UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended ~~December 31, 2017~~September 30, 2019


☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-13357

Royal Gold, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Delaware		84-0835164
(State or Other Jurisdiction of		(I.R.S. Employer
Incorporation)		Identification No.)

1660 Wynkoop Street, Suite 1000
Denver, Colorado		80202
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)		(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code ~~(303)~~ (303) 573-1660

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol	Name of the Exchange on which Registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value	RGLD	Nasdaq Global Select Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically ~~and posted on its corporate web site, if any,~~ every Interactive Data File required to be submitted ~~and posted~~ pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit ~~and post~~ such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer ☒	Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☐~~(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)~~	Smaller reporting company ☐
Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

There were ~~65,455,293~~65,591,907 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding as of ~~February 1, 2018~~October 31, 2019.

Table of Contents

INDEX

~~INDEX~~

		PAGE

PART I	FINANCIAL INFORMATION

~~PART I~~Item 1.	~~FINANCIAL INFORMATION~~Financial Statements (Unaudited)

~~Item 1.~~	~~Financial Statements (Unaudited)~~Consolidated Balance Sheets	3

	~~Consolidated Balance Sheets~~	3
	Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive ~~(Loss)~~ Income	4
	Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity	5
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	5 6
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	6 7

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	16 19

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	29 30

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	30

PART II	OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	30 31

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	31

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	31

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	31

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosure	31

Item 5.	Other Information	31

Item 6.	Exhibits	31 32

SIGNATURES		32 33

Table of Contents

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

ROYAL GOLD, INC.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited, in thousands except share data)

December 31, 2017

June 30, 2017
ASSETS

Cash and equivalents

$
98,132

$
85,847
Royalty receivables

29,285

26,886
Income tax receivable

27,366

22,169
Stream inventory

7,359

7,883
Prepaid expenses and other

3,337

822
Total current assets

165,479

143,607
Stream and royalty interests, net (Note 2)

2,810,616

2,892,256
Other assets

53,305

58,202
Total assets

$
3,029,400

$
3,094,065
LIABILITIES

Accounts payable

$
2,251

$
3,908
Dividends payable

16,363

15,682
Income tax payable

15,097

5,651
Foreign withholding taxes payable

3,451

3,425
Other current liabilities

4,413

5,617
Total current liabilities

41,575

34,283
Debt (Note 3)

493,486

586,170
Deferred tax liabilities

147,548

121,330
Uncertain tax positions

30,187

25,627
Other long-term liabilities

16,787

6,391
Total liabilities

729,583

773,801
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)

EQUITY

Preferred stock, $.01 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized; and 0 shares issued

—

—
Common stock, $.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized; and 65,307,285 and 65,179,527 shares outstanding, respectively

653

652
Additional paid-in capital

2,186,648

2,185,796
Accumulated other comprehensive income

687

879
Accumulated earnings

69,842

88,050
Total Royal Gold stockholders’ equity

2,257,830

2,275,377
Non-controlling interests

41,987

44,887
Total equity

2,299,817

2,320,264
Total liabilities and equity

$
3,029,400

$
3,094,065


	September 30,		June 30,
	2019		2019
ASSETS
Cash and equivalents	$	121,970	$	119,475
Royalty receivables		26,635		20,733
Income tax receivable		3,698		2,702
Stream inventory		10,772		11,380
Prepaid expenses and other		1,135		389
Total current assets		164,210		154,679
Stream and royalty interests, net (Note 3)		2,305,018		2,339,316
Other assets		78,683		50,156
Total assets	$	2,547,911	$	2,544,151
LIABILITIES
Accounts payable	$	3,496	$	2,890
Dividends payable		17,380		17,372
Income tax payable		5,548		6,974
Other current liabilities		5,949		6,374
Total current liabilities		32,373		33,610
Debt (Note 5)		164,595		214,554
Deferred tax liabilities		88,184		88,961
Uncertain tax positions		38,322		36,573
Other long-term liabilities		2,109		-
Total liabilities		325,583		373,698
Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)
EQUITY
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized; and 0 shares issued		—		—
Common stock, $.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized; and 65,495,787 and 65,440,492 shares outstanding, respectively		655		655
Additional paid-in capital		2,202,350		2,201,773
Accumulated losses		(12,676)		(65,747)
Total Royal Gold stockholders’ equity		2,190,329		2,136,681
Non-controlling interests		31,999		33,772
Total equity		2,222,328		2,170,453
Total liabilities and equity	$	2,547,911	$	2,544,151

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

ROYAL GOLD, INC.

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive ~~(Loss)~~ Income

(Unaudited, in thousands except share data)

For The Three Months Ended

For The Six Months Ended

December 31,

December 31,

December 31,

December 31,


2017

2016

2017

2016
Revenue

$
114,348

$
106,961

$
226,824

$
224,909

Costs and expenses

Cost of sales

19,863

22,502

40,282

45,163
General and administrative

9,555

7,538

16,455

18,045
Production taxes

602

445

1,145

942
Exploration costs

1,358

2,476

4,561

5,764
Depreciation, depletion and amortization

42,008

39,519

81,701

79,621
Total costs and expenses

73,386

72,480

144,144

149,535

Operating income

40,962

34,481

82,680

75,374

Interest and other income

645

7,488

1,634

9,045
Interest and other expense

(9,034)

(9,823)

(17,651)

(18,128)
Income before income taxes

32,573

32,146

66,663

66,291

Income tax expense

(48,360)

(5,044)

(55,904)

(12,232)
Net (loss) income

(15,787)

27,102

10,759

54,059
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests

1,022

960

3,105

3,791
Net (loss) income attributable to Royal Gold common stockholders

$
(14,765)

$
28,062

$
13,864

$
57,850

Net (loss) income

$
(15,787)

$
27,102

$
10,759

$
54,059
Adjustments to comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax

Unrealized change in market value of available-for-sale securities

(390)

822

(193)

822
Comprehensive (loss) income

(16,177)

27,924

10,566

54,881
Comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interests

1,022

960

3,105

3,791
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Royal Gold stockholders

$
(15,155)

$
28,884

$
13,671

$
58,672

Net (loss) income per share available to Royal Gold common stockholders:

Basic (loss) earnings per share

$
(0.23)

$
0.43

$
0.21

$
0.89
Basic weighted average shares outstanding

65,306,766

65,149,518

65,271,131

65,133,102
Diluted (loss) earnings per share

$
(0.23)

$
0.43

$
0.21

$
0.88
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding

65,306,766

65,253,209

65,460,430

65,264,137
Cash dividends declared per common share

$
0.25

$
0.24

$
0.49

$
0.47


	For The Three Months Ended
	September 30,		September 30,
	2019		2018
Revenue (Note 6)	$	118,774	$	99,992

Costs and expenses
Cost of sales (excludes depreciation, depletion and amortization)		20,111		16,527
General and administrative		7,443		9,927
Production taxes		1,099		1,292
Exploration costs		2,626		4,362
Depreciation, depletion and amortization		38,714		42,551
Total costs and expenses		69,993		74,659

Operating income		48,781		25,333

Fair value changes in equity securities		(1,375)		(1,468)
Interest and other income		775		103
Interest and other expense		(2,834)		(7,877)
Income before income taxes		45,347		16,091

Income tax benefit (expense)		23,525		(4,115)
Net income		68,872		11,976
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests		1,581		3,032
Net income attributable to Royal Gold common stockholders	$	70,453	$	15,008

Net income	$	68,872	$	11,976
Comprehensive income		68,872		11,976
Comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interests		1,581		3,032
Comprehensive income attributable to Royal Gold stockholders	$	70,453	$	15,008

Net income per share available to Royal Gold common stockholders:
Basic earnings per share	$	1.07	$	0.23
Basic weighted average shares outstanding		65,465,611		65,374,866
Diluted earnings per share	$	1.07	$	0.23
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding		65,615,926		65,497,159
Cash dividends declared per common share	$	0.265	$	0.25

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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ROYAL GOLD, INC.

Consolidated Statements of ~~Cash Flows~~Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

(~~Unaudited,~~unaudited, in ~~thousands)~~thousands except share data)

For The Six Months Ended

December 31,

December 31,


2017

2016
Cash flows from operating activities:

Net income

$
10,759

$
54,059
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

81,701

79,621
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs

7,413

6,751
Non-cash employee stock compensation expense

4,395

6,443
Deferred tax expense (benefit)

28,958

(3,211)
Other

(158)

(4,638)
Changes in assets and liabilities:

Royalty receivables

(2,399)

(7,135)
Stream inventory

524

(689)
Income tax receivable

(5,197)

(52)
Prepaid expenses and other assets

(328)

(835)
Accounts payable

(1,658)

(1,832)
Income tax payable

9,445

(12,120)
Foreign withholding taxes payable

26

1,636
Uncertain tax positions

4,560

6,052
Other liabilities

9,193

822
Net cash provided by operating activities

$
147,234

$
124,872

Cash flows from investing activities:

Acquisition of stream and royalty interests

—

(192,818)
Other

(94)

1,774
Net cash used in investing activities

$
(94)

$
(191,044)

Cash flows from financing activities:

Borrowings from revolving credit facility

—

70,000
Repayment of revolving credit facility

(100,000)

—
Net payments from issuance of common stock

(3,541)

(2,320)
Common stock dividends

(31,391)

(30,035)
Purchase of additional royalty interest from non-controlling interest

—

(1,438)
Other

77

(2,680)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

$
(134,855)

$
33,527
Net increase (decrease) in cash and equivalents

12,285

(32,645)
Cash and equivalents at beginning of period

85,847

116,633
Cash and equivalents at end of period

$
98,132

$
83,988


	Royal Gold Stockholders
						Accumulated
				Additional		Other
	Common Shares			Paid-In		Comprehensive		Accumulated		Non-controlling		Total
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Income (Loss)		(Losses) Earnings		Interests		Equity
Balance at June 30, 2019	65,440,492	$	655	$	2,201,773	$	—	$	(65,747)	$	33,772	$	2,170,453
Stock-based compensation and related share issuances	55,295		—		(323)		—		—		—		(323)
Distributions from (to) non-controlling interests	—		—		900		—		—		(192)		708
Net income	—		—		—		—		70,453		(1,581)		68,872
Dividends declared	—		—		—		—		(17,382)		—		(17,382)
Balance at September 30, 2019	65,495,787	$	655	$	2,202,350	$	—	$	(12,676)	$	31,999	$	2,222,328

	Royal Gold Stockholders
						Accumulated
				Additional		Other
	Common Shares			Paid-In		Comprehensive		Accumulated		Non-controlling		Total
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Income (Loss)		(Losses) Earnings		Interests		Equity
Balance at June 30, 2018	65,360,041	$	654	$	2,192,612	$	(1,201)	$	(89,898)	$	39,102	$	2,141,269
Stock-based compensation and related share issuances	34,857		—		472		—		—		—		472
Distributions from (to) non-controlling interests	—		—		1,950		—		—		(25)		1,925
Net income	—		—		—		—		15,008		(3,032)		11,976
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		1,201		(1,201)		—		—
Dividends declared	—		—		—		—		(16,376)		—		(16,376)
Balance at September 30, 2018	65,394,898	$	654	$	2,195,034	$	—	$	(92,467)	$	36,045	$	2,139,266

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

ROYAL GOLD, INC.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited, in thousands)


	Three Months Ended
	September 30,		September 30,
	2019		2018
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	68,872	$	11,976
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

Depreciation, depletion and amortization		38,714		42,551
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs		281		3,903
Non-cash employee stock compensation expense		2,101		2,444
Fair value changes in equity securities		1,375		1,468
Deferred tax benefit		(33,139)		(1,681)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Royalty receivables		(5,902)		1,250
Stream inventory		608		(701)
Income tax receivable		(995)		(6,341)
Prepaid expenses and other assets		(3,197)		1,061
Accounts payable		517		(4,060)
Income tax payable		(1,426)		(10,241)
Uncertain tax positions		1,748		3,266
Other liabilities		1,682		(258)
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	71,239	$	44,637

Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisition of royalty interests		(4,362)		(3)
Other		4,858		(121)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	$	496	$	(124)

Cash flows from financing activities:
Repayment of debt		(50,000)		—
Net payments from issuance of common stock		(2,423)		(1,972)
Common stock dividends		(17,373)		(16,376)
Other		556		2,163
Net cash used in financing activities	$	(69,240)	$	(16,185)
Net increase in cash and equivalents		2,495		28,328
Cash and equivalents at beginning of period		119,475		88,750
Cash and equivalents at end of period	$	121,970	$	117,078

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

ROYAL GOLD, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

1. OPERATIONS, SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENTLY ~~ISSUED AND RECENTLY~~ ADOPTED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

Royal Gold, Inc. (“Royal Gold”, the “Company”, “we”, “us”, or “our”), together with its subsidiaries, is engaged in the business of acquiring and managing ~~precious metals~~metal streams, royalties and similar interests. We seek to acquire existing stream and royalty interests or to finance mining projects that are in production or in the development stage in exchange for stream or royalty interests. A metal stream is a purchase agreement that provides, in exchange for an upfront deposit payment, the right to purchase all or a portion of ~~one~~1 or more metals produced from a mine at a price determined for the life of the transaction by the purchase agreement. ~~Royalties are~~A royalty is a non-operating ~~interests~~interest in a mining ~~projects~~project that ~~provide~~provides the right to revenue or metals produced from the project after deducting contractually specified costs, if any.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments which are of a normal recurring nature considered necessary for a fair presentation of our interim financial statements have been included in this Form 10-Q. Operating results for the three ~~and six~~ months ended ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending June 30, ~~2018.~~2020. These interim unaudited financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, ~~2017~~2019 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August ~~10, 2017~~8, 2019 (“Fiscal ~~2017~~2019 10-K”).

Certain amounts in the prior period ~~financial statements~~consolidated balance sheet have been reclassified for comparative purposes to conform with the presentation in the current period ~~financial statements.~~balance sheet. Reclassified amounts were not ~~material to the financial statements.~~material.

Recently ~~Issued and~~ Adopted Accounting Standards

~~Recently Issued~~Leases

In ~~May 2014,~~February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) ~~guidance~~2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires recognition of right-of-use assets and lease payment liabilities on the balance sheet by lessees for all leases with terms greater than twelve months. Classification of leases as either a finance or operating lease will determine the recognition, measurement and presentation of ~~revenue from contracts with customers. This~~expenses. ASU ~~superseded virtually all of~~2016-02 also requires certain quantitative and qualitative disclosures about material leasing arrangements.

Subsequently, in July 2018, the ~~existing revenue recognition guidance under U.S. GAAP. The core principle of the five step model is that~~FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements (“ASU 2018-11”). ASU 2018-11 provides an entity will recognize revenue when it transfers control of goods or services to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which it expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Entities can choose to apply the standard using either the full retrospective approach or aadditional modified retrospective ~~approach. The standard~~transition method for adopting ASU 2016-02, which eliminates the need for adjusting prior period comparable financial statements prepared under legacy lease accounting guidance.

ASU 2016-02, together with ASU 2018-11, is effective for the ~~Company’s fiscal year beginning~~Company July 1, ~~2018. Early adoption is permitted.~~

~~We plan to implement~~2019. The Company adopted the new ~~ASU revenue recognition~~ guidance ~~as of July 1, 2018,~~ using the modified retrospective ~~method~~approach set forth in ASU 2018-11, with ~~the cumulative effect, if any, of initial adoption to be recognized in~~ ~~Accumulated earnings~~ at the date of initial ~~application. We are in~~application on July 1, 2019. Comparative reporting periods were not adjusted upon adoption.

As permitted under the ~~initial stages of our evaluation of~~transition guidance, the ~~impact of~~Company has elected to use the new standard on our accounting policies, processes, and financial reporting. Based on the evaluation performed to-date, we expect to identify similar performance obligations as compared with deliverables and separate units of account previously identified. We will continue to assess the impact of adopting this ASU throughout the remainder of fiscal year 2018.following practical expedients at transition:

●

To not reassess whether any expired or existing contracts were or contained leases; and

●

To not reassess the lease classification for any expired or existing leases.

~~Recently Adopted~~

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU guidance related to stock-based compensation. The new guidance simplifies the accounting for stock-based compensation transactions, including income tax consequences, statement of cash flows presentation, estimating forfeitures when calculating compensation expense, and classification of awards as either equity or liabilities.

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ROYAL GOLD, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

In addition, the Company has elected to use the following practical expedients at and subsequent to adoption in accordance with ASU 2016-02:

●

Not to separate non-lease from lease components, and instead account for each lease component and any associated non-lease components as a single lease component; and

●

Not to recognize right-of-use assets and associated liabilities for short-term contracts with lease terms of 12 months or less.

The Company’s significant lease arrangements relate to its office spaces. These arrangements are for leases of assets such as corporate office space and office equipment. Through the implementation process, the Company evaluated its lease arrangements, which included an analysis of contracts, and updated its internal controls and processes that are necessary to track and calculate the additional accounting and disclosure requirements as required upon adoption of ASU 2016-02.

Upon adoption, the new standard ~~requires all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies to be recognized as income tax benefit (expense) in the income statement. The new guidance also requires presentation of excess tax benefits as~~had an operating activity on the statement of cash flows rather than a financing activity and requires presentation of cash paid to a tax authority when shares are withheld to satisfy the employer’s statutory income tax withholding obligation as a financing activity. The new guidance also provides for an election to account for forfeitures of stock-based compensation.

The Company adopted the ASU guidance effective July 1, 2017. With respect to the forfeiture election, the Company will continue its current practice of estimating forfeitures when calculating compensation expense. The adoption of this standard did not have a materialinsignificant impact on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2019. Adoption of the new standard resulted in the recognition of $2.4 million of right-of-use assets on our consolidated balance sheets with an offsetting $2.4 million of lease liabilities for operating leases. The current portion of our right of use assets are included in Prepaid expenses and other, while the long-term portion is included in Other assets on our consolidated balance sheets. The current portion of the offsetting lease liabilities are included in Other current liabilities, while the long-term portion is included in Other long-term liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. The Company did not have any finance leases as of September 30, 2019. The adoption of ASU 2016-02 did not impact accumulated losses, our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, and our consolidated statements of cash flows.

2. ACQUISITION

Castelo de Sonhos royalty acquisition

In August 2019, a subsidiary of the Company entered into an agreement with TriStar Gold Inc. and its subsidiaries (together “TriStar”) to acquire (i) up to a 1.5% net smelter return (“NSR”) royalty on the Castelo de Sonhos gold project (“CDS”), located in Brazil, and (ii) warrants to purchase up to 19,640,000 common shares of TriStar. Total consideration is $7.5 million and is payable over 3 payments, of which $4.5 million was paid in August 2019. The second and third payments of $1.5 million each are subject to satisfaction of certain conditions and are payable by November 30, 2019 and March 31, 2020. The NSR royalty is incrementally earned pro-rata with the funding schedule while the warrants to purchase TriStar common shares will be issued pro-rata with the funding schedule.

The CDS royalty acquisition has been accounted for as an asset acquisition. The $4.4 million paid as part of the aggregate funding schedule, plus direct acquisition costs, have been recorded as an exploration stage royalty interest within Stream and royalty interests, net on our consolidated balance sheets. Any future funding of the second and third payments, plus any direct acquisition costs, will also be recorded as an exploration stage royalty interest.

The warrants have been recorded within Other assets on our consolidated balance sheets and have a carrying value of approximately $0.8 million as of September 30, 2019. The warrants have been classified as a financial asset instrument and are recorded at fair value at each reporting date using the Black-Scholes model. Any change in fair value of the warrants at subsequent reporting periods will be recorded within Interest and other income on our consolidated statements ~~or related disclosures.~~ of operations and comprehensive income. As of September 30, 2019, the Company holds 11,784,000 warrants at an exercise price of C$0.25 per common share with a term of five years.

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ROYAL GOLD, INC.

2.Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

3. STREAM AND ROYALTY INTERESTS, NET

The following tables summarize the Company’s stream and royalty interests, net as of ~~December 31, 2017~~September 30, 2019 and June 30, ~~2017.~~2019.


As of December 31, 2017 (Amounts in thousands):	Cost		Accumulated Depletion		Net

As of September 30, 2019 (Amounts in thousands):							Cost		Accumulated Depletion		Net
Production stage stream interests:
Mount Milligan	$	790,635	$	(129,652)	$	660,983	$	790,635	$	(192,726)	$	597,909
Pueblo Viejo		610,404		(93,202)		517,202		610,404		(168,961)		441,443
Andacollo		388,182		(51,328)		336,854		388,182		(93,774)		294,408
Rainy River								175,727		(17,462)		158,265
Wassa and Prestea		146,475		(34,446)		112,029		146,475		(59,565)		86,910
Rainy River		175,727		(581)		175,146
Total production stage stream interests		2,111,423		(309,209)		1,802,214		2,111,423		(532,488)		1,578,935
Production stage royalty interests:
Voisey's Bay		205,724		(85,671)		120,053		205,724		(97,136)		108,588
Peñasquito		99,172		(36,730)		62,442		99,172		(41,414)		57,758
Holt		34,612		(20,490)		14,122		34,612		(22,936)		11,676
Cortez		20,878		(11,094)		9,784		80,681		(12,777)		67,904
Other		483,795		(350,690)		133,105		487,224		(390,591)		96,633
Total production stage royalty interests		844,181		(504,675)		339,506		907,413		(564,854)		342,559
Total production stage stream and royalty interests		2,955,604		(813,884)		2,141,720		3,018,836		(1,097,342)		1,921,494


Development stage stream interests:
Other		12,031		—		12,031		12,038		—		12,038

Development stage royalty interests:
Other								70,952		—		70,952
Total development stage stream and royalty interests								82,990		—		82,990

Exploration stage royalty interests:
Pascua-Lama		380,657		—		380,657		177,690		—		177,690
Cortez		59,803		—		59,803
Other		63,811		—		63,811		122,844		—		122,844
Total development stage royalty interests		504,271		—		504,271
Total development stage stream and royalty interests		516,302		—		516,302
Total exploration stage royalty interests		152,594		—		152,594		300,534		—		300,534
Total stream and royalty interests	$	3,624,500	$	(813,884)	$	2,810,616
Total stream and royalty interests, net							$	3,402,360	$	(1,097,342)	$	2,305,018

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ROYAL GOLD, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

As of June 30, 2017 (Amounts in thousands):

Cost

Accumulated Depletion

Net
Production stage stream interests:

Mount Milligan

$
790,635

$
(114,327)

$
676,308
Pueblo Viejo

610,404

(67,149)

543,255
Andacollo

388,182

(39,404)

348,778
Wassa and Prestea

146,475

(22,715)

123,760
Total production stage stream interests

1,935,696

(243,595)

1,692,101
Production stage royalty interests:

Voisey's Bay

205,724

(85,671)

120,053
Peñasquito

99,172

(34,713)

64,459
Holt

34,612

(19,669)

14,943
Cortez

20,873

(10,633)

10,240
Other

483,643

(337,958)

145,685
Total production stage royalty interests

844,024

(488,644)

355,380
Total production stage stream and royalty interests

2,779,720

(732,239)

2,047,481
Development stage stream interests:

Rainy River

175,727

—

175,727
Other

12,031

—

12,031
Total development stage stream interests

187,758

—

187,758
Development stage royalty interests:

Pascua-Lama

380,657

—

380,657
Cortez

59,803

—

59,803
Other

63,811

—

63,811
Total development stage royalty interests

504,271

—

504,271
Total development stage stream and royalty interests

692,029

—

692,029
Total exploration stage royalty interests

152,746

—

152,746
Total stream and royalty interests

$
3,624,495

$
(732,239)

$
2,892,256


As of June 30, 2019 (Amounts in thousands):	Cost		Accumulated Depletion		Net
Production stage stream interests:
Mount Milligan	$	790,635	$	(184,091)	$	606,544
Pueblo Viejo		610,404		(158,819)		451,585
Andacollo		388,182		(86,675)		301,507
Rainy River		175,727		(14,522)		161,205
Wassa and Prestea		146,475		(56,919)		89,556
Total production stage stream interests		2,111,423		(501,026)		1,610,397
Total production stage stream and royalty interests
Production stage royalty interests:
Voisey's Bay		205,724		(95,564)		110,160
Peñasquito		99,172		(40,659)		58,513
Holt		34,612		(22,570)		12,042
Cortez		20,878		(12,362)		8,516
Other		487,224		(386,501)		100,723
Total production stage royalty interests		847,610		(557,656)		289,954
Total production stage stream and royalty interests		2,959,033		(1,058,682)		1,900,351
Development stage stream interests:
Other		12,038		—		12,038

Development stage royalty interests:
Cortez		59,803		—		59,803
Other		70,952		—		70,952
Total development stage royalty interests		130,755		—		130,755
Total development stage stream and royalty interests		142,793		—		142,793

Exploration stage royalty interests:
Pascua-Lama		177,690		—		177,690
Other		118,482		—		118,482
Total exploration stage royalty interests		296,172		—		296,172
Total stream and royalty interests, net	$	3,397,998	$	(1,058,682)	$	2,339,316

Mount Milligan

~~3. DEBT~~

The Company’s ~~non-current debt~~wholly-owned subsidiary, RGLD Gold AG (“RGLD Gold”), owns the right to purchase 35% of the payable gold and 18.75% of the payable copper produced from the Mount Milligan copper-gold mine in British Columbia, Canada, which is operated by an indirect subsidiary of Centerra Gold Inc. (“Centerra”). The Company’s carrying value for its stream interest at Mount Milligan is $597.9 million as of ~~December 31, 2017~~September 30, 2019.

On October 30, 2019, Centerra reported that issues identified with decreasing long-term gold recoveries and ~~June 30, 2017 consists~~increased costs in the short-to medium-term led them to record an impairment charge against their carrying value of the ~~following:~~

As of December 31, 2017

As of June 30, 2017


Principal

Unamortized Discount

Debt Issuance Costs

Total

Principal

Unamortized Discount

Debt Issuance Costs

Total

(Amounts in thousands)

(Amounts in thousands)
Convertible notes due 2019

$
370,000

$
(19,110)

$
(1,986)

$
348,904

$
370,000

$
(25,251)

$
(2,646)

$
342,103
Revolving credit facility

150,000

—

(5,418)

144,582

250,000

—

(5,933)

244,067
Total debt

$
520,000

$
(19,110)

$
(7,404)

$
493,486

$
620,000

$
(25,251)

$
(8,579)

$
586,170

~~Convertible Senior Notes Due 2019~~

In June 2012, the Company completed an offering of $370 million aggregate principal amount of 2.875% convertible senior notes due 2019 (“2019 Notes”). The 2019 Notes bear interest at the rate of 2.875% per annum,Mount Milligan mine under applicable accounting standards, and ~~the Company is required to make semi-annual interest payments on the outstanding principal balance~~that it has begun a comprehensive technical review of the ~~2019 Notes on June 15~~operation with the objective of publishing an updated 43-101 technical report in the coming months. According to Centerra, the updated 43-101 report will include studies to optimize the economics of the mine as well as incorporate results of exploration drilling through calendar 2019. While Centerra acknowledged that the extent of any changes in reserves and ~~December 15~~mineralized material cannot be precisely determined until all relevant studies and modeling have been completed, it expects that the mineral reserves and mineralized material at Mount Milligan will be materially reduced.

A significant reduction in reserves and mineralized material could be an indicator of ~~each year, beginning December 15, 2012.~~potential impairment for Royal Gold. The ~~2019 Notes mature on June 15, 2019. Interest expense recognized on~~financial impairment taken by Centerra does not impact the ~~2019 Notes~~mine operating performance, and, further, a significant reduction in reserves and mineralized material at Mount Milligan may not result in an impairment given current high gold prices and our low depletion rates for the three and six months ended December 31, 2017, was $6.1 million and $12.1 million, respectively, compared to $5.9 million and $11.7 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended December 31, 2016, and included the contractual coupon interest, the accretion of the debt discount and amortization of the debt issuance costs.

Mount Milligan stream interest. It is unclear at this point what impact, if any,

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ROYAL GOLD, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

the results of Centerra’s technical report work will have on the carrying value of our stream interest at Mount Milligan. The Company will continue to monitor these developments at Mount Milligan in subsequent quarterly reporting periods.

Other

During the quarter ended June 30, 2019, the Company was made aware of insolvency proceedings at one of our non-principal producing properties (El Toqui), and during the quarter ended September 30, 2019, the Company was made aware of insolvency proceedings at one of our evaluation stage properties. The outcome of these insolvency proceedings may impact our royalty interests and the associated carrying values, which are approximately $1.4 million (El Toqui) and $2.7 million (evaluation stage interest) as of September 30, 2019. The Company continues to monitor these insolvency proceedings as part of our regular asset impairment analysis. Based on the results of these insolvency proceedings, the Company could determine that a future write-down of either interest to an amount less than the current carrying value or to zero is necessary.

4. MARKETABLE EQUITY SECURITIES

As of September 30, 2019, the Company’s marketable equity securities include 809,744 common shares of Contango Ore, Inc. (“CORE”), 3,949,575 common shares of Rubicon Minerals Corporation, and warrants to purchase up to 11,784,000 common shares of TriStar. Our marketable equity securities are measured at fair value (Note 11) each reporting period with any changes in fair value recognized in net income.

The decrease in fair value of our marketable equity securities was approximately $1.4 million and $1.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and is included in Fair value changes in equity securities on our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. The carrying value of the Company’s marketable equity securities as of September 30, 2019 and June 30, 2019 was $15.0 million and $16.0 million, respectively, and is included in Other assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

5. DEBT

The Company’s debt as of September 30, 2019 and June 30, 2019 consists of the following:


	As of September 30, 2019						As of June 30, 2019
	Principal		Debt Issuance Costs		Total		Principal		Debt Issuance Costs		Total
		(Amounts in thousands)						(Amounts in thousands)
Revolving credit facility	$	170,000	$	(5,405)	$	164,595	$	220,000	$	(5,446)	$	214,554
Total debt	$	170,000	$	(5,405)	$	164,595	$	220,000	$	(5,446)	$	214,554

Revolving credit facility

~~The~~On September 20, 2019, the Company ~~maintains~~entered into a ~~$1 billion~~third amendment to our revolving credit ~~facility.~~ facility dated as of June 2, 2017. Under the amendment, the Company’s Swiss subsidiary, RGLD Gold AG, was added as a co-borrower and joint and several obligor, certain of the Company’s Canadian subsidiaries were added as guarantors, and certain equity pledges that previously had been granted in favor of the lenders to support the facility were released, with the result that the facility is now unsecured.

As of ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, the Company had ~~$150~~$170 million outstanding and ~~$850~~$830 million available under the revolving credit facility with an interest rate on borrowings of LIBOR plus 1.75% for an all-in rate of 3.24%. During the three and six months ended December 31, 2017, the Company repaid $50 million, respectively, of the outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility. Royal Gold may repay any borrowings under the revolving credit facility at any time without premium or penalty. ~~Interest expense recognized~~

As of September 30, 2019, the interest rate on borrowings under the revolving credit facility was LIBOR plus 1.10% for an all-in rate of 3.24%. For the three ~~and six~~ months ended ~~December 31, 2017 was $1.8 million~~September 30, 2019 and ~~$3.6 million, respectively, and $2.3 million and $4.3 million for the three and six months ended December 31, 2016, and included~~2018, interest expense, which includes interest on the outstanding borrowings and the amortization of the debt issuance ~~costs.~~costs, was $2.2 million and $0.3 million

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ROYAL GOLD, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

respectively. As discussed in Note 5 to the ~~notes to~~ consolidated financial statements in the Company’s Fiscal ~~2017~~2019 10-K, the Company has financial covenants associated with its revolving credit facility. As of ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, the Company was in compliance with each financial covenant.

4.6. REVENUE

Revenue Recognition

Under current ASC 606 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”) guidance, a performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer control of a distinct good or service (or integrated package of goods and/or services) to a customer. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, a performance obligation is satisfied. In accordance with this guidance, revenue attributable to our stream interests and royalty interests is generally recognized at the point in time that control of the related metal production transfers to our customers. The amount of revenue we recognize further reflects the consideration to which we are entitled under the respective stream or royalty agreement. A more detailed summary of our revenue recognition policies for our stream and royalty interests is discussed below.

Stream Interests

A metal stream is a purchase agreement that provides, in exchange for an upfront deposit payment, the right to purchase all or a portion of one or more of the metals produced from a mine, at a price determined for the life of the transaction by the purchase agreement. Gold, silver and copper received under our metal streaming agreements are taken into inventory, and then sold primarily using average spot rate gold, silver and copper forward contracts. The sales price for these average spot rate forward contracts is determined by the average daily gold, silver or copper spot prices during the term of the contract, typically a consecutive number of trading days between ten days and three months (depending on the frequency of deliveries under the respective streaming agreement and our sales policy in effect at the time) commencing shortly after receipt and purchase of the metal. We settle our forward sales contracts via physical delivery of the metal to the purchaser (our customer) on the settlement date specified in the contract. Under our forward sales contracts, there is a single performance obligation to sell a contractually specified volume of metal to the purchaser, and we satisfy this obligation at the point in time of physical delivery. Accordingly, revenue from our metal sales is recognized on the date of settlement, which is the date that control, custody and title to the metal transfer to the purchaser.

Royalty Interests

Royalties are non-operating interests in mining projects that provide the right to a percentage of revenue or metals produced from the project after deducting specified costs, if any. We are entitled to payment for our royalty interest in a mining project based on a contractually specified commodity price (for example, a monthly or quarterly average spot price) for the period in which metal production occurs. As a royalty holder, we act as a passive entity in the production and operations of the mining project, and the third-party operator of the mining project is responsible for all mining activities, including subsequent marketing and delivery of all metal production to their ultimate customer. In all of our material royalty interest arrangements, we have concluded that we transfer control of our interest in the metal production to the operator at the point at which production occurs, and thus, the operator is our customer. We have further determined that the transfer of each unit of metal production comprising our royalty interest to the operator represents a separate performance obligation under the contract, and each performance obligation is satisfied at the point in time of metal production by the operator. Accordingly, we recognize revenue attributable to our royalty interests in the period in which metal production occurs at the specified commodity price per the agreement, net of any contractually allowable offsite treatment, refining, transportation and, if applicable, mining costs.

Royalty Revenue Estimates

For a small number of our royalty interests, we may not receive, or be entitled to receive, payment information, including production information from the operator, for the period in which metal production occurred prior to issuance of our financial statements. As a result, we may estimate revenue for these royalties based on available information, including

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ROYAL GOLD, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

public information, from the operator. If adequate information is not available from the operator or from other public sources before we issue our financial statements, the Company will recognize royalty revenue during the period in which the necessary payment information is received. Differences between estimates and actual amounts could differ significantly and are recorded in the period that the actual amounts are known. Please also refer to our “Use of Estimates” accounting policy discussed in our Fiscal 2019 10-K. For the quarter ended September 30, 2019, royalty revenue that was estimated or was attributable to metal production for a period prior to September 30, 2019, was not material.

Disaggregation of Revenue

We have identified 2 material revenue sources in our business: stream interests and royalty interests. These identified revenue sources are consistent with our reportable segments as discussed in Note 10.

Revenue by metal type attributable to each of our revenue sources is ~~comprised~~disaggregated as follows:


	Three Months Ended
	September 30,		September 30,
	2019		2018
Stream revenue:
Gold	$	72,224	$	59,114
Silver		8,436		8,720
Copper		6,321		2,203
Total stream revenue	$	86,981	$	70,037
Royalty revenue:
Gold	$	21,757	$	18,554
Silver		1,829		1,352
Copper		2,980		3,615
Other		5,227		6,434
Total royalty revenue	$	31,793	$	29,955
Total revenue	$	118,774	$	99,992

Revenue attributable to our principal stream and royalty interests is disaggregated as follows:


		Three Months Ended
		September 30,		September 30,
	Metal(s)	2019		2018
Stream revenue:
Mount Milligan	Gold & Copper	$	30,497	$	8,847
Pueblo Viejo	Gold & Silver		21,618		19,486
Andacollo	Gold		20,604		27,743
Wassa	Gold		5,319		5,325
Rainy River	Gold & Silver		7,166		5,900
Other	Gold & Silver		1,777		2,736
Total stream revenue		$	86,981	$	70,037
Royalty revenue:
Peñasquito	Gold, Silver, Lead & Zinc	$	4,420	$	3,637
Cortez	Gold		4,417		603
Other	Various		22,956		25,715
Total royalty revenue		$	31,793	$	29,955
Total revenue		$	118,774	$	99,992

Please refer to Note 10 for the geographical distribution of our revenue by reportable segment.

Contract Receivables

Under our forward sales contracts related to our metal streaming arrangements, payment is due from the purchaser on the day of settlement. Accordingly, our metal stream sales contracts do not give rise to a receivable under ASC 606.

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ROYAL GOLD, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Under our royalty arrangements, payment is typically due by the royalty payor either (i) monthly, typically thirty days after month-end or (ii) quarterly, typically thirty to sixty days after the respective quarter-end. Revenue related to production that has occurred as of the ~~following:~~reporting date but for which payment has not been received represents a receivable (rather than a contract asset) under ASC 606 as payment by the operator is unconditional upon the production of metal. As of September 30, 2019, and June 30, 2019, our royalty receivables were $26.6 million and $20.7 million, respectively.

Three Months Ended

Six Months Ended

December 31,

December 31,

December 31,

December 31,


2017

2016

2017

2016

(Amounts in thousands)

(Amounts in thousands)
Stream interests

$
79,287

$
74,007

$
158,049

$
159,511
Royalty interests

35,061

32,954

68,775

65,398
Total revenue

$
114,348

$
106,961

$
226,824

$
224,909

Practical Expedients Utilized

5.Our forward sales contracts related to our metal streaming arrangements are short-term in nature with a term of one year or less. For these contracts, we have utilized the practical expedient allowed in ASC 606 that exempts us from presenting the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations (i.e. forecasts of unearned revenue) for contracts with an original expected term of one year or less.

Our royalty arrangements generally cover metal production over the life of a mine and, thus, have a contract term that is greater than one year. Under these contracts, variability related to future production volumes and market pricing is allocated entirely to those future production volumes from the mining operation. Consequently, we have utilized an alternative practical expedient allowed in ASC 606 that exempts us from presenting the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations (i.e. forecasts of unearned revenue) if the variable consideration in a contract is allocated entirely to a wholly unsatisfied performance obligation.

7. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	December 31,		December 31,		December 31,		December 31,
	2017		2016		2017		2016
		(Amounts in thousands)				(Amounts in thousands)

									Three Months Ended
									September 30,		September 30,
									2019		2018
										(Amounts in thousands)
Stock options	$	79	$	95	$	170	$	203	$	31	$	120
Stock appreciation rights		486		454		974		922		442		766
Restricted stock		888		829		2,314		2,203		1,243		1,280
Performance stock		568		921		937		3,115		385		278
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	2,021	$	2,299	$	4,395	$	6,443	$	2,101	$	2,444

Stock-based compensation expense is included within General and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive ~~(loss)~~ income.

During the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company granted the following stock-based compensation awards:


	Three Months Ended
	September 30,	September 30,
	2019	2018
	(Number of shares)
Stock options	1,604	6,430
Stock appreciation rights	46,726	69,360
Restricted stock	23,976	42,260
Performance stock (at maximum 200% attainment)	28,560	57,420
Total equity awards granted	100,866	175,470

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ROYAL GOLD, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

~~During the three and six months ended December 31, 2017, the Company granted the following stock-based compensation awards:~~

Three Months Ended

Six Months Ended

December 31,

December 31,

December 31,

December 31,



2017


2016


2017


2016

(Number of shares)

(Number of shares)
Stock options

-

-

6,858

7,200
Stock appreciation rights

-

-

71,262

63,340
Restricted stock

-

-

50,380

44,890
Performance stock

-

-

34,010

29,830
Total equity awards granted

-

-

162,510

145,260

As of ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, unrecognized compensation expense (expressed in thousands below) and weighted-average vesting period for each of our stock-based compensation awards were as follows:


	Unrecognized		Weighted-
	compensation		average vesting
	expense		period (years)

					Unrecognized		Weighted-
					compensation		average vesting
					expense		period (years)
Stock options	$	397		1.8	$	160		1.9
Stock appreciation rights		3,189		2.1		3,012		2.2
Restricted stock		6,939		3.2		6,140		3.3
Performance stock		2,424		2.0		2,522		2.1

6.8. EARNINGS PER SHARE (“EPS”)

Basic earnings per common share were computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, considering the effect of participating securities. Unvested stock-based compensation awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are considered participating securities and are included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. The Company’s unvested restricted stock awards contain non-forfeitable dividend rights and participate equally with common stock with respect to dividends issued or declared. The Company’s unexercised stock options, unexercised SSARs and unvested performance stock do not contain rights to dividends. Under the two-class method, the earnings used to determine basic ~~(loss)~~ earnings per common share are reduced by an amount allocated to participating securities. Use of the two-class method has an immaterial impact on the calculation of basic and diluted ~~(loss)~~ earnings per common share.

The following tables summarize the effects of dilutive securities on diluted EPS for the period:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	December 31,		December 31,		December 31,		December 31,
	2017		2016		2017		2016
		(in thousands, except per share data)				(in thousands, except per share data)
Net (loss) income available to Royal Gold common stockholders	$	(14,765)	$	28,062	$	13,864	$	57,850

									Three Months Ended
									September 30,		September 30,
									2019		2018
										(in thousands, except per share data)
Net income available to Royal Gold common stockholders									$	70,453	$	15,008
Weighted-average shares for basic EPS		65,306,766		65,149,518		65,271,131		65,133,102		65,465,611		65,374,866
Effect of other dilutive securities		-		103,691		189,299		131,035		150,315		122,293
Weighted-average shares for diluted EPS		65,306,766		65,253,209		65,460,430		65,264,137		65,615,926		65,497,159
Basic (loss) earnings per share	$	(0.23)	$	0.43	$	0.21	$	0.89
Diluted (loss) earnings per share	$	(0.23)	$	0.43	$	0.21	$	0.88
Basic earnings per share									$	1.07	$	0.23
Diluted earnings per share									$	1.07	$	0.23

9. INCOME TAXES


	Three Months Ended
	September 30,		September 30,
	2019		2018
	(Amounts in thousands, except rate)
Income tax (benefit) expense	$	(23,525)	$	4,115
Effective tax rate		(51.9%)		25.6%

The decrease in the effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2018, was attributable to discrete tax benefits ($32.3 million) primarily related to the remeasurement of certain deferred tax assets and a net step-up in the basis of tax assets due to the enactment of the Federal Act on Tax Reform and AHV Financing in Zug, Switzerland on September 3, 2019.

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ROYAL GOLD, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

The calculation of weighted average shares includes all of our outstanding common stock. The Company intends to settle the principal amount of the 2019 Notes in cash. As a result, there will be no impact to diluted earnings per share unless the share price of the Company’s common stock exceeds the conversion price of $102.79.

~~7. INCOME TAXES~~

Three Months Ended

Six Months Ended

December 31,

December 31,

December 31,

December 31,


2017

2016

2017

2016

(Amounts in thousands, except rate)

(Amounts in thousands, except rate)
Income tax expense

$
(48,360)

$
(5,044)

$
(55,904)

$
(12,232)
Effective tax rate

148.5%

15.7%

83.9%

18.5%

The increase in the effective tax rate for the three and six months ended December 31, 2017 is primarily attributable to the effects of recent U.S. tax legislation, as discussed below, and the effects of a non-cash functional currency election ($15.9 million expense) to file certain Canadian income tax returns in U.S. dollars. Prior to the functional currency election, certain deferred tax liabilities were measured on the difference between adjusted Canadian dollar acquisition cost and Canadian dollar tax basis. These deferred tax liabilities were then marked-to market every quarter, for income tax expense (benefit) purposes, to account for changes in the Canadian dollar to U.S. dollar exchange rate. Post-election, the applicable deferred tax liabilities will be measured on the difference between U.S. GAAP value and U.S. dollar tax basis, and eliminating volatility in the effective tax rate caused by this mark-to-market adjustment.

On December 22, 2017, H.R. 1, originally known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Act”), was enacted and is effective for tax years including January 1, 2018. Certain other aspects of the Act are not effective for fiscal June 30 companies until July 1, 2018.

The Act, among other things, reduced the U.S. corporate income tax rate to 21% starting January 1, 2018. As the Company is a fiscal year tax payer, we applied a blended U.S. federal income tax rate of approximately 28.1% for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2018. The blended percentage was calculated on a pro-rata percentage of the number of days before and after January 1, 2018. The Company’s U.S. federal corporate income tax rate will be 21% for the fiscal year commencing on July 1, 2018 and all future years.

~~ASC 740,~~ ~~Income Taxes,~~ requires recognition of the effects of tax law changes in the period of enactment. As a result, the Company recorded a net charge (expense) of $26.4 million during the three months ended December 31, 2017. This amount, which is included in ~~Income tax expense~~ on our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income, consists of three components: (i) a $11.5 million charge relating to the one-time mandatory tax on the net accumulated post-1986 untaxed earnings and profits of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries, which we will elect to pay over an eight-year period, (ii) a $2.3 million benefit resulting from the re-measurement of the Company’s net deferred tax assets and liabilities, and (iii) a $17.2 million charge related to re-measurement of the U.S. income tax impacts resulting from foreign uncertain tax positions.

The net $26.4 million charge represents what the Company believes is a reasonable estimate of the impact of the Act. As the net charge is based on currently available information and interpretations, which are continuing to evolve, all amounts should be considered provisional. The Company will continue to analyze additional information and guidance related to the Act as supplemental legislation, regulatory guidance, or evolving technical interpretations become available. The final impacts may differ from the recorded amounts as of December 31, 2017 and the Company will continue to refine such amounts within the measurement period provided by Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118. The Company expects to complete its analysis no later than the second quarter of fiscal year 2019.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~ROYAL GOLD, INC.~~

~~Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

8.10. SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company manages its business under ~~two~~2 reportable segments, consisting of the acquisition and management of stream interests and the acquisition and management of royalty interests. Royal Gold’s long-lived assets (stream and royalty interests, net) are geographically distributed as shown in the following table:


	As of December 31, 2017						As of June 30, 2017
	Stream interest		Royalty interest		Total stream and royalty interests, net		Stream interest		Royalty interest		Total stream and royalty interests, net

													As of September 30, 2019						As of June 30, 2019
																	Total stream						Total stream
													Stream		Royalty		and royalty		Stream		Royalty		and royalty
													interest		interest		interests, net		interest		interest		interests, net
Canada	$	836,129	$	218,683	$	1,054,812	$	852,035	$	221,618	$	1,073,653	$	756,174	$	197,409	$	953,583	$	767,749	$	200,251	$	968,000
Dominican Republic		517,203		—		517,203		543,256		—		543,256		441,443		—		441,443		451,585		—		451,585
Chile		336,854		453,369		790,223		348,778		453,369		802,147		294,408		214,225		508,633		301,507		214,226		515,733
Africa		112,029		525		112,554		123,760		572		124,332		86,910		321		87,231		89,555		321		89,876
Mexico		—		99,769		99,769		—		105,889		105,889		—		81,920		81,920		—		83,748		83,748
United States		—		166,115		166,115		—		168,378		168,378		—		162,412		162,412		—		163,398		163,398
Australia		—		35,780		35,780		—		37,409		37,409		—		31,187		31,187		—		31,944		31,944
Other		12,030		22,130		34,160		12,030		25,162		37,192
Rest of world														12,039		26,570		38,609		12,039		22,993		35,032
Total	$	1,814,245	$	996,371	$	2,810,616	$	1,879,859	$	1,012,397	$	2,892,256	$	1,590,974	$	714,044	$	2,305,018	$	1,622,435	$	716,881		2,339,316

The Company’s ~~revenue, cost~~reportable segments for purposes of ~~sales and net~~assessing performance are shown below (amounts in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
	Revenue		Cost of sales⁽¹⁾		Production taxes		Depletion ⁽²⁾		Segment gross profit
Stream interests	$	86,981	$	20,111	$	—	$	31,462	$	35,408
Royalty interests		31,793		—		1,099		7,199		23,495
Total	$	118,774	$	20,111	$	1,099	$	38,661	$	58,903


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
	Revenue		Cost of sales⁽¹⁾		Production taxes		Depletion ⁽²⁾		Segment gross profit
Stream interests	$	70,037	$	16,527	$	—	$	32,097	$	21,413
Royalty interests		29,955		—		1,292		10,408		18,255
Total	$	99,992	$	16,527	$	1,292	$	42,505	$	39,668

(1)	Excludes depreciation, depletion and amortization

(2)	Depletion amounts are included within Depreciation, depletion and amortization on our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

Table of Contents

ROYAL GOLD, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

A reconciliation of total segment gross profit to the consolidated Income before income taxes is shown below (amounts in thousands):


	Three Months Ended
	September 30,		September 30,
		2019		2018
Total segment gross profit	$	58,903	$	39,668

Costs and expenses
General and administrative expenses		7,443		9,927
Exploration costs		2,626		4,362
Depreciation		53		46
Operating income		48,781		25,333
Fair value changes in equity securities		(1,375)		(1,468)
Interest and other income		775		103
Interest and other expense		(2,834)		(7,877)
Income before income taxes	$	45,347	$	16,091

The Company’s revenue by reportable segment for the three ~~and six~~ months ended ~~December 31, 2017~~September 30, 2019 and ~~2016,~~2018 is geographically distributed as shown in the following ~~table:~~table (amounts in thousands):


	Three Months Ended December 31, 2017						Three Months Ended December 31, 2016
	Revenue		Cost of sales		Net revenue		Revenue		Cost of sales		Net revenue
Streams:

													Three Months Ended
													September 30,		September 30,
													2019		2018
Stream interests:
Canada	$	22,702	$	6,624	$	16,078	$	31,664	$	11,181	$	20,483	$	37,663	$	14,747
Dominican Republic		26,355		8,198		18,157		26,437		8,547		17,890		21,618		19,486
Chile		21,601		3,297		18,304		10,985		1,746		9,239		20,604		27,742
Africa		8,629		1,744		6,885		4,921		1,028		3,893		7,096		8,062
Total streams	$	79,287	$	19,863	$	59,424	$	74,007	$	22,502	$	51,505

Royalties:
Mexico	$	10,854	$	—	$	10,854	$	11,530	$	—	$	11,530
Total stream interests													$	86,981	$	70,037

Royalty interests:
United States		12,298		—		12,298		9,407		—		9,407	$	10,602	$	6,056
Canada		5,396		—		5,396		5,682		—		5,682		8,921		10,181
Mexico														6,387		7,996
Australia		3,227		—		3,227		3,230		—		3,230		3,802		3,060
Africa		585		—		585		764		—		764		470		492
Other		2,701		—		2,701		2,341		—		2,341
Total royalties	$	35,061	$	—	$	35,061	$	32,954	$	—	$	32,954
Total streams and royalties	$	114,348	$	19,863	$	94,485	$	106,961	$	22,502	$	84,459
Rest of world														1,611		2,170
Total royalty interests													$	31,793	$	29,955
Total revenue													$	118,774	$	99,992

~~Table of Contents~~

~~ROYAL GOLD, INC.~~

~~Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

Six Months Ended December 31, 2017

Six Months Ended December 31, 2016


Revenue

Cost of sales

Net revenue

Revenue

Cost of sales

Net revenue
Streams:

Canada

$
54,654

$
15,847

$
38,807

$
70,050

$
23,758

$
46,292
Dominican Republic

51,758

15,785

35,973

47,387

14,443

32,944
Chile

33,938

5,109

28,829

31,154

4,744

26,410
Africa

17,699

3,541

14,158

10,920

2,218

8,702
Total streams

$
158,049

$
40,282

$
117,767

$
159,511

$
45,163

$
114,348

Royalties:

Mexico

$
21,751

$
—

$
21,751

$
21,127

$
—

$
21,127
United States

22,727

—

22,727

19,113

—

19,113
Canada

11,488

—

11,488

11,870

—

11,870
Australia

6,548

—

6,548

6,692

—

6,692
Africa

1,047

—

1,047

1,588

—

1,588
Chile

—

—

—

950

—

950
Other

5,214

—

5,214

4,058

—

4,058
Total royalties

$
68,775

$
—

$
68,775

$
65,398

$
—

$
65,398
Total streams and royalties

$
226,824

$
40,282

$
186,542

$
224,909

$
45,163

$
179,746

9.11. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

~~FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC)~~ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”) establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under ASC 820 are described below:

Level 1: Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets;

Level 2: Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets; and

Table of Contents

ROYAL GOLD, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

Level 3: Prices or valuation techniques requiring inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (supported by little or no market activity).

The following table sets forth the Company’s financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis (at least annually) by level within the fair value hierarchy.


	As of September 30, 2019
	Carrying		Fair Value
	Amount		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets (In thousands):
Marketable equity securities⁽¹⁾	$	14,970	$	14,970	$	14,200	$	770	$	—

As of December 31, 2017

Carrying

Fair Value


Amount

Total

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3
Assets (In thousands):

Marketable equity securities(1)

$
3,450

$
3,450

$
3,450

$
—

$
—
Total assets

$
3,450

$
3,450

$
—

$
—
Liabilities (In thousands):

Debt(2)

$
427,890

$
401,309

$
401,309

$
—

$
—
Total liabilities

$
401,309

$
401,309

$
—

$
—

⁽¹⁾

~~Included in~~ ~~Other assets~~ ~~on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.~~

⁽²⁾

~~Included in the carrying amount is the equity component of our 2019 Notes in the amount of $77 million, which is included within~~ ~~Additional paid-in capital~~ ~~on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.~~

(1) Included in Other assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~ROYAL GOLD, INC.~~

~~Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

The Company’s marketable equity securities classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy are valued using quoted market prices in active ~~markets. The fair value of the Level 1 marketable equity securities is calculated as the quoted market price of the marketable equity security~~markets multiplied by the quantity of shares held by the Company. The warrants that were part of the term loan funded to a subsidiary of Golden Star Resources Ltd. (“Golden Star”) in July 2015 were exercised during the quarter ended September 30, 2017. The warrants had been classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy ~~as of June 30, 2017.~~are valued each period using the Black-Scholes model. The ~~fair value~~warrants are part of the ~~Golden Star common shares received by the Company upon exercise of the warrants are~~TriStar transaction discussed further in Note 2 and have been classified ~~within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy~~ as of September 30, 2017. The Company sold all of the common shares of Golden Star received upon exercise of the warrants in October 2017. The Company’s debt classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy is valued using quoted prices in an active market.a financial asset instrument. The carrying value of the Company’s revolving credit facility (Note 3)5) approximates fair value as of ~~December 31, 2017.~~September 30, 2019.

As of ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, the Company also had assets that, under certain conditions, are subject to measurement at fair value on a non-recurring basis like those associated with stream and royalty interests, intangible assets and other long-lived assets. For these assets, measurement at fair value in periods subsequent to their initial recognition is applicable if any of these assets are determined to be impaired. If recognition of these assets at their fair value becomes necessary, such measurements will be determined utilizing Level 3 inputs.

~~10.~~12. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Khoemacau Silver Stream Acquisition

As of September 30, 2019, the Company’s conditional funding schedule for $212 million pursuant to its Khoemacau silver stream acquisition made in February 2019 remains subject to certain conditions. On November 5, 2019, the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, RGLD Gold AG, made its first advance payment ($65.8 million) pursuant to the Khoemacau silver stream. Refer to our Fiscal 2019 10-K for further details on the Khoemacau silver stream acquisition.

Ilovica Gold Stream Acquisition

As of ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, the Company’s conditional funding schedule for $163.75 million related to its Ilovica gold stream acquisition made in October 2014 remains subject to certain conditions.

~~Voisey’s Bay~~

The Company indirectly owns a royalty on the Voisey’s Bay mine in Newfoundland and Labrador owned by Vale Newfoundland & Labrador Limited (“VNL”). The royalty is directly owned by the Labrador Nickel Royalty Limited Partnership (“LNRLP”), in which the Company’s wholly-owned indirect subsidiary, Voisey’s Bay Holding Corporation, is the general partner and 90% owner. The remaining 10% interest in LNRLP is owned by Altius Royalty Corporation, a company unrelated to Royal Gold.

On October 6, 2017, LNRLP filed a Fresh as Amended Statement of Claim, amending the original October 16, 2009 Statement of Claim and amendments thereto made in December 2014, in the Supreme Court of Newfoundland and Labrador Trial Division against Vale Inco Limited, now known as Vale Canada Limited, and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Vale Inco Atlantic Sales Limited and VNL, related to calculation of the NSR on the sale of concentrates, including nickel concentrates, from the Voisey’s Bay mine. LNRLP asserts that the defendants have incorrectly calculated the NSR since production at Voisey’s Bay began in late 2005, and since defendants began processing Voisey’s Bay concentrates at the new Long Harbour processing facility, and that the defendants have breached their contractual duties of good faith in several ways. LNRLP requests an order in respect of the correct calculation of future payments, and unspecified damages for non-payment and underpayment of past royalties to the date of the claim, together with additional damages until the date of trial, interest, costs and other damages. The litigation is in the discovery phase, and trial is expected to commence in the second half of calendar 2018.

~~11.SUBSEQUENT EVENT~~

On January 18, 2018 Barrick reported that it is analyzing a revised sanction related to the Pascua-Lama project issued by Chile’s Superintendencia del Medio Ambiente (“SMA”) on January 17, 2018. The sanction is part of a re-evaluation process ordered by Chile’s Environmental Court in 2014 and relates to historical compliance matters at the Pascua-Lama project. According to Barrick, the SMA has not revoked Pascua-Lama’s environmental permit, but has ordered the closure of existing facilities on the Chilean side of the project, in addition to certain monitoring activities.

1418

Table of Contents

~~ROYAL GOLD, INC.~~

~~Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

Barrick also reported that closure of existing surface facilities in Chile is consistent with its plan to advance a prefeasibility study for underground mining operations at Pascua-Lama, which would address a number of community concerns by reducing the overall environmental impact of the project. Barrick reported that it is currently undertaking a number of optimization studies in order to complete the prefeasibility study.

On February 6, 2018, in light of the SMA order to close surface facilities in Chile, and current plans to evaluate an underground mine, Barrick announced it is reclassifying Pascua-Lama’s proven and probable gold reserves of approximately 14 million ounces, which are based on an open pit mine plan, as mineralized material. Barrick reported that it will include further details in its year-end results release on February 14, 2018 and an update on the Pascua-Lama project at its February 22, 2018 Investor Day.

The Company owns a 0.78% to 5.45% sliding-scale net smelter return (“NSR”) gold royalty and a 1.09% NSR copper royalty on the Pascua-Lama project. Our royalty interests are applicable to all gold and copper production from the portion of the Pascua-Lama project lying on the Chilean side of the border. The Company’s carrying value for its royalty interests at Pascua-Lama is approximately $416.8 million as of December 31, 2017.

The Company routinely assesses whether impairment indicators are present for its long-lived assets. A significant reduction in reserves or mineralized material is an indicator of potential impairment. As part of our fiscal 2018 third quarter procedures, we will be evaluating Barrick’s reserves reclassification to assess the recoverability of our carrying value at Pascua-Lama. The Company will also consider further updates from Barrick, including those expected on February 14 and February 22, 2018, as part of our recoverability analysis. Upon completion of our process, the Company may determine an impairment is necessary.

~~Table of Contents~~

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

General

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is intended to provide information to assist you in better understanding and evaluating our financial condition and results of operations. Royal Gold, Inc. (“Royal Gold”, the “Company”, “we”, “us”, or “our”), recommends that you read this MD&A in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, ~~2017~~2019 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on August ~~10, 2017.~~8, 2019 (Fiscal 2019 10-K).

This MD&A contains forward-looking information. You should review our important note about forward-looking statements following this MD&A.

We refer to “GSR,” “NSR,” “NVR,” “metal stream (or “stream”)” and other types of royalty or similar interests throughout this MD&A. These terms are defined in our Fiscal ~~2017~~2019 10-K.

Statement Regarding Third Party Information

Royal Gold does not own, develop, or mine the properties on which it holds stream or royalty interests, except for our interest in the Peak Gold, LLC joint venture (“Peak Gold JV”) as described further in our Fiscal 2019 10-K. Certain information provided in this report, including the Operator’s Production Estimates by Stream and Royalty Interest for Calendar ~~2017~~2019 and Property Developments, has been provided to us by the operators of properties where we own interests or is publicly available information filed by these operators with applicable securities regulatory bodies, including the SEC. Royal Gold has not verified, and is not in a position to verify, and expressly disclaims any responsibility for, the accuracy, completeness or fairness of such third-party information and refers the reader to the public reports filed by the operators for information regarding those properties.

Overview

Royal Gold, together with its subsidiaries, is engaged in the business of acquiring and managing metal streams, royalties, and similar interests. We seek to acquire existing stream and royalty interests or to finance projects that are in production or in the development stage in exchange for stream or royalty interests.

We manage our business under two segments:

Acquisition and Management of Stream Interests — A metal stream is a purchase agreement that provides, in exchange for an upfront deposit payment, the right to purchase all or a portion of one or more metals produced from a mine, at a price determined for the life of the transaction by the purchase agreement. As of ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, we owned seven stream interests, which are on ~~five~~six producing properties and ~~one~~two development stage ~~property.~~properties. Stream interests accounted for approximately ~~69%~~73% and 70%~~, respectively, of~~ our total revenue for the three ~~and six~~ months ended ~~December 31, 2017~~September 30, 2019 and ~~69% and 71%, respectively, of our total revenue for the three and six months ended December 31, 2016.~~2018, respectively. We expect stream interests to continue representing a significant proportion of our total revenue.

Acquisition and Management of Royalty Interests — Royalties are non-operating interests in mining projects that provide the right to revenue or metals produced from the project after deducting specified costs, if any. As of ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, we owned royalty interests on 3435 producing properties, 2214 development stage properties and ~~133~~130 exploration stage properties, of which we consider 5148 to be evaluation stage projects. We use “evaluation stage” to describe exploration stage properties that contain mineralized material and on which operators are engaged in the search for reserves. Royalties accounted for approximately ~~31%~~27% and 30%~~, respectively,~~ of our total revenue for the three ~~and six~~ months ended ~~December 31, 2017~~September 30, 2019 and ~~31% and 29%, respectively, of our total revenue for the three and six months ended December 31, 2016.~~2018, respectively.

We do not conduct mining operations on the properties in which we hold stream and royalty interests, and except for our interest in the Peak Gold ~~LLC joint venture (“Peak Gold JV”),~~JV, we generally are not required to contribute to capital costs, exploration costs, environmental costs or other operating costs on those properties.

Table of Contents

In the ordinary course of business, we engage in a continual review of opportunities to acquire existing stream and royalty interests, to establish new streams and royalties on operating mines, to create new stream and royalty interests through the financing of mine development or exploration, or to acquire companies that hold stream and royalty interests. We currently, and generally at any time, have acquisition opportunities in various stages of active review, including, for example, our engagement of consultants and advisors to analyze particular opportunities, our analysis of technical, financial, legal and other confidential information of particular opportunities, submission of indications of interest and term sheets, participation in preliminary discussions and negotiations and involvement as a bidder in competitive processes.

Our financial results are primarily tied to the price of gold and, to a lesser extent, the price of silver and copper, together with the amounts of production from our producing stage stream and royalty interests. The price of gold, silver, copper and other metals has fluctuated widely in recent years. The marketability and the price of metals are influenced by numerous factors beyond the control of the Company and significant declines in the price of gold, silver or copper could have a material and adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition.

For the three ~~and six~~ months ended ~~December 31, 2017~~September 30, 2019 and ~~2016,~~2018, gold, silver and copper price averages and percentage of revenue by metal were as follows:


	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	December 31, 2017			December 31, 2016			December 31, 2017			December 31, 2016

													Three Months Ended
													September 30, 2019			September 30, 2018
Metal	Average Price		Percentage of Revenue	Average Price		Percentage of Revenue	Average Price		Percentage of Revenue	Average Price		Percentage of Revenue	Average Price		Percentage of Revenue	Average Price		Percentage of Revenue
Gold ($/ounce)	$	1,275	79%	$	1,222	84%	$	1,277	78%	$	1,280	86%	$	1,472	79%	$	1,213	78%
Silver ($/ounce)	$	16.73	9%	$	17.19	11%	$	16.78	9%	$	18.42	9%	$	16.98	9%	$	15.02	10%
Copper ($/pound)	$	3.09	9%	$	2.39	3%	$	2.98	9%	$	2.28	3%	$	2.63	8%	$	2.77	6%
Other		N/A	3%		N/A	2%		N/A	4%		N/A	2%		N/A	4%		N/A	6%

Recent Business Developments

~~U.S. Tax Legislation~~Castelo de Sonhos royalty acquisition

~~On December 22, 2017, H.R. 1, originally known as~~In August 2019, a subsidiary of the ~~Tax Cuts~~Company entered into an agreement with TriStar Gold Inc. and ~~Jobs Act (the “Act”~~its subsidiaries (together “TriStar”) to acquire (i) up to a 1.5% net smelter return (“NSR”) royalty on the Castelo de Sonhos gold project (“CDS”), ~~was enacted~~located in Brazil, and (ii) warrants to purchase up to 19,640,000 common shares of TriStar. Total consideration is $7.5 million and is ~~effective for tax years including January 1, 2018.~~payable over three payments, of which $4.5 million was paid in August 2019. The ~~effects~~second and third payments of $1.5 million each are subject to satisfaction of certain conditions and are payable by November 30, 2019 and March 31, 2020. The NSR royalty is incrementally earned pro-rata with the ~~Act are recognized in~~funding schedule while the ~~period of enactment, or~~warrants to purchase TriStar common shares will be issued pro-rata with the ~~period ending December 31, 2017. Certain other aspects of the Act are not effective for fiscal June 30 companies until July 1, 2018.~~funding schedule.

The Act, among other things, reduced the U.S. corporate income tax rate to 21% starting January 1, 2018. As a United States domiciled company, we expect that the Act will have a positive long-term impact on Royal Gold’s future financial results through the reduction in the U.S. corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% andAggregate funds invested by ~~allowing us to efficiently repatriate future earnings from our foreign subsidiaries.~~ As the Company iswill be used by TriStar primarily to advance CDS to the feasibility stage, including advancing permitting activities. A Preliminary Economic Assessment for CDS was prepared by TriStar in calendar 2018 and was based on a ~~fiscal year tax payer, we applied a blended U.S. federal income tax rate~~total of 2.0 million ounces of mineralized material at an average grade of approximately 28.1% for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2018. The blended percentage was calculated on a pro-rata percentage of the number of days before and after January 1, 2018. The Company’s U.S. statutory federal corporate income tax rate will be 21% for the fiscal year commencing on July 1, 2018 and all future years. We estimate that our effective tax rate in the second half of fiscal 2018 will be between 17% and 23%.

~~As a result of the Act, the Company recorded a net charge (expense) of $26.4 million during the three months ended December 31, 2017. This amount, which is included in~~ ~~Income tax expense~~ on our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income, consists of three components: (i) a $11.5 million charge relating to the one-time mandatory tax on the net accumulated post-1986 untaxed earnings and profits of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries, which we will elect to pay over an eight-year period, (ii) a $2.3 million benefit resulting from the re-measurement of the Company’s net deferred tax assets and liabilities, and (iii) a $17.2 million charge related to re-measurement of the U.S. income tax impacts resulting from foreign uncertain tax positions.1.0 gram per tonne. Refer to Note 72 of our notes to consolidated financial statements for further ~~discussion on the income tax accounting considerations for the Act.~~discussion.

Principal Stream and Royalty Interests

The Company considers both historical and future potential revenues in determining which stream and royalty interests in our portfolio are principal to our business. Estimated future potential revenues from both producing and development

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properties are based on a number of factors, including reserves subject to our stream and royalty interests, production estimates, feasibility studies, metal price assumptions, mine life, legal status and other factors and assumptions, any of which could change and could cause the Company to conclude that one or more of such stream and royalty interests are no longer principal to our business. Currently, our principal producing ~~and development~~ stream and royalty interests are listed alphabetically in the following ~~tables.~~table.

Please refer to our Fiscal ~~2017~~2019 10-K for further discussion of our principal producing ~~and development~~ stream and royalty interests.

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Principal Producing Properties


			Stream or royalty interests
Mine	Location	Operator	(Gold unless otherwise stated)
Andacollo	Region IV, Chile	Compañía Minera Teck Carmen de Andacollo (“Teck”)	Gold stream - 100% of gold produced (until 900,000 ounces delivered; 50% thereafter)
Cortez	Nevada, USA	Nevada Gold Mines LLC ("NGM"), a joint venture between Barrick Gold Corporation ("Barrick") and Newmont Goldcorp Corporation ("Newmont Goldcorp")	GSR1: 0.40% to 5.0% sliding-scale GSR
			GSR2: 0.40% to 5.0% sliding-scale GSR
			GSR3: 0.71% GSR
			NVR1: 4.91% NVR; 4.52% NVR (Crossroads)
Mount Milligan	British Columbia, Canada	Centerra Gold Inc. ("Centerra")	Gold stream - 35.00% of payable gold
			Copper stream - 18.75% of payable copper
Peñasquito	Zacatecas, Mexico	Newmont Goldcorp ~~Inc. (“Goldcorp”)~~	2.0% NSR (gold, silver, lead, zinc)
Pueblo Viejo	Sanchez Ramirez, Dominican Republic	Barrick (60%)	Gold stream - 7.5% of gold produced (until 990,000 ounces delivered; 3.75% thereafter)
			Silver stream - 75% of silver produced (until 50.0 million ounces delivered; 37.5% thereafter)
Rainy River~~(1)~~	Ontario, Canada	New Gold, Inc. (“New Gold”)	Gold stream - 6.5% of gold produced (until 230,000 ounces delivered; 3.25% thereafter)
			Silver stream - 60% of silver produced (until 3.1 million ounces delivered; 30% thereafter)
Wassa ~~and Prestea(2)~~	Western Region of Ghana	Golden Star Resources Ltd. (“Golden Star”)	Gold stream - ~~9.25%~~10.5% of gold produced (until 220,000 ounces delivered; 5.5% thereafter)

⁽¹⁾

New Gold announced commercial production at Rainy River in October 2017. The Company reclassified the Rainy River stream interest to production stage from development stage during the three months ended December 31, 2017.

⁽²⁾

~~Gold stream percentage increased to 10.5% effective January 1, 2018.~~

~~Principal Development Stage Properties~~

Operators’ Production Estimates by Stream and Royalty Interest for Calendar ~~2017~~2019

We ~~received~~generally receive annual production estimates from many of the operators of our producing mines during the first ~~calendar~~ quarter of ~~2017.~~each calendar year. In some instances, an operator may revise their original calendar year guidance throughout the year. The following table shows ~~such~~current production estimates for our principal producing properties for calendar ~~2017~~2019 as well as the actual production reported to us by the various operators through ~~December 31, 2017.~~September 30, 2019. The estimates and production reports are prepared by the operators of the mining properties. We do not participate in the preparation or

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calculation of the operators’ estimates or production reports and have not independently assessed or verified, and disclaim all responsibility for, the accuracy of such information. Please refer to “Property Developments” below within this MD&A for further discussion on our principal producing and development stage properties.

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Operators’ Estimated and Actual Production by Stream and Royalty Interest for Calendar ~~2017~~2019

Principal Producing Properties

Calendar 2019 Operator’s Production

Estimate⁽¹⁾

Actual⁽²⁾

Gold

Silver

Base Metals

Gold

Silver

Base Metals

Stream/Royalty

(oz.)

(lbs.)

(oz.)

(lbs.)

Stream:

Andacollo⁽³⁾

62,000

40,400

Mount Milligan⁽⁴⁾

155,000 - 175,000

137,100

Copper

65 - 75 million

53.1 million

Pueblo Viejo⁽⁵⁾

550,000 - 600,000

N/A

411,000

N/A

Rainy River⁽⁶⁾

245,000 - 270,000

202,700

214,200

Wassa⁽⁷⁾

150,000 - 160,000

114,800

Royalty:

Cortez GSR1

115,500

86,800

Cortez GSR2

70,200

17,900

Cortez GSR3

183,700

104,100

Cortez NVR1

156,900

90,900

Cortez NVR1C

2,000

600

Peñasquito⁽⁸⁾

165,000

25 million

71,000

9.2 million

Lead

180 million

63 million

Zinc

245 million

108 million

Calendar 2017 Operator’s Production Estimate

Calendar 2017 Operator’s Production

Estimate(1)

Actual(2)

Gold

Silver

Base Metals

Gold

Silver

Base Metals
Stream/Royalty

(oz.)

(oz.)

(lbs.)

(oz.)

(oz.)

(lbs.)
Stream:

Andacollo(3)

61,600





54,500




Mount Milligan(4)

235,000 - 255,000

55 - 65 million

164,000

41.3 million
Pueblo Viejo(5)

635,000 - 650,000

Not provided

468,000

Not provided

Wassa and Prestea

255,000 - 280,000

267,600

Royalty:

Cortez GSR1

102,200

81,800

Cortez GSR2

1,600

1,000

Cortez GSR3

103,800

82,800

Cortez NVR1

63,900

43,800

Peñasquito(6)

410,000

Not provided

393,000

16.0 million

Lead





125 million

96.8 million
Zinc





325 million

263.2 million

(1)

⁽¹⁾

Production estimates received from our operators are for calendar ~~2017.~~2019. Please refer to our cautionary statement regarding third party information at the beginning of this MD&A. There can be no assurance that production estimates received from our operators will be achieved. Please also refer to our cautionary language regarding forward-looking statements following this MD&A, as well as the Risk Factors identified in Part I, Item 1A, of our Fiscal ~~2017~~2019 10-K for information regarding factors that could affect actual results.

(2)

⁽²⁾

Actual production figures shown are from our operators and cover the period January 1, ~~2017~~2019 through ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, unless otherwise ~~noted.~~

noted in footnotes to this table.

(3)

⁽³⁾

The estimated and actual production figures shown for Andacollo are contained gold in concentrate.

(4)

⁽⁴⁾

The estimated and actual production figures shown for Mount Milligan are payable gold and copper in concentrate. ~~Actual production shown is for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Full calendar year 2017 information was not available from the operator as of the date of this report.~~

(5)

⁽⁵⁾

The estimated and actual production figures shown for Pueblo Viejo are payable gold in doré and represent Barrick’s 60% interest in Pueblo Viejo. The operator did not provide estimated or actual silver production. ~~Actual~~

(6)	The estimated and actual production figures shown is for ~~the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Full calendar year 2017 information was not available from the operator as of the date of this report.~~ Rainy River are produced gold and silver in doré.

(7)	⁽⁶⁾The estimated and actual production figures shown for Wassa are payable gold in doré.

(8)

The estimated and actual gold and silver production figures shown for Peñasquito are payable gold and silver in concentrate and doré. The estimated lead and zinc production figures shown are payable lead and zinc in concentrate. The ~~operator did not provide~~ estimated ~~silver production. Actual~~ production figures shown isare for the ~~nine months ended~~period April 18, 2019 through December 31, 2019, while actual production figures shown are for the period April 18, 2019 through September 30, ~~2017. Full calendar year 2017 information was not available from~~2019, per the ~~operator as of the date of this report.~~

operator.

Property Developments

The following property development information is provided by the operators of the property, either to Royal Gold or in various documents made publicly available.

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Stream Interests

Andacollo

Gold stream deliveries from Andacollo were approximately ~~13,500~~9,700 ounces of gold for the three months ended ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, compared to approximately ~~9,200~~15,300 ounces of gold for the three months ended ~~December 31, 2016. The production variability between quarters is typical for Andacollo resulting~~September 30, 2018. Decreased deliveries resulted from ~~concentrate shipment timing.~~

~~Teck indicated that they expect grades to continue to gradually decline, which they expect to be offset largely by planned throughput improvements~~differences in the ~~mill. The current life~~timing of ~~mine for~~shipments and settlements during the periods.

On October 13, 2019, Teck reported the Teck Carmen de Andacollo ~~is expected to continue until 2034. Additional permitting or amendments to existing permits will be~~Workers Union gave notice that a strike would commence on October 14, 2019. On October 23, 2019, Teck confirmed that operations were suspended on October 14,

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2019, with the exception of essential activities required to ~~execute~~maintain safety and the ~~life~~environment. Negotiations with the union are ongoing. We anticipate the impact of ~~mine plan.~~the strike to be reflected beginning with our March 2020 quarterly results as we generally receive gold deliveries from Andacollo within five months of concentrate shipment.

Khoemacau Copper Silver Project

According to Khoemacau Copper Mining (Pty.) Limited (“KCM”), they continued to make good progress at the Khoemacau Project (“Khoemacau”) in Botswana. According to KCM, the project reached approximately 11% of construction completion at the end of the first quarter with 67% of the capital committed. Also according to KCM, work at site primarily has been focused on excavation of the South, Central and North boxcuts to provide access to the Zone 5 orebody, with handover of the first boxcut to the underground mining contractor targeted for the end of calendar 2019. KCM reported that additional construction is underway on surface infrastructure at Zone 5 and the access and infrastructure corridor between Zone 5 and the Boseto mill, while work on refurbishment of the Boseto plant is scheduled to commence shortly.

On November 5, 2019, Royal Gold made the first advance payment of $65.8 million under the Khoemacau stream agreement. Royal Gold’s remaining commitment ranges from $146.2 million for the base stream of 80% of payable silver up to $199.2 million should KCM elect to increase the stream from 80% to 100% of payable silver. Further payments are subject to certain conditions and are scheduled to be made on a quarterly basis using an agreed formula and certification process as project spending progresses. The project cost remains on budget according to KCM’s forecast and KCM expects the first shipment of concentrate by mid-2021.

Mount Milligan

Gold stream deliveries from Mount Milligan were approximately ~~17,600~~14,000 ounces of gold for the three months ended ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, compared to approximately 23,500 ounces of gold for the three months ended December 31, 2016. The decrease during the current quarter is primarily attributable to the reduced stream rate of 35% versus 52.5% in the prior year quarter.

~~Copper stream deliveries from Mount Milligan were approximately 1,245 tonnes during the three months ended December 31, 2017. Copper stream deliveries began during the June 2017 quarter.~~

On December 27, 2017, Centerra reported that mill processing operations at Mount Milligan were temporarily suspended due to lack of sufficient water resources, as a result of Mount Milligan experiencing a drier than normal spring and summer in calendar 2017, with lower than average spring snow melt. On February 5, 2018, Centerra reported that it recommenced mill processing operations at partial capacity. During the temporary shutdown, Centerra completed a number of steps to increase the flow of water into the tailings storage facility (“TSF”) from which the Mount Milligan mill draws all of its water requirements to supply milling operations. Such steps included adding pumps to existing water wells, increasing pump sizes to increase the flow rate, and drilling additional wells. Current make-up water sources for the TSF are from normal surface run-off, groundwater wells internal to the TSF, and from base underdrain towers that access process water underlying the TSF.

Centerra expects to resume milling operations at full capacity in April 2018, when additional fresh water becomes available from surface run-off after the spring melt. As a further, longer-term mitigation measure, Centerra received an amendment to Mount Milligan’s Environmental Assessment to allow pumping of water from a nearby lake (Phillip Lake) and has received additional related permits.

Due to the timing of shipments and deliveries of gold and copper, the impact of the temporary shutdown is likely to be reflected in Royal Gold’s mid-calendar 2018 results, as some of the deliveries of gold and copper that were expected in the June through August 2018 period will be deferred to a later date.

~~Pueblo Viejo~~

~~Gold stream deliveries from Pueblo Viejo were~~ approximately 12,600 ounces of gold for the three months ended ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2018. Copper stream deliveries from Mount Milligan were approximately 2.4 million pounds during the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared to approximately ~~15,600~~1.6 million pounds during the three months ended September 30, 2018.

Centerra reported that favorable rainfall combined with access to surface water during the year from Philip Lake 1 and Rainbow Creek resulted in more than twice the amount of stored water volume than last year at this time. In addition, Centerra reported success in its groundwater exploration program, and subject to the receipt of permits, expects to bring new groundwater sources on line in December. With these improvements and prudent water management, Centerra currently expects that Mount Milligan should not need to slow production in the first calendar quarter of 2020 to conserve water, as was required in the two prior years.

Centerra also reported that it continues to work on life-of-mine water sources with relevant stakeholders, and formal applications and government review are expected to commence later in calendar 2019.

On October 30, 2019, Centerra reported that issues identified with decreasing long-term gold recoveries and increased costs in the short to medium-term led it to record an impairment charge against the carrying value of the Mount Milligan mine using a financial analysis under applicable accounting standards, and that it has begun a comprehensive technical review of the operation with the objective of publishing an updated 43-101 technical report in the coming months. According to Centerra, the updated 43-101 report will include studies to optimize the economics of the mine as well as incorporate results of exploration drilling through 2019. While Centerra acknowledged that the extent of any changes in reserves and mineralized material cannot be precisely determined until all relevant studies and modeling have been completed, it expects that the mineral reserves and mineralized material at Mount Milligan will be materially reduced. It is unclear at this point what impact, if any, the results of this work will have on the carrying value of our stream interest at Mount Milligan.

Pueblo Viejo

Gold stream deliveries from Pueblo Viejo were approximately 10,500 ounces of gold for the three months ended ~~December 31, 2016. Barrick reported Pueblo Viejo experienced lower ore grades processed during~~September 30, 2019, compared to approximately 8,900 ounces of gold for the ~~2017 calendar year, partially offset by higher recovery rates during the prior calendar year.~~

three months ended September 30, 2018. Silver stream deliveries were approximately ~~260,200~~462,500 ounces of silver for the three months ended ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, compared to approximately ~~322,500~~509,500 ounces of silver for the three months ended ~~December 31, 2016. The decrease in deliveries during the three months ended December 31, 2017 was due to the timing of payments from Barrick’s third-party refiners.~~ September 30, 2018.

~~Rainy River~~

On October 19, 2017, New Gold announced that the Rainy River mine achieved commercial production, approximately two weeks ahead of schedule. Mining and milling activities at Rainy River continued to progress well during the December

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~~2017 quarter. The milling rate for~~Barrick expects Pueblo Viejo’s plant expansion prefeasibility study to be completed by the ~~month~~end of ~~December averaged 21,000 tonnes per day, which is~~calendar 2019. Barrick expects the ~~nameplate capacity for~~plant expansion project could significantly increase throughput, allowing the ~~facility.~~ mine to maintain average annual gold production of approximately 800,000 ounces after calendar 2022 (on a 100% basis).

~~RGLD~~

Rainy River

Gold ~~AG (“RGLD Gold”) began receiving gold and silver deliveries during the quarter ended December 31, 2017. Stream~~stream deliveries from Rainy River were approximately ~~1,000~~4,400 ounces of gold ~~and~~for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared to approximately ~~11,900~~3,600 ounces of gold for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Silver stream deliveries were approximately 49,400 ounces of silver for the three months ended ~~December 31, 2017.~~September 30, 2019, compared to approximately 35,200 ounces of silver for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The increase resulted from the continued improved operating performance at Rainy River.

New ~~Gold’s focus~~Gold reported mill throughput for ~~calendar 2018 will be on optimizing throughput~~the first quarter averaged 24,500 tonnes per day, which is the first full quarter the mill has operated at the ~~mill,~~target range of 24,000 tonnes per day. Ore production during the first quarter included planned lower grade ore from Phase 2 as well as ~~advancing initiatives~~remaining higher-grade ore from Phase 1, as mining operations continued the transition from Phase 1 to ~~potentially increase production. In calendar 2018,~~Phase 2 of the mine plan. New Gold expects grades in the December 2019 quarter to ~~produce~~decline and average between ~~310,000~~0.8 and ~~350,000 ounces of gold at Rainy River.~~1.0 grams per tonne as ore from Phase 1 is now mined out. New Gold ~~estimates~~also reported that ~~approximately 21,500 ounces~~gold recovery averaged 91% for the first quarter in-line with the mine plan, and efforts continue to focus on achieving additional circuit optimizations as well as the commissioning of ~~gold~~the gravity circuit, which could further improve recoveries.

New Gold reported that it continued to advance a comprehensive mine optimization study that includes a review of alternative open pit and ~~185,000 ounces~~underground mining scenarios, and it expects to release the results of ~~silver will be delivered to RGLD Gold in calendar 2018.~~this study by no later than mid-February 2020.

Wassa ~~and Prestea~~

Gold stream deliveries from Wassa ~~and Prestea~~ were approximately ~~6,000~~2,900 ounces of gold for the three months ended ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, compared to approximately ~~4,300~~4,200 ounces of gold for the three months ended ~~December 31, 2016.~~

September 30, 2018. Golden Star ~~expects~~reported the decrease in production at Wassa ~~to become an underground-only operation by the end of January 2018, although 341,000 tonnes~~was primarily a result of lower ~~grade, stockpiled ore will continue to be fed to the processing plant during the first nine months of calendar 2018.~~

~~Golden Star stated that mining rates at Wassa underground continued to be strong in the December 2017 quarter at approximately 1,900 tonnes per day, which represents a 36% outperformance~~grades and recoveries compared to the ~~planned~~prior year quarter, which was partially offset by an increase in the mining rate for calendar 2017 of 1,400 tonnes per day and head grade delivered to the processing plant increased by 55% in the fourth quarter of calendar 2017 when compared to the third quarter of calendar 2017. The targeted mining rate forat Wassa ~~Underground in calendar 2018 is 2,700-3,000 tonnes per day.~~ underground.

~~The Prestea open pits were expected to complete gold production at the end of calendar 2017 but~~

Golden Star ~~now anticipates that mining will continue until late in the March 2018 quarter and stockpiled ore will continue to be processed until the end of the first half of~~announced they completed their calendar ~~2018.~~

Golden Star reported that the Prestea underground has been delivering a consistent quantity of material to the processing plant throughout December 2017 and early January 2018. From mid-January 2018, the grade is expected to increase significantly as the final draw down of the first stope begins. Golden Star forecasts that ore production will continue to ramp-up.

~~Under our stream agreement, the gold stream percentage~~2019 drilling program at Wassa and ~~Prestea increased to 10.5%, from 9.25%, effective January 1, 2018.~~the geological interpretations have commenced. Golden Star ~~expects consolidated~~plans to use the new geological interpretations for mineral resource estimations that will be updated for Golden Star’s calendar ~~2018 gold production to range between 230,000~~2019 year-end resource and ~~255,000 ounces.~~reserve statements.

Royalty Interests

Cortez

Production attributable to our royalty interest at Cortez ~~increased approximately 72% over~~was 35,100 ounces of gold for the ~~prior year quarter. Waste stripping~~three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to 7,000 ounces of gold for the three months ended September 30, 2018, as a result of production ramping-up at the Crossroads deposit, which is subject to our NVR1C, GSR2 and portions of our NVR1 ~~(Crossroads)~~ and ~~GSR2~~GSR3 royalty ~~interests, restarted in October 2016 and is currently ongoing. Barrick expects~~interests. Initial ore production ~~from~~at Crossroads ~~to begin in late~~was realized during calendar 2018.

~~Pascua-Lama~~

~~On January 18, 2018~~ Barrick reported that ~~it is analyzing a revised sanction related~~Crossroads transitioned from pre-production in the June 2019 quarter to production status in the Pascua-Lama project issued by Chile’s Superintendencia del Medio Ambiente (“SMA”) on January 17, 2018. The sanction is part of a re-evaluation process ordered by Chile’s Environmental Court in 2014 and relates to historical compliance matters at the Pascua-Lama project. According to Barrick, the SMA has not revoked Pascua-Lama’s environmental permit, but has ordered the closure of existing facilities on the Chilean side of the project, in addition to certain monitoring activities.September 2019 quarter.

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~~reducing the overall environmental impact of the project. Barrick reported that it is currently undertaking a number of optimization studies in order to complete the prefeasibility study.~~Peñasquito

On February 6, 2018, in light of the SMA order to close surface facilities in Chile, and current plans to evaluate an underground mine, Barrick announced it is reclassifying Pascua-Lama’s proven and probable gold reserves of approximately 14 million ounces, which are based on an open pit mine plan, as mineralized material.~~Barrick reported that it will include further details in its year-end results release on February 14, 2018 and an update on the Pascua-Lama project at its February 22, 2018 Investor Day.~~

~~Peñasquito~~

Gold production attributable to our royalty interest at Peñasquito decreased approximately ~~62%~~30%, silver and zinc production attributable to our royalty interest increased approximately 10% and 67%, respectively, when compared to the prior year quarter, ~~as a higher proportion of lower grade ore and stockpiled material fed the mill during the current quarter. Zinc production increased approximately 34% during the current quarter,~~ while ~~silver and~~ lead production ~~were~~was in line with the prior year quarter.

Newmont Goldcorp ~~expects calendar 2018 gold~~reported that production at Peñasquito ~~to be 310,000 ounces, which is lower compared to calendar 2017 (410,000 ounces),~~was impacted during the first quarter due to the ~~continued processing~~suspension of ~~low-grade stockpiles. Goldcorp anticipates~~operations on September 14 resulting from an illegal blockade of the ~~feed will then revert~~mine by a trucking contractor and some members of the Cedros community and was related to ~~higher grade ore~~the same dispute that resulted in ~~calendar~~a suspension of operations from April 29, 2019 ~~when the Phase 6D stripping program exposes higher-grade ore in the Peñasco pit.~~

~~On January~~through June 17, ~~2018,~~2019. Newmont Goldcorp stated ~~that~~ the ~~Pyrite Leach Project (“PLP”) was 62% complete~~this most recent blockade impacted Peñasquito’s production during the first quarter by approximately 11,000 gold ounces, 1.7 million silver ounces, 13.7 million pounds of lead and 22.8 million pounds of zinc, and is expected to ~~achieve commercial production in~~impact Newmont Goldcorp’s full-year results for the ~~December 2018 quarter, ahead~~operation.

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Newmont Goldcorp ~~expects~~reported that the ~~PLP~~blockade was lifted on October 8, 2019 and concentrate shipments resumed immediately thereafter. Newmont Goldcorp further stated the site has now returned to ~~add production of approximately one million ounces of gold and 44 million ounces of silver over the current life of the mine.~~full operation after a 10-day restart process, which commenced on October 22, 2019.

Results of Operations

Quarter Ended ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, Compared to Quarter Ended ~~December 31, 2016~~September 30, 2018

For the quarter ended ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, we recorded net ~~loss~~income attributable to Royal Gold stockholders of ~~$14.8~~$70.5 million, or ~~($0.23)~~$1.07 per basic and diluted share, as compared to net income attributable to Royal Gold stockholders of ~~$28.1~~$15.0 million, or ~~$0.43~~$0.23 per basic and diluted share, for the quarter ended ~~December 31, 2016.~~September 30, 2018. The ~~decrease~~increase in our earnings per share was primarily attributable to (i) an increase in ~~our income tax expense due to the impacts of the Act and~~revenue, (ii) a ~~non-cash functional currency election at certain of our Canadian subsidiaries. The~~ decrease in our ~~earnings per share for the quarter as result of the increased~~interest expense, and (iii) discrete income tax ~~expense was partially offset by an increase in our revenue, which is~~benefits recognized, primarily attributable to recent Swiss tax reform, each discussed further below. The effects of the Act and the non-cash functional currency election for income tax purposes was additional income tax expense of approximately $26.4 million and $15.9 million, respectively, or $0.40 and $0.24 per basic share, respectively. Refer to “Recent Business Developments” above and Note 7 of our notes to consolidated financial statements for further discussion on the Act.

For the quarter ended ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, we recognized total revenue of ~~$114.4~~$118.8 million, which is comprised of stream revenue of ~~$79.3~~$87.0 million and royalty revenue of ~~$35.1~~$31.8 million at an average gold price of ~~$1,275~~$1,472 per ounce, an average silver price of ~~$16.73~~$16.98 per ounce and an average copper price of ~~$3.09~~$2.63 per pound. This is compared to total revenue of ~~$107.0~~$100.0 million for the three months ended ~~December 31, 2016,~~September 30, 2018, which was comprised of stream revenue of ~~$74.0~~$70.0 million and royalty revenue of ~~$33.0~~$30.0 million, at an average gold price of ~~$1,222~~$1,213 per ounce, an average silver price of ~~$17.19~~$15.02 per ounce and an average copper price of ~~$2.39~~$2.77 per ~~pound for the quarter ended December 31, 2016.~~pound. Revenue and the

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corresponding production attributable to our stream and royalty interests for the quarter ended ~~December 31, 2017~~September 30, 2019 compared to the quarter ended ~~December 31, 2016~~September 30, 2018 are as follows:

Revenue and Reported Production Subject to Our Stream and Royalty Interests

Quarter Ended ~~December 31, 2017~~September 30, 2019 and ~~2016~~2018

(In thousands, except reported production ozs. and lbs.)


		Three Months Ended				Three Months Ended
		September 30, 2019				September 30, 2018
				Reported				Reported
Stream/Royalty	Metal(s)	Revenue		Production⁽¹⁾		Revenue		Production⁽¹⁾
Stream⁽²⁾:
Mount Milligan		$	30,497			$	8,847
	Gold			16,600	oz.			5,500	oz.
	Copper			2.4	Mlbs.			837,100	lbs.
Pueblo Viejo		$	21,618			$	19,486
	Gold			9,500	oz.			9,200	oz.
	Silver			475,600	oz.			540,200	oz.
Andacollo	Gold	$	20,604	14,000	oz.	$	27,743	22,700	oz.
Rainy River		$	7,166			$	5,900
	Gold			4,600	oz.			4,500	oz.
	Silver			34,500	oz.			31,500	oz.
Wassa	Gold	$	5,319	3,600	oz.	$	5,325	4,300	oz.
Other⁽³⁾	Gold	$	1,777	1,200	oz.	$	2,736	2,200	oz.
Total stream revenue		$	86,981			$	70,037

Royalty⁽²⁾:
Peñasquito		$	4,420			$	3,637
	Gold			35,500	oz.			50,300	oz.
	Silver			4.6	Moz.			4.2	Moz.
	Lead			29.7	Mlbs.			29.9	Mlbs.
	Zinc			107.1	Mlbs.			64.2	Mlbs.
Cortez	Gold	$	4,417	35,100	oz.	$	603	7,000	oz.
Other⁽³⁾	Various	$	22,956	N/A		$	25,715	N/A
Total royalty revenue		$	31,793			$	29,955
Total Revenue		$	118,774			$	99,992

Three Months Ended

Three Months Ended

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

Reported

Reported
Stream/Royalty

Metal(s)

Revenue

Production(1)

Revenue

Production(1)
Stream(2):

Pueblo Viejo

$
26,355

$
26,437

Gold

14,500
oz.

13,700
oz.

Silver

469,600
oz.

543,300
oz.
Mount Milligan

Gold

$
21,632

12,600
oz.

$
31,664

25,700
oz.

Copper

1.8
Mlbs.

N/A

Andacollo

Gold

$
21,601

17,000
oz.

$
10,985

9,200
oz.
Wassa and Prestea

Gold

$
8,629

6,800
oz.

$
4,921

4,000
oz.
Rainy River

Gold

$
1,070

800
oz.

$
N/A

N/A

Total stream revenue

$
79,287

$
74,007

Royalty(2):

Peñasquito

$
6,190

$
7,134

Gold

71,100
oz.

185,400
oz.

Silver

5.1
Moz.

5.0
Moz.

Lead

33.4
Mlbs.

33.6
Mlbs.

Zinc

94.4
Mlbs.

70.5
Mlbs.
Cortez

Gold

$
2,934

25,000
oz.

$
1,834

14,500
oz.
Other(3)

Various

$
25,937

N/A

$
23,986

N/A

Total royalty revenue

$
35,061

$
32,954

Total Revenue

$
114,348

$
106,961

(1)

⁽¹⁾

Reported production relates to the amount of metal sales subject to our stream and royalty interests for the three months ended ~~December 31, 2017~~September 30, 2019 and ~~2016,~~2018, and may differ from the operators’ public reporting.

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(2)

⁽²⁾

Refer to “Property Developments” above for further discussion on our principal stream and royalty interests.

(3)

⁽³⁾

Individually, no stream or royalty included within the “Other” category for royalties contributed greater than 5% of our total revenue for either period.

The increase in our total revenue for the three months ended ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, compared with the three months ended ~~December 31, 2016,~~September 30, 2018, resulted primarily from an increase in our stream revenue and an increase in the average gold ~~silver~~ and ~~copper~~silver prices. The increase in our stream revenue was primarily attributable to ~~increased~~an increase in gold ~~production~~and copper sales at ~~Andacollo and Wassa and Prestea, and new gold production from our Rainy River stream,~~Mount Milligan. This increase was partially offset by ~~a production (gold) decrease~~lower gold sales at Mount Milligan. Silver deliveries from Rainy River began during our December 2017 quarter with silver sales anticipated to begin in the March 2018 quarter. Copper deliveries from Mount Milligan began during our June 2017 quarter.

~~Table of Contents~~

Gold and silver ounces and tonnes of copper purchased and sold during the three months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, and gold and silver ounces and tonnes of copper in inventory as of December 31, 2017, and June 30, 2017, for our streaming interests were as follows:

Three Months Ended

Three Months Ended

As of

As of

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2017

June 30, 2017
Gold Stream

Purchases (oz.)

Sales (oz.)

Purchases (oz.)

Sales (oz.)

Inventory (oz.)

Inventory (oz.)
Mount Milligan

17,700

12,700

23,500

25,700

5,200

100
Andacollo

13,500

17,000

9,200

9,200

—

100
Pueblo Viejo

12,600

14,500

15,600

13,700

8,500

12,900
Wassa and Prestea

6,000

6,800

4,300

4,000

500

1,000
Rainy River

1,000

800

—

—

200

—
Total

50,800

51,800

52,600

52,600

14,400

14,100

Three Months Ended

Three Months Ended

As of

As of

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2017

June 30, 2017
Silver Stream

Purchases (oz.)

Sales (oz.)

Purchases (oz.)

Sales (oz.)

Inventory (oz.)

Inventory (oz.)
Pueblo Viejo

260,200

469,600

322,500

543,300

260,800

536,800
Rainy River

11,900

—

—

—

11,900

—
Total

272,100

469,600

322,500

543,300

272,700

536,800

Three Months Ended

Three Months Ended

As of

As of

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2017

June 30, 2017
Copper Stream

Purchases (tonnes)

Sales (tonnes)

Purchases (tonnes)

Sales (tonnes)

Inventory (tonnes)

Inventory (tonnes)
Mount Milligan

1,245

819

N/A

N/A

426

—

~~Our royalty revenue increased during the quarter ended December 31, 2017, compared with the quarter ended December 31, 2016, primarily~~Andacollo due to ~~an increase in the average gold, silver and copper prices.~~timing of deliveries. Please refer to “Property Developments” earlier within this MD&A for further discussion on recent developments regarding properties covered by certain of our stream and royalty interests.

Gold and silver ounces and copper pounds purchased and sold during the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, and gold and silver ounces and copper pounds in inventory as of September 30, 2019, and June 30, 2019, for our streaming interests were as follows:


	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended		As of	As of
	September 30, 2019		September 30, 2018		September 30, 2019	June 30, 2019
Gold Stream	Purchases (oz.)	Sales (oz.)	Purchases (oz.)	Sales (oz.)	Inventory (oz.)	Inventory (oz.)
Mount Milligan	14,000	16,600	12,600	5,500	4,500	7,100
Pueblo Viejo	10,500	9,500	8,900	9,200	10,500	9,500
Andacollo	9,700	14,000	15,300	22,700	100	4,300
Wassa	2,900	3,600	4,200	4,300	700	1,500
Rainy River	4,400	4,600	3,600	4,500	1,600	1,800
Other	1,400	1,200	2,300	2,200	600	400
Total	42,900	49,500	46,900	48,400	18,000	24,600

	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended		As of	As of
	September 30, 2019		September 30, 2018		September 30, 2019	June 30, 2019
Silver Stream	Purchases (oz.)	Sales (oz.)	Purchases (oz.)	Sales (oz.)	Inventory (oz.)	Inventory (oz.)
Pueblo Viejo	462,500	475,600	509,500	540,200	462,500	475,600
Rainy River	49,400	34,500	35,200	31,500	51,400	36,500
Total	511,900	510,100	544,700	571,700	513,900	512,100

	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended		As of	As of
	September 30, 2019		September 30, 2018		September 30, 2019	June 30, 2019
Copper Stream	Purchases (Mlbs.)	Sales (Mlbs.)	Purchases (Mlbs.)	Sales (Mlbs.)	Inventory (Mlbs.)	Inventory (Mlbs.)
Mount Milligan	2.4	2.4	1.6	0.8	0.8	0.8

Cost of sales, ~~decreased~~which excludes depreciation, depletion and amortization, increased to ~~$19.9~~$20.1 million for the three months ended ~~December 31, 2017~~September 30, 2019 from ~~$22.5~~$16.5 million for the three months ended ~~December 31, 2016.~~September 30, 2018. The ~~decrease~~increase was primarily due to ~~decreased~~increased gold and copper sales from Mount Milligan. Cost of sales is specific to our stream agreements and is the result of RGLD ~~Gold’s~~Gold AG’s purchase of gold, silver and copper for a cash payment. The cash payment for gold from Mount Milligan is the lesser of $435 per ounce or the prevailing market price of gold when purchased, while the cash payment for our other streams is a set contractual percentage of the gold, silver or copper ~~(Mount Milligan)~~ spot price near the date of metal delivery.

General and administrative expenses ~~increased~~decreased to ~~$9.6~~$7.4 million for the three months ended ~~December 31, 2017~~September 30, 2019 from ~~$7.5~~$9.9 million for the three months ended ~~December 31, 2016.~~September 30, 2018. The ~~increase~~decrease during the current quarter was primarily due to ~~an increase~~a decrease in legal costs primarily attributable to the Voisey’s Bay royalty calculation dispute and ~~litigation costs of approximately $1.7 million.~~settlement, which was settled during the three months ended September 30, 2018.

Depreciation, depletion and amortization ~~increased~~decreased to ~~$42.0~~$38.7 million for the three months ended ~~December 31, 2017~~September 30, 2019 from ~~$39.5~~$42.6 million for the three months ended ~~December 31, 2016.~~September 30, 2018. The ~~increase~~decrease was primarily attributable to ~~increased gold sales at Andacollo and Wassa and Prestea, which resulted in additional depletion of approximately $6.6 million. This increase was partially offset by~~ a decrease in gold sales at ~~Mount Milligan, which resulted in a decrease in depletion of approximately $3.2 million.~~Andacollo, when compared to the prior year quarter.

Interest and other ~~income~~expense decreased to ~~$0.6~~$2.8 million for the three months ended ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, from ~~$7.5~~$7.9 million for the three months ended ~~December 31, 2016.~~September 30, 2018. The decrease was primarily ~~due~~attributable to lower interest expense as a ~~gain recognized ($3.4 million) on consideration received as part~~result of ~~the termination of our Phoenix Gold Project streaming interest during~~a decrease in average debt amounts outstanding when compared to the prior period. ~~Refer to~~As discussed in our Fiscal ~~2017~~2019 10-K, ~~for discussion on~~ the ~~Phoenix Gold Project restructuring. The decrease in interest and other income was also~~Company settled the $370 million aggregate principal amount due ~~to consideration received as part of a legal settlement and termination of a non-principal royalty of approximately $2.8 million during the prior period.~~

During the three months ended December 31, 2017, we recognized income tax expense totaling $48.4 million compared with an income tax expense of $5.0 million during the three months ended December 31, 2016. This resulted in an effective tax rate of 148.5% in the current period, compared with 15.7% in the quarter ended December 31, 2016. The increase in the effective tax rate for the three months ended December 31, 2017 is primarily attributable to the effects of

under its convertible senior notes that

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~~the Act and a non-cash functional currency election at certain of our Canadian subsidiaries.~~matured in June 2019. Refer to ~~“Recent Business Developments” above and~~ Note 75 of our notes to consolidated financial statements for further discussion on our outstanding debt.

During the ~~Act.~~

~~Six Months Ended December 31, 2017, Compared to Six Months Ended December 31, 2016~~

~~For the six~~three months ended ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, we recorded net income attributable to Royal Gold stockholders of $13.9 million, or $0.21 per basic and diluted share, as compared to net income attributable to Royal Gold stockholders of $57.9 million, or $0.89 per basic share and $0.88 per diluted share, for the six months ended December 31, 2016. The decrease in our earnings per share was primarily attributable torecognized an ~~increase in our~~ income tax expense due to the impacts of the Act and a non-cash functional currency election at certain of our Canadian subsidiaries. The effects of the Act and the non-cash functional currency election for income tax purposes was additionalbenefit totaling $23.5 million compared with income tax expense of approximately $26.4 million and $15.9 million, respectively, or $0.40 and $0.24 per basic share, respectively. Refer to “Recent Business Developments” above and Note 7 of our notes to consolidated financial statements for further discussion on the Act.

For the six months ended December 31, 2017, we recognized total revenue of $226.8 million, which is comprised of stream revenue of $158.0 million and royalty revenue of $68.8 million, at an average gold price of $1,277 per ounce, an average silver price of $16.78 per ounce and an average copper price of $2.98 per pound. This is compared to total revenue of $224.9 million for the six months ended December 31, 2016, which is comprised of stream revenue of $159.5 million and royalty revenue of $65.4 million, at an average gold price of $1,280 per ounce, an average silver price of $18.42 per ounce and an average copper price of $2.28 per pound. Revenue and the corresponding production attributable to our stream and royalty interests for the six months ended December 31, 2016 compared to the six months ended December 31, 2016 is as follows:

~~Revenue and Reported Production Subject to Our Royalty and Stream Interests~~

~~Six Months Ended December 31, 2017 and 2016~~

~~(In thousands, except reported production ozs. and lbs.)~~

Six Months Ended

Six Months Ended

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

Reported

Reported
Stream/Royalty

Metal(s)

Revenue

Production(1)

Revenue

Production(1)
Stream(2):

Mount Milligan

$
53,584

$
70,050

Gold

31,300
oz.

54,600
oz.

Copper

4.4
Mlbs.

N/A

Pueblo Viejo

$
51,758

$
47,387

Gold

27,400
oz.

24,600
oz.

��
Silver

1.0
Moz.

866,600
oz.
Andacollo

Gold

$
33,938

26,700
oz.

$
31,154

24,400
oz.
Wassa and Prestea

Gold

$
17,699

13,900
oz.

$
10,920

8,600
oz.
Rainy River

Gold

$
1,070

800
oz.

N/A

N/A

Total stream revenue

$
158,049

$
159,511

Royalty(2):

Peñasquito

$
13,986

$
12,955

Gold

205,100
oz.

285,500
oz.

Silver

11.0
Moz.

10.3
Moz.

Lead

69.6
Mlbs.

66.6
Mlbs.

Zinc

186.8
Mlbs.

143.5
Mlbs.
Cortez

Gold

$
5,922

54,900
oz.

$
3,874

36,300
oz.
Other(3)

Various

$
48,867

N/A

$
48,569

N/A

Total royalty revenue

$
68,775

$
65,398

Total revenue

$
226,824

$
224,909

~~(1)~~Reported production relates to the amount of metal sales, subject to our royalty and stream interests, for the six months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, and may differ from the operators’ public reporting.

~~(2)Refer to “Property Developments” above for further discussion on our principal stream interests.~~

~~(3)Individually, no stream or royalty included within the “Other” category contributed greater than 5% of our total revenue for either period.~~

~~Table of Contents~~

The increase in our total revenue for the six months ended December 31, 2017, compared with the six months ended December 31, 2016, resulted primarily from an increase in our royalty revenue. The increase in our royalty revenue was primarily attributable to increased gold production from our Cortez royalty interests. The slight decrease in our stream revenue was primarily attributable to a decrease in production (gold) at Mount Milligan. This decrease was offset by production increases at Pueblo Viejo, Andacollo and Wassa and Prestea and new gold production from our Rainy River stream interest. Silver deliveries from our Rainy River interest began during the December 2017 quarter with silver sales anticipated to begin in the March 2018 quarter. Copper deliveries from Mount Milligan began during our June 2017 quarter.

Gold and silver ounces and tonnes of copper purchased and sold during the six months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, gold and silver ounces and tonnes of copper in inventory as of December 31, 2017, and June 30, 2017, for our streaming interests were as follows:

Six Months Ended

Six Months Ended

As of

As of

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2017

June 30, 2017
Gold Stream

Purchases (oz.)

Sales (oz.)

Purchases (oz.)

Sales (oz.)

Inventory (oz.)

Inventory (oz.)
Mount Milligan

36,400

31,300

53,400

54,600

5,200

100
Andacollo

26,500

26,700

24,500

24,400

—

100
Pueblo Viejo

23,100

27,400

29,200

24,600

8,500

12,900
Wassa and Prestea

13,400

13,900

8,900

8,600

500

1,000
Rainy River

1,000

800

—

-

200

—
Total

100,400

100,100

116,000

112,200

14,400

14,100

Six Months Ended

Six Months Ended

As of

As of

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2017

June 30, 2017
Silver Stream

Purchases (Moz.)

Sales (Moz.)

Purchases (oz.)

Sales (oz.)

Inventory (oz.)

Inventory (oz.)
Pueblo Viejo

730,200

1,006,200

865,800

866,600

260,800

536,800
Rainy River

11,900

-

—

—

11,900

—
Total

742,100

1,006,200

865,800

866,600

272,700

536,800

Six Months Ended

Six Months Ended

As of

As of

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2017

June 30, 2017
Copper Stream

Purchases (tonnes)

Sales (tonnes)

Purchases (tonnes)

Sales (tonnes)

Inventory (tonnes)

Inventory (tonnes)
Mount Milligan

2,414

1,988

N/A

N/A

426

—

Cost of sales decreased to $40.3 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017, compared to $45.2 million for the six months ended December 31, 2016. The decrease was primarily due to decreased gold sales from Mount Milligan. Cost of sales is specific to our stream agreements and is the result of RGLD Gold’s purchase of gold, silver and copper for a cash payment. The cash payment for gold from Mount Milligan is the lesser of $435 per ounce or the prevailing market price of gold when purchased, while the cash payment for our other streams is a set contractual percentage of the gold, silver or copper (Mount Milligan) spot price near the date of metal delivery.

General and administrative expenses decreased to $16.5 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017, from $18.0 million for the six months ended December 31, 2016. The decrease during the current period was primarily due to a decrease in non-cash stock based compensation.

Depreciation, depletion and amortization increased to $81.7 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017, from $79.6 million for the six months ended December 31, 2016. The increase was primarily attributable to increased gold sales at Andacollo, Pueblo Viejo and Wassa and Prestea, which resulted in additional depletion of approximately $11.4 million. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in gold sales at Mount Milligan, which resulted in a decrease in depletion of approximately $4.8 million.

Interest and other income decreased to $1.6 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017, from $9.0 million for the six months ended December 31, 2016. The decrease was primarily due to a gain recognized ($3.4 million) on consideration received as part of the termination of our Phoenix Gold Project streaming interest during the prior period. Refer to our Fiscal 2017 10-K for discussion on the Phoenix Gold Project restructuring. The decrease in interest and other income was also due to consideration received as part of a legal settlement and termination of a non-principal royalty of approximately $2.8$4.1 million during the ~~prior period.~~

~~Table of Contents~~

~~During the six~~three months ended ~~December 31, 2017, we recognized~~September 30, 2018. The income tax ~~expense totaling $55.9 million compared with $12.2 million during the six months ended December 31, 2016. This~~benefit resulted in an effective tax rate of ~~83.9%~~(51.9%) in the current period, compared with ~~18.5% during~~25.6% in the ~~six months~~quarter ended ~~December 31, 2016.~~September 30, 2018. The ~~increase~~decrease in the effective tax rate for the ~~six~~three months ended September 30, 2019 was attributable to discrete tax benefits ($32.3 million) primarily related to the remeasurement of certain deferred tax assets held by our Swiss subsidiary, RGLD Gold AG, and a net step-up in the basis of tax assets, resulting from the enactment of the Federal Act on Tax Reform and AHV Financing in Zug, Switzerland during the current quarter. In October of 2019, RGLD Gold AG decided to relocate its corporate office from the Canton of Zug to the Canton of Lucerne. As a result of the corporate relocation, we anticipate an additional step-up in the basis of tax assets during the three months ending December 31, 2017 is primarily attributable to the effects of the Act and a non-cash functional currency election at certain of our Canadian subsidiaries. Refer to “Recent Business Developments” above and Note 7 of our notes to consolidated financial statements for further discussion on the Act.2019, which may result in additional tax benefits.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

At ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, we had current assets of ~~$165.5~~$164.2 million compared to current liabilities of ~~$41.6~~$32.4 million resulting in working capital of ~~$123.9~~$131.8 million and a current ratio of 45 to 1. This compares to current assets of ~~$143.6~~$154.7 million and current liabilities of ~~$34.3~~$33.6 million at June 30, ~~2017,~~2019, resulting in working capital of ~~$109.3~~$121.1 million and a current ratio of approximately 45 to 1.

During the ~~quarter~~three months ended ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, liquidity needs were met from ~~$94.5~~$71.2 million in net ~~revenue~~cash provided by operating activities and our available cash resources. During the three months ended ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, the Company repaid ~~$50.0~~$50 million of the outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility. As of ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, the Company had ~~$850~~$170 million ~~available~~outstanding and ~~$150~~$830 million ~~outstanding~~available under its revolving credit facility. Working capital, combined with the Company’s undrawn revolving credit facility, resulted in approximately ~~$970 million~~$1.0 billion of total ~~available~~ liquidity ~~as of December 31, 2017.~~at September 30, 2019. The Company was in compliance with each financial covenant under the revolving credit facility as of ~~December 31, 2017.~~September 30, 2019. Refer to Note 35 of our notes to consolidated financial statements for further discussion on our debt.

We believe that our current financial resources and funds generated from operations will be adequate to cover anticipated expenditures for debt service, general and administrative expense costs and capital expenditures for the foreseeable future. Our current financial resources are also available to fund dividends and for acquisitions of stream and royalty ~~interests.~~interests, including the conditional funding schedule in connection with the Khoemacau silver stream acquisition. Our long-term capital requirements are primarily affected by our ongoing acquisition activities. The Company currently, and generally at any time, has acquisition opportunities in various stages of active review. In the event of one or more substantial stream ~~and~~or royalty interest or other acquisitions, we may seek additional debt or equity financing as necessary.

Please refer to our risk factors included in Part 1, Item 1A of our Fiscal ~~2017~~2019 10-K and in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a discussion of certain risks that may impact the Company’s liquidity and capital resources.

Summary of Cash Flows

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities totaled ~~$147.2~~$71.2 million for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, compared to ~~$124.9~~$44.6 million for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~December 31, 2016.~~September 30, 2018. The increase ~~was~~is primarily due to ~~a decrease in income taxes paid at certain foreign subsidiaries of approximately $14.0 million and~~ an increase in proceeds received from our stream ~~and royalty~~ interests, net of ~~production taxes and~~ cost of sales, of approximately ~~$11.2 million.~~$14.7 million and lower income taxes paid of $10.6 million over the prior period.

Investing Activities

Net cash ~~used in~~provided by investing activities totaled ~~$0.1~~$0.5 million for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, compared to net cash used in investing activities of ~~$191.0~~$0.1 million for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~December 31, 2016. The decrease in cash used in investing activities is primarily due to a decrease in acquisitions~~September 30, 2018.

Table of ~~stream and royalty interests in mineral properties compared to the prior year period.~~Contents

Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities totaled ~~$134.9~~$69.2 million for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, compared to ~~cash provided by financing activities of $33.5~~$16.2 million for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~December 31, 2016.~~September 30, 2018. The ~~decrease~~increase in cash ~~provided by~~used in financing activities is primarily due to ~~the Company’s $70~~an increase in repayments on our revolving credit facility. The Company repaid $50.0 million ~~borrowing under its~~on our revolving credit facility ~~to fund a royalty acquisition~~ during the ~~prior year period. During the six~~three months ended ~~December 31, 2017, the Company repaid $100 million of the outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility.~~September 30, 2019.

~~Table of Contents~~

Recently ~~Issued or~~ Adopted Accounting Standards and Critical Accounting Policies

Refer to Note 1 of our notes to consolidated financial statements for further discussion on any recently ~~issued or~~ adopted accounting standards. Refer to our Fiscal ~~2017~~2019 10-K for discussion on our critical accounting policies.

Forward-Looking Statements

Cautionary “Safe Harbor” Statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995: With the exception of historical matters, the matters discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from projections or estimates contained herein. Such forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements regarding ~~projected~~the impact of recently adopted or issued accounting standards; the expected schedule for making additional payments to complete acquisition of the CDS NSR and warrants to purchase common shares of TriStar; adverse financial conditions experienced by operators of certain producing stream and royalty properties; available water sources, success in groundwater exploration, expectations for production ~~estimates~~during the first calendar quarter of 2020, and progress of work on life-of-mine water sources, decreasing long-term recoveries and increasing short to medium-term costs, expected results of updated 43-101 technical report and impact of updated 43-101 technical report on the Company’s interests at Mount Milligan; insolvency proceedings and potential for write-down of Company’s carrying value for certain non-principal producing and evaluation properties; expected schedule for making advance payments pursuant to the Khoemacau copper-silver project stream agreement and the funding of such payments; remaining conditions for funding under the Ilovica stream agreement; expectations concerning the proportion of total revenue to come from stream and royalty interests; estimates pertaining to timing, commencement and ~~commencement~~volume of production from the operators of properties where we hold stream and royalty ~~interests;~~interests and comparisons of estimates to actual production; statements related to ongoing developments and expected developments at properties where we hold stream and royalty interests; strike, suspension of operations and ongoing negotiations at Andacollo and anticipated impact of suspension to the Company; progress of construction, capital committed, forecasted budget and estimated timeframe for first shipment of concentrate at Khoemacau, and size of and conditions to the Company’s remaining commitment under the Khoemacau stream agreement; mill availability and throughput, ore production, declining grade, recoveries, circuit optimization, commissioning of gravity circuit and mine optimization at Rainy River; decrease in production, lower grades and recoveries, increased mining rate, 2019 drilling program and geological interpretations and updated mineral resource estimations at Wassa; expected transition from pre-stripping to production phase stripping at Cortez; dispute, blockade, suspension and resumption of concentrate sales and operations at, and impact to full-year results for, Peñasquito; expected completion of plant expansion prefeasibility study and feasibility study, and expected increase in throughput and production, at Pueblo Viejo; possible tax benefits from relocation of the RGLD Gold AG office; fluctuations in the prices for gold, silver, copper, nickel and other metals; stream and royalty revenue estimates and comparisons of estimates to actual revenue; effective tax rate estimates, including the effect of recently enacted tax ~~reform;~~reforms; the adequacy of financial resources and funds to cover anticipated expenditures for debt service, ~~and~~ general and administrative expenses and dividends, as well as costs associated with exploration and business development and capital ~~expenditures,~~expenditures; expected delivery dates of gold, silver, copper and other ~~metals,~~metals; and our expectation that substantially all our revenues will be derived from stream and royalty interests. Words such as “may,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “forecast,” “potential,” “intend,” “continue,” “project,” and variations of these words, comparable words and similar expressions generally indicate forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date the statement is made. Do not unduly rely on forward-looking statements. Actual results may differ materially from past results as well as those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from these forward-looking statements include, among others:

●

a low price environment for gold and other metal prices on which our stream and royalty interests are paid or a low price environment for the primary metals mined at properties where we hold stream and royalty interests;

●

the production at or performance of properties where we hold stream and royalty interests, and variation of actual performance from the production estimates and forecasts made by the operators of these properties;

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●

the ability of operators to bring projects into production on schedule or operate in accordance with feasibility studies, including development stage mining properties, mine and mill expansion ~~project~~projects and other development and construction projects;

●

acquisition and maintenance of permits and authorizations, completion of construction and commencement and continuation of production at the properties where we hold stream and royalty interests;

●

challenges to mining, processing and related permits and licenses, or to applications for permits and licenses, by or on behalf of indigenous populations, non-governmental organizations, local communities, or other third parties;

●

liquidity or other problems our operators may encounter, including shortfalls in the financing required to complete construction and bring a mine into production;

●

decisions and activities of the operators of properties where we hold stream and royalty interests;

●

hazards and risks at the properties where we hold stream and royalty interests that are normally associated with developing and mining properties, including unanticipated grade, continuity and geological, metallurgical, processing or other problems, mine operating and ore processing facility problems, pit wall or tailings dam failures, industrial accidents, environmental hazards and natural catastrophes such as drought, floods, hurricanes or earthquakes and access to sufficient raw materials, water and power;

●

changes in operators’ mining, processing and treatment techniques and changes to operators’ cost structure, which may change the production of minerals subject to our stream and royalty interests;

●

changes in the methodology employed by our operators to calculate our stream and royalty interests, or failure to make such calculations in accordance with the agreements that govern them;

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●

changes in project parameters as plans of the operators of properties where we hold stream and royalty interests are refined;

●

accuracy of and decreases in estimates of reserves and mineralization by the operators of properties where we hold stream and royalty interests;

●

contests to our stream and royalty interests and title and other defects toin the properties where we hold stream and royalty interests;

●

adverse effects on market demand for commodities, the availability of financing, and other effects from adverse economic and market conditions;

●

future financial needs of the Company and the operators of properties where we hold stream or royalty interests;

●

federal, state and foreign legislation governing us or the operators of properties where we hold stream and royalty interests;

●

the availability of stream and royalty interests for acquisition or other acquisition opportunities and the availability of debt or equity financing necessary to complete such acquisitions;

●

our ability to make accurate assumptions regarding the valuation, timing and amount of revenue to be derived from our stream and royalty interests when evaluating acquisitions;

●

risks associated with conducting business in foreign countries, including application of foreign laws to contract and other disputes, validity of security interests, governmental consents for granting interests in exploration and exploitation licenses, application and enforcement of real estate, mineral tenure, contract, safety, environmental and permitting laws, currency fluctuations, expropriation of property, repatriation of earnings, taxation, price controls, inflation, import and export regulations, community unrest and labor disputes, endemic health issues, corruption, enforcement and uncertain political and economic environments;

●

changes in laws governing us, the properties where we hold stream and royalty interests or the operators of such properties;

●

risks associated with issuances of additional common stock or incurrence of indebtedness in connection with acquisitions or otherwise including risks associated with the issuance and conversion of convertible notes;

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●

changes in management and key employees; and

●

failure to complete future acquisitions;

as well as other factors described elsewhere in this report and our other reports filed with the SEC, including our Fiscal ~~2017~~2019 10-K. Most of these factors are beyond our ability to predict or control. Future events and actual results could differ materially from those set forth in, contemplated by or underlying the forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made. We disclaim any obligation to update any forward-looking statements made herein, except as required by law. Readers are cautioned not to put undue reliance on forward-looking statements.

ITEM 3.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Our earnings and cash flows are significantly impacted by changes in the market price of gold and other metals. Gold, silver, copper ~~nickel~~ and other metal prices can fluctuate significantly and are affected by numerous factors, such as demand, production levels, economic policies of central banks, producer hedging, world political and economic events and the strength of the U.S. dollar relative to other currencies. Please see “Volatility in gold, silver, copper, nickel and other metal prices may have an adverse impact on the value of our stream and royalty interests and may reduce our revenues. Certain contracts governing our stream and royalty ~~stream~~ interests have features that may amplify the negative effects of a ~~drop~~decrease in metals prices,” under Part I, Item 1A of our Fiscal ~~2017~~2019 10-K, for more information that can affect gold, silver, copper ~~nickel~~ and other metal prices as well as historical gold, silver, copper and nickel prices.

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During the ~~six~~three months ended ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, we reported revenue of ~~$226.8~~$118.8 million, with an average gold price for the period of ~~$1,277~~$1,472 per ounce, an average silver price of ~~$16.78~~$16.98 per ounce and an average copper price of ~~$2.98~~$2.63 per pound. Approximately ~~78%~~79% of our total reported revenues for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~December 31, 2017~~September 30, 2019 were attributable to gold sales from our gold producing stream and royalty interests, as shown within the MD&A. For the ~~six~~three months ended ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, if the price of gold had averaged 10% higher or lower per ounce, we would have recorded an increase or decrease in revenue of approximately ~~$18.2~~$9.9 million.

Approximately 9% of our total reported revenues for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~December 31, 2017~~September 30, 2019 were attributable to silver sales from our silver producing stream and royalty interests. For the ~~six~~three months ended ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, if the price of silver had averaged 10% higher or lower per ounce, we would have recorded an increase or decrease in revenue of approximately ~~$2.1~~$1.1 million.

Approximately 9%8% of our total reported revenues for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~December 31, 2017~~September 30, 2019 were attributable to copper sales from our copper producing stream and royalty interests. For the ~~six~~three months ended ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, if the price of copper had averaged 10% higher or lower per pound, we would have recorded an increase or decrease in revenue of approximately ~~$2.2~~$1.0 million.

ITEM 4.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, the Company’s management, with the participation of the President and Chief Executive Officer (the principal executive officer) and Chief Financial Officer and ~~Treasurer~~Vice President Strategy (the principal financial and accounting officer) of the Company, carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)). Based on such evaluation, the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer and ~~Treasurer~~Vice President Strategy have concluded that, as of ~~December 31, 2017,~~September 30, 2019, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the required time periods and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the President and Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer and ~~Treasurer,~~Vice President Strategy, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Disclosure controls and procedures involve human diligence and compliance and are subject to lapses in judgment and breakdowns resulting from human failures. As a result, a control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of

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a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected.

Changes in Internal Controls

There has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended ~~December 31, 2017~~September 30, 2019 that has materially affected, or that is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II.OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Not applicable.

~~Voisey’s Bay~~

~~Refer to Note 10 of our notes to consolidated financial statements for a discussion of the litigation associated with our Voisey’s Bay royalty.~~

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Information regarding risk factors appears in Part I, Item 2 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Forward-Looking Statements,” and various risks faced by us are also discussed elsewhere in Part I, Item 2 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In addition, risk factors are included in Part I, Item 1A of our Fiscal ~~2017~~2019 10-K.

ITEM 2.UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Not applicable.

ITEM 3.DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

Not applicable.

ITEM 4.MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE

Not applicable.

ITEM 5.OTHER INFORMATION

Not applicable.

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ITEM 6.EXHIBITS

Exhibit Number		Description
4.2*		Description of Capital Stock of Royal Gold, Inc.

10.1*		~~Form~~Amendment No. 3 to Revolving Facility Credit Agreement dated as of ~~First Amendment to Employment Agreement made~~September 20, 2019 and entered into ~~as of the 15th day of December, 2017,~~ by and ~~between~~among Royal Gold, Inc., RGLD Gold AG, RG Royalties, LLC, Royal Gold International Holdings, Inc., the banks and ~~each~~financial institutions identified therein as a “Lender”, and The Bank of Nova Scotia as Administrative Agent for the ~~following: Karli Anderson, William Heissenbuttel, Mark Isto, Tony Jensen, Bruce Kirchhoff and Stefan Wenger.~~Lenders

31.1*		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2*		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1‡		Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2‡		Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101.INS*		Inline XBRL Instance Document.

101.SCH*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.

101.CAL*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.

101.DEF*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.

101.LAB*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.

101.PRE*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

*	Filed herewith.

‡	Furnished herewith.

3132

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SIGNATURES

~~SIGNATURES~~

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	ROYAL GOLD, INC.

Date: ~~February 8, 2018~~November 7, 2019
	By:	/s/ Tony Jensen
		Tony Jensen
		President and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: ~~February 8, 2018~~November 7, 2019	By:	/s/ ~~Stefan Wenger~~William Heissenbuttel
		~~Stefan Wenger~~William Heissenbuttel
		Chief Financial Officer and ~~Treasurer~~Vice President Strategy
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

3233


	December 31, 2017		June 30, 2017
ASSETS
Cash and equivalents	$	98,132	$	85,847
Royalty receivables		29,285		26,886
Income tax receivable		27,366		22,169
Stream inventory		7,359		7,883
Prepaid expenses and other		3,337		822
Total current assets		165,479		143,607
Stream and royalty interests, net (Note 2)		2,810,616		2,892,256
Other assets		53,305		58,202
Total assets	$	3,029,400	$	3,094,065
LIABILITIES
Accounts payable	$	2,251	$	3,908
Dividends payable		16,363		15,682
Income tax payable		15,097		5,651
Foreign withholding taxes payable		3,451		3,425
Other current liabilities		4,413		5,617
Total current liabilities		41,575		34,283
Debt (Note 3)		493,486		586,170
Deferred tax liabilities		147,548		121,330
Uncertain tax positions		30,187		25,627
Other long-term liabilities		16,787		6,391
Total liabilities		729,583		773,801
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
EQUITY
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized; and 0 shares issued		—		—
Common stock, $.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized; and 65,307,285 and 65,179,527 shares outstanding, respectively		653		652
Additional paid-in capital		2,186,648		2,185,796
Accumulated other comprehensive income		687		879
Accumulated earnings		69,842		88,050
Total Royal Gold stockholders’ equity		2,257,830		2,275,377
Non-controlling interests		41,987		44,887
Total equity		2,299,817		2,320,264
Total liabilities and equity	$	3,029,400	$	3,094,065


	For The Three Months Ended				For The Six Months Ended
	December 31,		December 31,		December 31,		December 31,
	2017		2016		2017		2016
Revenue	$	114,348	$	106,961	$	226,824	$	224,909

Costs and expenses
Cost of sales		19,863		22,502		40,282		45,163
General and administrative		9,555		7,538		16,455		18,045
Production taxes		602		445		1,145		942
Exploration costs		1,358		2,476		4,561		5,764
Depreciation, depletion and amortization		42,008		39,519		81,701		79,621
Total costs and expenses		73,386		72,480		144,144		149,535

Operating income		40,962		34,481		82,680		75,374

Interest and other income		645		7,488		1,634		9,045
Interest and other expense		(9,034)		(9,823)		(17,651)		(18,128)
Income before income taxes		32,573		32,146		66,663		66,291

Income tax expense		(48,360)		(5,044)		(55,904)		(12,232)
Net (loss) income		(15,787)		27,102		10,759		54,059
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests		1,022		960		3,105		3,791
Net (loss) income attributable to Royal Gold common stockholders	$	(14,765)	$	28,062	$	13,864	$	57,850

Net (loss) income	$	(15,787)	$	27,102	$	10,759	$	54,059
Adjustments to comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax
Unrealized change in market value of available-for-sale securities		(390)		822		(193)		822
Comprehensive (loss) income		(16,177)		27,924		10,566		54,881
Comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interests		1,022		960		3,105		3,791
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Royal Gold stockholders	$	(15,155)	$	28,884	$	13,671	$	58,672

Net (loss) income per share available to Royal Gold common stockholders:
Basic (loss) earnings per share	$	(0.23)	$	0.43	$	0.21	$	0.89
Basic weighted average shares outstanding		65,306,766		65,149,518		65,271,131		65,133,102
Diluted (loss) earnings per share	$	(0.23)	$	0.43	$	0.21	$	0.88
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding		65,306,766		65,253,209		65,460,430		65,264,137
Cash dividends declared per common share	$	0.25	$	0.24	$	0.49	$	0.47


	As of December 31, 2017								As of June 30, 2017
	Principal		Unamortized Discount		Debt Issuance Costs		Total		Principal		Unamortized Discount		Debt Issuance Costs		Total
		(Amounts in thousands)								(Amounts in thousands)
Convertible notes due 2019	$	370,000	$	(19,110)	$	(1,986)	$	348,904	$	370,000	$	(25,251)	$	(2,646)	$	342,103
Revolving credit facility		150,000		—		(5,418)		144,582		250,000		—		(5,933)		244,067
Total debt	$	520,000	$	(19,110)	$	(7,404)	$	493,486	$	620,000	$	(25,251)	$	(8,579)	$	586,170


	Six Months Ended December 31, 2017						Six Months Ended December 31, 2016
	Revenue		Cost of sales		Net revenue		Revenue		Cost of sales		Net revenue
Streams:
Canada	$	54,654	$	15,847	$	38,807	$	70,050	$	23,758	$	46,292
Dominican Republic		51,758		15,785		35,973		47,387		14,443		32,944
Chile		33,938		5,109		28,829		31,154		4,744		26,410
Africa		17,699		3,541		14,158		10,920		2,218		8,702
Total streams	$	158,049	$	40,282	$	117,767	$	159,511	$	45,163	$	114,348

Royalties:
Mexico	$	21,751	$	—	$	21,751	$	21,127	$	—	$	21,127
United States		22,727		—		22,727		19,113		—		19,113
Canada		11,488		—		11,488		11,870		—		11,870
Australia		6,548		—		6,548		6,692		—		6,692
Africa		1,047		—		1,047		1,588		—		1,588
Chile		—		—		—		950		—		950
Other		5,214		—		5,214		4,058		—		4,058
Total royalties	$	68,775	$	—	$	68,775	$	65,398	$	—	$	65,398
Total streams and royalties	$	226,824	$	40,282	$	186,542	$	224,909	$	45,163	$	179,746


	As of December 31, 2017
	Carrying		Fair Value
	Amount		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets (In thousands):
Marketable equity securities(1)	$	3,450	$	3,450	$	3,450	$	—	$	—
Total assets			$	3,450	$	3,450	$	—	$	—
Liabilities (In thousands):
Debt(2)	$	427,890	$	401,309	$	401,309	$	—	$	—
Total liabilities			$	401,309	$	401,309	$	—	$	—


	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended		As of	As of
	December 31, 2017		December 31, 2016		December 31, 2017	June 30, 2017
Gold Stream	Purchases (oz.)	Sales (oz.)	Purchases (oz.)	Sales (oz.)	Inventory (oz.)	Inventory (oz.)
Mount Milligan	17,700	12,700	23,500	25,700	5,200	100
Andacollo	13,500	17,000	9,200	9,200	—	100
Pueblo Viejo	12,600	14,500	15,600	13,700	8,500	12,900
Wassa and Prestea	6,000	6,800	4,300	4,000	500	1,000
Rainy River	1,000	800	—	—	200	—
Total	50,800	51,800	52,600	52,600	14,400	14,100

	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended		As of	As of
	December 31, 2017		December 31, 2016		December 31, 2017	June 30, 2017
Silver Stream	Purchases (oz.)	Sales (oz.)	Purchases (oz.)	Sales (oz.)	Inventory (oz.)	Inventory (oz.)
Pueblo Viejo	260,200	469,600	322,500	543,300	260,800	536,800
Rainy River	11,900	—	—	—	11,900	—
Total	272,100	469,600	322,500	543,300	272,700	536,800

	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended		As of	As of
	December 31, 2017		December 31, 2016		December 31, 2017	June 30, 2017
Copper Stream	Purchases (tonnes)	Sales (tonnes)	Purchases (tonnes)	Sales (tonnes)	Inventory (tonnes)	Inventory (tonnes)
Mount Milligan	1,245	819	N/A	N/A	426	—

~~Stream or royalty interests~~

~~Location~~

~~Operator~~

~~(Gold unless otherwise stated)~~

~~Pascua-Lama~~

~~Region III, Chile~~

~~Barrick~~

~~0.78% to 5.45% sliding-scale NSR~~

~~1.09% fixed rate royalty (copper)~~