UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021

☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-36473

Trinseo ~~S.A.~~PLC

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

~~Luxembourg~~Ireland

N/A

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

1000 Chesterbrook Boulevard

Suite 300

Berwyn, PA 19312

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

(610) 240-3200

(Registrant’s telephone number)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.




Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	◻

Non-accelerated filer	◻	Smaller reporting company	☐	Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of Each Class	Trading symbol	Name of Exchange on which registered
Ordinary Shares, par value $0.01 per share	TSE	New York Stock Exchange

As of ~~May 3,~~November 4, 2021, there were ~~38,739,042~~38,837,083 of the registrant’s ordinary shares outstanding.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

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		Page

Part I	Financial Information

Item 1.	Financial Statements	45

	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and December 31, ~~2020 (Unaudited)~~	4

	~~Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and~~ 2020 (Unaudited)	5

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of ~~Comprehensive Income (Loss)~~Operations for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and 2020 (Unaudited)	6

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of ~~Shareholders’ Equity~~Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and 2020 (Unaudited)	7

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of ~~Cash Flows~~Shareholders’ Equity for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and 2020 (Unaudited)	8

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 (Unaudited)	9

	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	910

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	2840

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	4055

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	4055

Part II	Other Information

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	4056

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	4056

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	4358

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	4359

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	4359

Item 5.	Other Information	4359

Item 6.	Exhibits	4359

Exhibit Index

Signatures

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Trinseo ~~S.A.~~PLC

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

For the quarterly period ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021

On October 8, 2021, Trinseo PLC completed a previously-announced merger pursuant to which our former publicly-traded parent entity, Trinseo S.A., a Luxembourg limited liability company, was merged with and into Trinseo PLC, an Irish public limited company, with Trinseo PLC as the surviving entity (the “Redomiciliation”). The Redomiciliation was completed pursuant to an agreement between the parties entitled the Common Draft Terms of Merger dated as of April 23, 2021 and was approved by shareholders at Trinseo S.A.’s 2021 annual general meeting on June 10, 2021. As a result of the Redomiciliation, all of Trinseo S.A.’s outstanding ordinary shares, par value $0.01 per share, excluding treasury shares, were exchanged on a one-for-one basis for newly issued ordinary shares, par value $0.01 per share, of Trinseo PLC.

Unless otherwise indicated or required by context, as used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Quarterly Report”), the term “Trinseo” refers to Trinseo ~~S.A.~~PLC (NYSE: TSE), a public limited ~~liability~~ company ~~(société anonyme)~~ existing under the laws of ~~Luxembourg,~~Ireland, and not its subsidiaries. The terms “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Trinseo and its consolidated subsidiaries, taken as a consolidated entity. All financial data provided in this Quarterly Report is the financial data of the Company, unless otherwise indicated. Prior to the formation of the Company, our business was wholly owned by The Dow Chemical Company (together with other affiliates, “Dow”).

Definitions of capitalized terms not defined herein appear within our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 (“Annual Report”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on February 22, 2021. The Company may distribute cash to shareholders under ~~Luxembourg~~Irish law via repayments of equity or an allocation of statutory profits. All distributions prior to 2020 were considered repayments of equity under Luxembourg ~~law.~~law, wherein the Company was previously domiciled.

Cautionary Note on Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report contains forward-looking statements including, without limitation, statements concerning plans, objectives, goals, projections, forecasts, strategies, future events or performance, and underlying assumptions and other statements, which are not statements of historical facts. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of words like “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “forecast,” ”estimate,” “see,” “outlook,” “will,” “may,” “might,” “potential,” “likely,” “target,” “plan,” “contemplate,” “seek,” “attempt,” “should,” “could,” “would,” or expressions of similar meaning. Forward-looking statements reflect management’s evaluation of information currently available and are based on our current expectations and assumptions regarding the timing of the proposed sale of our Synthetic Rubber business and expected proceeds of the proposed sale, our business, the economy and other future conditions. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict.

Specific factors that may impact performance or other predictions of future actions have, in many but not all cases, been identified in connection with specific forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, our ability to complete the sale of our Synthetic Rubber business; our ability to successfully execute our transformation strategy and business strategy; our ability to integrate acquired businesses; global supply chain volatility, increased costs or disruption in the supply of raw materials or increased costs for transportation of our products; the nature of investment opportunities presented to the Company from time to time; and those discussed in our Annual Report filed with the SEC on February 22, 2021 under Part I, Item IA— “Risk Factors,” within this Quarterly Report and in other filings and furnishings made by the Company with the SEC from time to time.

As a result of these or other factors, our actual results, performance or achievements may differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements. They are neither statements of historical fact nor guarantees or assurances of future performance. Therefore, we caution you against relying on these forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements included in this Quarterly Report are made only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as otherwise required by law.

Available Information

Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, are available free of charge through the Investor Relations section of our website, www.trinseo.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after the

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reports are electronically filed or furnished with the SEC. We provide this website and information contained in or connected to it for informational purposes only. That information is not a part of this Quarterly Report.

Table of Contents

PART I —FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

TRINSEO ~~S.A.~~PLC

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In millions, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

March 31,

December 31,


2021

2020

Assets




Current assets

Cash and cash equivalents

$
618.4

$
588.7

Restricted cash

450.0

—

Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts (March 31, 2021: $4.9; December 31, 2020: $5.8)

657.8

529.2

Inventories

463.0

384.1

Other current assets

15.8

15.1

Total current assets

2,205.0

1,517.1

Investments in unconsolidated affiliates

248.1

240.1

Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation (March 31, 2021: $823.5; December 31, 2020: $831.5)

570.2

601.4

Other assets

Goodwill

70.9

74.2

Other intangible assets, net

171.5

182.8

Right-of-use assets - operating, net

76.6

78.3

Deferred income tax assets

81.2

90.2

Deferred charges and other assets

56.6

61.1

Total other assets

456.8

486.6

Total assets

$
3,480.1

$
2,845.2

Liabilities and shareholders’ equity

Current liabilities

Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt

$
13.7

$
12.3

Accounts payable

482.5

355.4

Current lease liabilities - operating

16.3

15.8

Income taxes payable

15.4

10.0

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

149.7

139.8

Total current liabilities

677.6

533.3

Noncurrent liabilities

Long-term debt, net of unamortized deferred financing fees

1,605.1

1,158.7

Noncurrent lease liabilities - operating

62.8

65.7

Deferred income tax liabilities

62.8

60.7

Other noncurrent obligations

395.5

436.5

Total noncurrent liabilities

2,126.2

1,721.6

Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)

Shareholders’ equity

Ordinary shares, $0.01 nominal value, 50,000.0 shares authorized (March 31, 2021: 48.8 shares issued and 38.7 shares outstanding; December 31, 2020: 48.8 shares issued and 38.4 shares outstanding)

0.5

0.5

Additional paid-in-capital

578.5

579.6

Treasury shares, at cost (March 31, 2021: 10.1 shares; December 31, 2020: 10.4 shares)

(530.0)

(542.9)

Retained earnings

807.3

739.2

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

(180.0)

(186.1)

Total shareholders’ equity

676.3

590.3

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

$
3,480.1

$
2,845.2


	September 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	207.5	$	588.7
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts (September 30, 2021: $3.8; December 31, 2020: $5.6)		762.7		469.5
Inventories		617.3		324.1
Other current assets		40.0		14.5
Current assets held-for-sale		379.5		120.3
Total current assets		2,007.0		1,517.1
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates		250.3		240.1
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation (September 30, 2021: $560.6; December 31, 2020: $524.7)		717.0		431.1
Other assets
Goodwill		719.9		62.1
Other intangible assets, net		841.2		162.6
Right-of-use assets - operating, net		78.5		77.8
Deferred income tax assets		84.9		90.2
Deferred charges and other assets		65.3		36.0
Noncurrent assets held-for-sale		—		228.2
Total other assets		1,789.8		656.9
Total assets	$	4,764.1	$	2,845.2
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
Current liabilities
Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt	$	149.1	$	12.2
Accounts payable		507.9		325.9
Current lease liabilities - operating		17.9		15.5
Income taxes payable		32.3		10.0
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		216.6		127.5
Current liabilities held-for-sale		81.3		42.2
Total current liabilities		1,005.1		533.3
Noncurrent liabilities
Long-term debt, net of unamortized deferred financing fees		2,307.9		1,158.1
Noncurrent lease liabilities - operating		62.9		65.5
Deferred income tax liabilities		100.5		60.7
Other noncurrent obligations		365.7		395.0
Noncurrent liabilities held-for-sale		—		42.3
Total noncurrent liabilities		2,837.0		1,721.6
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Shareholders’ equity
Ordinary shares, $0.01 nominal value, 4,000.0 shares authorized* (September 30, 2021: 48.8 shares issued and 38.8 shares outstanding; December 31, 2020: 48.8 shares issued and 38.4 shares outstanding)		0.5		0.5
Additional paid-in-capital		582.2		579.6
Treasury shares, at cost (September 30, 2021: 10.0 shares; December 31, 2020: 10.4 shares)		(524.8)		(542.9)
Retained earnings		1,036.4		739.2
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(172.3)		(186.1)
Total shareholders’ equity		922.0		590.3
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	4,764.1	$	2,845.2

*Authorized ordinary shares reflects the impact of the Redomiciliation. Refer to Note 1 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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TRINSEO ~~S.A.~~PLC

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(In millions, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended

March 31,

2021

2020


Net sales
$
1,092.6

$
853.5

Cost of sales

890.6

783.8

Gross profit

202.0

69.7

Selling, general and administrative expenses

62.6

77.5

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates

22.9

9.8

Impairment charges

—

38.3

Operating income (loss)

162.3

(36.3)

Interest expense, net

12.0

10.3

Acquisition purchase price hedge loss

55.0

—

Other expense, net

2.7

1.6

Income (loss) before income taxes

92.6

(48.2)

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

21.1

(11.9)

Net income (loss)
$
71.5

$
(36.3)

Weighted average shares- basic

38.5

38.5

Net income (loss) per share- basic
$
1.86

$
(0.94)

Weighted average shares- diluted

39.5

38.5

Net income (loss) per share- diluted
$
1.81

$
(0.94)


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net sales	$	1,269.3	$	679.2	$	3,529.0	$	1,976.5
Cost of sales		1,101.0		572.9		2,951.7		1,789.1
Gross profit		168.3		106.3		577.3		187.4
Selling, general and administrative expenses		76.4		46.3		230.4		171.8
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates		17.1		18.3		70.2		42.5
Impairment charges		1.2		—		3.0		10.3
Operating income		107.8		78.3		414.1		47.8
Interest expense, net		23.0		10.0		56.6		32.0
Acquisition purchase price hedge loss		—		—		22.0		—
Other expense (income), net		(0.1)		1.2		8.4		3.0
Income from continuing operations before income taxes		84.9		67.1		327.1		12.8
Provision for income taxes		5.5		26.9		48.9		16.2
Net income (loss) from continuing operations		79.4		40.2		278.2		(3.4)
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes		13.7		65.6		38.0		(55.4)
Net income (loss)	$	93.1	$	105.8	$	316.2	$	(58.8)
Weighted average shares- basic		38.8		38.3		38.7		38.4
Net income (loss) per share- basic:
Continuing operations	$	2.04	$	1.05	$	7.19	$	(0.09)
Discontinued operations		0.35		1.72		0.98		(1.44)
Net income (loss) per share- basic	$	2.39	$	2.77	$	8.17	$	(1.53)
Weighted average shares- diluted		39.5		38.4		39.6		38.4
Net income (loss) per share- diluted:
Continuing operations	$	2.01	$	1.04	$	7.03	$	(0.09)
Discontinued operations		0.35		1.71		0.96		(1.44)
Net income (loss) per share- diluted	$	2.36	$	2.75	$	7.99	$	(1.53)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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TRINSEO ~~S.A.~~PLC

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(In millions)

(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended

March 31,


2021

2020

Net income (loss)

$
71.5

$
(36.3)

Other comprehensive income, net of tax:

Cumulative translation adjustments

0.4

10.7

Net gain (loss) on cash flow hedges

4.6

(3.7)

Pension and other postretirement benefit plans:

Net gain arising during period (net of tax of $0.0 and $0.1)

—

0.6

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income

1.1

0.6

Total other comprehensive income, net of tax

6.1

8.2

Comprehensive income (loss)

$
77.6

$
(28.1)


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net income	$	93.1	$	105.8	$	316.2	$	(58.8)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Cumulative translation adjustments		(1.7)		(6.7)		(2.0)		2.9
Net gain (loss) on cash flow hedges		1.2		0.4		5.6		(4.6)
Pension and other postretirement benefit plans:
Net gain arising during period (net of tax of $1.0, $0.0, $1.0, and $0.1)		9.3		0.1		9.3		0.7
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		(1.2)		1.6		0.9		2.7
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		7.6		(4.6)		13.8		1.7
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	100.7	$	101.2	$	330.0	$	(57.1)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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TRINSEO ~~S.A.~~PLC

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity

(In millions, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

Shares

Shareholders' Equity


Ordinary Shares Outstanding

Treasury Shares

Ordinary Shares

Additional
Paid-In Capital

Treasury Shares

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Retained Earnings

Total
Balance at December 31, 2020

38.4

10.4

$
0.5

$
579.6

$
(542.9)

$
(186.1)

$
739.2

$
590.3
Net income

—

—

—

—

—

—

71.5

71.5
Other comprehensive income

—

—

—

—

—

6.1

—

6.1
Share-based compensation activity

0.3

(0.3)

—

(1.1)

12.9

—

—

11.8
Dividends on ordinary shares ($0.08 per share)

—

—

—

—

—

—

(3.4)

(3.4)
Balance at March 31, 2021

38.7

10.1

$
0.5

$
578.5

$
(530.0)

$
(180.0)

$
807.3

$
676.3
Balance at December 31, 2019

39.0

9.8

$
0.5

$
574.7

$
(524.9)

$
(162.4)

$
781.0

668.9
Net loss

—

—

—

—

—

—

(36.3)

(36.3)
Other comprehensive income

—

—

—

—

—

8.2

—

8.2
Share-based compensation activity

—

—

—

1.0

1.7

—

—

2.7
Purchase of treasury shares

(0.8)

0.8

—

—

(25.0)

—

—

(25.0)
Dividends on ordinary shares ($0.40 per share)

—

—

—

—

—

—

(15.5)

(15.5)
Balance at March 31, 2020

38.2

10.6

$
0.5

$
575.7

$
(548.2)

$
(154.2)

$
729.2

$
603.0


	Shares		Shareholders' Equity
	Ordinary Shares Outstanding	Treasury Shares	Ordinary Shares		Additional Paid-In Capital		Treasury Shares		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Retained Earnings		Total
Balance at December 31, 2020	38.4	10.4	$	0.5	$	579.6	$	(542.9)	$	(186.1)	$	739.2	$	590.3
Net income	—	—		—		—		—		—		71.5		71.5
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		—		6.1		—		6.1
Share-based compensation activity	0.3	(0.3)		—		(1.1)		12.9		—		—		11.8
Dividends on ordinary shares ($0.08 per share)	—	—		—		—		—		—		(3.4)		(3.4)
Balance at March 31, 2021	38.7	10.1	$	0.5	$	578.5	$	(530.0)	$	(180.0)	$	807.3	$	676.3
Net income	—	—		—		—		—		—		151.6		151.6
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		—		0.1		—		0.1
Share-based compensation activity	0.1	(0.1)		—		0.2		4.7		—		—		4.9
Dividends on ordinary shares ($0.08 per share)	—	—		—		—		—		—		(3.1)		(3.1)
Balance at June 30, 2021	38.8	10.0	$	0.5	$	578.7	$	(525.3)	$	(179.9)	$	955.8	$	829.8
Net income	—	—		—		—		—		—		93.1		93.1
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		—		7.6		—		7.6
Share-based compensation activity	—	—		—		3.5		0.5		—		—		4.0
Dividends on ordinary shares ($0.32 per share)	—	—		—		—		—		—		(12.5)		(12.5)
Balance at September 30, 2021	38.8	10.0	$	0.5	$	582.2	$	(524.8)	$	(172.3)	$	1,036.4	$	922.0


	Shares		Shareholders' Equity
	Ordinary Shares Outstanding	Treasury Shares	Ordinary Shares		Additional Paid-In Capital		Treasury Shares		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Retained Earnings		Total
Balance at December 31, 2019	39.0	9.8	$	0.5	$	574.7	$	(524.9)	$	(162.4)	$	781.0	$	668.9
Net loss	—	—		—		—		—		—		(36.3)		(36.3)
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		—		8.2		—		8.2
Share-based compensation activity	—	—		—		1.0		1.7		—		—		2.7
Purchase of treasury shares	(0.8)	0.8		—		—		(25.0)		—		—		(25.0)
Dividends on ordinary shares ($0.40 per share)	—	—		—		—		—		—		(15.5)		(15.5)
Balance at March 31, 2020	38.2	10.6	$	0.5	$	575.7	$	(548.2)	$	(154.2)	$	729.2	$	603.0
Net loss	—	—		—		—		—		—		(128.4)		(128.4)
Other comprehensive loss	—	—		—		—		—		(1.9)		—		(1.9)
Share-based compensation activity	0.1	(0.1)		—		0.6		0.9		—		—		1.5
Dividends on ordinary shares ($0.40 per share)	—	—		—		—		—		—		(15.4)		(15.4)
Balance at June 30, 2020	38.3	10.5	$	0.5	$	576.3	$	(547.3)	$	(156.1)	$	585.4	$	458.8
Net income	—	—		—		—		—		—		105.8		105.8
Other comprehensive loss	—	—		—		—		—		(4.6)		—		(4.6)
Share-based compensation activity	—	—		—		2.4		0.8		—		—		3.2
Dividends on ordinary shares ($0.40 per share)	—	—		—		—		—		—		(15.6)		(15.6)
Balance at September 30, 2020	38.3	10.5	$	0.5	$	578.7	$	(546.5)	$	(160.7)	$	675.6	$	547.6

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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TRINSEO ~~S.A.~~PLC

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In millions)

(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended

March 31,


2021

2020

Cash flows from operating activities







Net income (loss)

$
71.5

$
(36.3)

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

Depreciation and amortization

32.9

36.4

Amortization of deferred financing fees, issuance discount, and excluded component of hedging instruments

1.2

0.4

Deferred income tax

6.6

(11.5)

Share-based compensation expense

3.5

3.2

Earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of dividends

(7.9)

(9.8)

Unrealized net gain on foreign exchange forward contracts

(21.8)

(11.5)

Acquisition purchase price hedge loss

55.0

—

Gain on sale of businesses and other assets

(0.2)

(0.4)

Asset impairment charges or write-offs

—

38.3

Changes in assets and liabilities

Accounts receivable

(138.8)

(12.7)

Inventories

(89.5)

26.8

Accounts payable and other current liabilities

114.9

(28.9)

Income taxes payable

4.9

(3.3)

Other assets, net

4.1

(6.9)

Other liabilities, net

14.6

10.4

Cash provided by (used in) operating activities

51.0

(5.8)

Cash flows from investing activities

Capital expenditures

(12.6)

(24.3)

Net cash received for asset and business acquisitions

—

0.2

Proceeds from the sale of businesses and other assets

—

11.6

Proceeds from the settlement of hedging instruments

—

51.6

Cash provided by (used in) investing activities

(12.6)

39.1

Cash flows from financing activities

Deferred financing fees

(1.3)

—

Short-term borrowings, net

(2.8)

(3.5)

Purchase of treasury shares

—

(25.0)

Dividends paid

(3.3)

(15.9)

Proceeds from exercise of option awards

9.0

—

Withholding taxes paid on restricted share units

(0.8)

(0.6)

Repayments of 2024 Term Loan B

—

(1.7)

Net proceeds from issuance of 2029 Senior Notes

450.0

—

Cash provided by (used in) financing activities

450.8

(46.7)

Effect of exchange rates on cash

(9.5)

(2.7)

Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash

479.7

(16.1)

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash—beginning of period

588.7

457.4

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash—end of period

$
1,068.4

$
441.3

Less: Restricted cash

(450.0)

(1.2)

Cash and cash equivalents—end of period

$
618.4

$
440.1


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2021		2020
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income (loss)	$	316.2	$	(58.8)
Less: Net income (loss) from discontinued operations		38.0		(55.4)
Net income (loss) from continuing operations		278.2		(3.4)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) from continuing operations to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities - continuing operations
Depreciation and amortization		111.0		69.8
Amortization of deferred financing fees, issuance discount, and excluded component of hedging instruments		5.5		2.8
Deferred income tax		0.2		(0.3)
Share-based compensation expense		11.0		8.7
Earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of dividends		(10.2)		(42.5)
Unrealized net gain on foreign exchange forward contracts		(25.2)		(9.8)
Acquisition purchase price hedge loss		22.0		—
Pension curtailment and settlement (gain) loss		(2.1)		1.0
Asset impairment charges or write-offs		3.0		10.3
Changes in assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable		(253.1)		23.5
Inventories		(196.7)		107.3
Accounts payable and other current liabilities		249.5		(51.2)
Income taxes payable		22.3		2.1
Other assets, net		(9.0)		(15.8)
Other liabilities, net		41.0		(11.3)
Cash provided by operating activities - continuing operations		247.4		91.2
Cash provided by (used in) operating activities - discontinued operations		(9.2)		36.5
Cash provided by operating activities		238.2		127.7
Cash flows from investing activities
Capital expenditures		(64.7)		(47.4)
Cash received (paid) for asset or business acquisitions, net of cash acquired ($12.1 and $0.0)		(1,806.6)		0.1
Proceeds from the sale of businesses and other assets		0.2		11.9
Proceeds from (payments for) the settlement of hedging instruments		(14.7)		51.6
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities - continuing operations		(1,885.8)		16.2
Cash used in investing activities - discontinued operations		(3.3)		(13.5)
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities		(1,889.1)		2.7
Cash flows from financing activities
Deferred financing fees		(35.0)		—
Short-term borrowings, net		(11.6)		(8.2)
Purchase of treasury shares		—		(25.0)
Dividends paid		(9.5)		(46.5)
Proceeds from exercise of option awards		10.5		0.4
Withholding taxes paid on restricted share units		(0.8)		(0.6)
Repayments of 2024 Term Loan B and 2028 Term Loan B		(7.1)		(5.2)
Net proceeds from issuance of 2028 Term Loan B		746.3		—
Net proceeds from issuance of 2029 Senior Notes		450.0		—
Proceeds from draw on 2022 Revolving Facility		—		100.0
Repayments of 2022 Revolving Facility		—		(100.0)
Proceeds from draw on Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility		150.0		—
Repayments of Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility		(20.0)		—
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities		1,272.8		(85.1)
Effect of exchange rates on cash		(3.1)		1.3
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash		(381.2)		46.6
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash—beginning of period		588.7		457.4
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash—end of period	$	207.5	$	504.0
Less: Restricted cash		—		(0.7)
Cash and cash equivalents—end of period	$	207.5	$	503.3

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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TRINSEO ~~S.A.~~PLC

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollars in millions, unless otherwise stated)

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1—BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements of Trinseo ~~S.A.~~PLC and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of and for the periods ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and 2020 were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which, in the opinion of management, are considered necessary for the fair statement of the results for the periods presented. Because they cover interim periods, the statements and related notes to the financial statements do not include all disclosures normally provided in annual financial statements, and therefore, these statements should be read in conjunction with the 2020 audited consolidated financial statements included within the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Annual Report”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on February 22, 2021. The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements presented herein reflect the latest estimates and assumptions made by management that affect the reported amounts and related disclosures as of and for the period ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021. However, actual results could differ from these estimates and assumptions.

On October 8, 2021, the Company completed a cross-border merger transaction, pursuant to which its former publicly-traded parent entity, Trinseo S.A., a Luxembourg limited liability company, was merged with and into Trinseo PLC, an Irish public limited company, with Trinseo PLC as the surviving entity (the “Redomiciliation”). The Redomiciliation was completed pursuant to an agreement between the parties entitled the Common Draft Terms of Merger dated as of April 23, 2021 and was approved by shareholders at Trinseo S.A.’s 2021 annual general meeting on June 14, 2021. As a result of the Redomiciliation, all of Trinseo S.A.’s outstanding ordinary shares, par value $0.01 per share, excluding treasury shares, were exchanged on a one-for-one basis for newly issued ordinary shares, par value $0.01 per share, of Trinseo PLC. The treasury shares of Trinseo S.A. were cancelled in conjunction with the Redomiciliation. All references herein to “Trinseo” or the “Company” refer to Trinseo S.A. and its subsidiaries through the effective date of the Redomiciliation, and thereafter refer to Trinseo PLC and its subsidiaries. As the Redomiciliation was completed subsequent to September 30, 2021, amounts presented herein represent the results of Trinseo S.A. as of and for the periods ended September 30, 2021 and have not been adjusted for the equity transactions completed in connection with the Redomiciliation on October 8, 2021.

The December 31, 2020 condensed consolidated balance sheet data presented herein was derived from the Company’s December 31, 2020 audited consolidated financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP for annual periods.

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications pertain primarily to the Company’s entry into an agreement during the second quarter of 2021 to sell its Synthetic Rubber business, as a result of which the Company reclassified its Synthetic Rubber assets and liabilities as held-for-sale and reclassified the operating results of its Synthetic Rubber business, net of taxes, as discontinued operations for all periods presented. Refer to Note 4 for further information. Throughout this Quarterly Report, unless otherwise indicated, amounts and activity are presented on a continuing operations basis. Additionally, the condensed consolidated financial statements herein reflect reclassifications related to the Company’s resegmentation effective October 1, ~~2020. Refer to Notes 3 and 15 for further information.~~2020, as described in Note 16.

NOTE 2—RECENT ACCOUNTING GUIDANCE

In December 2019, the FASB issued guidance that simplifies the accounting for income taxes. The amended guidance includes removal of certain exceptions to the general principles of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 740, Income Taxes, and simplification in several other areas such as accounting for a franchise tax (or similar tax) that is partially based on income. The Company adopted the guidance effective January 1, 2021, noting that adoption did not have a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

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NOTE 3—ACQUISITIONS

Acquisition of Aristech Surfaces

On September 1, 2021, the Company completed its previously announced acquisition of Aristech Surfaces LLC (“Aristech Surfaces”) from SK AA Holdings LLC (“SK AA Holdings”), the sole member of Aristech Surfaces, through purchase of 100% membership interest and intellectual property (the “Aristech Surfaces Acquisition”). Aristech Surfaces is a leading North America manufacturer and global provider of PMMA continuous cast and solid surface sheets, serving the wellness, architectural, transportation and industrial markets, which the Company believes will pair well with its existing Engineered Materials business, inclusive of the PMMA Acquisition completed earlier in 2021, discussed further below. Aristech Surfaces’ products are used for a variety of applications, including the construction of hot tubs, swim spas, counter tops, signage, bath products and recreational vehicles.

The preliminary purchase price consideration for the Aristech Surfaces Acquisition amounted to $449.7 million, subject to customary working capital and other closing adjustments, and was funded using the Company’s available cash and existing credit facilities. Refer to Note 8 for further information on the existing credit facilities used to fund the Aristech Surfaces Acquisition.

The Company accounted for the Aristech Surfaces Acquisition as a business combination pursuant to ASC 805. In accordance with ASC 805, fair values are assigned to tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date based on the information that was available as of the acquisition date. The Company believes that the information available provides a reasonable basis for estimating the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed for the acquisition, however, preliminary measurements of fair value, including, but not limited to, inventory, intangible assets, property, plant and equipment, contingent liabilities, and such changes could be material. During the measurement period, if new information is obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date that, if known, would have resulted in revised estimated values of those assets or liabilities as of that date we will revise the preliminary purchase price allocation. The effect of measurement period adjustments to the estimated fair values will be reflected as if the adjustments had been completed on the acquisition date. The impact of all changes that do not qualify as measurement period adjustments will be included in current period earnings.

The Company allocated the purchase price of the acquisition to identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. The excess of the purchase price over the aggregate fair values was recorded as goodwill. The Company calculated the fair value of the assets acquired using the income and cost approaches (or a combination thereof). Fair values were determined based on various inputs including estimated future cash flows, discount rates, royalty rates, growth rates, sales projections, retention rates and terminal values, all of which require significant management judgment.

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The table below summarizes the purchase price allocation for the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, based on their relative fair values, which have been assessed as of the September 1, 2021 acquisition date:


	September 1,
	2021
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1.7
Accounts receivable		26.9
Inventories ⁽¹⁾		30.3
Other current assets		1.9
Property, plant and equipment		75.3
Other intangible assets ⁽²⁾
Customer relationships		145.0
Developed technology		52.5
Tradenames		10.0
Other amortizable intangible assets		0.3
Right-of-use assets - operating		2.0
Deferred charges and other assets		0.8
Total fair value of assets acquired		346.7

Accounts payable		(13.8)
Current lease liabilities - operating		(0.4)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		(3.1)
Noncurrent lease liabilities - operating		(1.6)
Other noncurrent obligations		(1.4)
Total fair value of liabilities assumed		(20.3)
Net identifiable assets acquired		326.4
Purchase price consideration		449.7
Goodwill ⁽³⁾	$	123.3

(1)

Fair value of work-in-process and finished goods inventory acquired included a step-up in the value of approximately $6.9 million, out of which $3.5 million was amortized during the third quarter of 2021 within "Cost of sales" on the condensed consolidated statements of operations as the related inventory was sold to customers.

(2)

The expected weighted average useful life of the acquired intangible assets are 13 years for customer relationships, 11 years for developed technology, and 10 years for tradenames and 1-5 years for other amortizable intangible assets.

(3)

Goodwill largely consists of strategic and synergistic opportunities resulting from combining Aristech Surfaces with the Company’s existing businesses and is allocated entirely to the Engineered Materials segment. All of the goodwill related to this acquisition will be deductible for income tax purposes.

Net sales and net loss of Aristech Surfaces between the September 1, 2021 acquisition date and September 30, 2021 were $14.8 million and $3.1 million, respectively, and are recognized within the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021.

Transaction-related costs

Pursuant to GAAP, costs incurred to complete the Aristech Surfaces Acquisition as well as costs incurred to integrate into our operations are expensed as incurred. The Company incurred $3.1 million and $3.4 million of transaction-related costs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. The amounts were recorded within “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of

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operations, and are reflected in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 in the supplemental pro forma information below.

Acquisition of the Arkema PMMA Business

On May 3, 2021, the Company completed its previously-announced acquisition of the polymethyl methacrylates (“PMMA”) and activated methyl methacrylates (“MMA”) business (together, the “PMMA business”) from Arkema PLC, (“Arkema”) through the purchase of 100% of the shares of certain subsidiaries of Arkema (the “PMMA Acquisition”). The PMMA Acquisition was completed pursuant to the Share Purchase Agreement, dated March 19, 2021 (the “SPA”), by and between the Company and Arkema. PMMA is a transparent and rigid plastic with a wide range of end uses, and is an attractive adjacent chemistry which complements Trinseo’s existing offerings across several end markets including automotive, building & construction, medical and consumer electronics.

The following table illustrates each component of the purchase price consideration related to the PMMA Acquisition:



Initial cash purchase price paid ⁽¹⁾	$	1,369.0
Known purchase price adjustment, not yet settled ⁽²⁾		(4.1)
Total purchase price consideration	$	1,364.9

(1)

The PMMA Acquisition had an initial purchase price consideration of $1,370.7 million, of which $1,369.0 million was paid during the second quarter of 2021. This initial purchase price consideration remains subject to customary working capital and other closing adjustments.

(2)

Known purchase price adjustment not yet paid relates primarily to consideration for estimated working capital adjustments and certain assets at the Porto Marghera, Italy manufacturing site which will be legally transferred to Trinseo at a later date due to local transfer restrictions; however, the Company has the benefits and risks of ownership during the period from May 3, 2021 until the site legally transfers. This purchase price consideration is expected to be paid in the fourth quarter of 2021.

The PMMA Acquisition was funded using the net proceeds from the Company’s new financing arrangements, including $450.0 million from its 2029 Senior Notes issued on March 24, 2021 and $750.0 million of incremental borrowings under the 2028 Term Loan B entered into in conjunction with closing of the transaction, as well as available cash. Refer to Note 8 for further information on the financing arrangements used to fund the PMMA Acquisition.

The Company accounted for the PMMA Acquisition as a business combination pursuant to ASC 805. In accordance with ASC 805, fair values are assigned to tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date based on the information that was available as of that date. The Company believes that the information available provides a reasonable basis for estimating the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed for the PMMA Acquisition; however, preliminary measurements of fair value, including, but not limited to, inventory, intangible assets, property, plant and equipment, pension and postretirement obligations, contingent liabilities, including environmental remediation obligations, and deferred tax assets and liabilities are subject to change during the measurement period, and such changes could be material. The Company expects to finalize the valuation and accounting for the PMMA Acquisition as soon as practicable, but no later than one year after the acquisition date. During the measurement period, if new information is obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date that, if known, would have resulted in revised estimated values of those assets or liabilities as of that date, the Company will revise the preliminary purchase price allocation. The effect of measurement period adjustments to the estimated fair values will be reflected as if the adjustments had been completed on the acquisition date. The impact of all changes that do not qualify as measurement period adjustments will be included in current period earnings.

The Company allocated the purchase price of the PMMA Acquisition to identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. The excess of the purchase price over the aggregate fair values was recorded as goodwill. The Company calculated the fair value of the assets acquired using the income and cost approaches (or a combination thereof). Fair values were determined based on various inputs including estimated future cash flows, discount rates, royalty rates, growth rates, sales projections, customer retention rates and

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terminal values. The fair value of pension liabilities assumed was determined in accordance with ASC 715 using key inputs including, but not limited to, discount rates, expected rates of return on plan assets, and future compensation growth rates. The various inputs used in the asset and pension valuations require significant management judgment.

The table below summarizes the preliminary purchase price allocation for the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, based on their relative fair values. In the third quarter of 2021, the Company recorded certain measurement period adjustments to reflect facts and circumstances in existence as of the May 3, 2021 acquisition date. These adjustments included a $19.4 million increase to property, plant and equipment, a $5.0 million increase to deferred income tax liabilities, a $5.8 million decrease to purchase price consideration, and a resulting $20.1 million decrease to goodwill.


	May 3,
	2021
Cash and cash equivalents	$	10.4
Accounts receivable		19.1
Inventories ⁽¹⁾		78.9
Other current assets		8.7
Property, plant and equipment		255.4
Other intangible assets ⁽²⁾
Customer relationships		326.6
Developed technology		133.0
Tradenames		46.0
Other amortizable intangible assets		0.4
Right-of-use assets - operating		4.1
Deferred charges and other assets		27.9
Total fair value of assets acquired		910.5

Accounts payable		(15.0)
Current lease liabilities - operating		(1.7)
Income taxes payable		(0.3)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		(11.3)
Noncurrent lease liabilities - operating		(2.5)
Deferred income tax liabilities		(39.3)
Other noncurrent obligations ⁽³⁾		(23.1)
Total fair value of liabilities assumed		(93.2)
Net identifiable assets acquired		817.3
Purchase price consideration		1,364.9
Goodwill ⁽⁴⁾	$	547.6

(1)

Fair value of finished goods inventory acquired included a step-up in the value of approximately $10.1 million, which was fully amortized during the second quarter of 2021 within "Cost of sales" on the condensed consolidated statements of operations as the related inventory was sold to customers.

(2)

The expected weighted average useful life of the acquired intangible assets are 13 years for customer relationships, 10 years for developed technology, 16 years for tradenames, and 1-5 years for other amortizable intangible assets.

(3)

Includes $18.2 million of net pension and other employee benefits assumed as part of the PMMA Acquisition.

(4)

Goodwill largely consists of strategic and synergistic opportunities resulting from combining the PMMA business with the Company’s existing businesses and is allocated entirely to the Engineered Materials segment. Approximately $310.0 million of goodwill related to this acquisition will be deductible for income tax purposes based on the preliminary purchase price.

The results of the PMMA business are recognized within the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations since the closing of the acquisition on May 3, 2021. The PMMA business contributed net sales and net loss of $224.6 million and $1.6 million, respectively, to the Company’s results for the three months ended September 30, 2021.

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The PMMA business acquisition contributed net sales and net loss of $332.1 million and $5.4 million, respectively, to the Company’s results for the period from May 3, 2021 to September 30, 2021.

Transaction-related costs

Pursuant to GAAP, costs incurred to complete the PMMA Acquisition as well as costs incurred to integrate into our operations are expensed as incurred. The Company incurred $0.2 million and $20.0 million of transaction-related costs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. The amounts were recorded within “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations, and are reflected in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 in the supplemental pro forma information below.

In connection with the PMMA Acquisition, the Company entered into certain customary transitional services agreements with Arkema to provide for the orderly separation and transition of various functions and processes. These services will be provided by Arkema to the Company for up to 18 months after closing, with certain extension options available. These services include information technology, accounting and finance, procurement, supply chain, and other services, while we assume the operations of the PMMA business.

Additionally, the Company paid Arkema $10.6 million for certain information technology separation costs in order to support the transition services agreements entered into at the time of close. These payments have not been included as a component of consideration transferred, and instead have been capitalized as prepaid assets within “Other current assets” on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The cost will be recognized as expense over the period in which the services are expected to be rendered under the transition services agreements.

Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information

The following unaudited pro forma financial information presents the condensed consolidated results of operations of the Company with the PMMA business and Aristech Surfaces for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, as if these acquisitions had occurred on January l, 2020. The proforma results were calculated by combining the results of Trinseo with the PMMA business and Aristech Surfaces but do not include adjustments related to cost savings or other synergies that are anticipated as a result of these acquisitions. Accordingly, these unaudited pro forma results are presented for informational purposes only and are not necessarily indicative of what the actual results of operations would have been if the acquisitions had occurred as of January 1, 2020, nor are they indicative of future results of operations.


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net sales	$	1,300.2	$	862.0	$	3,863.8	$	2,499.7
Net income (loss)	$	94.1	$	104.0	$	355.1	$	(96.7)
Income (loss) from continuing operations	$	80.4	$	38.4	$	317.1	$	(41.3)

NOTE 4—DIVESTITURES AND DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

On May 21, 2021, the Company and Synthos PLC and certain of its subsidiaries (together, “Synthos”) entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to sell its Synthetic Rubber business to Synthos in an all-cash transaction with an initial aggregate price of $449.4 million, which reflects a reduction of approximately $41.6 million for the assumption of pension liabilities by Synthos. This initial aggregate purchase price included a working capital target (excluding inventory) of $47.0 million, which was subject to adjustment based on actual amounts conveyed at closing.

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purchase price. This will result in an amended purchase price of $402.4 million, subject to certain adjustments related to inventory and the exercise of certain option rights related to equity investments held by the Company.

This sale is expected to close in December 2021, subject to customary closing conditions. As a result of the above agreements, the assets and liabilities of the Company’s Synthetic Rubber business were classified as held-for-sale starting in the second quarter of 2021 in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and the associated operating results of the Synthetic Rubber business, net of income tax, have been classified as discontinued operations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and statements of cash flows for all periods presented, in accordance with the guidance in ASC 205-20, Discontinued Operations.

The following table summarizes the assets and liabilities classified as held-for-sale at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:


	September 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Assets
Current assets
Accounts receivable, net of allowance	$	83.5	$	59.7
Inventories and other current assets		89.2		60.6
Total current assets		172.7		120.3
Property, plant and equipment, net		152.3		170.3
Other assets
Goodwill		11.4		12.1
Other intangible assets, net		17.5		20.2
Deferred charges and other assets		25.6		25.6
Total other assets		54.5		57.9
Total assets held-for-sale ⁽¹⁾	$	379.5	$	348.5
Liabilities
Current liabilities
Accounts payable		27.6		29.5
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		11.3		12.7
Total current liabilities		38.9		42.2
Noncurrent liabilities
Other noncurrent obligations		42.4		42.3
Total noncurrent liabilities		42.4		42.3
Total liabilities held-for-sale ⁽¹⁾	$	81.3	$	84.5

(1)

All balance sheet amounts as of September 30, 2021 have been classified as current within the condensed consolidated balance sheets, as the sale is expected to occur within one year of the balance sheet date.

The following table summarizes the results of the Synthetic Rubber business for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, which are reflected as discontinued operations in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations:

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	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net sales	$	122.3	$	79.5	$	382.2	$	217.5
Cost of sales		101.9		82.5		321.2		238.9
Gross profit (loss)		20.4		(3.0)		61.0		(21.4)
Selling, general and administrative expenses		4.9		7.4		16.7		17.8
Impairment charges		—		—		—		28.0
Operating income (loss)		15.5		(10.4)		44.3		(67.2)
Other expense, net		0.2		0.4		1.2		1.1
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before income taxes		15.3		(10.8)		43.1		(68.3)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes		1.6		(76.4)		5.1		(12.9)
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations	$	13.7	$	65.6	$	38.0	$	(55.4)

Amounts for operating net sales and costs of sales which had previously been eliminated in consolidation related to intercompany sales of styrene monomer to the Synthetic Rubber business are now reflected on a gross basis as a component of net sales and costs of sales from continuing operations for all periods presented. The Company has recast these amounts because upon completion of the sale of the Synthetic Rubber business, the Company will continue to have these ongoing transactions with Synthos, under a supply agreement executed in conjunction with the divestiture. Refer to Note 5 for recast segment net sales reflecting this adjustment.

Additionally, the Company previously allocated certain corporate management overhead costs to the former Synthetic Rubber segment which may no longer be allocated to discontinued operations under the relevant authoritative accounting guidance. Accordingly, the Company has recast its segment reporting results to reflect the reattribution of these expenses in all periods presented. Refer to Note 16 for recast segment results reflecting this adjustment.

NOTE 5—NET SALES

Refer to the Annual Report for information on the Company's accounting policies and further background related to its net sales.

The following table provides disclosure of net sales to external customers by primary geographical market (based on the location where sales originated), by segment for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and 2020. Prior period balances in this table have been recast to reflect current period presentation, as described in ~~conjunction with~~Notes 1 and 4, including updates for the ~~resegmentation that occurred during~~classification of the ~~fourth quarter of 2020. Refer to Note 15 for further information.~~Company’s former Synthetic Rubber segment as discontinued operations and the Company’s prior year resegmentation.

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	Latex		Synthetic		Engineered		Base								Latex		Engineered		Base
Three Months Ended	Binders		Rubber		Materials		Plastics		Polystyrene		Feedstocks		Total		Binders		Materials		Plastics		Polystyrene		Feedstocks		Total
March 31, 2021
September 30, 2021
United States	$	67.8	$	—	$	10.3	$	62.5	$	—	$	3.4	$	144.0	$	86.3	$	102.4	$	82.3	$	—	$	4.0	$	275.0
Europe		117.5		111.5		21.0		197.9		149.3		52.5		649.7		153.5		89.6		247.3		162.6		50.8		703.8
Asia-Pacific		63.8		12.7		34.2		48.8		117.6		—		277.1		73.0		35.9		43.9		112.2		—		265.0
Rest of World		1.8		—		0.3		19.7		—		—		21.8		2.8		2.9		19.8		—		—		25.5
Total	$	250.9	$	124.2	$	65.8	$	328.9	$	266.9	$	55.9	$	1,092.6	$	315.6	$	230.8	$	393.3	$	274.8	$	54.8	$	1,269.3
March 31, 2020
September 30, 2020
United States	$	62.2	$	—	$	9.9	$	60.7	$	—	$	2.6	$	135.4	$	54.1	$	8.0	$	52.8	$	—	$	2.0	$	116.9
Europe		101.9		99.8		14.9		150.1		109.8		29.1		505.6		79.7		13.8		126.8		96.9		31.7		348.9
Asia-Pacific		52.3		1.9		22.9		26.8		73.0		13.1		190.0		48.1		28.1		40.9		70.4		4.9		192.4
Rest of World		2.7		—		—		19.8		—		—		22.5		1.3		0.1		19.6		—		—		21.0
Total	$	219.1	$	101.7	$	47.7	$	257.4	$	182.8	$	44.8	$	853.5	$	183.2	$	50.0	$	240.1	$	167.3	$	38.6	$	679.2

~~placeholder~~


	Latex		Engineered		Base
Nine Months Ended	Binders		Materials		Plastics		Polystyrene		Feedstocks		Total
September 30, 2021
United States	$	228.2	$	174.1	$	216.5	$	—	$	10.7	$	629.5
Europe		431.4		190.8		699.2		511.7		188.9		2,022.0
Asia-Pacific		211.1		108.1		144.5		343.3		—		807.0
Rest of World		6.9		4.5		59.1		—		—		70.5
Total	$	877.6	$	477.5	$	1,119.3	$	855.0	$	199.6	$	3,529.0
September 30, 2020
United States	$	167.2	$	25.3	$	143.5	$	—	$	5.9	$	341.9
Europe		254.0		37.4		366.1		301.8		93.4		1,052.7
Asia-Pacific		140.9		72.3		94.5		204.1		19.7		531.5
Rest of World		5.2		0.2		45.0		—		—		50.4
Total	$	567.3	$	135.2	$	649.1	$	505.9	$	119.0	$	1,976.5

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NOTE 4—6—INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATES

The Company is currently supplemented by 1 joint venture, Americas Styrenics LLC (“Americas Styrenics,” a styrene and polystyrene joint venture with Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LP), which is accounted for using the equity method. The results of Americas Styrenics are included within its own reporting segment.

Americas Styrenics is a privately held company; therefore, a quoted market price for its equity interests is not available. The summarized financial information of the Company’s unconsolidated affiliate is shown below.

	��
	Three Months Ended				Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	March 31,				September 30,				September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020		2021		2020
Sales	$	423.0	$	322.2	$	433.4	$	269.7	$	1,351.9	$	817.3
Gross profit	$	65.4	$	7.2	$	49.3	$	39.6	$	189.2	$	78.1
Net income (loss)	$	51.1	$	(8.3)
Net income					$	37.2	$	27.5	$	151.8	$	39.3

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company’s investment in Americas Styrenics was ~~$248.1~~$250.3 million and $240.1 million, respectively, which was ~~$13.7~~$10.6 million and $16.3 million greater than the Company’s 50% share of the underlying net assets of Americas Styrenics, respectively. This amount represents the difference between the book value of assets ~~contributed to~~held by the joint venture ~~at the time of formation (May 1, 2008)~~ and the Company’s 50% share of the total recorded value of the joint venture’s assets, ~~and~~inclusive of certain adjustments to conform with the Company’s accounting policies. This difference is being amortized over ~~the~~a weighted average remaining useful life of ~~the contributed assets of~~ approximately ~~3.0~~2.6 years as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021. The Company received dividends of ~~$15.0~~$20.0 million and $60.0 million from Americas Styrenics during the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021, respectively, while 0 dividends were received during the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020.

NOTE 5—7—INVENTORIES

Inventories consisted of the following:


	March 31,		December 31,		September 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Finished goods	$	193.5	$	174.0	$	314.0	$	132.9
Raw materials and semi-finished goods		229.5		169.1		265.5		161.7
Supplies		40.0		41.0		37.8		29.5
Total	$	463.0	$	384.1	$	617.3	$	324.1

NOTE 8—DEBT

Refer to the Annual Report for definitions of capitalized terms not included herein and further background on the Company’s debt structure discussed below. The Company was in compliance with all debt related covenants as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

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~~NOTE 6—DEBT~~

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, debt consisted of the following:


			March 31, 2021						December 31, 2020								September 30, 2021						December 31, 2020
	Interest Rate as of March 31, 2021	Maturity Date	Carrying Amount		Unamortized Deferred Financing Fees		Total Debt, Less Unamortized Deferred Financing Fees		Carrying Amount		Unamortized Deferred Financing Fees ⁽¹⁾		Total Debt, Less Unamortized Deferred Financing Fees		Interest Rate as of September 30, 2021	Maturity Date	Carrying Amount		Unamortized Deferred Financing Fees ⁽¹⁾		Total Debt, Less Unamortized Deferred Financing Fees		Carrying Amount		Unamortized Deferred Financing Fees ⁽¹⁾		Total Debt, Less Unamortized Deferred Financing Fees
Senior Credit Facility												��
2024 Term Loan B	2.109%	September 2024	$	677.3	$	(10.2)	$	667.1	$	677.3	$	(10.8)	$	666.5	2.081%	September 2024	$	672.1	$	(8.7)	$	663.4	$	677.3	$	(10.8)	$	666.5
2022 Revolving Facility⁽²⁾	Various	September 2022		—		—		—		—		—		—
2028 Term Loan B															2.584%	May 2028		744.6		(17.6)		727.0		—		—		—
2026 Revolving Facility⁽²⁾															Various	May 2026		—		—		—		—		—		—
2029 Senior Notes	5.125%	April 2029		450.0		(2.2)		447.8		—		—		—	5.125%	April 2029		450.0		(15.1)		434.9		—		—		—
2025 Senior Notes	5.375%	September 2025		500.0		(5.9)		494.1		500.0		(6.2)		493.8	5.375%	September 2025		500.0		(5.3)		494.7		500.0		(6.2)		493.8
Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility⁽³⁾	Various	September 2021		0		0		0		0		0		0	Various	November 2021		130.0		0		130.0		0		0		0
Other indebtedness	Various	Various		9.8		—		9.8		10.7		—		10.7	Various	Various		7.0		—		7.0		10.0		—		10.0
Total debt			$	1,637.1	$	(18.3)	$	1,618.8	$	1,188.0	$	(17.0)	$	1,171.0			$	2,503.7	$	(46.7)	$	2,457.0	$	1,187.3	$	(17.0)	$	1,170.3
Less: current portion⁽⁴⁾								(13.7)						(12.3)								(149.1)						(12.2)
Total long-term debt, net of unamortized deferred financing fees							$	1,605.1					$	1,158.7							$	2,307.9					$	1,158.1

(1)

This caption does not include deferred financing fees related to the Company’s revolving facilities, which are included within “Deferred charges and other assets” on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2)

On May 3, 2021, in conjunction with the PMMA Acquisition, the Company extended its Revolving Facility (previously the “2022 Revolving Facility,” now the “2026 Revolving Facility”), originally maturing in September 2022, to May 2026, as described further below. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021, under the ~~2022~~2026 Revolving Facility, the Company had a capacity of $375.0 million and funds available for borrowing of ~~$360.0~~$366.9 million (net of ~~$15.0~~$8.1 million outstanding letters of credit). Additionally, the Company is required to pay a quarterly commitment fee in respect of any unused commitments under this facility equal to 0.375% per annum.

(3)

On August 27, 2021, in conjunction with the Aristech Surfaces Acquisition, the Company drew $150.0 million on its Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility, of which $20.0 million was repaid in September 2021. Further, in September 2021, the Company extended the maturity date of the facility to November 2021. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021, this facility had a borrowing capacity of $150.0 million, and the Company had approximately ~~$150.0~~$20.0 million of ~~accounts receivable~~funds available ~~to support~~for borrowing under this facility, based on the pool of eligible accounts receivable. ~~In regard to outstanding borrowings, fixed interest charges are 1.95% plus variable commercial paper rates, while for available, but undrawn commitments, fixed interest charges are 1.00%.~~

(4)

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021, the current portion of long-term debt was primarily related to a $130.0 million balance on the Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility and $14.5 million of the scheduled future principal payments on both the 2024 Term Loan B and 2028 Term Loan B. As of December 31, 2020, the current portion of long-term debt was primarily related to ~~$8.7 million and~~ $7.0 million ~~respectively,~~ of the scheduled future principal payments on the 2024 Term Loan B.

2029 Senior Notes

On March 24, 2021, Trinseo Materials Operating S.C.A. and Trinseo Materials Finance, Inc. (together, the “Issuers”), each an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, executed an indenture pursuant to which they issued $450.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.125% senior notes due 2029 (the “2029 Senior Notes”) in a 144A private transaction exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Interest on the 2029 Senior Notes is payable semi-annually on February 15 and August 15 of each year, commencing on August 15, 2021. The 2029 Senior Notes mature on April 1, 2029. The net proceeds from the 2029 Senior Notes offering were used as a portion of the funding needed for the ~~Company’s acquisition (the “Acquisition”) of the Arkema S.A. (“Arkema”) polymethyl methacrylates (“PMMA”) and activated methyl methacrylates (“MMA”) businesses~~ ~~(together, referred to herein as the “PMMA business”)~~,PMMA Acquisition, in addition to fees and expenses related to the offering and the PMMA Acquisition. ~~Pending consummation of the Acquisition, the $450.0 million~~The gross proceeds from the 2029 Senior Notes offering were ~~deposited into a segregated~~released upon satisfaction of certain escrow ~~account for the benefit~~release conditions, including closing of the ~~holders of the 2029 Senior Notes,~~PMMA Acquisition, which was ~~included within “Restricted cash”~~completed on ~~the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31,~~May 3, 2021. ~~The gross proceeds from the 2029~~

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~~Senior Notes offering were released upon satisfaction of certain escrow release conditions, including closing of the Acquisition, which was completed on May 3, 2021.~~

At any time prior to April 1, 2024, the Issuers may redeem the 2029 Senior Notes in whole or in part, at their option, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of such notes plus the relevant applicable premium as of, and accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the redemption date. At any time and from time to time after April 1, 2024, the Issuers may redeem the 2029 Senior Notes, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to the percentage of principal amount set forth below plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on the notes redeemed to, but not including, the redemption date:


12-month period commencing April 1 in Year	Percentage
2024	102.563	%
2025	101.281	%
2026 and thereafter	100.000	%

At any time prior to April 1, 2024, the Issuers may redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2029 Senior Notes at a redemption price equal to 105.125%, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the redemption date, with the aggregate gross proceeds from certain equity offerings.

The 2029 Senior Notes are the Issuers’ senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of the Issuers’ existing and future indebtedness that is not expressly subordinated in right of payment thereto. The 2029 Senior Notes will be senior in right of payment to any future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment thereto and effectively junior to (a) the Issuers’ existing and future secured indebtedness, including the Company’s accounts receivable facility and the Issuers’ Credit Facility, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such indebtedness and (b) all existing and future liabilities of the Issuers’ non-guarantor subsidiaries.

The Indenture contains customary covenants, including restrictions on the Issuers’ and certain of its subsidiaries’ ability to incur additional indebtedness and guarantee indebtedness; pay dividends on, redeem or repurchase capital stock; make investments; prepay certain indebtedness; create liens; enter into transactions with the Issuers’ affiliates; designate the Issuers’ subsidiaries as Unrestricted Subsidiaries (as defined in the Indenture); and consolidate, merge, or transfer all or substantially all of the Issuers’ assets. The covenants are subject to a number of exceptions and qualifications. Certain of these covenants, excluding without limitation those relating to transactions with the Issuers’ affiliates and consolidation, merger, or transfer of all or substantially all of the Issuers’ assets, will be suspended during any period of time that (1) the 2029 Senior Notes have Investment Grade Status (as defined in the Indenture) and (2) no default has occurred and is continuing under the Indenture. In the event that the 2029 Senior Notes are downgraded to below an Investment Grade Status, the Issuers and certain subsidiaries will again be subject to the suspended covenants with respect to future events. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021, the Company was in compliance with all debt covenant requirements under the Indenture.

~~As of March 31, 2021,~~Total fees ~~and expenses~~ incurred in connection with the issuance of the 2029 Senior Notes were ~~$2.2~~$15.9 million, which were capitalized and recorded within “Long-term debt, net of unamortized deferred financing fees” on the condensed consolidated balance sheet, and are being amortized into “Interest expense, net” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations over their ~~eight year~~eight-year term using the effective interest method.

~~In addition~~Senior Credit Facility

On May 3, 2021, the Issuers entered into (i) an amendment to ~~proceeds from~~ the ~~2029 Senior Notes,~~existing credit agreement dated as of September 6, 2017 in which the ~~remainder~~Issuers borrowed a new tranche of term loans in an aggregate amount of $750.0 million senior secured term loan B facility maturing in May 2028 (the “2028 Term Loan B”), used to finance a portion of the purchase price of the PMMA Acquisition, ~~was funded~~and (ii) an amendment to the existing credit agreement, pursuant to which the existing revolving credit facility has been refinanced with ~~$750.0~~a new revolving credit facility in an aggregate amount of $375.0 million, with a $25.0 million swingline subfacility and a $35.0 million letter of credit subfacility, maturing in ~~incremental term loan borrowings (“2028 Term Loan B”) entered into on~~ May ~~3, 2021~~2026. Amounts under the ~~Company’s existing senior secured~~2026 Revolving Facility are available in U.S. dollars and euros. The terms under the 2026 Revolving Facility are substantially unchanged from the 2022 Revolving Facility. Refer to the Annual Report for the terms of the 2022 Revolving Facility. As a result of amending the revolving credit facility, ~~and available cash.~~ during the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recognized a $0.5 million loss on extinguishment of long-term debt related to the write-off of a portion of the existing unamortized deferred financing fees. This amount has been recorded with “Other expense (income), net” in the condensed consolidated statement of operations.

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The 2028 Term Loan B bears an interest rate of ~~the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”)~~LIBOR plus 2.50%, subject to a 0.00% LIBOR floor, and ~~matures~~was issued at a 0.5% original issue discount. Further, the 2028 Term Loan B requires scheduled quarterly payments in ~~May 2028. Concurrent~~amounts equal to 0.25% of the original principal amount of the 2028 Term Loan B, with the ~~closing~~balance to be paid at maturity.

The 2026 Revolving Facility contains a financial covenant that requires compliance with a springing first lien net leverage ratio test. If the outstanding balance under the 2026 Revolving Facility exceeds 30% of the ~~Acquisition on May 3,~~$375.0 million borrowing capacity (excluding undrawn letters of credit up to $10.0 million and cash collateralized letters of credit) at a quarter end, then the Borrowers’ first lien net leverage ratio may not exceed 3.50 to 1.00. As of September 30, 2021, the Company ~~also extended~~was in compliance with all debt covenant requirements under the Senior Credit Facility.

Fees incurred in connection with the issuance of the 2028 Term Loan B were $18.7 million, which were capitalized and recorded within “Long-term debt, net of unamortized deferred financing fees” on the condensed consolidated balance sheet, and are being amortized into “Interest expense, net” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations over their seven-year term using the effective interest method.

Fees incurred in connection with the 2026 Revolving Facility were $0.4 million, which were capitalized and recorded within “Deferred charges and other assets” on the condensed consolidated balance sheet, and are being amortized along with the remaining $0.8 million of unamortized deferred financing fees from the Company’s former revolving credit facility (“2022 Revolving Facility”) into “Interest expense, net” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations over the five-year term of ~~its 2022 Revolving Facility through May 2026.~~the facility using the straight-line method.

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NOTE 7—9—GOODWILL

The following table shows changes in the carrying amount of goodwill, by segment, from December 31, 2020 to ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021:


	Latex		Synthetic		Engineered		Base						Americas				Latex		Engineered		Base						Americas
	Binders		Rubber		Materials		Plastics		Polystyrene		Feedstocks		Styrenics		Total		Binders		Materials		Plastics		Polystyrene		Feedstocks		Styrenics		Total
Balance at December 31, 2020	$	17.1	$	12.1	$	16.0	$	24.2	$	4.8	$	—	$	—	$	74.2	$	17.1	$	16.0	$	24.2	$	4.8	$	—	$	—	$	62.1
Acquisitions (Note 3)																		—		670.8		—		—		—		—		670.8
Foreign currency impact		(0.8)		(0.5)		(0.7)		(1.1)		(0.2)		—		—		(3.3)		(1.0)		(10.5)		(1.3)		(0.2)		—		—		(13.0)
Balance at March 31, 2021	$	16.3	$	11.6	$	15.3	$	23.1	$	4.6	$	—	$	—	$	70.9
Balance at September 30, 2021																	$	16.1	$	676.3	$	22.9	$	4.6	$	—	$	—	$	719.9

NOTE 8—10—DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

The Company’s ongoing business operations expose it to various risks, including fluctuating foreign exchange rates and interest rate risk. To manage these risks, the Company periodically enters into derivative financial instruments, such as foreign exchange forward contracts and interest rate swap agreements. The Company does not hold or enter into financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. All derivatives are recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheets at fair value.

Foreign Exchange Forward Contracts

Certain subsidiaries have assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than their respective functional currencies, which creates foreign exchange risk. The Company’s principal strategy in managing its exposure to changes in foreign currency exchange rates is to naturally hedge the foreign currency-denominated liabilities on its balance sheet against corresponding assets of the same currency, such that any changes in liabilities due to fluctuations in exchange rates are offset by changes in their corresponding foreign currency assets. In order to further reduce this exposure, the Company also uses foreign exchange forward contracts to economically hedge the impact of the variability in exchange rates on assets and liabilities denominated in certain foreign currencies. The Company entered into a specific such foreign exchange forward contract in December 2020 in order to economically hedge the euro-denominated purchase

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price of the Arkema PMMA business, which was acquired on May 3, 2021, as discussed in Note ~~14.~~3. These derivative contracts are not designated for hedge accounting treatment.

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021, the Company had open foreign exchange forward contracts with a notional U.S. dollar equivalent absolute value of ~~$819.0~~$1,177.9 million. The following table displays the notional amounts of the most significant net foreign exchange hedge positions outstanding as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021:

March 31,

Buy / (Sell)

2021

Euro ⁽¹⁾

$
665.2

Chinese Yuan

$
(53.9)

Swiss Franc

$
27.9

New Taiwan Dollar

$
20.4

Indonesian Rupiah

$
(12.6)

~~(1)~~

Amount includes $1.2 billion of notional for the forward currency hedge arrangement on the euro-denominated purchase price of the Arkema PMMA business, offset by $0.5 billion of notional for foreign currency hedges to sell euros.


	September 30,
Buy / (Sell)	2021
Euro	$	(1,037.4)
Chinese Yuan	$	(38.6)
Swiss Franc	$	32.8
Mexican Peso	$	(17.8)
Korean Won	$	(15.3)

Open foreign exchange forward contracts as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 had maturities occurring over a period of ~~three~~

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two months.

Foreign Exchange Cash Flow Hedges

The Company also enters into forward contracts with the objective of managing the currency risk associated with forecasted U.S. dollar-denominated raw materials purchases by 1 of its subsidiaries whose functional currency is the euro. By entering into these forward contracts, which are designated as cash flow hedges, the Company buys a designated amount of U.S. dollars and sells euros at the prevailing market rate to mitigate the risk associated with the fluctuations in the euro-to-U.S. dollar foreign currency exchange rates. The qualifying hedge contracts are marked-to-market at each reporting date and any unrealized gains or losses are included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“AOCI”) to the extent effective, and reclassified to cost of sales in the period during which the transaction affects earnings or it becomes probable that the forecasted transaction will not occur.

Open foreign exchange cash flow hedges as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 had maturities occurring over a period of ~~nine~~three months, and had a net notional U.S. dollar equivalent of ~~$72.0~~$24.0 million.

Interest Rate Swaps

On September 6, 2017, the Company issued the 2024 Term Loan B, which currently bears an interest rate of LIBOR plus 2.00%, subject to a 0.00% LIBOR floor. In order to reduce the variability in interest payments associated with the Company’s variable rate debt, during 2017 the Company entered into certain interest rate swap agreements to convert a portion of these variable rate borrowings into a fixed rate obligation. These interest rate swap agreements are designated as cash flow hedges, and as such, the contracts are marked-to-market at each reporting date and any unrealized gains or losses are included in AOCI to the extent effective, and reclassified to interest expense in the period during which the transaction affects earnings or it becomes probable that the forecasted transaction will not occur.

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021, the Company had open interest rate swap agreements with a net notional U.S. dollar equivalent of $200.0 million which had an effective date of September 29, 2017 and mature in September 2022. Under the terms of the swap agreements, the Company is required to pay the counterparties a stream of fixed interest payments at a rate of 1.81%, and in turn, receives variable interest payments based on 1-month LIBOR ~~(0.11%~~(0.08% as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021) from the counterparties.

Net Investment Hedge

The Company accounts for its cross currency swaps (“CCS”) under the spot method, meaning that changes in the fair value of the hedge included in the assessment of effectiveness (changes due to spot foreign exchange rates) are recorded within AOCI, where they remain until either the sale or substantially complete liquidation of the subsidiary subject to the hedge. Additionally, the initial value of any component excluded from the assessment of effectiveness is recognized in income using a systematic and rational method over the life of the hedging instrument and any difference between the change in the fair value of the excluded component and amounts recognized in income under that systematic and rational method is recognized in AOCI. The Company amortizes any initial excluded component value of a CCS as

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a reduction of “Interest expense, net” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations using the straight-line method over the remaining term of the related CCS. Additionally, interest receipts and payments are accrued under the terms of the Company’s CCS and are recognized within “Interest expense, net” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The Company entered into a CCS arrangement (the “2017 CCS”) on September 1, 2017, swapping U.S. dollar principal and interest payments of $500.0 million at an interest rate of 5.375% on its 2025 Senior Notes for euro-denominated payments of €420.0 million at a weighted average interest rate of 3.45% for approximately five years. The 2017 CCS was initially designated under the forward method and then redesignated under the spot method effective April 1, 2018. At the time of redesignation, the 2017 CCS had a cumulative foreign currency translation loss in AOCI of $38.0 million. The excluded component value related to the 2017 CCS at April 1, 2018 was $23.6 million, which was being amortized over its remaining term. On February 26, 2020, the Company settled its 2017 CCS and replaced it with a new CCS arrangement (the “2020 CCS”) that carried substantially the same terms as the 2017 CCS. Upon settlement of the 2017 CCS, the Company realized net cash proceeds of $51.6 million. The remaining $13.8 million unamortized balance of the initial excluded component related to the 2017 CCS at the time of settlement will remain in AOCI until either the sale or substantially complete liquidation of the relevant subsidiaries. Under the 2020 CCS, the Company notionally exchanged $500.0 million at an interest rate of 5.375% for €459.3 million at a weighted average interest rate of 3.672% for approximately 2.7 years, with a final maturity of November 3, 2022. The cash flows under the 2020 CCS are aligned with the Company’s principal and interest obligations on its 5.375% 2025 Senior Notes.

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notionally exchanged $500.0 million at an interest rate of 5.375% for €459.3 million at a weighted average interest rate of 3.672% for approximately 2.7 years, with a final maturity of November 3, 2022. The cash flows under the 2020 CCS are aligned with the Company’s principal and interest obligations on its 5.375% 2025 Senior Notes.

Summary of Derivative Instruments

The following table presents the effect of the Company’s derivative instruments, including those not designated for hedge accounting treatment, on the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and 2020:

Location and Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in
Statements of Operations

Three Months Ended

Three Months Ended

March 31, 2021

March 31, 2020


Cost of
sales

Interest expense, net

Acquisition purchase price hedge loss

Other expense, net

Cost of
sales

Interest expense, net

Acquisition purchase price hedge loss

Other expense, net

Total amount of income and (expense) line items presented in the statements of operations in which the effects of derivative instruments are recorded

$
(890.6)

$
(12.0)

$
(55.0)

$
(2.7)

$
(783.8)

$
(10.3)

$
—

$
(1.6)

Effects of cash flow hedge instruments:

Foreign exchange cash flow hedges

Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into income

$
(0.3)

$
—

$
—

$
—

$
0.2

$
—

$
—

$
—

Interest rate swaps

Amount of loss reclassified from AOCI into income

$
—

$
(0.8)

$
—

$
—

$
—

$
(0.1)

$
—

$
—

Effects of net investment hedge instruments:

Cross currency swaps

Amount of gain excluded from effectiveness testing ⁽¹⁾

$
—

$
1.9

$
—

$
—

$
—

$
3.4

$
—

$
—

Effects of derivatives not designated as hedge instruments:

Foreign exchange forward contracts

Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income ⁽²⁾

$
—

$
—

$
(55.0)

$
19.7

$
—

$
—

$
—

$
13.8

~~(1)~~

Amount for the three months ended March 31, 2020 represents both the 2017 CCS through its settlement on February 26, 2020 and the 2020 CCS from when it was entered into on February 26, 2020 through March 31, 2021.

~~(2)~~

The $55.0 million loss incurred from the change in fair value of the forward currency hedge arrangement on the euro-denominated purchase price of the Arkema PMMA business during the three months ended March 31, 2021 is presented separately in the condensed consolidated statements of operations from the gains recorded on the Company’s other foreign exchange forward contracts.


	Location and Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Statements of Operations
	Three Months Ended								Three Months Ended
	September 30, 2021								September 30, 2020
	Cost of sales		Interest expense, net		Acquisition purchase price hedge gain (loss)		Other income, net		Cost of sales		Interest expense, net		Acquisition purchase price hedge gain (loss)		Other expense, net
Total amount of income and (expense) line items presented in the statements of operations in which the effects of derivative instruments are recorded	$	(1,101.0)	$	(23.0)	$	—	$	0.1	$	(572.9)	$	(10.0)	$	—	$	(1.2)

The effects of cash flow hedge instruments:
Foreign exchange cash flow hedges
Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into income	$	0.3	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(0.7)	$	—	$	—	$	—
Interest rate swaps
Amount of loss reclassified from AOCI into income	$	—	$	(0.9)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(0.8)	$	—	$	—
														��
The effects of net investment hedge instruments:
Cross currency swaps (CCS)
Amount of gain excluded from effectiveness testing	$	—	$	1.9	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1.6	$	—	$	—
Amount of loss recognized in income⁽¹⁾	$	—	$	—	$	—	$		$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(0.8)

The effects of derivatives not designated as hedge instruments:
Foreign exchange forward contracts
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	23.3	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(13.2)

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~~The following table presents the effect of cash flow and net investment hedge accounting on AOCI for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:~~

`

Gain (Loss) Recognized in AOCI on Balance Sheet

Three Months Ended

March 31,

2021

2020
Designated as Cash Flow Hedges

Foreign exchange cash flow hedges

$
3.7

$
2.1
Interest rate swaps

0.9

(5.8)
Total

$
4.6

$
(3.7)
Designated as Net Investment Hedges

Cross currency swaps (CCS) ⁽¹⁾

$
26.2

$
22.9
Total

$
26.2

$
22.9


	Location and Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Statements of Operations
	Nine Months Ended								Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2021								September 30, 2020
	Cost of sales		Interest expense, net		Acquisition purchase price hedge gain (loss)		Other expense, net		Cost of sales		Interest expense, net		Acquisition purchase price hedge gain (loss)		Other expense, net
Total amount of income and (expense) line items presented in the statements of operations in which the effects of derivative instruments are recorded	$	(2,951.7)	$	(56.6)	$	(22.0)	$	(8.4)	$	(1,789.1)	$	(32.0)	$	—	$	(3.0)

Effects of cash flow hedge instruments:
Foreign exchange cash flow hedges
Amount of gain reclassified from AOCI into income	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Interest rate swaps
Amount of loss reclassified from AOCI into income	$	—	$	(2.6)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(1.6)	$	—	$	—

Effects of net investment hedge instruments:
Cross currency swaps
Amount of gain excluded from effectiveness testing ⁽²⁾	$	—	$	5.5	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	7.0	$	—	$	—
Amount of loss recognized in income⁽¹⁾	$	—	$	—	$	—	$		$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(0.8)

Effects of derivatives not designated as hedge instruments:
Foreign exchange forward contracts
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income ⁽³⁾	$	—	$	—	$	(22.0)	$	43.4	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(7.5)

(1)

Amount represents the change in fair value of the portion of the 2020 CCS that was de-designated from hedge accounting for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31, 2020 represents~~September 30, 2020.

(2)

Amounts include the effects on AOCI of both the 2017 CCS through its settlement on February 26, 2020 and the 2020 CCS from when it was entered into on February 26, 2020 through ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020.

(3)

The $22.0 million loss incurred from the change in fair value of the forward currency hedge arrangement on the euro-denominated purchase price of the Arkema PMMA business during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 is presented separately in the condensed consolidated statements of operations from the gains recorded on the Company’s other foreign exchange forward contracts.

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The following table presents the effect of cash flow and net investment hedge accounting on AOCI for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020:


`	Gain (Loss) Recognized in AOCI on Balance Sheet
	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Designated as Cash Flow Hedges
Foreign exchange cash flow hedges	$	0.4	$	(0.3)	$	3.1	$	0.6
Interest rate swaps		0.8		0.7		2.5		(5.2)
Total	$	1.2	$	0.4	$	5.6	$	(4.6)
Designated as Net Investment Hedges
Cross currency swaps (CCS) ⁽¹⁾	$	13.1	$	(24.2)	$	32.1	$	(11.6)
Total	$	13.1	$	(24.2)	$	32.1	$	(11.6)

(1)

Amount for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 includes the effects on AOCI of both the 2017 CCS through its settlement on February 26, 2020 and the 2020 CCS from when it was entered into on February 26, 2020 through September 30, 2020.

The Company recorded gains of $19.7 million and $13.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, from settlements and changes in the fair value of outstanding forward contracts (not designated as hedges), not including the loss of $55.0 million recorded from the change in fair value of the forward currency hedge arrangement on the euro-denominated purchase price of the Arkema PMMA business during the three months ended March 31, 2021. The gains from the Company’s forward contracts offset net foreign exchange transaction losses of $19.9 million and $14.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, which resulted from the re-measurement of the Company’s foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities. The cash settlements of these foreign exchange forward contracts are included within operating activities in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.


	Gain (Loss) Recognized in Other expense, net in Statement of Operations
	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Settlements and changes in the fair value of forward contracts (not designated as hedges) ⁽¹⁾	$	23.3	$	(13.2)	$	43.4	$	(7.5)
Remeasurement of foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities	$	(23.7)	$	14.0	$	(43.0)	$	8.9
Total	$	(0.4)	$	0.8	$	0.4	$	1.4

(1)

Amounts do not include the loss of $22.0 million recorded from the change in fair value of the forward currency hedge arrangement on the euro-denominated purchase price of the Arkema PMMA business during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

The Company expects to reclassify in the next twelve months an approximate ~~$1.7~~$2.5 million net loss from AOCI into earnings related to the Company’s outstanding foreign exchange cash flow hedges and interest rate swaps as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 based on current foreign exchange rates.

The following tables summarize the gross and net unrealized gains and losses, as well as the balance sheet ~~classification, of outstanding derivatives recorded in the condensed consolidated balance sheets:~~

March 31, 2021

Foreign

Foreign

Exchange

Exchange

Interest

Cross

Balance Sheet

Forward

Cash Flow

Rate

Currency

Classification

Contracts

Hedges

Swaps

Swaps

Total

Asset Derivatives:

Accounts receivable, net of allowance

$
16.1

$
1.6

$
—

$
4.1

$
21.8

Deferred charges and other assets

—

—

—

—

—

Gross derivative asset position

16.1

1.6

—

4.1

21.8

Less: Counterparty netting

(7.3)

—

—

—

(7.3)

Net derivative asset position

$
8.8

$
1.6

$
—

$
4.1

$
14.5

Liability Derivatives:

Accounts payable ⁽¹⁾

$
(49.5)

$
—

$
(3.3)

$
—

$
(52.8)

Other noncurrent obligations

—

—

(1.6)

(39.4)

(41.0)

Gross derivative liability position

(49.5)

—

(4.9)

(39.4)

(93.8)

Less: Counterparty netting

7.3

—

—

—

7.3

Net derivative liability position

$
(42.2)

$
—

$
(4.9)

$
(39.4)

$
(86.5)

Total net derivative position

$
(33.4)

$
1.6

$
(4.9)

$
(35.3)

$
(72.0)

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December 31, 2020


Foreign

Foreign

Exchange

Exchange

Interest

Cross

Balance Sheet

Forward

Cash Flow

Rate

Currency

Classification

Contracts

Hedges

Swaps

Swaps

Total

Asset Derivatives:

Accounts receivable, net of allowance ⁽¹⁾

$
8.2

$
—

$
—

$
5.0

$
13.2

Deferred charges and other assets

—

—

—

—

—

Gross derivative asset position

8.2

—

—

5.0

13.2

Less: Counterparty netting

(6.5)

—

—

—

(6.5)

Net derivative asset position

$
1.7

$
—

$
—

$
5.0

$
6.7

Liability Derivatives:

Accounts payable

$
(8.3)

$
(2.1)

$
(3.4)

$
—

$
(13.8)

Other noncurrent obligations

—

—

(2.5)

(66.5)

(69.0)

Gross derivative liability position

(8.3)

(2.1)

(5.9)

(66.5)

(82.8)

Less: Counterparty netting

6.5

—

—

—

6.5

Net derivative liability position

$
(1.8)

$
(2.1)

$
(5.9)

$
(66.5)

$
(76.3)

Total net derivative position

$
(0.1)

$
(2.1)

$
(5.9)

$
(61.5)

$
(69.6)

classification, of outstanding derivatives recorded in the condensed consolidated balance sheets:


	September 30, 2021
	Foreign		Foreign
	Exchange		Exchange		Interest		Cross
Balance Sheet	Forward		Cash Flow		Rate		Currency
Classification	Contracts		Hedges		Swaps		Swaps		Total
Asset Derivatives:
Accounts receivable, net of allowance	$	18.6	$	0.9	$	—	$	4.2	$	23.7
Gross derivative asset position		18.6		0.9		—		4.2		23.7
Less: Counterparty netting		(0.1)		—		—		—		(0.1)
Net derivative asset position	$	18.5	$	0.9	$	—	$	4.2	$	23.6
Liability Derivatives:
Accounts payable	$	(0.8)	$	—	$	(3.4)	$	—	$	(4.2)
Other noncurrent obligations		—		—		—		(33.7)		(33.7)
Gross derivative liability position		(0.8)		—		(3.4)		(33.7)		(37.9)
Less: Counterparty netting		0.1		—		—		—		0.1
Net derivative liability position	$	(0.7)	$	—	$	(3.4)	$	(33.7)	$	(37.8)
Total net derivative position	$	17.8	$	0.9	$	(3.4)	$	(29.5)	$	(14.2)


	December 31, 2020
	Foreign		Foreign
	Exchange		Exchange		Interest		Cross
Balance Sheet	Forward		Cash Flow		Rate		Currency
Classification	Contracts		Hedges		Swaps		Swaps		Total
Asset Derivatives:
Accounts receivable, net of allowance ⁽¹⁾	$	8.2	$	—	$	—	$	5.0	$	13.2
Gross derivative asset position		8.2		—		—		5.0		13.2
Less: Counterparty netting		(6.5)		—		—		—		(6.5)
Net derivative asset position	$	1.7	$	—	$	—	$	5.0	$	6.7
Liability Derivatives:
Accounts payable ⁽¹⁾	$	(8.3)	$	(2.1)	$	(3.4)	$	—	$	(13.8)
Other noncurrent obligations		—		—		(2.5)		(66.5)		(69.0)
Gross derivative liability position		(8.3)		(2.1)		(5.9)		(66.5)		(82.8)
Less: Counterparty netting		6.5		—		—		—		6.5
Net derivative liability position	$	(1.8)	$	(2.1)	$	(5.9)	$	(66.5)	$	(76.3)
Total net derivative position	$	(0.1)	$	(2.1)	$	(5.9)	$	(61.5)	$	(69.6)

(1)

~~Balances~~Balance as of ~~March 31, 2021 and~~ December 31, 2020 ~~include a $47.7 million payable and~~includes a $7.3 million receivable ~~respectively,~~ representing the fair value of the forward currency hedge arrangement on the euro-denominated purchase price of the Arkema PMMA business.

Forward contracts, interest rate swaps, and cross currency swaps are entered into with a limited number of counterparties, each of which allows for net settlement of all contracts through a single payment in a single currency in the event of a default on or termination of any one contract. As such, in accordance with the Company’s accounting policy, these derivative instruments are recorded on a net basis by counterparty within the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Refer to Notes 911 and 1718 of the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments and the related changes in AOCI.

NOTE 9—11—FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are

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classified using the following hierarchy, which is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation as of the measurement date.

Level 1—Valuation is based upon quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2—Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, or other inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

Level 3—Valuation is based upon other unobservable inputs that are significant to the fair value measurement.

~~Table of Contents~~

The following table summarizes the basis used to measure certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:


	March 31, 2021								September 30, 2021
	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs				Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
Assets (Liabilities) at Fair Value	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Total
Foreign exchange forward contracts—Assets	$	—	$	8.8	$	—	$	8.8	$	—	$	18.5	$	—	$	18.5
Foreign exchange forward contracts—(Liabilities)		—		(42.2)		—		(42.2)		—		(0.7)		—		(0.7)
Foreign exchange cash flow hedges—Assets		—		1.6		—		1.6		—		0.9		—		0.9
Interest rate swaps—(Liabilities)		—		(4.9)		—		(4.9)		—		(3.4)		—		(3.4)
Cross currency swaps—Assets		—		4.1		—		4.1		—		4.2		—		4.2
Cross currency swaps—(Liabilities)		—		(39.4)		—		(39.4)		—		(33.7)		—		(33.7)
Total fair value	$	—	$	(72.0)	$	—	$	(72.0)	$	—	$	(14.2)	$	—	$	(14.2)


	December 31, 2020
	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Items		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
Assets (Liabilities) at Fair Value	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Total
Foreign exchange forward contracts—Assets	$	—	$	1.7	$	—	$	1.7
Foreign exchange forward contracts—(Liabilities)		—		(1.8)		—		(1.8)
Foreign exchange cash flow hedges—(Liabilities)		—		(2.1)		—		(2.1)
Interest rate swaps—(Liabilities)		—		(5.9)		—		(5.9)
Cross currency swaps—Assets		—		5.0		—		5.0
Cross currency swaps—(Liabilities)		—		(66.5)		—		(66.5)
Total fair value	$	—	$	(69.6)	$	—	$	(69.6)

The Company uses an income approach to value its derivative instruments, utilizing discounted cash flow techniques, considering the terms of the contract and observable market information available as of the reporting date, such as interest rate yield curves and currency spot and forward rates. Significant inputs to the valuation for these derivative instruments are obtained from broker quotations or from listed or over-the-counter market data, and are classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

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Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

~~There were no financial assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the three months ended March 31, 2021.~~ The Company measured certain financial assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the year ended December 31, 2020, which were still held as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021. These financial assets represent the Company’s styrene monomer assets in Boehlen, Germany, which it continues to ~~operate, and its polybutadiene rubber (“PBR,” specifically nickel and neodymium PBR) assets in Schkopau, Germany, which were mothballed in 2020.~~operate. These assets were measured at fair value using underlying fixed asset records in conjunction with the use of industry experience and available market data, which are classified as Level 3 significant unobservable inputs in the fair value hierarchy. As a result of the fair value measurements performed, the Company recorded impairment charges on the Boehlen styrene monomer assets ~~and the Schkopau PBR assets~~ of $10.3 million ~~and $28.0 million, respectively,~~ during the first quarter of 2020. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recorded additional impairment charges of $0.3 million and $2.1 million related to capital expenditures at the Boehlen styrene monomer facility that it determined to be impaired, which are also included within “Impairment charges” on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Refer to the Company’s Annual Report for further information. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and December ~~30,~~31, 2020, the value of the Boehlen styrene monomer assets ~~was~~are recorded at $3.5 million and $3.7 million, respectively, ~~and the value of the Schkopau PBR assets was $1.5 million and $1.6 million, respectively, which are included in~~within the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets herein.

The Company’s polybutadiene rubber (“PBR,” specifically nickel and neodymium PBR) assets in Schkopau, Germany, which were mothballed in 2020, had also been measured on a nonrecurring basis during the year ended December 31, 2020, resulting in impairment charges of $28.0 million being recorded during the first quarter of 2020. However, as the Schkopau PBR assets are part of the Synthetic Rubber business, during the second quarter of 2021 they were classified as held-for-sale and their operating results were classified as discontinued operations for all periods presented, along with the rest of the Synthetic Rubber business. Refer to Note 4 for further information.

There were no other financial assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of December 31, 2020.

Fair Value of Debt Instruments

The following table presents the estimated fair value of the Company’s outstanding debt not carried at fair value as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:


	As of		As of		As of		As of
	March 31, 2021		December 31, 2020		September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
2029 Senior Notes	$	463.0	$	—	$	455.5	$	—
2028 Term Loan B						742.7		—
2025 Senior Notes		514.1		513.5		509.7		513.5
2024 Term Loan B		673.1		674.0		670.4		674.0
Total fair value	$	1,650.2	$	1,187.5	$	2,378.3	$	1,187.5

The fair value of the Company’s debt facilities above (each Level 2 securities) is determined using over-the-counter market quotes and benchmark yields received from independent vendors. The amount outstanding under the Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility of $130.0 million as of September 30, 2021 is short-term in nature and thus the Company estimates the carrying value of the obligation approximates its fair value.

There were no other significant financial instruments outstanding as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

NOTE ~~10—~~12—PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES


	Three Months Ended						Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	March 31,						September 30,						September 30,
	2021			2020			2021			2020			2021			2020
Effective income tax rate		22.8	%		24.6	%		6.5	%		40.1	%		14.9	%		126.5	%

Provision for income taxes for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 totaled ~~$21.1~~$5.5 million and $48.9 million, respectively, resulting in an effective tax rate of ~~22.8%. Benefit from~~6.5% and 14.9%, respectively. Provision for income taxes for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 totaled ~~$11.9~~$26.9 million and $16.2 million, respectively, resulting in an effective tax rate of ~~24.6%.~~40.1% and 126.5%, respectively.

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The effective income tax rate for ~~2020~~the three months ended September 30, 2021 was significantly impacted by the release of a valuation allowance of $16.3 million, as a result of improvements in actual business operations and projected future results of one of the Company’s subsidiaries in China.

The effective income tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 was primarily driven by the Company’s overall forecasted jurisdictional mix of earnings, where the tax benefit on losses expected to be generated in lower rate jurisdictions was offset by tax expense on income expected to be generated in higher tax jurisdictions.Also impacting the rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was a tax benefit related to the impairment charges recorded during the period related to the Company’s assets in Boehlen, ~~and Schkopau,~~ Germany. Refer to Note 911 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.

NOTE ~~11—~~13—COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Environmental Matters

Accruals for environmental matters are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated based on current law, existing technologies and other information. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement associated with the Company’s formation, the pre-closing environmental

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liabilities were retained by Dow, and Dow agreed, subject to temporal, monetary, and other limitations to indemnify the Company from and against environmental liabilities incurred or relating to the predecessor periods. ~~NaN~~Other than certain immaterial environmental liabilities assumed as part of the PMMA Acquisition and the Aristech Surfaces Acquisition, no environmental claims have been asserted or threatened against the Company, and the Company is not a potentially responsible party at any Superfund Sites. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 ~~and December 31, 2020,~~ the Company had 0$5.1 million of accrued obligations for environmental remediation or restoration ~~costs.~~costs, which were recorded at fair value within the opening balance sheets of the PMMA business and Aristech Surfaces during 2021. The Company had no accrued obligations for environmental remediation or restoration costs as of December 31, 2020.

Inherent uncertainties exist in the Company’s potential environmental liabilities primarily due to unknown conditions, whether future claims may fall outside the scope of the indemnity, changing governmental regulations and legal standards regarding liability, and evolving technologies for handling site remediation and restoration. In connection with the Company’s existing indemnification, the possibility is considered remote that environmental remediation costs will have a material adverse impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements over the next 12 months.

Purchase Commitments

In the normal course of business, the Company has certain raw material purchase contracts where it is required to purchase certain minimum volumes at current market prices. These commitments range from one to seven years. In certain raw material purchase contracts, the Company has the right to purchase less than the required minimums and pay a liquidated damages fee, or, in case of a permanent plant shutdown, to terminate the contracts. In such cases, these obligations would be less than the annual commitment as disclosed in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Annual Report.

Litigation Matters

From time to time, the Company may be subject to various legal claims and proceedings incidental to the normal conduct of business, relating to such matters as employees, product liability, antitrust/competition, past waste disposal practices and release of chemicals into the environment. While it is impossible at this time to determine with certainty the ultimate outcome of these routine claims, the Company does not believe that the ultimate resolution of these claims will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition or cash flow. Legal costs, including those legal costs expected to be incurred in connection with a loss contingency, are expensed as incurred.

European Commission Request for Information

On June 6, 2018, Trinseo Europe GmbH, a subsidiary of the Company, received a Request for Information in the form of a letter from the European Commission Directorate General for Competition (the “European Commission”) related to styrene monomer commercial activity in the European Economic Area. The Company subsequently commenced an internal investigation into these commercial activities and discovered instances of inappropriate activity.

On October 28, 2019, a supplemental request for information was received from the European Commission. This

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request was limited to historical employment, entity, and organizational structures, along with certain financial, styrene purchasing, and styrene market information, as well as certain spot styrene purchase contracts. The Company has provided this information and continues to fully cooperate with the European Commission.

The proceedings with the European Commission continue and its outcome remains open. Based on its findings, the European Commission may decide to: (i) require further information; (ii) conduct unannounced raids of the Company’s premises; (iii) adopt a decision imposing fines, and/or request certain behavioral or structural commitments from the Company; or (iv) in view of defense arguments by the Company close the proceedings. As a result of the above factors, the Company is unable to predict the ultimate outcome of this matter or estimate the range of reasonably possible losses that could be incurred. However, any potential losses incurred could be material to the Company’s results of operations, balance sheet, and cash flows for the period in which they are resolved or become probable and reasonably estimable.

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NOTE ~~12—~~14—PENSION PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS

The components of net periodic benefit costs for all significant plans were as follows:

Three Months Ended

March 31,


2021

2020

Defined Benefit Pension Plans

Service cost

$
5.4

$
4.3

Interest cost

0.5

0.8

Expected return on plan assets

(0.1)

(0.3)

Amortization of prior service credit

(0.2)

(0.3)

Amortization of net loss

1.8

1.2

Net periodic benefit cost

$
7.4

$
5.7


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Defined Benefit Pension Plans ⁽¹⁾
Service cost	$	4.2	$	3.3	$	12.4	$	9.8
Interest cost		0.4		0.8		1.4		2.2
Expected return on plan assets		(0.3)		(0.3)		(0.6)		(0.9)
Amortization of prior service credit		(0.5)		(0.3)		(0.9)		(0.9)
Amortization of net loss		1.6		1.0		4.7		3.1
Settlement and curtailment (gain) loss		(2.3)		1.1		(2.3)		1.1
Net periodic benefit cost	$	3.1	$	5.6	$	14.7	$	14.4

(1)

All amounts represent components of net periodic benefit costs.

The Company had less than $0.1 million of net periodic benefit costs for its other postretirement plans for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and 2020.

Service cost related to the Company’s defined benefit pension plans and other postretirement plans is included within “Cost of sales” and “Selling, general and administrative expenses,” whereas all other components of net periodic benefit cost are included within “Other expense (income), net” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company’s benefit obligations included primarily in “Other noncurrent obligations” in the condensed consolidated balance sheets were ~~$326.0~~$298.2 million and ~~$337.5~~$294.4 million, respectively.

The Company made cash contributions and benefit payments to unfunded plans of approximately ~~$1.6~~$2.6 million and $6.1 million during the three and nine months ended ~~March 31, 2021.~~September 30, 2021, respectively. The Company expects to make additional cash contributions, including benefit payments to unfunded plans, of approximately ~~$4.7~~$1.4 million to its defined benefit plans for the remainder of 2021.

NOTE ~~13—~~15—SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

Refer to the Annual Report for definitions of capitalized terms not included herein and further background on the Company’s share-based compensation programs included in the tables below.

~~The following table summarizes the Company’s share-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, as well as unrecognized compensation cost as of March 31, 2021:~~

As of

Three Months Ended

March 31, 2021

March 31,

Unrecognized

Weighted


2021

2020

Compensation Cost

Average Years

RSUs

$
1.8

$
1.7

$
12.9

2.2

Options

1.2

1.0

3.9

1.5

PSUs

0.5

0.5

5.0

2.3

Total share-based compensation expense

$
3.5

$
3.2

~~The following table summarizes awards granted and the respective weighted average grant date fair value for the~~

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The following table summarizes the Company’s share-based compensation expense for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and 2020, as well as unrecognized compensation cost as of September 30, 2021:


													As of
	Three Months Ended				Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended				September 30, 2021
	March 31, 2021				September 30,				September 30,				Unrecognized		Weighted
	Awards Granted		Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Award		2021		2020		2021		2020		Compensation Cost		Average Years
RSUs		109,748	$	61.11	$	2.1	$	1.5	$	5.7	$	4.9	$	13.60	2.0
Options		161,769		23.04		1.2		0.6		3.5		2.3		4.60	1.5
PSUs		49,463		61.06		0.7		0.5		1.8		1.5		3.70	1.9
Total share-based compensation expense					$	4.0	$	2.6	$	11.0	$	8.7

The following table summarizes awards granted and the respective weighted average grant date fair value for the nine months ended September 30, 2021:


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2021
	Awards Granted		Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Award
RSUs		212,167	$	58.59
Options		296,354		22.61
PSUs		49,463		61.06

Option Awards

The following are the weighted average assumptions used within the Black-Scholes pricing model for the Company’s option awards granted during the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021:


	~~Three~~Nine Months Ended
	~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021
Expected term (in years)	5.50
Expected volatility	~~48.76~~48.69	%
Risk-free interest rate	~~0.64~~0.78	%
Dividend yield	~~1.75~~1.81	%

The expected volatility assumption is determined based on the historical volatility of the Company’s publicly traded ordinary shares. The expected term of option awards represents the period of time that option awards granted are expected to be outstanding. For the option awards granted during the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021, the simplified method was used to calculate the expected term, given the Company’s limited historical exercise data. The risk-free interest rate for the periods within the expected term of option awards is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The dividend yield is estimated based on historical and expected dividend activity.

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Performance Share Units (PSUs)

The following are the weighted average assumptions used within the Monte Carlo valuation model for PSUs granted during the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021:


		Three Months Ended			Nine Months Ended
		March 31, 2021			September 30, 2021
Expected term (in years)		3.00			3.00
Expected volatility		58.00	%		58.00	%
Risk-free interest rate		0.20	%		0.20	%
Share price	$	61.06		$	61.06

Determining the fair value of PSUs requires considerable judgment, including estimating the expected volatility of the price of the Company’s ordinary shares, the correlation between the Company’s share price and that of its peer companies, and the expected rate of interest. The expected volatility for each grant is determined based on the historical volatility of the Company’s ordinary shares. The expected term of PSUs represents the length of the performance period. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for a duration equivalent to the performance period. The share price is the closing price of the Company’s ordinary shares on the grant date.

NOTE 16—SEGMENTS

Beginning in the second quarter of 2021, the Company reported the results of the Synthetic Rubber business as discontinued operations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented, and therefore it is no longer presented as a separate reportable segment. Refer to Note 4 for further information. Additionally, as discussed in the Annual Report, the Company realigned its reporting segments effective October 1, 2020, as a result of which the Company’s former Performance Plastics segment was reorganized into 2 standalone reporting segments: Engineered Materials and Base Plastics. There were no changes to the Company’s remaining 4 segments. Refer to the Annual Report for further information on the resegmentation. The information in the tables below has been retroactively adjusted to reflect these changes in reporting segments.

The Latex Binders segment produces styrene-butadiene latex (“SB latex”) and other latex polymers and binders, primarily for coated paper and packaging board, carpet and artificial turf backings, as well as a number of performance latex binders applications, such as adhesive, building and construction and the technical textile paper market. The Engineered Materials segment includes the Company’s compounds and blends products sold into higher growth and value applications, such as consumer electronics and medical, as well as soft thermoplastic elastomers (“TPEs”) products which are sold into markets such as footwear and automotive. Additionally, following the PMMA Acquisition on May 3, 2021 and the Aristech Surfaces Acquisition on September 1, 2021, the Engineered Materials segment also includes PMMA and MMA products, which are sold into a variety of applications including automotive, building & construction, medical, consumer electronics, and wellness, among others. The Base Plastics segment contains the results of the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (“ABS”), styrene-acrylonitrile (“SAN”), and polycarbonate (“PC”) businesses, as well as compounds and blends for automotive and other applications. The Polystyrene segment includes a variety of general purpose polystyrenes (“GPPS”) and polystyrene that has been modified with polybutadiene rubber to increase its impact resistant properties (“HIPS”). The Feedstocks segment includes the Company’s production and procurement of styrene monomer outside of North America, which is used as a key raw material in many of the Company’s products, including polystyrene, SB latex, and ABS resins. Lastly, the Americas Styrenics segment consists solely of the operations of the Company’s 50%-owned joint venture, Americas Styrenics, a producer of both styrene monomer and polystyrene in North America.

The following table provides disclosure of the Company’s segment Adjusted EBITDA, which is used to measure segment operating performance and is defined below, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020. Asset and intersegment sales information by reporting segment is not regularly reviewed or included with the Company’s reporting to the chief operating decision maker. Therefore, this information has not been disclosed below. Refer to Note 5 for the Company’s net sales to external customers by segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.

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	Latex		Engineered		Base						Americas
Three Months Ended ⁽¹⁾	Binders		Materials		Plastics		Polystyrene		Feedstocks		Styrenics
September 30, 2021	$	37.1	$	32.7	$	87.9	$	51.2	$	(27.6)	$	17.1
September 30, 2020	$	18.7	$	9.4	$	40.5	$	20.4	$	10.1	$	18.3


	Latex		Engineered		Base						Americas
Nine Months Ended ⁽¹⁾	Binders		Materials		Plastics		Polystyrene		Feedstocks		Styrenics
September 30, 2021	$	86.2	$	68.5	$	235.0	$	149.6	$	58.5	$	70.2
September 30, 2020	$	55.4	$	22.3	$	55.6	$	46.4	$	(10.6)	$	42.5

(1)

The Company’s primary measure of segment operating performance is Adjusted EBITDA, which is defined as income from continuing operations before interest expense, net; provision for income taxes; depreciation and amortization expense; loss on extinguishment of long-term debt; asset impairment charges; gains or losses on the dispositions of businesses and assets; restructuring charges; acquisition related costs and benefits and other items. Segment Adjusted EBITDA is a key metric that is used by management to evaluate business performance in comparison to budgets, forecasts, and prior year financial results, providing a measure that management believes reflects core operating performance by removing the impact of transactions and events that would not be considered a part of core operations. Other companies in the industry may define segment Adjusted EBITDA differently than the Company, and as a result, it may be difficult to use segment Adjusted EBITDA, or similarly named financial measures, that other companies may use to compare the performance of those companies to the Company’s segment performance.

The reconciliation of income from continuing operations before income taxes to segment Adjusted EBITDA is as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Income from continuing operations before income taxes	$	84.9	$	67.1	$	327.1	$	12.8
Interest expense, net		23.0		10.0		56.6		32.0
Depreciation and amortization		49.8		21.2		111.0		69.8
Corporate Unallocated⁽²⁾		25.0		16.6		71.3		56.1
Adjusted EBITDA Addbacks⁽³⁾		15.7		2.5		102.0		40.9
Segment Adjusted EBITDA	$	198.4	$	117.4	$	668.0	$	211.6

(2)

Corporate unallocated includes corporate overhead costs and certain other income and expenses.

(3)

Adjusted EBITDA addbacks for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net gain on disposition of businesses and assets	$	—	$	—	$	(0.2)	$	(0.4)
Restructuring and other charges (Note 17)		0.2		(0.1)		6.8		7.0
Acquisition transaction and integration net costs ^(a)		13.6		—		62.8		(0.3)
Acquisition purchase price hedge loss (Note 10)		—		—		22.0		—
Asset impairment charges or write-offs (Note 11)		1.2		—		3.0		10.3
Other items ^(b)		0.7		2.6		7.6		24.3
Total Adjusted EBITDA Addbacks	$	15.7	$	2.5	$	102.0	$	40.9

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(a)

Amounts for the three months ended September 30, 2021 include $10.1 million of total acquisition and integration costs and $3.5 million related to amortization of the fair-value step-up to inventory associated with the Aristech Surfaces Acquisition. Amounts for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 include $44.7 million of total acquisition and integration costs, $13.6 million related to amortization of the fair-value step-up to inventory associated with acquisitions, and $4.5 million of transfer taxes associated with the PMMA Acquisition. Refer to Note 3 for further information

(b)

Other items for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 primarily relate to fees incurred in conjunction with certain of the Company’s strategic initiatives, including the ERP upgrade project. Other items for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily relate to advisory and professional fees incurred in conjunction with the Company’s initiative to transition business services from Dow, including certain administrative services such as accounts payable, logistics, and IT services, which was substantially completed in 2020, as well as fees incurred in conjunction with certain of the Company’s strategic initiatives.

NOTE ~~14—ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES~~17—RESTRUCTURING

Refer to the Annual Report for further details regarding the Company’s previously announced restructuring activities included in the tables below. Restructuring charges are included within “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The following table provides detail of the Company’s restructuring charges for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended				Cumulative
	September 30,				September 30,				Life-to-date
	2021		2020		2021		2020		Charges		Segment
Corporate Restructuring Program
Accelerated depreciation	$	—	$	—	$	(0.4)	$	2.5	$	2.5
Employee termination benefits		(0.1)		(0.5)		0.4		3.9		19.9
Contract terminations		—		—		—		2.4		2.8
Decommissioning and other		—		0.2		—		0.2		0.2
Corporate Program Subtotal	$	(0.1)	$	(0.3)	$	—	$	9.0	$	25.4	N/A⁽¹⁾
Transformational Restructuring Program
Employee termination benefits	$	0.3	$	—	$	6.4	$	—	$	6.4	N/A⁽²⁾
Transformational Program Subtotal	$	0.3	$	—	$	6.4	$	—	$	6.4
Other Restructurings		—		0.2		—		0.5			Various
Total Restructuring Charges	$	0.2	$	(0.1)	$	6.4	$	9.5

(1)

In November 2019, the Company announced a corporate restructuring program associated with the Company’s shift to a global functional structure and business excellence initiatives to drive greater focus on business process optimization and efficiency, which continued through the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. The Company expects to incur a limited amount of incremental employee termination benefit charges through the end of 2021, and the majority of these benefits are expected to be paid by the end of 2021. As this was identified as a corporate-related activity, the charges related to this restructuring program were not allocated to a specific segment, but rather included within corporate unallocated.

(2)

In May 2021, the Company approved a transformational restructuring program associated with the Company’s recent strategic initiatives. In connection with this restructuring program, during the three and nine months

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ended September 30, 2021, the Company incurred employee termination benefits charges of $0.3 million and $6.4 million, respectively. The Company expects to incur incremental employee termination benefit charges related to impacted employees as of September 30, 2021 of less than $1.0 million, the majority of which are expected to be paid by June 30, 2022. As this was identified as a corporate-related activity, the charges related to this restructuring program were not allocated to a specific segment, but rather included within corporate unallocated.

The following table provides a roll forward of the liability balances associated with the Company’s restructuring activities as of September 30, 2021. Employee termination benefit and contract termination charges are primarily recorded within “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.


	Balance at						Balance at
	December 31, 2020		Expenses		Deductions⁽¹⁾		September 30, 2021
Employee termination benefits	$	7.9	$	6.8	$	(5.4)	$	9.3
Contract terminations		0.1		—		(0.1)		—
Total	$	8.0	$	6.8	$	(5.5)	$	9.3

(1)

Primarily includes payments made against the existing accrual, as well as immaterial impacts of foreign currency remeasurement.

NOTE 18—ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

The components of AOCI, net of income taxes, consisted of:


	Cumulative		Pension & Other
	Translation		Postretirement Benefit			Cash Flow
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020	Adjustments		Plans, Net			Hedges, Net	Total
Balance as of June 30, 2021	$	(109.3)	$	(69.8)	$	(0.8)	$	(179.9)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(1.7)		9.3		0.6		8.2
Amounts reclassified from AOCI to net income⁽¹⁾		—		(1.2)		0.6		(0.6)
Balance as of September 30, 2021	$	(111.0)	$	(61.7)	$	0.4	$	(172.3)

Balance as of June 30, 2020	$	(97.1)	$	(54.6)	$	(4.4)	$	(156.1)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(6.7)		0.1		(1.1)		(7.7)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI to net income ⁽¹⁾		—		1.6		1.5		3.1
Balance as of September 30, 2020	$	(103.8)	$	(52.9)	$	(4.0)	$	(160.7)

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	Cumulative		Pension & Other
	Translation		Postretirement Benefit		Cash Flow
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020	Adjustments		Plans, Net		Hedges, Net		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2020	$	(109.0)	$	(71.9)	$	(5.2)	$	(186.1)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(2.0)		9.3		3.0		10.3
Amounts reclassified from AOCI to net income⁽¹⁾		—		0.9		2.6		3.5
Balance as of September 30, 2021	$	(111.0)	$	(61.7)	$	0.4	$	(172.3)

Balance as of December 31, 2019	$	(106.7)	$	(56.3)	$	0.6	$	(162.4)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		2.9		0.7		(6.2)		(2.6)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI to net loss⁽¹⁾		—		2.7		1.6		4.3
Balance as of September 30, 2020	$	(103.8)	$	(52.9)	$	(4.0)	$	(160.7)

(1)

The following is a summary of amounts reclassified from AOCI to net income (loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,				Statements of Operations
AOCI Components	2021		2020		2021		2020		Classification
Cash flow hedging items
Foreign exchange cash flow hedges	$	(0.3)	$	0.7	$	—	$	—	Cost of sales
Interest rate swaps		0.9		0.8		2.6		1.6	Interest expense, net
Total before tax		0.6		1.5		2.6		1.6
Tax effect		—		—		—		—	Provision for income taxes
Total, net of tax	$	0.6	$	1.5	$	2.6	$	1.6

Amortization of pension and other postretirement benefit plan items
Prior service credit	$	(0.2)	$	(0.3)	$	(0.7)	$	(0.9)	(a)
Net actuarial loss		1.7		1.2		5.3		3.5	(a)
Net curtailment and settlement (gain) loss		(2.5)		1.1		(2.5)		1.1	(a)
Total before tax		(1.0)		2.0		2.1		3.7
Tax effect		(0.2)		(0.4)		(1.2)		(1.0)	Provision for income taxes
Total, net of tax	$	(1.2)	$	1.6	$	0.9	$	2.7

(a)

These AOCI components are included in the computation of net periodic benefit costs (see Note 14).

NOTE 19—EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per ordinary share (“basic EPS”) is computed by dividing net income available to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of the Company’s ordinary shares outstanding for the applicable period. Diluted earnings per ordinary share (“diluted EPS”) is calculated using net income available to ordinary shareholders divided by diluted weighted average ordinary shares outstanding during each period, which includes unvested RSUs, option awards, and PSUs. Diluted EPS considers the impact of potentially dilutive securities except in periods in which there is a loss from continuing operations because the inclusion of the potential ordinary shares would have an anti-dilutive effect.

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The following table presents basic EPS and diluted EPS for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020. Amounts have been recast to reflect the Company’s classification of its Synthetic Rubber business as discontinued operations for all periods presented.


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(in millions, except per share data)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Earnings:
Net income (loss) from continuing operations	$	79.4	$	40.2	$	278.2	$	(3.4)
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations		13.7		65.6		38.0		(55.4)
Net income (loss)	$	93.1	$	105.8	$	316.2	$	(58.8)
Shares:
Weighted average ordinary shares outstanding		38.8		38.3		38.7		38.4
Dilutive effect of RSUs, option awards, and PSUs⁽¹⁾		0.7		0.1		0.9		—
Diluted weighted average ordinary shares outstanding		39.5		38.4		39.6		38.4
Income (loss) per share:
Income (loss) per share—basic:
Continuing operations		2.04		1.05		7.19		(0.09)
Discontinued operations		0.35		1.72		0.98		(1.44)
Income (loss) per share—basic	$	2.39	$	2.77	$	8.17	$	(1.53)
Income (loss) per share—diluted:
Continuing operations		2.01		1.04		7.03		(0.09)
Discontinued operations		0.35		1.71		0.96		(1.44)
Income (loss) per share—diluted	$	2.36	$	2.75	$	7.99	$	(1.53)

(1)

Refer to Note 15 for discussion of RSUs, option awards, and PSUs granted to certain Company directors and employees. There were 0.6 million anti-dilutive shares that have been excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. There were 1.6 million anti-dilutive shares that have been excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended September 30, 2020. As the Company recorded a net loss from continuing operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, potential shares related to equity-based awards have been excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS, as doing so would be anti-dilutive.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

2021 Year-to-Date Highlights

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, Trinseo recognized net income from continuing operations of $79.4 million and $278.2 million, respectively, and Adjusted EBITDA of $173.4 million and $596.7 million, respectively, as the Company’s strong performance from the first half of the year continued into the third quarter, enhanced by the additional results from our acquisitions in the Engineered Materials segment, and despite challenging industry operating conditions that arose during the third quarter including high utility costs and constraints in material, labor and energy. Refer to the discussion below for further information and refer to “Non-GAAP Performance Measures” for discussion of our use of non-GAAP measures in evaluating our performance and a reconciliation of these measures. Other highlights for the year are described below.

Redomiciliation to Ireland

On October 8, 2021, we completed the previously-announced cross-border merger transaction, pursuant to which our former publicly-traded parent company, Trinseo S.A., a Luxembourg limited liability company, was merged with and into Trinseo PLC, an Irish public limited company, as successor issuer to Trinseo S.A. (the “Redomiciliation”). The Redomiciliation was approved by the High Court of Ireland and by Trinseo shareholders at the Company’s annual general meeting. The Redomiciliation is expected to provide Trinseo with a favorable legal and regulatory infrastructure, simplify regulatory requirements, provide dividend withholding tax benefits to shareholders and provide operational efficiencies and reductions in its operating and administrative costs. All references herein to “Trinseo” or the “Company” refer to Trinseo S.A. and its subsidiaries through the effective date of the Redomiciliation, and thereafter refer to Trinseo PLC and its subsidiaries.

In the Redomiciliation, each Trinseo shareholder received an ordinary share of Trinseo PLC for every ordinary share of Trinseo S.A. that they then held, on a one-for-one basis. As a result of the Redomiciliation, the ordinary shares of Trinseo S.A. were suspended from trading on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) and the ordinary shares of Trinseo PLC were listed on the NYSE under the symbol “TSE.” The treasury shares of Trinseo S.A. were cancelled in conjunction with the Redomiciliation. Following the Redomiciliation, we continue to be subject to SEC reporting requirements and the applicable corporate governance rules of the NYSE, and we continue to report our financial results in U.S. dollars and GAAP. As the Redomiciliation was completed subsequent to September 30, 2021, amounts presented herein represent the results of Trinseo S.A. as of and for the periods ended September 30, 2021 and have not been adjusted for the equity transactions completed in connection with the Redomiciliation on October 8, 2021.

Acquisition of Aristech Surfaces

On September 1, 2021, the Company closed on the previously-announced acquisition of Aristech Surfaces LLC (“Aristech Surfaces”), a leading North America manufacturer and global provider of PMMA continuous cast and solid surface sheets, serving the wellness, architectural, transportation and industrial markets, for a preliminary purchase price of $449.7 million, subject to customary working capital and other closing adjustments (the “Aristech Surfaces Acquisition”). Aristech Surfaces’ products are used for a variety of applications, including the construction of hot tubs, swim spas, counter tops, signage, bath products and recreational vehicles. The business will become part of the Company’s Engineered Materials segment. The transaction was funded with cash on hand and existing credit facilities. Refer to Note 3 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for more information.

~~Acquisition of the Arkema PMMA Business~~

~~On March 19, 2021, pursuant to the terms of the Put Option Agreement the Company entered into with~~ ~~Arkema~~ on December 14, 2020 to acquire Arkema’s PMMA business, as described in the Annual Report, and following Arkema’s exercise of its put option right under the Put Option Agreement on March 17, 2021, the Company and Arkema entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “SPA”) relating to the transfer of the PMMA business, and a warranty agreement relating thereto. Pursuant to the SPA, the Company agreed to acquire the PMMA business from Arkema for an initial purchase price of €1.137 billion (approximately $1.36 billion), subject to customary working capital and other closing adjustments. PMMA is a transparent and rigid plastic with a wide range of end uses, and is an attractive adjacent chemistry which complements Trinseo’s existing offerings across several end markets including automotive, building & construction, medical and consumer electronics.

The Acquisition closed on May 3, 2021 and was funded using the net proceeds from the Company’s new financing arrangements, including $450.0 million from its 2029 Senior Notes issued on March 24, 2021 and $750.0 million of incremental term loan borrowings under the 2028 Term Loan B entered into in conjunction with closing of the transaction, as well as available cash. Refer to Note 6 for further information on the financing arrangements used to fund the Acquisition.

~~NOTE 15—SEGMENTS~~

As discussed in the Annual Report, the Company realigned its reporting segments effective October 1, 2020, as a result of which the Company’s former Performance Plastics segment was reorganized into 2 standalone reporting segments: Engineered Materials and Base Plastics. There were no changes to the Company’s remaining 5 segments. Refer to the Annual Report for further information on the resegmentation. The information in the tables below has been retroactively adjusted to reflect the changes in reporting segments.

The Latex Binders segment produces styrene-butadiene latex (“SB latex”) and other latex polymers and binders, primarily for coated paper and packaging board, carpet and artificial turf backings, as well as a number of performance latex binders applications, such as adhesive, building and construction and the technical textile paper market. The Synthetic Rubber segment produces synthetic rubber products used predominantly in high-performance tires, impact modifiers and technical rubber products, such as conveyer belts, hoses, seals and gaskets. The Engineered Materials segment includes the Company’s compounds and blends products sold into higher growth and value applications, such as consumer electronics and medical, as well as the Company’s thermoplastic elastomers (“TPEs”) products which are sold into a variety of applications including footwear and automotive. The Base Plastics segment contains the results of the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (“ABS”), styrene-acrylonitrile (“SAN”), and polycarbonate (“PC”) businesses, as well as compounds and blends for automotive and other applications. The Polystyrene segment includes a variety of general purpose polystyrenes (“GPPS”) and polystyrene that has been modified with polybutadiene rubber to increase its impact resistant properties (“HIPS”). The Feedstocks segment includes the Company’s production and procurement of styrene monomer outside of North America, which is used as a key raw material in many of the Company’s products, including polystyrene, SB latex, ABS resins, and solution styrene-butadiene rubber (“SSBR”). Lastly, the Americas Styrenics segment consists solely of the operations of the Company’s ~~50%-owned joint venture, Americas Styrenics, a producer of both styrene monomer and polystyrene in North America.~~

The following table provides disclosure of the Company’s segment Adjusted EBITDA, which is used to measure segment operating performance and is defined below, for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020. Asset and intersegment sales information by reporting segment is not regularly reviewed or included with the Company’s reporting

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to the chief operating decision maker. Therefore, this information has not been disclosed below. Refer to Note 3 for the Company’s net sales to external customers by segment for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

Latex

Synthetic

Engineered

Base

Americas

Three Months Ended ⁽¹⁾

Binders

Rubber

Materials

Plastics

Polystyrene

Feedstocks

Styrenics

March 31, 2021

$
17.7

$
14.2

$
8.1

$
66.1

$
47.7

$
46.6

$
22.9

March 31, 2020

$
21.5

$
15.3

$
8.2

$
28.5

$
11.8

$
(16.2)

$
9.8

~~(1)~~

~~The reconciliation of income before income taxes to segment Adjusted EBITDA is as follows:~~

Three Months Ended

March 31,


2021

2020

Income (loss) before income taxes

$
92.6

$
(48.2)

Interest expense, net

12.0

10.3

Depreciation and amortization

32.9

36.4

Corporate Unallocated⁽²⁾

22.4

21.9

Adjusted EBITDA Addbacks⁽³⁾

63.4

58.5

Segment Adjusted EBITDA

$
223.3

$
78.9

~~(2)~~

~~Corporate unallocated includes corporate overhead costs and certain other income and expenses.~~

~~(3)~~

~~Adjusted EBITDA addbacks for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:~~

Three Months Ended

March 31,


2021

2020

Net gain on disposition of businesses and assets

$
(0.2)

$
(0.4)

Restructuring and other charges (Note 16)

0.4

1.8

Acquisition transaction and integration net costs (Note 14)

6.0

0.1

Acquisition purchase price hedge loss (Note 8)

55.0

—

Asset impairment charges or write-offs (Note 9)

—

38.3

Other items^(a)

2.2

18.7

Total Adjusted EBITDA Addbacks

$
63.4

$
58.5

~~(a)~~

Other items for the three months ended March 31, 2021 primarily relate to fees incurred in conjunction with certain of the Company’s strategic initiatives. Other items for the three months ended March 31, 2020 primarily relate to advisory and professional fees incurred in conjunction with the Company’s initiative to transition business services from Dow, including certain administrative services such as accounts payable, logistics, and IT services, which was substantially completed in 2020, as well as fees incurred in conjunction with certain of the Company’s strategic initiatives.

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~~NOTE 16—RESTRUCTURING~~

~~The following table provides detail of the Company’s restructuring charges for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:~~

Three Months Ended

Cumulative

March 31,

Life-to-date

2021

2020

Charges

Segment

Corporate Restructuring Program

Accelerated depreciation

$
—

$
1.3

$
2.9

Employee termination benefits

0.3

0.3

19.8

Contract terminations

—

1.2

2.8

Decommissioning and other

—

—

0.2

Corporate Program Subtotal

$
0.3

$
2.8

$
25.7

N/A⁽¹⁾

Other Restructurings

0.1

0.3

Various

Total Restructuring Charges

$
0.4

$
3.1

~~(1)~~

In November 2019, the Company announced a corporate restructuring program associated with the Company’s shift to a global functional structure and business excellence initiatives to drive greater focus on business process optimization and efficiency, which continued through the three months ended March 31, 2021. The Company expects to incur a limited amount of incremental employee termination benefit charges through the end of 2021, and the majority of these benefits are expected to be paid by the end of 2021. As this was identified as a corporate-related activity, the charges related to this restructuring program were not allocated to a specific segment, but rather included within corporate unallocated.

The following table provides a roll forward of the liability balances associated with the Company’s restructuring activities as of March 31, 2021. Employee termination benefit and contract termination charges are primarily recorded within “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Balance at





Balance at


December 31, 2020

Expenses

Deductions⁽¹⁾

March 31, 2021

Employee termination benefits

$
8.4

$
0.3

$
(3.5)

$
5.2

Contract terminations

0.1

—

—

0.1

Decommissioning and other

—

0.1

(0.1)

—

Total

$
8.5

$
0.4

$
(3.6)

$
5.3

~~(1)~~

~~Primarily includes payments made against the existing accrual, as well as immaterial impacts of foreign currency remeasurement.~~

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~~NOTE 17—ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)~~

~~The components of AOCI, net of income taxes, consisted of:~~

Cumulative

Pension & Other


Translation

Postretirement Benefit

Cash Flow

Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and 2020

Adjustments

Plans, Net

Hedges, Net

Total

Balance as of December 31, 2020

$
(109.0)

$
(71.9)

$
(5.2)

$
(186.1)

Other comprehensive income

0.4

—

3.5

3.9

Amounts reclassified from AOCI to net income⁽¹⁾

—

1.1

1.1

2.2

Balance as of March 31, 2021

$
(108.6)

$
(70.8)

$
(0.6)

$
(180.0)

Balance as of December 31, 2019

$
(106.7)

$
(56.3)

$
0.6

$
(162.4)

Other comprehensive income (loss)

10.7

0.6

(3.6)

7.7

Amounts reclassified from AOCI to net income (loss)⁽¹⁾

—

0.6

(0.1)

0.5

Balance as of March 31, 2020

$
(96.0)

$
(55.1)

$
(3.1)

$
(154.2)

~~(1)~~

~~The following is a summary of amounts reclassified from AOCI to net income (loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:~~

Three Months Ended

March 31,

Statements of Operations

AOCI Components

2021

2020

Classification

Cash flow hedging items

Foreign exchange cash flow hedges

$
0.3

$
(0.2)

Cost of sales

Interest rate swaps

0.8

0.1

Interest expense, net

Total before tax

1.1

(0.1)

Tax effect

—

—

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

Total, net of tax

$
1.1

$
(0.1)

Amortization of pension and other postretirement benefit plan items

Prior service credit

$
(0.2)

$
(0.3)

(a)

Net actuarial loss

1.8

1.2

(a)

Total before tax

1.6

0.9

Tax effect

(0.5)

(0.3)

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

Total, net of tax

$
1.1

$
0.6

~~(a)~~

~~These AOCI components are included in the computation of net periodic benefit costs (see Note 12).~~

~~NOTE 18—EARNINGS PER SHARE~~

Basic earnings per ordinary share (“basic EPS”) is computed by dividing net income available to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of the Company’s ordinary shares outstanding for the applicable period. Diluted earnings per ordinary share (“diluted EPS”) is calculated using net income available to ordinary shareholders divided by diluted weighted average ordinary shares outstanding during each period, which includes unvested RSUs, option awards, and PSUs. Diluted EPS considers the impact of potentially dilutive securities except in periods in which there is a loss because the inclusion of the potential ordinary shares would have an anti-dilutive effect.

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~~The following table presents basic EPS and diluted EPS for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:~~

Three Months Ended

March 31,

(in millions, except per share data)

2021

2020

Earnings:

Net income (loss)

$
71.5

$
(36.3)

Shares:

Weighted average ordinary shares outstanding

38.5

38.5

Dilutive effect of RSUs, option awards, and PSUs⁽¹⁾

1.0

—

Diluted weighted average ordinary shares outstanding

39.5

38.5

Income (loss) per share:

Income (loss) per share—basic

$
1.86

$
(0.94)

Income (loss) per share—diluted

$
1.81

$
(0.94)

~~(1)~~

Refer to Note 13 for discussion of RSUs, option awards, and PSUs granted to certain Company directors and employees. There were 0.5 million anti-dilutive shares that have been excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2021. As the Company recorded a net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2020, potential shares related to equity-based awards have been excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS, as doing so would be anti-dilutive.

~~placeholder~~

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~~Item 2. Management’s Discussio~~~~n and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations~~

~~2021 Year-to-Date Highlights~~

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, Trinseo recognized net income of $71.5 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $200.9 million, representing one of the highest quarterly net income and Adjusted EBITDA results in Trinseo’s history. These results were due mainly to higher margins, primarily in Base Plastics, Polystyrene and especially Feedstocks, as well as higher sales volumes in Engineered Materials and Synthetic Rubber. Refer to the discussion below for further information and refer to “Non-GAAP Performance Measures” for discussion of our use of non-GAAP measures in evaluating our performance and a reconciliation of these measures. Other highlights for the year are described below.

Acquisition of the Arkema PMMA Business

On May 3, 2021, the Company closed on the previously-announced acquisition of the ~~Arkema S.A. (“Arkema”)~~ ~~polymethyl methacrylates (“PMMA”)~~PMMA and ~~activated methyl methacrylates (“MMA”)~~MMA businesses (together, referred to herein as the ~~“PMMA business”)~~PMMA business) from Arkema for an initial purchase price consideration of ~~€1.137 billion (approximately $1.36 billion), in addition~~$1,370.7 million, of which $1,369.0 million was paid during the second quarter of 2021, subject to customary working capital and other closing adjustments. The transaction was announced on December 14, 2020, when the Company and Arkema entered into a Put Option Agreement. On March 17, 2021, Arkema exercised its put option right under the Put Option Agreement, pursuant to which the Company and Arkema entered into a securities purchase agreementadjustments (the ~~“SPA”) on March 19, 2021 relating to the transfer of the PMMA business, and a warranty agreement relating thereto (the “Acquisition”~~“PMMA Acquisition”). The PMMA Acquisition was funded primarily using proceeds from new debt financing arrangements, as described below. PMMA is a transparent and rigid plastic with a wide range of end uses, and complements Trinseo’s existing offerings across several end markets including automotive, building & construction, medical and consumer electronics. Refer to Note 3 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.

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New Financing Arrangements

On March 24, 2021, the Company issued $450.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.125% senior notes due 2029 (the “2029 Senior Notes”). Further, on May 3, 2021, in conjunction with the closing of the PMMA Acquisition, the Company entered into $750.0 million in incremental term loan borrowings (“2028 Term Loan B”) under our existing senior secured credit facility. The net proceeds from the 2029 Senior Notes and the 2028 Term Loan B, as well as available cash, were used to fund the PMMA Acquisition. Refer to Note 68 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further details on these new financing arrangements.

~~Exploration of Potential~~ Divestiture of Synthetic Rubber Business

~~In December 2020,~~On May 21, 2021, the Company ~~announced that we are exploring~~and Synthos PLC and certain of its subsidiaries (together, “Synthos”) entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement, (the “Purchase Agreement”), pursuant to which the ~~potential divestiture of our Synthetic Rubber business. While we are evaluating the best strategy~~Company agreed to ~~pursue for~~sell our Synthetic Rubber business to Synthos in an all-cash transaction with an initial aggregate purchase price of $449.4 million, which reflects a reduction of approximately $41.6 million for the assumption of pension liabilities by Synthos. This initial aggregate purchase price included a working capital target (excluding inventory) of $47.0 million, which was subject to adjustment based on actual amounts conveyed at closing.

On October 21, 2021, the Company and Synthos entered into an amendment to the Purchase Agreement (the “Amended Purchase Agreement”), whereby net working capital (excluding inventory) will not transfer with the sale of the Synthetic Rubber business and, in exchange, the working capital target of $47.0 million will be removed from the purchase price. This will result in an amended purchase price of $402.4 million, subject to certain adjustments related to inventory and the exercise of certain option rights. This amendment had no effect on the intended economics of the sale transaction.

The transaction is expected to close in December of 2021, subject to customary closing conditions. Additionally, Trinseo and Synthos have agreed to enter into a long-term supply agreement, in which we ~~continue to believe that this business remains a valuable asset~~will supply Synthos with ~~potential for growth~~certain raw materials used in the ~~global tire market.~~Synthetic Rubber business as of the date the transaction closes.

As a result of the above agreements, the assets and liabilities of the Company’s Synthetic Rubber business were classified as held-for-sale starting in the second quarter of 2021 in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and the associated operating results of the Synthetic Rubber business, net of income tax, have been classified as discontinued operations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and statements of cash flows for all periods presented. Refer to Note 4 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.

Exploration of Divestiture of Styrenics Businesses

Trinseo has begun work to explore the divesture of the Company’s styrenics businesses and plans to launch a formal sales process in the first quarter of 2022. The scope of this potential divestiture is expected to include the Feedstocks and Polystyrene reporting segments as well as our 50% ownership of Americas Styrenics.

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Results of Operations

Results of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and 2020

Three Months Ended

March 31,

(in millions)

2021

%

2020

%

Net sales

$
1,092.6

100
%

$
853.5

100
%

Cost of sales

890.6

82
%

783.8

92
%

Gross profit

202.0

18
%

69.7

8
%

Selling, general and administrative expenses

62.6

6
%

77.5

9
%

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates

22.9

2
%

9.8

1
%

Impairment charges

—

—
%

38.3

4
%

Operating income (loss)

162.3

14
%

(36.3)

(4)
%

Interest expense, net

12.0

1
%

10.3

1
%

Acquisition purchase price hedge loss

55.0

5
%

—

—
%

Other expense, net

2.7

—
%

1.6

—
%

Income (loss) before income taxes

92.6

8
%

(48.2)

(6)
%

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

21.1

2
%

(11.9)

(1)
%

Net income (loss)

$
71.5

6
%

$
(36.3)

(4)
%


	Three Months Ended									Nine Months Ended
	September 30,									September 30,
(in millions)	2021		%			2020		%		2021		%		2020		%
Net sales	$	1,269.3	100	%		$	679.2	100	%	$	3,529.0	100	%	$	1,976.5	100	%
Cost of sales		1,101.0	87	%			572.9	84	%		2,951.7	84	%		1,789.1	91	%
Gross profit		168.3	13	%			106.3	16	%		577.3	16	%		187.4	9	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses		76.4	6	%			46.3	7	%		230.4	7	%		171.8	9	%
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates		17.1	1	%			18.3	3	%		70.2	2	%		42.5	2	%
Impairment charges		1.2	—	%			—	—	%		3.0	—	%		10.3	1	%
Operating income		107.8	8	%	��		78.3	12	%		414.1	11	%		47.8	1	%
Interest expense, net		23.0	2	%			10.0	1	%		56.6	2	%		32.0	2	%
Acquisition purchase price hedge loss		—	—	%			—	—	%		22.0	1	%		—	—	%
Other expense (income), net		(0.1)	—	%			1.2	—	%		8.4	—	%		3.0	—	%
Income from continuing operations before income taxes		84.9	6	%			67.1	11	%		327.1	8	%		12.8	1	%
Provision for income taxes		5.5	—	%			26.9	4	%		48.9	1	%		16.2	1	%
Net income (loss) from continuing operations	$	79.4	6	%		$	40.2	7	%	$	278.2	7	%	$	(3.4)	—	%
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes		13.7	1	%			65.6	10	%		38.0	1	%		(55.4)	(3)	%
Net income	$	93.1	7	%		$	105.8	17	%	$	316.2	8	%	$	(58.8)	(3)	%

Three Months Ended – ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 vs. ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020

Net Sales

Of the ~~28%~~87% increase in net sales, ~~16%~~61% was attributable to increased selling prices, mainly due to the pass through of higher raw material costs and 7%24% was due to ~~increased volumes. An additional 4%~~the contribution from our acquisitions in 2021, including the PMMA Acquisition, which closed on May 3, 2021, and the Aristech Surfaces Acquisition, which closed on September 1, 2021.

Cost of Sales

The 92% increase in cost of sales was primarily attributable to a 57% increase in raw material costs, a 27% increase related to the PMMA Acquisition and Aristech Surfaces Acquisition, and a 5% increase from higher utility costs.

Gross Profit

The increase in gross profit of 58% was primarily attributable to higher margins, due to strong demand and tight supply mainly in polystyrene, ABS, and PC, and higher volume, particularly in Latex Binders, supplemented by contributions from our acquisitions. See the segment discussion below for further information.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses (SG&A)

The $30.1 million, or 65%, increase in SG&A was primarily due to an increase in personnel costs of $12.3 million due to the Company's improved performance during 2021 and the addition of personnel from acquisitions, as well as $10.1 million of acquisition transaction and integration costs incurred in connection with the PMMA Acquisition and the

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Aristech Surfaces Acquisition during the period. Also contributing to the increase was a $2.5 million increase in costs associated with the Company’s strategic initiatives.

Equity in Earnings of Unconsolidated Affiliates

The decrease in equity earnings of $1.2 million was due to lower equity earnings from Americas Styrenics, mainly attributable to headwinds from production issues caused by Hurricane Ida, as well as lower styrene margins.

Impairment Charges

During the three months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recorded impairment charges of $0.3 million related to our Boehlen styrene monomer assets, as described within Note 11 in the condensed consolidated financial statements, as well as impairment charges of $0.9 million related to certain long-lived assets in our Base Plastics segment.

Interest Expense, Net

The increase in interest expense, net of $13.0 million, or 130%, was primarily attributable to the Company’s issuance of the 2029 Senior Notes in the first quarter of 2021 and the 2028 Term Loan B during the second quarter of 2021. Refer to Note 8 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.

Other Expense (Income), Net

Other income, net for the three months ended September 30, 2021 was $0.1 million, which included a $1.1 million of benefit related to the non-service cost components of net periodic benefit cost, partially offset by foreign exchange transaction losses of $0.4 million. These net foreign exchange transaction losses included $23.7 million of foreign exchange transaction losses primarily from the remeasurement of our euro denominated payables due to the relative changes in rates between the U.S. dollar and the euro during the period, almost entirely offset by $23.3 million of gains from our foreign exchange forward contracts.

Other expense, net for the three months ended September 30, 2020 was $1.2 million, which included $2.3 million of expense related to the non-service cost components of net periodic benefit cost, partially offset by foreign exchange transaction gains of $0.8 million. Net foreign transaction gains included $14.0 million of gains primarily from the remeasurement of our euro-denominated payables due to the relative changes in rates between the U.S. dollar and the euro during the period, offset by $13.2 million of losses from our foreign exchange forward contracts.

Provision for Income Taxes

Provision for income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2021 totaled $5.5 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of 6.5%. Provision for income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2020 totaled $26.9 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of 40.1%.

The decrease in provision for income taxes is primarily driven by the release of a valuation allowance of $16.3 million in the third quarter of 2021, as a result of improvements in actual business operations and projected future results of one of the Company’s subsidiaries in China.

Net Income (Loss) from Discontinued Operations, Net of Income Taxes

Net income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes during the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was $13.7 million and $65.6 million, respectively, and was related the results of our Synthetic Rubber business. Refer to Note 4 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.

Nine Months Ended – September 30, 2021 vs. September 30, 2020

Net Sales

Of the 79% increase in net sales, 56% was attributable to increased selling prices, mainly due to the pass through of higher raw material costs, 14% was due to the contribution from our acquisitions in 2021, including the PMMA

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Acquisition and the Aristech Surfaces Acquisition. Additionally, there was a 6% increase from higher sales volumes and a 3% increase due to currency impacts as the euro strengthened in comparison to the U.S. dollar during the period.

Cost of Sales

The ~~14%~~65% increase in cost of sales was primarily attributable to a 3%49% increase in raw material costs, a 5%15% increase ~~in volumes,~~related to the PMMA Acquisition and Aristech Surfaces Acquisition, and a 4%6% increase due to ~~currency impacts and~~higher sales volumes. These effects were partially offset by a ~~2% increase in utility costs.~~decrease of 6% due to the impact of inventory revaluation.

Gross Profit

The increase in gross profit of ~~190%~~208% was primarily attributable to higher margins, ~~primarily~~due to strong demand and tight supply, mainly in ~~Base Plastics, Polystyrene,~~styrene, polystyrene, ABS, and ~~Feedstocks, where March styrene margins were the highest observed~~PC, and higher volume, particularly in ~~over twenty years.~~automotive. See the segment discussion below for further information.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses (SG&A)

The ~~$14.9~~$58.6 million, or ~~19%~~34%, ~~decrease~~increase in SG&A was primarily due to ~~several factors. Lower~~an increase in personnel costs of $25.3 million due to the Company's improved performance during 2021 and the addition of personnel from acquisitions, as well as $49.2 million of acquisition transaction and integration costs incurred in connection with the PMMA Acquisition and the Aristech Surfaces Acquisition. There was an additional increase of $7.3 million attributable to foreign exchange rate impacts. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $19.3 million from lower advisory and professional fees, mainly related to the Company’s transition of business and technical services from Dow ~~which was largely completed~~ in ~~the first quarter~~early 2020, a decrease of ~~2020, resulted in~~$5.9 million from lower costs associated with strategic initiatives, and a ~~$16.8~~decrease of $5.3 million ~~decrease. Also contributing to the decrease was a $2.2 million reduction~~ in bad debt expense and a $1.4 million decrease in restructuring costs. Partially offsetting these decreases was an increase of $5.9 million due to transaction and integration costs incurred related to the acquisition of the Arkema PMMA business.expense.

Equity in Earnings of Unconsolidated Affiliates

The increase in equity earnings of ~~$13.1~~$27.7 million was due to equity earnings from Americas Styrenics, mainly attributable to increased sales volume and higher styrene margins in North America.

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Impairment Charges

~~Impairment charges for~~During the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and 2020, ~~were~~the Company recorded impairment charges of $2.1 million and $10.3 million, respectively, related to ~~the impairment charges recorded on the~~our Boehlen styrene monomer assets, ~~and Schkopau PBR assets~~as described within Note 11 in the condensed consolidated financial statements. Additionally, during the ~~period.~~nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recorded $0.9 million of impairment charges on certain long-lived assets in our Base Plastics segment.

Interest Expense, Net

The increase in interest expense, net of ~~$1.7~~$24.6 million, or ~~17%~~77%, was primarily attributable to the Company’s issuance of the 2029 Senior Notes during the first quarter of 2021 and the 2028 Term Loan B during the second quarter of 2021. Refer to Note 68 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.

Acquisition Purchase Price Hedge Loss

The ~~$55.0~~$22.0 million acquisition purchase price hedge loss for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 was due to the change in fair value of the Company’s forward currency hedge arrangement on the euro-denominated purchase price of the Arkema PMMA business.

Other Expense (Income), Net

Other expense, net for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 was ~~$2.7~~$8.4 million, which included ~~$2.0~~$2.3 million of expense related to the non-service cost components of net periodic benefit cost ~~as well as~~and $4.5 million of transfer taxes associated with the PMMA Acquisition. These expense amounts were partially offset by foreign exchange transaction ~~losses~~gains of ~~$0.2 million.~~ ~~Net foreign transaction losses~~$0.4 million, which included ~~$19.9~~$43.0 million of foreign exchange transaction losses primarily from the remeasurement of our euro denominated payables due to the relative changes in rates between the U.S. dollar and the euro during the period, offset by ~~$19.7~~$43.4 million of gains from our foreign exchange forward contracts,, excluding the acquisition purchase price hedge.

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Other expense, net for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 was ~~$1.6~~$3.0 million, which included ~~$1.4~~$4.6 million of expense related to the non-service cost components of net periodic benefit cost, ~~as well as~~partially offset by foreign exchange transaction ~~losses~~gains of ~~$0.2~~$1.4 million. Net foreign transaction ~~losses~~gains included ~~$14.0~~$8.9 million of foreign exchange transaction ~~losses~~gains primarily from the remeasurement of our ~~euro denominated~~euro-denominated payables due to the relative changes in rates between the U.S. dollar and the euro during the period, offset by ~~$13.8~~$7.5 million of ~~gains~~losses from our foreign exchange forward contracts.

Provision for ~~(Benefit from)~~ Income Taxes

Provision for income taxes for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 totaled ~~$21.1~~$48.9 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of ~~22.8%~~14.9%. ~~Benefit from~~Provision for income taxes for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 totaled ~~$11.9~~$16.2 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of ~~24.6%~~126.5%.

The increase in provision for income taxes is primarily driven by the ~~$140.8~~$314.3 million increase in income from continuing operations before income taxes, partially offset by the release of a valuation allowance of $16.3 million in the third quarter of 2021, as a result of improvements in actual business operations and projected future results of one of the Company’s subsidiaries in China.

Net Income (Loss) from Discontinued Operations, Net of Income Taxes

Net income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was $38.0 million and $(55.4) million, respectively, and was related the results of our Synthetic Rubber business. Refer to Note 4 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.

Outlook

~~Following a year in which there were challenging economic~~During the third quarter several adverse industry factors have emerged such as high energy prices and multiple supply chain and production challenges including material, shipping container and labor shortages as well as elevated freight costs. Despite these difficult operating and supply conditions, ~~due to~~we expect continued strong earnings and cash generation through the ~~adverse impacts~~end of the ~~COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in~~year. In addition, we are making significant progress with the first half of 2020, the Company observed continued market recovery in the first quarter of 2021. As a result of the strong market conditions and the Company’s continued focus on our business excellence program, the Company had oneintegration of our ~~highest quarterly net income results~~new acquisitions, including the PMMA business and ~~our highest quarterly Adjusted EBITDA in our history during the first quarter of 2021. As~~Aristech Surfaces, as discussed above in “2021 ~~Highlights,~~Highlights.” on May 3, 2021 the Company completed the acquisition of the Arkema PMMA business, which is the first step in our transformation into an advanced specialty and sustainable solutions provider. With one of our best profitability quarters ever in the first quarter, a similar outlook for the second quarter, the PMMA business acquisition and continued focus on business excellence initiatives, we expect very strong profitability in 2021.

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Selected Segment Information

The following sections describe net sales, Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA margin by segment for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and 2020. Inter-segment sales have been eliminated. Refer to Note 1516 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information on our segments, as well as for a detailed definition of Adjusted EBITDA and a reconciliation of income from continuing operations before income taxes to segment Adjusted EBITDA. ~~Prior~~Beginning in the second quarter of 2021, the Company reported the results of the Synthetic Rubber business, as discontinued operations in the condensed consolidated statement of operations for all periods presented, and therefore, it is no longer presented as a separate reportable segment. Refer to Note 4 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information. Additionally, prior period segment amounts herein have been recast in conjunction with the Company’s segment realignment that occurred during the fourth quarter of 2020, as described in Note 1516 of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Latex Binders Segment

Our Latex Binders segment produces styrene-butadiene latex (“SB latex”) and other latex polymers and binders primarily for coated paper and packaging board, carpet and artificial turf backings, as well as a broad range of performance latex binders products, including SB latex, styrene-acrylate latex (“SA latex”), and vinylidene chloride latex for coatings, adhesives, sealants, and elastomers (“CASE”) applications.

Three Months Ended

March 31,

($ in millions)


2021


2020

% Change

Net sales

$
250.9


$
219.1


15
%
Adjusted EBITDA

$
17.7

$
21.5


(18)
%
Adjusted EBITDA margin

7
%

10
%

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	Three Months Ended								Nine Months Ended
	September 30,								September 30,
($ in millions)	2021			2020			% Change		2021			2020			% Change
Net sales	$	315.6		$	183.2		72	%	$	877.6		$	567.3		55	%
Adjusted EBITDA	$	37.1		$	18.7		98	%	$	86.2		$	55.4		56	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin		12	%		10	%				10	%		10	%

Three Months Ended – ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 vs. ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020

The ~~15%~~72% increase in net sales was primarily due to a 9%64% increase in pricing from the pass through of raw material costs, mainly styrene and butadiene. Additionally, there was an increase of 7% due to increased sales volume for the period, which was driven by higher sales to CASE and paper applications.

The $18.4 million, or 98%, increase in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to an increase of $14.7 million, or 79%, attributable to higher margins. The increase was also due to increased sales volume of $5.2 million, or 28%, as well as an increase of $0.6 million, or 3%, caused by foreign exchange rate impacts. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $1.7 million, or 9%, due to higher fixed costs.

Nine Months Ended – September 30, 2021 vs. September 30, 2020

The 55% increase in net sales was primarily due to a 47% increase in pricing from the pass through of raw material costs, mainly styrene and butadiene. Additionally, there was an increase of 4% due to foreign exchange rate impacts and an increase of 2%4% due to increased sales volume for the period, which was primarily attributable to higher sales following headwinds in the prior year from COVID-19. Sales volumes to CASE ~~textile, board and specialty paper~~ applications ~~partially offset by lower sales to graphical paper applications.~~increased 23% on a year-to-date basis.

The ~~$3.8~~$30.8 million, or ~~18%~~56%, ~~decrease~~increase in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to lower margins of $7.0 million, or 33%, which was a result of unfavorable net timing caused by an unfavorable price lag from the sharp increase in styrene prices in March. These decreases were partially offset by an increase of ~~$2.1~~$18.7 million, or ~~10%~~34%, ~~due to foreign exchange rate impacts and an increase of $1.8 million, or 8%, attributable to~~from increased sales volume, as noted ~~above.~~

~~Synthetic Rubber Segment~~

~~Our Synthetic Rubber segment produces styrene-butadiene and polybutadiene-based rubber products used predominantly in high-performance tires, impact modifiers and technical rubber products, such~~above, as ~~conveyor belts, hoses, seals and gaskets. We have a broad synthetic rubber technology and product portfolio, focusing on specialty products, such~~well as ~~solution styrene-butadiene rubber (“SSBR”), while also producing core products, such as emulsion styrene-butadiene rubber (“ESBR”)~~.

Three Months Ended

March 31,

($ in millions)


2021


2020

% Change

Net sales

$
124.2


$
101.7


22
%
Adjusted EBITDA

$
14.2

$
15.3


(7)
%
Adjusted EBITDA margin

11
%

15
%

~~Three Months Ended – March 31, 2021 vs. March 31, 2020~~

~~Of the 22%~~an increase ~~in net sales, 11%~~ of ~~the increase was~~$13.9 million, or 25%, due to higher margins. Additionally, foreign exchange rate impacts ~~and 10%~~ of ~~the increase was due to increased sales volume, particularly in SSBR due to growth initiatives and improvement in tire market demand.~~

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~~The $1.1~~$5.2 million, or ~~7%, decrease in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due~~9% contributed to lower margins, including an unfavorable impact from net timing, which resulted in a $5.8 million, or 38%, decrease, as well as higher fixed costs, which resulted in a $3.4 million, or 22%, decrease, and which were attributable to a prior year inventory build recognized in the ~~current period.~~overall increase. These ~~decreases~~increases were partially offset by ~~increased sales volume, as described above, which resulted in~~ a ~~$6.0~~decrease from higher fixed costs of $6.2 million, or ~~39%, increase. Further offsetting these decreases was an increase of $2.1 million, or 14%, due to foreign exchange rate impacts.~~11%.

Engineered Materials Segment

Our Engineered Materials segment consists of rigid thermoplastic compounds and blends products sold into high growth and high value applications in markets such as consumer electronics and medical, as well as soft thermoplastic elastomers (“TPEs”) products which are sold into markets such as footwear and automotive. Additionally, following the PMMA Acquisition on May 3, 2021 and the Aristech Surfaces Acquisition on September 1, 2021, the Engineered Materials segment also includes PMMA and MMA products, which are sold into a variety of applications including automotive, building & construction, medical, consumer electronics, and wellness, among others..

Three Months Ended

March 31,

($ in millions)


2021


2020

% Change

Net sales

$
65.8


$
47.7


38
%
Adjusted EBITDA

$
8.1

$
8.2


(1)
%
Adjusted EBITDA margin

12
%

17
%


	Three Months Ended								Nine Months Ended
	September 30,								September 30,
($ in millions)	2021			2020			% Change		2021			2020			% Change
Net sales	$	230.8		$	50.0		362	%	$	477.5		$	135.2		253	%
Adjusted EBITDA	$	32.7		$	9.4		248	%	$	68.5		$	22.3		207	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin		14	%		19	%				14	%		16	%

Three Months Ended – ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 vs. ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020

~~The 38%~~Of the $180.8 million, or 362%, increase in net sales, $162.5 million, or 325%, was attributable to the contribution from the PMMA business and the Aristech Surfaces acquisitions. Excluding these acquisitions, sales price, primarily from the pass through of higher raw materials, and sales volumes positively impacted net sales by 29% and 7%, respectively, compared to the prior year.

Adjusted EBITDA increased $23.3 million, or 248%, of which 291% was attributable to the contribution from the PMMA business and Aristech Surfaces acquisitions. Excluding these acquisitions, there were volume gains of $1.5

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million, or 16%, from the legacy portion of the business, which were offset by lower margins of $4.6 million, or 49%, from higher raw material costs.

Nine Months Ended – September 30, 2021 vs. September 30, 2020

Of the $342.3 million, or 253%, increase in net sales, $269.9 million, or 199%, was due to ~~increased sales volume~~the inclusion of ~~35%, due mainly to higher sales volume to consumer electronics applications in Asia~~the PMMA business and ~~TPE applications in Europe.~~Aristech Surfaces, following their respective acquisitions during the period. Additionally, there was an increase of 4%34% from sales volumes, primarily from COVID-19 impacts in the prior year, as well as an increase of 16% due primarily to the pass through of higher raw material costs.

Adjusted EBITDA increased $46.2 million, or 207%, which was almost entirely due to ~~foreign exchange rate impacts. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of 2% due to lower pricing.~~

~~The $0.1 million, or 1%, decrease~~the contribution from the PMMA business and Aristech Surfaces acquisitions. Increases in Adjusted EBITDA ~~was primarily due to a decrease of $8.9 million, or 109%, attributable to~~from volume gains following negative COVID-19 impacts in the prior year were fully offset by lower margins ~~resulting~~ from higher raw material costs ~~primarily polycarbonate, which were partially offset by increased sales volume resulting in a $7.6 million, or 93%, increase~~ as ~~discussed above, and an additional increase of $0.9 million, or 11%, due to lower~~well as higher fixed costs.

Base Plastics Segment

Our Base Plastics segment consists of a variety of compounds and blends, the majority of which are for automotive applications. The segment also includes our acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (“ABS”), styrene-acrylonitrile (“SAN”), and polycarbonate (“PC”) businesses.

Three Months Ended

March 31,

($ in millions)


2021


2020

% Change

Net sales

$
328.9


$
257.4


28
%
Adjusted EBITDA

$
66.1

$
28.5


132
%
Adjusted EBITDA margin

20
%

11
%


	Three Months Ended								Nine Months Ended
	September 30,								September 30,
($ in millions)	2021			2020			% Change		2021			2020			% Change
Net sales	$	393.3		$	240.1		64	%	$	1,119.3		$	649.1		72	%
Adjusted EBITDA	$	87.9		$	40.5		117	%	$	235.0		$	55.6		323	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin		22	%		17	%				21	%		9	%

Three Months Ended – ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 vs. ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020

Of the ~~28%~~64% increase in net sales, ~~12%~~61% was due to higher pricing from the pass through of raw material costs, primarily styrene, and commercial excellence actions. Sales volume was relatively flat, contributing an increase of 1% to net sales, as stronger demand in applications such as building & construction were mostly offset by production issues for automotive customers.

The $47.4 million, or 117%, increase in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to higher margins of $45.8 million, or 113%, particularly in ABS and PC products attributable to commercial excellence initiatives as well as tight supply and strong demand. Also contributing was an increase of $1.5 million, or 4%, due to foreign exchange rate impacts as well as an increase of $1.4 million, or 3%, due to higher sales volumes. These effects were partially offset by a decrease of $1.1 million, or 3% due to higher fixed costs.

Nine Months Ended – September 30, 2021 vs. September 30, 2020

Of the 72% increase in net sales, 55% was due to higher pricing from the pass through of raw material costs, primarily styrene. ~~An additional 8%~~There was also a 12% increase ~~was~~ attributable to ~~increased~~higher sales volume toin applications ~~such as~~like construction and automotive where COVID-19 caused production shutdowns in the prior year, as well as a 7%6% increase ~~was~~ due to foreign exchange rate impacts.

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The ~~$37.6~~$179.4 million, or ~~132%~~323%, increase in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to higher margins of ~~$21.9~~$128.8 million, or ~~77%~~231%, particularly in ABS and ~~polycarbonate, as well as~~PC products. Also contributing was an increase of ~~$8.5~~$32.8 million, or ~~30%~~59%, due to higher sales volume, an increase of $13.7 million, or 25%, due to foreign exchange rate ~~impacts. Also contributing to the~~impacts, and an increase ~~was a $5.3~~of $4.7 million, or ~~19%~~8%, ~~decrease in~~due to lower fixed costs primarily from higher fixed cost absorption in comparison to the ~~Company’s cost reduction initiatives as well as an increase of $1.9 million, or 7%, due to increased sales volume.~~prior year.

Polystyrene Segment

Our product offerings in our Polystyrene segment include a variety of general purpose polystyrenes (“GPPS”) and polystyrene that has been modified with polybutadiene rubber to increase its impact resistant properties (“HIPS”). These

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products provide customers with performance and aesthetics at a low cost across applications, including appliances, packaging, including food packaging and food service disposables, consumer electronics, and building and construction materials. In April 2021, the Company announced our plans to build a full commercial scale polystyrene recycling plant in Tessenderlo, Belgium, which is expected to be operational in 2023.

Three Months Ended

March 31,

($ in millions)


2021


2020

% Change

Net sales

$
266.9


$
182.8


46
%
Adjusted EBITDA

$
47.7

$
11.8


304
%
Adjusted EBITDA margin

18
%

6
%


	Three Months Ended								Nine Months Ended
	September 30,								September 30,
($ in millions)	2021			2020			% Change		2021			2020			% Change
Net sales	$	274.8		$	167.3		64	%	$	855.0		$	505.9		69	%
Adjusted EBITDA	$	51.2		$	20.4		151	%	$	149.6		$	46.4		222	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin		19	%		12	%				17	%		9	%

Three Months Ended – ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 vs. ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020

Of the ~~46%~~64% increase in net sales, ~~39%~~69% of the increase was due to higher pricing primarily from the pass through of higher styrene costs to our ~~customers, and 7% of the~~customers. This increase was ~~due to increased~~slightly offset by decreased sales volume ~~particularly~~of 5%, caused by higher demand in ~~appliances and consumer goods applications.~~the prior year to COVID-19 essential applications such as packaging.

The ~~$35.9~~$30.8 million, or ~~304%~~151%, increase in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to higher margins ~~particularly~~resulting from commercial excellence initiatives and very tight market conditions, which resulted in ~~Asia,~~an increase of $33.1 million, or 162%. These effects were partially offset by a decrease of $2.0 million, or 10%, from lower sales volume as noted above.

Nine Months Ended – September 30, 2021 vs. September 30, 2020

Of the 69% increase in net sales, 73% of the increase was due to higher pricing primarily from the pass through of higher styrene costs to our customers. This increase was slightly offset by a 4% decrease in sales volume following the high demand in the prior year related to COVID-19 essential applications such as packaging.

The $103.2 million, or 222%, increase in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to higher margins resulting from commercial excellence initiatives, strong market conditions, and favorable net raw material timing, which resulted in an increase of ~~$32.3~~$109.9 million, or ~~273%~~237%. ~~Additionally, increased sales volume resulted in a $2.2 million, or 19%, increase, and lower fixed costs resulted in a $1.8 million, or 15%, increase.~~ These effects were partially offset by a ~~$1.0~~$4.0 million, or 8%9%, decrease attributable to lower sales volume and a $2.6 million, or 6%, decrease due to foreign exchange rate impacts.

Feedstocks Segment

The Feedstocks segment includes the Company’s production and procurement of styrene monomer outside of North America, which is used as a key raw material for the production of polystyrene, expandable polystyrene, SAN resins, SA latex, SB latex, ABS resins, unsaturated polyethylene resins, and styrene-butadiene rubber.

Three Months Ended

March 31,

($ in millions)


2021


2020

% Change

Net sales

$
55.9


$
44.8


25
%
Adjusted EBITDA

$
46.6

$
(16.2)


388
%
Adjusted EBITDA margin

83
%

(36)
%


	Three Months Ended								Nine Months Ended
	September 30,								September 30,
($ in millions)	2021			2020			% Change		2021			2020			% Change
Net sales	$	54.8		$	38.6		42	%	$	199.6		$	119.0		68	%
Adjusted EBITDA	$	(27.6)		$	10.1		(373)	%	$	58.5		$	(10.6)		652	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin		(50)	%		26	%				29	%		(9)	%

Three Months Ended – ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 vs. ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020

Of the ~~25%~~42% increase in net sales, ~~38%~~59% was due to higher pricing from the pass through of higher styrene prices. This effect was partially offset by a ~~13%~~16% decrease due to lower styrene-related sales volume.

The decrease of $37.7 million in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to lower margins including the impact of higher utility costs in Europe from very elevated natural gas prices.

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Nine Months Ended – September 30, 2021 vs. September 30, 2020

Of the 68% increase in net sales, 75% was due to higher pricing from the pass through of higher styrene prices. This effect was partially offset by a 7% decrease due to lower styrene-related sales volume.

The increase of ~~$62.8~~$69.1 million in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to higher styrene margins in Europe from strong demand and tight supply, ~~particularly in March,~~partially offset by higher utility costs, which resulted in an increase of ~~$67.0 million, or 413%.~~$77.9 million. Partially offsetting this effect was a decrease of ~~$2.7~~$7.1 million ~~or 16%,~~ due to foreign exchange rate impacts.

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Americas Styrenics Segment

This segment consists solely of the equity earnings from of our 50%-owned joint venture, Americas Styrenics, a producer of both styrene monomer and polystyrene in North America. Styrene monomer is a basic building block of plastics and a key input to many of the Company’s products, as well as a key raw material for the production of polystyrene. Major applications for the polystyrene products Americas Styrenics produces include appliances, food packaging, food service disposables, consumer electronics, and building and construction materials.

Three Months Ended

March 31,

($ in millions)


2021


2020

% Change

Adjusted EBITDA*

$
22.9

$
9.8


134
%


	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
($ in millions)	2021		2020		% Change		2021		2020		% Change
Adjusted EBITDA*	$	17.1	$	18.3	(7)	%	$	70.2	$	42.5	65	%

*The results of this segment are comprised entirely of earnings from Americas Styrenics, our equity method investment. As such, Adjusted EBITDA related to this segment is included within “Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Three Months Ended – ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 vs. ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020

The decrease in Adjusted EBITDA was mainly due to headwind from production issues caused by Hurricane Ida as well as lower styrene margins.

Nine Months Ended – September 30, 2021 vs. September 30, 2020

The increase in Adjusted EBITDA was mainly due to increased sales volume and higher styrene margins in North America, ~~including~~primarily attributable to stronger demand following COVID-19 impacts ~~from~~in the prior year and industry outages caused by weather related and other events.

Non-GAAP Performance Measures

We present Adjusted EBITDA as a non-GAAP financial performance measure, which we define as income from continuing operations before interest expense, net; provision for income taxes; depreciation and amortization expense; loss on extinguishment of long-term debt; asset impairment charges; gains or losses on the dispositions of businesses and assets; restructuring charges; acquisition related costs and other items. In doing so, we are providing management, investors, and credit rating agencies with an indicator of our ongoing performance and business trends, removing the impact of transactions and events that we would not consider a part of our core operations.

There are limitations to using the financial performance measures such as Adjusted EBITDA. This performance measure is not intended to represent net income or other measures of financial performance. As such, it should not be used as an alternative to net income as an indicator of operating performance. Other companies in our industry may define Adjusted EBITDA differently than we do. As a result, it may be difficult to use this or similarly-named financial measures that other companies may use, to compare the performance of those companies to our performance. We compensate for these limitations by providing a reconciliation of this performance measure to our net income, which is determined in accordance with GAAP.

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Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as follows for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and 2020:

Three Months Ended

March 31,

(in millions)

2021

2020


Net income (loss)

$
71.5

$
(36.3)

Interest expense, net

12.0

10.3

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

21.1

(11.9)

Depreciation and amortization

32.9

36.4

EBITDA^(a)

$
137.5

$
(1.5)

Net gain on disposition of businesses and assets

(0.2)

(0.4)

Restructuring and other charges^(b)

0.4

1.8

Acquisition transaction and integration net costs^(c)

6.0

0.1

Acquisition purchase price hedge loss^(d)

55.0

—

Asset impairment charges or write-offs^(e)

—

38.3

Other items^(f)

2.2

18.7

Adjusted EBITDA

$
200.9

$
57.0


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
(in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Net income (loss)	$	93.1	$	105.8	$	316.2	$	(58.8)
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations		13.7		65.6		38.0		(55.4)
Net income (loss) from continuing operations		79.4		40.2		278.2		(3.4)
Interest expense, net		23.0		10.0		56.6		32.0
Provision for income taxes		5.5		26.9		48.9		16.2
Depreciation and amortization		49.8		21.2		111.0		69.8
EBITDA^(a)	$	157.7	$	98.3	$	494.7	$	114.6
Net gain on disposition of businesses and assets		—		—		(0.2)		(0.4)
Restructuring and other charges^(b)		0.2		(0.1)		6.8		7.0
Acquisition transaction and integration net costs^(c)		13.6		—		62.8		(0.3)
Acquisition purchase price hedge loss^(d)		—		—		22.0		—
Asset impairment charges or write-offs^(e)		1.2		—		3.0		10.3
Other items^(f)		0.7		2.6		7.6		24.3
Adjusted EBITDA	$	173.4	$	100.8	$	596.7	$	155.5

(a)

EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial performance measure that we refer to in making operating decisions because we believe it provides our management as well as our investors and credit agencies with meaningful information regarding the Company’s operational performance. We believe the use of EBITDA as a metric assists our board of directors, management and investors in comparing our operating performance on a consistent basis. Other companies in our industry may define EBITDA differently than we do. As a result, it may be difficult to use EBITDA, or similarly-named financial measures that other companies may use, to compare the performance of those companies to our performance. We compensate for these limitations by providing reconciliations of our EBITDA results to our net income, which is determined in accordance with GAAP.

(b)

Restructuring and other charges for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 primarily relate to the employee termination benefit charges incurred in connection with the Company’s transformational restructuring program, announced in the second quarter of 2021. Restructuring and other charges for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily relate to employee termination benefit charges as well as contract termination charges incurred in connection with the Company’s corporate restructuring program announced in the fourth quarter of ~~2019, as well as charges incurred for the other restructuring programs.~~2019. Refer to Note 1617 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information regarding restructuring activities.

(c)

~~Acquisition transaction and integration net costs~~Amounts for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 ~~relate~~include $10.1 million of total acquisition and integration costs and $3.5 million related to ~~expenses incurred~~amortization of the fair-value step-up to inventory associated with the Aristech Surfaces Acquisition. Amounts for the ~~Company’s~~nine months ended September 30, 2021 include $44.7 million of total acquisition and integration costs, $13.6 million related to amortization of the ~~Arkema~~fair-value step-up to inventory associated with acquisitions, and $4.5 million of transfer taxes related to the PMMA ~~business.~~Acquisition. Refer to Note 3 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.

(d)

Acquisition purchase price hedge loss for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 was due to the change in fair value of the Company’s forward currency hedge arrangement on the euro-denominated purchase price of the Arkema PMMA business. Refer to Note 10 in the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.

(e)

~~Asset impairment charges or write-offs~~Amounts for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2021 primarily relate to the impairment of the Company’s styrene monomer assets in Boehlen, Germany, ~~and PBR assets in Schkopau, Germany. Refer to~~as described within Note 911 in the condensed consolidated financial ~~statements for further information.~~statements. There were additional impairment charges of $0.9 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 recorded on certain long-lived assets in the Base Plastics segment.

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(f)

Other items for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 primarily relate to fees incurred in conjunction with certain of the Company’s strategic ~~initiatives.~~initiatives, including our ERP upgrade project. Other items for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 primarily relate to advisory and professional fees incurred in conjunction with our initiative to transition business services from Dow, including certain administrative services such as accounts payable, logistics, and IT services, which was substantially completed in 2020, as well as fees incurred in conjunction with certain of the Company’s strategic initiatives.

~~Table of Contents~~

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flows

The table below summarizes our primary sources and uses of cash for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and 2020. We have derived the summarized cash flow information from our unaudited financial statements.

Three Months Ended

March 31,

(in millions)

2021

2020

Net cash provided by (used in):



Operating activities
��
$
51.0

$
(5.8)

Investing activities

(12.6)

39.1

Financing activities

450.8

(46.7)

Effect of exchange rates on cash

(9.5)

(2.7)

Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash

$
479.7

$
(16.1)


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
(in millions)	2021		2020
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities - continuing operations	$	247.4	$	91.2
Operating activities - discontinued operations		(9.2)		36.5
Operating activities		238.2		127.7
Investing activities - continuing operations		(1,885.8)		16.2
Investing activities - discontinued operations		(3.3)		(13.5)
Investing activities		(1,889.1)		2.7
Financing activities		1,272.8		(85.1)
Effect of exchange rates on cash		(3.1)		1.3
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	(381.2)	$	46.6

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations during the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 totaled ~~$51.0~~$247.4 million, driven by ~~very~~ strong earnings, ~~during the quarter,~~ and inclusive of ~~a dividend~~dividends received from Americas Styrenics of ~~$15.0~~$60.0 million. ~~Net cash used~~Partially offsetting these factors was a $146.0 million reduction in operating assets and liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2021 totaled $89.8 million, noting an increase in accounts receivable of $138.8 million as well as an increase in inventories of $89.5 million. These effects were partially offset by an increase in accounts payable and other current liabilities of $114.9 million, an increase in other liabilities of $14.6 million, and an increase in income taxes payable of $4.9 million. The increases in accounts receivable, inventories, and accounts payable and other current liabilitiescash from net working capital changes during the period, which were primarily attributable to ~~increased sales volume across all segments except for Feedstocks as well as increased prices, including both~~increases in raw material ~~prices and selling prices due to our pass through pricing arrangements~~costs.

Net cash used in operating activities from discontinued operations during the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 totaled $9.2 million, which was also primarily attributable to raw material cost increases and higher inventory related to discontinued operations.

Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 totaled ~~$5.8~~$91.2 million. This increase in cash was driven by a $54.6 million increase in operating cash generated from net working capital changes during the period, which were primarily attributable to the Company’s liquidity-focused actions during the period, including reduced capital spending, operating expenses, and working capital, as well as the impact of lower raw material prices and sales volumes. Net cash ~~used in~~provided by operating ~~assets and liabilities for~~activities from discontinued operations during the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 totaled ~~$14.6 million, noting an increase in accounts receivable of $12.7 million, a decrease in accounts payable and other current liabilities of $28.9~~$36.5 million, and ~~a decrease in income taxes payable of $3.3 million. This activity~~ was ~~partially offset~~also driven by ~~a decrease in inventories of $26.8 million. Accounts receivable at~~ the ~~end of the first quarter increased relative to the end of 2019 primarily due to higher selling prices in the Engineered Materials, Base Plastics and Polystyrene segments~~Company’s liquidity-focused actions during the period. The decrease in accounts payable and other current liabilities was due to timing of vendor payments, while the decrease in income taxes payable was primarily due to the overall reduction in earnings before income taxes. The decrease in inventories was primarily due to actions taken to reduce inventory levels as well as decreased raw material prices.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations during the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 totaled ~~$12.6~~$1,885.8 million, which was primarily attributable to net cash paid for asset or business acquisitions of $1,806.6 million (see Note 3), capital expenditures of $64.7 million, and payments for the settlement of hedging instruments of $14.7 million (related to the acquisition purchase price hedge – see Note 10). Net cash used in investing activities from discontinued operations during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 totaled $3.3 million, which was entirely attributable to capital expenditures.

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Net cash provided by investing activities from continuing operations during the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 totaled ~~$39.1~~$16.2 million, primarily resulting from proceeds from the settlement of hedging instruments of $51.6 million (see Note 10) as well as proceeds from the sale of businesses and other assets (primarily our land in Livorno, ~~Italy)~~Italy that was sold in January 2020) of ~~$11.6~~$11.9 million. These impacts were partially offset by capital expenditures of ~~$24.3~~$47.4 million,. which management has taken specific actions to control and reduce in response to COVID-19. Net cash used in investing activities from discontinued operations during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 totaled $13.5 million, which was entirely attributable to capital expenditures.

Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities during the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 totaled ~~$450.8~~$1,272.8 million. This activity was primarily due to $746.3 million in proceeds from the issuance of the 2028 Term Loan B, $450.0 million in proceeds from the issuance of the 2029 Senior Notes, ~~as well as $9.0~~$120.0 million in net proceeds from a draw on the Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility, and $10.5 million in proceeds from ~~the~~ exercise of option awards. This activity iswas partially offset by ~~$3.3 million of dividend payments, $2.8 million of net repayments of short-term borrowings, and $1.3~~$35.0 million of deferred financing fees primarily related to the issuance of our ~~2029 Senior Notes~~2028 Term Loan, $11.6 million of net repayments of short-term borrowings, $9.5 million of dividend payments, and $7.1 million of net principal payments related to our 2024 Term Loan B and 2028 Term Loan B during the period.

~~Table of Contents~~

Net cash used in financing activities during the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 totaled ~~$46.7~~$85.1 million. This activity was primarily due to $46.5 million of dividends paid, $25.0 million of payments related to the repurchase of ordinary shares, ~~$15.9 million of dividends paid, $3.5~~$8.2 million of net repayments of short-term borrowings, and ~~$1.7~~$5.2 million of net principal payments related to our 2024 Term Loan B during the period.

Free Cash Flow

We use Free Cash Flow as a non-GAAP measures to evaluate and discuss the Company’s liquidity position and results. Free Cash Flow is defined as cash from operating activities, less capital expenditures. We believe that Free Cash Flow provides an indicator of the Company’s ongoing ability to generate cash through core operations, as it excludes the cash impacts of various financing transactions as well as cash flows from business combinations that are not considered organic in nature. We also believe that Free Cash Flow provides management and investors with useful analytical indicator of our ability to service our indebtedness, pay dividends (when declared), and meet our ongoing cash obligations.

Free Cash Flow is not intended to represent cash flows from operations as defined by GAAP, and therefore, should not be used as ~~alternatives~~an alternative for that measure. Other companies in our industry may define Free Cash Flow differently than we do. As a result, it may be difficult to use this or similarly-named financial measures that other companies may use, to compare the liquidity and cash generation of those companies to our own. We compensate for these limitations by providing a reconciliation to cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations, which is determined in accordance with GAAP.

Three Months Ended

March 31,

(in millions)

2021

2020

Cash provided by (used in) operating activities

$
51.0

$
(5.8)

Capital expenditures

(12.6)

(24.3)

Free Cash Flow

$
38.4

$
(30.1)


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
(in millions)	2021		2020
Cash provided by operating activities	$	238.2	$	127.7
Capital expenditures		(68.0)		(60.9)
Free Cash Flow	$	170.2	$	66.8

Refer to the discussion above for significant impacts to cash provided by operating activities for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and 2020.

Capital Resources and Liquidity

We require cash principally for day-to-day operations, to finance capital investments and other initiatives, to purchase materials, to service our outstanding indebtedness, and to fund the return of capital to shareholders via dividend payments and ordinary share repurchases, when deemed appropriate. Our sources of liquidity include cash on hand, cash flow from operations from continuing operations, and amounts available under the Senior Credit Facility and the Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility (discussed further below).

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As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had ~~$1,637.1~~$2,503.7 million and ~~$1,188.0~~$1,187.3 million, respectively, in outstanding indebtedness and ~~$1,527.4~~$703.7 million and ~~$983.8~~$905.7 million, respectively, in working ~~capital.~~capital (calculated as current assets from continuing operations less current liabilities from continuing operations). In addition, as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had ~~$75.0~~$121.4 million and $172.8 million, respectively, of foreign cash and cash equivalents on our balance sheet, outside of our country of domicile of Luxembourg as of September 30, 2021, all of which is readily convertible into other foreign currencies, including the U.S. dollar. Our intention is not to permanently reinvest our foreign cash and cash equivalents. Accordingly, we record deferred income tax liabilities related to the unremitted earnings of our subsidiaries.

As discussed in Note 68 of the condensed consolidated financial statements, the Company completed a senior note issuance during the first quarter of 2021, and both borrowed a new tranche of term loans and refinanced our revolving credit facility during the second quarter of 2021. Additionally, during the third quarter of 2021, the Company drew on our Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility and extended the maturity of the facility. The results of ~~which~~the changes to our financing arrangements during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 are reflected in the table below. ~~For definitions of capitalized terms not included herein, refer to the Annual Report.~~

The following table outlines our outstanding indebtedness as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 and the associated interest expense, including amortization of deferred financing fees and debt discounts. Effective interest rates for the borrowings included in the table below exclude the impact of deferred financing fee amortization, certain other fees charged to interest expense (such as fees for unused commitment fees during the period), and the impacts of derivatives designated as hedging instruments. For definitions of capitalized terms not included herein, refer to our Annual ~~Report.~~Report on Form 10-K (“Annual Report”).

~~Table of Contents~~

As of and for the Three Months Ended

As of and for the Year Ended

March 31, 2021

December 31, 2020

Effective

Effective

Interest

Interest

Interest

Interest

($ in millions)

Balance

Rate

Expense

Balance

Rate

Expense

Senior Credit Facility

2024 Term Loan B

$
677.3

2.1
%
$
5.1

$
677.3

2.6
%
$
23.3

2022 Revolving Facility

—

—
%

0.7

—

—

3.7

2029 Senior Notes

450.0

5.1
%

0.4

—

—

—

2025 Senior Notes

500.0

5.4
%

5.1

500.0

5.4
%

19.5

Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility

—

—

0.4

—

—

1.5

Other indebtedness*

9.8

2.6
%

—

10.7

2.4
%

0.1

Total

$
1,637.1

$
11.7

$
1,188.0

$
48.1


	As of and for the Nine Months Ended						As of and for the Year Ended
	September 30, 2021						December 31, 2020
			Effective						Effective
			Interest		Interest				Interest		Interest
($ in millions)	Balance		Rate		Expense		Balance		Rate		Expense
Senior Credit Facility
2024 Term Loan B	$	672.1	2.1	%	$	15.5	$	677.3	2.6	%	$	23.3
2028 Term Loan B		744.6	2.6	%		9.5		—	—			—
2026 Revolving Facility		—	—	%		1.7		—	—			3.7
2029 Senior Notes		450.0	5.1	%		12.8		—	—			—
2025 Senior Notes		500.0	5.4	%		15.6		500.0	5.4	%		19.5
Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility		130.0	2.0	%		1.3		—	—			1.5
Other indebtedness*		7.0	2.2	%		—		10.0	2.4	%		0.1
Total	$	2,503.7			$	56.4	$	1,187.3			$	48.1

*For the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021, interest expense on “Other indebtedness” totaled less than $0.1 million.

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021, our Senior Credit Facility included the ~~2022~~2026 Revolving Facility, which ~~was~~is scheduled to mature in ~~September 2022~~May 2026 and had a borrowing capacity of $375.0 million. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021, the Company had ~~$360.0~~$366.9 million of funds available for borrowing (net of ~~$15.0~~$8.1 million outstanding letters of credit) under the ~~2022~~2026 Revolving Facility. Further, as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021, the Company is required to pay a quarterly commitment fee in respect of any unused commitments under the ~~2022~~2026 Revolving Facility equal to 0.375% per annum.

Also included in our Senior Credit Facility is our 2024 Term Loan B (with original principal of $700.0 million, maturing in September 2024), and our 2028 Term Loan B (with original principal of $750.0 million, maturing in May 2028), each of which requires scheduled quarterly payments in amounts equal to 0.25% of the original principal. The stated interest rate on our 2024 Term Loan B is London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) plus 2.00% (subject to a 0.00% LIBOR floor). The stated interest rate on our 2028 Term Loan B is LIBOR plus 2.50% (subject to a 0.00% LIBOR floor). The Company ~~did not make~~made net principal payments of $5.2 million on the 2024 Term Loan B and net principal payments of $1.9 million on the 2028 Term Loan B during the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31, 2021. There is $8.7~~September 30, 2021, with an additional $14.5 million of scheduled future payments classified aswithin current debt on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 related to both the 2024 Term Loan B.

~~In conjunction with the closing of the acquisition of the Arkema PMMA business on May 3, 2021, the Company entered into $750.0 million of incremental term loan borrowings (“~~B and 2028 Term Loan ~~B”) under our existing senior secured credit facility. The 2028 Term Loan B bears an interest rate~~B.

Table of LIBOR plus 2.50%, subject to a 0.00% LIBOR floor, and matures in May 2028. Concurrent with the closing of the Acquisition, the Company also extended the term of our 2022 Revolving Facility through May 2026, noting no changes to the borrowing capacity of $375.0 million.Contents

Our 2025 Senior Notes, as issued under the Indenture executed in 2017, include $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.375% senior notes that mature on September 1, 2025. Interest on the 2025 Senior Notes is payable semi-annually on May 3 and November 3 of each year, which commenced on May 3, 2018. These Notes may be redeemed prior to their maturity at the option of the Company under certain circumstances at specific redemption prices. Refer to our Annual Report for further information.

Our 2029 Senior Notes, as issued under the Indenture executed in 2021, include $450.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.125% senior notes that mature on April 1, 2029. Interest on the 2029 Senior Notes is payable semi-annually on February 15 and August 15 of each year, which commences on August 15, 2021. These Notes may be redeemed prior to their maturity at the option of the Company under certain circumstances at specific redemption prices. ~~Refer to Note 6~~

As of ~~the condensed consolidated financial statements for further details.~~

~~We continue to maintain~~September 30, 2021, our Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility ~~which has~~had a borrowing capacity of $150.0 million, outstanding borrowings of $130.0 million, and ~~matures in September 2021. As of March 31, 2021, there were no amounts outstanding under this facility, and the Company had~~ approximately ~~$150.0~~$20.0 million of accounts receivable available to support this facility, based on the pool of eligible accounts receivable. As of September 30, 2021, our Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility was scheduled to mature in November 2021, pursuant to an extension executed in September 2021. Refer to Note 8 for more information.

Our ability to raise additional financing and our borrowing costs may be impacted by short- and long-term debt ratings assigned by independent rating agencies, which are based, in significant part, on our performance as measured by certain credit metrics such as interest coverage and leverage ratios.

~~Table of Contents~~

We and our subsidiaries, affiliates or significant shareholders may from time to time seek to retire or purchase our outstanding debt through cash purchases in the open market, privately negotiated transactions, exchange transactions or otherwise. Such repurchases or exchanges, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. The amounts involved may be material.

Trinseo Materials Operating S.C.A. and Trinseo Materials Finance, Inc. (the “Issuers” of our 2029 Senior Notes and 2025 Senior Notes and “Borrowers” under our Senior Credit Facility) are dependent upon the cash generation and receipt of distributions and dividends or other payments from our subsidiaries and joint venture in order to satisfy their debt obligations. There are no known significant restrictions by third parties on the ability of subsidiaries of the Company to disburse or dividend funds to the Issuers and the Borrowers in order to satisfy these obligations. However, as the Company’s subsidiaries are located in a variety of jurisdictions, the Company can give no assurances that our subsidiaries will not face transfer restrictions in the future due to regulatory or other reasons beyond our control.

The Senior Credit Facility and Indentures also limit the ability of the Borrowers and Issuers, respectively, to pay dividends or make other distributions to Trinseo ~~S.A.,~~PLC, which could then be used to make distributions to shareholders. During the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021, the Company declared dividends of ~~$0.08~~$0.48 per ordinary share, totaling ~~$3.4~~$19.0 million, ~~all~~ of which $13.7 million was accrued as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 and which was paid in ~~April~~October 2021. These dividends are well within the available capacity under the terms of the restrictive covenants contained in the Senior Credit Facility and Indentures. Further, additional capacity continues to be available under the terms of these covenants to support expected future dividends to shareholders, should the Company continue to declare them.

Our ability to generate cash from operations to pay our indebtedness and meet other liquidity needs is subject to certain risks described herein and under Part I, Item 1A-“Risk Factors” of our Annual Report. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021, we were in compliance with all the covenants and default provisions under our debt agreements. Refer to our Annual Report for further information on the details of the covenant requirements.

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Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

~~There have been no material revisions outside~~During the ~~ordinary course~~first and second quarter of business to our contractual obligations as described within “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments” within our Annual Report, other than2021, the ~~items discussed herein related to our~~Company entered into new financing arrangements ~~entered into~~ in connection with ~~the~~our acquisition of ~~the Arkema~~Arkema’s PMMA business, including the $450.0 million 2029 Senior Notes issued on March 24, 2021 and the $750.0 million 2028 Term Loan B entered into on May 3, 2021 upon closing of the transaction. Refer to Notes 63 and 148 of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the “Capital Resources and Liquidity” section of Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for details on these contractual obligations entered into subsequent to December 31, 2020.

Additionally during the second quarter of 2021, the Company entered into a long-term contract to purchase benzene directly from Dow Europe’s facilities for use at the Company’s Terneuzen location. This contract has a term of two years with an automatic two-year renewal provision, and contains annual minimum purchase and maximum sale volume commitments.

There have been no other material revisions outside the ordinary course of business to our contractual obligations as described within “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments” within our Annual Report.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements are based on the selection and application of significant accounting policies. The preparation of unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and revenues and expenses at the date of and during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. However, we are not currently aware of any reasonably likely events or circumstances that would result in materially different results.

We describe our significant accounting policies in Note 2, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report, while we discuss our critical accounting policies and estimates in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” within our Annual Report. There have been no material revisions to the significant accounting policies or critical accounting policies and estimates as filed in our Annual Report.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements

We describe the impact of recent accounting pronouncements in Note 2 of our condensed consolidated financial statements, included elsewhere within this Quarterly Report.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

As discussed in “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” within our Annual Report, we are exposed to changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates as well as changes in the prices of certain commodities that we use in production. There have been no material changes in our exposure to market risks from the information provided within our Annual Report.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining internal controls designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in our reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Our management, with the

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participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report were effective to provide the reasonable level of assurance described above.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

~~There was~~As discussed in Note 3 to the condensed consolidated financial statements, in May 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of the Arkema PMMA business and in September 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of Aristech Surfaces. As permitted by the SEC, management has elected to exclude these acquisitions from its assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021. The Company began to integrate each of these businesses into our internal control over financial reporting structure subsequent to the acquisition dates and expects to complete these integrations within one year of the respective acquisitions.

Aside from the acquisition-related changes discussed above, there have been no ~~change~~additional changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time we may be subject to various legal claims and proceedings incidental to the normal conduct of business, relating to such matters as product liability, antitrust, competition, waste disposal practices, release of chemicals into the environment and other matters that may arise in the ordinary course of our business. We currently believe that there is no litigation pending that is likely to have a material adverse effect on our business. Regardless of the outcome, legal proceedings can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Our business faces various risks. Certain important factors may have a material adverse effect on our business prospects, financial condition and results of operations, and you should carefully consider them. Accordingly, in evaluating our business, we encourage you to consider the risk factors related to our ordinary shares as well those risk

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factors related to our business and industry which have been previously disclosed in Part 1, Item 1A of our Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2020. Certain material updates to these risk factors are included below.

We encourage you to consider these risks, in their entirety, in addition to other information contained in or incorporated by reference into this Quarterly Report and our other public filings with the SEC. Other events that we do not currently anticipate or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations. Production at our manufacturing facilities could be disrupted for a variety of reasons. Disruptions could expose us to significant losses or liabilities.

Risks Related to Acquisitions and Dispositions

We may fail to realize the anticipated benefits of the PMMA Acquisition or such benefits may take longer to realize than expected. We may also encounter difficulty integrating the PMMA business into our operations.

On May 3, 2021, we announced the closing of our acquisition from Arkema ~~S.A.~~PLC (“Arkema”) of its polymethyl methacrylates (“PMMA”) and activated methyl methacrylates (“MMA”) businesses (together, referred to herein as the “PMMA business”) for a purchase price of €1.137 billion (the ~~“Acquisition”~~“PMMA Acquisition”).

Our ability to realize the anticipated benefits of the PMMA Acquisition will depend on our ability to integrate the PMMA business into ours. Combining these businesses will be a complex and time-consuming process. As a result, we expect to devote significant attention and resources preparing for and then integrating the operations, systems, processes, procedures and personnel of the acquired PMMA business. This integration process may be disruptive to our ongoing

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business, and, if we fail to effectively integrate, or if integration takes longer or is more costly than expected, we could lose or diminish the expected benefits of the PMMA Acquisition. Even if we are able to integrate the PMMA business successfully, this integration may not result in the realization of the synergies and benefits that we currently expect, nor can we give assurances that these benefits will be achieved when expected or at all.

We also face risks that we fail to meet our financial and strategic goals, due to, among other things, inability to grow and manage growth profitability, maintain relationships with customers or retain key employees. We may also be adversely affected by other economic, business, and/or competitive factors which may not have existed at the time of closing. Such conditions could materially adversely impact our business and results of operations.

We face risks concerning our acquisition of Aristech Surfaces, and may fail to realize the anticipated benefits of the Aristech Surfaces acquisition.

In September 2021, we completed the acquisition of the issued and outstanding membership interests of Aristech Surfaces. We may face difficulties realizing the anticipated benefits of the acquisition. We may fail to realize anticipated cost and revenue synergies from the transaction, reach expected margins, and we may not be successful in expanding or growing the business profitability. We may also fail to maintain relationships with customers or retain and integrate the employees of Aristech Surfaces. Aristech Surfaces may also be adversely affected by other economic, business, and/or competitive factors which may not have existed at the time of closing. Such conditions could materially adversely impact our business and results of operations.

Risks Related to Our Indebtedness

Our current and future level of indebtedness of our subsidiaries, including the incurrence of additional indebtedness to fund the PMMA Acquisition, could adversely affect our financial condition.

As of December 31, 2020, our indebtedness totaled approximately $1.2 billion. Additionally, as of December 31, 2020, we had $360.0 million (net of $15.0 million outstanding letters of credit) of funds available for borrowings under our Senior Credit Facility, as well as $150.0 million of funds available for borrowings under our accounts receivable securitization facility (the “Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility”).

Additionally, in connection with the PMMA Acquisition, our Trinseo Materials Operating S.C.A. and Trinseo Materials Finance Inc. subsidiaries issued $450.0 million principal amount of 5.125% Senior Notes due 2029 (the “2029 Senior Notes”) and borrowed an additional $750.0 million in term loans under our Senior Credit Facility, the proceeds of which were used to pay a portion of the purchase price of the PMMA Acquisition.

Our current level of indebtedness, as well as future borrowings or other indebtedness, could have significant consequences for our business, including but not limited to:

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increasing our vulnerability to economic downturns and adverse industry, competitive, or market conditions;

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requiring a substantial portion of our cash flows from operations to be dedicated to the payment of principal and interest on our indebtedness, therefore reducing our ability to use our cash flow to fund capital expenditures and future business opportunities and returning cash to our shareholders in the form of dividends or share repurchases;

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limiting our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, and general corporate or other purposes;

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compromising our flexibility to capitalize on business opportunities or other strategic acquisitions, and to react to competitive pressures, as compared to our competitors, or forcing us to make nonstrategic divestitures;

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placing us at a disadvantage compared to other, less leveraged competitors or competitors with comparable debt at more favorable interest rates; and

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increasing our cost of borrowing.

Although the terms of our senior secured credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) governing our senior secured financing facility of up to $1,075.0 million (the “Senior Credit Facility”), and the note indentures governing the 2029 Senior Notes and our 5.375% senior notes due 2025 (the “Indentures”), contain restrictions on the incurrence of

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additional indebtedness, these restrictions are subject to a number of qualifications and exceptions and the indebtedness incurred in compliance with these restrictions could be substantial. Also, we are not prevented from incurring obligations that do not constitute “indebtedness” as defined in the Senior Credit Facility or the Indentures, such as operating leases and trade payables. If new debt is added to our subsidiaries’ current debt levels, the risks related to indebtedness that we now face could intensify.

In addition, a substantial portion of our subsidiaries’ current indebtedness is secured by substantially all of our assets, which may make it more difficult to secure additional borrowings at reasonable costs. If we default or declare bankruptcy, after these obligations are met, there may not be sufficient funds or assets to satisfy our subordinate interests, including those of our shareholders.

The terms of our subsidiaries’ indebtedness may restrict our current and future operations, particularly our ability to respond to change or to take certain actions.

The Indentures and the Credit Agreement governing our Senior Credit Facility contain a number of covenants imposing certain restrictions on our subsidiaries’ businesses. These restrictions may affect our ability to operate our business and may limit our ability to take advantage of business opportunities. These agreements restrict, among other things, our subsidiaries’ ability to:

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sell or assign assets;

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incur additional indebtedness;

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pay dividends to Trinseo ~~S.A.;~~PLC;

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make investments or acquisitions;

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incur liens;

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repurchase or redeem capital shares;

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engage in mergers or consolidations;

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materially alter the business they conduct;

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engage in transactions with affiliates; and

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consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of their assets.

The ability of our subsidiaries to comply with the covenants and financial ratios and tests contained in the Indenture and Credit Agreement, to pay interest on indebtedness, fund working capital, and make anticipated capital expenditures depends on our future performance, which is subject to general economic conditions and other factors, some of which are beyond our control. There can be no assurance that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations or that future borrowings will be available under our Senior Credit Facility to fund liquidity needs in an amount sufficient to enable them to service their indebtedness. Furthermore, if we need additional capital for general

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corporate purposes or to execute on an expansion strategy, there can be no assurance that this capital will be available on satisfactory terms or at all.

A failure to repay amounts owed under the Senior Credit Facility, or the notes issued under our Indentures, at maturity would result in a default. In addition, a breach of any of the covenants in the Credit Agreement or Indentures or our inability to comply with the required financial ratios or limits could result in a default. If a default occurs, lenders may refuse to lend us additional funds and the lenders or noteholders could declare all of the debt and any accrued interest and fees immediately due and payable. A default under one of our subsidiaries’ debt agreements may trigger a cross-default under our other debt agreements.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

(a)

Recent sales of unregistered securities

None.

(b)

Use of Proceeds from registered securities

None.

(c)

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

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Under shareholder authorization granted at our annual generally meeting held on June 9, 2020, the Company is authorized to repurchase up to 3.6 million ordinary shares over the next two years at a price per share of not less than $1.00 and not more than $1,000.00. In December 2020, the Company announced our decision to suspend the share repurchase program. There were no share repurchases during the three months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021. There are 3.6 million ordinary shares available for repurchase under the 2020 share repurchase authorization as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

Item 6. Exhibits

See Exhibit Index.

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EXHIBIT INDEX


Exhibit No.	Description
2.1	~~Share Purchase Agreement, by and~~Common Draft Terms of Merger dated as of April 23, 2021 between Trinseo S.A., a Luxembourg public company and ~~Arkema S.A.~~Trinseo PLC (formerly known as Trinseo Limited), ~~dated March 19, 2021~~an Irish public limited company (incorporated by reference to ~~Exhibit 2.1 to the Current Report~~Annex A of our definitive proxy statement on ~~Form 8-K~~Schedule 14A filed ~~March 22,~~on April 27, 2021)

2.2†*	~~Amendatory Agreement dated May 3, 2021, in respect of the Share Purchase Agreement by and between Arkema S.A. and Arkema France S.A., on the one hand and Trinseo S.A. dated March 19, 2021~~.

3.1	~~Amended~~Memorandum and ~~Restated~~ Articles of Association of Trinseo ~~S.A., as amended~~PLC (incorporated herein by reference to ~~Exhibit 3.1 to the Quarterly Report~~Annex B of our definitive proxy statement on ~~Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2018,~~Schedule 14A filed ~~August 3, 2018)~~on April 27, 2021).

~~4.1~~	Form of Specimen Share Certificate of Trinseo S.A. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Amendment No. 3 to the Registration Statement filed on Form S-1, File No. 333-194561, filed May 16, 2014)

4.2	Indenture among Trinseo Materials Operating S.C.A., Trinseo Materials Finance, Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee, dated as of August 29, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K, filed September 5, 2017).

4.3	Indenture among Trinseo Materials Operating S.C.A., Trinseo Materials Finance, Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee, dated as of March 24, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 24, 2021).

~~10.1~~10.1*†	~~Warranty~~Form of Indemnification Agreement for Directors and Officers.

10.2*†	Employment Agreement between Trinseo Europe GmbH and Andre Lanning dated October 1, 2021.

10.3*†	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement to certain former Arkema employees.

10.4*†	Form of Stock Option Award Agreement to certain former Arkema employees.

10.5†	Amendment Agreement, dated October 21, 2021, to Asset Purchase Agreement, by and between Trinseo ~~S.A.~~PLC, Trinseo Deutschland GmbH, Trinseo Europe GmbH, Trinseo Belgium B.V.B.A., Trinseo Export GmbH, and ~~Arkema S.A.,~~Synthos PLC, Blitz F21-410 GmbH, and Synthos Dwory 7 dated ~~March 19,~~May 21, 2021.

10.6*	Separation Agreement with Alice Heezen dated October 25, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed ~~March 22,~~October 27, 2021)

~~10.2†~~	~~Employment Agreement between Trinseo Europe GmbH and Andre Lanning, dated May 1, 2020~~.

31.1†	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

31.2†	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.1†	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.2†	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

101.INS†	XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document

101.SCH†	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL†	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF†	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB†	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE†	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

104†	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

* Compensatory plan or arrangement.

† Filed herewith.

* Certain schedules and similar attachments have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. Trinseo S.A. hereby agrees to furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted schedule to the SEC upon request.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, duly authorized.

Date: ~~May 7,~~November 8, 2021

	TRINSEO ~~S.A.~~PLC

	By:	/s/ Frank Bozich
	Name:	Frank Bozich
	Title:	President, Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

	By:	/s/ David Stasse
	Name:	David Stasse
	Title:	Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)