Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically ~~and posted on its corporate Web site, if any,~~ every Interactive Data File required to be submitted ~~and posted~~ pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit ~~and post~~ such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of ~~October 27, 2017,~~May 3, 2019, the registrant had ~~175,462,901~~184,157,016 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, outstanding.

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes forward-looking statements as defined under U.S. federal securities law. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical statements of fact and those regarding our intent, belief or expectations, including, but not limited to, statements regarding: our expectations regarding the effect of Windstream Holdings, Inc.’s (“Windstream Holdings” and together with its subsidiaries, “Windstream”) bankruptcy and Windstream’s performance under its long-term exclusive triple-net lease with us (the “Master Lease”); our expectations with respect to the treatment of the Master Lease in Windstream’s petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code; our expectations regarding the effect of substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern; our expectations regarding the future growth and demand of the ~~telecommunication industry;~~telecommunications industry, future financing plans, business strategies, growth prospects, ~~and~~ operating and financial ~~performance;~~performance, and our future liquidity needs and access to capital; expectations regarding the impact and integration of ~~Hunt Telecommunications,~~Information Transport Solutions, Inc. (“ITS”), CableSouth Media, LLC ~~("Hunt"~~(“CableSouth”) and ~~Southern Light, LLC ("Southern Light"),~~M² Connections, including expectations regarding operational synergies with Uniti Towers and Uniti Fiber; expectations regarding the settling ~~conversion~~ of our 3% convertible preferred stock in cash upon conversion; expectations regarding the probability of our obligation to pay contingent consideration upon Tower Cloud, Inc.'s ("Tower Cloud") ~~or Hunt's~~ achievement of certain defined operational and financial milestones; expectations regarding future deployment of fiber strand miles and recognition of revenue related thereto; expectations regarding levels of capital expenditures; expectations regarding the deductibility of goodwill for tax purposes; expectations regarding reclassification of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to derivatives to interest expense; expectations regarding the amortization of intangible assets; expectations regarding the closing of the operating company-property company partnership with Macquarie Infrastructure Partners (“MIP”) and related acquisition of Bluebird Network, LLC (“Bluebird”); and expectations regarding the payment of dividends.

Words such as "anticipate(s)," "expect(s)," "intend(s)," "plan(s)," "believe(s)," "may," "will," "would," "could," "should," "seek(s)" and similar expressions, or the negative of these terms, are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. These statements are based on management's current expectations and beliefs and are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties that could lead to actual results differing materially from those projected, forecasted or expected. Although we believe that the assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that our expectations will be attained. Factors which could have a material adverse effect on our operations and future prospects or which could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations include, but are not limited to:

additional factors discussed in Part I, Item 2

~~Table~~ “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of ~~Contents~~Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in Part I, Item 1A "Risk Factors" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, as well as those described from time to time in our future reports filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

•

additional factors discussed in Part I, Item 2 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in Part I, Item 1A "Risk Factors" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, as well as those described from time to time in our future reports filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“the SEC”).

Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report. Except in the normal course of our public disclosure obligations, we expressly disclaim any obligation to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements to reflect any change in our expectations or any change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any such statement is based.

Table of Contents

Uniti Group Inc.

Table of Contents

		Page
PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)	5
	Uniti Group Inc.
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)	7
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Deficit	8
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	9
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	10
	1.Organization and Description of Business	10
	2.Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	10
	3.Revenues	14
	4.Leases	16
	5.Business Combinations	20
	6.Assets and Liabilities Held for Sale	21
	7.Fair Value of Financial Instruments	22
	8.Property Plant and Equipment	24
	9.Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities	24
	10.Intangible Assets	25
	11.Notes and Other Debt	26
	12.Earnings Per Share	28
	13.Segment Information	30
	14.Commitments and Contingencies	31
	15.Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income	32
	16.Capital Stock	32
	17.Subsequent Events	32

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	2933
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	4346
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	4346

PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	4447
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	4447
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	4448
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	4448
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	4448
Item 5.	Other Information	4448
Item 6.	Exhibits	4549

Signatures		4650

Table of Contents

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements.

Uniti Group Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

~~(unaudited)~~

(Thousands, except par value)	September 30, 2017			December 31, 2016			March 31, 2019 (Unaudited)			December 31, 2018
Assets:
Property, plant and equipment, net	$	3,037,469		$	2,670,037		$	3,174,744		$	3,209,006
Cash and cash equivalents		49,923			171,754			104,684			38,026
Accounts receivable, net		32,715			15,281			76,462			104,063
Goodwill		672,368			262,334			692,886			692,385
Intangible assets, net		438,019			160,584			377,475			432,821
Straight-line revenue receivable		42,050			29,088			370			61,785
Other assets		19,666			9,674
Derivative asset								9,357			31,043
Other assets, net								120,748			23,808
Assets held for sale, net								140,580			-
Total Assets	$	4,292,210		$	3,318,752		$	4,697,306		$	4,592,937
Liabilities, Convertible Preferred Stock and Shareholders' Deficit:
Liabilities:
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities	$	80,725		$	40,977
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities, net							$	195,704		$	94,179
Accrued interest payable		70,205			27,812			70,922			28,097
Deferred revenue		466,321			261,404			761,120			726,262
Derivative liability		10,442			6,102
Dividends payable		109,188			94,607			9,800			113,744
Deferred income taxes		85,145			28,394			31,490			52,434
Capital lease obligations		56,976			54,535
Finance lease obligations								54,276			55,282
Contingent consideration		104,117			98,600			60,797			83,401
Notes and other debt, net		4,361,963			4,028,214			4,920,645			4,846,233
Liabilities held for sale, net								56,082			-
Total liabilities		5,345,082			4,640,645			6,160,836			5,999,632

Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14)

Convertible preferred stock, Series A, $0.0001 par value, 88 shares authorized, issued and outstanding, $87,500 liquidation value		82,785			80,552			87,252			86,508

Shareholders' Deficit:
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 50,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding		-			-			-			-
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 500,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding: 174,821 shares at September 30, 2017 and 155,139 at December 31, 2016		17			15
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 500,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding: 182,670 shares at March 31, 2019 and 180,536 at December 31, 2018								18			18
Additional paid-in capital		642,981			141,092			790,347			757,517
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(5,678	)		(6,369	)
Accumulated other comprehensive income								9,661			30,105
Distributions in excess of accumulated earnings		(1,876,599	)		(1,537,183	)		(2,442,564	)		(2,373,218	)
Total Uniti shareholders' deficit		(1,239,279	)		(1,402,445	)		(1,642,538	)		(1,585,578	)
Noncontrolling interests - operating partnership units		103,622			-			91,756			92,375
Total shareholders' deficit		(1,135,657	)		(1,402,445	)		(1,550,782	)		(1,493,203	)
Total Liabilities, Convertible Preferred Stock, and Shareholders' Deficit	$	4,292,210		$	3,318,752		$	4,697,306		$	4,592,937

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,						Three Months Ended March 31,
(Thousands, except per share data)	2017			2016			2017			2016			2019			2018
Revenues:
Leasing	$	171,673		$	169,366		$	512,893		$	506,945		$	176,083		$	172,774
Fiber Infrastructure		66,363			25,219			136,158			38,995			76,833			66,967
Tower		2,796			159			6,679			271			5,080			3,370
Consumer CLEC		4,378			5,496			13,966			17,277			3,035			3,804
Total revenues		245,210			200,240			669,696			563,488			261,031			246,915
Costs and Expenses:
Interest expense		78,784			70,522			227,235			204,607			84,458			77,607
Depreciation and amortization		113,444			96,723			317,404			275,448			103,827			114,721
General and administrative expense		22,068			10,191			49,549			23,619			24,226			22,520
Operating expense (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)		30,172			15,704			74,258			30,322			38,418			29,904
Transaction related costs		8,512			9,315			32,213			24,435			6,669			5,913
Other (income) expense		(3,933	)		-			9,638			-			(3,113	)		(3,885	)
Total costs and expenses		249,047			202,455			710,297			558,431			254,485			246,780

(Loss) income before income taxes		(3,837	)		(2,215	)		(40,601	)		5,057
Income tax (benefit) expense		(8,672	)		128			(8,976	)		899
Net income (loss)		4,835			(2,343	)		(31,625	)		4,158
Income before income taxes														6,546			135
Income tax expense (benefit)														4,054			(1,096	)
Net income														2,492			1,231
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		107			-			107			-			50			21
Net income (loss) attributable to shareholders		4,728			(2,343	)		(31,732	)		4,158
Net income attributable to shareholders														2,442			1,210
Participating securities' share in earnings		(388	)		(407	)		(1,156	)		(1,164	)		(28	)		(679	)
Dividends declared on convertible preferred stock		(656	)		(649	)		(1,968	)		(1,087	)		(656	)		(656	)
Amortization of discount on convertible preferred stock		(745	)		(745	)		(2,235	)		(1,241	)		(745	)		(745	)
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders	$	2,939		$	(4,144	)	$	(37,091	)	$	666		$	1,013		$	(870	)

Earnings (loss) per common share:
Basic	$	0.02		$	(0.03	)	$	(0.22	)	$	0.00		$	0.01		$	-
Diluted	$	(0.02	)	$	(0.03	)	$	(0.26	)	$	0.00		$	0.01		$	(0.01	)

Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic		174,818			153,878			166,624			151,578			182,219			174,892
Diluted		175,399			153,878			166,816			151,716			182,222			175,499

Dividends declared per common share	$	0.60		$	0.60		$	1.80		$	1.80

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

(Thousands, except share data)	Preferred Stock				Common Stock				Additional Paid-in Capital			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Distributions in Excess of Accumulated Earnings			Noncontrolling Interest			Total Shareholders' Deficit			Preferred Stock				Common Stock				Additional Paid-in Capital			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income			Distributions in Excess of Accumulated Earnings			Noncontrolling Interest			Total Shareholders' Deficit
	Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount																	Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount
Balance at December 31, 2015		-	$	-		149,862,459	$	15	$	1,392		$	(5,427	)	$	(1,162,886	)	$	-		$	(1,166,906	)
Balance at December 31, 2017																									-	$	-		174,851,514	$	17	$	644,328		$	7,821		$	(1,960,715	)	$	101,407		$	(1,207,142	)
Net income		-		-		-		-		-			-			4,158			-			4,158			-		-		-		-		-			-			1,210			21			1,231
Issuance of common stock		-		-		5,077,629		-		137,665			-			-			-			137,665
Amortization of discount of convertible preferred stock		-		-		-		-		(1,241	)		-			-			-			(1,241	)		-		-		-		-		(745	)		-			-			-			(745	)
Other comprehensive loss		-		-		-		-		-			(63,511	)		-			-			(63,511	)
Common stock dividends		-		-		-		-		-			-			(276,567	)		-			(276,567	)
Other comprehensive income																									-		-		-		-		-			38,914			-			919			39,833
Common stock dividends declared																									-		-		-		-		-			-			(105,069	)		-			(105,069	)
Convertible preferred stock dividends		-		-		-		-		-			-			(1,087	)		-			(1,087	)		-		-		-		-		-			-			(656	)		-			(656	)
Equity issuance cost		-		-		-		-		(625	)		-			-			-			(625	)
Distributions to noncontrolling interest																									-		-		-		-		-			-			-			(2,479	)		(2,479	)
Net share settlement		-		-		-		-		(203	)		-			(1,920	)		-			(2,123	)		-		-		-		-		(390	)		-			(269	)		-			(659	)
Stock-based compensation		-		-		183,072		-		3,478			-			-			-			3,478			-		-		118,132		-		2,210			-			-			-			2,210
Balance at September 30, 2016		-	$	-		155,123,160	$	15	$	140,466		$	(68,938	)	$	(1,438,302	)	$	-		$	(1,366,759	)
Impact of change in accounting standard																									-		-		-		-		-			-			1,859			-			1,859
Balance at March 31, 2018																									-	$	-		174,969,646	$	17	$	645,403		$	46,735		$	(2,063,640	)	$	99,868		$	(1,271,617	)

Balance at December 31, 2016		-	$	-		155,138,637	$	15	$	141,092		$	(6,369	)	$	(1,537,183	)	$	-		$	(1,402,445	)
Net loss		-		-		-		-		-			-			(31,732	)		107			(31,625	)
Issuance of common stock		-		-		19,528,302		2		517,499			-			-			-			517,501
Balance at December 31, 2018																									-	$	-		180,535,971	$	18	$	757,517		$	30,105		$	(2,373,218	)	$	92,375		$	(1,493,203	)
Impact of change in accounting standard, net of tax																									-		-		-		-		-			-			(63,110	)		-			(63,110	)
Net income																									-		-		-		-		-			-			2,442			50			2,492
At-the-market issuance of common stock, net of offering costs																									-		-		1,176,186		-		21,641			-			-			-			21,641
Amortization of discount on convertible preferred stock		-		-		-		-		(2,235	)		-			-			-			(2,235	)		-		-		-		-		(745	)		-			-			-			(745	)
Other comprehensive income		-		-		-		-		-			691			-			43			734
Common stock dividends		-		-		-		-		-			-			(304,384	)		(2,497	)		(306,881	)
Other comprehensive loss																									-		-		-		-		-			(20,444	)		-			(462	)		(20,906	)
Common stock dividends declared ($0.05 per share)																									-		-		-		-					-			(8,022	)		-			(8,022	)
Distributions to noncontrolling interest																									-		-		-		-		-			-			-			(207	)		(207	)
Convertible preferred stock dividends		-		-		-		-		-			-			(1,969	)		-			(1,969	)		-		-		-		-		-			-			(656	)		-			(656	)
Equity issuance cost		-		-		-		-		(18,575	)		-			-			-			(18,575	)
Contributions from noncontrolling interest holders																			105,969			105,969
Net share settlement		-		-		-		-		(421	)		-			(1,331	)		-			(1,752	)		-		-		-		-		(1,579	)		-			-			-			(1,579	)
Stock-based compensation		-		-		154,100		-		5,621			-			-			-			5,621			-		-		279,152		-		1,888			-			-			-			1,888
Balance at September 30, 2017		-	$	-		174,821,039	$	17	$	642,981		$	(5,678	)	$	(1,876,599	)	$	103,622		$	(1,135,657	)
Equity settled contingent consideration																									-		-		645,385		-		11,178			-			-			-			11,178
Issuance of common stock - employee stock purchase plan																									-		-		33,800		-		447			-			-			-			447
Balance at March 31, 2019																									-	$	-		182,670,494	$	18	$	790,347		$	9,661		$	(2,442,564	)	$	91,756		$	(1,550,782	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

	Nine Months Ended September 30,						Three Months Ended March 31,
(Thousands)	2017			2016			2019			2018
Cash flow from operating activities
Net (loss) income	$	(31,625	)	$	4,158
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Net income							$	2,492		$	1,231
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		317,404			275,448			103,827			114,721
Amortization of deferred financing costs		7,964			5,640
Amortization of debt discount		9,127			5,964
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discount								6,873			6,034
Deferred income taxes		(12,281	)		836			(2,063	)		(1,502	)
Straight-line revenues		(10,857	)		(13,174	)		(723	)		(4,592	)
Stock-based compensation		5,621			3,478			1,888			2,210
Change in fair value of contingent consideration		9,091			-			(3,256	)		(3,864	)
Other		810			22			637			921
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
Accounts receivable		532			(4,435	)		25,603			6,409
Other assets		(4,307	)		(4,951	)		(974	)		(4,621	)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities		46,275			27,565			54,598			39,919
Net cash provided by operating activities		337,754			300,551			188,902			156,866
Cash flow from investing activities
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired		(763,665	)		(489,538	)		(4,210	)		-
Acquisition of ground lease investments		(13,869	)		(8,549	)
NMS asset acquisitions (Note 3)		(68,557	)		-
Capital expenditures - other		(111,101	)		(10,655	)
NMS asset acquisitions								-			(962	)
Other capital expenditures								(79,458	)		(51,143	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(957,192	)		(508,742	)		(83,668	)		(52,105	)
Cash flow from financing activities
Principal payments on debt		(15,810	)		(16,744	)		(5,270	)		(5,270	)
Dividends paid		(294,272	)		(273,692	)		(110,348	)		(105,920	)
Payments of contingent consideration		(19,999	)		-			(8,170	)		(12,662	)
Proceeds from issuance of Notes		201,000			148,875
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interest								(2,479	)		(2,479	)
Borrowings under revolving credit facility		360,000			521,000			139,000			70,000
Payments under revolving credit facility		(200,000	)		(321,000	)		(30,000	)		(50,000	)
Capital lease payments		(2,348	)		(945	)		(1,006	)		(899	)
Deferred financing costs		(28,533	)		(2,946	)
Payments for financing costs								(36,191	)		-
Common stock issuance, net of costs		498,924			54,211			21,641			-
Employee stock purchase program								446			-
Net share settlement		(1,752	)		(2,123	)		(1,579	)		(658	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		497,210			106,636
Net cash used in financing activities								(33,956	)		(107,888	)
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents		397			(181	)		154			263
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents		(121,831	)		(101,736	)
Cash and cash equivalents, held for sale								(4,774	)		-
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents								66,658			(2,864	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		171,754			142,498			38,026			59,765
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	49,923		$	40,762		$	104,684		$	56,901
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Property and equipment acquired but not yet paid	$	3,602		$	4,403		$	19,065		$	18,078
Tenant capital improvements	$	166,298		$	112,200			29,651			47,352
Acquisition of businesses through non-cash consideration	$	122,395		$	259,996
Settlement of contingent consideration through non-cash consideration								11,178			-

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Uniti Group Inc. (the “Company,” “Uniti,” “we,” “us,” or “our”)~~, formerly known as Communications Sales and Leasing, Inc.,~~ was incorporated in the state of Maryland on September 4, 2014. We are an ~~independent,~~ internally managed real estate investment trust (“REIT”) engaged in the acquisition and construction of mission critical infrastructure in the communications industry. We are principally focused on acquiring and constructing fiber optic broadband networks, wireless communications towers, copper and coaxial broadband networks and data centers. ~~Effective the first quarter of 2017, we commenced managing~~We manage our operations in four separate lines of business: Uniti Fiber, Uniti Towers, Uniti Leasing, and the Consumer CLEC Business.

The Company operates through a customary “up-REIT” structure, pursuant to which we hold substantially all of our assets through a partnership, Uniti Group LP, a Delaware limited partnership (the “Operating Partnership”), that we control as general partner, with the only significant difference between the financial position and results of operations of the Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries compared to the consolidated financial position and consolidated results of operations of Uniti is that the results for the Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries do not include Uniti’s Consumer CLEC segment, which consists of Talk America Services. The up-REIT structure is intended to facilitate future acquisition opportunities by providing the Company with the ability to use common units of the Operating Partnership as a tax-efficient acquisition currency. As of ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2019, we are the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership and own approximately 97.7% of the partnership interests in the Operating Partnership.

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include all accounts of the Company and its ~~wholly-owned~~wholly owned and/or controlled subsidiaries, which consist of the Operating ~~Partnership, which the Company has determined itself to be the primary beneficiary.~~Partnership. Under the Accounting Standards Codification 810, Consolidation(“ASC 810”), ~~Consolidation~~, the Operating Partnership is considered a variable interest entity ~~the Company~~ and is consolidated in the ~~Company’s~~ Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Uniti Group Inc. because the Company is the primary beneficiary. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been ~~eliminated.~~eliminated.

ASC 810 provides guidance on the identification of entities for which control is achieved through means other than voting rights (“variable interest entities” or “VIEs”) and the determination of which business enterprise, if any, should consolidate the VIEs. Generally, the consideration of whether an entity is a VIE applies when either: (1) the equity investors (if any) lack (i) the ability to make decisions about the entity’s activities through voting or similar rights, (ii) the obligation to absorb the expected losses of the entity, or (iii) the right to receive the expected residual returns of the entity; (2) the equity investment at risk is insufficient to finance that entity’s activities without additional subordinated financial support; or (3) the equity investors have voting rights that are not proportionate to their economic interests and substantially all of the activities of the entity involve or are conducted on behalf of an investor with a disproportionately small voting interest. The Company consolidates VIEs in which it is considered to be the primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary is defined byas the entity having both of the following characteristics: (1) the power to direct the activities that, when taken together, most significantly impact the VIE’s ~~performance:~~performance; and (2) the obligation to absorb losses and right to receive the returns from the VIE that would be significant to the VIE.

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information set forth in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”), as published by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), and with the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair statement of results for the interim period have been included. Operating results from any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full fiscal year. The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2016~~2018 (“Annual Report”), filed with the SEC on ~~February 23, 2017.~~March 18, 2019. Accordingly, significant accounting policies and other disclosures normally provided have been omitted from the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes since such items are disclosed in our Annual Report.

Going Concern—In accordance with Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity's Ability to Continue as a Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40), the Company’s management has evaluated whether there are conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date the financial statements are issued.

~~Income Taxes~~—We ~~currently have recorded~~are party to a ~~$5.3 million liability~~Master Lease agreement (the “Master Lease”) with Windstream Holdings, Inc. (“Windstream Holdings” and together with its consolidated subsidiaries “Windstream”), from which 68.2% of our revenue for ~~unrecognized tax benefits which~~the year ended December 31, 2018 was ~~assumed~~derived. Windstream was involved in ~~connection~~litigation with ~~the acquisition~~an entity who acquired certain Windstream debt securities and thereafter issued a notice of ~~Network Management Holdings, LTD (“NMS”~~default as to such securities related to our spin-off from Windstream (the “Spin-Off”). Windstream challenged the matter in federal court and a trial was held in July 2018. On February 15, 2019, the federal court judge issued a ruling against Windstream, finding that Windstream’s attempts to waive such default were not valid, that an “event of default” occurred with respect to such debt securities, and that the holder’s acceleration of such debt in December 2017 was effective. In response to the adverse outcome, on February 25, 2019, Windstream filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York. ~~See Note 3~~.We

In bankruptcy, Windstream has the option to assume or reject the Master Lease. Because the Master Lease is a single indivisible Master Lease with a single rent payment, it must be assumed or rejected in whole and cannot be sub-divided by facility or market. A significant amount of Windstream’s revenue is generated from the use of our network included in the Master Lease, and we believe that the Master Lease is essential to Windstream’s operations. Furthermore, Windstream is designated as a “carrier of last resort” in certain markets where it utilizes the Master Lease to provide service to its customers, and Windstream would require approval from the Public Utility Commissions and the Federal Communications Commission to cease providing service in those markets. As a result, we believe the probability of Windstream rejecting the Master Lease in bankruptcy to be remote. However, a rejection of the Master Lease, or even a temporary disruption in payments to us, may require us to fund certain expenses and obligations (e.g., real estate taxes, insurance and maintenance expenses) to preserve the value of our properties, and could materially adversely affect our consolidated results of operations, liquidity and financial condition, including our ability to service debt, comply with debt covenants and pay dividends to our stockholders as required to maintain our status as a REIT. As a result, conditions or events have ~~filed~~been identified that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

The Company has considered the mitigating effects of management’s plans to alleviate the substantial doubt about the ability to continue as going concern in the event there is a disruption in the payments due to us under the Master Lease prior to Windstream’s assumption or rejection of the lease. Those plans include deferring, reducing or delaying cash dividends and capital expenditures, if necessary, paying one or more dividends that are required to maintain our ~~initial~~REIT status in shares to the extent allowed under the IRS REIT rules, curtailing acquisition activities, accessing the capital markets and identifying alternative sources of liquidity. Based on our analysis, including consideration of the timing of petitioners’ requirements to make post-petition lease payments under U.S. ~~federal and state income tax returns which are subject~~bankruptcy law, we believe that we have adequate liquidity to ~~examination.~~

~~Customer List Intangible Assets—Customer list intangible assets are presented in~~continue to fund our operations for twelve months after the issuance of the financial statements, ~~at cost less accumulated amortization and are amortized using~~however see discussion below regarding the ~~straight-line method over their estimated useful lives with~~upcoming maturity of our Revolving Credit Facility.

Although management has concluded the ~~exception~~probability of a rejection of the ~~customer list intangible assets related~~Master Lease to ~~our Consumer CLEC Business, which were brought over at carry-over basis at~~be remote, and has noted the ~~time~~absence of any provision in the Master Lease that contemplates renegotiation of the ~~Company’s spin-off~~lease and the lack of any ability of the bankruptcy court to unilaterally reset the rent or terms of the lease, it is difficult to predict what could occur in Windstream’s bankruptcy restructuring, including potential claims against us by Windstream or its creditors. The Company has evaluated its ability to continue as a going concern in light of the possibility of a consensual renegotiation of the Master Lease, and the impact of any renegotiated lease on our compliance with our debt covenants. We note that our Credit Agreement prohibits the Company from ~~Windstream Holdings, Inc.~~amending the Master Lease that, among other provisions, pro forma for any such amendment, would result in ~~2015, and~~a consolidated secured leverage ratio that exceeds 5.0 to 1.0. Furthermore, management has no intention to enter into a lease amendment that would violate our debt covenants.

However, because there can be no certainty as of the outcome of Windstream’s decision to assume or reject the Master Lease, uncertainties exist as to the outcome or impacts of any potential consensual renegotiation of the Master Lease. In addition, our Revolving Credit Facility matures on April 24, 2020. See Note 11. If we are ~~amortized using~~not successful in extending or refinancing the ~~sum-of-the-digits method over their estimated useful lives.~~Revolving Credit Facility, our current cash balances as of March 31, 2019 are not sufficient to repay all of outstanding borrowings. Therefore, substantial doubt exists about our ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the issuance of the financial statements.

~~Impairment~~The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of ~~Long-Lived Assets and Finite-Lived Intangible Assets—We review long-lived~~ assets and ~~finite-lived intangible assets~~satisfaction of liabilities in the ordinary course of business. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.

Concentration of Credit Risks—Revenue under the Master Lease provided 65.5% and 70.0% of our revenue for ~~impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that~~ the ~~carrying amount~~three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Because a substantial portion of ~~the asset group may not be recoverable from future undiscounted net~~our revenue and cash flows we expect the asset group to generate. If the asset group is not fully recoverable, an impairment loss would be recognized for the difference between the carrying value of the asset group and its estimated fair value based on discounted net future cash flows.

~~Reclassifications—Certain amounts have been reclassified to conform with current year presentation.~~ Following the acquisition of NMS in the first quarter of 2017, the Company manages and reports our operations in four reportable business segments: Leasing, Fiber Infrastructure, Towers and Consumer CLEC. Prior year information, including revenues on the Consolidated Statement of Income, has been recast to conformare derived from lease payments by Windstream pursuant to the ~~current year presentation.~~ ~~See Note 12~~.

~~In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01,~~ ~~Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of~~Master Lease, there could be a ~~Business~~ (“ASU 2017-01”), in an effort to clarify the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. ASU 2017-01 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. We adopted ASU 2017-01 effective January 1, 2017, with prospective application. As a result of the adoption of ASU 2017-01, the Company’s acquisition of NMS (~~see Note 3~~) was determined to be an asset acquisition. Transaction costs associated with asset acquisitions, which includes our real property interest investments, are now capitalized as opposed to be recorded as an expense as was required prior to adoption of ASU 2017-01.

~~In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15,~~ ~~Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments~~ (“ASU 2016-15”). ASU 2016-15 provides guidance on reducing the diversity in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. In addition to other specific cash flow issues, ASU 2016-15 provides clarification on when an entity should separate cash receipts and cash payments into more than one class of cash flows and when an entity should classify those cash receipts and payments into one class of cash flows on the basis of predominance. The new guidance is effective for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating thematerial adverse impact ~~the adoption of this accounting standard will have~~ on our ~~financial statements.~~

~~In August 2017, the FASB issued~~ ~~Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No.~~ ~~2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities~~ ~~(“ASU 2017-12”), which amends and simplifies existing guidance in order to allow companies to more accurately present the economic effects~~consolidated results of ~~risk management activities in the financial statements. ASU 2017-12 is~~ ~~effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within those annual periods, and earlier adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impacts the adoption of this accounting standard will have on our financial statements.~~

~~In February 2017, the FASB issued~~ ~~ASU No.~~ ~~2017-05,~~ Other Income - Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20): Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets, which provides guidance for recognizing gains and losses from the transfer of nonfinancial assets and for partial sales of nonfinancial assets, and is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company is currently evaluating the impacts the adoption of this accounting standard will have on our financial statements, but it is not expected to have a material impact.

In ~~January 2017,~~operations, liquidity, financial condition and/or ability to pay dividends and service debt if Windstream were to default under the ~~FASB issued ASU~~Master Lease or otherwise experiences operating or liquidity difficulties and becomes unable to generate sufficient cash to make payments to us.

Windstream is a publicly traded company and is subject to the periodic filing requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Windstream filings can be found at www.sec.gov. Windstream filings are not incorporated by reference in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Straight-Line Revenue Receivable—As discussed in “Recently Issued Accounting Standards” in this Note 2, we have adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. ~~2017-04,~~ 2016-02, Leases~~Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Accounting for Goodwill Impairment~~ (“~~ASU 2017-04”~~ASC 842”), which removes the requirement to perform a hypothetical purchase price allocation to measure goodwill impairment. A goodwill impairment will now be the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. ASU 2017-04 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning January 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted, and applied prospectively. We adopted ASU 2017-04 effective January 1, ~~2017,~~2019. This standard supersedes prior guidance regarding the evaluation of collectability of lease receivables, including straight-line revenue receivables. We have evaluated the collectability of our straight-line revenue receivable associated with the Master Lease in accordance with ASC 842, and in light of Windstream’s pending bankruptcy, we concluded that the receivable should be written-off. As a result, effective January 1, 2019, the Master Lease will be accounted for on a cash basis in accordance with ASC 842, until a time at which there ~~was no material impact on our financial position, results of operations~~is more certainty regarding Windstream’s decision to assume or ~~cash flows.~~

~~In May 2014,~~reject the ~~FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09,~~ ~~Revenue~~Master Lease. We have reflected the write off as a $61.5 million adjustment to equity resulting from ~~Contracts with Customers~~ ~~(“ASU 2014-09”). This~~ ~~update outlines~~ a ~~single comprehensive revenue recognition model for entities to follow~~change in accounting ~~for revenue from contracts~~standard.

Reclassifications—Certain prior year asset categories and related amounts in Note 8 have been reclassified to conform with ~~customers and supersedes most~~ current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. The core principle of the revenue model is that an entity should recognize revenue for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to receive for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted for public companies for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company intends to adopt the revenue recognition guidance onyear presentation.

Leases—Effective January 1, ~~2018 using the modified retrospective approach.~~2019, we account for leases in accordance with ASC 842. The Company’s implementation efforts include reviewing revenue contracts and the identification of revenue within the scope of the guidance. As ASU 2014-09 does not impact lessor accounting, the Company believes our accounting for leasing revenues will not be significantly impacted. While the Company currently has not identified any material changes in the timing of revenue recognition, we do anticipate an impact to our Fiber Infrastructure costs, primarily related to the capitalization of commission expense under ASU 2014-09, and are currently in the process of quantifying such impacts.

In ~~February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02,~~ ~~Leases~~ ~~(“ASC 842”),~~ ~~which sets out the principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases for both parties to a contract (i.e. lessees and lessors). The new~~ standard requires lessees to apply a dual approach, classifying leases as either finance or operating leases based on the principle of whether or not the lease is effectively a financed purchase by the lessee. This classification will determine whether lease expense is comprised of amortization on the right-of-use asset (“ROU”) and interest expense recognized based on an effective interest method, or as a single lease cost recognized on a ~~straight line~~straight-line basis over the term of the lease, respectively. A lessee is also required to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term of greater than 12 months regardless of their classification. The accounting for lessors remains largely unchanged. Leases with a term of 12 months or less will be accounted for similar to existing guidance for operating leases today.

We determine if an arrangement is a lease at contract inception. A lease exists when a contract conveys to the customer the right to control the use of identified property, plant, or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The ~~provisions~~definition of ~~this guidance are effective for annual periods beginning after December 31, 2018,~~a lease embodies two conditions: (i) there is an identified asset in the contract that is land or a depreciable asset (i.e., property, plant, and ~~for interim periods therein. The Company is currently evaluating this guidance~~equipment), and (ii) the customer has the right to ~~determine~~control the ~~impact it will have on our financial statements by reviewing its existing operating~~use of the identified asset.

We enter into lease contracts ~~where~~including ground, towers, equipment, office, colocation and fiber lease arrangements, in which we are the lessee, and service contracts that may include embedded leases. ~~The Company expects a gross-up of its Consolidated Balance Sheets as a result of recognizing lease liabilities~~Operating leases where we are the lessor are included in Leasing, Fiber Infrastructure and ~~right of use assets, the extent of the impact of a gross-up is under evaluation. The Company does not anticipate material changes to the recognition of operating lease expense in its~~Tower revenues on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

From time to time we enter into direct financing lease arrangements that include (i) a lessee obligation to purchase the leased equipment at the end of the lease term, (ii) a bargain purchase option, (iii) a lease term having a duration that is for the major part of the remaining economic life of the leased equipment or (iv) provides for minimum lease payments with a present value amounting to substantially all of the fair value of the leased asset at the date of lease inception.

ROU assets and lease liabilities related to operating leases where we are the lessee are included in other assets and accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities, respectively, on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The lease liabilities are initially and subsequently measured at the present value of the unpaid lease payments at the lease commencement date.

ROU assets and lease liabilities related to finance leases where we are the lessee are included in property, plant and equipment, net and finance lease obligations, respectively, on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The lease liabilities are initially measured in the same manner as operating leases and are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. ROU assets for finance leases are amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining lease term.

Key estimates and judgments include how we determined (i) the discount rate we use to discount the unpaid lease payments to present value, (ii) lease term and (iii) lease payments.

For operating leases where we are the lessor, we continue recognizing the underlying asset and depreciating it over its estimated useful life. Lease income is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Leasing revenue is not recognized when collection of all contractual rents over the term of the agreement is not probable. When collection is not probable, the lessee is placed on non-accrual status and Leasing revenue is recognized when cash payments are received.

The ROU asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for lease payments made at or before the lease commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred less any lease incentives received.

For operating leases, the ROU asset is subsequently measured throughout the lease term at the carrying amount of the lease liability, plus initial direct costs, plus (minus) any prepaid (accrued) lease payments, less the unamortized balance of lease incentives received. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

For finance leases, the ROU asset is subsequently amortized using the straight-line method from the lease commencement date to the earlier of the end of its useful life or the end of the lease term unless the lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset to us, or we are reasonably certain to exercise an option to purchase the underlying asset. In those cases, the ROU asset is amortized over the useful life of the underlying asset. Amortization of the ROU asset is recognized and presented separately from interest expense on the lease liability.

Variable lease payments associated with our leases are recognized when the event, activity, or circumstance in the lease agreement on which those payments are assessed occurs. Variable lease payments are presented within Leasing, Fiber Infrastructure and Tower revenues and general and administrative expense and operating expense in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income in the same line item as revenue arising from fixed lease payments (operating leases where we are the lessor) and expense arising from fixed lease payments (operating leases where we are the lessee) or amortization of the ROU asset (finance leases), respectively.

We monitor for events or changes in circumstances that require a reassessment of a lease. When a reassessment results in the remeasurement of a lease liability, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the corresponding ROU asset unless doing so would reduce the carrying amount of the ROU asset to an amount less than zero. In that case, the amount of the adjustment that would result in a negative ROU asset balance is recorded in profit or loss.

We have lease agreements which include lease and nonlease components. For both leases where we are a lessor and leases where we are a lessee, we have elected to combine lease and nonlease components for all lease contracts. Nonlease components that are combined with lease components are primarily maintenance services related to the leased asset. Where we are the lessor, we determine whether the lease or nonlease component is the predominant component on a case-by-case basis. For all existing leases where we are the lessor, ASC Topic 842 has been applied to all combined components.

We have elected not to recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for all short-term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less. We recognize the lease payments associated with our short-term leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

We have elected to exclude sales taxes from lease payments in arrangements where we are a lessor.

We adopted ASC 842 using a modified retrospective transition approach as of the effective date as permitted by the amendments in ASU 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Target Improvements, which provides an alternative modified retrospective transition method. As a result, we were not required to adjust our comparative period financial information for effects of the standard or make the new required lease disclosures for periods before the date of adoption (i.e. January 1, 2019). We have elected to adopt the package of transition practical expedients and, therefore, have not reassessed (i) whether existing or expired contracts contain a lease, (ii) lease classification for existing or expired leases or (iii) the accounting for initial direct costs that were previously capitalized. We elected the practical expedient to use hindsight for leases existing at the adoption date. Further, we elected to adopt the amendments in ASU 2018-01: Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842, which permits an entity to elect an optional transaction practical expedient to not evaluate land easements that exist or expire before the Company’s adoption of ASC 842 and that were not previously accounted for as leases under ASC 840, Leases (“ASC 840”).

In connection with the adoption of ASC 842, we have recorded an adjustment to equity of $63.1 million, net of tax for the cumulative effect from a change in accounting standard. Of this amount, $61.5 million related to the write-off of the Master Lease straight-line revenue receivable, and $1.6 million relates to the establishment of the ROU assets and lease liabilities.

The following is a description of principal activities, separated by reportable segments (see Note 13), from which the Company generates its revenues.

Leasing revenue represents the results from our leasing program, Uniti Leasing, which is engaged in the acquisition of mission-critical communications assets and leasing them back to anchor customers on either an exclusive or shared-tenant basis. Due to the nature of these activities, they are outside the scope of the guidance of Topic 606, and are recognized under other applicable guidance, including ASC 842 and ASC 840 for periods prior to January 1, 2019. See Note 4.

The Fiber Infrastructure segment represents the operations of our fiber business, Uniti Fiber, which provides (i) consumer, enterprise, wholesale and backhaul lit fiber, (ii) E-rate, (iii) small cell, (iv) construction services, (v) dark fiber and (vi) other revenue generating activities.

The Towers segment represents the operations of our towers business, Uniti Towers, through which we acquire and construct tower and tower-related real estate, which we then lease to our customers in the United States and Latin America. Revenue from our towers business qualifies as a lease under ASC 842, and ASC 840 for periods prior to January 1, 2019, and is outside the scope of Topic 606.

The Consumer CLEC segment represents the operations of Talk America Services (“Talk America”) through which we operate the Consumer CLEC Business, which provides local telephone, high-speed internet and long-distance services to customers in the eastern and central United States. Customers are billed monthly for services rendered based on actual usage or contracted amounts. The transaction price is equal to the monthly-recurring charge multiplied by the initial contract term (typically 12 months), plus any non-recurring or variable charges.

At March 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, lease receivables were $19.5 million and $45.5 million, respectively, and receivables from contracts with customers were $52.1 million and $57.1 million, respectively.

Contract assets primarily consist of unbilled construction revenue where we are utilizing our costs incurred as the measure of progress of satisfying our performance obligation. When the contract price is invoiced, the related unbilled receivable is reclassified to trade accounts receivable, where the balance will be settled upon the collection of the invoiced amount. Contract liabilities are generally comprised of upfront fees charged to the customer for the cost of establishing the necessary components of the Company’s network prior to the commencement of use by the customer. Fees charged to customers for the recurring use of the Company’s network are recognized during the related periods of service. Upfront fees that are billed in advance of providing services are deferred until such time the customer accepts the Company’s network and then are recognized as service revenues ratably over a period in which substantive services required under the revenue arrangement are expected to be performed, which is the initial term of the arrangement. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, we recognized revenues of $1.4 million that was included in the December 31, 2018 contract liabilities balance.

The following table provides information about contract assets and contract liabilities accounted for under Topic 606.

Performance obligations within contracts to stand ready to provide services are typically satisfied over time or as those services are provided. Contract liabilities primarily relate to deferred revenue from non-recurring charges. The deferred revenue is recognized, and the liability reduced, over the contract term as the Company completes the performance obligation. As of March 31, 2019, our future revenues (i.e., transaction price related to remaining performance obligations) under contract accounted for under Topic 606 totaled $632.7 million, of which $555.5 million is related to contracts that are currently being invoiced and have an average remaining contract term of 2.5 years, while $77.2 million represents our backlog for sales bookings which have yet to be installed and have an average remaining contract term of 4.3 years.

We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts that have an original expected duration of one year or less.

We exclude from the transaction price any amounts collected from customers for sales taxes and therefore, they are not included in revenue.

We lease communications towers, ground, communications equipment, office and dark fiber lease arrangements to tenants under operating leases. Our leases have initial lease terms ranging from 5 year to 20 years, most of which includes options to extend or renew the leases for 5 to 80 years, and some of which may include options to terminate the leases within 1 to 6 months. Certain lease agreements contain provisions for future rent increases. Payments due under the lease contracts include fixed payments plus, for some of our leases, variable payments.

The components of lease income for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 are as follows:

Future minimum lease payments to be received under non-cancellable operating leases where we are the lessor for the remainder of the lease terms are as follows:

The underlying assets under operating leases where we are the lessor as of March 31, 2019 are summarized as follows:

Depreciation expense for the underlying assets under operating leases where we are the lessor for the three months ended March 31, 2019 is summarized as follows:

We have commitments under operating leases for communications towers, ground, colocation and dark fiber lease arrangements. We also have finance leases for dark fiber lease arrangements and other communications equipment. Our leases have initial lease terms ranging from less than one year to 30 years, most of which includes options to extend or renew the leases for less than one year to 85 years, and some of which may include options to terminate the leases within 1 to 6 months. Certain lease agreements contain provisions for future rent increases. Payments due under the lease contracts include fixed payments plus, for some of our leases, variable payments.

As of March 31, 2019, we have short term lease commitments amounting to approximately $1.0 million, for colocation and dark fiber arrangements.

The components of lease cost for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 are as follows:

Amounts reported in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets for leases where we are the lessee as of March 31, 2019 were as follows:

Future lease payments under non-cancellable leases as of March 31, 2019 are as follows:

Future minimum rental payments under non-cancellable operating leases as of December 31, 2018⁽¹⁾ were as follows:

Future minimum rental payments under capital leases in effect as of December 31, 2018⁽¹⁾ were as follows:

For the three months ended March 31, 2019, we recognized $2.5 million of sublease income in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income.

On January 31, 2017, we completed the previously announced acquisition of NMS. The Company accounted for the acquisition of NMS as an asset purchase. At close, NMS owned and operated 366 wireless communications towers in Latin America with an additional 105 build to suit tower sites under development. The NMS portfolio spans three Latin American countries with 212 towers in Mexico, 54 towers in Nicaragua, and 100 towers in Colombia. The consideration for the 366 wireless towers in operation as of the transaction close date was $62.6 million, which was funded through cash on hand, and is presented in NMS asset acquisition on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. NMS conducts its operations through three non-U.S. subsidiaries and the Company has determined that the functional currencies for the Mexican, Nicaraguan and Colombian subsidiaries are the Mexican Peso, US Dollar and Colombian Peso, respectively. The non-U.S. subsidiaries in which NMS conducts its operations are subject to income tax in the jurisdictions in which they operate. The acquisition did not result in a step up in tax basis under local law. The Company recorded a net deferred tax liability of $18.4 million and a liability for unrecognized tax benefits of $5.3 million in connection with the acquisition. The deferred tax liability is primarily related to the excess of the recorded amounts for Property, Plant

& Equipment and Intangibles over their respective historical tax bases. Under the terms of the purchase agreement, we will acquire the towers under development when construction is completed. The NMS towers are reflected in our Towers segment. ~~See Note 12. The following is a summary of the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed:~~

Of the $52.4 million of acquired intangible assets, $37.4 million was assigned to tenant contracts (22 year life), $13.5 million was assigned to network (22 year life) and $1.5 million was assigned to acquired above-market leases (10 year life). The acquired below-market lease intangible liability of $3.4 million has a 10 year life. ~~See Note 7~~.

~~As of~~ September 30, 2017, construction was completed on 43 of the 105 towers that were under development at the time of the NMS acquisition, and we acquired the completed towers pursuant to the purchase agreement for approximately $4.1 million.

On ~~July 3, 2017,~~March 25, 2019, we acquired 100% of the outstanding equity of ~~Southern Light~~JKM Consulting Inc. d/b/a M² Connections (“M²”) for ~~$638 million in~~ cash ~~and 2.5 million common units in the Operating Partnership with an acquisition date fair value~~consideration of ~~$64.3~~$5.5 million. ~~Southern Light~~M² is a ~~leading~~dark fiber and internet access provider ~~of data transport services along the Gulf Coast region serving twelve attractive Tier II and Tier III markets across Florida, Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi.~~primarily to educational institutions in Alabama. This acquisition strengthens Uniti Fiber’s relationships with new E-Rate customers. The acquisition was recorded by allocating the costs of the assets acquired based on their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. The excess of the cost of the acquisition over the fair value of the assets acquired is recorded as goodwill of $1.8 million within our Fiber Infrastructure segment. See Note 13. For federal income tax purposes, the transaction was treated as a taxable acquisition. Thus, all of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The financial results of M² are included in the Fiber Infrastructure segment from the date of acquisition and were not material, individually or in the aggregate, to our results of operations and therefore, pro forma financial information has not been presented.

On October 19, 2018, we acquired 100% of the outstanding equity of Information Transport Solutions, Inc. (“ITS”) for cash consideration of $58.3 million. ITS is a full-service managed services provider of technology solutions, primarily to educational institutions in Alabama and Florida. This acquisition expands Uniti Fiber’s product offerings and strengthens relationships with new and existing E-Rate customers. The acquisition was recorded by allocating the costs of the assets acquired based on their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. The excess of the cost of the acquisition over the fair value of the assets acquired is recorded as goodwill within our Fiber Infrastructure segment. See Note 1213. During the first quarter of 2019, certain contractual working capital adjustments resulted in a $1.3 million reduction of the purchase price and goodwill. The following is a summary of the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed:

	(thousands)			(thousands)
Property, plant and equipment	$	279,658		$	4,270
Cash and cash equivalents		1,992			5,931
Accounts receivable		11,139			3,909
Other assets					7,238
Goodwill		318,007			9,941
Intangible assets		160,100			30,254
Other assets		1,287
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities		(19,546	)		(2,645	)
Deferred revenue		(38,134	)		(567	)
Deferred income taxes		(9,004	)
Capital lease obligations		(3,189	)
Total purchase consideration	$	702,310		$	58,331

The above purchase price allocation is considered preliminary and is subject to revision when the valuation of assets and liabilities is finalized upon receipt of the final valuation report from a third party valuation expert, and resolution of contractual adjustments, such as working capital adjustments, set forth in the merger agreement, which is anticipated to be finalized during the first half of 2018.

The goodwill arising from the transaction is primarily attributable to strategic opportunities that arose from the ~~expansion~~acquisition of ~~our fiber network through the complementary nature of Southern Light’s fiber network to our~~ITS, including strengthening relationships with new and existing ~~fiber network, including~~E-Rate customers and anticipated incremental sales and cost savings. ~~A portion~~For federal income tax purposes, the transaction was treated as a taxable acquisition. Thus, all of thethe goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes.

We acquired an intangible asset that was assigned to customer relationships of ~~$160.1~~$30.3 million ~~(15~~(14 year life). The Company determined the useful life for the customer relationship by applying an income approach (using the multi-period excess earnings method with a discount rate commensurate to the risk of the asset) and resulted from two key considerations: attrition rate and cumulative present value of cash flows, including assessing the period over which the asset is expected to contribute to the Company’s future cash flows.

On February 19, 2019, the Company announced it had agreed to sell Uniti Towers’ Latin America business (“LATAM”) to an entity controlled by Phoenix Towers International (“PTI”) for cash consideration of approximately $100 million. As of March 31, 2019, the sale of LATAM met the criteria to be classified as held for sale. The ~~acquired~~Company classified LATAM’s assets and liabilities separately on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2019.

The following table presents the assets and liabilities associated with the LATAM business ~~contributed revenue~~classified as held for sale as of ~~$22.4 million~~March 31, 2019:

The LATAM business is included in the results of the Towers segment. The sale does not represent a strategic shift that will have a major effect on operations and financial results and, therefore, did not qualify for presentation as a discontinued operation. The transaction closed on April 2, 2019. See Note 17 for further details on the subsequent completed sale of LATAM.

On January 15, 2019, the Company entered into an operating ~~income~~company/property company (“OpCo-PropCo”) transaction with Macquarie Infrastructure Partners (“MIP”) to acquire Bluebird Network, LLC (“Bluebird”). MIP operates within the Macquarie Infrastructure and Real Assets ("MIRA") division of ~~$1.9~~Macquarie Group. In the transaction, Uniti has agreed to purchase the Bluebird fiber network and MIP has agreed to purchase the Bluebird operations. In addition, Uniti has agreed to sell Uniti Fiber’s Midwest operations to MIP, while Uniti will retain its existing Midwest fiber network. As of March 31, 2019, the sale of the Midwest operations met the criteria to be classified as held for sale. As a result, the Company classified $7.5 million ~~which excludes transaction~~of net property, plant and ~~transition costs,~~equipment to ~~our consolidated results from the date of acquisition through September 30, 2017. We recorded transaction related costs related to the acquisition of Southern Light~~assets held for ~~the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 of $2.1 million and $14.5 million, respectively, within transaction related costs~~sale on the Condensed Consolidated ~~Statement~~Balance Sheet as of ~~Income.~~

March 31, 2019. The ~~acquisition of Southern Light was structured~~Midwest operations that will be sold to MIP are currently reported in a manner such that Southern Light ended up being owned by a subsidiary of ours with a pre-existing valuation allowance primarily related to deferred tax assets associated with net operating loss carryforwards. The acquisition of Southern Light also resulted in a change to our assessment of the need for a valuation allowance against these deferred tax assets, which resulted in a decrease to the valuation allowance of $8.0 million. The decrease in valuation allowance was recorded as an income tax benefit for the quarter ended September 30, 2017.

On July 3, 2017, we acquired 100% of the outstanding equity of Hunt for $130.2 million in cash and 1.6 million common units in the Operating Partnership with an acquisition date fair value of $41.6 million. Additional contingent consideration of up to $17 million, with an acquisition date fair value of $16.4 million, may be paid upon the achievement of certain financial revenue milestones by delivering shares of our common stock. ~~See Note 4~~. Hunt is a leading provider of data transport to K-12 schools and government agencies with a dense fiber network in Louisiana. The acquisition was recorded by allocating the costs of the assets acquired based on their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. The excess of the cost of the acquisition over the fair value of the assets acquired is recorded as goodwill within our Fiber Infrastructure segment. ~~See Note 12~~.

The ~~above purchase price allocation is considered preliminary~~sale does not represent a strategic shift that will have a major effect on operations and isfinancial results and, therefore, did not qualify for presentation as a discontinued operation. These transactions are subject to ~~revision when~~regulatory and other closing conditions and are expected to close by the ~~valuation of assets and liabilities is finalized upon receipt~~end of the ~~final valuation report from a~~ third ~~party valuation expert, which is anticipated to be finalized during the first half~~quarter of ~~2018.~~

The goodwill arising from the transaction is primarily attributable to the expansion of our fiber network through the complementary nature of Hunt’s fiber network to our existing fiber network, including anticipated incremental sales and cost savings. ~~The goodwill is not expected to be deductible for tax purposes.~~

~~We acquired an intangible asset that was assigned to customer relationships of $73 million (18 year life).~~

The acquired business contributed revenue of $7.9 million and an operating income of $1.4 million, which excludes transaction and transition costs, to our consolidated results from the date of acquisition through September 30, 2017. We recorded transaction related costs related to the acquisition of Hunt for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 of $2.0 million and $5.7 million, respectively, within transaction related costs on the Consolidated Statement of Income.2019.

The ~~following table presents the unaudited pro forma summary~~Company had no assets or liabilities classified as held for sale as of our financial results as if the Southern Light and Hunt business combinations had occurred on January 1, 2016. The pro forma results include additional depreciation and amortization resulting from purchase accounting adjustments, adjustments to amortized deferred revenue, and interest expense associated with debt used to fund the acquisition. The pro forma results do not include any synergies or other benefits of the acquisition. The pro forma results are not indicative of future results of operations, or results that might have been achieved had the acquisition been consummated on January 1, 2016.December 31, 2018.

~~On August 31, 2016, we~~ acquired 100% of the outstanding equity of Tower Cloud, Inc. (“Tower Cloud”) for $187.5 million in cash and 1.9 million shares of our common stock with an acquisition date fair value of $58.5 million. Additional contingent consideration of up to $130 million, with an acquisition date fair value of $98.6 million, may be paid upon the achievement of certain defined operational and financial milestones. ~~See Note 4~~. At the Company’s discretion, a combination of cash and shares of our common stock may be used to satisfy the contingent consideration payments, provided that at least 50% of the aggregate amount of payments is satisfied in cash. Tower Cloud provides data transport services, with particular focus on providing infrastructure solutions to the wireless and enterprise sectors, including fiber-to-the-tower backhaul, small cell networks, and dark fiber deployments. The acquisition was recorded by allocating the costs of the assets acquired based on their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. The excess of the cost of the acquisition over the fair value of the assets acquired is recorded as goodwill within our Fiber Infrastructure segment. ~~See Note 12. During the first quarter of 2017, certain contractual working capital adjustments resulted in a $0.2 million reduction of the purchase price and goodwill.~~ ~~See Note 7. The following is a summary of the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed:~~

On May 2, 2016, we acquired 100% of the outstanding equity of PEG Bandwidth for $322.5 million in cash, the issuance of 87,500 shares of our 3.00% Series A Convertible Preferred Stock with a fair value of $78.6 million and 1 million shares of our common stock with an acquisition date fair value of $23.2 million. PEG Bandwidth is a leading provider of infrastructure solutions, including cell site backhaul and dark fiber, to the telecommunications industry. The acquisition was recorded by allocating the costs of the assets

acquired based on their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. The excess of the cost of the acquisition over the fair value of the assets acquired is recorded as goodwill within our Fiber Infrastructure segment. ~~See Note 12~~. ~~The following is a summary of the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed:~~

FASB ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements, establishes a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on the observability of inputs utilized in measuring assets and liabilities at fair values. This hierarchy establishes market-based or observable inputs as the preferred source of values, followed by valuation models using management assumptions in the absence of market inputs. The three levels of the hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1 – Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity can access at the assessment ~~date~~date;

Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or ~~indirectly~~indirectly; and

Our financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts and other receivables, a derivative ~~liability,~~asset, our outstanding notes and other debt, contingent consideration and accounts, interest and dividends payable.

The following table summarizes the fair value of our financial instruments at ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2019 and December 31, ~~2016:~~2018:

(Thousands)	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Prices with Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Prices with Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Prices with Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Prices with Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
At September 30, 2017
At March 31, 2019
Assets
Derivative asset									$	9,357	$	-	$	9,357	$	-
Total									$	9,357	$	-	$	9,357	$	-

Liabilities
Senior secured term loan B - variable rate, due October 24, 2022	$	1,935,245	$	-	$	1,935,245	$	-	$	2,009,024	$	-	$	2,009,024	$	-
Senior secured notes - 6.00%, due April 15, 2023		523,188		-		523,188		-		518,375		-		518,375		-
Senior unsecured notes - 8.25%, due October 15, 2023		979,575		-		979,575		-		996,225		-		996,225		-
Senior unsecured notes - 7.125%, due December 15, 2024		505,500		-		505,500		-		516,000		-		516,000		-
Senior secured revolving credit facility, variable rate, due April 24, 2020		159,984		-		159,984		-		748,925		-		748,925		-
Derivative liability		10,442		-		10,442		-
Contingent consideration		104,117		-		-		104,117		60,797		-		-		60,797
Total	$	4,218,051	$	-	$	4,113,934	$	104,117	$	4,849,346	$	-	$	4,788,549	$	60,797

(Thousands)	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Prices with Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Prices with Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Prices with Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Prices with Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
At December 31, 2016
At December 31, 2018
Assets
Derivative asset									$	31,043	$	-	$	31,043	$	-
Total									$	31,043	$	-	$	31,043	$	-

Liabilities
Senior secured term loan B - variable rate, due October 24, 2022	$	2,139,586	$	-	$	2,139,586	$	-	$	1,877,303	$	-	$	1,877,303	$	-
Senior secured notes - 6.00%, due April 15, 2023		569,250		-		569,250		-		504,625		-		504,625		-
Senior unsecured notes - 8.25%, due October 15, 2023		1,176,600		-		1,176,600		-		965,700		-		965,700		-
Senior unsecured notes - 7.125%, due December 15, 2024		404,000		-		404,000		-		496,500		-		496,500		-
Derivative liability		6,102		-		6,102		-
Senior secured revolving credit facility, variable rate, due April 24, 2020										639,936		-		639,936		-
Contingent consideration		98,600		-		-		98,600		83,401		-		-		83,401
Total	$	4,394,138	$	-	$	4,295,538	$	98,600	$	4,567,465	$	-	$	4,484,064	$	83,401

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts and other receivables, and accounts, interest and dividends payable approximate fair values due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments.

The total principal balance of our outstanding notes and other debt was ~~$4.5~~$5.07 billion at ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2019, with a fair value of ~~$4.1~~$4.79 billion. The estimated fair value of our outstanding notes and other debt was based on available external pricing data and current market rates for similar debt instruments, among other factors, which are classified as Level 2 inputs within the fair value hierarchy. Derivative ~~liabilities~~assets are carried at fair value. See Note 6.9. The fair value of an interest rate swap is determined based on the present value of expected future cash flows using observable, quoted LIBOR swap rates for the full term of the swap and also incorporate credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both Uniti’s own non-performance risk and non-performance risk of the respective counterparties. The Company has determined that the majority of the inputs used to value its derivative ~~liabilities~~assets fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy; however the associated credit valuation adjustments utilized Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of credit spreads, to evaluate the likelihood of default by the Company and its counterparties. As of ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2019, the Company has assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of its derivative positions and has determined that the credit valuation adjustment is not significant to the overall value of the derivatives. As such, the Company classifies its derivative ~~liabilities~~assets valuation in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

~~As part of~~The merger agreement related to the July 3, 2017 acquisition of Hunt ~~on July 3, 2017, we may be obligated to pay~~Telecommunications, LLC (“Hunt”) contained a contingent consideration arrangement (the “Hunt Contingent Consideration”) upon the achievement of certain defined revenue ~~milestones; therefore, we have recorded the estimated fair value of contingent consideration of approximately $9.5 million as of September 30, 2017.~~ ~~See Note 3. In accordance with the Hunt merger agreement, Uniti common shares will be used to satisfy the contingent consideration payment.~~milestones. The fair value of the Hunt Contingent Consideration ~~at September 30, 2017~~ was determined using the closing price of our common shares in the active market and probability ~~estimates~~ of ~~future earnings~~expected declared dividends and is classified as Level 3. In accordance with the merger agreement, Uniti common shares will be used to satisfy the contingent consideration payment, and on January 4, 2019, we settled the Hunt Contingent Consideration in full satisfaction of the obligation through the issuance of 645,385 common shares having a fair value of $11.2 million.

We acquired Tower Cloud, Inc. (“Tower Cloud”) on August 31, 2016. As part of the ~~acquisition of~~ Tower Cloud ~~on August 31, 2016,~~acquisition, we may be obligated to pay contingent consideration upon achievement of certain defined operational and financial ~~milestones; therefore, we~~milestones. At the Company’s discretion, a combination of cash and Uniti common shares may be used to satisfy the contingent consideration payments, provided that at least 50% of the aggregate amount of payments is satisfied in cash. We recorded the estimated fair value of future contingent consideration of ~~$94.6~~$60.8 million as of ~~September 30, 2017.~~March 31, 2019. The fair value of the contingent consideration as of ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2019, was determined using a discounted cash flow model and probability adjusted estimates of the future ~~earnings~~operational milestones and is classified as Level 3. During the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2019 and 2018, we paid ~~$1.2~~$8.2 million and ~~$20.0~~$12.7 million, respectively, for the achievement of certain milestones in accordance with the Tower Cloud merger agreement.

Changes in the fair value of contingent consideration arrangements are recorded in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income in the period in which the change occurs. For the three months ended ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2019, there was a ~~$3.9~~$3.3 million decrease in the fair value of the contingent consideration that was recorded in Other (income) expense on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, there was a $9.1 million increase in the fair value of the contingent consideration that was recorded in Other (income) expense on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

The following is a roll forward of our liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using unobservable inputs (Level 3):

(Thousands)	Depreciable Lives			September 30, 2017			December 31, 2016				Depreciable Lives			March 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
Land	Indefinite			$	26,898		$	26,833			Indefinite			$	27,567		$	29,304
Building and improvements	3 - 40 years				324,692			318,967			3 - 40 years				342,883			340,238
Real property interests	50 - 99 years				26,782			12,265				(1	)		34,878			34,878
Poles	13 - 40 years				242,248			234,393			30 years				251,235			248,989
Fiber	7 - 40 years				2,587,647			2,243,822			30 years				3,086,635			3,005,304
Equipment	5 - 7 years				200,542			130,945			5 - 7 years				251,894			256,838
Copper	7 - 40 years				3,626,505			3,538,566			20 years				3,732,409			3,721,649
Conduit	13 - 47 years				91,179			90,540			30 years				89,740			89,692
Tower assets	20 - 49 years				59,162			4,307			20 years				98,941			120,073
Capital lease assets		(1	)		97,283			89,723				(1	)		128,098			123,017
Other assets	15 - 20 years				6,806			5,299			15 - 20 years				11,762			11,524
Corporate assets	3 - 7 years				2,888			2,731			3 - 7 years				4,140			4,214
Construction in progress		(1	)		126,082			52,685				(1	)		114,814			137,585
					7,418,714			6,751,076							8,174,996			8,123,305
Less accumulated depreciation					(4,381,245	)		(4,081,039	)						(5,000,252	)		(4,914,299	)
Net property, plant and equipment				$	3,037,469		$	2,670,037						$	3,174,744		$	3,209,006
(1) See our Annual Report for property, plant and equipment accounting policies.										(1) See our Annual Report for property, plant and equipment accounting policies.

⁽¹⁾ ~~See our Annual Report for property, plant and equipment accounting policies.~~

Depreciation expense for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2019 and 2018 was ~~$107.1~~$97.5 million and ~~$305.8~~$108.2 million, respectively. ~~Depreciation expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 was $95.0 million and $271.7 million, respectively.~~

The Company uses derivative instruments to mitigate the effects of interest rate volatility inherent in our variable rate debt, which could unfavorably impact our future earnings and forecasted cash flows. The Company does not use derivative instruments for speculative or trading purposes.

On April 27, 2015, we entered into fixed for floating interest rate swap agreements to mitigate the interest rate risk inherent in our variable rate Senior Secured Term Loan B facility. These interest rate swaps are designated as cash flow hedges and have a notional value of ~~$2.12~~$2.06 billion and mature on October 24, 2022. The weighted average fixed rate paid is 2.105%, and the variable rate received resets monthly to the one-month LIBOR subject to a minimum rate of 1.0%. The Company does not currently have any master netting arrangements related to its derivative contracts.

The following table summarizes the fair value and the presentation in our Condensed Consolidated Balance ~~Sheet:~~Sheets:

As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, all of the interest rate swaps were valued in net unrealized loss positions and recognized as liability balances within the derivative liability balance. ~~For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the amount recorded in other comprehensive income related to the unrealized loss on derivative instruments was $2.9 million and~~

As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, all of the interest rate swaps were valued in net unrealized gain positions and recognized as asset balances within the derivative asset balance. ~~$20.6 million, respectively.~~For the three months ended March 31, 2019, the amount recorded in other comprehensive income related to the unrealized loss on derivative instruments was $19.6 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2018, the amount recorded in other comprehensive income related to the unrealized gain on derivative instruments was $32.7 million. The amount reclassified out of other comprehensive income into interest expense on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2019, was $4.7 million and $16.3 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the amount recorded in other comprehensive income related to the unrealized loss on derivative instruments was $7.8 million and $81.2 million, respectively.a benefit of $2.1 million. The amount reclassified out of other comprehensive income into interest expense on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2016~~March 31, 2018, was ~~$6.0 million and $17.8 million, respectively.~~$2.6 million. For the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2019 and 2018, there was no ineffective portion of the change in fair value derivatives. ~~For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, there was no ineffective portion of the change in fair value derivatives.~~

Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on our variable-rate debt. During the next twelve months, beginning ~~October~~April 1, ~~2017,~~2019, we estimate that ~~$21.7~~$8.2 million will be reclassified as ~~an increase~~a benefit to interest expense.

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill occurring during the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2019, are as follows:

(Thousands)	September 30, 2017						December 31, 2016						March 31, 2019								December 31, 2018
	Cost			Accumulated Amortization			Cost			Accumulated Amortization			Original Cost			Cumulative Translation Adjustment		Accumulated Amortization			Original Cost			Cumulative Translation Adjustment			Accumulated Amortization
Indefinite life intangible assets:
Trade name	$	2,000		$	-		$	2,000		$	-		$	2,000		$	-	$	-		$	2,000		$	-		$	-

Finite life intangible assets:
Customer lists(3)		421,744			(40,120	)		188,642			(30,058	)		450,597			-		(75,122	)		451,997			-			(69,393	)
Tenant contracts(3)		40,117			(1,216	)		-			-			-			-		-			37,386			411			(3,293	)
Network⁽¹⁾⁽³⁾		14,526			(440	)		-			-			-			-		-			13,541			144			(1,192	)
Acquired below-market leases(3)		1,509			(101	)		-			-			-			-		-			1,509			-			(289	)

Total intangible assets		479,896						190,642						452,597								506,988
Less: Accumulated amortization		(41,877	)					(30,058	)					(75,122	)							(74,167	)
Total intangible assets, net	$	438,019					$	160,584					$	377,475							$	432,821

Finite life intangible liabilities:
Acquired above-market leases(3)	$	3,571		$	(238	)	$	-		$	-		$	-		$	-	$	-		$	3,440		$	(182	)	$	(624	)

Finite life intangible liabilities:
Acquired above-market leases		3,571						-

Total intangible liabilities														-								3,258
Less: Accumulated amortization		(238	)					-						-								(624	)
Total intangible liabilities, net⁽²⁾	$	3,333					$	-					$	-							$	2,634

As of March 31, 2019, the remaining weighted average amortization period of the Company’s intangible assets was 17.9 years. Amortization expense for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2019 and 2018 was $6.3 million and ~~$11.6~~$6.5 million, respectively. ~~Amortization expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 was $1.7 million and $3.7 million, respectively.~~

Amortization expense is estimated to be ~~$18.3~~$23.2 million for the full year of ~~2017, $25.1 million in 2018, $24.5 million in~~ 2019, ~~$24.0~~$23.7 million in 2020, ~~and $23.5~~$23.3 million in ~~2021.~~2021, $22.9 million in 2022, and $22.8 million for 2023.

All debt, including the senior secured credit facility and notes described below, are obligations of the Operating Partnership and certain of its subsidiaries as discussed below. The Company is, however, a guarantor of such debt.

(Thousands)	September 30, 2017			December 31, 2016			March 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
Principal amount	$	4,512,157		$	4,167,967		$	5,069,538		$	4,965,808
Less unamortized discount, premium and debt issuance costs		(150,194	)		(139,753	)		(148,893	)		(119,575	)
Notes and other debt less unamortized discount, premium and debt issuance costs	$	4,361,963		$	4,028,214		$	4,920,645		$	4,846,233

Notes and other debt at ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2019 and December 31, ~~2016~~2018 consisted of the following:

	September 30, 2017					December 31, 2016					March 31, 2019					December 31, 2018
(Thousands)	Principal		Unamortized Discount, Premium and Debt Issuance Costs			Principal		Unamortized Discount and Debt Issuance Costs			Principal		Unamortized Discount, Premium and Debt Issuance Costs			Principal		Unamortized Discount, Premium and Debt Issuance Costs
Senior secured term loan B - variable rate, due October 24, 2022 (discount is based on imputed interest rate of 5.66%)	$	2,092,157		(91,302	)	$	2,107,967	$	(78,699	)
Senior secured term loan B - variable rate, due October 24, 2022 (discount is based on imputed interest rate of 7.47%)											$	2,060,538		(92,264	)	$	2,065,808	$	(70,337	)
Senior secured notes - 6.00%, due April 15, 2023 (discount is based on imputed interest rate of 6.29%)		550,000		(8,961	)		550,000		(9,817	)		550,000		(6,754	)		550,000		(7,116	)
Senior unsecured notes - 8.25%, due October 15, 2023 (discount is based on imputed interest rate of 9.06%)		1,110,000		(42,062	)		1,110,000		(45,599	)		1,110,000		(33,428	)		1,110,000		(34,900	)
Senior unsecured notes - 7.125% due December 15, 2024		600,000		(7,869	)		400,000		(5,638	)		600,000		(6,999	)		600,000		(7,222	)
Senior secured revolving credit facility, variable rate, due April 24, 2020		160,000		-			-		-			749,000		(9,448	)		640,000		-
Total	$	4,512,157	$	(150,194	)	$	4,167,967	$	(139,753	)	$	5,069,538	$	(148,893	)	$	4,965,808	$	(119,575	)

At ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2019, notes and other debt included the following: (i) $2.1 billion under the ~~senior secured term loan~~Senior Secured Term Loan B facility that matures on October 24, 2022 (“Term Loan Facility”) pursuant to the credit agreement by and among the Operating Partnership, CSL Capital, LLC and Uniti Group Finance Inc., the guarantors and lenders party thereto and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent (the “Credit Agreement”); (ii) $550.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6.00% Senior Secured Notes due April 15, 2023 (the “Secured Notes”); (iii) $1.11 billion aggregate principal amount of 8.25% Senior Notes due October 15, 2023 (the “2023 Notes”); (iv) $600 million aggregate principal amount of 7.125% Senior Unsecured Notes due December 15, 2024 (the “2024 Notes,” and together with the Secured Notes and 2023 Notes, the “Notes”), and (v) ~~$160~~$749 million under the senior secured revolving credit facility, variable rate, that matures April 24, 2020 pursuant to the Credit Agreement (the “Revolving Credit Facility” and, together with the Term Loan Facility, the “Facilities”).

On May 9, 2017, the Company completed its previously announced reorganization (the “up-REIT Reorganization”) to operate through a customary “up-REIT” structure. Under this structure, the Operating Partnership now holds substantially all of the Company’s assets and is the parent company of, among others, CSL Capital, LLC, Uniti ~~Group~~ Finance Inc. and Uniti Fiber Holdings Inc. In connection with the up-REIT Reorganization, the Operating Partnership replaced the Company and assumed its obligations as an obligor under the Notes and Facilities. The Company subsequently became a guarantor of the Notes and Facilities. Because the Operating

~~Partnership is not a corporation, a corporate co-obligor that is a subsidiary of the Operating Partnership was also added to the Notes and~~ Credit Agreement as part of the up-REIT Reorganization. As discussed below, Uniti Group Finance Inc. is the corporate co-obligor under the Credit Agreement and co-issuer of the Secured Notes and the 2023 Notes, and Uniti Fiber Holdings Inc. is the co-issuer of the 2024 Notes. Separate financial statements of the Operating Partnership have not been included since the Operating Partnership is not a registrant.

The Operating Partnership and its ~~wholly-owned~~wholly owned subsidiaries, CSL Capital, LLC, and Uniti Group Finance Inc. (collectively, the “Borrowers”) are party to the Credit Agreement, which provides for the Term Loan Facility (in an initial principal amount of $2.14 billion) and the Revolving Credit Facility. The term loans bear interest at a rate equal to LIBOR, subject to a 1.0% floor, plus an applicable margin equal to ~~3.00%,~~5.00% and are subject to amortization of 1.0% per annum. All obligations under the Credit Agreement are guaranteed by (i) the Company and (ii) certain of the Operating Partnership’s ~~wholly-owned~~wholly owned subsidiaries (the “Subsidiary Guarantors”), and are secured by substantially all of the assets of the Borrowers and the Subsidiary Guarantors, which assets also secure the Secured Notes. The Revolving Credit Facility bears interest at a rate equal to LIBOR plus 1.75% to 2.25% based on our consolidated secured leverage ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement. On April 28, 2017, we amended the Credit Agreement to increase the commitments under our Revolving Credit Facility from $500 million to $750 million. Other terms of the Revolving Credit Facility remain unchanged.

The Borrowers are subject to customary covenants under the Credit Agreement, including an obligation to maintain a consolidated secured leverage ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement, not to exceed 5.00 to 1.00. We are permitted, subject to customary conditions, to incur (i) incremental term loan borrowings and/or increased commitments under the Credit Agreement in an unlimited amount, so long as, on a pro forma basis after giving effect to any such borrowings or increases, our consolidated secured leverage ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement, does not exceed 4.00 to 1.00 and (ii) other indebtedness, so long as, on a pro forma basis after giving effect to any such indebtedness, our consolidated total leverage ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement, does not exceed 6.50 to 1.00 and our consolidated secured leverage ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement, does not exceed 4.00 to 1.00. In addition, the Credit Agreement contains customary events of default, including a cross default provision whereby the failure of the Borrowers or certain of their subsidiaries to make payments under other debt obligations, or the occurrence of certain events affecting those other borrowing arrangements, could trigger an obligation to repay any amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement. In particular, a repayment obligation could be triggered if (i) the Borrowers or certain of their subsidiaries fail to make a payment when due of any principal or interest on any other indebtedness aggregating $75.0 million or more, or (ii) an event occurs that causes, or would permit the holders of any other indebtedness aggregating $75.0 million or more to cause, such indebtedness to become due

prior to its stated maturity. As of ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2019, the Borrowers were in compliance with all of the covenants under the Credit Agreement.

On March 18, 2019, we received a limited waiver from our lenders under our Credit Agreement, waiving an event of default related solely to the receipt of a going concern opinion from our auditors for our 2018 audited financial statements. The limited waiver was issued in connection with the fourth amendment (the “Amendment”) to our Credit Agreement. During the pendency of Windstream’s bankruptcy, or at such earlier time when certain other conditions are specified, the Amendment generally limits our ability under the Credit Agreement to (i) prepay unsecured indebtedness and (ii) pay cash dividends in excess of 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding any net capital gains. The Amendment also increased the interest rate on our Term Loan Facility, which will now bear a rate of LIBOR, subject to a 1.0% floor, plus an applicable margin equal to 5.0%, a 200 basis point increase over our previous rate. This increase will be in effect through the remaining term of the facility, which matures on October 24, 2022.

A termination of the Master Lease would result in an “event of default” under the Credit Agreement if a replacement lease was not entered into within ninety (90) calendar days and we do not maintain pro forma compliance with a consolidated secured leverage ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement, of 5.00 to 1.00.

The Borrowers, as co-issuers, have outstanding $550 million aggregate principal amount of the Secured Notes, of which $400 million was originally issued on April 24, 2015 at an issue price of 100% of par value and the remaining $150 million was issued on June 9, 2016 at an issue price of 99.25% of the par value as an add-on to the existing Secured Notes. The Borrowers, as co-issuers, also have outstanding $1.11 billion aggregate principal amount of the 2023 Notes that were originally issued on April 24, 2015 at an issue price of 97.055% of par value. The Secured Notes and the 2023 Notes are guaranteed by the Company and the Subsidiary Guarantors.

The Operating Partnership and its ~~wholly-~~wholly owned subsidiaries, CSL Capital, LLC and Uniti Fiber Holdings Inc., as co-issuers, have outstanding $600 million aggregate principal amount of the 2024 Notes, of which $400 million was originally issued on December 15, 2016 at an issue price of 100% of par value and the remaining $200 million of which was issued on May 8, 2017 at an issue price of 100.50% of par value under a separate indenture and was mandatorily exchanged on August 11, 2017 for 2024 Notes issued as “additional notes” under the indenture governing the 2024 Notes. The 2024 Notes are guaranteed by the Company, Uniti Group Finance Inc. and the Subsidiary Guarantors.

Deferred financing costs were incurred in connection with the issuance of the Notes and the Facilities. These costs are amortized using the effective interest method over the term of the related indebtedness, and are included in interest expense in our ~~Consolidated~~

Statements of ~~Income.~~Income. For the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2019 and 2018, we recognized ~~$2.9~~$3.8 million and ~~$8.0~~$3.6 million, respectively, of non-cash interest expense related to the amortization of deferred financing costs. ~~For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, we recognized $2.0 million and $5.6 million, respectively, of non-cash interest expense related to the amortization of deferred financing costs.~~

On April 25, 2017, we issued 19.5 million shares of our common stock, par value $0.0001 per share. The shares were sold at a public offering price of $26.50, generating proceeds of approximately $518 million, before underwriter discounts and transaction costs. The Company used the proceeds from this offering to fund a portion of the cash consideration paid in connection with the acquisitions of Southern Light and Hunt that closed on July 3, 2017.

On ~~April 24, 2015, Uniti was separated and spun-off (the “Spin-Off”) from Windstream Holdings, Inc. (“Windstream Holdings” and together with its subsidiaries, “Windstream”).~~ ~~In connection with the Spin-Off,~~ Windstream contributed certain telecommunications network assets, including fiber and copper networks and other real estate (the “Distribution Systems”) and a small consumer competitive local exchange carrier (“CLEC”) business (the “Consumer CLEC Business”) and ~~we issued approximately 149.8 million shares of our common stock to Windstream Services as partial consideration for the contribution of the Distribution Systems and the Consumer CLEC Business.~~ Immediately following the Spin-Off, we entered into a long-term exclusive triple-net lease (the “Master Lease”) with Windstream pursuant to which Uniti leases the Distribution Systems to Windstream. Windstream distributed approximately 80.4% of the Uniti shares it received to existing stockholders of Windstream Holdings and retained a passive ownership interest of approximately 19.6% of the common stock of Uniti. As a result of this ownership Windstream was deemed to be a related party.

On June 15, 2016, Windstream Holdings disposed of 14.7 million shares of our common stock, representing approximately half of its retained ownership interest. On June 24, 2016, Windstream Holdings disposed of its remaining 14.7 million shares of our common stock as part of a public offering. The Company did not receive any proceeds resulting from the disposition of these shares.

Accordingly, effective as of June 24, 2016, Windstream is no longer deemed a related party under applicable accounting regulations. Our condensed consolidated financial statements reflect the following transactions with Windstream during the periods in which Windstream was deemed a related party.

~~Revenues~~ – The Company records leasing revenue pursuant to the Master Lease. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, we recognized leasing revenues of $169.0 million and $337.6 million, respectively, related to the Master Lease.

~~General and Administrative Expenses~~ – We were party to a Transition Services Agreement (“TSA”) pursuant to which Windstream and its affiliates provided, on an interim basis, various services, including but not limited to information technology services, payment processing and collection services, financial and tax services, regulatory compliance and other support services. On April 1, 2016, the TSA terminated and we incurred $19,000 of related TSA expense for the three months ended March 31, 2016.

~~Operating Expenses~~ – We are party to a Wholesale Master Services Agreement (“Wholesale Agreement”) and a Master Services Agreement (the “Master Service Agreement”) with Windstream related to the Consumer CLEC Business. Under the Wholesale Agreement, Windstream provides us transport services (local and long distance telecommunications service), provisioning services (directory assistance, directory listing, service activation and service changes), and repair services (routine and emergency network maintenance, network audits and network security). Under the Master Services Agreement, Windstream provides billing and collections services to Uniti. During the three months ended June 30, 2016, we incurred expenses of $3.2 million and $0.4 million related to the Wholesale Agreement and Master Services Agreement, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2016, we incurred expenses of $6.6 million and $0.9 million related to the Wholesale Agreement and Master Services Agreement, respectively.

~~Employee Matters Agreement~~ – We are party to an Employee Matters Agreement (“Employee Matters Agreement”) with Windstream that governs the respective compensation and employee benefit obligations of the Company and Windstream in connection with and following the Spin-Off. Under the Employee Matters Agreement, if requested by a Windstream employee, the Company is required to withhold shares to satisfy the employee’s tax obligations arising from the recognition of income and the vesting of shares related to awards of Uniti restricted stock held by the employee that were granted in connection with the Spin-Off. In that case, the Company

must pay to Windstream an amount of cash equal to the amount required to be withheld to satisfy minimum statutory tax withholding obligations or, at the request of Windstream, remit such cash directly to the applicable taxing authorities. During the six months ended June 30, 2016, we withheld 91,412 common shares to satisfy these minimum statutory tax-withholding obligations and delivered $1.9 million to Windstream for remittance to the applicable taxing authorities.

~~Lease Amendment~~ – During the quarter ended March 31, 2016, we amended the Master Lease with Windstream (the “Master Lease Amendment”) to allow for the transfer of ownership rights or exchanges of indefeasible rights of use (an “IRU”) and other long term rights in certain fiber and associated assets constituting leased property under the Master Lease. We will enter into such transactions pursuant to certain fiber exchange agreements under which we will grant to a third party ownership rights in certain fiber assets or an IRU in certain fiber assets that constitute leased property under the Master Lease in exchange for Uniti receiving ownership rights in certain fiber assets or an IRU in certain fiber assets of the third party, which we will then lease to Windstream as leased property under the Master Lease~~. Under the terms of the Master Lease Amendment, Windstream is responsible for any taxes imposed on Uniti related to the sale, exchange or other disposition of the fiber assets delivered to a~~ third party or the granting of rights to the leased property that arise from fiber exchange agreements. As of June 24, 2016, no such transactions had been consummated. The Master Lease Amendment also permits us to install, own and operate certain wireless communication towers, antennas and related equipment on designated portions of the leased property.

Our time-based restricted stock awards are considered participating securities as they receive non-forfeitable rights to dividends at the same rate as common stock. As participating securities, we included these instruments in the computation of earnings per share under the two-class method described in FASB ASC 260, Earnings per Share (“ASC 260”).

We also have outstanding performance-based restricted stock units that contain forfeitable rights to receive dividends. Therefore, the awards are considered non-participating restrictive shares and are not dilutive under the two-class method until performance conditions are met.

The ~~earnings per share~~earnings-per-share impact of the Company’s 3% Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.0001 par value (“Series A Shares”), issued in connection with the May 2, 2016 acquisition of PEG Bandwidth, LLC, is calculated using the net share settlement method, whereby the redemption value of the instrument is assumed to be settled in cash and only the conversion premium, if any, is assumed to be settled in shares. The Series A Shares provide Uniti the option to ~~cash or share~~ settle the instrument in cash or shares, and it is our policy to settle the instrument in cash upon conversion.

The ~~Hunt~~July 3, 2017 merger agreement for our acquisition of Hunt provides for the issuance of additional common shares upon the achievement of certain defined revenue milestones. See Note 37. The earnings per share impact of the Hunt Contingent Consideration is calculated under the method described in ASC 260 for the treatment of contingently issuable shares in weighted-average shares outstanding.On January 4, 2019, we settled the Hunt Contingent Consideration in full satisfaction of the obligation through the issuance of 645,385 common shares having a fair value of $11.2 million.

The following sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share under the two-class method:

~~The following sets forth~~For the three months ended March 31, 2019, 261,543 non-participating securities were excluded from the computation of ~~basic and~~ diluted earnings per share, ~~under~~as the ~~two-class method:~~

performance conditions were not met. For the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017, 29,481~~March 31, 2018, 405,063 non-participating securities were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share, as their effect would have been anti-dilutive. ~~For the three months ended September 30, 2016, 149,087 non-participating securities were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share, as their effect would have been anti-dilutive.~~

~~Effective in the first quarter of 2017, our~~Our management, including our chief executive officer, who is our chief operating decision maker, ~~commenced managing~~manages our operations as four reportable segments in addition to our corporate operations, ~~and~~which include:

Leasing: Represents ~~our REIT operations and includes~~ the results from our leasing programs, Uniti Leasing, which is engaged in the acquisition of mission-critical communications assets and leasing them back to anchor customers on either an exclusive or shared-tenant basis.

Fiber Infrastructure: Represents the operations of our fiber business, Uniti Fiber, which is a leading provider of infrastructure solutions, including cell site backhaul and dark fiber, to the telecommunications industry.

Towers: Represents the operations of our towers business, Uniti Towers, through which we acquire and construct tower and tower-related real estate, which we then lease to our customers in the United States and Latin America.

Consumer CLEC: Represents the operations of Talk America Services (“Talk America”) through which we operate the Consumer CLEC Business, ~~that~~which prior to the Spin-Off was reported as an integrated operation within Windstream. Talk America provides local telephone, high-speed internet and long distance services to customers in the eastern and central United States.

Corporate: Represents our corporate and back office functions. Certain costs and expenses, primarily related to headcount, insurance, professional fees and similar charges, that are directly attributable to operations of our business segments are allocated to the respective segments.

Management evaluates the performance of each segment using Adjusted EBITDA, which is a segment performance measure ~~defined~~we define as net income determined in accordance with GAAP, before interest expense, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation expense, the impact, which may be recurring in nature, of transaction and integration related expenses, the write off of unamortized deferred financing costs, costs incurred as a result of the early repayment of debt, changes in the fair value of contingent consideration and financial instruments, and other similar items. The Company believes that net income, as defined by GAAP, is the most appropriate earnings metric; however, we believe that Adjusted EBITDA serves as a useful supplement to net income because it allows investors, analysts and management to evaluate the performance of our segments in a manner that is comparable period over period. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to net income as determined in accordance with GAAP.

~~The Company’s business segment information~~Selected financial data related to our segments is presented ~~below. Prior year information has been recast to conform to~~below for the ~~current year presentation.~~

⁽¹⁾~~Segment capital expenditures represents capital expenditures, the NMS asset acquisition~~three months ended March 31, 2019 and ~~ground lease investments as reported in the investing activities section of the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.~~

⁽¹⁾~~Segment capital expenditures represents capital expenditures and ground lease investments as reported in the investing activities section of the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.~~

⁽¹⁾Segment capital expenditures represents capital expenditures, the NMS asset acquisition and ground lease investments as reported in the investing activities section of the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016														Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
(Thousands)	Leasing		Fiber Infrastructure		Towers			Consumer CLEC		Corporate			Subtotal of Reportable Segments		Leasing		Fiber Infrastructure		Towers		Consumer CLEC		Corporate			Subtotal of Reportable Segments
Revenues	$	506,945		38,995		271			17,277	$	-		$	563,488	$	176,083	$	76,833	$	5,080	$	3,035	$	-		$	261,031

Adjusted EBITDA	$	505,912	$	14,773	$	(857	)	$	3,875	$	(10,678	)	$	513,025	$	174,751	$	30,000	$	325	$	646	$	(5,447	)	$	200,275
Less:
Interest expense														204,607													84,458
Depreciation and amortization		257,059		15,448		216			2,443		282			275,448		73,754		28,258		1,414		346		55			103,827
Other expense														-
Other income																											(3,113	)
Transaction related costs														24,435													6,669
Stock-based compensation														3,478													1,888
Income tax expense														899													4,054
Net income													$	4,158												$	2,492

Capital expenditures⁽¹⁾	$	-	$	10,278	$	8,771		$	-	$	155		$	19,204

~~Total assets by business segment as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are as follows:~~

In the ordinary course of our business, we are subject to claims and administrative proceedings, none of which we believe are material or would be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows or results of operations.

Pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement entered into with Windstream in connection with the Spin-Off, Windstream has agreed to indemnify us (including our subsidiaries, directors, officers, employees and agents and certain other related parties) for any liability arising from or relating to legal proceedings involving Windstream's telecommunications business prior to the Spin-Off, and, pursuant to the Master Lease, Windstream has agreed to indemnify us for, among other things, any use, misuse, maintenance or repair by Windstream with respect to the Distribution Systems. Windstream is currently a party to various legal actions and administrative proceedings, including various claims arising in the ordinary course of its telecommunications business, which are subject to the indemnities provided to us by Windstream. If Windstream assumes the Separation and Distribution Agreement and/or the Master Lease in bankruptcy, it would be obligated to ~~us.~~honor all indemnification claims arising under such agreement. If the

Separation and Distribution Agreement and or the Master Lease are rejected in Windstream’s bankruptcy, any claims on the applicable indemnity would be treated as unsecured claims, and, if that were to occur, there can be no assurance we would receive any related indemnification payments from Windstream in connection with the applicable indemnity claims.

Under the terms of the ~~Tax Matters Agreement~~tax matters agreement entered into ~~with~~on April 24, 2015 by the Company, Windstream Services, LLC and Windstream (the “Tax Matters Agreement”), in connection with the Spin-Off, we are generally responsible for any taxes imposed on Windstream that arise from the failure of the Spin-Off and the debt exchanges to qualify as tax-free for U.S. federal income tax purposes, within the meaning of Section 355 and Section 368(a)(1)(D) of the ~~Internal Revenue~~ Code, as applicable, to the extent such failure to qualify is attributable to certain actions, events or transactions relating to our stock,

indebtedness, assets or business, or a breach of the relevant representations or any covenants made by us in the Tax Matters Agreement, the materials submitted to the IRS in connection with the request for the private letter ruling or the representations provided in connection with the tax opinion. We believe that the probability of us incurring obligations under the Tax Matters Agreement are remote; and therefore, we have recorded no such liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Changes in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income by component is as follows for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017:~~March 31, 2019 and 2018:

On April 2, 2019, the Company completed the sale of the Uniti Towers’ Latin American business to an entity controlled by Phoenix Towers International (“PTI”). At closing, PTI acquired approximately 500 towers located across Mexico, Colombia and Nicaragua. Total consideration was approximately $100 million.

Pursuant to SEC Regulation S-X Rule 3-10 “Financial statements of guarantors and issuers of guaranteed securities registered or being registered,” the Company historically has provided condensed consolidating financial information for CSL Capital and the Guarantors because the 2023 Notes and the guarantees thereof were previously registered with the SEC under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Effective as of May 9, 2017 (the effective date of the previously announced up-REIT Reorganization (~~see Note 8)),~~ ~~the 2023 Notes ceased to be an obligation of the Company, and the Company was no longer required to provide supplemental guarantor information related to the 2023 Notes.~~

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations describes the principal factors affecting the results of our operations, financial condition, and changes in financial condition for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2017.~~March 31, 2019. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the accompanying unaudited financial statements, and the notes thereto set forth in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2016,~~2018, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on ~~February 23, 2017.~~March 18, 2019.

Uniti Group Inc. (the “Company”, “Uniti”, “we”, “us” or “our”)~~, formerly known as Communications Sales & Leasing, Inc.,~~ is an independent, internally managed real estate investment trust (“REIT”) engaged in the acquisition and construction of mission critical infrastructure in the communications industry. We are principally focused on acquiring and constructing fiber optic broadband networks, wireless communications towers, copper and coaxial broadband networks and data ~~centers.~~centers.

On April 24, 2015, we were separated and spun-off (the “Spin-Off”) from Windstream Holdings, Inc. (“Windstream Holdings” and together with its subsidiaries, “Windstream”) pursuant to which Windstream contributed certain telecommunications network assets, including fiber and copper networks and other real estate (the “Distribution Systems”) and a small consumer competitive local exchange carrier (“CLEC”) business (the “Consumer CLEC Business”) to Uniti and Uniti issued common stock and indebtedness and paid cash obtained from borrowings under Uniti’s senior credit facilities to Windstream. In connection with the Spin-Off, we entered into a long-term exclusive triple-net lease (the “Master Lease”) with Windstream, pursuant to which a substantial portion of our real property is leased to Windstream and from which ~~substantially all~~a substantial portion of our leasing revenues are currently ~~derived.~~derived.

Uniti operates as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a REIT, the Company is generally not subject to U.S. federal income taxes on income generated by its REIT operations, which includes income derived from the Master Lease. We have elected to treat the subsidiaries through which we operate our fiber business, Uniti Fiber, and Talk America Services, LLC, which operates the Consumer CLEC Business (“Talk America”), as taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”). TRSs enable us to engage in activities that ~~do not~~ result in income that ~~would be~~does not constitute qualifying income for a REIT. Our TRSs are subject to U.S. federal, state and local corporate income ~~taxes.~~taxes.

The Company operates through a customary up-REIT structure, pursuant to which we hold substantially all of our assets through a partnership, Uniti Group LP, a Delaware limited partnership (the “Operating Partnership”), that we control as general partner. This structure is intended to facilitate future acquisition opportunities by providing the Company with the ability to use common units of the Operating Partnership as a tax-efficient acquisition currency. As of ~~the date of this report,~~March 31, 2019, we are the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership and own approximately 97.7% of the partnership interests in the Operating ~~Partnership.~~Partnership.

We expect to grow and diversify our portfolio and tenant base by pursuing a range of transaction structures with communication service providers, including, (i) sale leaseback transactions, whereby we acquire existing infrastructure assets from third parties, including communication service providers, and lease them back on a long-term ~~triple net~~triple-net basis; (ii) whole company acquisitions, which may include the use of one or more TRSs that are permitted under the tax laws to acquire and operate non-REIT ~~operating~~ businesses and assets subject to certain limitations; (iii) capital investment financing, whereby we offer communication service providers a cost efficient method of raising funds for discrete capital investments to upgrade or expand their network; and (iv) mergers and acquisitions financing, whereby we facilitate mergers and acquisition transactions as a capital ~~partner.~~partner, including through operating company/property company (“OpCo-PropCo”) structures.

We manage our operations as four reportable business segments in addition to our corporate operations:

Leasing Segment: Represents our REIT operations and includes the results from our leasing ~~programs,~~business, Uniti Leasing, which is engaged in the acquisition of mission-critical communications assets and leasing them ~~back~~ to anchor customers on either an exclusive or shared-tenant ~~basis.~~basis.

Fiber Infrastructure Segment: Represents the operations of our fiber business, Uniti Fiber, which is a leading provider of infrastructure solutions, including cell site backhaul and dark fiber, to the telecommunications ~~industry.~~industry.

Towers Segment: Represents the operations of our towers business, Uniti Towers, through which we acquire and construct tower and tower-related real estate ~~in the United States~~ and ~~Latin America.~~lease space on communications towers to wireless service providers and other tenants. Uniti Towers is a component of our REIT operations.

Consumer CLEC Segment: Represents the operations of Talk America through which we operate the Consumer CLEC Business that prior to the Spin-Off was reported as an integrated operation within Windstream. Talk America provides local telephone, high-speed internet and long distance services to customers in the eastern and central United ~~States.~~States.

Corporate Operations: Represents our corporate office and ~~back office~~shared service functions. Certain costs and expenses, primarily related to headcount, information technology systems, insurance, professional fees and similar charges, that are directly attributable to operations of our business segments are allocated to the respective ~~segments.~~segments.

We evaluate the performance of each segment based on Adjusted EBITDA, which is a segment performance measure ~~defined~~we define as net income determined in accordance with GAAP, before interest expense, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation expense, the impact, which may be recurring in nature, of transaction and integration related expenses, the write off of unamortized deferred financing costs, costs incurred as a result of the early repayment of debt, changes in the fair value of contingent consideration and financial instruments, and other similar ~~items.~~items. For more information on Adjusted EBITDA, see “Non-GAAP Financial Measures.” Detailed information about our segments can be found in Note 13 to our condensed consolidated financial statements contained in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Windstream Bankruptcy Filing.Windstream was involved in litigation with an entity who acquired certain Windstream debt securities and thereafter issued a notice of default as to such securities relating to the Spin-Off. Windstream challenged the matter in federal court and a trial was held in July 2018. On February 15, 2019, the federal court judge issued a ruling against Windstream, finding that Windstream’s attempts to waive such default were not valid; that an “event of default” occurred with respect to such debt securities; and that the holder’s acceleration of such debt in December 2017 was effective.

Following the adverse outcome, on February 25, 2019, Windstream filed voluntary petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York.

In bankruptcy, Windstream has the option to assume or reject the Master Lease. Because the Master Lease is a single indivisible Master Lease with a single rent payment, it must be assumed or rejected in whole and cannot be sub-divided by facility or market. A significant amount of Windstream’s revenue is generated from the use of our network included in the Master Lease, and we believe that the Master Lease is essential to Windstream’s operations. Furthermore, Windstream is designated as a “carrier of last resort” in certain markets where it utilizes the Master Lease to provide service to its customers, and Windstream would require approval from the Public Utility Commissions and the Federal Communications Commission to cease providing service in those markets. As a result, we believe the probability of Windstream rejecting the Master Lease in bankruptcy to be remote. However, a rejection of the Master Lease, or even a temporary disruption in payments to us may require us to fund certain expenses and obligations (e.g., real estate taxes, insurance and maintenance expenses) to preserve the value of our properties and could impact our ability to fund other cash obligations, including dividends necessary to maintain REIT status, non-essential capital expenditures and, in an extreme case, our debt service obligations. A rejection by Windstream of the Master Lease or its inability or unwillingness to meet its rent and other obligations under the Master Lease could materially adversely affect our consolidated results of operations, liquidity, and financial condition, including our ability to service debt, comply with debt covenants and pay dividends to our stockholders as required to maintain our status as a REIT.

In addition, a rejection of the Master Lease by Windstream would result in an “event of default” under our Credit Agreement if we are unable to enter into a replacement lease that satisfies certain criteria set forth in the Credit Agreement within ninety (90) calendar days and we do not maintain pro forma compliance with a consolidated secured leverage ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement, of 5.00 to 1.00.

The Master Lease contains no provision that contemplates renegotiation of the lease and the bankruptcy court has no ability to unilaterally reset the rent or terms of the lease. In addition, our Credit Agreement prohibits the Company from amending the Master Lease in a manner that, among other provisions, pro forma for any such amendment, would result in our consolidated secured leverage ratio to exceed 5.0 to 1.0, and management has no intention to enter into a lease amendment that would violate our debt covenants. However, it is difficult to predict what could occur in Windstream’s bankruptcy restructuring, including potential claims against us by Windstream or its creditors.

See in Part I, Item 1A "Risk Factors" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 for additional information concerning the impact Windstream’s bankruptcy may have on our operations and financial condition.

~~Acquisition~~Going Concern. There are conditions and events which raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, and in its opinion on our December 31, 2018 financial statements, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, expressed substantial doubt as to whether we could continue as a going concern during the one year period following the date the financial statements were issued as a result of ~~Southern Light, LLC.~~Windstream’s bankruptcy petition and its potential uncertain effects on the Master Lease. Our financial statements do not include any adjustments that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty. We expect Windstream will continue to perform on the Master Lease and believe it is unlikely that Windstream will reject the Master Lease because the Master Lease is central to Windstream’s operations. We have reduced our dividend and may reduce our capital expenditures, as well as seek external funding in order to sustain our operations. The failure to provide 2018 audited financial statements without a going concern opinion to the lenders under our Credit Agreement by March 31, 2019 would have constituted a breach of the covenants and an immediate event of default under our Credit Agreement, unless waived by our lenders. If an event of default were to have occurred under our Credit Agreement, the Credit Agreement’s administrative agent could have declared all outstanding loans immediately due and payable. Such an acceleration would have triggered cross-default provisions within the indentures governing our senior notes and thereby would have entitled the trustee and noteholders to accelerate the repayment of the senior notes.

On ~~July 3, 2017,~~March 18, 2019, we ~~completed~~received a limited waiver from our lenders under our Credit Agreement, waiving an event of default related solely to the ~~previously announced acquisition~~receipt of ~~Southern Light, LLC (“Southern Light”~~a going concern opinion from our auditors for our 2018 audited financial statements. The limited waiver was issued in connection with the fourth amendment (the “Amendment”)~~. We acquired~~ to our Credit Agreement. During the pendency of Windstream’s bankruptcy, or at such earlier time when certain other conditions are specified, the Amendment generally limits our ability under the Credit Agreement to (i) prepay unsecured indebtedness and (ii) pay cash dividends in excess of 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding any net capital gains. The Amendment also increases the interest rate on our Term Loan Facility, which will now bear a rate of LIBOR, subject to a 1.0% floor, plus an applicable margin equal to 5.0%, a 200 basis point increase over our previous rate. This increase will be in effect though the remaining term of the facility, which matures on October 24, 2022.

Our Revolving Credit Facility matures on April 24, 2020, and we have begun evaluating potential refinancing options. However, there can be no assurances that any debt refinancing would be on similar or more favorable terms than our existing arrangements. This would include the risk that interest rates could increase and/or there may be changes to our existing covenants and/or available borrowings. If we are unsuccessful in refinancing the Revolving Credit Facility on terms acceptable to the Company, there could be a material adverse impact on our consolidated results of operations, financial condition and/or liquidity. If we are not successful in extending or refinancing the Revolving Credit Facility, our current cash balances as of March 31, 2019 are not sufficient to repay all of ~~the~~ outstanding ~~membership interests of Southern Light for approximately $638 million in cash, including the payoff of existing indebtedness and unpaid transaction expenses, and~~borrowings. Therefore, substantial doubt exists about our ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the issuance of ~~2.5 million common units in~~ the financial statements.

Sale of Latin American Tower Portfolio. On April 2, 2019, the Company completed the sale of the Uniti Towers’ Latin American business to an entity controlled by Phoenix Towers International (“PTI”). At closing, PTI acquired approximately 500 towers located across Mexico, Colombia and Nicaragua. Total consideration was approximately $100 million.

Bluebird Network, LLC Operating ~~Partnership~~Company – Property Company Transaction. On January 15, 2019, the Company entered into an OpCo-PropCo transaction with ~~an acquisition date fair value~~Macquarie Infrastructure Partners (“MIP”) to acquire Bluebird Network, LLC (“Bluebird”). MIP operates within the Macquarie Infrastructure and Real Assets ("MIRA") division of ~~$64.3 million. Southern Light is a leading provider~~Macquarie Group. Bluebird’s network consists of data transport services along the Gulf Coast region serving twelve attractive Tier II and Tier III markets across Florida, Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi. Southern Light’s dense regional fiber network comprises nearly 540,000approximately 178,000 fiber strand miles ~~5,700 fiber route miles, and over 4,500 on-net locations.~~

~~Acquisition of Hunt Telecommunications, LLC.~~ On July 3, 2017, we completed the previously announced acquisition of Hunt Telecommunications, LLC (“Hunt”). The Company acquired all of the outstanding equity interests of Hunt for approximately $130 million in cash, including the payoff of existing indebtedness and unpaid transaction expenses, and approximately 1.6 million units in the ~~Operating Partnership with an acquisition date fair value~~Midwest across Missouri, Kansas, Illinois and Oklahoma. In the transaction, Uniti has agreed to purchase the Bluebird fiber network and MIP has agreed to purchase the Bluebird operations. In addition, Uniti has agreed to sell Uniti Fiber’s Midwest operations to MIP, while Uniti will retain its existing Midwest fiber network. Uniti is acquiring the fiber network of ~~$41.6 million.~~ ~~Additional contingent consideration~~Bluebird for $319 million, of ~~up to $17 million, with an acquisition date fair value of $16.4~~which $175 million will be ~~paid upon~~funded by Uniti in cash and $144 million from pre-paid rent to be received from MIP at closing. In connection with the ~~achievement~~sale of ~~certain defined financial revenue milestones.~~ ~~Hunt is a~~ ~~leading provider~~the Company’s Midwest operations, we will receive total upfront cash of ~~data transport~~approximately $37 million, including related pre-paid rent to ~~K-12 schools~~be received from MIP at closing. These transactions are subject to regulatory and ~~government agencies~~other closing conditions and are expected to close by the end of the third quarter of 2019. Concurrently with ~~a dense~~the closing of these transactions, Uniti will lease the Bluebird fiber network and its Midwest fiber network on a combined basis to MIP, under a long-term triple net lease, with initial annual cash rents of approximately $20.3 million. The lease will be reported within the results of our Leasing segment. The Midwest operations that will be sold to MIP are currently reported in ~~Louisiana.~~our Fiber Infrastructure segment.

Comparison of the three months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2019 and ~~2016~~2018

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, our results of operations expressed as dollars and as a percentage of total revenues:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019				2018
(Thousands)	Amount			% of Revenues	Amount			% of Revenues
Revenues:
Leasing	$	176,083		67.5%	$	172,774		70.0%
Fiber Infrastructure		76,833		29.4%		66,967		27.1%
Tower		5,080		1.9%		3,370		1.4%
Consumer CLEC		3,035		1.2%		3,804		1.5%
Total revenues		261,031		100.0%		246,915		100.0%
Costs and Expenses:
Interest expense		84,458		32.4%		77,607		31.4%
Depreciation and amortization		103,827		39.8%		114,721		46.5%
General and administrative expense		24,226		9.3%		22,520		9.1%
Operating expense		38,418		14.7%		29,904		12.1%
Transaction related costs		6,669		2.5%		5,913		2.4%
Other income		(3,113	)	1.2%)		(3,885	)	(1.6%)
Total costs and expenses		254,485		97.5%		246,780		99.9%
Income before income taxes		6,546		2.5%		135		0.1%
Income tax expense (benefit)		4,054		1.6%		(1,096	)	(0.4%)
Net income		2,492		0.9%		1,231		0.5%
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		50		0.0%		21		0.0%
Net income attributable to shareholders		2,442		0.9%		1,210		0.5%
Participating securities' share in earnings		(28	)	(0.0%)		(679	)	(0.3%)
Dividends declared on convertible preferred stock		(656	)	(0.2%)		(656	)	(0.3%)
Amortization of discount on convertible preferred stock		(745	)	(0.3%)		(745	)	(0.3%)
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders	$	1,013		0.4%	$	(870	)	(0.4%)

The following tables set forth, for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, revenues, Adjusted EBITDA and net income of our reportable segments:

Three Months Ended September 30,

2017

2016

(Thousands)

Amount

% of Revenues

Amount

% of Revenues

Revenues:

Leasing

$
171,673

70.0%

$
169,366

84.6%

Fiber Infrastructure

66,363

27.1%

25,219

12.6%

Tower

2,796

1.1%

159

0.1%

Consumer CLEC

4,378

1.8%

5,496

2.7%

Total revenues

245,210

100.0%

200,240

100.0%

Costs and Expenses:

Interest expense

78,784

32.1%

70,522

35.2%

Depreciation and amortization

113,444

46.3%

96,723

48.3%

General and administrative expense

22,068

9.0%

10,191

5.1%

Operating expense

30,172

12.3%

15,704

7.8%

Transaction related costs

8,512

3.5%

9,315

4.7%

Other (income) expense

(3,933
)

(1.6%)

-

-

Total costs and expenses

249,047

101.6%

202,455

101.1%

Loss before income taxes

(3,837
)

(1.6%)

(2,215
)

(1.1%)

Income tax (benefit) expense

(8,672
)

(3.5%)

128

0.1%

Net income (loss)

4,835

2.0%

(2,343
)

(1.2%)

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

107

0.0%

-

-

Net income (loss) attributable to shareholders

4,728

1.9%

(2,343
)

(1.2%)

Participating securities' share in earnings

(388
)

(0.2%)

(407
)

(0.2%)

Dividends declared on convertible preferred stock

(656
)

(0.3%)

(649
)

(0.3%)

Amortization of discount on convertible preferred stock

(745
)

(0.3%)

(745
)

(0.4%)

Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders

$
2,939

1.2%

$
(4,144
)

(2.1%)

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
(Thousands)	Leasing		Fiber Infrastructure		Towers			Consumer CLEC		Corporate			Subtotal of Reportable Segments
Revenues	$	172,774	$	66,967	$	3,370			3,804	$	-		$	246,915

Adjusted EBITDA	$	172,369	$	29,195	$	(463	)	$	913	$	(5,313	)	$	196,701
Less:
Interest expense														77,607
Depreciation and amortization		86,744		25,905		1,477			498		97			114,721
Other income														(3,885	)
Transaction related costs														5,913
Stock-based compensation														2,210
Income tax benefit														(1,096	)
Net income													$	1,231

Leasing - Leasing revenues are primarily attributable to rental revenue from leasing our Distribution Systems to Windstream Holdings pursuant to the Master Lease. Under the Master Lease, Windstream Holdings is responsible for the costs related to operating the Distribution Systems, including property taxes, insurance, and maintenance and repair costs. As a result, we do not record an obligation related to the payment of property taxes, as Windstream makes direct payments to the taxing authorities. The Master Lease has an initial term of 15 years with four 5-year renewal options and encompasses properties located in 29 states. Cash rent under the Master Lease is currently $657 million and is subject to an annual escalation of 0.5% each May through the initial term.

We adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, Leases (“ASC 842”) as of January 1, 2019. This standard supersedes prior guidance regarding the evaluation of collectability of lease receivables, including straight-line revenue receivables. We have evaluated the collectability of our straight-line revenue receivable associated with the Master Lease in accordance with ASC 842, and in light of Windstream’s pending bankruptcy, we concluded that the receivable should be written-off. As a result, effective January 1, 2019, the Master Lease will be accounted for on a cash basis in accordance with ASC 842, until a time at which there is more certainty regarding Windstream’s decision to assume or reject the Master Lease.

The Master Lease provides that tenant funded capital improvements (“TCIs”), defined as maintenance, repair, overbuild, upgrade or replacement to the Distribution Systems, including without limitation, the replacement of copper distribution systems with fiber distribution systems, automatically become property of Uniti upon their construction by Windstream. We receive non-monetary consideration related to TCIs as they automatically become our property, ~~thus~~and we recognize the cost basis of TCIs that are capital in nature as real estate investments and deferred revenue. We depreciate the real estate investments over their estimated useful lives and amortize the deferred revenue as additional leasing revenues over the same depreciable life of the TCI assets.

For the three months ended ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2019, we recognized ~~$171.7~~$170.8 million of revenue from rents under the Master Lease, which included ~~$4.3 million of straight-line revenues and $4.0~~$6.7 million of TCI revenue. For the three months ended ~~September 30, 2016,~~March 31, 2018, we recognized ~~$169.4~~$172.8 million of revenues from the Master Lease, which included $4.3 million of straight-line rent revenue, and ~~$1.7~~$5.1 million of TCI revenue. The increase in TCI revenue is attributable to ~~increased~~continued investment by Windstream in TCIs. Windstream invested ~~$52.5~~$29.7 million in TCIs during the three months ended ~~September 30, 2017, an increase~~March 31, 2019, a decrease from ~~$41.6~~$47.4 million it invested in TCIs during the three months ended ~~September 30, 2016.~~March 31, 2018. Since the inception of the Master Lease, Windstream has invested a total of ~~$391.9~~$636.8 million in such improvements.

Because a substantial portion of our revenue isand cash flows are derived from lease payments by Windstream pursuant to the Master Lease, there could be a material adverse impact on our consolidated results of operations, liquidity, financial condition and/or ~~financial condition~~ability to pay dividends to our stockholders as required to maintain our status as a REIT and service debt if Windstream were to reject the Master Lease in bankruptcy, default under the Master Lease or otherwise ~~experience~~experiences operating or liquidity difficulties and becomes unable to generate sufficient cash to make payments to us. In recent years, Windstream has experienced annual declines in its total revenue, sales and sales. On September 22, 2017, Windstream Services, LLC (“Windstream Services”), Windstream’s primary operating subsidiary, received a purported notice of default dated September 21, 2017 from a large purported holder of Windstream Services’ 6 3/8% Senior Notes due 2023 (the “Windstream Notes”). The notice alleged, among other things, that Windstream Services violated certain restrictive covenantscash flow, has had its credit ratings downgraded by nationally recognized credit rating agencies multiple times over the past 12 months and, on February 25, 2019, filed voluntary petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the ~~indenture governing~~Bankruptcy Code in the ~~Windstream Notes~~U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York. See Part I, Item 1A "Risk Factors" in connection with Windstream’s Spin-Off of Uniti Group. Windstream is challenging the alleged default in federal court and recently launched an exchange offer and consent solicitation to obtain a waiver of the allegedour Annual Report on Form 10-K for

~~default from holders representing~~the year ended December 31, 2018 for additional information concerning the impact Windstream’s bankruptcy may have on our operations and financial condition.

Windstream is a majority of the aggregate principal amount of the Windstream Notes. If the alleged defaults claimed by the noteholder are not waived, the noteholder or the Windstream Notes’ trustee may allege that an “event of default” has occurred under the Windstream Notes’ indenture. An actual “event of default” would permit the Windstream Notes’ trustee or holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of outstanding of the Windstream Notes to declare the principal amount of all outstanding Windstream Notes to be immediately duepublicly traded company and payable. Such an outcome would trigger cross-default provisions in Windstream’s other debt instruments, including Windstream Services existing credit facility, which, in turn, would trigger a default under the Master Lease. In addition, Windstream Services’ ability to pay dividends to Windstream Holdings under the terms of its indentures is subject to ~~certain conditions, including~~ the ~~absence~~periodic filing requirements of ~~a default or event~~the Securities Exchange Act of ~~default,~~1934, as amended. Windstream filings can be found at www.sec.gov. Windstream filings are not incorporated by reference in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

For the three months ended March 31, 2019, we recognized $5.2 million of leasing revenues from non-Windstream triple-net leasing and ~~any actual default or event~~dark fiber indefeasible rights of ~~default could prevent Windstream Services from providing sufficient funding to Windstream Holdings to make payments on~~use (“IRU”) arrangements. No such revenues were recognized for the Master Lease. Accordingly, we monitor the credit quality of Windstream through numerous methods, including by (i) reviewing the credit ratings of Windstream by nationally recognized credit rating agencies, (ii) reviewing the financial statements of Windstream that are publicly available and that are required to be delivered to us pursuant to the Master Lease, (iii) monitoring news reports regarding Windstream and its businesses, (iv) conducting research to ascertain industry trends potentially affecting Windstream, and (v) monitoring the timeliness of its lease payments.

In addition to periodic financial statements, Windstream is obligated under the Master Lease to provide us (i) a detailed consolidated budget on an annual basis and any significant revisions approved by Windstream’s board of directors, (ii) prompt notice of any adverse action or investigation by a governmental authority relating to Windstream’s licenses affecting the leased property, and (iii) any information we require to comply with our reporting and filing obligations with the SEC. Furthermore, pursuant to the Master Lease, we may inspect the properties leased to Windstream upon reasonable advance notice, and, no more than twice per year, we may require Windstream to deliver an officer’s certificate certifying, among other things, its material compliance with the covenants under the Master Lease, the amount of rent and additional charges payable thereunder, the dates the same were paid, and any other questions or statements of fact we reasonably request.three months ended March 31, 2018.

Fiber Infrastructure – For the three months ended ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2019 and 2018, we recognized ~~$66.4~~$76.8 million and $67.0 million of revenue, respectively, in our Fiber Infrastructure segment. Fiber Infrastructure revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 consisted of the following:

At March 31, 2019, we had approximately ~~54%~~18,850 customer connections, up from 17,165 customer connections at March 31, 2018.

Towers – Towers revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 consisted of ~~which was derived~~the following:

The increase in revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2018, is primarily driven by our development activities in the United States. During 2019 we completed the construction of 72 towers in the U.S. At March 31, 2019, the Uniti Towers’ domestic portfolio consisted of 504 wireless communications towers located in 28 states across the eastern and central regions in the United States, an increase from ~~lit backhaul services, approximately 10% from construction revenue and approximately 29% from other service revenue.~~253 wireless communications towers at March 31, 2018.

Consumer CLEC – For the three months ended ~~September 30, 2016,~~March 31, 2019, we recognized ~~$25.2 million of revenue, approximately 75% of which was derived from lit backhaul services.~~ ~~The increase is primarily driven by the timing of the acquisition of Tower Cloud which took place on August 31, 2016, and the acquisitions of Southern Light and Hunt which took place on July 3, 2017.~~ At September 30, 2017, we had approximately 16,324 customer connections, up from 5,400 customer connections at September 30, 2016. The increase is primarily attributable to the Southern Light and Hunt acquisitions.

~~Towers~~ - For the three months ended September 30, 2017, we recognized $2.8 million of revenue, of which $2.3 million relates to our Latin American operations, primarily driven by revenues associated with our January 2017 acquisition of Network Management Holdings LTD (“NMS”).

~~Consumer CLEC~~ ~~- For the three months ended September 30, 2017, we recognized $4.4~~$3.0 million of revenue from the Consumer CLEC Business, compared to ~~$5.5~~$3.8 million for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2016.~~March 31, 2018. The decrease is primarily attributable to a loss of customers during the period. We served 21,555 customers as of March 31, 2019, a 19.4% decrease from 26,750 customers served at March 31, 2018. The decrease in customers is due to the effects of competition and customer ~~attrition, as we served 31,590 customers as of September 30, 2017, an 18.11% decrease from 38,574 customers served at September 30, 2016.~~attrition.

Interest expense for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2019 totaled ~~$78.8~~$84.5 million, which includes non-cash interest expense of ~~$6.1~~$6.9 million resulting from the amortization of our debt discounts and debt issuance ~~costs.~~costs, partially offset by $1.3 million of capitalized interest. Interest expense for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2016~~March 31, 2018 totaled ~~$70.5~~$77.6 million, which includes non-cash interest expense of ~~$4.0~~$6.0 million resulting from the amortization of our debt discounts and debt issuance ~~costs. The increase is primarily related to interest expense on the add-on Secured Notes and the 2024 Notes of $10.7 million, which were not incurred in the prior year. This increase was~~costs, partially offset by ~~approximately $5.3~~$1.4 million of interest savings related to the repricing of $2.1 billion of term loans outstanding under our senior secured credit agreement. Effective February 9, 2017, interest on the term loans was LIBOR plus 3.00% per annum (with a minimum LIBOR rate of 1.0%), compared to LIBOR plus 4.0% per annum (with a minimum LIBOR rate of 1.0%) for the three months ended September 30, 2016.

We incur depreciation and amortization expense related to our property, plant and equipment, corporate assets and intangible assets. Charges for depreciation and amortization for the three months ended September 30, 2017 totaled $113.4 million, which included property, plant and equipment depreciation of $107.0 million, corporate asset depreciation of $0.1 million and intangible asset amortization of $6.3 million. Charges for depreciation and amortization for the three months ended September 30, 2016 totaled $96.7 million, which included property, plant and equipment depreciation of $94.8 million, corporate asset depreciation of $0.2 million andcapitalized interest.

~~intangible asset amortization of $1.7 million.~~ ~~The increase is primarily driven by the timing of the acquisitions of Tower Cloud, Southern Light and Hunt.~~

General and administrative expenses include compensation costs (including stock-based compensation awards), professional and legal services, corporate office costs and other costs associated with administrative activities. For the three months ended September 30, 2017, general and administrative costs totaled $22.1 million (9.0% of revenue), which includes $2.0 million of stock-based compensation expense. For the three months ended September 30, 2016, general and administrative costs totaled $10.2 million (5.1% of revenue), which includes $1.3 million of stock-based compensation expense. ~~The increase is primarily driven by the timing of the acquisitions of Tower Cloud, Southern Light and Hunt.~~ ~~Fiber Infrastructure general and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, totaled $10.0 million and $4.8 million, respectively.~~

Operating expense for the three months ended September 30, 2017, totaled $30.2 million (12.3% of revenue), and consisted of $3.4 million (1.4% of revenue) of expense related to the operation of the Consumer CLEC Business, $25.4 million (10.4% of revenue) of expense related to Fiber Infrastructure operations and $1.4 million (0.5% of revenue) of expense related to Towers operations. For the three months ended September 30, 2016, operating expenses totaled $15.7 million (7.8% of revenue), which related to the operation of the Consumer CLEC Business ($4.3 million) and Fiber Infrastructure operations ($11.4 million).

~~The increase to Fiber Infrastructure operating expense is primarily driven by the timing of the acquisitions of Tower Cloud, Southern Light and Hunt.~~ For the three months ended September 30, 2017, Fiber Infrastructure operating expenses included $5.8 million of construction related expenses, $3.7 million of payroll related expense, $3.0 million of tower rent, $6.0 million of lit service expense and $1.7 million of dark fiber rent. For the three months ended September 30, 2016, Fiber Infrastructure operating expenses included $2.0 million of payroll related expense, $2.5 million of tower rent and $1.6 million of lit service expense.

Expense associated with the Consumer CLEC Business is primarily attributable to the Wholesale Agreement and the Master Services Agreement entered between us and Windstream in connection with the Spin-Off, and also included costs arising under the interconnection agreements with other telecommunication carriers. Expense associated with the Wholesale Agreement and Master Services Agreement for the three months ended September 30, 2017 totaled $2.5 million (1.0% of revenue) and $0.3 million (0.1% of revenue), respectively, and expense associated with the Wholesale Agreement and the Master Services Agreement for the three months ended September 30, 2016 totaled $3.1 million (1.5% of revenue) and $0.4 million (0.2% of revenue), respectively.

We recognized $3.9 million of non-cash income due to an unrealized gain for mark-to-market adjustments on our contingent consideration arrangements, which was recorded in Other (income) expense for the three months ended September 30, 2017.

We recorded an $8.7 million benefit in income tax benefit for the three months ended September 30, 2017, primarily as a result of a $8.0 million income tax benefit we recorded related to the release of a valuation allowance due to the closing of the Southern Light transaction. The Southern Light transaction resulted in a deferred tax liability, and this future reversal of taxable temporary differences supports the realization of deferred tax assets which previously had a valuation allowance.

~~The following tables set forth, for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, revenues and Adjusted EBITDA of our reportable segments:~~

Beginning in the first quarter of 2017, the Company manages and reports our operations in four reportable segments: Leasing, Fiber Infrastructure, Towers, and Consumer CLEC. Prior period data has been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

~~The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, our results of operations expressed as dollars and as a percentage of total revenues:~~

Nine Months Ended September 30,

2017

2016

(Thousands)

Amount

% of Revenues

Amount

% of Revenues

Revenues:

Leasing

$
512,893

76.6%

$
506,945

90.0%

Fiber Infrastructure

136,158

20.3%

38,995

6.9%

Tower

6,679

1.0%

271

0.0%

Consumer CLEC

13,966

2.1%

17,277

3.1%

Total revenues

669,696

100.0%

563,488

100.0%

Costs and Expenses:

Interest expense

227,235

33.9%

204,607

36.3%

Depreciation and amortization

317,404

47.4%

275,448

48.9%

General and administrative expense

49,549

7.4%

23,619

4.2%

Operating expense

74,258

11.1%

30,322

5.4%

Transaction related costs

32,213

4.8%

24,435

4.3%

Other expense

9,638

1.4%

-

-

Total costs and expenses

710,297

106.1%

558,431

99.1%

(Loss) income before income taxes

(40,601
)

(6.1%)

5,057

0.9%

Income tax (benefit) expense

(8,976
)

(1.3%)

899

0.2%

Net (loss) income

(31,625
)

(4.7%)

4,158

0.7%

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

107

0.0%

-

-

Net income (loss) attributable to shareholders

(31,732
)

(4.7%)

4,158

0.7%

Participating securities' share in earnings

(1,156
)

(0.2%)

(1,164
)

(0.2%)

Dividends declared on convertible preferred stock

(1,968
)

(0.3%)

(1,087
)

(0.2%)

Amortization of discount on convertible preferred stock

(2,235
)

(0.3%)

(1,241
)

(0.2%)

Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders

$
(37,091
)

(5.5%)

$
666

0.1%

~~Leasing~~ – For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we recognized $512.9 million of revenue from rents under the Master Lease, which included $13.0 million of straight-line revenues and $9.8 million of TCI revenue. For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, we recognized $506.9 million of revenues from the Master Lease, which included $13.0 million of straight-line rent revenue, and $3.9 million of TCI revenue. The increase in TCI revenue is attributable to increased investment by Windstream in TCIs. Windstream invested $166.3 million in TCIs during the nine months ended September 30, 2017, an increase from $112.2 million it invested in TCIs during the nine months ended September 30, 2016. Since the inception of the Master Lease, Windstream has invested a total of $391.9 million in such improvements.

~~Fiber Infrastructure~~ – For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we recognized $136.2 million of revenue, approximately 62% of which was derived from lit backhaul services, approximately 13% from construction revenue and approximately 15% from other service revenue. For the nine months ended September 30, 2016 we recognized $39.0 million of revenue, approximately 78% of which was derived from lit backhaul services. ~~The revenue increase is primarily driven by the timing of the acquisitions of PEG, Tower Cloud, Southern Light and Hunt.~~ At September 30, 2017, we had approximately 16,324 customer connections, up from 5,400 customer connections at September 30, 2016. The increase is primarily attributable to the August 31, 2016 acquisition of Tower Cloud and the July 3, 2017 acquisitions of Southern Light and Hunt.

~~Towers~~ - For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we recognized $6.7 million of revenue, of which $5.4 million relates to our Latin American operations, primarily driven by revenues associated with our January 2017 acquisition of NMS.

~~Consumer CLEC~~ - For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we recognized $14.0 million of revenue from the Consumer CLEC Business, compared to $17.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The decrease is due to the effects of competition and customer attrition, as we served 31,590 customers as of September 30, 2017, a 18.11% decrease from 38,574 customers served at September 30, 2016.

~~Interest~~The increase is primarily related to an increase of interest expense ~~for~~incurred on the ~~nine months ended September 30, 2017, totaled $227.2~~Revolving Credit Facility of $4.8 million ~~which includes~~due to increased borrowings and higher LIBOR rates compared to the prior year. The increase is also attributed to an increase of interest expense of $1.1 million on the Term Loan Facility and an increase in non-cash interest expense ~~of $17.1 million resulting~~ from the amortization of our debt discounts and debt issuance ~~costs. Interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, totaled $204.6~~costs of $0.8 million, ~~which includes non-cash interest expense of $11.6 million resulting~~both as a result from the ~~amortization of~~fourth amendment to our debt discounts and debt issuance costs. The increase is primarily related to interest expense on the add-on Secured Notes and the 2024 Notes of $26.7 million, which were not incurred in the prior year. This increase was partially offset by approximately $13.5 million of interest savings related to the repricing of $2.1 billion of term loans outstanding under our senior secured credit agreement. Effective February 9, 2017, interest on the term loans was LIBOR plus 3.00% per annum (with a minimum LIBOR rate of 1.0%), compared to LIBOR plus 4.0% per annum (with a minimum LIBOR rate of 1.0%) for the nine months ended September 30, 2016.Credit Agreement dated March 18, 2019.

We incur depreciation and amortization expense related to our property, plant and equipment, corporate assets and intangible assets. Charges for depreciation and amortization for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2019 totaled ~~$317.4~~$103.8 million (39.8% of revenue), which included property, plant and equipment depreciation of ~~$305.5 million, corporate asset depreciation of $0.3~~$97.5 million and intangible asset amortization of ~~$11.6~~$6.3 million. Charges for depreciation and amortization for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2016~~March 31, 2018 totaled ~~$275.4~~$114.7 million (46.5% of revenue), which included property, plant and equipment depreciation of ~~$271.3 million, corporate asset depreciation of $0.4~~$108.2 million and intangible asset amortization of ~~$3.7~~$6.5 million.~~The increase is primarily driven by the timing of the acquisitions of PEG, Tower Cloud, Southern Light and Hunt.~~

General and administrative expenses include compensation costs, ~~(including~~including stock-based compensation ~~awards),~~awards, professional and legal services, corporate office costs and other costs associated with administrative activities. For the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2019, general and administrative costs totaled ~~$49.5~~$24.2 million ~~(7.4%~~(9.3% of revenue), ~~which includes $5.6~~compared to $22.5 million (9.1% of ~~stock-based compensation expense. For~~revenue) for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2016, general and administrative costs totaled $23.6 million (4.2% of revenue), which includes $3.5 million of stock-based compensation expense.~~ ~~The increase is primarily driven by the timing of the acquisitions of PEG and Tower Cloud, which closed on May 2, 2016 and August~~March 31, 2016, respectively, as well as the acquisition of Southern Light and Hunt that closed on July 3, 2017. Fiber Infrastructure general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, totaled $21.2 million and $7.7 million, respectively.2018.

Operating expense for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2019, totaled ~~$74.3~~$38.4 million ~~(11.1%~~(14.7% of revenue), compared to $29.9 million (12.1% of revenue) for the three months ended March 31, 2018. Operating expense for our reportable segments for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 consisted of ~~$10.5 million (1.6% of revenue) of expense related to~~ the ~~operation of the Consumer CLEC Business, $60.4 million (9.0% of revenue) of expense related to~~ following:

Fiber Infrastructure ~~operations and $3.4 million (0.5% of revenue) of expense related to Towers operations.~~ – For the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2016,~~March 31, 2019, Fiber Infrastructure operating expenses totaled ~~$30.3~~$33.0 million ~~(5.4%~~as compared to $25.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018. Operating expense consists of ~~revenue), which~~network related ~~to the operation of the Consumer CLEC Business ($13.4 million)~~costs, such as dark fiber and ~~Fiber Infrastructure operations ($16.9 million).~~

tower rents, and lit service and maintenance expense. In addition, costs associated with our construction activities are presented within operating expenses. The increase ~~to Fiber Infrastructure~~in operating ~~expense~~expenses is primarily ~~driven by~~attributable to the timing of the ~~acquisitions~~Information Transport Solutions, Inc. (“ITS”) acquisition that occurred on October 19, 2018.

Towers – Our Towers segment operating expense primarily consists of ~~PEG and Tower Cloud,~~ground rent, some or all of which ~~closed on May 2, 2016 and August 31, 2016, respectively,~~may be passed to our tenants, as well as ~~the acquisition of Southern Light~~regulatory fees and ~~Hunt that closed on July 3, 2017.~~ maintenance and repairs. For the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017, Fiber Infrastructure~~March 31, 2019, Towers operating ~~expenses~~expense included ~~$16.9~~$1.6 million of ~~construction related expenses, $11.3~~ground rent expense, compared to $1.1 million ~~of payroll related expense, $8.6 million of tower rent, $9.6 million of lit service expense, $7.3 million of maintenance expense and $5.3 million of dark fiber rent. For~~for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2016, Fiber Infrastructure operating expenses included $3.1 million of payroll related expense, $4.1 million of tower rent and $2.4 million of lit service expense.~~March 31, 2018. The change is attributable to an increase in completed towers at March 31, 2019 from March 31, 2018, driven by our development activity in the United States.

Consumer CLEC – Expense associated with the Consumer CLEC Business is primarily attributable to the Wholesale Agreement and the Master Services Agreement entered into between us and Windstream in connection with the Spin-Off, and ~~also included~~includes costs arising under the interconnection agreements with other telecommunication carriers. Expense associated with the Wholesale Agreement and Master Services Agreement for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2019 totaled ~~$7.8~~$1.7 million ~~(1.2%~~(0.7% of revenue) and ~~$1.1~~$0.2 million ~~(0.2%~~ (0.1%

of revenue), respectively, and expense associated with the Wholesale Agreement and the Master Services Agreement for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2016~~March 31, 2018 totaled ~~$9.6~~$2.1 million ~~(1.7%~~(0.9% of revenue) and ~~$1.3~~$0.2 million ~~(0.2%~~(0.1% of revenue), respectively.

~~Other expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, totaled $9.6~~We recognized in other income a $3.3 million ~~(1.4%~~(1.3% of revenue)~~, primarily as a result of a net~~ unrealized ~~loss of $9.1 million~~gain for mark-to-market adjustments on our contingent consideration ~~arrangements.~~arrangements for the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to a $3.9 million (1.6% of revenue) unrealized gain for mark-to-market adjustments on our contingent consideration arrangements for the three months ended March 31, 2018. The fair value of the contingent consideration arrangement connected to the July 3, 2017 acquisition of Hunt is determined using the closing price of our common shares in the active market, while the fair value of the contingent consideration arrangement in connection with the August 31, 2016 acquisition of Tower Cloud is determined using a discounted cash flow model and probability adjusted estimates of the future operational milestones. On January 4, 2019, we settled the Hunt Contingent Consideration in full satisfaction of the obligation through the issuance of 645,385 common shares having a fair value of $11.2 million.

We recorded a ~~$9.0~~$4.1 million income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2019. Included in income tax expense is approximately $6.1 million of income tax expense resulting from the undistributed REIT taxable income of which approximately $4.6 million of cash taxes related to the cancellation of debt income that was recognized for federal income tax purposes as a result of the fourth amendment to our Credit Agreement dated March 18, 2019. Additionally, we recorded a $2.1 million income tax benefit related to our Fiber Infrastructure segment. We recorded a $1.1 million benefit in income tax benefit for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2018, primarily ~~as a result of a $8.0 million~~driven by the income tax benefit we recorded ~~primarily related to the release of a valuation allowance due to the closing of the Southern Light transaction. The Southern Light transaction resulted~~ in ~~a deferred tax liability, and this future reversal of taxable temporary differences supports the realization of deferred tax assets which previously had a valuation allowance.~~

~~The following tables set forth, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, revenues and Adjusted EBITDA of~~ our ~~reportable segments:~~Fiber Infrastructure segment.

We refer to EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, Funds From Operations ("FFO") (as defined by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts ("NAREIT")) and Adjusted Funds From Operations ("AFFO") in our analysis of our results of operations, which are not required by, or presented in accordance with, accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP"). While we believe that net income, as defined by GAAP, is the most appropriate earnings measure, we also believe that EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, FFO and AFFO are important non-GAAP supplemental measures of operating performance for a REIT.

We define "EBITDA" as net income, as defined by GAAP, before interest expense, provision for income taxes and depreciation and amortization. We define "Adjusted EBITDA" as EBITDA before stock-based compensation expense and the impact, which may be recurring in nature, of transaction and integration related costs (collectively, "transaction related costs"), the write-off of unamortized deferred financing costs, costs incurred as a result of the early repayment of debt, changes in the fair value of contingent consideration and financial instruments, and other similar items (although we may not have had such charges in the periods presented). We believe EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are important supplemental measures to net income because they provide additional information to evaluate our operating performance on an unleveraged basis. Since EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not measures calculated in accordance with GAAP, they should not be considered as an alternative to net income determined in accordance with GAAP.

Because the historical cost accounting convention used for real estate assets requires the recognition of depreciation expense except on land, such accounting presentation implies that the value of real estate assets diminishes predictably over time. However, since real estate values have historically risen or fallen with market and other conditions, presentations of operating results for a REIT that uses historical cost accounting for depreciation could be less informative. Thus, NAREIT created FFO as a supplemental measure of operating performance for REITs that excludes historical cost depreciation and amortization, among other items, from net income, as defined by GAAP. FFO is defined by NAREIT as net income ~~applicable~~attributable to common shareholders computed in accordance with GAAP, excluding gains or losses from real estate dispositions, plus real estate depreciation and amortization and impairment charges. We compute FFO in accordance with NAREIT's definition.

We define AFFO as FFO excluding (i) transaction related costs; (ii) certain ~~noncash~~non-cash revenues and expenses such as stock-based compensation expense, amortization of debt and equity discounts, amortization of deferred financing costs, depreciation and amortization of non-real estate assets, straight-line revenues, non-cash income taxes, and the amortization of other non-cash revenues to the extent that cash has not been received, such as revenue associated with the amortization of ~~TCIs and~~TCIs; (iii) the impact, which may be recurring in nature, of the write-off of unamortized deferred financing fees, additional costs incurred as a result of the early repayment of debt, taxes associated with tax basis cancellation of debt, changes in the fair value of contingent consideration and financial instruments and similar items less maintenance capital expenditures. We believe that the use of FFO and AFFO, and their respective per share amounts, combined with the required GAAP presentations, improves the understanding of operating results of REITs among

investors and analysts, and makes comparisons of operating results among such companies more meaningful. We consider FFO and AFFO to be useful measures for reviewing comparative operating ~~and financial~~ performance. In particular, we believe AFFO, by excluding certain revenue and expense items, can help investors compare our operating performance between periods and to other REITs on a consistent basis without having to account for differences caused by unanticipated items and events, such as transaction related costs. ~~We use~~The Company uses FFO and AFFO, and their respective per share amounts, only as performance measures, and FFO and AFFO do not purport to be indicative of cash available to fund our future cash requirements. While FFO and AFFO are relevant and widely used measures of operating performance of REITs, they do not represent cash flows from operations or net income as defined by GAAP and should not be considered an alternative to those measures in evaluating our liquidity or operating performance.

Further, our computations of EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, FFO and AFFO may not be comparable to that reported by other REITs or companies that do not define FFO in accordance with the current NAREIT definition or that interpret the current NAREIT definition or define EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and AFFO differently than we do.

The reconciliation of our net income to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA and of our net income attributable to common shareholders to FFO and AFFO for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2019 and ~~2016~~2018 is as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,						Three Months Ended March 31,
(Thousands)	2017			2016			2017			2016			2019			2018
Net income (loss)	$	4,835		$	(2,343	)	$	(31,625	)	$	4,158
Net income													$	2,492		$	1,231
Depreciation and amortization		113,444			96,723			317,404			275,448			103,827			114,721
Interest expense		78,784			70,522			227,235			204,607			84,458			77,607
Income tax (benefit) expense		(8,672	)		128			(8,976	)		899
Income tax expense (benefit)														4,054			(1,096	)
EBITDA	$	188,391		$	165,030		$	504,038		$	485,112		$	194,831		$	192,463
Stock based compensation		1,968			1,331			5,621			3,478			1,888			2,210
Transaction related costs														6,669			5,913
Other (income) expense		(3,933	)		-			9,638			-			(3,113	)		(3,885	)
Transaction related costs		8,512			9,315			32,213			24,435
Adjusted EBITDA	$	194,938		$	175,676		$	551,510		$	513,025		$	200,275		$	196,701


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,						Three Months Ended March 31,
(Thousands)	2017			2016			2017			2016			2019			2018
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders	$	2,939		$	(4,144	)	$	(37,091	)	$	666		$	1,013		$	(870	)
Real estate depreciation and amortization		95,519			88,846			278,714			261,678			83,726			95,577
Participating securities share in earnings		388			407			1,156			1,164			28			679
Participating securities share in FFO		(388	)		(394	)		(1,156	)		(1,164	)		(28	)		(679	)
Adjustments for noncontrolling interests		(2,222	)		-			(2,222	)		-			(1,853	)		(2,205	)
FFO attributable to common shareholders	$	96,236		$	84,715		$	239,401		$	262,344		$	82,886		$	92,502
Transaction related costs		8,512			9,315			32,213			24,435			6,669			5,913
Change in fair value of contingent consideration		(3,933	)		-			9,091			-			(3,256	)		(3,864	)
Amortization of deferred financing costs		2,889			1,959			7,964			5,640
Amortization of debt discount		3,221			2,038			9,127			5,964
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discount														6,873			6,034
Stock based compensation		1,968			1,331			5,621			3,478			1,888			2,210
Non-real estate depreciation and amortization		17,925			7,877			38,690			13,770			20,101			19,144
Straight-line revenues		(3,609	)		(4,547	)		(10,857	)		(13,174	)		(723	)		(4,592	)
Maintenance capital expenditures		(1,476	)		(1,415	)		(3,454	)		(2,095	)		(2,803	)		(1,485	)
Amortization of discount on convertible preferred stock		745			745			2,235			1,241			745			745
Adjustment to deferred tax valuation allowance		(7,992	)		-			(7,992	)		-
Cash taxes on tax basis cancellation of debt														4,590			-
Other non-cash (revenue) expense, net		(3,509	)		(2,333	)		(9,304	)		(4,842	)		(9,682	)		(7,582	)
Adjustments for noncontrolling interests		(310	)		-			(310	)		-			(516	)		(353	)
AFFO attributable to common shareholders	$	110,667		$	99,685		$	312,425		$	296,761		$	106,772		$	108,672

We make certain judgments and use certain estimates and assumptions when applying accounting principles in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. The nature of the estimates and assumptions are material due to the levels of subjectivity and

judgment necessary to account for highly uncertain factors or the susceptibility of such factors to change. We have identified the accounting for income taxes, revenue recognition, useful lives of assets, the impairment of property, plant and equipment, goodwill impairment and business combinations as critical accounting estimates, as they are the most important to our financial statement presentation and require difficult, subjective and complex judgments.

We believe the current assumptions and other considerations used to estimate amounts reflected in our financial statements are appropriate. However, if actual experience differs from the assumptions and other considerations used in estimating amounts reflected in our consolidated financial statements, the resulting changes could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations and, in certain situations, could have a material adverse effect on our ~~consolidated~~ financial condition.

For further information on our critical accounting estimates, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the notes to our audited financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year

ended December 31, ~~2016,~~2018, filed with the SEC on ~~February 23, 2017.~~March 18, 2019. As of ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2019, there has been no material change to these estimates.

Our principal liquidity needs are to fund operating expenses, meet debt service requirements, fund investment activities, including capital expenditures, and make dividend distributions. Our primary sources of liquidity and capital resources are cash on hand, cash provided by operating activities (primarily arising under the Master Lease with Windstream), available borrowings under our credit agreement by and among the Operating ~~Partnership’s senior secured revolving credit facility that matures April 24, 2020~~Partnership, CSL Capital, LLC and Uniti Group Finance Inc., the guarantors and lenders party thereto and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent (the ~~“Revolving Credit Facility”~~“Credit Agreement”), and proceeds from the issuance of debt and equity securities.

As of ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2019, we had cash and cash equivalents of ~~$49.9 million and $590 million~~$104.7 million. There have been no material outlays of ~~undrawn borrowing capacity under the~~funds subsequent to March 31, 2019. Our Revolving Credit ~~Facility. On July 3, 2017,~~Facility is subject to various conditions, including a maximum secured leverage ratio of 5.0:1. In addition, if we ~~closed the previously announced acquisitions of Southern Light and Hunt, using approximately $768 million in cash, including the payoff of existing indebtedness and unpaid transaction expenses.~~incur debt under our Revolving Credit Facility or otherwise such that our total leverage ratio exceeds 6.5:1, our debt instruments would impose significant restrictions on our ability to pay dividends.

Cash provided by operating activities was ~~$337.8~~$188.6 million and ~~$300.5~~$156.9 million for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2019 and ~~2016,~~2018, respectively.Cash provided by operating activities is primarily attributable to our leasing activities.

Cash used in investing activities was ~~$957.2~~$83.7 million for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2019, which was driven by the acquisitions of Southern Light ($635.9 million), Hunt ($127.9 million), NMS assets ($68.6 million), ground lease investments ($13.9 million), partially offset by a Tower Cloud working capital adjustment ($0.2 million), and capital expenditures ($~~111.1~~79.5 million), primarily related to our Uniti Fiber and Uniti Towers businesses. Cash used in investing activities was ~~$508.7~~$52.1 million for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2016,~~March 31, 2018, which was driven by ~~the acquisition of PEG ($316.1 million), the acquisition of Tower Cloud ($173.4 million) and~~ capital expenditures ($~~19.2~~51.1 million)., primarily related to our Uniti Fiber and Uniti Towers businesses. The increase in capital expenditures is due to network deployments related to our Uniti Fiber and Uniti Towers businesses.

~~As of September 30, 2017,~~ ~~under the terms of the purchase agreement with NMS,~~ ~~we have acquired 43 of the 105 towers, which were under development at the time of the NMS acquisition, for approximately $4.1 million.~~

Cash ~~provided by~~used in financing activities was ~~$497.2~~$33.6 million for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2017,~~March 31, 2019, which primarily represents the net proceeds from the sale of common stock through a public offering ($498.9 million) and proceeds from the 2024 Notes issued in May 2017 ($201.0 million), which were used to fund the acquisitions of Southern Light and Hunt, and net borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility ($160.0 million), partially offset by dividend payments ($~~294.3~~110.3 million), ~~deferred~~payments for financing costs ~~related to the term loan repricing and 2024 Notes issued in May 2017~~ ($~~28.5~~36.2 million), contingent consideration payments ($~~19.9~~8.2 million), ~~and~~ principal payments related to the Term Loan Facility ($~~15.8~~5.3 million), and distributions paid to noncontrolling interests ($2.5 million), partially offset by net borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility ($109.0 million) and net proceeds under our ATM Program ($21.6 million).Cash provided in financing activities was $107.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018, which primarily represents the dividend payments ($105.9 million), contingent consideration payments ($12.7 million), principal payments related to the Term Loan Facility ($5.3 million), and distributions paid to noncontrolling interests ($2.5 million), partially offset by net borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility ($20 million).

We have an effective shelf registration statement on file with the SEC (the “Registration Statement”) to offer and sell various securities from time to time. Under the Registration Statement, we have established an at-the-market common stock offering program (the “ATM Program”) to sell shares of common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $250.0 million. During the quarter ended ~~September 30, 2017, no sales were made~~March 31, 2019, we issued and sold 1.2 million shares of common stock at a weighted average price of $18.63 per share under the ATM Program, receiving net proceeds of $21.6 million, after commissions of $0.3 million and other offering costs. As of March 31, 2019, we have approximately $117.1 million available for issuance under the ATM Program. This program provides additional financial flexibility and an alternative mechanism to access the capital markets at an efficient cost as and when we need financing, including for acquisitions. ~~While we have not used the program to date, we currently intend to utilize the program when we believe the price we can obtain for our common stock is attractive~~. In addition, our UPREIT structure enables us to acquire properties by issuing to sellers, as a form of consideration, limited partnership interests in our operating partnership, (commonly called “OP Units”). We believe that this structure will facilitate our ability to acquire individual properties and portfolios of properties by enabling us to structure transactions which

will defer taxes payable by a seller while preserving our available cash for other purposes, including the possible payment of dividends. ~~We issued limited partnership interests as part of the acquisition consideration for the recently completed acquisitions of Hunt and Southern Light.~~

We anticipate continuing to invest in our network infrastructure across our Uniti Leasing, Uniti Fiber and Uniti Towers portfolios. We have also committed to spend $175 million on our proposed acquisition of Bluebird (for which we have obtained committed financing), net of the collection of prepaid rent. We anticipate declaring dividends for the 2019 tax year to comply with our REIT distribution requirements, although such dividends are expected to be lower than in prior periods. We anticipate that we will partially finance these needs, together with operating expenses (including debt service) from our $104.7 million of cash on hand, ~~and borrowing availability under the Revolving Credit Facility, combined with our~~ cash flows provided by operating activities, together with funds anticipated from announced divestures. However, we may need to access the capital markets to generate additional funds that will be sufficient to fund our business operations, announced investment activities, capital expenditures, debt service and distributions to our ~~shareholders over~~shareholders. We are closely monitoring the ~~next twelve months. However,~~equity and debt markets and will seek to access them promptly when we ~~may take advantage of opportunities to generate additional liquidity through capital markets transactions including, without limitation, the ATM Program.~~ determine market conditions are appropriate.

The amount, nature and timing of any capital markets transactions will depend on: our operating performance and other circumstances; our then-current commitments and obligations; the amount, nature and timing of our capital requirements; any limitations imposed by our current credit arrangements; and overall market conditions. These expectations are forward-looking and subject to a number of uncertainties and assumptions. If our expectations about our liquidity prove to be incorrect or we are unable to access the capital markets as we anticipate, we could be subject to a shortfall in liquidity in the future ~~and~~which could lead to a reduction in our capital expenditures and/or dividends. If this shortfall ~~may occur~~occurs rapidly and with little or no notice, ~~which would~~it could limit our ability to address the shortfall on a timely basis.

Co~~ntractual Obligations~~In addition to exploring potential capital markets transactions, the Company regularly evaluates market conditions, its liquidity profile, and various financing alternatives for opportunities to enhance its capital structure. If opportunities are favorable, the Company may refinance or repurchase existing debt. However, there can be no assurances that any debt refinancing would be on similar or more favorable terms than our existing arrangements. This would include the risk that interest rates could increase and/or there may be changes to our existing covenants.

Asrecent developments and uncertainty surrounding Windstream and the effect of ~~September 30, 2017,~~substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, as discussed in in Part I, Item 1A "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, we ~~had contractual obligations~~have taken measures, and ~~commitments~~may take further measures to conserve cash as ~~follows:~~we anticipate that it may be more difficult for us to access the capital markets at attractive rates until such uncertainty is clarified. Accordingly, we may elect to suspend, delay or reduce success-based capital expenditures and further reduce dividend payments to conserve cash. If our assumptions are incorrect, we could need additional sources of liquidity to fund our cash needs and cannot assure that we will obtain them. Because our Master Lease is essential to Windstream’s operations, we expect that any disruption in payments by Windstream would be limited, and we believe that if we take such actions, we would have enough liquidity to fund our cash needs within one year after the date the financial statements are issued. If our assumptions are incorrect, we could need additional sources of liquidity to fund our cash needs and cannot assure that we will obtain them.

We ~~are~~have elected to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. U.S. federal income tax law generally requires that a REIT distribute annually at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains, and that it pay tax at regular corporate rates to the extent that it annually distributes less than 100% of its taxable income. WeIn order to maintain our REIT status, we intend to make ~~regular quarterly~~ dividend payments of all or substantially all of our taxable income to holders of our common stock out of assets legally available for this purpose, if and to the extent authorized by our board of directors. Before we make any dividend payments, whether for U.S. federal income tax purposes or otherwise, we must first meet both our operating requirements and debt service obligations. If our cash available for distribution is less than our taxable income, we could be required to sell assets or borrow funds to make cash dividends or we may make a portion of the required dividend in the form of a taxable distribution of stock or debt ~~securities.~~securities.

On ~~October 13, 2017,~~March 18, 2019, we received a limited waiver and amendment to our Credit Agreement (the “Amendment”). During the pendency of Windstream’s bankruptcy, or at such earlier time when certain conditions are specified, the Amendment generally limits our ability under the Credit Agreement to pay cash dividends in excess of 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid ~~to shareholders of record as of the close of business on September 29, 2017, a~~deduction and excluding any net capital gains.

The following table below sets out details regarding our cash ~~dividend~~dividends on our common ~~stock~~stock:

Any dividends must be declared by our Board of ~~$0.60 per share~~Directors, which will take into account various factors including our current and anticipated operating results, our financial position, REIT requirements, conditions prevailing in the market, restrictions in our debt documents and additional factors they deem appropriate. Dividend payments are not guaranteed and our Board of Directors may decide, in its absolute discretion, at any time and for any reason, not to pay dividends or to change the ~~period July 1, 2017 through September 30, 2017.~~

~~On July 14, 2017,~~amount paid as dividends. In light of recent developments with Windstream, we ~~paid,~~may take measures to ~~shareholders of record as of the close of business on June 30, 2017,~~conserve cash, which may include a ~~cash dividend on~~suspension, delay or reduction in our ~~common stock of $0.60 per share for the period from April 1, 2017 through June 30, 2017.~~

On April 14, 2017, we paid, to shareholders of record as of the close of business on March 31, 2017, a cash dividend on our common stock of $0.60 per share for the period from January 1, 2017 through March 31, 2017.

On January 13, 2017, we paid, to shareholders of record as of the close of business on December 30, 2016, a cash dividend on our common stock of $0.60 per share for the period from October 1, 2016 through December 31, 2016.dividend.

We categorize our capital expenditures as either (i) success-based, (ii) maintenance, (iii) integration or ~~(iii)~~(iv) corporate and non-network. We define success-based capital expenditures as those ~~which are tied~~related to installing existing or anticipated contractual ~~obligations to customers or are discretionary in nature and are intended to add growth capacity to our existing network.~~customer service orders. Maintenance capital expenditures are those necessary to keep existing network elements fully operational. Integration capital expenditures are those made specifically with respect to recent acquisitions that are essential to integrating acquired companies in our business. We anticipate continuing to invest in our network infrastructure across our Uniti Leasing, Uniti Fiber and Uniti Towers portfolios, and expect that cash on hand ~~borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility,~~ and cash flows provided by operating activities will be sufficient to support these investments.

In light of recent developments with Windstream, we may need to take measures to conserve cash, which may include a suspension, delay or reduction in success-based capital expenditures. We are closely monitoring developments of the Windstream bankruptcy and continually assess our capital expenditure plans in light of such developments.

New accounting rules and disclosures can impact our reported results and comparability of our financial statements. These matters are described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2016,~~2018, filed with the SEC on ~~February 23, 2017.~~March 18, 2019.

~~ASU 2017-12 is~~ ~~effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within those annual periods, and earlier adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impacts the adoption of this accounting standard will have on our financial statements.~~

In ~~January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04,~~ ~~Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Accounting for Goodwill Impairment~~ (“ASU 2017-04”), which removes the requirement to perform a hypothetical purchase price allocation to measure goodwill impairment. A goodwill impairment will now be the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. ASU 2017-04 is effective for annual and interim periods beginningEffective January 1, ~~2020,~~2019, we account for leases in accordance with ~~early adoption permitted, and applied prospectively. We adopted ASU 2017-04 effective January 1, 2017, and there was no material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.~~

~~In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01,~~ ~~Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business~~ (“ASU 2017-01”), in an effort to clarify the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. ASU 2017-01 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. We adopted ASU 2017-01 effective January 1, 2017, with prospective application. As a result of the adoption of ASU 2017-01, the Company’s acquisition of NMS (~~see Note 3~~) was determined to be an asset acquisition. Transaction costs associated with asset acquisitions, which includes our real property interest investments, are now capitalized as opposed to be recorded as an expense as was required prior to adoption of ASU 2017-01.

~~In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09,~~ ~~Revenue from Contracts with Customers~~ ~~(“ASU 2014-09”). This~~ update outlines a single comprehensive revenue recognition model for entities to follow in accounting for revenue from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance.ASC 842. The core principle of the revenue model is that an entity should recognize revenue for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to receive for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted for public companies for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company intends to adopt the revenue recognition guidance on January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective approach. The Company’s implementation efforts include reviewing revenue contracts and the identification of revenue within the scope of the guidance. As ASU 2014-09 does not impact lessor accounting, the Company believes our accounting for leasing revenues will not be significantly impacted. While the Company currently has not identified any material changes in the timing of revenue recognition, we do anticipate an impact to our Fiber Infrastructure costs, primarily related to the capitalization of commission expense under ASU 2014-09, and are currently in the process of quantifying such impacts.

~~In August 2016,~~From time to time we enter into direct financing lease arrangements that include (i) a lessee obligation to purchase the ~~FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15,~~ ~~Statement~~leased equipment at the end of ~~Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification~~the lease term, (ii) a bargain purchase option, (iii) a lease term having a duration that is for the major part of ~~Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments~~ (“ASU 2016-15”). ASU 2016-15 provides guidance on reducing the diversity in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. In addition to other specific cash flow issues, ASU 2016-15 provides clarification on when an entity should separate cash receipts and cash payments into more than one class of cash flows and

the remaining economic life of the leased equipment or (iv) provides for minimum lease payments with a present value amounting to substantially all of the fair value of the leased equipment at the date of lease inception.

Key estimates and judgments include how we determined (i) the discount rate we use to discount the unpaid lease payments to present value, (ii) lease term and (iii) lease payments.

For operating leases where we are the lessor, we continue recognizing the underlying asset and depreciating it over its estimated useful life. Lease income is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Leasing revenue is not recognized when collection of all contractual rents over the term of the agreement is not probable. When collection is probable, the lessee is placed on non-accrual status and Leasing revenue is recognized when cash payments are received.

doing so would reduce the carrying amount of the ROU asset to an amount less than zero. In that case, the amount of the adjustment that would result in a negative ROU asset balance is recorded in profit or loss.

We have elected to exclude sales taxes from lease payments in arrangements where we are a lessor.

We adopted ASC 842 using a modified retrospective transition approach as of the effective date as permitted by the amendments in ASU 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Target Improvements, which provides an alternative modified retrospective transition method. As a result, we were not required to adjust our comparative period financial information for effects of the standard or make the new required lease disclosures for periods before the date of adoption (i.e. January 1, 2019). We have elected to adopt the package of transition practical expedients and, therefore, have not reassessed (i) whether existing or expired contracts contain a lease, (ii) lease classification for existing or expired leases or (iii) the accounting for initial direct costs that were previously capitalized. We elected the practical expedient to use hindsight for leases existing at the adoption date. Further, we elected to adopt the amendments in ASU 2018-01: Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842, which permits an entity ~~should classify those cash receipts and payments into one class of cash flows on~~to elect an optional transaction practical expedient to not evaluate land easements that exist or expire before the basis of predominance. The new guidance is effective for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact theCompany’s adoption of ~~this accounting standard will have on our financial statements.~~

ASC 842 and that were not previously accounted for as leases under ASC 840, Leases (“ASC 840”).

As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

There have been no material changes from the information reported under Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2016,~~2018, filed with the SEC on ~~February 23, 2017.~~March 18, 2019.

We have established disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of ~~September 30, 2017.~~March 31, 2019. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of ~~September 30, 2017.~~March 31, 2019.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act, that occurred during the quarter ended ~~September 30, 2017~~March 31, 2019 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Pursuant to the Master Lease, Windstream has agreed to indemnify us for, among other things, any use, misuse, maintenance or repair by Windstream with respect to the Distribution Systems. Windstream is currently a party to various legal actions and administrative proceedings, including various claims arising in the ordinary course of its telecommunications business, which are subject to the indemnities provided by Windstream to us. If Windstream assumes the Master Lease, it would be obligated to honor all indemnification claims. If Windstream were to reject the Master Lease, any indemnification claims would be treated as unsecured claims, and, if that were to occur, there can be no assurance we would receive any indemnification payments from Windstream. While these actions and proceedings are not believed to be material, individually or in the aggregate, the ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be predicted. The resolution of any such legal proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, could have a material adverse effect on Windstream’s business, financial position or results of operations, which, in turn, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position or results of operations if Windstream is unable to meet its indemnification obligations.

Windstream was involved in litigation with an entity who acquired certain Windstream debt securities and thereafter issued a notice of default as to such securities relating to the Spin-Off. Windstream challenged the matter in federal court and a trial was held in July 2018. On February 15, 2019, the federal court judge issued a ruling against Windstream, finding that Windstream’s attempts to waive such default were not valid; that an “event of default” occurred with respect to such debt securities; and that the holder’s acceleration of such debt in December 2017 was effective.

In response to the adverse outcome, on February 25, 2019, Windstream and all of its subsidiaries filed voluntary petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York.

In bankruptcy, Windstream has the option to assume or reject the Master Lease. While we believe that the Master Lease is essential to Windstream’s operations, it is difficult to predict what could occur in a restructuring, and even a temporary disruption in payments to us may require us to fund certain expenses and obligations (e.g., real estate taxes, insurance and maintenance expenses) to preserve the value of our properties and avoid the imposition of liens on our properties and could impact our ability to fund other cash obligations, including dividends necessary to maintain REIT status, non-essential capital expenditures and, in an extreme case, our debt service obligations. See Item 1A Risk Factors of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 for additional information concerning the impact Windstream’s bankruptcy may have on our operations and financial conditions. A rejection by Windstream of the Master Lease or its inability or unwillingness to meet its rent and other obligations under the Master Lease could materially adversely affect our consolidated results of operations, liquidity, and financial condition, including our ability to service debt, comply with debt covenants and pay dividends to our stockholders as required to maintain our status as a REIT. A rejection of the Master Lease by Windstream would result in an “event of default” under our Credit Agreement if we are unable to enter into a replacement lease that satisfies certain criteria set forth in the Credit Agreement within ninety (90) calendar days and we do not maintain pro forma compliance with a consolidated secured leverage ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement, of 5.00 to 1.00.

There have been no material changes to the risk factors affecting our business that were discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2016~~2018 filed with the SEC on ~~February 23, 2017.~~March 18, 2019.

Item 2. ~~Unregistered~~Unregistered Sales of ~~Equity~~Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

The table below provides information regarding shares withheld from Uniti employees to satisfy minimum statutory tax withholding obligations arising from the vesting of restricted stock granted under the Uniti Group Inc. 2015 Equity Incentive Plan. The shares of common stock withheld to satisfy tax withholding obligations may be deemed purchases of such shares required to be disclosed pursuant to this Item 2.

⁽¹⁾⁽¹⁾ The average price paid per share is the weighted-average of the fair market prices at which we calculated the number of shares withheld to cover tax withholdings for the employees.

~~None~~On May 7, 2019, the Compensation Committee (the “Committee”) of the Board of Directors of the Company approved the Uniti Group Inc. 2019 Short Term Incentive Plan (the “Plan”), which will be administered by the Committee. The Plan permits the Committee to award and pay performance-based cash bonuses to the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer, Executive Vice President – Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer and Executive Vice President – General Counsel and Secretary (the “Eligible Executives”), upon the attainment of certain criteria set forth in the Plan. The Plan is designed to reward and motivate the Eligible Executives to achieve certain performance goals during 2019 and to promote the alignment of the Eligible Executives’ interests with those of the Company’s stockholders.

In connection with adopting the Plan, the Committee approved award opportunities for each of the Eligible Executives for 2019. The Committee approved the following threshold (i.e., minimum), target and superior payout opportunities, expressed as a percentage of base salary, that the Eligible Executives are eligible to receive under the Plan:

Additionally, the Plan provides that the Committee may award discretionary bonuses to the Eligible Executives and other employees in amounts not to exceed 75% of his or her target bonus opportunity based upon the completion of certain projects during 2019.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Maryland	46-5230630
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
10802 Executive Center Drive Benton Building Suite 300 Little Rock, Arkansas	72211
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐

Non-accelerated filer	☐ ~~(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)~~	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock	UNIT	The NASDAQ Global Select Market


	Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Thousands)	2017		2016			2017			2016
Net income (loss)	$	4,835	$	(2,343	)	$	(31,625	)	$	4,158
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative contracts		1,789		(1,870	)		(4,340	)		(63,331	)
Changes in foreign currency translation		76		(101	)		5,074			(180	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		1,865		(1,971	)		734			(63,511	)
Comprehensive income (loss)		6,700		(4,314	)		(30,891	)		(59,353	)
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest		150		-			150			-
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common shareholders	$	6,550	$	(4,314	)	$	(31,041	)	$	(59,353	)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
(Thousands)	2019			2018
Net income	$	2,492		$	1,231
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Unrealized (loss) gain on derivative contracts		(21,686	)		35,268
Changes in foreign currency translation		780			4,565
Other comprehensive (loss) income:		(20,906	)		39,833
Comprehensive (loss) income		(18,414	)		41,064
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interest		(412	)		940
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to common shareholders	$	(18,002	)	$	40,124

(Thousands)	Contract Assets		Contract Liabilities
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	5,540	$	15,473
Balance at March 31, 2019	$	7,067	$	16,057

(Thousands)	March 31, 2019⁽¹⁾		December 31, 2018⁽²⁾
2019	$	531,571	$	724,269
2020		702,017		693,596
2021		704,644		696,713
2022		706,867		699,561
2023		709,507		702,663
Thereafter		4,712,760		4,706,951
Total lease receivables	$	8,067,366	$	8,223,753
⁽¹⁾ Total lease receivables include $7.5 billion relating to the Master Lease with Windstream, which is on non-accrual basis of accounting as of March 31, 2019.
⁽²⁾ Prior period amounts have not been adjusted under the modified retrospective transition approach.

(Thousands)	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Finance lease cost
Amortization of ROU assets	$	1,006
Interest on lease liabilities		1,069
Total Finance Lease Cost		2,075
Operating lease cost		6,587
Short-term lease cost		1,191
Variable lease cost		798
Total lease cost	$	10,651

(Thousands)	Location on Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	March 31, 2019
Operating leases
ROU Asset	Other assets, net	$	97,039
ROU Liability	Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities, net		103,868

Finance leases
ROU Asset	Property, plant and equipment, net	$	128,098
ROU Liability	Finance lease obligations		54,276

Weighted-average remaining lease term
Operating leases		9.5 years
Finance leases		13.9 years

Weighted-average discount rate
Operating leases			9.5	%
Finance leases			7.8	%

(Thousands)	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows from finance leases	$	1,069
Operating cash flows from operating leases		6,519
Financing cash flows from finance leases		1,006

(Thousands)	Operating Leases ⁽¹⁾			Finance Leases ⁽¹⁾
2019	$	17,479		$	6,238
2020		21,884			7,447
2021		20,476			6,697
2022		17,900			6,566
2023		15,836			6,549
Thereafter		79,497			55,407
Total undiscounted lease payments	$	173,072		$	88,904
Less: imputed interest		(69,204	)		(34,628	)
Total lease liabilities	$	103,868		$	54,276
⁽¹⁾ Amounts are exclusive of lease arrangements that are classified in Liabilities Held for Sale.

(Thousands)
2019	$	10,585
2020		7,543
2021		4,815
2022		3,186
2023		2,382
Thereafter		15,269
Total	$	43,780
⁽¹⁾ Prior period amounts have not been adjusted under the modified retrospective transition approach.

(Thousands)
2019	$	8,683
2020		7,357
2021		6,638
2022		6,484
2023		6,457
Thereafter		52,533
Total minimum payments		88,152
Less amount representing interest		(32,870	)
Total	$	55,282
⁽¹⁾ Prior period amounts have not been adjusted under the modified retrospective transition approach.

(Thousands)	Sublease Rentals
2019	$	13,021
2020		8,372
2021		8,396
2022		8,421
2023		8,446
Thereafter		92,527
Total	$	139,183

	(thousands)
Property, plant and equipment	$	36,417
Accounts receivable		2,826
Other assets		1,623
Intangible assets		52,437
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities		(8,895	)
Intangible liabilities		(3,440	)
Deferred income taxes		(18,403	)
Total purchase consideration	$	62,565

	(thousands)
Property, plant and equipment	$	59,639
Cash and cash equivalents		2,281
Accounts receivable		4,905
Goodwill		92,275
Intangible assets		73,000
Other assets		2,875
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities		(2,349	)
Deferred revenue		(3,800	)
Deferred income taxes		(40,391	)
Capital lease obligations		(164	)
Total purchase consideration	$	188,271

	(thousands)
Property, plant and equipment	$	163,680
Cash and cash equivalents		14,346
Accounts receivable		3,043
Goodwill		117,032
Intangible assets		116,218
Other assets		2,595
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities		(16,782	)
Deferred revenue		(23,900	)
Deferred income taxes		(24,866	)
Capital lease obligations		(6,750	)
Total purchase consideration	$	344,616

	(thousands)
Property, plant and equipment	$	293,030
Cash and cash equivalents		7,003
Accounts receivable		6,584
Goodwill		145,054
Intangible assets		38,000
Other assets		5,161
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities		(8,643	)
Deferred revenue		(12,700	)
Capital lease obligations		(49,195	)
Total purchase consideration	$	424,294

(Thousands)		December 31, 2018				Transfers into Level 3				(Gain)/Loss included in earnings				Settlements				March 31, 2019
Contingent consideration		$	83,401			$	-			$	(3,256	)		$	(19,348	)		$	60,797

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
(Thousands)	Leasing		Fiber Infrastructure		Towers			Consumer CLEC		Corporate			Subtotal of Reportable Segments
Revenues	$	171,673	$	66,363	$	2,796		$	4,378	$	-		$	245,210

Adjusted EBITDA	$	171,215	$	28,348	$	(98	)	$	1,025	$	(5,552	)	$	194,938
Less:
Interest expense														78,784
Depreciation and amortization		87,320		24,050		1,326			652		96			113,444
Other income														(3,933	)
Transaction related costs														8,512
Stock-based compensation														1,968
Income tax benefit														(8,672	)
Net income													$	4,835

Capital expenditures⁽¹⁾	$	-	$	59,723	$	10,284		$	-	$	7		$	70,014

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
(Thousands)	Leasing		Fiber Infrastructure		Towers			Consumer CLEC		Corporate			Subtotal of Reportable Segments
Revenues	$	169,366	$	25,219	$	159			5,496	$	-		$	200,240

Adjusted EBITDA	$	169,075	$	9,273	$	(258	)	$	1,213	$	(3,627	)	$	175,676
Less:
Interest expense														70,522
Depreciation and amortization		86,007		9,701		106			814		95			96,723
Other expense														-
Transaction related costs														9,315
Stock-based compensation														1,331
Income tax expense														128
Net loss													$	(2,343	)

Capital expenditures⁽¹⁾	$	-	$	6,877	$	2,860		$	-	$	15		$	9,752

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
(Thousands)	Leasing		Fiber Infrastructure		Towers			Consumer CLEC		Corporate			Subtotal of Reportable Segments
Revenues	$	512,893	$	136,158	$	6,679		$	13,966	$	-		$	669,696

Adjusted EBITDA	$	511,803	$	52,533	$	(1,075	)	$	3,514	$	(15,265	)	$	551,510
Less:
Interest expense														227,235
Depreciation and amortization		261,037		50,618		3,505			1,955		289			317,404
Other expense														9,638
Transaction related costs														32,213
Stock-based compensation														5,621
Income tax benefit														(8,976	)
Net loss													$	(31,625	)

Capital expenditures⁽¹⁾	$	-	$	103,497	$	89,984		$	-	$	46		$	193,527

(Thousands)	Currency Translation Adjustment			Changes in Fair Value of Effective Cash Flow Hedge			Total
Beginning balance at December 31, 2016	$	(267	)	$	(6,102	)	$	(6,369	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		5,074			(20,591	)		(15,517	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		-			16,251			16,251
Net other comprehensive income (loss)		4,807			(10,442	)		(5,635	)
Less: Other comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest		2			41			43
Ending balance at September 30, 2017	$	4,805		$	(10,483	)	$	(5,678	)

	Payments Due by Period
(millions)	Less than 1 Year		1-3 Years		3-5 Years		More than 5 Years		Total
Long-term debt^(a)	$	21	$	42	$	42	$	4,247	$	4,352
Interest payments on long-term debt obligations^(b)		252		501		498		280		1,531
Operating leases		15		19		8		17		59
Capital Leases		8		16		13		56		93
Network deployment^(c)		52		-		-		-		52
Total projected obligations and commitments^(d)	$	348	$	578	$	561	$	4,600	$	6,087

Period	Payment Date	Cash Dividend Per Share		Record Date
October 1, 2018 - December 31, 2018	January 15, 2019	$	0.60	December 31, 2018
January 1, 2019 - March 31, 2019	April 15, 2019	$	0.05	April 1, 2019

Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased		Average Price Paid per Share⁽¹⁾		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs		Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
July 1, 2017 to July 31, 2017		1,335	$	26.26		—		—
August 1, 2017 to August 31, 2017		703		19.30		—		—
September 1, 2017 to September 30, 2017		—		—		—		—
Total		2,038	$	23.86		—		—

	2019 Short Term Incentive Plan Payout Opportunities (as a percentage of base salary)
Name	Threshold	Target	Superior
Kenneth A. Gunderman President and Chief Executive Officer	75%	150%	225%
Mark A. Wallace Executive Vice President – Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer	50%	100%	150%
Daniel L. Heard Executive Vice President – General Counsel and Secretary	50%	100%	150%

Exhibit Number		Description
10.1*		Uniti Group Inc. 2018 Short Term Incentive Plan**

4.110.2		~~Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of August 11, 2017, among~~ Uniti Group ~~LP, Uniti Fiber Holdings~~ Inc.~~, and CSL Capital, LLC, as Issuers, the guarantors named therein, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee, relating to the 7.125% Senior Notes due 2024.~~ 2019 Short Term Incentive Plan***

31.1*		Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2*		Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1*		Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2*		Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101.INS		XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

		UNITI GROUP INC.

Date:	~~November 2, 2017~~May 9, 2019	/s/ Mark A. Wallace
		Mark A. Wallace Executive Vice President – Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer)

Date:	~~November 2, 2017~~May 9, 2019	/s/ Blake Schuhmacher
		Blake Schuhmacher Senior Vice President – Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer)