UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C.  20549

FORM 10-Q

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 20192020

Commission file number:  000-33063

Sierra BancorpSIERRA BANCORP

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

86 North Main Street, Porterville, California 93257

(Address of principal executive offices)                  (Zip Code)

(559) 782-4900

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files).   Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the Registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).   Yes  ☐    No  ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

As of May 1, 2019,2020, the registrant had 15,328,43015,190,038 shares of common stock outstanding.

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b)

FORM 10-Q

Table of Contents

FORM 10-Q

Table of Contents

PART I - FINANCIALFINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1 – Financial Statements

SIERRA BANCORP

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(dollars in thousands)

SIERRA BANCORP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 20192020 AND 20182019

(dollars in thousands, except per share data, unaudited)

SIERRA BANCORP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 20192020 AND 20182019

(dollars in thousands, unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

SIERRA BANCORP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDER’SSTOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 20192020 AND 20182019

(dollars in thousands, except per share data, unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

SIERRA BANCORP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 20192020 AND 20182019

(dollars in thousands, unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

SIERRA BANCORP

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

March 31, 20192020

(Unaudited)

Note 1 – The Business of Sierra Bancorp

Sierra Bancorp (the “Company”) is a California corporation headquartered in Porterville, California, and is a registered bank holding company under federal banking laws.  The Company was formed to serve as the holding company for Bank of the Sierra (the “Bank”), and has been the Bank’s sole shareholder since August 2001.  The Company exists primarily for the purpose of holding the stock of the Bank and of such other subsidiaries it may acquire or establish.  As of March 31, 2019,2020, the Company’s only other subsidiaries were Sierra Statutory Trust II, Sierra Capital Trust III, and Coast Bancorp Statutory Trust II, which were formed solely to facilitate the issuance of capital trust pass-through securities (“TRUPS”).  Pursuant to the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) standard on the consolidation of variable interest entities, these trusts are not reflected on a consolidated basis in the Company’s financial statements.  References herein to the “Company” include Sierra Bancorp and its consolidated subsidiary, the Bank, unless the context indicates otherwise.

Bank of the Sierra, a California state-chartered bank headquartered in Porterville, California, offers a wide range of retail and commercial banking services via branch offices located throughout California’s South San Joaquin Valley, the Central Coast, Ventura County, and neighboring communities.  The Bank was incorporated in September 1977, and opened for business in January 1978 as a one-branch bank with $1.5 million in capital.  Our growth in the ensuing years has largely been organic in nature, but includes four whole-bank acquisitions:  Sierra National Bank in 2000, Santa Clara Valley Bank in 2014, Coast National Bank in 2016, and Ojai Community Bank in October 2017.  We also acquired a branch located in Lompoc, California from Community Bank of Santa Maria in May 2018, and we opened a new branch on Palm Avenue in Fresno in September 2018.  As of the filing date of this report the Bank operates 40 full service branches and an online branch, and maintains ATMs at all but one of our branch locations as well as seven non-branch locations.  Moreover, the Bank has specialized lending units which focus on agricultural borrowers, SBA loans, and mortgage warehouse lending.  The Company had total assets of $2.5$2.7 billion at March 31, 2019,2020, and for a number of years we have claimed the distinction of being the largest bank headquartered in the South San Joaquin Valley.  The Bank’s deposit accounts, which totaled $2.2 billion at March 31, 2019,2020, are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to maximum insurable amounts.

Note 2 – Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in a condensed format, and therefore do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for complete financial statements.  The information furnished in these interim statements reflects all adjustments that are, in the opinion of Management, necessary for a fair statement of the results for such periods.  Such adjustments can generally be considered as normal and recurring unless otherwise disclosed in this Form 10-Q.10‑Q.  In preparing the accompanying financial statements, Management has taken subsequent events into consideration and recognized them where appropriate.  The results of operations in the interim statements are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other quarter, or for the full year.  Certain amounts reported for 20182019 have been reclassified to be consistent with the reporting for 2019.2020.  The interim financial information should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K10‑K for the year ended December 31, 2018,2019, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).

Note 3 – Current Accounting Developments

In February 2016 the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842).  The intention of this standard is to increase the transparency and comparability around lease obligations.  Previously unrecorded off-balance sheet obligations will now be brought more prominently to light by presenting lease liabilities on the face of the balance sheet, accompanied by enhanced qualitative and quantitative disclosures in the notes to the financial statements.  ASU 2016-02 is generally effective for public business entities in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years.  The Company has leases on 21 branch locations, an administrative office building, and three offsite ATM locations which are considered operating leases and are not currently reflected in our financial statements.  Pursuant to ASU 2016-02, on January 1, 2019 these lease agreements were recognized on our consolidated statement of condition as right-of-use assets totaling approximately $10 million, and corresponding lease liabilities. Please see Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements for more detailed disclosure information.

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In September 2016 the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, 2016‑13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which eliminates the probable initial recognition threshold for credit losses in current U.S. GAAP, and instead requires an organization to record a current estimate of all expected credit losses over the contractual term for financial assets carried at amortized cost.  This is commonly referred to as the current expected credit losses (“CECL”) methodology.  Expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date will be measured based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts.  Another change from existing U.S. GAAP involves the treatment of purchased credit deteriorated assets, which are more broadly defined

than purchased credit impaired assets in current accounting standards.  When such assets are purchased, institutions will estimate and record an allowance for credit losses that is added to the purchase price rather than being reported as a credit loss expense.  Furthermore, ASU 2016-132016‑13 updates the measurement of credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities, by mandating that institutions record credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities through an allowance for credit losses rather than the current practice of writing down securities for other-than-temporary impairment.  ASU 2016-132016‑13 will also require the enhancement of financial statement disclosures regarding estimates used in calculating credit losses.  ASU 2016-132016‑13 does not change the existing write-off principle in U.S. GAAP or current nonaccrual practices, nor does it change accounting requirements for loans held for sale or certain other financial assets which are measured at the lower of amortized cost or fair value.  As a public business entity that is an SEC filer, ASU 2016-132016‑13 becomes effective for the Company on January 1, 2020, although early application is permitted for 2019.2020.  On the effective date, institutions will apply the new accounting standard as follows:  for financial assets carried at amortized cost, a cumulative-effect adjustment will be recognized on the balance sheet for any change in the related allowance for loan and lease losses generated by the adoption of the new standard; financial assets classified as purchased credit impaired assets prior to the effective date will be reclassified as purchased credit deteriorated assets as of the effective date, and will be grossed up for the related allowance for expected credit losses created as of the effective date; and, debt securities on which other-than-temporary impairment had been recognized prior to the effective date will transition to the new guidance prospectively with no change in their amortized cost basis.  The Company is welladopted ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2020, however, the Company elected under way with transition efforts.  We have established anSection 4014 of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act to defer the implementation team which is chaired by our Chief Credit Officer and includesof CECL until the Company’s other executive officers, along with certain membersearlier of ourwhen the national emergency related to the outbreak of COVID-19 ends or December 31, 2020.   Although this deferral will still require CECL to be implemented as of January 1, 2020, the Company believes that the deferral will provide time to better assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the expected lifetime credit administration and finance departments.  Furthermore, after extensive discussion and due diligence, we engaged a third-party vendor and purchased a specialized application to assist in our calculation of potential required reserves utilizinglosses. While the CECL methodology and to help validate our current reserving methodology.  A preliminary evaluation indicates thatultimate impact cannot be definitively determined at this time, the provisions of ASU 2016-13 will likely have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements, particularly the level of our allowance for credit losses and shareholders’ equity.  While the potential extent of that impact has not yet been definitively determined, initial estimates indicate that our allowance for loan and lease losses could increase by 100% or more relative to current levels if we utilize the discounted cash flow methodology with forecasting.

In January 2017 the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business2017‑04, .  Currently, Topic 805 specifies three elements of a business – inputs, processes, and outputs.  While an integrated set of assets and activities (collectively referred to as a “set”) that is a business usually has outputs, outputs are not required. In addition, all the inputs and processes that a seller uses in operating a set are not required if market participants can acquire the set and continue to produce outputs, for example, by integrating the acquired set with their own inputs and processes.  This led many transactions to be accounted for as business combinations rather than asset purchases under legacy GAAP.  The primary goal of ASU 2017-01 is to narrow the definition of a business, and the guidance in this update provides a screen to determine when a set is not a business.  The screen requires that when substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired (or disposed of) is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, the set is not a business.  This reduces the number of transactions that need to be further evaluated.  The amendments in this update are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and we implemented ASU 2017-01 on a prospective basis effective January 1, 2018.  This update affected the accounting treatment used for our branch deposit purchase in the second quarter of 2018, and we expect that it will also impact the way we account for certain branch acquisitions in future periods, if the opportunity for such arises.

In January 2017 the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Accounting for Goodwill Impairment.  This guidance removes Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test, which requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation, and goodwill impairment will simply be the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill.  All other goodwill impairment guidance will remain largely unchanged.  Entities will continue to have the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine if a quantitative impairment test is necessary.  The same one-step impairment test will be applied to goodwill at all reporting units, even those with zero or negative carrying amounts.  Entities will be required to disclose the amount of goodwill at reporting units with zero or negative carrying amounts.  The amendments in this update arewere effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019.  WeIn accordance with ASU 2017-04, the Company performed a qualitative analysis of goodwill during the first quarter of 2020, and determined that a quantitative analysis was not necessary at this time.  Thus, we have not been required to record any goodwill impairment to date, and after a preliminary review do not expect that this guidance would require us to do so given current circumstances.  Nevertheless, we will continue to evaluate ASU 2017-04 to more definitely determine its potential impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

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In March 2017 the FASB issued ASU 2017-08, Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities.  The amendments in this update will shorten the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium, by requiring the premium to be amortized to the earliest call date.  Under current guidance, the premium on a callable debt security is generally amortized as an adjustment to yield over the contractual life of the instrument, and any unamortized premium is recorded as a loss in earnings upon the debtor’s exercise of a call provision.  Under ASU 2017-08, because the premium will be amortized to the earliest call date, entities will no longer recognize a loss in earnings if a debt security is called prior to the contractual maturity date.  The amendments do not require an accounting change for securities held at a discount; discounts will continue to be amortized as an adjustment to yield over the contractual life of the debt instrument.  ASU 2017-08 is effective for public business entities, including the Company, for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018.  Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period.  If an entity early adopts in an interim period, any adjustments must be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period.  To apply ASU 2017-08, entities must use a modified retrospective approach, with the cumulative-effect adjustment recognized to retained earnings at the beginning of the period of adoption.  Entities are also required to provide disclosures about a change in accounting principle in the period of adoption.  The Company adopted ASU 2017-08 effective January 1, 2019 with no material impact on our financial statements or operations.

In August 2018 the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, 2018‑13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement, as part of its disclosure framework project.  Pursuant to this guidance, disclosures that will no longer be required include the following:  transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy; transfers in and out of Level 3 for nonpublic entities, as well as purchases and issuances and the Level 3 roll forward; a company’s policy for determining when transfers between any of the three levels have occurred; the valuation processes used for Level 3 measurements; and, the changes in unrealized gains or losses presented in earnings for Level 3 instruments held at the balance sheet date for nonpublic entities.  The following are additional disclosure requirements:  for public entities, the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 instruments held at the balance sheet date; for public entities, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used for Level 3 measurements, although for certain unobservable inputs the entity will be allowed to disclose other quantitative information in place of the weighted average to the extent that it would be a more reasonable and rational method to reflect the distribution of unobservable inputs; for nonpublic entities, some form of quantitative information about significant unobservable inputs used in Level 3 fair value measurements; and, for certain investments in entities that calculate the net asset value, disclosures will be required about the timing of liquidation and redemption restrictions lapsing if the latter has been communicated to the reporting entity.  The guidance also clarifies that the Level 3 measurement uncertainty disclosure should communicate

information about the uncertainty at the balance sheet date.  ASU 2018-132018‑13 is effective for all entities in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods.  Early adoption is permitted.  In addition, an entity may early adopt any of the removed or modified disclosures immediately and delay adoption of the new disclosures until the effective date.The Company adopted ASU 2018-13 effective January 1, 2020 which impacts the disclosure requirements for fair value measurement.

Note 4 – Supplemental DisclosureIn May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326), which provides transition relief for entities adopting ASU 2016-13.  ASU 2019-05 amends ASU 2016-13 to allow companies to irrevocably elect, upon adoption of CashASU 2016-13, the fair value option on financial instruments that (1) were previously recorded at amortized cost and Non-Cash Flow Information

During(2) are within the three months ended March 31,scope of ASC 326-20 if the instruments are eligible for the fair value option under ASC 825-10.  An entity will apply the amendments in this update through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective (that is, a modified-retrospective approach).  A prospective transition approach is required for debt securities for which an other-than-temporary impairment had been recognized before the effective date, in order to maintain the same amortized cost basis before and after the effective date of this update.  Amounts previously recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income as of the date of adoption that relate to improvements in cash flows expected to be collected should continue to be accreted into income over the remaining life of the asset.  Recoveries of amounts previously written off relating to improvements in cash flows after the date of adoption should be recorded in earnings when received.  The fair value option election does not apply to held-to-maturity debt securities.  Entities are required to make this election on an instrument-by-instrument basis.  For public business entities that are SEC filers, including the Company, the amendments in ASU 2019-05 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and 2018, cash paid for interest due on interest-bearing liabilities was $3.409 million and $1.874 million, respectively.including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted ASU 2019-05 effective January 1, 2020. There was no cash paid for income taxes duringimpact to the three months ended March 31, 2019 or March 31, 2018.  There were assets totaling $26,000 that were acquired in settlementfinancial statements of loans for the three months ended March 31, 2019, but none duringCompany as we did not elect the three months ended March 31, 2018. Non-cash items which arose from the recording of an operating right-of-use asset and lease liability, pursuant to thefair value option on financial instruments upon adoption of ASU 2016-02,2016-13.

In March 2020, in an effort to conform with Section 4013 of the CARES Act, various regulatory agencies, including the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, (“the agencies”) issued an interagency statement on loan modifications and reporting for financial institutions working with customers affected by the Coronavirus. The interagency statement was effective immediately and impacted accounting for loan modifications. Under Accounting Standards Codification 310-40, “Receivables – Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors,” (“ASC 310-40”), a restructuring of debt constitutes a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) if the creditor, for economic or legal reasons related to the debtor’s financial difficulties, grants a concession to the debtor that it would not otherwise consider. The agencies confirmed with the staff of the FASB that short-term modifications made on a good faith basis in response to COVID-19 to borrowers who were $9.7 million and $10.3 million respectively duringcurrent prior to any relief, are not to be considered TDRs. This includes short-term (e.g., six months) modifications such as payment deferrals, fee waivers, extensions of repayment terms, or other delays in payment that are insignificant. Borrowers considered current are those that are less than 30 days past due on their contractual payments at the first quarter of 2019.time a modification program is implemented. This interagency guidance is expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements; however, this impact cannot be quantified at this time.

Note 54 – Share Based Compensation

On March 16, 2017 the Company’s Board of Directors approved and adopted the 2017 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2017 Plan”), which became effective May 24, 2017, the date approved by the Company’s shareholders.  The 2017 Plan replaced the Company’s 2007 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2007 Plan”), which expired by its own terms on March 15, 2017.  Options to purchase 341,450327,610 shares that were granted under the 2007 Plan were still outstanding as of March 31, 20192020 and remain unaffected by that plan’s expiration.  The 2017 Plan provides for the issuance of both “incentive” and “nonqualified” stock options to officers and employees, and of “nonqualified” stock options to non-employee directors and consultants of the Company.  The 2017 Plan also provides for the issuance of restricted stock awards to these same classes of eligible participants, although no restricted stock awards have ever been issued by the Company.  The total number of shares of the Company’s authorized but unissued stock reserved for issuance pursuant to awards under the

2017 Plan was initially 850,000 shares, and the number remaining available for grant as of March 31, 20192020 was 690,800.547,000.  The potential dilutive impact of unexercised stock options is discussed below in Note 6,5, Earnings per Share.

8

Pursuant to FASB’s standards on stock compensation, the value of each stock option is reflected in our income statement as employee compensation or directors’ expense by amortizing its grant date fair value over the vesting period of the option.  The Company utilizes a Black-Scholes model to determine grant date fair values.  A pre-tax charge of $151,000$.1 million was reflected in the Company’s income statement during the first quarter of 20192020 and $76,000$.2 million was charged during the first quarter of 2018,2019, as expense related to stock options.

Note 65 – Earnings per Share

The computation of earnings per share, as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Income, is based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during each period.  There were 15,311,15415,262,252 weighted average shares outstanding during the first quarter of 2019,2020 and 15,232,69615,311,154 during the first quarter of 2018.

2019. Diluted earnings per share calculations include the effect of the potential issuance of common shares, which for the Company is limited to shares that would be issued on the exercise of “in-the-money” stock options.  For the first quarter of 2019,2020, calculations under the treasury stock method resulted in the equivalent of 136,59377,765 shares being added to basic weighted average shares outstanding for purposes of determining diluted earnings per share, while a weighted average of 199,120304,763 stock options were excluded from the calculation because they were underwater and thus anti-dilutive.  For the first quarter of 20182019 the equivalent of 179,472136,593 shares were added in calculating diluted earnings per share, while 169,000199,120 anti-dilutive stock options were not factored into the computation.

Note 76 – Comprehensive Income

As presented in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, comprehensive income includes net income and other comprehensive income.  The Company’s only source of other comprehensive income is unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investment securities.  Investment gains or losses that were realized and reflected in net income of the current period, which had previously been included in other comprehensive income as unrealized holding gains or losses in the period in which they arose, are considered to be reclassification adjustments that are excluded from other comprehensive income in the current period.

Note 87 – Financial Instruments with Off-Balance-Sheet Risk

The Company is a party to financial instruments with off‑balance‑sheet risk in the normal course of business.  Those financial instruments currently consist of unused commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit.  They involve, to varying degrees, elements of risk in excess of the amount recognized in the balance sheet.  The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by counterparties for commitments to extend credit and letters of credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments.  The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and issuing letters of credit as it does for originating loans included on the balance sheet.  The following financial instruments represent off‑balance‑sheet credit risk (dollars in thousands):