Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of ~~June 30, 2019,~~March 31, 2020, the registrant had ~~35,347,546~~34,508,504 shares of common stock, $.01 par value per share, outstanding.

For the three ~~and six~~ months ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2020 and 2019 ~~and 2018~~

Three Months Ended
June 30,

Six Months Ended
June 30,

2019

2018

2019

2018

Net sales

$
504.7

$
495.3

$
922.7

$
881.4

Cost of sales

409.5

404.8

747.3

722.5

Gross profit

95.2

90.5

175.4

158.9

Operating costs and expenses:

Engineering, selling and administrative expenses

50.5

62.1

109.9

122.5

Asset impairment expense

—

0.4

—

0.4

Amortization of intangible assets

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.2

Restructuring expense

2.7

3.8

7.2

10.0

Total operating costs and expenses

53.3

66.4

117.3

133.1

Operating income

41.9

24.1

58.1

25.8

Other income (expense):

Interest expense

(7.5
)

(9.4
)

(18.4
)

(19.4
)
Amortization of deferred financing fees

(0.4
)

(0.4
)

(0.8
)

(0.9
)
Loss on debt extinguishment

—

—

(25.0
)

—

Other income (expense) - net

15.9

(5.6
)

12.6

(2.9
)
Total other income (expense)

8.0

(15.4
)

(31.6
)

(23.2
)
Income from continuing operations before income taxes

49.9

8.7

26.5

2.6

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

3.9

(1.2
)

7.2

2.7

Income (loss) from continuing operations

46.0

9.9

19.3

(0.1
)
Discontinued operations:

Loss from discontinued operations, net of income taxes of $0.0,
$0.0, $0.0 and $0.0, respectively

—

(0.2
)

—

(0.2
)
Net income (loss)

$
46.0

$
9.7

$
19.3

$
(0.3
)

Per Share Data

Basic income (loss) per common share:

Income from continuing operations

$
1.29

$
0.28

$
0.54

$
—

Loss from discontinued operations, net of income taxes

—

(0.01
)

—

(0.01
)
Basic income (loss) per common share

$
1.29

$
0.27

$
0.54

$
(0.01
)

Diluted income (loss) per common share:

Income from continuing operations

$
1.29

$
0.27

$
0.54

$
—

Loss from discontinued operations, net of income taxes

—

—

—

(0.01
)
Diluted income (loss) per common share

$
1.29

$
0.27

$
0.54

$
(0.01
)

Weighted average shares outstanding - basic

35,595,718

35,530,356

35,619,145

35,449,298

Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted

35,725,908

36,064,108

35,799,089

35,449,298

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020			2019
Net sales	$	329.2		$	418.0
Cost of sales		266.0			337.8
Gross profit		63.2			80.2
Operating costs and expenses:
Engineering, selling and administrative expenses		55.9			59.4
Amortization of intangible assets		0.1			0.1
Restructuring expense		1.5			4.5
Total operating costs and expenses		57.5			64.0
Operating income		5.7			16.2
Other expense:
Interest expense		(7.2	)		(10.9	)
Amortization of deferred financing fees		(0.4	)		(0.4	)
Loss on debt extinguishment		—			(25.0	)
Other expense - net		(4.0	)		(3.3	)
Total other expense		(11.6	)		(39.6	)
Loss before income taxes		(5.9	)		(23.4	)
Provision for income taxes		1.9			3.3
Net loss	$	(7.8	)	$	(26.7	)

Per Share Data
Basic net loss per common share	$	(0.22	)	$	(0.75	)

Diluted net loss per common share	$	(0.22	)	$	(0.75	)

Weighted average shares outstanding - basic		35,135,525			35,642,832
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted		35,135,525			35,642,832

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

For the three ~~and six~~ months ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2020 and 2019 ~~and 2018~~

Three Months Ended
June 30,

Six Months Ended
June 30,

2019

2018

2019

2018

Net income (loss)

$
46.0

$
9.7

$
19.3

$
(0.3
)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income tax

Unrealized income (expense) on derivatives, net of income
   tax provision of $0.0, $0.0, $0.0 and $0.0, respectively

0.6

(3.3
)

0.7

(3.4
)
Employee pension and postretirement benefits, net of
   income tax benefit (provision) of $0.0, $(0.1), $0.0 and
   $0.0, respectively

0.5

0.7

1.0

1.3

Foreign currency translation adjustments

1.2

(26.8
)

(1.3
)

(15.2
)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of income tax

2.3

(29.4
)

0.4

(17.3
)
Comprehensive income (loss)

$
48.3

$
(19.7
)

$
19.7

$
(17.6
)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020			2019
Net loss	$	(7.8	)	$	(26.7	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income tax
Unrealized income on derivatives, net of income tax provision of $0.0 and $0.0, respectively		—			0.1
Employee pension and postretirement benefits, net of income tax provision of $0.3 and $0.0, respectively		1.2			0.5
Foreign currency translation adjustments		(13.6	)		(2.5	)
Total other comprehensive loss, net of income tax		(12.4	)		(1.9	)
Comprehensive loss	$	(20.2	)	$	(28.6	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018			March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019
Assets
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	35.0		$	140.3		$	103.6		$	199.3
Accounts receivable, less allowances of $10.1 and $10.3, respectively		265.1			171.8
Accounts receivable, less allowances of $8.7 and $7.9, respectively								169.3			168.3
Inventories — net		552.3			453.1			545.6			461.4
Notes receivable — net		17.9			19.4			15.1			17.4
Other current assets		37.2			58.3			29.2			26.0
Total current assets		907.5			842.9			862.8			872.4

Property, plant and equipment — net		283.5			288.9			277.6			289.9
Operating lease right-of-use assets		47.6			—			44.9			47.6
Goodwill		232.7			232.8			230.3			232.5
Other intangible assets — net		117.5			118.1			114.9			116.3
Other long-term assets		63.8			59.2			53.5			59.0
Total assets	$	1,652.6		$	1,541.9		$	1,584.0		$	1,617.7
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	421.9		$	425.2		$	358.4		$	340.8
Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt		8.7			6.4			3.9			3.8
Product warranties		42.4			39.1			47.1			47.2
Customer advances		10.6			9.6			21.0			25.8
Other liabilities		25.3			16.3			21.5			23.3
Total current liabilities		508.9			496.6			451.9			440.9
Non-Current Liabilities:
Long-term debt		309.6			266.7			307.9			308.4
Operating lease liabilities		37.0			—			35.0			37.6
Deferred income taxes		5.3			5.7			3.2			5.5
Pension obligations		82.9			85.7			83.7			86.4
Postretirement health and other benefit obligations		18.0			18.3			15.8			16.4
Long-term deferred revenue		28.5			25.2			25.7			30.3
Other non-current liabilities		42.7			42.4			44.1			46.3
Total non-current liabilities		524.0			444.0			515.4			530.9
Commitments and contingencies (Note 16)
Commitments and contingencies (Note 18)
Stockholders' Equity:
Preferred stock (authorized 3,500,000 shares of $.01 par value; none outstanding)		—			—
Common stock (75,000,000 shares authorized, 40,793,983 shares issued, 35,347,546 and 35,588,833 shares outstanding, respectively)		0.4			0.4
Preferred stock (authorized 3,500,000 shares of $.01 par value; NaN outstanding)								—			—
Common stock (75,000,000 shares authorized, 40,793,983 shares issued, 34,508,504 and 35,374,537 shares outstanding, respectively)								0.4			0.4
Additional paid-in capital		588.8			584.8			593.7			592.2
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(116.2	)		(116.6	)		(133.4	)		(121.0	)
Retained earnings		208.9			189.6			228.2			236.2
Treasury stock, at cost (5,446,437 and 5,205,150 shares, respectively)		(62.2	)		(56.9	)
Treasury stock, at cost (6,285,479 and 5,419,446 shares, respectively)								(72.2	)		(61.9	)
Total stockholders' equity		619.7			601.3			616.7			645.9
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	1,652.6		$	1,541.9		$	1,584.0		$	1,617.7

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

For the ~~six~~three months ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2020 and 2019 ~~and 2018~~

	Six Months Ended June 30,						Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018			2020			2019
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net income (loss)	$	19.3		$	(0.3	)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash used for operating activities:
Asset impairment expense		—			0.4
Net loss							$	(7.8	)	$	(26.7	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash used for operating activities:
Depreciation		17.4			18.2			9.0			8.8
Amortization of intangible assets		0.2			0.2			0.1			0.1
Amortization of deferred financing fees		0.8			0.9			0.4			0.4
Loss on debt extinguishment		25.0			—			—			25.0
Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment		—			(2.2	)
(Gain) loss on sale of property, plant and equipment								(0.1	)		0.4
Other		6.0			0.7			3.4			3.7
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable		(222.6	)		(273.9	)		(5.6	)		(195.7	)
Inventories		(106.5	)		(79.5	)		(88.5	)		(94.5	)
Notes receivable		(2.3	)		8.3			2.6			—
Other assets		26.1			0.3			(1.7	)		14.1
Accounts payable		22.1			69.2			28.1			26.6
Accrued expenses and other liabilities		(20.9	)		(10.6	)		(18.5	)		(29.5	)
Net cash used for operating activities		(235.4	)		(268.3	)		(78.6	)		(267.3	)

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Capital expenditures		(9.7	)		(15.2	)		(3.6	)		(4.4	)
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets		4.8			8.4			0.1			4.8
Cash receipts on sold accounts receivable		126.3			238.0			—			126.3
Net cash provided by investing activities		121.4			231.2
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities								(3.5	)		126.7

Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Proceeds from revolving credit facility		82.8			—			—			58.0
Payments on revolving credit facility		(82.8	)		—			—			(25.0	)
Payments on long-term debt		(276.6	)		—			—			(277.8	)
Proceeds from long-term debt		300.0			—			—			300.0
Other debt - net		1.9			(3.0	)		(0.5	)		—
Debt issuance costs		(8.2	)		—			—			(5.6	)
Exercises of stock options		0.1			2.0			0.1			0.1
Common stock repurchases		(7.4	)		—			(12.0	)		—
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities		9.8			(1.0	)		(12.4	)		49.7

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash		(1.1	)		(1.2	)		(1.3	)		(0.4	)

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents		(105.3	)		(39.3	)		(95.8	)		(91.3	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		140.3			123.0			199.3			140.3
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	35.0		$	83.7		$	103.6		$	49.0

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

	March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019
Common Stock - Shares Outstanding
Balance at beginning of period		35,374,537			35,588,833
Stock options exercised		11,250			58,404
Restricted stock, net		118,009			145,482
Performance shares issued		66,419			54,860
Common stock repurchases		(1,061,711	)		(473,042	)
Balance at end of period		34,508,504			35,374,537
Common Stock - Par Value
Balance at beginning of period	$	0.4		$	0.4
Balance at end of period	$	0.4		$	0.4
Additional Paid-in Capital
Balance at beginning of period	$	592.2		$	584.8
Stock options exercised and issuance of other stock awards		(1.9	)		(2.1	)
Stock-based compensation		3.4			9.5
Balance at end of period	$	593.7		$	592.2
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance at beginning of period	$	(121.0	)	$	(116.6	)
Other comprehensive loss		(12.4	)		(4.4	)
Balance at end of period	$	(133.4	)	$	(121.0	)
Retained Earnings
Balance at beginning of period	$	236.2		$	189.6
Adoption of accounting standard updates		(0.2	)		—
Net income (loss)		(7.8	)		46.6
Balance at end of period	$	228.2		$	236.2
Treasury Stock
Balance at beginning of period	$	(61.9	)	$	(56.9	)
Stock options exercised and issuance of other stock awards		1.7			2.4
Common stock repurchases		(12.0	)		(7.4	)
Balance at end of period	$	(72.2	)	$	(61.9	)
Total equity	$	616.7		$	645.9

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

June 30,
2019

December 31,
2018

Common Stock - Shares Outstanding

Balance at beginning of period

35,588,833

35,273,864

Stock options exercised

34,979

95,019

Restricted stock, net

141,916

165,404

Performance shares issued

54,860

54,546

Common stock repurchases

(473,042
)

—

Balance at end of period

35,347,546

35,588,833

Common Stock - Par Value

Balance at beginning of period

$
0.4

$
0.4

Balance at end of period

$
0.4

$
0.4

Additional Paid-in Capital

Balance at beginning of period

$
584.8

$
577.6

Stock options exercised and issuance of other stock awards

(2.1
)

(1.0
)
Stock-based compensation

6.1

8.2

Balance at end of period

$
588.8

$
584.8

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Balance at beginning of period

$
(116.6
)

$
(97.4
)
Other comprehensive income (loss)

0.4

(19.2
)
Balance at end of period

$
(116.2
)

$
(116.6
)
Retained Earnings

Balance at beginning of period - As reported

$
189.6

$
256.7

Net income (loss)

19.3

(67.1
)
Balance at end of period

$
208.9

$
189.6

Treasury Stock

Balance at beginning of period

$
(56.9
)

$
(59.8
)
Stock options exercised and issuance of other stock awards

2.1

2.9

Common stock repurchases

(7.4
)

—

Balance at end of period

$
(62.2
)

$
(56.9
)
Total equity

$
619.7

$
601.3

~~The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.~~

For the three ~~and six~~ months ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2020 and 2019 ~~and 2018~~

The Manitowoc Company, Inc. (“~~Manitowoc,” “MTW” or~~Manitowoc” and the “Company”) was founded in 1902 and has over a ~~116-year~~117-year tradition of providing high-quality, customer-focused products and support services to its markets. Manitowoc is one of the ~~world's~~world’s leading providers of engineered lifting solutions. Manitowoc, through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, designs, manufactures, markets, and supports comprehensive product lines of mobile telescopic cranes, tower cranes, lattice-boom crawler cranes, and boom trucks under the Grove, Manitowoc, National Crane, Potain, Shuttlelift and Manitowoc Crane Care brand names. The Company serves a wide variety of customers, including dealers, rental companies, contractors, and government entities, across the petrochemical, industrial, commercial construction, power and utilities, infrastructure and residential construction end markets. Additionally, its Manitowoc Crane Care offering leverages Manitowoc's installed base of approximately 149,000 cranes to provide aftermarket parts and services to enable its customers to manage their fleets more effectively and improve their return on investment. Due to the ongoing and predictable maintenance needed by cranes, as well as the high cost of crane downtime, Manitowoc Crane Care provides the Company with a consistent stream of recurring revenue.

The Company has ~~three~~3 reportable segments, the Americas segment, Europe and Africa (“EURAF”) segment and Middle East and Asia Pacific (“MEAP”) segment. The segments were identified using the “management approach,” which designates the internal organization that is used by management for making operating decisions and assessing performance. Refer to Note ~~14,~~17, “Segments” for additional information.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the results of operations and comprehensive income for the three ~~and six~~ months ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2020 and 2019, ~~and 2018,~~ the cash flows for the same ~~six-month~~three-month periods and the financial position and equity at ~~June 30, 2019~~March 31, 2020 and December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, and except as otherwise discussed, such adjustments consist of only those of a normal recurring nature. The interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year and do not contain information included in the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements and notes for the year ended December 31, ~~2018.~~2019. Certain information and footnote disclosures, normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted ~~accounting principles,~~in the United States (“GAAP”), have been condensed or omitted pursuant to Securities and Exchange Commission rules and regulations dealing with interim financial statements. However, the Company believes that the disclosures made in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included herein are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. It is suggested that these financial statements be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company’s latest annual report on Form 10-K.

During the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company identified an adjustment to the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The adjustment related to the treatment of cash receipts on sold accounts receivable, whereby the Company had overstated cash flows provided by investing activities and understated cash flows used for operating activities by approximately $12.7 million. In evaluating whether the Company’s previously issued consolidated financial statements were materially misstated, the Company considered the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 250, “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections” and ASC Topic 250-10-S99-1, “Assessing Materiality.” The Company determined that this error was not material to the Company’s prior period consolidated financial statements and therefore, amending the previously filed report was not required, however this adjustment has been reflected in this filing.

~~Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.~~ All dollar amounts, except share amounts, are in millions of dollars throughout the tables in these notes unless otherwise indicated.

During the first quarter of 2020, the outbreak of COVID-19 spread throughout the world and became a global pandemic. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, various national, state, and local governments where the Company, its suppliers and customers operate have implemented numerous measures to try to contain the virus, such as travel bans and restrictions, border closings, restrictions on public gatherings, quarantining of people who may have been exposed to the virus, shelter-in-place restrictions, and limitations or shutdowns of business operations. The Company has significant operations worldwide, including in the United States, France, Germany, Portugal, Italy and China and each of these countries has been affected by the outbreak and taken measures to try to contain it, resulting in disruptions at some of the Company’s manufacturing facilities and support operations. Although the Company continues to operate in the United States as an essential business, certain facilities around the world were closed at some point throughout the quarter.

There is considerable uncertainty regarding the impact, and expected duration, of the pandemic, and restrictions on the Company’s access to its facilities or on its support operations or workforce, or similar limitations for its customers, dealers and suppliers. There is no certainty that measures taken by governmental authorities will be sufficient to mitigate the risks posed by the virus, and the Company’s ability to perform critical functions could be harmed. This uncertainty could have an impact in future periods on certain estimates used in the preparation of the Company’s first quarter financial results, including, but not limited to, impairment of goodwill and other long-lived assets, income tax provision, recoverability of inventory and hedge accounting with respect to forecasted future transactions.

In December 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2019-12 “Income Taxes (Topic 740).” The amendments in this ASU simplify accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740. The amendments also improve consistent application of and simplify GAAP for other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of the ASU will have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15 “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other – Internal-use Software (Subtopic 250-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract.” The amendments in this ASU align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The adoption of the ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses,” which requires the Company to measure all expected credit losses for financial instruments held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable supportable forecasts. The new guidance is applicable to financial assets measured at amortized cost, net investments in leases and certain off-balance sheet credit exposures. The standard was effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The adoption of the ASU resulted in a $0.2 million reduction in beginning retained earnings and a corresponding reduction in accounts receivable on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2020. There was no material impact to the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations or Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

The Company records deferred ~~revenues~~revenue when cash payments are received or due in advance of performance, including amounts which are refundable. The table below shows the change in the customer advances balance for the three ~~and six~~ months ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2020 and 2019 ~~and 2018.~~which are included in current liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Disaggregation of the Company’s revenue sources are disclosed in Note ~~14,~~17, “Segments.”

~~The components of inventories as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are summarized as follows:~~

The Company has notes receivable balances that are classified as current or long-term based on the timing of amounts due. Long-term notes receivable are included within other long-term assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Current and long-term notes receivable balances primarily relate to the Company’s captive finance entity in China. The Company also has a long-term note receivable balance related to the 2014 sale of Manitowoc Dong Yue. As of June 30, 2019, the Company had current and long-term notes receivable in the amount of $17.9 million and $20.8 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2018, the Company had current and long-term notes receivable in the amount of $19.4 million and $17.0 million, respectively.

~~The components of property, plant and equipment at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are summarized as follows:~~

The Company has classified the Manitowoc, Wisconsin manufacturing buildings and land as held for sale on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. The net book value of assets held for sale were $8.8 million and $12.9 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, and are included in other current assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. During the first quarter of 2019, a portion of the manufacturing site was sold which resulted in a decrease in assets held for sale.

The Company performs an annual impairment review during the fourth quarter of every year, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. There have been no impairment indicators since the fourth quarter of 2018; therefore, no impairment review has occurred during the six months ended June 30, 2019.

~~The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2018 and the six months ended June 30, 2019 are summarized as follows:~~

Other intangible assets with definite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Definite lived intangible assets are also subject to impairment testing whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the assets may not be recoverable.

~~The gross carrying amount, accumulated amortization and net book value of the Company’s intangible assets other than goodwill at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are summarized as follows:~~

June 30, 2019

December 31, 2018

Gross
Carrying
Amount

Accumulated
Amortization

Net
Book
Value

Gross
Carrying
Amount

Accumulated
Amortization

Net
Book
Value

Trademarks and tradenames

$
96.2

$
—

$
96.2

$
96.7

$
—

$
96.7

Customer relationships

10.2

(8.5
)

1.7

10.1

(8.4
)

1.7

Patents

29.7

(28.8
)

0.9

29.8

(29.0
)

0.8

Engineering drawings

10.5

(10.5
)

—

10.5

(10.5
)

—

Distribution network

18.9

(0.1
)

18.8

19.0

(0.1
)

18.9

Total

$
165.5

$
(48.0
)

$
117.5

$
166.1

$
(48.0
)

$
118.1

Amortization expense for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 was $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively. Amortization expense for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 was $0.2 million and $0.2 million, respectively.

The Company also reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset's carrying amount may not be recoverable. The Company conducts its long-lived asset impairment analyses in accordance with ASC Topic 360-10-5, “Property, Plant and Equipment.” ASC Topic 360-10-5 requires the Company to group assets and liabilities at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities and to evaluate the asset group against the sum of the undiscounted future cash flows. Property, plant and equipment are depreciated over the estimated useful lives of the assets using the straight-line depreciation method for financial reporting and on accelerated methods for income tax purposes.

~~Accounts payable and accrued expenses at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are summarized as follows:~~

~~Outstanding debt at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 is summarized as follows:~~

On March 25, 2019, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into an indenture with U.S. Bank National Association as trustee and notes collateral agent, pursuant to which the Company issued $300.0 million aggregate principal amount senior secured second lien notes due on April 1, 2026 with an annual coupon rate of 9.000% (the “2026 Notes”). Interest on the 2026 Notes is payable in cash semi-annually in arrears on April 1 and October 1 of each year. The 2026 Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior secured second lien basis, jointly and severally, by each of the Company’s existing and future domestic subsidiaries that is either a guarantor or a borrower under the ABL Revolving Credit Facility (as defined below) or that guarantees certain other debt of the Company or a guarantor. The 2026 Notes and the related guarantees are secured on a second-priority basis, subject to certain exceptions and permitted liens, by pledges of capital stock and other equity interests and other security interests in substantially all of the personal property and fee-owned real property of the Company and of the guarantors that secure obligations under the ABL Revolving Credit Facility. The 2026 Notes were sold pursuant to exemptions from registration under the Securities Act of 1933.

~~Additionally, on March 25, 2019,~~the Company and certain subsidiaries of the Company (the “Loan Parties”) entered into a credit agreement (the “ABL Credit Agreement”) with JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A as administrative and collateral agent, and certain financial institutions party thereto as lenders, providing for a senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility (the “ABL Revolving Credit Facility”) of up to $275.0 million. The borrowing capacity under the ABL Revolving Credit Facility is based on the value of inventory, accounts receivable and fixed assets of the Loan Parties. The Loan Parties’ obligations under the ABL Revolving Credit Facility are secured on a first-priority bases, subject to certain exceptions and permitted liens, by substantially all of the personal property and fee-owned real property of the Loan Parties. The liens securing the ABL Revolving Credit Facility are senior in priority to the second-priority liens securing the obligations under the 2026 Notes and the related guarantees. The ABL Revolving Credit Facility has a term of 5 years and includes a $75.0 million letter of credit sub-facility, $10.0 million of which is available to the Company’s German subsidiary that is a borrower under the ABL Revolving Credit Facility.

The Company used the initial extension of credit under the ABL Revolving Credit Facility, together with the net proceeds from the offering of the 2026 Notes, to (i) redeem all of the Company’s $260.0 million in outstanding 12.750% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2021 (the “Prior 2021 Notes”); (ii) repay all obligations outstanding, and terminate all commitments, under (x) the Company’s previous $225.0 million ABL Revolving Credit Facility (“Prior ABL Facility”) and (y) $75.0 million AR Securitization Facility; and (iii) pay related fees and expenses, including $16.6 million of call premium on the Prior 2021 Notes, $5.0 million of closing costs and $4.6 million of accrued interest.

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company recorded a $25.0 million charge in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations associated with the Company’s refinancing of the ABL Revolving Credit Facility and 2026 Notes. The charge is composed of $16.6 million of call premium on the Prior 2021 Notes, $5.3 million of unamortized discount on the Prior 2021 Notes and $3.1 million of unamortized debt issuance costs.

As of June 30, 2019, the Company had other indebtedness outstanding of $23.2 million that had a weighted-average interest rate of approximately 4.625%. This debt includes balances on local credit lines and other financing arrangements.

The Company had no borrowings on the ABL Revolving Credit Facility as of June 30, 2019 and no borrowings on the Prior ABL Facility as of December 31, 2018. During the quarter ended June 30, 2019, the highest daily borrowing under either the ABL Revolving Credit Facility or the Prior ABL Facility was $39.7 million and the average amount borrowed was $23.0 million, while the average annual interest rate was 3.982%. The interest rate of the ABL Revolving Credit Facility fluctuates based on excess availability. As of June 30, 2019, the spreads for London Interbank Offered Rate and prime rate borrowings

~~were~~ ~~1.25% and~~ ~~0.00%, respectively, with excess availability of approximately $271.0~~ ~~million, which represents revolver borrowing capacity of $275.0~~ ~~million less U.S. letters of credit outstanding of $4.0~~ ~~million.~~

Additionally, the ABL Revolving Credit Facility contains a covenant requiring the Company to maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio under certain circumstances set forth in the ABL Credit Agreement.

As of June 30, 2019, the Company was in compliance with all affirmative and negative covenants in its debt instruments, inclusive of the financial covenants pertaining to the ABL Revolving Credit Facility and 2026 Notes.

The Company had maintained a Receivables Purchase Agreement (“RPA”) among Manitowoc Funding, LLC (“MTW Funding”), as Seller, The Manitowoc Company, Inc., as Servicer, and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as Purchaser and as Agent, with a commitment size of $75.0 million. Under the RPA (and the related Purchase and Sale Agreements referenced in the RPA), the Company’s domestic trade accounts receivable were sold to MTW Funding which, in turn, sold, conveyed, transferred and assigned to a third-party financial institution (“Purchaser”), all of MTW Funding’s rights, title and interest in a pool of receivables to the Purchaser. Transactions under the program are accounted for as sales in accordance with ASC Topic 860, “Transfers and Servicing.” This program was terminated on March 25, 2019.

Trade accounts receivable sold to the Purchaser and being serviced by the Company totaled zero and $149.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. Trade receivables sold to the Purchaser and being serviced by the Company totaled $223.4 million and $384.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. Cash proceeds received from customers related to the receivables previously sold for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 were zero and $182.8 million, respectively. Cash proceeds received from customers related to the receivables previously sold for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 were $179.9 million and $343.0 million, respectively.

Sales of trade receivables under the program reflected as a reduction of accounts receivable in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets were zero and $75.0 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The proceeds received from the sale of trade receivables under the program were included in cash flows from operating activities; whereas cash collections related to the deferred purchase price were classified as cash flows from investing activities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The Company deemed the interest rate risk related to the deferred purchase price notes to be de minimis, primarily because the average collection cycle of the related receivables is less than 60 days; and as such, the fair value of the Company’s deferred purchase price notes approximates book value. The fair value of the deferred purchase price notes recorded as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was zero and $71.5 million, respectively, and is included in accounts receivable in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. For the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 non-cash investing activities related to the increase in the deferred purchase price was zero and $263.8 million, respectively.

~~The Company has two non-U.S. accounts receivable financing programs. Under these financing programs, the Company sold~~ €27.0 million of receivables and received €27.0 million of cash on the sold receivables for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019. The maximum availability under these programs is €45 million.

For the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded income tax expense of $3.9 million and income tax benefit of $1.2 million, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded income tax expense of $7.2 million and $2.7 million, respectively. The increase in the Company’s tax expense for the six months ended June 30, 2019 relative to the prior year relates primarily to the discrete tax benefit of $4.8 million recorded during the prior year.

The Company will continue to evaluate its valuation allowance requirements on an ongoing basis in light of changing facts and circumstances and may adjust its deferred tax asset valuation allowances accordingly, and it is reasonably possible that the Company will either add to or reverse a portion of its existing deferred tax asset valuation allowances in the future. Such changes in the deferred tax asset valuation allowances will be reflected in the current operations through the Company’s income tax provision and could have a material effect on operating results.

~~The Company’s unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, were $12.9 million and $12.8 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.~~

Basic income (loss) per common share is computed as net income (loss) divided by the basic weighted average common shares outstanding of 35.6 million shares for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 35.5 million and 35.4 million shares for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. The calculation of diluted income (loss) per common share includes the effect of any dilutive equity incentive instruments. The Company uses the treasury stock method to calculate the effect of outstanding dilutive equity incentive instruments, which requires the Company to compute total proceeds as the sum of the amount the employee must pay upon exercise of the award and the amount of unearned stock-based compensation costs attributable to future services.

Equity incentive instruments for which the total employee proceeds from exercise exceed the average fair value of the same equity incentive instrument over the period have an anti-dilutive effect on income per common share during periods with net income, and accordingly, the Company excludes them from the calculation. Anti-dilutive equity instruments of approximately 1,515,430 and 188,885 common shares were excluded from the computation of diluted net income per common share for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Anti-dilutive equity instruments of approximately 1,556,298 were excluded from the computation of diluted net income per common share for the six months ended June 30, 2019. Due to the net loss incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2018, the assumed exercise of all equity incentive instruments was anti-dilutive and, therefore, not included in the diluted loss per common share calculation for those periods.

~~The following is a reconciliation of the average shares outstanding used to compute basic and diluted income (loss) per common share:~~

~~No cash dividends were paid during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.~~

~~Authorized capital consists of 75 million shares of $0.01 par value common stock and 3.5 million shares of $0.01 par value preferred stock. None of the preferred shares have been issued.~~

As of June 30, 2019, the Company has authorization to purchase up to $30.0 million of the Company’s common stock at management’s discretion. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company purchased $7.4 million of the Company’s common stock under this authorization.

~~A reconciliation for the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, by component for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 are summarized as follows:~~

Gains and Losses on
Cash Flow Hedges

Pension &
Postretirement

Foreign Currency
Translation

Total

Balance at December 31, 2018

$
(0.3
)

$
(36.2
)

$
(80.1
)

$
(116.6
)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before
   reclassifications

(0.7
)

0.1

(2.5
)

(3.1
)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other
   comprehensive loss

0.8

0.4

—

1.2

Net other comprehensive income (loss)

0.1

0.5

(2.5
)

(1.9
)
Balance at March 31, 2019

(0.2
)

(35.7
)

(82.6
)

(118.5
)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before
   reclassifications

(0.3
)

0.1

1.2

1.0

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other
   comprehensive loss

0.9

0.4

—

1.3

Net other comprehensive income

0.6

0.5

1.2

2.3

Balance at June 30, 2019

$
0.4

$
(35.2
)

$
(81.4
)

$
(116.2
)

Gains and Losses on
Cash Flow Hedges

Pension &
Postretirement

Foreign Currency
Translation

Total

Balance at December 31, 2017

$
0.1

$
(45.1
)

$
(52.4
)

$
(97.4
)
Other comprehensive income before
   reclassifications

—

0.1

11.4

11.5

Amounts reclassified from accumulated
   other comprehensive loss

—

0.6

—

0.6

Net other comprehensive income

—

0.7

11.4

12.1

Balance at March 31, 2018

0.1

(44.4
)

(41.0
)

(85.3
)
Other comprehensive loss before
   reclassifications

(3.6
)

(0.1
)

(26.8
)

(30.5
)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other
   comprehensive loss

0.3

0.8

—

1.1

Net other comprehensive income (loss)

(3.3
)

0.7

(26.8
)

(29.4
)
Balance at June 30, 2018

$
(3.2
)

$
(43.7
)

$
(67.8
)

$
(114.7
)

~~A reconciliation of the reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 are summarized as follows:~~

Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Three Months Ended
June 30,

Six Months Ended
June 30,

2019

2018

2019

2018

Recognized
Location
Losses on cash flow hedges

Foreign currency contracts

$
(0.9
)

$
(0.3
)

$
(1.7
)

$
(0.3
)

Cost of sales
Total before income taxes

(0.9
)

(0.3
)

(1.7
)

(0.3
)

Income tax benefit

—

—

—

—

Total, net of income taxes

$
(0.9
)

$
(0.3
)

$
(1.7
)

$
(0.3
)

Amortization of pension and
postretirement items

Actuarial losses

$
(1.1
)

$
(1.4
)

$
(2.2
)

$
(2.8
)
(a)

Other income (expense) - net
Amortization of prior service cost

0.7

0.7

1.4

1.4

(a)

Other income (expense) - net
Total before income taxes

(0.4
)

(0.7
)

(0.8
)

(1.4
)

Income tax provision

—

(0.1
)

—

—

Total, net of income taxes

$
(0.4
)

$
(0.8
)

$
(0.8
)

$
(1.4
)

Total reclassifications for the period,
net of income taxes

$
(1.3
)

$
(1.1
)

$
(2.5
)

$
(1.7
)

The Company’s 2013 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2013 Plan”) was approved by shareholders on May 7, 2013 and replaced several of the Company's incentive plans (collectively referred to as the “Prior Plans”). No new awards may be granted under the Prior Plans; however, outstanding awards under the Prior Plans will continue in force and effect pursuant to their terms. The 2013 Plan provides for both short-term and long-term incentive awards for employees and non-employee directors. Stock-based awards may take the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock (“RSAs”), restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and performance shares or performance unit awards. The total number of shares of the Company’s common stock available for awards under the 2013 Plan is 7,477,395 shares. The total number of shares of the Company’s common stock still available for issuance as of June 30, 2019 is 4,981,582 shares.

Stock-based compensation expense was $3.0 million and $1.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Stock-based compensation expense was $6.1 million and $4.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense over the awards' vesting period.

No options to acquire shares of common stock were granted to employees during the three months ended June 30, 2019. Options to acquire 24,208 shares of common stock were granted to employees during the three months ended June 30, 2018. Options to acquire 210,243 and 187,484 shares of common stock were granted to employees during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The options granted in 2019 and 2018 become exercisable in three annual increments over a three-year period beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date and expire 10 years subsequent to the grant date.

During the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, 2,000 and 26,710 RSUs, respectively, were issued by the Company to employees. A total of 178,371 and 57,930 RSUs were issued by the Company to employees during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The RSUs granted to employees in 2019 vest in three annual increments over a three-year period beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date. RSUs granted prior to 2019 vest on the third anniversary of the grant date.

months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Performance shares are earned based on the extent to which performance goals are met over the applicable performance period. The performance goals and the applicable performance period vary for each grant year. The performance goals for the performance shares granted in 2019 and 2018 are based on 50% on total shareholder return relative to peers during the three-year performance period and 50% on Adjusted EBITDA percentage from continuing operations in 2021 and 2020, respectively. Depending on the foregoing factors, the number of shares earned could range from zero to two times the amount of performance shares outstanding.

The Company did not issue any equity grants to directors during the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. A total of 50,673 and 22,936 equity grants were issued to directors during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The 2019 and 2018 equity grants vested immediately upon the grant date.

The Company reports segment information based on the “management” approach. The management approach designates the internal reporting used by the CEO, who is also the Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), for making decisions about the allocation of resources and assessing performance as the source of the Company’s reportable operating segments.

The Company has three reportable segments: Americas, EURAF, and MEAP. The Americas operating segment includes the North American and South American continents. The EURAF operating segment includes the continents of Europe and Africa, excluding the Middle East region. The MEAP operating segment includes the Asia and Australian continents and the Middle East region.

The CODM evaluates the performance of its reportable segments based on net sales and operating income. Net sales for geographic segments are based on the geographic region that sells the products. Operating income for each segment includes net sales to third parties, cost of sales directly attributable to the segment, and operating expenses directly attributable to the segment. Manufacturing variances generated within each reportable segment are maintained in each segment’s operating income. Operating income for each segment excludes other income and expense and certain expenses managed outside the reportable operating segments. Costs excluded from segment operating income include various corporate expenses such as stock-based compensation expenses, income taxes, nonrecurring charges and other separately managed general and administrative costs. The Company does not include intercompany sales between segments for management reporting purposes.

~~The following table shows information by reportable segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:~~

Three Months Ended
June 30,

Six Months Ended
June 30,

2019

2018

2019

2018

Net Sales

Americas

$
264.6

$
227.3

$
470.7

$
390.2

EURAF

182.6

191.2

336.8

345.4

MEAP

57.5

76.8

115.2

145.8

Total

$
504.7

$
495.3

$
922.7

$
881.4

Segment Operating Income

Americas

$
35.7

$
14.7

$
50.9

$
17.4

EURAF

1.7

8.1

5.1

11.5

MEAP

5.1

10.7

12.4

18.6

Total

$
42.5

$
33.5

$
68.4

$
47.5

Depreciation

Americas

$
3.5

$
3.6

$
7.1

$
7.1

EURAF

3.7

3.8

7.4

7.6

MEAP

0.7

1.0

1.4

2.0

Corporate

0.7

0.7

1.5

1.5

Total

$
8.6

$
9.1

$
17.4

$
18.2

Capital Expenditures

Americas

$
3.2

$
2.6

$
6.0

$
4.9

EURAF

1.6

4.6

2.4

7.0

MEAP

0.5

0.5

1.3

1.7

Corporate

—

1.1

—

1.6

Total

$
5.3

$
8.8

$
9.7

$
15.2

A reconciliation of the Company’s segment operating income to operating income in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 are summarized as follows:

~~Net sales by geographic area for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 are summarized as follows:~~

~~Net sales by product for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 are summarized as follows:~~

*Other revenue consists of revenue related to CraneCare services such as training and

~~ASC~~Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 820-10, “Fair Value Measurement,” defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC Topic 820-10 classifies the inputs used to measure fair value into the following hierarchy:

The following ~~table sets~~tables set forth the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that were recorded within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and accounted for at fair value as of ~~June 30, 2019~~March 31, 2020 and December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, by level within the fair value hierarchy. Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The fair value of the ~~Company's~~senior secured second lien notes due on April 1, 2026, ~~Notes~~with an annual coupon rate of 9.000% (the “2026 Notes”), was approximately ~~$299.9~~$266.0 million as of ~~June 30, 2019. The fair value of the Company’s Prior 2021 Notes was approximately $278.1 million as of December~~March 31, ~~2018.~~2020. See Note 8,11, “Debt,” for a description of the debt ~~instruments~~instrument and ~~their~~its related carrying ~~values.~~value.

The Company endeavors to utilize the best available information in measuring fair value. Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company estimates the fair value of its ~~Prior 2021 Notes and~~ 2026 Notes based on quoted market prices; because these markets are typically ~~thinly~~actively traded, the liabilities are classified as Level 21 within the valuation hierarchy. The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable ~~deferred purchase price notes on receivables sold (see Note 9, “Accounts Receivable Securitization”)~~ and short-term variable debt, including any amounts outstanding under the ~~ABL Revolving Credit Facility,~~revolving credit facility, approximate fair value, without being discounted as of ~~June 30, 2019~~March 31, 2020 and December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

Assets held for sale, included in other assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, were carried at the lesser of the original cost or fair value, less the estimated costs to sell. The fair values were determined by the Company to be Level 3 under the fair value hierarchy and were estimated based on broker quotes and other information related to current marketplace conditions. See Note 5, “Property, Plant and Equipment,” for a description of the assets held for sale and their related net book values.

~~As a result of its global operating and financing activities, the Company is exposed to market risks from changes in interest rates, foreign~~Forward currency exchange rates and commodity prices, which may adversely affect the Company’s operating results and financial position. When deemed appropriate, the Company attempts to minimize these risks through the use of derivative financial instruments. Derivative financial instruments are used to manage risk and are not used for trading or other speculative purposes, and the Company does not use leveraged derivative financial instruments. Foreign currency exchange, commodity and interest rate contracts (“FX Forward Contracts”) are valued through an independent valuation source ~~that~~which uses an industry standard data provider, with resulting valuations periodically validated through third-party or counterparty quotes. As such, these derivative instruments are classified within Level 2. See Note ~~21,~~5, “Derivative Financial Instruments” for additional information.

The Company’s risk management objective is to ensure that business exposures to risks are minimized using the most effective and efficient methods to eliminate, reduce, or transfer such exposures. Operating decisions consider these associated risks and, whenever possible, transactions are structured to avoid or mitigate these risks.

From time to time, the Company enters into FX Forward Contracts to manage the exposure on forecasted transactions denominated in non-functional currencies and to manage the risk of transaction gains and losses associated with assets/liabilities in currencies other than the functional currency of certain subsidiaries. Certain of these FX Forward Contracts are designated as cash flow hedges. To the extent these derivatives are effective in offsetting the variability of the hedged cash flows, changes in the derivatives’ fair value are not included in current earnings but are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). These changes in fair value are reclassified into earnings as a component of cost of sales, as applicable, when the forecasted transaction impacts earnings. In addition, if the forecasted transaction is no longer probable, the cumulative change in the derivatives’ fair value is recorded as a component of other income expense – net in the period in which the transaction is no longer considered probable of occurring. No amounts were recorded related to these types of transactions during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

The Company had FX Forward Contracts with an aggregate notional amount of $24.4 million and $32.6 million outstanding as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The aggregate notional amount outstanding as of March 31, 2020 is scheduled to mature within one year. The FX Forward Contracts purchased are denominated in Euros. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the net fair value of these contracts was a net current liability of $0.1 million and a net 0 balance, respectively. There was 0 unrealized gains (losses), net of income tax, recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

The following table provides the amount of gain or losses recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for FX Forward Contracts for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

The components of inventories as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are summarized as follows:

The Company has notes receivable balances that are classified as current or long-term based on the timing of amounts due. Long-term notes receivable are included within other non-current assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Current and long-term notes receivable balances primarily relate to the Company’s captive finance entity in China. The Company also has a long-term note receivable balance related to the 2014 sale of Manitowoc Dong Yue. During 2019, the Company recorded $2.8 million related to the write down of the note with Manitowoc Dong Yue to the anticipated collection amount. As of March 31, 2020, the Company had current and long-term notes receivable in the amount of $15.1 million and $16.0 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2019, the Company had current and long-term notes receivable in the amount of $17.4 million and $16.3 million, respectively.

The components of property, plant and equipment at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are summarized as follows:

Property, plant and equipment are depreciated over the asset’s estimated useful lives using the straight-line depreciation method for financial reporting and accelerated methods for income tax purposes.

The Company performs an annual impairment review of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets during the fourth quarter, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. The Company considered the deterioration in general economic and market conditions due to the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on each of the Company’s reporting units’ performance. Despite the significant excess fair value identified in the 2019 annual impairment assessment, the Company determined that due to the decline in the Company’s market capitalization as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, a triggering event was identified during the first quarter of 2020. Therefore, the Company qualitatively assessed whether it was more likely than not that the goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets were impaired as of March 31, 2020. Based on the Company’s review of its previous forecast and assumptions of its long-term revenue growth and operating income projections, including the duration and extent of the COVID-19 impact to the business, current discount rates, volatility in the Company’s market capitalization and macro-economic conditions, as well as the amount of excess of fair value over the carrying value of the reporting units in the 2019 annual impairment assessment, the Company concluded that the fair value of each reporting unit was in excess of its carrying amount as of March 31, 2020. However, the Company is unable to predict future changes in such circumstances, including a more prolonged and/or severe COVID-19 pandemic than anticipated, or future changes in the variables associated with management’s judgements and assumptions used to assess the fair value of the reporting units, which could require the Company to record a non-cash impairment charge in the future.

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2019 and the three months ended March 31, 2020 are summarized as follows:

Other intangible assets with definite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives.

The gross carrying amount, accumulated amortization and net book value of the Company’s intangible assets other than goodwill at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are summarized as follows:

Amortization expense for each of the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 was $0.1 million.

Definite lived intangible assets and long-lived assets are subject to impairment testing whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the assets may not be recoverable.

Accounts payable and accrued expenses at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are summarized as follows:

Outstanding debt at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are summarized as follows:

On March 25, 2019, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into an indenture with U.S. Bank National Association as trustee and notes collateral agent, pursuant to which the Company issued $300.0 million aggregate principal amount senior secured second lien notes due on April 1, 2026 with an annual coupon rate of 9.000%. Interest on the 2026 Notes is payable in cash semi-annually in arrears on April 1 and October 1 of each year. The 2026 Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior secured second lien basis, jointly and severally, by each of the Company’s existing and future domestic subsidiaries that is either a guarantor or a borrower under the ABL Revolving Credit Facility (as defined below) or that guarantees certain other debt of the Company or a guarantor. The 2026 Notes and the related guarantees are secured on a second-priority basis, subject to certain exceptions and permitted liens, by pledges of capital stock and other equity interests and other security interests in substantially all of the personal property and fee-owned real property of the Company and of the guarantors that secure obligations under the ABL Revolving Credit Facility. The 2026 Notes were sold pursuant to exemptions from registration under the Securities Act of 1933.

Additionally, on March 25, 2019, the Company and certain subsidiaries of the Company (the “Loan Parties”) entered into a credit agreement (the “ABL Credit Agreement”) with JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A as administrative and collateral agent and certain financial institutions party thereto as lenders, providing for a senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility (the “ABL Revolving Credit Facility”) of up to $275.0 million. The borrowing capacity under the ABL Revolving Credit Facility is based on the value of inventory, accounts receivable and fixed assets of the Loan Parties. The Loan Parties’ obligations under the ABL Revolving Credit Facility are secured on a first-priority bases, subject to certain exceptions and permitted liens, by substantially all of the personal property and fee-owned real property of the Loan Parties. The liens securing the ABL Revolving Credit Facility are senior in priority to the second-priority liens securing the obligations under the 2026 Notes and the related guarantees. The ABL Revolving Credit Facility has a term of 5 years and includes a $75.0 million letter of credit sub-facility, $10.0 million of which is available to the Company’s German subsidiary that is a borrower under the ABL Revolving Credit Facility.

Borrowings under the ABL Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at a variable rate using either the Alternative Base Rate or the Eurodollar and Overnight London Interbank Offer Rate (“LIBOR”). The variable interest rate is based upon the average quarterly availability as of the most recent determination date as follows:

The Company used the initial extension of credit under the ABL Revolving Credit Facility, together with the net proceeds from the offering of the 2026 Notes, to (i) redeem all of the Company’s $260.0 million in outstanding 12.750% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2021 (the “Prior 2021 Notes”); (ii) repay all obligations outstanding, and terminate all commitments, under the Company’s previous (x) $225.0 million ABL Revolving Credit Facility and (y) $75.0 million accounts receivable securitization facility; and (iii) pay related fees and expenses, including $16.6 million of call premium on the Prior 2021 Notes, $5.0 million of closing costs and $4.6 million of accrued interest.

During the three months ended March 31, 2019 the Company recorded a $25.0 million charge in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations associated with the Company’s refinancing of the ABL Revolving Credit Facility and 2026 Notes. The charge is composed of $16.6 million of call premium on the Prior 2021 Notes, $5.3 million of unamortized discount on the Prior 2021 Notes and $3.1 million of unamortized debt issuance costs.

As of March 31, 2020, the Company had outstanding $16.2 million of other indebtedness that has a weighted-average interest rate of approximately 5.14%. This debt includes balances on local credit lines and other financing arrangements.

At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had 0 borrowings on the ABL Revolving Credit Facility. As of March 31, 2020, the spreads for LIBOR and prime rate borrowings were 1.25% and 0.25%, respectively, with excess availability of approximately $240.2 million, which represents revolver borrowing capacity of $244.2 million less U.S. letters of credit outstanding of $4.0 million.

Both the ABL Revolving Credit Facility and the 2026 Notes include customary covenants which include, without limitation, restrictions on, the Company’s ability and the ability of the Company’s restricted subsidiaries to incur, assume or guarantee additional debt or issue certain preferred shares, pay dividends on or make other distributions in respect of the Company’s capital stock or make other restricted payments, make certain investments, sell or transfer certain assets, create liens on certain assets to secure debt, consolidate, merge, sell, or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets, enter into certain transactions with affiliates and designate the Company’s subsidiaries as unrestricted. Both the ABL Revolving Credit Facility and the 2026 Notes also include customary events of default. The ABL Revolving Credit Facility has customary representations and warranties including, as a condition to borrowing, that all such representations and warranties are true and correct, in all material respects, on the date of the borrowing, including representations as to no material adverse change in the Company’s business or financial condition since December 31, 2018.

As of March 31, 2020, the Company was in compliance with all affirmative and negative covenants in its debt instruments, inclusive of the financial covenants pertaining to the ABL Revolving Credit Facility and the 2026 Notes. Based upon management’s current plans and outlook, the Company believes it will be able to comply with these covenants during the subsequent twelve months.

The Company had maintained a Receivables Purchase Agreement (“RPA”) among Manitowoc Funding, LLC (“MTW Funding”), as Seller, The Manitowoc Company, Inc., as Servicer, and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as Purchaser and as Agent, with a commitment size of $75.0 million. Under the RPA (and the related Purchase and Sale Agreements referenced in the RPA), the Company’s domestic trade accounts receivable were sold to MTW Funding which, in turn, sold, conveyed, transferred and assigned to a third-party financial institution (“Purchaser”), all of MTW Funding's rights, title and interest in a pool of receivables to the Purchaser. Transactions under the program are accounted for as sales in accordance with ASC Topic 860, “Transfers and Servicing” (“Topic 860”). This program was terminated on March 25, 2019.

Trade accounts receivable sold to the Purchaser and being serviced by the Company totaled 0 and $149.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Cash proceeds received from customers related to the receivables previously sold for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 were 0 and $182.8 million, respectively.

Proceeds received from the sale of trade receivables under the program are included in cash flows from operating activities; whereas cash collections related to the deferred purchase price are classified as cash flows from investing activities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. For the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 non-cash investing activities related to the increase in the deferred purchase price was 0 million and $168.3 million, respectively.

The Company has two non-U.S. accounts receivable financing programs. During 2019, the Company increased the maximum availability under these programs from €45 million to €55 million. Under these financing programs, the Company has the ability to sell eligible receivables up to the maximum limit and can sell additional receivables as previously sold are collected. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company sold €36.5 million of receivables and received €36.5 million of cash on the sold receivables. The Company also has one U.S. accounts receivable financing program. Transactions under the U.S. and non-U.S. programs were accounted for as sales in accordance with Topic 860.

For the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded a provision for income taxes of $1.9 million and $3.3 million, respectively. The decrease in the Company’s provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2020 relative to the prior year primarily relates to reduced tax expense in foreign jurisdictions.

The Company will continue to evaluate its valuation allowance requirements on an ongoing basis in light of changing facts and circumstances and may adjust its deferred tax asset valuation allowances accordingly. It is reasonably possible that the Company will either add to or reverse a portion of its existing deferred tax asset valuation allowances in the future. Such changes in the deferred tax asset valuation allowances will be reflected in the Company’s income tax provision (benefit) and could have a material effect on financial results.

The Company’s unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, were $11.6 million as of March 31, 2020 and $11.5 million as of December 31, 2019.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Act (the “CARES Act”) was enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and among other things, provides tax relief to businesses. The Company is evaluating the CARES Act but does not expect it to impact current and deferred income tax balances; therefore, no resulting adjustments have been recorded to such balances as of March 31, 2020. As the Company completes its evaluation and further guidance is released regarding the CARES Act, the Company will record adjustments, as necessary, to its current and deferred income tax balances.

Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding of 35.1 million and 35.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

Equity incentive instruments for which total employee proceeds from exercise exceed the average fair value of the same equity incentive instrument over the period have an anti-dilutive effect on earnings per share during periods with net earnings, and accordingly, the Company excludes them from the calculation. Due to the net loss incurred during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the assumed exercise of all equity incentive instruments was anti-dilutive and, therefore, not included in the net diluted loss per share calculation for those periods.

The following is a reconciliation of the average shares outstanding used to compute basic and diluted earnings per share:

NaN cash dividends were paid during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

Authorized capital consists of 75 million shares of $0.01 par value common stock and 3.5 million shares of $0.01 par value preferred stock. NaN of the preferred shares have been issued.

As of March 31, 2020, the Company has authorization to repurchase up to $30.0 million of the Company’s common stock at management’s discretion. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company repurchased 1.1 million shares of the Company’s common stock for $12.0 million under this authorization. As of March 31, 2020, the Company had $10.6 million remaining under this authorization. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company suspended its share repurchase program to preserve its liquidity and manage cash flows.

A reconciliation of the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of income tax, by component for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 are summarized as follows:

	Gains and Losses on Cash Flow Hedges			Pension & Postretirement			Foreign Currency Translation			Total
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	(0.3	)	$	(36.2	)	$	(80.1	)	$	(116.6	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		(0.7	)		0.1			(2.5	)		(3.1	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss		0.8			0.4			—			1.2
Net other comprehensive income (loss)		0.1			0.5			(2.5	)		(1.9	)
Balance at March 31, 2019	$	(0.2	)	$	(35.7	)	$	(82.6	)	$	(118.5	)

Balance at December 31, 2019	$	—		$	(39.9	)	$	(81.1	)	$	(121.0	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		(0.1	)		1.1			(13.6	)		(12.6	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss		0.1			0.1			—			0.2
Net other comprehensive income (loss)		—			1.2			(13.6	)		(12.4	)
Balance at March 31, 2020	$	—		$	(38.7	)	$	(94.7	)	$	(133.4	)

A reconciliation of the reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of income tax, for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 are summarized as follows:

Long-term incentive compensation awards may be granted to certain eligible employees or non-employee directors. A detailed description of the awards granted prior to 2020 is included in the Company’s 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The total number of shares of the Company’s common stock available for awards under the 2013 Plan is 7,477,395 shares. The total number of shares of the Company’s common stock still available for issuance as of March 31, 2020 is 4,603,138 shares.

Stock-based compensation expense was $3.4 million and $3.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense over the awards' vesting period, subject to retirement, death or disability provisions of the 2013 Omnibus Incentive Plan.

Options to acquire 250,432 and 210,243 shares of common stock were granted to employees during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The options granted in 2020 and 2019 become exercisable in three annual increments over a three-year period beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date and expire 10 years subsequent to the grant date.

A total of 277,449 and 176,371 restricted stock units were issued by the Company to employees during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The restricted stock units granted to employees vest in three annual increments over a three-year period beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date.

A total of 321,599 and 228,037 performance shares were issued during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Performance shares cliff vest after three years and are earned based on the extent to which performance goals are met over the applicable performance period. The performance goals and the applicable performance period vary for each grant year. The performance goals for the performance shares granted in 2020 are based 100% on the 3-year average of the Company’s Adjusted EBITDA percentage from continuing operations from 2020 to 2022 and can be modified +/-20% based on total shareholder return relative to a defined peer group of companies during the three-year performance period. The performance goals for the performance shares granted in 2019 are based 50% on total shareholder return relative to a defined peer group of companies during the three-year performance period and 50% on the Company’s Adjusted EBITDA percentage from continuing operations in 2021. Depending on the foregoing factors, the number of shares earned could range from zero to two times the amount of performance shares outstanding on the vesting date.

The Company issued a total of 77,608 and 50,673 equity grants to directors during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The 2020 and 2019 equity grants vested immediately upon the grant date.

The Company reports segment information based on the “management” approach. The management approach designates the internal reporting used by the Chief Executive Officer, who is also the Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), for making decisions about the allocation of resources and assessing performance as the source of the Company’s reportable operating segments.

The Company has 3 reportable segments: Americas, EURAF, and MEAP. The Americas operating segment includes the North America and South America continents. The EURAF operating segment includes the continents of Europe and Africa continents, excluding the Middle East region. The MEAP operating segment includes the Asia and Australia continents and the Middle East region.

The CODM evaluates the performance of its reportable segments based on net sales and operating income. Segment net sales are recognized in the geographic region the product is sold. Operating income for each segment includes net sales to third parties, cost of sales directly attributable to the segment, and operating expenses directly attributable to the segment. Manufacturing variances generated within each operating segment are maintained in each segment’s operating income. Operating income for each segment excludes other income and expense and certain expenses managed outside the operating segments. Costs excluded from segment operating income include various corporate expenses such as stock-based compensation expenses, income taxes, nonrecurring charges and other separately managed general and administrative costs. The Company does not include intercompany sales between segments for management reporting purposes. The Company’s operating segments were identified as its reportable segments.

The following table shows information by reportable segment for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020			2019
Net Sales
Americas	$	156.2		$	206.1
EURAF		122.9			154.2
MEAP		50.1			57.7
Total	$	329.2		$	418.0
Segment Operating Income
Americas	$	9.1		$	15.2
EURAF		(0.4	)		3.4
MEAP		6.3			7.3
Total	$	15.0		$	25.9
Depreciation
Americas	$	4.0		$	3.6
EURAF		3.8			3.7
MEAP		0.5			0.7
Corporate		0.7			0.8
Total	$	9.0		$	8.8
Capital Expenditures
Americas	$	0.3		$	2.8
EURAF		3.3			0.8
MEAP		—			0.8
Corporate		—			—
Total	$	3.6		$	4.4

A reconciliation of the Company’s segment operating income to operating income in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 are summarized as follows:

Net sales by geographic area for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 are summarized as follows:

Net sales by product for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 are summarized as follows:

The Company is involved in various legal actions arising out of the normal course of business, which, taking into account the liabilities accrued and legal counsel’s evaluation of such actions, in the opinion of management, the ultimate resolution, individually and in the aggregate, is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

As of March 31, 2020, various product-related lawsuits were pending. To the extent permitted under applicable law, all of these are insured with self-insurance retention levels. The Company’s self-insurance retention levels vary by business and have fluctuated over the last 10 years. As of March 31, 2020, the largest self-insured retention level for new occurrences currently maintained by the Company is $2.0 million per occurrence and applies to product liability claims for cranes manufactured in the United States.

Product liability reserves, recorded within other liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were $11.1 million and $12.8 million, respectively. These reserves were estimated using a combination of actual case reserves and actuarial methods. Based on the Company’s experience in defending product liability claims, management believes the current reserves are adequate for estimated case resolutions on aggregate self-insured claims and insured claims. Any recoveries from insurance carriers are dependent upon the legal sufficiency of claims and solvency of insurance carriers.

At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had reserved $48.9 million and $48.6 million, respectively, for warranty claims included in product warranties and other non-current liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Certain of these warranty and other related claims involve legal matters in dispute that ultimately are resolved by negotiation, arbitration, or litigation. See Note 19, “Guarantees,” for further information.

The Company is involved in numerous lawsuits involving asbestos-related claims in which the Company is one of numerous defendants. After taking into consideration legal counsel’s evaluation of such actions, the current political environment with respect to asbestos related claims, and the liabilities accrued with respect to such matters, in the opinion of management, ultimate resolution is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows of the Company.

It is reasonably possible that the estimates for warranty costs, product liability, environmental remediation, asbestos-related claims and other various legal matters may change based upon new information that may arise or matters that are beyond the scope of the Company’s historical experience. Presently, there are no reliable methods to estimate the amount of any such potential changes.

Product liability reserves in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were $13.7 million and $16.3 million, respectively. These reserves were estimated using a combination of actual case reserves and

actuarial methods. Based on the Company’s experience in defending product liability claims, management believes the current reserves are adequate for estimated case resolutions on aggregate self-insured claims and insured claims. Any recoveries from insurance carriers are dependent upon the legal sufficiency of claims and solvency of insurance carriers.

On March 19, 2019, the Company agreed to settle a legal matter. During the three months ended June 30, 2019, the terms of the settlement were finalized resulting in a net $24.7 million gain. The Company recorded this settlement by recognizing income of $15.5 million in other income (expense) and a benefit of $9.2 million in engineering, selling and administrative expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations during the three months ended June 30, 2019.

The Company periodically enters into transactions with customers that provide for buyback commitments. The Company evaluates each agreement at ~~the~~ inception ~~of the order~~ to determine if the customer has a significant economic incentive to exercise the buyback option. If it is determined that the customer has a significant economic incentive to exercise that right, the revenue is deferred and the agreement is accounted for as a lease in accordance with ASC Topic 842 – “Leases,” (“Topic 842”). If it is determined that the customer does not have a significant economic incentive to exercise that right, then revenue is recognized when control of the product is transferred to the customer. The deferred revenue ~~included~~which includes buybacks and extended warranties recorded in ~~other current~~accounts payable and accrued expense and non-current liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, as of ~~June 30, 2019~~March 31, 2020 and December 31, ~~2018~~2019 was ~~$37.9~~$36.4 million and ~~$34.4~~$38.0 million, respectively. The total amount of buyback commitments given by the Company and outstanding ~~as of June 30, 2019~~at March 31, 2020 and December 31, ~~2018~~2019 was ~~$30.0~~$27.1 million and ~~$30.9~~$28.5 million, respectively. These amounts are not reduced for amounts the Company would recover from ~~the repossession~~repossessing and subsequent resale of the units. The buyback commitments expire at various times through ~~2025.~~2027.

As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had reserved $40.3 million and $38.5 million, respectively, for warranty claims included in product warranties as well as other non-current liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. In the normal course of business, the Company provides its customers a warranty covering workmanship, and in some cases materials, on products manufactured by the Company. Such warranties generally provide that products will be free from defects for periods ranging from 12 months to 60 months. If a product fails to comply with the Company’s warranty, the Company may be obligated, at its expense, to correct any defect by repairing or replacing such defective products. The Company provides for an estimate of costs that may be incurred under its warranty at the time product revenue is recognized. These costs primarily include labor and materials, as necessary, associated with repair or replacement. The primary factors that affect the Company’s warranty liability include the number of units shipped and historical and anticipated warranty claims. As these factors are impacted by actual experience and future expectations, the Company assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liability and adjusts the amounts as necessary.

Below is a table summarizing the warranty activity for the three ~~and six~~ months ended ~~June 30, 2019~~March 31, 2020 and ~~2018:~~2019:

Included in the warranty balance as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 is $12.6 million and $13.4 million, respectively, of long-term warranty which is recorded in other non-current liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company incurred $1.5 million and $4.5 million of restructuring expense, respectively. The costs for the three months ended March 31, 2020 related primarily to headcount reductions in Europe. Costs for the three months ended March 31, 2019, related primarily to headcount reductions in Europe and North America.

The following is a rollforward of the Company's restructuring accrual for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019:

The Company provides certain pension, health care and death benefits to eligible retirees and their dependents. The funding mechanism for such benefits varies based on the country where the retiree resides and receives benefits. Eligibility for pension coverage is based on retirement qualifications. Healthcare benefits may be subject to deductibles, co-payments and other limitations. The Company reserves the right to modify benefits unless prohibited by local laws or regulations.

The components of periodic benefit costs for the three ~~and six~~ months ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2020 and 2019 ~~and June 30, 2018~~ are summarized as follows:

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2019									Six Months Ended June 30, 2019									Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
							Postretirement									Postretirement									Postretirement
	U.S.			Non-U.S.			Health and			U.S.			Non-U.S.			Health and			U.S.			Non-U.S.			Health and
	Pension			Pension			Other			Pension			Pension			Other			Pension			Pension			Other
	Plans			Plans			Plans			Plans			Plans			Plans			Plans			Plans			Plans
Service cost - benefits earned during the period	$	—		$	0.5		$	0.1		$	—		$	1.0		$	0.2		$	—		$	0.5		$	0.1
Interest cost of projected benefit obligations		1.3			0.5			0.2			2.6			1.0			0.4			1.0			0.4			0.1
Expected return on plan assets		(1.1	)		(0.3	)		—			(2.2	)		(0.6	)		—			(1.3	)		(0.2	)		—
Amortization of prior service cost		—			—			(0.7	)		—			—			(1.4	)		—			—			(0.7	)
Amortization of actuarial net loss		0.8			0.3			—			1.6			0.6			—			0.7			0.4			—
Net periodic benefit costs	$	1.0		$	1.0		$	(0.4	)	$	2.0		$	2.0		$	(0.8	)	$	0.4		$	1.1		$	(0.5	)

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2018									Six Months Ended June 30, 2018									Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
							Postretirement									Postretirement									Postretirement
	U.S.			Non-U.S.			Health and			U.S.			Non-U.S.			Health and			U.S.			Non-U.S.			Health and
	Pension			Pension			Other			Pension			Pension			Other			Pension			Pension			Other
	Plans			Plans			Plans			Plans			Plans			Plans			Plans			Plans			Plans
Service cost - benefits earned during the period	$	—		$	0.5		$	0.1		$	—		$	1.0		$	0.2		$	—		$	0.5		$	0.1
Interest cost of projected benefit obligations		1.3			0.5			0.2			2.6			1.0			0.4			1.3			0.5			0.2
Expected return on plan assets		(1.5	)		(0.4	)		—			(3.0	)		(0.8	)		—			(1.1	)		(0.3	)		—
Amortization of prior service cost		—			—			(0.7	)		—			—			(1.4	)
Amortization of prior service costs																				—			—			(0.7	)
Amortization of actuarial net loss		0.8			0.4			0.2			1.6			0.8			0.4			0.8			0.3			—
Net periodic benefit costs	$	0.6		$	1.0		$	(0.2	)	$	1.2		$	2.0		$	(0.4	)	$	1.0		$	1.0		$	(0.4	)

The components of net periodic benefit cost other than the service cost component are included in ~~the line item “other income (expense)~~other expense - ~~net”~~net in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

During the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company incurred $2.7 million and $3.8 million of restructuring expense, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company incurred $7.2 million and $10.0 million of restructuring expense, respectively. The costs for the three months ended June 30, 2019 related primarily to costs associated with headcount reductions in India and Europe. Costs for the six months ended June 30, 2019 related primarily to headcount reductions in India, Europe and North America. Costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 related primarily to severance costs for the departure of an executive officer, costs associated with training of skilled labor as a result of the transfer of crawler crane production to Shady Grove, PA and costs associated with headcount reductions in Europe.

~~The following is a rollforward of the Company's restructuring accrual for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:~~

As of January 1, 2019, the Company adopted Topic 842 and elected to use the modified prospective approach, which does not require a retrospective restatement of prior years. The adoption of Topic 842 resulted in no cumulative catch-up to retained earnings. As part of the adoption, the Company applied the package of practical expedients which does not require the Company to reassess the lease classification for any expired or existing leases upon adoption of Topic 842.

The Company has operating leases for offices, warehouses, land for storage of cranes, vehicles, information technology equipment, and manufacturing equipment. The remaining lease terms are up to 24 years, some of which include options to extend the lease term for up to 10 years, and some which include options to terminate the lease within 1 year. Certain leases include one or more options to renew; the exercise of lease renewal options is at the Company’s discretion. The Company includes renewal option periods in the lease term when it is determined that the options are reasonably certain to be exercised. The Company’s financing leases have an immaterial impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements.

~~The components of lease expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 are summarized as follows:~~

~~Supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the six months ended June 30, 2019 are summarized as follows:~~

~~Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases as of June 30, 2019 are summarized as follows:~~

As of June 30, 2019, the Company’s operating leases have a weighted-average remaining lease term of 6.9 years and a weighted-average discount rate of 4.97%. Topic 842 requires a lessee to discount its unpaid lease obligations using the interest rate implicit in the lease, or if not readily determinable, the incremental borrowing rate. Generally, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate as the implicit rate cannot be determined. The Company’s incremental borrowing rate for a lease is the rate of interest, from within the applicable location of the leased asset, it would have to pay on a collateralized basis to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments under similar terms.

~~Maturities of operating lease liabilities as of June 30, 2019 are summarized as follows:~~

From time to time, the Company enters into foreign currency exchange contracts to manage the exposure on forecasted transactions denominated in non-functional currencies and to manage the risk of transaction gains and losses associated with assets/ liabilities in currencies other than the functional currency of certain subsidiaries. Certain of these foreign currency exchange contracts are designated as cash flow hedges. To the extent these derivatives are effective in offsetting the variability of the hedged cash flows, changes in the derivatives’ fair value are not included in current earnings but are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). These changes in fair value are reclassified into earnings as a component of cost of products sold, as applicable, when the forecasted transaction impacts earnings. In addition, if the forecasted transaction is no longer probable, the cumulative change in the derivatives’ fair value is recorded as a component of “Other income (expense), net” in the period in which the transaction is no longer considered probable of occurring. To the extent a previously designated hedging transaction is no longer an effective hedge, any ineffectiveness measured in the hedging relationship is recorded in earnings in the period in which it occurs.

The Company had foreign currency exchange contracts with an aggregate notional amount of $99.4 million and $76.8 million outstanding as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively with all of the $99.4 million scheduled to mature within one year. The aggregate notional amount of foreign currency exchange contracts hedges purchases denominated in Euros. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the fair value of these contracts were a current asset of $0.5 million and a net current liability of $1.7 million, respectively. The unrealized gains (losses), net of taxes, recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) were $0.3 million and $(0.4) million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. We anticipate reclassifying the unrealized gains as of June 30, 2019 to cost of goods sold over the next 12 months.

The following table provides the amount of gain or losses recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for foreign currency exchange contracts for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

In August 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2018-15 “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other – Internal-use Software (Subtopic 250-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract.” The amendments in this ASU align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is evaluating the impact the adoption this ASU will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07 “Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-based Payment Accounting,” which aligns the accounting for nonemployee share-based payments with employee share-based payments under Topic 718. The Company adopted this ASU as of January 1, 2019. The adoption of the ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02 “Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. This new standard permits an entity to reclassify to retained earnings the tax effects stranded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as a result of U.S. tax reform. The Company adopted this ASU as of January 1, 2019 and chose not to reclassify the stranded tax effects related to the U.S. tax reform change in the federal corporate tax rate from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to retained earnings. The Company has elected the portfolio approach to release stranded income tax effects in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12 “Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities,” which amends ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging.” The purpose of this ASU is to better align a company’s risk management activities and financial reporting for hedging relationships, simplify the hedge accounting requirements, and improve the disclosures of hedging arrangements. The Company adopted this ASU as of January 1, 2019. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-08 “Receivables - Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities,” to shorten the amortization period for the premium to the earliest call date instead of the contractual life of the instrument. The Company adopted this ASU as of January 1, 2019. The adoption of the ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses,” which requires the Company to measure all expected credit losses for financial instruments held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable supportable forecasts. The new guidance is applicable to financial assets measured at amortized cost, net investments in leases and certain off-balance sheet credit exposures. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is evaluating the impact the adoption this ASU will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

~~In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02 - “Leases,”~~ which is intended to improve financial reporting on leasing transactions. This was further clarified with technical corrections issued within ASU 2018-10 and ASU 2018-11. This standard requires a lessee to record on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by lease terms of more than 12 months. The Company adopted this ASU as of January 1, 2019. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations and Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. The updated disclosures are included in Note 20, “Leases.”

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, including the financial statements, accompanying notes and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations therein, and the interim condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

All of the statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, other than historical facts, are forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, the statements made in the “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” As a general matter, forward-looking statements are those focused upon anticipated events or trends, expectations and beliefs relating to matters that are not historical in nature. The words “could,” “should,” “feel,” “anticipate,” “aim,” “preliminary,” “expect,” “believer,” “estimate,” “intend,” “intent,” “plan,” “will,” “foresee,” “project,” “forecast,” or the negative thereof or variations thereon, and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements.

The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a “safe harbor” for these forward-looking statements. In order to comply with the terms of the safe harbor, the Company notes that forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors relating to the Company's operations and business environment, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond the control of the Company. These known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those matters expressed in, anticipated by or implied by such forward-looking statements. These risks, uncertainties, and other factors include, but are not limited to:

These statements reflect the current views and assumptions of management with respect to future events. Except to the extent required by the federal securities laws, the Company does not undertake, and hereby disclaims, any duty to update these forward-looking statements, even though its situation and circumstances may change in the future. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this report. The inclusion of any statement in this report does not constitute an admission by the Company or any other person that the events or circumstances described in such statement are material.

~~Performance during~~The Company is closely monitoring the ~~Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared~~unprecedented impact the COVID-19 pandemic is having on the global economy and human health, and continues to actively address the pandemic, with international crisis response teams working to mitigate potential impacts to the Company’s employees and business.

The pandemic has impacted the Company’s global manufacturing activities including the temporary suspension of normal manufacturing activity at certain of the Company’s production facilities around the world. The Company’s major facilities in Europe closed in mid-March, with the ~~Three Months Ended June 30, 2018~~

~~Net Sales, Orders~~German factory reopening on April 20, 2020, and ~~Backlog~~

~~Consolidated net sales~~the remainder of factories in France, Italy and Portugal reopening in early May of this year. The Company continues to operate in the United States as an essential business, however, with supply chain constraints and employee absenteeism, the Company has and may in the future experience productivity declines. The Company expects plant closures, supply chain constraints and employee absenteeism to have an adverse effect on financial results for the ~~three months ended June 30, 2019 increased 1.9% to $504.7 million from $495.3 million~~second quarter.

In addition, as a result of the pandemic, the Company expects a decline in the ~~same period~~demand for its products. The extent of the impact on the Company’s financial results is dependent on a number of factors, including the length and severity of the pandemic, associated government actions and the related effect on the global economy and markets in ~~2018. This increase was attributable primarily to higher crane shipments in~~which the ~~Americas segment. Consolidated net sales were unfavorably impacted by $13.7 million from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.~~

Orders for the three months ended June 30, 2019 decreased 13.7% to $372.0 million from $430.8 million for the same period in 2018. The decrease was mainly due to a reduction in the Americas segment partially offset by higher orders in the EURAF segment. Orders were unfavorably impacted by $8.4 million due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

As of June 30, 2019, total backlog was $561.4 million, a 18.9% decrease from the June 30, 2018 backlog of $692.1 million. Backlog was unfavorably impacted by $5.4 million year over year due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

Gross profit for the three months ended June 30, 2019 was $95.2 million, an increase of $4.7 million compared to $90.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018. This increase was mainly due to the increase in sales volume discussed above, favorable price realizationCompany serves, all which are highly uncertain and ~~favorable mix. This was partially offset by $3.3 million of unfavorable changes in foreign currency exchange rates.~~cannot be predicted.

As a result of ~~favorable price realization~~the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company withdrew 2020 financial guidance on March 27, 2020 and ~~favorable mix, gross profit percentage increased in the three months ended June 30, 2019 to 18.8% from 18.3% in the same period in 2018.~~

Engineering, selling and administrative expenses decreased 18.7% to $50.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $62.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018. This decrease was primarilywill not, at this time, issue revised guidance due to the ~~settlement of a legal matter which included a $9.2 million recovery of legal fees expensed in previous periods. Engineering, selling~~continuing economic uncertainties. The full severity and ~~administrative expenses were favorably impacted by $2.1 million from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.~~

During the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company incurred $2.7 million and $3.8 million of restructuring expense, respectively. Restructuring expense for the three months ended June 30, 2019 related primarily to headcount reductions in India and Europe. Restructuring expense for the three months ended June 30, 2018 related primarily to severance costs for the departure of an executive officer, costs associated with training of skilled labor as a resultduration of the ~~transfer~~related global economic crisis is not known, but it is expected to continue to negatively impact operating results. See Part II, Item 1A. – “Risk Factors” for a detailed description of ~~crawler crane production to Shady Grove, PA and costs associated with headcount reductions in Europe.~~

~~Other income (expense) - net was $15.9 million in~~ the ~~second quarter of 2019 and $(5.6) million in the second quarter of 2018. This improvement was primarily due to a $15.5 million benefit~~risks resulting from ~~the settlement of a legal matter and $6.9 million of favorable foreign currency transaction gains (losses) compared to the second quarter of 2018.~~

For the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded income tax expense of $3.9 million and a tax benefit of $1.2 million, respectively. The increase in the Company’s tax expense for the three months ended June 30, 2019 relative to the prior year relates primarily to the discrete tax benefit of $4.8 million recorded during the three months ended June 30, 2018.

COVID-19.~~Performance during the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared with the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018~~

Consolidated net sales for the six months ended June 30, 2019 increased 4.7% to $922.7 million from $881.4 million for the same period in 2018. This increase was attributable to higher crane shipments in the Americas and EURAF segments. Consolidated net sales were unfavorably impacted by $30.0 million from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

Gross profit for the six months ended June 30, 2019 was $175.4 million, an increase of $16.5 million compared to $158.9 million for the same period in 2018. This increase was mainly due to the increase in sales volume discussed above, improved aftermarket margins, favorable price realization and favorable mix. This was unfavorably impacted by $7.3 million from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

~~As a result of favorable price realization and favorable mix, gross profit percentage increased in the six months ended June 30, 2019 to 19.0% from 18.0% in the same period in 2018.~~

Engineering, selling and administrative expenses decreased 10.3% to $109.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $122.5 million for the same period in 2018. This decrease was primarily due to the settlement of a legal matter which included a $8.9 million recovery of legal fees expensed in previous periods. Engineering, selling and administrative expenses were favorably impacted by $4.6 million from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company incurred $7.2 million and $10.0 million of restructuring expense, respectively. Restructuring expense for the six months ended June 30, 2019 related primarily to headcount reductions in India, Europe and North America. Restructuring expense for the six months ended June 30, 2018 related primarily to severance costs for the departure of an executive officer, costs associated with training of skilled labor as a result of the transfer of crawler crane production to Shady Grove, PA and costs associated with headcount reductions in Europe.

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company recorded a $25.0 million charge associated with the Company’s refinancing of the ABL Revolving Credit Facility and 2026 Notes. The charge is composed of $16.6 million of call premium on the Prior 2021 Notes, $5.3 million of unamortized discount on the Prior 2021 Notes and $3.1 million of unamortized debt issuance costs.

Other income (expense) - net was $12.6 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019 and $(2.9) million for the same period in 2018. This improvement was primarily due to a $15.5 million benefit related to a settlement of a legal matter and $2.2 million of favorable foreign currency transaction gains (losses) compared to the second quarter of 2018. This was partially offset by $2.2 million of gains on the disposals of property, plant and equipment recorded in 2018.

For the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded income tax expense of $7.2 million and $2.7 million, respectively. The increase in the Company’s tax expense for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the prior year primarily relates to the $4.8 million discrete tax benefit recorded during the three months ended June 30, 2018.

The Company manages its business primarily on a geographic basis. The Company’s reportable operating segments consist of the Americas, EURAF, and MEAP. Further information regarding the Company’s reportable segments can be found in Note ~~14,~~17, “Segments,” to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

	Three Months Ended June 30,										Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018		Dollar Change			Percentage Change			2019		2018		Dollar Change			Percentage Change			Three Months Ended March 31, 2020			Three Months Ended March 31, 2019		Dollar Change			Percentage Change
Net Sales
Americas	$	264.6	$	227.3	$	37.3			16.4	%	$	470.7	$	390.2	$	80.5			20.6	%	$	156.2		$	206.1	$	(49.9	)		(24.2	)%
EURAF		182.6		191.2		(8.6	)		(4.5	)%		336.8		345.4		(8.6	)		(2.5	)%		122.9			154.2		(31.3	)		(20.3	)%
MEAP		57.5		76.8		(19.3	)		(25.1	)%		115.2		145.8		(30.6	)		(21.0	)%		50.1			57.7		(7.6	)		(13.2	)%

Segment Operating Income
Segment Operating Income (Loss)
Americas	$	35.7	$	14.7	$	21.0			142.9	%	$	50.9	$	17.4	$	33.5			(192.5	)%	$	9.1		$	15.2	$	(6.1	)		(40.1	)%
EURAF		1.7		8.1		(6.4	)		(79.0	)%		5.1		11.5		(6.4	)		(55.7	)%		(0.4	)		3.4		(3.8	)		(111.8	)%
MEAP		5.1		10.7		(5.6	)		(52.3	)%		12.4		18.6		(6.2	)		(33.3	)%		6.3			7.3		(1.0	)		(13.7	)%

Americas net sales ~~increased 16.4%~~decreased 24.2% for the three months ended ~~June 30, 2019~~March 31, 2020 to ~~$264.6~~$156.2 million from ~~$227.3~~$206.1 million for the three months ended ~~June 30, 2018. The increase was primarily due to shipments of cranes for the commercial construction and energy end markets.~~

~~Americas operating income increased $21.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 to $35.7 million from $14.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018.~~ ~~The increase was primarily due to increased volume on crane shipments, improved aftermarket margins, favorable mix and price realization.~~

Americas net sales increased 20.6% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 to $470.7 million from $390.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The increase was primarily due to shipments of cranes for the commercial construction and energy end markets.

~~Americas operating income increased $33.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 to $50.9 million from $17.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018.~~ ~~The increase was primarily due to increased volume on crane shipments, improved aftermarket margins, favorable mix and price realization.~~

EURAF net sales decreased 4.5% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 to $182.6 million from $191.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease was primarily due to $10.9 million from unfavorable changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

EURAF operating income decreased $6.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 to $1.7 million from $8.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease was primarily due to lower net sales discussed above, partially offset by lower engineering, selling and administrative expenses. EURAF operating income was also unfavorably impacted by approximately $1.0 million from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

EURAF net sales decreased 2.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 to $336.8 million from $345.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease was primarily due to $24.0 million of unfavorable changes in foreign currency exchange rates. This was partially offset by higher crane shipments to the commercial construction end market.

EURAF operating income decreased $6.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 to $5.1 million from $11.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease was primarily due to lower net sales discussed above and higher restructuring expenses. EURAF operating income was also unfavorably impacted by approximately $2.3 million from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

~~MEAP net sales decreased 25.1% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 to $57.5 million from $76.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018.~~March 31, 2019. The decrease was primarily due to lower shipments of cranes for the ~~oil~~commercial construction and ~~gas~~energy end ~~market.~~markets from entering the current year with a lower shippable backlog. Net sales were also unfavorably impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic during the three months ended March 31, 2020 by approximately $1.9 million.

Americas operating income decreased $6.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 to $9.1 million from $15.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The decrease was primarily due to lower volume on crane shipments and expenses related to the triennial ConExpo tradeshow held in March 2020. This was partially offset by $1.7 million of lower restructuring expense and lower short-term incentive compensation costs.

EURAF net sales decreased 20.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2020 to $122.9 million from $154.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The decrease was primarily due to the COVID-19 pandemic which resulted in approximately $31.5 million of lower shipments of cranes. EURAF net sales were also unfavorably impacted by approximately $3.7 million from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

EURAF operating loss was $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to operating income of $3.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019, a decrease of $3.8 million. The decrease was primarily due to lower volume of crane shipments and approximately $2.0 million of period costs from underutilized manufacturing facilities due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This was partially offset by $3.9 million of lower engineering, selling and administrative expenses primarily due to lower short-term incentive compensation costs and reduced discretionary spending. Operating income was unfavorably impacted by approximately $0.2 million from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

MEAP net sales decreased 13.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2020 to $50.1 million from $57.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The decrease was primarily due to the COVID-19 pandemic which resulted in approximately $3.6 million of lower shipments of cranes. MEAP net sales were also unfavorably impacted by approximately ~~$2.8~~$1.5 million from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

MEAP operating income decreased ~~$5.6~~13.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2020 to $6.3 million from $7.3 million for the three months ended ~~June 30, 2019 to $5.1 million from $10.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018.~~March 31, 2019. The decrease was primarily due to lower ~~net sales as discussed above and higher restructuring expenses.~~volume of crane shipments. This was partially offset by $1.3 million of lower engineering, selling and administrative ~~expenses.~~

~~MEAP net sales decreased 21.0% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 to $115.2 million from $145.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease was~~expenses primarily due to ~~lower shipments of cranes for the oil and gas end market. MEAP net sales were also~~reduced discretionary spending. Operating income was unfavorably impacted by approximately ~~$6.0~~$0.1 million from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

~~MEAP operating income~~Results of Operations for the Quarters Ended March 31, 2020 and 2019

Consolidated net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2020 decreased ~~$6.2~~21.2% to $329.2 million from $418.0 million for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~June 30, 2019~~March 31, 2019. This decrease was primarily attributable to ~~$12.4~~lower shipments of cranes in the Americas region for the commercial construction and energy end markets from entering the current year with a lower shippable backlog. In addition, approximately $37.0 million of the decrease was driven by the COVID-19 pandemic which impacted the Company’s ability to ship cranes. Consolidated net sales were unfavorably impacted by $5.2 million from ~~$18.6~~changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

Orders for the three months ended March 31, 2020 decreased 15.0% to $375.0 million from $441.0 million for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~June 30, 2018.~~March 31, 2019. The decrease was mainly due to a decline in market demand in the Americas region, partially offset by higher orders in the EURAF region. Orders were also unfavorably impacted by approximately $5.1 million due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

As of March 31, 2020, total backlog was $520.9 million, a 9.6% increase from the December 31, 2019 backlog of $475.1 million, and a 24.9% decrease from the March 31, 2019 backlog of $693.6 million. Backlog was unfavorably impacted by approximately $4.9 million year over year, due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

Gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was $63.2 million, a decrease of $17.0 million compared to $80.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. This decrease was mainly due to the decrease in sales volume discussed above and $1.1 million of unfavorable changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

Gross profit percentage remained flat year over year due to favorable product mix.

Engineering, selling and administrative expenses decreased 5.9% to $55.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to $59.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. This decrease was primarily due to lower ~~net sales as discussed above~~short-term incentive compensation costs, headcount reductions and ~~higher restructuring expenses.~~reduced discretionary spending. This was partially offset by ~~lower engineering,~~higher tradeshow costs related to the triennial ConExpo trade show in March 2020. Engineering, selling and administrative ~~expenses.~~expenses were also favorably impacted by $1.0 million from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

~~For~~During the ~~Six Months Ending June 30,~~three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company incurred $1.5 million and $4.5 million of restructuring expense, respectively. The costs for the three months ended March 31, 2020 related primarily to headcount reductions in Europe. Costs for the three months ended March 31, 2019 related primarily to headcount reductions in Europe and North America.

Interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2020 totaled $7.2 million versus $10.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. This decrease was primarily due to a reduction of the average effective interest rate from 13.4% in 2019 to 9.2% in 2020 and ~~cash equivalents totaled $35.0 million as of June 30, 2019,~~ a ~~decrease of $105.3 million from $140.3 million as of December 31, 2018.~~lower average debt outstanding in 2020. The decrease ~~for~~in the ~~six months ended June 30, 2019~~average effective interest rate was primarily due to the ~~termination of the accounts receivable securitization program, investments in working capital and property, plant and equipment, payment of debt issuance costs and repurchases~~refinancing of the Company’s ~~common stock. This~~debt completed in the first quarter of 2019. Amortization expense of deferred financing fees was ~~partially offset by cash received~~relatively flat year over year. See further detail at Note 11, “Debt” to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recorded a $25.0 million charge associated with the Company’s refinancing of the ABL Revolving Credit Facility and 2026 Notes. The charge was composed of $16.6 million of call premium on the Prior 2021 Notes, $5.3 million of unamortized discount on the Prior 2021 Notes and $3.1 million of unamortized debt issuance costs.

Other expense – net for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was $4.0 million. Other expense – net was primarily composed of $3.9 million of foreign currency losses and $0.4 million of pension benefit and postretirement health costs.

Other expense – net for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was $3.3 million. Other expense – net was primarily composed of $2.5 million of foreign currency losses and $0.9 million of pension benefit and postretirement health costs.

For the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded income tax expense of $1.9 million and $3.3 million, respectively. The decrease in the Company’s tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2020 relative to the prior year relates primarily to reduced tax expense in foreign jurisdictions. In addition, the Company’s effective tax rate varies from the ~~settlement~~U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% due to results of foreign operations that are subject to income taxes at different statutory rates.

The table below shows a ~~legal matter~~summary of cash flows for three months ended March 31, 2020 and ~~proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment.~~2019:

Cash flows used for operating activities for the first ~~six~~three months of 2020 were $78.6 million and were primarily driven by a net increase in working capital of $83.6 million. The increase in working capital primarily resulted from an increase in inventory of $88.5 million from December 31, 2019 and payments of incentive compensation earned in the prior year. The increase in inventory is consistent with the Company’s history of building inventory in anticipation of the summer construction season in the northern hemisphere. This was partially offset by a $5.0 million increase in net income excluding adjustments to reconcile net loss to operating cash flows from operating activities.

Cash flows used for operating activities for the first three months of 2019 were ~~$235.4~~$267.3 million and were primarily driven by trade receivables sold to the Company’s ~~prior~~ securitization program resulting in $126.3 million of cash flows being reported in cash provided by investing activities and $75.0 million of purchases of accounts receivable previously sold tointo the prior accounts receivable securitization program ~~increased~~and a net increase in working capital of $77.7 million. The increase in working capital primarily resulted from an increase in inventory ~~since~~of $94.5 million from December 31, 2018 and payments of incentive compensation earned in the prior year. The increase in inventory is consistent with the Company’s history of building inventory in anticipation of the summer construction season in the northern hemisphere. This was partially offset by ~~$36.5~~an $11.7 million increase in net income excluding adjustments to reconcile net loss to operating cash flows from operating activities.

Cash flows used for investing activities were $3.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and consisted of $3.6 million of ~~cash received~~capital expenditures partially offset by $0.1 million of proceeds from the ~~settlement~~sale of ~~a legal matter.~~property, plant and equipment.

Cash flows provided by investing activities were ~~$121.4~~$126.7 million for the ~~first six~~three months ofended March 31, 2019 and consisted of $126.3 million of cash collections on accounts receivable sold to the Company’s prior ~~accounts receivable~~ securitization program and proceeds from sales of property, plant and equipment of $4.8 million. This was partially offset by capital expenditures of ~~$9.7~~$4.4 million.

Cash flows used for financing activities were $12.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and consisted of $12.0 million of repurchases of common stock and $0.5 million of payments on other debt. This was partially offset by $0.1 million of cash receipts from the exercise of stock options.

Cash flows provided by financing activities were ~~$9.8~~$49.7 million for the ~~first six~~three months ofended March 31, 2019 and consisted of $300.0 million of proceeds from ~~long-term debt~~the issuance of the 2026 Notes and ~~$82.8~~$33.0 million of proceeds from the ABL Revolving Credit Facility. ~~This was partially~~Proceeds were offset by ~~payments~~$277.8 million of ~~$276.6 million~~payments to terminate the Prior 2021 Notes ~~$82.8~~and $5.6 million ~~of payments on the ABL Revolving Credit Facility, $8.2 million of~~in debt issuance ~~costs on the ABL Revolving Credit Facility and 2026 Notes and $7.4 million from the repurchase of common stock.~~

Cash and cash equivalents totaled $83.7 million as of June 30, 2018, a decrease of $39.3 million from $123.0 million as of December 31, 2017. The decrease for the six months ended June 30, 2018 was primarily due to investments in working capital and property, plant and equipment and semi-annual interest paid on the 2021 Notes. This was partially offset by proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment.

Cash flows used for operating activities for the first six months of 2018 were $268.3 million and were primarily driven by trade receivables sold to the Company’s prior securitization program resulting in $238.0 million of cash flows being reported in cash provided by investing activities~~, increased receivables and inventories since December 31, 2017 and payments of incentive compensation earned in the prior year.~~ ~~This is consistent with historical seasonal working capital needs, as the Company builds inventory in anticipation of the summer construction season in the northern hemisphere.~~

Cash flows provided by investing activities were $231.2 million for the first six months of 2018 and consisted of $238.0 million of cash collections on accounts receivable sold to the Company’s securitization program and proceeds from sales of property, plant and equipment of $8.4 million, which was primarily related to the sale of the corporate headquarters incosts.

~~Manitowoc, Wisconsin during the first quarter of 2018. This was partially offset by capital expenditures of $15.2 million, with the majority related to equipment purchases in North America and Europe.~~

Cash flows used for financing activities were $1.0 million for the first six months of 2018 and consisted of $3.0 million of payments on long-term debt partially offset by $2.0 million of cash from exercises of stock options.

~~Outstanding debt as of June 30, 2019~~The Company’s liquidity position at March 31, 2020 and December 31, ~~2018~~2019 is summarized as follows:

~~See additional discussion of the credit facilities and Senior Notes in Note 8, “Debt,” of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.~~

~~The Company’s liquidity position at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 is summarized as follows:~~

The Company believes its liquidity and expected cash flows from operations should be sufficient to meet expected working capital, capital expenditure and other general ongoing operational needs infor the foreseeable future. The Company is also taking action to preserve its liquidity and manage its cash flow, such as reducing discretionary spending, suspending its share repurchase program and reducing its capital expenditures. In addition, the Company is managing its payroll costs by eliminating base salary increases for its employees and executive officers. The Company is also taking advantage of the broad-based employer relief provided under the CARES Act and will defer payment of employer Social Security taxes for wage payments made after March 12, 2020, through the end of the calendar year. The Company will defer 50% of the payment of these taxes to December 31, 2021, with the remaining 50% to be paid by December 31, 2022. Globally, the Company continues to review all available government subsidies and other programs to aid with liquidity and employee retention.

~~With~~The Company has historically relied primarily on cash flows from operations, borrowings under revolving credit facilities, issuances of notes and other forms of debt financing as its sources of cash.

The maximum availability under the ~~enactment~~Company’s current ABL Revolving Credit Facility is $275.0 million. The borrowing capacity under the ABL Revolving Credit Facility is based on the value of ~~U.S. tax reform,~~inventory, accounts receivable and fixed assets of the Loan Parties. The Loan Parties’ obligations under the ABL Revolving Credit Facility are secured on a first-priority basis, subject to certain exceptions and permitted liens, by substantially all of the personal property and fee-owned real property of the Loan Parties. The liens securing the ABL Revolving Credit Facility are senior in priority to the second-priority liens securing the obligations under the 2026 Notes and the related guarantees. The ABL Revolving Credit Facility has a term of 5 years and includes a $75.0 million letter of credit sub-facility, $10.0 million of which is available to the Company’s German subsidiary that is a borrower under the ABL Revolving Credit Facility.

In addition to the ABL Revolving Credit Facility, the Company ~~believes that its offshore cash can be accessed~~has access to non-committed overdraft facilities to fund working capital in Europe. There is a ~~more tax efficient manner. During~~total of six facilities, of which five facilities are denominated in Euros totaling €26.0 million and one facility denominated in US dollars totaling $9.5 million. Total U.S. dollar availability as of March 31, 2020 for the prior year, the Company updated its assertion that foreign earnings are permanently reinvested such that jurisdictions where cash can be tax efficiently repatriated are no longer permanently reinvested. These earnings, if repatriated to the U.S., would not result in material tax expense. However, the Company does record deferred tax liabilities related to non-U.S. withholding taxes on these unremitted earnings that are not considered permanently invested.six overdraft facilities is $38.2 million.

Outstanding debt as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 is summarized as follows:

Both the ABL Revolving Credit Facility and 2026 Notes include customary covenants and events of default. Refer to Note 8,11, “Debt,” of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussions of covenants for the ABL Revolving Credit Facility and 2026 Notes. Based upon management’s current plans and outlook, the Company believes it will be able to comply with these covenants during the subsequent twelve months.

The Company uses EBITDA, ~~Adjusted~~adjusted EBITDA and ~~Adjusted~~adjusted operating income, which are financial measures that are not prepared in accordance with ~~accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”),~~GAAP, as additional metrics to evaluate the Company’s performance. The Company defines EBITDA as net income (loss) before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. The Company defines ~~Adjusted~~adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA plus the addback of certain restructuring ~~expense, asset impairment expense~~ and other ~~(income) expense - net.~~charges. The Company defines ~~Adjusted~~adjusted operating income as ~~Adjusted~~adjusted EBITDA excluding the addback of ~~depreciation.~~depreciation and amortization. The Company believes these non-GAAP measures provide important supplemental information to readers regarding business trends that can be used in evaluating its results of operations because these financial measures provide a consistent method of comparing financial performance and are commonly used by investors to assess performance. These non-GAAP financial measures should be considered together with, and are not substitutes for, the GAAP financial information provided herein.

The reconciliation of GAAP net income (loss) to EBITDA, and further to ~~Adjusted~~adjusted EBITDA and to ~~Adjusted~~adjusted operating income for the three ~~and six~~ months ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2020 and 2019 ~~and 2018~~ is summarized as follows:

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended						Three Months Ended March 31,						Trailing Twelve
	June 30, 2019			June 30, 2018			June 30, 2019			June 30, 2018			2020			2019			Months
Net income (loss)	$	46.0		$	9.7		$	19.3		$	(0.3	)	$	(7.8	)	$	(26.7	)	$	65.5
Loss from discontinued operations, net of income taxes		—			0.2			—			0.2
Interest expense and amortization of deferred financing fees		7.9			9.8			19.2			20.3			7.6			11.3			30.5
Provision (benefit) for income taxes		3.9			(1.2	)		7.2			2.7
Provision for income taxes														1.9			3.3			11.0
Depreciation expense		8.6			9.1			17.4			18.2			9.0			8.8			35.2
Amortization of intangible assets		0.1			0.1			0.2			0.2			0.1			0.1			0.3
EBITDA		66.5			27.7			63.3			41.3			10.8			(3.2	)		142.5
Restructuring expense		2.7			3.8			7.2			10.0			1.5			4.5			6.8
Asset impairment expense		—			0.4			—			0.4
Loss on debt extinguishment		—			—			25.0			—			—			25.0			—
Other (income) expense - net (1)		(15.9	)		5.6			(12.6	)		2.9
Other non-recurring charges ⁽¹⁾														—			—			3.1
Other (income) expense - net ⁽²⁾														4.0			3.3			(9.1	)
Adjusted EBITDA		53.3			37.5			82.9			54.6			16.3			29.6			143.3
Depreciation expense		(8.6	)		(9.1	)		(17.4	)		(18.2	)		(9.0	)		(8.8	)		(35.2	)
Amortization of intangible assets														(0.1	)		(0.1	)		(0.3	)
Adjusted operating income		44.7			28.4			65.5			36.4			7.2			20.7			107.8
Restructuring expense		(2.7	)		(3.8	)		(7.2	)		(10.0	)		(1.5	)		(4.5	)		(6.8	)
Amortization of intangible assets		(0.1	)		(0.1	)		(0.2	)		(0.2	)
Asset impairment expense		—			(0.4	)		—			(0.4	)
GAAP operating income	$	41.9		$	24.1		$	58.1		$	25.8
Other non-recurring charges ⁽¹⁾														—			—			(3.1	)
Operating income													$	5.7		$	16.2		$	97.9

The Company uses adjusted operating cash flows and ~~adjusted~~ free cash flows, which are financial measures that are not prepared in accordance with GAAP, as additional metrics to evaluate the Company’s performance. Adjusted operating cash flows is defined as cash flows ~~provided by (used for)~~used for operating activities plus cash receipts on sold accounts receivable and other one-time items. ~~Adjusted free~~Free cash flows is defined as adjusted operating cash flows less capital expenditures. Adjusted operating cash flows and ~~adjusted~~ free cash flows for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2020 and 2019 ~~and 2018~~ are summarized as follows:

Three Months Ended
June 30,

Six Months Ended
June 30,

2019

2018

2019

2018

Net cash provided by (used for) operating
activities:

$
31.9

$
(99.9
)

$
(235.4
)

$
(268.3
)
Cash receipts on sold accounts receivable

—

94.0

126.3

238.0

Net payments (borrowings) on accounts
receivable securitization program

—

0.4

75.0

(16.4
)
Adjusted operating cash flows:

31.9

(5.5
)

(34.1
)

(46.7
)
Capital expenditures

(5.3
)

(8.8
)

(9.7
)

(15.2
)
Adjusted free cash flows:

$
26.6

$
(14.3
)

$
(43.8
)

$
(61.9
)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020			2019
Net cash used for operating activities	$	(78.6	)	$	(267.3	)
Cash receipts on sold accounts receivable		—			126.3
Net payments on accounts receivable securitization program		—			75.0
Adjusted operating cash flows		(78.6	)		(66.0	)
Capital expenditures		(3.6	)		(4.4	)
Free cash flows	$	(82.2	)	$	(70.4	)

The Company's critical accounting policies have not materially changed since the ~~2018~~2019 Form 10-K was filed. Refer to the Critical Accounting Policies in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018~~2019 for information about the Company’s policies, methodology and assumptions related to critical accounting policies.

The Company’s market risk disclosures have not materially changed since the ~~2018~~2019 Form 10-K was filed. The Company’s quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk are incorporated by reference from Part II, Item 7A of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018.~~2019.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures: The Company’s management, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of such period, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective in recording, processing, summarizing and reporting, on a timely basis, information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely discussions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting: The Company's management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). During the period covered by this report, the Company made changes to its internal control structure as related to the adoption of ASC 842 – “Leases,” which resulted in enhanced controls to comply with the new standard. Except as stated above, during the period covered by this report there were no changes ~~in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting~~ that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.

~~The Company’s~~There have been no material changes to the risk factors ~~disclosures have not materially changed since the 2018 Form 10-K was filed. The Company’s risk factors are incorporated by reference from~~previously disclosed in Part I, Item 1A, of“Risk Factors,” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018.~~2019, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 14, 2020, other than the following.

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has had, and will continue to have, a negative impact on our business, financial condition, cash flows, results of operations and supply chain.

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in national, state and local government authorities implementing numerous measures to try to contain the virus, such as travel bans and restrictions, border closings, restrictions on public gatherings, quarantining of people who may have been exposed to the virus, shelter-in-place restrictions, and limitations or shutdowns of business operations. These measures have impacted and may further impact our workforce and operations, the operations of our customers, and those of our dealers and suppliers. We have significant operations worldwide, including in the United States, France, Germany, Portugal, Italy and China and each of these countries have been affected by the outbreak and have taken measures to try to contain it, resulting in disruptions at some of our manufacturing facilities and support operations. There is considerable uncertainty regarding the impact, and expected duration, of such measures and potential future measures, and restrictions on our access to our facilities or on our support operations or workforce, or similar limitations for our customers, dealers and suppliers. There is no certainty that measures taken by governmental authorities will be sufficient to mitigate the risks posed by the virus, and our ability to perform critical functions could be harmed.

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased economic and demand uncertainty. The pandemic has caused an economic slowdown that is likely to continue, and it is possible that it could cause an extended global recession.

The COVID-19 pandemic has weakened demand for our products and services, which has resulted in a decline in sales and customer orders, and it remains uncertain what impact this weakened demand will have on future sales and customer orders once conditions begin to improve. The pandemic could continue and/or expand the disruption to our supply chain.

In recent weeks, the spread of COVID-19 has led to disruption and volatility in the global capital markets, which may adversely affect our and our customers’ and suppliers’ liquidity, cost of capital and ability to access the capital markets. As a result, the continued spread of COVID-19 could adversely affect our liquidity as well as the ability of our customers to perform, including in making timely payments to us, which could further adversely impact our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had, and will continue to have, a negative impact on our business, financial condition, cash flows, results of operations and supply chain, although the full extent is uncertain. As the pandemic continues to rapidly evolve, the extent of the impact on our business, financial condition, cash flows, results of operations and supply chain will depend on future developments, including, but not limited to, the duration and spread of the pandemic (including any relapses), its severity, the actions to contain the virus and/or treat its impact, related restrictions on travel, the duration, timing and severity of the impact on customer demand (including any recession resulting from the pandemic), and how quickly and to what extent normal economic and operating conditions can resume, all of which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted.

In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic will or may have additional impacts on the following risk factors previously disclosed in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 14, 2020:

On May 6, 2019, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program in which the Company has authorization to repurchase up to $30.0 million of the Company’s common stock at management’s discretion. Approximately $10.6 million of shares that may yet be repurchased under the program remain available.

Exhibit No.	Description	Filed/Furnished Herewith		Description	Filed/Furnished Herewith

3				Restated By-laws of The Manitowoc Company, Inc., as amended through April 3, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 6, 2020)

31	Rule 13a - 14(a)/15d - 14(a) Certifications	X	(1)	Rule 13a - 14(a)/15d - 14(a) Certifications	X	(1)

32.1	Certification of CEO pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350	X	(2)	Certification of CEO pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350	X	(2)

32.2	Certification of CFO pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350	X	(2)	Certification of CFO pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350	X	(2)

101.1 101.2 101.3 101.4 101.5 101.6	XBRL Instance Document – The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document. XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document	X X X X X X	(1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
101.INS				Inline XBRL Instance Document – The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document	X	(1)

101.SCH				Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document	X	(1)

101.CAL				Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document	X	(1)

101.DEF				Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document	X	(1)

101.LAB				Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document	X	(1)

101.PRE				Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document	X	(1)

104				Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)	X	(1)

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Wisconsin		39-0448110
(State or other jurisdiction		(I.R.S. Employer
of incorporation or organization)		Identification Number)

	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
Raw materials	$	180.3		$	159.2
Work-in-process		150.1			112.0
Finished goods		280.3			238.0
Total inventories		610.7			509.2
Excess and obsolete inventory reserve		(58.4	)		(56.1	)
Inventories — net	$	552.3		$	453.1

	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
Land	$	24.1		$	24.1
Building and improvements		197.4			195.3
Machinery, equipment and tooling		269.0			269.4
Furniture and fixtures		16.9			16.4
Computer hardware and software		117.7			117.1
Rental cranes		81.7			84.0
Construction in progress		7.8			9.6
Total cost		714.6			715.9
Less accumulated depreciation		(431.1	)		(427.0	)
Property, plant and equipment — net	$	283.5		$	288.9

	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Trade accounts payable	$	265.1	$	249.2
Employee-related expenses		49.6		59.5
Accrued vacation		25.9		24.3
Miscellaneous accrued expenses		81.3		92.2
Total	$	421.9	$	425.2


Level 1		Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

Level 2		Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, or

		Unadjusted quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or

		Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability

Level 3		Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability

Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
Emerging growth company	☐

	June 30, 2019							December 31, 2018
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Book Value		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Book Value
Trademarks and tradenames	$	96.2	$	—		$	96.2	$	96.7	$	—		$	96.7
Customer relationships		10.2		(8.5	)		1.7		10.1		(8.4	)		1.7
Patents		29.7		(28.8	)		0.9		29.8		(29.0	)		0.8
Engineering drawings		10.5		(10.5	)		—		10.5		(10.5	)		—
Distribution network		18.9		(0.1	)		18.8		19.0		(0.1	)		18.9
Total	$	165.5	$	(48.0	)	$	117.5	$	166.1	$	(48.0	)	$	118.1

	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
Senior secured asset based revolving credit facility	$	—		$	—
Senior secured second lien notes due 2021		—			254.2
Senior secured second lien notes due 2026		300.0			—
Other		23.2			21.2
Deferred financing costs		(4.9	)		(2.3	)
Total debt		318.3			273.1
Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt		(8.7	)		(6.4	)
Long-term debt	$	309.6		$	266.7

	Fair Value as of June 30, 2019								Fair Value as of March 31, 2020
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Recognized Location
Current Assets:
Foreign currency exchange contracts	$	—	$	0.5	$	—	$	0.5
Forward currency exchange contracts									$	—	$	0.1	$	—	$	0.1	Other current assets
Current Liabilities:
Forward currency exchange contracts									$	—	$	0.2	$	—	$	0.2	Accounts payable and accrued expenses

	Fair Value as of December 31, 2018								Fair Value as of December 31, 2019
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Recognized Location
Current Assets:
Foreign currency exchange contracts	$	—	$	0.1	$	—	$	0.1

Forward currency exchange contracts									$	—	$	0.1	$	—	$	0.1	Other current assets
Current Liabilities:
Foreign currency exchange contracts	$	—	$	1.8	$	—	$	1.8
Forward currency exchange contracts									$	—	$	0.1	$	—	$	0.1	Accounts payable and accrued expenses

	Americas		MEAP			Consolidated
Balance as of January 1, 2019	$	166.5	$	66.3		$	232.8
Foreign currency impact		—		(0.3	)		(0.3	)
Balance as of December 31, 2019		166.5		66.0			232.5
Foreign currency impact		—		(2.2	)		(2.2	)
Balance as of March 31, 2020	$	166.5	$	63.8		$	230.3

	March 31, 2020							December 31, 2019
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Book Value		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Book Value
Trademarks and tradenames	$	94.2	$	—		$	94.2	$	95.3	$	—		$	95.3
Customer relationships		9.7		(8.2	)		1.5		10.0		(8.5	)		1.5
Patents		29.2		(28.4	)		0.8		29.5		(28.7	)		0.8
Distribution network		18.4		—			18.4		18.7		—			18.7
Net balance	$	151.5	$	(36.6	)	$	114.9	$	153.5	$	(37.2	)	$	116.3

Average quarterly availability	Alternative base rate spread	Eurodollar and overnight LIBOR spread
≥ 50% of Aggregate Commitment	0.25%	1.25%
< 50% of Aggregate Commitment	0.50%	1.50%

	Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020			Three Months Ended March 31, 2019				Recognized Location
Gains and losses on cash flow hedges
FX Forward Contracts	$	(0.1	)	$	(0.8	)		Cost of sales
Total before income taxes		(0.1	)		(0.8	)
Provision for income taxes		—			—
Total, net of income taxes	$	(0.1	)	$	(0.8	)
Amortization of pension and postretirement items
Actuarial losses	$	(1.1	)	$	(1.1	)	(a)	Other expense - net
Amortization of prior service cost		0.7			0.7		(a)	Other expense - net
Total before income taxes		(0.4	)		(0.4	)
Provision for income taxes		0.3			-
Total, net of income taxes	$	(0.1	)	$	(0.4	)

Total reclassifications for the period, net of income taxes	$	(0.2	)	$	(1.2	)

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2019		Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
Operating lease cost	$	3.7	$	7.6
Variable lease cost*		0.4		0.8
Total lease cost	$	4.1	$	8.4
*Includes short-term leases, which are immaterial.

Operating Leases	June 30, 2019
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$	47.6
Other liabilities	$	11.6
Operating lease liabilities		37.0
Total operating lease liabilities	$	48.6

Year
2019	$	6.6
2020		11.4
2021		9.7
2022		7.3
2023		4.5
Thereafter		16.1
Total lease payments		55.6
Less: imputed interest		(7.0	)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	48.6

Periods	Total Number of Shares Purchased		Average Price Paid Per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program		Approximate Dollar Value (in millions) of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Program
January 2020		—	$	—		—	$	22.6
February 2020		466,635	$	12.84		466,635	$	16.6
March 2020		595,076	$	10.06		595,076	$	10.6
Total		1,061,711				1,061,711

Date: ~~August 9, 2019~~May 8, 2020	The Manitowoc Company, Inc.
	(Registrant)


	/s/ Barry L. Pennypacker
	Barry L. Pennypacker
	President and Chief Executive Officer
	(Principal Executive Officer)

	/s/ David J. Antoniuk
	David J. Antoniuk
	Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
	(Principal Financial Officer)

	/s/ Brian P. Regan
	Brian P. Regan
	Vice President and Corporate Controller
	(Principal Accounting Officer)