Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☑

As of ~~April~~July 16, 2021, there were ~~8,894,822~~8,917,858 shares of the Registrant’s common stock outstanding.

	Three months ended				Three months ended					Six months ended
	March 31,				June 30,					June 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020			2021		2020

Net sales	$	37,038	$	58,494	$	38,502	$	52,479	$	75,540	$	110,973
Cost of products sold		37,286		53,585		36,338		50,542		73,624		104,127

Gross margin		(248)		4,909		2,164		1,937		1,916		6,846
Selling, general and administrative expenses		5,231		5,908		5,151		5,397		10,382		11,305

Operating loss		(5,479)		(999)		(2,987)		(3,460)		(8,466)		(4,459)
Interest expense and other financing costs		550		952		492		807		1,042		1,759
Other expense (income), net		16		(17)		7		3		23		(14)

Loss before income taxes		(6,045)		(1,934)		(3,486)		(4,270)		(9,531)		(6,204)
Income taxes		(1,516)		(523)		(993)		(939)		(2,509)		(1,462)

Net loss	$	(4,529)	$	(1,411)	$	(2,493)	$	(3,331)	$	(7,022)	$	(4,742)

Net loss per common share - Basic	$	(0.51)	$	(0.16)	$	(0.28)	$	(0.38)	$	(0.79)	$	(0.54)

Net loss per common share - Diluted	$	(0.51)	$	(0.16)	$	(0.28)	$	(0.38)	$	(0.79)	$	(0.54)

Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding
Basic		8,888,815		8,801,337		8,900,460		8,810,396		8,894,669		8,805,866
Diluted		8,888,815		8,801,337		8,900,460		8,810,396		8,894,669		8,805,866

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

	Three months ended						Three months ended							Six months ended
	March 31,						June 30,							June 30,
	2021			2020			2021			2020				2021				2020

Net loss	$	(4,529	)	$	(1,411	)	$	(2,493	)	$	(3,331	)	$		(7,022	)	$		(4,742	)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
Unrealized gain on derivatives		15			120
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives								5			(25	)			20				95
Comprehensive loss	$	(4,514	)	$	(1,291	)	$	(2,488	)	$	(3,356	)	$		(7,002	)	$		(4,647	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

	March 31,		December 31,		June 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
	(Unaudited)				(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash	$	423	$	164	$	158	$	164
Accounts receivable (less allowance for doubtful accounts of $203)		20,669		18,101
Accounts receivable (less allowance for doubtful accounts of $201 and $203, respectively)						21,311		18,101
Inventory, net		111,596		111,380		120,842		111,380
Other current assets		7,177		7,471		6,119		7,471

Total current assets		139,865		137,116		148,430		137,116

Property, plant and equipment, net		163,693		164,983		161,009		164,983
Other long-term assets		1,079		947		1,005		947

Total assets	$	304,637	$	303,046	$	310,444	$	303,046

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	19,151	$	12,632	$	25,197	$	12,632
Accrued employment costs		3,087		1,826		4,542		1,826
Current portion of long-term debt		1,893		16,713		2,432		16,713
Other current liabilities		840		2,722		963		2,722

Total current liabilities		24,971		33,893		33,134		33,893

Long-term debt, net		49,672		33,471		50,521		33,471
Deferred income taxes		4,214		5,725		3,221		5,725
Other long-term liabilities, net		4,305		4,277		4,191		4,277

Total liabilities		83,162		77,366		91,067		77,366

Stockholders’ equity:
Senior preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share; 1,980,000 shares authorized; 0 shares issued and outstanding		-		-		-		-
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share; 20,000,000 shares authorized; 8,894,822 and 8,883,788 shares issued, respectively		9		9
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share; 20,000,000 shares authorized; 8,917,858 and 8,883,788 shares issued, respectively						9		9
Additional paid-in capital		94,585		94,276		94,975		94,276
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(30)		(45)		(25)		(45)
Retained earnings		126,911		131,440		124,418		131,440

Total stockholders’ equity		221,475		225,680		219,377		225,680

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	304,637	$	303,046	$	310,444	$	303,046

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

	Three months ended						Six months ended
	March 31,						June 30,
	2021			2020			2021			2020

Operating Activities:
Net loss	$	(4,529	)	$	(1,411	)	$	(7,022	)	$	(4,742	)
Adjustments for non-cash items:
Depreciation and amortization		4,834			5,025			9,639			9,989
Deferred income tax		(1,518	)		(525	)		(2,510	)		(1,443	)
Share-based compensation expense		309			511			581			834
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net		(2,568	)		(1,019	)		(3,210	)		2,406
Inventory, net		(639	)		12			(10,288	)		11,279
Accounts payable		6,149			(9,161	)		12,327			(21,583	)
Accrued employment costs		1,261			(687	)		2,716			1,020
Income taxes		7			7			3			230
Other		(1,689	)		(524	)		(533	)		1,593

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		1,617			(7,772	)		1,703			(417	)

Investing Activity:
Capital expenditures		(2,683	)		(4,042	)		(4,483	)		(7,224	)

Net cash used in investing activity		(2,683	)		(4,042	)		(4,483	)		(7,224	)

Financing Activities:
Borrowings under revolving credit facility		29,541			49,232			56,008			82,680
Payments on revolving credit facility		(20,820	)		(34,872	)		(45,887	)		(82,070	)
Proceeds from term loan facility		8,571			-			8,571			-
Proceeds from Paycheck Protection Program Note								-			10,000
Payments on term loan facility, finance leases, and notes		(15,428	)		(2,483	)		(15,497	)		(2,962	)
Issuance of common stock under share-based plans								118			86
Payments of financing costs		(539	)		-			(539	)		-

Net cash provided by financing activities		1,325			11,877			2,774			7,734

Net increase in cash		259			63
Net (decrease) increase in cash								(6	)		93
Cash at beginning of period		164			170			164			170

Cash at end of period	$	423		$	233		$	158		$	263

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

										Accumulated																			Accumulated
	Common				Additional					other										Common				Additional					other
	shares		Common		paid-in		Retained			comprehensive			Treasury			Treasury				shares		Common		paid-in		Retained			comprehensive			Treasury			Treasury
	outstanding		stock		capital		earnings			loss			shares			stock				outstanding		stock		capital		earnings			loss			shares			stock


For the three months ended March 31, 2021
For the six months ended June 30, 2021																			For the six months ended June 30, 2021

Balance at December 31, 2020		8,883,788	$	9	$	94,276	$	131,440		$	(45	)		-	$		-				8,883,788	$	9	$	94,276	$	131,440		$	(45	)		-	$		-
Share-based compensation		11,034		-		309		-			-			-			-				11,034		-		309		-			-			-			-
Net gain on derivative instruments		-		-		-		-			15			-			-				-		-		-		-			15			-			-
Net loss		-		-		-		(4,529	)		-			-			-				-		-		-		(4,529	)		-			-			-
Balance at March 31, 2021		8,894,822	$	9	$	94,585	$	126,911		$	(30	)		-	$		-				8,894,822	$	9	$	94,585	$	126,911		$	(30	)		-	$		-
Common stock issuance under
Employee Stock Purchase Plan																					11,271		-		71		-			-			-			-
Other share-based plans																					5,272		-		47		-			-			-			-
Share-based compensation																					6,493		-		272		-			-			-			-
Net gain on derivative instruments																					-		-		-		-			5			-			-
Net loss																					-		-		-		(2,493	)		-			-			-
Balance at June 30, 2021																					8,917,858	$	9	$	94,975	$	124,418		$	(25	)		-	$		-


For the three months ended March 31, 2020
For the six months ended June 30, 2020																			For the six months ended June 30, 2020

Balance at December 31, 2019		8,799,436	$	9	$	94,982	$	150,487		$	(31	)		294,279	$		(2,311	)			8,799,436	$	9	$	94,982	$	150,487		$	(31	)		294,279	$		(2,311	)
Share-based compensation		3,680		-		511		-			-			-			-				3,680		-		511		-			-			-			-
Net gain on derivative instruments		-		-		-		-			120			-			-				-		-		-		-			120			-			-
Net loss		-		-		-		(1,411	)		-			-			-				-		-		-		(1,411	)		-			-			-
Balance at March 31, 2020		8,803,116	$	9	$	95,493	$	149,076		$	89			294,279	$		(2,311	)			8,803,116	$	9	$	95,493	$	149,076		$	89			294,279	$		(2,311	)
Common stock issuance under
Employee Stock Purchase Plan																					11,884		-		86		-			-			-			-
Share-based compensation																					14,732		-		323		-			-			-			-
Net loss on derivative instruments																					-		-		-		-			(25	)
Net loss																					-		-		-		(3,331	)
Balance at June 30, 2020																					8,829,732	$	9	$	95,902	$	145,745		$	64			294,279	$		(2,311	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Universal Stainless & Alloy Products, Inc., and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, “Universal,” “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company”), manufacture and market semi-finished and finished specialty steel products, including stainless steel, nickel alloys, tool steel and certain other alloyed steels. Our manufacturing process involves melting, remelting, heat treating, hot and cold rolling, forging, machining and cold drawing of semi-finished and finished specialty steels. Our products are sold to service centers, forgers, rerollers, original equipment manufacturers and wire redrawers. Our customers further process our products for use in a variety of industries, including the aerospace, power generation, oil and gas, heavy equipment, and general industrial manufacturing industries. We also perform conversion services on materials supplied by customers.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated statements include the accounts of Universal Stainless & Alloy Products, Inc. and its subsidiaries and are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial reports and the instructions for Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared under U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such regulations. Although the December 31, 2020 consolidated balance sheet data was derived from the audited financial statements, it does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. However, we believe that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our most recently audited financial statements and the notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. In the opinion of management, the accompanying financial statements include all adjustments necessary to present a fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements for the periods shown. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full fiscal year or any future period. The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from our estimates. The consolidated financial statements include our accounts and the accounts of our wholly–owned subsidiaries. We also consolidate, regardless of our ownership percentage, variable interest entities (each a “VIE”) for which we are deemed to have a controlling financial interest. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

When we obtain an economic interest in an entity, we evaluate the entity to determine if the entity is a VIE, and if we are deemed to be a primary beneficiary. As a part of our evaluation, we are required to qualitatively assess if we are the primary beneficiary of the VIE based on whether we hold the power to direct those matters that most significantly impacted the activities of the VIE and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive the benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant. Refer to Note 7, New Markets Tax Credit Financing Transaction, for a description of the VIEs included in our consolidated financial statements.

In December 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2019-12, “Income Taxes - Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (Topic 740),” which simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740. The amendments in this ASU also improve consistency and simplify other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance. The amendments in this ASU will be applied using different approaches depending on what the specific amendment relates to and, for public entities, are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. An entity is permitted to early adopt the guidance, and we early adopted ASU 2019-12 as of January 1, 2020. The adoption did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

The Company considers the applicability and impact of all ASUs. Recently issued ASUs not listed were assessed and were determined not applicable, or are expected to have minimal impact on our consolidated financial statements.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net ~~income~~loss per common share:

	Three months ended						Three months ended						Six months ended
	March 31,						June 30,						June 30,
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)	2021			2020			2021			2020			2021			2020

Numerator:
Net loss	$	(4,529	)	$	(1,411	)	$	(2,493	)	$	(3,331	)	$	(7,022	)	$	(4,742	)

Denominator:
Weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding		8,888,815			8,801,337			8,900,460			8,810,396			8,894,669			8,805,866
Weighted average effect of dilutive share-based compensation		-			-			-			-			-			-
Diluted weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding		8,888,815			8,801,337			8,900,460			8,810,396			8,894,669			8,805,866

Net loss per common share:
Net loss per common share - Basic	$	(0.51	)	$	(0.16	)	$	(0.28	)	$	(0.38	)	$	(0.79	)	$	(0.54	)
Net loss per common share - Basic	$	(0.51	)	$	(0.16	)	$	(0.28	)	$	(0.38	)	$	(0.79	)	$	(0.54	)

We had options to purchase ~~757,775~~710,750 and ~~741,550~~863,025 shares of common stock outstanding at a weighted average price of ~~$21.78~~$22.05 and ~~$24.27~~$21.94 for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, which were excluded in the computation of diluted net loss per common share. We had options to purchase 710,750 and 810,100 shares of common stock outstanding at a weighted average price of $22.05 and $22.81 for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, which were excluded in the computation of diluted net loss per common share. These options were not included in the computation of diluted net loss per common share because their exercise prices were greater than the average market price of our common stock.

In addition, the calculation of diluted net loss per share for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, excluded ~~30,553~~39,965 and ~~19,650~~55 shares for the assumed exercise of stock options as a result of being in a net loss position. The calculation of diluted net loss per share for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, excluded 35,372 and 7,571 shares for the assumed exercise of stock options as a result of being in a net loss position.

The Company’s revenues are primarily comprised of sales of products. Revenue is recognized when the Company satisfies its performance obligation under the contract by transferring the promised product to its customer that obtains control of the product. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct product to a customer. Most of the Company’s contracts have a single performance obligation, as the promise to transfer products or services is not separately identifiable from other promises in the contract and, therefore, not distinct.

Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring products. As such, revenue is recorded net of returns, allowances, customer discounts, and incentives. Sales and other taxes are excluded from revenues. Invoiced shipping and handling costs are included in revenue.

The Company’s revenue is primarily from products transferred to customers at a point in time. The Company recognizes revenue at the point in time in which the customer obtains control of the product, which is generally when product title passes to the customer upon shipment.

We have determined that there are certain customer agreements involving production of specified product grades and shapes that require revenue to be recognized over time, in advance of shipment, due to there being no alternative use for these grades and shapes without significant economic loss. Also, the Company maintains an enforceable right to payment including a normal profit margin from the customer in the event of contract termination. Contract assets related to services performed and not yet billed of ~~$2.0~~$1.9 million and $2.3 million are included in Accounts Receivable in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

The Company has elected the following practical expedients allowed under Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606:


	Three months ended March 31,				Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020			2021		2020
Net sales:
Specialty alloys	$	29,091	$	49,920	$	32,295	$	39,102	$		61,386	$	89,022
Premium alloys (A)		7,553		7,664		5,894		12,442			13,447		20,106
Conversion services and other sales		394		910		313		935			707		1,845

Total net sales	$	37,038		58,494	$	38,502		52,479	$		75,540		110,973

Our raw material and starting stock inventory is primarily comprised of ferrous and non-ferrous scrap metal and alloys such as nickel, chrome, molybdenum, cobalt, vanadium and copper. Our semi-finished and finished steel products are work-in-process in various stages of production or are finished products waiting to be shipped to our customers.

Operating materials are primarily comprised of forge dies and production molds and rolls that are consumed over their useful lives. During the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021 and 2020, we amortized these operating materials in the amount of ~~$0.4~~$0.8 million and ~~$0.6~~$1.1 million, respectively. This expense is recorded as a component of cost of products sold on the consolidated statements of operations and included as a part of our total depreciation and amortization on the consolidated statements of cash flows.

Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value with cost principally determined on a weighted average cost method. Such costs include the acquisition cost for raw materials and supplies, direct labor and applied manufacturing overhead. We assess market based upon actual and estimated transactions at or around the balance sheet date. Typically, we reserve for slow-moving inventory and inventory that is being evaluated under our quality control process. The reserves are based upon management’s expected method of disposition.

Due to low activity levels at our production facilities caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, management revised its accounting estimates for the absorption of costs into inventory during the third quarter of 2020. ~~As a result, $2.6~~During the three months ended June 30, 2021, $2.1 million of fixed overhead costs were not absorbed into inventory and ~~$1.8~~$1.5 million of negative operating efficiency variances were ~~incurred during the three months ended March 31, 2021.~~incurred. The total impact of ~~$4.4~~$3.6 million was charged directly to expense in the quarter.

	March 31,		December 31,		June 30,		December 31,
(in thousands)	2021		2020		2021		2020

Raw materials and starting stock	$	8,944	$	9,286	$	9,398	$	9,286
Semi-finished and finished steel products		95,423		94,928		104,474		94,928
Operating materials		11,198		11,502		11,430		11,502

Gross inventory		115,565		115,716		125,302		115,716
Inventory reserves		(3,969)		(4,336)		(4,460)		(4,336)

Total inventory, net	$	111,596	$	111,380	$	120,842	$	111,380

The Company periodically enters into leases in its normal course of business. At ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021, the leases in effect were primarily related to mobile and other production equipment. The term of our leases is generally 60 months or less, and the leases do not have significant restrictions, covenants, or other nonstandard terms.

Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recorded at the present value of minimum lease payments. For our operating leases, the assets are included in Other long-term assets on the consolidated balance sheets and are amortized within operating income over the respective lease terms. The long-term component of the lease liability is included in Other long-term liabilities, net, and the current component is included in Other current liabilities. For our finance leases, the assets are included in Property, plant and equipment, net on the consolidated balance sheets and are depreciated over the respective lease terms which range from three to five years. The long-term component of the lease liability is included in Long-term debt and the current component is included in Current portion of long-term debt.

The Company ~~entered~~did not enter into 1any new ~~lease agreement~~agreements accounted for as an operating lease ~~and did not enter into any new lease agreements accounted for as~~or a finance lease during the ~~first~~second quarter of 2021.

As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021, future minimum lease payments applicable to operating and finance leases were as follows:

	Operating Leases		Finance Leases		Operating Leases		Finance Leases
2021	$	238	$	255	$	159	$	170
2022		308		319		308		319
2023		214		240		214		240
2024		118		240		118		240
2025		6		80		6		80
Total minimum lease payments		884		1,134		805		1,049
Less amounts representing interest		(37)		(135)		(31)		(119)
Present value of minimum lease payments		847		999		774		930
Less current obligations		(312)		(286)		(312)		(289)
Total long-term lease obligations, net	$	535	$	713	$	462	$	641
Weighted-average remaining lease term		3.0 years		3.2 years		2.8 years		3.0 years

Right-of-use assets, net of accumulated amortization, recorded to the consolidated balance sheet at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021 were $0.8 million for operating leases and ~~$1.0~~$0.7 million for finance leases. ~~For the three months ended March 31, 2021, the~~

The amortization of finance lease assets was $0.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021, and was included in cost of products sold in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company applies the practical expedient allowed under Leases (Topic 842) to exclude leases with a term of 12 months or less from the calculation of our lease liabilities and right-of-use assets.

In determining the lease liability and corresponding right-of-use asset for each lease, the Company calculated the present value of future lease payments using the interest rate implicit in the lease, when available, or the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. The incremental borrowing rate was determined with reference to the interest rate applicable under revolving credit facility discussed in Note 6, Long-Term Debt, as this facility is collateralized by a first lien on substantially all of the assets of the Company and its term is similar to the term of our leases.

	March 31,		December 31,		June 30,		December 31,
(in thousands)	2021		2020		2021		2020

Revolving credit facility	$	27,200	$	18,479	$	28,600	$	18,479
Term loan		15,000		6,786		15,000		6,786
Paycheck Protection Program Note		10,000		10,000		10,000		10,000
Notes		-		15,000		-		15,000
Finance leases		999		1,070		930		1,070

Total debt		53,199		51,335		54,530		51,335
Less: current portion of long-term debt		(1,893)		(16,713)		(2,432)		(16,713)
Less: deferred financing costs		(1,634)		(1,151)		(1,577)		(1,151)

Long-term debt, net	$	49,672	$	33,471	$	50,521	$	33,471

On March 17, 2021, we entered into the Second Amended and Restated Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), with PNC Bank, National Association (“PNC Bank”), as administrative agent and co-collateral agent, ~~(the “Agent”),~~ Bank of America, N.A., as co-collateral agent, ~~(“Bank of America”),~~ the Lenders (as defined in the ~~New~~ Credit Agreement) party thereto from time to time and PNC Capital Markets LLC, as sole lead arranger and sole ~~bookrunner (“PNC Capital Markets”).~~bookrunner. The Credit Agreement replaces our prior credit agreement, and provides for a senior secured revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $105.0 million (“Revolving Credit Facility”) and a senior secured term loan facility (“Term Loan”) in the amount of $15.0 million (together with the Revolving Credit Facility, the “Facilities”).

The Company was in compliance with all the applicable financial covenants on the date we entered into the Credit Agreement and ~~at March 31,~~through June 30, 2021.

The Facilities, which expire on March 17, 2026 (the ‘Expiration Date”), are collateralized by a first lien on substantially all of the assets of the ~~company~~Company and its subsidiaries, except that no real property is collateral under the Facilities other than Company’s real property in North Jackson, Ohio.

Availability under the Credit Agreement is based on eligible accounts receivable and inventory. The Company must maintain undrawn availability under the Credit Agreement of at least $11.0 million. That requirement can be overcome if the Company maintains a fixed charge coverage ratio of not less than 1.10 to 1.0 measured on a rolling two-quarter basis and calculated in accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement.

The Company is required to pay a commitment fee of 0.25% based on the daily unused portion of the Revolving Credit Facility.

With respect to the Term Loan, the Company pays quarterly installments of the principal of approximately $0.5 million, plus accrued and unpaid interest, on the first day of each fiscal quarter beginning after June 30, 2021. To the extent not previously paid, the Term Loan will become due and payable in full on the Expiration Date.

Amounts outstanding under the Facilities, at the Company’s option, bear interest at either a base rate or a LIBOR based rate, in either case calculated in accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement. Interest under the Credit Agreement is payable monthly. We elected to use the LIBOR based rate for the majority of the debt outstanding under the Facilities for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021, which was ~~2.61%~~approximately 2.60% on our Revolving Credit Facility and ~~3.11%~~3.10% for the Term Loan.

We incurred $0.5 million in additional financing costs in conjunction with the execution of the Credit Agreement, which were recorded to the consolidated balance sheet ~~at March 31,~~in the first quarter of 2021 and will be amortized to interest expense over the life of the Credit Agreement. At ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021, we had total Credit Agreement related net deferred financing costs of ~~approximately~~ $1.0 million. For the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021, we amortized $0.1 million of those deferred financing costs.

On April 16, 2020, the Company entered into a promissory note, dated April 15, 2020, with PNC Bank, ~~National Association,~~ evidencing an unsecured loan with a principal amount of $10.0 million made to the Company pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP Term Note”) under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”). The PPP Term Note is guaranteed by the United States Small Business Administration.

The proceeds may be used to maintain payroll or make certain covered interest payments, lease payments and utility payments. Under the terms of the CARES Act, the Company may be granted forgiveness for all or a portion of loan granted under the PPP, with such forgiveness to be determined, subject to limitations, based on the use of the loan proceeds for payment of payroll costs and any payments of certain covered interest, lease and utility payments.

The PPP Term Note bears interest at a fixed annual rate of 1.00%, with the first six months of interest deferred. According to the terms of the PPP Term Note, the Company would begin to make 18 equal monthly payments of principal and interest in November 2020 with the final payment due in April 2022. The PPP Term Note may be accelerated upon the occurrence of an event of default. ~~The Company applied for forgiveness of the PPP Term Note during the third quarter of 2020.~~

As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021, the Company has not made any principal or interest payments related to the PPP Term Note.

The Company ~~anticipates~~applied for forgiveness ~~of the entire amount~~ of the PPP Term ~~Note; however, we are unable to estimate~~Note during the ~~timing~~third quarter of 2020. In July 2021, the Company was notified by PNC Bank of forgiveness of the ~~completion of~~note by the ~~forgiveness process. We~~United States Small Business Administration. Accordingly, the PPP Term Note was forgiven in its entirety, including all related accrued interest.

At June 30, 2021, we have ~~elected~~continued to classify the full principal balance of ~~the PPP Term Note~~$10.0 million within Long-term debt, net on the consolidated balance ~~sheet as of March 31, 2021. Under the existing terms~~sheet. We will recognize forgiveness of the PPP Term Note ~~if no forgiveness were granted~~in the ~~entire principal amount would be due within approximately twelve months.~~2021 third quarter.

In connection with the acquisition of the North Jackson facility, in August 2011, we issued $20.0 million in aggregate principal amount of notes to the sellers of the North Jackson facility as partial consideration of the acquisition.

On January 21, 2016, the Company entered into Amended and Restated Notes in the aggregate principal amount of $20.0 million (the “Notes”), each in favor of Gorbert Inc. (“Holder”). The Company’s obligations under the Notes were collateralized by a second lien on the same assets of the Company that collateralize the obligations of the Company under the Facilities. The Holder had the right to elect at any time on or prior to August 17, 2017 to convert all or any portion of the outstanding principal amount of the Notes.

The Notes were originally scheduled to mature on March 17, 2019. In 2019, the Company extended the maturity date to March 17, 2020 in accordance with the terms of the Notes. In 2020, the Company extended the maturity date to March 17, 2021 in accordance with the terms of the Notes. The Company made partial principal payments on the notes upon extension, and an aggregate principal amount of $15.0 million remained outstanding at the 2021 maturity date. On March 17, 2021, the Company paid the remaining principal balance and all applicable interest to settle the notes obligation.

The Notes had an applicable interest at a rate of 6.0% per year from August 17, 2017 until the time they were paid off. All accrued and unpaid interest was payable quarterly in arrears on September 18, December 18, March 18 and June 18 of each year.

On March 9, 2018, the Company entered into a qualified New Markets Tax Credit (“NMTC”) financing program with PNC New Markets Investment Partners, LLC and Boston Community Capital, Inc. related to a new mid-size bar cell capital project at the Company’s Dunkirk, NY facility. PNC New Markets Investment Partners, LLC made a capital contribution and the Company made a loan to Dunkirk Investment Fund, LLC (“Investment Fund”) under the qualified NMTC program. Through this financing transaction, the Company secured low interest financing and the potential for other future benefits related to its mid-size bar cell capital project.

In connection with the NMTC financing program, the Company loaned $6.7 million aggregate principal amount (“Leverage Loan”) due in March 2048 to the Investment Fund. Additionally, PNC New Markets Investment Partners, LLC contributed $3.5 million to the Investment Fund, and as

such, PNC New Markets Investment Partners, LLC is entitled to substantially all tax and other benefits derived from the NMTC. The Investment Fund then contributed the proceeds to a community development entity (“CDE”). The CDE then loaned the funds, on similar terms, as the Leverage Loan to Dunkirk Specialty Steel, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. The CDE loan proceeds are restricted for use on the mid-size bar cell capital project.

The NMTC is subject to 100 percent recapture for a period of seven years as provided in the Internal Revenue Code. The Company is required to comply with various regulations and contractual provisions that apply to the NMTC arrangement. Non-compliance with applicable requirements could result in projected tax benefits not being realized and, therefore, require the Company to indemnify PNC New Markets Investment Partners, LLC for any loss or recapture of NMTCs related to the financing until the Company’s obligation to deliver tax benefits is relieved. The Company does not anticipate any credit recaptures will be required in connection with this arrangement.

As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company recorded $2.8 million within Other long-term liabilities related to this transaction, which represents the funds contributed to the Investment Fund by PNC New Markets Investment Partners, LLC.

This transaction also includes a put/call provision whereby the Company may be obligated or entitled to repurchase PNC New Markets Investment Partners, LLC’s interest in the Investment Fund. The Company believes that PNC New Markets Investment Partners, LLC will exercise the put option in March 2025, at the end of the recapture period, resulting in a gain of $2.8 million at that time. The value attributed to the put/call is negligible.

Direct costs incurred in structuring this financing transaction totaled $0.7 million. These costs were deferred and are amortized over the term of the loans.

The Company has determined that the Investment Fund and CDE are each a VIE, and that it is the primary beneficiary of each VIE. This conclusion was reached based on the following:

Because the Company is the primary beneficiary of each VIE, these entities have been included in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

The fair value hierarchy has three levels based on the inputs used to determine fair value, which are as follows:

Level 1 — Unadjusted quoted prices available in active markets for the identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

Level 2 — Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, or unadjusted quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability.

Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that cannot be corroborated by observable market data and reflect the use of significant management judgment. These values are generally determined using pricing models for which the assumptions utilize management’s estimates of market participant assumptions.

The fair value hierarchy requires the use of observable market data when available. In instances where the inputs used to measure fair value fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the fair value measurement has been determined based on the lowest level input significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. Our assessment of the significance of a particular item to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, including the consideration of inputs specific to the asset or liability.

The carrying amounts of our cash, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximated fair value at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 due to their short-term maturities (Level 1). The fair value of the Term Loan and Revolving Credit facility at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 approximated the carrying amount as the interest rate is based upon floating short-term interest rates (Level 2). The fair value of our Notes was approximately $15.0 million at December 31, 2020 (Level 2).

From time to time, various lawsuits and claims have been or may be asserted against us relating to the conduct of our business, including routine litigation relating to commercial and employment matters. The ultimate cost and outcome of any litigation or claim cannot be predicted with certainty. Management believes, based on information presently available, that the likelihood that the ultimate outcome of any such pending matter will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, or liquidity or a material impact on our results of operations is remote, although the resolution of one or more of these matters may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations for the period in which the resolution occurs.

Management estimates the annual effective income tax rate quarterly, based on current annual forecasted results. Items unrelated to current year ordinary income are recognized entirely in the period identified as a discrete item of tax. The quarterly income tax provision includes tax on ordinary income provided at the most recent estimated annual effective tax rate (“ETR”), increased or decreased for the tax effect of discrete items.

For the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021 and 2020, our estimated annual effective tax rates applied to ordinary income were ~~25.8%~~27.5% and ~~28.3%~~24.7%, respectively. The difference between the federal statutory rate of 21.0% and the projected annual ETR of ~~25.8%~~27.5% for 2021 is primarily due to research and development credits.

Discrete items during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021 and 2020 were not significant and were primarily related to expense recorded upon the expiration of stock options, and our ETR for the first ~~quarter in~~half of each year was ~~25.1%~~26.3% and ~~27.0%~~23.6%, respectively.

The Company invoices certain customers in foreign currencies. In order to mitigate the risks associated with fluctuations in exchange rates with the U.S. Dollar, the Company entered into foreign exchange forward contracts to mitigate the foreign currency risk related to a portion of these sales, and has designated these contracts as cash flow hedges. The notional value of contracts was $0.9 million and $1.2 million at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and a related unrealized loss of less than $0.1 million was recorded in accumulated other comprehensive ~~income~~loss at each date.

Additionally, the Company entered into a forward interest rate swap contract during 2020 to fix the interest rate on a portion of its variable-rate debt from January 1, 2021 to June 30, 2023. The forward interest rate swap was designated as a cash flow hedge. The notional amount of the contract at its inception and at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021 was $16 million, and the notional amount will step down throughout the term. The contract had a related unrealized loss recorded in accumulated other comprehensive ~~income~~loss of less than $0.1 million at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains or incorporates forward looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Reform Act of 1995, which involves risks and uncertainties. The following information should be read in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated financial information and the notes thereto included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. You should not place undue reliance on these forward looking statements. Actual events or results may differ materially due to competitive factors and other factors referred to in Part 1A. Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. These factors may cause our actual results to differ materially from any forward looking statement. These forward looking statements are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts, and projections about the industry and markets in which we operate, and management’s beliefs and assumptions. In addition, other written or oral statements that constitute forward looking statements may be made by us or on our behalf. Words such as “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “may,” “target,” “project,” or variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that are difficult to predict.

We manufacture and market semi-finished and finished specialty steel products, including stainless steel, nickel alloys, tool steel and certain other alloyed steels. Our manufacturing process involves melting, remelting, heat treating, hot and cold rolling, forging, machining and cold drawing of semi-finished and finished specialty steels. Our products are sold to service centers, forgers, rerollers, and original equipment manufacturers. Our customers further process our products for use in a variety of industries, including the aerospace, power generation, oil and gas, heavy equipment and general industrial markets. We also perform conversion services on materials supplied by customers.

Sales in the ~~first~~second quarter of 2021 were ~~$37.0~~$38.5 million, an increase of ~~$5.7~~$1.5 million, or ~~18.2%~~4.0%, from the ~~fourth~~first quarter. Compared to the first quarter, ~~of 2020. During this period,~~ sales to all our end markets except aerospace increased. Sales to aerospace, our largest end market, decreased. Recovery in sales to commercial aerospace ~~increased $5.0 million, or 29.1%. Sales increased~~is expected in ~~all~~the second half of 2021 and 2022, which is supported by our ~~end markets compared to the fourth quarter of 2020, except for General Industrial.~~recent order entry and growing backlog.

Total ~~company~~Company backlog, before surcharges, at the end of the ~~first~~second quarter was ~~$58.0~~$98.9 million, an increase of ~~$10.0 million, or 21.0%, compared to~~70.6% over the first quarter level of $58.0 million. This is the second quarter in a row of double-digit growth in our backlog after a low point at the end of 2020. ~~This is the result of first quarter order entry that was stronger than any quarter in 2020.~~

During the quarter, our sales of premium alloy products, which we define as all vacuum induction melt products, totaled ~~$7.6~~$5.9 million and comprised ~~20.4%~~15.3% of total sales. This ~~percentage of sales~~ was ~~an increase~~a decrease compared to ~~both~~ the first quarter and ~~fourth quarters of 2020. Our~~driven by the decline in aerospace sales, as our premium alloy products are primarily sold to the aerospace end market.

Compared to the first quarter of 2020, sales decreased by $21.5 million, or 36.7%. The decrease was spread among all our end markets and is primarily due to the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our customers and the markets we serve.

Our gross margin for the ~~first~~second quarter was $2.2 million, or 5.6% of net sales, compared to a loss of $0.2 million, or negative 0.7% of net sales, ~~compared to a loss of $5.1 million, or negative 16.2% of net sales,~~ for the ~~fourth quarter of 2020.~~first quarter. Gross margin in the ~~first~~second quarter of 2020 was ~~$4.9~~$1.9, million or ~~positive 8.4%~~3.7% of net sales. The ~~first~~second quarter 2021 ~~negative~~gross margin ~~was due to~~included direct charges recorded to the income statement as a result of lower activity levels caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. As lower activity levels at our production facilities continued, ~~in the first quarter of 2021, $2.6~~$2.1 million of fixed overhead costs were not absorbed into inventory and were charged directly to expense during the quarter. ~~Without these direct charges, gross margin was 6.2%.~~

While the Company’s four plants continued to operate throughout 2020 and the first ~~quarter,~~half of 2021, COVID-19 related challenges ~~arose which~~ negatively impacted the efficiency of our operations. These challenges are expected to continue ~~through~~in the ~~second~~third quarter and may continue ~~to do so~~ thereafter. ~~All of these~~These factors may have additional far reaching impacts on the Company’s backlog, end markets, overall operations, cash flows and financial results.

The scope and nature of these impacts, most of which are beyond the Company’s control, continue to evolve, and the outcome is uncertain. The ultimate extent of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company, and the end markets we serve, isremains highly uncertain and will depend on future developments and, as such, effects could exist for an extended period, even after the pandemic may end.

Three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021 as compared to the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020:

	Three months ended March 31,												Three months ended June 30,
(in thousands, except shipped ton information)	2021				2020								2021				2020

	Amount		Percentage of net sales		Amount		Percentage of net sales		Dollar / ton variance		Percentage variance		Amount		Percentage of net sales		Amount		Percentage of net sales		Dollar / ton variance		Percentage variance

Net sales	$	37,038	100.0		$	58,494	100.0		$	(21,456)	(36.7)		$	38,502	100.0		$	52,479	100.0		$	(13,977)	(26.6)
Cost of products sold		37,286	100.7			53,585	91.6			(16,299)	(30.4)			36,338	94.4			50,542	96.3			(14,204)	(28.1)

Gross margin		(248)	(0.7)			4,909	8.4			(5,157)	(105.1)			2,164	5.6			1,937	3.7			227	11.7
Selling, general and administrative expenses		5,231	14.1			5,908	10.1			(677)	(11.5)			5,151	13.4			5,397	10.3			(246)	(4.6)

Operating loss		(5,479)	(14.8)			(999)	(1.7)			(4,480)	(448.4)			(2,987)	(7.8)			(3,460)	(6.6)			473	13.7
Interest expense		494	1.3			896	1.5			(402)	(44.9)			436	1.1			750	1.4			(314)	(41.9)
Deferred financing amortization		56	0.2			56	0.1			-	-			56	0.1			57	0.1			(1)	(1.8)
Other expense (income), net		16	-			(17)	-			33	194.1
Other expense, net														7	-			3	-			4	133.3

Loss before income taxes		(6,045)	(16.3)			(1,934)	(3.3)			(4,111)	(212.6)			(3,486)	(9.0)			(4,270)	(8.1)			784	18.4
Income taxes		(1,516)	(4.1)			(523)	(0.9)			(993)	(189.9)			(993)	(2.6)			(939)	(1.8)			(54)	(5.8)

Net loss	$	(4,529)	(12.2)	%	$	(1,411)	(2.4)	%	$	(3,118)	(221.0)		$	(2,493)	(6.4)	%	$	(3,331)	(6.3)	%	$	838	25.2

Tons shipped		7,048				10,120				(3,072)	(30.4)			7,268				8,987				(1,719)	(19.1)

Sales dollars per shipped ton	$	5,255			$	5,780			$	(525)	(9.1)	%	$	5,297			$	5,839			$	(542)	(9.3)	%

Market Segment Information
	Three months ended March 31,												Three months ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2021				2020								2021				2020
	Amount		Percentage of net sales		Amount		Percentage of net sales		Dollar variance		Percentage variance		Amount		Percentage of net sales		Amount		Percentage of net sales		Dollar variance		Percentage variance
Net sales:
Service centers	$	25,844	69.8	%	$	42,884	73.3	%	$	(17,040)	(39.7)	%	$	28,008	72.7	%	$	35,010	66.7	%	$	(7,002)	(20.0)	%
Original equipment manufacturers		4,795	12.9			5,695	9.7			(900)	(15.8)			2,785	7.2			6,524	12.4			(3,739)	(57.3)
Rerollers		3,793	10.2			5,105	8.7			(1,312)	(25.7)			5,114	13.3			5,334	10.2			(220)	(4.1)
Forgers		2,212	6.0			3,900	6.7			(1,688)	(43.3)			2,282	6.0			4,676	8.9			(2,394)	(51.2)
Conversion services and other		394	1.1			910	1.6			(516)	(56.7)			313	0.8			935	1.8			(622)	(66.5)

Total net sales	$	37,038	100.0	%	$	58,494	100.0	%	$	(21,456)	(36.7)	%	$	38,502	100.0	%	$	52,479	100.0	%	$	(13,977)	(26.6)	%

Melt Type Information
	Three months ended March 31,												Three months ended June 30,
(in thousands)	2021				2020								2021				2020
	Amount		Percentage of net sales			Amount	Percentage of net sales		Dollar variance		Percentage variance		Amount		Percentage of net sales			Amount	Percentage of net sales		Dollar variance		Percentage variance
Net sales:
Specialty alloys	$	29,091	78.5	%	$	49,920	85.3	%	$	(20,829)	(41.7)	%	$	32,295	83.9	%	$	39,102	74.5	%	$	(6,807)	(17.4)	%
Premium alloys (A)		7,553	20.4			7,664	13.1			(111)	(1.4)			5,894	15.3			12,442	23.7			(6,548)	(52.6)
Conversion services and other		394	1.1			910	1.6			(516)	(56.7)			313	0.8			935	1.8			(622)	(66.5)

Total net sales	$	37,038	100.0	%	$	58,494	100.0	%	$	(21,456)	(36.7)	%	$	38,502	100.0	%	$	52,479	100.0	%	$	(13,977)	(26.6)	%

The majority of our products are sold to service centers rather than the ultimate end market customers. The end market information in this Quarterly Report is our estimate based upon our knowledge of our customers and the grade of material sold to them, which they will in-turn sell to the ultimate end market customer.

End Market Information
		Three months ended March 31,													Three months ended June 30,
(in thousands)		2021				2020									2021				2020
		Amount		Percentage of net sales		Amount		Percentage of net sales		Dollar variance		Percentage variance			Amount		Percentage of net sales		Amount		Percentage of net sales		Dollar variance		Percentage variance
Net sales:
Aerospace		$	22,227	60.0	%	$	42,398	72.5	%	$	(20,171)	(47.6)	%		$	21,318	55.4	%	$	37,150	70.8	%	$	(15,832)	(42.6)	%
Power generation			1,199	3.2			2,217	3.8			(1,018)	(45.9)				1,407	3.7			2,116	4.0			(709)	(33.5)
Oil & gas			3,066	8.3			4,404	7.5			(1,338)	(30.4)				3,938	10.2			3,619	6.9			319	8.8
Heavy equipment			8,080	21.8			6,141	10.5			1,939	31.6				9,273	24.1			5,561	10.6			3,712	66.8
General industrial, conversion services and other	General industrial, conversion services and other		2,466	6.7			3,334	5.7			(868)	(26.0)		General industrial, conversion services and other		2,566	6.6			4,033	7.7			(1,467)	(36.4)

Total net sales		$	37,038	100.0	%	$	58,494	100.0	%	$	(21,456)	(36.7)	%		$	38,502	100.0	%	$	52,479	100.0	%	$	(13,977)	(26.6)	%

Net sales for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021 decreased ~~$21.5~~$14.0 million, or ~~36.7%~~26.6%, compared to the same period in the prior year. This was caused by the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our customers and end markets, and ultimately our order levels.

As a percent of net sales, our gross margin for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021 was ~~negative 0.7%~~5.6%, compared to ~~positive 8.4%~~3.7% for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020. The ~~decrease~~increase is due ~~to direct charges recorded~~in part to the ~~income statement as a result~~benefit of ~~lower activity levels caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. As lower activity levels~~operating efficiencies at our ~~production~~ facilities ~~continued in~~within the ~~first quarter~~cost of 2021, $2.6 million of fixed overhead costs were not absorbed into inventory and $1.8 million of negative operating efficiency variances were incurred. The total impact of $4.4 million was charged directly to expenseproducts sold during the ~~quarter. Without these direct charges, gross margin was 11.1%.~~period, as well as higher surcharges in our sales price.

Our selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses consist primarily of employee costs, which include salaries, payroll taxes and benefit related costs, professional services, stock compensation and insurance costs. SG&A expenses decreased by ~~$0.7~~$0.2 million for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021 compared to the same period in the prior year. The decrease ~~was primarily due to~~reflects lower ~~net~~ salary and benefit related costs due to lower ~~headcount.~~headcount, partly offset by an increase in accruals for incentive compensation.

Interest expense totaled approximately ~~$0.5~~$0.4 million in the ~~first~~second quarter of 2021 compared to ~~$0.9~~$0.8 million in the ~~first~~second quarter of 2020. The decrease reflects the benefit of lower interest rates as well as lower overall average debt levels.

For the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021 and 2020, our estimated annual effective tax rates applied to ordinary income were ~~25.8%~~27.5% and ~~28.3%~~24.7%, respectively. The difference between the federal statutory rate of 21.0% and the projected annual ETR of ~~25.8%~~27.5% for 2021 is primarily due to research and development credits.

Discrete items during the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021 and 2020 were not significant and ~~our~~were primarily related to expense recorded upon the expiration of stock options. Our ETR for the ~~first quarter in each year~~three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 was ~~25.1%~~28.5% and ~~27.0%~~22.0%, respectively.

For the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021, the Company recorded a net loss of ~~$4.5~~$2.5 million, or ~~$0.51~~$0.28 per diluted share, compared to a net loss of ~~$1.4~~$3.3 million, or ~~$0.16~~$0.38 per diluted share, for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020.

Six months ended June 30, 2021 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2020:

	Six months ended June 30,
(in thousands, except shipped ton information)	2021							2020

	Amount			Percentage of net sales				Amount			Percentage of net sales				Dollar / ton variance			Percentage variance
Total net sales		75,540			100.0				110,973			100.0				(35,433	)		(31.9	)
Cost of products sold		73,624			97.5				104,127			93.8				(30,503	)		(29.3	)

Gross margin		1,916			2.5				6,846			6.2				(4,930	)		(72.0	)
Selling, general and administrative expenses		10,382			13.7				11,305			10.2				(923	)		(8.2	)

Operating loss		(8,466	)		(11.2	)			(4,459	)		(4.0	)			(4,007	)		89.9
Interest expense		930			1.2				1,646			1.5				(716	)		(43.5	)
Deferred financing amortization		112			0.2				113			0.1				(1	)		(0.9	)
Other expense (income), net		23			-				(14	)		-				37			(264.3	)

Loss before income taxes		(9,531	)		(12.6	)			(6,204	)		(5.6	)			(3,327	)		53.6
Income taxes		(2,509	)		(3.3	)			(1,462	)		(1.3	)			(1,047	)		71.6

Net loss	$	(7,022	)		(9.3	)	%	$	(4,742	)		(4.3	)	%	$	(2,280	)		(48.1	)

Tons shipped		14,316							19,107							(4,791	)		(25.1	)

Sales dollars per shipped ton	$	5,277						$	5,808						$	(531	)		(9.1	)	%

Net sales for the six months ended June 30, 2021 decreased $35.4 million, or 31.9%, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2020. This reflects decreases in consolidated shipment volume of 25.1% and average sales dollar per shipped ton of 9.1%. The decrease in volume was caused by the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our customers and end markets, and ultimately our order levels. The decrease in sales dollars per shipped ton is due to the lower mix of aerospace and premium alloy products as a percent of sales, which was also driven by the overall economic impact of the pandemic on the end markets we serve.

Our gross margin, as a percent of sales, was 2.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to 6.2% for the six months ended June 30, 2020. The decrease is primarily the result of higher direct charges associated with lower activity levels due to the economic downturn in the first half of 2021 compared to the first half of 2020. The total fixed overhead amount directly charged to the income statement due to low activity in the first half of 2021 was $4.7 million, compared with $0.2 million in the same period in the prior year.

Our SG&A expenses consist primarily of employee costs, which include salaries, payroll taxes and benefit related costs, professional services, stock compensation and insurance costs. SG&A expenses decreased by $0.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to the same period in the prior year. The decrease reflects lower salary and benefit related costs due to lower headcount, partly offset by an increase in accruals for incentive compensation.

Interest expense totaled approximately $0.9 million in the first half of 2021 compared to $1.6 million in the first half of 2020. The decrease reflects the benefit of lower interest rates as well as lower overall average debt levels.

Management estimates the annual effective income tax rate quarterly, based on current annual forecasted results. Items unrelated to current year ordinary income are recognized entirely in the period identified as a discrete item of tax. The quarterly income tax provision includes tax on ordinary income provided at the most recent estimated annual ETR, increased or decreased for the tax effect of discrete items.

For the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, our estimated annual effective tax rates applied to ordinary income were 27.5% and 24.7%, respectively. The difference between the federal statutory rate of 21.0% and the projected annual ETR of 27.5% for 2021 is primarily due to research and development credits.

Discrete items during the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 were not significant and were primarily related to expense recorded upon the expiration of stock options. Our ETR for the first half of each year was 26.3% and 23.6%, respectively

For the six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recorded a net loss of $7.0 million, or $0.79 per diluted share, compared to a net loss of $4.7 million, or $0.54 per diluted share, for the six months ended June 30, 2020.

Historically, we have financed our operations through cash provided by operating activities and borrowings on our credit facilities. At ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021, we maintained approximately ~~$38.8~~$42.1 million of remaining availability under our revolving credit facility.

We believe that our cash flows from continuing operations, as well as available borrowings under our credit facility are adequate to satisfy our working capital, capital expenditure requirements, and other contractual obligations for the foreseeable future, including at least the next 12 months.

On April 16, 2020, the Company entered into a promissory note, dated April 15, 2020, with PNC Bank, National Association (“PNC Bank”), evidencing an unsecured loan with a principal amount of $10.0 million made to the Company pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP Term Note”) under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security ~~Act (the “CARES Act”).~~Act. The PPP Term Note is guaranteed by the United States Small Business Administration.

The PPP Term Note bears interest at a fixed annual rate of 1.00%, with the first six months of interest deferred. According to the terms of the PPP Term Note, the Company would begin to make 18 equal monthly payments of principal and interest in November 2020 with the final payment due in April 2022. The PPP Term Note may be accelerated upon the occurrence of an event of default. The Company applied for forgiveness of the PPP Term Note during the third quarter of 2020.

~~As of March 31,~~Through June 30, 2021, the Company has not made any principal or interest payments related to the PPP Term Note.

The Company ~~anticipates~~applied for forgiveness ~~of the entire amount~~ of the PPP Term ~~Note; however, we are unable to estimate~~Note during the ~~timing~~third quarter of 2020. In July 2021, PNC Bank notified the Company of forgiveness of the ~~completion of~~note by the ~~forgiveness process. We~~United States Small Business Administration. Accordingly, the PPP Term Note was forgiven in its entirety, including all related accrued interest.

During the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021, net cash of ~~$1.6~~$1.7 million was generated from operating activities. Our net loss, after adjustments for non-cash expenses, ~~used $0.9~~generated $0.7 million. We ~~generated $1.1~~used $2.9 million of cash from managed working capital, which we define as net accounts receivable, plus inventory, minus accounts payable, minus other current liabilities. Accounts receivable increased ~~$2.6 million~~ due to higher sales in the 2021 second quarter compared to the 2020 fourth quarter, while inventory increased ~~$0.6 million.~~$10.3 million to support our growing backlog. Accounts payable increased ~~$6.1 million due to~~$12.3 as well in line with the increased production activity compared to the end of 2020, and other current liabilities decreased ~~$1.9~~$1.8 million. We also generated ~~$1.5~~$3.9 million of cash from other assets and liabilities.

During the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, net cash used in operating activities was ~~$7.8~~$0.4 million. Our net loss, after adjustments for non-cash expenses, generated ~~$3.6~~$4.6 million. We utilized ~~$10.2~~$8.0 million of cash ~~from~~on managed working capital. Accounts receivable ~~increased $1.0 million,~~decreased due to ~~higher~~lower sales, ~~while~~and both inventory ~~was approximately flat. Accounts~~and accounts payable decreased ~~$9.2 million~~ due to ~~decreased~~lower melt activity levels and ~~timing of payments in the quarter, and a~~lower purchasing related to strategic spend reduction ~~in operational spend activity. The balance of other current liabilities was approximately flat.~~initiatives. In addition, we ~~utilized $1.2~~generated $2.9 million of cash from other assets and liabilities, primarily consisting of timing of business insurance payments ~~of accrued employment costs.~~and cash received under a prior insurance claim

During the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021, we used ~~$2.7~~$4.5 million of cash for capital expenditures, compared to ~~$4.0~~$7.2 million for the same period in the prior year. Approximately ~~$1.7 million~~half of the current ~~quarter~~year to date total is related to strategic projects to expand our melt and remelt capabilities related to premium products. These projects are scheduled for completion before the end of 2021, and total capital spending for 2021 is expected to approximate $11.0 million.

Net cash provided by financing activities was ~~$1.3~~$2.8 million for the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021, compared to ~~$11.9~~$7.7 million for the same period in the prior year. The decrease was due to better cash generation from our operations, and lower capital ~~expenditures and working capital needs.~~expenditures.

Financing activities included the impacts of amending our credit agreement in the first quarter of 2021, which primarily ~~the~~includes proceeds of $8.6 million received from increasing our term loan principal balance to $15.0 million. The proceeds from the ~~term loan facility~~Term Loan (as defined below) and borrowings onunder our ~~revolving credit facility~~Revolving Credit Facility (as defined below) were used to pay the $15.0 million in notes that matured during the first quarter.

The cost of raw materials represents approximately 40% of the cost of products sold in the first ~~three~~six months of 2021 and 2020. The major raw materials used in our operations include nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, chrome, iron and carbon scrap. Additionally, our Bridgeville facility uses graphite electrodes as a consumable supply in the melting process. We maintain a surcharge within our sales price ~~surcharge~~ to mitigate the risk of substantial raw material cost fluctuations. The market values for these raw materials and others continue to fluctuate based on supply and demand, market disruptions and

other factors. Over time, our surcharge will effectively offset changes in raw material costs; however, during a period of rising or falling prices the timing will cause variation between reporting periods.

On March 17, 2021, we entered into the Second Amended and Restated Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), with PNC Bank, National Association, as administrative agent and co-collateral agent, ~~(the “Agent”),~~ Bank of America, N.A., as co-collateral agent, ~~(“Bank of America”),~~ the Lenders (as defined in the ~~New~~ Credit Agreement) party thereto from time to time and PNC Capital Markets LLC, as sole lead arranger and sole ~~bookrunner (“PNC Capital Markets”).~~bookrunner. The Credit Agreement replaces our prior credit agreement, and provides for a senior secured revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $105.0 million (“Revolving Credit Facility”) and a senior secured term loan facility (“Term Loan”) in the amount of $15.0 million (together with the Revolving Credit Facility, the “Facilities”).

The Company was in compliance with all the applicable financial covenants on the date we entered into the Credit Agreement and ~~at March 31,~~through June 30, 2021.

Availability under the Credit Agreement is based on eligible accounts receivable and inventory. The Company must maintain undrawn availability under the Credit Agreement of at least $11.0 million. That requirement can be overcome if the Company maintains a fixed charge coverage ratio of not less than 1.10 to 1.0 measured on a rolling two quarter basis and calculated in accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement.

The Company is required to pay a commitment fee of 0.25% based on the daily unused portion of the Revolving Credit Facility.

We incurred $0.5 million in additional financing costs in conjunction with the execution of the Credit Agreement, which were recorded to the consolidated balance sheet ~~at March 31,~~in the first quarter of 2021 and will be amortized to interest expense over the life of the Credit Agreement. At ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021, we had total Credit Agreement related net deferred financing costs of approximately $1.0 million. For the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021, we amortized $0.1 million of those deferred financing costs.

The Company periodically enters into leases in its normal course of business. Operating lease liabilities and right-of-use assets are recorded to the consolidated balance sheet at the present value of minimum lease payments. The assets are included in Other long-term assets in the consolidated balance sheets and are amortized over the respective terms, which are five years or less. The long-term component of the lease liability is recorded in Other long-term liabilities, net and the current component is included in Other current liabilities.

The right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for finance leases are recorded at the present value of minimum lease payments. The assets are included in Property, plant and equipment, net on the consolidated balance sheets and are depreciated over the respective lease terms. The long-term component of the lease liability is included in Long-term debt and the current component is included in Current portion of long-term debt.

The Company entered into one new ~~lease~~ agreement accounted for as an operating lease during the first quarter of 2021, and did not enter into any new agreements accounted for as an operating or finance lease agreements during the second quarter.

The Company has reviewed its market risk and believes there are no significant changes from that disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, except as provided in this Form 10-Q in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and in Part II. Item 1A. “Risk Factors.”

The Company’s management, including the Company’s Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer (in his capacity as the Company’s principal executive, financial and accounting officer), performed an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, the Company’s Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer concluded that, as of the end of the fiscal period covered by this quarterly report, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective. During the fiscal quarter ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021, there were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting which have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

There are no material changes from the legal proceedings disclosed in Item 3. of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

In addition to the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 could materially affect our business, financial conditions or future results. Those risk factors are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or operating results. We believe that there have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	DESCRIPTION	PAGE NO.

PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION	1

Item 1.	Financial Statements	1

	Consolidated Statements of Operations	1

	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss	2

	Consolidated Balance Sheets	3

	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow	4

	Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity	5

	Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements	6

Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	13

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	1820

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	1820

PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION	1921

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	1921

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	1921

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	1921

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	1921

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	1921

Item 5.	Other Information	1921

Item 6.	Exhibits	2022

SIGNATURES		2123

Exhibit Number		Exhibit

10.1		Universal Stainless & Alloy Products, Inc. Amended and Restated 2017 Equity Incentive Plan (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 7, 2021).

10.2		Universal Stainless & Alloy Products, Inc. Amended and Restated 1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 7, 2021).

31.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith).

31.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith).

32.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith).

101		The following financial information from this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2021, formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) and filed electronically herewith: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations; (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss; (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity; and (v) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (filed herewith).

104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in the Exhibit 101 attachments).

Date: ~~April~~July 21, 2021

/s/ Dennis M. Oates
Dennis M. Oates
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive, Financial and Accounting Officer)

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☑

Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☑

Emerging growth company	☐