(Address, including zip code, of ~~registrant’s~~ principal executive offices)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

At ~~May 4, 2022,~~April 27, 2023, there were ~~90,526,686~~92,034,672 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.

	Common Stock				Additional Paid-in			Accumulated Other Comprehensive			Accumulated
	Shares		Amount		Capital			Loss			Deficit			Total			Common Stock				Additional Paid-in			Retained Earnings (Accumulated
Balance at December 31, 2020		88,024	$	880	$	2,580,327		$	(371,365	)	$	(310,386	)	$	1,899,456
Common stock issued under stock incentive plans		705		7		12,733			—			—			12,740
Repurchase of shares for payroll tax withholding, net of proceeds from stock option exercises		—		—		(4,521	)		—			—			(4,521	)
Equity-based compensation expense		—		—		7,034			—			—			7,034
Other		—		—		2,208			—			—			2,208
Other comprehensive income		—		—		—			371,365			—			371,365
Net income attributable to Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc.		—		—		—			—			9,717			9,717
Balance at March 31, 2021		88,729		887		2,597,781			—			(300,669	)		2,297,999
Common stock issued under stock incentive plans		188		2		5,620			—			—			5,622
Repurchase of shares for payroll tax withholding, net of proceeds from stock option exercises		—		—		(580	)		—			—			(580	)
Equity-based compensation expense		—		—		9,031			—			—			9,031
Net income attributable to Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc.		—		—		—			—			44,514			44,514
Balance at June 30, 2021		88,917		889		2,611,852			—			(256,155	)		2,356,586
Common stock issued under stock incentive plans		89		1		3,254			—			—			3,255
Repurchase of shares for payroll tax withholding, net of proceeds from stock option exercises		—		—		(444	)		—			—			(444	)
Equity-based compensation expense		—		—		8,923			—			—			8,923
Net income attributable to Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc.		—		—		—			—			66,126			66,126
Balance at September 30, 2021		89,006		890		2,623,585			—			(190,029	)		2,434,446
Common stock issued under stock incentive plans		22		—		412			—			—			412
Repurchase of shares for payroll tax withholding, net of proceeds from stock option exercises		—		—		(189	)		—			—			(189	)
Equity-based compensation expense		—		—		12,542			—			—			12,542
Net income attributable to Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc.		—		—		—			—			70,278			70,278
																	Shares		Amount		Capital			Deficit)			Total
Balance at December 31, 2021		89,028		890		2,636,350			—			(119,751	)		2,517,489			89,028	$	890	$	2,636,350		$	(119,751	)	$	2,517,489
Common stock issued under stock incentive plans		633		7		3,742			—			—			3,749			633		7		3,742			—			3,749
Repurchase of shares for payroll tax withholding, net of proceeds from stock option exercises		—		—		(15,490	)		—			—			(15,490	)		—		—		(15,490	)		—			(15,490	)
Equity-based compensation expense		—		—		7,925			—			—			7,925			—		—		7,925			—			7,925
Net income attributable to Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc.		—		—		—			—			60,837			60,837			—		—		—			60,837			60,837
Balance at March 31, 2022		89,661	$	897	$	2,632,527		$	—		$	(58,914	)	$	2,574,510			89,661		897		2,632,527			(58,914	)		2,574,510
Common stock issued under stock incentive plans																		113		1		3,147			—			3,148
Repurchase of shares for payroll tax withholding, net of proceeds from stock option exercises																		—		—		(1,275	)		—			(1,275	)
Equity-based compensation expense																		—		—		6,580			—			6,580
Net income attributable to Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc.																		—		—		—			80,079			80,079
Balance at June 30, 2022																		89,774		898		2,640,979			21,165			2,663,042
Common stock issued under stock incentive plans																		101		1		3,066			—			3,067
Repurchase of shares for payroll tax withholding, net of proceeds from stock option exercises																		—		—		(740	)		—			(740	)
Equity-based compensation expense																		—		—		7,240			—			7,240
Net income attributable to Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc.																		—		—		—			71,099			71,099
Balance at September 30, 2022																		89,875		899		2,650,545			92,264			2,743,708
Common stock issued under stock incentive plans																		39		—		1,649			—			1,649
Repurchase of shares for payroll tax withholding, net of proceeds from stock option exercises																		—		—		(287	)		—			(287	)
Equity-based compensation expense																		—		—		7,890			—			7,890
Other																		—		—		(1,357	)		—			(1,357	)
Net income attributable to Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc.																		—		—		—			61,124			61,124
Balance at December 31, 2022																		89,914		899		2,658,440			153,388			2,812,727
Common stock issued under stock incentive plans																		1,039		11		1,192			—			1,203
Repurchase of shares for payroll tax withholding, net of proceeds from stock option exercises																		—		—		(48,874	)		—			(48,874	)
Equity-based compensation expense																		—		—		7,629			—			7,629
Other																		—		—		902			—			902
Net income attributable to Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc.																		—		—		—			66,015			66,015
Balance at March 31, 2023																		90,953	$	910	$	2,619,289		$	219,403		$	2,839,602

Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc. (the “Company”) develops and operates inpatient psychiatric facilities, residential treatment centers, group homes, substance abuse facilities and facilities providing outpatient behavioral healthcare services to serve the behavioral health and recovery needs of communities throughout the United States (“U.S.”) and Puerto Rico. At March 31, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company operated ~~238~~250 behavioral healthcare facilities with approximately ~~10,600~~11,100 beds in 4039 states and Puerto Rico.

On January 19, 2021, the Company completed the sale of its operations in the United Kingdom (“U.K.”) to RemedcoUK Limited, a company organized under the laws of England and Wales and owned by funds managed or advised by Waterland Private Equity Fund VII (the “U.K. Sale”). The U.K. Sale allowed the Company to reduce its indebtedness and focus on the Company’s U.S. operations. As a result of the U.K. Sale, the Company reported, for all periods presented, results of operations and cash flows of the U.K. operations as discontinued operations in the accompanying financial statements. See Note 9 – U.K. Sale.

The business of the Company is conducted through limited liability companies, partnerships and C-corporations. The Company’s consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all subsidiaries controlled by the Company through its direct or indirect ownership of majority interests and exclusive rights granted to the Company as the controlling member of an entity. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for fair presentation of the Company’s financial position and results of operations have been included. The Company’s fiscal year ends on December 31 and interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year or any other interim period. The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, ~~2021~~2022 has been derived from the audited financial statements as of that date. The information contained in these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the fiscal year ended December 31, ~~2021~~2022 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on ~~March 1, 2022.~~February 28, 2023. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

During March 2020, the global pandemic of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19 (“COVID-19”) began to affect the Company’s facilities, employees, patients, communities, business operations and financial performance, as well as the broader U.S. and U.K. economies and financial markets. At many of the Company’s facilities, employees and/or patients have tested positive for COVID-19. The Company is committed to protecting the health of its communities and continues to respond to the evolving COVID- 19 situation while taking steps to provide quality care and protect the health and safety of patients and employees. Nevertheless, the Company could continue to be impacted by COVID-19 if new strains of the virus cause additional disruptions. The COVID-19 pandemic could have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial condition, cash flows and ability to service its indebtedness and may affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements including those related to collectability of accounts receivable as well as professional and general liability reserves, tax assets and liabilities and may result in a potential impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets.

Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior year to conform to the current year presentation.

In November 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2021-10, ~~“Government~~“Government Assistance (Topic 832)” (“ASU 2021-10”). ASU 2021-10 provides guidance to increase the transparency of government assistance including the disclosure of (1) the types of assistance, (2) an entity’s accounting for the assistance, and (3) the effect of the assistance on an entity’s financial statements. ASU 2021-10 applies to all business entities except for not-for-profit entities within the scope of Topic 958, Not-for-Profit Entities, and employee benefit plans within the scope of Topic 960, Plan Accounting—Defined Benefit Pension Plans, Topic 962, Plan Accounting—Defined Contribution Pension Plans, and Topic 965, Plan

Accounting—Health and Welfare Benefit Plans that account for a transaction with a government by applying a grant or contribution accounting model by analogy to other accounting guidance (for example, a grant model within IAS 20, Accounting for Government Grants and Disclosure of Government Assistance, or Subtopic 958-605, Not-For-Profit Entities—Revenue Recognition). ASU 2021-10 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. Early adoption is permitted. The Company ~~is evaluating~~adopted ASU 2021-10 for the ~~impact of ASU 2021-10~~year ended December 31, 2022. See Note 9 – The CARES Act for additional information on the Company’s ~~consolidated financial statements.~~accounting for government grants received.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting” (“ASU 2020-04”). ASU 2020-04 provides optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for or recognizing the effects of reference rate reform on financial reporting and applies only to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference ~~LIBOR~~the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. ASU 2020-04 is effective as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, ~~2022.~~2024. Entities may adopt ASU 2020-04 as of any date from the beginning of an interim period that includes or is subsequent to March 12, 2020 or prospectively from a date within an interim period that includes or is subsequent to March 12, 2020, up to the date that the financial statements are available to be issued. The Company ~~continues to evaluate~~adopted ASU 2020-04 for the ~~impact of ASU 2021-10 and does not expect a~~ quarter ended

March 31, 2023. See Note 11 – Long Term Debt for additional information on the Company’s accounting for the reference rate reform. There is no significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Revenue is primarily derived from services rendered to patients for inpatient psychiatric and substance abuse care, outpatient psychiatric care and residential treatment. The services provided by the Company have no fixed duration and can be terminated by the patient or the facility at any time, and therefore, each treatment is its own stand-alone contract.

Services ordered by a healthcare provider in an episode of care are not separately identifiable and therefore have been combined into a single performance obligation for each contract. The Company recognizes revenue as its performance obligations are completed. The performance obligation is satisfied over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the healthcare services provided. For inpatient services, the Company recognizes revenue equally over the patient stay on a daily basis. For outpatient services, the Company recognizes revenue equally over the number of treatments provided in a single episode of care. Typically, patients and third-party payors are billed within several days of the service being performed or the patient being discharged, and payments are due based on contract terms.

As the Company’s performance obligations relate to contracts with a duration of one year or less, the Company elected the optional exemption in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) ~~ASC~~ 606-10-50-14(a). Therefore, the Company is not required to disclose the transaction price for the remaining performance obligations at the end of the reporting period or when the Company expects to recognize the revenue. The Company has minimal unsatisfied performance obligations at the end of the reporting period as its patients typically are under no obligation to remain admitted in the Company’s facilities.

The Company disaggregates revenue from contracts with customers by service type and by payor.

The Company’s facilities and services provided by the facilities can generally be classified into the following categories: acute inpatient psychiatric facilities; specialty treatment facilities; comprehensive treatment centers (“CTCs”); and residential treatment centers.

Acute inpatient psychiatric facilities. Acute inpatient psychiatric facilities provide a high level of care in order to stabilize patients that are either a threat to themselves or to others. The acute setting provides 24-hour observation, daily intervention and monitoring by psychiatrists.

Specialty treatment facilities. Specialty treatment facilities include residential recovery facilities and eating disorder ~~facilities and comprehensive treatment centers.~~facilities. The Company provides a comprehensive continuum of care for adults with addictive disorders and co-occurring mental disorders. Inpatient, including detoxification and rehabilitation, partial hospitalization and outpatient treatment programs give patients access to the least restrictive level of care.

Comprehensive treatment centers. CTCs specialize in providing medication-assisted treatment in an outpatient setting to
individuals addicted to opioids such as opioid analgesics (prescription pain medications).

Residential treatment centers. Residential treatment centers treat patients with behavioral disorders in a non-hospital setting, including outdoor programs. The facilities balance therapy activities with social, academic and other activities.

The Company receives payments from the following sources for services rendered in its facilities: (i) state governments under their respective Medicaid and other programs; (ii) commercial insurers; (iii) the federal government under the Medicare program administered by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”); and (iv) individual patients and clients.

The Company determines the transaction price based on established billing rates reduced by contractual adjustments provided to third-party payors, discounts provided to uninsured patients and implicit price concessions. Contractual adjustments and discounts are based on contractual agreements, discount policies and historical experience. Implicit price concessions are based on historical collection experience. Most of the Company’s facilities have contracts containing variable consideration. However, it is unlikely a significant reversal of revenue will occur when the uncertainty is resolved, and therefore, the Company has included the variable consideration in the estimated transaction price. Subsequent changes resulting from a patient’s ability to pay are recorded as bad debt expense, which is included as a component of other operating expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Bad debt expense for the three months ended March 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021~~2022 was not significant.

Contract liabilities consisted of unearned revenue from CMS’ Accelerated and Advance Payment Program and other advances. In April 2020, the Company received approximately $45 million from CMS’ Accelerated and Advance Payment Program for Medicare providers. Of the $45 million of advance payments received in 2020, the Company repaid approximately $25 million of advance payments during 2021 and made additional payments of approximately $8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022. The Company will continue to repay the remaining balance throughout the rest of 2022. Contract liabilities of $26.3 million and $30.4 million are included in other accrued liabilities at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. A summary of the activity in contract liabilities is as follows (in thousands):

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021~~2022 (in thousands, except per share amounts):

Approximately 0.5 million and 0.7 million shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock option awards were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for ~~both~~ the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, ~~and 2021,~~respectively, because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

The Company’s strategy is to acquire and develop behavioral healthcare facilities and improve operating results within its facilities and its other behavioral healthcare operations.

On ~~December 31, 2021,~~November 7, 2022, the Company acquired the equity of CenterPointe Behavioral Health System, LLC and certain related entities (“CenterPointe”) for cash consideration of approximately $139 million. The acquisition was funded through a combination of cash on hand and a $70.0 million draw on the Company’s revolving credit facility. CenterPointe operates 4 acute inpatient hospitals with 306 beds and 10 outpatient locations primarilyfour CTCs located in ~~Missouri.~~Georgia from Brand New Start Treatment Centers.

~~The preliminary fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the CenterPointe acquisition were as follows (in thousands):~~

The fair values assigned to certain assets acquired and liabilities assumed by the Company have been estimated on a preliminary basis and are subject to change as new facts and circumstances emerge that were present at the date of acquisition. Specifically, the Company is further assessing the valuation of intangible assets and certain tax matters as well as certain receivables and assumed liabilities of CenterPointe. The qualitative factors comprising the goodwill acquired in the CenterPointe acquisition include the value of the business and efficiencies derived through synergies expected by the elimination of certain redundant corporate functions and expenses, coordination of services provided across the combined network of facilities, achievement of operating efficiencies by benchmarking performance and applying best practices.

Transaction-related expenses represent costs primarily related to legal, accounting, termination, restructuring, management transition, acquisition and other similar costs. Transaction-related expenses comprised the following costs for the three months ended March 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021~~2022 (in thousands):

The Company has recorded assets held for sale within other current assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets for closed properties actively marketed of $14.8 million and $15.8 million as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.8

~~12.~~

~~Long-Term Debt~~

11.

Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2022			December 31, 2021
New Credit Facility:
							March 31, 2023			December 31, 2022
Credit Facility:
Term Loan A	$	414,375		$	417,031		$	393,125		$	398,438
Revolving Line of Credit		160,000			170,000			115,000			75,000
5.500% Senior Notes due 2028		450,000			450,000
5.000% Senior Notes due 2029		475,000			475,000
5.500% Senior Notes due 2028								450,000			450,000
5.000% Senior Notes due 2029								475,000			475,000
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs, discount and premium		(14,277	)		(14,811	)		(12,097	)		(12,647	)
		1,485,098			1,497,220			1,421,028			1,385,791
Less: current portion		(21,250	)		(18,594	)		(21,250	)		(21,250	)
Long-term debt	$	1,463,848		$	1,478,626		$	1,399,778		$	1,364,541

~~New~~ Credit Facility

The Company entered into a credit agreement establishing a new senior credit facility (the ~~“New Credit~~“Credit Facility”) on March 17, ~~2021. This New~~2021. The Credit Facility provides for a ~~$600.0~~$600.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Facility”) and a ~~$425.0~~$425.0 million senior secured term loan facility (the “Term Loan Facility” and, together with the Revolving Facility, the “Senior Facilities”), with each maturing on March 17, 2026 ~~unless extended in accordance with the terms of the New Credit Facility.~~. The Revolving Facility further provides for (i) up to ~~$20.0~~$20.0 million, towhich may be utilized for the issuance of letters of credit and (ii) the availability of a swingline facility under which the Company may borrow up to ~~$20.0~~$20.0 million.

AsOn March 30, 2023, the Company entered into the First Amendment to the Credit Facility (the “First Amendment”). The First Amendment replaced LIBOR with the Secured Overnight Financing Rate as determined for a ~~part~~term of, at the Company’s option, one, three or six months, plus an adjustment of 0.10% (“Adjusted Term SOFR”). Borrowings under the Credit Facility bear interest at a rate equal to, at the Company’s option, either (a) a base rate determined by reference to the highest of (i) the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, (ii) the prime rate of Bank of America or (iii) Adjusted Term SOFR for a one month interest period or (b) Adjusted Term SOFR, in each case plus an applicable margin that varies according to the total leverage ratio of the ~~closing~~Company from 0.375% to 1.250% in the case of base rate loans and from 1.375% to 2.250% in the case of Adjusted Term SOFR loans. In addition, an unused fee that varies according to the total leverage ratio of the ~~New Credit Facility~~Company from 0.200% to 0.350% is payable quarterly in arrears based on ~~March 17, 2021,~~ the ~~Company (i) refinanced and terminated~~average daily undrawn portion of the commitments in respect of the Revolving Facility. There is no significant impact on the Company’s ~~prior credit facilities under the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated~~consolidated financial statements as ~~of December 31, 2012 (the “Prior Credit Facility”) and (ii) financed the redemption of all~~a result of the ~~Company’s outstanding 5.625% Senior Notes due 2023 (the “5.625% Senior Notes”).~~First Amendment.

During the three months ended March 31, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company ~~repaid $10.0~~borrowed $40.0 million ~~of the balance outstanding~~ on the Revolving Facility. The Company had ~~$436.8~~$481.6 million of availability under the Revolving Facility and had standby letters of credit outstanding of ~~$3.2~~$3.4 million related to security for the payment of claims required by its workers’ compensation insurance program at March 31, ~~2022.~~2023.

The ~~New~~ Credit Facility requires quarterly term loan principal repayments for the Term Loan Facility of ~~$5.3~~approximately $5.3 million for June 30, ~~2022~~2023 to March 31, 2024, ~~$8.0~~approximately $8.0 million for June 30, 2024 to March 31, 2025, ~~$10.6~~and approximately $10.6 million for June 30, 2025 to December 31, 2025, with the remaining principal balance of the Term Loan Facility due on the maturity date of March 17, ~~2026.~~2026.

The Company has the ability to increase the amount of the Senior Facilities, which may take the form of increases to the Revolving Facility or the Term Loan Facility or the issuance of one or more incremental term loan facilities (collectively, the “Incremental Facilities”), upon obtaining additional commitments from new or existing lenders and the satisfaction of customary conditions precedent for such Incremental Facilities. Such Incremental Facilities may not exceed the sum of (i) the greater of ~~$480.0~~$480.0 million and an amount equal to ~~100%~~100% of the Consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the ~~New~~ Credit Facility) of the Company and ~~its Restricted Subsidiaries (as defined in the New Credit Facility) (as determined for the four fiscal quarter period most recently ended for which financial statements are available), and~~ (ii) additional amounts ~~so long as, after giving effect thereto,~~that would not cause the Consolidated Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the ~~New~~ Credit Facility) ~~does not~~to exceed 3.5 to 1.0.

Subject to certain exceptions, substantially all of the Company’s existing and subsequently acquired or organized direct or indirect wholly-owned U.S. subsidiaries are required to guarantee the repayment of the Company’s obligations under the ~~New~~ Credit Facility. ~~Borrowings~~The Company and such guarantor subsidiaries have
granted a security interest on substantially all personal property assets as collateral for the obligations under the Senior Facilities bear interest at a floating rate, which will initially be, at the Company’s option, either (i) adjusted LIBOR plus 1.50% or (ii) an alternative base rate plus 0.50% (in each case, subject to adjustment based on the Company’s consolidated total net leverage ratio). An unused fee initially set at 0.20% per annum (subject to adjustment based on the Company’s consolidated total net leverage ratio) is payable quarterly in arrears based on the actual daily undrawn portion of the commitments in respect of the Revolving Facility.Credit Facility

The ~~New~~ Credit Facility contains customary representations and affirmative and negative covenants, including limitations on the Company’s and its subsidiaries’ ability to incur additional debt, grant or permit additional liens, make investments and acquisitions, merge or consolidate with others, dispose of assets, pay dividends and distributions, pay junior indebtedness and enter into affiliate transactions, in each case, subject to customary exceptions. In addition, the ~~New~~ Credit Facility contains financial covenants requiring

~~Table of contents~~

the Company on a consolidated basis to maintain, as of the last day of any consecutive four fiscal quarter period, a consolidated total net leverage ratio of not more than 5.0 to 1.0 and an interest coverage ratio of at least 3.0 to 1.0. The ~~New~~ Credit Facility also includes events of default customary for facilities of this type and upon the occurrence of any such ~~events~~event of default, among other things, all outstanding loans under the Senior Facilities may be accelerated, ~~and/or~~ the lenders’ commitments ~~terminated.~~may be terminated, and/or the lenders may exercise collateral remedies. At March 31, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company was in compliance with ~~such~~all financial covenants.

~~Prior Credit Facility~~

The Company entered into a senior secured credit facility (the “Senior Secured Credit Facility”) on April 1, 2011. On December 31, 2012, the Company entered into the Prior Credit Facility which amended and restated the Senior Secured Credit Facility. The Company amended the Prior Credit Facility from time to time as described in the Company’s prior filings with the SEC.

On January 5, 2021, the Company made a voluntary payment of $105.0 million on the Term Loan B Facility Tranche B-4 (“Tranche B-4 Facility”). On January 19, 2021, the Company used a portion of the net proceeds from the U.K. Sale to ~~repay the outstanding balances of $311.7 million of its TLA Facility and $767.9 million of its Tranche B-4 Facility of the Prior Credit Facility~~. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, in connection with the termination of the Prior Credit Facility, the Company recorded a debt extinguishment charge of $10.9 million, including the write-off of discount and deferred financing costs, which was recorded in debt extinguishment costs in the condensed consolidated statement of operations.

Senior Notes

5.500% Senior Notes due 2028

On June 24, 2020, the Company issued ~~$450.0~~$450.0 million of ~~5.500%~~the 5.500% Senior Notes due 2028 (the “5.500% Senior Notes”). The 5.500% Senior Notes mature on July 1, 2028 and bear interest at a rate of 5.500% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on January 1 and July 1 of each year, commencing on January 1, ~~2021.~~2021.

5.000% Senior Notes due 2029

On October 14, 2020, the Company issued ~~$475.0~~$475.0 million of ~~5.000%~~5.000% Senior Notes due 2029 (the “5.000% Senior Notes”). The 5.000% Senior Notes mature on April 15, 2029 and bear interest at a rate of 5.000% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on April 15 and October 15 of each year, commencing on April 15, 2021. The Company used the net proceeds of the 5.000% Senior Notes to prepay approximately $453.3 million of the outstanding borrowings on its existing Term Loan B Facility Tranche B-3 (“Tranche B-3 Facility”) and used the remaining net proceeds for general corporate purposes and to pay related fees and expenses in connection with the offering. In connection with the 5.000% Senior Notes, the Company recorded a debt extinguishment charge of $2.9 million, including the write-off of discount and deferred financing costs of the Tranche B-3 Facility, which was recorded in debt extinguishment costs in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020.

The indentures governing the 5.500% Senior Notes and the 5.000% Senior Notes (together, the “Senior Notes”) contain covenants that, among other things, limit the Company’s ability and the ability of its restricted subsidiaries to: (i) pay dividends, redeem stock or make other distributions or investments; (ii) incur additional debt or issue certain preferred stock; (iii) transfer or sell assets; (iv) engage in certain transactions with affiliates; (v) create restrictions on dividends or other payments by the restricted subsidiaries; (vi) merge, consolidate or sell substantially all of the ~~Company’s~~Company's assets; and (vii) create liens on assets.

The Senior Notes issued by the Company are guaranteed by each of the Company’s subsidiaries that guarantee the Company’s obligations under the ~~New~~ Credit Facility. The guarantees are full and unconditional and joint and several.

The Company may redeem the Senior Notes at its option, in whole or part, at the dates and amounts set forth in the indentures.

~~5.625% Senior Notes due 2023~~

On February 11, 2015, the Company issued $375.0 million of 5.625% Senior Notes. On September 21, 2015, the Company issued $275.0 million of additional 5.625% Senior Notes. The additional notes formed a single class of debt securities with the 5.625% Senior Notes issued in February 2015. Giving effect to this issuance, the Company had outstanding an aggregate of $650.0 million of 5.625% Senior Notes. The 5.625% Senior Notes were to mature on February 15, 2023 and bear interest at a rate of 5.625% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on February 15 and August 15 of each year. On March 17, 2021, the Company redeemed the 5.625% Senior Notes.

~~6.500% Senior Notes due 2024~~

On February 16, 2016, the Company issued $390.0 million of 6.500% Senior Notes due 2024 (the “6.500% Senior Notes”). The 6.500% Senior Notes were to mature on March 1, 2024 and bear interest at a rate of 6.500% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on March 1 and September 1 of each year, beginning on September 1, 2016. On March 1, 2021, the Company redeemed the

~~Table of contents~~

12.

Noncontrolling Interests

~~6.500% Senior Notes.~~

~~Redemption of 5.625% Senior Notes and 6.500% Senior Notes~~

On January 29, 2021, the Company issued conditional notices of full redemption providing for the redemption in full of $650 million of 5.625% Senior Notes and $390 million of 6.500% Senior Notes to the holders of such notes.

On March 1, 2021, the Company satisfied and discharged the indentures governing the 6.500% Senior Notes. In connection with the redemption of the 6.500% Senior Notes, the Company recorded debt extinguishment costs of $10.5 million, including $6.3 million cash paid for breakage costs and the write-off of deferred financing costs of $4.2 million in the condensed consolidated statement of operations.

On March 17, 2021, the Company satisfied and discharged the indentures governing the 5.625% Senior Notes. In connection with the redemption of the 5.625% Senior Notes, the Company recorded debt extinguishment costs of $3.3 million, including the write-off of deferred financing and premiums costs in the condensed consolidated statement of operations.

~~13.~~

~~Noncontrolling Interests~~

Noncontrolling interests in the consolidated financial statements represents the portion of equity held by noncontrolling partners in the Company’s non-wholly owned subsidiaries. At March 31, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company operated 6eight facilities through non-wholly owned subsidiaries. The Company owns between ~~60%~~approximately 65% and ~~86%~~86% of the equity interests of these entities, and noncontrolling partners own the remaining equity interests. The initial value of the noncontrolling interests is based on the fair value of contributions. The Company consolidates the operations of each facility based on its status as primary beneficiary, as further discussed in Note 1413 – Variable Interest Entities. The noncontrolling interests are reflected as redeemable noncontrolling interests on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets based on put rights that could require the Company to purchase the noncontrolling interests upon the occurrence of a change in control.

The components of redeemable noncontrolling interests are as follows (in thousands):

Balance at December 31, 2021

$
65,388

Contributions from noncontrolling partners in joint ventures

4,290

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

1,073

Distributions to noncontrolling partners in joint ventures

(447
)
Balance at March 31, 2022

$
70,304


Balance at December 31, 2022	$	88,257
Contributions from noncontrolling partners in joint ventures		1,655
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		543
Balance at March 31, 2023	$	90,455


~~14.~~	~~Variable Interest Entities~~

13.

Variable Interest Entities

For legal entities where the Company has a financial relationship, the Company evaluates whether it has a variable interest and determines if the entity is considered a variable interest entity (“VIE”). If the Company concludes an entity is a VIE and the Company is the primary beneficiary, the entity is consolidated. The primary beneficiary analysis is a qualitative analysis based on power and benefits. A reporting entity has a controlling financial interest in a VIE and must consolidate the VIE if it has both power and benefits. It must have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that potentially could be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that potentially could be significant to the VIE.

At March 31, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company operated 6eight facilities through non-wholly owned subsidiaries. The Company owns between ~~60%~~approximately 65% and ~~86%~~86% of the equity interests of these entities, and noncontrolling partners own the remaining equity interests. The Company manages each of these facilities, is responsible for the ~~day to day~~day-to-day operations and, therefore, has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses or receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. These activities include, but are not limited to, behavioral healthcare services, human resource and employment-related decisions, marketing and finance. The terms of the agreements governing each of the Company’s VIEs prohibit the Company from using the assets of each VIE to satisfy the obligations of other entities. Consolidated assets at March 31, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021~~2022 include total assets of variable interest entities of ~~$337.3~~$461.5 million and ~~$320.6~~$434.2 million, respectively, which cannot be used to settle the obligations of other entities. Consolidated liabilities at March 31, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021~~2022 include total liabilities of variable interest entities of ~~$26.1~~$25.3 million and ~~$24.1~~$24.4 million, respectively.

~~Table of contents~~

The consolidated VIEs assets and liabilities in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets are shown below (in thousands):


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022

Cash and cash equivalents	$	38,648	$	32,478
Accounts receivable, net		26,576		23,789
Other current assets		2,526		2,561
Total current assets		67,750		58,828
Property and equipment, net		331,819		313,358
Goodwill		39,564		39,564
Intangible assets, net		16,139		16,139
Operating lease right-of-use assets		6,201		6,284
Total assets	$	461,473	$	434,173


Accounts payable	$	5,442	$	4,650
Accrued salaries and benefits		4,535		6,866
Current portion of operating lease liabilities		243		233
Other accrued liabilities		8,676		6,179
Total current liabilities		18,896		17,928
Operating lease liabilities		6,371		6,433
Total liabilities	$	25,267	$	24,361

March 31,
2022

December 31,
2021

Cash and cash equivalents

$
27,159

$
26,360

Accounts receivable, net

19,854

20,144

Other current assets

1,570

1,304

Total current assets

48,583

47,808

Property and equipment, net

236,765

220,793

Goodwill

34,945

34,945

Intangible assets, net

10,490

10,490

Operating lease right-of-use assets

6,524

6,603

Total assets

$
337,307

$
320,639

Accounts payable

$
3,736

$
3,690

Accrued salaries and benefits

6,139

5,656

Current portion of operating lease liabilities

206

197

Other accrued liabilities

8,325

6,818

Total current liabilities

18,406

16,361

Operating lease liabilities

6,614

6,666

Other liabilities

1,083

1,083

Total liabilities

$
26,103

$
24,110

14.

Equity-Based Compensation

~~15.~~

~~Equity-Based Compensation~~

Equity Incentive Plans

The Company issues stock-based awards, including stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units, to certain officers, employees and non-employee directors under the Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc. Incentive Compensation Plan (the “Equity Incentive Plan”). At March 31, ~~2022,~~2023, a maximum of 12,700,000 shares of the Company’s common stock were authorized for issuance as stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units or other share-based compensation under the Equity Incentive Plan, of which ~~3,913,868~~2,885,024 were available for future grant. Stock options may be granted for terms of up to ~~10 years.~~ten years. The Company recognizes expense on all share-based awards on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the entire award. Grants to employees generally vest in annual increments of ~~25%~~25% each year, commencing one year after the date of grant. The exercise prices of stock

options are equal to the most recent closing price of the Company’s common stock on the most recent trading date prior to the date of grant.

The Company recognized ~~$7.9~~$7.6 million and ~~$7.0~~$7.9 million in equity-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Stock compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and ~~2021, respectively.~~2022 is impacted by forfeiture adjustments and restricted stock unit adjustments based on actual performance compared to vesting targets. At March 31, ~~2022,~~2023, there was ~~$49.3~~$78.1 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested options, restricted stock and restricted stock units, which is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted average vesting period of 1.5 years.

The Company recognized a deferred income tax benefit of ~~$2.0~~$2.1 million and ~~$1.8~~$2.0 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively, related to equity-based compensation expense.

~~Table of contents~~

Stock Options

Stock option activity during ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2022~~2023 was as follows:

	Number of Options			Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Options outstanding at January 1, 2021		1,510,306		$	37.56		7.35	$	1,414
										Number of Options			Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Options outstanding at January 1, 2022											1,106,069		$	42.07
Options granted		324,320			57.53		9.31		851		334,260			55.73
Options exercised		(558,322	)		39.45	N/A			11,118		(285,577	)		40.66
Options cancelled		(170,235	)		40.08	N/A		N/A			(175,475	)		46.98
Options outstanding at December 31, 2021		1,106,069			42.07		7.49		19,988
Options outstanding at December 31, 2022											979,277			46.27
Options granted		306,120			53.65		9.91		1,406		226,940			80.40
Options exercised		(110,559	)		33.91	N/A			3,202		(32,491	)		37.01
Options cancelled		(31,530	)		46.24	N/A		N/A			(19,945	)		50.32
Options outstanding at March 31, 2022		1,270,100		$	45.47		7.94	$	16,483
Options exercisable at December 31, 2021		324,409		$	43.24		5.48	$	5,575
Options exercisable at March 31, 2022		458,705		$	42.76		6.26	$	7,331
Options outstanding at March 31, 2023											1,153,781		$	53.17		7.71	$	24,007
Options exercisable at March 31, 2023											507,616		$	42.08		6.27	$	15,315

Fair values are estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The following table summarizes the grant-date fair value of options and the assumptions used to develop the fair value estimates for options granted during the three months ended March 31, ~~2022~~2023 and year ended December 31, ~~2021:~~2022:


	March 31, 2023			December 31, 2022
Weighted average grant-date fair value of options	$	31.80		$	20.72
Risk-free interest rate		4.2	%		2.0	%
Expected volatility		37	%		39	%
Expected life (in years)		5.0			5.0

March 31,
2022

December 31,
2021

Weighted average grant-date fair value of options

$
19.67

$
20.64

Risk-free interest rate

1.9
%

0.9
%
Expected volatility

39
%

40
%
Expected life (in years)

5.0

5.0

The Company’s estimate of expected volatility for stock options is based upon the volatility of its stock price over the expected life of the award. The risk-free interest rate is the approximate yield on U.S. Treasury Strips having a life equal to the expected option life on the date of grant. The expected life is an estimate of the number of years an option will be held before it is exercised.

Other Stock-Based Awards

Restricted stock activity during ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2022~~2023 was as follows:


	Number of Shares			Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Unvested at January 1, 2022		926,627		$	37.84
Granted		650,396			64.65
Cancelled		(145,205	)		49.03
Vested		(386,616	)		32.64
Unvested at December 31, 2022		1,045,202		$	54.89
Granted		275,280			79.25
Cancelled		(29,456	)		59.21
Vested		(218,330	)		41.11
Unvested at March 31, 2023		1,072,696		$	63.83

Number of
Shares

Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value

Unvested at January 1, 2021

1,022,996

$
28.41

Granted

352,430

58.32

Cancelled

(82,751
)

39.63

Vested

(366,048
)

30.81

Unvested at December 31, 2021

926,627

$
37.84

Granted

272,740

53.87

Cancelled

(31,545
)

42.54

Vested

(292,748
)

30.41

Unvested at March 31, 2022

875,074

$
45.15

~~Table of contents~~

Restricted stock unit activity during ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2022~~2023 was as follows:

	Number of Units			Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Unvested at January 1, 2021		1,073,062		$	20.15
						Number of Units			Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Unvested at January 1, 2022							1,504,420		$	23.20
Granted		149,416			61.52		105,311			73.96
Performance adjustment		465,993			25.49		182,543			33.05
Cancelled		—			—		—			—
Vested		(184,051	)		42.30		(518,474	)		43.16
Unvested at December 31, 2021		1,504,420		$	23.20
Unvested at December 31, 2022							1,273,800		$	20.69
Granted		—			—		—			—
Performance adjustment		116,608			28.19		355,010			11.21
Cancelled		—			—		—			—
Vested		(518,474	)		43.16		(1,408,195	)		10.60
Unvested at March 31, 2022		1,102,554		$	14.35
Unvested at March 31, 2023							220,615		$	68.11

Restricted stock awards are time-based vesting awards that vest over a period of three or four years and are subject to continuing service of the employee or non-employee director over the ratable vesting periods. The fair values of the restricted stock awards were determined based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the trading date immediately prior to the grant date.

Restricted stock units are granted to employees and are subject to Company performance compared to pre-established targets. In addition to Company performance, these performance-based restricted stock units are subject to the continuing service of the employee during the ~~two- or~~ three-year period covered by the awards. The performance condition for the restricted stock units is based on the Company’s achievement of annually established targets for diluted earnings per share. The number of shares issuable at the end of the applicable vesting period of restricted stock units ranges from 0%0% to ~~200%~~200% of the targeted units based on the Company’s actual performance compared to the targets.

The fair values of restricted stock units were determined based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the trading date immediately prior to the grant date for units subject to performance conditions.

15.

Income Taxes

~~16.~~

~~Income Taxes~~

The provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021~~2022 reflects effective tax rates of ~~21.9%~~22.3% and ~~21.2%~~21.9%, respectively. ~~The three months ended March 31, 2022 includes tax benefits related to settlements of employee equity compensation awards and legal entity restructuring.~~

As the Company continues to monitor the implications of potential tax legislation in each of its jurisdictions, the Company may adjust ~~its~~ estimates and record additional amounts for tax assets and liabilities. Any adjustments to the Company’s tax assets and liabilities could materially impact ~~its~~the provision for income taxes and its effective tax rate in the periods in which they are made.


~~17.~~	~~Fair Value Measurements~~

16.

Fair Value Measurements

The carrying amounts reported for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, other current assets, accounts payable and other current liabilities approximate fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments.

The carrying amounts and fair values of the ~~Company’s New~~ Credit Facility, 5.500% Senior Notes and 5.000% Senior Notes at March 31, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021~~2022 were as follows (in thousands):

	Carrying Amount				Fair Value
	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021		March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021		Carrying Amount				Fair Value
New Credit Facility	$	571,927	$	584,418	$	571,927	$	584,418
									March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022		March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Credit Facility									$	506,336	$	471,489	$	506,336	$	471,489
5.500% Senior Notes due 2028	$	444,091	$	443,894	$	444,668	$	466,577	$	444,902	$	444,694	$	418,208	$	422,459
5.000% Senior Notes due 2029	$	469,080	$	468,908	$	463,075	$	481,802	$	469,790	$	469,609	$	453,347	$	433,214

~~Table of contents~~

The ~~Company’s New~~ Credit Facility, ~~5.500%~~5.500% Senior Notes and ~~5.000%~~5.000% Senior Notes were categorized as Level 2 in the GAAP fair value hierarchy. Fair values were based on trading activity among the Company’s lenders and the average bid and ask price as determined using published rates.

17.

Commitments and Contingencies

~~18.~~

~~Commitments and Contingencies~~

Professional and General Liability

A portion of the Company’s professional liability risks are insured through a wholly-owned insurance ~~subsidiary.~~subsidiary providing coverage for up to $10.0 million per claim through August 31, 2022 and $5.0 million and $10.0 million for certain other claims thereafter. The Company ~~is self-insured for professional liability claims up to $10.0 million and~~ has obtained reinsurance coverage from a third party to cover claims in excess of ~~the~~those retention ~~limit.~~limits. The reinsurance policy has a coverage limit of ~~$60.0~~$75.0 million or $70.0 million for certain other claims in the aggregate. The Company’s reinsurance receivables are recognized consistent with the related liabilities and include known claims and any incurred but not reported claims that are covered by current insurance policies in place.

Legal Proceedings

The Company is, from time to time, subject to various claims, lawsuits, governmental investigations and regulatory actions, including claims for damages for personal injuries, medical malpractice, overpayments, breach of contract, securities law violations, tort and employment related claims. In these actions, plaintiffs request a variety of damages, including, in some instances, punitive and other types of damages that may not be covered by insurance. In addition, healthcare companies are subject to numerous investigations by various governmental agencies. Certain of the Company’s individual facilities have received, and from time to time, other facilities may receive, subpoenas, civil investigative demands, audit requests and other inquiries from, and may be subject to investigation by, federal and state agencies. These investigations can result in repayment obligations, and violations of the False Claims Act can result in substantial monetary penalties and fines, the imposition of a corporate integrity agreement and exclusion from participation in governmental health programs. In addition, the federal False Claims Act permits private parties to bring qui tam, or “whistleblower,” suits against companies that submit false claims for payments to, or improperly retain overpayments from, the government. Some states have adopted similar state whistleblower and false claims provisions.

On April 1, 2019, a consolidated complaint was filed against the Company and certain former and current officers in the lawsuit styled St. Clair County Employees’ Retirement System v. Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc., et al., Case No. 3:19-cv-00988, which is pending in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee. The complaint purports to be brought on behalf of a class consisting of all persons (other than defendants) who purchased securities of the Company between April 30, 2014 and November 15, 2018, and alleges that defendants violated Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder. On September 30, 2022, the court entered an order certifying a class consisting of all persons who purchased or otherwise acquired the common stock of the Company between April 30, 2014 and November 15, 2018. At this time, the Company is not able to quantify any potential liability in connection with this litigation because the case is in its early stages.

On February 21, 2019, a purported stockholder filed a related derivative action on behalf of the Company against certain former and current officers and directors in the lawsuit styled Davydov v. Joey A. Jacobs, et al., Case No. 3:19-cv-00167, which is pending in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee. The complaint alleges claims for violations of Section 10(b) and 14(a) of the Exchange Act, breach of fiduciary duty, waste of corporate assets, and unjust enrichment. On May 23, 2019, a purported stockholder filed a second related derivative action on behalf of the Company against certain former and current officers and directors in the lawsuit styled Beard v. Jacobs, et al., Case No. 3:19-cv-0441, which is pending the United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee. The complaint alleges claims for violations of Sections 10(b), 14(a), and 21D of the Exchange Act, breach of

fiduciary duty, waste of corporate assets, unjust enrichment, and insider selling. On June 11, 2019, the Davydov and Beard actions were consolidated. On February ~~16,~~22, 2021, the ~~parties filed a stipulation~~court entered an order staying the case. On October 23, 2020, a purported stockholder filed a third related derivative action on behalf of the Company against former and current officers and directors in the lawsuit styled Pfenning v. Jacobs, et al., Case No. 2020-0915-JRS, which is pending in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware. The complaint alleges claims for breach of fiduciary duty. On February 17, 2021, the court entered an order staying the case. On February 24, 2021, a purported stockholder filed a fourth derivative action on behalf of the Company against former and current officers and directors in the lawsuit styled Solak v. Jacobs, et al., Case No. 2021-0163, which is pending in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware. The complaint alleges claims for breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, waste of corporate assets, and insider selling. At this time, the Company is not able to quantify any potential liability in connection with this litigation because the cases are in their early stages.

In the fall of 2017, the Office of Inspector General (“OIG”) issued subpoenas to three of the Company’s facilities requesting certain documents from January 2013 to the date of the subpoenas. The U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Middle District of Florida issued a civil investigative demand to one of the Company’s facilities in December 2017 requesting certain documents from November 2012 to the date of the demand. In April 2019, the OIG issued subpoenas relating to six additional facilities requesting certain documents and information from January 2013 to the date of the subpoenas. The government’s investigation of each of these facilities is focused on claims not eligible for payment because of alleged violations of certain regulatory requirements relating to, among other things, medical necessity, admission eligibility, discharge decisions, length of stay and patient care issues. The Company is cooperating with the government’s investigation but is not able to quantify any potential liability in connection with these investigations.

~~Table of contents~~

~~19.~~

~~Derivatives~~

The Company entered into foreign currency forward contracts during the year ended December 31, 2020 in connection with certain transfers of cash between the U.S. and U.K. under the Company’s cash management and foreign currency risk management programs. Foreign currency forward contracts limit the economic risk of changes in the exchange rate between USD and GBP associated with cash transfers.

In August 2019, the Company also entered into multiple cross currency swap agreements with an aggregate notional amount of $650.0 million to manage foreign currency risk by effectively converting a portion of its fixed-rate USD-denominated senior notes, including the semi-annual interest payments thereunder, to fixed-rate GBP-denominated debt of £538.1 million. During the term of the swap agreements, the Company received semi-annual interest payments in USD from the counterparties at fixed interest rates, and the Company made semi-annual interest payments in GBP to the counterparties at fixed interest rates. The interest payments under the cross-currency swap agreements resulted in £25.4 million of annual cash flows from the Company’s U.K. business being converted to $35.8 million.

In conjunction with the U.K. Sale in January 2021, the Company settled its cross currency swap liability and outstanding forward contracts as shown in investing activities in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

~~20.~~

~~Financial Information for the Company and Its Subsidiaries~~

The Company conducts substantially all of its business through its subsidiaries. The 5.500% Senior Notes and 5.000% Senior Notes are jointly and severally guaranteed on an unsecured senior basis by all of the Company’s subsidiaries that guarantee the Company’s obligations under the New Credit Facility. Summarized financial information is presented below is consistent with the condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company, except transactions between combining entities have been eliminated. Financial information for the combined non-guarantor entities has been excluded. Presented below is condensed financial information for the combined wholly-owned subsidiary guarantors at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, and for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

~~Summarized balance sheet information (in thousands):~~

March 31, 2022

December 31, 2021

Current assets

$
453,748

$
422,113

Property and equipment, net

1,534,615

1,525,569

Goodwill

2,087,700

2,086,978

Total noncurrent assets

3,908,572

3,893,087

Current liabilities

388,834

385,044

Long-term debt

1,447,937

1,460,046

Total noncurrent liabilities

1,753,630

1,752,271

Redeemable noncontrolling interests

—

—

Total equity

2,219,856

2,177,885

~~Summarized operating results information (in thousands):~~

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022

Revenue

$
569,806

Income before income taxes

72,712

Net income

56,687

Net income attributable to Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc.

56,687

~~Table of contents~~

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

~~Item 2.~~

~~Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.~~

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include any statements that address future results or occurrences. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “might,” “will,” “would,” “should,” “could” or the negative thereof. Generally, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “project,” “plan” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. In particular, statements about our expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, assumptions or future events or performance are forward-looking statements.

We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections. While we believe these expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections are reasonable, such forward-looking statements are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which are outside of our control, which could cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from any results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to:

•

the impact of competition for staffing, labor shortages and higher turnover rates on our labor costs and profitability;

•

the impact of increases in inflation and rising interest rates;

•

compliance with laws and government regulations;

•

our indebtedness, our ability to meet our debt obligations, and our ability to incur substantially more debt;

•

the impact of payments received from the government and third-party payors on our revenue and results of operations;

•

the impact of volatility in the global capital and credit markets, as well as significant developments in macroeconomic and
political conditions that are out of our control;

•

the impact of general economic and employment conditions, including increased construction and other costs due to inflation, on our business and future results of operations;

•

difficulties in successfully integrating the operations of acquired facilities or realizing the potential benefits and synergies of our acquisitions and joint ventures;

•

our ability to recruit and retain quality psychiatrists and other physicians, nurses, counselors and other medical support personnel;

•

the occurrence of patient incidents, which could result in negative media coverage, adversely affect the price of our
securities and result in incremental regulatory burdens and governmental investigations;

•

the impact of claims brought against us or our facilities including claims for damages for personal injuries, medical malpractice, overpayments, breach of contract, securities law violations, tort and employee related claims;

•

the impact of governmental investigations, regulatory actions and whistleblower lawsuits;

•

any failure to comply with the terms of our corporate integrity agreement with the OIG;

•

the impact of healthcare reform in the U.S.;

•

our acquisition, joint venture and wholly-owned de novo strategies, which expose us to a variety of operational and financial risks, as well as legal and regulatory risks;

•

the impact of state efforts to regulate the construction or expansion of healthcare facilities on our ability to operate and expand our operations;

•

our ability to implement our business strategies;

•

the impact of disruptions on our inpatient and outpatient volumes caused by pandemics, epidemics or outbreaks of
infectious diseases, such as the COVID-19 pandemic;

•

our dependence on key management personnel, key executives and local facility management personnel;

•

our restrictive covenants, which may restrict our business and financing activities;

•

the impact of adverse weather conditions and climate change, including the effects of hurricanes, wildfires and other natural
disasters, and any resulting outmigration;


•	~~the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our inpatient and outpatient volumes, or disruptions caused by other pandemics, epidemics or outbreaks of infectious diseases;~~

•

the risk of a cyber-security incident and any resulting adverse impact on our operations or violation of laws and regulations regarding information privacy;

•

our future cash flow and earnings;

•

the impact of our highly competitive industry on patient volumes;

•

our ability to cultivate and maintain relationships with referral sources;

•

the impact of the trend for insurance companies and managed care organizations to enter into sole source contracts on our
ability to obtain patients;

•

the impact of value-based purchasing programs on our revenue;

•

our potential inability to extend leases at expiration;

•

the impact of controls designed to reduce inpatient services on our revenue;

•

the impact of different interpretations of accounting principles on our results of operations or financial condition;

•

the impact of environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, especially in locations where we have concentrated operations;

•

the impact of laws and regulations relating to privacy and security of patient health information and standards for electronic transactions;

•

the impact of a change in the mix of our earnings, adverse changes in our effective tax rate and adverse developments in tax laws generally;

•

changes in interpretations, assumptions and expectations regarding recent tax legislation, including provisions of the CARES Act and additional guidance that may be issued by federal and state taxing authorities;

•

failure to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting;

•

the impact of fluctuations in our operating results, quarter to quarter earnings and other factors on the price of our securities; and

•

those risks and uncertainties described from time to time in our filings with the SEC.

•

~~the impact of vaccine and other pandemic-related mandates imposed by local, state and federal authorities on our business;~~

•

~~costs of providing care to our patients, including increased staffing, equipment and supply expenses resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic;~~

•

~~the impact of the retirement of Debra K. Osteen, our former chief executive officer, and our ability to integrate Christopher H. Hunter, our new chief executive officer;~~

•

~~our significant indebtedness, our ability to meet our debt obligations, and our ability to incur substantially more debt;~~

•

~~our ability to implement our business strategies, especially in light of the COVID-19 pandemic;~~

•

~~the impact of payments received from the government and third-party payors on our revenue and results of operations;~~

•

~~difficulties in successfully integrating the operations of acquired facilities or realizing the potential benefits and synergies of our acquisitions and joint ventures;~~

•

~~our ability to recruit and retain quality psychiatrists and other physicians, nurses, counselors and other medical support personnel;~~

•

~~the impact of competition for staffing on our labor costs and profitability;~~

•

~~the impact of increases to our labor costs;~~

•

~~the impact of general economic and employment conditions on our business and future results of operations;~~

•

the occurrence of patient incidents, which could result in negative media coverage, adversely affect the price of our securities and result in incremental regulatory burdens and governmental investigations;

•

~~our future cash flow and earnings;~~

•

~~our restrictive covenants, which may restrict our business and financing activities;~~

•

~~the impact of the economic and employment conditions on our business and future results of operations;~~

•

~~the impact of adverse weather conditions, including the effects of hurricanes and wildfires;~~

•

~~compliance with laws and government regulations;~~

•

~~the impact of governmental investigations, regulatory actions and whistleblower lawsuits;~~

•

~~any failure to comply with the terms of our corporate integrity agreement with the OIG;~~

•

~~the impact of healthcare reform in the U.S.;~~

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•

~~the risk of a cyber-security incident and any resulting adverse impact on our operations or violation of laws and regulations regarding information privacy;~~

•

~~the impact of our highly competitive industry on patient volumes;~~

•

~~our dependence on key management personnel, key executives and local facility management personnel;~~

•

~~our acquisition, joint venture and wholly-owned de novo strategies, which expose us to a variety of operational and financial risks, as well as legal and regulatory risks;~~

•

~~the impact of state efforts to regulate the construction or expansion of healthcare facilities on our ability to operate and expand our operations;~~

•

~~our potential inability to extend leases at expiration;~~

•

~~the impact of controls designed to reduce inpatient services on our revenue;~~

•

~~the impact of different interpretations of accounting principles on our results of operations or financial condition;~~

•

~~the impact of environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, especially in locations where we have concentrated operations;~~

•

~~the impact of laws and regulations relating to privacy and security of patient health information and standards for electronic transactions;~~

•

~~our ability to cultivate and maintain relationships with referral sources;~~

•

~~the impact of a change in the mix of our earnings, adverse changes in our effective tax rate and adverse developments in tax laws generally;~~

•

~~failure to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting;~~

•

~~the impact of fluctuations in our operating results, quarter to quarter earnings and other factors on the price of our securities;~~

•

~~the impact of the trend for insurance companies and managed care organizations to enter into sole source contracts on our ability to obtain patients;~~

•

~~the impact of value-based purchasing programs on our revenue; and~~

•

~~those risks and uncertainties described from time to time in our filings with the SEC.~~

Given these risks and uncertainties, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties may cause our actual future results to be materially different than those expressed in our forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are made only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We do not undertake and specifically decline any obligation to update any such statements or to publicly announce the results of any revisions to any such statements to reflect future events or developments.

Overview

Our business strategy is to acquire and develop behavioral healthcare facilities and improve our operating results within our facilities and our other behavioral healthcare operations. We strive to improve the operating results of our facilities by providing high-quality services, expanding referral networks and marketing initiatives while meeting the increased demand for behavioral healthcare services through expansion of our current locations as well as developing new services within existing locations. At March 31, ~~2022,~~2023, we operated ~~238~~250 behavioral healthcare facilities with approximately ~~10,600~~11,100 beds in 4039 states and Puerto Rico. During the three months ended March 31, ~~2022,~~2023, we added 28106 beds to existing ~~facilities and opened one comprehensive treatment center (“CTC”).~~facilities. For the year ending December 31, ~~2022,~~2023, we expect to add approximately 300 beds through additions to existing facilities, and we expect to open two wholly-owned facilities, two joint venture facilities and at least six CTCs.

We are the leading publicly traded pure-play provider of behavioral healthcare services in the ~~United States.~~U.S. Management believes that we are positioned as a leading platform in a highly fragmented industry under the direction of an experienced management team that has significant industry expertise. Management expects to take advantage of several strategies that are more

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accessible as a result of our increased size and geographic scale, including continuing a national marketing strategy to attract new patients and referral sources, increasing our volume of out-of-state referrals, providing a broader range of services to new and existing patients and clients and selectively pursuing opportunities to expand our facility and bed count in the U.S. through acquisitions, wholly-owned de novo facilities, joint ventures and bed additions in existing facilities.

~~On January~~ 19 2021, we completed the U.K. Sale pursuant to a Share Purchase Agreement in which we sold all of the securities of AHC-WW Jersey Limited, a private limited liability company incorporated in Jersey and a subsidiary of the Company, which constituted the entirety of our U.K. business operations.

The U.K. Sale resulted in approximately $1,525 million of gross proceeds before deducting the settlement of existing foreign currency hedging liabilities of $85 million based on the current GBP to USD exchange rate, cash retained by the buyer and transaction costs.

We used the net proceeds of approximately $1,425 million (excluding cash retained by the buyer) along with cash from the balance sheet to reduce debt by $1,640 million during the first quarter of 2021. ~~As a result of the U.K. Sale, we reported, for all periods presented, results of operations and cash flows of the U.K. operations as discontinued operations in the accompanying financial statements.~~

COVID-19

During March 2020, the global pandemic of COVID-19 began to affect our facilities, employees, patients, communities, business operations and financial performance, as well as the broader U.S. ~~and U.K. economies~~economy and financial ~~markets.~~market. At many of our facilities, employees and/or patients have tested positive for COVID-19. We are committed to protecting the health of our communities and have been responding to the evolving COVID-19 situation while taking steps to provide quality care and protect the health and safety of our patients and employees. Over the last ~~two~~three years, all of our facilities have closely followed infectious disease protocols, as well as recommendations by the ~~CDC~~Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and local health officials.

~~We have taken numerous steps to help minimize the impact of the virus on our patients and employees. For example, we:~~

•

~~established an internal COVID-19 taskforce;~~

•

instituted social distancing practices and protective measures throughout our facilities, which included restricting or suspending visitor access, screening patients and staff who enter our facilities based on criteria established by the CDC and local health officials, and testing and isolating patients when warranted;

•

~~implemented plans to vaccinate all eligible employees at our facilities that participate in CMS reimbursement programs;~~

•

~~secured contracts with additional distributors for supplies;~~

•

~~expanded telehealth capabilities;~~

•

~~implemented emergency planning in directly impacted markets; and~~

•

~~limited all non-essential business travel and suspended in-person trainings and conferences.~~

We have developed additional supply chain management processes, which includes extensive tracking and delivery of key personal protective equipment (“PPE”) and supplies and sharing resources across all facilities. We could experience supply chain disruptions and significant price increases in equipment, pharmaceuticals and medical supplies, particularly PPE. Pandemic-related staffing difficulties and equipment, pharmaceutical and medical supplies shortages may impact our ability to treat patients at our facilities. Such shortages could lead to us paying higher prices for supplies, equipment and labor and an increase in overtime hours paid to our employees.

CARES Act and Other Regulatory Developments

On March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was signed into law. The CARES Act is intended to provide over $2 trillion in stimulus benefits for the U.S. economy. Among other things, the CARES Act includes additional support for small businesses, expands unemployment benefits, makes forgivable loans available to small businesses, provides for certain federal income tax changes, and provides $500 billion for loans, loan guarantees, and other investments for or in U.S. businesses.

In addition, the CARES Act contains a number of provisions that are intended to assist healthcare providers as they combat the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Those provisions include, among others:

•

an appropriation to the PHSSE Fund, also known as the Provider Relief Fund, to reimburse, through grants or other mechanisms, eligible healthcare providers and other approved entities for COVID-19-related expenses or lost revenue;

•

the expansion of CMS’ Accelerated and Advance Payment Program;

•

the temporary suspension of Medicare sequestration from May 1, 2020 to March 31, 2022, which was reduced to 1% on
April 1, 2022 and was eliminated effective July 1, 2022; and

•

waivers or temporary suspension of certain regulatory requirements.

•

~~an appropriation to the PHSSE Fund to reimburse, through grants or other mechanisms, eligible healthcare providers and other approved entities for COVID-19-related expenses or lost revenue;~~

•

~~the expansion of CMS’ Accelerated and Advance Payment Program;~~

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•

~~the temporary suspension of Medicare sequestration from May 1, 2020, to March 31, 2022; and~~

•

~~waivers or temporary suspension of certain regulatory requirements.~~

The U.S. government initially announced it would offer $100 billion of relief to eligible healthcare providers through the PHSSE Fund. On April 24, 2020, then President Trump signed into law the PPP Act. Among other things, the PPP Act allocated $75 billion to eligible healthcare providers to help offset COVID-19 related losses and expenses. The $75 billion allocated under the PPP Act iswas in addition to the $100 billion allocated to healthcare providers for the same purposes in the CARES Act and has been disbursed to providers under terms and conditions similar to the CARES Act funds. WeIn 2020, we received approximately ~~$19.7~~$34.9 million of the ~~initial~~ funds distributed from the PHSSE ~~Fund in April 2020. We received an additional $12.8~~Fund. During the fourth quarter of 2020, we recorded approximately $32.8 million of income from ~~the~~provider relief fund related to PHSSE Fund funds received in ~~August~~ 2020.

In ~~April~~ 2021, we received $24.2 million of additional funds from the PHSSE Fund. During the fourth quarter of 2021, we recorded $17.9 million of income from provider relief fund related to the PHSSE Fund funds received. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we received $7.7 million of additional funds from the PHSSE Fund and $14.2 million from the ARP Rural Payments for Hospitals. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded $21.5 million of income from provider relief fund related to PHSSE Fund and ARP funds received. The remaining ARP funds of $9.0 million are included in ~~2021.~~other accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2023. We continue to evaluate our compliance with the terms and conditions to, and the financial impact of, these additional funds ~~received.~~received, including potential repayment of the remaining balance.

~~Using existing authority~~Healthcare providers were required to sign an attestation confirming receipt of the PHSSE Fund funds and ~~certain expanded authority under~~agree to the ~~CARES Act,~~terms and conditions of payment. Under the terms and conditions for receipt of the payment, we were allowed to use the funds to cover lost revenues and healthcare costs related to COVID-19, and we were required to properly and fully document the use of these funds to the U.S. Department of Health &and Human ~~Services (“HHS”) expanded CMS’ Accelerated and Advance Payment Program to a broader group of Medicare Part A and Part B providers for the duration~~Services. The reporting of the ~~COVID-19 pandemic. Under the program, certain of our facilities were eligible~~funds is subject to ~~request up to 100% of their Medicare payment amount~~future audit for a three-month period. Under the original terms of the program, the repayment of these accelerated/advanced payments would have begun 120 days after the date of the issuance of the payment and the amounts advanced to our facilities would have been recouped from new Medicare claims as a 100% offset. Our facilities would have had 210 days from the date the accelerated or advance payment was made to repay the amounts that they owe.

~~On October 1, 2020, Congress amended~~compliance with the terms ofand conditions. We recognized PHSSE Fund funds to the Accelerated and Advance Payment Program to extend the term of the loan and adjust the repayment process. Under the new terms of the program, all providers will have 29 months from the date of their first program payment to repay the full amount of the acceleratedextent we had qualifying COVID-19 expenses or ~~advance payments they have received. The revised terms extend the period before repayment begins from 210 days to one year from the date that payment~~lost revenues as permitted under the ~~program was received. Once the repayment period begins, the offset is limited to 25% of new claims during the first 11 months of repayment~~terms and ~~50% of new claims during the final 6 months. The revised program terms also lower the interest rate on outstanding amounts due at the end of the repayment period from 10% to 4%. We~~conditions.

During 2020, we applied for and received approximately ~~$45~~$45.2 million ~~in April 2020~~of payments from ~~this program.~~the CMS Accelerated and Advance Payment Program. Of the ~~$45~~$45.2 million of advance payments received in 2020, we repaid approximately ~~$25~~$25.1 million of advance payments during 2021 and made additional ~~payments~~repayments of approximately $8$20.1 million during the ~~three months~~year ended ~~March~~December 31, ~~2022. We will continue~~2022 to ~~repay~~eliminate the ~~remaining balance throughout the rest of 2022.~~liability.

Under the CARES Act, we ~~also~~ received a 2% increase in our facilities’ Medicare reimbursement rate as a result of the temporary suspension of Medicare sequestration from May 1, 2020 to March 31, 2022, which was reduced to 1% on April 1, 2022 and was eliminated effective July 1, 2022.

The CARES Act also provides for certain federal income and other tax changes. We received a cash benefit of approximately ~~$39~~$39.3 million for 2020 relating to the delay of payment of the employer portion of Social Security payroll taxes. We repaid half of the ~~$39~~$39.3 million of payroll tax deferrals during the third quarter of 2021 and ~~expect to repay~~repaid the remaining portion in the ~~second half~~third quarter of ~~2022.~~2022 to eliminate the liability.

In addition to the financial and other relief that has been provided by the federal government through the CARES Act and other legislation passed by Congress, CMS and many state governments have also issued waivers and temporary suspensions of healthcare facility licensure, certification, and reimbursement requirements in order to provide hospitals, physicians, and other healthcare providers with increased flexibility to meet the challenges presented by the COVID-19 pandemic. For example, CMS and many state governments have temporarily eased regulatory requirements and burdens for delivering and being reimbursed for healthcare services provided remotely through telemedicine. CMS has also temporarily waived many provisions of the Stark law, including many of the provisions affecting our relationships with physicians. Many states have also suspended the enforcement of certain regulatory requirements to ensure that healthcare providers have sufficient capacity to treat COVID-19 patients. These regulatory changes are
temporary, with most slated to expire at the end of the ~~declared~~ COVID-19 public health ~~emergency.~~ emergency, expected in May 2023.

We are continuing to evaluate the terms and conditions and financial impact of funds received under the CARES Act and other government relief programs.

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Results of Operations

The following table illustrates our consolidated results of operations for the respective periods shown (dollars in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,												Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022						2021						2023						2022
	Amount			%			Amount			%			Amount			%			Amount			%
Revenue	$	616,653			100.0	%	$	551,199			100.0	%	$	704,267			100.0	%	$	616,653			100.0	%
Salaries, wages and benefits		335,762			54.4	%		304,333			55.2	%		391,177			55.6	%		335,762			54.4	%
Professional fees		36,911			6.0	%		31,617			5.7	%		41,125			5.8	%		36,911			6.0	%
Supplies		23,699			3.8	%		21,322			3.9	%		26,021			3.7	%		23,699			3.8	%
Rents and leases		11,249			1.8	%		9,412			1.7	%		11,424			1.6	%		11,249			1.8	%
Other operating expenses		81,425			13.2	%		72,010			13.1	%		90,838			12.9	%		81,425			13.2	%
Depreciation and amortization		28,926			4.7	%		24,894			4.5	%		31,569			4.5	%		28,926			4.7	%
Interest expense		15,787			2.6	%		29,027			5.3	%		19,999			2.8	%		15,787			2.6	%
Debt extinguishment costs		—			0.0	%		24,650			4.5	%
Transaction-related expenses		3,582			0.6	%		4,610			0.8	%		6,471			0.9	%		3,582			0.6	%
Total expenses		537,341			87.1	%		521,875			94.7	%		618,624			87.8	%		537,341			87.1	%
Income from continuing operations before income taxes		79,312			12.9	%		29,324			5.3	%
Income before income taxes														85,643			12.2	%		79,312			12.9	%
Provision for income taxes		17,402			2.8	%		6,204			1.1	%		19,085			2.7	%		17,402			2.8	%
Income from continuing operations		61,910			10.0	%		23,120			4.2	%
Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes		—			0.0	%		(12,641	)		-2.3	%
Net income		61,910			10.0	%		10,479			1.9	%		66,558			9.5	%		61,910			10.1	%
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		(1,073	)		-0.2	%		(762	)		-0.1	%		(543	)		-0.1	%		(1,073	)		-0.2	%
Net income attributable to Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc.	$	60,837			9.9	%	$	9,717			1.8	%	$	66,015			9.4	%	$	60,837			9.9	%

At March 31, 2022, we operated 238 behavioral healthcare facilities with approximately 10,600 beds in 40 states and Puerto Rico. For all periods presented, results of operations and cash flows of the U.K. operations are reported as discontinued operations in the accompanying financial statements.

We are encouraged by the favorable trends in our business and believe we are well positioned to capitalize on the expected growth in demand for behavioral health services. As with many other healthcare providers and other industries across the country, we are currently dealing with a tight labor market. ~~However,~~While we ~~believe~~experienced higher wage inflation in the ~~diversity of~~three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to long-term historical averages, we have seen stability in our ~~markets and service lines~~labor costs and our proactive focus helps us manage through this environment. We remain focused on ensuring that we have the level of staff to meet the demand in our ~~markets.~~markets across our 39 states and Puerto Rico.

The following table sets forth percent changes in same facility operating data for the three months ended March 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to the same period in ~~2021:~~2022:


	Three Months Ended
U.S. Same Facility Results (a)
Revenue growth	~~8.6%~~	13.3%
Patient days growth	~~2.2%~~	6.5%
Admissions growth	~~-2.6%~~	8.6%
Average length of stay change (b)	~~4.9%~~	-1.9%
Revenue per patient day growth	~~6.2%~~	6.4%
Adjusted EBITDA margin change (c)	~~150 bps~~

~~(a)~~

~~Results for the periods presented include facilities we have operated more than one year and exclude certain closed services.~~

~~(b)~~

~~Average length of stay is defined as patient days divided by admissions.~~90 bps

(a)

Results for the periods presented include facilities we have operated more than one year and exclude certain closed services.

(b)

Average length of stay is defined as patient days divided by admissions.

(c)

Adjusted EBITDA is defined as income before provision for income taxes, equity-based compensation expense, transaction-related expenses, interest expense and depreciation and amortization. Management uses Adjusted EBITDA as an analytical indicator to measure performance and to develop strategic objectives and operating plans. Adjusted EBITDA is commonly used as an analytical indicator within the health care industry, and also serves as a measure of leverage capacity and debt service ability. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as a measure of financial performance under GAAP, and the items excluded from Adjusted EBITDA are significant components in understanding and assessing financial performance. Because Adjusted EBITDA is not a measurement determined in accordance with GAAP and is thus susceptible to varying calculations, Adjusted EBITDA, as presented, may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies.

~~(c)~~

~~Adjusted EBITDA is defined as income before provision for income taxes, equity-based compensation expense, debt extinguishment costs, transaction-related expenses, interest expense and~~

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depreciation and amortization. Management uses Adjusted EBITDA as an analytical indicator to measure performance and to develop strategic objectives and operating plans. Adjusted EBITDA is commonly used as an analytical indicator within the health care industry, and also serves as a measure of leverage capacity and debt service ability. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as a measure of financial performance under GAAP, and the items excluded from Adjusted EBITDA are significant components in understanding and assessing financial performance. Because Adjusted EBITDA is not a measurement determined in accordance with GAAP and is thus susceptible to varying calculations, Adjusted EBITDA, as presented, may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies.

Three months ended March 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022

Revenue. Revenue increased ~~$65.5~~$87.6 million, or ~~11.9%~~14.2%, to $704.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 from $616.7 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2022 from $551.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021.~~2022. Same facility revenue increased ~~$46.8~~$81.7 million, or ~~8.6%~~13.3%, for the three months ended March 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to the three months ended March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, resulting from ~~same facility growth in patient days of 2.2% and~~ an increase in same facility revenue per day of ~~6.2%~~6.4%, same facility growth in admissions of 8.6% and same facility growth in patient days of 6.5%. Consistent with same facility revenue growth in ~~2021,~~2022, the growth in same facility patient days for the three months ended March 31, ~~2022~~2023 compared to the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 resulted from the addition of beds to our existing facilities and ongoing demand for our services.

Salaries, wages and benefits. Salaries, wages and benefits (“SWB”) expense was $391.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $335.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, ~~compared to $304.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021,~~ an increase of ~~$31.5~~$55.4 million. SWB expense included ~~$7.9~~$7.6 million and ~~$7.0~~$7.9 million of equity-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively. Excluding equity-based compensation expense, SWB expense was $383.6 million, or 54.5% of revenue, for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to $327.9 million, or 53.2% of revenue, for the three months ended March 31, ~~2022, compared to $297.3 million, or 53.9% of revenue, for the three months ended March 31, 2021.~~2022. The increase in SWB expense relates to incremental staff to support volume growth as well as wage inflation. Same facility SWB expense was ~~$290.8~~$345.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, or 49.8% of revenue, compared to $303.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, or ~~49.1%~~49.4% of ~~revenue, compared to $274.2~~revenue.

Professional fees. Professional fees were $41.1 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021,~~2023, or ~~50.3%~~5.8% of ~~revenue.~~

~~Professional fees.~~ ~~Professional fees were~~revenue, compared to $36.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, or 6.0% of ~~revenue, compared to $31.6~~revenue. Same facility professional fees were $36.2 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021,~~2023, or ~~5.7%~~5.2% of ~~revenue. Same facility professional fees were $31.4~~revenue, compared to $33.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, or ~~5.3%~~5.5% of ~~revenue, compared to $28.3~~revenue.

Supplies. Supplies expense was $26.0 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021,~~2023, or ~~5.2%~~3.7% of ~~revenue.~~

~~Supplies.~~ ~~Supplies expense was~~revenue, compared to $23.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, or 3.8% of ~~revenue, compared to $21.3~~revenue. Same facility supplies expense was $25.6 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021,~~2023, or ~~3.9%~~3.7% of ~~revenue. Same facility supplies expense was $22.4~~revenue, compared to $23.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, or 3.8% of ~~revenue, compared to $21.2~~revenue.

Rents and leases. Rents and leases were $11.4 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021,~~2023, or ~~3.9%~~1.6% of ~~revenue.~~

~~Rents and leases.~~ ~~Rents and leases were~~revenue, compared to $11.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, or 1.8% of ~~revenue, compared to $9.4~~revenue. Same facility rents and leases were $10.6 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021,~~2023, or ~~1.7%~~1.5% of ~~revenue. Same facility rents and leases were $9.1~~revenue, compared to $10.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, or ~~1.5% of revenue, compared to $8.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, or 1.6%~~1.7% of revenue.

Other operating expenses. Other operating expenses consisted primarily of purchased services, utilities, insurance, travel and repairs and maintenance expenses. Other operating expenses were $90.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, or 12.9% of revenue, compared to $81.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, or 13.2% of ~~revenue, compared to $72.0~~revenue. Same facility other operating expenses were $84.6 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021,~~2023, or ~~13.1%~~12.2% of ~~revenue. Same facility other operating expenses were $74.1~~revenue, compared to $78.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, or ~~12.5%~~12.8% of ~~revenue, compared to $69.6~~revenue.

Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization expense was $31.6 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021,~~2023, or ~~12.8%~~4.5% of ~~revenue.~~

~~Depreciation and amortization.~~ ~~Depreciation and amortization expense was~~revenue, compared to $28.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, or 4.7% of ~~revenue, compared to $24.9~~revenue.

Interest expense. Interest expense was $20.0 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021, or 4.5% of revenue.~~

~~Interest expense.~~ ~~Interest expense was~~2023 compared to $15.8 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2022 compared~~2022. The increase in interest expense was primarily a result of higher interest rates applicable to ~~$29.0~~our variable rate debt.

Transaction-related expenses. Transaction-related expenses were $6.5 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021. The decrease in interest expense was primarily due~~2023, compared to ~~debt repayments in connection with the U.K. Sale in January 2021.~~

~~Table of contents~~

~~Transaction-related expenses.~~ ~~Transaction-related expenses were~~ $3.6 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2022, compared to $4.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021.~~2022. Transaction-related expenses represent legal, accounting, termination, restructuring, management transition, acquisition and other similar costs incurred in the respective period, as summarized below (in thousands).

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021		Three Months Ended March 31,
					2023		2022
Management transition costs					$	4,800	$	1,035
Legal, accounting and other acquisition-related costs	$	589	$	1,787		1,640		589
Termination and restructuring costs		1,958		2,823		31		1,958
Management transition costs		1,035		—
	$	3,582	$	4,610	$	6,471	$	3,582

Provision for income taxes. For the three months ended March 31, ~~2022,~~2023, the provision for income taxes was $19.1 million, reflecting an effective tax rate of 22.3%, compared to $17.4 million, reflecting an effective tax rate of 21.9%, ~~compared to $6.2 million, reflecting an effective tax rate of 21.2%,~~ for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021.~~2022.

As we continue to monitor the implications of potential tax legislation in each of our jurisdictions, we may adjust our estimates and record additional amounts for tax assets and liabilities. Any adjustments to our tax assets and liabilities could materially impact our provision for income taxes and our effective tax rate in the periods in which they are made.

Revenue

Our revenue is primarily derived from services rendered to patients for inpatient psychiatric and substance abuse care, outpatient psychiatric care and adolescent residential treatment. We receive payments from the following sources for services rendered in our facilities: (i) state governments under their respective Medicaid and other programs; (ii) commercial insurers; (iii) the federal government under the Medicare program administered by CMS; and (iv) individual patients and clients. We determine the transaction price based on established billing rates reduced by contractual adjustments provided to third-party payors, discounts provided to uninsured patients and implicit price concessions. Contractual adjustments and discounts are based on contractual agreements, discount policies and historical experience. Implicit price concessions are based on historical collection experience.

The following table presents revenue by payor type and as a percentage of revenue for the three months ended March 31, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021~~2022 (dollars in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,										Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022					2021					2023					2022
	Amount		%			Amount		%			Amount		%			Amount		%
Commercial	$	194,693		31.6	%	$	162,702		29.5	%	$	203,619		28.9	%	$	195,169		31.6	%
Medicare		94,582		15.3	%		86,185		15.6	%		108,640		15.4	%		94,920		15.4	%
Medicaid		299,914		48.6	%		274,620		49.8	%		364,306		51.8	%		300,526		48.7	%
Self-Pay		19,785		3.2	%		22,443		4.1	%		20,698		2.9	%		19,747		3.2	%
Other		7,679		1.3	%		5,249		1.0	%		7,004		1.0	%		6,291		1.1	%
Revenue	$	616,653		100.0	%	$	551,199		100.0	%	$	704,267		100.0	%	$	616,653		100.0	%

The following tables present a summary of our aging of accounts receivable at March 31, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021:~~2022:

March 31, ~~2022~~2023


	Current			30-90			90-150			>150			Total			Current			30-90			90-150			>150			Total
Commercial		21.8	%		5.5	%		2.8	%		8.4	%		38.5	%		18.8	%		5.0	%		2.3	%		8.1	%		34.2	%
Medicare		10.7	%		1.5	%		0.4	%		1.5	%		14.1	%		11.0	%		1.8	%		0.6	%		1.5	%		14.9	%
Medicaid		30.4	%		2.6	%		1.9	%		5.3	%		40.2	%		33.1	%		4.3	%		1.9	%		5.1	%		44.4	%
Self-Pay		1.3	%		1.6	%		1.3	%		2.6	%		6.8	%		1.4	%		1.5	%		1.1	%		2.2	%		6.2	%
Other		0.2	%		0.1	%		0.0	%		0.1	%		0.4	%		0.1	%		0.1	%		0.0	%		0.1	%		0.3	%
Total		64.4	%		11.3	%		6.4	%		17.9	%		100.0	%		64.4	%		12.7	%		5.9	%		17.0	%		100.0	%

~~Table of contents~~

December 31, ~~2021~~2022


	Current			30-90			90-150			>150			Total			Current			30-90			90-150			>150			Total
Commercial		20.1	%		6.2	%		2.6	%		8.2	%		37.1	%		18.0	%		5.3	%		2.8	%		8.4	%		34.5	%
Medicare		11.3	%		1.7	%		0.5	%		2.0	%		15.5	%		11.5	%		1.7	%		0.7	%		1.4	%		15.3	%
Medicaid		28.6	%		3.5	%		2.0	%		5.6	%		39.7	%		31.7	%		4.5	%		2.6	%		4.7	%		43.5	%
Self-Pay		1.3	%		1.4	%		1.4	%		3.0	%		7.1	%		1.2	%		1.4	%		1.2	%		2.6	%		6.4	%
Other		0.1	%		0.1	%		0.2	%		0.2	%		0.6	%		0.2	%		0.0	%		0.0	%		0.1	%		0.3	%
Total		61.4	%		12.9	%		6.7	%		19.0	%		100.0	%		62.6	%		12.9	%		7.3	%		17.2	%		100.0	%

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash provided by ~~continuing~~ operating activities for the three months ended March 31, ~~2022~~2023 was ~~$76.8~~$44.4 million compared to ~~$75.8~~$76.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Operating cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2022 included net government relief funds paid of approximately $7.6 million for repayment of Medicare advance payments. Operating cash flows were impacted by an increase in earnings, a reduction in cash paid for interest and an increase in tax payments during the three months ended March 31, 2022. Days sales outstanding were 44 days at both March 31, ~~2022 compared to 42 days at~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021.~~2022, respectively.

Cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, ~~2022~~2023 was ~~$49.7~~$66.9 million compared to ~~cash provided by investing activities of $1,367.6~~$49.7 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021.~~2022. Cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023 primarily consisted of $66.5 million of cash paid for capital expenditures and $0.8 million of other, offset by $0.4 million of proceeds from sales of property and equipment. Cash paid for capital expenditures for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $66.5 million, consisting of routine or maintenance capital expenditures of $18.0 million and expansion capital expenditures of $48.5 million. We define expansion capital expenditures as those that increase the capacity of our facilities or otherwise enhance revenue. Routine or maintenance capital expenditures, including information technology capital expenditures, were approximately 3% of revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2022 primarily consisted of $50.5 million of cash paid for capital expenditures and $0.5 million of other, offset by $1.3 million of proceeds from ~~sales~~the sale of property and equipment. Cash paid for capital expenditures for the three months ended March 31, 2022 consisted of $12.0 million of routine capital expenditures and $38.5 million of expansion capital expenditures. ~~We define expansion capital expenditures as those that increase~~

Cash used in financing activities for the ~~capacity of our facilities or otherwise enhance revenue. Routine or maintenance capital expenditures were approximately 2% of revenue~~three months ended March 31, 2023 was $11.3 million compared to $20.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. Cash ~~provided by investing~~used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021 primarily~~2023 consisted of ~~$1,511.0 million~~repurchase of shares for payroll tax withholding, net of proceeds from ~~the U.K. Sale~~stock option exercises of $47.7 million and ~~$0.1~~principal payments on long-term debt of $5.3 million, ~~of proceeds from the sale of property and equipment,~~ offset by ~~$84.8~~borrowings on revolving credit facility of $40.0 million ~~for settlement~~and contributions from noncontrolling partners in joint ventures of foreign currency derivatives, $58.7 million of cash paid for capital expenditures and $0.1 million of other. Cash paid for capital expenditures for the three months ended March 31, 2021 consisted of $7.7 million of routine capital expenditures and $51.0 million of expansion capital expenditures.

$1.7 million. Cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2022 ~~was $20.5 million compared to $1,647.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2022~~primarily consisted of repurchase of shares for payroll tax withholding, net of proceeds from stock option exercises of $11.7 million,

principal payments on revolving credit facility of $10.0 million, principal payments on long-term debt of $2.7 million and distributions of to noncontrolling partners in joint ventures of $0.4 million, offset by $4.3 million of contributions from noncontrolling partners in joint ventures. Cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2021 primarily consisted of repayment of long-term debt of $2,224.6 million, payment of debt issuance costs of $9.9 million, principal payments on revolving credit facility of $270.0 million, other of $6.8 million and $0.4 million of distributions to noncontrolling partners in joint ventures, offset by borrowings on long-term debt of $425.0 million, borrowings on revolving credit facility of $430.0 million, repurchase of shares for payroll tax withholding, net of proceeds from stock option exercises of $8.2 million and $1.0 million of contributions from noncontrolling partners in joint ventures.

We had total available cash and cash equivalents of ~~$140.4~~$63.8 million and ~~$133.8~~$97.6 million at March 31, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, respectively, of which approximately ~~$22.1~~$5.5 million and ~~$20.1~~$3.7 million was held by our foreign subsidiaries, respectively. Our strategic plan does not require the repatriation of foreign cash in order to fund our operations in the U.S.

We believe existing cash on hand, cash flows from operations, the availability under our revolving line of credit and cash from additional financing will be sufficient to meet our expected liquidity needs during the next 12 months.

~~New~~ Credit Facility

We entered into a ~~New~~credit agreement establishing a new Credit Facility on March 17, 2021. The ~~New~~ Credit Facility provides for a $600.0 million Revolving Facility and a $425.0 million Term Loan Facility, with each maturing on March 17, ~~2026 unless extended in accordance with the terms of the New Credit Facility.~~2026. The Revolving Facility further provides for (i) up to $20.0 million towhich may be utilized for the issuance of letters of credit and (ii) the availability of a swingline facility under which we may borrow up to $20.0 million.

AsOn March 30, 2023, we entered into the First Amendment. The First Amendment replaced LIBOR with Adjusted Term SOFR. Borrowings under the Credit Facility bear interest at a ~~part~~rate equal to, at our option, either (a) a base rate determined by reference to the highest of (i) the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, (ii) the prime rate of Bank of America or (iii) Adjusted Term SOFR for a one month interest period or (b) Adjusted Term SOFR, in each case plus an applicable margin that varies according to our total leverage ratio from 0.375% to 1.250% in the case of base rate loans and from 1.375% to 2.250% in the case of Adjusted Term SOFR loans. In addition, an unused fee that varies according to our total leverage ratio from 0.200% to 0.350% is payable quarterly in arrears based on the average daily undrawn portion of the ~~closing~~commitments in respect of the ~~New Credit Facility on March 17, 2021, we (i) refinanced and terminated our Prior Credit Facility and (ii) financed the redemption of all of our outstanding 5.625% Senior Notes.~~Revolving Facility.

During the three months ended March 31, ~~2022~~2023, we ~~repaid $10.0~~borrowed $40.0 million ~~of the balance outstanding~~ on the Revolving Facility. We had ~~$436.8~~$481.6 million of availability under the Revolving Facility and had standby letters of credit outstanding of ~~$3.2~~$3.4 million related to security for the payment of claims required by our workers’ compensation insurance program at March 31, ~~2022.~~

2023.~~Table of contents~~

The ~~New~~ Credit Facility requires quarterly term loan principal repayments for our Term Loan Facility of $5.3 million for June 30, ~~2022~~2023 to March 31, 2024, $8.0 million for June 30, 2024 to March 31, 2025 and $10.6 million for June 30, 2025 to December 31, 2025, with the remaining principal balance of the Term Loan Facility due on the maturity date of March 17, 2026.

We have the ability to increase the amount of the Senior Facilities, which may take the form of increases to the Revolving Facility or the Term Loan Facility or the issuance of ~~one or more~~ Incremental Facilities, upon obtaining additional commitments from new or existing lenders and the satisfaction of customary conditions precedent for such Incremental Facilities. Such Incremental Facilities may not exceed the sum of (i) the greater of $480.0 million and an amount equal to 100% of our Consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the ~~New~~ Credit Facility) ~~and its Restricted Subsidiaries (as defined in the New Credit Facility) (as determined for the four fiscal quarter period most recently ended for which financial statements are available)~~, and (ii) additional amounts ~~so long as, after giving effect thereto,~~that would not cause the Consolidated Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the ~~New~~ Credit Facility) ~~does not~~to exceed 3.5 to 1.0.

Subject to certain exceptions, substantially all of our existing and subsequently acquired or organized direct or indirect wholly-owned U.S. subsidiaries are required to guarantee the repayment of ~~its~~ obligations under the ~~New~~ Credit Facility. ~~Borrowings~~We and such guarantor subsidiaries have granted a security interest on substantially all personal property assets as
collateral for the obligations under the Senior Facilities bear interest at a floating rate, which will initially be, at our option, either (i) adjusted LIBOR plus 1.50% or (ii) an alternative base rate plus 0.50% (in each case, subject to adjustment based on our consolidated total net leverage ratio). An unused fee initially set at 0.20% per annum (subject to adjustment based on the our consolidated total net leverage ratio) is payable quarterly in arrears based on the actual daily undrawn portion of the commitments in respect of the RevolvingCredit Facility.

The interest rates and the unused line fee on unused commitments related to the Senior Facilities are based upon the following pricing tiers:


Pricing Tier	Consolidated Total Net Leverage Ratio	Eurodollar Rate Loans and Letter of Credit Fees			Base Rate and Swing Line Loans			Commitment Fee			Consolidated Total Net Leverage Ratio	Term SOFR Loans, SOFR Daily Floating Rate Loans and Letter of Credit Fees			Base Rate Loans			Commitment Fee
1	≥ 4.50:1.0		2.250	%		1.250	%		0.350	%	≥ 4.50:1.0		2.250	%		1.250	%		0.350	%
2	<4.50:1.0 but ≥ 3.75:1.0		2.000	%		1.000	%		0.300	%	<4.50:1.0 but ≥ 3.75:1.0		2.000	%		1.000	%		0.300	%
3	<3.75:1.0 but ≥ 3.00:1.0		1.750	%		0.750	%		0.250	%	<3.75:1.0 but ≥ 3.00:1.0		1.750	%		0.750	%		0.250	%
4	<3.00:1.0 but ≥ 2.25:1.0		1.500	%		0.500	%		0.200	%	<3.00:1.0 but ≥ 2.25:1.0		1.500	%		0.500	%		0.200	%
5	<2.25:1.0		1.375	%		0.375	%		0.200	%	<2.25:1.0		1.375	%		0.375	%		0.200	%

The ~~New~~ Credit Facility contains customary representations and affirmative and negative covenants, including limitations on ~~the Company’s~~our ability and ~~its~~our subsidiaries’ ability to incur additional debt, grant or permit additional liens, make investments and acquisitions, merge or consolidate with others, dispose of assets, pay dividends and distributions, pay junior indebtedness and enter into affiliate

transactions, in each case, subject to customary exceptions. In addition, the ~~New~~ Credit Facility contains financial covenants requiring us on a consolidated basis to maintain, as of the last day of any consecutive four fiscal quarter period, a consolidated total net leverage ratio of not more than 5.0 to 1.0 and an interest coverage ratio of at least 3.0 to 1.0. The ~~New~~ Credit Facility also includes events of default customary for facilities of this type and upon the occurrence of any such ~~events~~event of default, among other things, all outstanding loans under the Senior Facilities may be accelerated, ~~and/or~~ the lenders’ commitments ~~terminated.~~may be terminated, and/or the lenders may exercise collateral remedies. At March 31, ~~2022,~~2023, we were in compliance with ~~such~~all financial covenants.

~~Prior Credit Facility~~

We entered into the Senior Secured Credit Facility on April 1, 2011. On December 31, 2012, we entered into the Prior Credit Facility which amended and restated the Senior Secured Credit Facility. We amended the Prior Credit Facility from time to time as described in our prior filings with the SEC.26

~~On January 5, 2021, we made a voluntary payment of $105.0 million on the Tranche B-4 Facility. On January 19, 2021, we used a portion of the net proceeds from the U.K. Sale to~~ ~~repay the outstanding balances of $311.7 million of our TLA Facility and $767.9 million of our Tranche B-4 Facility of the Prior Credit Facility~~. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, in connection with the termination of the Prior Credit Facility, we recorded a debt extinguishment charge of $10.9 million, including the write-off of discount and deferred financing costs, which was recorded in debt extinguishment costs in the condensed consolidated statement of operations.

Senior Notes

5.500% Senior Notes due 2028

On June 24, 2020, we issued $450.0 million of 5.500% Senior ~~Notes due 2028.~~Notes. The 5.500% Senior Notes mature on July 1,

~~Table of contents~~

2028 and bear interest at a rate of 5.500% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on January 1 and July 1 of each year, commencing on January 1, 2021.

5.000% Senior Notes due 2029

On October 14, 2020, we issued $475.0 million of 5.000% Senior Notes. The 5.000% Senior Notes mature on April 15, 2029 and bear interest at a rate of 5.000% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on April 15 and October 15 of each year, commencing on April 15, 2021. We used the net proceeds of the 5.000% Senior Notes to prepay approximately $453.3 million of the outstanding borrowings on our existing Tranche B-3 Facility and used the remaining net proceeds for general corporate purposes and to pay related fees and expenses in connection with the offering. In connection with the 5.000% Senior Notes, we recorded a debt extinguishment charge of $2.9 million, including the write-off of discount and deferred financing costs of the Tranche B-3 Facility, which was recorded in debt extinguishment costs in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020.

The indentures governing the Senior Notes contain covenants that, among other things, limit our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to: (i) pay dividends, redeem stock or make other distributions or investments; (ii) incur additional debt or issue certain preferred stock; (iii) transfer or sell assets; (iv) engage in certain transactions with affiliates; (v) create restrictions on dividends or other payments by the restricted subsidiaries; (vi) merge, consolidate or sell substantially all of our assets; and (vii) create liens on assets.

~~The Senior Notes issued by us are guaranteed by each of our subsidiaries that guaranteed our obligations under the New Credit Facility. The guarantees are full and unconditional and joint and several.~~

We may redeem the Senior Notes at our option, in whole or part, at the dates and amounts set forth in the indentures.

~~5.625%~~Supplemental Guarantor Financial Information

We conduct substantially all of our business through our subsidiaries. The Senior Notes ~~due 2023~~

~~On February 11, 2015, we issued $375.0 million~~are jointly and severally guaranteed on an unsecured senior basis by all of ~~5.625% Senior Notes due 2023. On September 21, 2015, we issued $275.0 million of additional 5.625% Senior Notes.~~our subsidiaries that guarantee our obligations under the Credit Facility. The ~~additional notes formed a single class of debt securities~~summarized financial information presented below is consistent with ~~the 5.625% Senior Notes issued in February 2015. Giving effect~~our condensed consolidated financial statements, except transactions between combining entities have been eliminated. Financial information for our combined non-guarantor entities has been excluded pursuant to ~~this issuance, we had outstanding an aggregate of $650.0 million of 5.625% Senior Notes. The 5.625% Senior Notes were to mature on February 15,~~SEC Regulation S-X Rule 13-01. Presented below is condensed financial information for our combined wholly-owned subsidiary guarantors at March 31, 2023 and ~~bear interest at a rate of 5.625% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on February 15~~December 31, 2022, and ~~August 15 of each year. On March 17, 2021, we redeemed the 5.625% Senior Notes.~~

~~6.500% Senior Notes due 2024~~

On February 16, 2016, we issued $390.0 million of 6.500% Senior Notes due 2024. The 6.500% Senior Notes were to mature on March 1, 2024 and bear interest at a rate of 6.500% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on March 1 and September 1 of each year, beginning on September 1, 2016. On March 1, 2021, we redeemed the 6.500% Senior Notes.

~~Redemption of 5.625% Senior Notes and 6.500% Senior Notes~~

~~On January 29, 2021, we issued conditional notices of full redemption providing~~ for the ~~redemption in full of $650 million of 5.625% Senior Notes and $390 million of 6.500% Senior Notes to the holders of such notes.~~three months ended March 31, 2023.

On March 1, 2021, we satisfied and discharged the indentures governing the 6.500% Senior Notes. In connection with the redemption of the 6.500% Senior Notes, we recorded debt extinguishment costs of $10.5 million, including $6.3 million cash paid for breakage costs and the write-off of deferred financing costs of $4.2 million in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. Summarized balance sheet information (in thousands):

On March 17, 2021, we satisfied and discharged the indentures governing the 5.625% Senior Notes. In connection with the redemption of the 5.625% Senior Notes, we recorded debt extinguishment costs of $3.3 million, including the write-off of deferred financing and premiums costs in the condensed consolidated statement of operations.


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Current assets	$	429,651	$	396,553
Property and equipment, net		1,546,023		1,517,893
Goodwill		2,105,227		2,105,227
Total noncurrent assets		3,932,645		3,921,336

Current liabilities		343,513		345,606
Long-term debt		1,399,778		1,364,541
Total noncurrent liabilities		1,666,111		1,629,750
Redeemable noncontrolling interests		—		—
Total equity		2,352,672		2,342,533

Summarized operating results information (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Revenue	$	619,583
Income before income taxes		77,654
Net income		60,612
Net income attributable to Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc.		60,612

Contractual Obligations

The following table presents a summary of contractual obligations at March 31, ~~2022~~2023 (in thousands):


	Payments Due by Period
	Less Than 1 Year		1-3 Years		3-5 Years		More Than 5 Years		Total
Long-term debt (a)	$	101,806	$	637,392	$	97,000	$	984,625	$	1,820,823
Operating lease liabilities (b)		33,381		55,227		31,239		64,038		183,885
Finance lease liabilities		990		2,120		2,178		21,550		26,838
Total obligations and commitments	$	136,177	$	694,739	$	130,417	$	1,070,213	$	2,031,546

Payments Due by Period

Less Than
1 Year

1-3 Years

3-5 Years

More Than
5 Years

Total

Long-term debt (a)

$
81,609

$
172,465

$
605,687

$
1,009,375

$
1,869,136

Operating lease liabilities (b)

31,539

52,837

35,775

66,748

186,899

Finance lease liabilities

990

2,021

2,178

22,638

27,827

Total obligations and commitments

$
114,138

$
227,323

$
643,640

$
1,098,761

$
2,083,862

(a)

Amounts include required principal and interest payments. The projected interest payments reflect the interest rates in place on our variable-rate debt at March 31, 2023.

(b)

Amounts exclude variable components of lease payments.

~~Table of contents~~

~~(a)~~

~~Amounts include required principal and interest payments. The projected interest payments reflect the interest rates in place on our variable-rate debt at March 31, 2022.~~

~~(b)~~

~~Amounts exclude variable components of lease payments.~~

Critical Accounting Policies

Our goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets, which consist of licenses and accreditations, trade names, ~~and~~ certificates of need and intangible assets that are not amortized, are evaluated for impairment annually during the fourth quarter or more frequently if events indicate the carrying value of a reporting unit may not be recoverable.

~~Subsequent to the U.K. Sale, as~~As of our impairment test on October 1, ~~2021,~~2022, we ~~had~~have one reporting unit, behavioral health services. The fair value of our behavioral health services reporting unit substantially exceeded its carrying value, and therefore no impairment was recorded.

There have been no material changes in our critical accounting policies at March 31, ~~2022~~2023 from those described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2021.~~2022.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

~~Item 3.~~

~~Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk~~

Interest Rate Risk

Our interest expense is sensitive to changes in market interest rates. Our long-term debt outstanding at March 31, ~~2022~~2023 was composed of ~~$913.2~~$914.7 million of fixed-rate debt and ~~$571.9~~$485.1 million of variable-rate debt with interest based on ~~LIBOR~~Adjusted Term SOFR plus an applicable margin. ~~A hypothetical 10% increase in interest rates (which would equate to a 0.20% higher rate~~Based on ~~our variable rate debt) would decrease our net income and cash flows by $0.8 million on an annual basis based upon~~ our borrowing level at March 31, ~~2022.~~2023, a hypothetical 1% increase in interest rates would decrease our pretax income on an annual basis by approximately $4.9 million.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

~~Item 4.~~

~~Controls and Procedures~~

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this report, our management conducted an evaluation, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act). Based on this evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended March 31, ~~2022~~2023 that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.


~~Table of contents~~

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

~~Item 1.~~

~~Legal Proceedings~~

Information with respect to this item may be found in Note 1817 – Commitments and Contingencies in the accompanying notes to our consolidated financial statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which information is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

~~Item 1A.~~

~~Risk Factors~~

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, an investor should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2021.~~2022. The risks described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, are not the only risks facing the Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to management or that management currently deems immaterial also may materially, adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition, operating results or cash flows.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

~~Item 2.~~

~~Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds~~

During the three months ended March 31, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company withheld shares of Company common stock to satisfy employee minimum statutory tax withholding obligations payable upon the vesting of restricted stock, as follows:

Period

Total Number
of Shares
Purchased

Average Price
Paid per Share

Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs

Maximum Number
of Shares that
May Yet Be
Purchased Under
the Plans
or Programs

January 1 – January 31

31,180

$
53.33

—

—

February 1 – February 28

217,780

56.54

—

—

March 1 – March 31

39,638

64.06

—

—

Total

288,598


Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased		Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs		Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
January 1 - January 31		—	$	—		—		—
February 1 - February 28		585,699		80.85		—		—
March 1 - March 31		33,869		71.29		—		—
Total		619,568


~~Table of contents~~

Item 6.Exhibits


Exhibit No.	~~Exhibits~~

~~Exhibit No.~~		Exhibit Description

3.1		Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended. (1)

3.2		Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company, as amended. (1)

~~10.1~~10.1*		~~Side Letter~~First Amendment, dated March 30, 2023, to ~~Employment~~the Company’s Credit Agreement, dated ~~January 31, 2022, by and between Acadia Management Company, Inc. and Debra K. Osteen. (2)~~as of March 17, 2021.

10.2*22		~~Consulting Agreement, dated April 11, 2022, by and between Acadia Management Company, Inc. and Debra K. Osteen.~~

10.3*		~~Employment Agreement, dated March 31, 2022, by and between Acadia Management Company, Inc. and Christopher H. Hunter.~~

22		List of Subsidiary Guarantors and Issuers of Guaranteed Securities. ~~(3)~~(2)

31.1*		Certification of the Chief Executive Officer of the Company pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2*		Certification of the Chief Financial Officer of the Company pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32*		Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101.INS**		Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document.

101.SCH**		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.

101.CAL**		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document.

101.DEF**		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.

101.LAB**		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document.

101.PRE**		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document.

104		The cover page from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2022,~~2023, has been formatted in Inline XBRL.

(1)

Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 25, 2017 (File No. 001-35331).

(2)

Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 2022 (File No. 001-35331).

* Filed herewith.

** The XBRL related information in Exhibit 101 to this quarterly report on Form 10-Q shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to liability of that section and shall not be incorporated by reference into any filing or other document pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing or document.


~~(1)~~	~~Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 25, 2017 (File No. 001-35331).~~

SIGNATURES

~~(2)~~

~~Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 1, 2022 (File No. 001-35331).~~

~~(3)~~

~~Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 2021 (File No. 001-35331).~~

*	~~Filed herewith.~~

The XBRL related information in Exhibit 101 to this quarterly report on Form 10-Q shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to liability of that section and shall not be incorporated by reference into any filing or other document pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing or document.

~~Table of contents~~

~~SIGNATURES~~

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


	Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc.

	By:		/s/ David M. Duckworth
			David M. Duckworth
			Chief Financial Officer

Dated: ~~May 4, 2022~~April 27, 2023

3531



Delaware		45-2492228
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)


Title of each class	Trading ~~Symbol~~Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $.01 par value	ACHC	NASDAQ Global Select Market


Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐ Non-accelerated filer	☐
Smaller reporting company	☐
~~Smaller reporting company~~	☐	Emerging growth company	☐


	March 31, 2022			December 31, 2021			March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)						(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	140,367		$	133,813		$	63,829	$	97,649
Accounts receivable, net		299,022			281,332			346,407		322,439
Other current assets		90,710			79,886			127,554		86,037
Total current assets		530,099			495,031			537,790		506,125
Property and equipment, net		1,795,791			1,771,159			1,998,037		1,952,045
Goodwill		2,200,659			2,199,937			2,222,805		2,222,805
Intangible assets, net		70,319			70,145			76,247		76,041
Deferred tax assets		3,047			3,080			2,918		2,950
Operating lease right-of-use assets		139,264			133,761			133,278		135,238
Other assets		95,460			94,965			73,181		92,697
Total assets	$	4,834,639		$	4,768,078		$	5,044,256	$	4,987,901

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	$	21,250		$	18,594		$	21,250	$	21,250
Accounts payable		104,209			98,575			125,729		104,723
Accrued salaries and benefits		138,092			137,845			94,912		125,298
Current portion of operating lease liabilities		25,170			23,348			26,415		26,463
Other accrued liabilities		122,030			126,499			109,823		110,592
Total current liabilities		410,751			404,861			378,129		388,326
Long-term debt		1,463,848			1,478,626			1,399,778		1,364,541
Deferred tax liabilities		77,604			74,368			92,767		92,588
Operating lease liabilities		120,560			116,841			114,592		116,429
Other liabilities		117,062			110,505			128,933		125,033
Total liabilities		2,189,825			2,185,201			2,114,199		2,086,917
Redeemable noncontrolling interests		70,304			65,388			90,455		88,257
Equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized, 0 shares issued		—			—
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 180,000,000 shares authorized; 89,661,341 and 89,028,158 issued and outstanding at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively		897			890
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued								—		—
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 180,000,000 shares authorized; 90,953,107 and 89,913,659 issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively								910		899
Additional paid-in capital		2,632,527			2,636,350			2,619,289		2,658,440
Accumulated deficit		(58,914	)		(119,751	)
Retained earnings								219,403		153,388
Total equity		2,574,510			2,517,489			2,839,602		2,812,727
Total liabilities and equity	$	4,834,639		$	4,768,078		$	5,044,256	$	4,987,901


	Three Months Ended March 31,						Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022			2021			2023			2022
	(In thousands)						(In thousands)
Operating activities:
Net income	$	61,910		$	10,479		$	66,558		$	61,910
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by continuing operating activities:
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		28,926			24,894			31,569			28,926
Amortization of debt issuance costs		808			1,646			824			808
Equity-based compensation expense		7,925			7,034			7,629			7,925
Deferred income taxes		3,269			3,962			212			3,269
Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes		—			12,641
Debt extinguishment costs		—			24,650
Other		(478	)		1,737			1,089			(478	)
Change in operating assets and liabilities, net of effect of acquisitions:
Accounts receivable, net		(18,222	)		(2,490	)		(23,968	)		(18,222	)
Other current assets		(16,638	)		75			(23,430	)		(16,638	)
Other assets		(202	)		(3,570	)		(1,436	)		(202	)
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities		10,501			(3,979	)		13,633			10,501
Accrued salaries and benefits		246			2,915			(30,386	)		246
Other liabilities		6,298			(4,210	)		2,114			6,298
Government relief funds		(7,556	)		—			—			(7,556	)
Net cash provided by continuing operating activities		76,787			75,784
Net cash provided by discontinued operating activities		—			253
Net cash provided by operating activities		76,787			76,037			44,408			76,787
Investing activities:
Cash paid for capital expenditures		(50,527	)		(58,682	)		(66,525	)		(50,527	)
Proceeds from U.K. Sale		—			1,511,020
Settlement of foreign currency derivatives		—			(84,795	)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment		1,294			134			409			1,294
Other		(460	)		(74	)		(794	)		(460	)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities		(49,693	)		1,367,603
Net cash used in investing activities								(66,910	)		(49,693	)
Financing activities:
Borrowings on long-term debt		—			425,000
Borrowings on revolving credit facility		—			430,000			40,000			—
Principal payments on revolving credit facility		(10,000	)		(270,000	)		—			(10,000	)
Principal payments on long-term debt		(2,656	)		—			(5,313	)		(2,656	)
Repayment of long-term debt		—			(2,224,603	)
Payment of debt issuance costs		—			(9,935	)
Repurchase of shares for payroll tax withholding, net of proceeds from stock option exercises		(11,741	)		8,219			(47,671	)		(11,741	)
Contributions from noncontrolling partners in joint ventures		4,290			1,000			1,655			4,290
Distributions to noncontrolling partners in joint ventures		(447	)		(377	)		—			(447	)
Other		14			(6,793	)		11			14
Net cash used in financing activities		(20,540	)		(1,647,489	)		(11,318	)		(20,540	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash		—			4,067
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		6,554			(199,782	)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents								(33,820	)		6,554
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the period		133,813			378,697			97,649			133,813
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period	$	140,367		$	178,915		$	63,829		$	140,367


☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934


☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934


PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Financial Statements	1

	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)	1

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)	2

	~~Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)~~	3

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited)	43

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)	54

	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	65

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	2218

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	3228

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	3228

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	3329

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	3329

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	3329

Item 6.	Exhibits	3430

SIGNATURES		3531

Balance at December 31, 2021	$	30,371
Payments received		5,612
Revenue recognized		(2,127	)
Medicare advance repayments		(7,556	)
Balance at March 31, 2022	$	26,300

Cash	$	5,640
Accounts receivable, net		9,697
Other current assets		2,087
Property and equipment		35,670
Goodwill		97,844
Intangible assets		825
Deferred tax assets		1,573
Operating lease right-of-use assets		29,245
Total assets acquired		182,581
Accounts payable		3,820
Accrued salaries and benefits		3,585
Current portion of operating lease liabilities		2,569
Other accrued liabilities		1,277
Operating lease liabilities		26,675
Total liabilities assumed		37,926
Net assets acquired	$	144,655


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Income taxes receivable	$	45,245	$	5,767
Prepaid expenses		25,805		27,052
Other receivables		17,787		15,371
Workers’ compensation deposits – current portion		12,000		12,000
Insurance receivable – current portion		10,989		10,158
Assets held for sale		8,347		8,347
Inventory		5,283		5,087
Other		2,098		2,255
Other current assets	$	127,554	$	86,037


	March 31, 2022			December 31, 2021			March 31, 2023			December 31, 2022
Land	$	156,139		$	154,376		$	173,822		$	169,137
Building and improvements		1,694,282			1,683,560			1,894,356			1,797,809
Equipment		259,132			253,100			307,181			292,200
Construction in progress		255,697			221,249			310,167			349,473
		2,365,250			2,312,285			2,685,526			2,608,619
Less: accumulated depreciation		(569,459	)		(541,126	)		(687,489	)		(656,574	)
Property and equipment, net	$	1,795,791		$	1,771,159		$	1,998,037		$	1,952,045


	Gross Carrying Amount				Accumulated Amortization						Gross Carrying Amount				Accumulated Amortization
	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021		March 31, 2022			December 31, 2021			March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022		March 31, 2023			December 31, 2022
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Non-compete agreements	$	1,131	$	1,131	$	(1,131	)	$	(1,131	)	$	1,131	$	1,131	$	(1,131	)	$	(1,131	)

Intangible assets not subject to amortization:
Licenses and accreditations		11,600		11,600		0			0			11,550		11,512		—			—
Trade names		40,435		40,435		0			0			45,935		45,935		—			—
Certificates of need		18,284		18,110		0			0			18,762		18,594		—			—
		70,319		70,145		0			0			76,247		76,041		—			—
Total	$	71,450	$	71,276	$	(1,131	)	$	(1,131	)	$	77,378	$	77,172	$	(1,131	)	$	(1,131	)

Balance at December 31, 2021	$	2,199,937
Adjustments related to 2021 acquisition		722
Balance at March 31, 2022	$	2,200,659

	March 31, 2021
Revenue	$	62,520
Salaries, wages and benefits		35,937
Professional fees		6,815
Supplies		2,217
Rents and leases		2,509
Other operating expenses		6,682
Interest expense, net		10
Loss on sale		13,490
Transaction-related expenses		6,265
Total expenses		73,925
Loss from discontinued operations before income taxes		(11,405	)
Benefit from income taxes		1,236
Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes	$	(12,641	)

	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Unearned Income	$	26,300	$	30,371
					March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Accrued expenses		24,347		26,791	$	20,976	$	26,699
Cost report payable						18,818		13,738
Accrued interest		17,490		17,418		17,411		17,596
Insurance liability – current portion						12,128		12,128
Government relief funds		13,787		12,718		8,975		8,975
Cost report payable		13,318		6,487
Insurance liability – current portion		11,923		11,923
Accrued property taxes		8,046		8,375		8,404		9,009
Contract liabilities						5,097		6,653
Finance lease liabilities		990		990		990		990
Income taxes payable		213		5,540		45		1,338
Other		5,616		5,886		16,979		13,466
Other accrued liabilities	$	122,030	$	126,499	$	109,823	$	110,592

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Revenue	$	569,806
Income before income taxes		72,712
Net income		56,687
Net income attributable to Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc.		56,687