UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
for the quarterly period ended March 31, 20222023
or
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
for the transition period from _________ to _________
Commission file number: 001-36153
Criteo S.A.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
France
Not Applicable
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
32 Rue BlancheParisFrance75009
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)

+33 1 75 85 09 39
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
American Depositary Shares, each representing one Ordinary Share,
nominal value €0.025 per share
CRTONasdaq Global Select Market
Ordinary Shares, nominal value €0.025 per share*Nasdaq Global Select Market*
* Not for trading, but only in connection with the registration of the American Depositary Shares.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes   No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes      No 







Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,”“ ”“accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large Accelerated FilerAccelerated Filer
Non-accelerated FilerSmaller reporting company
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨ 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).   Yes        No x
          As of April 30, 2022,28, 2023, the registrant had 60,355,30456,136,498 ordinary shares, nominal value €0.025 per share, outstanding.




TABLE OF CONTENTS












General
    Except where the context otherwise requires, all references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q ("Form 10-Q") to the "Company," "Criteo," "we," "us," "our" or similar words or phrases are to Criteo S.A. and its subsidiaries, taken together. In this Form 10-Q, references to "$" and "US$" are to United States dollars. Our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or "U.S. GAAP."
Trademarks
    “Criteo,” the Criteo logo and other trademarks or service marks of Criteo appearing in this Form 10-Q are the property of Criteo. Trade names, trademarks and service marks of other companies appearing in this Form 10-Q are the property of their respective holders.
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
    This Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), that are based on our management’s beliefs and assumptions and on information currently available to our management. All statements other than present and historical facts and conditions contained in this Form 10-Q, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, business strategy, plans and objectives for future operations, are forward-looking statements. When used in this Form 10-Q, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “can,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “is designed to,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “objective,” “should,” or the negative of these and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about:
the ongoing effect of inflation and rising interest rates in the COVID-19 pandemic,U.S., including itsthe macroeconomic effects, on our business, operations, and financial results, and the effect of governmental restrictions and regulations on our operations and processes;results;
the ability of the Criteo Artificial Intelligence (AI) Engine to accurately predict engagement by a user;
our ability to predict and adapt to changes in widely adopted industry platforms and other new technologies, including without limitation the proposed changes to and enhancements of the Chrome browser announced by Google;
our ability to continue to collect and utilize data about user behavior and interaction with advertisers and publishers;
our ability to acquire an adequate supply of advertising inventory from publishers on terms that are favorable to us;
our ability to meet the challenges of a growing and international company in a rapidly developing and changing industry, including our ability to forecast accurately;
our ability to maintain an adequate rate of revenue growth and sustain profitability;
our ability to manage our international operations and expansion and the integration of our acquisitions;
the effects of increased competition in our market;
our ability to adapt to regulatory, legislative or self-regulatory developments regarding internet privacy matters;
our ability to protect users’ information and adequately address privacy concerns;
our ability to enhance our brand;
the invasion of Ukraine by Russia and the effect of any resulting sanctions on our business;
our ability to enter new marketing channels and new geographies;
our ability to effectively scale our technology platform;
our ability to attract and retain qualified employees and key personnel;
our ability to maintain, protect and enhance our brand and intellectual property; and
failures in our systems or infrastructure.




    You should also refer to Item 1A “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021,2022, and to Part II, Item 1A "Risk Factors" of our subsequent quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for a discussion of important factors that may cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by our forward-looking statements. As a result of these factors, we cannot assure you that the forward-looking statements in this Form 10-Q will prove to be accurate. Furthermore, if our forward-looking statements prove to be inaccurate, the inaccuracy may be material. In light of the significant uncertainties in these forward-looking statements, you should not regard these statements as a representation or warranty by us or any other person that we will achieve our objectives and plans in any specified time frame or at all. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.
    You should read this Form 10-Q and the documents that we reference in this Form 10-Q and have filed as exhibits to this Form 10-Q completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary factors.
     This Form 10-Q may contain market data and industry forecasts that were obtained from industry publications. These data and forecasts involve a number of assumptions and limitations, and you are cautioned not to give undue weight to such information. We have not independently verified any third-party information. While we believe the market position, market opportunity and market size information included in this Form 10-Q is generally reliable, such information is inherently imprecise.




PART I
Item 1. Financial Statements
2


CRITEO S.A. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION (UNAUDITED)
NotesMarch 31, 2022December 31, 2021March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
(in thousands)(in thousands)
AssetsAssetsAssets
Current assets:Current assets:Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents3$589,343 $515,527  Cash and cash equivalents4$305,662 $348,200 
Trade receivables, net of allowances of $48.7 million and $45.4 million at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively
4479,636 581,988 
Trade receivables, net of allowances of $50.5 million and $47.8 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively
Trade receivables, net of allowances of $50.5 million and $47.8 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively
5545,840 708,949 
Income taxes Income taxes10,131 8,784  Income taxes1328,008 23,609 
Other taxes Other taxes72,869 73,388  Other taxes91,354 78,274 
Other current assets Other current assets545,460 34,182  Other current assets658,116 51,866 
Restricted cash - current Restricted cash - current475,001 25,000 
Marketable securities - current portion Marketable securities - current portion331,387 50,299  Marketable securities - current portion421,168 25,098 
Total current assets Total current assets1,228,826 1,264,168  Total current assets1,125,149 1,260,996 
Property, plant and equipment, netProperty, plant and equipment, net129,164 139,961 Property, plant and equipment, net146,211 131,207 
Intangible assets, netIntangible assets, net79,441 82,627 Intangible assets, net179,877 175,983 
GoodwillGoodwill328,125 329,699 Goodwill2522,788 515,140 
Right of use assets - operating leaseRight of use assets - operating lease7110,784 120,257 Right of use assets - operating lease8107,749 102,176 
Marketable securities - non current portion3— 5,000 
Restricted cash - non-currentRestricted cash - non-current4— 75,000 
Marketable securities - non-current portionMarketable securities - non-current portion410,875 — 
Non-current financial assetsNon-current financial assets6,855 6,436 Non-current financial assets4,542 5,928 
Other non-current assetsOther non-current assets50,000 50,818 
Deferred tax assetsDeferred tax assets32,145 35,443 Deferred tax assets44,296 31,646 
Total non-current assets Total non-current assets686,514 719,423  Total non-current assets1,066,338 1,087,898 
Total assetsTotal assets$1,915,340 $1,983,591 Total assets$2,191,487 $2,348,894 
Liabilities and shareholders' equityLiabilities and shareholders' equityLiabilities and shareholders' equity
Current liabilities:Current liabilities:Current liabilities:
Trade payables Trade payables$374,601 $430,245  Trade payables$602,180 $742,918 
Contingencies142,864 3,059 
Contingencies - current portion Contingencies - current portion1567,149 65,759 
Income taxes Income taxes7,450 6,641  Income taxes1316,815 13,037 
Financial liabilities - current portion Financial liabilities - current portion33,481 642  Financial liabilities - current portion44,208 219 
Lease liability - operating - current portion Lease liability - operating - current portion731,373 34,066  Lease liability - operating - current portion833,287 31,003 
Other taxes Other taxes58,780 60,236  Other taxes60,294 58,031 
Employee - related payables Employee - related payables93,817 98,136  Employee - related payables99,616 85,569 
Other current liabilities Other current liabilities640,149 39,523  Other current liabilities7109,367 83,457 
Total current liabilities Total current liabilities612,515 672,548  Total current liabilities992,916 1,079,993 
Deferred tax liabilitiesDeferred tax liabilities2,942 3,053 Deferred tax liabilities3,877 3,463 
Defined benefit plansDefined benefit plans84,638 5,531 Defined benefit plans94,138 3,708 
Financial liabilities - non current portion3354 360 
Lease liability - operating - non current portion784,692 93,893 
Financial liabilities - non-current portionFinancial liabilities - non-current portion476 74 
Lease liability - operating - non-current portionLease liability - operating - non-current portion880,762 77,536 
Contingencies - non-current portionContingencies - non-current portion1533,244 33,788 
Other non-current liabilitiesOther non-current liabilities7,676 9,886 Other non-current liabilities726,285 69,226 
Total non-current liabilities Total non-current liabilities100,302 112,723  Total non-current liabilities148,382 187,795 
Total liabilitiesTotal liabilities712,817 785,271 Total liabilities1,141,298 1,267,788 
Commitments and contingenciesCommitments and contingencies00Commitments and contingencies
Shareholders' equity:Shareholders' equity:Shareholders' equity:
Common shares, €0.025 par value, 65,905,394 and 65,883,347 shares authorized, issued and outstanding at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively.
2,150 2,149 
Treasury stock, 5,327,644 and 5,632,536 shares at cost as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
(137,330)(131,560)
Common shares, €0.025 par value, 63,316,696 and 63,248,728 shares authorized, issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, respectively.
Common shares, €0.025 par value, 63,316,696 and 63,248,728 shares authorized, issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, respectively.
2,081 2,079 
Treasury stock, 7,323,153 and 5,985,104 shares at cost as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
Treasury stock, 7,323,153 and 5,985,104 shares at cost as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
(211,400)(174,293)
Additional paid-in capitalAdditional paid-in capital740,515 731,248 Additional paid-in capital760,397 734,492 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(56,501)(40,294)Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(85,415)(91,890)
Retained earningsRetained earnings619,641 601,588 Retained earnings551,922 577,653 
Equity-attributable to shareholders of Criteo S.A.Equity-attributable to shareholders of Criteo S.A.1,168,475 1,163,131 Equity-attributable to shareholders of Criteo S.A.1,017,585 1,048,041 
Non-controlling interestsNon-controlling interests34,048 35,189 Non-controlling interests32,604 33,065 
Total equityTotal equity1,202,523 1,198,320 Total equity1,050,189 1,081,106 
Total equity and liabilitiesTotal equity and liabilities$1,915,340 $1,983,591 Total equity and liabilities$2,191,487 $2,348,894 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
23


CRITEO S.A.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOMEOPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)
Three Months Ended
NotesMarch 31,
2022
March 31,
2021
(in thousands, except share per data)
Revenue9$510,567 $541,077 
Cost of revenue:
Traffic acquisition costs(293,650)(327,667)
Other cost of revenue(32,893)(34,712)
Gross profit184,024 178,698 
Operating expenses:
Research and development expenses(34,027)(31,697)
Sales and operations expenses(88,999)(79,354)
General and administrative expenses(33,336)(33,428)
Total operating expenses(156,362)(144,479)
Income from operations27,662 34,219 
Financial and Other income (expense)114,030 (718)
Income before taxes31,692 33,501 
Provision for income taxes12(10,414)(10,051)
Net income$21,278 $23,450 
Net income available to shareholders of Criteo S.A.$20,587 $22,406 
Net income available to non-controlling interests$691 $1,044 
Weighted average shares outstanding used in computing per share amounts:
Basic1360,738,29960,741,674
Diluted1363,613,55064,077,409
Net income allocated to shareholders per share:
Basic13$0.34 $0.37 
Diluted13$0.32 $0.35 
Three Months Ended
NotesMarch 31,
2023
March 31,
2022
(in thousands, except share per data)
Revenue10$445,016 $510,567 
Cost of revenue:
Traffic acquisition costs(224,398)(293,650)
Other cost of revenue(39,109)(32,893)
Gross profit181,509 184,024 
Operating expenses:
Research and development expenses(63,590)(34,027)
Sales and operations expenses(101,242)(88,999)
General and administrative expenses(40,170)(33,336)
Total operating expenses(205,002)(156,362)
Income (loss) from operations(23,493)27,662 
Financial and Other income (expense)126,827 4,030 
Income (loss) before taxes(16,666)31,692 
Provision for income taxes134,595 (10,414)
Net income (loss)$(12,071)$21,278 
Net income (loss) available to shareholders of Criteo S.A.$(11,809)$20,587 
Net income (loss) available to non-controlling interests$(262)$691 
Weighted average shares outstanding used in computing per share amounts:
Basic1456,256,08260,738,299
Diluted1460,494,82763,613,550
Net income (loss) allocated to shareholders per share:
Basic14$(0.21)$0.34 
Diluted14$(0.20)$0.32 
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

34


CRITEO S.A.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOMEOPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31,
2022
March 31,
2021
March 31,
2023
March 31,
2022
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Net income$21,278 $23,450 
Net income (loss)Net income (loss)$(12,071)$21,278 
Foreign currency translation differences, net of taxesForeign currency translation differences, net of taxes(19,218)(36,983)Foreign currency translation differences, net of taxes6,315 (19,218)
Actuarial (losses) gains on employee benefits, net of taxes1,086 629 
Actuarial gains (losses) on employee benefits, net of taxesActuarial gains (losses) on employee benefits, net of taxes(136)1,086 
Other comprehensive income (loss)Other comprehensive income (loss)$(18,132)$(36,354)Other comprehensive income (loss)$6,179 $(18,132)
Total comprehensive income$3,146 $(12,904)
Total comprehensive income (loss)Total comprehensive income (loss)$(5,892)$3,146 
Attributable to shareholders of Criteo S.A.Attributable to shareholders of Criteo S.A.$4,380 $(11,446)Attributable to shareholders of Criteo S.A.$(5,334)$4,380 
Attributable to non-controlling interestsAttributable to non-controlling interests$(1,234)$(1,458)Attributable to non-controlling interests$(558)$(1,234)
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
45


CRITEO S.A.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
Share capitalTreasury
Stock
Additional paid-in capitalAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Retained EarningsEquity - attributable to shareholders of Criteo S.A.Non controlling interestTotal equity
Common sharesShares
(in thousands, except share amounts )
Balance at December 31, 202066,272,106$2,161(5,632,536)$(85,570)$693,164$16,027$491,359$1,117,142$35,545$1,152,687
Net income22,40622,4061,04423,450
Other comprehensive income (loss)(33,852)(33,852)(2,502)(36,354)
Issuance of ordinary shares119,80032,1482,1512,151
Change in treasury stocks34,935(1,693)(3,237)(4,930)(4,930)
Share-Based Compensation6,7106,710506,760
Other changes in equity
Balance at March 31, 202166,391,906$2,164(5,597,601)$(87,263)$702,022$(17,825)$510,528$1,109,626$34,137$1,143,763

Share capitalTreasury StockAdditional paid-in capitalAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Retained EarningsEquity - attributable to shareholders of Criteo S.A.Non controlling interestTotal equityShare capitalTreasury
Stock
Additional paid-in capitalAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Retained EarningsEquity - attributable to shareholders of Criteo S.A.Non controlling interestTotal equity
Common sharesSharesCommon sharesShares
(in thousands, except share amounts )(in thousands, except share amounts )
Balance at December 31, 2021Balance at December 31, 202165,883,347$2,149(5,207,873)$(131,560)$731,248$(40,294)$601,588$1,163,131$35,189$1,198,320Balance at December 31, 202165,883,347$2,149(5,207,873)$(131,560)$731,248$(40,294)$601,588$1,163,131$35,189$1,198,320
Net income20,58769121,278
Net income (loss)Net income (loss)20,58769121,278
Other comprehensive income (loss)Other comprehensive income (loss)(16,207)(16,207)(1,925)(18,132)Other comprehensive income (loss)(16,207)(16,207)(1,925)(18,132)
Issuance of ordinary sharesIssuance of ordinary shares22,0471319320320Issuance of ordinary shares22,0471319320320
Change in treasury stocks(*)
Change in treasury stocks(*)
(119,771)(5,770)(2,534)(8,304)(8,304)
Change in treasury stocks(*)
(119,771)(5,770)(2,534)(8,304)(8,304)
Share-Based CompensationShare-Based Compensation8,9488,948939,041Share-Based Compensation8,9488,948939,041
Other changes in equityOther changes in equityOther changes in equity
Balance at March 31, 2022Balance at March 31, 202265,905,394$2,150(5,327,644)$(137,330)$740,515$(56,501)$619,641$1,168,475$34,048$1,202,523Balance at March 31, 202265,905,394$2,150(5,327,644)$(137,330)$740,515$(56,501)$619,641$1,168,475$34,048$1,202,523
(*)On February 3, 2022, Criteo's board of directors authorized an extension of the share repurchase program to up to $280.0 million of the Company's outstanding American Depositary Shares. The change in treasury stocks is comprised of 303,342 shares repurchased at an average price of $27.4 offset by 183,571 treasury shares used for RSUs vesting.

Share capitalTreasury StockAdditional paid-in capitalAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Retained EarningsEquity - attributable to shareholders of Criteo S.A.Non controlling interestTotal equity
Common sharesShares
(in thousands, except share amounts )
Balance at December 31, 202263,248,728$2,079(5,985,104)$(174,293)$734,492$(91,890)$577,653$1,048,041$33,065$1,081,106
Net income (loss)(11,809)(11,809)(262)(12,071)
Other comprehensive income (loss)6,4756,475(296)6,179
Issuance of ordinary shares67,96821,2951,2971,297
Change in treasury stocks(*)
(1,338,049)(37,107)(13,922)(51,029)(51,029)
Share-Based Compensation24,61024,6109724,707
Other changes in equity
Balance at March 31, 202363,316,696$2,081(7,323,153)$(211,400)$760,397$(85,415)$551,922$1,017,585$32,604$1,050,189
(*) On February 5, 2022, Criteo's board of directors authorized an extension of the share repurchase program to up to $480.0 million of the Company's outstanding American Depositary Shares. The change in treasury stocks is comprised of 1,731,634 shares repurchased at an average price of $29.9 offset by 393,585 treasury shares used for RSUs vesting.

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
56


CRITEO S.A.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31,
2022
March 31,
2021
March 31,
2023
March 31,
2022
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Net income$21,278 $23,450 
Net income (loss)Net income (loss)$(12,071)$21,278 
Non-cash and non-operating itemsNon-cash and non-operating items34,726 30,017 Non-cash and non-operating items31,947 34,726 
- Amortization and provisions - Amortization and provisions26,611 17,225  - Amortization and provisions27,311 26,611 
- Net gain or (loss) on disposal of non-current assets3,945 
- Net (gain) or loss on disposal of non-current assets - Net (gain) or loss on disposal of non-current assets(8,790)
- Equity awards compensation expense (1)
- Equity awards compensation expense (1)
9,489 7,215 
- Equity awards compensation expense (1)
25,168 9,489 
- Change in deferred taxes - Change in deferred taxes2,868 4,998  - Change in deferred taxes(12,297)2,868 
- Change in income taxes - Change in income taxes(432)(3,379) - Change in income taxes(137)(432)
- Other(2) - Other(2)(3,819)13  - Other(2)692 (3,819)
Changes in working capital related to operating activitiesChanges in working capital related to operating activities18,926 23,895 Changes in working capital related to operating activities22,088 18,926 
- (Increase) / Decrease in trade receivables - (Increase) / Decrease in trade receivables92,738 47,226  - (Increase) / Decrease in trade receivables164,120 92,738 
- Increase / (Decrease) in trade payables - Increase / (Decrease) in trade payables(49,672)(10,640) - Increase / (Decrease) in trade payables(145,011)(49,672)
- (Increase) / Decrease in other current assets - (Increase) / Decrease in other current assets(18,947)(5,050) - (Increase) / Decrease in other current assets(13,594)(18,947)
- Increase/ (Decrease) in other current liabilities - Increase/ (Decrease) in other current liabilities(3,182)(4,527) - Increase/ (Decrease) in other current liabilities16,666 (3,182)
- Change in operating lease liabilities and right of use assets - Change in operating lease liabilities and right of use assets(2,011)(3,114) - Change in operating lease liabilities and right of use assets(93)(2,011)
Cash from operating activitiesCash from operating activities74,930 77,362 Cash from operating activities41,964 74,930 
Acquisition of intangible assets, property, plant and equipmentAcquisition of intangible assets, property, plant and equipment(10,857)(11,953)Acquisition of intangible assets, property, plant and equipment(37,195)(10,857)
Change in accounts payable related to intangible assets, property, plant and equipmentChange in accounts payable related to intangible assets, property, plant and equipment5,293 (1,827)Change in accounts payable related to intangible assets, property, plant and equipment3,976 5,293 
Payment for business, net of cash acquiredPayment for business, net of cash acquired(6,500)— 
Proceeds from disposition of investmentsProceeds from disposition of investments9,625 — 
Change in other non-current financial assetsChange in other non-current financial assets22,489 (3,252)Change in other non-current financial assets(6,008)22,489 
Cash (used for) from investing activitiesCash (used for) from investing activities16,925 (17,032)Cash (used for) from investing activities(36,102)16,925 
Proceeds from borrowings under line-of-credit agreementProceeds from borrowings under line-of-credit agreement78,513 — Proceeds from borrowings under line-of-credit agreement— 78,513 
Repayment of borrowingsRepayment of borrowings(78,513)(182)Repayment of borrowings— (78,513)
Proceeds from exercise of stock optionsProceeds from exercise of stock options271 2,074 Proceeds from exercise of stock options1,266 271 
Repurchase of treasury stocksRepurchase of treasury stocks(8,304)(4,930)Repurchase of treasury stocks(51,030)(8,304)
Change in other financial liabilitiesChange in other financial liabilities6,666 (378)Change in other financial liabilities— 6,666 
Cash (used for) from financing activities(1,367)(3,416)
Cash payment for contingent considerationCash payment for contingent consideration(22,025)— 
Other (2)
Other (2)
(428)— 
Cash used for financing activitiesCash used for financing activities(72,217)(1,367)
Effect of exchange rates changes on cash and cash equivalentsEffect of exchange rates changes on cash and cash equivalents(16,672)(24,865)Effect of exchange rates changes on cash and cash equivalents(1,182)(16,673)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents73,816 32,049 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalentsNet increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents(67,537)73,815 
Net cash and cash equivalents at beginning of periodNet cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period515,527 488,011 Net cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period448,200 515,527 
Net cash and cash equivalents at end of period$589,343 $520,060 
Net cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of periodNet cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period$380,663 $589,342 
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow informationSupplemental disclosures of cash flow informationSupplemental disclosures of cash flow information
Cash paid for taxes, net of refundsCash paid for taxes, net of refunds(7,978)(8,432)Cash paid for taxes, net of refunds(7,900)(7,978)
Cash paid for interestCash paid for interest(365)(367)Cash paid for interest(616)(365)
(1)(1) Of which $9.0$24.7 million and $6.8$9.0 million of equity awards compensationcompensation expense consisted of share-based compensation expense according to ASC 718 Compensation - stock compensation for the three months ended March, 31,2023 and 2022, and 2021, respectively.

(2)
Primarily consists of realized gains in FX hedges for the three months ended March 2022.
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
67


CRITEO S.A.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Criteo S.A. was initially incorporated as a société par actions simplifiée, or S.A.S., under the laws of the French Republic on November 3, 2005, for a period of 99 years and subsequently converted to a société anonyme, or S.A.
We are a global technology company that enables marketers and media owners to drive better commerce outcomes through the world’s leading Commerce Media Platform. We bring richer experiences to every consumer by supporting a fair and open internet that enables discovery, innovation, and choice — powered by trusted and impactful advertising from the world’s marketers and media owners.

We are leading the way of commerce media — a new approach to advertising that combines commerce data and machine learning to target consumers throughout their shopping journey and help marketers and media owners drive commerce outcomes (sales, leads, advertising revenue).

WeOur strategy is to help marketers and media owners activate 1st-party, privacy-safe data and drive better commerce outcomes through our Commerce Media Platform, a suite of products:
that offer marketers (brands, retailers, and agencies) the ability to easily reach consumers anywhere throughout their shopping journey and measure their advertising campaigns
that offer media owners (publishers and retailers) the ability to monetize their advertising and promotions inventory for commerce anywhere where consumers spend their time
sitting on top of a dataset and technology that power our entire offering.


In these notes, Criteo S.A. is referred to as the "Parent" company and together with its subsidiaries, collectively, as "Criteo," the "Company," the "Group," or "we".






























78


Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included herein (the "Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements") have been prepared by Criteo pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. However, the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021,2022, filed with the SEC on February 25, 2022.24, 2023. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included herein reflect all adjustments (consisting of normal, recurring adjustments) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary to state fairly the results for the interim periods presented. The results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the operating results to be expected for any subsequent interim period or for the fiscal year.

Conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the use of estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. We base our estimates and judgments on historical information and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. Our actual results may differ from these estimates. U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments in several areas, including, but not limited to: (1) gross vs net assessment in revenue recognition criteria, (2) allowances for credit losses, (3) research tax credits, (4) income taxes, including (i) recognition of deferred tax assets arising from the subsidiaries projected taxable profit for future years, (ii) evaluation of uncertain tax positions associated with our transfer pricing policy and (iii) recognition of income tax position in respect with tax reforms recently enacted in countries we operate, (5)(4) assumptions used in valuing acquired assets and assumed liabilities in business combinations, (6)(5) assumptions used in the valuation of goodwill, intangible assets and right of use assets - operating lease, and (7)leases, (6) assumptions used in the valuation model to determine the fair value of share-based compensation plan.plan, and (7) assumptions surrounding the recognition and valuation of contingent liabilities and losses.

There have been no changes to our significant accounting policies described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021.2022.
89


Accounting Pronouncements Adopted in 20222023

Effective January 1, 2022, we haveNo standards were adopted in 2023 which had an impact on the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") Government Assistance (Topic 832): Disclosure by Business Entities about Government Assistance (ASU 2021-10), which improves the transparency of government assistance received by most business entities by requiring the disclosure of: (1) the types of government assistance received; (2) the accounting for such assistance; and (3) the effect of the assistance on a business entity'sCompany's financial statements. We have enhanced our disclosures as a result of this pronouncement.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies that do not require adoption until a future date are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements upon adoption.

Note 2. Business acquisitions
Iponweb

On August 1, 2022, the Company, Iponweb Holding Limited, Exezars Limited (a subsidiary of Iponweb Holding Limited and collectively with Iponweb Holding Limited, the “Sellers”), Mr. Ljubisa Bogunovic, in his capacity as trustee of the “IW General Management Trust” and Mr. Boris Mouzykantskii, founder and Chief Executive Officer of Iponweb Holding Limited (the “Founder”) entered into an amended and restated Framework Purchase Agreement (the “FPA”), amending and restating the previously disclosed framework purchase agreement, dated December 22, 2021, which provided for the acquisition of the business of Iponweb Holding Limited (the "Iponweb business"), a market-leading AdTech company with world-class media trading capabilities, by the Company (the “Iponweb Acquisition”).

This business combination is composed of an asset purchase of Iponweb intellectual property and other intangible rights and a share purchase of 100% of the share capital and voting rights of nine Iponweb operational legal entities.
Purchase price. The purchase price, as per ASC 805, was $290.2 million for the Iponweb business, out of which $61.2 million represents the fair value of the contingent consideration. This contingent consideration is payable in cash to the Sellers in an amount up to $100 million, conditioned upon the achievement of certain net revenue targets by the Iponweb business for the 2022 and 2023 fiscal years.
Separate compensation arrangement. The Company transferred Treasury shares with a fair value of $70.2 million to Iponweb's Sellers, subject to lock-up conditions. As these shares are subject to a lock-up period that expires in three installments on each of the first three anniversaries of the Iponweb Acquisition, unless the Founder's employment agreement is terminated under certain circumstances during the pendency of such lock-up period, the $70.2 million fair value was not included in the purchase price consideration above and will be accounted for separately from the business combination as a stock compensation expense. See Note 11 for further discussion.

Financing. The acquisition was financed by available cash resources, and in connection with the Acquisition, the Company drew down €50.0 million ($51.1 million) for a one-month period on its then-current revolving credit facility (repaid prior to quarter end) to provide additional liquidity.
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The transaction was accounted for as a business acquisition. The purchase price allocation has been completed.
On the Acquisition Date, assets acquired and liabilities assumed by major asset class before purchase price allocationare as follow:
9
10


Estimated fair values
(in millions)
Cash and cash equivalents$93.3 
Trade receivables100.7 
    Other current assets1.1 
Technology90.2 
Customer relationships7.2 
Other non-current assets59.0 
Trade Payables(191.5)
Other current liabilities(3.1)
Other non-current liabilities(54.3)
Net assets acquired$102.6
Developed technology represents the estimated fair value of the features underlying the Iponweb products as well as the platform providing services to Iponweb customers. Customer relationships represent the estimated fair value of the underlying relationships with Iponweb customers, including the fair value of unbilled and unrecognized contracts yet to be fulfilled. The estimated useful lives of technologies acquired and customer relationships are four and nine years, respectively.

In theIponweb business's opening balance sheet, Criteo recognized a $17.6 million liability related to the Iponweb business's uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740. The Company also recognized a $33.7 million provision in connection with the Iponweb business, accounted for under ASC 450 Contingencies. As part of the Acquisition, the Sellers agreed to indemnify Criteo for losses related to certain liabilities, up to an amount of $50.0 million. As such, we have recognized an indemnification asset of $50.0 million which is recorded as part of "Other non-current assets" on the consolidated statement of financial position.


Goodwill. The Company has completed the valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as part of the Iponweb Acquisition, based on facts and circumstances that existed as of the Acquisition Date. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired has been allocated to goodwill. The goodwill of $187.6 million is primarily attributable to synergies expected to be realized from leveraging our technological capabilities and from the existence of an assembled workforce.


Acquisition costs. Acquisition related costs of $12.58 million were recorded within general and administrative expenses on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022. In the period ending March 31, 2023, we did not record any acquisition related costs.

Impact on profit and loss. The Company's consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 include Iponweb's revenues of $25.1 million and pretax income (loss) of $2.4 million.
On a pro-forma basis, assuming the Acquisition occurred on January 1, 2021, Criteo's consolidated pro-forma revenue and net income or loss would have been as follows:
Pro Forma Consolidated Statement of Operations Data
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2023
March 31,
2022
(in thousands)
Revenue$445,016 $563,397 
Net Income (loss)(12,071)16,722 

11



The historical consolidated financial information has been adjusted in the pro forma combined financial statements to give the effect to pro forma events that are directly attributable to the business combination and are reasonably estimable. The pro forma information is for informational purposes only and is not indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the Acquisition had taken place at the beginning the Company's fiscal year 2021.
Brandcrush
On February 28, 2023 we completed the acquisition of all of the outstanding shares of Brandcrush Inc. ("Brandcrush"). The purchase price for the acquisition of shares was $7.1 million. The acquisition was financed by available cash resources. The transaction has been accounted for as a business combination under the acquisition method of accounting. A preliminary valuation of the fair value of Brandcrush’s assets acquired was performed as of February 28, 2023, resulting in the identification of technology of $3.5 million. Provisional goodwill amounted to $5.0 million, subject to post-closing purchase price adjustments. Once this valuation analysis is finalized, the estimate of the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed may be adjusted. The Company will finalize these amounts no later than one year from the acquisition date. In addition, acquisition costs amounting to $0.4 million were fully expensed as incurred. 

12


Note 2.3. Segment information
Reportable segments
The Company reports segment information based on the "management" approach. The management approach designates the internal reporting used by management for making decisions and assessing performance as the source of the Company's reportable segments. The Company reports its results of operations through the following three segments: Marketing Solutions, Retail Media and Retail Media.Iponweb.

Criteo's Marketing SolutionsSolutions: This segment allows commerce companies to address multiple marketing goals by engaging their consumers with personalized ads across the web, mobile and offline store environments.

Criteo's Retail MediaMedia: This segment allows retailers to generate advertising revenues from consumer brands, and/or to drive sales for themselves, by monetizing their data and audiences through personalized ads, either on their own digital property or on the open Internet, that address multiple marketing goals.

Iponweb: This segment specializes in building real-time advertising technology and trading infrastructure, delivering advanced media buying, selling, and packaging capabilities for media owners, agencies, performance advertisers, and 3rd-party ad tech platforms.


Segment operating results, Contribution ex-TAC, is Criteo's segment profitability measure and reflects our gross profit plus other costs of revenue.

The following table shows revenue by reportable segment:
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31,
2022
March 31,
2021
March 31,
2023
March 31,
2022
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Marketing SolutionsMarketing Solutions$463,888 483,190 Marketing Solutions$381,907 463,888 
Retail MediaRetail Media46,679 57,887 Retail Media38,021 46,679 
IponwebIponweb25,088 — 
Total RevenueTotal Revenue$510,567 $541,077 Total Revenue$445,016 $510,567 
The following table shows Contribution ex-TAC by reportable segment and its reconciliation to the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operation:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2022
March 31,
2021
(in thousands)
Contribution ex-TAC
Marketing Solutions$186,088 $192,317 
Retail Media30,829 21,093 
$216,917 $213,410 
Other costs of sales(32,893)(34,712)
Gross profit$184,024 $178,698 
Operating expenses
Research and development expenses(34,027)(31,697)
Sales and operations expenses(88,999)(79,354)
General and administrative expenses(33,336)(33,428)
Total Operating expenses(156,362)(144,479)
Income from operations$27,662 $34,219 
Financial and Other Income (Expense)4,030 (718)
Income before tax$31,692 $33,501 
13


Three Months Ended
March 31,
2023
March 31,
2022
(in thousands)
Contribution ex-TAC
Marketing Solutions$158,178 $186,088 
Retail Media37,352 30,829 
Iponweb25,088 — 
$220,618 $216,917 
Other costs of sales(39,109)(32,893)
Gross profit$181,509 $184,024 
Operating expenses
Research and development expenses(63,590)(34,027)
Sales and operations expenses(101,242)(88,999)
General and administrative expenses(40,170)(33,336)
Total Operating expenses(205,002)(156,362)
Income (loss) from operations$(23,493)$27,662 
Financial and Other Income6,827 4,030 
Income (loss) before tax$(16,666)$31,692 
The Company's chief operating decision maker, or CODM, does not review any other financial information for our 2three segments, other than Contribution ex-TAC, at the reportable segment level.

Note 4. Cash, Cash Equivalents, Marketable Securities and Restricted Cash
Fair Value Measurements     
As of March 31, 2023
Cash and Cash EquivalentMarketable Securities
(in thousands)
Cash228,055 $— 
Level 2
   Term deposits and notes77,607 32,043 
Total$305,662 $32,043 
As of December 31, 2022
Cash and Cash EquivalentMarketable Securities
(in thousands)
Cash282,293 $— 
Level 2
   Term deposits and notes65,907 25,098 
Total$348,200 $25,098 
10
14



Note 3. Financial Instruments
Financial assets
The maximum exposure to credit risk at the end of each reported period is represented by the carrying amount of financial assets and summarized in the following table:
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(in thousands)
Trade receivables, net of allowances479,636 581,988 
Other taxes72,869 73,388 
Other current assets45,460 34,182 
Non-current financial assets6,855 6,436 
Marketable securities31,387 55,299 
Total$636,207 $751,293 

For our financial assets, other than trade receivables, net of allowances, the fair value approximates the carrying amount, given the nature of the financial assets and the maturity of the expected cash flows.

Financial Liabilities
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(in thousands)
Trade payables$374,601 $430,245 
Other taxes58,780 60,236 
Employee-related payables93,817 98,136 
Other current liabilities40,149 39,523 
Financial liabilities3,835 1,002 
Total$571,182 $629,142 

The fair value of financial liabilities approximates the carrying amount, given the nature of the financial liabilities and the maturity of the expected cash outflows.

Fair Value Measurements     
We measure the fair value of our cash equivalents and marketable securities, which include interest-bearing bank deposits, as level 2 measurements because they are valued using observable market data.
Financial assets or liabilities include derivative financial instruments used to manage our exposure to the risk of exchange rate fluctuations. These instruments are considered level 2 financial instruments as they are measured using valuation techniques based on observable market data.


11



Derivative Financial Instruments
Derivatives consist of foreign currency forward contracts that we use to hedge intercompany transactions and other monetary assets or liabilities denominated in currencies other than the local currency of a subsidiary. We recognize gains and losses on these contracts in financial income (expense), and their position on the balance sheet is based on their fair value at the end of each respective period. These instruments are considered level 2 financial instruments as they are measured using valuation techniques based on observable market data.
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(in thousands)
Derivative Assets:
Included in other current assets$— $60 
Derivative Liabilities:
Included in financial liabilities - current portion$3,287 $— 

The fair value of derivative financial instruments approximates the notional amount, given the nature of the derivative financial instruments and the maturity of the expected cash flows.

Cash and Cash Equivalents
The following table presents for each reporting period, the breakdown of cash and cash equivalents:
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(in thousands)
Cash equivalents$78,782 $137,228 
Cash on hand510,561 378,299 
Total cash and cash equivalents$589,343 $515,527 

Cash equivalents are investments in interest–bearing bank deposits which meet ASC 230—Statement of Cash flows criteria: short-term, highly liquid investments, for which the risks of changes in value are considered to be insignificant. Interest-bearing bank deposits are considered level 2 financial instruments as they are measured using valuation techniques based on observable market data.
For our cash and cash equivalents, theThe fair value of term deposits approximates thetheir carrying amount given the nature of the cashinvestments, its maturities and cash equivalents and the maturity of the expected future cash flows.






12




Marketable Securities

The following table presents for each reporting period, the breakdown of the fair value of marketable securities:
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Securities Available-for-sale
Term Deposits$21,385 $22,652 
Securities Held-to-maturitySecurities Held-to-maturitySecurities Held-to-maturity
Term DepositsTerm Deposits$10,000 $32,647 Term Deposits$32,043 $25,098 
TotalTotal$31,385 $55,299 Total$32,043 $25,098 

The gross unrealized gains on our marketable securities were not material as of March 31, 2022.2023.
Term deposits are considered a level 2 financial instrument as they are measured using valuation techniques based on observable market data.
The following table classifies our marketable securities by contractual maturities:

Held-to-maturityAvailable-for-sale
March 31, 2022
(in thousands)
Due in one year$10,000 $21,385 
Due in one to five years$— $— 
Total$10,000 $21,385 
Held-to-maturityAvailable-for-sale
March 31, 2023
(in thousands)
Due in one year$21,168 $— 
Due in one to five years$10,875 $— 
Total$32,043 $— 
Restricted Cash
As part of the Iponweb Acquisition, we had deposited $100.0 million of cash into an escrow account containing withdrawal conditions. The cash secures the Company's potential payment of Iponweb Acquisition contingent consideration to the Sellers, which is conditioned upon the achievement of certain revenue targets by the Iponweb business for the 2022 and 2023 fiscal years. We have paid the contingent consideration of $22.0 million for the 2022 fiscal year in the quarter ended March 31, 2023.
March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
(in thousands)
Restricted cash – current$75,001 $25,000 
Restricted cash – non-current$— $75,000 
Total$75,001 $100,000 

1315



Note 4.5. Trade Receivables
The following table shows the breakdown in trade receivables net book value for the presented periods:
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(in thousands)
Trade accounts receivables$528,294 $627,379 
(Less) Allowance for credit losses(48,658)(45,391)
Net book value at end of period$479,636 $581,988 
Changes in allowance for credit accounts are summarized below:
 2022 2021
(in thousands)
Balance at January 1$(45,391)$(16,068)
Allowance for credit losses(7,291)(2,759)
Reversal of provision2,633 3,306 
Currency translation adjustment1,391 658 
Balance at March 31$(48,658)$(38,694)
We write off accounts receivable balances once the receivables are no longer deemed collectible. In the first quarter of 2022, Criteo recorded a bad debt reserve of $2.7 million associated with the adverse economic impacts of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

During the three month period ended March 31, 2022, and March 31, 2021, the Company recovered $0.6 million, and $0.5 million, respectively, previously reserved for, and accounted for this as a reversal of provision.
As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 no customer accounted for 10% or more of trade receivables.

14


March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
(in thousands)
Trade accounts receivables$596,368 $756,741 
(Less) Allowance for credit losses(50,528)(47,792)
Net book value at end of period$545,840 $708,949 

Note 5.6. Other Current Assets
The following table shows the breakdown in other current assets net book value for the presented periods:
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Prepayments to suppliersPrepayments to suppliers$12,840 $9,640 Prepayments to suppliers$11,910 $12,421 
Other debtorsOther debtors4,272 9,259 Other debtors10,806 6,768 
Prepaid expensesPrepaid expenses28,348 15,283 Prepaid expenses32,417 24,549 
Other current assetsOther current assets2,983 8,128 
Net book value at end of periodNet book value at end of period$45,460 $34,182 Net book value at end of period$58,116 $51,866 
Prepaid expenses mainly consist of costsamounts related to SaaS arrangements.

1516


Note 6.7. Other Current and Non-Current Liabilities
Other current liabilities are presented in the following table:
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Current liabilities to clients$16,214 $16,423 
Customer prepaymentsCustomer prepayments$13,196 $16,334 
RebatesRebates16,714 17,423 Rebates16,871 17,671 
Accounts payable relating to capital expendituresAccounts payable relating to capital expenditures4,251 4,507 Accounts payable relating to capital expenditures28,978 25,414 
Other creditorsOther creditors1,911 1,088 Other creditors4,846 2,388 
Deferred revenueDeferred revenue1,059 82 Deferred revenue27 $10 
Earn out liability – currentEarn out liability – current45,449 $21,640 
TotalTotal$40,149 $39,523 Total$109,367 $83,457 

Other non-current liabilities are presented in the following table:
March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
(in thousands)
Earn out liability – non-current$— $44,696 
Uncertain tax positions18,055 17,980 
Other8,230 6,550 
Total$26,285 $69,226 

Earn out liability
As part of the Iponweb Acquisition , the Sellers are entitled to contingent consideration of a maximum of $100.0 million, which is conditioned upon the achievement of certain revenue targets by the Iponweb business for the 2022 and 2023 fiscal years. The related earn out liability is valued and discounted using management's best estimate of the consideration that will be paid in 2024 (current portion). The contingent consideration for fiscal year 2022 of $22.0 million has been paid in the period ended March 31, 2023.

Uncertain tax positions
Other non-current liabilities also include approximately $18 million related to uncertain tax positions as of March 31, 2023. These uncertain tax positions are related to the Iponweb Acquisition.


1617


Note 7.8. Leases
The components of lease expense are as follows:
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021March 31, 2023March 31, 2022
OfficesData CentersTotalOfficesData CentersTotalOfficesData CentersTotalOfficesData CentersTotal
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Lease expenseLease expense$4,409 $5,207 $9,616 $6,543 $6,398 $12,941 Lease expense$3,704 $5,576 $9,280 $4,409 $5,207 $9,616 
Short term lease expenseShort term lease expense151 154 76 83 Short term lease expense142 151 151 154 
Variable lease expenseVariable lease expense50 55 144 73 217 Variable lease expense89 93 50 55 
Sublease incomeSublease income(172)0(172)(188)— (188)Sublease income(229)— (229)(172)(172)
Total operating lease expenseTotal operating lease expense$4,438 $5,215 $9,653 $6,575 $6,478 $13,053 Total operating lease expense$3,706 $5,589 $9,295 $4,438 $5,215 $9,653 

As of March 31, 2022,2023, we have additional operating leases, that have not yet commenced which will result in additional operating lease liabilities and right of use assets:
OfficesData Centers
(in thousands)
Additional operating lease liabilities$— $13,523 
Additional right of use assets$— $13,523 
OfficesData Centers
(in thousands)
Additional operating lease liabilities$1,081 $26,954 
Additional right of use assets$1,081 $26,954 
These operating leases will commence during the fiscal yearyears ending December 31, 2022.2023, 2024 and 2025, respectively.

1718


Note 8.9. Employee Benefits

Defined Benefit Plans
According to the French law and the Syntec Collective Agreement, French employees are entitled to compensation paid on retirement.
The following table summarizes the changes in the projected benefit obligation:
Projected benefit obligation
(in thousands)
Projected benefit obligation present value at January 1, 2021$6,167
Service cost1,324 
 Interest cost51 
Actuarial losses (gains)(1,543)
Currency translation adjustment(468)
Projected benefit obligation present value at December 31, 20212022$5,531 
Service cost2761,756 
 Interest cost1973 
Actuarial losses (gains)(1,086)(3,311)
Currency translation adjustment(102)(341)
Projected benefit obligation present value at December 31, 2022$3,708
Service cost176 
 Interest cost41 
Actuarial losses (gains)136 
Currency translation adjustment77 
Projected benefit obligation present value at March 31, 20222023$4,6384,138 
The Company does not hold any plan assets for any of the periods presented.
The main assumptions used for the purposes of the actuarial valuations are listed below:
Three Months EndedYear endedThree Months EndedYear ended
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Discount rate (Corp AA)Discount rate (Corp AA)2.25%1.40%Discount rate (Corp AA)4.10%4.25%
Expected rate of salary increaseExpected rate of salary increase5%5%Expected rate of salary increase5%5%
Expected rate of social chargesExpected rate of social charges49% - 50%49% - 50%Expected rate of social charges48%48%
Expected staff turnoverExpected staff turnover—% - 17.8%—% - 17.8%Expected staff turnover0% - 17.8%0% - 17.8%
Estimated retirement ageEstimated retirement ageProgressive tableProgressive tableEstimated retirement ageProgressive tableProgressive table
Life tableLife tableTH-TF 2000-2002 shiftedTH-TF 2000-2002 shiftedLife tableTH-TF 2000-2002 shiftedTH-TF 2000-2002 shifted


1819


Defined Contribution Plans
The total expense represents contributions payable to these plans by us at specified rates.
In some countries, the Group’s employees are eligible for pension payments and similar financial benefits. The Group provides these benefits via defined contribution plans. Under defined contribution plans, the Group has no obligation other than to pay the agreed contributions, with the corresponding expense charged to income for the year. The main contributions concern France, the United States (for 401k plans), and the United Kingdom.
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2022
March 31,
2021
(in thousands)
Defined contributions plans included in personnel expenses$(3,858)$(5,553)
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2023
March 31,
2022
(in thousands)
Defined contributions plans included in personnel expenses$(4,078)$(3,858)



Note 9.10. Revenue

Disaggregation of revenue
The following table presents our disaggregated revenues:
Marketing SolutionsRetail MediaTotalMarketing SolutionsRetail MediaIponwebTotal
For the three months endedFor the three months ended(in thousands)For the three months ended(in thousands)
March 31, 2023March 31, 2023$381,907 $38,021 $25,088 $445,016 
March 31, 2022March 31, 2022$463,888 $46,679 $510,567 March 31, 2022$463,888 $46,679 $— $510,567 
March 31, 2021$483,190 $57,887 $541,077 


1920


Note 10.11. Share-Based Compensation
Equity awards Compensation Expense
Criteo's board
Equity awards compensation expense recorded in the consolidated statements of directors ("board of directors") has been authorized by the general meetingoperations was as follows:
Three Months Ended
20232022
(in thousands)
   Research and Development(16,172)(3,968)
   Sales and Operations(4,045)(2,566)
   General and Administrative(4,951)(2,955)
Total equity awards compensation expense(25,168)(9,489)
Tax benefit from equity awards compensation expense1,700 1,215 
Total equity awards compensation expense, net of tax effect$(23,468)$(8,274)

The breakdown of the shareholdersequity award compensation expense by instrument type was as follows:
Three Months Ended
20232022
(in thousands)
Share options(38)(58)
Lock-up shares(10,591)— 
Restricted stock units / Performance stock units(14,079)(8,983)
Non-employee warrants(460)(448)
Total equity awards compensation expense(25,168)(9,489)
Tax benefit from equity awards compensation expense1,700 1,215 
Total equity awards compensation expense, net of tax effect$(23,468)$(8,274)

A detailed description of each instrument type is provided below.

Share Options
Stock options granted under the Company’s stock incentive plans generally vest over four years, subject to the holder’s continued service through the vesting date and expire no later than 10 years from the date of grant.
In the following tables, exercise prices, grant employee warrants (Bons de Souscription de Parts de Créateur d’Entreprise or "BSPCEs"),date share options (Options de Souscription d'Actions or "OSAs"), restricted share units ("RSUs") fair values and non-employee warrants (fair value per equity instruments are provided in euros, as the Company is incorporated in France and the euro is the currency used for the grants.

Options Outstanding
Number of Shares Underlying Outstanding OptionsWeighted-Average Exercise PriceWeighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding - December 31, 2022372,329 
Options granted— 
Options exercised(12,363)
Options forfeited(400)
Options canceled— 
Options expired(300)
Outstanding - March 31, 2023359,266 20.65 4.4916.25 
Vested and exercisable - March 31, 2023288,866 
Bons de Souscription d'Actions or "BSAs")
21

.

DuringThe aggregate intrinsic value represents the three months endeddifference between the exercise price of the options and the fair market value of common stock on the date of exercise. No new stock options were granted in the period ending March 31, 2023. As of March 31, 2023, unrecognized stock-based compensation $0.1 million related to unvested stock options will be recognized on a straight-line basis over a weighted average period of 1 year.

Lock up shares

On August 1, 2022, there was2,960,243 Treasury shares were transferred to the Founder (referred to as Lock Up Shares or "LUS", see Note 2), as partial consideration for the Iponweb Acquisition. As these shares are subject to a lock-up period that expires in three installments on each of the first 1 grant othreef RSUs anniversaries of the Iponweb Acquisition, unless the Founder's employment agreement is terminated under certain circumstances during the Employee Share Option Plan 14pendency of such lock-up period, they are considered as defined in Note 20 to our audited consolidated financial statementsequity settled share-based payments under ASC 718 and are accounted over the three-year vesting period. The share based compensation expense is included in our Annual ReportResearch and Development expenses on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.Consolidated Statement of Income. The shares were valued based on the volume weighted average price of one ADS traded on Nasdaq during the twenty (20) trading days immediately preceding July 28, 2022.
On February 24, 2022, 348,134 RSUs were granted
SharesWeighted-Average Grant date Fair Value Per Share
Outstanding as of December 31, 20222,960,243 — 
Granted— — 
Vested— — 
Forfeited— — 
Outstanding as of March 31, 20232,960,243 $23.94 

At March 31, 2023, the Company had unrecognized stock-based compensation relating to Criteo employees subjectrestricted stock of approximately $45.3 million, which is expected to continued employment and 378,387 PSUs were granted to membersbe recognized over a period of 3 years starting from the management subject to continued employment.
There have been no changes in the vesting and methodgrant date of valuation of the BSPCEs, OSAs, RSUs, or BSAs from what was disclosed in Note 19 to the consolidated financial statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, filed with the SEC on February 25,August 1, 2022.

Change in number of outstanding BSPCERestricted Stock Units / OSA / RSU / BSA
OSA/BSPCERSU/PSUBSATotal
Balance at January 1, 2022570,801 5,299,356 343,775 6,213,932 
Granted— 726,521 — 726,521 
Exercised (OSA/BSPCE/BSA)(22,047)— — (22,047)
Vested (RSU)— (184,443)— (184,443)
Forfeited(23,420)(339,704)— (363,124)
Expired— — — — 
Balance at March 31, 2022525,334 5,501,730 343,775 6,370,839 
Performance Stock Units

BreakdownRestricted stock awards generally vest over four years, subject to the holder’s continued service and/or certain performance conditions through the vesting date.
In the following tables, exercise prices, grant date share fair values and fair value per equity instruments are provided in euros, as the Company is incorporated in France and the euro is the currency used for the grants.

Shares (RSU)Weighted-Average Grant date Fair Value Per Share
Outstanding as of December 31, 20225,349,955 — 
Granted497,821 — 
Vested(273,456)— 
Forfeited(196,070)— 
Outstanding as of March 31, 20235,378,250 25.69 

At March 31, 2023, the Company had unrecognized stock-based compensation relating to restricted stock of approximately $81.1 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.15 years.

22


Shares (PSU)Weighted-Average Grant date Fair Value Per Share
Outstanding as of December 31, 2022522,467 — 
Granted356,402 — 
Vested(118,161)— 
Forfeited— — 
Outstanding as of March 31, 2023760,708 27.20 

At March 31, 2023, the Company had unrecognized stock-based compensation relating to restricted stock of approximately $16.2 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.56 years.

Non-employee warrants

Non-employee warrants generally vest over four years, subject to the holder’s continued service through the vesting date.

SharesWeighted-Average Grant date Fair Value Per ShareWeighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding - December 31, 2022302,775 
Granted— 
Exercised(52,223)
Canceled— 
Expired— 
Outstanding - March 31, 2023250,552 17.65 5.2719.25 
Vested and exercisable - March 31, 2023230,737 

The aggregate intrinsic value represents the difference between the exercise price of the Closing Balance
OSA/BSPCERSUBSA
Number outstanding525,334 5,501,730 343,775 
Weighted-average exercise price19.41 NA15.12 
Number vested256,600 — 278,790 
Weighted-average exercise price25.21 NA15.75 
Weighted-average remaining contractual life of options outstanding, in years5.54NA5.54
non-employee warrants and the fair market value of common stock on the date of exercise. No new stock non-employee warrants were granted in the period ending March 31, 2023. As of March 31, 2023, the instruments were fully vested.


20


Reconciliation with the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021
(in thousands)
R&DS&OG&ATotalR&DS&OG&ATotal
RSUs$(3,968)$(2,611)$(2,404)$(8,983)$(2,496)$(1,649)$(2,288)$(6,433)
Share options / BSPCE— 45 (103)(58)— (105)(222)(327)
Total share-based compensation(3,968)(2,566)(2,507)(9,041)(2,496)(1,754)(2,510)(6,760)
BSAs— — (448)(448)— — (455)(455)
Total equity awards compensation expense$(3,968)$(2,566)$(2,955)$(9,489)$(2,496)$(1,754)$(2,965)$(7,215)



2123


Note 11.12. Financial and Other Income and Expenses
The condensed consolidated statements of income line item “Financial and Other income (expense)” can be broken down as follows:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2022
March 31,
2021
(in thousands)
Financial income from cash equivalents$133 $128 
Interest and fees(547)(540)
Interest on debt(530)(417)
Fees(17)(123)
Foreign exchange gain (loss)4,463 (798)
Other financial expense(19)492 
Total Financial and Other income (expense)$4,030 $(718)
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2023
March 31,
2022
(in thousands)
Financial income from cash equivalents$1,063 $133 
Interest and fees(486)(547)
Foreign exchange gains (losses)(1,949)4,463 
Other financial income (expense)8,199 (19)
Total Financial and Other income (expense)$6,827 $4,030 
The $4.0$6.8 million financial and other income and the $0.7 million financial and other expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021, respectively,2023, were driven by the recognition of a positivenegative impact of foreign exchange reevaluations net of related hedging and the up-front fees amortization, the non-utilization costs, and the financial expense relating to our available Revolving Credit Facility ("RCF") financing.
financing, fully offset by the proceeds from disposal of non consolidated investments.
At March 31, 2022,2023, our exposure to foreign currency risk was centralized at Criteo S.A. and hedged using foreign currency swaps or forward purchases or sales of foreign currencies.



2224


Note 12.13. Income Taxes
Breakdown of Income Taxes
The tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimate of our annual effective tax rate (“AETR”), adjusted for discrete items arising in the period. To calculate our estimated AETR, we estimate our income before taxes and the related tax expense or benefit for the full fiscal year (total of expected current and deferred tax provisions), excluding the effect of significant unusual or infrequently occurring items or comprehensive income items not recognized in the statement of income. Each quarter, we update our estimate of the annual effective tax rate, and if our estimated annual tax rate does change, we make a cumulative adjustment in that quarter. Our quarterly tax provision, and our quarterly estimate of our annual effective tax rate, are subject to significant volatility due to several factors including our ability to accurately predict our income (loss) before provision for income taxes in multiple jurisdictions and the changes in foreign exchange rates. Our effective tax rate in the future will depend on the portion of our profits earned within and outside of France.
The condensed consolidated statements of income line item “Provisionfollowing table presents provision for income taxes” can be broken down as follows:taxes:
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021
(in thousands)
Current income tax$(7,546)$(5,053)
Net change in deferred taxes(2,868)(4,998)
Provision for income taxes$(10,414)$(10,051)
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2023March 31, 2022
(in thousands)
Provision for income tax expense (benefit)$(4,595)$10,414 

For the three months ended March 31, 20222023 and March 31, 2021, we used an annual estimated2022, provision for incomes taxes is $(4.6) million and $10.4 million, respectively. The $(4.6) million tax rate of33% and 30%, respectively, to calculatebenefit was driven by the loss from operations. The three months ended March 31, 2023 provision for income taxes.taxes mainly differs from the nominal standard French rate of 25.0% due to the application of a reduced income tax rate on the majority of the technology royalties income in France.

Current tax assets and liabilities
The total amount of current tax assets and liabilities consists mainly of prepayments of income taxes and credits of Criteo S.A., Criteo Corp., and Criteo GmbH.
2325


Note 13.14. Earnings Per Share
Basic Earnings Per Share
We calculate basic earnings per share by dividing the net income or loss for the period attributable to shareholders of the Parent by the weighted average number of shares outstanding.
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021March 31, 2023March 31, 2022
Net income attributable to shareholders of Criteo S.A.$20,587 $22,406 
Net income (loss) attributable to shareholders of Criteo S.A.Net income (loss) attributable to shareholders of Criteo S.A.$(11,809)$20,587 
Weighted average number of shares outstandingWeighted average number of shares outstanding60,738,299 60,741,674 Weighted average number of shares outstanding56,256,082 60,738,299 
Basic earnings per shareBasic earnings per share$0.34 $0.37 Basic earnings per share$(0.21)$0.34 
Diluted Earnings Per Share
We calculate diluted earnings per share by dividing the net income or loss attributable to shareholders of the Parent by the weighted average number of shares outstanding plus any potentially dilutive shares not yet issued from share-based compensation plans (see (refer to Note 10)11). There were no other potentially dilutive instruments outstanding as of March 31, 20222023 and March 31, 2021.2022. Consequently, all potential dilutive effects from shares are considered.
For each period presented, a contract to issue a certain number of shares (i.e,(i.e., share option, non-employee warrant, employee warrant ("BSPCE")) is assessed as potentially dilutive if it is “in the money” (i.e., the exercise or settlement price is lower than the average market price).
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021March 31, 2023March 31, 2022
Net income attributable to shareholders of Criteo S.A.$20,587 $22,406 
Net income (loss) attributable to shareholders of Criteo S.A.Net income (loss) attributable to shareholders of Criteo S.A.$(11,809)$20,587 
Weighted average number of shares outstanding of Criteo S.A.Weighted average number of shares outstanding of Criteo S.A.60,738,299 60,741,674 Weighted average number of shares outstanding of Criteo S.A.56,256,082 60,738,299 
Dilutive effect of :Dilutive effect of :Dilutive effect of :
Restricted share awards ("RSUs")Restricted share awards ("RSUs")2,591,530 2,972,382 Restricted share awards ("RSUs")4,062,752 2,591,530 
Share options and BSPCEShare options and BSPCE179,089 296,071 Share options and BSPCE118,146 179,089 
Share warrantsShare warrants104,632 67,282 Share warrants57,847 104,632 
Weighted average number of shares outstanding used to determine diluted earnings per shareWeighted average number of shares outstanding used to determine diluted earnings per share63,613,550 64,077,409 Weighted average number of shares outstanding used to determine diluted earnings per share60,494,827 63,613,550 
Diluted earnings per shareDiluted earnings per share$0.32 $0.35 Diluted earnings per share$(0.20)$0.32 
The weighted average number of securities that were anti-dilutive for diluted EPS for the periods presented but which could potentially dilute EPS in the future are as follows:
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021
Restricted share awards58,840 332,300 
Share options and BSPCE— — 
Weighted average number of anti-dilutive securities excluded from diluted earnings per share58,840 332,300 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2023March 31, 2022
Restricted share awards497,821 58,840 
Share options and BSPCE— — 
Weighted average number of anti-dilutive securities excluded from diluted earnings per share497,821 58,840 
2426


Note 14.15. Commitments and contingencies
CommitmentsContingencies
Revolving Credit Facilities, Credit Line Facilities and Bank Overdrafts
From time to time we may become involved in legal proceedings or be subject to claims arising in the ordinary course of our business. We are not presently a party to any legal proceedings that, if determined adversely to us, would individually or taken together have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an RCF with a syndicateadverse impact on us because of banks which allows us to draw up to €294.0 million ($326.4 million).
We are also party to short-term credit linesdefense and overdraft facilities with HSBC plc, BNP Paribassettlement costs, diversion of management resources and LCL with an authorization to draw up to a maximum of €21.5 million ($23.9 million) in the aggregate under the short-term credit lines and overdraft facilities. As of March 31, 2022, we had not drawn on any of these facilities. Any loans or overdrafts under these short-term facilities bear interest based on the one month EURIBOR rate or three month EURIBOR rate. As these facilities are exclusively short-term credit and overdraft facilities, our banks have the ability to terminate such facilities on short notice.
Contingencies
Changes in provisions during the presented periods are summarized below:
Provision for employee-related litigationOther provisionsTotal
(in thousands)
Balance at January 1, 2022$1,117 $1,942 $3,059 
Increase17 — 17 
Provision used(79)— (79)
Provision released not used*(65)— (65)
Currency translation adjustments(31)(37)(68)
Balance at March 31, 2022$959 $1,905 $2,864 
 - of which current959 1,905 2,864 
*Due to changes in management's latest estimatesother factors.
The amount of the provisions represents management’s latest estimate of the expected impact.

Regulatory matters
As indicated in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, inIn November 2018, Privacy International filed a complaint with certain data protection authorities, including France's Commission Nationale de l'Informatique et des Libertés ("CNIL"), against Criteo and a number of other similarly situated advertising technology companies, arguing that certain of these companies' practices dowere not complyin compliance with the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation ("GDPR"). In January 2020, CNIL opened a formal investigation into Criteo in response to this complaint, which is still ongoing as per CNIL’s notification to Criteo datedand on June 23, 2021, whichCNIL notified the Company of the appointment of an investigator (rapporteur)investigator(rapporteur) for the ongoing investigation. The investigation also covers another complaint against Criteo received in November 2018 by CNIL from the European Center for Digital Rights ("NOYB"). There can be no assurance
On August 3, 2022, the assigned rapporteur issued a report that actions byclaimed certain GDPR violations, in particular relating to the Company’s contractual relationships with its advertisers and publishers with respect to consent collection oversight. The report includes a proposed financial sanction against the Company will not be required as a resultof €60.0 million ($65.3 million).Under the CNIL sanction procedures, Criteo had the right to respond in writing to the report, both with respect to the GDPR findings and the value of the investigation. However, atsanction, and did so, following which a formal hearing before the current phaseCNIL Sanction Committee occured on March 16, 2023, with both Criteo and the rapporteur presenting their respective positions. The CNIL Sanction Committee is expected to issue a draft decision that will be submitted for consultation to other European data protection authorities as part of the investigation, duecooperation mechanism mandated by GDPR. A final decision, including regarding potential financial penalties, will likely occur by mid-2023.

Pursuant to the absence of anyU.S. GAAP, we establish accruals for specific grievance or sanction and the lack of any legal grounds therefor, we consider this to be an unasserted claim for which an unfavorable outcomeproceedings when it is only reasonably possible,considered probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount of the potential loss cannotcan be reasonably estimated, and these accruals are reviewed and adjusted each quarter based on the information available at that time.

Given the receipt of this report, which included a proposed sanction penalty of €60.0 million ($65.3 million), we have accounted for the proposed penalty as a provision for a loss contingency, which is reflected in accordance withour financial statements, as a current liability, for the period ended as of March 31, 2023. Such amount could be lower or higher based on the final resolution and merits of the claims made in the report.

Non income tax risks
We have recorded a $33.2 million provision related to certain non income tax items accounted for under "ASC 450 Contingencies”, therefore, weContingencies". These risks were identified and recognized as part of the Iponweb Acquisition. We have not accrued a loss contingency.recorded an indemnification asset in the full amount of the provision as the Company is indemnified against certain tax liabilities under the FPA. The indemnification asset is recorded as part of "Other non current assets" on the consolidated statement of financial position.
2527


Note 15.16. Breakdown of Revenue and Non-Current Assets by Geographical Areas
The Company operates in the following 3three geographical markets:
•    Americas (North and South America);
•    EMEA (Europe, Middle-East and Africa); and
•    Asia-Pacific.
The following tables disclose our consolidated revenue for each geographical area for each of the reported periods. Revenue by geographical area is based on the location of advertisers’ campaigns.campaigns or of the retailers.

AmericasEMEAAsia-PacificTotalAmericasEMEAAsia-PacificTotal
For the three months ended:For the three months ended:(in thousands)For the three months ended:(in thousands)
March 31, 2023March 31, 2023$188,288 $160,214 $96,514 $445,016 
March 31, 2022March 31, 2022$194,847 $193,954 $121,766 $510,567 March 31, 2022$194,847 $193,954 $121,766 $510,567 
March 31, 2021$203,900 $212,096 $125,081 $541,077 
Revenue generated in France the country of incorporation of the Parent, amounted to $30.8$23.3 million and $37.7$30.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Revenue generated in other significant countries where we operate is presented in the following table:
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021March 31, 2023March 31, 2022
(in thousands)(in thousands)
AmericasAmericasAmericas
United StatesUnited States$171,864 $184,084 United States$169,591 $171,864 
EMEAEMEAEMEA
GermanyGermany$55,455 $53,596 Germany$45,782 $55,455 
United Kingdom$18,647 $23,292 
FranceFrance$23,298 $30,781 
Asia-PacificAsia-PacificAsia-Pacific
JapanJapan$77,975 $84,212 Japan$59,692 $77,975 


2628


Other Information
For each reported period, non-current assets (corresponding to the net book value of tangible and intangible assets, excluding right of use assets related to lease agreements) are presented in the table below. The geographical information includes results from the locations of legal entities.
Of whichOf which
HoldingAmericasUnited StatesEMEAAsia-PacificJapanSingaporeTotal
(in thousands)
March 31, 2022$88,303 $83,755 $82,504 $5,619 $30,928 $12,001 $14,824 $208,605 
December 31, 2021$97,627 $84,954 $83,843 $6,036 $33,971 $14,159 $15,650 $222,588 
AmericasEMEAAsia-PacificTotal
(in thousands)
March 31, 2023$91,766 $209,760 $24,562 $326,088 
December 31, 2022$92,952 $193,007 $21,231 $307,190 

Note 16. Related Parties
There were no significant related-party transactions pursuant to ASC 850 during the period nor any change in the nature of the transactions as described in Note 25 to the consolidated financial statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021.
2729


Note 17. Subsequent Events
The Company evaluated all subsequent events that occurred after March 31, 20222023 through the date of issuance of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and determined there are no significant events that require adjustments or disclosure.
2830


Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021,2022, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or "SEC", on February 25, 2022.24, 2023.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates from the information provided in Item 2, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," included in our Annual Report filed on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.2022.

Recently Issued Pronouncements

See "Recently Issued Accounting Standards" under Note 1, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies," of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of certain accounting standards that have been issued during 2022.2023.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

This Form 10-Q includesAs required by the following financial measures defined asrules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), we provide reconciliations of the non-GAAP financial measures bycontained in this document to the SEC:most directly comparable measures under GAAP, which are set forth in the financial tables below.

Reconciliation of Contribution ex-TAC Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income. These measures are not calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP.to Gross Profit

We define Contribution ex-TAC isas a profitability measure akin to gross profit. It is calculated by deducting traffic acquisition costs ("TAC") from revenue and reconciled to gross profit through the exclusion of other costcosts of revenue. Contribution ex-TAC is not a measure calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We have included Contribution ex-TAC because it is a key measure used by our management and board of directors to evaluate operating performance, generate future operating plans and make strategic decisions. In particular, we believe that this measure can be useful for period-to-period comparisons of our business. Accordingly, we believe that Contribution ex-TAC provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our results of operations in the same manner as our management and board of directors.
Adjusted EBITDA is our consolidated earnings before financial income (expense), income taxes, depreciation and amortization, adjusted to eliminate the impact of equity awards compensation expense, pension service costs and restructuring related and transformation costs. Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin are key measures used by our management and board of directors to understand and evaluate our core operating performance and trends, to prepare and approve our annual budget and to develop short- and long-term operational plans. In particular, we believe that by eliminating equity awards compensation expense, pension service costs and restructuring related and transformation costs, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin can provide useful measures for period-to-period comparisons of our business. Accordingly, we believe that Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin provide useful information to investors and the market generally in understanding and evaluating our results of operations in the same manner as our management and board of directors.
Adjusted Net Income is our net income adjusted to eliminate the impact of equity awards compensation expense, amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, restructuring related and transformation costs and the tax impact of these adjustments. Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted diluted EPS are key measures used by our management and board of directors to evaluate operating performance, generate future operating plans and make strategic decisions regarding the allocation of capital. In particular, we believe that by eliminating equity awards compensation expense, amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, restructuring related and transformation costs and the tax impact of these adjustments, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted diluted EPS can provide useful measures for period-to-period comparisons of our business. Accordingly, we believe that Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted diluted EPS provide useful information to investors and the market generally in understanding and evaluating our results of operations in the same manner as our management and board of directors.

29


Please refer to the supplemental financial tables provided for a reconciliation of Contribution ex-TAC to gross profit, Adjusted EBITDA to net income, and Adjusted Net Income to net income in each case, the most comparable U.S. GAAP measurement. Our use of non-GAAP financial measures has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider them in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our financial results as reported under U.S. GAAP. Some of these limitations are: (1) other companies, including companies in our industry which have similar business arrangements, may address the impact of TAC differently; and (2) other companies may report Contribution ex-TAC, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income, or similarly titled measures but calculate them differently or over different regions, which reduces their usefulness as comparative measures. Because of these and other limitations, you should consider these measures alongside our U.S. GAAP financial results, including revenue and net income.

30


Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income Data (Unaudited):
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
Revenue$510,567 $541,077 
Cost of revenue (1)
Traffic acquisition costs(293,650)(327,667)
Other cost of revenue(32,893)(34,712)
Gross profit184,024 178,698 
Operating expenses
Research and development expenses (1)
(34,027)(31,697)
Sales and operations expenses (1)
(88,999)(79,354)
General and administrative expenses (1)
(33,336)(33,428)
Total operating expenses(156,362)(144,479)
Income from operations27,662 34,219 
Financial and Other income (expense)4,030 (718)
Income before taxes31,692 33,501 
Provision for income taxes(10,414)(10,051)
Net income$21,278 $23,450 
Net income available to shareholders of Criteo S.A.$20,587 $22,406 
Net income allocated to shareholders per share:
Basic$0.34 $0.37 
Diluted$0.32 $0.35 
Weighted average shares outstanding used in computing per share amounts:
Basic60,738,299 60,741,674 
Diluted63,613,550 64,077,409 
(1)Cost of revenue and operating expenses include equity awards compensation expense, pension service costs, depreciation and amortization expense, restructuring related and transformation costs, and acquisition-related costs:
31



Detailed Information on Selected Items (unaudited):
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021
(in thousands)
Equity awards compensation expense
Research and development expenses$3,967 $2,496 
Sales and operations expenses2,568 2,369 
General and administrative expenses2,955 3,017 
Total equity awards compensation expense$9,490 $7,882 
Pension service costs
Research and development expenses142 175 
Sales and operations expenses40 53 
General and administrative expenses93 110 
Total pension service costs (a)
$275 $338 
Depreciation and amortization expense
Cost of revenue (data center equipment)14,632 15,244 
Research and development expenses (b)
3,293 1,753 
Sales and operations expenses (c)
3,609 3,954 
General and administrative expenses610 903 
Total depreciation and amortization expense$22,144 $21,854 
Acquisition-related costs
General and administrative expenses2,544 — 
Total acquisition-related costs$2,544 $ 
Restructuring related and transformation (gain) costs
Research and development expenses1,436 
Sales and operations expenses456 7,367 
General and administrative expenses245 2,833 
Total Restructuring related and transformation (gain) costs$710 $11,636 
(a) Effective January 1, 2012, actuarial gains and losses are recognized in other comprehensive income.
(b) Includes acquisition-related amortization of intangible assets of $1.5 million and $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively .
(c) Includes acquisition-related amortization of intangible assets of $2.1 million and $2.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.





32



Detailed Information on Restructuring related and Transformation costs (unaudited):

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021
(in thousands)
(Gain) from forfeitures of share-based compensation awards— (666)
Facilities related (gain) costs533 6,616 
Payroll related (gain) costs— 5,152 
Consulting costs related to transformation177 534 
Total restructuring related and transformation (gain) costs$710 $11,636 
For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021, respectively, the cash outflows related to restructuring related and transformation costs were $0.9 million and $6.1 million, and were mainly comprised of payroll costs, broker and termination penalties related to real-estate facilities and other consulting fees.

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position Data (unaudited):

March 31, 2022December 31,
2021
(in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents$589,343 $515,527 
Total assets1,915,340 1,983,591 
Trade receivables, net of credit losses479,636 581,988 
Total financial liabilities3,835 1,002 
Total liabilities712,817 785,271 
Total equity$1,202,523 $1,198,320 

OtherFinancial and Operating Data (unaudited):
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021
(in thousands, except client data)
Number of clients21,597 20,626 
Contribution ex-TAC (3)
$216,917 $213,410 
Adjusted Net Income (4)
$33,774 $43,152 
Adjusted EBITDA (5)
$62,825 $75,929 


33


(3) We define Contribution ex-TAC as a profitability measure akin to gross profit. It is calculated by deducting traffic acquisition costs from revenue and reconciled to gross profit through the exclusion of other cost of revenue. Contribution ex-TAC is not a measure calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We have included Contribution ex-TAC because it is a key measure used by our management and board of directors to evaluate operating performance, generate future operating plans and make strategic decisions. In particular, we believe that this measure can be useful for measuring for period-to-period comparisons of our business. Accordingly,business.Accordingly, we believe that Contribution ex-TAC provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our results of operations in the same manner as our management and board of directors. Our use of Contribution ex-TAC has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider them in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our financial results as reported under U.S. GAAP. Some of these limitations are: (a) other companies, including companies in our industry which have similar business arrangements, may address the impact of TAC differently; (b) other companies may report Contribution ex-TAC or similarly titled measures but calculate them differently, which reduces their usefulness as a comparative measure. Because of these and other limitations,you should consider Contribution ex-TAC alongside our other U.S. GAAP financial result measures. The below table provides a reconciliation of Contribution ex-TAC to gross profit:

Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021March 31, 2023March 31, 2022
(in thousands, except client data)
Gross ProfitGross Profit$184,024 $178,698 Gross Profit$181,509 $184,024 
Other Cost of RevenueOther Cost of Revenue32,893 34,712 Other Cost of Revenue$39,109 $32,893 
Contribution ex-TAC (1)
Contribution ex-TAC (1)
$216,917 $213,410 
Contribution ex-TAC (1)
$220,618 $216,917 



3431


(4) We defineReconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to Net Income as our net income adjusted to eliminate the impact of equity awards compensation expense, amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, restructuring related and transformation costs and, acquisition-related costs, and the tax impact of the foregoing adjustments. Adjusted Net Income is not a measure calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We have included Adjusted Net Income in this Form 10-Q because it is a key measure used by our management and board of directors to evaluate operating performance, generate future operating plans and make strategic decisions regarding the allocation of capital. In particular, we believe that the elimination of equity awards compensation expense, amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, restructuring related and transformation costs and, acquisition-related costs, and the tax impact of the foregoing adjustments in calculating Adjusted Net Income can provide a useful measure for period-to-period comparisons of our core business. Accordingly, we believe that Adjusted Net Income provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our results of operations in the same manner as our management and board of directors. Our use of Adjusted Net Income has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our financial results as reported under U.S. GAAP. Some of these limitations are: (a) Adjusted Net Income does not reflect the potentially dilutive impact of equity-based compensation or the impact of certain acquisition related costs; and (b) other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate Adjusted Net Income or similarly titled measures differently, which reduces their usefulness as a comparative measure. Because of these and other limitations, you should consider Adjusted Net Income alongside our other U.S. GAAP financial results, including net income. The following table presents a reconciliation of Adjusted Net Income to net income, the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP measure, for each of the periods indicated:(Loss)

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021
(in thousands)
Net income$21,278 $23,450 
Adjustments:
Equity awards compensation expense9,490 7,882 
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets3,708 2,935 
Acquisition-related costs2,544 — 
Restructuring related and transformation (gain) costs710 11,636 
Tax impact of the above adjustments(3,956)(2,751)
Adjusted Net Income$33,774 $43,152 


35


(5)We define Adjusted EBITDA as our consolidated earnings before financial income (expense), income taxes, depreciation and amortization, adjusted to eliminate the impact of equity awards compensation expense, pension service costs, certain restructuring, relatedintegration and transformation costs, certain acquisition costs and acquisition-related costs.a loss contingency related to a regulatory matter. Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We have included Adjusted EBITDA in this Form 10-Q because it is a key measure used by our management and board of directors to understand and evaluate our core operating performance and trends, to prepare and approve our annual budget and to develop shortshort-term and long-term operational plans. In particular, we believe that the elimination of equity awards compensation expense, pension service costs, certain restructuring, relatedintegration and transformation costs, certain acquisition costs and acquisition-related costsa loss contingency related to a regulatory matter in calculating Adjusted EBITDA can provide a useful measure for period-to-period comparisons of our core business. Accordingly, we believe that Adjusted EBITDA provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our results of operations in the same manner as our management and board of directors. Our use of Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our financial results as reported under U.S. GAAP. Some of these limitations are: (a) although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future, and Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect cash capital expenditure requirements for such replacements or for new capital expenditure requirements; (b) Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs; (c) Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the potentially dilutive impact of equity-based compensation; (d) Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect tax payments that may represent a reduction in cash available to us; and (e) other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate Adjusted EBITDA or similarly titled measures differently, which reduces their usefulness as a comparative measure. Because of these and other limitations, you should consider Adjusted EBITDA alongside our other U.S. GAAP financial results, including net income. The following table presents a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income, the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP measure, for each of the periods indicated:

Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021March 31,
(in thousands)20232022
Net income$21,278 $23,450 
Net income (loss)Net income (loss)$(12,071)$21,278 
Adjustments:Adjustments:Adjustments:
Financial expense(4,030)718 
Financial (Income) expenseFinancial (Income) expense(6,606)(4,030)
Provision for income taxesProvision for income taxes10,414 10,051 Provision for income taxes(4,595)10,414 
Equity awards compensation expenseEquity awards compensation expense9,490 7,882 Equity awards compensation expense26,065 9,490 
Pension service costsPension service costs275 338 Pension service costs176 275 
Depreciation and amortization expenseDepreciation and amortization expense22,144 21,854 Depreciation and amortization expense25,320 22,144 
Acquisition-related costsAcquisition-related costs2,544 — Acquisition-related costs832 2,544 
Restructuring related and transformation (gain) costs710 11,636 
Restructuring, integration and transformation costsRestructuring, integration and transformation costs9,602 710 
Total net adjustmentsTotal net adjustments41,547 52,479 Total net adjustments50,794 41,547 
Adjusted EBITDAAdjusted EBITDA$62,825 $75,929 Adjusted EBITDA$38,723 $62,825 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2023March 31, 2022
(in thousands)
(Gain) from forfeitures of share-based compensation awards(897)— 
Facilities related (gain) costs618 533 
Payroll related (gain) costs9,631 — 
Consulting costs related to transformation250 177 
Restructuring, integration and transformation (gain) costs$9,602 $710 
3632


Results of Operations for the Periods Ended March 31, 20222023 and March 31, 20212022 (Unaudited)
Revenue breakdown by segment
Beginning in the first quarter of 2022 and 2021, we
We report our segments results as Marketing Solutions, Retail Media and Retail Media:Iponweb:
Criteo Marketing Solutions allow commerce companies to address multiple marketing goals by engaging their consumers with personalized ads across the web, mobile and offline store environments.
Criteo Retail Media solutions allowallows retailers to generate advertising revenues from consumer brands, and/or to drive sales for themselves, by monetizing their data and audiences through personalized ads, either on their own digital property or on the open Internet, that address multiple marketing goals.
Iponweb specializes in building real-time advertising technology and trading infrastructure, delivering advanced media buying, selling, and packaging capabilities for media owners, agencies, performance advertisers, and 3rd-party ad tech platforms.

Three months ended March 31, 20222023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2022
March 31,
2021
2022 vs 2021
(in thousands)
Revenue as reported$510,567 $541,077 (6)%
Conversion impact U.S. dollar/other currencies$25,595 
Revenue at constant currency (1)
$536,162 $541,077 (1)%
Marketing Solutions as reported$463,888 $483,190 (4)%
Conversion impact U.S. dollar/other currencies$25,082 
Marketing Solutions at constant currency (1)
488,970 483,190 %
Retail Media as reported (2)
46,679 57,887 (19)%
Conversion impact U.S. dollar/other currencies$513 
Retail Media at constant currency (1)
47,192 57,887 (18)%
2022
Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2022 decreased (6)%, or (1)% on a constant currency basis, to $510.6 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.breakdown by segment

In the quarter, 88% of revenue came from existing clients while 12% came from new client additions. We added 971 net new clients year-over-year across regions.

Marketing Solutions revenue decreased (4)%, or increased 1% on a constant currency basis, to $463.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, driven by healthy demand from Retail clients, both on our retargeting and audience targeting solutions, partially offset by anticipated identity and privacy changes and the suspension of the Company's operations in Russia.
 Three Months Ended
March 31, 2023March 31, 20222023 vs 2022
(in thousands)
Revenue as reported$445,016 $510,567 (13)%
Conversion impact U.S. dollar/other currencies$18,457 
Revenue at constant currency (1)
$463,473 $510,567 (9)%
Marketing Solutions revenue as reported$381,907 $463,888 (18)%
Conversion impact U.S. dollar/other currencies$18,083 
Marketing Solutions revenue at constant currency (1)
399,990 463,888 (14)%
Retail Media revenue as reported (2)
38,021 46,679 (19)%
Conversion impact U.S. dollar/other currencies$374 
Retail Media revenue at constant currency (1)
38,395 46,679 (18)%
Iponweb revenue as reported25,088 — N/A
Conversion impact U.S. dollar/other currencies$— 
Iponweb revenue at constant currency (1)
25,088 — N/A

(1) Information herein with respect to results presented on a constant currency basis is computed by applying prior period average exchange rates to current period results. We have included results on a constant currency basis because it is a key measure used by our management and board of directors to evaluate operating performance. Management reviews and analyzes business results excluding the effect of foreign currency translation because they believe this better represents our underlying business trends. The table above reconciles the actual results presented in this section with the results presented on a constant currency basis.
(2)Criteo operates as two reportable segments from December 31, 2021. The table above presents the operating results of our Marketing Solutions and Retail Media segments. A strategic building block of Criteo’s Commerce Media Platform, the Retail Media Platform, introduced in June 2020, and reported under the retail media segment, is a self-service solution providing transparency, measurement and control to brands and retailers. In all arrangements running on thisCriteo's Commerce Media platform, Criteothe Company recognizes revenue on a net basis, whereas revenue from arrangements running on legacy Retail Media solutions arewere accounted for on a gross basis. We expect mostMost clients using Criteo’s legacy Retail Media solutions to transitiontransitioned to this platform by the second halfend of 2022. As new clients onboard and existing clientsDuring the transition to the Retail Media Platform,period, Revenue may declinedeclined but Contribution ex-TAC margin is expected to increase.percentage increased. Contribution ex-TAC iswas not impacted by this transition.



3733


Retail Media revenue
Revenue by segment

Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2023 decreased (19)(13)%, or (18)(9)% on a constant currency basis, to $46.7$445.0 million forcompared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, reflecting the impact of recognizing revenue on a net basis for clients transitioning to the Company's platform. Criteo's platform accountsin Retail Media.

In the three months of 2023, 91% of revenue came from existing clients while 9% came from new client additions. Our number of clients was up 2% year-over-year, or down -1% excluding Iponweb.

Marketing Solutions revenue decreased (18)%, or (14)% on a constant currency basis, to $381.9 million for a fast-growing sharethe three months ended March 31, 2023, driven by anticipated signal loss impacts, the suspension of the Company's operations in Russia and soft retail trends, partially offset by continued strength in travel.

Retail Media onsite revenue decreased (19)%, or about 81% in the first quarter of 2022, and its revenue is accounted for(18)% on a net basis. Inconstant currency basis, to $38.0 million for the prior year period, approximately 18%three months ended March 31, 2023, reflecting the impact of retail media onsiterecognizing revenue was accounted for on a net basis and asfor clients transitioning to the Company's platform. As a result of this transition to a full platform business, the growth of Retail Media revenue ishas been temporarily impacted. Reflecting the underlying economic performance, Retail Media's Contribution ex-TAC increased 46% (or 48%21%, or 22% on a constant currency basis) inbasis, for the first quarter of 2022,three months ended March 31, 2023, driven by continued strength in Retail Media onsite, in particular in the U.S. market, and growing network effects of onboarding brands and retailers to the platform.

Iponweb revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $25.1 million following the closing of the acquisition on August 1, 2022.

Additionally, our $510.6$445.0 million of revenue for the three months ended March 31, 20222023 was negatively impacted by $25.6$18.5 million of currency fluctuations, particularly as a result of the depreciation of the Euro, Japanese Yen, British Pound, Turkish Lira, Russian Ruble Japanese Yen and the Brazilian realReal compared to the U.S. dollar.

Revenue breakdown by region

























34


Three months ended March 31, 20222023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 20212022

Three Months Ended
March 31,
2022
March 31,
2021
2022 vs 2021
(in thousands)
Revenue as reported$510,567 $541,077 (6)%
Conversion impact U.S. dollar/other currencies$25,595 
Revenue at constant currency (1)
536,162 541,077 (1)%
Americas
Revenue as reported194,847 203,900 (4)%
Conversion impact U.S. dollar/other currencies$(594)
Revenue at constant currency (1)
194,253 203,900 (5)%
EMEA
Revenue as reported193,954 212,096 (9)%
Conversion impact U.S. dollar/other currencies$15,995 
Revenue at constant currency (1)
209,949 212,096 (1)%
Asia-Pacific
Revenue as reported121,766 125,081 (3)%
Conversion impact U.S. dollar/other currencies$10,194 
Revenue at constant currency(1)
$131,960 $125,081 %
Revenue breakdown by region
Information in this Form 10-Q with respect to results presented on a constant currency basis was calculated by applying prior period average exchange rates to current period results. Management reviews and analyzes business results excluding the effect of foreign currency translation because they believe this better represents our underlying business trends. Below is a table which reconciles the actual results presented in this section with the results presented on a constant currency basis.
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2023March 31, 20222023 vs 2022
(in thousands)
Revenue as reported$445,016 $510,567 (13)%
Conversion impact U.S. dollar / other currencies$18,457 
Revenue at constant currency (1)
463,473 510,567 (9)%
Americas
Revenue as reported188,288 194,847 (3)%
Conversion impact U.S. dollar / other currencies$(65)
Revenue at constant currency (1)
188,223 194,847 (3)%
EMEA
Revenue as reported160,214 193,954 (17)%
Conversion impact U.S. dollar / other currencies$8,539 
Revenue at constant currency (1)
168,753 193,954 (13)%
Asia-Pacific
Revenue as reported96,514 121,766 (21)%
Conversion impact U.S. dollar / other currencies$9,983 
Revenue at constant currency (1)
$106,497 $121,766 (13)%
(1) Revenue at constant currency excludes the impact of foreign currency fluctuations and is computed by applying the average exchange rates for the prior year to the following year figures.

Revenue by region

Our revenue in the Americas region decreased (4)(3)% (or (5), or (3)% on a constant currency basis)basis, to $194.8$188.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 20222023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022. This primarily reflects the impact of recognizing revenue on a net basis for Retail Media clients transitioning to the Company's platform, partially offset by continued strong performance of Retail Media as the platform continues to scale with large retailers and consumer brands as well as positive retail trends and a rebound in travel.

Our revenue in EMEA decreased (9)(17)% (or (1), or (13)% on a constant currency basis), basis, to $194.0$160.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 20222023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022, reflecting mixedsoft retail trends with strength in Germany and emerging markets offsetting softness inacross our markets. This also reflects the U.K. and France, andimpact of recognizing revenue on a net basis for Retail Media clients transitioning to the Company's platform, partially offset by solid traction in Retail Media.

Our revenue in the Asia-Pacific region decreased (3)(21)% (or increased 5%, or decreased (13)% on a constant currency basis),basis, to $121.8$96.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021, reflecting the recovery of our retail business in the region and soft Classifieds trends.
38


Cost of Revenue
Three months ended March 31, 20222023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 20212022, reflecting soft retail and Classified trends in the region.
Three Months Ended% change
March 31,
2022
March 31,
2021
2022 vs 2021
(in thousands, except percentages)
Traffic acquisition costs*$(293,650)$(327,667)(10)%
Other cost of revenue$(32,893)$(34,712)(5)%
Total Cost of Revenue$(326,543)$(362,379)(10)%
% of revenue(64)%(67)%
Gross profit %36 %33 %

*Traffic

35



Cost of Revenue
Three Months Ended% change
March 31, 2023March 31, 20222023 vs 2022
(in thousands, except percentages)
Traffic acquisition costs$(224,398)$(293,650)(24)%
Other cost of revenue$(39,109)$(32,893)19 %
Total cost of revenue$(263,507)$(326,543)(19)%
% of revenue(59)%(64)%
Gross profit %41 %36 %

Three Months Ended% change
% change at Constant Currency (2)
March 31, 2023March 31, 20222023 vs 20222023 vs 2022
(in thousands, except percentages)
Marketing Solutions$(223,729)$(277,800)(19)%(16)%
Retail Media
$(669)$(15,850)(96)%(96)%
Iponweb (1)
$— $— — %— %
Traffic Acquisition Costs$(224,398)$(293,650)(24)%(21)%

(1) There are no traffic acquisition costs breakdown by solution:
Three Months Ended% change
March 31,
2022
March 31,
2021
2022 vs 2021
(in thousands, except percentages)
Marketing Solutions$(277,800)$(290,873)(4)%
Retail Media (1)
$(15,850)$(36,794)(57)%
Traffic Acquisition Costs$(293,650)$(327,667)(10)%
associated with the Iponweb solutions as we are acting as agent in all the arrangements.

Cost of revenue for the three months ended March 31, 20222023 decreased $(35.8)$(63.0) million, or (10)(19)%, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022. This decrease was primarily the result of a decrease of $(34.0)$(69.3) million, or (10)(24)% (or (6)(21)% on a constant currency basis) in traffic acquisition costs driven by highera lower average price partially offset by an increase in volume, and a decreasean increase of $(1.8)$6.2 million, or (5)% (or NM on a constant currency basis)19% in other cost of revenue.
Traffic acquisition costs in Marketing Solutions decreased by (4)(19)% or increased 1%(or (16)% at constant currency. Thiscurrency). This was driven by a 16%(29)% decrease (or 11%26% at constant currency) in the average cost per thousand impressions ("CPM") for inventory purchased, reflecting our preferred relationships with media owners, which allow usincluding lower CPMs for signal-limited environments where Criteo continues to buy quality inventory directly from large publishers and remove intermediary fees in the process,perform, and a 7%13% increase in the number of impressions we purchased, reflecting our expanding relationships with existing and newnew publisher partners, in particular through direct connections, to support client demand for advertising campaigns.
Traffic acquisition costs in Retail Media(1) decreased by (57)(96)% (or (96)% at constant currency), reflecting the technical and transitory impact related to the ongoing client migration due to the transitioning of our platform. Becauseplatform because we recognize revenue on a net basis in all arrangements running on the platform, we expect ourplatform.
As Iponweb reports revenues on a net basis, it has no traffic acquisition costs for Retail Media to decrease over time as all of our clients are transitioned to the platform.costs.
The decreaseincrease in other cost of revenue included a decreasean increase in hosting costs of $2.0$9.0 million andpartially offset by depreciation and amortization expense of $0.6$3.0 million offset by an increase in other costs of sales mainly due to the digital tax and data acquisition costs.


(1) Criteo operates as two reportable segments from December 31, 2021. The table above presents the operating results of our Marketing Solutions and Retail Media segments. A strategic building block of Criteo’s Commerce Media Platform, the Retail Media Platform, introduced in June 2020, and reported under the retail media segment, is a self-service solution providing transparency, measurement and control to brands and retailers. In all arrangements running on this platform, Criteo recognizes revenue on a net basis, whereas revenue from arrangements running on legacy Retail Media solutions are accounted for on a gross basis. We expect most clients using Criteo’s legacy Retail Media solutions to transition to this platform by the second half of 2022. As new clients onboard and existing clients transition to the Retail Media Platform, Revenue may decline but Contribution ex-TAC margin will increase. Contribution ex-TAC will not be impacted by this transition
3936


Contribution excluding Traffic Acquisition Costs
We consider Contribution ex-TAC as a key measure of our business activity. Our strategy focuses on maximizing our Contribution ex-TAC on an absolute basis over maximizing our near-term gross margin. We believe this focus builds sustainable long-term value for our business by fortifying a number of our competitive strengths, including access to advertising inventory, breadth and depth of data and continuous improvement of theour Criteo AI Engine’s performance, allowing it to deliver more relevant advertisements at scale. As part of this focus, we continue to invest in building preferred relationships with direct publishers and pursue access to leading advertising exchanges.
The following table sets forth our revenue and Contribution ex-TAC by segment:

Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
SegmentSegmentMarch 31,
2022
March 31,
2021
YoY ChangeYoY Change at Constant CurrencySegmentMarch 31,
2023
March 31,
2022
YoY Change
YoY Change at Constant Currency (2)
(amounts in thousands, except percentages)
RevenueRevenue(amounts in thousands, except percentages)Revenue
Marketing SolutionsMarketing Solutions$463,888 $483,190 (4)%%Marketing Solutions$381,907 $463,888 (18)%(14)%
Retail MediaRetail Media46,679 57,887 (19)%(18)%Retail Media38,021 46,679 (19)%(18)%
IponwebIponweb25,088 — N/AN/A
TotalTotal510,567 541,077 (6)%(1)%Total445,016 510,567 (13)%(9)%
Contribution ex-TAC (1)
Contribution ex-TAC (1)
Contribution ex-TAC (1)
Marketing SolutionsMarketing Solutions186,088 192,317 (3)%%Marketing Solutions158,178 186,088 (15)%(10)%
Retail MediaRetail Media30,829 21,093 46 %48 %Retail Media37,352 30,829 21 %22 %
Iponweb(2)
Iponweb(2)
25,088 — N/AN/A
TotalTotal216,917 213,410 2 %6 %Total220,618 216,917 2 %6 %

(1)We define Contribution ex-TAC as a profitability measure akin to gross profit. It is calculated by deducting traffic acquisition costs from revenue and reconciled to gross profit through the exclusion of other cost of revenue. We have included Contribution ex-TAC in this Form 10-Q because it is a key measures used by our management and board of directors to evaluate operating performance and generate future operating plans. In particular, we believe that this can provide useful measures for period-to-period comparisons of our core business. Accordingly, we believe that Contribution ex-TAC provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our results of operations in the same manner as our management and board of directors. Our use of Contribution ex-TAC has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider them in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our financial results as reported under U.S. GAAP. Some of these limitations are: (a) other companies, including companies in our industry which have similar business arrangements, may address the impact of TAC differently; (b)  other companies may report Contribution ex-TAC or similarly titled measures but calculate them differently, which reduces their usefulness as a comparative measure. Because of these and other limitations, you should consider Contribution ex-TAC alongside our other U.S. GAAP financial results, including gross profit.









(1) Refer to the "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" section for a definition of this Non-GAAP metric.
(2) There are no traffic acquisition costs associated with the Iponweb solutions as we are acting as agent in all the arrangements.
40
37


Constant Currency Reconciliation
Information in this Form 10-Q with respect to results presented on a constant currency basis was calculated by applying the 2021prior period average exchange rates for the relevantto current period to 2022 figures. We have included information with respect to our results presented on a constant currency basis because it is a key measure used by our management and board of directors to evaluate operating performance.results. Management reviews and analyzes business results excluding the effect of foreign currency translation because they believe this better represents our underlying business trends. Below is a table which reconciles the actual results presented in this section with the results presented on a constant currency basis:
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31,
2022
March 31,
2021
YoY ChangeMarch 31,
2023
March 31,
2022
YoY Change
(amounts in thousands, except percentages)(amounts in thousands, except percentages)
Revenue as reportedRevenue as reported$510,567 $541,077 (6)%Revenue as reported$445,016$510,567(13)%
Conversion impact U.S. dollar/other currenciesConversion impact U.S. dollar/other currencies25,595 — Conversion impact U.S. dollar/other currencies18,457 — 
Revenue at constant currencyRevenue at constant currency$536,162 $541,077 (1)%Revenue at constant currency$463,473$510,567(9)%
Gross profit as reported$184,024 $178,698 %
Conversion impact U.S. dollar/other currencies$8,733 $— 
Gross profit at constant currency$192,757 $178,698 %
Traffic acquisition costs as reportedTraffic acquisition costs as reported$(293,650)$(327,667)(10)%Traffic acquisition costs as reported$(224,398)$(293,650)(24)%
Conversion impact U.S. dollar/other currenciesConversion impact U.S. dollar/other currencies(15,308)— Conversion impact U.S. dollar/other currencies(8,518)— 
Traffic Acquisition Costs at constant currencyTraffic Acquisition Costs at constant currency$(308,958)$(327,667)(6)%Traffic Acquisition Costs at constant currency$(232,916)$(293,650)(21)%
Contribution ex-TAC as reportedContribution ex-TAC as reported$216,917 $213,410 %Contribution ex-TAC as reported$220,618 $216,917 %
Conversion impact U.S. dollar/other currenciesConversion impact U.S. dollar/other currencies10,287 — Conversion impact U.S. dollar/other currencies9,939 — 
Contribution ex-TAC at constant currencyContribution ex-TAC at constant currency$227,204 $213,410 %Contribution ex-TAC at constant currency$230,557 $216,917 %
Contribution ex-TAC/Revenue as reportedContribution ex-TAC/Revenue as reported50 %42 %
Other cost of revenue as reportedOther cost of revenue as reported$(32,893)$(34,712)(5)%Other cost of revenue as reported$(39,109)$(32,893)19 %
Conversion impact U.S. dollar/other currencies(1,554)— 
Other cost of revenue at constant currency$(34,447)$(34,712)(1)%
Gross Profit as reportedGross Profit as reported$181,509 $184,024 (1)%

4138


Research and Development Expenses
Three months ended March 31, 20222023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 20212022
Three Months Ended% changeThree Months Ended% change
March 31,
2022
March 31,
2021
2022 vs 2021March 31,
2023
March 31,
2022
2023 vs 2022
(in thousands, except percentages)(in thousands, except percentages)
Research and development expensesResearch and development expenses$(34,027)$(31,697)7%Research and development expenses$(63,590)$(34,027)87%
% of revenue% of revenue(7)%(6)%% of revenue(14)%(7)%

Research and development expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2022, 2023, increased $(2.3) $29.6 million or 7% ,87% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. 2022. This increase mainly related to higher depreciationan increase in headcount-related expenses, including consideration paid to the Iponweb seller and accounted for as share-based compensation, and the amortization costs and headcount-related costs.
42



of Iponweb acquisition-related intangible assets.
Sales and Operations Expenses
Three months ended March 31, 20222023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 20212022
Three Months Ended% changeThree Months Ended% change
March 31, 2022March 31, 20212022 vs 2021March 31,
2023
March 31,
2022
2023 vs 2022
(in thousands, except percentages)(in thousands, except percentages)
Sales and operations expensesSales and operations expenses$(88,999)$(79,354)12%Sales and operations expenses$(101,242)$(88,999)14%
% of revenue% of revenue(17)%(15)%% of revenue(23)%(17)%

Sales and operations expenses for the three months ended March 31, 20222023 increased $9.6$12.2 million or 12%14% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022. This increase mainly related to an increase of net bad debt expense and an increase in headcount-related costs partially offset by a decrease in rent & facilities.



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marketing expenses and bad debt expense.
General and Administrative Expenses
Three months ended March 31, 20222023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 20212022
Three Months Ended% changeThree Months Ended% change
March 31, 2022March 31, 20212022 vs 2021March 31,
2023
March 31,
2022
2023 vs 2022
(in thousands, except percentages)(in thousands, except percentages)
General and administrative expensesGeneral and administrative expenses$(33,336)$(33,428)(0.3)%General and administrative expenses$(40,170)$(33,336)21%
% of revenue% of revenue(7)%(6)%% of revenue(9)%(7)%

General and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2022, decreased $(0.1)2023, increased $6.8 million or (0.3)%21%, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. This decrease was2022. The increase mainly relatedrelates to a decrease in headcount relatedheadcount-related costs.
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Financial and Other Income / (Expense)
Three months ended March 31, 20222023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 20212022
Three Months Ended% changeThree Months Ended% change
March 31, 2022March 31, 20212022 vs 2021March 31,
2023
March 31,
2022
2023 vs 2022
(in thousands, except percentages)(in thousands, except percentages)
Financial and Other Income / (Expense)Financial and Other Income / (Expense)$4,030 $(718)NMFinancial and Other Income / (Expense)$6,827 $4,030 69%
% of revenue% of revenue0.8 %(0.1)%% of revenue%%

Financial and Other income for the three months ended March 31, 2022, increase2023, increased by $(4.7)$2.8 million or NM, respectively,69% compared to the three months ended period March 31, 2021.2022. The $(4.0)$6.8 million financial and other income for the three months ended March 31, 2022 2023, were driven by the recognition of a positivenegative impact of foreign exchange reevaluations net of related hedging and the up-front fees amortization, the non-utilization costs, and the financial expense relating to our available Revolving Credit Facility ("RCF") financing,. fully offset by the proceeds from disposal of non-consolidated investments. At March 31, 2022,2023, our exposure to foreign currency risk was centralized at Criteo S.A. and hedged using foreign currency swaps or forward purchases or sales of foreign currencies.


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Provision for Income Taxes
Three months ended March 31, 20222023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 20212022
Three Months Ended% change
March 31,
2022
March 31,
2021
2022 vs 2021
(in thousands, except percentages)
Provision for income taxes$(10,414)$(10,051)4%
% of revenue(2)%(2)%
Effective tax rate33 %30 %
Three Months Ended% change
March 31,
2023
March 31,
2022
2023 vs 2022
(in thousands, except percentages)
Provision for income tax expense (benefit)$(4,595)$10,414 NM

For the three months ended March 31, 2023 benefit for incomes taxes is $(4.6) million. For the three months ended March 31, 2022 andincome tax expense was $10.4 million. The $(4.6) million was driven by the loss from operations. The three months ended March 31, 2021, we used an annual estimated tax rate of 33% and 30%, respectively, to calculate the2023 provision for income taxes.


taxes mainly differs from the nominal standard French rate of 25.0% due to the application of a reduced income tax rate on the majority of the technology royalties income in France
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Net Income / (Loss)
Three months ended March 31, 20222023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 20212022
Three Months Ended% changeThree Months Ended% change
March 31,
2022
March 31,
2021
2022 vs 2021March 31,
2023
March 31,
2022
2023 vs 2022
(in thousands, except percentages)(in thousands, except percentages)
Net income$21,278 23,450 (9)%
Net income (loss)Net income (loss)$(12,071)21,278 (157)%
% of revenue% of revenue%%% of revenue(3)%%
Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2022,2023, decreased $(2.2)$(33.3) million, or (9)(157)%, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022. This decrease was the result of the business dynamics discussed above, in particular, a $(6.6)$(51.2) million decrease in income from operations, offset by $2.8 million increase in financial and $4.7other income and by a $(15.0) million decrease in financial expense by a $(0.4) million, increase in provision for income taxes compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.

2022.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our principal sources of liquidity are our cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash generated from operating activities. We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our ordinary shares. We do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our equity securities in the foreseeable future. In 2018, we completed an $80 million share repurchase program. In July 2019, the board of directors authorized a new share repurchase program of up to $80 million of the Company’s outstanding American Depositary Shares, which we completed in February 2020. In April 2020, the board of directors authorized a new share repurchase program of up to $30 million of the Company's outstanding American Depositary Shares, which we completed in July 2020. In February 2021, the board of directors approved a new, long-term share repurchase program of up to $100 million of the Company's outstanding American Depositary Shares, for which the duration is estimated to be until December, 2021. In February 2022, the board of directors approved an extension of the long-term share repurchase program of up to $175 million of the Company's outstanding American Depositary Shares, to a total of $280 million.
Other than these repurchase programs, we intend to retain all available funds from any future earnings to fund our growth. As discussed in Note 14 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in Item 1 to this Form 10-Q, we are party to several loan agreements and revolving credit facilities with third-party financial institutions.
Our cash and cash equivalents are invested primarily in demand deposit accounts that currently provide only a minimal return. Our cash and cash equivalents at March 31, 20222023 were held for working capital and general corporate purposes, which could include acquisitions, and amounted to $589.3$380.7 million as of March 31, 2022.2023. The $73.8$(67.5) million increasedecrease in cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash compared with December 31, 20212022 primarily resulted from $74.9a decrease $(36.1) million in cash from operating activities, by $16.9 million in cash fromused for investing activities partially offsetand by $(1.4)$(72.2) million in cash used for financing activities over the period.period, partially offset by an increase of $42.0 million in cash from operating activities. The cash used for financing activities was mainly related to $(8.3)$(51.0) million in cash used for the share repurchase programsprogram, and a $(0.4)to $22.2 million change in other financial liabilities,payout of the current portion earn-out liability resulting from the Iponweb acquisition, partially offset by the recognition of a positive impact of foreign exchange reevaluations net of related hedging, and $0.3$1.3 million of proceeds from a capital increase following the exercises of stock options.options. In addition, the increasedecrease in cash includes an $(16.7)$(1.2) million negative impact of changes in foreign exchange rates on our cash position over the period. We do not enter into investments for trading or speculative purposes. Our policy is to invest any cash in excess of our immediate requirements in investments designed to preserve the principal balance and provide liquidity. Accordingly, our cash and cash equivalents are invested primarily in demand deposit accounts that are currently providing only a minimal return.
Furthermore,As disclosed in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year 2022, on September 27, 2022, the Company hasentered into a new five year Revolving Credit Facility (the "RCF") that allows immediate access to an additional € 294€407.0 million ($326.4442.6 million) from the RCF,of liquidity, which, combined with our cash position, marketable securities and treasury shares as of March 31, 2022,2023, provides total liquidity in excess of $1.0 billion.above $813 million. Overall, we believe that our current financial liquidity, combined with our expected cash-flow generation in 2022,2023, enables financial flexibility.

Share buy-back programs
Operating and Capital Expenditure Requirements
In December 2021, we completed a $100 million share repurchase program. In 2022, we completed an additional $136 million share repurchase. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, we had acquired $51.0 million of our on-going share repurchase program.
All above programs have been implemented under our multi-year authorization granted by Board of Directors. On December 7, 2022, this authorization was extended to a total amount of $480 million. Other than these repurchase programs, we intend to retain all available funds and 2021,any future earnings to fund our growth.
Operating and Capital Expenditure Requirements
For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, our capital expenditures were $5.6$33.2 million and $13.8$5.6 million, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2022,2023, these capital expenditures were mainly comprisedcomprised of purchasesacquisition of serversdata center and other data-centerserver equipment, and capitalized software development costs.internal IT systems. We expect our capital expenditures to remain at, or slightly above, 4% of revenue for 2022,2023, as we plan to continue to build, reshape and maintain additional data center equipment capacity in all regions and significantly increase our redundancy capacity to strengtheninvestments supporting our infrastructure.new work from home policy as part of our office right sizing program.
We believe our existing cash balances will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash requirements through at least the next 12 months.
Our future working capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the rate of our revenue growth, the amount and timing of our investments in personnel and capital equipment, and the timing and extent of our introduction of new products and product enhancements.
If our cash and cash equivalents balances and cash flows from operating activities are insufficient to satisfy our liquidity requirements, we may need to raise additional funds through equity, equity-linked or debt financings to support our operations, and such financings may not be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all.
48


We may also need to raise additional funds in the event we determine in the future to effect one or more acquisitions of businesses, technologies, assets or products.

42


If we are unable to raise additional funds when needed, our operations and ability to execute our business strategy could be adversely affected. If we raise additional funds through the incurrence of indebtedness, such indebtedness would have rights that are senior to holders of our equity securities and could contain covenants that restrict our operations. Any additional equity financing will be dilutive to our shareholders.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, including entities sometimes referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities that were established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. In addition, we do not engage in trading activities involving non-exchange traded contracts. We therefore believe that we are not materially exposed to any financing, liquidity, market or credit risk that could arise if we had engaged in these relationships.
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Historical Cash Flows
The following table sets forth our cash flows for the three month period ended March 31, 20222023 and March 31, 2021:2022:
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31, 2022March 31,
2021
March 31, 2023March 31,
2022
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Cash (used for) from operating activitiesCash (used for) from operating activities$74,930 $77,362 Cash (used for) from operating activities$41,964 $74,930 
Cash (used for) from investing activitiesCash (used for) from investing activities$16,925 $(17,032)Cash (used for) from investing activities$(36,102)$16,925 
Cash (used for) from financing activitiesCash (used for) from financing activities$(1,367)$(3,416)Cash (used for) from financing activities$(72,217)$(1,367)
Operating Activities
Cash from operating activities is primarily impacted by the increase in the number of clients using our solutions and by the amount of cash we invest in personnel to support the anticipated growth of our business. Cash from operating activities has typically been generated from net income and by changes in our operating assets and liabilities, particularly in the areas of accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, adjusted for certain non-cash and non-operating items such as depreciation, amortization and share-based compensation, deferred tax assets and income taxes.
For the three months ended March 31, 2022,2023, net cash provided by operating activities was $74.9$42.0 million and consisted of net incomeloss of $21.3$(12.1) million, and $34.7$31.9 million in adjustments for certain non-cash and non-operating items. Adjustments for certain non-operating items primarily consisted of amortization and provision expense of $26.6$27.3 million, equity awards compensation expense of $9.5$25.2 million, $0.6m change in other non-operating and $2.9non-cash items partially offset by $(12.3) million of changes in deferred tax assets, partially offset by a $(0.4)$(0.1) million change in income taxes and by other non-operating items of $(3.8)$(8.8) million. The $18.9$22.1 million increase in cash from changes in working capital primarily consisted of a $92.7$164.1 million decrease in trade receivables, partially offset by a $(18.9) million change in other current assets including prepaid expenses and value-added tax ("VAT") receivables, a $(2.0) million change in lease liabilities and right of use assets, a $(49.7) million decrease in trade payables, and a $(3.2)$16.7 million decreaseincrease in other current liabilities such as payroll and payroll related expenses and VAT payables and change in fair value of derivatives.derivatives, partially offset by a $(145.0) million decrease in trade payables, a $(0.1) million change in lease liabilities and right of use assets, and a $(13.6) million change in other current assets including prepaid expenses and value-added tax ("VAT") receivables.
Investing Activities
Our investing activities to date have consisted primarily of the consideration paid to acquire the Iponweb business and purchases of servers and other data-center equipment. For the three months ended March 31, 2022,2023, net cash fromused for investing activities was $16.9$(36.1) million and primarily consisted of a $22.5 million positive change from the maturity of investments in Marketable Securities, partially offset by a $(5.6)$(33.2) million change in capital expenditures mainly comprised of purchases of servers and other data-center equipment and capitalized software development costs.costs, a $(6.0) million change from the maturity of investments in Marketable Securities, a $(6.5) million payment for business acquisition, partially offset by $9.6 million proceed on sale of a non consolidated investment.
Financing Activities
For the three months ended March 31, 2022,2023, net cash used for financing activities was $(1.4)$(72.2) million, resulting mainly from a $(8.3)$(51.0) million payment for our share repurchase program, a $6.7$(22.0) million change in other financial liabilities relating topayout of the recognition of a positive impact of foreign exchange reevaluations net of related hedging,current portion earn-out liability resulting from the Iponweb acquisition, partially offset by $0.3$1.3 million of proceeds from capital increase following the exercises of stock options.
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Market Risk

We are mainly exposed to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. There have been no material changes to our exposure to market risk during the three months ended March 31, 2022.2023.
    
For a description of our foreign exchange risk, please see "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - B. Liquidity and Capital Resources" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.2022.
A hypothetical 10% increase or decrease of the Pound Sterling, the Euro, the Japanese yen or the Brazilian real against the U.S. dollar would have impacted the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income as follows:
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021March 31, 2023March 31, 2022
(in thousands)(in thousands)
GBP/USDGBP/USD+10%-10%+10%-10%GBP/USD+10%-10%+10%-10%
Net income impact$(138)$138 $(14)$14 
Net income (loss) impactNet income (loss) impact$(114)$114 $(138)$138 
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021March 31, 2023March 31, 2022
(in thousands)(in thousands)
BRL/USDBRL/USD+10%-10%+10%-10%BRL/USD+10%-10%+10%-10%
Net income impact$— $— $44 $(44)
Net income (loss) impactNet income (loss) impact$236 $(236)$— $— 
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021March 31, 2023March 31, 2022
(in thousands)(in thousands)
JPY/USDJPY/USD+10%-10%+10%-10%JPY/USD+10%-10%+10%-10%
Net income impact$134 $(134)$203 $(203)
Net income (loss) impactNet income (loss) impact$(339)$339 $134 $(134)
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021March 31, 2023March 31, 2022
(in thousands)(in thousands)
EUR/USDEUR/USD+10%-10%+10%-10%EUR/USD+10%-10%+10%-10%
Net income impact$2,273 $(2,273)$3,033 $(3,033)
Net income (loss) impactNet income (loss) impact$(1,680)$1,680 $2,273 $(2,273)

Credit Risk and Trade receivables
For a description of our credit risk and trade receivables, please see "Note 3. Financial instruments" and "Note 4.5. Trade Receivables" in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Based on their evaluation as of March 31, 2022,2023, our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) were effective to provide reasonable assurance that (i) the information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act are recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms, and (ii) such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in management's evaluation pursuant to Rules 13a-15(d) or 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
We have not experienced any material impact to our internal controls over financial reporting despite the fact that most of our employees are working remotely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We are continually monitoring and assessing the COVID-19 situation on our internal controls to minimize the impact on their design and operating effectiveness.
Limitation on Effectiveness of Controls and Procedures
Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal controls will prevent all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within Criteo have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Controls can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies and procedures. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error ofor fraud may occur and may not be detected.

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PART II
Item 1.    Legal Proceedings.
From time to time, we may become involved inFor a discussion of our legal proceedings, or be subjectrefer to claims arising in the ordinary course of our business. We are not presently a party to any legal proceedings that, if determined adversely to us, would individually or taken together have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on us because of defenseNote 15. Commitments and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors.contingencies.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.

The following risk factor is provided to update the risk factors previously disclosed under the heading “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the SEC on February 25, 2022. Except as presented below, there have been no material changes to the Risk Factors described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021.

The ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine may adversely affect our business and results of operations.

The current conflict between Russia and Ukraine and related government actions are evolving and beyond our control, and given our global operations, such conflict may adversely affect our business and results of operations. As a result of this conflict, we decided to suspend all ad campaigns and digital advertising activities in Russia until further notice. Our current business in Russia and Ukraine is limited, and in 2021, it represented less than 2% of our Contribution ex-TAC.

The current conflict between Russia and Ukraine may also have the effect of heightening many other risks disclosed in our public filings, any of which could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations. Such risks include, but are not limited to: adverse effects on global macroeconomic conditions; regional instability and geopolitical shifts; supply chain disruption; increased exposure to cyberattacks; limitations in our ability to implement and execute our business strategy, including our pending acquisition of Iponweb; risks to employees and contractors that we have in the region; and exposure to foreign currency fluctuations.

In addition, we may in the future choose or be required to further limit or cease operations in Russia entirely, in which case we will no longer receive any revenue from those operations. We could also incur significant expenses as a result of the process of suspending operations in Russia.None.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
53


The following table provides certain information with respect to our purchases of our ADSs during the first fiscal quarter of 2022:2023:
Period
Total Number of Shares Purchased(1)
Average Price Paid per Share(2)
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs(1)
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs(1)
January 1 to 31, 2022— — — — 
February 1 to 28, 2022— — — — 
March 1 to 31, 2022303,342 $27.37 303,342 271,695,646 
Total303,342 303,342  
Period
Total Number of Shares Purchased(1)
Average Price Paid per Share(2)
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs(1)
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs(1)
January 1 to 31, 20231,133,552 $28.21 1,133,552 $212,324,227 
February 1 to 28, 2023362,565 $32.74 362,565 200,437,260 
March 1 to 31, 2023235,517 $30.51 235,517 193,258,955 
Total1,731,634 1,731,634  
(1)(1) In October 2021, the board of directors approved an extension of the long-term share repurchase program of up to $175 million of the Company's outstanding American Depositary Shares, forand in December 2022, the board of directors further extended this long-term share repurchase program to a total of $280$480 million.
(2) Average price paid per share excludes any broker commissions paid.



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Item 6. Exhibits.
Exhibit Index
Incorporated by Reference
ExhibitDescriptionSchedule/ FormFile
Number
ExhibitFile
Date
101.INSXBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104Cover Page Interactive Data File, formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101.

#    Filed herewith.
*    Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 CRITEO S.A.
 (Registrant)
By:/s/ Sarah Glickman
Date: May 5, 20223, 2023Name:Sarah Glickman
Title: Chief Financial Officer
 (Principal financial officer and duly authorized signatory)
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