SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 10-Q10-Q/A
(Amendment No.1)
☒ | Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Security Exchange Act of 1934 for the quarterly period ended | |
OR | ||
☐ | Transmission Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Security Exchange Act of 1937 for the transition period from ______ to ______ |
Commission file number:001-32046
Simulations Plus, Inc.
(Name of registrant as specified in its charter)
California | 95-4595609 |
(State or other jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) | (I.R.S. Employer identification No.) |
42505 10th Street West
Lancaster, CA 93534-7059
(Address of principal executive offices including zip code)
(661) 723-7723
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered |
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share | SLP | The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filings requirements for the past 90 days. Yes☒ No☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes☒ No☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one):
☐ Large accelerated filer | ☒ Accelerated filer |
☐ Non-accelerated filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | |
☐ Emerging Growth Company |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes☐ No☒
The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, as of January 9, 2018July 22, 2020 was 17,292,652;17,820,057, no shares of preferred stock were outstanding.
EXPLANATORY NOTE
This Form 10-Q/A (Amendment No. 1) (the “Amendment”) is being filed solely to correct a clerical error in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 31, 2020, initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 9, 2020 (the “Original Filing”).
We have determined that in Item 3 of Part I, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” we reported as follows: In the three and nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, we sold $1,453,000 and $1,402,000 and $3,273,000 and $3,800,000, respectively, of software through representatives in certain Asian markets in local currencies. The reported amounts for those nine-month periods were switched and the nine month sales ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 should have been reported as $3,800,000 and $3,273,000, respectively. In addition, cash and cash equivalents as of August 31, 2019 was reported as $11.40 million and was actually $11.44 million. Despite being minor grammatical errors in the narrative, we felt it necessary to correct the clerical errors to avoid confusion over this disclosure.
In addition, we have determined that in Item 1 of Part I, “Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows” the presentation of the Statement of Cash Flows for the comparative historical period ended May 31, 2019 mistakenly included certain numbers from the period ended February 28, 2019, rather than the period ended May 31, 2019. The overall financial impact of this clerical error showed for the nine months 2019 cash generated of $3,381,958 when in fact the cash generated in that prior year period was $907,424.
In connection with the filing of this Amendment and pursuant to the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, we are including with this Amendment new certifications by our principal executive and principal financial officer as required by Rule 12b-15.
Except for the correction described above, this Amendment does not modify, amend or update in any way any other item or disclosure in the Original Filing. The Original Filing continues to speak as of the date of the Original Filing and we have not updated the disclosures contained therein to reflect any events which occurred at a date subsequent to the filing of the Original Filing other than as expressly indicated in this Amendment. Accordingly, this Amendment should be read in conjunction with the Original Filing.
Simulations Plus, Inc.
FORM 10-Q10-Q/A
For the Quarterly Period Ended November 30, 2017May 31, 2020
Part I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. | Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements |
SIMULATIONS PLUS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited) | (Audited) | |||||||
November 30, | August 31, | |||||||
2017 | 2017 | |||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||
Current assets | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 7,045,756 | $ | 6,215,718 | ||||
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $0 | 5,230,824 | 4,048,725 | ||||||
Revenues in excess of billings | 1,361,242 | 1,481,082 | ||||||
Prepaid income taxes | – | 462,443 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 348,708 | 459,902 | ||||||
Total current assets | 13,986,530 | 12,667,870 | ||||||
Long-term assets | ||||||||
Capitalized computer software development costs, net of accumulated amortization of $10,080,778 and $9,795,469 | 4,529,380 | 4,307,600 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net (note 3) | 305,634 | 291,135 | ||||||
Intellectual property, net of accumulated amortization of $2,326,459 and $2,095,417 | 6,598,541 | 6,829,583 | ||||||
Other intangible assets net of accumulated amortization of $584,375 and $495,000 | 3,905,625 | 3,995,000 | ||||||
Goodwill | 10,387,198 | 10,387,198 | ||||||
Other assets | 37,227 | 34,082 | ||||||
Total assets | $ | 39,750,135 | $ | 38,512,468 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | ||||||||
Current liabilities | ||||||||
Accounts payable | $ | 141,815 | $ | 240,892 | ||||
Accrued payroll and other expenses | 1,085,065 | 983,293 | ||||||
Income taxes payable | 404,600 | – | ||||||
Current portion - Contracts payable (note 4) | 3,150,000 | 247,328 | ||||||
Billings in excess of revenues | 602,233 | 216,958 | ||||||
Deferred revenue | 270,250 | 353,962 | ||||||
Total current liabilities | 5,653,963 | 2,042,433 | ||||||
Long-term liabilities | ||||||||
Deferred income taxes,net | 4,791,460 | 4,926,960 | ||||||
Payments due under Contracts payable (note 4) | 2,626,376 | 5,738,188 | ||||||
Total liabilities | 13,071,799 | 12,707,581 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies(note 5) | ||||||||
Shareholders' equity(note 6) | ||||||||
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value 10,000,000 shares authorized no shares issued and outstanding | $ | – | $ | – | ||||
Common stock, $0.001 par value 50,000,000 shares authorized 17,287,652 and 17,277,604 shares issued and outstanding | 7,288 | 7,278 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 12,303,662 | 12,109,141 | ||||||
Retained earnings | 14,367,386 | 13,688,468 | ||||||
Total shareholders' equity | 26,678,336 | $ | 25,804,887 | |||||
$ | – | – | ||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $ | 39,750,135 | $ | 38,512,468 |
(Unaudited) | (Audited) | |||||||
May 31 | August 31, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||
Current assets | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 7,354,496 | $ | 11,435,499 | ||||
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $25,000 and $0 | 10,853,452 | 5,026,558 | ||||||
Revenues in excess of billings | 2,838,072 | 3,233,659 | ||||||
Prepaid income taxes | 392,099 | 765,110 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 745,468 | 704,316 | ||||||
Total current assets | 22,183,587 | 21,165,142 | ||||||
Long-term assets | ||||||||
Capitalized computer software development costs, | ||||||||
net of accumulated amortization of $13,293,943 and $12,356,055 | 5,754,971 | 4,959,736 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net (note 4) | 356,784 | 341,145 | ||||||
Operating lease right of use asset | 1,019,408 | – | ||||||
Intellectual property, net of accumulated amortization of $4,729,270 and $3,948,750 | 12,275,730 | 5,026,249 | ||||||
Other intangible assets net of accumulated amortization of $1,503,481 and $1,210,000 | 7,146,519 | 3,280,000 | ||||||
Goodwill | 12,792,171 | 10,387,198 | ||||||
Other assets | 49,957 | 37,227 | ||||||
Total assets | $ | 61,579,127 | $ | 45,196,697 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | ||||||||
Current liabilities | ||||||||
Accounts payable | $ | 663,337 | $ | 204,075 | ||||
Accrued payroll and other expenses | 2,137,383 | 1,639,038 | ||||||
Current portion - Contracts payable (note 5) | 3,761,028 | 1,761,028 | ||||||
Billings in excess of revenues | 269,232 | 798,549 | ||||||
Operating lease liability, current portion | 525,454 | – | ||||||
Deferred revenue | 428,611 | 380,787 | ||||||
Total current liabilities | 7,785,045 | 4,783,477 | ||||||
Long-term liabilities | ||||||||
Deferred income taxes, net | 2,775,398 | 2,731,616 | ||||||
Operating Lease Liability | 489,463 | – | ||||||
Payments due under Contracts payable (note 5) | 3,942,333 | – | ||||||
Total liabilities | 14,992,239 | 7,515,093 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies (note 6) | ||||||||
Shareholders' equity (note 7) | ||||||||
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value 10,000,000 shares authorized no shares issued and outstanding | $ | – | $ | – | ||||
Common stock, $0.001 par value 50,000,000 shares authorized 17,788,498 and 17,591,834 shares issued and outstanding | 7,791 | 7,595 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 20,231,443 | 15,319,474 | ||||||
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | 30,460 | – | ||||||
Retained earnings | 26,317,194 | 22,354,535 | ||||||
Total shareholders' equity | $ | 46,586,888 | $ | 37,681,604 | ||||
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $ | 61,579,127 | $ | 45,196,697 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
SIMULATIONS PLUS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
For the three and nine months ended November 30,May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
(Unaudited) | (Unaudited) | |||||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||
Revenues | $ | 12,298,036 | $ | 9,936,921 | $ | 32,049,003 | $ | 25,944,545 | ||||||||
Cost of revenues | 2,665,405 | 2,324,188 | 7,974,702 | 6,734,890 | ||||||||||||
Gross margin | 9,632,630 | 7,612,733 | 24,074,301 | 19,209,655 | ||||||||||||
Operating expenses | ||||||||||||||||
Selling, general, and administrative | 5,023,132 | 3,087,445 | 12,646,512 | 8,613,788 | ||||||||||||
Research and development | 752,719 | 643,255 | 2,026,684 | 1,896,926 | ||||||||||||
Total operating expenses | 5,775,851 | 3,730,700 | 14,673,197 | 10,510,714 | ||||||||||||
Income from operations | 3,856,779 | 3,882,033 | 9,401,104 | 8,698,941 | ||||||||||||
Other income (expense) | ||||||||||||||||
Interest income | 4,465 | 11,050 | 27,814 | 20,296 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense | – | (32,702 | ) | – | (109,078 | ) | ||||||||||
Change in value of contingent consideration | (81,000 | ) | – | (81,000 | ) | – | ||||||||||
(Loss) income on currency exchange | (602 | ) | (7,941 | ) | 1,283 | (40,467 | ) | |||||||||
Total other income (expense) | (77,137 | ) | (29,593 | ) | (51,902 | ) | (129,249 | ) | ||||||||
Income before provision for income taxes | 3,779,642 | 3,852,440 | 9,349,202 | 8,569,692 | ||||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | (844,073 | ) | (963,734 | ) | (2,205,276 | ) | (2,045,590 | ) | ||||||||
Net Income | $ | 2,935,569 | $ | 2,888,706 | $ | 7,143,925 | $ | 6,524,102 | ||||||||
Earnings per share | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | 0.17 | $ | 0.16 | $ | 0.40 | $ | 0.37 | ||||||||
Diluted | $ | 0.16 | $ | 0.16 | $ | 0.39 | $ | 0.36 | ||||||||
Weighted-average common shares outstanding | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | 17,735,354 | 17,519,849 | 17,661,189 | 17,472,922 | ||||||||||||
Diluted | 18,426,872 | 18,096,195 | 18,333,596 | 18,008,336 | ||||||||||||
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), net of tax | ||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments | 30,460 | – | 30,460 | – | ||||||||||||
Comprehensive Income (Loss) | $ | 2,966,029 | $ | 2,888,706 | $ | 7,174,385 | $ | 6,524,102 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
(Unaudited) | ||||||||
2017 | 2016 | |||||||
Net Revenues | $ | 7,068,782 | $ | 5,417,933 | ||||
Cost of revenues | 1,735,608 | 1,335,982 | ||||||
Gross margin | 5,333,174 | 4,081,951 | ||||||
Operating expenses | ||||||||
Selling, general, and administrative | 2,408,514 | 1,863,555 | ||||||
Research and development | 360,817 | 290,299 | ||||||
Total operating expenses | 2,769,331 | 2,153,854 | ||||||
Income from operations | 2,563,843 | 1,928,097 | ||||||
Other income (expense) | ||||||||
Interest income | 4,310 | 4,455 | ||||||
Interest expense | (38,470 | ) | – | |||||
Gain (loss) on currency exchange | (12,678 | ) | 34,928 | |||||
Total other income (expense) | (46,838 | ) | 39,383 | |||||
Income before provision for income taxes | 2,517,005 | 1,967,480 | ||||||
Provision for income taxes | (800,999 | ) | (605,915 | ) | ||||
Net Income | $ | 1,716,006 | $ | 1,361,565 | ||||
Earnings per share | ||||||||
Basic | $ | 0.10 | $ | 0.08 | ||||
Diluted | $ | 0.10 | $ | 0.08 | ||||
Weighted-average common shares outstanding | ||||||||
Basic | 17,282,132 | 17,226,192 | ||||||
Diluted | 17,859,683 | 17,409,134 |
2 |
SIMULATIONS PLUS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
For the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and the year ended August 31, 2019
(UNAUDITED)
Common Stock | Additional Paid-In | Accumulated Other Comprehensive | Retained | |||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Capital | Income | Earnings | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
Balance, August 31, 2018 | 17,416,445 | $ | 7,417 | $ | 13,453,668 | $ | – | $ | 18,461,540 | $ | 31,922,625 | |||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options | 41,103 | 42 | 357,410 | – | – | 357,452 | ||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based Compensation | – | – | 200,029 | – | – | 200,029 | ||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued to Directors for services | 2,222 | 2 | 44,904 | – | – | 44,906 | ||||||||||||||||||
Adjustment for 606 | – | – | – | – | (493,279 | ) | (493,279 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Declaration of Dividend | – | – | – | – | (1,045,073 | ) | (1,045,073 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net income | – | – | – | – | 1,535,947 | 1,535,947 | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance, November 30, 2018 | 17,459,770 | 7,461 | 14,056,011 | – | 18,459,135 | 32,522,607 | ||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options | 37,680 | 38 | 121,912 | – | – | 121,950 | ||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based Compensation | – | – | 208,715 | – | – | 208,715 | ||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued to Directors for services | 2,508 | 4 | 48,954 | – | – | 48,958 | ||||||||||||||||||
Declaration of Dividend | – | – | – | – | (1,048,887 | ) | (1,048,887 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net income | – | – | – | – | 2,099,449 | 2,099,449 | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance, February 28, 2019 | 17,499,958 | 7,503 | 14,435,592 | – | 19,509,697 | 33,952,792 | ||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options | 25,849 | 26 | 103,747 | – | – | 103,773 | ||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based Compensation | – | – | 224,654 | – | – | 224,654 | ||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued to Directors for services | 2,176 | 2 | 49,023 | – | – | 49,025 | ||||||||||||||||||
Declaration of Dividend | – | – | – | – | (1,050,914 | ) | (1,050,914 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net income | – | – | – | – | 2,888,706 | 2,888,706 | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance, May 31, 2019 | 17,527,983 | 7,531 | 14,813,016 | – | 21,347,489 | 36,168,036 | ||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options | 62,071 | 62 | 204,910 | – | – | 204,972 | ||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based Compensation | – | – | 232,450 | – | – | 232,450 | ||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued to Directors for services | 1,780 | 2 | 69,098 | – | – | 69,100 | ||||||||||||||||||
Declaration of Dividend | – | – | – | – | (1,052,181 | ) | (1,052,181 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net income | – | – | – | – | 2,059,227 | 2,059,227 | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance, August 31, 2019 | 17,591,834 | $ | 7,595 | $ | 15,319,474 | $ | – | $ | 22,354,535 | $ | 37,681,604 |
3 |
SIMULATIONS PLUS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
For the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and the year ended August 31, 2019
(UNAUDITED) (continued)
Common Stock | Additional Paid-In | Accumulated Other Comprehensive | Retained | |||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Capital | Income | Earnings | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
Balance, August 31, 2019 | 17,591,834 | $ | 7,595 | $ | 15,319,474 | $ | – | $ | 22,354,535 | $ | 37,681,604 | |||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options | 29,445 | 29 | 135,529 | – | – | 135,558 | ||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based Compensation | – | – | 294,704 | – | – | 294,704 | ||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued to Directors for services | 2,045 | 2 | 72,411 | – | – | 72,413 | ||||||||||||||||||
Declaration of Dividend | – | – | – | – | (1,056,379 | ) | (1,056,379 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net income | – | – | – | – | 2,058,277 | 2,058,277 | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance November 30, 2019 | 17,623,324 | 7,626 | 15,822,118 | – | 23,356,433 | 39,186,177 | ||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options | 22,915 | 23 | 167,168 | – | – | 167,191 | ||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based Compensation | – | – | 344,928 | – | – | 344,928 | ||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued to Directors for services | 2,225 | 2 | 72,488 | – | – | 72,490 | ||||||||||||||||||
Declaration of Dividend | – | – | – | – | (1,058,740 | ) | (1,058,740 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net income | – | – | – | – | 2,150,080 | 2,150,080 | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance February 29, 2020 | 17,648,464 | 7,651 | 16,406,702 | – | 24,447,773 | 40,862,126 | ||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options | 26,447 | 26 | 204,581 | – | – | 204,607 | ||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based Compensation | – | – | 287,115 | – | – | 287,115 | ||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued to Directors for services | 1,905 | 2 | 72,483 | – | – | 72,485 | ||||||||||||||||||
Declaration of Dividend | – | – | – | – | (1,066,148 | ) | (1,066,148 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Shares issued - Lixoft | 111,682 | 112 | 3,260,562 | – | – | 3,260,674 | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments | – | – | – | 30,460 | – | 30,460 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net income | – | – | – | – | 2,935,569 | 2,935,569 | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance May 31, 2020 | 17,788,498 | $ | 7,791 | $ | 20,231,443 | $ | 30,460 | $ | 26,317,194 | $ | 46,586,888 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
4 |
SIMULATIONS PLUS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the threenine months ended November 30,May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019
(UNAUDITED)
2017 | 2016 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities | ||||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 1,716,006 | $ | 1,361,565 | $ | 7,143,925 | $ | 6,524,102 | ||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment | 32,777 | 42,721 | ||||||||||||||
Amortization of capitalized computer software development costs | 285,310 | 284,217 | ||||||||||||||
Amortization of Intellectual Property | 320,417 | 188,750 | ||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 2,133,676 | 2,070,583 | ||||||||||||||
Change in value of contingent consideration | 38,188 | – | 81,000 | 109,061 | ||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | 130,221 | 95,860 | 1,144,135 | 776,287 | ||||||||||||
Shares issued to directors for services | 36,773 | – | ||||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes | (135,500 | ) | (51,145 | ) | 43,782 | (248,526 | ) | |||||||||
(Increase) decrease in | ||||||||||||||||
Accounts receivable | (1,182,099 | ) | (407,962 | ) | (5,268,565 | ) | (2,220,795 | ) | ||||||||
Revenues in excess of billings | 119,840 | (340,947 | ) | 395,587 | (695,192 | ) | ||||||||||
Prepaid income taxes | 462,443 | 555,486 | 553,462 | 312,593 | ||||||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets | 108,049 | 96,104 | 7,445 | 76,667 | ||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) in | ||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable | (99,077 | ) | 103,691 | 324,427 | (142,520 | ) | ||||||||||
Accrued payroll and other expenses | 101,772 | (23,983 | ) | 26,653 | 257,026 | |||||||||||
Billings in excess of revenues | 385,275 | (33,301 | ) | (529,317 | ) | 114,369 | ||||||||||
Accrued income taxes | 404,600 | 100,942 | – | 434,886 | ||||||||||||
Other liabilities | – | (4,965 | ) | |||||||||||||
Deferred revenue | (83,712 | ) | (24,132 | ) | 47,824 | 145,406 | ||||||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 2,641,283 | 1,942,901 | 6,104,034 | 7,513,947 | ||||||||||||
Cash flows used in investing activities | ||||||||||||||||
Purchases of property and equipment | (47,276 | ) | (58,337 | ) | (105,784 | ) | (75,861 | ) | ||||||||
Purchases of intellectual property | – | (50,000 | ) | |||||||||||||
Cash used to acquire subsidiaries | (9,471,352 | ) | – | |||||||||||||
Cash received in acquisition | 3,799,134 | – | ||||||||||||||
Capitalized computer software development costs | (507,090 | ) | (234,829 | ) | (1,733,124 | ) | (1,362,329 | ) | ||||||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (554,366 | ) | (293,166 | ) | (7,511,126 | ) | (1,488,190 | ) | ||||||||
Cash flows used in financing activities | ||||||||||||||||
Payment of dividends | (1,037,088 | ) | (861,324 | ) | (3,181,267 | ) | (3,144,864 | ) | ||||||||
Payments on Contracts Payable | (247,328 | ) | – | – | (2,556,644 | ) | ||||||||||
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options | 27,537 | 25,969 | 507,356 | 583,175 | ||||||||||||
Net cash used in financing activities | (1,256,879 | ) | (835,355 | ) | (2,673,911 | ) | (5,118,333 | ) | ||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 830,038 | 814,380 | (4,081,003 | ) | 907,424 | |||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year | 6,215,718 | 8,030,284 | 11,435,499 | 9,400,701 | ||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 7,045,756 | $ | 8,844,664 | $ | 7,354,496 | $ | 10,308,125 | ||||||||
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information | ||||||||||||||||
Income taxes paid | 34,500 | $ | – | $ | 1,613,868 | $ | 1,503,740 | |||||||||
Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities | ||||||||||||||||
Stock issued for acquisition of Lixoft | $ | 3,260,674 | $ | – | ||||||||||||
Creation of contract liabilities for acquisition of subsidiaries | $ | 4,528,000 | $ | – | ||||||||||||
Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities | ||||||||||||||||
Right of use assets capitalized | $ | 1,470,656 | $ | – |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
5 |
Simulations Plus, Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
November 30, 2017 and 2016May 31, 2019
(Unaudited)
NOTE 1: GENERAL
This report on Form 10-Q10-Q/A for the quarter ended November 30, 2017,May 31, 2020 should be read in conjunction with the Company's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended August 31, 2017,2019, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on November 14, 2017.13, 2019. As contemplated by the SEC under Article 8 of Regulation S-X, the accompanying consolidated financial statements and footnotes have been condensed and therefore do not contain all disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles. The interim financial data are unaudited; however, in the opinion of Simulations Plus, Inc. ("we", "our", "us"), the interim data includes all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods. Results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of those to be expected for the full year.
Organization
Simulations Plus, Inc. (“Simulations Plus”, “Lancaster”) was incorporated on July 17, 1996. On September 2, 2014, Simulations Plus, Inc. acquired all of the outstanding equity interests of Cognigen Corporation (“Cognigen”, “Buffalo”) and Cognigen became a wholly owned subsidiary of Simulations Plus, Inc. Simulations Plus, Inc., acquired DILIsym Services, Inc. (DILIsym) as a wholly owned subsidiary pursuant to a stock purchase agreement dated May 1, 2017. On June 1, 2017, the Company consummated the acquisition of all outstanding equity interests of DILIsym pursuant to the terms of the Stock Agreement, with DILIsym becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. On April 1, 2020, Simulations Plus, Inc. acquired Lixoft, a French société par actions simplifiée (“Lixoft”, “Paris”) as a wholly-owned subsidiary pursuant to a stock purchase and contribution agreement dated March 21, 2020. (Collectively, “Company”, “we”, “us”, “our”).
Lines of Business
The Company designs and develops pharmaceutical simulation software to promote cost-effective solutions to a number of problems in pharmaceutical research and in the education of pharmacy and medical students, and it provides consulting services to the pharmaceutical and chemical industries. Recently, the Company has begun to explore developing software applications for defense and for health care outside of the pharmaceutical industry.
NOTE 2: SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Simulations Plus, Inc. and, as of September 2, 2014, its wholly owned subsidiary, Cognigen Corporation, and as of June 1, 2017, the accounts of DILIsym Services, Inc., and as of April 1, 2020, Lixoft accounts. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.
Estimates
Our financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Preparing financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses. These estimates and assumptions are affected by management’s application of accounting policies. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant accounting policies for us include revenue recognition, accounting for capitalized computer software development costs, valuation of stock options, and accounting for income taxes.
Reclassifications
Certain numbers in the prior year have been reclassified to conform to the current year's presentation.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenues related to software licenses and software maintenance in accordance with the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 985-605,“Software – Revenue Recognition”. Software product revenue is recorded when the following conditions are met: 1) evidence of arrangement exists; 2) delivery has been made; 3) the amount is fixed; and 4) collectability is probable. Post-contract customer support (“PCS”) obligations are insignificant; therefore, revenue for PCS is recognized at the same time as the licensing fee, and the costs of providing such support services are accrued and amortized over the obligation period.
As a byproduct of ongoing improvements and upgrades for the new programs and new modules of software, some modifications are provided to our customers who have already purchased software at no additional charge. Other software modifications result in new, additional cost modules that expand the functionality of the software. These are licensed separately. We consider the modifications that are provided without charge to be minimal, as they do not significantly change the basic functionality or utility of the software, but rather add convenience, such as being able to plot some additional variable on a graph in addition to the numerous variables that had been available before, or adding some additional calculations to supplement the information provided from running the software. Such software modifications for any single product have typically occurred once or twice per year, sometimes more, sometimes less. Thus, they are infrequent. The Company provides, for a fee, additional training and service calls to its customers and recognizes revenue at the time the training or service call is provided.
Generally, we enter into one-year license agreements with customers for the use of our pharmaceutical software products. We recognize revenue on these contracts when all the criteria are met. Most license agreements have a term of one year; however, from time to time, we enter into multi-year license agreements. We generally unlock and invoice software one year at a time for multi-year licenses. Therefore, revenue is recognized one year at a time. Certain of the Company's software products are housed and supported on the Company's computer networks. Software revenues for those products are included in income over the life of the contract.
We recognize revenue on sales of our DILIsym Subsidiary in accordance with ASC 605-25,“Revenue Recognition, Multiple-Element Arrangements”. Our multiple-deliverable arrangements consist of consulting arrangements, at our DILIsym Subsidiary. We determined all elements to be separate units of accounting as they have standalone value to the customers. We allocate the revenue derived from these arrangements among all the deliverables. We base such allocation on the relative selling price of each deliverable. We recognize the allocated revenue for each deliverable when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the price is fixed and determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured.
We recognize revenue from collaboration research, revenue from grants and consortium memberships over their terms. For contract revenues based on actual hours incurred, we recognize revenues when the work is performed. For fixed price contracts, we recognize contract study and other contract revenues using the percentage-of-completion method, depending upon how the contract studies are engaged, in accordance with ASC 605-35, “Revenue Recognition – Construction-Type and Production-Type Contracts”. To recognize revenue using the percentage-of-completion method, we must determine whether we meet the following criteria: 1) there is a long-term, legally enforceable contract, 2) it is possible to reasonably estimate the total project costs, and 3) it is possible to reasonably estimate the extent of progress toward completion.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
For purposes of the statements of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Accounts Receivable
We analyze the age of customer balances, historical bad-debt experience, customer creditworthiness, and changes in customer payment terms when making estimates of the collectability of the Company’s trade accounts receivable balances. If we determine that the financial conditions of any of its customers deteriorated, whether due to customer-specific or general economic issues, an increase in the allowance may be made. Accounts receivable are written off when all collection attempts have failed.
Capitalized Computer Software Development Costs
Software development costs are capitalized in accordance with ASC 985-20,“Costs of Software to Be Sold, Leased, or Marketed”. Capitalization of software development costs begins upon the establishment of technological feasibility and is discontinued when the product is available for sale.
The establishment of technological feasibility and the ongoing assessment for recoverability of capitalized software development costs require considerable judgment by management with respect to certain external factors including, but not limited to, technological feasibility, anticipated future gross revenues, estimated economic life, and changes in software and hardware technologies. Capitalized software development costs are comprised primarily of salaries and direct payroll-related costs and the purchase of existing software to be used in our software products.
Amortization of capitalized software development costs is calculated on a product-by-product basis on the straight-line method over the estimated economic life of the products (not to exceed five years). Amortization of software development costs amounted to $285,310 and $284,217 for the three months ended November 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. We expect future amortization expense to vary due to increases in capitalized computer software development costs.
We test capitalized computer software development costs for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives as follows:
Maintenance and minor replacements are charged to expense as incurred. Gains and losses on disposals are included in the results of operations.
Goodwill and indefinite-lived assets
The Company performs valuations of assets acquired and liabilities assumed on each acquisition accounted for as a business combination and recognizes the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their acquisition date fair value. Acquired intangible assets include customer relationships, software, trade names, and non-compete agreements. The Company determines the appropriate useful life by performing an analysis of expected cash flows based on historical experience of the acquired businesses. Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method, which approximates the pattern in which the majority of the economic benefits are expected to be consumed.
Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired entity over the fair value of the acquired net assets. Goodwill is not amortized, instead it is tested for impairment annually or when events or circumstances change that would indicate that goodwill might be impaired. Events or circumstances that could trigger an impairment review include, but are not limited to, a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate, an adverse action or assessment by a regulator, unanticipated competition, a loss of key personnel, significant changes in the manner of the Company's use of the acquired assets or the strategy for the Company's overall business, significant negative industry or economic trends, or significant under-performance relative to expected historical or projected future results of operations.
Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is one level below or the same as an operating segment. As of November 30, 2017, the Company determined that it has three reporting units, Simulations Plus, Cognigen Corporation, and DILIsym Services, Inc. When testing goodwill for impairment, the Company first performs a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is necessary to perform step one of a two-step annual goodwill impairment test for each reporting unit. The Company is required to perform step one only if it concludes that it is more likely than not that a reporting unit's fair value is less than its carrying value. Should this be the case, the first step of the two-step process is to identify whether a potential impairment exists by comparing the estimated fair values of the Company's reporting units with their respective book values, including goodwill. If the estimated fair value of the reporting unit exceeds book value, goodwill is considered not to be impaired, and no additional steps are necessary. If, however, the fair value of the reporting unit is less than book value, then the second step is performed to determine if goodwill is impaired and to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. The amount of the impairment loss is the excess of the carrying amount of the goodwill over its implied fair value. The estimate of implied fair value of goodwill is primarily based on an estimate of the discounted cash flows expected to result from that reporting unit, but may require valuations of certain internally generated and unrecognized intangible assets such as the Company's software, technology, patents, and trademarks. If the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the excess.
As of November 30, 2017, the entire balance of goodwill was attributed to two of the Company's reporting units, Cognigen Corporation and DILIsym Services. Intangible assets subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of these assets may not be recoverable. There were no changes to goodwill, nor has the Company recognized any impairment charges, during the three months’ periods ended November 30, 2017 and 2016.
Business Acquisitions
The Company accounted for the acquisition of Cognigen and DILIsym Services, Inc., using the purchase method of accounting where the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recognized based on their respective estimated fair values. The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Determining the fair value of certain acquired assets and liabilities is subjective in nature and often involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including, but not limited to, the selection of appropriate valuation methodology, projected revenue, expenses and cash flows, weighted average cost of capital, discount rates, estimates of advertiser and publisher turnover rates, and estimates of terminal values. Business acquisitions are included in the Company's consolidated financial statements as of the date of the acquisition.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the Condensed Balance Sheets are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value. The categories, as defined by the standard are as follows:
For certain of our financial instruments, including accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued payroll and other expenses, accrued bonus to officer, and accrued warranty and service costs, the amounts approximate fair value due to their short maturities.
The following table summarizes fair value measurements at November 30, 2017 and August 31, 2017 for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
November 30, 2017:
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | |||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 7,045,756 | $ | – | $ | – | $ | 7,045,756 | ||||||||
Acquisition-related contingent consideration obligations | $ | – | $ | – | $ | 4,776,376 | $ | 4,776,376 |
August 31, 2017:
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | |||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 6,215,718 | $ | – | $ | – | $ | 6,215,718 | ||||||||
Acquisition-related contingent consideration obligations | $ | – | $ | – | $ | 4,738,188 | $ | 4,738,188 |
As of November 30, 2017 and August 31, 2017, the Company has a liability for contingent consideration related to its acquisition of the DILIsym Services, Inc. The fair value measurement of the contingent consideration obligations is determined using Level 3 inputs. The fair value of contingent consideration obligations is based on a discounted cash flow model using a probability-weighted income approach. These fair value measurements represent Level 3 measurements as they are based on significant inputs not observable in the market. Significant judgment is employed in determining the appropriateness of these assumptions as of the acquisition date and for each subsequent period. Accordingly, changes in assumptions could have a material impact on the amount of contingent consideration expense the Company records in any given period. Changes in the value of the contingent consideration obligations are recorded in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations.
The following is a reconciliation of contingent consideration value.
Value at August 31, 2017 | $ | 4,738,188 | ||
Contingent consideration payments | – | |||
Change in value of contingent consideration | 38,188 | |||
Value at November 30, 2017 | $ | 4,776,376 |
Research and Development Costs
Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred until technological feasibility has been established. These costs include salaries, laboratory experiment, and purchased software which was developed by other companies and incorporated into, or used in the development of, our final products.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740-10,“Income Taxes” which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns.
Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each year-end based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. The provision for income taxes represents the tax payable for the period and the change during the period in deferred tax assets and liabilities.
Intellectual property
On February 28, 2012, we bought out the royalty agreement with Enslein Research of Rochester, New York. The cost of $75,000 is being amortized over 10 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for each of the three-month periods ended November 30, 2017 and 2016 was $1,875. Accumulated amortization as of November 30, 2017 and August 31, 2017 was $43,125 and $41,250, respectively.
On May 15, 2014, we entered into a termination and nonassertion agreement with TSRL, Inc., pursuant to which the parties agreed to terminate an exclusive software licensing agreement entered into between the parties in 1997. As a result, the company obtained a perpetual right to use certain source code and data, and TSRL relinquished any rights and claims to any GastroPlus products and to any claims to royalties or other payments under that 1997 agreement. We agreed to pay TSRL total consideration of $6,000,000, which is being amortized over 10 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for each of the three-month periods ended November 30, 2017 and 2016 was $150,000. Accumulated amortization as of November 30, 2017 and August 31, 2017 was $2,125,000 and $1,975,000, respectively.
On June 1, 2017, as part of the acquisition of DILIsym Services, Inc. the Company acquired certain developed technologies associated with the drug induced liver disease (DILI). These technologies were valued at $2,850,000 and are being amortized over 9 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for the three months ended November 30, 2017 was $79,176 and is included in cost of revenues. Accumulated amortization as of November 30, 2017 and August 31, 2017 was $158,333 and $79,176, respectively.
Total amortization expense for intellectual property agreements for the three months ended November 30, 2017 and 2016 was $320,417 and $188,750, respectively. Accumulated amortization as of November 30, 2017 was $2,326,458 and $2,095,417 as of August 31, 2017.
Intangible assets
The following table summarizes those intangible assets as of November 30, 2017:
Amortization Period | Acquisition Value | Accumulated Amortization | Net book value | |||||||||||
Customer relationships | Straight line 8 years | $ | 1,100,000 | $ | 446,875 | $ | 653,125 | |||||||
Trade Name-Cognigen | None | 500,000 | 0 | 500,000 | ||||||||||
Covenants not to compete-Cognigen | Straight line 5 years | 50,000 | 32,500 | 17,500 | ||||||||||
Covenants not to compete-DILIsym | Straight line 4 years | 80,000 | 10,000 | 70,000 | ||||||||||
Trade Name-DILIsym | None | 860,000 | 0 | 860,000 | ||||||||||
Customer relationships-DILIsym | Straight line 8 years | 1,900,000 | 95,000 | 1,805,000 | ||||||||||
$ | 4,490,000 | $ | 584,375 | $ | 3,905,625 |
Amortization expense for each of the three month periods ended November 30, 2017 and 2016 was $89,375 and $36,875, respectively. According to policy in addition to normal amortization, these assets are tested for impairment as needed.
Earnings per Share
We report earnings per share in accordance with FASB ASC 260-10. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares available. Diluted earnings per share is computed similar to basic earnings per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common shares had been issued and if the additional common shares were dilutive. The components of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended November 30, 2017 and 2016 were as follows:
Three months ended | ||||||||
11/30/2017 | 11/30/2016 | |||||||
Numerator: | ||||||||
Net income attributable to common shareholders | $ | 1,716,006 | 1,361,565 | |||||
Denominator: | ||||||||
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period | 17,282,132 | 17,226,192 | ||||||
Dilutive effect of stock options | 589,551 | 182,942 | ||||||
Common stock and common stock equivalents used for diluted earnings per share | 17,871,683 | 17,409,134 |
Stock-Based Compensation
Compensation costs related to stock options are determined in accordance with FASB ASC 718-10,“Compensation-Stock Compensation”, using the modified prospective method. Under this method, compensation cost is calculated based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with FASB ASC 718-10, amortized on a straight-line basis over the options’ vesting period. Stock-based compensation was $130,221 and $95,860 for the three months ended November 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. This expense is included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations as Selling, General, and Administration (SG&A), and Research and Development expense.
Impairment of Long-lived Assets
The Company accounts for the impairment and disposition of long-lived assets in accordance with ASC 350,“Intangibles – Goodwill and Other” and ASC 360,“Property and Equipment”. Long-lived assets to be held and used are reviewed for events or changes in circumstances that indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. We measure recoverability by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to the expected future undiscounted net cash flows generated by the asset. If we determine that the asset may not be recoverable, or if the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future undiscounted cash flows, we recognize an impairment charge to the extent of the difference between the fair value and the asset's carrying amount. No impairment losses were recorded during the three months ended November 30, 2017 and 2016.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014, the FranchiseFinancial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-09 and its related amendments regarding Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606 (ASC Topic 606), Revenue from Contracts with Customers(ASU 2014-09). The standard will eliminateprovides principles for recognizing revenue for the transaction-transfer of promised goods or services to customers with the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The standard also provides guidance on the recognition of incremental costs related to obtaining customer contracts. We adopted ASC Topic 606, effective September 1, 2018, utilizing the modified retrospective method. This approach was applied to contracts that were in process as of September 1, 2018, and industry-specificthe corresponding incremental costs of obtaining those contracts, which resulted in a cumulative effect adjustment of $493,279 to the opening balance of retained earnings at the date of adoption. The adoption of this ASU primarily impacts the timing of our revenue recognition guidance under current generally accepted accounting principlesfor certain sales contracts, the capitalization and amortization of incremental costs of obtaining a contract, and related disclosures. The reported results for fiscal year 2019 reflect the application of ASC Topic 606.
6 |
We generate revenue primarily from the sale of software licenses and providing consulting services to the pharmaceutical industry for drug development.
The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps:
i. | Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer |
ii. | Identification of the performance obligations in the contract |
iii. | Determination of the transaction price |
iv. | Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract |
v. | Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation |
Deferred Commissions
Sales commissions earned by our sales force and our commissioned sales representatives are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. Sales commissions for new contracts are deferred and then amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of benefit. We determined the period of benefit by taking into consideration our customer contracts, our technology and other factors. Sales commissions for renewal contracts are deferred and then amortized on a straight-line basis over the related contractual renewal period. Amortization expense is included in sales and marketing expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
We apply the practical expedient in ASC Topic 606 to expense costs as incurred for sales commissions when the period of benefit would have been one year or less. Most of our contracts are of a duration of one year or less, few, if any of the longer-term contracts have commissions associated with them.
Practical Expedients and Exemptions
The Company has elected the following additional practical expedients in applying Topic 606:
· | Commission Expense: We apply the practical expedient in ASC Topic 606 to expense costs as incurred for sales commissions when the period of benefit is one year or less. Most of our contracts are of a duration of one year or less, few, if any of the longer term contracts have commissions associated with them. |
· | Transaction Price Allocated to Future Performance Obligations ASC 606 requires that the Company disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to performance obligations that have not yet been satisfied as of May 31, 2020. ASC 606 provides certain practical expedients that limit the requirement to disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price allocated to unsatisfied performance obligations. The Company applied the practical expedient to not disclose the amount of transaction price allocated to unsatisfied performance obligations when the performance obligation is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents
For purposes of the statements of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Accounts Receivable
We analyze the age of customer balances, historical bad-debt experience, customer creditworthiness, and changes in customer payment terms when making estimates of the collectability of the Company’s trade accounts receivable balances. If we determine that the financial conditions of any of our customers deteriorated, whether due to customer-specific or general economic issues, an increase in the allowance may be made. Accounts receivable are written off when all collection attempts have failed.
7 |
Capitalized Computer Software Development Costs
Software development costs are capitalized in accordance with ASC 985-20, “Costs of Software to Be Sold, Leased, or Marketed”. Capitalization of software development costs begins upon the establishment of technological feasibility and is discontinued when the product is available for sale.
The establishment of technological feasibility and the ongoing assessment for recoverability of capitalized software development costs require considerable judgment by management with respect to certain external factors including, but not limited to, technological feasibility, anticipated future gross revenues, estimated economic life, and changes in software and hardware technologies. Capitalized software development costs are comprised primarily of salaries and direct payroll-related costs and the purchase of existing software to be used in our software products.
Amortization of capitalized software development costs is calculated on a product-by-product basis using the straight-line method over the estimated economic life of the products (not to exceed five years). Amortization of software development costs amounted to $310,218 and $322,552 for the three months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $937,888 and $1,006,339 for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. We expect future amortization expense to vary due to increases in capitalized computer software development costs.
We test capitalized computer software development costs for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives as follows:
Equipment | 5 years |
Computer equipment | 3 to 7 years |
Furniture and fixtures | 5 to 7 years |
Leasehold improvements | Shorter of life of asset or lease |
Maintenance and minor replacements are charged to expense as incurred. Gains and losses on disposals are included in the results of operations.
Leases
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02—Leases, to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. A lessee should recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. The recognition, measurement and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessor have not significantly changed from previous U.S. (GAAP) and replace it with a principles-based approach for determining revenue recognition.GAAP. This ASU 2014-09 iswas effective for annual andperiods, including interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early2018. We adopted this ASU on September 1, 2019.
We lease various production, administrative and sales offices under operating leases. We evaluate our contracts to determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception and classify it as a finance or operating lease. Currently, all our leases are classified as operating leases. Leased assets and corresponding liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. Our lease terms may include options to extend when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Costs associated with operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis within operating expenses over the term of the lease. With the adoption is permitted for years beginning after December 15, 2016. The revenue recognitionof ASC 842 on September 1, 2019, we recognized all leases with terms greater than 12 months in duration on our consolidated balance sheets as right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. We adopted the standard is requiredusing the prospective approach and did not retrospectively apply to be applied retrospectively, including any combination of practical expedientsprior periods. Right-of-use assets are recorded in long-term assets on our consolidated balance sheets. Current and non-current lease liabilities are recorded as allowed in the standard. We are evaluating the impact, if any,operating lease liabilities within current liabilities and long-term liabilities, respectively, on our consolidated balance sheets. As part of the adoption of ASU 2014-09this standard we recorded the following assets and liabilities as of September 1, 2019:
8 |
Right of use assets | $ | 902,553 | ||
Lease Liabilities, Current | $ | 537,017 | ||
Lease Liabilities, Long-term | $ | 365,536 |
We have made certain assumptions and judgments when applying ASC 842, the most significant of which are:
· | We elected the package of practical expedients available for transition that allow us to not reassess whether expired or existing contracts contain leases under the new definition of a lease, lease classification for expired or existing leases and whether previously capitalized initial direct costs would qualify for capitalization under ASC 842. | |
· | We did not elect to use hindsight when considering judgments and estimates such as assessments of lessee options to extend or terminate a lease or purchase the underlying asset. | |
· | For all asset classes, we elected to not recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability for short-term leases. | |
· | The determination of the discount rate used in a lease is our estimated incremental borrowing rate that is based on what we would expect to pay to borrow over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments. |
Supplemental balance sheet information related to operating leases was as follows as of May 31, 2020:
Right of use asset | $ | 1,019,408 | ||
Lease Liabilities, Current | $ | 525,454 | ||
Lease Liabilities, Long-term | $ | 489,463 | ||
Operating lease costs | $ | 438,269 | ||
Weighted Average remaining lease term | 2.31 years | |||
Weighted Average Discount rate | 4.28% |
Goodwill and indefinite-lived assets
The Company performs valuations of assets acquired and liabilities assumed on each acquisition accounted for as a business combination and recognizes the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their acquisition date fair value. Acquired intangible assets include customer relationships, software, trade names, and non-compete agreements. The Company determines the appropriate useful life by performing an analysis of expected cash flows based on historical experience of the acquired businesses. Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method, which approximates the pattern in which the majority of the economic benefits are expected to be consumed.
Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired entity over the fair value of the acquired net assets. Goodwill is not amortized, instead it is tested for impairment annually or when events or circumstances change that would indicate that goodwill might be impaired. Events or circumstances that could trigger an impairment review include, but are not limited to, a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate, an adverse action or assessment by a regulator, unanticipated competition, a loss of key personnel, significant changes in the manner of the Company's use of the acquired assets or the strategy for the Company's overall business, significant negative industry or economic trends, or significant underperformance relative to expected historical or projected future results of operations.
Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is one level below or the same as an operating segment. As of May 31, 2020, the Company determined that it has four reporting units, Simulations Plus, Cognigen Corporation, DILIsym Services, Inc. and Lixoft. When testing goodwill for impairment, the Company first performs a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is necessary to perform step one of a two-step annual goodwill impairment test for each reporting unit. The Company is required to perform step one only if it concludes that it is more likely than not that a reporting unit's fair value is less than its carrying value. Should this be the case, the first step of the two-step process is to identify whether a potential impairment exists by comparing the estimated fair values of the Company's reporting units with their respective book values, including goodwill. If the estimated fair value of the reporting unit exceeds book value, goodwill is considered not to be impaired, and no additional steps are necessary. If, however, the fair value of the reporting unit is less than book value, then the second step is performed to determine if goodwill is impaired and to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. The amount of the impairment loss is the excess of the carrying amount of the goodwill over its implied fair value. The estimate of implied fair value of goodwill is primarily based on an estimate of the discounted cash flows expected to result from that reporting unit but may require valuations of certain internally generated and unrecognized intangible assets such as the Company's software, technology, patents, and trademarks. If the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the excess.
9 |
As of May 31, 2020, the entire balance of goodwill was attributed to three of the Company's reporting units, Cognigen Corporation, DILIsym Services, and Lixoft. Intangible assets subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of these assets may not be recoverable. The Company did not recognize any impairment charges, during the three-month and nine-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and 2019.
Reconciliation of Goodwill for the period ended May 31, 2020:
Cognigen | DILIsym | Lixoft | Total | |||||||||||||
Balance, August 31, 2019 | $ | 4,789,248 | $ | 5,597,950 | $ | – | $ | 10,387,198 | ||||||||
Addition | – | – | 2,404,973 | 2,404,973 | ||||||||||||
Impairments | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||||
Balance, May 31, 2020 | $ | 4,789,248 | $ | 5,597,950 | $ | 2,404,973 | $ | 12,792,171 |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the Condensed Balance Sheets are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value. The categories, as defined by the standard are as follows:
Level Input: | Input Definition: | |
Level I | Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets at the measurement date. | |
Level II | Inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level I, that are observable for the asset or liability through corroboration with market data at the measurement date. | |
Level III | Unobservable inputs that reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. |
For certain of our financial statementsinstruments, including accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued payroll and other expenses, accrued bonus to officer, and accrued warranty and service costs, the amounts approximate fair value due to their short maturities.
The following table summarizes fair value measurements at May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
May 31, 2020:
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | |||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 7,354,496 | $ | – | $ | – | $ | 7,354,496 | ||||||||
Acquisition-related contingent consideration obligations | $ | – | $ | – | $ | 6,370,028 | $ | 6,370,028 |
August 31, 2019:
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | |||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 11,435,499 | $ | – | $ | – | $ | 11,435,499 | ||||||||
Acquisition-related contingent consideration obligations | $ | – | $ | – | $ | 1,761,028 | $ | 1,761,028 |
As of May 31, 2020, and August 31, 2019, the Company has a liability for contingent consideration related disclosures. to its acquisitions of the DILIsym Services, Inc. and Lixoft. The fair-value measurement of the contingent consideration obligations is determined using Level 3 inputs. The fair value of contingent consideration obligations is based on a discounted cash flow model using a probability-weighted income approach. These fair-value measurements represent Level 3 measurements as they are based on significant inputs not observable in the market. Significant judgment is employed in determining the appropriateness of these assumptions as of the acquisition date and for each subsequent period. Accordingly, changes in assumptions could have a material impact on the amount of contingent consideration expense the Company records in any given period. Changes in the value of the contingent consideration obligations are recorded in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations.
As of May 31, 2020, the Company has a liability for contingent consideration related to its acquisitions of DILIsym Services, Inc. and Lixoft:
The following is a reconciliation of contingent consideration value.
Value at August 31, 2019 | $ | 1,761,028 | ||
Contingent consideration for Lixoft | 4,609,000 | |||
Value at May 31, 2020 | $ | 6,370,028 |
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Research and Development Costs
Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred until technological feasibility has been established. These costs include salaries, laboratory experiment, and purchased software that was developed by other companies and incorporated into, or used in the development of, our final products.
Income Taxes
The Company has not yet selectedaccounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740-10, “Income Taxes” which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns.
Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each year end based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. The provision for income taxes represents the tax payable for the period and the change during the period in deferred tax assets and liabilities.
Intellectual property
On February 28, 2012, we bought out a transition method nor has it determinedroyalty agreement with Enslein Research of Rochester, New York. The cost of $75,000 is being amortized over 10 years under the effectstraight-line method. Amortization expense for each of the standardthree-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 was $1,875 and was $5,625 for each of the nine-month periods ended May 31, 2020, and 2019. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 were $61,875 and $56,250, respectively.
On May 15, 2014, we entered into a termination and nonassertion agreement with TSRL, Inc., pursuant to which the parties agreed to terminate an exclusive software licensing agreement entered into between the parties in 1997. As a result, the company obtained a perpetual right to use certain source code and data, and TSRL relinquished any rights and claims to any GastroPlus products and to any claims to royalties or other payments under that 1997 agreement. We agreed to pay TSRL total consideration of $6,000,000, which is being amortized over 10 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for each of the three-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 was $150,000, and $450,000 for each of the nine-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and 2019. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 were $3,625,000 and $3,175,000, respectively.
On June 1, 2017, as part of the acquisition of DILIsym Services, Inc. the Company acquired certain developed technologies associated with the drug induced liver disease (DILI). These technologies were valued at $2,850,000 and are being amortized over 9 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019 was $79,167 and $237,501, respectively, and is included in cost of revenues. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 were $950,000 and $712,513, respectively.
In September 2018, we purchased certain intellectual property rights of Entelos Holding Company, a Delaware Corporation. The cost of $50,000 is being amortized over 10 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for the three months and nine months period ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019 was $1,250 and $3,750, respectively. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 was $8,750 and $5,000 respectively.
On April 1, 2020, as part of the acquisition of Lixoft the Company acquired certain developed technologies associated with the non-linear mixed effed models, population analysis, pharmacometrics and pre-clinical and clinical trial modeling and simulation algorithms. These technologies were valued at $8,030,000 and are being amortized over 16 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for the two months from acquisition to May 31, 2020 was $83,644, and is included in cost of revenues. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 was $83,644.
Total amortization expense for intellectual property agreements for the three months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 was $315,936 and $232,292, respectively, and total amortization expense for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 was $780,520 and $696,876 respectively. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 was $4,729,270 and $3,948,750 as of August 31, 2019.
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Intangible assets
The following table summarizes intangible assets as of May 31, 2020:
Amortization Period | Acquisition Value | Accumulated Amortization | Net book value | |||||||||||
Customer relationships-Cognigen | Straight line 8 years | $ | 1,100,000 | $ | 790,625 | $ | 309,375 | |||||||
Trade Name-Cognigen | None | 500,000 | 0 | 500,000 | ||||||||||
Covenants not to compete-Cognigen | Straight line 5 years | 50,000 | 50,000 | 0 | ||||||||||
Covenants not to compete-DILIsym | Straight line 4 years | 80,000 | 60,000 | 20,000 | ||||||||||
Trade Name-DILIsym | None | 860,000 | 0 | 860,000 | ||||||||||
Customer relationships-DILIsym | Straight line 10 years | 1,900,000 | 570,000 | 1,330,000 | ||||||||||
Customer relationships-Lixoft | Straight line 14 years | 2,550,000 | 30,356 | 2,519,644 | ||||||||||
Trade Name-Lixoft | None | 1,550,000 | 0 | 1,550,000 | ||||||||||
Covenants not to compete-Lixoft | Straight line 4 years | 60,000 | 2,500 | 57,500 | ||||||||||
$ | 8,650,000 | $ | 1,503,481 | $ | 7,146,519 |
Amortization expense for each of the three-month and nine-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019 was $119,731 and $293,481 as compared to $89,375 and $268,125, respectively. According to policy, in addition to normal amortization, these assets are tested for impairment as needed.
Earnings per Share
We report earnings per share in accordance with FASB ASC 260-10. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares available. Diluted earnings per share computation is similar to basic earnings per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common shares had been issued and if the additional common shares were dilutive. The components of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
5/31/2020 | 5/31/2019 | 5/31/2020 | 5/31/2019 | |||||||||||||
Numerator: | ||||||||||||||||
Net income attributable to common shareholders | $ | 2,935,569 | $ | 2,888,706 | $ | 7,143,925 | $ | 6,524,102 | ||||||||
Denominator: | ||||||||||||||||
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period | 17,735,354 | 17,519,849 | 17,661,189 | 17,472,922 | ||||||||||||
Dilutive effect of stock options | 691,518 | 576,346 | 672,407 | 535,414 | ||||||||||||
Common stock and common stock equivalents used for diluted earnings per share | 18,426,872 | 18,096,195 | 18,333,596 | 18,008,336 |
Stock-Based Compensation
Compensation costs related to stock options are determined in accordance with FASB ASC 718-10, “Compensation-Stock Compensation”, using the modified prospective method. Under this method, compensation cost is calculated based on its ongoing financial reporting. the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with FASB ASC 718-10, amortized on a straight-line basis over the options’ vesting period. Stock-based compensation was $287,115 and $224,654 for the three months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively and $926,747 and $633,398 for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. This expense is included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations as Selling, General, and Administration (SG&A), and Research and Development expense.
Impairment of Long-lived Assets
The Company accounts for the impairment and disposition of long-lived assets in accordance with ASC 350, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other” and ASC 360, “Property and Equipment”. Long-lived assets to be held and used are reviewed for events or changes in circumstances that indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. We measure recoverability by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to the expected future undiscounted net cash flows generated by the asset. If we determine that the asset may not be recoverable, or if the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future undiscounted cash flows, we recognize an impairment charge to the extent of the difference between the fair value and the asset's carrying amount. No impairment losses were recorded during the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019.
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Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which supersedes existing guidance on accounting for leases in "Leases (Topic 840)" and generally requires all leases to be recognized in the consolidated balance sheet. ASU 2016-02 is effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018; early adoption is permitted. The provisions of ASU 2016-02 are to be applied using a modified retrospective approach. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on its consolidated financial statements.
In April 2016, the FASB issued ASASU 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which amends certain aspects of the Board's new revenue standard, ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The standard should bewas adopted concurrently with the adoption of ASU 2014-09 which is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017.
NOTE 3. REVENUE RECOGNITION
The Company has not yet selected a transitionadopted Topic 606 effective September 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective method nor has it determinedapplying this guidance to all open contracts at the date of initial application, which resulted in an adjustment to retained earnings for the cumulative effect of applying this guidance. The most significant impact of Topic 606 on revenue to the standardCompany relates to the timing of revenue recognition for one of its payment contracts. Under 606 the revenues under the contract are being recognized as time is expended and costs are being expensed as incurred. Under ASC 605 revenues were recognized as invoiced and certain costs were capitalized as development.
We generate revenue primarily from the sale of software licenses and providing consulting services to the pharmaceutical industry for drug development.
The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps:
i. | Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer |
ii. | Identification of the performance obligations in the contract |
iii. | Determination of the transaction price |
iv. | Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract |
v. | Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation |
The Company accounts for a contract when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability of consideration is probable. Contracts generally have fixed pricing terms and are not subject to variable pricing. The Company considers the nature and significance of each specific performance obligation under a contract when allocating the proceeds under each contract. Accounting for contracts includes significant judgement in the estimation of estimated hours/cost to be incurred on consulting contracts, and the di minimis nature of the post sales costs associated with software sales.
Components of revenue
The following is a description of principal activities from which the Company generates revenue. As part of the accounting for these arrangements, the Company must develop assumptions that require judgment to determine the stand-alone selling price for each performance obligation identified in the contract. Stand-alone selling prices are determined based on the prices at which the Company separately sells its ongoing financial reporting.services or goods.
Revenue Components | Typical payment terms | |
Software Revenues: Software revenues are generated primarily from sales of software licenses at the time the software is unlocked and the term commences. The license period typically is one year or less. Along with the license a di minimis amount of customer support is provided to assist the customer with the software. Should the customer need more than a di minimis amount of support they can choose to enter into a separate contract for additional training. Most software is installed on our customers' servers and the Company has no control of the software once the sale is made. For certain software arrangements the Company hosts the licenses on servers maintained by the Company, revenue for those arrangements are accounted as Software as a Service over the life of the contract. These arrangements are a small portion of software revenues of the Company. | Payments are generally due upon invoicing on a net 30 basis unless other payment terms are negotiated with the customer based on customer history. Typical industry standards apply. |
Consulting Contracts: Consulting services provided to our customers are generally recognized over time as the contracts are performed and the services are rendered. The company measures its consulting revenue based on time expended compared to total estimated hours to complete a project. The Company believes the methods chosen for its contract revenue best depicts the transfer of benefits to the customer under the contracts. | Payment terms vary, depending on the size of the contract, credit history and history with the client and deliverables within the contract. | |
Consortium Member Based Services: The performance obligation is recognized on a time elapsed basis, by month, for which the services are provided, as the Company transfers control evenly over the contractual period. | Payment is due at the beginning of the period, generally on a net 30 or 60 basis. |
Remaining performance obligations that do not fall under the expedients require the Company to perform various consulting and software development services and consortium memberships of approximately $2,700,000. It is anticipated these revenues will be recognized within the next two and ½ years.
Contract liabilities
During the three months and nine months period ended May 31, 2020 the Company recognized $109,000 and $882,000 of revenue that was included in contract liabilities as of August 31, 2019.
Disaggregation of Revenues
Disaggregation of Revenues: | Three Months Ended May 31, 2020 | Nine Months Ended May 31, 2020 | ||||||
Software licenses | ||||||||
Point in time | $ | 6,622,671 | $ | 16,116,466 | ||||
Over time | 230,047 | 734,339 | ||||||
Consulting services | ||||||||
Over time | 5,445,318 | 15,198,198 | ||||||
Total Revenue | $ | 12,298,036 | $ | 32,049,003 |
NOTE 3:4: Property and Equipment
Property and equipment as of November 30, 2017May 31, 2020 consisted of the following:
Equipment | $ | 661,987 | $ | 775,767 | ||||
Computer equipment | 243,308 | 510,935 | ||||||
Furniture and fixtures | 141,615 | 160,990 | ||||||
Leasehold improvements | 103,598 | 114,004 | ||||||
Sub total | 1,150,508 | 1,561,696 | ||||||
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization | (844,874 | ) | (1,204,912 | ) | ||||
Net Book Value | $ | 305,634 | $ | 356,784 |
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NOTE 4:5: CONTRACTS PAYABLE
DILIsym Acquisition Liabilities:
On June 1, 2017, the Company acquired DILIsym Services, Inc. The agreement provided for a working capital adjustment, an eighteen-month $1,000,000 holdback provision against certain representations and warrantees, and an Earn-out agreement of up to an additional $5,000,000 in Earn-out payments based on earnings over the next three years. The Earn-out liability has been recorded at an estimated fair value. Payments under the Earn-out liability will be due startingstarted in FY 2019. In September 2018, $1,556,644 was paid out under the first earn-out payment, a second earn-out payment was made in August 2019 itin the amount of $1,682,329. It is estimated that a final payment of approximately 43% of the Earn-out liability and well as the holdback$1,761,028 will be paid in 2019August 2020.
Lixoft Acquisition Liabilities:
On April 1, 2020, the Company acquired Lixoft. The agreement provided for a twenty-four month $2,000,000 holdback provision against certain representations and warrantees, comprised of $1,333,333 of cash and the majorityrelease from an escrow shares of stock valued at $666,337 issued at the date of the remaining Earn-out will be paidAgreement. In addition, based on a revenue growth formula for the two years subsequent to April 1, 2020, the agreement calls for earn-out payments up to $5,500,000 (two thirds cash and one-third newly issued, unregistered shares of the Company’s common stock). The former shareholders can earn up to $2,000,000 the first year and $3,500,000 in the following year.year two.
As of November 30, 2017May 31, 2020 and August 31, 20172019 the following liabilities have been recorded:
November 30, 2017 | August 31, 2017 | May 31, 2020 | August 31, 2019 | |||||||||||||
Working Capital Liability | $ | – | $ | 247,328 | ||||||||||||
Holdback Liability | 1,000,000 | 1,000,000 | ||||||||||||||
Earn-out Liability | 4,776,376 | 4,738,188 | ||||||||||||||
Holdback Liability - Lixoft | $ | 1,333,333 | $ | – | ||||||||||||
Earn-out Liability - Lixoft | 4,609,000 | – | ||||||||||||||
Earn-out Liability - Dilisym | 1,761,028 | 1,761,028 | ||||||||||||||
Sub Total | $ | 5,776,376 | $ | 5,985,516 | $ | 7,703,361 | $ | 1,761,028 | ||||||||
Less: Current Portion | 3,150,000 | 247,328 | 3,761,028 | 1,761,028 | ||||||||||||
Long-Term | $ | 2,626,376 | $ | 5,738,188 | $ | 3,942,333 | $ | – |
NOTE 5:6: COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Leases
We lease approximately 13,500 square feet of space in Lancaster, California. The original lease had a five-year term with two, three-year options to extend. The initial five-year term expired in February 2011, and we extended the lease to February 2, 2014. In June 2013, the lease was amended to extend the term to February 2, 2017. The amended lease also provides for an annual base rent increase of 3% per year and two, two-year options to extend. In May 2016 the Company exercised the two, two-year options extending the term of the lease through February 2, 2021 at a fixed rate of $25,000 per month. The new extension agreement allowed the Company with 90 days’ notice to opt out of the remaining lease in the last two years of the term upon payment of a recapture payment equal to the 3% base payment increase that would have been due under the original agreement.
Our Buffalo subsidiary leases approximately 12,623 square feet of space in Buffalo, New York. The initial five-year term expiresexpired in October 2018; the lease allowsand was renewed for a three-year option to extendextending it to October 2021. The currentnew base rent is $15,638$16,147 per month.
In September 2017 DILIsym service signed a three-year lease forleases approximately 1,900 rentable2,700 square feet of space in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. The initial three-year term expires inwas due to expire October 2020. An amendment to the initial lease became effective April 1, 2020. This amendment added 686 square feet and extended the term of the lease to September 30, 2023. The initialnew base rent is $3,975$7,500 per month with an annual 3% adjustment. Prior
In Paris, France Lixoft leases approximately 2,300 square feet of office space, which as of April 1, 2020, had minimum payments equaling $229,843. The lease is for a 9-year term, with an option to this lease DILIsym wasterminate every 3 years, and expires in November of 2024. The rent is $16,555 per quarter and can be adjusted each December based on a month-to-month rental.consumer price index.
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Rent expense, including common area maintenance fees for the three months ended November 30, 2017,May 31, 2020, and 20162019 was $135,877,$168,381 and $122,949,$147,581, respectively, and $463,074 and $436,357 for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases with remaining terms of one year or more at May 31, 2020 were as follows:
Years Ending May 31, | ||||
2021 | $ | 560,554 | ||
2022 | 268,440 | |||
2023 | 174,719 | |||
2024 | 64,118 | |||
$ | 1,067,831 |
Line of Credit
On March 31, 2020, Simulations Plus, Inc. entered into a Credit Agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. The Credit Agreement, has provided Simulations Plus, Inc. with a credit facility of $3,500,000 through April 15, 2022. As of May 31, 2020, there were no amounts drawn against the line of credit.
Employment Agreements
In the normal course of business, the Company has entered into employment agreements with certain of its key management personnel that may require compensation payments upon termination.
License Agreement
The Company executedhad a royalty agreement with Accelrys, Inc. (“Accelrys”) (the original agreement was entered into with Symyx Technologies in March 2010; Symyx Technologies later merged with Accelrys, Inc.)Dassault Systèmes Americas Corp. for access to their Metabolite Database for developing our Metabolite Module within ADMET Predictor™. The module was renamed the Metabolism Module when we released ADMET Predictor version 6 on April 19, 2012. Under this agreement, we paypaid a royalty of 25% of revenue derived from the sale of the Metabolism/Metabolite module to Accelrys. In 2014, Dassault Systemes of France acquired Accelrysmodule. This agreement was recently renegotiated, and the Company now operates underdoes not bear any royalty obligations towards Dassault Systèmes Americas Corp. effective as of June 30, 2019. In addition, the name BIOVIA.license agreement will terminate on September 5, 2020. We incurred royalty expense (benefit) of $35,897($137,496) and $31,069,$55,924, respectively, for the three months ended November 30, 2017May 31, 2020 and 2016,2019, respectively and ($26,055) and $147,495 for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Income taxesTaxes
We follow guidance issued by the FASB with regard to our accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the financial statements. Such guidance prescribes a recognition threshold of more likely than not and a measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. In making this assessment, a company must determine whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, based solely on the technical merits of the position and must assume that the tax position will be examined by taxing authorities. Our policy is to include interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. Interest and penalties totaled $-0- for fiscal year 20182019. We file income tax returns with the IRS and various state jurisdictions, India and India.France for our Paris division. Our federal income tax returns for fiscal year 2012 thru 2013 and 2015years 2016 through 2018 are open for audit, and our state tax returns for fiscal year 20112015 through 20152018 remain open for audit. In addition, our Californiacertain elements of prior tax return for the fiscal year 2007 and fiscal year 2008 remains open with regard toyears, such as R&D tax credits, as a result of a previous audit for which we received a letter from the California Franchise Tax Board stating that an audit will not be conducted for those years at this time; however itmay remain open and may be subject to future audit.
Our review of prior year tax positions using the criteria and provisions presented in guidance issued by FASB did not result in a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.
Litigation
From time to time, we may be involved in routine legal proceedings, as well as demands, claims and threatened litigation, which arise in the normal course of our business. Litigation can be expensive and disruptive to normal business operations. Moreover, the results of legal proceedings, particularly complex legal proceedings, cannot be predicted with any certainty.
We are not a party to any legal proceedings and are not aware of any pending legal proceedings of any kind.
NOTE 6:7: SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Dividend
The Company’s Board of Directors declared cash dividends during fiscal years 20182020 and 2017.2019. The details of the dividends paid are in the following tables:
FY2018 | ||||||||||||||
Record Date | Distribution Date | Number of Shares Outstanding on Record Date | Dividend per Share | Total Amount | ||||||||||
11/13/2017 | 11/20/2017 | 17,284,792 | $ | 0.06 | $ | 1,037,088 | ||||||||
Total | $ | 1,037,088 |
FY2017 | ||||||||||||||
Record Date | Distribution Date | Number of Shares Outstanding on Record Date | Dividend per Share | Total Amount | ||||||||||
11/10/2016 | 11/17/2016 | 17,226,478 | $ | 0.05 | $ | 861,324 | ||||||||
1/30/2017 | 2/6/2017 | 17,233,758 | $ | 0.05 | $ | 861,688 | ||||||||
5/08/2017 | 5/15/2017 | 17,240,626 | $ | 0.05 | $ | 862,031 | ||||||||
7/28/2017 | 8/4/2017 | 17,268,920 | $ | 0.05 | $ | 863,446 | ||||||||
Total | $ | 3,448,489 |
FY2020 | ||||||||||||||
Record Date | Distribution Date | Number of Shares Outstanding on Record Date | Dividend per Share | Total Amount | ||||||||||
10/25/2019 | 11/01/2019 | 17,606,314 | $ | 0.06 | $ | 1,056,379 | ||||||||
1/27/2020 | 2/03/2020 | 17,645,639 | $ | 0.06 | 1,058,740 | |||||||||
4/24/2020 | 5/01/2020 | 17,769,134 | $ | 0.06 | 1,066,148 | |||||||||
Total | $ | 3,181,267 |
Equity Incentive Plan
FY2019 | ||||||||||||||
Record Date | Distribution Date | Number of Shares Outstanding on Record Date | Dividend per Share | Total Amount | ||||||||||
11/1/2018 | 11/08/2018 | 17,417,875 | $ | 0.06 | $ | 1,045,073 | ||||||||
1/25/2019 | 2/1/2019 | 17,481,450 | $ | 0.06 | 1,048,887 | |||||||||
4/09/2019 | 5/01/2019 | 17,515,228 | $ | 0.06 | 1,050,914 | |||||||||
7/25/2019 | 8/1/2019 | 17,536,454 | $ | 0.06 | 1,052,181 | |||||||||
Total | $ | 4,197,055 |
In September 1996, the Board of Directors adopted, and the shareholders approved, the 1996 Stock Option Plan (the "Option Plan") under which a total of 1,000,000 shares of common stock had been reserved for issuance. In March 1999, the shareholders approved an increase in the number of shares that may be granted under the Option Plan to 2,000,000. In February 2000, the shareholders approved an increase in the number of shares that may be granted under the Option Plan to 4,000,000. In December 2000, the shareholders approved an increase in the number of shares that may be granted under the Option Plan to 5,000,000. Furthermore, in February 2005, the shareholders approved an additional 1,000,000 shares, resulting in the total number of shares that may be granted under the Option Plan to 6,000,000. The 1996 Stock Option Plan terminated in September 2006 by its term.
On February 23, 2007, the Board of Directors adopted, and the shareholders approved the 2007 Stock Option Plan under which a total of 1,000,000 shares of common stock had been reserved for issuance. On February 25, 2014, the shareholders approved an additional 1,000,000 shares increasing the total number of shares that may be granted under the Option Plan to 2,000,000. This plan terminated in February 2017 by its term.
On December 23, 2016 the Board of Directors adopted, and on February 23, 2017 the shareholders approved, the 2017 Equity Incentive Plan under which a total of 1,000,000 shares of common stock has been reserved for issuance. This plan will terminate in December 2026.
As of November 30, 2017,May 31, 2020, employees and directors hold Qualified Incentive Stock Options and Non-Qualified Stock Optionsstock options to purchase 1,243,6061,231,491 shares of common stock at exercise prices ranging from $1.00$6.75 to $17.71.$38.81.
The following table summarizes information about stock options:
Transactions in FY18 | Number of Options | Weighted- Average Exercise Price Per Share | Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life | |||||||||
Outstanding, August 31, 2017 | 1,249,126 | $ | 8.51 | 7.52 | ||||||||
Granted | 12,000 | $ | 17.71 | |||||||||
Exercised | (7,792 | ) | $ | 7.28 | ||||||||
Cancelled/Forfeited | (3,728 | ) | $ | 8.16 | ||||||||
Expired | (6,000 | ) | 5.06 | |||||||||
Outstanding, November 30, 2017 | 1,243,606 | $ | 8.63 | 7.51 | ||||||||
Exercisable, November 30, 2017 | 394,765 | $ | 6.51 | 5.46 |
Transactions in FY20 | Number of Options | Weighted- Average Exercise Price Per Share | Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life | |||||||||
Outstanding, August 31, 2019 | 1,163,259 | $ | 12.63 | 7.13 | ||||||||
Granted | 180,000 | $ | 33.83 | |||||||||
Exercised | (78,807 | ) | $ | 8.46 | ||||||||
Cancelled/Forfeited | (32,961 | ) | $ | 14.26 | ||||||||
Expired | – | $ | – | |||||||||
Outstanding, May 31, 2020 | 1,231,491 | $ | 15.95 | 6.90 | ||||||||
Exercisable, May 31, 2020 | 625,966 | $ | 10.05 | 5.78 |
The weighted-average remaining contractual life of options outstanding issued under the Plan, both Qualified ISO and Non-Qualified SO, was 8.636.88 years at November 30, 2017. May 31, 2020. The total fair value of non-vested stock options as of May 31, 2020 was $17,328,000 and is amortizable over a weighted average period of 3.46 years.
The fair value of these options was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options, which do not have vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the expected stock price volatility. Because our stock options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and because changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, in management's opinion, the existing models do not necessarily provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of its stock options.
The following table summarizes the fair value of the options, including both ISOs and NQSOs, granted during the current fiscal year 2020 and fiscal year 2019:
YTD FY 2020 | FY 2019 | |||||||
Estimated fair value of awards granted | $ | 1,996,200 | $ | 1,928,820 | ||||
Unvested Forfeiture Rate | 0% | 6.20% | ||||||
Weighted average grant price | $ | 33.83 | $ | 22.78 | ||||
Weighted average market price | $ | 33.83 | $ | 22.69 | ||||
Weighted average volatility | 32.27% | 31.61% | ||||||
Weighted average risk-free rate | 1.62% | 2.59% | ||||||
Weighted average dividend yield | 0.71% | 1.10% | ||||||
Weighted average expected life | 6.68 years | 6.64 years |
The exercise prices for the options outstanding at November 30, 2017May 31, 2020 ranged from $1.00$6.75 to $17.71,$38.81, and the information relating to these options is as follows:
Exercise Price | Exercise Price | Awards Outstanding | Awards Exercisable | Exercise Price | Awards Outstanding | Awards Exercisable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Low | Low | High | Quantity | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life | Weighted Average Exercise Price | Quantity | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life | Weighted Average Exercise Price | Low | High | Quantity | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life | Weighted Average Exercise Price | Quantity | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life | Weighted Average Exercise Price | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
$ | 1.00 | $ | 4.00 | 54,000 | 1.08 years | $ | 1.45 | 54,000 | 1.08 years | $ | 1.45 | 6.75 | $ | 8.00 | 180,970 | 4.27 years | $ | 6.85 | 180,970 | 4.27 years | $ | 6.85 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
$ | 4.01 | $ | 8.00 | 384,870 | 5.86 years | $ | 6.63 | 254,665 | 5.40 years | $ | 6.52 | 8.01 | $ | 16.00 | 588,401 | 6.29 years | $ | 9.97 | 387,846 | 6.21 years | $ | 9.93 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
$ | 8.51 | $ | 12.00 | 779,820 | 8.76 years | $ | 9.87 | 86,100 | 8.38 years | $ | 9.69 | 16.01 | $ | 24.00 | 236,870 | 8.03 years | $ | 20.69 | 57,150 | 7.60 years | $ | 21.06 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
$ | 12.01 | $ | 16.00 | 12,916 | 9.72 years | $ | 14.44 | 0 | – | $ | – | 24.01 | $ | 38.81 | 225,250 | 9.43 years | $ | 33.92 | 0 | – | $ | – | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
$ | 16.51 | $ | 17.71 | 12,000 | 4.96 years | $ | 17.71 | 0 | – | $ | – | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1,243,606 | 7.51 years | $ | 8.63 | 394,765 | 5.46 years | $ | 6.51 | 1,231,491 | 6.90 years | $ | 15.95 | 625,966 | 5.78 years | $ | 10.05 |
17 |
During the periodthree and nine-month periods ended November 30, 2017May 31, 2020, the company issues 2,256Company issued 1,905 and 6,175 shares of stock to non-management directors of the Company valued at $36,770$72,483 and $217,382, respectively as compensation for services rendered to the Company.
NOTE 7:8: CONCENTRATIONS AND UNCERTAINTIES
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, and trade accounts receivable. The Company holds cash and cash equivalents at banks located in California and North Carolina with balances that often exceed FDIC insured limits. Historically, the Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents. However, considering the current banking environment, the Company is investigating alternative ways to minimize its exposure to such risks. While the Company may be exposed to credit losses due to the nonperformance of its counterparties, the Company does not expect the settlement of these transactions to have a material effect on its results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition. The Company maintains cash at financial institutions that may, at times, exceed federally insured limits. At November 30, 2017May 31, 2020 the Company had cash and cash equivalents exceeding insured limits by $5,948,000.approximately $6,300,000.
Revenue concentration shows that international sales accounted for 35.6%32% and 31.8%36% of net sales for the threenine months ended November 30, 2017May 31, 2020 and 2016,2019, respectively. Four customers accounted for 7%, 7% (a dealer account in Japan representing various customers), 6% and 6% of net sales during the three months ended November 30, 2017. Three customers accounted for 9%8%, 7% (a dealer account in Japan representing various customers), and 6%7% of net sales during the threenine months ended November 30, 2016.
Accounts receivable concentration shows that sixMay 31, 2020. Three customers comprised 18%, 8%accounted for 9%, 8% (a dealer account in Japan representing various customers), 7%, 6%, and 5%7% of accounts receivable at November 30, 2017. net sales during the nine months ended May 31, 2019.
Accounts receivable concentration shows that fourseven customers comprised 19%, 8%10% (a dealer account in Japan representing various customers), 7%, 7%, 7%, 5%, 5% and 5% of accounts receivable at November 30, 2016.May 31, 2020, compared to five customers comprised 10% (a dealer account in Japan representing various customers), 9%, 8%, 5% and 5% of accounts receivable at May 31, 2019
We operate in the computer software industry, which is highly competitive and changes rapidly. Our operating results could be significantly affected by our ability to develop new products and find new distribution channels for new and existing products.
The majority of our customers are in the pharmaceutical industry. Consolidation and downsizing in the pharmaceutical industry could have an impact on our revenues and earnings going forward.
NOTE 8:9: SEGMENT ANDGeographic Reporting
We account for segments and geographic revenues in accordance with guidance issued by the FASB. Our reportable segments are strategic business units that offer different products and services.
Results for each segment and consolidated results are as follows for the threethree-month periods ended November 30, 2017May 31, 2020 and 20162019 (in thousands, because of rounding numbers may not foot):
November 30, 2017 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Lancaster | Buffalo | North Carolina* | Eliminations | Total | ||||||||||||||||
Net revenues | $ | 4,042 | $ | 1,913 | $ | 1,114 | $ | – | $ | 7,069 | ||||||||||
Income (loss) from operations | $ | 1,641 | $ | 508 | $ | 415 | $ | – | $ | 2,564 | ||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 33,033 | $ | 10,429 | $ | 13,990 | $ | (17,702 | ) | $ | 39,750 | |||||||||
Capital expenditures | $ | 25 | $ | 18 | $ | 5 | $ | – | $ | 48 | ||||||||||
Capitalized software costs | $ | 283 | $ | 159 | $ | 66 | $ | – | $ | 507 | ||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | $ | 414 | $ | 87 | $ | 137 | $ | – | $ | 638 |
*Acquired June 1, 2017
November 30, 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Three months ended May 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lancaster | Buffalo | Eliminations | Total | Lancaster | Buffalo | North Carolina | Paris | Eliminations | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net revenues | $ | 3,695 | $ | 1,723 | $ | – | $ | 5,418 | $ | 6,728 | $ | 3,039 | $ | 1,909 | $ | 622 | $ | – | $ | 12,298 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from operations | $ | 1,489 | $ | 439 | $ | – | $ | 1,928 | 2,518 | 610 | 414 | 315 | – | 3,857 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 26,432 | $ | 9,308 | $ | (7,238 | ) | $ | 28,503 | 57,145 | 10,730 | 14,288 | 19,424 | (40,007 | ) | 61,579 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital expenditures | $ | 21 | $ | 37 | $ | – | $ | 58 | 7 | 12 | 13 | – | – | 32 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capitalized software costs | $ | 212 | $ | 21 | $ | – | $ | 234 | 494 | 4 | 32 | 76 | – | 606 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | $ | 417 | $ | 99 | $ | – | $ | 516 | 430 | 88 | 151 | 119 | – | 788 |
Three months ended May 31, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lancaster | Buffalo | North Carolina | Paris | Eliminations | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
Net revenues | $ | 6,025 | $ | 2,538 | $ | 1,374 | $ | – | $ | – | $ | 9,937 | ||||||||||||
Income (loss) from operations | 3,044 | 387 | 451 | – | – | 3,882 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total assets | 40,130 | 10,147 | 12,927 | – | (17,702 | ) | 45,502 | |||||||||||||||||
Capital expenditures | 31 | 8 | 3 | – | – | 42 | ||||||||||||||||||
Capitalized software costs | 351 | 27 | 44 | – | – | 422 | ||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 440 | 92 | 146 | – | – | 678 |
Nine months ended May 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lancaster | Buffalo | North Carolina | Paris | Eliminations | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
Net revenues | $ | 17,559 | $ | 8,176 | $ | 5,692 | $ | 622 | $ | – | $ | 32,049 | ||||||||||||
Income (loss) from operations | 6,425 | 926 | 1,735 | 315 | – | 9,401 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total assets | 57,145 | 10,730 | 14,288 | 19,424 | (40,007 | ) | 61,579 | |||||||||||||||||
Capital expenditures | 24 | 53 | 29 | – | – | 106 | ||||||||||||||||||
Capitalized software costs | 1,523 | 40 | 93 | 76 | – | 1,732 | ||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 1,301 | 263 | 451 | 119 | – | 2,134 |
Nine months ended May 31, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lancaster | Buffalo | North Carolina | Paris | Eliminations | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
Net revenues | $ | 15,398 | $ | 6,895 | $ | 3,652 | $ | – | $ | – | $ | 25,945 | ||||||||||||
Income (loss) from operations | 6,614 | 1,093 | 992 | – | – | 8,699 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total assets | 40,130 | 10,147 | 12,927 | – | (17,702 | ) | 45,502 | |||||||||||||||||
Capital expenditures | 34 | 25 | 16 | – | – | 75 | ||||||||||||||||||
Capitalized software costs | 1,135 | 93 | 134 | – | – | 1,362 | ||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 1,366 | 272 | 432 | – | – | 2,070 |
In addition, the Company allocates revenues to geographic areas based on the locations of its customers. Geographical revenues for the three months and nine months ended November 30, 2017May 31, 2020 and 20162019 were as follows (in thousands, because of rounding numbers may not foot):
Three months ended November 30, 2017 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Three months ended May 31, 2020 | Three months ended May 31, 2020 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
North America | Europe | Asia | South America | Total | North & South America | Europe | Asia | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lancaster | $ | 1,816 | $ | 1,089 | $ | 1,133 | $ | 4 | $ | 4,042 | $ | 3,401 | $ | 1,719 | $ | 1,608 | $ | 6,728 | ||||||||||||||||||
Buffalo | 1,913 | – | – | – | 1,913 | 3,039 | – | – | 3,039 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
North Carolina | 811 | 12 | 291 | – | 1,114 | 1,685 | 130 | 94 | 1,909 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Paris | 537 | 85 | – | 622 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 4,540 | $ | 1,101 | $ | 1,424 | $ | 4 | $ | 7,069 | $ | 8,662 | $ | 1,934 | $ | 1,702 | $ | 12,298 |
Three months ended November 30, 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Three months ended May 31, 2019 | Three months ended May 31, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
North America | Europe | Asia | South America | Total | North & South America | Europe | Asia | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lancaster | $ | 1,973 | $ | 721 | $ | 1,001 | $ | 1 | $ | 3,695 | $ | 2,872 | $ | 1,497 | $ | 1,656 | $ | 6,025 | ||||||||||||||||||
Buffalo | 1,723 | – | – | – | 1,723 | 2,538 | – | – | 2,538 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
North Carolina | 906 | 363 | 105 | 1,374 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 3,696 | $ | 721 | $ | 1,001 | $ | 1 | $ | 5,418 | $ | 6,316 | $ | 1,860 | $ | 1,761 | $ | 9,937 |
19 |
Nine months ended May 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||||||
North & South America | Europe | Asia | Total | |||||||||||||
Lancaster | $ | 8,555 | $ | 4,476 | $ | 4,528 | $ | 17,559 | ||||||||
Buffalo | 8,176 | – | – | 8,176 | ||||||||||||
North Carolina | 4,890 | 581 | 221 | 5,692 | ||||||||||||
Paris | 537 | 85 | – | 622 | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 22,158 | $ | 5,142 | $ | 4,749 | $ | 32,049 |
Nine months ended May 31, 2019 | ||||||||||||||||
North & South America | Europe | Asia | Total | |||||||||||||
Lancaster | $ | 7,059 | $ | 4,207 | $ | 4,132 | $ | 15,398 | ||||||||
Buffalo | 6,895 | – | – | 6,895 | ||||||||||||
North Carolina | 2,622 | 550 | 480 | 3,652 | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 16,576 | $ | 4,757 | $ | 4,612 | $ | 25,945 |
NOTE 9:10: EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN
We maintain a 401(K) Plan for all eligible employees, and we make matching contributions equal to 100% of the employee’s elective deferral, not to exceed 4% of total employee compensation. We can also elect to make a profit-sharing contribution. Our contributions to this Plan amounted to $71,381$123,549 and $53,959$116,839 for the three months ended November 30, 2017May 31, 2020 and 2016,2019, respectively and $325,220 and $295,777 for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 respectively.
NOTE 10:-11: ACQUISITION/MERGER WITH SUBSIDIARIES
DILIsym Services, Inc.LIXOFT
On May 1, 2017,March 31, 2020, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase and Contribution Agreement (the “Stock Agreement”“Agreement”) with DILIsym Services, IncLixoft, a French société par actions simplifiée (“DILIsym”Lixoft”). On JuneApril 1 2016,2020, the Company consummated the acquisition of all outstanding equity interests of DILIsymLixoft pursuant to the terms of the Stock Agreement, with DILIsymLixoft becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. We believe the combination of Simulations Plus and DILIsymLixoft provides substantial future potential based on the complementary strengths of each of the companies.
Under the terms of the Stock Agreement, as described below, the Company will pay the former shareholders of DILIsymLixoft total consideration of approximately $10,463,000.up to $16,500,000, consisting of two-thirds cash and one-third newly issued, unregistered shares of the Company’s common stock. In addition, the Company will pay $3,456,029 of excess working capital based on the March 31, 2020 financial statements of Lixoft.
On JuneApril 1, 2017,2020, the Company paid the former shareholders of DILIsymLixoft a total of $4,515,982,$10,789,362, comprised of cash in the amount of $9,460,129 and the issuance of 111,682 shares of the Company’s common stock valued at $3,662,337 (under the terms of the Agreement a price of approximately $32.15 dollars per share was used based upon the volume-weighted average closing price of the Company’s shares of common stock for the 30-consecutive-trading-day period ending two trading days prior to April 1, 2020). The actual stock price at April 1, 2020 was $34.92, so the total value of the stock issued was approximately $3,900,000, of which included a $4,000,000 initial payment9,669 shares are held in an escrow for offset for representations and a preliminary working capital payment of $515,982. Additional working capital adjustments of $247,328 were due under the agreement and were paid subsequent to August 31, 2017.
warrantees. Within three business days following the eighteen-monthtwo-year anniversary of theMarch 31, 2020 (the date of the Stock Agreement, May 1, 2017,Agreement) and subject to any offsets for representations and warrantees, the Company will pay the former shareholders of DILIsymLixoft a total of $1,000,000.$2,000,000, comprised of $1,333,333 of cash and the release from an escrow shares of stock valued at $666,337 issued at the date of the Agreement. The Agreement provides for a two-year market standoff period in which the newly issued shares may not be sold by the recipients thereof.
20 |
In addition, the agreement calls for Earn-outearn-out payments up to an additional $5,000,000$5,500,000, two-thirds cash and one-third newly issued, unregistered shares of the Company’s common stock based on a revenue growth formula of pre-tax earnings overeach year for the next three years.two years subsequent to April 1, 2020. The former shareholders can earn up to $2,000,000 the first year and $3,500,000 in year two. The Earn-out liability has been recorded at fair value.
Under the acquisition method of accounting, the total estimated purchase price is allocated to DILIsym’sreflects Lixoft’s tangible and intangible assets and liabilities based on their estimated fair values at the date of the completion of the acquisition (June(April 1, 2017)2020). The following table summarizes the preliminary allocation of the purchase price for DILIsym:Lixoft:
Assets acquired, including accounts receivable of $255,000 and estimated Contracts receivable of $153,000 | $ | 2,283,110 | ||
Developed Technologies Acquired | 2,850,000 | |||
Estimated value of Intangibles acquired (Customer Lists, trade name etc.) | 2,840,000 | |||
Current Liabilities assumed | (911,049 | ) | ||
Goodwill | 5,597,950 | |||
Estimated Deferred income taxes | (2,212,160 | ) | ||
Total Consideration | $ | 10,463,310 |
Assets acquired, Including cash of $3,799,134 and accounts receivable of $629,481 | $ | 4,994,160 | ||
Developed Technologies Acquired | 8,030,000 | |||
Estimated value of Intangibles assets acquired (Customer Lists, trade name etc.) | 4,160,000 | |||
Estimated Goodwill acquired | 2,404,973 | |||
Liabilities Assumed | (862,208 | ) | ||
Total Consideration | $ | 18,726,925 |
Goodwill has been provided in the transaction based on estimates of future earnings of this subsidiary including anticipated synergies associated with the positioning of the combined company as a leader in model-based drug development. Based on the structure of the transaction, the Company does not anticipate benefiting from any tax deductions in future periods for recognized goodwill.
PROFORMA INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)
Consolidated supplemental Pro Forma information
The following consolidated supplemental pro forma information assumes that the acquisition of DILIsymLixoft took place on September 1, 20162018 for the income statement for the three-month periodand nine-month periods ended November 30, 2016.May 31, 2020. These amounts have been calculated after applying the Company’s accounting policies and adjusting the results of DILIsymLixoft to reflect the same expenses in the three-month period ended November 30, 2016.May 31, 2019. The adjustments include costs of acquisition, and amortization of intangibles and other technologies acquired during the merger, assuming the fair-value adjustments applied on September 1, 2016,2018, together with consequential tax effects.
For the quarterly period ended (Unaudited) | ||||||||
(Actual) | (Pro forma) | |||||||
2017 | 2016 | |||||||
Net Sales | $ | 7,069 | $ | 5,958 | ||||
Net Income | $ | 1,716 | $ | 1,274 |
For the three-month period ended | For the nine-month period ended | |||||||||||||||
May 31, (in 1000’s) (Unaudited) | May 31, (in 1000’s) (Unaudited) | |||||||||||||||
(Pro forma)* | (Pro forma) | (Pro forma)* | (Pro forma) | |||||||||||||
2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||
Net Sales | $ | 12,422 | $ | 10,520 | $ | 34,430 | $ | 28,389 | ||||||||
Net Income | $ | 3,565 | $ | 2,860 | $ | 8,442 | $ | 7,076 |
*Balances include two months actual results for Lixoft.
NOTE 11:12 - SUBSEQUENT EVENTEVENTS:
Dividend Declared
On December 22, 2017, the U.S. President signed the Tax Cuts and Jobs ActJuly 7, 2020, our Board of 2017 (the “2017 Tax Act). Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification Topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”) requires that the company recognize the effectsDirectors declared a quarterly cash dividend of changes in tax laws or tax rates in the financial statements$0.06 per share to our shareholders. The dividend will be distributed on Monday August 3, 2020, for the period in which such changes were enacted. Among other things, changes in tax laws or tax rates can affect the amountshareholders of taxes payable for the current period,record as well as the amount and timing of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets. The Company is a fiscal year reporting company, because the 2017 Tax Act became law in December 2017, and as such would be required to account for the impacts related to the 2017 Tax Act in the financial statements included in their annual report on Form 10-K for August 31, 2018 due in November 2018. The Company has elected to take advantage of the extended measurement period provided by SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, and will report the effect of the changes from the 2017 Tax Act when the calculations are complete, or reasonable estimates can be determined. The Company has begun the process of analysis of the 2017 Tax Act and will recognize the effect of the changes in tax laws or rates in the period that the process has been completed.Monday July 27, 2020.
Item 2.Management's Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operations
This document and the documents incorporated in this document by reference contain forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this document and the materials accompanying this document are forward-looking statements.
The forward-looking statements are based on the beliefs of our management, as well as assumptions made by and information currently available to our management. Frequently, but not always, forward-looking statements are identified by the use of the future tense and by words such as “believes,” expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “will,” “may,” “could,” “would,” “projects,” “continues,” “estimates” or similar expressions. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and actual results could differ materially from those indicated by the forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause our or our industry’s actual results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.
The forward-looking statements contained or incorporated by reference in this document are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”) and are subject to the safe harbor created by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements include declarations regarding our plans, intentions, beliefs, or current expectations.
Among the important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by forward-looking statements are the risks and uncertainties described under “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report and elsewhere in this document and in our other filings with the SEC.
Forward-looking statements are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement. The forward-looking statements included in this document are made as of the date of this document and we do not undertake any obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect new information, subsequent events, or otherwise.
BUSINESS
OVERVIEW
Simulations Plus, Inc., incorporated in 1996, is a premier developer of groundbreaking drug discovery and development software for mechanistic modeling and simulation, and for machine-learning-based prediction of properties of molecules solely from their structure, and is exploring the application of its machine-learning technologies in other industries, including aerospace/military and general healthcare. Our pharmaceutical/chemistry software is licensed to major pharmaceutical, biotechnology, agrochemical, and food industry companies and to regulatory agencies worldwide for use in the conduct of industry-based research. We also provide consulting services ranging from early drug discovery through preclinical and clinical trial data analysis and for submissions to regulatory agencies. Simulations Plus is headquartered in Southern California, with offices in Buffalo, New York, and its common stock trades on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “SLP.”
In September 2014, Simulations Plus acquired Cognigen Corporation (Cognigen) as a wholly owned subsidiary pursuant to that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of July 23, 2014, by and between Simulations Plus and Cognigen (the “Merger Agreement”). Cognigen was originally incorporated in 1992. Through the integration of Cognigen into Simulations Plus, Simulations Plus became also a leading provider of population modeling and simulation contract research services for the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. Our clinical-pharmacology-based consulting services include pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling, clinical trial simulations, data programming, and technical writing services in support of regulatory submissions. We have also developed software for harnessing cloud-based computing in support of modeling and simulation activities and secure data archiving, and we provide consulting services to improve interdisciplinary collaborations and research and development productivity.
In June 2017, Simulation Plus acquired DILIsym Services, Inc. (DILIsym) as a wholly owned subsidiary pursuant to a stock purchase agreement dated May 1, 2017. On June 1, 2017, the Company consummated the acquisition of all outstanding equity interests of DILIsym pursuant to the terms of the Stock Agreement, with DILIsym becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. We believe the combination of Simulations Plus and DILIsym provides substantial future potential based on the complementary strengths of each of the companies. The acquisition of DILIsym positions the Company as the leading provider of Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) modeling and simulation software and contract research services.In addition to the DILIsym® software for analysis of potential drug-induced liver injury, DILIsym Services, Inc. also has developed a simulation program for analyzing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) called NAFLDsym™. The difference between DILIsym and NAFLDsym is that DILIsym estimates the potential for a particular drug molecule to induce liver injury (i.e., to cause damage), while NAFLDsym estimates the likelihood of new molecules to treat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (i.e., to repair damage), and is unique to the mechanisms involved in such treatment. As such, DILIsym can be a single program that addresses a wide variety of molecules across various companies, while NAFLDsym requires customizing the software for each mechanism of action. Both the DILIsym and NAFLDsym software programs require outputs from physiologically based pharmacokinetics (PBPK) software as inputs. The GastroPlus™ PBPK software from Simulations Plus provides such information; thus, the integration of these technologies will provide a seamless capability for analyzing the potential for drug-induced liver injury for new drug compounds and for investigating the potential for new therapeutic agents to treat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
We are a global leader focused on improving the ways scientists use knowledge and data to predict the properties and outcomes of pharmaceutical and biotechnology agents, and are one of only two global companies who provide a wide range of preclinical and clinical consulting services and software. Our innovations in integrating new and existing science in medicinal chemistry, computational chemistry, pharmaceutical science, biology, physiology, and machine learning into our software have made us the leading software provider for PBPK modeling and simulation and for prediction of molecular properties from structure.
We generate revenue by delivering relevant, cost-effective software and creative and insightful consulting services. Pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies use our software programs and scientific knowledge to guide early drug discovery (molecule design and screening), preclinical, and clinical development programs. They also use it to enhance their understanding of the properties of potential new medicines and to use emerging data to improve formulations, select and justify dosing regimens, support the generics industry, optimize clinical trial designs, and simulate outcomes in special populations, such as the elderly and pediatric patients.
PRODUCTS
General
We currently offer ten software products for pharmaceutical research and development: five simulation programs that provide time-dependent results based on solving large sets of differential equations: GastroPlus™; DDDPlus™; MembranePlus™; DILIsym®; and NAFLDsym™; three programs that are based on predicting and analyzing static (not time-dependent) properties of chemicals: ADMET Predictor™; MedChem Designer™; and MedChem Studio™ (the combination of ADMET Predictor, MedChem Designer, and MedChem Studio is called our ADMET Design Suite™); our newest program which is designed for rapid clinical trial data analysis and regulatory submissions called PKPlus™; and a program called KIWI™ from our Cognigen division that provides an integrated platform for data analysis and reporting through our proprietary secure cloud.
GastroPlus
Our flagship product, and currently our largest single source of software revenue, is GastroPlus. GastroPlus simulates the absorption, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of drugs administered to humans and animals, and is currently the most widely used commercial software of its type by pharmaceutical companies, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH), and other government agencies in the U.S. and other countries. The FDA currently has 30 floating GastroPlus licenses shared across various divisions.
Because of the widespread use of GastroPlus, we were the only non-European company invited to join the European Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) program for Oral Bioavailability Tools (OrBiTo). OrBiTo, begun in 2012 and completed in 2017, was an international collaboration among 27 industry, academic, and government organizations working in the area of oral absorption of pharmaceutical products. Because we are outside of the European Union, our participation in this project was at our own expense, while other members were compensated for their work; however, we were a full member with access to all of the data and discussions of all other members. We believe our investment to participate in this initiative enabled us to benefit from, and to contribute to, advancing the prediction of human oral bioavailability from preclinical data, and ensured that we are well-known to member pharmaceutical companies and regulatory agencies.
In September 2016, we announced that Simulations Plus had been invited to join the European SimInhale Consortium and had been admitted to this prestigious group focused on advancing the state of the art for simulation of inhaled dosage forms. As one of only two U.S. participants, Simulations Plus is participating in activities designed toadvance particle designs for improved deposition and interaction with lung tissue; promote realistic computer simulations of particle aerosolization, delivery, and deposition; promote patient-tailored inhaled medicines; promote integration of device and formulation design; and promote critical assessment of toxicity issues and related risks.
In September 2014, we entered into a research collaboration agreement (RCA) with the FDA to enhance the Ocular Compartmental Absorption and Transit (OCAT™) model within the Additional Dosing Routes Module of GastroPlus. The objective of this agreement was to provide a tool for generic companies and the FDA to assess the likely bioequivalence of generic drug formulations dosed to the eye. Under this RCA, we received up to $200,000 per year. This RCA could be renewed for up to a total of three years based on the progress achieved during the project. After a successful second year, the RCA was renewed for its third year in September 2016, and was completed in September 2017.
We were awarded another RCA by the FDA in September 2015; this one to expand the capabilities of GastroPlus to simulate the dosing of long-acting injectable microspheres. This type of dosage form is usually injected via subcutaneous or intramuscular routes, but can also be used for ocular dosing. Once again, this RCA provides up to $200,000 per year for up to three years. Under this agreement, we are developing simulation models to deal with the very slow dissolution/decomposition of the microsphere carrier material that gradually releases the active drug over periods as long as weeks or months. After a successful second year, the RCA was renewed for the third year in September 2017, and will expire in September 2018 unless further renewed.
In addition to the two funded efforts with the FDA described above, we also have an unfunded RCA with the FDA’s Office of Generic Drugs (OGD) that began in 2014. The objective of this RCA, which has a five-year term, is directed toward the FDA’s evaluation of mechanistic IVIVCs (in vitro-in vivo correlations) to determine whether mechanistic absorption modeling (MAM) can relate laboratory (in vitro) dissolution experiment results to the behavior of dosage forms in humans and animals (in vivo) better than traditional empirical methods.
In April 2017, we released Version 9.5 of GastroPlus after nearly two years of improvements over version 9.0, which was released in April 2015. Version 9.5 is now the largest single upgrade we’ve made to the program. New functionalities that we believe provide the most advanced decision-making tool for preclinical and early clinical trial simulation and modeling analysis available today include:
Our goal with GastroPlus is to integrate the most advanced science into user-friendly software to enable pharmaceutical researchers and regulators to perform sophisticated analyses of complex drug behaviors in humans and laboratory animals. Already the most widely used program in the world for physiologically based pharmacokinetics (PBPK), the addition of these new capabilities is expected to expand the user base in the early pharmaceutical research and development process, while also helping us further penetrate the biopharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics, and general toxicology markets.
Version 9.6 is now in development and release is expected in early calendar 2018. This version will add a number of important new capabilities, including improvements to absorption, metabolism, drug-drug interaction, and output reporting, among others.
DDDPlus
DDDPlus simulatesin vitro (laboratory) experiments that measure the rate of dissolution of a drug and, if desired, the additives (excipients) in a particular dosage form (e.g., powder, tablet, capsule, or injectable solids) under a variety of experimental conditions. This unique software program is used by formulation scientists in industry and the FDA to (1) understand the physical mechanisms affecting the disintegration and dissolution rates of various formulations, (2) reduce the number of cut-and-try attempts to design new drug formulations, and (3) designin vitrodissolution experiments to better mimicin vivo (animal and human) conditions. Version 5.0 of DDDPlus, which added a number of significant enhancements, was released in April 2016. This version added new formulation types (controlled release bilayer tablet, delayed release coated tablet, and immediate release coated beads), expanded formulation specification options, biorelevant solubilities and surfactant effects on dissolution, tablet compression and disintegration models, links with GastroPlus, and updated licensing. Current improvements in development and testing include new capabilities to simulatein vitro dissolution experiments for long-acting injectable microspheres as part of our work under the FDA-funded grant mentioned above.
Version 6.0 of DDDPlus is in final development testing and will offer a series of new capabilities, including:
MembranePlus™
MembranePlus was released in October 2014. Similar to DDDPlus, MembranePlus simulates laboratory experiments, but in this case, the experiments are for measuring permeability of drug-like molecules through various membranes, including several different standard cell cultures (Caco-2, MDCK), as well as artificially formulated membranes (PAMPA). The value of such simulations derives from the fact that when the permeabilities of the same molecules are measured in different laboratories using (supposedly) the same experimental conditions, the results are often significantly different. These differences are caused by a complex interplay of factors in how the experiment was set up and run. MembranePlus simulates these experiments with their specific experimental details, and this enables scientists to better interpret how results from specific experimental protocols can be used to predict permeability in human and animals, which is the ultimate goal.
Version 2.0 of MembranePlus is in final development testing. This version will add:
PKPlus™
On August 25, 2016, we announced the release of a new standalone software product called PKPlus, based on the internal PKPlus Module in GastroPlus that has been available since 2000. The PKPlus Module in GastroPlus provides quick and easy fitting of compartmental pharmacokinetic (PK) models as well as a simple noncompartmental analysis (NCA) for intravenous and extravascular (oral, dermal, ocular, pulmonary, etc.) doses; however, the PKPlus Module in GastroPlus was not designed to meet all of the requirements for performing these analyses for Phase 2 and 3 clinical trials, nor to produce report-quality output for regulatory submissions. The new standalone PKPlus program has been developed to provide the full level of functionality needed by pharmaceutical industry scientists to perform the analyses and generate the outputs needed to fully satisfy regulatory agency requirements for both more complex NCA as well as compartmental PK modeling. After receiving considerable feedback on version 1.0, we began modifying the program to include a number of additional features requested by our users and potential users and expect to release the next version early in 2018. We believe the potential number of eventual users for PKPlus is in the thousands world-wide and that it has the potential to eventually become one of our leading revenue producers.
We are now in final development testing and documentation of PKPlus version 2.0, which has incorporated a wide variety of requested features from current users as well as evaluators of version 1.0, including:
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ADMET Predictor™
ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity) Predictor is a chemistry-based computer program that takes molecular structures (i.e., drawings of molecules represented in various formats) as inputs and predicts approximately 150 different properties for them at an average rate of over 100,000 compounds per hour on a modern laptop computer. This capability allows chemists to generate estimates for a large number of important molecular properties without the need to synthesize and test the molecules, as well as to generate estimates of unknown properties for molecules that have been synthesized, but for which only a limited number of experimental properties have been measured. Thus, a chemist can assess the likely success of a large number of existing molecules in a company’s chemical library, as well as molecules that have never been made, by providing only their molecular structures, either by drawing them using a tool such as our MedChem Designer software, or by automatically generating large numbers of molecules using various computer algorithms, including those embedded in our MedChem Studio software.
ADMET Predictor has enjoyed top-ranked for predictive accuracy in multiple peer-reviewed, independent comparison studies for many years, while generating its results at a high throughput rate. Although the state of the art of this type of software does not enable identifying the best molecule in a series, it does allow early screening of molecules that are highly likely to fail as potential drug candidates (i.e., the worst molecules, which is usually the majority of a chemical library) before synthesizing and testing them. Thus, millions of virtual compounds can be created and screened in a day, compared to potentially months or years of work to actually synthesize and test a much smaller number of actual compounds.
ADMET Predictor version 8.0 was released on August 1, 2016. This version featured a completely redesigned and modernized interface as well as a number of new capabilities to enhance the performance and user-friendliness of the program. In addition, we integrated a number of MedChem Studio features into version 8.0, and created a tighter integration between the two programs when a MedChem Studio license is obtained along with an ADMET Predictor license.
The optional ADMET Modeler Module™ in ADMET Predictor enables scientists to use their own experimental data to quickly create proprietary high-quality predictive models using the same powerful machine-learning methods we use to build our top-ranked property predictions. Pharmaceutical companies expend substantial time and money conducting a wide variety of experiments on new molecules each year, generating large databases of experimental data. Using this proprietary data to build predictive models can provide a second return on their investment; however, model building has traditionally been a difficult and tedious activity performed by specialists. The automation in ADMET Modeler makes it easy for a scientist to create very powerful models with minimal training.
We released version 8.1 of ADMET Predictor in January 2017. This release included:
The recent release of version 8.5 in November 2017 added:
Potential new markets for machine learning
We are currently investigating applications of our sophisticated machine-learning engine outside of our normal pharmaceutical markets. To date, we have conducted several proof-of-concept studies including: (1) building predictive models for missile aerodynamic force and moment coefficients as a function of missile geometry, Mach number, and angle of attack, (2) classifying/identifying missiles and other objects from radar tracking data, (3) mapping jet engine compressor performance to predict when maintenance might be required, and (4) classifying patients as healthy or experiencing some disease state or genetic disorder evidenced by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. Other potential applications for this modeling engine have also been identified; however, our focus to date has been primarily in these areas.
We believe our proprietary machine-learning software engine has a wide variety of potential applications and we intend to pursue funding to develop customized tools to further monetize our investment in this technology by expanding our markets beyond the life sciences and chemistry. In addition, we are examining a variety of expanded capabilities to add to the basic modeling engine to accommodate even larger data sets (“big data analytics”) and new applications.
MedChem Designer™
MedChem Designer was launched in 2011. It was initially a molecule-drawing program, or “sketcher”, but now has capabilities exceeding those of other molecule-drawing programs because of its integration with both MedChem Studio and ADMET Predictor. We provide MedChem Designer for free because we believe that in the long run it will help to increase demand for ADMET Predictor and MedChem Studio, and because most other existing molecule-drawing programs are also provided for free. Our free version includes a small set of ADMET Predictor’s best-in-class property predictions, allowing the chemist to modify molecular structures and then see a few key properties very quickly. With a paid ADMET Predictor license, the chemist would see the entire approximately 150 predictions that are available. Over 23,000 copies of MedChem Designer have been downloaded by scientists around the world to date.
When used with a license for ADMET Predictor, MedChem Designer becomes ade novo molecule design tool. With it, a researcher can draw one or more molecular structures, then click on the ADMET Predictor icon and have approximately 150 properties for each structure calculated in seconds, including our proprietary ADMET Risk index. Researchers can also click on an icon to generate the likely metabolites of a molecule and then predict all of the properties of those metabolites from ADMET Predictor, including each of their ADMET Risk scores. This is important because a metabolite of a molecule can be therapeutically beneficial (or harmful) even though the parent molecule is not.
Our proprietary ADMET Risk score provides a single number that tells the chemist how many default threshold values for various predicted properties were crossed (or violated) by each structure. Thus, in a single number, the chemist can instantly compare the effects of different structural changes in many dimensions. The ideal score is zero; however, a low score greater than zero might be acceptable, depending on what property(s) caused the points to be assigned. If the number is too high (greater than 5 or 6), the molecule is not likely to be successful as a drug. The default rules can be modified and new rules can be added by the user to include any desired rule set based on any combination of calculated descriptors, predicted properties, and user inputs. As chemists attempt to modify structures to improve one property, they often cause others to become unacceptable. Without ADMET Risk, the chemist would have to individually examine many key properties for each new molecule (and its metabolites) to determine whether any of them became unacceptable as a result of changing the structure.
MedChem Studio™
MedChem Studio has been integrated into the ADMET Predictor platform, but can still be licensed separately without requiring a license for ADMET Predictor. MedChem Studio is a powerful software tool that is used both for data mining and forde novo design of new molecules. In its data-mining role, MedChem Studio facilitates searching large chemical libraries to find molecules that contain identified substructures, and it enables rapid identification of clusters (classes) of molecules that share common substructures. We have now merged MedChem Studio with ADMET Predictor so that either program can be entered through the same interface, and the communication between the two programs is enhanced through the seamless integration of both technologies. We believe this will enhance the attractiveness of both ADMET Predictor and MedChem Studio to medicinal and computational chemists.
While MedChem Designer can be used to refine a small number of molecules, MedChem Studio can be used to create and screen (with ADMET Predictor) very large numbers of molecules down to a few promising lead candidates. MedChem Studio has features that enable it to generate new molecular structures using a variety ofde novo design methods. When MedChem Studio is used with ADMET Predictor and MedChem Designer (the combination of which we refer to as our ADMET Design Suite), we believe the programs provide an unmatched capability for chemists to search through large libraries of compounds that have undergone high-throughput screening experiments to find the most promising classes (groups of molecules with a large common part of their structures) and molecules that are active against a particular target. In addition, MedChem Studio can take an interesting (but not acceptable) molecule and, using a variety of design algorithms, quickly generate many thousands to millions of high quality analogs (similar new molecules). These molecules can then be screened using ADMET Predictor to find molecules that are predicted to be both active against the target and acceptable in a variety of ADMET properties. We demonstrated the power of the ADMET Design Suite during two NCE (new chemical entity) projects wherein we designed lead molecules to inhibit the growth of theplasmodium falciparum malaria parasite in one study, and lead molecules that were able to inhibit two targets at the same time: COX-1 and COX-2. In each case, we announced ahead of time that we were attempting to do this, and we reported the results when the projects were complete. Every molecule we designed and had synthesized hit their targets in both projects, clearly demonstrating the power of the ADMET Design Suite.
KIWI™
Drug development programs rely increasingly on modeling and simulation analyses to support decision-making and submissions to regulatory agencies. To ensure high-quality analyses, organizations must not only apply high-quality science, but must also be able to support the science by being able to validate the results. KIWI is a cloud-based web application that was developed to efficiently organize, process, maintain, and communicate the volume of data and results generated by pharmacologists and scientists over the duration of a drug development program. The validated workflow and tools within KIWI promote traceability and reproducibility of results.
The pharmaceutical industry has been rapidly adopting cloud technology as a solution to ever-expanding computer processing needs. Leveraging our 20-plus years of experience in providing an architecture supporting modeling and simulation efforts, we have developed KIWI as a secure, validated, enterprise-scale environment, enabling global teams to collaborate on model-based decision making. KIWI has proven to be a valuable platform for encouraging interdisciplinary discussions about the model development process and interpretation of results. We continue to receive positive feedback about the functionality implemented in KIWI and the value of the approach we have taken to harness cloud technology. We continue to improve functionality and collaboration within the KIWI platform, and we expect the licensing fee will be a source of recurring revenue for further development and growth. KIWI Version 1.3 was released in May 2015. This version of KIWI provides our user community with access to new features that accelerate completion of modeling projects by decreasing run times and facilitating the comparison and exporting of results across models. These features include dynamic comparisons of model parameter estimates and diagnostic plots, export of model run records for regulatory submissions, and accelerated infrastructure with the upgrade to the latest versions of NONMEM® and Perl-speaks-NONMEM running in a 64-bit Linux environment.
KIWI Version 1.6 was released in September 2016. This new version introduced major enhancements in the functionality of visualization tools offered by the platform. These enhancements include simplifying the creation of plots and comparing them across multiple models, thus accelerating the model refinement process. In addition, analysts can now conveniently copy visualization preferences across projects, improving consistency and facilitating collaboration and communication with clients and colleagues.
KIWI 2 was released in December 2017. This latest version introduces a repository within the KIWI Cloud service to facilitate the management and organization of data and documents used and produced to support the modeling and simulation analyses used, in part, to submit new drug applications. The user interface provides a pre-defined directory as a default that can be customized, allows file version control, and provides a comprehensive roles and permissions structure to enhance collaboration among a community of users. As part of this initiative an enhanced authentication framework foundation was included to provide the ability for clients to customize authentication rules according to their internal regulatory policies and procedures. In addition, since it can take hundreds of models to create one final model, an automated diagnostics dashboard has been added that visually displays the results of over 10 diagnostics that are used by modelers to decide what direction to take their modeling with the potential to significantly reduce the amount of time it takes to arrive at a final model.
We continue enhancing KIWI as part of our five-year, almost-$5 million contract with a leading global research foundation.
DILIsym
The DILIsym software is a quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) program that has been in development since 2011. QSP software models are based on the fundamental understanding of complex biological pathways, disease processes, and drug mechanisms of action, integrating information from experiments and forming hypotheses for the next experimental model. DILIsym deals with the propensity for some drug molecules to induce temporary or permanent changes in biological functions within liver cells (hepatocytes) that can result in damage to the liver. Some drugs cause temporary changes in liver function but the body soon compensates and liver function returns to normal. Other drugs cause liver function to permanently decline as they continue to be taken. The DILIsym software models a variety of interactions within the hepatocytes to determine whether a particular drug molecule interrupts normal signaling pathways in a manner to induce injury to the cells.
NAFLDsym
Where DILIsym is used to investigate the likelihood that a known drug molecule would cause injury to the liver, NAFLDsym is concerned with a liver that is already diseased by excess fat and investigates the likelihood that various molecules might provide beneficial therapeutic benefits to treat or cure the disease. DILIsym can be considered a “shrink wrap” software product, usable across many companies and drug development projects. NAFLDsym, on the other hand, requires modification for each of a number of different mechanisms of action that potential new drug compounds could use to treat the disease, and so is a customized tool used in consulting projects for each new client project.
Contract Research and Consulting Services
Our scientists and engineers have expertise in drug absorption via various dosing routes (oral, intravenous, subcutaneous, intramuscular, ocular, nasal/pulmonary, and dermal), pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. They have attended over 200 scientific meetings worldwide in the past four years, often speaking and presenting. We frequently conduct contracted consulting studies for large customers (including the five largest pharmaceutical companies) who have particularly difficult problems and who recognize our expertise in solving them, as well as for smaller customers who prefer to have studies run by our scientists rather than to license our software and train someone to use it. The demand for our consulting services has been steadily increasing, and we have expanded our consulting teams to meet the increased workload.
We continue working on a five-year consulting agreement with a major research foundation to implement a platform for coordinating the data generated by global teams engaged in model-based drug development.
We currently are working with the FDA on two Research Collaboration Agreements (RCAs): the funded efforts for long-acting injectable microspheres and the unfunded IVIVC effort, both described above under “GastroPlus”. We also successfully completed the third year of our funded collaboration for ocular dosing just after the end of FY2017.
Pharmacometric Modeling
We have a reputation for high-quality analyses and regulatory reporting of data collected during preclinical experiments as well as clinical trials of new and existing pharmaceutical products, typically working on 30-40 drug projects per year. Traditionally, the model-based analysis of clinical trial data was different from the modeling analysis offered by GastroPlus; the former relied more on statistical and semi-mechanistic models, whereas the latter is based on very detailed mechanistic models. Statistical models rely on direct observation and mathematical equations that are used to fit data collected across multiple studies along with describing the variability within and between patients. Mechanistic models are based on a detailed understanding of the human body and the chemistry of the drug and involve mathematical and scientific representation of the phenomena involved in drug dissolution/precipitation, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination. Collectively, the models guide drug formulation design and dose selection. Beginning in 2014, the U.S. F.D.A and other regulatory agencies began to emphasize the need to push mechanistic PBPK modeling and simulation into clinical pharmacology, and we have seen the benefit of having our clinical pharmacology team in the Cognigen division and our scientists in our Lancaster, California (Simulations Plus) division working together to achieve this goal.
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
Development of our software is focused on expanding product lines, designing enhancements to our core technologies, and integrating existing and new products into our principal software architecture and platform technologies. We intend to continue to offer regular updates to our products and to continue to look for opportunities to expand our existing suite of products and services.
To date, we have developed products internally, sometimes also licensing or acquiring products, or portions of products, from third parties. These arrangements sometimes require that we pay royalties to third parties. We intend to continue to license or otherwise acquire technology or products from third parties when it makes business sense to do so. We currently have one license agreement, with BIOVIA (formerly known as Accelrys, Inc.), a San Diego division of Dassault Systemes in France, pursuant to which a small royalty is paid to BIOVIA from revenues on each license for the Metabolite module in ADMET Predictor. This license agreement continues in perpetuity and either party has the right to terminate it.
In 1997 we entered into an exclusive software licensing agreement with TSRL, Inc. (aka Therapeutic Systems Research Laboratories) (TSRL), pursuant to which TSRL licensed certain software technology and databases to us, and we paid royalties to TSRL. On May 15, 2014, we and TSRL entered into a termination and nonassertion agreement pursuant to which the parties agreed to terminate the 1997 exclusive software licensing agreement. As a result, the Company obtained a perpetual right to use certain source code and data, and TSRL relinquished any rights and claims to any GastroPlus products and to any claims to royalties or other payments under that agreement, and we agreed to pay TSRL total consideration of $6,000,000. All payments have now been made as of April 2017. Our payment obligation is being amortized at a constant rate of $150,000 per quarter until it is completely amortized, after which no further expense will be incurred. To date, this has resulted in expense savings over $950,000 compared to the royalty payments that would have been paid to TSRL if paid consistent with past practices.
MARKETING AND DISTRIBUTION
We distribute our products and offer our services in North America, South America, Europe, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, India, Singapore, Taiwan, and the People’s Republic of China.
We market our pharmaceutical software and consulting services through attendance and presentations at scientific meetings, exhibits at trade shows, seminars at pharmaceutical companies and government agencies, through our website, and using various communication channels to our database of prospects and customers. At various scientific meetings around the world each year there are numerous presentations and posters presented in which the reported research was performed using our software. Many of these presentations are from industry and FDA scientists; some are from our staff. In addition, more than 50 peer-reviewed scientific journal articles, posters, and podium presentations are typically published each year using our software, mostly by our customers, further supporting its use in a wide range of preclinical and clinical studies.
Our sales and marketing efforts are handled primarily internally with our scientific team and several senior management staff assisting our marketing and sales staff with trade shows, seminars, and customer trainings both online and on-site. We believe that this is more effective than a completely separate sales team for several reasons: (1) customers appreciate talking directly with software developers and consulting scientists who can answer a wide range of in-depth technical questions about methods and features; (2) our scientists and engineers gain an appreciation for the customer’s environment and problems; and (3) we believe the relationships we build through scientist-to-scientist contact are stronger than relationships built through salesperson-to-scientist contacts. We also have one independent distributor in Japan and two independent representatives in China who also sell and market our products with support from our scientists and engineers.
We provide support to the GastroPlus User Group in Japan, which was organized by Japanese researchers in 2009. In early 2013, a group of scientists in Europe and North America organized another GastroPlus User Group following the example set in Japan. Nearly 1,000 members have joined this group to date. We support this group through coordination of online meetings each month and managing the user group web site for exchange of information among members. These user groups provide us valuable feedback with respect to desired new features and suggested interface changes.
PRODUCTION
Our pharmaceutical software products are designed and developed by our development teams in California (Lancaster, Guerneville, San Jose, and San Diego), North Carolina (Research Triangle Park), and New York (Buffalo). In addition, our Chief Executive Officer works primarily from Auburn, Alabama. Our products and services are now delivered electronically – we no longer provide CD-ROMs and printed manuals or reports.
COMPETITION
In our pharmaceutical software and services business, we compete against a number of established companies that provide screening, testing and research services, and products that are not based on simulation software. There are also software companies whose products do not compete directly with, but are sometimes closely related to, ours. Our competitors in this field include some companies with financial, personnel, research, and marketing resources that are larger than ours. Our management believes there is currently no significant competitive threat to GastroPlus; however, in spite of a high barrier to entry, one could be developed over time. Our new PKPlus software product will compete with one major and a few minor software programs; however, the capabilities and design features of PKPlus, along with more affordable licensing, are expected to generate significant interest. MedChem Studio, MedChem Designer, and ADMET Predictor/ADMET Modeler operate in a more competitive environment. Several other companies presently offer simulation or modeling software, or simulation-software-based services, to the pharmaceutical industry. We believe DILIsym and NAFLDsym enjoy a unique market position, with no significant competition.
Major pharmaceutical companies conduct drug discovery and development efforts through their internal development staffs and through outsourcing. Smaller companies generally need to outsource a greater percentage of this research. Thus, we compete not only with other software suppliers, but also with the in-house development teams at some of the larger pharmaceutical companies.
Although competitive products exist, both new licenses and license renewals for GastroPlus have continued to grow. We believe that we enjoy a dominant market share in this segment. We believe our ADMET Predictor/ADMET Modeler, MedChem Studio, MedChem Designer, DDDPlus, MembranePlus, PKPlus, KIWI, DILIsym, and NAFLDsym software offerings are each unique in their combination of capabilities and we intend to continue to market them aggressively.
We believe the key factors in our ability to successfully compete in this field are our ability to: (1) continue to invest in research and development, and develop and support industry-leading simulation and modeling software and related products and services to effectively predict activities and ADMET-related behaviors of new drug-like compounds, (2) design new molecules with acceptable activity and ADMET properties, (3) develop and maintain a proprietary database of results of physical experiments that serve as a basis for simulated studies and empirical models, (4) attract and retain a highly skilled scientific and engineering team, (5) aggressively our products and services to our global market, and (6) develop and maintain relationships with research and development departments of pharmaceutical companies, universities, and government agencies.
In addition, we actively seek strategic acquisitions to expand the pharmaceutical software and services business and to explore opportunities in aerospace and general healthcare.
STRATEGY
Our business strategy is to do the things we need to do to promote growth both organically (i.e., by expanding our current products and services through in-house efforts) and by acquisition. We believe in the “Built to Last” approach - that the fundamental science and technologies that underlie our business units are the keys both to improving our existing products and to expanding the product line with new products that meet our various customers’ needs. We believe the continued growth of our pharmaceutical software and services business segment is the result of steadily increasing adoption of simulation and modeling software tools across the pharmaceutical industry, as well as the world-class expertise we offer as consultants to assist companies involved in the research and development of new medicines. We have received a continuing series of study contracts with pharmaceutical companies ranging from several of the largest in the world to a number of medium-sized and smaller companies in the U.S. and Europe.
On July 23, 2014, we signed a merger agreement with Cognigen Corporation of Buffalo, New York. The merger closed on September 2, 2014, and Cognigen became our wholly owned subsidiary. We believe the combination of Simulations Plus and Cognigen provides substantial future potential based on the complementary strengths of each of the companies.
In June 2017, Simulation Plus acquired DILIsym Services, Inc. (DILIsym) as a wholly owned subsidiary pursuant to a stock purchase agreement dated May 1, 2017. On June 1, 2017, the Company consummated the acquisition of all outstanding equity interests of DILIsym pursuant to the terms of the Stock Agreement, with DILIsym becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. We believe the combination of Simulations Plus and DILIsym provides substantial future potential based on the complementary strengths of each of the companies. The acquisition of DILIsym positions the Company as the leading provider of Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) modeling and simulations software and contract research services.In addition to the DILIsym® software for analysis of potential drug-induced liver injury, DILIsym Services, Inc. also has developed a simulation program for analyzing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) called NAFLDsym™.
It is our intent to continue to search for acquisition opportunities that are compatible with our current businesses and that are accretive, i.e., adding to both revenues and earnings.
In the fiscal year ended August 31, 2017 we distributed $0.20 per share in dividends to our shareholders. In November 2017, we distributed a quarterly dividend of $0.06 per share. We anticipate future dividends to be $0.06 per share per quarter; however, there can be no assurances that such dividends will be distributed, or if so, whether the amounts will be more, less, or the same as expected. The Board of Directors must approve each quarterly dividend distribution and may decide to increase, decrease, or eliminate dividend distributions at any time.
Comparison of Three Months Ended November 30, 2017 and 2016.
The following table sets forth our condensed statements of operations (in thousands) and the percentages that such items bear to net sales (because of rounding, numbers may not foot):
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
11/30/17 | 11/30/16 | |||||||||||||||
Net revenues | $ | 7,069 | 100.0% | $ | 5,418 | 100.0% | ||||||||||
Cost of revenues | 1,736 | 24.6 | 1,336 | 24.7 | ||||||||||||
Gross profit | 5,333 | 75.4 | 4,082 | 75.3 | ||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | 2,409 | 34.1 | 1,864 | 34.4 | ||||||||||||
Research and development | 361 | 5.1 | 290 | 5.4 | ||||||||||||
Total operating expenses | 2,769 | 39.2 | 2,154 | 39.8 | ||||||||||||
Income from operations | 2,564 | 36.3 | 1,928 | 35.6 | ||||||||||||
Other income | (47 | ) | (0.7 | ) | 39 | 0.7 | ||||||||||
Income from operations before taxes | 2,517 | 35.6 | 1,967 | 36.3 | ||||||||||||
(Provision for) income taxes | (801 | ) | (11.3 | ) | (606 | ) | (11.2 | ) | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 1,716 | 24.3% | $ | 1,361 | 25.1% |
Net Revenues
Consolidated net revenues increased by 30.5% or $1.65 million to $7.07 million in the first fiscal quarter of Fiscal Year 2018 (“1QFY18”) from $5.42 million in the first fiscal quarter of Fiscal Year 2017 (“1QFY17”). Changes by division are as follows:
Consolidated software and software-related sales increased $342,000 or 10.0%, while consolidated consulting and analytical study revenues increased $1.31 million or 65.3% over 1QFY17.
Cost of Revenues
Consolidated cost of revenues increased by $400,000, or 29.9%, in 1QFY18 to $1.74 million from $1.34 million in 1QFY17. Labor-related cost accounted for $262,000 of this increase, a combination of increased labor count, salary increases, and bonuses at our subsidiaries based on increased earnings. Included in the increase was $139,000 of salary expense at DILIsym. Other significant increases in cost of revenues included $97,000 of direct contract expenses paid for testing at DILIsym, and approximately $119,000 of increased training related expenses as well as an additional $79,000 of amortization expense associated with acquired technologies associated with DILIsym’s drug-induced liver injury technologies.
Cost of Revenues as a percentage of revenue remained fairly constant decreasing by 0.1% in 1QFY18 to 24.6% as compared to 24.7% in 1QFY17.
Gross Profit
Consolidated gross margin increased $1.25 million or 30.7%, to $5.33 million in 1QFY18 from $4.08 million in 1QFY17. $318,000 of this increase is from the California division, which showed an 82.4% gross margin. The Buffalo Division Gross margins increased $139,000 or 13.0% with margins of 63.1%, and DILIsym of North Carolina showed $794,000, a 71.2% margin.
Overall gross margin remained fairly constant increasing by 0.1% to 75.4% in 1QFY18 from 75.3.9% in 1QFY17.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general, and administrative (SG&A) expenses increased $545,000, or 29.2% to $2.41 million in 1QFY18 from $1.86 million in 1QFY17. As a percent of revenues, SG&A was 34.1% for 1QFY18, compared to 29.2% in 1QFY17.
The major increases in SG&A expense were:
The major decreases in SG&A expense were:
Research and Development
Total research and development cost increased $343,000 in 1QFY18 compared to 1QFY17. In 1QFY18 we incurred approximately $868,000 of research and development costs, of this amount, $507,000 was capitalized and $361,000 was expensed. In 1QFY17 we incurred approximately $525,000 of research and development costs, of this amount, $235,000 was capitalized and $290,000 was expensed.
Other income (expense)
Other income was an expense of $47,000 compared to income of $39,000 in 1QFY17, a decrease of $86,000. Foreign currency exchange accounted for $47,000, the change mainly due to the yen strengthening in relation to the US dollar. An additional $38,000 of imputed interest expense associated with acquisition-related liabilities was the other major change.
Provision for Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes was $801,000 for 1QFY18 compared to $606,000 for 1QFY17. Our effective tax rate increased 1.0% to 31.8% in 1QFY18 from 30.8% in 1QFY17. The increase is a result of fewer tax deductions for stock based compensation in 1QFY18.
Net Income
Net income increased by $354,000, or 26.0%, in 1QFY18 to $1.72 million from $1.36 million in 1QFY17. Net earnings from our Lancaster division were up $33,000 or 3.1% to $1.11 million in 1QFY18. Net earnings for our Buffalo division were up $49,000 or 17.7% to $281,000 in 1QFY18. DILIsym (No. Carolina) net earnings were $272,000 for 1QFY17.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our principal sources of capital have been cash flows from our operations. We have achieved continuous positive operating cash flow over the last ten fiscal years. We believe that our existing capital and anticipated funds from operations will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures for the foreseeable future. Thereafter, if cash generated from operations is insufficient to satisfy our capital requirements, we may open a revolving line of credit with a bank, or we may have to sell additional equity or debt securities or obtain expanded credit facilities. In the event such financing is needed in the future, there can be no assurance that such financing will be available to us, or, if available, that it will be in amounts and on terms acceptable to us. If cash flows from operations became insufficient to continue operations at the current level, and if no additional financing was obtained, then management would restructure the Company in a way to preserve its pharmaceutical business while maintaining expenses within operating cash flows.
Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
As of November 30, 2017May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2017,2019, we had cash and cash equivalents of $7.05$7.35 million and $6.22$11.44 million, respectively. We do not hold any investments that are exposed to market risk relateddue to changes in interest rates, which could adversely affect the value of our assets and liabilities, andliabilities. In addition, we do not hold any instruments for trading purposes and investment. Some of our cash and cash equivalents are held in money market accounts; however, they are not exposed to market rate risk.
In the three and nine months ended November 30, 2017May 31, 2020 and 2016,2019, we sold $580,000$1,453,000 and $554,000,$1,402,000 and $3,800,000 and $3,273,000, respectively, of software through representatives in certain Asian markets in local currencies. As a result, our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows can be affected by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, particularly fluctuations in the yen and RMB exchange rates. These transactions give rise to receivables that are denominated in currencies other than the entity’s functional currency. The value of these receivables are subject to changes because the receivables may become worth more or less due to changes in currency exchange rates. The majority of our software license agreements are denominated in U.S. dollars. We record foreign gains and losses as they are realized. We mitigate our risk from foreign currency fluctuations by adjusting prices in our foreign markets on a periodic basis. We base these changes on market conditions while working closely with our representatives. We do not hedge currencies or enter into derivative contracts.
Item 4.Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of November 30, 2017. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on this evaluation, management concluded as of November 30, 2017, that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
No change in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) occurred during the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Item 6. |
We are not a party to any legal proceedings and are not aware of any pending legal proceedings of any kind.
Please carefully consider the information set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the risk factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended August 31, 2017, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, as well as other risks and uncertainties, could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition, which in turn could materially and adversely affect the trading price of shares of our Common Stock. Additional risks not currently known or currently material to us may also harm our business.
None.
None.
N/A
N/A
________________________
* | Filed herewith |
** | Furnished herewith |
In accordance with Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Lancaster, State of California, on January 9, 2018.July 24, 2020.
Simulations Plus, Inc. | ||
Date: | By:/s/John R Kneisel | |
John R. Kneisel |
Chief Financial Officer |