0001692819 vistra:AssetClosureSegmentMember 2019-04-01 2019-06-30
Table of Contents



UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549



FORM 10-Q
FORM
10-Q


QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934


FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 20192020

— OR —

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from __ to __


Commission File Number 001-38086


Vistra Corp.
Vistra Energy Corp.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware36-4833255
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
6555 Sierra Drive,Irving,Texas75039(214)812-4600
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Delaware 36-4833255
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
       
6555 Sierra DriveIrving,Texas75039 (214)812-4600
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code) (Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each ClassTrading Symbol(s)Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common stock, par value $0.01 per shareVSTNew York Stock Exchange
WarrantsVST.WS.ANew York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes     No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).   Yes     No



Table of Contents

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company"company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer   Accelerated filer   Non-Accelerated filer Smaller reporting company   Emerging growth company 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. 

Indicate by check mark ifwhether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).   Yes   No

As of July 31, 2019,2020, there were 491,679,984488,780,072 shares of common stock, par value $0.01, outstanding of Vistra Energy Corp.


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS



Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
PART I.
Item 1.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
PART II.
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Item 5.
Item 6.

Vistra Energy Corp.'s (Vistra Energy)(Vistra) annual reports, quarterly reports, current reports and any amendments to those reports are made available to the public, free of charge, on the Vistra Energy website at http://www.vistraenergy.comwww.vistracorp.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after they have been filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Additionally, Vistra Energy posts important information, including press releases, investor presentations, sustainability reports, and notices of upcoming events on its website and utilizes its website as a channel of distribution to reach public investors and as a means of disclosing material non-public information for complying with disclosure obligations under Regulation FD. Investors may be notified of posting to the website by signing up for email alerts and RSS feeds on the "Investor Relations" page of Vistra Energy'sVistra's website. The information on Vistra Energy'sVistra's website shall not be deemed a part of, or incorporated by reference into, this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. The representations and warranties contained in any agreement that we have filed as an exhibit to this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, or that we have or may publicly file in the future, may contain representations and warranties that may (i) be made by and to the parties thereto at specific dates, (ii) be subject to exceptions and qualifications contained in separate disclosure schedules, (iii) represent the parties' risk allocation in the particular transaction, or (iv) be qualified by materiality standards that differ from what may be viewed as material for securities law purposes.

This quarterly report on Form 10-Q and other Securities and Exchange Commission filings of Vistra Energy and its subsidiaries occasionally make references to Vistra Energy (or "we," "our," "us" or "the Company"), Luminant, TXU Energy, Ambit, Value Based Brands, LLC, Dynegy Energy Services, or Homefield Energy, TriEagle Energy, Public Power or U.S. Gas & Electric, when describing actions, rights or obligations of their respective subsidiaries. These references reflect the fact that the subsidiaries are consolidated with, or otherwise reflected in, their respective parent company'sthe Vistra financial statements for financial reporting purposes. However, these references should not be interpreted to imply that the parent company is actually undertaking the action or has the rights or obligations of the relevant subsidiary company or vice versa.


i


GLOSSARY

When the following terms and abbreviations appear in the text of this report, they have the meanings indicated below.
ARO2019 Form 10-KVistra's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, filed with the SEC on February 28, 2020
AmbitAmbit Holdings, LLC, and/or its subsidiaries (d/b/a Ambit), depending on context
AROasset retirement and mining reclamation obligation
CAAClean Air Act
CAISOThe California Independent System Operator
CCGTCARES ActCoronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act
CCGTcombined cycle gas turbine
CMECFTCU.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission
CMEChicago Mercantile Exchange
CO2
carbon dioxide
CPUCCalifornia Public Utilities Commission
CriusCrius Energy Trust and/or its subsidiaries, depending on context
DynegyDynegy Inc., and/or its subsidiaries, depending on context
Dynegy Energy ServicesDynegy Energy Services, LLC and Dynegy Energy Services (East), LLC (d/(each d/b/a Dynegy, Better Buy Energy, Brighten Energy, Honor Energy and Brighten Energy)True Fit Energy, respectively), indirect, wholly owned subsidiaries of Vistra, Energy, that are REPs in certain areas of MISO and PJM, respectively, and are engaged in the retail sale of electricity to residential and business customers.
EBITDAearnings (net income) before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization
Effective DateOctober 3, 2016, the date our predecessor completed its reorganization under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code
Emergenceemergence of our predecessor from reorganization under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code as subsidiaries of a newly formed company, Vistra, Energy, on the Effective Date
EPAU.S. Environmental Protection Agency
ERCOTElectric Reliability Council of Texas, Inc.
ESSenergy storage system
Exchange ActSecurities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
FERCU.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
GAAPgenerally accepted accounting principles
GWhGHGgigawatt-hoursgreenhouse gas
GWhgigawatt-hours
Homefield EnergyIllinois Power Marketing Company (d/b/a Homefield Energy), an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Vistra, Energy, a REP in certain areas of MISO that is engaged in the retail sale of electricity to municipal customers
ICEIntercontinentalExchangeIntercontinental Exchange
IRSIRCInternal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
IRSU.S. Internal Revenue Service
ISOIndependent System Operatorindependent system operator
ISO-NEIndependent System OperatorISO New England Inc.
LIBORLondon Interbank Offered Rate, an interest rate at which banks can borrow funds, in marketable size, from other banks in the London interbank market
loaddemand for electricity
LTSAlong-term service agreements for plant maintenance
Luminantsubsidiaries of Vistra Energy engaged in competitive market activities consisting of electricity generation and wholesale energy sales and purchases as well as commodity risk management
ii

market heat rateHeat rate is a measure of the efficiency of converting a fuel source to electricity. Market heat rate is the implied relationship between wholesale electricity prices and natural gas prices and is calculated by dividing the wholesale market price of electricity, which is based on the price offer of the marginal supplier (generally natural gas plants), by the market price of natural gas.
Mergerthe merger of Dynegy with and into Vistra, Energy, with Vistra Energy as the surviving corporation
Merger Agreementthe Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of October 29, 2017, by and between Vistra Energy and Dynegy as it may be amended or modified from time to time
Merger DateApril 9, 2018, the date Vistra Energy and Dynegy completed the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement
MISOMidcontinent Independent System Operator, Inc.
MMBtumillion British thermal units

ii


Moody's
Moody'sMoody's Investors Service, Inc. (a credit rating agency)
MWMSHAmegawattsU.S. Mine Safety and Health Administration
MWhMWmegawatts
MWhmegawatt-hours
NELPNortheast Energy, LP, a joint venture between Dynegy Northeast Generation GP, Inc. and Dynegy Northeast Associates LP, Inc., both indirect subsidiaries of Vistra, and certain subsidiaries of NextEra Energy, Inc. NELP indirectly owned Bellingham NEA facility and the Sayreville facility.
NELP Transactiona transaction among Dynegy Northeast Generation GP, Inc., Dynegy Northeast Associates LP, Inc. and certain subsidiaries of NextEra Energy, Inc. wherein the indirect subsidiaries of Vistra redeemed their ownership interest in NELP partnership in exchange for 100% ownership interest in NJEA, the entity which owns the Sayreville facility.
NERCNorth American Electric Reliability Corporation
NJEANorth Jersey Energy Associates, a Limited Partnership
NOX
nitrogen oxide
NRCU.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
NYMEXNYISONew York Independent System Operator, Inc.
NYMEXthe New York Mercantile Exchange, a commodity derivatives exchange
NYISOOPEBNew York Independent System Operator
OPEBpostretirement employee benefits other than pensions
ParentVistra Energy Corp.
PJMPJM Interconnection, LLC
Plan of ReorganizationThird Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization filed by the parent company of our predecessor in August 2016 and confirmed by the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware in August 2016 solely with respect to our predecessor
PrefCoVistra Preferred Inc.
PrefCo Preferred Stock Saleas part of the Spin-Off,tax-free spin-off from Energy Future Holdings Corp., executed pursuant to the Plan of Reorganization on the Effective Date by our predecessor, the contribution of certain of the assets of our predecessor and its subsidiaries by a subsidiary of TEX Energy LLC to PrefCo in exchange for all of PrefCo's authorized preferred stock, consisting of 70,000 shares, par value $0.01 per share
PUCTPublic PowerPublic Power, LLC (d/b/a Public Power), an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Vistra, a REP in certain areas of PJM, NYISO, ISO-NE and MISO that is engaged in the retail sale of electricity to residential and business customers
PUCTPublic Utility Commission of Texas
REPretail electric provider
RCTRailroad Commission of Texas, which among other things, has oversight of lignite mining activity in Texas
RTOregional transmission organization
S&PStandard & Poor's Ratings (a credit rating agency)
SECU.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
Securities ActSecurities Act of 1933, as amended
SO2
sulfur dioxide
iii

Tax Matters AgreementTax Matters Agreement, dated as of the Effective Date, by and among Energy Future Holdings Corp. (EFH Corp.), Energy Future Intermediate Holding Company LLC, EFIH Finance Inc. and EFH Merger Co. LLC
TCEHTexas Competitive Electric Holdings Company LLC, a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of Energy Future Competitive Holdings Company LLC, and, prior to the Effective Date, the parent company of our predecessor, depending on context, that were engaged in electricity generation and wholesale and retail energy market activities, and whose major subsidiaries included Luminant and TXU Energy
TCEQTexas Commission on Environmental Quality
TRATax ReceivableReceivables Agreement, containing certain rights (TRA Rights) to receive payments from Vistra Energy related to certain tax benefits, including those itbenefits realized as a result of certain transactions entered into at Emergence (see Note 8 to the Financial Statements)
TWhTREterawatt-hoursTexas Reliability Entity, Inc., an independent organization that develops reliability standards for the ERCOT region and monitors and enforces compliance with NERC standards and monitors compliance with ERCOT protocols
TXUTriEagle EnergyTXUTriEagle Energy, Retail Company LLC,LP (d/b/a TriEagle Energy, TriEagle Energy Services, Eagle Energy, Energy Rewards, Power House Energy and Viridian Energy), an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Vistra, a REP in certain areas of ERCOT and PJM that is engaged in the retail sale of electricity to residential and business customers
TWhterawatt-hours
TXU EnergyTXU Energy Retail Company LLC (d/b/a TXU), an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Vistra that is a REP in competitive areas of ERCOT and is engaged in the retail sale of electricity to residential and business customers
U.S.United States of America
U.S. Gas & ElectricU.S. Gas and Electric, Inc. (d/b/a USG&E, Illinois Gas & Electric and ILG&E), an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Vistra, a REP in certain areas of PJM, NYISO, ISO-NE and MISO that is engaged in the retail sale of electricity to residential and business customers
Value Based BrandsValue Based Brands LLC (d/b/a 4Change, 4Change Energy and Express Energy), an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Vistra Energy that is a REP in competitive areas of ERCOT and is engaged in the retail sale of electricity to residential and business customers
Vistra EnergyVistra Energy Corp. and/or its subsidiaries, depending on contextcontext. Effective July 2, 2020, Vistra Energy Corp. changed its name to Vistra Corp.
Vistra IntermediateVistra Intermediate Company LLC, a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of Vistra Energy
Vistra OperationsVistra Operations Company LLC, an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Vistra Energy that is the issuer of certain series of notes (see Note 11 to the Financial Statements) and borrower under the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities
Vistra Operations Credit FacilitiesVistra Operations Company LLC's $6.523$5.311 billion senior secured financing facilities (see Note 11 to the Financial Statements).


iii
iv


PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Item 1.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

VISTRA ENERGY CORP.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONSOLIDATED INCOME (LOSS)OPERATIONS
(Unaudited) (Millions of Dollars, Except Per Share Amounts)
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2020201920202019
Operating revenues (Note 5)$2,509  $2,832  $5,367  $5,755  
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees(1,029) (1,139) (2,362) (2,600) 
Operating costs(412) (370) (792) (755) 
Depreciation and amortization(455) (384) (875) (790) 
Selling, general and administrative expenses(236) (210) (488) (392) 
Impairment of long-lived assets (Note 18)—  —  (84) —  
Operating income377  729  766  1,218  
Other income (Note 18) 13  12  39  
Other deductions (Note 18)(4) (2) (35) (5) 
Interest expense and related charges (Note 18)(141) (274) (440) (495) 
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement (Note 8)(6) 33  (14) 36  
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated investment   10  
Income before income taxes232  502  293  803  
Income tax expense (Note 7)(68) (148) (84) (225) 
Net income$164  $354  $209  $578  
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest  13   
Net income attributable to Vistra$166  $356  $222  $581  
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding:
Basic488,680,442  499,778,235  488,312,503  499,213,522  
Diluted490,468,735  507,500,383  490,709,932  507,248,920  
Net income per weighted average share of common stock outstanding:
Basic$0.34  $0.71  $0.45  $1.16  
Diluted$0.34  $0.70  $0.45  $1.15  

Three Months Ended June 30,
Six Months Ended June 30,

2019
2018
2019
2018
Operating revenues (Note 5)$2,832

$2,574

$5,755

$3,338
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees(1,139)
(1,216)
(2,600)
(1,866)
Operating costs(370)
(386)
(755)
(580)
Depreciation and amortization(384)
(389)
(790)
(542)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(210)
(352)
(392)
(514)
Operating income (loss)729

231

1,218

(164)
Other income (Note 19)13

7

39

18
Other deductions (Note 19)(2)
(1)
(5)
(3)
Interest expense and related charges (Note 19)(274)
(146)
(495)
(137)
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement (Note 8)33

(64)
36

(82)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated investment3

4

10

4
Income (loss) before income taxes502

31

803

(364)
Income tax (expense) benefit (Note 7)(148)
74

(225)
163
Net income (loss)$354

$105

$578

$(201)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest2

3

3

3
Net income (loss) attributable to Vistra Energy$356

$108

$581

$(198)
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding:










Basic499,778,235
 526,332,862
 499,213,522
 477,662,016
Diluted507,500,383
 533,786,824
 507,248,920
 477,662,016
Net income (loss) per weighted average share of common stock outstanding:       
Basic$0.71
 $0.21
 $1.16
 $(0.41)
Diluted$0.70
 $0.20
 $1.15
 $(0.41)

See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONSOLIDATED COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(Unaudited) (Millions of Dollars)
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2020201920202019
Net income$164  $354  $209  $578  
Other comprehensive income, net of tax effects:
Effects related to pension and other retirement benefit obligations (net of tax benefit of $—, $—, $7 and $—) —  (22)  
Total other comprehensive income (loss) —  (22)  
Comprehensive income$165  $354  $187  $579  
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest  13   
Comprehensive income attributable to Vistra$167  $356  $200  $582  
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Net income (loss)$354
 $105
 $578
 $(201)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax effects:       
Effects related to pension and other retirement benefit obligations (net of tax benefit of $— in all periods)
 
 1
 1
Total other comprehensive income
 
 1
 1
Comprehensive income (loss)$354
 $105
 $579
 $(200)
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest2
 3
 3
 3
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Vistra Energy$356
 $108
 $582
 $(197)

See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

1
VISTRA ENERGY CORP.
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited) (Millions of Dollars)

Six Months Ended June 30,

2019
2018




Cash flows — operating activities:


Net income (loss)$578

$(201)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash provided by (used in) operating activities:


Depreciation and amortization886

619
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense, net217

(159)
Unrealized net (gain) loss from mark-to-market valuations of commodities(703)
199
Unrealized net (gain) loss from mark-to-market valuations of interest rate swaps199

(86)
Asset retirement obligation accretion expense27

44
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement (Note 8)(36)
82
Stock-based compensation24

59
Other, net73

(6)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:


Margin deposits, net112

(61)
Accrued interest6

(74)
Accrued taxes(67)
(112)
Accrued employee incentive(72)
(31)
Other operating assets and liabilities(362)
(302)
Cash provided by (used in) operating activities882

(29)
Cash flows — financing activities:


Issuances of long-term debt (Note 11)4,600


Repayments/repurchases of debt (Note 11)(4,137)
(1,338)
Net borrowings under accounts receivable securitization program (Note 10)91


Stock repurchase (Note 14)(457)
(63)
Dividends paid to stockholders (Note 14)(120)

Debt tender offer and other financing fees (Note 11)(146)
(46)
Other, net(1)
4
Cash used in financing activities(170)
(1,443)
Cash flows — investing activities:


Capital expenditures, including LTSA prepayments(247)
(153)
Nuclear fuel purchases(20)
(28)
Development and growth expenditures(36)
(21)
Cash acquired in the Merger

445
Proceeds from sales of nuclear decommissioning trust fund securities (Note 19)292

93
Investments in nuclear decommissioning trust fund securities (Note 19)(302)
(103)
Proceeds from sale of environmental allowances31
 
Purchases of environmental allowances(138) (1)
Other, net21

10
Cash (used in) provided by investing activities(399)
242






Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash313

(1,230)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash — beginning balance693

2,046
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash — ending balance$1,006

$816


VISTRA CORP.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited) (Millions of Dollars)
Six Months Ended June 30,
20202019
Cash flows — operating activities:
Net income$209  $578  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization1,022  886  
Deferred income tax expense, net73  217  
Impairment of long-lived assets (Note 18)84  —  
Loss on disposal of investment in NELP (Note 18)29  —  
Unrealized net gain from mark-to-market valuations of commodities(123) (703) 
Unrealized net loss from mark-to-market valuations of interest rate swaps192  199  
Asset retirement obligation accretion expense23  27  
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement (Note 8)14  (36) 
Stock-based compensation30  24  
Other, net55  73  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Margin deposits, net58  112  
Accrued interest(6)  
Accrued taxes(59) (67) 
Accrued employee incentive(70) (72) 
Other operating assets and liabilities(222) (362) 
Cash provided by operating activities1,309  882  
Cash flows — investing activities:
Capital expenditures, including nuclear fuel purchases and LTSA prepayments(588) (303) 
Proceeds from sales of nuclear decommissioning trust fund securities (Note 18)224  292  
Investments in nuclear decommissioning trust fund securities (Note 18)(234) (302) 
Proceeds from sales of environmental allowances88  31  
Purchases of environmental allowances(173) (138) 
Other, net30  21  
Cash used in investing activities(653) (399) 
Cash flows — financing activities:
Issuances of long-term debt (Note 11)—  4,600  
Repayments/repurchases of debt (Note 11)(756) (4,137) 
Net borrowings under accounts receivable securitization program (Note 10)—  91  
Borrowings under Revolving Credit Facility (Note 11)925  —  
Repayments under Revolving Credit Facility (Note 11)(725) —  
Stock repurchase (Note 13)—  (457) 
Dividends paid to stockholders (Note 13)(132) (120) 
Debt tender offer and other financing fees (Note 11)(10) (146) 
Other, net—  (1) 
Cash used in financing activities(698) (170) 
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(42) 313  
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash — beginning balance475  693  
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash — ending balance$433  $1,006  

See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

2

VISTRA ENERGY CORP.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited) (Millions of Dollars)
 June 30,
2019
 December 31,
2018
ASSETS   
Current assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents$964
 $636
Restricted cash (Note 19)42
 57
Trade accounts receivable — net (Note 19)1,101
 1,087
Inventories (Note 19)476
 412
Commodity and other derivative contractual assets (Note 16)1,418
 730
Margin deposits related to commodity contracts253
 361
Prepaid expense and other current assets285
 152
Total current assets4,539
 3,435
Investments (Note 19)1,422
 1,250
Investment in unconsolidated subsidiary (Note 19)127
 131
Property, plant and equipment — net (Note 19)14,260
 14,612
Operating lease right-of-use assets (Note 12)34
 
Goodwill (Note 6)2,082
 2,068
Identifiable intangible assets — net (Note 6)2,383
 2,493
Commodity and other derivative contractual assets (Note 16)124
 109
Accumulated deferred income taxes1,144
 1,336
Other noncurrent assets405
 590
Total assets$26,520
 $26,024
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY   
Current liabilities:   
Accounts receivable securitization program (Note 10)$430
 $339
Long-term debt due currently (Note 11)161
 191
Trade accounts payable782
 945
Commodity and other derivative contractual liabilities (Note 16)1,514
 1,376
Margin deposits related to commodity contracts8
 4
Accrued income taxes12
 10
Accrued taxes other than income115
 182
Accrued interest82
 77
Asset retirement obligations (Note 19)232
 156
Operating lease liabilities (Note 12)13
 
Other current liabilities308
 345
Total current liabilities3,657
 3,625
Long-term debt, less amounts due currently (Note 11)11,193
 10,874
Operating lease liabilities (Note 12)40
 
Commodity and other derivative contractual liabilities (Note 16)404
 270
Accumulated deferred income taxes10
 10
Tax Receivable Agreement obligation (Note 8)384
 420
Asset retirement obligations (Note 19)2,133
 2,217
Identifiable intangible liabilities — net (Note 6)331
 401
Other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits (Note 19)464
 340
Total liabilities18,616
 18,157


VISTRA CORP.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited) (Millions of Dollars)
June 30,
2020
December 31,
2019
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$382  $300  
Restricted cash (Note 18)27  147  
Trade accounts receivable — net (Note 18)1,272  1,365  
Inventories (Note 18)541  469  
Commodity and other derivative contractual assets (Note 15)1,350  1,333  
Margin deposits related to commodity contracts161  202  
Prepaid expense and other current assets304  298  
Total current assets4,037  4,114  
Restricted cash (Note 18)24  28  
Investments (Note 18)1,552  1,537  
Investment in unconsolidated subsidiary (Note 18)—  124  
Property, plant and equipment — net (Note 18)13,881  13,914  
Operating lease right-of-use assets44  44  
Goodwill (Note 6)2,568  2,553  
Identifiable intangible assets — net (Note 6)2,532  2,748  
Commodity and other derivative contractual assets (Note 15)277  136  
Accumulated deferred income taxes994  1,066  
Other noncurrent assets398  352  
Total assets$26,307  $26,616  
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Short-term borrowings (Note 11)$550  $350  
Accounts receivable securitization program (Note 10)450  450  
Long-term debt due currently (Note 11)337  277  
Trade accounts payable879  947  
Commodity and other derivative contractual liabilities (Note 15)1,546  1,529  
Margin deposits related to commodity contracts15   
Accrued income taxes10   
Accrued taxes other than income133  200  
Accrued interest144  151  
Asset retirement obligations (Note 18)138  141  
Operating lease liabilities11  14  
Other current liabilities418  506  
Total current liabilities4,631  4,574  
Long-term debt, less amounts due currently (Note 11)9,261  10,102  
Operating lease liabilities37  41  
Commodity and other derivative contractual liabilities (Note 15)599  396  
Accumulated deferred income taxes  
Tax Receivable Agreement obligation (Note 8)468  455  
Asset retirement obligations (Note 18)2,314  2,097  
VISTRA ENERGY CORP.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited) (Millions of Dollars)
 June 30,
2019
 December 31,
2018
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 13)


 


Total equity (Note 14):   
Common stock (par value — $0.01; number of shares authorized — 1,800,000,000)
(shares outstanding: June 30, 2019 — 476,166,856; December 31, 2018 — 493,215,309)
5
 5
Additional paid-in-capital8,909
 9,329
Retained deficit(989) (1,449)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(21) (22)
Stockholders' equity7,904
 7,863
Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary
 4
Total equity7,904
 7,867
Total liabilities and equity$26,520
 $26,024
3

VISTRA CORP.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited) (Millions of Dollars)
June 30,
2020
December 31,
2019
Other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits (Note 18)951  989  
Total liabilities18,263  18,656  
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 12)
Total equity (Note 13):
Common stock (par value — $0.01; number of shares authorized — 1,800,000,000)
(shares outstanding: June 30, 2020 — 488,772,572; December 31, 2019 — 487,698,111)
  
Treasury stock, at cost (shares: June 30, 2020 — 41,043,224; December 31, 2019 — 41,043,224)(973) (973) 
Additional paid-in-capital9,754  9,721  
Retained deficit(678) (764) 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(52) (30) 
Stockholders' equity8,056  7,959  
Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary(12)  
Total equity8,044  7,960  
Total liabilities and equity$26,307  $26,616  


See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

4

VISTRA ENERGY CORP.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

1.BUSINESS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
1.BUSINESS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Description of Business

References in this report to "we," "our," "us" and "the Company" are to Vistra Energy and/or its subsidiaries, as apparent in the context. See Glossary for defined terms.

Vistra Energy is a holding company operating an integrated retail and electric power generation business primarily in markets throughout the U.S. Through our subsidiaries, we are engaged in competitive electricityenergy market activities including power generation, wholesale energy sales and purchases, commodity risk management and retail sales of electricity and natural gas to end users. Effective July 2, 2020, we changed our name from Vistra Energy Corp. to Vistra Corp. (Vistra) to distinguish from companies that are involved in exploring for, producing, refining, or transporting fossil fuels (many of which use "energy" in their names) and to better reflect our integrated business model, which combines a retail electricity and natural gas business focused on serving its customers with new and innovative products and services and an electric power generation business powering the communities we serve with safe, reliable power.

Vistra Energy has six6 reportable segments: (i) Retail, (ii) ERCOT, (iii) PJM, (iv) NY/NE (comprising NYISO and ISO-NE), (v) MISO and (vi) Asset Closure. See Note 1817 for further information concerning reportable business segments.

Acquisition of CriusAmbit Transaction

On July 15,November 1, 2019, an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Vistra Energy completed the acquisition of the equity interests of two wholly owned subsidiaries of Crius that indirectly own the operating business of Crius (CriusAmbit (Ambit Transaction). Because the CriusAmbit Transaction closed on July 15,November 1, 2019, Vistra Energy's condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes related thereto for the period ending June 30, 2019 do not include the financial condition or the operating results of Crius and its subsidiaries. See Note 2 for a summary of the Crius Transaction.

Dynegy Merger Transaction

On the Merger Date, Vistra Energy and Dynegy completed the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Dynegy merged with and into Vistra Energy, with Vistra Energy continuing as the surviving corporation. Because the Merger closed on April 9, 2018, Vistra Energy'sVistra's condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes related thereto do not include the financial condition or the operating results of DynegyAmbit and its subsidiaries prior to April 9, 2018.November 1, 2019. See Note 2 for a summary of the Merger transactionAmbit Transaction.

Crius Transaction

On July 15, 2019, an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Vistra completed the acquisition of the equity interests of two wholly owned subsidiaries of Crius that indirectly owned the operating business of Crius (Crius Transaction). Because the Crius Transaction closed on July 15, 2019, Vistra's condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes related thereto do not include the financial condition or the operating results of Crius and its subsidiaries prior to July 15, 2019. See Note 2 for a summary of the Crius Transaction.

COVID-19 Pandemic

In March 2020, the World Health Organization categorized the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) as a pandemic, and the President of the United States (the President) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a national emergency. The U.S. government has deemed electricity generation, transmission and distribution as “critical infrastructure” providing essential services during this global emergency. As a provider of critical infrastructure, Vistra has an obligation to provide critically needed power to homes, businesses, hospitals and other customers. Vistra remains focused on protecting the health and well-being of its employees and the communities in which it operates while assuring the continuity of its business combination accounting.operations.

The Company's condensed consolidated financial statements reflect estimates and assumptions made by management that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods presented. The Company considered the impact of COVID-19 on the assumptions and estimates used and determined that there have been no material adverse impacts on the Company's results of operations for the three or six months ended June 30, 2020.

In response to the global pandemic related to COVID-19, the President signed into law the CARES Act on March 27, 2020. See Note 7 for a summary of certain anticipated tax-related impacts of the CARES Act to the Company.

5

Basis of Presentation

The condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and on the same basis as the audited financial statements included in our annual report on2019 Form 10-K10-K. The condensed consolidated financial information herein reflects all adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary to fairly state the results for the year ended December 31, 2018. Adjustments (consistinginterim periods presented. All such adjustments are of a normal recurring accruals) necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations and financial position have been included therein.nature. All intercompany items and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Because the condensed consolidated interim financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP, they should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and related notes contained in our annual report on2019 Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.10-K. The results of operations for an interim period may not give a true indication of results for a full year. All dollar amounts in the financial statements and tables in the notes are stated in millions of U.S. dollars unless otherwise indicated.

Use of Estimates

Preparation of financial statements requires estimates and assumptions about future events that affect the reporting of assets and liabilities at the balance sheet dates and the reported amounts of revenue and expense, including fair value measurements, estimates of expected obligations, judgmentjudgments related to the potential timing of events and other estimates. In the event estimates and/or assumptions prove to be different from actual amounts, adjustments are made in subsequent periods to reflect more current information.


Leases

At the inception of a contract we determine if it is or contains a lease, which involves the contract conveying the right to control the use of explicitly or implicitly identified property, plant, or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

Right-of-use (ROU) assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date of the underlying lease based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. We use our secured incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date to determine the present value of lease payments. Operating leases are included in operating lease ROU assets, operating lease liabilities (current) and operating lease liabilities (noncurrent) on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Finance leases are included in property, plant and equipment, other current liabilities and other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Lease term includes options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise the option. We have elected the practical expedient which permits us to not reassess under the new standard our prior conclusion about lease classification and initial direct costs. We have also elected the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components for a majority of the lease asset classes. We have also elected the hindsight practical expedient to determine the lease term.

Leases with an initial lease term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet; we recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

We also present lessor sublease income on a net basis against the related lessee lease expense.

Adoption of New Accounting Standards

Leases — On January 1,In December 2019, we adoptedthe Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-02,2019-12, LeasesSimplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (Topic 842)740). The ASU enhances and allsimplifies various aspects of the income tax accounting guidance including the elimination of certain exceptions related amendments (new lease standard) using the modified retrospective method with the cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balanceapproach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of retained earningsdeferred tax liabilities for all contracts outstanding at the timeoutside basis differences. The new guidance also simplifies aspects of adoption. The comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standardsfor franchise taxes and enacted changes in effecttax laws or rates and clarifies the accounting for those periods.transactions that result in a step-up in the tax basis of goodwill. We expectadopted all provisions of this ASU in the first quarter of 2020, and it did not have a material impact of the adoption of the new lease standard to be immaterial toon our net income on an ongoing basis. The impact of adopting the new lease standard primarily relates to recognition of lease liabilities and ROU assets for all leases classified as operating leases. Under the new lease standard, each ROU asset will be amortized over the lease term and liability settled at the end of the lease term.financial statements.

We recognized the effect of initially applying the new lease standard by recording ROU assets of $85 million and lease liabilities of $123 million in our condensed consolidated balance sheet.

As of January 1, 2019, the cumulative effect of the changes made to our condensed consolidated balance sheet for the adoption of the new lease standard was as follows:
 December 31, 2018 Adoption of New Lease Standard 
January 1,
2019
Impact on condensed consolidated balance sheet:     
Assets     
Property, plant and equipment — net$14,612
 $15
 $14,627
Operating lease right-of-use assets
 70
 70
Prepaid expense and other current assets152
 (2) 150
Accumulated deferred income taxes1,336
 1
 1,337
Liabilities     
Other current liabilities345
 (1) 344
Operating lease liabilities
 109
 109
Identifiable intangible liabilities401
 (36) 365
Other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits340
 14
 354
Equity     
Retained deficit(1,449) (2) (1,451)


See Note 12 for the disclosures required by the new lease standard.


Changes in Accounting Standards

In August 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. The ASU will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and early adoption is permitted. The ASU removes disclosure requirements for (a) the reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2, (b) the policy for timing of transfers between levels and (c) the valuation processes for Level 3. The ASU will requirerequires new disclosures around (a) the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period and (b) the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. We are currently evaluating the impact ofadopted this ASU on our disclosures.in the first quarter of 2020, and the updated disclosures are included in Note 14.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract. The ASU will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and early adoption is permitted. The ASU requires a customer in a cloud hosting arrangement that is a service contract to determine which implementation costs to capitalize and which costs to expense based on the project stage of the implementation. The ASU also requires the customer to expense the capitalized implementation costs over the term of the hosting arrangement. The customer is required to apply the existing impairment and abandonment guidance on the capitalized implementation costs. We are currently evaluatingadopted this ASU in the impactfirst quarter of this ASU2020, and it did not have a material impact on our financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses. The ASU requires organizations to measure all expected credit losses for financial instruments held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. We adopted this ASU in the first quarter of 2020, and it did not have a material impact on our financial statements.

6

Changes in Accounting Standards

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. The ASU provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contract modifications and hedging relationships, subject to meeting certain criteria, that reference LIBOR or another rate that is expected to be discontinued. The amendments in the ASU are effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our financial statements.

In March 2020, the SEC amended Rule 3-10 of Regulation S-X regarding financial disclosure requirements for registered debt offerings involving subsidiaries as either issuers or guarantors and affiliates whose securities are pledged as collateral. This new guidance narrows the circumstances that require separate financial statements of subsidiary issuers and guarantors and streamlines the alternative disclosures required in lieu of those statements. This rule is effective January 4, 2021 with earlier adoption permitted. We elected to adopt this rule in the first quarter of 2020. Accordingly, summarized financial information has been presented only for the issuer and guarantors of the Company's registered debt securities, and the location of the required disclosures has been moved outside the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements and is provided in Part I, Item 2 Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations under Financial Condition - Guarantor Summary Financial Information.

2. ACQUISITION OF CRIUS, DYNEGYACQUISITIONS, MERGER TRANSACTION AND BUSINESS COMBINATION ACCOUNTING

Ambit Transaction

On November 1, 2019 (Ambit Acquisition Date), Volt Asset Company, Inc., an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of CriusVistra, completed the Ambit Transaction. Ambit is an energy retailer selling both electricity and natural gas products to residential and small business customers in 17 states. Vistra funded the purchase price of $555 million (including cash acquired and net working capital) using cash on hand. All of Ambit's outstanding debt was repaid from the purchase price at closing and not assumed by Vistra.

Crius Transaction

On July 15, 2019 (Acquisition(Crius Acquisition Date), Vienna Acquisition B.C. Ltd., an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Vistra, Energy, completed the acquisition of the equity interests of two wholly owned subsidiaries of Crius that indirectly own the operating business of Crius. Crius is an energy retailer selling both electricity and natural gas products to residential and small business customers in 19 statesstates. Vistra funded the purchase price of $400 million (including $382 million for outstanding trust units) using cash on hand. In addition, Vistra assumed $140 million of outstanding debt and acquired $26 million of cash at the Districtclosing of Columbia.the Crius Transaction.

TheAmbit and Crius Business Combination Accounting

We believe the Ambit Transaction is expected tohas (i) reduceaugmented Vistra's existing retail marketing capabilities with additional direct selling capability and a proprietary technology platform, (ii) reduced risk and expandaided expansion into higher margin channels by improving Vistra Energy'sVistra's match of its generation to load profile due to a high degree of overlap of Vistra's generation fleet with Vistra Energy'sAmbit's approximately 11 TWh of annual load, primarily in ERCOT and PJM and (iii) enhanced the integrated value proposition through collateral and transaction efficiencies, particularly via Ambit's retail electric portfolio.

We believe the Crius Transaction has (i) reduced risk and aided expansion into higher margin channels by improving Vistra's match of its generation to load profile due to a high degree of overlap of Vistra's generation fleet with Crius' approximately 11.610 TWh of annual electricity load, (ii) establishestablished a platform for future growth by leveraging Vistra Energy'sVistra's existing retail marketing capabilities and Crius' experienced team and (iii) enhanceenhanced the integrated value proposition through collateral and transaction efficiencies, particularly via Crius' retail electric portfolio.

7

TheEach of the Ambit Transaction and Crius Transaction, respectively, is being accounted for in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations (ASC 805), with identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed recorded at their estimated fair values on the Acquisition Date. Due to the limited time between theAmbit Acquisition Date and this filing, our purchase price allocation for the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed in the Merger has not been completed.Crius Acquisition Date, respectively. The combined results of operations of Crius will beare reported in our condensed consolidated financial statements beginning as of the respective Ambit Acquisition Date and Crius Acquisition Date. Vistra Energy fundedA summary of the techniques used to estimate the fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities, as well as their classification within the fair value hierarchy (see Note 14), is listed below:

Working capital was valued using available market information (Level 2).
Acquired derivatives were valued using the methods described in Note 14 (Level 2 or Level 3).
Acquired retail customer relationship was valued based on discounted cash flow analysis of acquired customers and estimated attrition rates (Level 3).
Crius' long-term debt was valued using a market approach (Level 2).

The following table summarizes the allocation of the purchase price of approximately $400 million (including $380 million for outstanding trust units) using cash on hand and assumption of Crius' net debt of approximately $111 million. Our initial accounting forto the purchase price allocationfair value amounts recognized for the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed related to the Ambit Transaction and Crius Transaction, respectively, as of the Ambit Acquisition Date and Crius Acquisition Date, respectively. The Ambit Transaction purchase price was $555 million (including cash acquired and net working capital), and the Crius Transaction purchase price was $400 million. The Ambit Transaction purchase price allocation is ongoing and is dependent upon final valuation determinations, which have not been completed. The Ambit Transaction preliminary values included below represent our current best estimates for identifiable intangible assets, goodwill and net working capital. The Ambit Transaction purchase price allocation is preliminary and each of the values included below may change materially based upon the receipt of more detailed information, additional analyses and completed valuations. The final purchase price allocation was completed in the second quarter of 2020 for the Crius Transaction and the supplemental pro forma financial results is currently underway and will be presentedcompleted no later than the third quarter of 2019.2020 for the Ambit Transaction.
Ambit Transaction Preliminary Purchase Price Allocation and Crius Transaction Final Purchase Price Allocation
Ambit TransactionCrius Transaction
Updated Preliminary Purchase Price AllocationMeasurement Period Adjustments recorded through
June 30, 2020
Final
Purchase Price Allocation
Measurement Period Adjustments recorded through
June 30, 2020
Cash and cash equivalents$49  $—  $26  $—  
Net working capital35   (9) (42) 
Accumulated deferred income taxes—  —  —  (36) 
Identifiable intangible assets230  (33) 317  23  
Goodwill243  29  243  38  
Commodity and other derivative contractual assets23  —  18  —  
Other noncurrent assets13  —  17  (3) 
Total assets acquired593   612  (20) 
Identifiable intangible liabilities—  —   (34) 
Long-term debt, including amounts due currently—  —  140  —  
Commodity and other derivative contractual liabilities28  —  40  —  
Accumulated deferred income taxes—  —  14  14  
Other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits10   16  —  
Total liabilities assumed38   212  (20) 
Identifiable net assets acquired$555  $—  $400  $—  

Dynegy Merger Transaction

On the Merger Date, Vistra Energy and Dynegy completed the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Dynegy merged with and into Vistra, Energy, with Vistra Energy continuing as the surviving corporation. The Merger was intended to qualify as a tax-free reorganization under the Internal Revenue Code, as amended,IRC, so that none of Vistra, Energy, Dynegy or any of the Dynegy stockholders would recognize any gain or loss in the transaction, except that Dynegy stockholders could recognize a gain or loss with respect to cash received in lieu of fractional shares of Vistra Energy'sVistra's common stock. Vistra Energy is the acquirer for both federal tax and accounting purposes.


8

At the closing ofOn the Merger Date, each issued and outstanding share of Dynegy common stock, par value $0.01 per share, other than shares owned by Vistra Energy or its subsidiaries, held in treasury by Dynegy or held by a subsidiary of Dynegy, was automatically converted into 0.652 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of Vistra Energy (the Exchange Ratio), except that cash was paid in lieu of fractional shares, which resulted in Vistra Energy issuing 94,409,573 shares of Vistra Energy common stock to the former Dynegy stockholders, as well as converting stock options, equity-based awards, tangible equity units and warrants. The total number of Vistra Energy shares outstanding at the close of the Merger was 522,932,453 shares. Dynegy stock options and equity-based awards outstanding immediately prior to the Merger Date were generally automatically converted upon completion of the Merger into stock options and equity-based awards, respectively, with respect to Vistra Energy'sVistra's common stock, after giving effect to the Exchange Ratio.

Dynegy Business Combination Accounting

We believe the Merger has provided and continues to provide significant strategic benefits and opportunities to Vistra Energy, including increased scale and market diversification, rebalanced asset portfolio and improved earnings and cash flow. The Merger was accounted for in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations (ASC 805), with identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed recorded at their estimated fair values on the Merger Date. The combined results of operations are reported in our consolidated financial statements beginning as of the Merger Date. A summary of the techniques used to estimate the fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities, as well as their classification within the fair value hierarchy (see Note 15), is listed below:

Working capital was valued using available market information (Level 2).
Acquired property, plant and equipment was valued using a combination of an income approach and a market approach. The income approach utilized a discounted cash flow analysis based upon a debt-free, free cash flow model (Level 3).
Acquired derivatives were valued using the methods described in Note 15 (Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3).
Contracts with terms that were not at current market prices were also valued using a discounted cash flow analysis (Level 3). The cash flows generated by the contracts were compared with their cash flows based on current market prices with the resulting difference discounted to present value and recorded as either an intangible asset or liability.
Long-term debt was valued using a market approach (Level 2).
AROs were recorded in accordance with ASC 410, Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations (Level 3).

The following table summarizes the consideration paid and the final allocation of the purchase price to the fair value amounts recognized for the assets acquired and liabilities assumed related to the Merger as of the Merger Date. Based on the opening price of Vistra Energy common stock on the Merger Date, the purchase price was approximately $2.3 billion. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the purchase price allocation was completed. During the period from April 9, 2018 through March 31, 2019, we updated the initial purchase price allocation with final valuations by increasing property, plant and equipment by $173 million, decreasing intangible assets by $36 million, increasing goodwill by $175 million, decreasing accounts receivable, inventory, prepaid expenses and other current assets by $10 million, increasing accumulated deferred tax asset by $127 million, decreasing other noncurrent assets by $113 million, increasing trade accounts payable and other current liabilities by $89 million, increasing other noncurrent liabilities by $177 million, increasing asset retirement obligations, including amounts due currently, by $56 million, as well as other minor adjustments. The valuation revisions were a result of updated inputs used in determining the fair value of the acquired assets and liabilities.
Dynegy shares outstanding as of April 9, 2018 (in millions)144.8
Exchange Ratio0.652
Vistra Energy shares issued for Dynegy shares outstanding (in millions)94.4
Opening price of Vistra Energy common stock on April 9, 2018$19.87
Purchase price for common stock$1,876
Fair value of equity component of tangible equity units$369
Fair value of outstanding stock compensation awards attributable to pre-combination service$26
Fair value of outstanding warrants$2
Total purchase price$2,273


Final Purchase Price Allocation
Cash and cash equivalents$445
Trade accounts receivables, inventories, prepaid expenses and other current assets853
Property, plant and equipment10,535
Accumulated deferred income taxes518
Identifiable intangible assets351
Goodwill175
Other noncurrent assets419
Total assets acquired13,296
Trade accounts payable and other current liabilities733
Commodity and other derivative contractual assets and liabilities, net422
Asset retirement obligations, including amounts due currently475
Long-term debt, including amounts due currently8,919
Other noncurrent liabilities469
Total liabilities assumed11,018
Identifiable net assets acquired2,278
Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary5
Total purchase price$2,273


Acquisition costs incurred in the Merger totaled less than $1 million and $50 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and less than $1 million and $52 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

3. DEVELOPMENT OF GENERATION FACILITIES
Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information — The following unaudited pro forma financial information for the six months ended June 30, 2018 assumes that the Merger occurred on January 1, 2018. The unaudited pro forma financial information is provided for information purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that would have occurred had the Merger been completed on January 1, 2018, nor is the unaudited pro forma financial information indicative of future results of operations, which may differ materially from the pro forma financial information presented here.
 Six Months
Ended
June 30, 2018
Revenues$4,789
Net loss$(439)
Net loss attributable to Vistra Energy$(435)
Net loss attributable to Vistra Energy per weighted average share of common stock outstanding — basic$(0.83)
Net loss attributable to Vistra Energy per weighted average share of common stock outstanding — diluted$(0.83)


The unaudited pro forma financial information presented above includes adjustments for incremental depreciation and amortization as a result of the fair value determination of the net assets acquired, interest expense on debt assumed in the Merger, effects of the Merger on tax expense (benefit), changes in the expected impacts of the tax receivable agreement due to the Merger, and other related adjustments.

3.ACQUISITION AND DEVELOPMENT OF GENERATION FACILITIES

Battery Energy Storage Projects

We have completed the construction of our first battery energy storage system (ESS). In October 2018, we were awarded a $1 million grant from the TCEQ for our battery ESS at our Upton 2 solar facility. The grant is part of the Texas Emissions Reduction Plan. The 10 MW lithium-ion ESS captures excess solar energy produced during the day and releases the energy in late afternoon and early evening, when demand is highest. The Upton 2 battery ESS became operational in December 2018.

OaklandIn June 2019, East Bay Community Energy (EBCE) signed a ten-year contract to receive resource adequacy capacity from the planned development of a 20 MW battery ESS at our Oakland Power Plant site in California. TheIn April 2020, the project received necessary approvals from EBCE and from Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E), and the contract is now pending utility reviewwas amended to increase the capacity of the planned development to a 36.25 MW battery ESS. In April 2020, the concurrent local area reliability service agreement to ensure grid reliability as part of the Oakland Clean Energy Initiative was signed and signature and will then be sent to the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) for approval. The battery ESS project is expected to enter commercial operations by January 2022.

Moss LandingIn June 2018, we announced that, subject to approval by the CPUC, we would enter into a 20-year resource adequacy contract with Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E)PG&E to develop a 300 MW battery ESS at our Moss Landing Power Plant site in California.California (Moss Landing Phase I). PG&E filed its application with the CPUC in June 2018 and the CPUC approved the resource adequacy contract in November 2018. At June 30, 2019,2020, we had accumulated approximately $15$315 million in construction work-in-process for thisMoss Landing Phase I. Under the contract, PG&E will pay us a fixed monthly resource adequacy payment, while we will receive the energy revenues and incur the costs from dispatching and charging the ESS. We anticipate the Moss Landing battery ESSPhase I will commence commercial operations byin the fourth quarter of 2020. PG&E filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in January 2019. IfIn November 2019, the termsbankruptcy court approved PG&E's motion requesting approval of the assumption of the resource adequacy contract are not honored by PG&E orsubject to the CPUC approving the terms of an amendment to the resource adequacy contract, is rejected throughand the CPUC approved the terms of the amendment in January 2020. PG&E emerged from bankruptcy process, we could have future impairment losses.protection in July 2020.

Upton 2 Solar Development

In May 2017,2020, we acquiredannounced that, subject to approval by the rightsCPUC, we would enter into a 10-year resource adequacy contract with PG&E to develop constructan additional 100 MW battery ESS at our Moss Landing Power Plant site (Moss Landing Phase II). PG&E filed its application with the CPUC in May 2020, and operate a utility scale solar photovoltaic power generationdecision is expected to be received by the end of the third quarter of 2020. Assuming the receipt of CPUC approval, we anticipate Moss Landing Phase II will commence commercial operations in the third quarter of 2021.

9

4. RETIREMENT OF GENERATION FACILITIES

MISO— In September 2019, we announced the settlement of a lawsuit alleging violations of opacity and particulate matter limits at our Edwards facility in Upton County, Texas (Upton 2).Bartonville, Illinois. As part of this project,the settlement, which was approved by the U.S. District Court for the Central District of Illinois in November 2019, we entered a turnkey engineering, procurement and construction agreement to constructwill retire the approximately 180 MW facility. During 2017 and 2018, we spent approximately $231 million related to this project primarily for progress payments underEdwards facility by the engineering, procurement and construction agreement and the acquisitionend of the development rights. The facility began test operations in March 2018 and commercial operations began in June 2018.

4.RETIREMENT OF GENERATION FACILITIES

2022 (see Note 12). In August 2018,2019, we filed a notice of suspension of operation with PJM and other mandatory regulatory notifications related toannounced the planned retirement of our 51 MW Northeastern Power Company waste coal facility in McAdoo, Pennsylvania (Northeastern Facility). We decided to retire the Northeastern Facility due to its uneconomic operations and financial outlook. Following the receipt of regulatory approvals, the Northeastern Facility was retired in October 2018. The decision to retire the Northeastern Facility did not result in a material impact to the financial statements, and the operational results of the Northeastern Facility are included in our Asset Closure segment.

Two of our non-operated, jointly held4 power plants acquired in the Merger, for which our proportional generation capacity was 883 MW, were retired in May 2018. These units were retired as previously scheduled. No gain or loss was recorded in conjunction with the retirement of these units, and the operational results of these facilities are included in our Asset Closure segment. The following table details the units retired.
Name Location Fuel Type Net Generation Capacity (MW) Ownership Interest Date Units Taken Offline
Killen Manchester, Ohio Coal 204
 33% May 31, 2018
Stuart Aberdeen, Ohio Coal 679
 39% May 24, 2018
Total     883
 
  

In January and February 2018, we retired three power plantsIllinois with a total installed nameplate generation capacity of 4,1672,068 MW. We decidedretired these units due to changes in the Illinois multi-pollutant standard rule (MPS rule) that require us to retire these units because they were projected to be uneconomic based on then current market conditions and would have faced significant environmental costs associated with operating such units.approximately 2,000 MW of generation capacity (see Note 12). In the caselight of the Sandowprovisions of the Federal Power Act and the FERC regulations thereunder, the affected subsidiaries of Vistra identified the retired units by analyzing the decision also reflectedeconomics of each of our Illinois plants and designating the execution of a contract termination agreement pursuant to which the Company and Alcoa agreed to an early settlement of a long-standing power and mining agreement.least economic units for retirement. Expected plant retirement expenses of $47 million, driven by severance costs, were accrued in the third and fourth quarter of 2017 and, as a result, no retirement expenses were recorded related to these facilities in the three and six months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2018.2019 and were included primarily in operating costs of our Asset Closure segment. In August 2019, we remeasured our pension and OPEB plans resulting in an increase to the benefit obligation liability of $21 million, pretax other comprehensive loss of $18 million and curtailment expense of $3 million recognized as other deductions in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. The operationalfollowing table details the units in Illinois totaling 2,653 MW that have been or will be retired. Operational results of these facilitiesfor retired plants are included in ourthe Asset Closure segment, which is engaged in the decommissioning and reclamation of retired plants and mines. The following table details the units retired.
NameLocationFuel TypeNet Generation Capacity (MW)Number of UnitsDates Units Retired or
Expected Retirement Date
CoffeenCoffeen, ILCoal915  2November 1, 2019
Duck CreekCanton, ILCoal425  1December 15, 2019
HavanaHavana, ILCoal434  1November 1, 2019
HennepinHennepin, ILCoal294  2November 1, 2019
EdwardsBartonville, ILCoal585  2By the end of 2022
Total2,653  8
Name Location (all in the state of Texas) Fuel Type Installed Nameplate Generation Capacity (MW) Number of Units Date Units Taken Offline
Monticello Titus County Lignite/Coal 1,880
 3 January 4, 2018
Sandow Milam County Lignite 1,137
 2 January 11, 2018
Big Brown Freestone County Lignite/Coal 1,150
 2 February 12, 2018
Total     4,167
 7  



5. REVENUE
5.REVENUE

The following tables disaggregate our revenue by major source:
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019Three Months Ended June 30, 2020
Retail ERCOT PJM NY/NE MISO CAISO/Eliminations ConsolidatedRetailERCOTPJMNY/NEMISOAsset
Closure
CAISO/EliminationsConsolidated
Revenue from contracts with customers:             Revenue from contracts with customers:
Retail energy charge in ERCOT$1,091
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $1,091
Retail energy charge in ERCOT$1,411  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $1,411  
Retail energy charge in Northeast/Midwest315
 
 
 
 
 
 315
Retail energy charge in Northeast/Midwest540  —  —  —  —  —  —  540  
Wholesale generation revenue from ISO/RTO
 188
 130
 81
 76
 22
 497
Wholesale generation revenue from ISO/RTO—  76  71  16   —  13  179  
Capacity revenue
 
 53
 72
 11
 
 136
Capacity revenue from ISO/RTOCapacity revenue from ISO/RTO—  —  15  10   —  —  29  
Revenue from other wholesale contracts
 52
 87
 6
 41
 4
 190
Revenue from other wholesale contracts—  63  137  26  54  —  21  301  
Total revenue from contracts with customers1,406
 240
 270
 159
 128
 26
 2,229
Total revenue from contracts with customers1,951  139  223  52  61  —  34  2,460  
Other revenues:             Other revenues:
Intangible amortization(10) 
 
 (1) (4) 1
 (14)Intangible amortization(5) —  —  —  (7) —  —  (12) 
Hedging and other revenues (a)25
 404
 81
 61
 26
 20
 617
Hedging and other revenues (a)10  62  (6) (10) (6) —  11  61  
Affiliate sales
 1,027
 335
 35
 96
 (1,493) 
Affiliate sales—  664  195  89  73  —  (1,021) —  
Total other revenues15
 1,431
 416
 95
 118
 (1,472) 603
Total other revenues 726  189  79  60  —  (1,010) 49  
Total revenues$1,421
 $1,671
 $686
 $254
 $246
 $(1,446) $2,832
Total revenues$1,956  $865  $412  $131  $121  $—  $(976) $2,509  
____________
(a)Includes $538 million of unrealized net gains from mark-to-market valuations of commodity positions. See Note 18 for unrealized net gains (losses) by segment.

(a)Includes $69 million of unrealized net losses from mark-to-market valuations of commodity positions. See Note 17 for unrealized net gains (losses) by segment.
10

Table of Contents
Three Months Ended June 30, 2018Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
Retail ERCOT PJM NY/NE MISO 
Asset
Closure
 CAISO/Eliminations ConsolidatedRetailERCOTPJMNY/NEMISOAsset
Closure
CAISO/EliminationsConsolidated
Revenue from contracts with customers:               Revenue from contracts with customers:
Retail energy charge in ERCOT$1,111
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $1,111
Retail energy charge in ERCOT$1,091  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $1,091  
Retail energy charge in Northeast/Midwest336
 
 
 
 
 
 
 336
Retail energy charge in Northeast/Midwest315  —  —  —  —  —  —  315  
Wholesale generation revenue from ISO/RTO
 208
 367
 118
 180
 15
 13
 901
Wholesale generation revenue from ISO/RTO—  188  130  81  33  43  22  497  
Capacity revenue
 
 119
 82
 29
 10
 11
 251
Capacity revenue from ISO/RTOCapacity revenue from ISO/RTO—  —  53  72    —  136  
Revenue from other wholesale contracts
 50
 8
 6
 12
 
 2
 78
Revenue from other wholesale contracts—  52  87   40    190  
Total revenue from contracts with customers1,447
 258
 494
 206
 221
 25
 26
 2,677
Total revenue from contracts with customers1,406  240  270  159  81  47  26  2,229  
Other revenues:               Other revenues:
Intangible amortization(15) 
 
 (2) (6) 
 
 (23)Intangible amortization(10) —  —  (1) (4) —   (14) 
Hedging and other revenues (a)22
 229
 (161) (29) (121) (25) 5
 (80)Hedging and other revenues (a)25  404  81  61  15  11  20  617  
Affiliate sales
 840
 152
 12
 163
 21
 (1,188) 
Affiliate sales—  1,027  335  35  96  —  (1,493) —  
Total other revenues7
 1,069
 (9) (19) 36
 (4) (1,183) (103)Total other revenues15  1,431  416  95  107  11  (1,472) 603  
Total revenues$1,454
 $1,327
 $485
 $187
 $257
 $21
 $(1,157) $2,574
Total revenues$1,421  $1,671  $686  $254  $188  $58  $(1,446) $2,832  
____________
(a)Includes $203 million of unrealized net gains from mark-to-market valuations of commodity positions. See Note 18 for unrealized net gains (losses) by segment.

(a)Includes $538 million of unrealized net gains from mark-to-market valuations of commodity positions. See Note 17 for unrealized net gains (losses) by segment.
 Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
 Retail ERCOT PJM NY/NE MISO CAISO/Eliminations Consolidated
Revenue from contracts with customers:             
Retail energy charge in ERCOT$2,116
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $2,116
Retail energy charge in Northeast/Midwest663
 
 
 
 
 
 663
Wholesale generation revenue from ISO/RTO
 435
 351
 276
 214
 95
 1,371
Capacity revenue
 
 120
 152
 24
 
 296
Revenue from other wholesale contracts
 97
 159
 12
 57
 6
 331
Total revenue from contracts with customers2,779
 532
 630
 440
 295
 101
 4,777
Other revenues:             
Intangible amortization(19) 
 
 (3) (9) 2
 (29)
Hedging and other revenues (a)46
 562
 171
 113
 54
 61
 1,007
Affiliate sales
 1,531
 590
 49
 160
 (2,330) 
Total other revenues27
 2,093
 761
 159
 205
 (2,267) 978
Total revenues$2,806
 $2,625
 $1,391
 $599
 $500
 $(2,166) $5,755

____________
(a)Includes $697 million of unrealized net gains from mark-to-market valuations of commodity positions. See Note 18 for unrealized net gains (losses) by segment.

Six Months Ended June 30, 2018Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
Retail ERCOT PJM NY/NE MISO 
Asset
Closure
 CAISO/Eliminations ConsolidatedRetailERCOTPJMNY/NEMISOAsset
Closure
CAISO/EliminationsConsolidated
Revenue from contracts with customers:               Revenue from contracts with customers:
Retail energy charge in ERCOT$2,059
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $2,059
Retail energy charge in ERCOT$2,665  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $2,665  
Retail energy charge in Northeast/Midwest336
 
 
 
 
 
 
 336
Retail energy charge in Northeast/Midwest1,180  —  —  —  —  —  —  1,180  
Wholesale generation revenue from ISO/RTO
 383
 367
 118
 180
 51
 13
 1,112
Wholesale generation revenue from ISO/RTO—  174  148  58  17  —  46  443  
Capacity revenue
 
 119
 82
 29
 10
 11
 251
Capacity revenue from ISO/RTOCapacity revenue from ISO/RTO—  —  30  35   —  —  74  
Revenue from other wholesale contracts
 102
 8
 6
 12
 1
 2
 131
Revenue from other wholesale contracts—  113  288  38  103  —  25  567  
Total revenue from contracts with customers2,395
 485
 494
 206
 221
 62
 26
 3,889
Total revenue from contracts with customers3,845  287  466  131  129  —  71  4,929  
Other revenues:               Other revenues:
Intangible amortization(27) (1) 
 (2) (6) 
 
 (36)Intangible amortization(8) —  —  —  (11) —  —  (19) 
Hedging and other revenues (a)58
 (233) (161) (29) (121) (34) 5
 (515)Hedging and other revenues (a)27  313  32  29   —  54  457  
Affiliate sales
 543
 152
 12
 163
 21
 (891) 
Affiliate sales—  1,131  562  257  143  —  (2,093) —  
Total other revenues31
 309
 (9) (19) 36
 (13) (886) (551)Total other revenues19  1,444  594  286  134  —  (2,039) 438  
Total revenues$2,426
 $794
 $485
 $187
 $257
 $49
 $(860) $3,338
Total revenues$3,864  $1,731  $1,060  $417  $263  $—  $(1,968) $5,367  
____________
(a)Includes $208 million of unrealized net losses from mark-to-market valuations of commodity positions. See Note 18 for unrealized net gains (losses) by segment.

(a)Includes $131 million of unrealized net gains from mark-to-market valuations of commodity positions. See Note 17 for unrealized net gains (losses) by segment.

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Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
RetailERCOTPJMNY/NEMISOAsset
Closure
CAISO/EliminationsConsolidated
Revenue from contracts with customers:
Retail energy charge in ERCOT$2,116  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $2,116  
Retail energy charge in Northeast/Midwest663  —  —  —  —  —  —  663  
Wholesale generation revenue from ISO/RTO—  435  351  276  104  110  95  1,371  
Capacity revenue from ISO/RTO—  —  120  152  18   —  296  
Revenue from other wholesale contracts—  97  159  12  55    331  
Total revenue from contracts with customers2,779  532  630  440  177  118  101  4,777  
Other revenues:
Intangible amortization(19) —  —  (3) (9) —   (29) 
Hedging and other revenues (a)46  562  171  113  29  25  61  1,007  
Affiliate sales—  1,531  590  49  160  —  (2,330) —  
Total other revenues27  2,093  761  159  180  25  (2,267) 978  
Total revenues$2,806  $2,625  $1,391  $599  $357  $143  $(2,166) $5,755  
____________
(a)Includes $697 million of unrealized net gains from mark-to-market valuations of commodity positions. See Note 17 for unrealized net gains (losses) by segment.

Performance Obligations

As of June 30, 2019,2020, we have future performance obligations that are unsatisfied, or partially unsatisfied, relating to capacity auction volumes awarded through capacity auctions held by the ISO or RTO or through bilateral sales.contracts with customers. Therefore, an obligation exists as of the date of the results of the respective ISO or RTO capacity auction or the contract execution date for bilateral customers. The transaction price is also set by the results of the capacity auction and/or executed contract.date. These obligations total $440$390 million, $770$826 million, $720$479 million, $423$121 million and $96$38 million that will be recognized, in the balance of the year ended December 31, 20192020 and the years ending December 31, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023 and 2023,2024, respectively, and $65$18 million thereafter. Capacity revenues are recognized as capacity services are providedis made available to the related ISOs or RTOs or bilateral counterparties.

Accounts Receivable

The following table presents trade accounts receivable (net of allowance for uncollectible accounts) relating to both contracts with customers and other activities:
June 30,
2020
December 31, 2019
Trade accounts receivable from contracts with customers — net$1,197  $1,246  
Other trade accounts receivable — net75  119  
Total trade accounts receivable — net$1,272  $1,365  
 June 30,
2019
 December 31, 2018
Trade accounts receivable from contracts with customers — net$977
 $951
Other trade accounts receivable — net124
 136
Total trade accounts receivable — net$1,101
 $1,087


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6. GOODWILL AND IDENTIFIABLE INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

Goodwill

The following table provides information regarding our goodwill balance. There have been no impairments of goodwill.

6.Balance at December 31, 2019GOODWILL AND IDENTIFIABLE INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND LIABILITIES$2,553 
Measurement period adjustments recorded in connection with the Ambit Transaction29 
Measurement period adjustments recorded in connection with the Crius Transaction(14)
Balance at June 30, 2020$2,568 

Goodwill

The carrying value of goodwill totaled $2.082 billion and $2.068 billion atAt June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Of2020, the total goodwill at June 30, 2019, $175 million arose in connection withbalance of $2.568 billion consisted of the Merger, and $122 million is recorded in our ERCOT Generation and Wholesale reporting unit and $53 million is recorded in our ERCOT Retail reporting unit. The remaining $1.907following:

$1.907 billion arose in connection with our application of fresh start reporting at Emergence and was allocated entirely to our ERCOT Retail reporting unit. Of the goodwill recorded at Emergence, $1.686 billion is deductible for tax purposes over 15 years on a straight-line basis.
$175 million arose in connection with the Merger, of which $122 million was allocated to our ERCOT Generation reporting unit and $53 million was allocated to our Retail reporting unit. None of the goodwill related to the Merger is deductible for tax purposes.
$243 million of goodwill arose in connection with the Crius Transaction and was allocated entirely to our Retail reporting unit. None of the goodwill related to the Crius Transaction is deductible for tax purposes.
$243 million of preliminary goodwill arose in connection with the Ambit Transaction and is allocated entirely to our Retail reporting unit pending completion of the purchase price allocation. The goodwill related to the Ambit Transaction is deductible for tax purposes over 15 years on a straight-line basis.

Identifiable Intangible Assets and Liabilities

Identifiable intangible assets are comprised of the following:
June 30, 2020December 31, 2019
Identifiable Intangible Asset
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Retail customer relationship$2,087  $1,302  $785  $2,078  $1,151  $927  
Software and other technology-related assets364  151  213  341  125  216  
Retail and wholesale contracts272  195  77  315  182  133  
Contractual service agreements (a)55   53  59   54  
Other identifiable intangible assets (b)45  17  28  40  15  25  
Total identifiable intangible assets subject to amortization$2,823  $1,667  1,156  $2,833  $1,478  1,355  
Retail trade names (not subject to amortization)1,374  1,391  
Mineral interests (not currently subject to amortization)  
Total identifiable intangible assets$2,532  $2,748  
  June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
Identifiable Intangible Asset 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 Net 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 Net
Retail customer relationship $1,680
 $987
 $693
 $1,680
 $876
 $804
Software and other technology-related assets 321
 124
 197
 270
 105
 165
Retail and wholesale contracts 315
 172
 143
 316
 138
 178
Contractual service agreements (a) 60
 2
 58
 70
 
 70
Other identifiable intangible assets (b) 118
 74
 44
 42
 15
 27
Total identifiable intangible assets subject to amortization $2,494
 $1,359
 1,135
 $2,378
 $1,134
 1,244
Retail trade names (not subject to amortization)     1,245
     1,245
Mineral interests (not currently subject to amortization)     3
     4
Total identifiable intangible assets     $2,383
     $2,493
____________
(a)At June 30, 2020, amounts related to contractual service agreements that have become liabilities due to amortization of the economic impacts of the intangibles have been removed from both the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization.
(b)Includes mining development costs and environmental allowances (emissions allowances and renewable energy certificates).

__________
13
(a)At June 30, 2019, amounts related to contractual service agreements that have become liabilities due to amortization of the economic impacts of the intangibles have been removed from both the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization.
(b)Includes mining development costs and environmental allowances and credits.



Identifiable intangible liabilities are comprised of the following:
Identifiable Intangible LiabilityJune 30,
2020
December 31, 2019
Contractual service agreements$127  $110  
Purchase and sale of power and capacity92  100  
Fuel and transportation purchase contracts75  76  
Total identifiable intangible liabilities$294  $286  
Identifiable Intangible LiabilityJune 30,
2019
 December 31, 2018
Contractual service agreements$107
 $136
Purchase and sale contracts183
 195
Environmental allowances41
 70
Total identifiable intangible liabilities$331
 $401


Amortization expenseExpense related to finite-lived identifiable intangible assets and liabilities (including the classification in the condensed consolidated statements of consolidated income (loss))operations) consisted of:
Identifiable Intangible Assets and Liabilities Condensed Statements of Consolidated Income (Loss) LineThree Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Retail customer relationship Depreciation and amortization$55
 $77
 $111
 $150
Software and other technology-related assets Depreciation and amortization15
 19
 29
 30
Retail and wholesale contracts/purchase and sale contracts Operating revenues/fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees12
 23
 24
 32
Other identifiable intangible assets Operating revenues/fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees/depreciation and amortization15
 2
 39
 3
Total amortization expense (a)$97
 $121
 $203
 $215

Identifiable Intangible Assets and LiabilitiesCondensed Consolidated Statements of OperationsThree Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2020201920202019
Retail customer relationshipDepreciation and amortization$77  $55  $151  $111  
Software and other technology-related assetsDepreciation and amortization21  15  38  29  
Retail and wholesale contracts/purchase and sale/fuel and transportation contractsOperating revenues/fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees13  12  15  24  
Other identifiable intangible assetsOperating revenues/fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees/depreciation and amortization44  15  96  39  
Total intangible asset expense (a)$155  $97  $300  $203  
____________
(a)Amounts recorded in depreciation and amortization totaled $72 million and $97 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $141 million and $182 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Excludes contractual services agreements.
(a)Amounts recorded in depreciation and amortization totaled $99 million and $72 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $190 million and $141 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Amounts exclude contractual services agreements. Amounts include all expenses associated with environmental allowances including expenses accrued to comply with emissions allowance programs and renewable portfolio standards which are presented in fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees on our condensed consolidated statements of operations. Emissions allowance obligations are accrued as associated electricity is generated and renewable energy credit obligations are accrued as retail electricity delivery occurs.

Estimated Amortization of Identifiable Intangible Assets and Liabilities

As of June 30, 2019,2020, the estimated aggregate amortization expense of identifiable intangible assets and liabilities for each of the next five fiscal years is as shown below.
YearEstimated Amortization Expense
2020$369  
2021$257  
2022$161  
2023$116  
2024$78  
Year Estimated Amortization Expense
2019 $309
2020 $211
2021 $164
2022 $101
2023 $76


7. INCOME TAXES
7.INCOME TAXES

Income Tax Expense

The calculation of our effective tax rate is as follows:
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2020201920202019
Income before income taxes$232  $502  $293  $803  
Income tax expense$(68) $(148) $(84) $(225) 
Effective tax rate29.3 %29.5 %28.7 %28.0 %
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Income (loss) before income taxes$502
 $31
 $803
 $(364)
Income tax (expense) benefit$(148) $74
 $(225) $163
Effective tax rate29.5% (238.7)% 28.0% 44.8%


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For the three months ended June 30, 2020, the effective tax rate of 29.3% was higher that the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% due primarily to nondeductible impacts of the TRA and state income taxes. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, the effective tax rate of 28.7% was higher than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% due primarily to nondeductible impacts of the TRA and state income taxes.

For the three months ended June 30, 2019, the effective tax rate of 29.5% related to our income tax expense was higher thanthat the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% due primarily to nondeductible impacts of the TRA and state income taxes, including the impact of a partial valuation allowance on the state of Illinois net operating loss. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, the effective tax rate of 28.0% related to our income tax expense was higher than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% due primarily to nondeductible impacts of the TRA and state income taxes, including the impact of a partial valuation allowance on the state of Illinois net operating loss.

ForCoronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act)

In response to the three months ended June 30, 2018,global pandemic related to COVID-19, the President signed into law the CARES Act on March 27, 2020. The CARES Act provides numerous relief provisions for corporate taxpayers, including modification of the utilization limitations on net operating losses, favorable expansion of the deduction for business interest expense under IRC Section 163(j) (Section 163(j)), the ability to accelerate timing of refundable alternative minimum tax (AMT) credits and the temporary suspension of certain payment requirements for the employer portion of social security taxes. While Vistra is still evaluating the impact of certain tax-related benefits available under the CARES Act, we anticipate the acceleration of AMT refunds and the expansion of the Section 163(j) limitation from 30% to 50% of adjusted taxable income to have material impacts to Vistra. Specifically, we expect to receive approximately $64 million in 2020 relating to the acceleration of AMT refunds and an approximate $550 million increase in interest expense deduction over the 2019 and 2020 tax years under Section 163(j). We do not anticipate a material impact to the effective tax rate of (238.7)%from these impacts. Vistra will continue to monitor legislative developments related to our income tax benefit was lower than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% due primarily to Vistra Energy's expanded state tax footprint requiring a one-time remeasurement of historical Vistra Energy deferred tax balances, partially offset by an increase in state tax expense. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, the effective tax rate of 44.8% related to our income tax benefit was higher than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% due primarily to Vistra Energy's expanded state tax footprint requiring a one-time remeasurement of historical Vistra Energy deferred tax balances and an increase in state tax expense.COVID-19.

Liability for Uncertain Tax Positions

Vistra Energy and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in U.S. federal and state jurisdictions and are expected to be subject to examinations by the IRS and other taxing authorities. Vistra Energy is not currently under audit by the IRS for any period, although review of DynegyDynegy's final pre-acquisition tax years 2017 andyear 2018 continuecontinues to progress through the IRS's Compliance Assurance Process audit program. Crius is currently under audit by the IRS for the tax years 2015, 2016 and 2017. Uncertain tax positions totaling $39totaled $125 million and $126 million at both June 30, 20192020 and December 31, 2018 arose2019, respectively. The final regulations under Section 163(j) were released in connection withJuly 2020. While we are still evaluating the Merger.impact, we expect to adjust deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities in the third quarter of 2020 and do not expect the final regulation to materially impact our effective tax rate.

8.TAX RECEIVABLE AGREEMENT OBLIGATION
8. TAX RECEIVABLE AGREEMENT OBLIGATION

On the Effective Date, Vistra Energy entered into a tax receivable agreement (the TRA) with a transfer agent on behalf of certain former first lienfirst-lien creditors of TCEH. The TRA generally provides for the payment by us to holders of TRA Rights of 85% of the amount of cash savings, if any, in U.S. federal and state income tax that we realize in periods after Emergence as a result of (a) certain transactions consummated pursuant to the Plan of Reorganization (including the step-up in tax basis in our assets resulting from the PrefCo Preferred Stock Sale), (b) the tax basis of all assets acquired in connection with the acquisition of two CCGT natural gas-fueled generation facilities in April 2016 and (c) tax benefits related to imputed interest deemed to be paid by us as a result of payments under the TRA, plus interest accruing from the due date of the applicable tax return.

Pursuant to the TRA, we issued the TRA Rights for the benefit of the first lienfirst-lien secured creditors of TCEH entitled to receive such TRA Rights under the Plan of Reorganization. Such TRA Rights are entitled to certain registration rights more fully described in the Registration Rights Agreement (see Note 17)16).

During the three months ended June 30, 2019, we recorded a decrease to the carrying value
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Table of the TRA obligation totaling approximately $48 million as a result of the decrease in forecasted taxable income over the projected life of the TRA. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, we recorded a decrease to the carrying value of the TRA obligation totaling approximately $19 million as a result of adjustments to forecasted taxable income and higher net operating losses acquired in the Merger. During the three months ended June 30, 2018, we recorded an increase to the carrying value of the TRA obligation totaling approximately $46 million related to changes in the timing of estimated payments and new multistate tax impacts resulting from the Merger.Contents

The following table summarizes the changes to the TRA obligation, reported as other current liabilities and Tax Receivable Agreement obligation in our condensed consolidated balance sheets, for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019:
Six Months Ended June 30,
20202019
TRA obligation at the beginning of the period$455  $420  
Accretion expense34  31  
Changes in tax assumptions impacting timing of payments (a)(20) (67) 
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement14  (36) 
TRA obligation at the end of the period469  384  
Less amounts due currently(1) —  
TRA obligation at the end of the period (noncurrent)$468  $384  
____________
(a)During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, we recorded decreases to the carrying value of the TRA obligation totaling $11 million and $20 million, respectively, as a result of adjustments to forecasted taxable income, including the impacts of the CARES Act changes to Section 163(j) percentage limitation amount. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, we recorded decreases to the carrying value of the TRA obligation totaling $48 million and 2018:$67 million, respectively, as a result of adjustments to forecasted taxable income and higher net operating losses acquired in the Merger.
 Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018
TRA obligation at the beginning of the period$420
 $357
Accretion expense31
 36
Changes in tax assumptions impacting timing of payments(67) 46
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement(36) 82
TRA obligation at the end of the period384
 439
Less amounts due currently
 (25)
Noncurrent TRA obligation at the end of the period$384
 $414



As of June 30, 2019,2020, the estimated carrying value of the TRA obligation totaled $384$469 million, which represents the discounted amount of projected payments under the TRA. The projected payments are based on certain assumptions, including but not limited to (a) the federal corporate income tax rate of 21%, (b) estimates of our taxable income in the current and future years and (c) additional states that Vistra Energy now operates in, including the relevant tax rate and apportionment factor for each state. Our taxable income takes into consideration the current federal tax code, various relevant state tax laws and reflects our current estimates of future results of the business. These assumptions are subject to change, and those changes could have a material impact on the carrying value of the TRA obligation. As of June 30, 2019,2020, the aggregate amount of undiscounted federal and state payments under the TRA is estimated to be approximately $1.3$1.4 billion, with more than half of such amount expected to be attributable topaid during the firstnext 15 tax years, following Emergence, and the final payment expected to be made approximately 40 years following Emergencearound the year 2056 (if the TRA is not terminated earlier pursuant to its terms).

The carrying value of the obligation is being accreted to the amount of the gross expected obligation using the effective interest method. Changes in the amount of this obligation resulting from changes to either the timing or amount of TRA payments are recognized in the period of change and measured using the discount rate inherent in the initial fair value of the obligation.

16

9.EARNINGS PER SHARE
9. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share available to common shareholdersstockholders are based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is calculated using the treasury stock method and includes the effect of all potential issuances of common shares under stock-based incentive compensation arrangements.
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Net income (loss) attributable to common stock — basic$356
 $108
 $581
 $(198)
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding — basic (a)499,778,235
 526,332,862
 499,213,522
 477,662,016
Net income (loss) per weighted average share of common stock outstanding — basic$0.71
 $0.21
 $1.16
 $(0.41)
Dilutive securities: Stock-based incentive compensation plan and tangible equity units7,722,148
 7,453,962
 8,035,398
 
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding — diluted507,500,383
 533,786,824
 507,248,920
 477,662,016
Net income (loss) per weighted average share of common stock outstanding — diluted$0.70
 $0.20
 $1.15
 $(0.41)

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2020201920202019
Net income attributable to common stock — basic$166  $356  $222  $581  
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding — basic (a)488,680,442  499,778,235  488,312,503  499,213,522  
Net income per weighted average share of common stock outstanding — basic$0.34  $0.71  $0.45  $1.16  
Dilutive securities: Stock-based incentive compensation plan1,788,293  7,722,148  2,397,429  8,035,398  
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding — diluted490,468,735  507,500,383  490,709,932  507,248,920  
Net income per weighted average share of common stock outstanding — diluted$0.34  $0.70  $0.45  $1.15  
____________
(a)The minimum settlement amount of tangible equity units, or 15,207,600 shares in both the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 15,056,260 shares in both the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, are considered to be outstanding and are included in the computation of basic net income per share (see Note 14).
(a)For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the minimum settlement amount of tangible equity units, or 15,207,600 shares, are considered to be outstanding and are included in the computation of basic net income per share.

Stock-based incentive compensation plan awards excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the effect would have been antidilutive totaled 2,910,22613,978,168 and 8,064,657 shares2,910,226 for the three months ended June 30, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively, and 7,577,24612,123,691 and 18,392,4707,577,246 shares for the six months ended June 30, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively.


10.ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE SECURITIZATION PROGRAM
10. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE SECURITIZATION PROGRAM

TXU Energy Receivables Company LLC (RecCo), an indirect subsidiary of Vistra, Energy, has an accounts receivable financing facility (Receivables Facility) provided by issuers of asset-backed commercial paper and commercial banks (Purchasers). At June 30, 2019, the Receivables Facility provided RecCo with the ability to borrow up to $450 million, pursuant to an amendment to the terms of the Receivables Facility in April 2019. The Receivables Facility was renewed in July 2019,2020, extending its scheduled terminationthe term of the Receivables Facility from August 2019July 2020 to July 2020,2021, with the ability to borrow up to $600$550 million beginning with the settlement date in July 2020 until the settlement date in August 2020, $625 million from the settlement date in August 2020 until the settlement date in November 2019, after which2020, $550 million from the amount availablesettlement date in November 2020 until the settlement date in December 2020 and $450 million thereafter for RecCo to borrow will revert to $450 million.the remaining term of the Receivables Facility.

Under the Receivables Facility, TXU Energy and Dynegy Energy Services are obligated to sell or contribute, on an ongoing basis and without recourse, their accounts receivable to TXU Energy's special purpose subsidiary, RecCo, a consolidated, wholly owned, bankruptcy-remote, direct subsidiary of TXU Energy. RecCo, in turn, is subject to certain conditions, and may, from time to time, sell an undivided interest in all the receivables acquired from TXU Energy and Dynegy Energy Services to the Purchasers, and its assets and credit are not available to satisfy the debts and obligations of any person, including affiliates of RecCo. Amounts funded by the Purchasers to RecCo are reflected as short-term borrowings on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Proceeds and repayments under the Receivables Facility are reflected as cash flows from financing activities in our condensed consolidated statements of consolidated cash flows. Receivables transferred to the Purchasers remain on Vistra Energy'sVistra's balance sheet and Vistra Energy reflects a liability equal to the amount advanced by the Purchasers. The Company records interest expense on amounts advanced. TXU Energy continues to service, administer and collect the trade receivables on behalf of RecCo and the Purchasers, as applicable.

As of June 30, 2019,2020, outstanding borrowings under the receivables facility totaled $430$450 million and were supported by $662$639 million of RecCo gross receivables. As of December 31, 2018,2019, outstanding borrowings under the receivables facility totaled $339 million.$450 million and were supported by $629 million of RecCo gross receivables.


11.LONG-TERM DEBT

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11. LONG-TERM DEBT

Amounts in the table below represent the categories of long-term debt obligations incurred by the Company.
June 30,
2019
 December 31,
2018
June 30,
2020
December 31,
2019
Vistra Operations Credit Facilities$3,798
 $5,813
Vistra Operations Credit Facilities$2,586  $2,700  
Vistra Operations Senior Secured Notes:   Vistra Operations Senior Secured Notes:
3.550% Senior Secured Notes, due July 15, 20241,200
 
3.550% Senior Secured Notes, due July 15, 20241,500  1,500  
3.700% Senior Secured Notes, due January 30, 20273.700% Senior Secured Notes, due January 30, 2027800  800  
4.300% Senior Secured Notes, due July 15, 2029800
 
4.300% Senior Secured Notes, due July 15, 2029800  800  
Total Vistra Operations Senior Secured Notes2,000
 
Total Vistra Operations Senior Secured Notes3,100  3,100  
Vistra Operations Senior Unsecured Notes:   Vistra Operations Senior Unsecured Notes:
5.500% Senior Notes, due September 1, 20261,000
 1,000
5.625% Senior Notes, due February 15, 20271,300
 
5.000% Senior Notes, due July 31, 20271,300
 
5.500% Senior Unsecured Notes, due September 1, 20265.500% Senior Unsecured Notes, due September 1, 20261,000  1,000  
5.625% Senior Unsecured Notes, due February 15, 20275.625% Senior Unsecured Notes, due February 15, 20271,300  1,300  
5.000% Senior Unsecured Notes, due July 31, 20275.000% Senior Unsecured Notes, due July 31, 20271,300  1,300  
Total Vistra Operations Senior Unsecured Notes3,600
 1,000
Total Vistra Operations Senior Unsecured Notes3,600  3,600  
Vistra Energy Senior Unsecured Notes:   
7.375% Senior Notes, due November 1, 2022306
 1,707
5.875% Senior Notes, due June 1, 2023500
 500
7.625% Senior Notes, due November 1, 2024475
 1,147
8.034% Senior Notes, due February 2, 2024
 25
8.000% Senior Notes, due January 15, 202581
 81
8.125% Senior Notes, due January 30, 2026166
 166
Total Vistra Energy Senior Unsecured Notes1,528
 3,626
Vistra Senior Unsecured Notes:Vistra Senior Unsecured Notes:
5.875% Senior Unsecured Notes, due June 1, 20235.875% Senior Unsecured Notes, due June 1, 2023—  500  
8.000% Senior Unsecured Notes, due January 15, 20258.000% Senior Unsecured Notes, due January 15, 2025—  81  
8.125% Senior Unsecured Notes, due January 30, 2026 (a)8.125% Senior Unsecured Notes, due January 30, 2026 (a)166  166  
Total Vistra Senior Unsecured NotesTotal Vistra Senior Unsecured Notes166  747  
Other:   Other:
7.000% Amortizing Notes, due July 1, 20198
 24
Forward Capacity Agreements222
 236
Forward Capacity Agreements101  161  
Equipment Financing Agreements114
 120
Equipment Financing Agreements91  99  
Mandatorily redeemable subsidiary preferred stock (a)70
 70
8.82% Building Financing due semiannually through February 11, 2022 (b)18
 21
8.82% Building Financing due semiannually through February 11, 2022 (b)13  15  
OtherOther 12  
Total other long-term debt432
 471
Total other long-term debt209  287  
Unamortized debt premiums, discounts and issuance costs (c)(4) 155
Unamortized debt premiums, discounts and issuance costs (c)(63) (55) 
Total long-term debt including amounts due currently11,354
 11,065
Total long-term debt including amounts due currently9,598  10,379  
Less amounts due currently(161) (191)Less amounts due currently(337) (277) 
Total long-term debt less amounts due currently$11,193
 $10,874
Total long-term debt less amounts due currently$9,261  $10,102  
____________
(a)Shares of mandatorily redeemable preferred stock in PrefCo. This subsidiary preferred stock is accounted for as a debt instrument under relevant accounting guidance. At any time after October 3, 2019, Vistra Energy may redeem all or any portion of the preferred stock for a price per share equal to the preferred liquidation amount.
(b)Obligation related to a corporate office space finance lease. This obligation will be funded by amounts held in an escrow account that is reflected in other noncurrent assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(c)Includes impact of recording debt assumed in the Merger at fair value.
(a)Vistra redeemed all of its outstanding 8.125% senior unsecured notes due 2026 in July 2020.
(b)Obligation related to a corporate office space finance lease. This obligation will be funded by amounts held in an escrow account that is reflected in other noncurrent assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(c)Includes impact of recording debt assumed in the Merger at fair value.

Vistra Operations Credit Facilities

At June 30, 2019,2020, the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities consisted of up to $6.523$5.311 billion in senior secured, first lienfirst-lien revolving credit commitments and outstanding term loans, which consisted of revolving credit commitments of up to $2.725 billion, including a $2.35 billion letter of credit sub-facility (Revolving Credit Facility) and term loans of $1.897 billion (Term Loan B-1 Facility) and $1.901$2.586 billion (Term Loan B-3 Facility).


In March 2020, Vistra Operations repurchased $100 million principal amount of Term Loan B-3 Facility borrowings at a weighted average price of $93.875 and cancelled them. We recorded an extinguishment gain of $6 million on the transaction in the six months ended June 30, 2020.

During the six months ended June 30, 2020, we borrowed $925 million and repaid $725 million under the Revolving Credit Facility, with proceeds from the borrowings used for general corporate purposes.

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In June 2019, Vistra Operations used the net proceeds from the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes Offering described belowOfferings (described below) to repay $889 million under the Term Loan B-1 Facility, the entire amount outstanding of $977 million under Term Loan B-2 Facility (and together with the Term Loan B-1 Facility and the Term Loan B-3 Facility, the Term Loan B Facility) and $134 million under the Term Loan B-3 Facility. We recorded an extinguishment loss of $4 million on the transactions in the three months ended June 30, 2019.

These amounts reflect amendments toIn March 2019 and May 2019 the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities in March 2019 and May 2019were amended whereby we obtained $225 million of incremental Revolving Credit Facility commitments. The letter of credit sub-facility was also increased by $50 million. Fees and expenses related to the amendments to the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities totaled $2 million infor the six months ended June 30, 2019, which were capitalized as a noncurrent asset.

These amounts also reflect an amendment to the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities in June 2018 whereby we incurred $2.050 billion of borrowings under the new Term Loan B-3 Facility and obtained $1.640 billion of incremental Revolving Credit Facility commitments. The letter of credit sub-facility was also increased by $1.585 billion. The maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility was extended from August 4, 2021 to June 14, 2023. As discussed below, the proceeds from the Term Loan B-3 Facility were used to repay borrowings under the credit agreement that Vistra Energy assumed from Dynegy in connection with the Merger. Additionally, letter of credit term loans totaling $500 million (Term Loan C Facility) were repaid using $500 million of cash from collateral accounts used to backstop letters of credit. Fees and expenses related to the amendment to the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities totaled $42 million in the six months ended June 30, 2018, of which $23 million was recorded as interest expense and other charges on the statements of consolidated income (loss), $9 million was capitalized as a reduction in the carrying amount of the debt and $10 million was capitalized as a noncurrent asset.

The Vistra Operations Credit Facilities and related available capacity at June 30, 20192020 are presented below.
 June 30, 2019June 30, 2020
Vistra Operations Credit Facilities Maturity Date 
Facility
Limit
 
Cash
Borrowings
 
Available
Capacity
Vistra Operations Credit FacilitiesMaturity DateFacility
Limit
Cash
Borrowings
Available
Capacity
Revolving Credit Facility (a) June 14, 2023 $2,725
 $
 $2,173
Revolving Credit Facility (a)June 14, 2023$2,725  $550  $1,287  
Term Loan B-1 Facility August 4, 2023 1,897
 1,897
 
Term Loan B-3 Facility December 31, 2025 1,901
 1,901
 
Term Loan B-3 FacilityDecember 31, 20252,586  2,586  —  
Total Vistra Operations Credit Facilities $6,523
 $3,798
 $2,173
Total Vistra Operations Credit Facilities$5,311  $3,136  $1,287  
___________
(a)Facility to be used for general corporate purposes. Facility includes a $2.35 billion letter of credit sub-facility, of which $552 million of letters of credit were outstanding at June 30, 2019 and which reduce our available capacity.

(a)Facility to be used for general corporate purposes. Facility includes a $2.35 billion letter of credit sub-facility, of which $888 million of letters of credit were outstanding at June 30, 2020 and which reduce our available capacity. Cash borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility are reported in short-term borrowings in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
In February 2018 and June 2018, certain pricing terms for the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities were amended. We accounted for these transactions as modifications of debt.
At June 30, 2019,2020, cash borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility would bear interest based on applicable LIBOR rates, plus a fixed spread of 1.75%, and there were no$550 million outstanding borrowings. Letters of credit issued under the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest of 1.75%. Amounts borrowed under the Term Loan B-1 and B-3 Facilities bearFacility bears interest based on applicable LIBOR rates plus fixed spreads of 2.00% and 2.00%, respectively.1.75%. At June 30, 2019,2020, the weighted average interest rates before taking into consideration interest rate swaps on outstanding borrowings was 4.40%1.93% including both the Revolving Credit Facility and 4.40% under the Term Loan B-1 and B-3 Facilities, respectively.Facility. The Vistra Operations Credit Facilities also provide for certain additional fees payable to the agents and lenders, including fronting fees with respect to outstanding letters of credit and availability fees payable with respect to any unused portion of the available Revolving Credit Facility.

Obligations under the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities are secured by a lien covering substantially all of Vistra Operations' (and its subsidiaries') consolidated assets, rights and properties, subject to certain exceptions set forth in the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities, provided that the amount of loans outstanding under the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities that may be secured by a lien covering certain principal properties of the Company is expressly limited by the terms of the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities.

The Vistra Operations Credit Facilities also permit certain hedging agreements to be secured on a pari-passu basis with the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities in the event those hedging agreements met certain criteria set forth in the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities.


The Vistra Operations Credit Facilities provide for affirmative and negative covenants applicable to Vistra Operations (and its restricted subsidiaries), including affirmative covenants requiring it to provide financial and other information to the agents under the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities and to not change its lines of business, and negative covenants restricting Vistra Operations' (and its restricted subsidiaries') ability to incur additional indebtedness, make investments, dispose of assets, pay dividends, grant liens or take certain other actions, in each case, except as permitted in the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities. Vistra Operations' ability to borrow under the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities is subject to the satisfaction of certain customary conditions precedent set forth therein.

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The Vistra Operations Credit Facilities provide for certain customary events of default, including events of default resulting from non-payment of principal, interest or fees when due, material breaches of representations and warranties, material breaches of covenants in the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities or ancillary loan documents, cross-defaults under other agreements or instruments and the entry of material judgments against Vistra Operations. Solely with respect to the Revolving Credit Facility, and solely during a compliance period (which, in general, is applicable when the aggregate revolving borrowings and issued revolving letters of credit (in excess of $300 million) exceed 30% of the revolving commitments), the agreement includes a covenant that requires the consolidated first lien net leverage ratio, which is based on the ratio of net first lienfirst-lien debt compared to an EBITDA calculation defined under the terms of the facilities,Vistra Operations Credit Facilities, not to exceed 4.25 to 1.00. Although the period endedAs of June 30, 2019 was not a compliance period,2020, we would have beenwere in compliance with this financial covenant if it was required to be tested at such date.covenant. Upon the existence of an event of default, the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities provide that all principal, interest and other amounts due thereunder will become immediately due and payable, either automatically or at the election of specified lenders.

Interest Rate SwapsEffective January 2017, we entered into $3.0 billion notional amount ofVistra employs interest rate swaps to hedge a portion of our exposure to our variable rate debt. TheAs of June 30, 2020, Vistra has entered into the following series of interest rate swap transactions.
Notional AmountExpiration DateRate Range
Swapped to fixed$3,000July 20233.67 %-3.91%
Swapped to variable$700July 20233.20 %-3.23%
Swapped to fixed$720February 20243.71 %-3.72%
Swapped to variable$720February 20243.20 %-3.20%
Swapped to fixed (a)$3,000July 20264.72 %-4.79%
Swapped to variable (a)$700July 20263.28 %-3.33%
____________
(a)Effective from July 2023 through July 2026.

During 2019, Vistra entered into $2.120 billion of new interest rate swaps, expire in July 2023. In May 2018pursuant to which Vistra will pay a variable rate and June 2018, we entered into $3.0 billion notional amount of interest rate swaps that become effective in July 2023 and expire in July 2026.

In June 2018, we completed the novation of $1.959 billion notional amount of Vistra Energy (legacy Dynegy) interest rate swaps to Vistra Operations. In June 2019, we terminated $841 million notional amountreceive a fixed rate. The terms of these interest ratenew swaps were matched against the terms of certain existing swaps, effectively offsetting the hedge of the existing swaps and fixing the out-of-the-money position of such swaps. At June 30, 2019, $720 million notional amount of these interest rateThese matched swaps remainedwill settle over time, in effectaccordance with an expiration date of February 2024.

the original contractual terms. The interest rateremaining existing swaps that are currently effective and expire in July 2023 and February 2024 effectively fix the interest rates between 3.92% and 4.16%continue to hedge our exposure on $3.720$2.3 billion of our variable rate debt. The interest rate swaps that become effective indebt through July 2023 and expire in July 2026 effectively fix the interest rates between 4.97% and 5.04% on $3.0 billion of our variable rate debt during the period. The interest rate swaps are secured by a first lien secured interest on a pari-passu basis with the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities.2026.

Alternate Letter of Credit Facilities

Two alternate letter of credit facilities (each, an Alternative LOC Facility, and collectively, the Alternate LOC Facilities) with an aggregate facility limit of $500 million became effective in the six monthsyear ended June 30,December 31, 2019. At June 30, 2019,2020, $500 million of letters of credit were outstanding under the Alternate LOC Facilities. Of the total facility limit, $250 million matures in December 2020 and $250 million matures in December 2021.

Vistra Energy (legacy Dynegy) Credit Agreement

On the Merger Date, Vistra Energy assumed the obligations under Dynegy's $3.563 billion credit agreement consisting of a $2.018 billion senior secured term loan facility due 2024 and a $1.545 billion senior secured revolving credit facility. As of the Merger Date, there were no cash borrowings and $656 million of letters of credit outstanding under the senior secured revolving credit facility. On April 23, 2018, $70 million of the senior secured revolving credit facility matured. In June 2018, the $2.018 billion senior secured term loan facility due 2024 was repaid using proceeds from the Term Loan B-3 Facility. In addition, all letters of credit outstanding under the senior secured revolving credit facility were replaced with letters of credit under the amended Vistra Operations Credit Facilities discussed above, and the revolving credit facility assumed from Dynegy in connection with the Merger was paid off in full and terminated.


Vistra Operations Senior Secured Notes

In the six months ended June 30, 2019, Vistra Operations issued and sold $2.0 billion aggregate principal amount of senior secured notes (Senior(June 2019 Senior Secured Notes), consisting of $1.2 billion aggregate principal amount of 3.55% senior secured notes due 2024 (3.55% senior secured notes) at a price to the public of 99.807% of their face value and $800 million aggregate principal amount of 4.30% senior secured notes due 2029 (4.30% senior secured notes) at a price to the public of 99.784% of their face value in an offeringofferings to eligible purchasers under Rule 144A and Regulation S under the Securities Act (Senior(June 2019 Senior Secured Notes Offering). Offerings) consisting of the following:
Senior Secured NotesMaturity YearInterest Terms
(Due Semiannually in Arrears)
June 2019
Senior Secured Notes Offerings (a)
3.550% Senior Secured Notes2024January 15 and July 15$1,200  
4.300% Senior Secured Notes2029January 15 and July 15800  
Total senior secured notes$2,000  
Net proceeds$1,976  
Debt issuance and other fees (b)$20  
___________
(a)The June 2019 Senior Secured Notes were sold pursuant to a purchase agreement by and among Vistra Operations, certain direct and indirect subsidiaries of Vistra Operations and Citigroup Global Markets Inc., as representative of the several initial purchasers. Fees and expenses related to the offering totaled $20 million in the three months ended June 30, 2019, which were capitalized as a reduction in the carrying amount of the debt. Net proceeds, from the Senior Secured Notes Offering totaling $1.976 billion, together with cash on hand, were used to prepay certain amounts outstanding and accrued interest (together with fees and expenses) under the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities'Facility's Term Loan B Facility. Interest on
(b)Capitalized as a reduction in the carrying amount of the debt.
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The indenture (as may be amended or supplemented from time to time, the Vistra Operations Senior Secured Indenture) governing the June 2019 Senior Secured Notes and the 3.700% senior secured notes due 2027 (collectively, the Senior Secured Notes is payable in cash semiannually in arrears on January 15Notes) provides for the full and July 15 beginning January 15, 2020.

The Senior Secured Notes are and will be fully and unconditionally guaranteedunconditional guarantee by certain of Vistra Operations' current and future subsidiaries that also guarantee the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities. The Senior Secured Notes are secured by a first-priority security interest in the same collateral that is pledged for the benefit of the lenders under the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities, which consists of a substantial portion of the property, assets and rights owned by Vistra Operations and certain direct and indirect subsidiaries of Vistra Operations as subsidiary guarantors (collectively, the Guarantor Subsidiaries) as well as the stock of Vistra Operations held by Vistra Intermediate. The collateral securing the Senior Secured Notes will be released if Vistra Operations' senior, unsecured long-term debt securities obtain an investment grade rating from two out of the three rating agencies, subject to reversion if such rating agencies withdraw the investment grade rating of Vistra Operations' senior, unsecured long-term debt securities or downgrade such rating below investment grade. The Vistra Operations Senior Secured Indenture contains certain covenants and restrictions, including, among others, restrictions on the ability of Vistra Operations and its subsidiaries, as applicable, to create certain liens, merge or consolidate with another entity, and sell all or substantially all of their assets.

Vistra Operations Senior Unsecured Notes

In the six months ended June 30, 2019, Vistra Operations issued and sold $1.3$2.6 billion aggregate principal amount of 5.00% senior unsecured notes due 2027 (5.00% senior notes) in an offeringofferings (the February 2019 Senior Unsecured Notes Offering and the June 2019 Senior Unsecured Notes Offering) to eligible purchasers under Rule 144A and Regulation S under the Securities Act consisting of the following:
Senior Unsecured NotesMaturity YearInterest Terms
(Due Semiannually in Arrears)
February 2019 Senior Unsecured Notes Offering (a)June 2019
Senior Unsecured Notes Offering (b)
5.625% Senior Unsecured Notes2027February 15 and August 151,300  —  
5.000% Senior Unsecured Notes2027January 31 and July 31—  1,300  
Total$1,300  $1,300  
Net Proceeds$1,287  $1,287  
Debt issuance and other fees (c)$16  $13  
___________
(a)The 5.625% senior unsecured notes due 2027 (the February 2019 Senior Unsecured Notes) were sold pursuant to a purchase agreement by and among Vistra Operations, the Guarantor Subsidiaries and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, as representative of the several initial purchasers. Net proceeds, together with cash on hand, were used to pay the purchase price and accrued interest (together with fees and expenses) required in connection with (i) the February 2019 Tender Offer (defined below) and (ii) the redemption of approximately $35 million aggregate principal amount of our 7.375% senior unsecured notes due 2022 (7.375% senior notes) and approximately $25 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 8.034% senior unsecured notes due 2024 (8.034% senior notes).
(b)The 5.000% senior unsecured notes due 2027 (the June 2019 Notes Offering). The 5.00% senior notesSenior Unsecured Notes) were sold pursuant to a purchase agreement by and among Vistra Operations, the Guarantor Subsidiaries and Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, as representative of the several initial purchasers. Fees and expenses related to the offering totaled $13 million in the three months ended June 30, 2019, which were capitalized as a reduction in the carrying amount of the debt. Net proceeds, from the June 2019 Notes Offering totaling approximately $1.287 billion, together with cash on hand, were used to pay the purchase price and accrued interest (together with fees and expenses) required in connection with (i) the June 2019 Tender Offer described below(defined below) and (ii) the redemption of approximately $306 million of our outstanding 7.375% senior unsecured notes due 2022 (7.375% senior notes) and approximately $87 million of our 7.625% senior unsecured notes due 2024 (7.625% senior notes) in July 2019. The 5.00% senior notes mature in July 2027, with interest payable in cash semiannually in arrearsWe recorded an extinguishment gain of $2 million on January 31and July 31 beginning January 31, 2020.

In February 2019, Vistra Operations issued and sold $1.3 billion aggregate principal amount of 5.625% senior unsecured notes due 2027 (5.625% senior notes) in an offering to eligible purchasers under Rule 144A and Regulation S under the Securities Act (the February 2019 Notes Offering). The 5.625% senior notes were sold pursuant to a purchase agreement by and among Vistra Operations, the Guarantor Subsidiaries and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, as representative of the several initial purchasers. Fees and expenses related to the offering totaled $16 millionredemptions in the threesix months ended March 31, 2019, which were capitalizedJune 30, 2019.
(c)Capitalized as a reduction in the carrying amount of the debt. Net proceeds from

The indentures governing the June 2019 Senior Unsecured Notes, the February 2019 Senior Unsecured Notes Offering totaling approximately $1.287 billion, together with cash on hand, were used to payand the purchase price and accrued interest (together with fees and expenses) required in connection with (i) the February 2019 Tender Offer described below, (ii) the redemption of approximately $35 million aggregate principal amount of our 7.375% senior notes and (iii) the redemption of approximately $25 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 8.034% senior unsecured notes due 2024 (8.034% senior notes). The 5.625% senior notes mature in February 2027, with interest payable in cash semiannually in arrears on February 15 and August 15 beginning August 15, 2019.


In August 2018, Vistra Operations issued $1.0 billion principal amount of 5.500% senior unsecured notes due 2026 (5.500% senior notes, and together with the 5.00% senior notes and the 5.625% senior notes, the Vistra Operations Senior Unsecured Notes) in an offering to eligible purchasers under Rule 144A and Regulation S under the Securities Act (the 2018 Notes Offering). The 5.500% senior notes were sold pursuant to a purchase agreement by and among Vistra Operations, the Guarantor Subsidiaries and Citigroup Global Markets Inc., as representative of the several initial purchasers. Fees and expenses related to the offering totaled $12 million in the three months ended September 30, 2018, which were capitalized as a reduction in the carrying amount of the debt. Net proceeds from the 2018 Notes Offering totaling approximately $990 million, together with cash on hand and cash received from the funding of the Receivables Facility (see Note 10), were used to pay the purchase price and accrued interest (together with fees and expenses) required in connection with the 2018 Tender Offers described below. The 5.500% senior notes mature in September 2026, with interest payable in cash semiannually in arrears on March 1 and September 1 beginning March 1, 2019.

The indentures governing the 5.00% senior notes, the 5.625% senior notes and the 5.500% senior notes (collectively, as each may be amended or supplemented from time to time, the Vistra Operations Senior Unsecured Indentures) provide for the full and unconditional guarantee by the Guarantor Subsidiaries of the punctual payment of the principal and interest on such notes. The Vistra Operations Senior Unsecured Indentures contain certain covenants and restrictions, including, among others, restrictions on the ability of the IssuerVistra Operations and its subsidiaries, as applicable, to create certain liens, merge or consolidate with another entity, and sell all or substantially all of their assets.

Vistra Energy Senior Unsecured Notes
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Debt Repurchase Program
Bond Repurchase Program
In November 2018, our board of directors (the Board) authorized a bond repurchase program under which up to $200 million principal amount of outstanding Vistra Energy Senior Unsecured Notes could be repurchased. In July 2019, the Board authorized up to $1.0 billion to repay or repurchase any outstanding debt of the Company (or its subsidiaries), with that authority superseding the remaining availability under the $200 million bond repurchase program. Through June 30,April 2020, $684 million amount of debt had been repurchased under the $1.0 billion July 2019 $119authorization, including the repurchase of $100 million principal amount of Term Loan B-3 Facility borrowings discussed above and the redemption of $81 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of 8.000% senior unsecured notes due 2025 (8.000% senior notes) discussed below. In April 2020, the Board authorized up to $1.0 billion to repay or repurchase additional outstanding debt, with this new authority superseding and replacing the $316 million of availability under the previously authorized $1.0 billion debt repurchase program. Through July 31, 2020, approximately $666 million had been repurchased under the $1.0 billion April 2020 authorization, consisting of the redemption of the Vistra Energy Senior5.875% senior unsecured notes due 2023 (5.875% senior notes) and the redemption of the Vistra 8.125% senior unsecured notes due 2026 (8.125% senior notes), each as described below.

Vistra Senior Unsecured Notes

July 2020 Redemption — In July 2020, Vistra redeemed the entire $166 million aggregate principal amount of 8.125% senior notes, at a redemption price equal to 104.063% of the aggregate principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the date of redemption (July 2020 Redemption). Following the July 2020 Redemption, Vistra had been repurchased. No repurchases were madeno outstanding senior notes at the Parent level.

June 2020 RedemptionIn June 2020, Vistra redeemed the entire $500 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of 5.875% senior notes at a redemption price equal to 100.979% of the aggregate principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the date of redemption (the June 2020 Redemption). We recorded an extinguishment gain of $3 million on the transaction in the three and six months ended June 30, 2019.2020.

January 2020 Redemption — In January 2020, Vistra redeemed the entire $81 millionaggregate principal amount outstanding of 8.000% senior notes at a redemption price equal to 104.0% of the aggregate principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the date of redemption (January 2020 Redemption, and together with the June 2020 Redemption and the July 2020 Redemption, the Redemptions). We recorded an extinguishment gain of $2 million on the transaction in the six months ended June 30, 2020.

June 2019 Tender Offer — In June 2019, Vistra Energy used the net proceeds from the June 2019 Senior Unsecured Notes Offering to fund a cash tender offer (the June(June 2019 Tender Offer) to purchase for cash $845 million aggregate principal amount of certain notes assumed in the Merger, including $173 million of 7.375% senior notes and $672 million of 7.625% senior notes. We recorded an extinguishment gain of $7 million on the transactions in the threesix months ended June 30, 2019. In July 2019, Vistra Energy accepted and settled an additional approximately $1 million aggregate principal amount of outstanding 7.625% senior notes that were tendered after the early tender date of the June 2019 Tender Offer.

February 2019 Tender Offer and Consent Solicitation — In February 2019, Vistra Energy used the net proceeds from the February 2019 Senior Unsecured Notes Offering to fund a cash tender offer (the February(February 2019 Tender Offer)Offer, and together with the June 2019 Tender Offer, the Tender Offers) to purchase for cash $1.193 billion aggregate principal amount of 7.375% senior notes assumed in the Merger. We recorded an extinguishment gain of $7 million on the transactions in the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2019.

In connection with the February 2019 Tender Offer, Vistra Energy also commenced a solicitation of consents from holders of the 7.375% senior notes. Vistra Energy received the requisite consents from the holders of the 7.375% senior notes and amended the indenture governing these senior notes to, among other things, eliminate substantially all of the restrictive covenants and certain events of default.

August 2018As of June 30, 2020, as a result of the Tender Offers and Consent Solicitations — In August 2018, Vistra Energy used the net proceeds from the 2018 Notes Offering, proceeds from the Receivables Facility (see Note 10) and cash on hand to fund cash tender offers (the 2018 Tender Offers) to purchase for cash $1.542 billion aggregate principal amount of Vistra Energy Senior Unsecured Notes assumed in the Merger. We recorded an extinguishment loss of $27 million on the transactions in the three months ended September 30, 2018. Notes purchased consistedRedemptions of the following:

$26 million of 7.625% senior notes;
$163 million of 8.034% senior notes;
$669 million of 8.000%Vistra senior unsecured notes, due 2025 (8.000% senior notes), and
$684 million of 8.125% senior unsecured notes due 2026 (8.125% senior notes).


In connection with the 2018 Tender Offers, Vistra Energy also commenced solicitations of consents from holders of the 7.375% senior notes, the 7.625% senior notes, the 8.034% senior notes, the 8.000% senior notes andonly the 8.125% senior notes to amend certain provisions of the applicable indentures governing each series of senior notes and the registration rights agreement with respect to the 8.125% senior notes. Vistra Energy received the requisite consents from the holders of the 8.034% senior notes, the 8.000% senior notes and theremained outstanding. The 8.125% senior notes (collectively, the Consent Senior Notes) and amended (a) the indentures governing each serieswere redeemed in July 2020.

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Table of the applicable senior notes to, among other things, eliminate substantially all of the restrictive covenants and certain events of default and (b) the registration rights agreement with respect to the 8.125% senior notes to remove, among other things, the requirement that Vistra Energy commence an exchange offer to issue registered securities in exchange for the existing, nonregistered notes.Contents

Other Long-Term Debt
Assumption of Senior Notes in Merger
Forward Capacity AgreementsOn the Merger Date, Vistra Energy assumed $6.138 billion principal amount of Dynegy's senior unsecured notes. In May 2018, $850 million of outstanding 6.75% senior unsecured notes due 2019 were redeemed at a redemption price of 101.688% of the aggregate principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest up to but not including the date of redemption. Fees and expenses related to the redemption totaled $14 million in the three months ended June 30, 2018 and were recorded as interest expense and other charges on the condensed statements of consolidated income (loss). In June 2018, each of the Company's subsidiaries that guaranteed the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities (and did not already guarantee the senior notes) provided a guarantee on the senior notes that remained outstanding.

The senior notes that remain outstanding after the closing of the Tender Offers are unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of Vistra Energy and are guaranteed by substantially all of its current and future wholly owned domestic subsidiaries that from time to time are a borrower or guarantor under the agreement governing the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities (Credit Facilities Agreement) (see Note 20). Except with respect to the Consent Senior Notes, the respective indentures of the senior notes of Vistra Energy (collectively, as each may be amended or supplemented from time to time, the Vistra Energy Senior Unsecured Indentures) limit, among other things, the ability of the Company or any of the guarantors to create liens upon any principal property to secure debt for borrowed money in excess of, among other limitations, 30% of total assets. The Vistra Energy Senior Unsecured Indentures also contain customary events of default which would permit the holders of the applicable series of senior notes to declare such notes to be immediately due and payable if not cured within applicable grace periods, including the failure to make timely principal or interest payments on such notes or (except with respect to the Consent Senior Notes) other indebtedness aggregating $100 million or more, and, except with respect to the Consent Senior Notes, the failure to satisfy covenants, and specified events of bankruptcy and insolvency.

Amortizing Notes

On the Merger Date, Vistra Energy assumed the obligations of Dynegy's senior unsecured amortizing note (Amortizing Notes) that matured on July 1, 2019. The Amortizing Notes were issued in connection with the issuance of the tangible equity units (TEUs) by Dynegy (see Note 14). Each installment payment per Amortizing Note was paid in cash and constituted a partial repayment of principal and a payment of interest, computed at an annual rate of 7.00%. Interest was calculated on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. Payments were applied first to the interest due and payable and then to the reduction of the unpaid principal amount, allocated as set forth in the indenture (Amortizing Notes Indenture). On the maturity date, the Company paid all amounts due under the Amortizing Notes Indenture and the Amortizing Notes Indenture ceased to be of further force and effect.

Forward Capacity Agreements

On the Merger Date, the Company assumed the obligation of Dynegy's agreements under which a portion of the PJM capacity that cleared for Planning Years 2018-2019, 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 was sold to a financial institution (Forward Capacity Agreements). The buyer in this transaction will receive capacity payments from PJM during the Planning Years 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 in the amountsamount of $112 million and $110 million, respectively.$101 million. We will continue to be subject to the performance obligations as well as any associated performance penalties and bonus payments for those planning years. As a result, this transaction is accounted for as long-term debt of $222 million with an implied interest rate of 3.36%2.29%.


Equipment Financing Agreements

On the Merger Date, the Company assumed Dynegy's Equipment Financing Agreements. Under certain of our contractual service agreements in which we receive maintenance and capital improvements for our gas-fueled generation fleet, we have obtained parts and equipment intended to increase the output, efficiency and availability of our generation units. We have financed these parts and equipment under agreements with maturities ranging from 20192020 to 2026. The portion

Letter of future payments attributable to principal will be classifiedCredit Obligations Assumed in Ambit Transaction — At June 30, 2020, approximately $3 million of letters of credit were outstanding under legacy Ambit agreements, all of which are collateralized with cash and recorded as restricted cash outflows from financing activities, andin the portion of future payments attributable to interest will be classified as cash outflows from operating activities in our condensed statements of consolidated cash flows.balance sheets.

Maturities

Long-term debt maturities (including mandatory amortization of the Term Loan B Facility) at June 30, 20192020 are as follows:
June 30, 2020
Remainder of 2020$263  
202196  
202244  
202340  
20241,540  
Thereafter7,678  
Unamortized premiums, discounts and debt issuance costs(63) 
Total long-term debt, including amounts due currently$9,598  
 June 30, 2019
Remainder of 2019$93
2020144
202170
2022321
20232,408
Thereafter8,322
Unamortized premiums, discounts and debt issuance costs(4)
Total long-term debt, including amounts due currently$11,354


12.LEASES

12. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Vistra has operating leases for real estate, rail cars, rental tanks and equipment. Our leases have remaining lease terms for 1 to 38 years. Our leases include options to renew up to 14 years. Certain leases also contain options to terminate the lease.

Lease Cost

The following table presents costs related to lease activities:
 Three Months
Ended
June 30, 2019
 Six Months
Ended
June 30, 2019
Operating lease cost$3
 $7
Finance lease:   
Finance lease right-of-use asset amortization1
 2
Interest on lease liabilities1
 1
Total finance lease cost2
 3
Variable lease cost (a)6
 12
Short-term lease cost8
 13
Sublease income (b)(2) (4)
Net lease cost$17
 $31
____________
(a)Represents coal stockpile management services, common area maintenance services and rail car payments based on the number of rail cars used.
(b)Represents sublease income related to real estate leases.


Balance Sheet Information

The following table presents lease related balance sheet information:
 June 30, 2019
Lease assets 
Operating lease right-of-use assets$34
Finance lease right-of-use assets (net of accumulated depreciation)61
Total lease right-of-use assets95
Current lease liabilities 
Operating lease liabilities13
Finance lease liabilities5
Total current lease liabilities18
Noncurrent lease liabilities 
Operating lease liabilities40
Finance lease liabilities74
Total noncurrent lease liabilities114
Total lease liabilities$132


Guarantees
Cash Flow and Other Information

The following table presents lease related cash flow and other information:
 Six Months
Ended
June 30, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities 
Operating cash flows from operating leases$7
Operating cash flow from finance leases2
Finance cash flow from finance leases1
Non-cash disclosure upon commencement of new lease 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities72
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities15
Non-cash disclosure upon modification of existing lease 
Modification of operating lease right-of-use assets(36)
Modification of finance lease right-of-use assets50


Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term

The following table presents weighted average remaining lease term information:
June 30, 2019
Weighted average remaining lease term
Operating lease8 years
Finance lease18 years
Weighted average discount rate
Operating lease6.04%
Finance lease6.07%



Maturity of Lease Liabilities

The following table presents maturity of lease liabilities:
 Operating lease Finance lease Total lease
Remainder of 2019$7
 $4
 $11
202014
 9
 23
20219
 9
 18
20227
 9
 16
20236
 9
 15
Thereafter22
 79
 101
Total lease payments65
 119
 184
Less: Interest(12) (40) (52)
Present value of lease liabilities$53
 $79
 $132


As of June 30, 2019, we have no material operating or finance leases that have not yet commenced.

13.COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Guarantees

We have entered into contracts including the assumed Dynegy senior unsecured notes described above, that contain guarantees to unaffiliated parties that could require performance or payment under certain conditions. As of June 30, 2019,2020, there are no material outstanding claims related to our guarantee obligations, and we do not anticipate we will be required to make any material payments under these guarantees.guarantees in the near term.

Letters of Credit

At June 30, 2019,2020, we had outstanding letters of credit totaling $1.052$1.391 billion as follows:

$896 million1.117 billion to support commodity risk management collateral requirements in the normal course of business, including over-the-counter and exchange-traded transactions and collateral postings with ISOs or RTOs;
$46108 million to support battery and solar development projects;
$45 million to support executory contracts and insurance agreements;
$5559 million to support our REP financial requirements with the PUCT, and
$5562 million for other credit support requirements.

Surety Bonds

At June 30, 2019,2020, we had outstanding surety bonds totaling $27$71 million to support performance under various contracts and legal obligations in the normal course of business.

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Litigation and Regulatory Proceedings

Our material legal proceedings and regulatory proceedings affecting our business are described below. We believe that we have valid defenses to the legal proceedings described below and intend to defend them vigorously. We also intend to participate in the regulatory processes described below. We record reserves for estimated losses related to these matters when information available indicates that a loss is probable and the amount of the loss, or range of loss, can be reasonably estimated. As applicable, we have established an adequate reserve for the matters discussed below. In addition, legal costs are expensed as incurred. Management has assessed each of the following legal matters based on current information and made a judgment concerning its potential outcome, considering the nature of the claim, the amount and nature of damages sought, and the probability of success. Unless specified below, we are unable to predict the outcome of these matters or reasonably estimate the scope or amount of any associated costs and potential liabilities, but they could have a material impact on our results of operations, liquidity, or financial condition. As additional information becomes available, we adjust our assessment and estimates of such contingencies accordingly. Because litigation and rulemaking proceedings are subject to inherent uncertainties and unfavorable rulings or developments, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of these matters could be at amounts that are different from our currently recorded reserves and that such differences could be material.

Gas Index Pricing Litigation — We, through our subsidiaries, and other energy companies are named as defendants in several lawsuits claiming damages resulting from alleged price manipulation through false reporting of natural gas prices to various index publications, wash trading and churn trading from 2000-2002. The plaintiffs in these cases allege that the defendants engaged in an antitrust conspiracy to inflate natural gas prices in three states (Kansas, Missouri and Wisconsin) during the relevant time period and seek damages under the respective state antitrust statutes. The cases had been consolidated (along with other similar cases) in a multi-district litigation (MDL) proceeding in the U.S. District Court for Nevada, but in January 2019 the MDL judge issued an order remanding the consolidated cases back to their respective courts of origin. Along with the other defendants, we had previously reached settlement terms in the Kansas and Missouri class action cases, and plaintiffs in those cases filed a Notice of Settlement with the judge in the multi-district court proceeding. We remain as defendants in two2 consolidated putative class actions (Wisconsin) and one1 individual action (Kansas) on behalf of Farmland Industries, Inc. While we cannot predict the outcome of these legal proceedings, or estimate a range of costs, they could have a material impact on our results of operations, liquidity or financial condition.both pending in federal court in those states.


Advatech Dispute — In September 2016, Illinois Power Generating Company (Genco), terminated its Second Amended and Restated Newton Flue Gas Desulfurization System Engineering, Procurement, Construction and Commissioning Services Contract dated as of December 15, 2014 with Advatech, LLC (Advatech). Advatech issued Genco its final invoice in September 2016 totaling $81 million. Genco contested the invoice in October 2016 and believes the proper amount is less than $1 million. In October 2016, Advatech initiated the dispute resolution process under the contract and filed for arbitration in March 2017. The arbitration hearing occurred in October 2018, and the arbitration panel issued a final award in June 2019, including pre-award and post-award interest and fees totaling approximately $46 million, of which $42 million was recorded as a liability as part of our purchase price allocation of the Merger, $2 million was recorded as interest expense in our condensed statements of consolidated income (loss) and $2 million was recorded as selling, general and administrative expense in our condensed statements of consolidated income (loss). In June 2019, Genco moved to vacate the award in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Illinois, and Advatech moved to confirm the award in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois.

Wood River Rail Dispute — In November 2017, Dynegy Midwest Generation, LLC (DMG) received notification that BNSF Railway Company and Norfolk Southern Railway Company were initiating dispute resolution related to DMG's suspension of its Wood River Rail Transportation Agreement with the railroads. Settlement discussions required under the dispute resolution process have been unsuccessful. In March 2018, BNSF Railway Company (BNSF) and Norfolk Southern Railway Company (NS) filed a demand for arbitration. Thearbitration and an arbitration hearing on the merits is currently scheduled for FebruaryMarch 2021.

Coffeen and Duck Creek Rail Disputes — In April 2020, IPH, LLC (IPH) received notification that BNSF and NS were initiating dispute resolution related to IPH's suspension of its Coffeen Rail Transportation Agreement with the railroads, and Illinois Power Resources Generating, LLC (IPRG), received notification that BNSF was initiating dispute resolution related to IPRG's suspension of its Duck Creek Rail Transportation Agreement with BNSF.In November 2019, IPH and IPRG sent suspension notices to the railroads asserting that the MPS rule requirement to retire at least 2,000 megawatts of generation (see discussion below) was a change-in-law under the agreement that rendered continued operation of the plants no longer economically feasible.In addition, IPH and IPRG asserted that the MPS rule's retirement requirement also qualified as a force majeure event under the agreements excusing performance.

ME2C Patent Dispute — In July 2019, Midwest Energy Emissions Corporation and MES Inc. (collectively, the plaintiffs) filed a patent infringement complaint in federal court in Delaware against numerous parties, including Vistra and some of its subsidiaries (collectively, the Vistra defendants), and its amended complaint in July 2020. We disputeThe amended complaint alleges that the railroads' allegationsVistra defendants infringed five patents owned by the plaintiffs by using specific processes for mercury control at certain coal-fueled plants. The amended complaint seeks injunctive relief and will defend our position vigorously. While we cannot predictunspecified damages. In July 2020, the outcomeplaintiffs and the Vistra defendants entered into an agreement resolving all the claims alleged against the Vistra defendants in the complaint. The court signed its stipulation and order of this legal proceeding, or estimate a range of costs, it could have a material impact on our results of operations, liquidity or financial condition.dismissal in July 2020, dismissing the Vistra defendants from the lawsuit.

Greenhouse Gas Emissions

In August 2015, the EPA finalized rules to address greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (GHG) from electricity generation units, referred to as the Clean Power Plan, including rules for existing facilities that would establish state-specific emissions rate goals to reduce nationwide CO2 emissions. Various parties (including Luminant) filed petitions for review in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (D.C. Circuit Court) and subsequently, in January 2016, a coalition of state, industry (including Luminant) and other parties filed applications with the U.S. Supreme Court (Supreme Court) asking that the Supreme Court stay the rule pending review by the D.C. Circuit Court. In February 2016, the Supreme Court stayed the rule. After oral argument in September 2016, the case was placed in abeyance and remains pending before the D.C. Circuit Court.. In July 2019, petitioners filed a joint motion to dismiss in light of the EPA's new rule the Affordable Clean Energy rule, that replaces the Clean Power Plan, the Affordable Clean Energy rule, discussed below. That motion remains pending beforeIn September 2019, the D.C. Circuit Court.Court granted petitioners' motion to dismiss and dismissed all of the petitions challenging the Clean Power Plan as moot.

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In July 2019, the EPA finalized a rule to repeal the Clean Power Plan, with new regulations addressing GHG emissions from existing coal-fueled electric generation units, referred to as the Affordable Clean Energy (ACE) rule. The ACE rule develops emission guidelines that states must use when developing plans to regulate GHG emissions from existing coal-fueled electric generating units. States must submit their plans for regulating GHG emissions from existing facilities by July 2022. States where we operate coal plants (Texas, Illinois and Ohio) have begun the development of their state plans to comply with the rule. Environmental groups and certain states filed a petitionpetitions for review of the ACE rule and the repeal of the Clean Power Plan in the D.C. Circuit Court. Additionally, in December 2018, the EPA issued proposed revisions to the emission standards for new, modified and reconstructed units. Vistra submitted comments on that proposed rulemaking. While we cannot predict the outcome of these rulemakings and related legal proceedings, or estimate a range of reasonably probable costs, the rules, if implemented, could have a material impact on our results of operations, liquidity or financial condition.rulemaking in March 2019.

Regional Haze — Reasonable Progress and Best Available Retrofit Technology (BART) for Texas

In January 2016, the EPA issued a final rule approving in part and disapproving in part Texas's 2009 State Implementation Plan (SIP) as it relates to the reasonable progress component of the Regional Haze program and issuing a Federal Implementation Plan (FIP). The EPA's emission limits in the FIP assume additional control equipment for specific lignite/coal-fueled generation units across Texas, including new flue gas desulfurization systems (scrubbers) at seven electricity generation units (including Big Brown Units 1 and 2, Monticello Units 1 and 2 and Coleto Creek) and upgrades to existing scrubbers at seven generation units (including Martin Lake Units 1, 2 and 3, Monticello Unit 3 and Sandow Unit 4).


In March 2016, various parties (including Luminant and the State of Texas) filed petitions for review in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (Fifth Circuit Court) challenging the FIP's Texas requirements. In July 2016, the Fifth Circuit Court granted motions to stay the rule pending final review of the petitions for review. In March 2017, the Fifth Circuit Court granted a motion by the EPA to remand the rule back to the EPA for reconsideration. The stay of the rule (and the emission control requirements) remains in effect. The retirements of our Monticello, Big Brown and Sandow 4 plants should have a favorable impact on this rulemaking and litigation. While we cannot predict the outcome of the rulemaking and legal proceedings, or estimate a range of reasonably possible costs, the result could have a material impact on our results of operations, liquidity or financial condition.

In September 2017, the EPA signed a final rule addressing BART for Texas electricity generation units, with the rule serving as a partial approval of Texas's 2009 SIP and a partial FIP. For SO2, the rule createsestablished an intrastate Texas emission allowance trading program as a "BART alternative" that operates in a similar fashion to a CSAPR trading program. The program includes 39 generating units (including our Martin Lake, Big Brown, Monticello, Sandow 4, Coleto Creek, Stryker 2 and Graham 2 plants). The compliance obligations in the program started on January 1, 2019. We believe theThe retirements of our Monticello, Big Brown and Sandow 4 plants will enhancehave enhanced our ability to comply with this BART rule for SO2. For NOX, the rule adoptsadopted the CSAPR's ozone program as BART and for particulate matter, the rule approvesapproved Texas's SIP that determines that no electricity generation units are subject to BART for particulate matter. Various parties filed a petition challenging the rule in the Fifth Circuit Court as well as a petition for reconsideration filed with the EPA. Luminant intervened on behalf of the EPA in the Fifth Circuit Court action. In March 2018, the Fifth Circuit Court abated its proceedings untilpending conclusion of the EPA concludes theEPA's reconsideration process. In August 2018,June 2020, the EPA issuedsigned a proposedfinal rule affirming the prior BART final rule and seeking comments onbut also includes additional revisions that proposal, which were dueproposed in October 2018. WhileNovember 2019. As finalized, we cannot predictexpect that we will be able to comply with the outcome of the rulemaking and legal proceedings, we believe the rule, if ultimately implemented or upheld as issued, will not have a material impact on our results of operations, liquidity or financial condition.rule.

Affirmative Defenses During Malfunctions

In May 2015, the EPA finalized a rule requiring 36 states, including Texas, Illinois and Ohio, to remove or replace either EPA-approved exemptions or affirmative defense provisions for excess emissions during upset events and unplanned maintenance and startup and shutdown events, referred to as the SIP Call. Various parties (including Luminant, the State of Texas and the State of Ohio) filed petitions for review of the EPA's final rule, and all of those petitions were consolidated in the D.C. Circuit Court. In April 2017, the D.C. Circuit Court ordered the case to be held in abeyance. In April 2019, the EPA Region 6 proposed a rule to withdraw the SIP Call with respect to the Texas affirmative defense provisions. We submitted comments on that proposed rulemaking. We cannot predictrulemaking in June 2019. In February 2020, the timing or outcomeEPA issued the final rule withdrawing the Texas SIP Call.In April 2020, a group of this proceeding, or estimateenvironmental petitioners, including the Sierra Club, filed a range of reasonably possible costs, but implementation ofpetition in the 2015 rule as finalized could have a material impact on our results of operations, liquidity or financial condition.D.C. Circuit Court challenging the EPA's action.

Illinois Multi-Pollutant Standards (MPS)

In 2007, our MISO coal-fueled generation facilities became subject to the Illinois multi-pollutant standard rule (MPS rule), which requires compliance with NOX, SO2 and mercury emissions limits. We are in compliance with the MPS rule. In October 2017, the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA) filed aAugust 2019, changes proposed rule withby the Illinois Pollution Control Board (IPCB) that would amendto the MPS rule, by replacingwhich places NOx, SO2 and mercury emissions limits on our coal plants located in MISO went into effect. Under the two separate group-wide annual emission rate limits that currently apply torevised MPS rule, our eight downstate Illinois coal-fueled stations with tonnage limits for bothallowable SO2 (annual) and NOX (annualemissions from the MISO fleet are 48% and seasonal) that apply42% lower, respectively, than prior to the eight stations as a single group. In March 2019, we were asked to agree to even further reduced emission caps and in order to move the rule forward, committed to 2,000 MW of coal plant retirements following finalization of the rule. Under the proposal, allowable annual emissions of SO2 would be 48% lower than the currentchanges. The revised MPS rule and NOX emission would be 42% lower. All other federal and state air quality regulations, including health-based standards, would remain unchanged and in place. The proposed rule also would impose new requirements to ensurerequires the continuous operation of existing selective catalytic reduction (SCR) control systems during the ozone season, requirerequires SCR-controlled units to meet an ozone season NOX emission rate limit, and set an additional, site-specific annual SO2 limit for our Joppa Power Station. In JuneAdditionally, in 2019, the IPCB votedCompany retired its Havana, Hennepin, Coffeen and Duck Creek plants in order to approvecomply with the rule and it now awaits review byMPS rule's requirement to retire at least 2,000 MW of our generation in MISO. See Note 4 for information regarding the Joint Committee on Administrative Rules. We are supportiveretirement of the proposed rule as it would provide operational flexibility to our MISO fleet while also providing a number of regulatory and environmental benefits. We expect the rule to be finalized in 2019.these four plants.


SO2 SO2 Designations for Texas


In November 2016, the EPA finalized its nonattainment designations for counties surrounding our Big Brown, Monticello and Martin Lake generation plants. The final designations require Texas to develop nonattainment plans for these areas. In February 2017, the State of Texas and Luminant filed challenges to the nonattainment designations in the Fifth Circuit Court. Subsequently, in October 2017, the Fifth Circuit Court granted the EPA's motion to hold the case in abeyance considering the EPA's representation that it intended to revisit the nonattainment rule. In December 2017, the TCEQ submitted a petition for reconsideration to the EPA. In addition, with respect to Monticello and Big Brown,August 2019, the retirement of those plants should favorably impact our legal challenge to theEPA issued a proposed Error Correction Rule for all three areas, which, if finalized, would revise its previous nonattainment designations and each area at issue would be designated unclassifiable. In September 2019, we submitted comments in thatsupport of the nonattainment designations for Freestone County and Titus County are based solely on the Sierra Club modeling, which we dispute, of SOproposed Error Correction Rule.
2 emissions from Monticello and Big Brown. Regardless, considering these retirements, the nonattainment designations for those counties are no longer supported. While we cannot predict the outcome of this matter, or estimate a range of reasonably possible costs, the result could have a material impact on our results of operations, liquidity or financial condition.

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Effluent Limitation Guidelines (ELGs)

In November 2015, the EPA revised the ELGs for steam electricity generation facilities, which will impose more stringent standards (as individual permits are renewed) for wastewater streams, such as flue gas desulfurization (FGD), fly ash, bottom ash and flue gas mercury control wastewaters. Various parties filed petitions for review of the ELG rule, and the petitions were consolidated in the Fifth Circuit Court. In April 2017, the EPA granted petitions requesting reconsideration of the ELG final rule and administratively stayed the rule's compliance date deadlines. In August 2017, the EPA announced that its reconsideration of the 2015 ELG final rule would be limited to a review of the effluent limitations applicable to FGD and bottom ash wastewaters and the agency subsequently postponed the earliest compliance dates in the 2015 ELG Rulerule for the application of effluent limitations for FGD and bottom ash wastewaters from November 1, 2018 to November 1, 2020. Based on these administrative developments, the Fifth Circuit Court agreed to sever and hold in abeyance challenges to effluent limitations. The remainder of the case proceeded, and in April 2019 the Fifth Circuit Court vacated and remanded portions of the EPA's ELG rule pertaining to effluent limitations for legacy wastewater and leachate. In November 2019, the EPA issued a proposal that would extend the compliance deadline for FGD wastewater to no later than December 31, 2025 and maintains the December 31, 2023 compliance date for bottom ash transport water. The EPA has not yetproposal also creates new sub-categories of facilities with more flexible FGD compliance options, including a retirement exemption to 2028 and a low utilization boiler exemption. The proposed or finalized a rule reconsideringalso modified some of the FGD and bottom ash wastewater provisions offinal effluent limitations. We filed comments on the 2015 ELG rule.proposal in January 2020.

Given the EPA's decision to reconsider the FGD and bottom ash wastewater provisions of the ELG rule, the rule postponing the ELG rule's earliest compliance dates for those provisions, the uncertainty stemming from the vacatur of the effluent limitations for legacy wastewater and leachate, and the intertwined relationship of the ELG rule with the Coal Combustion Residuals rule discussed below, which is also being reconsidered by the EPA, as well as pending legal challenges concerning both rules, substantial uncertainty exists regarding our projected capital expenditures for ELG compliance, including the timing of such expenditures. While we cannot predict the outcome of this matter, or estimate a range of costs, it could have a material impact on our results of operations, liquidity or financial condition.

New Source Review and CAA Matters

New Source Review — Since 1999, the EPA has engaged in a nationwide enforcement initiative to determine whether coal-fueled power plants failed to comply with the requirements of the New Source Review (NSR) and New Source Performance Standard provisions under the CAA when the plants implemented changes. The EPA's NSR initiative focuses on whether projects performed at power plants triggered various permitting requirements, including the need to install pollution control equipment.

In August 2013, the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ), acting as the attorneys for the EPA, filed a civil enforcement lawsuit against Luminant in federal district court in Dallas, alleging violations of the CAA, including its NSR standards, at our Big Brown and Martin Lake generation facilities. The lawsuit requests (i) the maximum civil penalties available under the CAA to the government of up to $32,500 to $37,500 per day for each alleged violation, depending on the date of the alleged violation, and (ii) injunctive relief, including an order to apply for pre-construction permits which may require the installation of best available control technology at the affected units. In August 2015, the district court granted Luminant's motion to dismiss seven of the nine claims asserted by the EPA in the lawsuit.


In January 2017, the EPA dismissed its two remaining claims with prejudice and the district court entered final judgment in Luminant's favor. In March 2017, the EPA and the Sierra Club appealed the final judgment to the Fifth Circuit Court. In October 2018, the Fifth Circuit Court affirmed in part, reversed in part, and remanded to the district court. The Fifth Circuit Court's decision held that the district court properly dismissed all of the civil penalties as time-barred. The Fifth Circuit Court further held that the grounds cited by the district court did not support dismissal of the injunctive relief claims at this early stage of the case and remanded the case back to the district court for further consideration. In November 2018, we filed a petition for rehearing en banc on two issues and the EPA has filed a response to that petition. In July 2019, the full Fifth Circuit Court granted our en banc petition and oral argument will be held in September 2019. We believe that we have complied with all requirements of the CAA and intend to continue to vigorously defend against the remaining allegations. An adverse outcome could require substantial capital expenditures that cannot be determined at this time or retirement of the remaining plant at issue, Martin Lake. The retirement of the Big Brown plant should have a favorable impact on this litigation.

Zimmer NOVs— In December 2014, the EPA issued a notice of violation (NOV) alleging violation of opacity standards at the Zimmer facility. The EPA previously had issued NOVs to Zimmer in 2008 and 2010 alleging violations of the CAA, the Ohio State Implementation Plan and the station's air permits including standards applicable to opacity, sulfur dioxide, sulfuric acid mist and heat input. The NOVs remain unresolved.

Edwards CAA Citizen SuitIn April 2013, environmental groupsJanuary 2020, the U.S. Department of Justice filed a CAA citizen suitcomplaint and proposed consent decree agreed to by Dynegy Zimmer, LLC in the U.S. District Court for the CentralSouthern District of Illinois alleging violations of opacityOhio that would resolve claims alleged in the 2008, 2010 and particulate matter limits at our MISO segment's Edwards facility. In August 2016, the district court granted the plaintiffs' motion for summary judgment on certain liability issues. In March 2019, the court denied the parties' motions for summary judgment on remedy issues. A bench trial on the remedy issues is scheduled for the end of September 2019. We dispute the allegations and will defend the case vigorously.

Ultimate resolution of any of these CAA matters could have a material adverse impact on our future financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. A resolution could result2014 NOVs. The District Court approved that consent decree in increased capital expenditures for the installation of pollution control equipment, increased operations and maintenance expenses, and penalties, or could result in an order or a decision to retire these plants. While we cannot predict the outcome of these legal proceedings, or estimate a range of costs, they couldMay 2020. The consent decree does not have a material impact on our results of operations, liquidity or financial condition.

Coal Combustion Residuals/Residuals (CCR)/Groundwater

In July 2018, the EPA published a final rule, which became effective in August 2018, that amends certain provisions of the Coal Combustion Residuals (CCR)CCR rule that the agency issued in 2015. Among other changes, the 2018 revisions extend closure deadlines to October 31, 2020, related to the aquifer location restriction and groundwater monitoring requirements. Also, onin August 21, 2018, the D.C. Circuit Court issued a decision that vacates and remands certain provisions of the 2015 CCR rule, including an applicability exemption for legacy impoundments. The EPA is expected to undertake further revisions to its CCR regulations in response to the D.C. Circuit Court's ruling. In October 2018, the rule that extends certain closure deadlines to 2020 was challenged in the D.C. Circuit Court. In March 2019, the D.C. Circuit Court granted the EPA's request for remand without vacatur. In December 2019, the EPA issued a proposed rule containing a revised closure deadline for unlined CCR impoundments and new procedures for seeking extensions of that revised closure deadline. We filed comments on the proposal in January 2020. In July 2020, the EPA finalized the December 2019 proposal with a final deadline of April 11, 2021 to initiate closure of unlined CCR impoundments. The EPA is expectedfinal rule allows a generation plant to issue proposed rulesseek the EPA's approval to retire by either 2023 or 2028 (depending on these and other aspectsthe size of the CCR rule in the near term. While we cannot predict the impactsimpoundment at issue) as a means of these rule revisions (including whether and if so how the states in which we operate will utilize the authority delegatedcompliance. We may decide to the states through the revisions), or estimate a rangeavail ourselves of reasonably possible costs related to these revisions, the changes that result from these revisions could have a material impact onthis compliance mechanism for some of our results of operations, liquidity or financial condition.facilities.

MISO Segment — In 2012, the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA) issued violation notices alleging violations of groundwater standards onsite at our Baldwin and Vermilion facilities' CCR surface impoundments. InThese violation notices remain unresolved; however, in 2016, the IEPA approved our closure and post-closure care plans for the Baldwin old east, east, and west fly ash CCR surface impoundments. We are working towards implementation of those closure plans.


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At our retired Vermilion facility, which was not subject to the EPA's 2015 CCR rule until the aforementioned D.C. Circuit courtCourt decision in August 2018, we submitted proposed corrective action plans involving closure of two2 CCR surface impoundments (i.e., the old east and the north impoundments) to the IEPA in 2012, withand we submitted revised plans submitted in 2014. In May 2017, in response to a request from the IEPA for additional information regarding the closure of these Vermilion surface impoundments, we agreed to perform additional groundwater sampling and closure options and riverbank stabilizing options. In May 2018, Prairie Rivers Network filed a citizen suit in federal court in Illinois against our subsidiary Dynegy Midwest Generation, LLC (DMG),DMG, alleging violations of the Clean Water Act for alleged unauthorized discharges. In August 2018, we filed a motion to dismiss the lawsuit. In November 2018, the district court granted our motion to dismiss and judgment was entered in our favor. Plaintiffs have appealed the judgment to the U.SU.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit. ThatCircuit and briefing on that appeal is now stayed.underway. In April 2019, PRN also filed a complaint against DMG before the IPCB, alleging that groundwater flows allegedly associated with the ash impoundments at the Vermilion site have resulted in exceedances both of surface water standards and Illinois groundwater standards dating back to 1992. This matter is in the very early stages and we dispute the allegations in the complaint. We dispute the allegations in both of these matters and will vigorously defend our position.stages.

In 2012, the IEPA issued violation notices alleging violations of groundwater standards at the Newton and Coffeen facilities' CCR surface impoundments. We are addressing these CCR surface impoundments in accordance with the federal CCR rule. In June 2018, the IEPA issued a violation notice for alleged seep discharges claimed to be coming from the surface impoundments at our retired Vermilion facility and that notice has since been referred to the Illinois Attorney General.

In December 2018, the Sierra Club filed a complaint with the IPCB alleging the disposal and storage of coal ash at the Coffeen, Edwards and Joppa generation facilities are causing exceedances of the applicable groundwater standards. We dispute the allegations and will vigorously defend our position.

In MayJuly 2019, coal ash disposal and storage legislation passed thein Illinois legislature and is now awaiting signature by the Illinois Governor.was enacted. The legislation addresses state requirements for the proper closure of coal ash ponds in the state of Illinois. The legislationlaw tasks the IEPA and the IPCB to set up a series of guidelines, rules and permit requirements for closure of ash ponds. Assuming the legislation is signed,In March 2020, IEPA issued its proposed rule and we expect the rulemaking process should take about 18 months to complete.be completed by early 2021. Under the legislation,proposed rule, coal ash impoundment owners would be required to submit a closure alternative analysis to the IEPA for the selection of the best method for coal ash remediation at a particular site. The legislationproposed rule does not mandate closure by removal at any site. With respect to near-term costs,Public hearings for the legislation requires that operators pay a one-time fee of $50,000proposed rule have been scheduled for each closed siteAugust 2020 and $75,000 for each open site. This one-time fee is paid six months afterSeptember 2020. We will provide testimony during the effective date of the legislation. The legislation also requires annual permit fees. While we cannot predict the outcome of these proceedings, or estimate a range of costs, they could have a material impact on our results of operations, liquidity or financial condition.hearing process.

For all of the above matters, if remediationcertain corrective action measures, concerningincluding groundwater treatment or removal of ash, are necessaryrequired at any of our coal-fueled facilities, we may incur significant costs that could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. At this time, in part because ofUntil the revisions to the CCR rule that the EPA published in July 2018 and the D.C. Circuit Court's vacatur and remand of certain provisions of the EPA's 2015 CCR rule and the Illinois coal ash legislation,rulemaking are finalized and we cannot reasonably estimateundertake further site specific evaluations required by each program we will not know the costs, orfull range of costs of groundwater remediation, if any, that ultimately may be required. Currentrequired under those rules. However, the currently anticipated CCR surface impoundment and landfill closure costs, as determined bycontained in our AROs, reflect the costs of closure methods that our operations and environmental services teams believe are reflected in our AROs.appropriate and protective of the environment for each location.

MISO 2015-2016 Planning Resource Auction

In May 2015, three3 complaints were filed at FERC regarding the Zone 4 results for the 2015-2016 planning resource auction (PRA) conducted by MISO. Dynegy is a named party in one1 of the complaints. The complainants, Public Citizen, Inc., the Illinois Attorney General and Southwestern Electric Cooperative, Inc. (Complainants), challenged the results of the PRA as unjust and unreasonable, requested rate relief/refunds, and requested changes to the MISO planning resource auction structure going forward. Complainants also alleged that Dynegy may have engaged in economic or physical withholding in Zone 4 constituting market manipulation in the PRA. The Independent Market Monitor for MISO (MISO IMM), which was responsible for monitoring the PRA, determined that all offers were competitive and that no physical or economic withholding occurred. The MISO IMM also stated, in a filing responding to the complaints, that there is no basis for the remedies sought by the Complainants. We filed our answer to these complaints explaining that we complied fully with the terms of the MISO tariff in connection with the PRA and disputing the allegations. The Illinois Industrial Energy Consumers filed a related complaint at FERC against MISO in June 2015 requesting prospective changes to the MISO tariff. Dynegy also responded to this complaint with respect to Dynegy's conduct alleged in the complaint.


In October 2015, FERC issued an order of nonpublic, formal investigation (the investigation) into whether market manipulation or other potential violations of FERC orders, rules and regulations occurred before or during the PRA.

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In December 2015, FERC issued an order on the complaints requiring a number of prospective changes to the MISO tariff provisions effective as of the 2016-2017 planning resource auction. The order did not address the arguments of the Complainants regarding the PRA and stated that those issues remained under consideration and would be addressed in a future order.

In July 2019, FERC issued an order denying the remaining issues raised by the complaints and noted that the investigation into Dynegy was closed. FERC found that Dynegy's conduct did not constitute market manipulation and the results of the PRA were just and reasonable because the PRA was conducted in accordance with MISO's tariff. With the issuance of the order, this matter has been resolved in Dynegy's favor. The request for rehearing was denied by FERC in March 2020. The order was appealed by Public Citizen, Inc. to the D.C. Circuit Court in May 2020, and Vistra, Dynegy and Illinois Power Marketing Company intervened in the case in June 2020. The appeal remains subject to rehearing at FERC and appeal.pending.

Other Matters

We are involved in various legal and administrative proceedings in the normal course of business, the ultimate resolutions of which, in the opinion of management, are not anticipated to have a material effect on our results of operations, liquidity or financial condition.


14.EQUITY
13. EQUITY

Share Repurchase Program

In June 2018, we announced that the Board had authorized a share repurchase program under which up to $500 million of our outstanding common stock may be purchased, and this authorized amount was fully utilized in 2018. In November 2018, we announced that the Board had authorized an incremental share repurchase program (Program) under which up to $1.250 billion of our outstanding stock may be purchased.purchased, resulting in an aggregate $1.750 billion share repurchase program (Share Repurchase Program). No repurchases were made under the Share Repurchase Program in the three and six months ended June 30, 2020. In the three months ended June 30, 2019, 8,558,712 shares of our common stock were repurchased under the Share Repurchase Program for approximately $212 million (including related fees and expenses) at an average price of $24.72 per share of common stock.In the six months ended June 30, 2019, 18,100,329 shares of our common stock were repurchased under the Share Repurchase Program for approximately $448 million (including related fees and expenses) at an average price of $24.75 per share of common stock. On a cumulative basis, 30,173,42059,817,182 shares of our common stock have been repurchased under the Share Repurchase Program for $726 millionapproximately $1.418 billion (including related fees and expenses) at an average price of $24.05$23.72 per share of common stock. AtAs of June 30, 2019, $5242020, approximately $332 million was available for additional repurchases under the Program, and we intend to implement the Program opportunistically from time to time in 2019 and 2020.Share Repurchase Program.

Shares of the Company's common stock may be repurchased in open market transactions at prevailing market prices, in privately negotiated transactions, pursuant to plans complying with the Exchange Act, or by other means in accordance with federal securities laws. The actual timing, number and value of shares repurchased under the Program or otherwise will be determined at our discretion and will depend on a number of factors, including our capital allocation priorities, the market price of our stock, general market and economic conditions, applicable legal requirements and compliance with the terms of our debt agreements and the Tax Matters Agreement.

Dividends

In November 2018, Vistra Energy announced the Board had adopted a dividend program pursuant to which Vistra Energy would initiate an annual dividend of approximately $0.50 per share expected to beginwe initiated in the first quarter of 2019. Each dividend under the program will be subject to the declaration by the Board and, thus, may be subject to numerous factors in existence at the time of any such declaration including, but not limited to, prevailing market conditions, Vistra Energy'sVistra's results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, Delaware law and Delaware law.any contractual limitations.

In February 2019, May 2019, July 2019 and MayOctober 2019, the Board declared quarterly dividends of $0.125 per share that were paid in March 2019, June 2019, September 2019 and December 2019, respectively.

In February 2020 and April 2020, the Board declared quarterly dividends of $0.135 per share that were paid in March 2020 and June 2019,2020, respectively. In July 2019,2020, the Board declared a quarterly dividend of $0.125$0.135 per share that will be paid in September 2019. Vistra Energy did not declare or pay any dividends during the six months ended June 30, 2018.2020.

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Dividend Restrictions

The agreement governing the Credit Facilities Agreement generally restricts the ability of Vistra Operations to make distributions to any direct or indirect parent unless such distributions are expressly permitted thereunder. As of June 30, 2019,2020, Vistra Operations can distribute approximately $6.3$6.1 billion to Parent under the Credit Facilities Agreement without the consent of any party. The amount that can be distributed by Vistra Operations to Parent was partially reduced by distributions made by Vistra Operations to Parent of approximately $1.645 billion$740 million and $3.195 billion$850 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019,2020, respectively, and approximately $3.9 billion, $4.7 billion and $1.1 billion during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Additionally, Vistra Operations may make distributions to Parent in amounts sufficient for Parent to make any payments required under the TRA or the Tax Matters Agreement or, to the extent arising out of Parent's ownership or operation of Vistra Operations, to pay any taxes or general operating or corporate overhead expenses. As of June 30, 2019,2020, the maximum amount of restricted net assets of Vistra Operations that may not be distributed to Parent totaled approximately $1.9$1.5 billion.

UnderIn addition to the restrictions under the Credit Facilities Agreement, under applicable Delaware General Corporate Law,law, we are prohibited from paying any distributiononly permitted to the extent that such distribution exceeds the valuemake distributions either out of our "surplus," which is defined as the excess of our net assets above our capital (the aggregate par value of all outstanding shares of our stock)., or out of net profits for the fiscal year in which the distribution is declared or the prior fiscal year.

Warrants

At the Merger Date, the Company entered into an agreement whereby holdersthe holder of each outstanding warrant previously issued by Dynegy willwould be entitled to receive, upon exercise, the equity securities to which the holder would have been entitled to receive of Dynegy common stock converted into shares of Vistra Energy common stock at the Exchange Ratio. As of June 30, 2019, nine million warrants expiring in 2024 withpaying an exercise price of $35.00 (subject to adjustment from time to time) were outstanding, each, the number of which can be redeemed forshares of Vistra common stock that such holder would have been entitled to receive if it had held one share of Dynegy common stock at the closing of the Merger, or 0.652 shares of Vistra common stock. Accordingly, upon exercise, a warrant holder would effectively pay $53.68 (subject to adjustment of the exercise price from time to time) per share of Vistra Energy common stock.stock received. As of June 30, 2020, approximately 9000000 warrants expiring in 2024 were outstanding. The warrants are recordedimmaterial and reflected as equity in our condensed consolidated balance sheet.sheets.


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Tangible Equity Units (TEUs)

At the Merger Date, the Company assumed the obligationsTable of Dynegy's 4,600,000 7.00% TEUs, each with a stated amount of $100.00 and each comprised of (i) a prepaid stock purchase contract that delivered to the holder, on July 1, 2019, 4.0813 shares of Vistra Energy common stock per contract with cash paid in lieu of any fractional shares at a rate of $22.5954 per share and (ii) a senior amortizing note with an outstanding principal amount of $38 million at the Merger Date that paid an equal quarterly cash installment of $1.75 per amortizing note (see Note 11). In the aggregate, the annual quarterly cash installments were equivalent to a 7.00% cash payment per year with respect to each $100.00 stated amount of TEUs. The amortizing notes were accounted for as debt while the stock purchase contract was included in equity based on the fair value of the contract at the Merger Date (see Note 11). The entire class of TEUs were suspended from trading on the New York Stock Exchange on July 1, 2019 and removed from listing and registration on July 12, 2019. On July 1, 2019, approximately 18.8 million treasury shares of Vistra Energy common stock were issued in connection with the settlement of the TEUs.Contents

Equity

The following table presents the changes to equity for the three months ended June 30, 2020:

Common
Stock (a)
Treasury StockAdditional Paid-in CapitalRetained Earnings (Deficit)Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Total Stockholders' EquityNoncontrolling InterestTotal Equity
Balance at March 31, 2020$ $(973) $9,737  $(780) $(53) $7,936  $(10) $7,926  
Dividends declared on common stock—  —  —  (66) —  (66) —  (66) 
Effects of stock-based incentive compensation plans—  —  16  —  —  16  —  16  
Net income (loss)—  —  —  166  —  166  (2) 164  
Change in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)—  —  —  —    —   
Other—  —    —   —   
Balance at June 30, 2020$ $(973) $9,754  $(678) $(52) $8,056  $(12) $8,044  

The following table presents the changes to equity for the six months ended June 30, 2020:
Common
Stock (a)
Treasury StockAdditional Paid-in CapitalRetained Earnings (Deficit)Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Total Stockholders' EquityNoncontrolling InterestTotal Equity
Balance at
December 31, 2019
$ $(973) $9,721  $(764) $(30) $7,959  $ $7,960  
Dividends declared on common stock—  —  —  (132) —  (132) —  (132) 
Effects of stock-based incentive compensation plans—  —  30  —  —  30  —  30  
Net income (loss)—  —  —  222  —  222  (13) 209  
Adoption of accounting standard—  —  —  (4) —  (4) —  (4) 
Change in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)—  —  —  —  (22) (22) —  (22) 
Other—  —   —  —   —   
Balance at June 30, 2020$ $(973) $9,754  $(678) $(52) $8,056  $(12) $8,044  
________________
(a)Authorized shares totaled 1,800,000,000 at June 30, 2020. Outstanding common shares totaled 488,772,572 and 487,698,111 at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Treasury shares totaled 41,043,224 at both June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

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The following table presents the changes to equity for the three months ended June 30, 2019:

Common
Stock
Treasury StockAdditional Paid-in CapitalRetained Earnings (Deficit)Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Total Stockholders' EquityNoncontrolling InterestTotal Equity
Balance at March 31, 2019Balance at March 31, 2019$ $(1,014) $10,119  $(1,285) $(21) $7,804  $ $7,806  
Stock repurchaseStock repurchase—  (212) —  —  —  (212) —  (212) 
Dividends declared on common stockDividends declared on common stock—  —  —  (59) —  (59) —  (59) 
Effects of stock-based incentive compensation plansEffects of stock-based incentive compensation plans—  —  16  —  —  16  —  16  
Net income (loss)Net income (loss)—  —  —  356  —  356  (2) 354  
Common
Stock (a)
 Additional Paid-in Capital Retained Earnings (Deficit) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Total Stockholders' Equity Noncontrolling Interest Total Equity
Balance at March 31, 2019$5
 $9,105
 $(1,285) $(21) $7,804
 $2
 $7,806
Treasury stock
 (212) 
 
 (212) 
 (212)
Dividends declared on common stock
 
 (59) 
 (59) 
 (59)
Effects of stock-based incentive compensation plans
 16
 
 
 16
 
 16
Net income (loss)
 
 356
 
 356
 (2) 354
Other
 
 (1) 
 (1) 
 (1)Other—  —  —  (1) —  (1) —  (1) 
Balance at June 30, 2019$5
 $8,909
 $(989) $(21) $7,904
 $
 $7,904
Balance at June 30, 2019$ $(1,226) $10,135  $(989) $(21) $7,904  $—  $7,904  

The following table presents the changes to equity for the six months ended June 30, 2019:
 
Common
Stock (a)
 Additional Paid-in Capital Retained Earnings (Deficit) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Total Stockholders' Equity Noncontrolling Interest Total Equity
Balance at December 31, 2018$5
 $9,329
 $(1,449) $(22) $7,863
 $4
 $7,867
Treasury stock
 (448) 
 
 (448) 
 (448)
Dividends declared on common stock
 
 (120) 
 (120) 
 (120)
Effects of stock-based incentive compensation plans
 28
 
 
 28
 
 28
Net income (loss)
 
 581
 
 581
 (3) 578
Adoption of accounting standard (Note 1)
 
 (2) 
 (2) 
 (2)
Change in unrecognized losses related to pension and OPEB plans
 
 
 1
 1
 
 1
Other
 
 1
 
 1
 (1) 
Balance at June 30, 2019$5
 $8,909
 $(989) $(21) $7,904
 $
 $7,904
Common
Stock (a)
Treasury StockAdditional Paid-in CapitalRetained Earnings (Deficit)Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Total Stockholders' EquityNoncontrolling InterestTotal Equity
Balance at
December 31, 2018
$ $(778) $10,107  $(1,449) $(22) $7,863  $ $7,867  
Stock repurchase—  (448) —  —  —  (448) —  (448) 
Dividends declared on common stock—  —  —  (120) —  (120) —  (120) 
Effects of stock-based incentive compensation plans—  —  28  —  —  28  —  28  
Net income—  —  —  581  —  581  (3) 578  
Adoption of accounting standard—  —  —  (2) —  (2) —  (2) 
Change in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)—  —  —  —    —   
Other—  —  —   —   (1) —  
Balance at June 30, 2019$ $(1,226) $10,135  $(989) $(21) $7,904  $—  $7,904  
________________
(a)
(a)Authorized shares totaled 1,800,000,000 at June 30, 2019. Outstanding shares totaled 476,166,856 and 493,215,309 at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.


The following table presents the changes to equity for the three months ended June 30, 2018:
 
Common
Stock (a)
 Additional Paid-in Capital Retained Earnings (Deficit) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Total Stockholders' Equity Noncontrolling Interest Total Equity
Balance at March 31, 2018$4
 $7,772
 $(1,700) $(16) $6,060
 $
 $6,060
Stock and stock compensation awards issued in connection with the Merger1
 1,891
 
 
 1,892
 
 1,892
Treasury stock
 (75) 
 
 (75) 
 (75)
Effects of stock-based incentive compensation plans
 56
 
 
 56
 
 56
Tangible equity units acquired
 369
 
 
 369
 
 369
Warrants acquired
 2
 
 
 2
 
 2
Net income (loss)
 
 108
 
 108
 
 108
Investment by noncontrolling interest
 
 
 
 
 7
 7
Other
 
 1
 
 1
 
 1
Balance at June 30, 2018$5
 $10,015
 $(1,591) $(16) $8,413
 $7
 $8,420

The following table presents the changes to equity for the six months ended2019. Outstanding common shares totaled 476,166,856 and 493,215,309 at June 30, 2018:2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Treasury shares totaled 51,323,829 and 32,815,783 at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

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Common
Stock (a)
 Additional Paid-in Capital Retained Earnings (Deficit) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Total Stockholders' Equity Noncontrolling Interest Total Equity
Balance at December 31, 2017$4
 $7,765
 $(1,410) $(17) $6,342
 $
 $6,342
Stock and stock compensation awards issued in connection with the Merger1
 1,891
 
 
 1,892
 
 1,892
Treasury stock
 (75) 
 
 (75) 
 (75)
Effects of stock-based incentive compensation plans
 63
 
 
 63
 
 63
Tangible equity units acquired
 369
 
 
 369
 
 369
Warrants acquired
 2
 
 
 2
 
 2
Net loss
 
 (198) 
 (198) 
 (198)
Adoption of accounting standard
 
 17
 
 17
 
 17
Change in unrecognized losses related to pension and OPEB plans
 
 
 1
 1
 
 1
Investment by noncontrolling interest
 
 
 
 
 7
 7
Balance at June 30, 2018$5
 $10,015
 $(1,591) $(16) $8,413
 $7
 $8,420

________________
(a)Authorized shares totaled 1,800,000,000 at June 30, 2018. Outstanding shares totaled 521,214,879 and 428,398,802 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

14. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
15.FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

We utilize several different valuation techniques to measure the fair value of assets and liabilities, relying primarily on the market approach of using prices and other market information for identical and/or comparable assets and liabilities for those items that are measured on a recurring basis. We use a mid-market valuation convention (the mid-point price between bid and ask prices) as a practical expedient to measure fair value for the majority of our assets and liabilities and use valuation techniques to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. Our valuation policies and procedures were developed, maintained and validated by a centralized risk management group that reports to the Vistra Energy Chief Financial Officer.


Fair value measurements of derivative assets and liabilities incorporate an adjustment for credit-related nonperformance risk. These nonperformance risk adjustments take into consideration master netting arrangements, credit enhancements and the credit risks associated with our credit standing and the credit standing of our counterparties (see Note 1615 for additional information regarding credit risk associated with our derivatives). We utilize credit ratings and default rate factors in calculating these fair value measurement adjustments.

We categorize our assets and liabilities recorded at fair value based upon the following fair value hierarchy:

Level 1 valuations use quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that are accessible at the measurement date. Our Level 1 assets and liabilities include CME or ICE (electronic commodity derivative exchanges) futures and options transacted through clearing brokers for which prices are actively quoted. We report the fair value of CME and ICE transactions without taking into consideration margin deposits, with the exception of certain margin amounts related to changes in fair value on certain CME transactions that, beginning in January 2017, are legally characterized as settlement of derivative contracts rather than collateral.

Level 2 valuations utilize over-the-counter broker quotes, quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities that are corroborated by correlations or other mathematical means, and other valuation inputs such as interest rates and yield curves observable at commonly quoted intervals. We attempt to obtain multiple quotes from brokers that are active in the markets in which we participate and require at least one quote from two brokers to determine a pricing input as observable. The number of broker quotes received for certain pricing inputs varies depending on the depth of the trading market, each individual broker's publication policy, recent trading volume trends and various other factors.

Level 3 valuations use unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. Unobservable inputs are used to the extent observable inputs are not available, thereby allowing for situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date. We use the most meaningful information available from the market combined with internally developed valuation methodologies to develop our best estimate of fair value. Significant unobservable inputs used to develop the valuation models include volatility curves, correlation curves, illiquid pricing delivery periods and locations and credit-related nonperformance risk assumptions. These inputs and valuation models are developed and maintained by employees trained and experienced in market operations and fair value measurements and validated by the Company's risk management group.

With respect to amounts presented in the following fair value hierarchy tables, the fair value measurement of an asset or liability (e.g., a contract) is required to fall in its entirety in one level, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

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Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis consisted of the following at the respective balance sheet dates shown below:
June 30, 2020December 31, 2019
Level
1
Level
2
Level
3 (a)
Reclass
(b)
TotalLevel
1
Level
2
Level
3 (a)
Reclass
(b)
Total
Assets:
Commodity contracts$1,033  $158  $314  $36  $1,541  $1,047  $172  $239  $11  $1,469  
Interest rate swaps—  86  —  —  86  —  —  —  —  —  
Nuclear decommissioning trust – equity securities (c)523  —  —  523  564  —  —  564  
Nuclear decommissioning trust – debt securities (c)—  588  —  588  —  521  —  521  
Sub-total$1,556  $832  $314  $36  2,738  $1,611  $693  $239  $11  2,554  
Assets measured at net asset value (d):
Nuclear decommissioning trust – equity securities (c)355  366  
Total assets$3,093  $2,920  
Liabilities:
Commodity contracts$970  $484  $200  $36  $1,690  $985  $439  $313  $11  $1,748  
Interest rate swaps—  455  —  —  455  —  177  —  —  177  
Total liabilities$970  $939  $200  $36  $2,145  $985  $616  $313  $11  $1,925  
June 30, 2019
 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 (a) Reclassification (b) Total
Assets:         
Commodity contracts$958
 $300
 $214
 $70
 $1,542
Nuclear decommissioning trust –
equity securities (c)
510
 
 
 
 510
Nuclear decommissioning trust –
debt securities (c)

 502
 
 
 502
Sub-total$1,468
 $802
 $214
 $70
 2,554
Assets measured at net asset value (d):         
Nuclear decommissioning trust –
equity securities (c)
        330
Total assets        $2,884
Liabilities:         
Commodity contracts$1,063
 $419
 $210
 $70
 $1,762
Interest rate swaps
 156
 
 
 156
Total liabilities$1,063
 $575
 $210
 $70
 $1,918
___________
(a)See table below for description of Level 3 assets and liabilities.
(b)Fair values are determined on a contract basis, but certain contracts result in a current asset and a noncurrent liability, or vice versa, as presented in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(c)The nuclear decommissioning trust investment is included in the investments line in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. See Note 18.
(d)The fair value amounts presented in this line are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Certain investments measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy.



December 31, 2018
 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 (a) Reclassification (b) Total
Assets:         
Commodity contracts$456
 $152
 $153
 $1
 $762
Interest rate swaps
 77
 
 
 77
Nuclear decommissioning trust –
equity securities (c)
449
 
 
 
 449
Nuclear decommissioning trust –
debt securities (c)

 443
 
 
 443
Sub-total$905
 $672
 $153
 $1
 1,731
Assets measured at net asset value (d):         
Nuclear decommissioning trust –
equity securities (c)
        278
Total assets        $2,009
Liabilities:         
Commodity contracts$557
 $766
 $288
 $1
 $1,612
Interest rate swaps
 34
 
 
 34
Total liabilities$557
 $800
 $288
 $1
 $1,646
____________
(a)See table below for description of Level 3 assets and liabilities.
(b)Fair values are determined on a contract basis, but certain contracts result in a current asset and a noncurrent liability, or vice versa, as presented in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(c)The nuclear decommissioning trust investment is included in the investments line in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. See Note 19.
(d)The fair value amounts presented in this line are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Certain investments measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy.

Commodity contracts consist primarily of natural gas, electricity, coal and emissions agreements and include financial instruments entered into for economic hedging purposes as well as physical contracts that have not been designated as normal purchases or sales. Interest rate swaps are used to reduce exposure to interest rate changes by converting floating-rate interest to fixed rates. See Note 1615 for further discussion regarding derivative instruments.

Nuclear decommissioning trust assets represent securities held for the purpose of funding the future retirement and decommissioning of our nuclear generation facility. These investments include equity, debt and other fixed-income securities consistent with investment rules established by the NRC and the PUCT.


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Table of Contents
The following tables present the fair value of the Level 3 assets and liabilities by major contract type and the significant unobservable inputs used in the valuations at June 30, 20192020 and December 31, 2018:2019:
June 30, 2020
Fair Value
Contract Type (a)AssetsLiabilitiesTotalValuation TechniqueSignificant Unobservable InputRange (b)Average (b)
Electricity purchases and sales$149  $(32) $117  Valuation ModelHourly price curve shape (c)$—  to$105$53
MWh
Illiquid delivery periods for ERCOT hub power prices and heat rates (d)$20  to$120$73
MWh
Options74  (121) (47) Option Pricing ModelGas to power correlation (e)25 %to100%63%
Power and gas volatility (e)%to675%341%
Financial transmission rights76  (13) 63  Market Approach (f)Illiquid price differences between settlement points (g)$(5) to$50$22
MWh
Other (h)15  (34) (19) 
Total$314  $(200) $114  
June 30, 2019
  Fair Value      
Contract Type (a) Assets Liabilities Total Valuation Technique Significant Unobservable Input Range (b)
Electricity purchases and sales $72
 $(58) $14
 Valuation Model Hourly price curve shape (c) $0 to $110/ MWh
          Illiquid delivery periods for hub power prices and heat rates (d) $20 to $120/ MWh
Electricity and weather options 10
 (102) (92) Option Pricing Model Gas to power correlation (e) 10% to 100%
          Power volatility (e) 5% to 435%
Financial transmission rights 121
 (16) 105
 Market Approach (f) Illiquid price differences between settlement points (g) $(5) to $50/ MWh
Other (h) 11
 (34) (23)      
Total $214
 $(210) $4
      


December 31, 2018
December 31, 2019December 31, 2019
 Fair Value Fair Value
Contract Type (a) Assets Liabilities Total Valuation Technique Significant Unobservable Input Range (b)Contract Type (a)AssetsLiabilitiesTotalValuation TechniqueSignificant Unobservable InputRange (b)Average (b)
Electricity purchases and sales $22
 $(48) $(26) Valuation Model Hourly price curve shape (c) $0 to td10/ MWhElectricity purchases and sales$64  $(53) $11  Valuation ModelHourly price curve shape (c)$—  totd15$58
Electricity purchases and salesMWh
       Illiquid delivery periods for ERCOT hub power prices and heat rates (d) td0 to td20/ MWhIlliquid delivery periods for ERCOT hub power prices and heat rates (d)$20  totd20$70
Electricity and weather options 31
 (192) (161) Option Pricing Model Gas to power correlation (e) 15% to 95%
       Power volatility (e) 5% to 435%Illiquid delivery periods for ERCOT hub power prices and heat rates (d)MWh
OptionsOptions38  (188) (150) Option Pricing Model10 %to100%55%
Power and gas volatility (e)%to440%223%
Financial transmission rights 85
 (20) 65
 Market Approach (f) Illiquid price differences between settlement points (g) $(10) to $50/ MWhFinancial transmission rights120  (26) 94  Market Approach (f)Illiquid price differences between settlement points (g)$(10) to$40td5
Financial transmission rightsMWh
Other (h) 15
 (28) (13) Other (h)17  (46) (29) 
Total $153
 $(288) $(135) Total$239  $(313) $(74) 
____________
(a)Electricity purchase and sales contracts include power and heat rate positions in ERCOT, PJM, NYISO, ISO-NE and MISO regions. The forward purchase contracts (swaps and options) used to hedge electricity price differences between settlement points within are referred to as congestion revenue rights in ERCOT and financial transmission rights in PJM, NYISO, ISO-NE and MISO regions. Electricity options consist of physical electricity options and spread options.
(b)
(a)Electricity purchase and sales contracts include power and heat rate positions in ERCOT, PJM, NYISO, ISO-NE and MISO regions. The forward purchase contracts (swaps and options) used to hedge electricity price differences between settlement points are referred to as congestion revenue rights in ERCOT and financial transmission rights in PJM, NYISO, ISO-NE and MISO regions. Options consist of physical electricity options, spread options, swaptions and natural gas options.
(b)The range of the inputs may be influenced by factors such as time of day, delivery period, season and location.
(c)Primarily based on the historical range of forward average hourly ERCOT North Hub prices.
(d)Primarily based on historical forward ERCOT and PJM power prices and ERCOT heat rate variability.
(e)Based on historical forward correlation and volatility within ERCOT.
(f)While we use the market approach, there is insufficient market data to consider the valuation liquid.
(g)Primarily based on the auction price that reflects the difference in power prices at two locations.
(h)Other includes contracts for natural gas, coal, coal option, power and gas swaption and emissions.

There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the inputs may be influenced by factors such as time of day, delivery period, season and location. The average represents the arithmetic average of the inputs and is not weighted by the related fair value hierarchyor notional amount.
(c)Primarily based on the historical range of forward average hourly ERCOT North Hub prices.
(d)Primarily based on historical forward ERCOT and PJM power prices and ERCOT heat rate variability.
(e)Primarily based on the historical forward correlation and volatility within ERCOT.
(f)While we use the market approach, there is insufficient market data to consider the valuation liquid.
(g)Primarily based on the historical price differences between settlement points within ERCOT hubs and load zones.
(h)Other includes contracts for the threenatural gas, coal and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. emissions.

See the table below for discussion of transfers between Level 2 and Level 3 for the three and six months ended June 30, 20192020 and 2018.2019.


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Table of Contents
The following table presents the changes in fair value of the Level 3 assets and liabilities for the three and six months ended June 30, 20192020 and 2018.2019.
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,2020201920202019
2019 2018 2019 2018
Net liability balance at beginning of period$(113) $(224) $(135) $(53)
Total unrealized valuation gains (losses)87
 (18) 125
 (230)
Net asset (liability) balance at beginning of periodNet asset (liability) balance at beginning of period$28  $(113) $(74) $(135) 
Total unrealized valuation gainsTotal unrealized valuation gains104  87  98  125  
Purchases, issuances and settlements (a):       Purchases, issuances and settlements (a):
Purchases61
 29
 79
 58
Purchases34  61  89  79  
Issuances(10) (4) (17) (7)Issuances(3) (10) (6) (17) 
Settlements(20) 29
 (42) 45
Settlements(34) (20) (47) (42) 
Transfers into Level 3 (b)3
 2
 5
 1
Transfers into Level 3 (b)(2)  (1)  
Transfers out of Level 3 (b)(4) 1
 (11) 1
Transfers out of Level 3 (b)(13) (4) 55  (11) 
Net liabilities assumed in connection with the Merger
 (37) 
 (37)
Net change (c)117
 2
 139
 (169)Net change (c)86  117  188  139  
Net liability balance at end of period$4
 $(222) $4
 $(222)
Unrealized valuation gains (losses) relating to instruments held at end of period$92
 $(17) $110
 $(226)
Net asset balance at end of periodNet asset balance at end of period$114  $ $114  $ 
Unrealized valuation gains relating to instruments held at end of periodUnrealized valuation gains relating to instruments held at end of period$123  $92  $137  $110  
____________
(a)Settlements reflect reversals of unrealized mark-to-market valuations previously recognized in net income. Purchases and issuances reflect option premiums paid or received.
(b)Includes transfers due to changes in the observability of significant inputs. All Level 3 transfers during the periods presented are in and out of Level 2. For six months ended June 30, 2019, transfers out of Level 3 primarily consists of coal derivatives where forward pricing inputs have become observable.
(c)Activity excludes change in fair value in the month positions settle. Substantially all changes in values of commodity contracts (excluding the net liabilities assumed in connection with the Merger) are reported as operating revenues in our condensed statements of consolidated income (loss).

(a)Settlements reflect reversals of unrealized mark-to-market valuations previously recognized in net income. Purchases and issuances reflect option premiums paid or received and purchases of Financial Transmission Rights.
(b)Includes transfers due to changes in the observability of significant inputs. All Level 3 transfers during the periods presented are in and out of Level 2. For the three months ended June 30, 2020, transfers out of Level 3 primarily consist of power derivatives where forward pricing inputs have become observable. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, transfers out of Level 3 primarily consist of gas, power and coal derivatives where forward pricing inputs have become observable.
16.COMMODITY AND OTHER DERIVATIVE CONTRACTUAL ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
(c)Activity excludes change in fair value in the month positions settle. Substantially all changes in values of commodity contracts (excluding the net liabilities assumed in connection with the Merger) are reported as operating revenues in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.

15.COMMODITY AND OTHER DERIVATIVE CONTRACTUAL ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

Strategic Use of Derivatives

We transact in derivative instruments, such as options, swaps, futures and forward contracts, to manage commodity price and interest rate risk. See Note 1514 for a discussion of the fair value of derivatives.

Commodity Hedging and Trading Activity — We utilize natural gas and electricity derivatives to reduce exposure to changes in electricity prices primarily to hedge future revenues from electricity sales from our generation assets.assets and to hedge future purchased power costs for our retail operations. We also utilize short-term electricity, natural gas, coal, and emissions derivative instruments for fuel hedging and other purposes. Counterparties to these transactions include energy companies, financial institutions, electric utilities, independent power producers, oil and gas producers, local distribution companies and energy marketing companies. Unrealized gains and losses arising from changes in the fair value of derivative instruments as well as realized gains and losses upon settlement of the instruments are reported in our condensed consolidated statements of consolidated income (loss)operations in operating revenues and fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees.

Interest Rate Swaps — Interest rate swap agreements are used to reduce exposure to interest rate changes by converting floating-rate interest rates to fixed rates, thereby hedging future interest costs and related cash flows. Unrealized gains and losses arising from changes in the fair value of the swaps as well as realized gains and losses upon settlement of the swaps are reported in our condensed consolidated statements of consolidated income (loss)operations in interest expense and related charges.


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Table of Contents
Financial Statement Effects of Derivatives

Substantially all derivative contractual assets and liabilities are accounted for under mark-to-market accounting consistent with accounting standards related to derivative instruments and hedging activities. The following tables provide detail of derivative contractual assets and liabilities as reported in our condensed consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 20192020 and December 31, 2018.2019. Derivative asset and liability totals represent the net value of the contract, while the balance sheet totals represent the gross value of the contract.
June 30, 2020
Derivative AssetsDerivative Liabilities
Commodity ContractsInterest Rate SwapsCommodity ContractsInterest Rate SwapsTotal
Current assets$1,313  $19  $18  $—  $1,350  
Noncurrent assets208  67   —  277  
Current liabilities(3) —  (1,473) (70) (1,546) 
Noncurrent liabilities(13) —  (201) (385) (599) 
Net assets (liabilities)$1,505  $86  $(1,654) $(455) $(518) 
 June 30, 2019
 Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities  
 Commodity Contracts Interest Rate Swaps Commodity Contracts Interest Rate Swaps Total
Current assets$1,403
 $
 $15
 $
 $1,418
Noncurrent assets114
 
 10
 
 124
Current liabilities
 
 (1,508) (6) (1,514)
Noncurrent liabilities(45) 
 (209) (150) (404)
Net assets (liabilities)$1,472
 $
 $(1,692) $(156) $(376)


December 31, 2019
Derivative AssetsDerivative Liabilities
Commodity ContractsInterest Rate SwapsCommodity ContractsInterest Rate SwapsTotal
Current assets$1,323  $—  $10  $—  $1,333  
Noncurrent assets136  —  —  —  136  
Current liabilities(1) —  (1,510) (18) (1,529) 
Noncurrent liabilities—  —  (237) (159) (396) 
Net assets (liabilities)$1,458  $—  $(1,737) $(177) $(456) 
 December 31, 2018
 Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities  
 Commodity Contracts Interest Rate Swaps Commodity Contracts Interest Rate Swaps Total
Current assets$707
 $22
 $1
 $
 $730
Noncurrent assets54
 55
 
 
 109
Current liabilities
 
 (1,374) (2) (1,376)
Noncurrent liabilities
 
 (238) (32) (270)
Net assets (liabilities)$761
 $77
 $(1,611) $(34) $(807)

At June 30, 20192020 and December 31, 2018,2019, there were no derivative positions accounted for as cash flow or fair value hedges.

The following table presents the pretax effect of derivative gains (losses) on net income, including realized and unrealized effects. Amount represents changes in fair value of positions in the derivative portfolio during the period, as realized amounts related to positions settled are assumed to equal reversals of previously recorded unrealized amounts.
Derivative (condensed consolidated statements of operations presentation)Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2020201920202019
Commodity contracts (Operating revenues)$ $549  $263  $776  
Commodity contracts (Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees)48  (24) (58)  
Interest rate swaps (Interest expense and related charges)(29) (108) (207) (183) 
Net gain (loss)$25  $417  $(2) $596  
Derivative (condensed statements of consolidated income (loss) presentation)Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2019 2018 2019 2018
Commodity contracts (Operating revenues)$549
 $69
 $776
 $(376)
Commodity contracts (Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees)(24) 13
 3
 12
Interest rate swaps (Interest expense and related charges)(108) 22
 (183) 78
Net gain (loss)$417
 $104
 $596
 $(286)


Balance Sheet Presentation of Derivatives

We elect to report derivative assets and liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheets on a gross basis without taking into consideration netting arrangements we have with counterparties to those derivatives. We maintain standardized master netting agreements with certain counterparties that allow for the right to offset assets and liabilities and collateral in order to reduce credit exposure between us and the counterparty. These agreements contain specific language related to margin requirements, monthly settlement netting, cross-commodity netting and early termination netting, which is negotiated with the contract counterparty.

Generally, margin deposits that contractually offset these derivative instruments are reported separately in our condensed consolidated balance sheets, with the exception of certain margin amounts related to changes in fair value on CME transactions that are legally characterized as settlement of forward exposure rather than collateral. Margin deposits received from counterparties are primarily used for working capital or other general corporate purposes.


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The following tables reconcile our derivative assets and liabilities on a contract basis to net amounts after taking into consideration netting arrangements with counterparties and financial collateral:
 June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018June 30, 2020December 31, 2019
 
Derivative Assets
and Liabilities
 Offsetting Instruments (a) Cash Collateral (Received) Pledged (b) Net Amounts 
Derivative Assets
and Liabilities
 Offsetting Instruments (a) Cash Collateral (Received) Pledged (b) Net AmountsDerivative Assets
and Liabilities
Offsetting Instruments (a)Cash Collateral (Received) Pledged (b)Net AmountsDerivative Assets
and Liabilities
Offsetting Instruments (a)Cash Collateral (Received) Pledged (b)Net Amounts
Derivative assets:                Derivative assets:
Commodity contracts $1,472
 $(1,199) $(6) $267
 $761
 $(593) $(1) $167
Commodity contracts$1,505  $(1,171) $(8) $326  $1,458  $(1,113) $—  $345  
Interest rate swaps 
 
 
 
 77
 (26) 
 51
Interest rate swaps86  (86) —  —  —  —  —  —  
Total derivative assets 1,472
 (1,199) (6) 267
 838
 (619) (1) 218
Total derivative assets1,591  (1,257) (8) 326  1,458  (1,113) —  345  
Derivative liabilities:                Derivative liabilities:
Commodity contracts (1,692) 1,199
 118
 (375) (1,611) 593
 109
 (909)Commodity contracts(1,654) 1,171  30  (453) (1,737) 1,113  40  (584) 
Interest rate swaps (156) 
 
 (156) (34) 26
 
 (8)Interest rate swaps(455) 86  —  (369) (177) —  —  (177) 
Total derivative liabilities (1,848) 1,199
 118
 (531) (1,645) 619
 109
 (917)Total derivative liabilities(2,109) 1,257  30  (822) (1,914) 1,113  40  (761) 
Net amounts $(376) $
 $112
 $(264) $(807) $
 $108
 $(699)Net amounts$(518) $—  $22  $(496) $(456) $—  $40  $(416) 
____________
(a)Amounts presented exclude trade accounts receivable and payable related to settled financial instruments.
(b)Represents cash amounts received or pledged pursuant to a master netting arrangement, including fair value-based margin requirements.
(a)Amounts presented exclude trade accounts receivable and payable related to settled financial instruments.
(b)Represents cash amounts received or pledged pursuant to a master netting arrangement, including fair value-based margin requirements, and to a lesser extent, initial margin requirements.

Derivative Volumes

The following table presents the gross notional amounts of derivative volumes at June 30, 20192020 and December 31, 2018:2019:
 June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 June 30, 2020December 31, 2019
Derivative type Notional Volume Unit of MeasureDerivative typeNotional VolumeUnit of Measure
Natural gas (a) 6,867
 7,011
 Million MMBtuNatural gas (a)5,395  6,160  Million MMBtu
Electricity 394,990
 317,572
 GWhElectricity436,983  428,367  GWh
Financial Transmission Rights (b) 234,664
 172,611
 GWh
Financial transmission rights (b)Financial transmission rights (b)212,461  199,648  GWh
Coal 35
 45
 Million U.S. tonsCoal17  22  Million U.S. tons
Fuel oil 73
 60
 Million gallonsFuel oil165  33  Million gallons
Uranium 125
 50
 Thousand pounds
Emissions 16
 10
 Million tonsEmissions37  20  Million tons
Interest rate swaps – floating/fixed (c) $6,720
 $7,717
 Million U.S. dollars
Renewable energy certificatesRenewable energy certificates12  11  Million certificates
Interest rate swaps – variable/fixed (c)Interest rate swaps – variable/fixed (c)$6,720  $6,720  Million U.S. dollars
Interest rate swaps – fixed/variable (c)Interest rate swaps – fixed/variable (c)$2,120  $2,120  Million U.S. dollars
____________
(a)Represents gross notional forward sales, purchases and options transactions, locational basis swaps and other natural gas transactions.
(b)Represents gross forward purchases associated with instruments used to hedge electricity price differences between settlement points within ISOs or RTOs.
(c)Includes notional amounts of interest rate swaps with maturity dates through July 2026. See Note 11 for termination of interest rate swaps.
(a)Represents gross notional forward sales, purchases and options transactions, locational basis swaps and other natural gas transactions.
(b)Represents gross forward purchases associated with instruments used to hedge electricity price differences between settlement points within regions.
(c)Includes notional amounts of interest rate swaps with maturity dates through July 2026.

Credit Risk-Related Contingent Features of Derivatives

Our derivative contracts may contain certain credit risk-related contingent features that could trigger liquidity requirements in the form of cash collateral, letters of credit or some other form of credit enhancement. Certain of these agreements require the posting of collateral if our credit rating is downgraded by one or more credit rating agencies or include cross-default contractual provisions that could result in the settlement of such contracts if there was a failure under other financing arrangements related to payment terms or other covenants.


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The following table presents the commodity derivative liabilities subject to credit risk-related contingent features that are not fully collateralized:
June 30,
2019
 December 31,
2018
June 30,
2020
December 31,
2019
Fair value of derivative contract liabilities (a)$(631) $(856)Fair value of derivative contract liabilities (a)$(930) $(692) 
Offsetting fair value under netting arrangements (b)223
 218
Offsetting fair value under netting arrangements (b)303  167  
Cash collateral and letters of credit79
 190
Cash collateral and letters of credit91  67  
Liquidity exposure$(329) $(448)Liquidity exposure$(536) $(458) 
____________
(a)Excludes fair value of contracts that contain contingent features that do not provide specific amounts to be posted if features are triggered, including provisions that generally provide the right to request additional collateral (material adverse change, performance assurance and other clauses).
(b)Amounts include the offsetting fair value of in-the-money derivative contracts and net accounts receivable under master netting arrangements.
(a)Excludes fair value of contracts that contain contingent features that do not provide specific amounts to be posted if features are triggered, including provisions that generally provide the right to request additional collateral (material adverse change, performance assurance and other clauses).
(b)Amounts include the offsetting fair value of in-the-money derivative contracts and net accounts receivable under master netting arrangements.

Concentrations of Credit Risk Related to Derivatives

We have concentrations of credit risk with the counterparties to our derivative contracts. At June 30, 2019,2020, total credit risk exposure to all counterparties related to derivative contracts totaled $1,675 million$1.712 billion (including associated accounts receivable). The net exposure to those counterparties totaled $398$378 million at June 30, 2019,2020, after taking into effect netting arrangements, setoff provisions and collateral, with the largest net exposure to a single counterparty totaling $119$80 million. At June 30, 2019,2020, the credit risk exposure to the banking and financial sector represented 71%79% of the total credit risk exposure and 23%47% of the net exposure.

Exposure to banking and financial sector counterparties is considered to be within an acceptable level of risk tolerance because all of this exposure is with counterparties with investment grade credit ratings. However, this concentration increases the risk that a default by any of these counterparties would have a material effect on our financial condition, results of operations and liquidity. The transactions with these counterparties contain certain provisions that would require the counterparties to post collateral in the event of a material downgrade in their credit rating.

We maintain credit risk policies with regard to our counterparties to minimize overall credit risk. These policies authorize specific risk mitigation tools including, but not limited to, use of standardized master agreements that allow for netting of positive and negative exposures associated with a single counterparty. Credit enhancements such as parent guarantees, letters of credit, surety bonds, liens on assets and margin deposits are also utilized. Prospective material changes in the payment history or financial condition of a counterparty or downgrade of its credit quality result in the reassessment of the credit limit with that counterparty. The process can result in the subsequent reduction of the credit limit or a request for additional financial assurances. An event of default by one or more counterparties could subsequently result in termination-related settlement payments that reduce available liquidity if amounts are owed to the counterparties related to the derivative contracts or delays in receipts of expected settlements if the counterparties owe amounts to us.

17.RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
16.RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

In connection with Emergence, we entered into agreements with certain of our affiliates and with parties who received shares of common stock and TRA Rights in exchange for their claims.

Registration Rights Agreement

Pursuant to the Plan of Reorganization, on the Effective Date, we entered into a Registration Rights Agreement (the Registration Rights Agreement) with certain selling stockholders providing for registration of the resale of the Vistra Energy common stock held by such selling stockholders.


In December 2016, we filed a Form S-1 registration statement with the SEC to register for resale the shares of Vistra Energy common stock held by certain significant stockholders pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, which was declared effective by the SEC in May 2017. The registration statement was amended in March 2018. Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, in June 2018, we filed a post-effective amendment to the Form S-1 registration statement on Form S-3, which was declared effective by the SEC in July 2018. Among other things, under the terms of the Registration Rights Agreement:

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if we propose to file certain types of registration statements under the Securities Act with respect to an offering of equity securities, we will be required to use our reasonable best efforts to offer the other parties to the Registration Rights Agreement the opportunity to register all or part of their shares on the terms and conditions set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement; and

the selling stockholders received the right, subject to certain conditions and exceptions, to request that we file registration statements or amend or supplement registration statements, with the SEC for an underwritten offering of all or part of their respective shares of Vistra Energy common stock (a Demand Registration), and the Company is required to cause any such registration statement or amendment or supplement (a) to be filed with the SEC promptly and, in any event, on or before the date that is 45 days, in the case of a registration statement on Form S-1, or 30 days, in the case of a registration statement on Form S-3, after we receive the written request from the relevant selling stockholders to effectuate the Demand Registration (as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement) and (b) to become effective as promptly as reasonably practicable and in any event no later than 120 days after it is initially filed.

All expenses of registration under the Registration Rights Agreement, including the legal fees of one counsel retained by or on behalf of the selling stockholders, will be paid by us. Legal fee expenses paid or accrued by Vistra Energy on behalf of the selling stockholders totaled less than $1 million during both the three and six months ended June 30, 20192020 and 2018.2019.

Tax Receivable Agreement

On the Effective Date, Vistra Energy entered into the TRA with a transfer agent on behalf of certain former first lienfirst-lien creditors of TCEH. See Note 8 for discussion of the TRA.

18.SEGMENT INFORMATION
17.SEGMENT INFORMATION

The operations of Vistra Energy are aligned into six6 reportable business segments: (i) Retail, (ii) ERCOT, (iii) PJM, (iv) NY/NE, (v) MISO and (vi) Asset Closure. Our chief operating decision maker (CODM) reviews the results of these segments separately and allocates resources to the respective segments as part of our strategic operations. A measure of assets is not applicable, as segment assets are not regularly reviewed by the CODM for evaluating performance or allocating resources. Operational results for 4 facilities retired in late 2019 were recast from the MISO segment to the Asset Closure segment (see Note 4).

The Retail segment is engaged in retail sales of electricity and related servicesnatural gas to residential, commercial and industrial customers. Substantially all of these activities are conducted by TXU Energy, andAmbit, Value Based Brands, in Texas, Dynegy Energy Services, in Massachusetts, Ohio, Illinois and Pennsylvania and Homefield Energy, TriEagle Energy, Public Power and U.S. Gas & Electric across 19 states in Illinois.the U.S.

The ERCOT, PJM, NY/NE (comprising NYISO and ISO-NE) and MISO segments are engaged in electricity generation, wholesale energy sales and purchases, commodity risk management activities, fuel production and fuel logistics management, all largely within their respective RTO/ISOISO/RTO market. The PJM, NY/NE and MISO segments were established on the Merger Date to reflect markets served by businesses acquired in the Merger.

The Asset Closure segment is engaged in the decommissioning and reclamation of retired plants and mines.mines (see Note 4). Separately reporting the Asset Closure segment provides management with better information related to the performance and earnings power of Vistra Energy'sVistra's ongoing operations and facilitates management's focus on minimizing the cost associated with decommissioning and reclamation of retired plants and mines. We have not allocated any unrealized gains or losses on the commodity risk management activities to the Asset Closure segment for the generation plants that were retired in January, February2018 and May 2018.2019.

Corporate and Other represents the remaining non-segment operations consisting primarily of (i) general corporate expenses, interest, taxes and other expenses related to our support functions that provide shared services to our operating segments and (ii) CAISO operations.


Except as noted in Note 1, theThe accounting policies of the business segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies in Note 1. Our chief operating decision maker uses more than one measure to assess segment performance, including segment net income (loss), which is the measure most comparable to consolidated net income (loss) prepared based on U.S. GAAP. We account for intersegment sales and transfers as if the sales or transfers were to third parties, that is, at market prices. Certain shared services costs are allocated to the segments.

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Table of Contents
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Operating revenues (a)       
Retail$1,421
 $1,454
 $2,806
 $2,426
ERCOT1,671
 1,327
 2,625
 794
PJM686
 485
 1,391
 485
NY/NE254
 187
 599
 187
MISO246
 257
 500
 257
Asset Closure
 21
 
 49
Corporate and Other (b)47
 31
 164
 31
Eliminations(1,493) (1,188) (2,330) (891)
Consolidated operating revenues$2,832
 $2,574
 $5,755
 $3,338
Depreciation and amortization       
Retail$(59) $(80) $(118) $(157)
ERCOT(128) (108) (259) (173)
PJM(134) (125) (265) (125)
NY/NE(39) (49) (104) (49)
MISO(3) (3) (7) (3)
Asset Closure
 
 
 
Corporate and Other (b)(21) (23) (37) (35)
Eliminations
 (1) 
 
Consolidated depreciation and amortization$(384) $(389) $(790) $(542)
Operating income (loss)       
Retail (c)$(581) $(303) $(563) $455
ERCOT1,047
 680
 1,335
 (409)
PJM185
 24
 348
 24
NY/NE78
 (7) 94
 (7)
MISO35
 31
 46
 31
Asset Closure(16) 1
 (30) (22)
Corporate and Other (b)(19) (196) (12) (237)
Eliminations
 1
 
 1
Consolidated operating income (loss)$729
 $231
 $1,218
 $(164)
Net income (loss)      
Retail (c)$(585) $(288) $(571) $483
ERCOT1,056
 679
 1,356
 (407)
PJM183
 23
 346
 23
NY/NE79
 (5) 100
 (5)
MISO35
 31
 46
 31
Asset Closure(15) 2
 (29) (20)
Corporate and Other (b)(399) (337) (670) (306)
Consolidated net income (loss)$354
 $105
 $578
 $(201)
Three months endedRetailERCOTPJMNY/NEMISOAsset ClosureCorporate and Other (b)EliminationsConsolidated
Operating revenues (a):
June 30, 2020$1,956  $865  $412  $131  $121  $—  $46  $(1,022) $2,509  
June 30, 20191,421  1,671  686  254  188  58  47  (1,493) 2,832  
Depreciation and amortization:
June 30, 2020$(82) $(130) $(165) $(48) $(9) $—  $(21) $—  $(455) 
June 30, 2019(59) (128) (134) (39) (3) —  (21) —  (384) 
Operating income (loss):
June 30, 2020$232  $296  $(66) $(18) $(32) $(14) $(21) $—  $377  
June 30, 2019(581) 1,047  185  78  46  (27) (19) —  729  
Net income (loss):
June 30, 2020$229  $299  $(66) $(18) $(32) $(14) $(234) $—  $164  
June 30, 2019(585) 1,056  183  79  46  (26) (399) —  354  
Six months endedRetailERCOTPJMNY/NEMISOAsset ClosureCorporate and Other (b)EliminationsConsolidated
Operating revenues (a):
June 30, 2020$3,864  $1,731  $1,060  $417  $263  $—  $127  $(2,095) $5,367  
June 30, 20192,806  2,625  1,391  599  357  143  164  (2,330) 5,755  
Depreciation and amortization:
June 30, 2020$(162) $(253) $(303) $(97) $(20) $—  $(40) $—  $(875) 
June 30, 2019(118) (259) (265) (104) (7) —  (37) —  (790) 
Operating income (loss):
June 30, 2020$329  $552  $68  $10  $(114) $(30) $(49) $—  $766  
June 30, 2019(563) 1,335  348  94  67  (51) (12) —  1,218  
Net income (loss):
June 30, 2020$323  $557  $53  $(3) $(111) $(31) $(579) $—  $209  
June 30, 2019(571) 1,356  346  100  67  (50) (670) —  578  
Capital expenditures, including nuclear fuel and excluding LTSA prepayments and development and growth expenditures:
June 30, 2020$ $141  $53  $14  $ $—  $43  $—  $259  
June 30, 2019 161  20   15  —  27  —  229  

___________
(a)The following unrealized net gains (losses) from mark-to-market valuations of commodity positions are included in operating revenues:
Three months endedRetailERCOTPJMNY/NEMISOAsset ClosureCorporate and Other (b)Eliminations (1)Consolidated
June 30, 2020$(5) $180  $(76) $(55) $(31) $—  $(8) $(74) $(69) 
June 30, 2019 1,050  184  31  67  —   (803) $538  
Six months endedRetailERCOTPJMNY/NEMISOAsset ClosureCorporate and Other (b)Eliminations (1)Consolidated
June 30, 2020$(5) $383  $ $(24) $(33) $—  $(1) $(193) $131  
June 30, 2019 1,287  276  32  46  —  19  (968) $697  
____________
(a)The following unrealized net gains (losses) from mark-to-market valuations of commodity positions are included in operating revenues:
(1)Amounts offset in fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees in the Retail segment, with no impact to consolidated results.
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Retail$6
 $1
 $5
 $13
ERCOT1,050
 668
 1,287
 (398)
PJM184
 (10) 276
 (10)
NY/NE31
 (24) 32
 (24)
MISO67
 30
 46
 30
Corporate and Other (b)3
 1
 19
 1
Eliminations (1)(803) (463) (968) 180
Consolidated unrealized net gains (losses) from mark-to-market valuations of commodity positions included in operating revenues$538
 $203
 $697
 $(208)
(b)Other includes CAISO operations. Income tax expense is not reflected in net income of the segments but is reflected entirely in Corporate and Other net income.
____________
(1)Amounts offset in fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees in the Retail segment, with no impact to consolidated results.
(b)Other includes CAISO operations. Income tax expense is not reflected in net income of the segments but is reflected entirely in Corporate and Other net income.
(c)For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, Retail operating loss and net loss is driven by unrealized losses from mark-to-market valuations of commodity positions included in fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, Retail operating income and net income is driven by unrealized gains from mark-to-market valuations of commodity positions included in fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees.
 June 30,
2019
 December 31, 2018
Total assets   
Retail$8,249
 $7,699
ERCOT10,252
 9,347
PJM5,778
 7,188
NY/NE2,798
 2,722
MISO468
 836
Asset Closure253
 254
Corporate and Other and Eliminations(1,278) (2,022)
Consolidated total assets$26,520
 $26,024


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19.SUPPLEMENTARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION
18.SUPPLEMENTARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Pension and OPEB Plans Components of Net Benefit Cost

For the three and six months ended June 30, 20192020 and 2018,2019, net periodic benefit costs consisted of the following:
Pension BenefitsOPEB Benefits
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended
June 30,
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended
June 30,
20202019202020192020201920202019
Service cost$ $ $ $ $—  $—  $—  $—  
Other costs—  —   —      
Net periodic benefit cost$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 
 Pension Benefits OPEB Benefits
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended
June 30,
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended
June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018
Service cost$2
 $4
 $4
 $5
 $
 $1
 $
 $1
Other costs
 
 
 
 2
 1
 4
 2
Net periodic benefit cost$2
 $4
 $4
 $5
 $2
 $2
 $4
 $3


Impairment of Long-Lived Assets


In March 2020, we recognized an impairment loss of $52 million related to our Joppa/EEI coal generation facility in Illinois as a result of a significant decrease in the estimated useful life of the facility, reflecting a decrease in the economic forecast of the facility and changes to the operating assumption based on lower forecasted wholesale electricity prices. We also recorded a $32 million impairment to a capacity contract which was linked in part to the Joppa/EEI facility and therefore determined to have a significant decrease in estimated useful life. The impairments are reported in our MISO segment and include a $45 million write-down of property, plant and equipment, a $32 million write-down of intangible assets and a $7 million write-down of inventory.

Material impairments may occur in the future at coal generation facilities if forward wholesale electricity prices continue to decline or if additional environmental regulations increase the cost of producing electricity at our generation facilities. Specifically, a resolution to the CCR and/or ELG matters could result in increased operating costs and impact the economic viability of our MISO and PJM coal generation facilities (see Note 12).

Interest Expense and Related Charges
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2020201920202019
Interest paid/accrued$121  $154  $249  $305  
Unrealized mark-to-market net losses on interest rate swaps18  119  192  199  
Amortization of debt issuance costs, discounts and premiums —   (2) 
Debt extinguishment gain(3) (3) (11) (10) 
Capitalized interest(5) (3) (9) (7) 
Other  11  10  
Total interest expense and related charges$141  $274  $440  $495  
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Interest paid/accrued$154
 $166
 $305
 $216
Unrealized mark-to-market net (gains) losses on interest rate swaps119
 (25) 199
 (86)
Amortization of debt issuance costs, discounts and premiums
 3
 (2) 4
Debt extinguishment gain(3) 
 (10) 
Capitalized interest(3) (4) (7) (7)
Other7
 6
 10
 10
Total interest expense and related charges$274
 $146
 $495
 $137


The weighted average interest rate applicable to the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities, taking into account the interest rate swaps discussed in Note 11, was 3.53% and 4.03% at June 30, 2020 and 2019.

41

Table of Contents
Other Income and Deductions
Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2019 2018 2019 20182020201920202019
Other income:       Other income:
Office space sublease rental income (a)$
 $2
 $
 $4
Insurance settlement (b)(a)8
 
 19
 
$ $ $ $19  
Funds released from escrow to settle pre-petition claims of our predecessor
 
 9
 
Funds released from escrow to settle pre-petition claims of our predecessor—  —  —   
Sale of land (b)
 
 
 1
Interest income3
 4
 7
 10
Interest income    
All other2
 1
 4
 3
All other    
Total other income$13
 $7
 $39
 $18
Total other income$ $13  $12  $39  
Other deductions:       Other deductions:
Loss on disposal of investment in NELP (b)Loss on disposal of investment in NELP (b)$ $—  $29  $—  
All other2
 1
 $5
 $3
All other    
Total other deductions$2
 $1
 $5
 $3
Total other deductions$ $ $35  $ 
____________
(a)Reported in Corporate and Other non-segment. Beginning January 1, 2019, our sublease rental income related to real estate leases is reported in selling, general and administrative expenses in the condensed statements of consolidated income (loss).
(b)Reported in ERCOT segment.
(a)The amount for the three months ended June 30, 2020 reported in the ERCOT segment. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, $3 million reported in the Corporate and Other non-segment and $2 million reported in the ERCOT segment. The amounts for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 reported in the ERCOT segment.
(b)For the six months ended June 30, 2020, loss of $15 million reported in the NY/NE segment and $14 million in the PJM segment.

Restricted Cash
June 30, 2020December 31, 2019
Current AssetsNoncurrent AssetsCurrent AssetsNoncurrent Assets
Amounts related to remediation escrow accounts$20  $24  $15  $28  
Amounts related to restructuring escrow accounts —  43  —  
Amounts related to Ambit customer deposits—  —  19  —  
Amounts related to Ambit commodity trading agreement—  —  62  —  
Amounts related to Ambit letters of credit (Note 11) —   —  
Total restricted cash$27  $24  $147  $28  
 June 30,
2019
 December 31, 2018
 Current Assets
Amounts related to restructuring escrow accounts$42
 $57
Total restricted cash$42
 $57



Trade Accounts Receivable
June 30,
2020
December 31,
2019
Wholesale and retail trade accounts receivable$1,310  $1,401  
Allowance for uncollectible accounts(38) (36) 
Trade accounts receivable — net$1,272  $1,365  
 June 30,
2019
 December 31,
2018
Wholesale and retail trade accounts receivable$1,118
 $1,106
Allowance for uncollectible accounts(17) (19)
Trade accounts receivable — net$1,101
 $1,087


Gross trade accounts receivable at June 30, 20192020 and December 31, 20182019 included unbilled retail revenues of $375$483 million and $350$494 million, respectively.

Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts Receivable
Six Months Ended June 30,
20202019
Allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable at beginning of period (a)$42  $19  
Increase for bad debt expense45  29  
Decrease for account write-offs(49) (31) 
Allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable at end of period$38  $17  
 Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018
Allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable at beginning of period$19
 $14
Increase for bad debt expense29
 22
Decrease for account write-offs(31) (22)
Allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable at end of period$17
 $14
____________
(a)Includes a $6 million increase recorded due to the adoption of ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (see Note 1).


42

Table of Contents
Inventories by Major Category
June 30,
2020
December 31,
2019
Materials and supplies$274  $278  
Fuel stock250  172  
Natural gas in storage17  19  
Total inventories$541  $469  
 June 30,
2019
 December 31,
2018
Materials and supplies$290
 $286
Fuel stock172
 115
Natural gas in storage14
 11
Total inventories$476
 $412


Investments
June 30,
2020
December 31,
2019
Nuclear plant decommissioning trust$1,466  $1,451  
Assets related to employee benefit plans37  37  
Land49  49  
Total investments$1,552  $1,537  
 June 30,
2019
 December 31,
2018
Nuclear plant decommissioning trust$1,342
 $1,170
Assets related to employee benefit plans31
 31
Land49
 49
Total investments$1,422
 $1,250


Investment in Unconsolidated SubsidiariesSubsidiary

On the Merger Date, we assumed Dynegy's 50% interest in Northeast Energy, LP (NELP), a joint venture with NextEra Energy, Inc., which indirectly owns the Bellingham NEA facility and the Sayreville facility. At June 30,December 31, 2019, our investment in NELP totaled $125$123 million. Our risk

In December 2019, Dynegy Northeast Generation GP, Inc. and Dynegy Northeast Associates LP, Inc., indirect subsidiaries of Vistra, entered into a transaction agreement with NELP and certain indirect subsidiaries of NextEra Energy, Inc. wherein the indirect subsidiaries of Vistra redeemed their ownership interest in NELP in exchange for 100% ownership interest in NJEA, the company which owns the Sayreville facility. The NELP Transaction was approved by FERC in February 2020, and the NELP Transaction closed on March 2, 2020. As a result of the NELP Transaction, Vistra indirectly owns 100% of the Sayreville facility and no longer has any ownership interest in the Bellingham NEA facility. A loss related toof $29 million was recognized in connection with the NELP Transaction, reflecting the difference between our equity methodderecognized investment in NELP and the value of our acquired 100% interest in North Jersey Energy Associates, which was measured in accordance with ASC 805. The loss is limited toreported in our investment balance.condensed consolidated statements of operations in other deductions.

43

Table of Contents
Equity earnings related to our investment in NELP totaled $3 million and $4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively,$3 million and $9 million and $4 million for the six months ended June 30, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively, recorded in equity in earnings (loss) of unconsolidated investment in our condensed consolidated statements of consolidated net income (loss).operations. We received distributions totaling $9 million and $6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively,$3 million and $14 million and $6 million for the six months ended June 30, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively.


Nuclear Decommissioning Trust

Investments in a trust that will be used to fund the costs to decommission the Comanche Peak nuclear generation plant are carried at fair value. Decommissioning costs are being recovered from Oncor Electric Delivery Company LLC's (Oncor) customers as a delivery fee surcharge over the life of the plant and deposited by Vistra Energy (and prior to the Effective Date, a subsidiary of TCEH) in the trust fund. Income and expense, including gains and losses associated with the trust fund assets and the decommissioning liability are offset by a corresponding change in a regulatory asset/liability (currently a regulatory liabilityasset reported in other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits)assets) that will ultimately be settled through changes in Oncor's delivery fees rates. If funds recovered from Oncor's customers held in the trust fund are determined to be inadequate to decommission the Comanche Peak nuclear generation plant, Oncor would be required to collect all additional amounts from its customers, with no obligation from Vistra, Energy, provided that Vistra Energy complied with PUCT rules and regulations regarding decommissioning trusts. A summary of the fair market value of investments in the fund follows:
 June 30, 2019
 Cost (a) Unrealized gain Unrealized loss Fair market value
Debt securities (b)$481
 $21
 $
 $502
Equity securities (c)272
 568
 
 840
Total$753
 $589
 $
 $1,342

 December 31, 2018
 Cost (a) Unrealized gain Unrealized loss Fair market value
Debt securities (b)$444
 $7
 $(8) $443
Equity securities (c)280
 448
 (1) 727
Total$724
 $455
 $(9) $1,170
June 30,
2020
December 31, 2019
Debt securities (a)$588  $521  
Equity securities (b)878  930  
Total$1,466  $1,451  
____________
(a)Includes realized gains and losses on securities sold.
(b)The investment objective for debt securities is to invest in a diversified tax efficient portfolio with an overall portfolio rating of AA or above as graded by S&P or Aa2 by Moody's. The debt securities are heavily weighted with government and municipal bonds and investment grade corporate bonds. The debt securities had an average coupon rate of 3.44% and 3.69% at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, and an average maturity of nine years and eight years at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
(c)The investment objective for equity securities is to invest tax efficiently and to match the performance of the S&P 500 Index for U.S. equity investments and the MSCI EAFE Index for non-U.S. equity investments.
(a)The investment objective for debt securities is to invest in a diversified tax efficient portfolio with an overall portfolio rating of AA or above as graded by S&P or Aa2 by Moody's. The debt securities are heavily weighted with government and municipal bonds and investment grade corporate bonds. The debt securities had an average coupon rate of 3.16% and 3.42% at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, and an average maturity of ten years and nine years at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
(b)The investment objective for equity securities is to invest tax efficiently and to match the performance of the S&P 500 Index for U.S. equity investments and the MSCI EAFE Index for non-U.S. equity investments.

Debt securities held at June 30, 20192020 mature as follows: $186$194 million in one to five years, $134$165 million in five to 10 years and $182$229 million after 10 years.

The following table summarizes proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities and the related realized gains and losses from such sales.investments in new securities.
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2020201920202019
Proceeds from sales of securities$149  $214  $224  $292  
Investments in securities$(154) $(219) $(234) $(302) 
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Realized gains$7
 $1
 $10
 $1
Realized losses$(2) $(1) $(3) $(3)
Proceeds from sales of securities$214
 $47
 $292
 $93
Investments in securities$(219) $(52) $(302) $(103)



Property, Plant and Equipment
June 30,
2020
December 31,
2019
Power generation and structures$15,479  $15,205  
Land623  622  
Office and other equipment171  164  
Total16,273  15,991  
Less accumulated depreciation(3,160) (2,553) 
Net of accumulated depreciation13,113  13,438  
Finance lease right-of-use assets56  59  
Nuclear fuel (net of accumulated amortization of $159 million and $216 million)211  197  
Construction work in progress501  220  
Property, plant and equipment — net$13,881  $13,914  

44

 June 30,
2019
 December 31,
2018
Power generation and structures$15,066
 $14,604
Land640
 642
Office and other equipment163
 182
Total15,869
 15,428
Less accumulated depreciation(1,923) (1,284)
Net of accumulated depreciation13,946
 14,144
Nuclear fuel (net of accumulated amortization of $163 million and $189 million)179
 191
Construction work in progress135
 277
Property, plant and equipment — net$14,260
 $14,612
Table of Contents

Depreciation expenses totaled $312$356 million and $292$312 million for the three months ended June 30, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively, and $647$685 million and $360$647 million for six months ended June 30, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively.

Asset Retirement and Mining Reclamation Obligations (ARO)

These liabilities primarily relate to nuclear generation plant decommissioning, land reclamation related to lignite mining, removalremediation or closure of coal/lignite fueled plantcoal ash treatment facilitiesbasins, and generation plant asbestos removal and disposal costs. There is no earnings impact with respect to changes in the nuclear plant decommissioning liability, as all costs are recoverable through the regulatory process as part of delivery fees charged by Oncor. We have also identified conditional AROs for asbestos removal and disposal, which are specific to certain generation assets. However, because the period of remediation is indeterminable no removal liabilities have been recognized.

At June 30, 2019,2020, the carrying value of our ARO related to our nuclear generation plant decommissioning totaled $1.298$1.561 billion, which is lowerhigher than the fair value of the assets contained in the nuclear decommissioning trust. Since the costs to ultimately decommission that plant are recoverable through the regulatory rate making process as part of Oncor's delivery fees, a corresponding regulatory liabilityasset has been recorded to our condensed consolidated balance sheet of $44$95 million in other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits.assets.

The following tables summarizetable summarizes the changes to these obligations, reported as asset retirement obligationsAROs (current and noncurrent liabilities) in our condensed consolidated balance sheets, for the six months ended June 30, 20192020 and 2018.2019.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2020Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
Nuclear Plant Decom-
missioning
Mining Land ReclamationCoal Ash and OtherTotalNuclear Plant Decom-
missioning
Mining Land ReclamationCoal Ash and OtherTotal
Liability at beginning of period$1,320  $410  $508  $2,238  $1,276  $442  $655  $2,373  
Additions:
Accretion22  10  13  45  22  11  16  49  
Adjustment for change in estimates (a)219  (4) (2) 213  —  (3) (3) (6) 
Adjustment for obligations assumed through acquisitions—  —  —  —  —  —  (3) (3) 
Reductions:
Payments—  (28) (16) (44) —  (32) (16) (48) 
Liability at end of period1,561  388  503  2,452  1,298  418  649  2,365  
Less amounts due currently—  (92) (46) (138) —  (132) (100) (232) 
Noncurrent liability at end of period$1,561  $296  $457  $2,314  1,298  286  549  2,133  
 Nuclear Plant Decommissioning Mining Land Reclamation Coal Ash and Other Total
Liability at December 31, 2018$1,276
 $442
 $655
 $2,373
Additions:       
Accretion22
 11
 16
 49
Adjustment for change in estimates
 (3) (3) (6)
Adjustment for obligations assumed through acquisitions
 
 (3) (3)
Reductions:       
Payments
 (32) (16) (48)
Liability at June 30, 20191,298
 418
 649
 2,365
Less amounts due currently
 (132) (100) (232)
Noncurrent liability at June 30, 2019$1,298
 $286
 $549
 $2,133
____________
(a)The adjustment for nuclear plant decommissioning resulted from a new cost estimate completed in the second quarter of 2020. Under applicable accounting standards, the liability is remeasured when significant changes in the amount or timing of cash flows occur, and the PUCT requires a new cost estimate at least every five years. The increase in the liability was driven by changes in assumptions including increased costs for labor, equipment and services and a delay in timing of when the U.S. Department of Energy is estimated to begin accepting spent fuel offsite.



 Nuclear Plant Decommissioning Mining Land Reclamation Coal Ash and Other Total
Liability at December 31, 2017$1,233
 $438
 $265
 $1,936
Additions:       
Accretion21
 11
 12
 44
Adjustment for change in estimates
 7
 (43) (36)
Obligations assumed in the Merger
 2
 417
 419
Reductions:       
Payments
 (35) (6) (41)
Liability at June 30, 2018$1,254
 $423
 $645
 $2,322
45


Table of Contents

Other Noncurrent Liabilities and Deferred Credits

The balance of other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits consists of the following:
June 30,
2020
December 31,
2019
Retirement and other employee benefits (a)$324  $295  
Identifiable intangible liabilities (Note 6)294  286  
Regulatory liability—  131  
Finance lease liabilities79  78  
Uncertain tax positions, including accrued interest10  10  
Liability for third-party remediation37  41  
Environmental allowances53  52  
Other accrued expenses154  96  
Total other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits$951  $989  
 June 30,
2019
 December 31,
2018
Retirement and other employee benefits$273
 $270
Finance lease liabilities74
 
Uncertain tax positions, including accrued interest6
 4
Other111
 66
Total other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits$464
 $340
____________
(a)We have applied settlement accounting in 2020 due to distributions exceeding the current period service and interest costs. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the remeasurement of our pension plan in connection with settlement accounting resulted in an increase in the benefit obligation liability of $1 million and $33 million, respectively, pretax other comprehensive loss of 0 and $30 million, respectively, and settlement expense of $1 million and $3 million, respectively, recognized as other deductions in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.


Fair Value of Debt
June 30, 2020December 31, 2019
Long-term debt (see Note 11):Fair Value HierarchyCarrying AmountFair
Value
Carrying AmountFair
Value
Long-term debt under the Vistra Operations Credit FacilitiesLevel 2$2,594  $2,489  $2,715  $2,717  
Vistra Operations Senior NotesLevel 26,629  6,890  6,620  6,926  
Vistra Senior NotesLevel 2179  173  774  772  
Forward Capacity AgreementsLevel 399  99  155  155  
Equipment Financing AgreementsLevel 380  80  87  87  
Building FinancingLevel 213  13  16  16  
Other debtLevel 3  12  12  
    June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
Long-term debt (see Note 11): Fair Value Hierarchy Carrying Amount 
Fair
Value
 Carrying Amount 
Fair
Value
Long-term debt under the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities Level 2 $3,808
 $3,796
 $5,820
 $5,599
Vistra Operations Senior Notes Level 2 5,535
 5,787
 987
 963
Vistra Energy Senior Notes Level 2 1,603
 1,592
 3,819
 3,765
7.000% Amortizing Notes Level 2 8
 8
 23
 24
Forward Capacity Agreements Level 3 212
 212
 221
 221
Equipment Financing Agreements Level 3 98
 98
 102
 102
Mandatorily redeemable subsidiary preferred stock Level 2 70
 70
 70
 70
Building Financing Level 2 20
 19
 23
 21


We determine fair value in accordance with accounting standards as discussed in Note 15.14. We obtain security pricing from an independent party who uses broker quotes and third-party pricing services to determine fair values. Where relevant, these prices are validated through subscription services, such as Bloomberg.

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

The following table reconciles cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported in our condensed consolidated statements of consolidated cash flows to the amounts reported in our condensed consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 20192020 and December 31, 2018:2019:
June 30,
2020
December 31,
2019
Cash and cash equivalents$382  $300  
Restricted cash included in current assets27  147  
Restricted cash included in noncurrent assets24  28  
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$433  $475  
 June 30,
2019
 December 31,
2018
Cash and cash equivalents$964
 $636
Restricted cash included in current assets42
 57
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$1,006
 $693


46


Table of Contents
The following table summarizes our supplemental cash flow information for the six months ended June 30, 20192020 and 2018:2019:
Six Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2019 201820202019
Cash payments related to:   Cash payments related to:
Interest paid$307
 $344
Interest paid$262  $307  
Capitalized interest(7) (7)Capitalized interest(9) (7) 
Interest paid (net of capitalized interest)$300
 $337
Interest paid (net of capitalized interest)$253  $300  
Income taxes (a)$9
 $58
Income taxes paid (refunds received) (a)Income taxes paid (refunds received) (a)$(32) $ 
Noncash investing and financing activities:   Noncash investing and financing activities:
Construction expenditures (b)$41
 $13
Construction expenditures (b)$51  $41  
Vistra Energy common stock issued in the Merger (Notes 2 and 14)$
 $2,245
Disposition of investment in NELPDisposition of investment in NELP$123  $—  
Acquisition of investment in North Jersey Energy AssociatesAcquisition of investment in North Jersey Energy Associates$90  $—  
____________
(a)Income tax payments are net of tax refunds of $21 million and $5 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively
(b)Represents end-of-period accruals for ongoing construction projects.

(a)For the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, we paid state income taxes of $5 million and $30 million, respectively, and received federal tax refunds of $37 million and $21 million, respectively.

(b)Represents end-of-period accruals for ongoing construction projects.

20.SUPPLEMENTAL CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Our senior unsecured notes are guaranteed by substantially all
Item 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The discussion below, as well as other portions of our wholly owned subsidiaries. The following condensed consolidating financialthis quarterly report on Form 10-Q, contain forward-looking statements presentwithin the financial informationmeaning of (i) Vistra Energy Corp. (Parent), which is the ultimate parent company and issuerSection 27A of the senior notesSecurities Act, Section 21E of the Exchange Act and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In addition, management may make forward-looking statements orally or in other writing, including, but not limited to, in press releases, quarterly earnings calls, executive presentations, in the annual report to stockholders and in other filings with effectthe SEC. Readers can usually identify these forward-looking statements by the use of such words as “may,” “will,” “should,” “likely,” “plans,” “projects,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “believes” or similar words. These statements involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Actual results could materially differ from those anticipated by such forward-looking statements. For more discussion about risk factors that could cause or contribute to such differences, see Part II, Item 7 "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and Part I, Item 1A "Risk Factors" in the Company’s 2019 Form 10-K, Part II, Item 1A "Risk Factors" in the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2020 and any updates contained herein. Forward-looking statements reflect the information only as of the Merger Date,date on a stand-alone, unconsolidated basis, (ii)which they are made. The Company does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect future events, developments, or other information. If Vistra does update one or more forward-looking statements, no inference should be drawn that additional updates will be made regarding that statement or any other forward-looking statements. This discussion is intended to clarify and focus on our results of operations, certain changes in our financial position, liquidity, capital structure and business developments for the guarantor subsidiariesperiods covered by the consolidated financial statements included under Item 1 of Vistra Energy (Guarantor Subsidiaries), (iii)this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the non-guarantor subsidiaries of Vistra Energy (Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries)three and (iv) the eliminations necessary to arrive at the information for Vistra Energy on a consolidated basis. The Guarantor Subsidiaries consist of the wholly-owned subsidiaries, which jointly, severally, fully and unconditionally, guarantee the payment obligations under the senior notes. See Note 11 forsix months ended June 30, 2020. This discussion of the senior notes.

These statements should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensedthose consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto of Vistra Energy. The supplemental condensed consolidating financial information has been prepared pursuantand is qualified by reference to the rules and regulations for condensed financial information and does not include all disclosures included in annual financial statements. The inclusion of Vistra Energy's subsidiaries as either Guarantor Subsidiaries or Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries in the condensed consolidating financial information is determined as of the most recent balance sheet date presented.them.

The Parent files a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return. All consolidated income tax expense or benefits and deferred tax assets and liabilities have been allocated to the respective subsidiary columns in accordance with the accounting rules that apply to separate financial statements of subsidiaries.

Vistra Energy Corp. (Parent) received $3.195 billion in dividends from its consolidated subsidiaries in the six months ended June 30, 2019.

Condensed Statements of Consolidating Income (Loss) for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
(Millions of Dollars)
 Parent (Issuer) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Operating revenues$
 $2,835
 $53
 $(56) $2,832
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees
 (1,144) (19) 24
 (1,139)
Operating costs
 (355) (15) 
 (370)
Depreciation and amortization(1) (364) (19) 
 (384)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(13) (216) (19) 38
 (210)
Operating income (loss)(14) 756
 (19) 6
 729
Other income1
 14
 
 (2) 13
Other deductions
 (2) 
 
 (2)
Interest expense and related charges(29) (241) (6) 2
 (274)
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement33
 
 
 
 33
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated investment
 3
 
 
 3
Income (loss) before income taxes(9) 530
 (25) 6
 502
Income tax benefit (expense)4
 (160) 14
 (6) (148)
Equity in earnings (loss) of subsidiaries, net of tax361
 (9) 
 (352) 
Net income (loss)356
 361
 (11) (352) 354
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
 
 2
 
 2
Net income (loss) attributable to Vistra Energy$356
 $361
 $(9) $(352) $356


Condensed Statements of Consolidating Income (Loss) for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
(Millions of Dollars)
 Parent (Issuer) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Operating revenues$
 $2,508
 $68
 $(2) $2,574
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees
 (1,166) (51) 1
 (1,216)
Operating costs
 (370) (16) 
 (386)
Depreciation and amortization
 (371) (18) 
 (389)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(192) (160) (2) 2
 (352)
Operating income (loss)(192) 441
 (19) 1
 231
Other income3
 5
 
 (1) 7
Other deductions
 (1) 
 
 (1)
Interest expense and related charges(87) (58) (1) 
 (146)
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement(64) 
 
 
 (64)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated investment
 4
 
 
 4
Income (loss) before income taxes(340) 391
 (20) 
 31
Income tax benefit (expense)102
 (34) 6
 
 74
Equity in earnings (loss) of subsidiaries, net of tax343
 (14) 
 (329) 
Net income (loss)105
 343
 (14) (329) 105
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
 
 3
 
 3
Net income (loss) attributable to Vistra Energy$105
 $343
 $(11) $(329) $108

Condensed Statements of Consolidating Income (Loss) for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
(Millions of Dollars)
 Parent (Issuer) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Operating revenues$
 $5,761
 $110
 $(116) $5,755
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees
 (2,612) (48) 60
 (2,600)
Operating costs
 (726) (29) 
 (755)
Depreciation and amortization(2) (746) (42) 
 (790)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(31) (395) (38) 72
 (392)
Operating income (loss)(33) 1,282
 (47) 16
 1,218
Other income15
 31
 1
 (8) 39
Other deductions
 (5) 
 
 (5)
Interest expense and related charges(72) (419) (12) 8
 (495)
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement36
 
 
 
 36
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated investment
 10
 
 
 10
Income (loss) before income taxes(54) 899
 (58) 16
 803
Income tax benefit (expense)17
 (249) 23
 (16) (225)
Equity in earnings (loss) of subsidiaries, net of tax618
 (32) 
 (586) 
Net income (loss)581
 618
 (35) (586) 578
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
 
 3
 
 3
Net income (loss) attributable to Vistra Energy$581
 $618
 $(32) $(586) $581


Condensed Statements of Consolidating Income (Loss) for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
(Millions of Dollars)
 Parent (Issuer) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Operating revenues$
 $3,272
 $68
 $(2) $3,338
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees
 (1,816) (51) 1
 (1,866)
Operating costs
 (564) (16) 
 (580)
Depreciation and amortization
 (524) (18) 
 (542)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(226) (288) (2) 2
 (514)
Operating income (loss)(226) 80
 (19) 1
 (164)
Other income6
 12
 1
 (1) 18
Other deductions
 (3) 
 
 (3)
Interest expense and related charges(87) (49) (1) 
 (137)
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement(82) 
 
 
 (82)
 
 4
 
 
 4
Income (loss) before income taxes(389) 44
 (19) 
 (364)
Income tax benefit (expense)117
 41
 5
 
 163
Equity in earnings (loss) of subsidiaries, net of tax71
 (14) 
 (57) 
Net income (loss)(201) 71
 (14) (57) (201)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
 
 3
 
 3
Net income (loss) attributable to Vistra Energy$(201) $71
 $(11) $(57) $(198)

Condensed Statements of Consolidating Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
(Millions of Dollars)
 Parent (Issuer) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Net income (loss)$356
 $361
 $(11) $(352) $354
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax effects:         
Effect related to pension and other retirement benefit obligations
 
 
 
 
Total other comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
Comprehensive income (loss)356
 361
 (11) (352) 354
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
 
 2
 
 2
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Vistra Energy$356
 $361
 $(9) $(352) $356


Condensed Statements of Consolidating Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
(Millions of Dollars)
 Parent (Issuer) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Net income (loss)$105
 $343
 $(14) $(329) $105
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax effects:         
Effect related to pension and other retirement benefit obligations
 
 
 
 
Total other comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
Comprehensive income (loss)$105
 $343
 $(14) $(329) $105
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
 
 3
 
 3
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Vistra Energy$105
 $343
 $(11) $(329) $108

Condensed Statements of Consolidating Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
(Millions of Dollars)
 Parent (Issuer) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Net income (loss)$581
 $618
 $(35) $(586) $578
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax effects:         
Effect related to pension and other retirement benefit obligations1
 
 
 
 1
Total other comprehensive income1
 
 
 
 1
Comprehensive income (loss)582
 618
 (35) (586) 579
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
 
 3
 
 3
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Vistra Energy$582
 $618
 $(32) $(586) $582

Condensed Statements of Consolidating Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
(Millions of Dollars)
 Parent (Issuer) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Net income (loss)$(201) $71
 $(14) $(57) $(201)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax effects:         
Effect related to pension and other retirement benefit obligations1
 
 
 
 1
Total other comprehensive income1
 
 
 
 1
Comprehensive income (loss)$(200) $71
 $(14) $(57) $(200)
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
 
 3
 
 3
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Vistra Energy$(200) $71
 $(11) $(57) $(197)


Condensed Statements of Consolidating Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
(Millions of Dollars)
 Parent (Issuer) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Cash flows — operating activities:         
Cash provided by (used in) operating activities$(127) $1,111
 $(102) $
 $882
Cash flows — financing activities:         
Issuances of long-term debt
 4,600
 
 
 4,600
Repayments/repurchases of debt(2,114) (2,023) 
 
 (4,137)
Net borrowings under accounts receivable securitization program
 
 91
 


 91
Cash dividends paid(120) (3,195) 
 3,195
 (120)
Stock repurchase(457) 
 
 
 (457)
Debt tender offer and other financing fees(92) (54) 
 
 (146)
Other, net(1) 
 
 
 (1)
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities(2,784) (672) 91
 3,195
 (170)
Cash flows — investing activities:         
Capital expenditures, including LTSA prepayments(1) (246) 
 
 (247)
Nuclear fuel purchases
 (20) 
 
 (20)
Development and growth expenditures
 (36) 
 
 (36)
Proceeds from sales of nuclear decommissioning trust fund securities
 292
 
 
 292
Investments in nuclear decommissioning trust fund securities
 (302) 
 
 (302)
Proceeds from sale of environmental allowances
 31
 
 
 31
Purchases of environmental allowances
 (138) 
 
 (138)
Dividend received from subsidiaries3,195
 
 


 (3,195) 
Other, net
 21
 
 
 21
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities3,194
 (398) 
 (3,195) (399)
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash283
 41
 (11) 
 313
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash — beginning balance228
 453
 12
 
 693
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash — ending balance$511
 $494
 $1
 $
 $1,006


Condensed Statements of Consolidating Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
(Millions of Dollars)
 Parent (Issuer) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Cash flows — operating activities:         
Cash provided by (used in) operating activities$(280) $(109) $360
 $
 $(29)
Cash flows — financing activities:         
Repayments/repurchases of debt(840) (498) 
 
 (1,338)
Stock repurchase(63) 
 
 
 (63)
Debt financing fees(29) (17) 
 
 (46)
Other, net
 4
 
 
 4
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities(932) (511) 
 
 (1,443)
Cash flows — investing activities:         
Capital expenditures(4) (147) (2) 
 (153)
Nuclear fuel purchases
 (28) 
 
 (28)
Development and growth expenditures
 (21) 
 
 (21)
Cash acquired in the Merger418
 27
 
 
 445
Proceeds from sales of nuclear decommissioning trust fund securities
 93
 
 
 93
Investments in nuclear decommissioning trust fund securities
 (103) 
 
 (103)
Proceeds from sale of environmental allowances
 
 
 
 
Purchases of environmental allowances
 (1) 
 
 (1)
Other, net(4) 359
 (345) 
 10
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities410
 179
 (347) 
 242
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(802) (441) 13
 
 (1,230)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash — beginning balance1,183
 863
 
 
 2,046
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash — ending balance$381
 $422
 $13
 $
 $816


Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet as of June 30, 2019
(Millions of Dollars)
 Parent (Issuer) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
ASSETS         
Current assets:         
Cash and cash equivalents$469
 $494
 $1
 $
 $964
Restricted cash42
 
 
 
 42
Advances to affiliates
 40
 1
 (41) 
Trade accounts receivable — net11
 640
 650
 (200) 1,101
Accounts receivable — affiliates2
 770
 242
 (1,014) 
Notes due from affiliates
 102
 
 (102) 
Income taxes receivable
 
 
 
 
Inventories
 453
 23
 
 476
Commodity and other derivative contractual assets
 1,418
 
 
 1,418
Margin deposits related to commodity contracts
 253
 
 
 253
Prepaid expense and other current assets130
 140
 15
 
 285
Total current assets654
 4,310
 932
 (1,357) 4,539
Investments
 1,390
 32
 
 1,422
Investment in unconsolidated subsidiary
 127
 
 
 127
Investment in affiliated companies8,925
 123
 
 (9,048) 
Property, plant and equipment — net4
 13,713
 543
 
 14,260
Operating lease right-of-use assets
 34
 
 
 34
Goodwill
 2,082
 
 
 2,082
Identifiable intangible assets — net36
 2,344
 3
 
 2,383
Commodity and other derivative contractual assets
 124
 
 
 124
Accumulated deferred income taxes810
 415
 
 (81) 1,144
Other noncurrent assets131
 267
 7
 
 405
Total assets$10,560
 $24,929
 $1,517
 $(10,486) $26,520
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY         
Current liabilities:         
Accounts receivable securitization program$
 $
 $430
 $
 $430
Advances from affiliates
 1
 40
 (41) 
Long-term debt due currently8
 148
 5
 
 161
Trade accounts payable
 761
 211
 (190) 782
Accounts payable — affiliates556
 143
 315
 (1,014) 
Notes due to affiliates
 
 101
 (101) 
Commodity and other derivative contractual liabilities
 1,514
 
 
 1,514
Margin deposits related to commodity contracts
 8
 
 
 8
Accrued taxes12
 
 
 
 12
Accrued taxes other than income
 114
 1
 
 115
Accrued interest21
 65
 7
 (11) 82
Asset retirement obligations
 232
 
 
 232
Operating lease liabilities
 12
 1
 
 13
Other current liabilities53
 253
 2
 
 308
Total current liabilities650
 3,251
 1,113
 (1,357) 3,657

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet as of June 30, 2019
(Millions of Dollars)
 Parent (Issuer) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Long-term debt, less amounts due currently1,602
 9,560
 31
 
 11,193
Operating lease liabilities
 38
 2
 
 40
Commodity and other derivative contractual liabilities
 404
 
 
 404
Accumulated deferred income taxes
 
 91
 (81) 10
Tax Receivable Agreement obligation384
 
 
 
 384
Asset retirement obligations
 2,119
 14
 
 2,133
Identifiable intangible liabilities — net
 207
 124
 
 331
Other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits20
 425
 19
 
 464
Total liabilities2,656
 16,004
 1,394
 (1,438) 18,616
Total stockholders' equity7,904
 8,925
 123
 (9,048) 7,904
Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary
 
 
 
 
Total liabilities and equity$10,560
 $24,929
 $1,517
 $(10,486) $26,520

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2018
(Millions of Dollars)
 Parent (Issuer) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
ASSETS         
Current assets:         
Cash and cash equivalents$171
 $453
 $12
 $
 $636
Restricted cash57
 
 
 
 57
Advances to affiliates11
 11
 
 (22) 
Trade accounts receivable — net4
 729
 464
 (110) 1,087
Accounts receivable - affiliates
 245
 
 (245) 
Notes due from affiliates
 101
 
 (101) 
Income taxes receivable
 1
 
 (1) 
Inventories
 391
 21
 
 412
Commodity and other derivative contractual assets
 730
 
 
 730
Margin deposits related to commodity contracts
 361
 
 
 361
Prepaid expense and other current assets2
 134
 16
 
 152
Total current assets245
 3,156
 513
 (479) 3,435
Investments
 1,218
 32
 
 1,250
Investments in unconsolidated subsidiary
 131
 
 
 131
Investment in affiliated companies11,186
 263
 
 (11,449) 
Property, plant and equipment — net15
 14,017
 580
 
 14,612
Goodwill
 2,068
 
 
 2,068
Identifiable intangible assets — net10
 2,480
 3
 
 2,493
Commodity and other derivative contractual assets
 109
 
 
 109
Accumulated deferred income taxes809
 599
 
 (72) 1,336
Other noncurrent assets255
 330
 5
 
 590
Total assets$12,520
 $24,371
 $1,133
 $(12,000) $26,024


Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2018
(Millions of Dollars)
 Parent (Issuer) Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY         
Current liabilities:         
Accounts receivable securitization program$
 $
 $339
 $
 $339
Advances from affiliates
 
 22
 (22) 
Long-term debt due currently23
 163
 5
 
 191
Trade accounts payable2
 928
 121
 (106) 945
Accounts payable - affiliates236
 
 9
 (245) 
Notes due to affiliates
 
 101
 (101) 
Commodity and other derivative contractual liabilities
 1,376
 
 
 1,376
Margin deposits related to commodity contracts
 4
 
 
 4
Accrued income taxes11
 
 
 (1) 10
Accrued taxes other than income
 181
 1
 
 182
Accrued interest48
 29
 4
 (4) 77
Asset retirement obligations
 156
 
 
 156
Other current liabilities74
 267
 4
 
 345
Total current liabilities394
 3,104
 606
 (479) 3,625
Long-term debt, less amounts due currently3,819
 7,027
 28
 
 10,874
Commodity and other derivative contractual liabilities
 270
 
 
 270
Accumulated deferred income taxes
 
 82
 (72) 10
Tax Receivable Agreement obligation420
 
 
 
 420
Asset retirement obligations
 2,203
 14
 
 2,217
Identifiable intangible liabilities — net
 278
 123
 
 401
Other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits20
 303
 17
 
 340
Total liabilities4,653
 13,185
 870
 (551) 18,157
Total stockholders' equity7,867
 11,186
 259
 (11,449) 7,863
Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary
 
 4
 
 4
Total liabilities and equity$12,520
 $24,371
 $1,133
 $(12,000) $26,024



Item 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 20192020 and 20182019 should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes to those statements. Results are impacted by the effects of the Ambit Transaction and the Crius Transaction (see Note 2 to the Financial Statements). Operational results for four facilities retired in late 2019 were recast from the MISO segment to the Asset Closure segment (see Note 4 to the Financial Statements).

All dollar amounts in the tables in the following discussion and analysis are stated in millions of U.S. dollars unless otherwise indicated.

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Table of Contents
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The Company's discussion and analysis of its financial position and results of operations is based upon its consolidated financial statements. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires estimation and judgment that affect the reported amounts of revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the accounting for assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. If the estimates differ materially from actual results, the impact on the consolidated financial statements may be material. The Company's critical accounting policies are disclosed in our 2019 Form 10-K.

Business

Vistra Energy is a holding company operating an integrated retail and electric power generation business primarily in markets throughout the U.S. Through our subsidiaries, we are engaged in competitive electricityenergy market activities including power generation, wholesale energy sales and purchases, commodity risk management and retail sales of electricity and related servicesnatural gas to end users. Effective July 2, 2020, we changed our name from Vistra Energy Corp. to Vistra Corp. (Vistra) to distinguish from companies that are involved in exploring for, producing, refining, or transporting fossil fuels (many of which use "energy" in their names) and to better reflect our integrated business model, which combines a retail electricity and natural gas business focused on serving its customers with new and innovative products and services and an electric power generation business powering the communities we serve with safe, reliable power.

Operating Segments

Vistra Energy has six reportable segments: (i) Retail, (ii) ERCOT, (iii) PJM, (iv) NY/NE (comprising NYISO and ISO-NE), (v) MISO and (vi) Asset Closure. The PJM, NY/NE and MISO segments were established on the Merger Date to reflect markets served by businesses acquired in the Merger. See Note 1817 to the Financial Statements for further information concerning reportable business segments.

Significant Activities and Events and Items Influencing Future Performance

COVID-19 Pandemic

With the global outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) and the declaration of a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020, the U.S. government has deemed electricity generation, transmission and distribution as “critical infrastructure” providing essential services during this global emergency. As a provider of critical infrastructure, Vistra has an obligation to provide critically needed power to homes, businesses, hospitals and other customers. Vistra remains focused on protecting the health and well-being of its employees and the communities in which it operates while assuring the continuity of its business operations.

We have updated and implemented our company-wide pandemic plan to address specific aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic to guide our emergency response, business continuity, and the precautionary measures we are taking on behalf of employees and the public. We will continue to monitor developments affecting both our workforce and our customers, and we have taken, and will continue to take, health and safety measures that we determine are necessary in order to mitigate the impacts. To date, as a result of these business continuity measures, the Company has not experienced material disruptions in our operations due to COVID-19.

The fundamentals of the Company remain strong. Vistra believes it has sufficient available liquidity to continue business operations during this volatile period. As described under Available Liquidity, the Company has total available liquidity of $1.669 billion as of June 30, 2020, consisting of cash on hand and available capacity under our Revolving Credit Facility. In addition, the maturities of our long-term debt are relatively modest until 2023. If the Company experienced a significant reduction in revenues, the Company believes it would have additional alternatives to maintain liquidity, including capital expenditure reductions, reductions to planned voluntary debt repayments and cost reductions. As a result of the Company's ongoing initiatives, the Company believes it is well positioned to be able to respond to changes in customer demand, regulation or other factors impacting the Company's business related to the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Table of Contents
The COVID-19 pandemic presents potential new risks to the Company's business. Although there have been logistical and other challenges to date, there has been no material adverse impact on the Company's first or second quarter 2020 results of operations. The situation surrounding COVID-19 remains fluid and the potential for a material impact on the Company's results of operations, financial condition and liquidity increases the longer the virus impacts the level of economic activity in the U.S. and globally. As a result, COVID-19 may have a range of impacts on the Company's operations, the full extent and scope of which are currently unknown. See Part II, Item 1A Risk FactorsThe outbreak of COVID-19, or the future outbreak of any other highly infectious or contagious diseases, could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

In response to the economic and employment impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak, various states have instituted moratoriums or other conditions on disconnections for retail electricity customers. For example, in March and April 2020, the PUCT issued multiple orders requiring REPs in the ERCOT market to suspend late fees for residential customers through May 15, 2020, and to offer deferred payment plans to customers upon request. The PUCT also enacted the COVID-19 Electricity Relief Program whereby REPs must forego disconnecting customers certified as experiencing COVID-19-related hardship, and if such customer would otherwise be subject to disconnection and meets other qualifications, such REP must request suppression of the delivery charges from the transmission and distribution utility and request a proxy energy charge reimbursement from the COVID-19 Electricity Relief Program of $0.04/kWh, which is currently set to expire on August 31, 2020, unless otherwise extended by the PUCT. Residential customers who cannot pay their electric bill(s) due to unemployment from the effects of the COVID-19 disaster must contact the Low-Income List Administrator (LILA) and provide an attestation of unemployment and other identifying information, followed by documentation of unemployment. The extent and duration of these orders or other regulatory and legislative actions, rules, policies or requirements cannot be estimated at this time.

See Note 7 to the Financial Statements for a summary of certain anticipated tax-related impacts of the CARES Act to the Company.

Ambit Transaction

On November 1, 2019 (Ambit Acquisition Date), Volt Asset Company, Inc., an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of CriusVistra, completed the acquisition of Ambit (Ambit Transaction). See Note 2 to the Financial Statements for a summary of the Ambit Transaction and business combination accounting.

Crius Transaction

On July 15, 2019, Vienna Acquisition B.C. Ltd., an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Vistra, Energy, completed the acquisition of the equity interests of two wholly owned subsidiaries of Crius that indirectly own the operating business of Crius (Crius Transaction). Crius is an energy retailer selling both electricity and natural gas products to residential and small business customers in 19 states and the District of Columbia.

The Crius Transaction provides a high degree of overlap with Vistra Energy's generation fleet with approximately 11.6 TWh of annual load, improving Vistra Energy's match of its generation to load profile to approximately 45 percent, reducing risk. The Crius Transaction also establishes a platform for future growth by leveraging Vistra Energy's existing retail marketing capabilities and Crius' experienced team. The Crius Transaction enhances the integrated value proposition through collateral and transaction efficiencies, particularly via Crius' retail portfolio.

Vistra Energy funded the purchase price of approximately $400 million (including $380 million for outstanding trust units) using cash on hand and assumption of Crius' net debt of approximately $111 million.

Dynegy Merger Transaction

On the Merger Date, Vistra Energy and Dynegy completed the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Dynegy merged with and into Vistra Energy, with Vistra Energy continuing as the surviving corporation.

See Note 2 to the Financial Statements for a summary of the Merger transactionCrius Transaction and business combination accounting.

Acquisition, Development and Disposition of Generation Facilities

See Note 3 to the Financial Statements for a summary of our solar generation and battery energy storage projects. See Note 4 to the Financial Statements for a summary of our generation plant retirements in 2018.2019.


Dividend Program

In November 2018, Vistra Energywe announced that the Board had adopted a dividend program, pursuant to which Vistra Energy would initiate an annual dividend of approximately $0.50 per share, beginningwe initiated in the first quarter of 2019. In February 2019 and May 2019,See Note 13 to the Board declared quarterly dividends of $0.125 per share that were paid in March 2019 and June 2019, respectively.Financial Statements for more information about our dividend program.

Share Repurchase Program

In June 2018, we announced that the Board had authorized a share repurchase program under which up to $500 million of our outstanding common stock may be repurchased. Repurchases under this program were completed on October 19, 2018. On a cumulative basis, 21,421,925 shares of our common stock were repurchased for $500 million (including related feespurchased, and expenses) at an average price of $23.36 per share of common stock.

Inin November 2018, we announced that the Board had authorized an incremental share repurchase program under which up to $1.25$1.250 billion of our outstanding stock may be purchased. Through June 30, 2019, 30,173,420 shares of our common stock had been repurchased for $726 million (including related fees and expenses) atpurchased, resulting in an average price of $24.05 per share of common stock. At June 30, 2019, $524 million was available for additional repurchases under the program. On a cumulative basis through July 31, 2019, 33,569,321 shares of our common stock had been repurchased for $801 million (including related fees and expenses) at an average price of $23.86 per share of common stock. At July 31, 2019 $449 million was available for additional purchases under the program. We intend to implement the program opportunistically from time to time in 2019 and 2020.

Shares of the Company's common stock may be repurchased in open market transactions at prevailing market prices, in privately negotiated transactions or by other means in accordance with the Exchange Act, or by other means in accordance with federal securities laws. The actual timing, number and value of shares repurchased under theaggregate $1.750 billion share repurchase program will be determined at our discretion(Share Repurchase Program). See Note 13 to the Financial Statements for more information concerning the Share Repurchase Program, including shares repurchased and will depend on a numberremaining amounts available under the Share Repurchase Program.

49

Table of factors, including the market price of our stock, general market and economic conditions, applicable legal requirements and compliance with the terms of our debt agreements and the Tax Matters Agreement.Contents

Debt Activity

We have stated our objective is to reduce our consolidated net leverage from current levels to approximately 2.5x net debt/EBITDA.leverage. We also intend to continue to simplify and optimize our capital structure, maintain adequate liquidity and pursue opportunities to refinance our long-term debt to extend maturities and/or reduce ongoing interest expense. In the second quarter of 2019 and 2020, we completed several transactions, including the redemption and repayment of all previously outstanding senior notes issued by Parent, that we believe, in the aggregate, advanced all of these goals. While the premiums, fees and expenses that we paid in connection with these transactions resulted in an increase in our total debt as of June 30, 2019 relative to March 31, 2019, we expect the ongoing free cash flow savings will offset this increase over the next few years. See Note 11 to the Financial Statements for details of our long-term debt activity and Note 10 to the Financial Statements for details of the accounts receivable securitization program.

Issuance of Vistra Operations Senior Secured Notes — In June 2019, Vistra Operations issued and sold $2.0 billion aggregate principal amount of senior secured notes (Senior Secured Notes), consisting of $1.2 billion aggregate principal amount of 3.55% senior secured notes due 2024 at a price to the public of 99.807% of their face value and $800 million aggregate principal amount of 4.30% senior secured notes due 2029 at a price to the public of 99.784% of their face value in an offering to eligible purchasers under Rule 144A and Regulation S under the Securities Act (Senior Secured Notes Offering). Net proceeds from the Senior Secured Notes Offering totaling $1.976 billion, together with cash on hand, were used to prepay certain amounts outstanding and accrued interest (together with fees and expenses) under the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities' Term Loan B Facility described below.

The indenture governing the Senior Secured Notes (as may be amended or supplemented from time to time, the Senior Secured Indenture) provides for the full and unconditional guarantee by the Guarantor Subsidiaries of the punctual payment of the principal of, premium, if any, interest on and all other amounts due under the Senior Secured Notes and the Senior Secured Notes Indenture. The Senior Secured Indenture further provides that the Senior Secured Notes will be secured by a first-priority security interest in the same collateral that is pledged for the benefit of the lenders under the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities, which consists of a substantial portion of the property, assets and rights owned by Vistra Operations and the Guarantor Subsidiaries, as well as the stock of Vistra Operations, which is held by Vistra Intermediate. The collateral securing the Senior Secured Notes will be released if Vistra Operations' senior, unsecured long-term debt securities obtain an investment grade rating from two out of the three rating agencies, subject to reversion if such rating agencies withdraw the investment grade rating of the Issuer's senior, unsecured long-term debt securities or downgrade such rating below investment grade.


Issuance of Vistra Operations 5.00% Senior Notes Due 2027 — In June 2019, Vistra Operations issued and sold $1.3 billion aggregate principal amount of 5.00% senior unsecured notes due 2027 in an offering to eligible purchasers under Rule 144A and Regulation S under the Securities Act (the June 2019 Notes Offering). Net proceeds from the sale of senior notes totaling approximately $1.287 billion, together with cash on hand, were used to pay the purchase price and accrued interest (together with fees and expenses) required in connection with (i) the June 2019 Tender Offer described below and (ii) the redemption of approximately $306 million of our outstanding 7.375% senior unsecured notes due 2022 and approximately $87 million of our outstanding 7.625% senior unsecured notes due 2024 in July 2019.

June 2019 Tender Offer — In June 2019, Vistra Energy used the net proceeds from the June 2019 Notes Offering to fund a cash tender offer (the June 2019 Tender Offer) to purchase for cash $845 million aggregate principal amount of certain notes assumed in the Merger, including $173 million of 7.375% senior unsecured notes due 2022 and $672 million of 7.625% senior unsecured notes due 2024.

Repayment of Certain Term Loans Under the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities — In June 2019, Vistra Operations used the net proceeds from Senior Secured Notes Offering described above to repay $889 million under the Term Loan B-1 Facility, the entire amount outstanding of $977 million under the Term Loan B-2 Facility and $134 million under the Term Loan B-3 Facility.

2019 Amendments to Vistra Operations Credit Facilities — In March 2019 and May 2019, the Credit Facilities Agreement was amended whereby aggregate commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility were increased from $2.5 billion to $2.725 billion. The letter of credit sub-facility was also increased from $2.3 billion to $2.35 billion.

Issuance of Vistra Operations 5.625% Senior Notes Due 2027 — In February 2019, Vistra Operations issued and sold $1.3 billion aggregate principal amount of 5.625% senior unsecured notes due 2027 in an offering to eligible purchasers under Rule 144A and Regulation S under the Securities Act (the February 2019 Notes Offering). Net proceeds from the sale of the senior notes totaling approximately $1.287 billion, together with cash on hand, were used to pay the purchase price and accrued interest (together with fees and expenses) required in connection with (i) the February 2019 Tender Offer described below, (ii) the redemption of approximately $35 million aggregate principal amount of our 7.375% senior unsecured notes due 2022 and (iii) the redemption of the remaining approximately $25 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 8.034% senior unsecured notes due 2024.

February 2019 Tender Offer — In February 2019, Vistra Energy used the net proceeds from the February 2019 Notes Offering to fund a cash tender offer (the February 2019 Tender Offer) to purchase for cash approximately $1.193 billion aggregate principal amount of 7.375% senior unsecured notes due 2022 that we assumed in the Merger.

Bond Repurchase Program — In November 2018, the Board authorized a bond repurchase program under which up to $200 million principal amount of outstanding Vistra Energy senior unsecured notes could be repurchased. Through June 30, 2019, $119 million aggregate principal amount of senior unsecured notes had been repurchased under the program. No repurchases were made in the six months ended June 30, 2019.

In July 2019, the Board authorized up to $1.0 billion to repay or repurchase any outstanding debt of the Company or its subsidiaries, with this authority superseding the previously authorized bond repurchase program.

Accounts Receivable Securitization Program — In August 2018, TXU Energy Receivables Company LLC (RecCo), a wholly-owned subsidiary of TXU Energy, and Vistra Energy entered into an accounts receivable financing facility (Receivables Facility). In April 2019, the terms of the Receivable Facility were amended to include Dynegy Energy Services, and the Receivables Facility provided RecCo with the ability to borrow up to $450 million at June 30, 2019. In July 2019, the Receivables Facility was renewed through July 2020 with the ability to borrow up to $600 million until the settlement date in November 2019 (in order to align with the peak retail season), after which the program will revert to $450 million.

Issuance of Vistra Operations 5.500% Senior Notes Due 2026 — In August 2018, Vistra Operations issued and sold $1 billion aggregate principal amount of the 5.500% senior unsecured notes due 2026 in an offering to eligible purchasers under Rule 144A and Regulation S under the Securities Act (the 2018 Notes Offering). Net proceeds from the sale of the senior unsecured notes totaling approximately $990 million, together with cash on hand and cash received from the funding of the accounts receivable securitization program described above, were used to pay the purchase price and accrued interest (together with fees and expenses) required in connection with the 2018 Tender Offers described below.


2018 Tender Offers — In August 2018, Vistra Energy used the net proceeds from the 2018 Notes Offering, proceeds from the accounts receivable securitization program and cash on hand to fund cash tender offers to purchase for cash $1.542 billion of senior unsecured notes assumed in the Merger (the 2018 Tender Offers).

2018 Amendment to Vistra Operations Credit Facilities — In June 2018, the Credit Facilities Agreement was amended. Among other things, the amendment included the following updated terms:

Aggregate commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility were increased from $860 million to $2.5 billion. The letter of credit sub-facility was also increased from $715 million to $2.3 billion. The maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility was extended from August 4, 2021 to June 14, 2023. Pricing terms for the Revolving Credit Facility were reduced from LIBOR plus an applicable margin of 2.25% to LIBOR plus an applicable margin of 1.75%. Pricing terms for letters of credit issued under the Revolving Credit Facility were reduced from 2.25% to 1.75%.
Pricing terms for the Term Loan B-1 Facility were reduced from LIBOR plus an applicable margin of 2.50% to LIBOR plus an applicable margin of 2.00%.
Borrowings under the new Term Loan B-3 Facility of $2.050 billion principal amount were used to repay borrowings under the credit agreement that Vistra Energy assumed from Dynegy in connection with the Merger.
Borrowings under the Term Loan C Facility of $500 million were repaid using $500 million of cash from collateral accounts used to backstop letters of credit.

Redemption of Debt — In May 2018, $850 million aggregate principal amount of outstanding 6.75% Senior Notes due 2019 was redeemed at a redemption price of 101.688% of the aggregate principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to but not including the date of redemption.

Power Price, Natural Gas Price and Market Heat Rate Exposure

Taking together forward wholesale, retail electricity sales and other retail customer considerations and all otherEstimated hedging positionslevels for generation volumes in ERCOT, at June 30, 2019, we had effectively hedged an estimated 98% and 100% of the natural gas price exposure related to our overall ERCOT business for 2019 and 2020, respectively. These percentages assume conversion of generation positions based on market heat rates and an estimate of natural gas generally being on the margin 70% to 90% of the time in the ERCOT market. Additionally, taking into consideration our overall heat rate exposure and related hedging positions in ERCOT at June 30, 2019, we had effectively hedged 95% and 70% of the heat rate exposure to our overall business for 2019 and 2020, respectively. We make the distinction between natural gas price exposure and heat rate exposure for the ERCOT market because of the high percentage of time natural gas is on the margin and the availability of traded products in ERCOT to hedge heat rate directly. Generation volumes hedged in PJM, NYISO, ISO-NE, MISO and CAISO at June 30, 20192020 were as follows:
20202021
Nuclear/Renewable/Coal Generation:
ERCOT100 %83 %
PJM100 %97 %
MISO100 %80 %
Gas Generation:
ERCOT100 %53 %
PJM99 %51 %
NYISO/ISO-NE95 %83 %
CAISO100 %80 %
 2019 2020
PJM93% 78%
NYISO/ISO-NE100% 53%
MISO/CAISO79% 55%


The following sensitivity table provides approximate estimates of the potential impact of movements in natural gaspower prices and marketspark spreads (the difference between the power revenue and fuel expense of natural gas-fired generation as calculated using an assumed heat ratesrate of 7.2 MMBtu/MWh) on realized pretax earnings (in millions) taking into account the hedge positions noted in the paragraph above for the periods presented. The residual gas position is calculated based on two steps: first, calculating the difference between actual heat rates of our natural gas generation units and the assumed 7.2 heat rate used to calculate the sensitivity to spark spreads; and second, calculating the residual natural gas exposure that is not already included in the gas generation spark spread sensitivity shown in the table below. The estimates related to price sensitivity are based on our expected generation, and retail positions, related hedges and forward prices as of June 30, 2019.2020.
Balance 2020 (a)2021
ERCOT:
Nuclear/Renewable/Coal Generation: $2.50/MWh increase in power price$ $22  
Nuclear/Renewable/Coal Generation: $2.50/MWh decrease in power price$—  $(18) 
Gas Generation: $1.00/MWh increase in spark spread$ $20  
Gas Generation: $1.00/MWh decrease in spark spread$—  $(17) 
Residual Natural Gas Position: $0.25/MMBtu increase in natural gas price$ $(27) 
Residual Natural Gas Position: $0.25/MMBtu decrease in natural gas price$(3) $15  
PJM:
Coal Generation: $2.50/MWh increase in power price$ $ 
Coal Generation: $2.50/MWh decrease in power price$—  $—  
Gas Generation: $1.00/MWh increase in spark spread$ $16  
Gas Generation: $1.00/MWh decrease in spark spread$—  $(14) 
Residual Natural Gas Position: $0.25/MMBtu increase in natural gas price$—  $(1) 
Residual Natural Gas Position: $0.25/MMBtu decrease in natural gas price$—  $ 
NYISO/ISO-NE:
Gas Generation: $1.00/MWh increase in spark spread$ $ 
Gas Generation: $1.00/MWh decrease in spark spread$—  $(1) 
Residual Natural Gas Position: $0.25/MMBtu increase in natural gas price$ $—  
Residual Natural Gas Position: $0.25/MMBtu decrease in natural gas price$(1) $—  
50

Balance 2019 (a)2020
ERCOT:
$0.50/MMBtu increase in natural gas price (b)$ ~20$ ~50
$0.50/MMBtu decrease in natural gas price (b)$ ~(15)$ ~(40)
1.0/MMBtu/MWh increase in market heat rate (c)$ ~15$ ~95
1.0/MMBtu/MWh decrease in market heat rate (c)$ ~(15)$ ~(85)
PJM:
$0.50/MMBtu increase in natural gas price (d)$ ~20$ ~55
$0.50/MMBtu decrease in natural gas price (d)$ ~(15)$ ~(40)
1.0/MMBtu/MWh increase in market heat rate (e)$ ~10$ ~50
1.0/MMBtu/MWh decrease in market heat rate (e)$ ~(10)$ ~(35)
NYISO/ISO-NE:
$0.50/MMBtu increase in natural gas price (d)$ ~5$ ~45
$0.50/MMBtu decrease in natural gas price (d)$ ~—$ ~(35)
1.0/MMBtu/MWh increase in market heat rate (f)$ ~5$ ~45
1.0/MMBtu/MWh decrease in market heat rate (f)$ ~—$ ~(30)
MISO/CAISO:
$0.50/MMBtu increase in natural gas price (d)$ ~30$ ~100
$0.50/MMBtu decrease in natural gas price (d)$ ~(15)$ ~(80)
1.0/MMBtu/MWh increase in market heat rate (g)$ ~10$ ~50
1.0/MMBtu/MWh decrease in market heat rate (g)$ ~(10)$ ~(40)
Balance 2020 (a)2021
MISO/CAISO:
Coal Generation: $2.50/MWh increase in power price$ $10  
Coal Generation: $2.50/MWh decrease in power price$—  $(6) 
Gas Generation: $1.00/MWh increase in spark spread$—  $ 
Gas Generation: $1.00/MWh decrease in spark spread$—  $(1) 
Residual Natural Gas Position: $0.25/MMBtu increase in natural gas price$—  $ 
Residual Natural Gas Position: $0.25/MMBtu decrease in natural gas price$—  $(2) 
___________
(a)Balance of 2019 is from August 1, 2019 through December 31, 2019.
(b)Based on Houston Ship Channel natural gas prices at June 30, 2019.
(c)Based on ERCOT North Hub around-the-clock heat rates at June 30, 2019.
(d)Based on NYMEX natural gas prices at June 30, 2019.
(e)Based on AEP Dayton Hub, Northern Illinois Hub and PJM West Hub around-the-clock heat rates at June 30, 2019.
(f)Based on Massachusetts Hub and NYISO Zone C around-the-clock heat rates at June 30, 2019.
(g)Based on Indiana Hub and NP15 around-the-clock heat rates at June 30, 2019.

(a)Balance of 2020 is from July 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020.
Environmental Matters
51


RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Consolidated Financial Results — Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 20192020 Compared to Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 20182019
Three Months Ended June 30,Favorable (Unfavorable)
$ Change
Six Months Ended June 30,Favorable (Unfavorable)
$ Change
2020201920202019
Operating revenues$2,509  $2,832  $(323) $5,367  $5,755  $(388) 
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees(1,029) (1,139) 110  (2,362) (2,600) 238  
Operating costs(412) (370) (42) (792) (755) (37) 
Depreciation and amortization(455) (384) (71) (875) (790) (85) 
Selling, general and administrative expenses(236) (210) (26) (488) (392) (96) 
Impairment of long-lived assets—  —  —  (84) —  (84) 
Operating income377  729  (352) 766  1,218  (452) 
Other income 13  (8) 12  39  (27) 
Other deductions(4) (2) (2) (35) (5) (30) 
Interest expense and related charges(141) (274) 133  (440) (495) 55  
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement(6) 33  (39) (14) 36  (50) 
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated investment  (2)  10  (6) 
Income before income taxes232  502  (270) 293  803  (510) 
Income tax expense(68) (148) 80  (84) (225) 141  
Net income$164  $354  $(190) $209  $578  $(369) 


Three Months Ended June 30, 2020
RetailERCOTPJMNY/NEMISOAsset
Closure
Eliminations / Corporate and OtherVistra
Consolidated
Operating revenues$1,956  $865  $412  $131  $121  $—  $(976) $2,509  
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees(1,468) (223) (204) (58) (85) —  1,009  (1,029) 
Operating costs(28) (196) (94) (31) (45) (9) (9) (412) 
Depreciation and amortization(82) (130) (165) (48) (9) —  (21) (455) 
Selling, general and administrative expenses(146) (20) (15) (12) (14) (5) (24) (236) 
Operating income (loss)232  296  (66) (18) (32) (14) (21) 377  
Other income—    —   —  —   
Other deductions—  (2) (1) —  —  —  (1) (4) 
Interest expense and related charges(3)  (1) —  (1) —  (138) (141) 
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement—  —  —  —  —  —  (6) (6) 
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated investment—  —   —  —  —  —   
Income (loss) before income taxes229  299  (66) (18) (32) (14) (166) 232  
Income tax expense—  —  —  —  —  —  (68) (68) 
Net income (loss)$229  $299  $(66) $(18) $(32) $(14) $(234) $164  

52

 Three Months Ended June 30, 
Favorable (Unfavorable)
$ Change
 Six Months Ended June 30, 
Favorable (Unfavorable)
$ Change
 2019 2018  2019 2018 
Operating revenues$2,832
 $2,574
 $258
 $5,755
 $3,338
 $2,417
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees(1,139) (1,216) 77
 (2,600) (1,866) (734)
Operating costs(370) (386) 16
 (755) (580) (175)
Depreciation and amortization(384) (389) 5
 (790) (542) (248)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(210) (352) 142
 (392) (514) 122
Operating income (loss)729
 231
 498
 1,218
 (164) 1,382
Other income13
 7
 6
 39
 18
 21
Other deductions(2) (1) (1) (5) (3) (2)
Interest expense and related charges(274) (146) (128) (495) (137) (358)
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement33
 (64) 97
 36
 (82) 118
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated investment3
 4
 (1) 10
 4
 6
Income (loss) before income taxes502
 31
 471
 803
 (364) 1,167
Income tax (expense) benefit(148) 74
 (222) (225) 163
 (388)
Net income (loss)$354
 $105
 $249
 $578
 $(201) $779

 Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
 Retail ERCOT PJM NY/NE MISO 
Asset
Closure
 Eliminations / Corporate and Other 
Vistra
Energy Consolidated
Operating revenues$1,421
 $1,671
 $686
 $254
 $246
 $
 $(1,446) $2,832
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees(1,828) (299) (265) (100) (120) 
 1,473
 (1,139)
Operating costs(11) (174) (86) (25) (54) (12) (8) (370)
Depreciation and amortization(59) (128) (134) (39) (3) 
 (21) (384)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(104) (23) (16) (12) (34) (4) (17) (210)
Operating income (loss)(581) 1,047
 185
 78
 35
 (16) (19) 729
Other income
 8
 
 
 2
 1
 2
 13
Other deductions
 (2) 
 
 
 
 
 (2)
Interest expense and related charges(4) 3
 (3) (1) (2) 
 (267) (274)
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement
 
 
 
 
 
 33
 33
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated investment
 
 1
 2
 
 
 
 3
Income (loss) before income taxes(585) 1,056
 183
 79
 35
 (15) (251) 502
Income tax expense
 
 
 
 
 
 (148) (148)
Net income (loss)$(585) $1,056
 $183
 $79
 $35
 $(15) $(399) $354

Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
RetailERCOTPJMNY/NEMISOAsset
Closure
Eliminations / Corporate and OtherVistra
Consolidated
Operating revenues$1,421  $1,671  $686  $254  $188  $58  $(1,446) $2,832  
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees(1,828) (299) (265) (100) (78) (42) 1,473  (1,139) 
Operating costs(11) (174) (86) (25) (34) (32) (8) (370) 
Depreciation and amortization(59) (128) (134) (39) (3) —  (21) (384) 
Selling, general and administrative expenses(104) (23) (16) (12) (27) (11) (17) (210) 
Operating income (loss)(581) 1,047  185  78  46  (27) (19) 729  
Other income—   —  —     13  
Other deductions—  (2) —  —  —  —  —  (2) 
Interest expense and related charges(4)  (3) (1) (2) —  (267) (274) 
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement—  —  —  —  —  —  33  33  
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated investment—  —    —  —  —   
Income (loss) before income taxes(585) 1,056  183  79  46  (26) (251) 502  
Income tax expense—  —  —  —  —  —  (148) (148) 
Net income (loss)$(585) $1,056  $183  $79  $46  $(26) $(399) $354  


 Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
 Retail ERCOT PJM NY/NE MISO 
Asset
Closure
 Eliminations / Corporate and Other 
Vistra
Energy Consolidated
Operating revenues$1,454
 $1,327
 $485
 $187
 $257
 $21
 $(1,157) $2,574
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees(1,566) (337) (239) (108) (133) (10) 1,177
 (1,216)
Operating costs(9) (182) (82) (25) (76) (6) (6) (386)
Depreciation and amortization(80) (108) (125) (49) (3) 
 (24) (389)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(102) (20) (15) (12) (14) (4) (185) (352)
Operating income (loss)(303) 680
 24
 (7) 31
 1
 (195) 231
Other income15
 8
 
 
 
 1
 (17) 7
Other deductions
 (2) 
 
 
 
 1
 (1)
Interest expense and related charges
 (7) (2) (1) 
 
 (136) (146)
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement
 
 
 
 
 
 (64) (64)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated investment
 
 1
 3
 
 
 
 4
Income before income taxes(288) 679
 23
 (5) 31
 2
 (411) 31
Income tax benefit
 
 
 
 
 
 74
 74
Net income (loss)$(288) $679
 $23
 $(5) $31
 $2
 $(337) $105

InOur operating segments delivered strong operating performance with a disciplined focus on cost management, while generating and selling essential electricity in a safe and reliable manner during a period of significant economic disruption. Our performance reflected the second quarterstability of 2019, we continued with our balanced capital allocation program, refinancing approximately $2.9 billion of debt, which lowered interest rates and extended maturities, and returning approximately $212 million to stockholders through share repurchases. Our integrated energy company produced results during the quarter as expected, with our retail segment delivering strong margins during the period while our largely hedged, in-the-moneymodel, including a diversified generation fleet, operated safelyretail and reliably. commercial and hedging activities in support of our integrated business, to produce results in line with expectations and significant cash from operations despite general uncertainty in the overall economy.

Consolidated results increased $249decreased $190 million to net income of $354$164 million in the three months ended June 30, 20192020 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018.2019. The change in results wasis driven by an $80a $519 million increasedecrease in unrealized net income(gains) losses on hedging transactions.

For the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, operating costs increased $42 million to $412 million primarily driven by increased LTSA costs and incremental expense related to our COVID-19 response.

For the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, selling, general and administrative expense increased by $26 million, primarily due to the increased expense resulting from the acquisition of Crius in our ERCOTJuly 2019 and Retail segments (including $46 millionAmbit in increased unrealized gains in those segments) and $248 million increase in PJM, NY/NE, and MISO segments, partially offset by increases in interest expense and tax expense.November 2019.

Interest expense and related charges increased $128decreased $133 million to $274$141 million in the three months ended June 30, 20192020 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018 and reflected2019 driven by a $144$101 million increasedecrease in unrealized mark-to-market losses on interest rate swaps partially offset byand a $12$33 million decrease in interest paid/accrued reflecting repaymentsthe reduction in higher interest Vistra senior unsecured notes through the Redemptions and repurchases of long-term debt.Tender Offers in 2019 and 2020. See Note 1918 to the Financial Statements.

For the three months ended June 30, 2019, the Impacts of the Tax Receivable Agreement totaled income of $33 million2020 and reflected a gain due to the decrease in forecasted taxable income over the projected life of the TRA of $48 million, partially offset by accretion expense of $15 million. For the three months ended June 30, 2018,2019, the Impacts of the Tax Receivable Agreement totaled expense of $64$6 million and reflected a loss due to changes in the timingincome of estimated payments and new multistate tax impacts resulting from the Merger of $46$33 million, and accretion expense of $18 million.respectively. See Note 8 to the Financial Statements for discussion of the impacts of the Tax Receivable Agreement Obligation.

For the three months ended June 30, 2020, income tax expense totaled $68 million and the effective tax rate was 29.3%. For the three months ended June 30, 2019, income tax expense totaled $148 million and the effective tax rate was 29.5%. For the three months ended June 30, 2018, income tax benefit totaled $74 million and the effective tax rate was (238.7)%. See Note 7 to the Financial Statements for reconciliation of the effective rates to the U.S. federal statutory rate.

53

 Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
 Retail ERCOT PJM NY/NE MISO 
Asset
Closure
 Eliminations / Corporate and Other 
Vistra
Energy Consolidated
Operating revenues$2,806
 $2,625
 $1,391
 $599
 $500
 $
 $(2,166) $5,755
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees(3,024) (633) (581) (329) (272) 
 2,239
 (2,600)
Operating costs(22) (359) (169) (50) (118) (21) (16) (755)
Depreciation and amortization(118) (259) (265) (104) (7) 
 (37) (790)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(205) (39) (28) (22) (57) (9) (32) (392)
Operating income (loss)(563) 1,335
 348
 94
 46
 (30) (12) 1,218
Other income
 20
 
 
 3
 1
 15
 39
Other deductions
 (4) 
 
 
 
 (1) (5)
Interest expense and related charges(8) 5
 (5) (1) (3) 
 (483) (495)
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement
 
 
 
 
 
 36
 36
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated investment
 
 3
 7
 
 
 
 10
Income (loss) before income taxes(571) 1,356
 346
 100
 46
 (29) (445) 803
Income tax expense
 
 
 
 
 
 (225) (225)
Net income (loss)$(571) $1,356
 $346
 $100
 $46
 $(29) $(670) $578

Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
RetailERCOTPJMNY/NEMISOAsset
Closure
Eliminations / Corporate and OtherVistra
Consolidated
Operating revenues$3,864  $1,731  $1,060  $417  $263  $—  $(1,968) $5,367  
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees(3,014) (494) (481) (231) (159) —  2,017  (2,362) 
Operating costs(58) (393) (167) (54) (88) (18) (14) (792) 
Depreciation and amortization(162) (253) (303) (97) (20) —  (40) (875) 
Selling, general and administrative expenses(301) (39) (41) (25) (26) (12) (44) (488) 
Impairment of long-lived assets—  —  —  —  (84) —  —  (84) 
Operating income (loss)329  552  68  10  (114) (30) (49) 766  
Other income—   —      12  
Other deductions—  (3) (14) (15) —  (2) (1) (35) 
Interest expense and related charges(6)  (3) (1) (1) —  (433) (440) 
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement—  —  —  —  —  —  (14) (14) 
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated investment—  —    —  —  —   
Income (loss) before income taxes323  557  53  (3) (111) (31) (495) 293  
Income tax expense—  —  —  —  —  —  (84) (84) 
Net income (loss)$323  $557  $53  $(3) $(111) $(31) $(579) $209  


Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
RetailERCOTPJMNY/NEMISOAsset
Closure
Eliminations / Corporate and OtherVistra
Consolidated
Operating revenues$2,806  $2,625  $1,391  $599  $357  $143  $(2,166) $5,755  
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees(3,024) (633) (581) (329) (171) (101) 2,239  (2,600) 
Operating costs(22) (359) (169) (50) (68) (71) (16) (755) 
Depreciation and amortization(118) (259) (265) (104) (7) —  (37) (790) 
Selling, general and administrative expenses(205) (39) (28) (22) (44) (22) (32) (392) 
Operating income (loss)(563) 1,335  348  94  67  (51) (12) 1,218  
Other income—  20  —  —    15  39  
Other deductions—  (4) —  —  —  —  (1) (5) 
Interest expense and related charges(8)  (5) (1) (3) —  (483) (495) 
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement—  —  —  —  —  —  36  36  
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated investment—  —    —  —  —  10  
Income (loss) before income taxes(571) 1,356  346  100  67  (50) (445) 803  
Income tax benefit—  —  —  —  —  —  (225) (225) 
Net income (loss)$(571) $1,356  $346  $100  $67  $(50) $(670) $578  

54

 Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
 Retail ERCOT PJM NY/NE MISO 
Asset
Closure
 Eliminations / Corporate and Other 
Vistra
Energy Consolidated
Operating revenues$2,426
 $794
 $485
 $187
 $257
 $49
 $(860) $3,338
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees(1,601) (627) (239) (108) (133) (36) 878
 (1,866)
Operating costs(13) (347) (82) (25) (76) (30) (7) (580)
Depreciation and amortization(157) (173) (125) (49) (3) 
 (35) (542)
Selling, general and administrative expenses(200) (56) (15) (12) (14) (5) (212) (514)
Operating income (loss)455
 (409) 24
 (7) 31
 (22) (236) (164)
Other income29
 20
 
 
 
 2
 (33) 18
Other deductions
 (3) 
 
 
 
 
 (3)
Interest expense and related charges(1) (15) (2) (1) 
 
 (118) (137)
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement
 
 
 
 
 
 (82) (82)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated investment
 
 1
 3
 
 
 
 4
Income (loss) before income taxes483
 (407) 23
 (5) 31
 (20) (469) (364)
Income tax benefit
 
 
 
 
 
 163
 163
Net income (loss)$483
 $(407) $23
 $(5) $31
 $(20) $(306) $(201)


In the six months ended June 30, 2019, we refinanced approximately $4.2 billion of debt and returned approximately $726 million to stockholders through share repurchases. Our operating segments delivered strong operating performance with a disciplined focus on cost management, while generating and selling essential electricity in a safe and reliable manner. manner during a period of significant economic disruption. Our performance reflected the stability of our integrated model, including a diversified generation fleet, retail and commercial and hedging activities in support of our integrated business, to produce results in line with expectations and significant cash from operations of $1.309 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2020 despite general uncertainty in the overall economy.

Consolidated results increased $779decreased $369 million to net income of $578$209 million in the six months ended June 30, 20192020 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018.2019. The change in results wasis driven by a $709$580 million increasedecrease in net income in our ERCOT and Retail segments (including $547 million in increased unrealized gains on hedging transactions, an $84 million impairment of assets related to our Joppa/EEI coal plant and a $29 million loss on disposal of our equity method investment in those segments)Northeast Energy, LP (NELP). See Note 18 to the Financial Statements.

For the six months ended June 30, 2020 and $4432019, operating costs increased $37 million in net income added into $792 million primarily driven by increased LTSA costs and incremental expense related to our PJM, NY/NECOVID-19 response.

For the six months ended June 30, 2020 and MISO segments2019, selling, general and administrative expense increased by $96 million, primarily due to the Merger, partially offset by increasesincreased expense resulting from the acquisition of Crius in interest expenseJuly 2019 and tax expense.Ambit in November 2019 and a nonrecurring charge of approximately $10 million related to gross receipts taxes.

Interest expense and related charges increased $358decreased $55 million to $495$440 million in the six months ended June 30, 20192020 compared to the six months ended June 30, 20182019 driven by a $56 million decrease in interest paid/accrued reflecting the reduction in higher interest Vistra senior unsecured notes through the Redemptions and reflectedTender Offers in 2019 and 2020 and a $285$7 million increasedecrease in unrealized mark-to-market losses on interest rate swaps and an $89 million increase in interest paid/accrued reflecting long-term debt assumed in the Merger, partially offset by debt extinguishment gains of $10 million in 2019.swaps. See Note 1918 to the Financial Statements.

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Impacts of the Tax Receivable Agreement totaled income of $36 million2020 and reflected a gain due to adjustments to forecasted taxable income and higher net operating losses acquired in the Merger of $67 million, partially offset by accretion expense of $31 million. For the six months ended June 30, 2018,2019, the Impacts of the Tax Receivable Agreement totaled expense of $82$14 million and reflected a loss due to changes in the timing of estimated payments and new multistate tax impacts resulting from the Merger of $46 million and accretion expenseincome of $36 million.million, respectively. See Note 8 to the Financial Statements for discussion of the impacts of the Tax Receivable Agreement Obligation.

For the six months ended June 30, 2020, income tax expense totaled $84 million and the effective tax rate was 28.7%. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, income tax expense totaled $225 million and the effective tax rate was 28.0%. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, income tax benefit totaled $163 million and the effective tax rate was 44.8%. See Note 7 to the Financial Statements for reconciliation of the effective rates to the U.S. federal statutory rate.

Discussion of Adjusted EBITDA

Non-GAAP Measures In analyzing and planning for our business, we supplement our use of GAAP financial measures with non-GAAP financial measures, including EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA as performance measures. These non-GAAP financial measures reflect an additional way of viewing aspects of our business that, when viewed with our GAAP results and the accompanying reconciliations to corresponding GAAP financial measures included in the tables below, may provide a more complete understanding of factors and trends affecting our business. These non-GAAP financial measures should not be relied upon to the exclusion of GAAP financial measures and are, by definition, an incomplete understanding of Vistra Energy and must be considered in conjunction with GAAP measures. In addition, non-GAAP financial measures are not standardized; therefore, it may not be possible to compare these financial measures with other companies' non-GAAP financial measures having the same or similar names. We strongly encourage investors to review our consolidated financial statements and publicly filed reports in their entirety and not rely on any single financial measure.

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA We believe EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA provide meaningful representations of our operating performance. We consider EBITDA as another way to measure financial performance on an ongoing basis. Adjusted EBITDA is meant to reflect the operating performance of our segments for the period presented. We define EBITDA as earnings (loss) before interest expense, income tax expense (benefit) and depreciation and amortization expense. We define Adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA adjusted to exclude (i) gains or losses on the sale or retirement of certain assets, (ii) the impacts of mark-to-market changes on derivatives, related to our portfolio, (iii) the impact of impairment charges, (iv) certain amounts associated with fresh-start reporting, acquisitions, dispositions, transition costs or restructurings, (v) non-cash compensation expense, (vi) impacts from the Tax Receivable Agreement and (vii) other material nonrecurring or unusual items.

Because EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are financial measures that management uses to allocate resources, determine our ability to fund capital expenditures, assess performance against our peers, and evaluate overall financial performance, we believe they provide useful information for our shareholders.investors.

55

When EBITDA or Adjusted EBITDA is discussed in reference to performance on a consolidated basis, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA is Net income (loss).


Adjusted EBITDA — Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 20192020 Compared to Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 20182019
Three Months Ended June 30,Favorable (Unfavorable)
$ Change
Six Months Ended June 30,Favorable (Unfavorable)
$ Change
2020201920202019
Net income$164  $354  $(190) $209  $578  $(369) 
Income tax expense68  148  (80) 84  225  (141) 
Interest expense and related charges (a)141  274  (133) 440  495  (55) 
Depreciation and amortization (b)472  399  73  912  824  88  
EBITDA before Adjustments845  1,175  (330) 1,645  2,122  (477) 
Unrealized net (gain) loss resulting from hedging transactions (517) 519  (123) (703) 580  
Fresh start/purchase accounting impacts30  20  10  34  33   
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement (33) 39  14  (36) 50  
Non-cash compensation expenses17  11   30  24   
Transition and merger expenses—  27  (27) 19  44  (25) 
Impairment of long-lived assets—  —  —  84  —  84  
Loss on disposal of investment in NELP —   29  —  29  
COVID-19-related expenses (c)12  —  12  14  —  14  
Other, net  (6)  10  (7) 
Adjusted EBITDA$916  $692  $224  $1,749  $1,494  $255  
____________
(a)Includes unrealized mark-to-market net losses on interest rate swaps of $18 million and $119 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $192 million and $199 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
(b)Includes nuclear fuel amortization in the ERCOT segment of $17 million and $15 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $37 million and $34 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
(c)Includes material and supplies and other incremental costs related to our COVID-19 response.

56

 Three Months Ended June 30, 
Favorable (Unfavorable)
$ Change
 Six Months Ended June 30, 
Favorable (Unfavorable)
$ Change
 2019 2018  2019 2018 
Net income (loss)$354
 $105
 $249
 $578
 $(201) $779
Income tax expense (benefit)148
 (74) 222
 225
 (163) 388
Interest expense and related charges274
 146
 128
 495
 137
 358
Depreciation and amortization (a)399
 409
 (10) 824
 582
 242
EBITDA before Adjustments1,175
 586
 589
 2,122
 355
 1,767
Unrealized net (gain) loss resulting from hedging transactions(517) (216) (301) (703) 199
 (902)
Fresh start/purchase accounting impacts20
 25
 (5) 33
 35
 (2)
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement(33) 64
 (97) (36) 82
 (118)
Non-cash compensation expenses11
 42
 (31) 24
 48
 (24)
Transition and merger expenses27
 156
 (129) 44
 184
 (140)
Other, net9
 1
 8
 10
 (4) 14
Adjusted EBITDA$692
 $658
 $34
 $1,494
 $899
 $595

Three Months Ended June 30, 2020
RetailERCOTPJMNY/NEMISOAsset
Closure
Eliminations / Corporate and OtherVistra
Consolidated
Net income (loss)$229  $299  $(66) $(18) $(32) $(14) $(234) $164  
Income tax expense—  —  —  —  —  —  68  68  
Interest expense and related charges (a) (2)  —   —  138  141  
Depreciation and amortization (b)82  147  165  48   —  21  472  
EBITDA before Adjustments314  444  100  30  (22) (14) (7) 845  
Unrealized net (gain) loss resulting from hedging transactions81  (190) 67  33  14  —  (3)  
Fresh start/purchase accounting impacts (2) 12    —  —  30  
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement—  —  —  —  —  —    
Non-cash compensation expenses—  —  —  —  —  —  17  17  
Transition and merger expenses (4) —  —  —  —   —  
Loss on disposal of investment in NELP—  —   —  —  —  —   
COVID-19-related expenses (c)—    —   —  —  12  
Other, net—       (6)  
Adjusted EBITDA$401  $260  $183  $72  $ $(13) $10  $916  
____________
(a)
(a)Includes $18 million of unrealized mark-to-market net losses on interest rate swaps.
(b)Includes nuclear fuel amortization of $17 million in ERCOT segment.
(c)Includes material and supplies and other incremental costs related to our COVID-19 response.


Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
RetailERCOTPJMNY/NEMISOAsset
Closure
Eliminations / Corporate and OtherVistra
Consolidated
Net income (loss)$(585) $1,056  $183  $79  $46  $(26) $(399) $354  
Income tax expense—  —  —  148  148  
Interest expense and related charges (a) (3)    —  267  274  
Depreciation and amortization (b)59  143  134  39   —  21  399  
EBITDA before Adjustments(522) 1,196  320  119  51  (26) 37  1,175  
Unrealized net (gain) loss resulting from hedging transactions797  (1,047) (163) (32) (65) —  (7) (517) 
Fresh start/purchase accounting impacts15  (1)     (1) 20  
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement—  —  —  —  —  —  (33) (33) 
Non-cash compensation expenses—  —  —  —  —  —  11  11  
Transition and merger expenses—     17  —   27  
Other, net     —  (11)  
Adjusted EBITDA$293  $156  $167  $91  $11  $(25) $(1) $692  
____________
(a)Includes $119 million of unrealized mark-to-market net losses on interest rate swaps.
(b)Includes nuclear fuel amortization in the ERCOT segment of $15 million in ERCOT segment.

57


Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
RetailERCOTPJMNY/NEMISOAsset
Closure
Eliminations / Corporate and OtherVistra
Consolidated
Net income (loss)$323  $557  $53  $(3) $(111) $(31) $(579) $209  
Income tax expense—  —  —  —  —  —  84  84  
Interest expense and related charges (a) (4)    —  433  440  
Depreciation and amortization (b)162  290  303  97  20  —  40  912  
EBITDA before Adjustments491  843  359  95  (90) (31) (22) 1,645  
Unrealized net (gain) loss resulting from hedging transactions202  (371)  12  24  —   (123) 
Fresh start/purchase accounting impacts (5) 14   10  —  —  34  
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement—  —  —  —  —  —  14  14  
Non-cash compensation expenses—  —  —  —  —  —  30  30  
Transition and merger expenses (2)  —  —  —   19  
Impairment of long-lived assets—  —  —  —  84  —  —  84  
Loss on disposal of investment in NELP—  —  14  15  —  —  —  29  
COVID-19-related expenses (c)—      —   14  
Other, net      (14)  
Adjusted EBITDA$712  $477  $401  $132  $31  $(30) $26  $1,749  
____________
(a)Includes $192 million of unrealized mark-to-market net losses on interest rate swaps.
(b)Includes nuclear fuel amortization of $37 million in ERCOT segment.
(c)Includes material and supplies and other incremental costs related to our COVID-19 response.


Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
RetailERCOTPJMNY/NEMISOAsset
Closure
Eliminations / Corporate and OtherVistra
Consolidated
Net income (loss)$(571) $1,356  $346  $100  $67  $(50) $(670) $578  
Income tax expense—  —  —  —  —  —  225  225  
Interest expense and related charges (a) (5)    —  483  495  
Depreciation and amortization (b)118  293  265  104   —  37  824  
EBITDA before Adjustments(445) 1,644  616  205  77  (50) 75  2,122  
Unrealized net (gain) loss resulting from hedging transactions961  (1,298) (255) (38) (50) —  (23) (703) 
Fresh start/purchase accounting impacts29  —  (5)    (2) 33  
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement—  —  —  —  —  —  (36) (36) 
Non-cash compensation expenses—  —  —  —  —  —  24  24  
Transition and merger expenses—     24  —   44  
Other, net    10   (28) 10  
Adjusted EBITDA$550  $360  $368  $177  $67  $(47) $19  $1,494  
____________
(a)Includes $199 million of unrealized mark-to-market net losses on interest rate swaps.
(b)Includes nuclear fuel amortization of $34 million in ERCOT segment.

58

Retail Segment Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 Compared to Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2019

Three Months Ended June 30,Favorable (Unfavorable)
Change
Six Months Ended June 30,Favorable (Unfavorable)
Change
2020201920202019
Operating revenues:
Revenues in ERCOT$1,426  $1,110  $316  $2,697  $2,157  $540  
Revenues in Northeast/Midwest540  315  225  1,180  663  517  
Amortization expense(5) (10)  (8) (19) 11  
Other revenues(5)  (11) (5)  (10) 
Total operating revenues1,956  1,421  535  3,864  2,806  1,058  
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees:
Purchases from affiliates(948) (689) (259) (1,902) (1,360) (542) 
Unrealized net gains (losses) on hedging activities with affiliates(76) (803) 727  (195) (968) 773  
Unrealized net gains (losses) on hedging activities—  —  —  (2)  (4) 
Delivery fees(448) (346) (102) (877) (694) (183) 
Other costs (a) 10  (6) (38) (4) (34) 
Total fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees(1,468) (1,828) 360  (3,014) (3,024) 10  
Net income (loss)$229  $(585) $814  $323  $(571) $894  
Adjusted EBITDA$401  $293  $108  $712  $550  $162  
Retail sales volumes (GWh):
Retail electricity sales volumes:
Sales volumes in ERCOT13,184  10,693  2,491  24,974  20,476  4,498  
Sales volumes in Northeast/Midwest8,320  6,012  2,308  17,537  12,563  4,974  
Total retail electricity sales volumes21,504  16,705  4,799  42,511  33,039  9,472  
Weather (North Texas average) - percent of normal (b):
Cooling degree days93.0 %81.0 %95.0 %79.0 %
Heating degree days153.0 %107.0 %88.0 %111.0 %
____________
(a)For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, includes third-party fuel and power purchases of ($5) million and $37 million, respectively.
(b)Weather data is obtained from Weatherbank, Inc. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, normal is defined as the average over the 10-year period from June 2010 to June 2019. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, normal is defined as the average over the 10-year period from June 2009 to June 2018.

59

Net income increased by $814 million to $229 million and $20 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $34 million and $40 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

 Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
 Retail ERCOT PJM NY/NE MISO 
Asset
Closure
 Eliminations / Corporate and Other 
Vistra
Energy Consolidated
Net income (loss)$(585)
$1,056

$183

$79

$35
 $(15) $(399) $354
Income tax expense








 
 148
 148
Interest expense and related charges4

(3)
3

1

2
 
 267
 274
Depreciation and amortization (a)59

143

134

39

3
 
 21
 399
EBITDA before Adjustments(522)
1,196

320

119

40
 (15) 37
 1,175
Unrealized net (gain) loss resulting from hedging transactions797

(1,047)
(163)
(32)
(65) 
 (7) (517)
Fresh start/purchase accounting impacts15

(1)
2

1

4
 
 (1) 20
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement








 
 (33) (33)
Non-cash compensation expenses








 
 11
 11
Transition and merger expenses

5

1

1

17
 
 3
 27
Other, net3

3

7

2

5
 
 (11) 9
Adjusted EBITDA$293

$156

$167

$91

$1
 $(15) $(1) $692
___________
(a)Includes nuclear fuel amortization of $15 million in ERCOT segment.


 Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
 Retail ERCOT PJM NY/NE MISO 
Asset
Closure
 Eliminations / Corporate and Other 
Vistra
Energy Consolidated
Net income (loss)$(288) $679
 $23
 $(5) $31
 $2
 $(337) $105
Income tax benefit
 
 
 
 
 
 (74) (74)
Interest expense and related charges
 7
 2
 1
 
 
 136
 146
Depreciation and amortization (a)80
 128
 125
 49
 3
 
 24
 409
EBITDA before Adjustments(208) 814
 150
 45
 34
 2
 (251) 586
Unrealized net (gain) loss resulting from hedging transactions462
 (667) (1) 22
 (32) 
 
 (216)
Fresh start accounting impacts15
 (2) (1) 4
 8
 1
 
 25
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement
 
 
 
 
 
 64
 64
Non-cash compensation expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 42
 42
Transition and merger expenses
 2
 1
 
 3
 2
 148
 156
Other, net(9) (4) 5
 3
 5
 
 1
 1
Adjusted EBITDA$260
 $143
 $154
 $74
 $18
 $5
 $4
 $658
____________
(a)Includes nuclear fuel amortization of $20 million in ERCOT segment.

 Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
 Retail ERCOT PJM NY/NE MISO 
Asset
Closure
 Eliminations / Corporate and Other 
Vistra
Energy Consolidated
Net income (loss)$(571)
$1,356

$346

$100

$46
 $(29) $(670) $578
Income tax expense








 
 225
 225
Interest expense and related charges8

(5)
5

1

3
 
 483
 495
Depreciation and amortization (a)118

293

265

104

7
 
 37
 824
EBITDA before Adjustments(445)
1,644

616

205

56
 (29) 75
 2,122
Unrealized net (gain) loss resulting from hedging transactions961

(1,298)
(255)
(38)
(50) 
 (23) (703)
Fresh start/purchase accounting impacts29



(5)
3

8
 
 (2) 33
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement








 
 (36) (36)
Non-cash compensation expenses








 
 24
 24
Transition and merger expenses

6

3

2

24
 
 9
 44
Other, net5

8

9

5

10
 1
 (28) 10
Adjusted EBITDA$550

$360

$368

$177

$48
 $(28) $19
 $1,494
____________
(a)Includes nuclear fuel amortization of $34 million in ERCOT segment.


 Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
 Retail ERCOT PJM NY/NE MISO 
Asset
Closure
 Eliminations / Corporate and Other 
Vistra
Energy Consolidated
Net income (loss)$483
 $(407) $23
 $(5) $31
 $(20) $(306) $(201)
Income tax benefit
 
 
 
 
 
 (163) (163)
Interest expense and related charges1
 15
 2
 1
 
 
 118
 137
Depreciation and amortization (a)157
 213
 125
 49
 3
 
 35
 582
EBITDA before Adjustments641
 (179) 150
 45
 34
 (20) (316) 355
Unrealized net (gain) loss resulting from hedging transactions(193) 403
 (1) 22
 (32) 
 
 199
Fresh start accounting impacts27
 (4) (1) 4
 8
 1
 
 35
Impacts of Tax Receivable Agreement
 
 
 
 
 
 82
 82
Non-cash compensation expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 48
 48
Transition and merger expenses
 4
 1
 
 3
 2
 174
 184
Other, net(21) (12) 5
 3
 5
 
 16
 (4)
Adjusted EBITDA$454
 $212
 $154
 $74
 $18
 $(17) $4
 $899
____________
(a)Includes nuclear fuel amortization of $40 million in ERCOT segment.

Adjusted EBITDA increased by $34$108 million to $692$401 million in the three months ended June 30, 20192020 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018.2019. Net income increased by $894 million to $323 million and Adjusted EBITDA increased by $595$162 million to $1.494 billion$712 million in the six months ended June 30, 20192020 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018.2019.
 
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2019
Compared to 2018
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2019
Compared to 2018
PJM, MISO and NY/NE segments acquired in the Merger$13
 $347
Increase in ERCOT segment driven by higher realized prices13
 148
Increase in Retail segment driven by ERCOT margins33
 96
Change in Asset Closure segment driven by reduced operating results due to the retirement of facilities in first and second quarter of 2018(20) (11)
Corporate and Other(5) 15
Total$34
 $595


Three Months Ended June 30, 2020
Compared to 2019
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2020
Compared to 2019
Higher margin primarily driven by the addition of Crius acquired in July 2019 and Ambit acquired in November 2019151  $252  
Other driven by higher SG&A expense and bad debt expense primarily due to the addition of Crius and Ambit(43) (90) 
Change in Adjusted EBITDA$108  $162  
Change in depreciation and amortization expenses driven by Crius/Ambit intangibles(14) (35) 
Favorable impact of lower unrealized net losses on hedging activities716  759  
Lower transition and merger and other expenses13  17  
Change in net income (loss)$823  $903  
Retail Segment
Generation Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 20192020 Compared to Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 20182019

Three Months Ended June 30,
ERCOTPJMNY/NEMISO
20202019202020192020201920202019
Operating revenues:
Electricity sales$205  $228  $211  $240  $67  $124  $57  $86  
Capacity revenue from ISO/RTO—  —  15  53  10  72    
Sales to affiliates479  392  261  209  108  29  99  31  
Rolloff of unrealized net gains (losses) representing positions settled in the current period(22) 22  (4) (6) (20) (13) (10) (4) 
Unrealized net gains (losses) on hedging activities17  393  (6) 64  (16) 38   35  
Unrealized net gains (losses) on hedging activities with affiliates185  635  (66) 126  (19)  (26) 36  
Other revenues   —   (2) (8) (4) 
Operating revenues865  1,671  412  686  131  254  121  188  
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees:
Fuel for generation facilities and purchased power costs(203) (268) (206) (244) (73) (99) (102) (74) 
Fuel for generation facilities and purchased power costs from affiliates —  (2) —   —   —  
Unrealized (gains) losses from hedging activities10  (3)  (21) 20   17  (2) 
Unrealized net (gains) losses on hedging activities with affiliates—  —  —  —   —  —  —  
Ancillary and other costs(32) (28) (5) —  (8) (2) (1) (2) 
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees(223) (299) (204) (265) (58) (100) (85) (78) 
Net income (loss)$299  $1,056  $(66) $183  $(18) $79  $(32) $46  
Adjusted EBITDA$260  $156  $183  $167  $72  $91  $ $11  
60

 Three Months Ended June 30, 
Favorable (Unfavorable)
Change
 Six Months Ended June 30, 
Favorable (Unfavorable)
Change
 2019 2018  2019 2018 
Operating revenues:           
Revenues in ERCOT$1,091
 $1,111
 $(20) $2,116
 $2,059
 $57
Revenues in Northeast/Midwest315
 336
 (21) 663
 336
 327
Amortization expense(10) (15) 5
 (19) (27) 8
Other revenues25
 22
 3
 46
 58
 (12)
Total operating revenues1,421
 1,454
 (33) 2,806
 2,426
 380
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees:           
Purchases from affiliates(689) (716) 27
 (1,360) (1,061) (299)
Unrealized net gains (losses) on hedging activities with affiliates(803) (463) (340) (966) 180
 (1,146)
Delivery fees(346) (383) 37
 (694) (715) 21
Other costs10
 (4) 14
 (4) (5) 1
Total fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees(1,828) (1,566) (262) (3,024) (1,601) (1,423)
Net income (loss)$(585) $(288) $(297) $(571) $483
 $(1,054)
Adjusted EBITDA$293
 $260
 $33
 $550
 $454
 $96
Retail sales volumes (GWh):           
Retail electricity sales volumes:           
Sales volumes in ERCOT10,693
 10,861
 (168) 20,476
 20,053
 423
Sales volumes in Northeast/Midwest6,012
 6,319
 (307) 12,563
 6,319
 6,244
Total retail electricity sales volumes16,705
 17,180
 (475) 33,039
 26,372
 6,667
Weather (North Texas average) - percent of normal (a):           
Cooling degree days81.0% 117.0%   79.0% 117.0%  
Heating degree days107.0% 209.0%   111.0% 106.0%  
____________
(a)Weather data is obtained from Weatherbank, Inc. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, normal is defined as the average over the 10-year period from June 2009 to June 2018. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, normal is defined as the average over the 10-year period from June 2008 to June 2017.


Net loss increased by $297 million to $585 million and Adjusted EBITDA increased by $33 million to $293 million in the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. Net income of $483 million decreased by $1.054 billion to a net loss of $571 million and Adjusted EBITDA increased by $96 million to $550 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018.
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
Compared to 2018
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2019
Compared to 2018
Favorable margins in ERCOT primarily due to favorable power prices$66
 $135
Favorable margins in Midwest/NE11
 12
Unfavorable weather in ERCOT(38) (42)
Other(6) (9)
Change in Adjusted EBITDA$33
 $96
Lower depreciation and amortization expenses driven by reduced amortization of the retail customer relationship21
 39
Unfavorable impact of unrealized net losses on hedging activities(335) (1,154)
Higher other expenses(16) (35)
Change in net income (loss)$(297) $(1,054)


ERCOT Segment Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
 Three Months Ended June 30, 
Favorable (Unfavorable)
Change
 Six Months Ended June 30, 
Favorable (Unfavorable)
Change
 2019 2018  2019 2018 
Operating revenues:           
Wholesale electricity sales$228
 $254
 $(26) $587
 $445
 $142
Sales to affiliates392
 405
 (13) 750
 751
 (1)
Rolloff of unrealized net gains (losses) representing positions settled in the current period22
 131
 (109) (9) 167
 (176)
Unrealized net gains (losses) from changes in fair value393
 102
 291
 515
 (359) 874
Unrealized net gains (losses) on hedging activities with affiliates635
 435
 200
 781
 (208) 989
Other revenues1
 
 1
 1
 (2) 3
Operating revenues$1,671
 $1,327
 $344
 2,625
 794
 1,831
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees:           
Fuel for generation facilities and purchased power costs(268) (300) 32
 (587) (555) (32)
Unrealized (gains) losses from hedging activities(3) (2) (1) 11
 (3) 14
Ancillary and other costs(28) (35) 7
 (57) (69) 12
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees(299) (337) 38
 (633) (627) (6)
Net income (loss)$1,056
 $679
 $377
 $1,356
 $(407) $1,763
Adjusted EBITDA$156
 $143
 $13
 $360
 $212
 $148
Production volumes (GWh):           
Nuclear facilities4,060
 5,279
 (1,219) 8,678
 10,547
 (1,869)
Lignite and coal facilities5,800
 6,967
 (1,167) 12,780
 12,403
 377
Natural gas facilities8,939
 8,030
 909
 17,330
 14,421
 2,909
Solar facilities131
 134
 (3) 217
 134
 83
Capacity factors:           
Nuclear facilities80.8% 105.1%   86.9% 105.6%  
Lignite and coal facilities59.0% 71.8%   65.4% 68.8%  
CCGT facilities49.1% 47.2%   49.0% 55.9%  
Market pricing:           
Average ERCOT North power price ($/MWh)$25.09
 $27.76
 $(2.67) $24.75
 $26.59
 $(1.84)

Net income increased by $377 million to $1.056 billion and Adjusted EBITDA increased by $13 million to $156 million in the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. Net loss of $407 million improved by $1.763 billion to net income of $1.356 billion and Adjusted EBITDA increased by $148 million to $360 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018.
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
Compared to 2018
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2019
Compared to 2018
Favorable margins driven by higher realized power prices through hedging activities$
 $114
Unfavorable margin in the quarter due to decreased nuclear production driven by outage timing, partially offset by higher realized power prices(5) 
Lower selling, general and administrative expenses due to lower shared services costs
 17
Insurance reimbursements for Comanche Peak6
 21
Impact of Forney outage in 201813
 13
Other(1) (17)
Change in Adjusted EBITDA$13
 $148
Increased depreciation and amortization driven by facilities acquired in the Merger(15) (80)
Favorable impact of unrealized net gains on hedging activities380
 1,701
Other(1) (6)
Change in net income (loss)$377
 $1,763


PJM Segment Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
 Three Months Ended June 30,
Favorable (Unfavorable)
$ Change
 Six Months Ended June 30,
Favorable (Unfavorable)
$ Change
 2019 2018 2019 2018 
Operating revenues:           
Energy$240
 $207
 $33
 $564
 $207
 $357
Capacity53
 119
 (66) 120
 119
 1
Unrealized net gains on hedging activities58
 6
 52
 117
 6
 111
Sales to affiliates209
 168
 41
 431
 168
 263
Unrealized net gains (losses) on hedging activities with affiliates126
 (16) 142
 159
 (16) 175
Other revenues
 1
 (1) 
 1
 (1)
Operating revenues$686
 $485
 $201
 $1,391
 $485
 $906
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees:           
Fuel for generation facilities and purchased power costs(244) (243) (1) (560) (243) (317)
Fuel for generation facilities and purchased power costs from affiliates
 (6) 6
 
 (6) 6
Unrealized gains (losses) from hedging activities(21) 11
 (32) (21) 11
 (32)
Other costs
 (1) 1
 
 (1) 1
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees$(265) $(239) $(26) $(581) $(239) $(342)
Net income$183
 $23
 $160
 $346
 $23
 $323
Adjusted EBITDA$167
 $154
 $13
 $368
 $154
 $214
Production volumes (GWh):10,642
 11,250
 (608) 25,101
 11,250
 13,851
Capacity factors:           
CCGT facilities59.9% 65.0%   67.1% 65.0%  
Coal facilities35.6% 48.7%   50.6% 48.7%  
Weather - percent of normal (a):           
Cooling degree days89.0% 116.0%   89.0% 116.0%  
Heating degree days83.0% 117.0%   98.0% 117.0%  
Average Market On-Peak Power Prices ($/MWh) (b):           
PJM West Hub$28.60
 $39.81
   $31.25
 $39.81
  
AEP Dayton Hub$28.90
 $40.04
   $30.77
 $40.04
  
Average natural gas price - TetcoM3 ($/MMBtu) (c)$2.21
 $2.40
   $2.77
 $2.40
  
Three Months Ended June 30,
ERCOTPJMNY/NEMISO
20202019202020192020201920202019
Production volumes (GWh):
Natural gas facilities7,525  8,939  9,291  7,936  2,995  3,687  
Lignite and coal facilities6,716  5,800  2,377  2,705  2,325  3,297  
Nuclear facilities4,551  4,060  
Solar/Battery facilities129  131  
Capacity factors:
CCGT facilities42.2 %49.1 %67.9 %59.9 %29.0 %35.7 %
Lignite and coal facilities68.3 %59.0 %31.3 %35.6 %33.4 %47.4 %
Nuclear facilities90.6 %80.8 %
Weather - percent of normal (a):
Cooling degree days96.0 %92.0 %99.0 %89.0 %105.0 %80.0 %106.0 %86.0 %
Heating degree days158.0 %136.0 %144.0 %83.0 %130.0 %100.0 %117.0 %93.0 %
Market pricing:
Average ERCOT North power price ($/MWh)$16.45  $25.09  
Average NYMEX Henry Hub natural gas price ($/MMBTU)$1.65  $2.51  
Average Market On-Peak Power Prices ($MWh) (b):
PJM West Hub$20.80  $28.60  
AEP Dayton Hub$21.30  $28.90  
NYISO Zone C$16.29  $21.80  
Massachusetts Hub$20.32  $27.21  
Indiana Hub$24.15  $29.69  
Northern Illinois Hub$19.26  $26.73  
Average natural gas price (c):
TetcoM3 ($/MMBtu)$1.43  $2.21  
Algonquin Citygates ($/MMBtu)$1.51  $2.33  
____________
(a)Reflects cooling degree days or heating degree days for the region based on Weather Services International (WSI) data.
(b)Reflects the average of day-ahead quoted prices for the periods presented and does not necessarily reflect prices we realized.
(c)Reflects the average of daily quoted prices for the periods presented and does not reflect costs incurred by us.


61

NetThe following table presents changes in net income increased by $160 million to $183 million(loss) and Adjusted EBITDA increased by $13 million to $167 million infor the three months ended June 30, 20192020 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. Net income2019.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2020 Compared to 2019
ERCOTPJMNY/NEMISO
Favorable/(unfavorable) change in revenue net of fuel$128  $12  $(16) $ 
Favorable/(unfavorable) change in other operating costs(14)   (11) 
Unfavorable change in selling. general and administrative expenses(3) —  (1) (7) 
Other(7) (1) (3)  
Change in Adjusted EBITDA$104  $16  $(19) $(8) 
Favorable/(unfavorable) change in depreciation and amortization (31) (9) (6) 
Change in unrealized net (gains)/losses on hedging activities(857) (230) (65) (79) 
Fresh start/purchase accounting impacts(7) (10) (6) (5) 
Transition and merger expenses   17  
Other (including interest)(10)    
Change in Net income (loss)$(757) $(249) $(97) $(78) 

The change in ERCOT segment results was driven by improved realized margin through hedging activities and plant optimization efforts, partially offset by higher operating costs, lower insurance reimbursement and lower unrealized gains.

The change in PJM segment results was driven by lower unrealized hedging gains, lower capacity revenue and increased depreciation expense, partially offset by $323 million to $346 millionimproved realized margin through hedging activities and Adjusted EBITDA increased by $214 million to $368 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018.
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
Compared to 2018
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2019
Compared to 2018
Favorable impact related to operations acquired in the Merger (a)$
 $201
Increase in generation revenue net of fuel86
 86
Decrease in capacity revenue(66) (66)
Increase in operating costs(5) (5)
Other(2) (2)
Adjusted EBITDA$13
 $214
Increase in depreciation and amortization(9) (140)
Unrealized net gains (losses) on hedging activities162
 254
Purchase accounting impacts(3) 4
Other(3) (9)
Net income$160
 $323
____________
(a)Impact related to operations acquired in the Merger are the combined results for the first quarter of 2019, for which there is no comparable period for 2018 due to the Merger date of April 9, 2018.


plant optimization efforts.

The change in NY/NE Segmentsegment results was driven by lower capacity revenue and higher unrealized losses, partially offset by improved realized margin through hedging activities and plant optimization efforts.

The change in MISO segment results was driven by lower unrealized hedging gains and higher operating costs.

Generation Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 20192020 Compared to Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 20182019

Six Months Ended June 30,
ERCOTPJMNY/NEMISO
20202019202020192020201920202019
Operating revenues:
Electricity sales$470  $587  $439  $564  $140  $375  $127  $228  
Capacity revenue from ISO/RTO—  —  30  120  35  152   18  
Sales to affiliates878  750  586  431  265  43  171  74  
Rolloff of unrealized net gains (losses) representing positions settled in the current period(64) (9) 12  (15) (21) (34) (26) (20) 
Unrealized net gains on hedging activities193  515  17  132   60  20  44  
Unrealized net gains (losses) on hedging activities with affiliates254  781  (25) 159  (9)  (27) 22  
Other revenues—    —   (3) (11) (9) 
Operating revenues1,731  2,625  1,060  1,391  417  599  263  357  
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees:
Fuel for generation facilities and purchased power costs(419) (587) (462) (560) (233) (331) (167) (171) 
Fuel for generation facilities and purchased power costs from affiliates —  (4) —  —  —   —  
Unrealized (gains) losses from hedging activities(12) 11  (5) (21) 10     
62

 Three Months Ended June 30,
Favorable (Unfavorable)
$ Change
 Six Months Ended June 30,
Favorable (Unfavorable)
$ Change
 2019 2018 2019 2018 
Operating revenues:           
Energy$124
 $116
 $8
 $375
 $116
 $259
Capacity72
 82
 (10) 152
 82
 70
Unrealized net gains (losses) on hedging activities25
 (20) 45
 26
 (20) 46
Sales to affiliates29
 16
 13
 43
 16
 27
Unrealized net gains (losses) on hedging activities with affiliates6
 (4) 10
 6
 (4) 10
Other revenues(2) (3) 1
 (3) (3) 
Operating revenues$254
 $187
 $67
 $599
 $187
 $412
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees:           
Fuel for generation facilities and purchased power costs(99) (107) 8
 (331) (107) (224)
Fuel for generation facilities and purchased power costs from affiliates
 (2) 2
 
 (2) 2
Unrealized gains from hedging activities1
 2
 (1) 6
 2
 4
Other costs(2) (1) (1) (4) (1) (3)
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees$(100) $(108) $8
 $(329) $(108) $(221)
Net income$79
 $(5) $84
 $100
 $(5) $105
Adjusted EBITDA$91
 $74
 $17
 $177
 $74
 $103
Production volumes (GWh):3,687
 3,765
 (78) 8,640
 3,765
 4,875
Capacity factors:           
CCGT facilities35.7% 40.0%   42.1% 40.0%  
Weather - percent of normal (a):           
Cooling degree days80.0% 103.0%   80.0% 103.0%  
Heating degree days100.0% 116.0%   101.0% 116.0%  
Average Market On-Peak Power Prices ($/MWh) (b):           
NYISO Zone C$21.80
 $31.03
   $27.80
 $31.03
  
Massachusetts Hub$27.21
 $36.15
   $37.42
 $36.15
  
Average natural gas price - Algonquin Citygates ($/MMBtu) (c)$2.33
 $3.31
   $3.70
 $3.31
  
Six Months Ended June 30,
ERCOTPJMNY/NEMISO
20202019202020192020201920202019
Unrealized (gains) losses from hedging activities with affiliates—  —  —  —   —  —  —  
Ancillary and other costs(67) (57) (10) —  (10) (4) (3) (4) 
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees(494) (633) (481) (581) (231) (329) (159) (171) 
Net income (loss)$557  $1,356  $53  $346  $(3) $100  $(111) $67  
Adjusted EBITDA$477  $360  $401  $368  $132  $177  $31  $67  
Production volumes (GWh):
Natural gas facilities16,389  17,330  18,721  17,457  6,713  8,640  
Lignite and coal facilities12,279  12,780  5,203  7,644  5,193  7,977  
Nuclear facilities9,775  8,678  
Solar/Battery facilities208  217  
Capacity factors:
CCGT facilities46.6 %49.0 %70.1 %67.1 %32.7 %42.1 %
Lignite and coal facilities62.8 %65.4 %34.4 %50.6 %37.5 %57.6 %
Nuclear facilities97.8 %86.9 %
Weather - percent of normal (a):
Cooling degree days102.0 %89.0 %99.0 %89.0 %105.0 %80.0 %106.0 %86.0 %
Heating degree days81.0 %110.0 %91.0 %98.0 %92.0 %101.0 %89.0 %99.0 %
Market pricing:
Average ERCOT North power price ($/MWh)$17.92  $24.75  
Average NYMEX Henry Hub natural gas price ($/MMBTU)$1.76  $2.70  
Average Market On-Peak Power Prices ($MWh) (b):
PJM West Hub$21.65  $31.25  
AEP Dayton Hub$21.84  $30.77  
NYISO Zone C$17.31  $27.80  
Massachusetts Hub$22.45  $37.42  
Indiana Hub$24.40  $31.81  
Northern Illinois Hub$20.25  $28.31  
Average natural gas price (c):
TetcoM3 ($/MMBtu)$1.60  $2.77  
Algonquin Citygates ($/MMBtu)$1.87  $3.70  
____________
(a)Reflects cooling degree days or heating degree days for the region based on Weather Services International (WSI) data.
(b)Reflects the average of day-ahead quoted prices for the periods presented and does not necessarily reflect prices we realized.
(c)Reflects the average of daily quoted prices for the periods presented and does not reflect costs incurred by us.


63

Net loss of $5 million improved by $84 million toThe following table presents changes in net income of $79 million(loss) and Adjusted EBITDA increased by $17 million to $91 million in the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. Net loss of $5 million improved by $105 million to net income of $100 million and Adjusted EBITDA increased by $103 million to $177 million infor the six months ended June 30, 20192020 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018.2019.
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
Compared to 2018
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2019
Compared to 2018
Favorable impact related to operations acquired in the Merger (a)$
 $86
Increase in generation revenue net of fuel28
 28
Decrease in capacity revenue(10) (10)
Other(1) (1)
Adjusted EBITDA$17
 $103
Decrease in depreciation and amortization10
 (55)
Unrealized net gains (losses) on hedging activities54
 60
Purchase accounting impacts3
 1
Transition and merger expenses(1) (2)
Other1
 (2)
Net income$84
 $105
____________
(a)Impact related to operations acquired in the Merger are the combined results for the first quarter of 2019, for which there is no comparable period for 2018 due to the Merger date of April 9, 2018.


Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 Compared to 2019
ERCOTPJMNY/NEMISO
Favorable/(unfavorable) change in revenue net of fuel$167  $30  $(39) $(8) 
Favorable/(unfavorable) change in other operating costs(24) 14   (19) 
Unfavorable change in selling. general and administrative expenses(6) (3) (3) (12) 
Other(20) (8) (6)  
Change in Adjusted EBITDA$117  $33  $(45) $(36) 
Favorable/(unfavorable) change in depreciation and amortization11  (38)  (13) 
Change in unrealized net (gains)/losses on hedging activities(927) (256) (50) (74) 
Fresh start/purchase accounting impacts(3) (19) (4) (4) 
Transition and merger expenses (4)  24  
Impairment of long-lived assets—  —  —  (84) 
Loss on disposal of investment in NELP—  (14) (15) —  
Other (including interest)(5)    
Change in Net income (loss)$(799) $(293) $(103) $(178) 
MISO Segment
Three
The change in ERCOT segment results was driven by lower unrealized hedging gains and Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Threelower insurance reimbursement, partially offset by higher realized prices through hedging activities and plant optimization efforts.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
 Three Months Ended June 30,
Favorable (Unfavorable)
$ Change
 Six Months Ended June 30,
Favorable (Unfavorable)
$ Change
 2019 2018 2019 2018 
Operating revenues:           
Energy$113
 $81
 $32
 $302
 $81
 $221
Capacity11
 29
 (18) 24
 29
 (5)
Unrealized net gains (losses) on hedging activities31
 (18) 49
 24
 (18) 42
Sales to affiliates60
 115
 (55) 138
 115
 23
Unrealized net gains on hedging activities with affiliates36
 48
 (12) 22
 48
 (26)
Other revenues(5) 2
 (7) (10) 2
 (12)
Operating revenues$246
 $257
 $(11) $500
 $257
 $243
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees:           
Fuel for generation facilities and purchased power costs(116) (134) 18
 (272) (134) (138)
Fuel for generation facilities and purchased power costs from affiliates
 
 
 
 
 
Unrealized gains (losses) from hedging activities(2) 2
 (4) 4
 2
 2
Other costs(2) (1) (1) (4) (1) (3)
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees$(120) $(133) $13
 $(272) $(133) $(139)
Net income$35
 $31
 $4
 $46
 $31
 $15
Adjusted EBITDA$1
 $18
 $(17) $48
 $18
 $30
Production volumes (GWh):5,113
 6,340
 (1,227) 12,269
 6,340
 5,929
Capacity factors:           
Coal facilities44.5% 60.6%   53.8% 60.6%  
Weather - percent of normal (a):           
Cooling degree days86.0% 167.0%   86.0% 167.0%  
Heating degree days93.0% 113.0%   99.0% 113.0%  
Average Market On-Peak Power Prices ($/MWh) (b):           
Indiana Hub$29.69
 $38.91
   $31.81
 $38.91
  
Northern Illinois Hub$26.73
 $31.76
   $28.31
 $31.76
  
____________
(a)Reflects cooling degree days or heating degree days for the region based on Weather Services International (WSI) data.
(b)Reflects the average of day-ahead quoted prices for the periods presented and does not necessarily reflect prices we realized.


Net income increasedThe change in PJM segment results was driven by $4 million to $35 millionlower unrealized hedging gains, lower capacity revenue and Adjusted EBITDA decreased by $17 million to $1 millionloss on disposal of equity method investment in the three months ended June 30, 2019 comparedNELP for 100% ownership of North Jersey Energy Associates (see Note 18 to the three months ended June 30, 2018. Net income increasedFinancial Statements), partially offset by $15 million to $46 millionhigher realized prices through hedging activities and Adjusted EBITDA increasedplant optimization efforts.

The change in NY/NE segment results was driven by $30 million to $48 millionlower capacity revenue and loss on disposal of equity method investment in the six months ended June 30, 2019 comparedNELP for 100% ownership of North Jersey Energy Associates (see Note 18 to the six months ended June 30, 2018.Financial Statements).

 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
Compared to 2018
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2019
Compared to 2018
Favorable impact related to operations acquired in the Merger (a)$
 $47
Decrease in generation revenue net of fuel(16) (16)
Decrease in capacity revenue(18) (18)
Decrease in operating costs22
 22
Increase in selling. general and administrative expenses(4) (4)
Other(1) (1)
Adjusted EBITDA$(17) $30
Increase in depreciation and amortization
 (4)
Unrealized net gains (losses) on hedging activities33
 18
Purchase accounting impacts4
 
Transition and merger expenses(14) (21)
Other(2) (8)
Net income$4
 $15
The change in MISO segment results was driven by lower unrealized hedging gains, higher operating costs and the impairment of the Joppa/EEI coal facility and related inventory.
____________
(a)Impact related to operations acquired in the Merger are the combined results for the first quarter of 2019, for which there is no comparable period for 2018 due to the Merger date of April 9, 2018.

Asset Closure Segment Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 20192020 Compared to Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 20182019

Three Months Ended June 30,Favorable (Unfavorable)
Change
Six Months Ended June 30,Favorable (Unfavorable)
Change
2020201920202019
Operating revenues$—  $58  $(58) $—  $143  $(143) 
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees—  (42) 42  —  (101) 101  
Operating costs(9) (32) 23  (18) (71) 53  
Selling, general and administrative expenses(5) (11)  (12) (22) 10  
Operating loss(14) (27) 13  (30) (51) 21  
Other income—   (1)   —  
Other deductions—  —  —  (2) —  (2) 
Loss before income taxes(14) (26) 12  (31) (50) 19  
Net loss$(14) $(26) $12  $(31) $(50) $19  
Adjusted EBITDA$(13) $(25) $12  $(30) $(47) $17  
Production volumes (GWh)—  1,816  (1,816) —  4,292  (4,292) 

64

 Three Months Ended June 30, 
Favorable (Unfavorable)
Change
 Six Months Ended June 30, 
Favorable (Unfavorable)
Change
 2019 2018  2019 2018 
Operating revenues$
 $21
 $(21) $
 $49
 $(49)
Fuel, purchased power costs and delivery fees
 (10) 10
 
 (36) 36
Operating costs(12) (6) (6) (21) (30) 9
Selling, general and administrative expenses(4) (4) 
 (9) (5) (4)
Operating loss(16) 1
 (17) (30) (22) (8)
Other income1
 1
 
 1
 2
 (1)
Net loss$(15) $2
 $(17) $(29) $(20) $(9)
Adjusted EBITDA$(15) $5
 $(20) $(28) $(17) $(11)
Production volumes (GWh)
 445
 (445) 
 1,515
 (1,515)

Results for the Asset Closure segment primarily reflect the retirement of the StuartCoffeen, Duck Creek, Havana and KillenHennepin plants in May 2018 (acquired in the Merger), retirement of the Northeastern waste coal plant in October 2018November and the retirement of the Monticello, Sandow and Big Brown plants in January and February 2018December 2019 (see Note 4 to the Financial Statements). Operating costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 20192020 included ongoing costs associated with closing these plants.the decommissioning and reclamation of retired plants and mines.


Energy-Related Commodity Contracts and Mark-to-Market Activities

The table below summarizes the changes in commodity contract assets and liabilities for the six months ended June 30, 20192020 and 2018.2019. The net change in these assets and liabilities, excluding "other activity" as described below, reflects $123 million and $703 million in unrealized net gains for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, and $199 million in unrealized net losses for the six months ended June 30, 2018,respectively, arising from mark-to-market accounting for positions in the commodity contract portfolio.
 Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018
Commodity contract net asset (liability) at beginning of period$(850) $(96)
Settlements/termination of positions (a)(76) 165
Changes in fair value of positions in the portfolio (b)779
 (364)
Acquired commodity contracts in Merger (c)
 (452)
Other activity (d)(73) 80
Commodity contract net asset (liability) at end of period$(220) $(667)
Six Months Ended June 30,
20202019
Commodity contract net liability at beginning of period$(279) $(850) 
Settlements/termination of positions (a)(82) (76) 
Changes in fair value of positions in the portfolio (b)205  779  
Other activity (c) (73) 
Commodity contract net liability at end of period$(149) $(220) 
____________
(a)Represents reversals of previously recognized unrealized gains and losses upon settlement/termination (offsets realized gains and losses recognized in the settlement period). The six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 include reversals of $7 million and $17 million, respectively, of previously recorded unrealized gains related to Vistra Energy beginning balances. The six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 also include reversals of $13 million and $23 million, respectively, of previously recorded unrealized losses related to commodity contracts acquired in the Merger. Excludes changes in fair value in the month the position settled as well as amounts related to positions entered into, and settled, in the same month.
(b)Represents unrealized net gains (losses) recognized, reflecting the effect of changes in fair value. Excludes changes in fair value in the month the position settled as well as amounts related to positions entered into, and settled, in the same month.
(c)Includes fair value of commodity contracts acquired on the Merger Date (see Note 2 to the Financial Statements).
(d)Represents changes in fair value of positions due to receipt or payment of cash not reflected in unrealized gains or losses. Amounts are generally related to premiums related to options purchased or sold as well as certain margin deposits classified as settlement for certain transactions executed on the CME.
(a)Represents reversals of previously recognized unrealized gains and losses upon settlement/termination (offsets realized gains and losses recognized in the settlement period). The six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 include reversals of $1 million of previously recorded unrealized losses and $7 million of previously recorded unrealized gains related to Vistra beginning balances, respectively. The six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 also include reversals of $21 million and $13 million, respectively, of previously recorded unrealized losses related to commodity contracts acquired in the Merger, Crius Transaction and Ambit Transaction. Excludes changes in fair value in the month the position settled as well as amounts related to positions entered into, and settled, in the same month.
(b)Represents unrealized net gains (losses) recognized, reflecting the effect of changes in fair value. Excludes changes in fair value in the month the position settled as well as amounts related to positions entered into, and settled, in the same month.
(c)Represents changes in fair value of positions due to receipt or payment of cash not reflected in unrealized gains or losses. Amounts are generally related to premiums related to options purchased or sold as well as certain margin deposits classified as settlement for certain transactions executed on the CME.

Maturity Table — The following table presents the net commodity contract liability arising from recognition of fair values at June 30, 2019,2020, scheduled by the source of fair value and contractual settlement dates of the underlying positions.
Maturity dates of unrealized commodity contract net liability at June 30, 2020
Less than
1 year
1-3 years4-5 yearsExcess of
5 years
Total
Prices actively quoted$108  $(43) $(2) $—  $63  
Prices provided by other external sources(247) (78)  (2) (326) 
Prices based on models39  39  21  15  114  
Total$(100) $(82) $20  $13  $(149) 

65
  Maturity dates of unrealized commodity contract net liability at June 30, 2019
Source of fair value 
Less than
1 year
 1-3 years 4-5 years 
Excess of
5 years
 Total
Prices actively quoted $(138) $43
 $(10) $
 $(105)
Prices provided by other external sources (45) (74) 
 
 (119)
Prices based on models 60
 4
 (6) (54) 4
Total $(123) $(27) $(16) $(54) $(220)


FINANCIAL CONDITION

Operating Cash Flows

Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 — Cash provided by operating activities totaled $1.309 billion and $882 million infor the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, compared to cash used in operating activities of $29 million in the six months ended June 30, 2018.respectively. The favorable change of $911$427 million was primarily driven by increased cash from operations reflecting operations acquired in the Merger and an increasea decrease in cash provided by margin deposits.deposits posted with third-parties.

Depreciation and amortization expense reported as a reconciling adjustment in the condensed consolidated statements of condensed consolidated cash flows exceeds the amount reported in the condensed consolidated statements of condensed consolidated income (loss)operations by $96$147 million and $77$96 million for the six months ended June 30, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively. The difference represented amortization of nuclear fuel, which is reported as fuel costs in the condensed consolidated statements of consolidated income (loss)operations consistent with industry practice, and amortization of intangible net assets and liabilities that are reported in various other condensed consolidated statements of condensed consolidated income (loss)operations line items including operating revenues and fuel and purchased power costs and delivery fees.

Investing Cash Flows

Cash used in investing activities totaled $653 million and $399 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Capital expenditures totaled $588 million and $303 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 also reflected net purchases of environmental allowances of $85 million and $107 million, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, capital expenditures consisted of:
Six Months Ended June 30,
20202019
Capital expenditures, including LTSA prepayments$297  $247  
Nuclear fuel purchases$36  $20  
Growth and development expenditures$255  $36  
Capital expenditures$588  $303  

Financing Cash Flows

Cash used in financing activities totaled $698 million and $170 million and $1.443 billion infor the six months ended June 30, 20192020 and 2018,2019, respectively. The decrease in cash used in financing activitieschange was primarily driven by:

the issuance of $4.6 billion principal amount of Vistra Operations senior secured and unsecured notes in 2019;
redemption in 2018 of $850$500 million principal amount of outstanding of 5.875% senior unsecured notes assumedredeemed in the Merger;June 2020;
the amendment to$100 million of term loans under the Vistra Operations Credit FacilitiesFacility repaid in 2018, including the repaymentMarch 2020, and
$81 million principal amount of $500 millionoutstanding of term loans,8.000% senior notes redeemed in January 2020,

partially offset by:

cash tender offers in 2019 to purchase approximately $2.0 billion of senior unsecured notes assumed in the Merger;Merger in 2019;
repayment of approximately $2.0 billion of term loans under the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities in 2019;
$100457 million in cash paid for share repurchases in 2019;
$200 million increase in net short-term borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility in 2020, and
$136 million decrease in debt tender offer and other financing fees in 20192020 compared to 2018;2019.
$394 million increase in cash paid for share repurchases in 2019 compared to 2018, and
$120 million of cash dividend paid to stockholders in the first quarter of 2019.

Investing Cash Flows

Cash used in investing activities totaled $399 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to cash provided by investing activities of $242 million in the six months ended June 30, 2018. Capital expenditures (including LTSA prepayments, nuclear fuel purchases and development and growth expenditures) totaled $303 million and $202 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Cash used in investing activities in the six months ended June 30, 2019 also reflected net purchases of environmental allowances of $107 million. Cash provided by investing activities in the six months ended June 30, 2018 also reflected $445 million of cash acquired in the Merger (see Note 2 to the Financial Statements).

Debt Activity

See Note 11 to the Financial Statements for details of the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities and other long-term debt.

66

Available Liquidity

The following table summarizes changes in available liquidity for the six months ended June 30, 2019:2020:
June 30, 2020December 31, 2019Change
Cash and cash equivalents$382  $300  $82  
Vistra Operations Credit Facilities — Revolving Credit Facility1,287  1,426  (139) 
Total available liquidity$1,669  $1,726  $(57) 
 June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 Change
Cash and cash equivalents$964
 $636
 $328
Vistra Operations Credit Facilities — Revolving Credit Facility2,173
 1,135
 1,038
Total available liquidity$3,137
 $1,771
 $1,366


The $1.366 billion increase$57 million decrease in available liquidity infor the six months ended June 30, 20192020 was primarily driven by cash from operations, $500 million of new Alternate LOC Facilities, $225 million of additional available capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility and decreased letters of credit postings, partially offset by $457 million in cash paid for share repurchases, $303$588 million of capital expenditures (including LTSA prepayments, nuclear fuel and development and growth expenditures), $146$500 million principal amount of outstanding 5.875% senior notes redeemed in debt tender offerJune 2020, $100 million of term loans under the Vistra Operations Credit Facility repaid in March 2020, $81 million principal amount of outstanding of 8.000% senior notes redeemed in January 2020 and other financing fees and $120$132 million in dividends paid to shareholders.shareholders, partially offset by cash from operations.

Based upon our current internal financial forecasts, we believe that we will have sufficient liquidity to fund our anticipated cash requirements, including those related to our capital allocation initiatives, through at least the next 12 months. Our operational cash flows tend to be seasonal and weighted toward the second half of the year.

Liquidity Effects of Commodity Hedging and Trading Activities

We have entered into commodity hedging and trading transactions that require us to post collateral if the forward price of the underlying commodity moves such that the hedging or trading instrument we hold has declined in value. We use cash, letters of credit and other forms of credit support to satisfy such collateral posting obligations. See Note 11 to the Financial Statements for discussion of the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities.

Exchange cleared transactions typically require initial margin (i.e., the upfront cash and/or letter of credit posted to take into account the size and maturity of the positions and credit quality) in addition to variation margin (i.e., the daily cash margin posted to take into account changes in the value of the underlying commodity). The amount of initial margin required is generally defined by exchange rules. Clearing agents, however, typically have the right to request additional initial margin based on various factors, including market depth, volatility and credit quality, which may be in the form of cash, letters of credit, a guaranty or other forms as negotiated with the clearing agent. Cash collateral received from counterparties is either used for working capital and other business purposes, including reducing borrowings under credit facilities, or is required to be deposited in a separate account and restricted from being used for working capital and other corporate purposes. With respect to over-the-counter transactions, counterparties generally have the right to substitute letters of credit for such cash collateral. In such event, the cash collateral previously posted would be returned to such counterparties, which would reduce liquidity in the event the cash was not restricted.

At June 30, 2019,2020, we received or posted cash and letters of credit for commodity hedging and trading activities as follows:

$253161 million in cash has been posted with counterparties as compared to $361$202 million posted at December 31, 2018;2019;
$815 million in cash has been received from counterparties as compared to $4$8 million received at December 31, 2018;2019;
$896 million1.117 billion in letters of credit have been posted with counterparties as compared to $1.185$1.150 billion posted at December 31, 2018,2019, and
$517 million in letters of credit have been received from counterparties as compared to $12$17 million received at December 31, 2018.2019.

Income Tax Payments

In the next 12 months, we do not expect to make federal income tax payments due to Vistra Energy's forecasted loss position in 2018. In February 2019, we received a refundVistra's use of $21 million related to Vistra Energy's 2017 federal tax return.NOL carryforwards. We expect to make approximately $55 million in state income tax payments, of approximately $26offset by $13 million in state tax refunds, and no$1 million in TRA payments in the next 12 months. ThereIn addition, we expect to receive approximately $129 million in AMT refundable credits in the next 12 months.

For the six months ended June 30, 2020, we received a refund of $37 million related to alternative minimum tax credits claimed on Dynegy tax returns. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, there were no federal income tax payments, and $30$5 million in state income tax payments for the six months ended June 30, 2019. There were $58 million in income tax payments in the six months ended June 30, 2018.and no TRA payments.

67

Financial Covenants

The Credit Facilities Agreement includes a covenant, solely with respect to the Revolving Credit Facility and solely during a compliance period (which, in general, is applicable when the aggregate revolving borrowings and issued revolving letters of credit (in excess of $300 million) exceed 30% of the revolving commitments), that requires the consolidated first lienfirst-lien net leverage ratio not exceed 4.25 to 1.00. Although the period endedAs of June 30, 2019 was not a compliance period,2020, we would have beenwere in compliance with this financial covenant if it was required to be tested at such date.covenant.

See Note 11 to the Financial Statements for discussion of other covenants related to the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities.


Collateral Support Obligations

The RCT has rules in place to assure that parties can meet their mining reclamation obligations. In September 2016, the RCT agreed to a collateral bond of up to $975 million to support Luminant's reclamation obligations. The collateral bond is effectively a first lien on all of Vistra Operations' assets (which ranks pari passu with the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities) that contractually enables the RCT to be paid (up to $975 million) before the other first lienfirst-lien lenders in the event of a liquidation of our assets. Collateral support relates to land mined or being mined and not yet reclaimed as well as land for which permits have been obtained but mining activities have not yet begun and land already reclaimed but not released from regulatory obligations by the RCT, and includes cost contingency amounts.

The PUCT has rules in place to assure adequate creditworthiness of each REP, including the ability to return customer deposits, if necessary. Under these rules, at June 30, 2019,2020, Vistra Energy has posted letters of credit in the amount of $55$59 million with the PUCT, which is subject to adjustments.

The RTOs/ISOsISOs/RTOs we operate in have rules in place to assure adequate creditworthiness of parties that participate in the markets operated by those RTOs/ISOs.ISOs/RTOs. Under these rules, Vistra Energy has posted collateral support totaling $225$383 million in the form of letters of credit, $10 million in the form of a surety bond and $1$2 million of cash at June 30, 20192020 (which is subject to daily adjustments based on settlement activity with the RTOs/ISOs)ISOs/RTOs).

Material Cross Default/Acceleration Provisions

Certain of our contractual arrangements contain provisions that could result in an event of default if there was a failure under financing arrangements to meet payment terms or to observe covenants that could result in an acceleration of payments due. Such provisions are referred to as "cross default" or "cross acceleration" provisions.

A default by Vistra Operations or any of its restricted subsidiaries in respect of certain specified indebtedness in an aggregate amount in excess of $300 million may result in a cross default under the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities. Such a default would allow the lenders to accelerate the maturity of outstanding balances (approximately $3.8$3.1 billion at June 30, 2019)2020) including $550 million of cash borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility) under such facilities.

Each of Vistra Operations' (or its subsidiaries') commodity hedging agreements and interest rate swap agreements that are secured with a lien on its assets on a pari passu basis with the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities lenders contains a cross default provision. An event of a default by Vistra Operations or any of its subsidiaries relating to indebtedness equal to or above a threshold defined in the applicable agreement that results in the acceleration of such debt, would give such counterparty under these hedging agreements the right to terminate its hedge or interest rate swap agreement with Vistra Operations (or its applicable subsidiary) and require all outstanding obligations under such agreement to be settled.

Under (i) the Vistra Operations'Operations Senior Unsecured Indentures and the Vistra Operations Senior Secured Indenture, a default under any document evidencing indebtedness for borrowed money by Vistra Operations or any Guarantor Subsidiary for failure to pay principal when due at final maturity or that results in the acceleration of such indebtedness in an aggregate amount of $300 million or more, or (ii) as of June 30, 2020, with respect to the Vistra Energy8.125% Senior Unsecured Indentures (except with respect to the Consent Senior Notes),Indenture, a default under any document evidencing indebtedness for borrowed money by Vistra Energy or any Guarantor Subsidiary for failure to pay principal when due at final maturity or that results in the acceleration of such indebtedness in an aggregate amount of $100 million or more, may resulthave resulted in a cross default under the Vistra Operations Senior Unsecured Notes, the Senior Secured Notes, the Vistra Energy Senior Unsecured Notes (except with respect to the Consent Senior Notes),8.125% senior notes, the Vistra Operations Credit Facilities, the Receivables Facility, the Alternate LOC Facilities, and other current or future documents evidencing any indebtedness for borrowed money by the applicable borrower or issuer, as the case may be, and the applicable Guarantor Subsidiaries party thereto.

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Additionally, we enter into energy-related physical and financial contracts, the master forms of which contain provisions whereby an event of default or acceleration of settlement would occur if we were to default under an obligation in respect of borrowings in excess of thresholds, which may vary by contract.


The Receivables Facility contains a cross default provision. The cross default provision applies, among other instances, if Vistra Operations, the performance guarantor, fails to make a payment of principal or interest on any indebtedness that is outstanding in a principal amount of at least $300 million, or, in the case of TXU Energy, the originator and servicer, in a principal amount of at least $50 million, or if other events occur or circumstances exist under such indebtedness which give rise to a right of the debtholder to accelerate such indebtedness, or if such indebtedness becomes due before its stated maturity. If this cross-default provision is triggered, a termination event under the Receivables Facility would occur and the Receivables Facility may be terminated.

Under the Alternate LOC Facilities, a default under any document evidencing indebtedness for borrowed money by Vistra Operations or any Guarantor Subsidiary for failure to pay principal when due at final maturity or that results in the acceleration of such indebtedness in an aggregate amount of $300 million or more, may result in a termination of the Alternate LOC Facilities.

GuaranteesGuarantor Summary Financial Information

As of June 30, 2020, our 8.125% senior notes were guaranteed by substantially all of our wholly owned subsidiaries. The following tables summarize the combined financial information of (i) Vistra Corp. (Parent), which is the ultimate parent company and issuer of the senior notes with effect as of the Merger Date, on a stand-alone, unconsolidated basis and (ii) the guarantor subsidiaries of Vistra (Guarantor Subsidiaries). The Guarantor Subsidiaries consist of the wholly owned subsidiaries, which jointly, severally, fully and unconditionally, guarantee the payment obligations under the senior notes. See Note 11 to the Financial Statements for discussion of the senior notes and Note 13 to the Financial Statements for discussion of dividend restrictions of Vistra Operations (a guarantor subsidiary of Vistra) and Parent.

This financial information should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto of Vistra. Transactions between the Parent and the Guarantor Subsidiaries have been eliminated. The inclusion of Vistra's subsidiaries as Guarantor Subsidiaries in the summary financial information is determined as of the most recent balance sheet date presented.

The Parent files a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return. All consolidated income tax expense or benefits and deferred tax assets and liabilities are included in the Guarantor summary financial information presented below.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
Revenues$5,130 
Operating income$829 
Net income$274 
Net income attributable to Vistra$274 

June 30, 2020June 30, 2020
Current assets$3,303  Current liabilities$3,741  
Noncurrent assets21,798  Noncurrent liabilities13,432  
Total assets$25,101  Total liabilities$17,173  
Noncontrolling interest$(12) 

Guarantees

See Note 12 to the Financial Statements for discussion of guarantees.


OFF–BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

We do notAs of June 30, 2020, we have no off-balance sheet arrangements which are expected to have any off-balance sheet arrangements.material impact on our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

See Note 1312 to the Financial Statements for discussion of commitments and contingencies.


CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

See Note 1 to the Financial Statements for discussion of changes in accounting standards.


Item 3.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Item 3.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market risk is the risk that in the normal course of business we may experience a loss in value due to changes in market conditions that affect economic factors such as commodity prices, interest rates and counterparty credit. Our exposure to market risk is affected by several factors, including the size, duration and composition of our energy and financial portfolio, as well as the volatility and liquidity of markets.

Risk Oversight

We manage the commodity price, counterparty credit and commodity-related operational risk related to the competitive energy business within limitations established by senior management and in accordance with overall risk management policies.framework established and overseen by the Company's board of directors (Board) and the sustainability and risk committee of the Board, as applicable. Interest rate risk is managed centrally by our treasury function. Market risks are monitored by risk management groups that operate independently of the wholesale commercial operations, utilizing defined practices and analytical methodologies. These techniques measure the risk of change in value of the portfolio of contracts and the hypothetical effect on this value from changes in market conditions and include, but are not limited to, position reporting and review, Value at Risk (VaR) methodologies and stress test scenarios. Key risk control activities include, but are not limited to, transaction review and approval (including credit review), operational and market risk measurement, transaction authority oversight, validation of transaction capture, market price validation and reporting, and portfolio valuation and reporting.

Commodity Price Risk

Our business is subject to the inherent risks of market fluctuations in the price of electricity, natural gas and other energy-related products it markets or purchases. We actively manage the portfolio of generation assets, fuel supply and retail sales load to mitigate the near-term impacts of these risks on results of operations. Similar to other participants in the market, we cannot fully manage the long-term value impact of structural declines or increases in natural gas and power prices.


In managing energy price risk, we enter into a variety of market transactions including, but not limited to, short- and long-term contracts for physical delivery, exchange-traded and over-the-counter financial contracts and bilateral contracts with customers. Activities include hedging, the structuring of long-term contractual arrangements and proprietary trading. We continuously monitor the valuation of identified risks and adjust positions based on current market conditions.

VaR Methodology — A VaR methodology is used to measure the amount of market risk that exists within the portfolio under a variety of market conditions. The resultant VaR produces an estimate of a portfolio's potential for loss given a specified confidence level and considers, among other things, market movements utilizing standard statistical techniques given historical and projected market prices and volatilities.

Parametric processes are used to calculate VaR and are considered by management to be the most effective way to estimate changes in a portfolio's value based on assumed market conditions for liquid markets. The use of this method requires a number of key assumptions, such as use of (i) an assumed confidence level, (ii) an assumed holding period (i.e., the time necessary for management action, such as to liquidate positions) and (iii) historical estimates of volatility and correlation data. The table below details a VaR measure related to various portfolios of contracts.

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VaR for Underlying Generation Assets and Energy-Related Contracts — This measurement estimates the potential loss in value, due to changes in market conditions, of all underlying generation assets and contracts, based on a 95% confidence level and an assumed holding period of 60 days for adays. The forward period through December 2020 forcovered by this calculation includes the six months ended June 30, 2019current and December 2019 forsubsequent calendar year at the year ended December 31, 2018.time of calculation.
Six Months
Ended
June 30, 2020
Year Ended December 31, 2019
Month-end average VaR$281  $263  
Month-end high VaR$361  $520  
Month-end low VaR$205  $103  
 Six Months
Ended
June 30, 2019
 Year Ended December 31, 2018
Month-end average VaR:$368
 $182
Month-end high VaR:$520
 $267
Month-end low VaR:$199
 $65

The increaseVaR risk measures in 2020 were primarily comparable to the month-endprior year. Month-end high VaR risk measurewas lower in 2019 is primarily driven by an increase2020 due to lower prices and a decrease in volatility in ERCOT duringas compared to the prior year.

Interest Rate Risk

At June 30, 2019,2020, the potential reduction of annual pretax earnings over the next twelve months due to a one percentage-point (100 basis points) increase in floating interest rates on long-term debt totaled approximately $5$13 million, taking into account the interest rate swaps discussed in Note 11 to Financial Statements.

Credit Risk

Credit risk relates to the risk of loss associated with nonperformance by counterparties. We minimize credit risk by evaluating potential counterparties, monitoring ongoing counterparty risk and assessing overall portfolio risk. This includes review of counterparty financial condition, current and potential credit exposures, credit rating and other quantitative and qualitative credit criteria. We also employ certain risk mitigation practices, including utilization of standardized master agreements that provide for netting and setoff rights, as well as credit enhancements such as margin deposits and customer deposits, letters of credit, parental guarantees and surety bonds. See Note 1615 to the Financial Statements for further discussion of this exposure.

Bankruptcies - We are party to (i) certain gas transportation agreements with PG&E and (ii) a long-term renewable power purchase agreementresource adequacy contract with PG&E in connection with the Moss Landing battery storage project, which was originally approved by the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) in November 2018. PG&E filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in January 2019. In November 2019, the bankruptcy court approved PG&E's motion requesting approval of the assumption of the resource adequacy contract subject to the CPUC approving the terms of an amendment to the resource adequacy contract, and the CPUC approved the terms of the amendment in January 2020. PG&E emerged from bankruptcy protection in July 2020.

As of June 30, 2019,2020, we had no outstanding accounts receivable from PG&E and accordingly, we have not recorded a reserve related to the pre-petition receivables. While our assumptions and conclusions may change, we could have future impairment losses or specifically with respect to the gas transportation agreements, be required to seek alternative, higher-cost fuel transportation methods if any of the terms of the contractsgas transportation agreements are not honored by PG&E or the contractsgas transportation agreements are rejected through the bankruptcy process.


Credit Exposure — Our gross credit exposure (excluding collateral impacts) associated with retail and wholesale trade accounts receivable and net derivative assets arising from commodity contracts and hedging and trading activities totaled $1.131$1.394 billion at June 30, 2019.2020.

At June 30, 2019,2020, Retail segment credit exposure totaled $742 million,$1.020 billion, including $730 million$1.009 billion of trade accounts receivable and $12$11 million related to derivative assets. Cash deposits and letters of credit held as collateral for these receivables totaled $35$78 million, resulting in a net exposure of $707$942 million. We believe the risk of material loss (after consideration of bad debt allowances) from nonperformance by these customers is unlikely based upon historical experience. Allowances for uncollectible accounts receivable are established for the potential loss from nonpayment by these customers based on historical experience, market or operational conditions and changes in the financial condition of large business customers.

At June 30, 2019,2020, aggregate ERCOT, PJM, NY/NE and MISO segments credit exposure totaled $389$374 million including $235$316 million related to derivative assets and $154$58 million of trade accounts receivable, after taking into account master netting agreement provisions but excluding collateral impacts.

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Including collateral posted to us by counterparties, our net ERCOT, PJM, NY/NE and MISO segments exposure was $381$365 million, substantially all of which is with investment grade customers as seen in the following table that presents the distribution of credit exposure at June 30, 2019.2020. Credit collateral includes cash and letters of credit but excludes other credit enhancements such as guarantees or liens on assets.
Exposure
Before Credit
Collateral
Credit
Collateral
Net
Exposure
Investment grade$348  $ $341  
Below investment grade or no rating26   24  
Totals$374  $ $365  
 
Exposure
Before Credit
Collateral
 
Credit
Collateral
 
Net
Exposure
Investment grade$347
 $
 $347
Below investment grade or no rating42
 8
 34
Totals$389
 $8
 $381


Significant (10%(i.e., 10% or greater) concentration of credit exposure exists with twothree counterparties, which represented an aggregate $162$218 million, or 43%60%, of the total net exposure. We view exposure to these counterparties to be within an acceptable level of risk tolerance due to the counterparties' credit ratings, each of which is rated as investment grade, the counterparties' market role and deemed creditworthiness and the importance of our business relationship with the counterparties. An event of default by one or more counterparties could subsequently result in termination-related settlement payments that reduce available liquidity if amounts such as margin deposits are owed to the counterparties or delays in receipts of expected settlements owed to us.

Contracts classified as "normal" purchase or sale and non-derivative contractual commitments are not marked-to-market in the financial statements and are excluded from the detail above. Such contractual commitments may contain pricing that is favorable considering current market conditions and therefore represent economic risk if the counterparties do not perform.


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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report and other presentations made by us contain "forward-looking statements." All statements, other than statements of historical facts, that are included in this report, or made in presentations, in response to questions or otherwise, that address activities, events or developments that may occur in the future, including (without limitation) such matters as activities related to our financial or operational projections, capital allocation, capital expenditures, liquidity, dividend policy, business strategy, competitive strengths, goals, future acquisitions or dispositions, development or operation of power generation assets, market and industry developments and the growth of our businesses and operations (often, but not always, through the use of words or phrases such as "intends," "plans," "will likely," "unlikely," "expected," "anticipated," "estimated," "should," "may," "projection," "target," "goal," "objective" and "outlook"), are forward-looking statements. Although we believe that in making any such forward-looking statement our expectations are based on reasonable assumptions, any such forward-looking statement involves uncertainties and risks and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the discussion under Part II, Item 1A.1A Risk Factors and Part I, Item 2 Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q and the following important factors, among others, that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those projected in or implied by such forward-looking statements:

the actions and decisions of judicial and regulatory authorities;
prohibitions and other restrictions on our operations due to the terms of our agreements;
prevailing federal, state and local governmental policies and regulatory actions, including those of the legislatures and other government actions of states in which we operate, the U.S. Congress, the FERC, the North American Electric Reliability Corporation,NERC, the Texas Reliability Entity, Inc.,TRE, the public utility commissions of states and locales in which we operate, CAISO, ERCOT, ISO-NE, MISO, NYISO, PJM, the RCT, the NRC, the EPA, the environmental regulatory bodies of states in which we operate, the U.S. Mine Safety and Health AdministrationMSHA and the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission,CFTC, with respect to, among other things:
allowed prices;
industry, market and rate structure;
purchased power and recovery of investments;
operations of nuclear generation facilities;
operations of fossil-fueled generation facilities;
operations of mines;
acquisition and disposal of assets and facilities;
development, construction and operation of facilities;
decommissioning costs;
present or prospective wholesale and retail competition;
changes in federal, state and local tax laws, rates and policies, including additional regulation, interpretations, amendments, or technical corrections to The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017;
changes in and compliance with environmental and safety laws and policies, including National Ambient Air Quality Standards, the Cross-State Air Pollution Rule, the Mercury and Air Toxics Standard, regional haze program implementation and greenhouse gas and other climate change initiatives, and
clearing over-the-counter derivatives through exchanges and posting of cash collateral therewith;
allowed prices;
industry, market and rate structure;
purchased power and recovery of investments;
operations of nuclear generation facilities;
operations of fossil-fueled generation facilities;
operations of mines;
acquisition and disposal of assets and facilities;
development, construction and operation of facilities;
decommissioning costs;
present or prospective wholesale and retail competition;
changes in federal, state and local tax laws, rates and policies, including additional regulation, interpretations, amendments, or technical corrections to The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017;
changes in and compliance with environmental and safety laws and policies, including the Coal Combustion Residuals Rule, National Ambient Air Quality Standards, the Cross-State Air Pollution Rule, the Mercury and Air Toxics Standard, regional haze program implementation and GHG and other climate change initiatives, and
clearing over-the-counter derivatives through exchanges and posting of cash collateral therewith;
expectations regarding, or impacts of, environmental matters, including costs of compliance, availability and adequacy of emission credits, and the impact of ongoing proceedings and potential regulations or changes to current regulations, including those relating to climate change, air emissions, cooling water intake structures, coal combustion byproducts, and other laws and regulations that we are, or could become, subject to, which could increase our costs, result in an impairment of our assets, cause us to limit or terminate the operation of certain of our facilities, or otherwise have a negative financial effect;
legal and administrative proceedings and settlements;
general industry trends;
economic conditions, including the impact of anany recession or economic downturn;
pandemics (including COVID-19), weather conditions including(including drought and limitations on access to water,water), and other natural phenomena, and the financial and operational impacts related thereto;
acts of sabotage, wars or terrorist or cybersecurity threats or activities;
risk of contract performance claims by us or our counterparties, and risks of, or costs associated with, pursuing or defending such claims;
our ability to collect trade receivables from counterparties;counterparties in the amount or at the time expected, if at all;
our ability to attract, retain and retain profitableprofitably serve customers;
our ability to profitably serve our customers;
restrictions on competitive retail pricing;pricing or direct-selling businesses;
adverse publicity associated with our retail products or direct selling businesses, including our ability to address the marketplace and regulators regarding our compliance with applicable laws;
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changes in wholesale electricity prices or energy commodity prices, including the price of natural gas;
changes in prices of transportation of natural gas, coal, fuel oil and other refined products;
sufficiency of, access to, and costs associated with coal, fuel oil, and natural gas inventories and transportation and storage thereof;

changes in the ability of vendors to provide or deliver commodities as needed;
beliefs and assumptions about the benefits of state- or federal-based subsidies to our market competition, and the corresponding impacts on us, including if such subsidies are disproportionately available to our competitors;
the effects of, or changes to, market design and the power and capacity procurement processes in the markets in which we operate;
changes in market heat rates in the CAISO, ERCOT, ISO-NE, MISO, NYISO and PJM electricity markets;
our ability to effectively hedge against unfavorable commodity prices, including the price of natural gas, market heat rates and interest rates;
population growth or decline, or changes in market supply or demand and demographic patterns, particularly in ERCOT, MISO and PJM;
our ability to mitigate forced outage risk, including managing risk associated with Capacity Performance in PJM and performance incentives in ISO-NE;
efforts to identify opportunities to reduce congestion and improve busbar power prices;
access to adequate transmission facilities to meet changing demands;
changes in interest rates, commodity prices, rates of inflation or foreign exchange rates;
changes in operating expenses, liquidity needs and capital expenditures;
commercial bank market and capital market conditions and the potential impact of disruptions in U.S. and international credit markets;
access to capital, the attractiveness of the cost and other terms of such capital and the success of financing and refinancing efforts, including availability of funds in capital markets;
our ability to maintain prudent financial leverage;leverage and achieve our capital allocation objectives;
our ability to generate sufficient cash flow to make principal and interest payments in respect of, or refinance, our debt obligations;
our expectation that we will continue to pay a comparable cash dividend on a quarterly basis;
our ability to implement our growth strategy, including the completion and integration of mergers, acquisitions and/or joint venture activity and identification and completion of sales and divestitures activity;
competition for new energy development and other business opportunities;
inability of various counterparties to meet their obligations with respect to our financial instruments;
counterparties' collateral demands and other factors affecting our liquidity position and financial condition;
changes in technology (including large scale electricity storage) used by and services offered by us;
changes in electricity transmission that allow additional power generation to compete with our generation assets;
our ability to attract and retain qualified employees;
significant changes in our relationship with our employees, including the availability of qualified personnel, and the potential adverse effects if labor disputes or grievances were to occur;occur or changes in laws or regulations relating to independent contractor status;
changes in assumptions used to estimate costs of providing employee benefits, including medical and dental benefits, pension and other postretirement employee benefits, and future funding requirements related thereto, including joint and several liability exposure under ERISA;
hazards customary to the industry and the possibility that we may not have adequate insurance to cover losses resulting from such hazards;
the impact of our obligations under the TRA;
our ability to optimize our assets through targeted investment in cost-effective technology enhancements and operations performance initiatives;
our ability to effectively and efficiently plan, prepare for and execute expected asset retirements and reclamation obligations and the impacts thereof;
our ability to successfully complete the integration of the businesses ofacquired by Vistra Energy and Dynegy and our ability to successfully capture the full amount of projected synergies relating to the Merger;
our ability to successfully integrate the Crius business and our ability to successfully capture the full amount of projected operational and financial synergies relating to the Crius Transaction,such transactions, and
actions by credit rating agencies.

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Any forward-looking statement speaks only at the date on which it is made, and except as may be required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which it is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events or circumstances. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict them. In addition, we may be unable to assess the impact of any such event or condition or the extent to which any such event or condition, or combination of events or conditions, may cause results to differ materially from those contained in or implied by any forward-looking statement. As such, you should not unduly rely on such forward-looking statements.


INDUSTRY AND MARKET INFORMATION

Certain industry and market data and other statistical information used throughout this report are based on independent industry publications, government publications, reports by market research firms or other published independent sources, including certain data published by CAISO, ERCOT, ISO-NE, MISO, NYISO, PJM, the environmental regulatory bodies of states in which we operate and NYMEX. We did not commission any of these publications, reports or other sources. Some data is also based on good faith estimates, which are derived from our review of internal surveys, as well as the independent sources listed above. Industry publications, reports and other sources generally state that they have obtained information from sources believed to be reliable, but do not guarantee the accuracy and completeness of such information. While we believe that each of these studies, publications, reports and other sources is reliable, we have not independently investigated or verified the information contained or referred to therein and make no representation as to the accuracy or completeness of such information. Forecasts are particularly likely to be inaccurate, especially over long periods of time, and we do not know what assumptions were used in preparing such forecasts. Statements regarding industry and market data and other statistical information used throughout this report involve risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors.

Item 4.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Item 4.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

An evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15a-15(e) of the Exchange Act) in effect at June 30, 2020. On the endAmbit Acquisition Date, we completed the Ambit Transaction. Vistra is currently in the process of integrating certain processes, technology and operations of Ambit, and will continue to evaluate the current period included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.impact of any related changes to the internal control over financial reporting. Based on the evaluation performed, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective. During the fiscal quarter covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, other than the changes resulting from the Ambit Transaction, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15a-15(e) of the Exchange Act) that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. Furthermore, with respect to the fiscal quarter covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, we have not experienced any material impact to our internal controls over financial reporting due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We are continually monitoring and assessing the design and operating effectiveness of our internal controls in light of the COVID-19 situation and the fact that the majority of our employees that do not work in our power generation facilities are working remotely.



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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Item 1.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Reference is made to the discussion in Note 1312 to the Financial Statements regarding legal proceedings.



Item 1A.RISK FACTORS

Item 1A.RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes to theour risk factors discusseddisclosed in Part I, Item 1A.our 2019 Form 10-K, except as set forth below.

The outbreak of COVID-19, or the future outbreak of any other highly infectious or contagious diseases, could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted economic activity and conditions worldwide, and we are responding to the outbreak by taking steps to mitigate the potential risks to us posed by its spread.We continue to examine the impacts of the pandemic on our workforce, liquidity, reliability, cybersecurity, customers, suppliers, along with other macroeconomic conditions and cannot currently predict whether COVID-19 will have a material impact on our results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows.

Because we are deemed a critical infrastructure provider that provides a critical service to our customers, we must keep our employees who operate our businesses safe and minimize unnecessary risk of exposure.We have updated and implemented our company-wide pandemic plan to address specific aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic.This plan guides our emergency response, business continuity, and the precautionary measures we are taking on behalf of employees and the public.We will continue to monitor developments affecting both our workforce and our customers, and we will take additional precautions that we determine are necessary in order to mitigate the impacts.In particular, we have taken extra precautions for our employees who work in the field and for employees who continue to work in our facilities including requiring, for both employees and contractors, social distancing where possible and requiring the use of appropriate personal protective equipment in certain circumstances.We have implemented work-from-home policies and other safety measures where appropriate, including, but not limited to, temperature testing at all of our locations for employees, contractors, and other essential visitors and closing our facilities to non-essential visitors.While our systems and operations remain vulnerable to cyber-attacks and other disruptions due in part to the fact that a portion of our workforce continues to work remotely, we have implemented physical and cyber-security measures to ensure that our systems remain functional in order to both serve our operational needs with a remote workforce and keep them running to ensure uninterrupted service to our customers.We will continue to review and modify our plans as conditions change.

Measures to control the spread of COVID-19, including restrictions on travel, public gatherings, and certain business operations, have affected the demand for the products and services of many businesses in the areas in which we operate and disrupted supply chains around the world.The full scope and extent of the impacts of COVID-19 on our operations are unknown at this time.However, COVID-19 or another pandemic could have material and adverse effects on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows due to, among other factors, a protracted slowdown of broad sectors of the economy, changes in demand or supply for commodities, significant changes in legislation or regulatory policy to address the pandemic (including moratoriums or conditions or disconnections and limits or restrictions or late fees), reduced demand for electricity (particularly from commercial and industrial customers), increased late or uncollectible customer payments, and the inability of the Company's contractors, suppliers, and other business partners to fulfill their contractual obligations.

Despite our efforts to manage these impacts to the Company, their ultimate impact also depends on factors beyond our knowledge or control, including the duration and severity of this outbreak as well as third-party actions taken to contain its spread and mitigate its public health effects.To the extent COVID-19 adversely affects our business and financial results, it may also have the effect of hastening, heightening, or increasing the negative impacts of, many of the other risks described in this Risk Factors section and in our annual report on2019 Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. Our business operations could also be affected by additional factors that are not presently known to us or that we currently consider to be immaterial to our operations.10-K.


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Item 2.UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Item 2.UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

The following table provides information about our repurchase of equity securities that are registered by us pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act during the quarter ended June 30, 2019.2020.
Total Number of Shares PurchasedAverage Price Paid per ShareTotal Number of Shares Purchased as Part of a Publicly Announced ProgramMaximum Dollar Amount of Shares that may yet be Purchased under the Program (in millions)
April 1 - April 30, 2020— $— — $332 
May 1 - May 31, 2020— $— — $332 
June 1 - June 30, 2020— $— — $332 
For the quarter ended June 30, 2020— $— — $332 
  Total Number of Shares Purchased Average Price Paid per Share Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of a Publicly Announced Program Maximum Dollar Amount of Shares that may yet be Purchased under the Program (in millions)
April 1 - April 30, 2019 1,711,887
 $26.17
 1,711,887
 $691
May 1 - May 31, 2019 3,352,842
 $24.92
 3,352,842
 $608
June 1 - June 30, 2019 3,493,983
 $23.81
 3,493,983
 $524
For the quarter ended June 30, 2019 8,558,712
 $24.72
 8,558,712
 $524

In June 2018, we announced that the Board had authorized a share repurchase program under which up to $500 million of our outstanding common stock may be purchased, and in November 2018, we announced that the Board had authorized an incremental share repurchase program under which up to $1.250 billion of our outstanding stock may be purchased, resulting in an aggregate $1.750 billion share repurchase program. We intendprogram (Share Repurchase Program). The Share Repurchase Program has no set expiration date and will continue until complete or terminated by the Board. At June 30, 2020, $332 million was available for additional repurchases under the Share Repurchase Program. See Note 13 to implement the program opportunistically from time to time in 2019 and 2020.Financial Statements for more information concerning the Share Repurchase Program.

SharesAny purchases of shares of the Company's stock will be repurchased from time to time in open market transactions at prevailing market prices, in privately negotiated transactions, pursuant to plans complying with Rule 10b5-1 and 10b-18 under the Exchange Act of 1934 or by other means in accordance with federal securities laws. The actual timing, number and value of shares repurchased under the Share Repurchase Program or otherwise will be determined at our discretion and will depend on a number of factors, including our capital allocation priorities, the market price of our stock, general market and economic conditions, applicable legal requirements and compliance with the terms of our debt agreements.agreements and the Tax Matters Agreement.


Item 3.DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
Item 3.DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.



Item 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Item 4.MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Vistra Energy currently owns and operates, or is in the process of reclaiming, 12 surface lignite coal mines in Texas to provide fuel for its electricity generation facilities. Vistra Energy also owns or leases, and is in the process of reclaiming, two waste-to-energy surface facilities in Pennsylvania. These mining operations are regulated by the U.S. Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA)MSHA under the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977, as amended (the Mine Act), as well as other federal and state regulatory agencies such as the RCT and Office of Surface Mining. The MSHA inspects U.S. mines, including Vistra Energy'sVistra's mines, on a regular basis, and if it believes a violation of the Mine Act or any health or safety standard or other regulation has occurred, it may issue a citation or order, generally accompanied by a proposed fine or assessment. Such citations and orders can be contested and appealed, which often results in a reduction of the severity and amount of fines and assessments and sometimes results in dismissal. Disclosure of MSHA citations, orders and proposed assessments are provided in Exhibit 95.1 to this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.


Item 5.OTHER INFORMATION

None


77

Item 6. EXHIBITS

(a) Exhibits filed or furnished as part of Part II are: 

ExhibitsPreviously Filed With File Number*
As
Exhibit
(3(i))Articles of Incorporation
3.1001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed May 4, 2020)
3.1
3.2001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed June 29, 2020)
3.1
(3(ii))Bylaws
3.2001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed June 29, 2020)
3.2
(4)Instruments Defining the Rights of Security Holders, Including Indentures
4.1001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed July 16, 2020)
4.1
(31)Rule 13a-14(a) / 15d-14(a) Certifications
31.1**
31.2**
(32)Section 1350 Certifications
32.1***
32.2***
(95)Mine Safety Disclosures
95.1**
78

Item 5.ExhibitsOTHER INFORMATION

None

Previously Filed With File Number*
As
Exhibit
Item 6.EXHIBITS

XBRL Data Files
(a)Exhibits filed or furnished as part of Part II are:
Exhibits Previously Filed With File Number* 
As
Exhibit
    
         
(4) Instruments Defining the Rights of Security Holders, Including Indentures
         
4.1 
001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed June 17, 2019)
 4.1  
         
4.2 
001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed June 17, 2019)
 4.2  
         
4.3 
001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed June 17, 2019)
 4.3  
         
4.4 
001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed June 17, 2019)
 4.4  
         
4.5 
001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed June 17, 2019)
 4.5  
         
4.6 
001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed June 17, 2019)
 4.6  
         
4.7 
001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed June 24, 2019)
 4.1  
         
4.8 
001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed June 24, 2019)
 4.2  
         
4.9 
001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed June 24, 2019)
 4.3  
         
4.10 
001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed April 5, 2019)
 4.1  
         
4.11 
001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed April 5, 2019)
 4.2  
         
4.12 **    
         

Exhibits Previously Filed With File Number* 
As
Exhibit
    
4.13 **    
         
4.14 
001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed July 19, 2019)
 4.1  
         
4.15 
001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed July 19, 2019)
 4.2  
         
(10) Material Contracts
         
10.1 
001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed May 29, 2019)
 10.1  
         
10.2 
001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed June 7, 2019)
 10.1  
         
10.3 
001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed June 7, 2019)
 10.2  
         
10.4 
001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed May 23, 2019)
 10.1  
         
10.5 
001-38086
Form 10-Q (Quarter ended March 31, 2019)
(filed May 3, 2019)
 10.5  
         
10.6 
001-38086
Form 8-K
(filed May 28, 2019)
 10.1  
         
(31) Rule 13a-14(a) / 15d-14(a) Certifications
         
31.1 **    
         
31.2 **    
         
(32) Section 1350 Certifications
         
32.1 ***    
         

Exhibits101.INSPreviously Filed With File Number***
As
Exhibit
The following financial information from Vistra Corp.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2020 formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) includes: (i) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and (v) the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
32.2***
101.SCH**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
(95)Mine Safety Disclosures
101.CAL**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
95.1**
101.DEF**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
XBRL Data Files
101.LAB**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.INS
101.PRE**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104**The XBRL Instance DocumentCover Page Interactive Data File does not appear in the Interactive Data FileExhibit 104 because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

101.SCH**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Document
101.DEF**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Document
101.LAB**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Document
101.PRE**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Documentdocument
____________________
*Incorporated herein by reference
**Filed herewith
***Furnished herewith

* Incorporated herein by reference
** Filed herewith
*** Furnished herewith
**** Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
79

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Vistra Corp.
By:Vistra Energy Corp.
By:/s/ CHRISTY DOBRY
Name:Christy Dobry
Title:Vice President and Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer)

Date: August 5, 2020
Date: August 2, 2019



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