UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
 FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 20202021
OR
Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the transition period from __________ to __________
Commission File Number: 001-38352
adt-20210930_g1.jpg
ADT Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware47-4116383
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
1501 Yamato Road
Boca Raton, Florida 33431
(561) 988-3600
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code, Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading SymbolName of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per shareADTNew York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes x   No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes x  No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filerAccelerated filer
Non-accelerated filerSmaller reporting company
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes      No  
As of October 29, 2020,November 3, 2021, there were 761,101,931767,022,483 shares outstanding (excluding 9,611,7709,503,668 unvested shares of unvested shares)common stock) of the registrant’s common stock, $0.01 par value per share, and 54,744,525 shares outstanding of the registrant’s Class B common stock, $0.01 par value per share.



TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page



PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
ADT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(in thousands, except share and per share data) 
September 30, 2020December 31, 2019September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
AssetsAssetsAssets
Current assets:Current assets:Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalentsCash and cash equivalents$489,433 $48,736 Cash and cash equivalents$61,207 $204,998 
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $64,478 and $44,337, respectively289,680 287,243 
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $60,110 and $68,342, respectivelyAccounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $60,110 and $68,342, respectively363,060 336,033 
Inventories, netInventories, net155,159 104,219 Inventories, net214,205 174,839 
Work-in-progressWork-in-progress45,238 34,183 Work-in-progress55,176 41,312 
Prepaid expenses and other current assetsPrepaid expenses and other current assets200,401 151,102 Prepaid expenses and other current assets178,015 210,212 
Total current assetsTotal current assets1,179,911 625,483 Total current assets871,663 967,394 
Property and equipment, netProperty and equipment, net324,201 328,731 Property and equipment, net334,862 325,716 
Subscriber system assets, netSubscriber system assets, net2,649,718 2,739,296 Subscriber system assets, net2,817,855 2,663,228 
Intangible assets, netIntangible assets, net6,046,728 6,669,645 Intangible assets, net5,520,747 5,906,690 
GoodwillGoodwill5,217,275 4,959,658 Goodwill5,244,942 5,236,302 
Deferred subscriber acquisition costs, netDeferred subscriber acquisition costs, net611,334 513,320 Deferred subscriber acquisition costs, net796,574 654,019 
Other assetsOther assets336,900 247,519 Other assets435,279 363,587 
Total assetsTotal assets$16,366,067 $16,083,652 Total assets$16,021,922 $16,116,936 
Liabilities and stockholders' equityLiabilities and stockholders' equityLiabilities and stockholders' equity
Current liabilities:Current liabilities:Current liabilities:
Current maturities of long-term debtCurrent maturities of long-term debt$69,035 $58,049 Current maturities of long-term debt$101,358 $44,764 
Accounts payableAccounts payable273,100 241,954 Accounts payable361,020 321,595 
Deferred revenueDeferred revenue341,146 342,359 Deferred revenue339,182 345,582 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilitiesAccrued expenses and other current liabilities566,167 477,366 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities607,276 584,151 
Total current liabilitiesTotal current liabilities1,249,448 1,119,728 Total current liabilities1,408,836 1,296,092 
Long-term debtLong-term debt9,675,430 9,634,226 Long-term debt9,508,341 9,447,780 
Deferred subscriber acquisition revenueDeferred subscriber acquisition revenue768,356 673,625 Deferred subscriber acquisition revenue1,098,769 832,166 
Deferred tax liabilitiesDeferred tax liabilities1,002,916 1,166,269 Deferred tax liabilities900,388 990,899 
Other liabilitiesOther liabilities531,441 305,435 Other liabilities365,272 510,663 
Total liabilitiesTotal liabilities13,227,591 12,899,283 Total liabilities13,281,606 13,077,600 
Commitments and contingencies (See Note 12)Commitments and contingencies (See Note 12)Commitments and contingencies (See Note 12)00
Stockholders' equity:Stockholders' equity:Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock—authorized 1,000,000 and 250,000 shares of $0.01 par value as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively; 0 issued and outstanding.
Common stock—authorized 3,999,000,000 shares of $0.01 par value; issued and outstanding shares of 770,723,162 and 753,622,044 as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively7,707 7,536 
Class B common stock—authorized 100,000,000 and 0 shares of $0.01 par value as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively; issued and outstanding shares of 54,744,525 and 0 as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.547 
Preferred stock—authorized 1,000,000 shares of $0.01 par value; 0 issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.Preferred stock—authorized 1,000,000 shares of $0.01 par value; 0 issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.— — 
Common stock—authorized 3,999,000,000 shares of $0.01 par value; issued and outstanding shares of 776,410,398 and 771,013,638 as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.Common stock—authorized 3,999,000,000 shares of $0.01 par value; issued and outstanding shares of 776,410,398 and 771,013,638 as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.7,764 7,710 
Class B common stock—authorized 100,000,000 shares of $0.01 par value; issued and outstanding shares of 54,744,525 as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.Class B common stock—authorized 100,000,000 shares of $0.01 par value; issued and outstanding shares of 54,744,525 as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.547 547 
Additional paid-in capitalAdditional paid-in capital6,613,866 5,977,402 Additional paid-in capital6,677,875 6,640,763 
Accumulated deficitAccumulated deficit(3,349,356)(2,742,193)Accumulated deficit(3,862,964)(3,491,069)
Accumulated other comprehensive lossAccumulated other comprehensive loss(134,288)(58,376)Accumulated other comprehensive loss(82,906)(118,615)
Total stockholders' equityTotal stockholders' equity3,138,476 3,184,369 Total stockholders' equity2,740,316 3,039,336 
Total liabilities and stockholders' equityTotal liabilities and stockholders' equity$16,366,067 $16,083,652 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity$16,021,922 $16,116,936 
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
1



ADT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
(in thousands, except per share data)
For the Three Months EndedFor the Nine Months EndedThree Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
September 30, 2020September 30, 2019September 30, 2020September 30, 20192021202020212020
Monitoring and related servicesMonitoring and related services$1,045,677 $1,093,564 $3,133,013 $3,249,401 Monitoring and related services$1,098,389 $1,045,677 $3,244,675 $3,133,013 
Installation and otherInstallation and other253,247 207,006 867,050 577,973 Installation and other218,613 253,247 681,448 867,050 
Total revenueTotal revenue1,298,924 1,300,570 4,000,063 3,827,374 Total revenue1,317,002 1,298,924 3,926,123 4,000,063 
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)357,895 356,556 1,142,228 1,020,603 Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)371,985 357,895 1,134,736 1,142,228 
Selling, general and administrative expenses410,933 378,645 1,278,191 1,047,818 
Selling, general, and administrative expensesSelling, general, and administrative expenses448,634 410,914 1,343,872 1,278,929 
Depreciation and intangible asset amortizationDepreciation and intangible asset amortization473,346 505,832 1,440,239 1,502,574 Depreciation and intangible asset amortization480,010 473,346 1,424,090 1,440,239 
Merger, restructuring, integration, and otherMerger, restructuring, integration, and other(6,117)9,800 114,715 23,069 Merger, restructuring, integration, and other(6,723)(6,117)18,588 114,715 
Goodwill impairment45,482 45,482 
Loss on sale of business(19)55,489 738 55,489 
Operating income (loss)62,886 (51,234)23,952 132,339 
Operating incomeOperating income23,096 62,886 4,837 23,952 
Interest expense, netInterest expense, net(156,759)(152,431)(569,391)(465,977)Interest expense, net(133,275)(156,759)(347,524)(569,391)
Loss on extinguishment of debtLoss on extinguishment of debt(48,916)(14,532)(114,759)(103,004)Loss on extinguishment of debt(36,957)(48,916)(37,113)(114,759)
Other incomeOther income1,992 200 6,572 2,909 Other income1,511 1,992 4,847 6,572 
Loss before income taxesLoss before income taxes(140,797)(217,997)(653,626)(433,733)Loss before income taxes(145,625)(140,797)(374,953)(653,626)
Income tax benefitIncome tax benefit27,699 36,367 133,494 81,576 Income tax benefit36,496 27,699 92,080 133,494 
Net lossNet loss$(113,098)$(181,630)$(520,132)$(352,157)Net loss$(109,129)$(113,098)$(282,873)$(520,132)
Net (loss) income per share - basic:Net (loss) income per share - basic:Net (loss) income per share - basic:
Common stockCommon stock$(0.15)$(0.25)$(0.68)$(0.47)Common stock$(0.13)$(0.15)$(0.35)$(0.68)
Class B common stockClass B common stock$0.05 $$(0.10)$Class B common stock$(0.13)$0.05 $(0.35)$(0.10)
Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic:Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic:Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic:
Common stockCommon stock760,913 739,852 760,203 748,500 Common stock766,814 760,913 765,162 760,203 
Class B common stockClass B common stock8,331 2,797 Class B common stock54,745 8,331 54,745 2,797 
Net loss per share - diluted:Net loss per share - diluted:Net loss per share - diluted:
Common stockCommon stock$(0.15)$(0.25)$(0.68)$(0.47)Common stock$(0.13)$(0.15)$(0.35)$(0.68)
Class B common stockClass B common stock$(0.07)$$(0.44)$Class B common stock$(0.13)$(0.07)$(0.35)$(0.44)
Weighted-average shares outstanding - diluted:Weighted-average shares outstanding - diluted:Weighted-average shares outstanding - diluted:
Common stockCommon stock760,913 739,852 760,203 748,500 Common stock766,814 760,913 765,162 760,203 
Class B common stockClass B common stock16,640 5,587 Class B common stock54,745 16,640 54,745 5,587 
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
2



ADT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(Unaudited)
(in thousands)
For the Three Months EndedFor the Nine Months EndedThree Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
September 30, 2020September 30, 2019September 30, 2020September 30, 20192021202020212020
Net lossNet loss$(113,098)$(181,630)$(520,132)$(352,157)Net loss$(109,129)$(113,098)$(282,873)$(520,132)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Cash flow hedgesCash flow hedges11,607 (5,876)(75,891)(56,075)Cash flow hedges11,790 11,607 34,827 (75,891)
Foreign currency translation(6,340)13,711 
Defined benefit pension plansDefined benefit pension plans(16)(17)(21)(29)Defined benefit pension plans(2)(16)882 (21)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxTotal other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax11,591 (12,233)(75,912)(42,393)Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax11,788 11,591 35,709 (75,912)
Comprehensive lossComprehensive loss$(101,507)$(193,863)$(596,044)$(394,550)Comprehensive loss$(97,341)$(101,507)$(247,164)$(596,044)
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
3



ADT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited)
(in thousands)
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
Number of Common SharesNumber of Class B Common SharesCommon StockClass B Common StockAdditional
Paid-In
Capital
Accumulated
Deficit
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Total
Stockholders'
Equity
Number of Common SharesCommon StockAdditional
Paid-In
Capital
Accumulated
Deficit
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Total
Stockholders'
Equity
Balances at beginning of period770,429 $7,704 $$6,139,135 $(3,206,845)$(145,879)$2,794,115 746,360 $7,464 $5,888,576 $(1,904,242)$(101,939)$3,889,859 
Net loss— — — — — (113,098)— (113,098)— — — (181,630)— (181,630)
Other
    comprehensive
    income (loss),
    net of tax
— — — — — — 11,591 11,591 — — — — (12,233)(12,233)
Issuance of
    common
    stock, net of
    related fees
54,745 547 447,088 — — 447,635 — — 
Dividends,
    including
    dividends
    reinvested
    in common
    stock
(28,963)— (28,959)3,740 37 22,526 (26,253)— (3,690)
Share-based
    compensation
    expense
— — 26,431 — — 26,431 — 18,876 — — 18,876 
Other293 1,208 (450)— 761 (68)(1)196 (193)— 
Balances at end of period770,723 54,745 $7,707 $547 $6,613,866 $(3,349,356)$(134,288)$3,138,476 750,032 $7,500 $5,930,174 $(2,112,318)$(114,172)$3,711,184 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Number of Common SharesNumber of Class B Common SharesCommon StockClass B Common StockAdditional Paid-In CapitalAccumulated DeficitAccumulated Other Comprehensive LossTotal Stockholders' Equity
Beginning balance776,310 54,745 $7,763 $547 $6,665,145 $(3,724,139)$(94,694)$2,854,622 
Net loss— — — — — (109,129)— (109,129)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax— — — — — — 11,788 11,788 
Dividends— — — — — (29,186)— (29,186)
Share-based compensation expense— — — — 16,242 — — 16,242 
Transactions related to employee share-based compensation plans and other100 — — (3,512)(510)— (4,021)
Ending balance776,410 54,745 $7,764 $547 $6,677,875 $(3,862,964)$(82,906)$2,740,316 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Number of Common SharesNumber of Class B Common SharesCommon StockClass B Common StockAdditional Paid-In CapitalAccumulated DeficitAccumulated Other Comprehensive LossTotal Stockholders' Equity
Beginning balance770,429 — $7,704 $— $6,139,135 $(3,206,845)$(145,879)$2,794,115 
Net loss— — — — — (113,098)— (113,098)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax— — — — — — 11,591 11,591 
Issuance of common stock, net of expenses— 54,745 — 547 447,088 — — 447,635 
Dividends, including dividends reinvested in common stock— — — (28,963)— (28,959)
Share-based compensation expense— — — — 26,431 — — 26,431 
Transactions related to employee share-based compensation plans and other293 — — 1,208 (450)— 761 
Ending balance770,723 54,745 $7,707 $547 $6,613,866 $(3,349,356)$(134,288)$3,138,476 
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements









4



ADT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited)
(in thousands)
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
Number of Common SharesNumber of Class B Common SharesCommon StockClass B Common StockAdditional
Paid-In
Capital
Accumulated
Deficit
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Total
Stockholders'
Equity
Number of Common SharesCommon StockAdditional
Paid-In
Capital
Accumulated
Deficit
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Total
Stockholders'
Equity
Balances at beginning of period753,622 $7,536 $$5,977,402 $(2,742,193)$(58,376)$3,184,369 766,881 $7,669 $5,969,347 $(1,680,432)$(71,779)$4,224,805 
Adoption of
    accounting
    standard,
 net of tax
— — — — — (2,157)— (2,157)— — — — 
Net loss— — — — — (520,132)— (520,132)— — — (352,157)— (352,157)
Other
    comprehensive
    loss, net of
    tax
— — — — — — (75,912)(75,912)— — — — (42,393)(42,393)
Issuance of
    common stock,
    net of related
    fees
16,279 54,745 163 547 560,766 — — 561,476 — — 
Repurchases
    of common
    stock
(1)(4)— (4)(23,883)(239)(149,629)— (149,868)
Dividends,
    including
    dividends
    reinvested
    in common
    stock
11 (82,847)— (82,836)7,147 71 44,933 (79,346)— (34,342)
Share-based
    compensation
    expense
— — 74,758 — — 74,758 — 65,126 — — 65,126 
Other821 933 (2,027)(1,086)(113)(1)397 (383)— 13 
Balances at end of period770,723 54,745 $7,707 $547 $6,613,866 $(3,349,356)$(134,288)$3,138,476 750,032 $7,500 $5,930,174 $(2,112,318)$(114,172)$3,711,184 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Number of Common SharesNumber of Class B Common SharesCommon StockClass B Common StockAdditional Paid-In CapitalAccumulated DeficitAccumulated Other Comprehensive LossTotal Stockholders' Equity
Beginning balance771,014 54,745 $7,710 $547 $6,640,763 $(3,491,069)$(118,615)$3,039,336 
Net loss— — — — — (282,873)— (282,873)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax— — — — — — 35,709 35,709 
Dividends, including dividends reinvested in common stock— — — — (87,506)— (87,502)
Share-based compensation expense— — — — 45,848 — — 45,848 
Transactions related to employee share-based compensation plans and other5,396 — 54 — (8,740)(1,516)— (10,202)
Ending balance776,410 54,745 $7,764 $547 $6,677,875 $(3,862,964)$(82,906)$2,740,316 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Number of Common SharesNumber of Class B Common SharesCommon StockClass B Common StockAdditional Paid-In CapitalAccumulated DeficitAccumulated Other Comprehensive LossTotal Stockholders' Equity
Beginning balance753,622 — $7,536 $— $5,977,402 $(2,742,193)$(58,376)$3,184,369 
Adoption of accounting standard, net of tax— — — — — (2,157)— (2,157)
Net loss— — — — — (520,132)— (520,132)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax— — — — — — (75,912)(75,912)
Issuance of common stock, net of expenses16,279 54,745 163 547 560,766 — — 561,476 
Dividends, including dividends reinvested in common stock— — — 11 (82,847)— (82,836)
Share-based compensation expense— — — — 74,758 — — 74,758 
Transactions related to employee share-based compensation plans and other820 — — 929 (2,027)— (1,090)
Ending balance770,723 54,745 $7,707 $547 $6,613,866 $(3,349,356)$(134,288)$3,138,476 
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
5



ADT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(in thousands)
For the Nine Months EndedNine Months Ended September 30,
September 30, 2020September 30, 201920212020
Cash flows from operating activities:Cash flows from operating activities:Cash flows from operating activities:
Net lossNet loss$(520,132)$(352,157)Net loss$(282,873)$(520,132)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and intangible asset amortizationDepreciation and intangible asset amortization1,440,239 1,502,574 Depreciation and intangible asset amortization1,424,090 1,440,239 
Amortization of deferred subscriber acquisition costsAmortization of deferred subscriber acquisition costs70,226 58,544 Amortization of deferred subscriber acquisition costs91,364 70,226 
Amortization of deferred subscriber acquisition revenueAmortization of deferred subscriber acquisition revenue(90,346)(78,506)Amortization of deferred subscriber acquisition revenue(122,908)(90,346)
Share-based compensation expenseShare-based compensation expense74,758 65,126 Share-based compensation expense45,848 74,758 
Deferred income taxesDeferred income taxes(147,007)(86,339)Deferred income taxes(101,986)(147,007)
Provision for losses on receivables and inventoryProvision for losses on receivables and inventory99,019 42,248 Provision for losses on receivables and inventory29,579 99,019 
Loss on extinguishment of debtLoss on extinguishment of debt114,759 103,004 Loss on extinguishment of debt37,113 114,759 
Goodwill impairment45,482 
Loss on sale of business738 55,489 
Unrealized loss on interest rate swap contracts89,589 9,380 
Intangible asset impairmentsIntangible asset impairments17,883 — 
Unrealized (gain) loss on interest rate swap contractsUnrealized (gain) loss on interest rate swap contracts(115,090)89,589 
Other non-cash items, netOther non-cash items, net102,950 94,504 Other non-cash items, net99,654 103,688 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of the effects of acquisitions and dispositions:
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions:Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions:
Deferred subscriber acquisition costsDeferred subscriber acquisition costs(170,247)(147,865)Deferred subscriber acquisition costs(234,715)(170,247)
Deferred subscriber acquisition revenueDeferred subscriber acquisition revenue124,621 201,869 Deferred subscriber acquisition revenue201,541 124,621 
Other, netOther, net(195,898)(54,104)Other, net65,853 (195,898)
Net cash provided by operating activitiesNet cash provided by operating activities993,269 1,459,249 Net cash provided by operating activities1,155,353 993,269 
Cash flows from investing activities:Cash flows from investing activities:Cash flows from investing activities:
Dealer generated customer accounts and bulk account purchasesDealer generated customer accounts and bulk account purchases(265,131)(514,487)Dealer generated customer accounts and bulk account purchases(512,304)(265,131)
Subscriber system asset expendituresSubscriber system asset expenditures(272,512)(430,586)Subscriber system asset expenditures(518,780)(272,512)
Purchases of property and equipmentPurchases of property and equipment(112,317)(120,140)Purchases of property and equipment(126,678)(112,317)
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquiredAcquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired(182,154)(95,312)Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired(16,411)(182,154)
Sale of business, net of cash sold(2,448)
Other investing, netOther investing, net34,287 3,604 Other investing, net3,524 31,839 
Net cash used in investing activitiesNet cash used in investing activities(800,275)(1,156,921)Net cash used in investing activities(1,170,649)(800,275)
Cash flows from financing activities:Cash flows from financing activities:Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common stockProceeds from issuance of common stock450,000 Proceeds from issuance of common stock— 450,000 
Proceeds from long-term borrowingsProceeds from long-term borrowings2,640,000 3,378,022 Proceeds from long-term borrowings1,010,729 2,640,000 
Proceeds from receivables facilityProceeds from receivables facility43,748 Proceeds from receivables facility117,922 43,748 
Repayment of long-term borrowings, including call premiumsRepayment of long-term borrowings, including call premiums(2,748,095)(3,650,082)Repayment of long-term borrowings, including call premiums(1,074,689)(2,748,095)
Repayment of receivables facilityRepayment of receivables facility(2,456)Repayment of receivables facility(28,215)(2,456)
Dividends on common stockDividends on common stock(87,164)(80,298)
Dividends on common stock(80,298)(33,855)
Repurchases of common stock(4)(149,868)
Deferred financing costsDeferred financing costs(27,962)(52,733)Deferred financing costs(12,358)(27,962)
Other financing, netOther financing, net(25,777)(1,200)Other financing, net(50,306)(25,781)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities249,156 (509,716)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activitiesNet cash (used in) provided by financing activities(124,081)249,156 
Effect of currency translation on cash821 
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents:Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents:
Net (decrease) increase during the periodNet (decrease) increase during the period(139,377)442,150 
Beginning balanceBeginning balance207,747 48,736 
Ending balanceEnding balance$68,370 $490,886 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents442,150 (206,567)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period48,736 367,162 
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period$490,886 $160,595 
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Issuance of shares in lieu of cash dividend$11 $45,004 
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities not disclosed elsewhere:Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities not disclosed elsewhere:
Issuance of shares for acquisition of businessIssuance of shares for acquisition of business$113,841 $Issuance of shares for acquisition of business$— $113,841 
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
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ADT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Organization and Business
ADT Inc., together with its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”), is a leading provider of security, automation, and smart home solutions serving consumerconsumers and business customersbusinesses in the United States (“U.S.”). ADT Inc. was incorporated in the State of Delaware in May 2015 as a holding company with no assets or liabilities. In July 2015, the Company acquired Protection One, Inc. and ASG Intermediate Holding Corp. (collectively, the “Formation Transactions”), which were instrumental in the commencement of the Company’s operations. In May 2016, the Company acquired The ADT Security Corporation (formerly named The ADT Corporation) (“The ADT Corporation”) (the “ADT Acquisition”). The Company primarily conducts business under the ADT brand name.
In January 2018, the Company completed an initial public offering (“IPO”) and its common stock (“Common Stock”) began trading on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “ADT.”
In September 2020, the Company issued and sold 54,744,525 shares of Class B common stock, par value of $0.01 per share (“Class B Common Stock”), for an aggregate purchase price of $450 million to Google LLC (“Google”) in a private placement pursuant to a securities purchase agreement dated July 31, 2020 (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”).
The Company is majority-ownedmajority owned by Prime Security Services TopCo Parent, L.P. (“Ultimate Parent”). Ultimate Parent is majority-ownedmajority owned by Apollo Investment Fund VIII, L.P. and its related funds that are directly or indirectly managed by affiliates of Apollo Global Management, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries and affiliates, “Apollo” or the “Sponsor”).
Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies
The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires the Company to select accounting policies and make estimates that affect amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. The Company’s estimates are based on the relevant information available at the end of each period. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or market conditions.
COVID-19 Pandemic
During March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of a novel coronavirus as a pandemic (the “COVID-19 Pandemic”), which has become increasingly widespread in the U.S. Containment efforts and responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic have varied by individuals, businesses, and state and local municipalities, and in certain areas of the U.S., initial and precautionary measures helped mitigate the spread of the coronavirus. However, subsequent easing of such measures resulted in the re-emergence of the coronavirus. The COVID-19 Pandemic has had a notable adverse impact on general economic conditions, including but not limited to the temporary closures of many businesses, increased governmental regulations, and reduced consumer spending due to significant unemployment and other effects attributable to the COVID-19 Pandemic. In order to continue to service customers, the Company has adjusted and is continuously evolving certain aspects of its operations to protect employees and customers, which includes (i) detailed protocols for infectious disease safety for employees, (ii) the implementation of daily wellness checks for employees, and (iii) the implementation of work from home actions, including the majority of the Company’s call center professionals.
The Company considered the emergence and pervasive economic impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in its assessment of its financial position, results of operations, cash flows, and certain accounting estimates as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020. Additional information on the impacted estimates is included in the respective footnotes that follow. Due to the evolving and uncertain nature of the COVID-19 Pandemic, it is possible that the effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic could materially impact the Company’s estimates and condensed consolidated financial statements in future reporting periods.
Basis of Presentation and Consolidation
The condensed consolidated financial statements included herein are unaudited, but in the opinion of management, such financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to summarize fairly the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the interim periods presented. The interim results reported in these condensed consolidated financial statements should not be taken as indicative of results that may be expected for future interim periods or the full year. For a more comprehensive understanding of the Company and its interim results, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20192020 (the “2019“2020 Annual
7


Report”), which was filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 10, 2020. TheFebruary 25, 2021. Unless otherwise noted, the Company’s accounting policies used in the preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements do not differ from those used forin the annual consolidated financial statements, unless otherwise noted.statements.
The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 20192020 included herein was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of that date but does not include all the footnote disclosures fromrequired in the annual consolidated financial statements.
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of ADT Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and have been prepared in U.S. dollars in accordance with GAAP. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current period presentation.
The Company has a single operating and reportable segment based onSegment Change
Effective in the first quarter of 2021, the manner in which the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, who is the chief operating decision maker (the “CODM”), evaluates performance and makes decisions about how to allocate resources.resources changed. Therefore, the Company now reports results in two operating and reportable segments, Consumer and Small Business (“CSB”) and Commercial, rather than a single operating and reportable segment. Where applicable, prior periods have been
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retrospectively adjusted to reflect the new operating and reportable segment structure. The accounting policies of the Company’s reportable segments are the same as those of the Company.
The Company organizes its segments based on customer type as follows:
Consumer and Small Business (CSB) - Customers in the CSB segment are comprised of residential homeowners, small business operators, and other individual consumers. The CSB segment primarily includes (i) revenue and operating costs from the sale, installation, servicing, and monitoring of integrated security and automation systems, as well as other offerings such as mobile security and home health solutions; (ii) other operating costs associated with support functions related to these operations; and (iii) general corporate costs and other income and expense items not included in the Commercial segment.
Where applicable, results for the Company’s Canadian operations prior to its sale in the fourth quarter of 2019 are included in the CSB segment based on the primary customer market served in Canada.
Commercial - Customers in the Commercial segment are comprised of larger businesses with more expansive facilities (typically larger than 10,000 square feet) and/or multi-site operations, which often require more sophisticated integrated solutions. The Commercial segment primarily includes (i) revenue and operating costs from the sale, installation, servicing, and monitoring of integrated security and automation systems, fire detection and suppression systems, and other related offerings; (ii) other operating costs associated with support functions related to these operations; and (iii) dedicated corporate and other costs.
Refer to Note 13 “Segment Information” for additional information on the Company’s segments.
COVID-19 Pandemic
During March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of a novel coronavirus as a pandemic (the “COVID-19 Pandemic”). While responses have varied by individuals, businesses, and state and local municipalities, the COVID-19 Pandemic has had certain notable adverse impacts on general economic conditions, including the temporary and permanent closures of many businesses, increased governmental regulations, supply chain disruptions, and changes in consumer spending due to significant unemployment and other effects attributable to the COVID-19 Pandemic. To protect its employees and serve its customers, the Company implemented and is continuously evolving certain measures, such as (i) detailed protocols for infectious disease safety for employees, (ii) employee daily wellness checks, and (iii) certain work from home actions, including for the majority of the Company’s call center professionals.
The Company considered the on-going and pervasive economic impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the assessment of its financial position, results of operations, cash flows, and certain accounting estimates as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. However, the evolving and uncertain nature of the COVID-19 Pandemic, as well as the evolving nature of the regulatory environment which may require vaccine mandates or other actions that could impact the Company’s employee base or impose additional costs on the business, could materially impact the Company’s estimates and financial results in future reporting periods.
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents
All highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less from the time of purchase are considered to be cash equivalents. Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents are cash and cash equivalents that are restricted for a specific purpose and cannot be included in the general cash and cash equivalents account. Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents are reflected in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The following table provides a reconciliation of the amount of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents reported in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as reconciled to the total of the same of such amounts shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:Flows is as follows:
(in thousands)(in thousands)September 30, 2020December 31, 2019(in thousands)September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Cash and cash equivalentsCash and cash equivalents$489,433 $48,736 Cash and cash equivalents$61,207 $204,998 
Restricted cash and cash equivalents in prepaid expenses and other current assets1,453 
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period$490,886 $48,736 
Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalentsRestricted cash and restricted cash equivalents7,163 2,749 
Ending balanceEnding balance$68,370 $207,747 
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Subscriber System Assets, net and Deferred Subscriber Acquisition Costs, net
The Company capitalizes certain costs associated with transactions in which the Company retains ownership of the security system as well as incremental selling expenses related to acquiring customers. These costs include equipment, installation costs, and other incremental costs and are recorded in subscriber system assets, net, and deferred subscriber acquisition costs, net, in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. These assets embody a probable future economic benefit as they contribute to the generation of future monitoring and related services revenue for the Company.
Subscriber system assets represent capitalized equipment and installation costs incurred in connection with transactions in which the Company retains ownership of the security system. Deferred subscriber acquisition costs represent selling expenses (primarily commissions) that are incremental to acquiring customers.
The Company records subscriber system assets and deferred subscriber acquisition costs in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as these assets embody a probable future economic benefit for the Company through the generation of future monitoring and related services revenue. Upon customer termination, the Company may retrieve such assets. Depreciation expense relating to subscriber
Subscriber system assets, is included in depreciation and intangible asset amortizationnet reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations andBalance Sheets was $120 million and $142 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $380 million and $423 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
The gross carrying amount, accumulated depreciation, and net carrying amount of subscriber system assets as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were as follows:
(in thousands)September 30, 2020December 31, 2019
Gross carrying amount$4,683,816 $4,597,908 
Accumulated depreciation(2,034,098)(1,858,612)
Subscriber system assets, net$2,649,718 $2,739,296 
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Deferred subscriber acquisition costs represent incremental selling expenses (primarily commissions) related to acquiring customers. Amortization expense relating to deferred subscriber acquisition costs included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations was $25 million and $21 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $70 million and $59 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
(in thousands)September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Gross carrying amount$5,326,889 $4,815,286 
Accumulated depreciation(2,509,034)(2,152,058)
Subscriber system assets, net$2,817,855 $2,663,228 
Subscriber system assets and any related deferred subscriber acquisition costs resulting from customer acquisitions are accounted for on a pooled basis based on the month and year of customer acquisition. The Company depreciates and amortizes itsthese pooled subscriber system assets and related deferred subscriber acquisition costs using an accelerated method over the estimated life of the customer relationship, which is 15 years.
AccruedDepreciation and amortization of subscriber system assets and deferred subscriber acquisition costs are reflected in depreciation and intangible asset amortization and selling, general, and administrative expenses, respectively, in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)2021202020212020
Depreciation of subscriber system assets$129,131 $120,328 $376,037 $379,819 
Amortization of deferred subscriber acquisition costs$32,534 $24,810 $91,364 $70,226 
0Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets consisted of the following as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:following:
(in thousands)(in thousands)September 30, 2020December 31, 2019(in thousands)September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Accrued interestAccrued interest$66,992 $115,070 Accrued interest$69,863 $123,935 
Payroll-related accrualsPayroll-related accruals139,845 91,944 Payroll-related accruals156,326 99,771 
Operating lease liabilitiesOperating lease liabilities33,085 30,689 
Fair value of interest rate swapsFair value of interest rate swaps61,151 65,462 
Other accrued liabilitiesOther accrued liabilities359,330 270,352 Other accrued liabilities286,851 264,294 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilitiesAccrued expenses and other current liabilities$566,167 $477,366 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities$607,276 $584,151 
Radio Conversion Costs
InDuring 2019, the providers ofCompany commenced a program to replace the 3G and Code-Division Multiple Access (“CDMA”) cellular networks notifiedequipment used in many of its security systems as a result of the cellular network providers notifying the Company that they will be retiring their 3G and CDMA networks during 2022. Accordingly, during 2019
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Radio conversion costs and radio conversion revenue are reflected in selling, general, and administrative expenses and monitoring and related services revenue, respectively, in the Company commenced a program to replace the 3G and CDMA cellular equipment used in manyCondensed Consolidated Statements of its security systems. Operations as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)2021202020212020
Radio conversion costs$61,648 $21,066 $202,075 $50,424 
Radio conversion revenue9,353 8,425 30,416 26,113 
Radio conversion costs, net$52,295 $12,641 $171,659 $24,311 
The Company estimates the rangeit will incur approximately $260 million - $290 million of net costs forrelated to this replacement program, at $200which include costs incurred associated with radio replacements and cellular network conversions net of any related incremental revenue, some of which may be received after the applicable sunset dates. From inception of this program through September 30, 2021, the Company incurred $249 million of net costs.
As of September 30, 2021, the Company provided services to $325 million throughapproximately 480 thousand remaining customer sites transmitting signals via 3G or CDMA networks, which currently have sunset dates in February and December 2022. The Company expects to incur approximately $50 millionany remaining costs through 2022, with the majority of costs expected to $75 millionbe incurred during the fourth quarter of net costs during 2020. These ranges are net of any2021, and expects to continue collecting incremental revenue related to the program through 2023.
During November 2020, the Company collects fromacquired Cell Bounce, a technology company with proprietary radio conversion technology in the form of a user-installable device, which was intended to facilitate the transition of customers associated withon 3G networks in a cost efficient and timely manner. As a result of worldwide shortages for certain electronic components impacting Cell Bounce device production, the Company expects to continue to replace 3G radios primarily using traditional methods and to use Cell Bounce product to complement these radio replacements and cellular network conversions. The Company seeksmethods to minimize these costs by converting customers during routine service visits wheneverthe extent possible. The replacement programcost and pace of replacement are subject to change and may bethe program is influenced by the Company’s ability to access customer sites due to various factors such as the COVID-19 Pandemic,Pandemic; the ability to convert customers during routine service visits whenever possible; cost-sharing opportunities with suppliers, carriers, and customers, as well as newcustomers; and innovative technologies.
Radio conversion revenue associated with the replacement program is included in monitoring and related services revenue in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations while radio conversion costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019,extent to which the Company incurred $21 millionis able to implement its Cell Bounce solution. Any supply chain disruptions may impact the Company’s ability to convert customers prior to the sunset dates, and $12 million of radio conversion costs, respectively, and recognized $8 million and $1 million of incremental radio conversion revenue, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company incurred $50 million and $14 million of radio conversion costs, respectively, and recognized $26 million and $1 million of incremental radio conversionmay see revenue respectively.attrition for any customers not converted by such time.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company’s financial instruments primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents, accounts receivable, retail installment contract receivables, accounts payable, debt, and derivative financial instruments. Due to their short-term and/or liquid nature, the fair values of cash, restricted cash, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate their respective carrying amounts.
Cash Equivalents - Included in cash and cash equivalents are investments in money market mutual funds. The Company had no investments in money market mutual funds which were $264 million as of September 30, 2020. The Company had 0 cash equivalents2021 and $143 million of such investments as of December 31, 2019.2020. These investments are classified as a Level 1 fair value measurement,measurements, which represent unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Retail Installment Contract Receivables - The fair value of the Company’s retail installment contract receivables was determined using a discounted cash flow model. The resulting fair value is classified as a Level 3 fair value measurement.
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The following table presents the carrying amount and fair value of retail installment contract receivables as of the periods presented below:
September 30, 2020
January 1, 2020(1)
(in thousands)Carrying
Amount
Fair
Value
Carrying
Amount
Fair
Value
Retail installment contract receivables, net$108,397 $89,447 $9,743 $8,946 
________________
(1)Balances reflected are subsequent to the adoption of CECL (as defined below) on January 1, 2020.
Long-Term0Long-Term Debt Instruments - The fair valuevalues of the Company’s debt instruments waswere determined using broker-quoted market prices, which represent prices based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities as well as other observable market data. The carrying amountamounts of debt outstanding, if any, under the Company’s revolving credit facility and receivables facility approximate fair valuevalues as interest rates on these borrowings approximate current market rates. The resulting fair value isvalues are classified as a Level 2 fair value measurement.measurements.
The following table presents thetotal carrying amount and fair value of long-term debt instruments subject to fair value disclosures were as of the periods presented below:follows:
September 30, 2020December 31, 2019September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
(in thousands)(in thousands)Carrying
Amount
Fair
Value
Carrying
Amount
Fair
Value
(in thousands)Carrying
Amount
Fair
Value
Carrying
Amount
Fair
Value
Debt instruments, excluding finance lease obligations$9,681,595 $10,137,127 $9,617,491 $10,177,751 
Long-term debt instruments, excluding finance lease obligationsLong-term debt instruments, excluding finance lease obligations$9,535,213 $9,983,945 $9,431,216 $10,127,291 
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Derivative Financial Instruments - Derivative financial instruments are reported at fair value as either assets or liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. These fair values are primarily calculated using discounted cash flow models that utilizeutilizing observable inputs, such as quoted forward interest rates, and incorporate credit risk adjustments to reflect the risk of default by the counterparty or the Company. The resulting fair values are classified as Level 2 fair value measurements.
Retail Installment Contract Receivables, net - The fair value of the Company’s retail installment contract receivables was determined using a discounted cash flow model. The resulting fair value is classified as a Level 23 fair value measurement.
The total carrying amount and fair value of retail installment contract receivables were as follows:
September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
(in thousands)Carrying
Amount
Fair
Value
Carrying
Amount
Fair
Value
Retail installment contract receivables, net$280,830 $216,633 $141,591 $112,676 
Guarantees
In the normal course of business, the Company is liable for contract completion and product performance. The Company’s guarantees primarily relate to standby letters of credit related to its insurance programs and totaled $83$76 million and $47$83 million as of September 30, 20202021 and December 31, 2019,2020, respectively. The Company does not believe such obligations will materially affect its financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instrument, and related amendments, introduces new guidance which makes substantive changes to the accounting for credit losses. This guidance introduces the current expected credit losses (“CECL”) model which applies to financial assets subject to credit losses and measured at amortized cost, as well as certain off-balance sheet credit exposures. The CECL model requires an entity to estimate credit losses expected over the life of an exposure, considering information about historical events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts and is generally expected to result in earlier recognition of credit losses. The Company adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2020 using the modified retrospective approach and recognized a cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit with no restatement of comparative periods. The impact of adoption was not material.
ASU 2018-15, Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract, aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a cloud computing arrangement that is classified as a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The Company adopted the guidance as of January 1, 2020 on a prospective basis, which will result in capitalized implementation costs being classified in the same line item as the fees associated with the cloud computing service agreement in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, Statements of Operations, and Cash Flows. The impact of adoption was not material.
ASU 2020-04, Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, provides optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden of accounting for reference rate reform. The guidance was effective for the Company beginning on March 12, 2020 and it will apply the amendments prospectively through December 31, 2022. The impact of adoption was not material.
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Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
ASU 2020-06, Debt with Conversion and Other Options and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity, provides guidance to ease the potential burden of accounting for convertible instruments, derivatives related to an entity’s own equity, and the related earnings per share considerations. The Company early adopted the guidance as of January 1, 2021. The impact from adoption was not material.
ASU 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, amends ASU 2020-04 and clarifies the scope and guidance of Topic 848 to allow derivatives impacted by the reference rate reform to qualify for certain optional expedients and exceptions for contract modifications and hedge accounting. The guidance is optional and is effective for a limited period of time through December 31, 2022. As of September 30, 2021, this guidance had no impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements. However, the Company will continue to evaluate this guidance.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations: Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, requires entities to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Topic 606, as if the acquiring entity had originated the related revenue contracts. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021,2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company intends to early adopt this guidance in the first quarter of 2021 andis currently evaluating the impact of adoption is not anticipated to be material.the guidance.
2. Revenue and Receivables
Revenue
The Company generates revenue primarily through contractual monthly recurring fees received for monitoring and related services provided to customers. The Company’s performance obligations generally include monitoring, related services (such as maintenance agreements), and the sale and installation of security systems or a material right in transactions in which the Company retains ownership of the security system (as discussed below). The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation based on relative standalone selling price, which is determined using observable internal and external pricing, profitability, and operational metrics.
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The following table presents the Company’s disaggregated revenue:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)2021202020212020
CSB:
Monitoring and related services$975,810 $940,493 $2,892,291 $2,814,482
Installation and other59,790 119,895 204,561 459,259
Total CSB1,035,600 1,060,388 3,096,852 3,273,741
Commercial:
Monitoring and related services122,579 105,184 352,384 318,531
Installation and other158,823 133,352 476,887 407,791
Total Commercial281,402 238,536 829,271 726,322
Total revenue$1,317,002 $1,298,924 $3,926,123 $4,000,063
Revenue is recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, net of sales and other taxes. Amounts collected from customers for sales and other taxes are reported as a liability net of the related amounts remitted.
Termination charges are assessed in accordance with the terms of the contract when customers terminate a contract early. Contract termination charges are recognized in revenue when collectability is probable and are reflected in monitoring and related services revenue in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Company-Owned - In transactions in which the Company provides monitoring and related services but retains ownership of the security system (referred to as Company-owned transactions), the Company’s performance obligations primarily include monitoring and related services, (such as maintenance agreements), andwell as a material right associated with the one-time non-refundable fees received in connection with the initiation of a monitoring contract which the customer will not be required to pay again upon a renewal of the contract (referred to as deferred subscriber acquisition revenue) that the customer will not need to pay upon a renewal of the contract. .
The portion of the transaction price associated with monitoring and related services revenue is recognized when the services are provided to the customer and is reflected in monitoring and related services revenue in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Deferred subscriber acquisition revenueThe portion of the transaction price associated with the material right is deferred upon initiation of a monitoring contract and recordedreflected as deferred subscriber acquisition revenue in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets upon initiation of a monitoring contract.Sheets. Deferred subscriber acquisition revenue is amortized on a pooled basis into installation and other revenue in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations over the estimated life of the customer relationship using an accelerated method consistent with the amortizationtreatment of subscriber system assets and deferred subscriber acquisition costs associated with the transaction. costs.
Amortization of deferred subscriber acquisition revenue was $31 millionis reflected in installation and $28 million forother revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $90 million and $79 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)
2021202020212020
Amortization of deferred subscriber acquisition revenue$45,020 $31,329 $122,908 $90,346 
Customer-Owned - In transactions involving a security system that issystems sold outright to the customer (referred to as outright sales), the Company’s performance obligations generally include monitoring, related services, and the sale and installation of the security system. For such arrangements, the Company allocates asystem as well as any monitoring and related services.
The portion of the transaction price to each performance obligation based on relative standalone selling price, which is determined using observable internal or external pricing and profitability metrics. Revenue associated with the sale and installation of a security system is recognized either at a point in time or over time based upon the nature of the transaction and contractual terms and is reflected in installation and other revenue in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. RevenueFor revenue recognized over time, progress toward complete satisfaction of the performance obligation is primarily measured using a cost-to-cost measure of progress method. The cost input driving revenue recognition for contracts where revenue is recognized over time is based primarily on contract cost incurred to date compared to total estimated contract cost. This measure of progress method includes forecasts based on the best information available and reflects the Company’s judgment to faithfully depict the value of the services transferred to the customer. Approximately half of installation and other revenue generated by the Commercial segment is recognized over time.
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The portion of the transaction price associated with monitoring and related services is recognized as thosewhen services are provided to the customer and is reflected in monitoring and related services revenue in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Revenue and cost of revenue from products in outright sales were as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)
2021202020212020
Revenue from product sales$171,030 $220,599 $551,652 $773,377 
Cost of revenue from product sales$145,397 $160,009 $452,852 $562,691 
Deferred Revenue - Customer billings for services not yet rendered are deferred and recognized as revenue as services are provided. These fees are recorded as current deferred revenue in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as the Company expects to satisfy any remaining performance obligations, as well as recognize the related revenue, within the next twelve months. Accordingly, the Company has applied the practical expedient regarding deferred revenue to exclude the value of remaining performance obligations if (i) the contract has an original expected term of one year or less or (ii) the Company recognizes revenue in proportion to the amount it has the right to invoice for services performed.
The following table sets forth the Company’s revenue disaggregated by source:
For the Three Months EndedFor the Nine Months Ended
(in thousands)September 30, 2020September 30, 2019September 30, 2020September 30, 2019
Monitoring and related services$1,045,677 $1,093,564 $3,133,013 $3,249,401 
Installation and other253,247 207,006 867,050 577,973 
Total revenue$1,298,924 $1,300,570 $4,000,063 $3,827,374 
Revenue Model Initiative and Equipment Ownership Model Change
DuringIn February 2020, the Company launched a new revenue model initiative for certain residential customers, which (i) revised the amount and nature of fees due at installation, (ii) introduced a 60 month60-month monitoring contract option, and (iii) introduced a new retail installment contract which allows qualifying residential customers to repay the fees due at installation over the course of a 24, 36, or 60 month interest-free period. option (as discussed below).
Due to the requirements of the Company’s initial third-party consumer financing program, the Company also transitioned its security system ownership model from a predominately Company-owned model to a predominately customer-owned model (the “Equipment Ownership Model Change”).
11


Duringin February 2020. In March 2020, the Company entered into an uncommitted receivables securitization financing agreement (the “Receivables Facility”). Under the terms of the Receivables Facility,, which allowed the Company mayto receive up to $200 million of financing secured by its retail installment contract receivables from transactions involving security systems that were sold under a customer-owned model. During
In April 2020, the Company further amended the Receivables Facility to also permit financing secured by retail installment contract receivables from transactions occurring under thea Company-owned model. During May 2020,model, and as a result, the Company started to transition its security system ownership model backbegan transitioning to a predominately Company-owned model asin May 2020.
Substantially all new residential transactions since March 2021 take place under a result of this amendment.Company-owned model.
Refer to Note 6 “Debt” for further discussion regarding the Receivables Facility.
Receivables and Contract Assets
The Company’s accounts receivable, retail installment contract receivables, and contract assets are recorded at amortized cost less an allowance for credit losses not expected to be recovered. The allowance for credit losses is recognized at inception and reassessed each reporting period.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable represent unconditional rights to consideration due from customers in the ordinary course of business and are generally due in one year or less. Accounts receivable are recorded at amortized cost less an
The Company evaluates its allowance for credit losses that are not expected to be recovered. The allowance for credit losses is recognized at inception and is reassessed each reporting period.
The Company’s allowance for credit losses is evaluated on a pooled basisaccounts receivable in pools based on customer type. For each customer pool, of customers, the allowance for credit losses is estimated based on the delinquency status of the underlying receivables and the related historical loss experience, as adjusted for current and expected future conditions, if applicable. The allowance for credit losses wasis not material for the individual pools of customers for the periods presented.customers.
The changes
13


Changes in the allowance for credit losses during the nine months ended September 30, 2020on accounts receivable were as follows:
(in thousands)
Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)2021
2020(1)
Beginning balance$68,342 $42,960 
Provision for credit losses40,105 63,231 
Write-offs, net of recoveries (2)
(48,337)(41,713)
Ending balance$60,110 $64,478 
________________
Balance as of January 1, 2020(1)
$42,960 
Provision for credit losses63,231 
Write-offs, net of recoveries(2)
(41,713)
Balance as of September 30, 2020$64,478 
________________
(1)BalanceBeginning balance reflected is subsequent to the adoption of CECLASU 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, and related amendments on January 1, 2020. The impact of adoption was not material.
(2)The amount of recoveries wasRecoveries were not material for the periodperiods presented, as such, the Company presented write-offs, net of recoveries.
RetailInstallment Contract Receivables, net
During February 2020, the Company launched a newThe Company’s retail installment contract whichoption allows qualifying residential customers to repaypay the fees due at installation over a 24, 36,24-, 36-, or 60 month60-month interest-free period.period and is available for transactions occurring under both Company-owned and customer-owned models. The financing component of a retail installment contract receivablereceivables is not significant.
Retail installment contracts are available for residential transactions occurring under either a Company-owned model or a customer-owned model. When originatingUpon origination of a retail installment contract, the Company utilizes external credit scores to assess customer credit quality of a customer and to determine eligibility for the retail installment contract. In addition, a customer is required to enroll in the Company’s automated payment process in order to enter into a retail installment contract.eligibility. Subsequent to origination, the Company monitors the delinquency status of retail installment contract receivables as the key credit quality indicator. In addition, customers are required to enroll in the Company’s automated payment process in order to enter into a retail installment contract. As of September 30, 2020,2021, the amount of current and delinquent billed retail installment contract receivables were not material.
Retail installment contract receivables are recorded at amortized cost less an allowance for credit losses that are not expected to be recovered. The allowance for credit losses is recognized at inception and is reassessed each reporting period. The allowance for credit losses onUnbilled retail installment contract receivables was not material for the periods presented.
The following is a summary of unbilled retail installment contract receivables, net, recognizedreflected in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets were as of the periods presented below:follows:
12


(in thousands)September 30, 2020
January 1, 2020(1)
Retail installment contract receivables, gross$114,610 $9,971 
Allowance for credit losses(6,213)(228)
Retail installment contract receivables, net$108,397 $9,743 
Classification:
Accounts receivable, net$39,368 $5,867 
Other assets69,029 3,876 
Retail installment contract receivables, net$108,397 $9,743 
________________
(1)Balances reflected are subsequent to the adoption of CECL on January 1, 2020.

(in thousands)September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Retail installment contract receivables, gross$282,360 $145,957 
Allowance for credit losses(1,530)(4,366)
Retail installment contract receivables, net$280,830 $141,591 
Classification:
Accounts receivable, net$84,665 $47,023 
Other assets196,165 94,568 
Retail installment contract receivables, net$280,830 $141,591 
As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, $56 million of the Company’s retail installment contract receivables, net, were used as collateral for borrowings under the Receivables Facility. ReferFacility were $249 million and $109 million, respectively. The allowance for credit losses relates to Note 6 “Debt” for further discussion.retail installment contract receivables from outright sales transactions and is not material.
Contract Assets, net
Contract assets represent rightsthe Company’s right to consideration in which the Company has transferredexchange for goods or services transferred to the customer in the ordinary course of business, however, the Company does not have an unconditional right to such consideration.customer. The contract asset is reclassified to accounts receivable when the Company has an unconditional right to the consideration as additional services are performed and billed, which results in the Company’s unconditional right to the consideration.billed. The Company has the right to bill the customercustomers as service isservices are provided over time, which generally occurs over the course of a 24, 36,24-, 36-, or 60 month60-month period.
The Company records an allowance for credit losses against itsfinancing component of contract assets is not significant.
14


Contract assets for expected credit losses that are not expected to be recovered. The allowance for credit losses isresidential transactions reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets were as follows:
(in thousands)September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Contract assets, gross$125,388 $161,563 
Allowance for credit losses(16,919)(29,558)
Contract assets, net$108,469 $132,005 
Classification:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets$61,818 $59,382 
Other assets46,651 72,623 
Contract assets, net$108,469 $132,005 
During the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized at inceptionapproximately $24 million and is reassessed each reporting period.$158 million of contract assets, respectively. The allowance for credit losses on contract assets wasis not material for the periods presented.
The following is a summary of contract assets, net, related to residential transactions recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of the periods presented below:
(in thousands)September 30, 2020
January 1, 2020(1)
Contract assets, gross$152,994 $24,411 
Allowance for credit losses(27,054)(3,228)
Contract assets, net$125,940 $21,183 
Classification:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets$53,320 $9,036 
Other assets72,620 12,147 
Contract assets, net$125,940 $21,183 
________________
(1)Balances reflected are subsequent to the adoption of CECL on January 1, 2020.

The Company recognized approximately $158 million of contract assets during the nine months ended September 30, 2020.material.
3. Leases
Company as Lessor
The Company is a lessor in certain Company-owned transactions in which the Company provides monitoring and related services but retains ownership of the security system as the Company has identified a lease component associated with the right-of-use of the security system and a non-lease component associated with the monitoring and related services.
For transactions in which (i) the timing and pattern of transfer is the same for the lease and non-lease components and (ii) the lease component would be classified as an operating lease if accounted for separately, the Company applies the practical expedient to aggregate the lease and non-lease components and accounts for the combined componenttransaction based upon its predominant characteristic, which is the non-lease component. As a result, theThe Company accounts for the combined component as a single performance obligation under the applicable revenue guidance and recognizes the underlying assets are reflected within subscriber system assets, net, in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
13


Certain of the Company’sFor transactions that do not qualify for the practical expedient as the lease component represents a sales-type lease, and as such, the Company separately accounts for the lease component and non-lease component.components separately. The Company’s sales-type leases are not material.
Company as Lessee
TheAs part of normal operations, the Company leases real estate, vehicles, and equipment from various counterparties with various lease terms and maturities that extend out through 2030 from various counter parties as part of normal operations. The2030. For these transactions, the Company applies the practical expedient to not separate the lease and non-lease components and accounts for the combined component as a lease. Additionally, the Company’s right-of-use assets and lease liabilities include leases with an initial lease termterms of 12 months or less.
The Company’s right-of-use assets and lease liabilities primarily represent (a) lease payments that are fixed at the commencement of a lease and (b) variable lease payments that dependdependent on an index or rate. Lease payments are recognized as lease cost on a straight-line basis over the lease term, which is determined as the non-cancelable period, including periods in which termination options are reasonably certain of not being exercised and periods in which renewal options are reasonably certain of being exercised. The discount rate for a lease is determined using the Company’s incremental borrowing rate that coincidescoinciding with the lease term at the commencement of a lease. The incremental borrowing rate is estimated based on publicly available data for the Company’s debt instruments and other instruments with similar characteristics.
Lease payments that are notneither fixed or that are notnor dependent on an index or rate and vary because of changes in usage or other factors are included in variable lease costs. Variable lease costs which primarily relate to fuel, repair, and maintenance payments that vary based on the usage of leased vehicles, are recorded in the period in which the obligation is incurred.incurred and primarily relate to fuel, repair, and maintenance payments as they vary based on the usage of leased vehicles.
The Company’s leases do not contain material residual value guarantees or restrictive covenants. The Company’s subleases are not material.
The following table presents the amounts reported
15


Leases recognized in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets related to operating and finance leaseswere as of the periods presented below:follows (in thousands):
Leases (in thousands)
ClassificationSeptember 30, 2020December 31, 2019
Assets
Current
PresentationPresentationClassificationSeptember 30, 2021December 31, 2020
OperatingOperatingPrepaid expenses and other current assets$923 $1,191 OperatingCurrentPrepaid expenses and other current assets$305 $684 
Non-current
OperatingOperatingOther assets141,214 122,464 OperatingNon-currentOther assets122,088 138,408 
FinanceFinance
Property and equipment, net(a)
54,971 66,001 FinanceNon-current
Property and equipment, net(1)
69,507 54,414 
Total right-of-use assetsTotal right-of-use assets$197,108 $189,656 Total right-of-use assets$191,900 $193,506 
Liabilities
Current
OperatingOperatingAccrued expenses and other current liabilities$27,863 $29,745 OperatingCurrentAccrued expenses and other current liabilities$33,085 $30,689 
FinanceFinanceCurrent maturities of long-term debt28,064 26,949 FinanceCurrentCurrent maturities of long-term debt35,437 26,955 
Non-current
OperatingOperatingOther liabilities121,554 99,999 OperatingNon-currentOther liabilities99,474 115,694 
FinanceFinanceLong-term debt34,806 47,835 FinanceNon-currentLong-term debt39,049 34,373 
Total lease liabilitiesTotal lease liabilities$212,287 $204,528 Total lease liabilities$207,045 $207,711 
_________________
(a)(1)Finance right-of-use assets are recorded net of accumulated depreciation of approximately $61$82 million and $44$67 million as of September 30, 20202021 and December 31, 2019,2020, respectively.
The components of total lease cost reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations were as follows:
14


Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)
2021202020212020
Operating lease cost$11,418 $14,339 $36,470 $43,251 
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets7,481 6,703 20,659 18,897 
Interest on lease liabilities707 778 2,083 2,393 
Variable lease costs20,448 10,803 53,580 34,952 
Total lease cost$40,054 $32,623 $112,792 $99,493 
The following is a summary of the Company’s lease cost for the presented periods:
For the Three Months EndedFor the Nine Months Ended
Lease Cost (in thousands)
September 30, 2020September 30, 2019September 30, 2020September 30, 2019
Operating lease cost$14,339 $14,618 $43,251 $44,691 
Finance lease cost
Amortization of right-of-use assets6,703 6,780 18,897 17,298 
Interest on lease liabilities778 1,017 2,393 2,674 
Variable lease costs10,803 11,096 34,952 35,955 
Total lease cost$32,623 $33,511 $99,493 $100,618 
The following is a summary of thetable presents cash flowsflow and supplemental information associated with the Company’s leases for the presented periods:leases:
For the Nine Months Ended
Other information (in thousands)
September 30, 2020September 30, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows from operating leases$42,901 $45,116 
Operating cash flows from finance leases2,393 2,674 
Financing cash flows from finance leases21,253 17,166 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new:
Operating lease liabilities40,015 41,307 
Finance lease liabilities$10,147 $49,053 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)
20212020
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows - operating leases$34,622 $42,901 
Operating cash flows - finance leases$2,083 $2,393 
Financing cash flows - finance leases$22,566 $21,253 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new:
Operating lease liabilities$14,999 $40,015 
Finance lease liabilities$36,465 $10,147 
4. Acquisitions
Defenders AcquisitionDuring the nine months ended September 30, 2021, total consideration related to business acquisitions was approximately $16 million.
DuringIn January 2020, the Company acquired its largest independent dealer, Defender Holdings, Inc. (“Defenders”) (the “Defenders Acquisition”), which represented the acquisition of the Company’s largest independent dealer, for total consideration of approximately $290 million, which consisted of cash paid of $173 million, net of cash acquired, and the issuance of approximately 16 million shares of the Company’s common stock, par value of $0.01 per share, (“Common Stock”)Stock with a fair value of $114 million.
The following table summarizes During the purchase price allocation of the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired and liabilities assumed as reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements as of the date of acquisition:
Fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands):
Cash$3,437 
Accounts receivable15,269 
Inventories17,950 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets16,752 
Property and equipment16,486 
Goodwill253,784 
Contracts and related customer relationships17,000 
Other assets18,733 
Accounts payable(14,937)
Deferred revenue(1,170)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities(29,130)
Deferred tax liabilities(8,051)
Other liabilities(15,760)
Total consideration transferred$290,363 
The purchase price allocation reflects preliminary fair value estimates based on management analysis, including preliminary work performed by third-party valuation specialists. The Company will finalize the purchase price allocation no later than onenine months ended September 30, 2020, other acquisitions were not material.
1516


year fromSubsequent Event - Sunpro Solar Acquisition
In November 2021, the acquisition date. The acquired contracts and related customer relationships are amortized over 14 years. The Company recorded approximately $254 millionentered into a Purchase Agreement to acquire Compass Solar Group, LLC (“Sunpro Solar”) (the “Sunpro Solar Acquisition”), a leading provider of goodwill, none of which is deductible for tax purposes, and reflects the strategic value and expected synergies of Defendersresidential solar installation. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the base purchase price consists of $160 million in cash and approximately 77.8 million shares of the Company’s common stock, subject to adjustment as set forth in the Purchase Agreement. Upon the consummation of this transaction, Sunpro Solar will become an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. The consummation of this transaction is subject to customary closing conditions and regulatory approvals and is expected to occur in the fourth quarter of 2021. Additionally, Sunpro Solar is expected to operate as a standalone business, and the Company allocated the goodwill recognized as a result of the Defenders Acquisition to the U.S.will evaluate any impact on its reporting unit.
In connection with the Defenders Acquisition, the Company settled a pre-existing relationship with Defenders related to customer accounts purchased from Defenders prior to the Defenders Acquisition. As a result, the Company recorded a charge in the amount of $81 million to merger, restructuring, integration,unit and other in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and reflected the associated cash payment as cash flows from operating activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
Other Acquisitions
In addition to the Defenders Acquisition, the Company paid $9 million, net of cash acquired, related to other business acquisitions, which resulted in the recognition of $3 million of goodwill, during the nine months ended September 30, 2020.segment structure.
5. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill
During the fourth quarter of 2020, the Company changed its reporting units, which included the reassignment of assets, liabilities, and financial operating results related to the Company’s commercial customers, as well as an applicable portion of goodwill based on a relative fair value approach, from the U.S. (now referred to as CSB) reporting unit into the former Red Hawk (now referred to as Commercial) reporting unit.
As discussed in Note 1 “Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” effective in the first quarter of 2021, the Company’s operating and reportable segments are CSB, which is comprised of the CSB reporting unit, and Commercial, which is comprised of the Commercial reporting unit. Both of the Company’s reporting units were previously included in a single operating and reportable segment. The changeschange in reportable segments did not further impact the Company’s reporting units.
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the nine months ended September 30, 2020by reportable segment were as follows:
(in thousands)
Beginning balance$4,959,658 
Acquisitions257,278 
Other339 
Ending balance$5,217,275 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
(in thousands)CSBCommercialTotal
Beginning balance, as previously reportedN/AN/A$5,236,302 
Beginning balance, after change in reportable segments$4,915,857 $320,445 $5,236,302 
Acquisitions— 6,763 6,763 
Other(25)1,902 1,877 
Ending balance$4,915,832 $329,110 $5,244,942 
_________________
N/A—Not applicable.
The Company had no accumulated goodwill impairment losses as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
There were no material measurement period adjustments to purchase price allocations. The Company had 0 accumulated goodwill impairment losses as ofallocations during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.
Other Intangible Assets
The gross carrying amounts, accumulated amortization, and net carrying amounts of the Company’s other intangible assets as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were as follows:
September 30, 2020December 31, 2019
(in thousands)Gross Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying
Amount
Gross Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying
Amount
Definite-lived intangible assets:
Contracts and related customer relationships$8,185,134 $(4,650,348)$3,534,786 $7,889,864 $(3,798,319)$4,091,545 
Dealer relationships1,518,020 (359,494)1,158,526 1,518,020 (299,459)1,218,561 
Other205,175 (184,759)20,416 210,775 (184,236)26,539 
Total definite-lived intangible assets9,908,329 (5,194,601)4,713,728 9,618,659 (4,282,014)5,336,645 
Indefinite-lived intangible assets:
Trade name1,333,000 — 1,333,000 1,333,000 — 1,333,000 
Intangible assets$11,241,329 $(5,194,601)$6,046,728 $10,951,659 $(4,282,014)$6,669,645 
2021.
1617


ForOther Intangible Assets
Other intangible assets reflected in the nine months ended September 30, 2020,Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets consisted of the changesfollowing:
September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
(in thousands)Gross Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying
Amount
Gross Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying
Amount
Definite-lived intangible assets:
Contracts and related customer relationships$8,550,352 $(5,469,404)$3,080,948 $8,306,746 $(4,932,590)$3,374,156 
Dealer relationships1,518,020 (439,326)1,078,694 1,518,020 (379,475)1,138,545 
Other226,358 (198,253)28,105 247,536 (186,547)60,989 
Total definite-lived intangible assets10,294,730 (6,106,983)4,187,747 10,072,302 (5,498,612)4,573,690 
Indefinite-lived intangible assets:
Trade name1,333,000 — 1,333,000 1,333,000 — 1,333,000 
Intangible assets$11,627,730 $(6,106,983)$5,520,747 $11,405,302 $(5,498,612)$5,906,690 
Changes in the net carrying amount of contracts and related customer relationships were as follows:
(in thousands)Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Beginning balance$4,091,5453,374,156 
Acquisition of customer relationships20,4385,333 
Customer contract additions, net of dealer charge-backs(1)
274,632527,306 
Amortization(852,030)
Other201 (825,847)
Ending balance$3,534,7863,080,948 
________________
(1) The weighted-average amortization period for customer contract additions was 14 years.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company paid $265$512 million related to purchase contracts with customerscustomer contract additions under the ADT Authorized Dealer Program and from other third parties, during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. In connection with the Defenders Acquisition, the Company received an advance payment of $39 million for the estimated future dealer charge-backs related to accounts purchased from Defenders prior to the Defenders Acquisition. This amountwhich is included in dealer generated customer accounts and bulk account purchases inon the Condensed Consolidated StatementStatements of Cash Flows and is anticipated to be materially realized as a reduction toFlows.
In addition, contracts and related customer relationships overincludes the coursepurchase of customer accounts from a 13-month charge-back period.third party in February 2021 for a total contractual purchase price of $91 million, subject to reduction based on customer retention. The Company paid cash at closing of $73 million.
The weighted-averageDefinite-lived intangible asset amortization period for contracts with customers purchased underexpense reflected in the ADT Authorized Dealer Program and fromCondensed Consolidated Statements of Operations was as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)2021202020212020
Definite-lived intangible asset amortization expense$301,828 $305,824 $901,363 $918,187 
Intangible Asset Impairments
During the first quarter of 2021, the Company recognized $18 million in impairment losses on its other third parties was 15 years during the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
Amortization expense for definite-lived intangible assets for the periods presented was as follows:
For the Three Months EndedFor the Nine Months Ended
(in thousands)September 30, 2020September 30, 2019September 30, 2020September 30, 2019
Definite-lived intangible asset amortization expense$305,824 $315,732 $918,187 $933,260 
Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets Impairment
Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized and are tested for impairment at least annually as of the first day of the fourth quarter of each year and more often if an event occurs or circumstances change which indicate it is more-likely-than-not that fair value is less than carrying amount.
Goodwill
As a result of the macroeconomic declineprimarily due to lower than expected benefits from the ongoing COVID-19 Pandemic, the Company quantitatively tested the goodwill associated with its reporting units for impairment as of March 31, 2020.
Under the quantitative approach, the Company estimated the fair value of each reporting unit and compared it to its carrying amount. The fair values of the reporting units were determined using the income approach,Cell Bounce developed technology intangible asset, which discounts projected cash flows using market participant assumptions. The income approachis included significant assumptions including, but not limited to, forecasted revenue, operating profit margins, operating expenses, cash flows, perpetual growth rates, and long-term discount rates. In developing these assumptions, the Company relied on various factors including operating results, business plans, economic projections, anticipated future cash flows, and other market data.
Based on the results of the tests, the Company did not record any goodwill impairment losses associated with its reporting units. Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic, the assumptions made in connection with the Company’s goodwill impairment assessments could be impacted in the futureCSB segment, as a result of the evolvingworldwide shortages for certain electronic components. The fair value was determined using an income-based approach, and uncertain nature of economic conditions. As a result, the Company’s reporting units are considered at risk of future impairment. If the Company’s assumptions are not realized, or if there are changesloss is reflected in any of the assumptionsmerger, restructuring, integration, and other in the future due to a change in economic conditions, it is possible that an impairment charge may need to be recorded in the future.Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
1718


6. Debt
Debt asAs of September 30, 20202021 and December 31, 20192020, the Company’s debt was comprised of the following:following (in thousands, except as otherwise indicated):
(in thousands)Balance as of
Debt DescriptionIssuedMaturityInterest RateInterest PayableSeptember 30, 2020December 31, 2019
DescriptionDescriptionIssuedMaturityInterest RateInterest PayableSeptember 30, 2021December 31, 2020
First Lien Term Loan due 2026First Lien Term Loan due 20269/23/20199/23/2026Adj. LIBOR +3.25%Quarterly$3,078,900 $3,102,225 First Lien Term Loan due 20269/23/20199/23/2026Adj. LIBOR +2.75%Quarterly$2,765,006 $2,778,900 
Second Lien Notes due 2028Second Lien Notes due 20281/28/20201/15/20286.250%1/15 and 7/151,300,000 Second Lien Notes due 20281/28/20201/15/20286.250%1/15 and 7/151,300,000 1,300,000 
Prime Notes5/2/20165/15/20239.250%5/15 and 11/151,246,000 
First Lien Notes due 2024First Lien Notes due 20244/4/20194/15/20245.250%2/15 and 8/15750,000 750,000 First Lien Notes due 20244/4/20194/15/20245.250%2/15 and 8/15750,000 750,000 
First Lien Notes due 2026First Lien Notes due 20264/4/20194/15/20265.750%3/15 and 9/151,350,000 1,350,000 First Lien Notes due 20264/4/20194/15/20265.750%3/15 and 9/151,350,000 1,350,000 
First Lien Notes due 2027First Lien Notes due 20278/20/20208/31/20273.375%6/15 and 12/151,000,000 First Lien Notes due 20278/20/20208/31/20273.375%6/15 and 12/151,000,000 1,000,000 
ADT Notes due 202110/1/201310/15/20216.250%4/15 and 10/151,000,000 
First Lien Notes due 2029First Lien Notes due 20297/29/20218/1/20294.125%2/1 and 8/11,000,000 — 
ADT Notes due 2022ADT Notes due 20227/5/20127/15/20223.500%1/15 and 7/151,000,000 1,000,000 ADT Notes due 20227/5/20127/15/20223.500%1/15 and 7/15— 1,000,000 
ADT Notes due 2023ADT Notes due 20231/14/20136/15/20234.125%6/15 and 12/15700,000 700,000 ADT Notes due 20231/14/20136/15/20234.125%6/15 and 12/15700,000 700,000 
ADT Notes due 2032ADT Notes due 20325/2/20167/15/20324.875%1/15 and 7/15728,016 728,016 ADT Notes due 20325/2/20167/15/20324.875%1/15 and 7/15728,016 728,016 
ADT Notes due 2042ADT Notes due 20427/5/20127/15/20424.875%1/15 and 7/1521,896 21,896 ADT Notes due 20427/5/20127/15/20424.875%1/15 and 7/1521,896 21,896 
Receivables FacilityReceivables Facility3/5/20208/20/2025LIBOR +1.00%Monthly41,292 Receivables Facility3/5/20208/20/2026LIBOR +0.85%Monthly165,482 75,775 
Finance lease obligationsN/AN/AN/AN/A62,870 74,784 
Plus: Finance lease obligations (1)
Plus: Finance lease obligations (1)
74,486 61,328 
Less: Unamortized debt discount, netLess: Unamortized debt discount, net(24,143)(26,840)Less: Unamortized debt discount, net(17,499)(19,993)
Less: Unamortized deferred financing costsLess: Unamortized deferred financing costs(69,245)(58,075)Less: Unamortized deferred financing costs(67,225)(64,638)
Less: Unamortized purchase accounting fair value adjustment and otherLess: Unamortized purchase accounting fair value adjustment and other(195,121)(195,731)Less: Unamortized purchase accounting fair value adjustment and other(160,463)(188,740)
Total debtTotal debt9,744,465 9,692,275 Total debt9,609,699 9,492,544 
Less: Current maturities of long-term debtLess: Current maturities of long-term debt(69,035)(58,049)Less: Current maturities of long-term debt(101,358)(44,764)
Long-term debtLong-term debt$9,675,430 $9,634,226 Long-term debt$9,508,341 $9,447,780 
___________________________________
N/A—Not applicable(1) Refer to Note 3 “Leases” for additional information regarding the Company’s finance leases.
Significant changes in the Company’s debt during the nine months ended September 30, 20202021 were as follows:
First Lien Credit Agreement
AsThe Company’s first lien credit agreement, dated as of September 30, 2020,July 1, 2015 (together with subsequent amendments and restatements, the Company had an available borrowing capacity of $400 million under“First Lien Credit Agreement”), contains a first lien term loan facility (the “First Lien Term Loan due 2026”) and a first lien revolving credit facility (the “First Lien Revolving Credit Facility”), with 0 borrowings outstanding..
Second Lien Notes due 2028
DuringIn January 2020,2021, the Company issued $1.3 billionamended and restated its First Lien Credit Agreement to refinance the First Lien Term Loan due 2026, which reduced the applicable margin for Adjusted London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) loans from 3.25% to 2.75% and reduced the LIBOR floor from 1.00% to 0.75%. The Company is required to make quarterly payments equal to 0.25% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of 6.250% second-priority senior secured notesthe First Lien Term Loan due 2028 (the “Second2026. The Company may make voluntary prepayments at any time prior to maturity at par, subject to a 1.00% prepayment premium in the event of certain specified events at any time during the six months after the closing date of the amendment.
In July 2021, the Company further amended and restated the First Lien Notes due 2028”). The proceeds fromCredit Agreement with respect to the SecondFirst Lien Notes due 2028, along with cash on handRevolving Credit Facility, which extended its maturity date to June 23, 2026, subject to certain conditions, and borrowingsobtained an additional $175 million of commitments. After giving effect to this amendment and restatement, aggregate commitments under the First Lien Revolving Credit Facility were used to redeem$575 million.
As of September 30, 2021, the outstanding $1.2Company had an available borrowing capacity of $575 million under its First Lien Revolving Credit Facility and no borrowings outstanding.
First Lien Notes due 2029
In July 2021, the Company issued $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of the Company’s 9.250% second-priority4.125% first-priority senior secured notes due 20232029 (the “Prime Notes”“First Lien Notes due 2029”) and pay any. The related fees and expenses, including the call premium on the outstanding Prime Notes. The deferred financing costs incurred in connection with the issuance of the Second Lien Notes due 2028 were not material.
The SecondFirst Lien Notes due 2028 are due at maturity2029 will mature on August 1, 2029, with semi-annual interest payment dates of February 1 and August 1 of each year, beginning February 1, 2022, and may be redeemed at the Company’s option as follows:
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Prior to January 15, 2023, in whole at any time or in part from time to time, (a) at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Second Lien Notes dueAugust 1, 2028, redeemed, plus a make-whole premium and accrued and unpaid interest as of, but excluding, the redemption date or (b) for up to 40% of the original aggregate principal amount of the Second Lien Notes due 2028 and in an aggregate amount equal to the net cash proceeds of any equity offerings, at a redemption price equal to 106.250%, plus accrued and unpaid interest, so long as at least 50% of the original aggregate principal amount of the Second Lien Notes due 2028 shall remain outstanding after each such redemption.
On or after January 15, 2023, in whole at any time or in part from time to time, at a redemption price equal to 103.125%the greater of (i) 100% of the principal amount of the SecondFirst Lien Notes due 2029 to be redeemed and (ii) the sum of the present values of the aggregate principal amount of the First Lien Notes due 2029 to be redeemed and the remaining scheduled interest payments due on any date after the redemption date, to and including August 1, 2028, discounted at an adjusted treasury rate plus 50 basis points, plus, in either case accrued and unpaid interest as of, but excluding, the redemption date.
On or after August 1, 2028, in whole at any time or in part from time to time, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the First Lien Notes due 2029 to be redeemed and accrued and unpaid interest as of, but excluding, the redemption date. The redemption price decreases to 101.563% on or after January 15, 2024 and decreases to 100% on or after January 15, 2025.
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The Company’s obligations relating to the SecondFirst Lien Notes due 20282029 are guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior secured second-priorityfirst-priority basis, by eachsubstantially all of the Company’s domestic subsidiaries that guarantees its First Lien Credit Agreement and by each of the Company’s future domestic subsidiaries that guarantees certain of the Company’s debt. The Second Lien Notes due 2028 and the related guarantees are secured by second-priorityfirst-priority security interests in substantially all of the tangible and intangible assets owned byof the issuers and each guarantor,Company’s domestic subsidiaries, subject to certain permitted liens and exceptions. Additionally,In addition, upon the occurrence of specified change of control events, the Company must offermay be required to repurchasepurchase the SecondFirst Lien Notes due 20282029 at 101% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the purchase date. The indenture governing the Second Lien Notes due 2028 also provides for customary events of default.
PrimeADT Notes due 2022 Redemption
The indenture underlyingIn August 2021, the Company used the proceeds from the First Lien Notes due 2029, along with cash on hand, to (i) redeem all of the $1.0 billion outstanding $1.2 billion aggregate principal amount of the PrimeCompany’s 3.50% notes due 2022 (the “ADT Notes was discharged during January 2020 and the Prime Notes were redeemed during February 2020due 2022”) for a total redemption price of approximately $1.3$1.0 billion, which includedincluding the related call premium.premium of $28 million, plus accrued and unpaid interest, and (ii) pay related fees and expenses (the “ADT Notes due 2022 Redemption”).
Loss on Extinguishment of Debt
During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, loss on extinguishment of debt totaled $37 million and was primarily due to the call premium and write-off of unamortized fair value adjustments in connection with the ADT Notes due 2022 Redemption.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, loss on extinguishment of debt totaled $115 million and included (i) $66 million related to the call premium and write-off of unamortized deferred financing costs in connection with the $1.2 billion redemption of the Company’s second-priority secured notes in February 2020 and (ii) $49 million related to the call premium and write-off of unamortized fair value adjustments in connection with the $1.0 billion redemption of the Company’s 6.25% notes due 2021 in September 2020.
Receivables Facility
During March 2020, the Company entered into the Receivables Facility. Under the terms of the Receivables Facility, the Company may receive up to $200 million of financing secured by retail installment contract receivables from transactions involving security systems that were sold under a customer-owned model. During April 2020, the Company amended the Receivables Facility to also permit financing secured by retail installment contract receivables from transactions occurring under a Company-owned model. The Receivables Facility has a one year revolving period until March 5, 2021, which may be extended, and bears interest at a variable rate. If the revolving period is not extended, the Company is required to repay the Receivables Facility in a manner consistent with the contractual collections of the underlying retail installment contract receivables. The Company may make voluntary prepayments on the Receivables Facility at any time prior to maturity at par.
The Company obtains financing by selling or contributing certain retail installment contract receivables to the Company’s wholly-owned consolidated bankruptcy-remote special purpose entity (the “SPE”(“SPE”), which, pursuant to. The SPE grants a security interest in those retail installment contract receivables as collateral for cash borrowings under the Receivables Facility.
As of September 30, 2021, the Receivables Facility borrows fundspermitted up to $200 million of uncommitted financing secured by the transferredCompany’s retail installment contract receivables. receivables owned by the SPE. In March 2021, the Receivables Facility was amended to, among other things, extend the scheduled termination date for the uncommitted revolving period to March 4, 2022, and reduce the spread over LIBOR payable in respect of borrowings thereunder from 1.00% to 0.85%. In July 2021, the Receivables Facility was further amended into the form of a Receivables Financing Agreement, which continued the uncommitted secured lending arrangement contemplated among the parties and, among other things, provided for certain revisions to funding, prepayment, reporting, and other provisions in preparation for a potential future syndication of the advances made under the Receivables Facility.
The SPE borrower under the Receivables Facility is a separate legal entity with its own creditors who will be entitled, prior to and upon the liquidation of the SPE, to be satisfied out of the SPE’s assets prior to any assets inof the SPE becoming available to the Company (other than the SPE). Accordingly, the assets of the SPE are not available to pay creditors of the Company (other than the SPE), although collections from the transferred retail installment contract receivables in excess of amounts required to repay amounts then due and payable to the SPE’s creditors may be remittedreleased to the Company during and aftersubsequently used by the term ofCompany (including to pay other creditors). The SPE’s creditors under the Receivables Facility. The SPE’s creditorsFacility have legal recourse to the transferred retail installment contract receivables owned by the SPE, and to the Company for certain performance and operational obligations relating to the Receivables Facility, but do not have any recourse to the Company (other than the SPE) for the payment of principal and interest on the SPE’s financing.advances under the Receivables Facility.
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The Company services the transferred retail installment contract receivables and is responsible for ensuring that amounts collected from the transferred retail installment contract receivablesrelated collections are remitted to the SPE. The Company is required to deposit payments received from the transferred retail installment contract receivables into a segregated bank account maintained by a third party.in the name of the SPE. On a monthly basis, the segregated account is utilized to make required principal, interest, and other payments due under the Receivables Facility. The segregated account is considered restricted cash and is reflected in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
BorrowingsAs of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had outstanding borrowings under the Receivables Facility along withof $165 million and $76 million, respectively, and an uncommitted available borrowing capacity of $35 million as of September 30, 2021.
During the transferred retail installment contract receivables are included innine months ended September 30, 2021, the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Borrowings and repaymentsCompany received proceeds of $118 million under the Receivables Facility and repaid $28 million, which are reflected as cash flows from financing activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company received proceeds of $44 million under the Receivables Facility and repaid $2 million. As of September 30, 2020, the Company had an outstanding balance of $41 million and an uncommitted available borrowing capacity of $159 million under the Receivables Facility. The Receivables Facility did not have a material impact to the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.Operations during the three or nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.
Subsequent Event: Amendment to the Receivables Facility
In October 2021, the Company further amended the documentation governing the Receivables Facility in connection with the syndication of the advances thereunder to two additional lenders: MUFG Bank, Ltd., and Starbird Funding Corporation, a conduit lender related to BNP Paribas. As part of the amendment, the Receivables Facility’s uncommitted lending limit was increased from $200 million to $400 million, and the scheduled termination date for the Receivable Facility’s uncommitted revolving period was extended to October 2022.
Variable Interest Entity
The SPE, as described above, meets the definition of a variable interest entity (“VIE”) for which the Company is the primary beneficiary as it has the power to direct the SPE’s activities and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the SPE. As such, the SPE’s assets, liabilities, and financial results of operations of the SPE are consolidated in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the SPE’s assets and liabilities primarily consisted of unbilled retail installment contract receivables, net, of $56$249 million and $109 million, respectively, and borrowings under the Receivables Facility of $41 million.
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First Lien Notes due 2027
During August 2020, the Company issued $1 billion aggregate principal amount of 3.375% first-priority senior secured notes due 2027 (the “First Lien Notes due 2027”). The proceeds from the First Lien Notes due 2027, along with cash on hand, were used to redeem the outstanding $1 billion aggregate principal amount of the 6.250% notes due 2021 issued by The ADT Corporation (the “ADT Notes due 2021”), pay accrued and unpaid interest on the ADT Notes due 2021, and pay any related fees and expenses, including the call premium on the ADT Notes due 2021. The deferred financing costs incurred in connection with the issuance of the First Lien Notes due 2027 were not material.
The First Lien Notes due 2027 are due at maturity and may be redeemed at the Company’s option as follows:
Prior to August 31, 2026, in whole at any time or in part from time to time, at a make-whole premium plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to the redemption date.
On or after August 31, 2026, in whole at any time or in part from time to time, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the First Lien Notes due 2027 redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to the redemption date.
The Company’s obligations relating to the First Lien Notes due 2027 are guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior secured first-priority basis, by each of the Company’s domestic subsidiaries that guarantees its First Lien Credit Agreement and by each of the Company’s future domestic subsidiaries that guarantees certain of the Company’s debt. The First Lien Notes due 2027 and the related guarantees are secured by first-priority security interests in substantially all of the tangible and intangible assets owned by the issuers and each guarantor, subject to certain permitted liens and exceptions. Additionally, upon the occurrence of specified change of control events, the Company must offer to repurchase the First Lien Notes due 2027 at 101% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the purchase date. The indenture governing the First Lien Notes due 2027 also provides for customary events of default.
ADT Notes
In September 2020, the Company redeemed $1 billion aggregate principal amount of the ADT Notes due 2021 for a total repurchase price of approximately $1.1 billion, which included the related call premium.
Loss on Extinguishment of Debt
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, loss on extinguishment of debt totaled $115 million and included $66 million associated with the call premium and write-off of unamortized deferred financing costs in connection with the $1.2 billion redemption of the Prime Notes in February 2020 and $49 million associated with the call premium and write-off of unamortized fair value adjustments in connection with the $1 billion redemption of the ADT Notes due 2021 in September 2020.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, loss on extinguishment of debt totaled $103 million and included (i) $22 million associated with the call premium and the partial write-off of unamortized deferred financing costs in connection with the $300 million partial redemption of the Prime Notes in February 2019, (ii) $61 million associated with the call premium and partial write-off of unamortized deferred financing costs in connection with the $1 billion partial redemption of the Prime Notes in April 2019, (iii) $6 million associated with the partial write-off of unamortized deferred financing costs and discount in connection with the $500 million repayment of the First Lien Term B-1 Loan in April 2019, and (iv) $13 million associated with the partial write-off of unamortized deferred financing costs and discount in connection with the amendment and restatement to the First Lien Credit Agreement in September 2019.described above.
7. Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company's derivative financial instruments primarily consist of LIBOR-based interest rate swap contracts, which were entered into with the objective of managing exposure to variability in interest rates on the Company's debt. All interest rate swap contracts are reported in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value. For the interest rate swap contracts that are not designated as cash flow hedges, changes in fair valueunrealized gains and losses are recognized in interest expense, net, in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. For the interest rate swap contracts that are designated as cash flow hedges, changes in fair valueunrealized gains and losses are recognized as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”) in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and are reclassified into interest expense, net, in the same period in which the related interest on debt affects earnings.
For interest rate swap contracts that have been de-designated as cash flow hedges and for which the amountsforecasted cash flows are probable or reasonably possible of occurring, unrealized gains and losses previously recognized as a component of AOCI are reclassified into interest expense, net, in the same period in which the related interest on variable-rate debt affects earnings through the original maturity date of the related interest rate swap contracts. For interest rate swap contracts that have been de-designated as cash flow hedges and for which the forecasted cash flows are probable of occurring. Additionally, the changes in fair value for de-designatednot occurring, unrealized gains and losses previously recognized as a component of AOCI are immediately reclassified into interest expense, net.
The cash flows associated with interest rate swap contracts are recognized in interest
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expense, net. The interest rate swap contracts entered into during October 2019that included a significantan other-than-insignificant financing componentelement at inception and as such, the related cash flows are reflected inas cash flows from financing activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
As a result of changes in the interest rate environment in response to macroeconomic decline, the Company's interest rate swap contracts designated as cash flow hedges with an aggregate notional amount of $3 billion were no longer highly effective beginning in March 2020. Accordingly, the Company de-designated the cash flow hedges and the changes in fair value for the period in which these cash flow hedges were no longer highly effective were recognized in interest expense, net. Amounts recognized as a component of AOCI prior to de-designation will be reclassified into interest expense, net, in the same period in which the related interest on variable-rate debt affects earnings through the maturity dates of the interest rate swap contracts as the forecasted cash flows are probable of occurring.
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Below is a summary of theThe Company’s interest rate swap contractsswaps as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in thousands)consisted of the following (in thousands):
ExecutionMaturityDesignationNotional Amount
January 2019April 2022Not designated$125,000 
February 2019April 2022Not designated300,000 
October 2019September 2026Not designated2,800,000 
Total notional amount$3,225,000 
TheAs a result of changes in fair valuethe interest rate environment during 2020, the Company's interest rate swap contracts previously designated as cash flow hedges with an aggregate notional amount of $3.0 billion were no longer highly effective beginning in March 2020. Accordingly, the Company de-designated the cash flow hedges, and the unrealized gains and losses for the periods in which these cash flow hedges were no longer highly effective were recognized in interest expense, net. As the forecasted cash flows are probable or reasonably possible of occurring, unrealized losses previously recognized as a component of AOCI prior to de-designation will be reclassified into interest expense, net, in the same period in which the related interest on variable-rate debt affects earnings through the maturity dates of the interest rate swap contracts.
The unrealized impact of interest rate swap contractsswaps recognized in interest expense, net, in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations were a gain of $8 million and a loss of $1 million during the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and losses of $90 million and $9 million duringwas as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)
2021202020212020
Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swaps$23,033 $8,311 $115,090 $(89,589)
During the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company paid $42 million and 2019, respectively. The$25 million, respectively, related to settlements on interest rate swap contracts did not have a material impact to the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.that included an other-than-insignificant financing element at inception.
The classification and fair value of the Company’s interest rate swap contracts and related classificationswaps recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets for the periods presented were as follows:
(in thousands)(in thousands)September 30, 2020December 31, 2019(in thousands)September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Accrued expenses and other current liabilitiesAccrued expenses and other current liabilities$65,031 $15,334 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities$61,151 $65,462 
Other liabilitiesOther liabilities240,035 68,884 Other liabilities99,600 210,378 
Fair value of interest rate swapsFair value of interest rate swaps$305,066 $84,218 Fair value of interest rate swaps$160,751 $275,840 
As of September 30, 20202021 and December 31, 2019,2020, AOCI, net of tax, related to cash flow hedges was $135$83 million and $59$118 million, respectively.
8. Equity
During September 2020, theThe Company amended its articleshas two classes of incorporation to authorize the issuance of 100,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, par value of $0.01 per share, (“Class B Common Stock”) as well as to increase the number of authorized shares of preferred stock, par value of $0.01 per share, to 1,000,000.
TheStock and Class B Common Stock, represents a new classboth of common stock of the Company.which entitle stockholders to one vote per share. Each share of Class B Common Stock has equal status and rights to dividends withas a share of Common Stock. The holders of Class B Common Stock have one vote for each share of Class B Common Stock held of record by such holder on all matters on which stockholders are entitled to vote generally; provided, however, that holders of Class B Common Stock, as such, are not entitled to votegenerally except for voting on the election, appointment, or removal of directors of the Company. Additionally, each share of Class B Common Stock will immediately become convertible into one share of Common Stock, at the option of the holder, thereof, at any time following the earlier of (i) the expiration or early termination of applicable waiting periods under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (“HSR Clearance”), required prior to such holder’s conversion of all such shares of Class B Common Stock, and (ii) to the extent HSR Clearance is not required prior to such holder’s conversion of such shares of Class B Common Stock, the date that such holder owns such shares of Class B Common Stock.
Issuance of Common Stock
During January 2020, the Company issued approximately 16 million shares of Common Stock with a fair value of $114 million in connection with the Defenders Acquisition.
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Issuance of Class B Common Stock
During September 2020, the Company issued and sold 54,744,525 shares of Class B Common Stock for an aggregate purchase price of $450 million to Google LLC (“Google”) in a private placement pursuant to a securities purchase agreement dated July 31, 2020 (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”). As of the date of closing, Google held approximately 6.6% of the issued and outstanding Common Stock of the Company on an as-converted basis. Prior to closing, the Securities Purchase Agreement provided Google with the option to purchase additional shares of Class B Common Stock, for the same price per share, up to 9.9% of the issued and outstanding Common Stock of the Company on an as-converted basis. Google did not exercise this option. The proceeds received will be used to reduce debt and fund growth over time.
In connection with the issuance of the Class B Common Stock, the Company and Google entered into an Investor Rights Agreement (the “Investor Rights Agreement”), pursuant to which Google agreed to be bound by customary transfer restrictions and drag-along rights, and be afforded customary registration rights with respect to shares of Class B Common Stock held directly by Google. Under the terms of the Investor Rights Agreement, Google is prohibited, subject to certain exceptions, from transferring any shares of Class B Common Stock or any shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Class B Common Stock beneficially owned by Google until the earlier of (i) the three-year anniversary of issuance, (ii) the date on which the Commercial Agreement (as subsequently defined) has been terminated under certain specified circumstances,timing and (iii) June 30, 2022 if the Company breaches certain of its obligations under the Commercial Agreement.
The Company estimated the fair value of the issued Class B Common Stock to be approximately $450 million, which represents a Level 3 fair value measurement. The estimation of the fair value included the following inputs: (i) the price per share of Common Stock, (ii) the length of the holding period restriction, (iii) an expected dividend-yield of 1.5% during the holding period restriction, which was based on the projected dividend run-rate and dividing by the stock price, and (iv) an expected share price volatility of 30% during the holding period restriction period, which was implied based upon an average of historical volatility of publicly traded companies in industries similar to the Company as well as consideration for the Company’s debt to equity ratio. The intrinsic value of the beneficial conversion feature related to the ability to convert Class B Common Stock to Common Stock as well as the fair value of Google’s option to purchase additional shares of Class B Common Stock were not material.
Commercial Agreement
Concurrently with the issuance and sale of Class B Common Stock to Google, the Company and Google entered into a Master Supply, Distribution, and Marketing Agreement (the “Commercial Agreement”), pursuant to which Google has agreed to supply the Company with certain Google devices as well as certain Google video and analytics services (“Google Services”), for sale to the Company’s customers. Subject to customary termination rights related to breach and change of control, the Commercial Agreement has an initial term of seven years from the date that the Google Service is successfully integrated into the Company’s end-user security and automation platform, which is targeted for no later than June 30, 2022. Further, subject to certain carveouts, the Company has agreed to exclusively sell Google end‐user video and sensing analytics services and smart-home, security and safety devices to the Company’s customers; the exclusivity does not apply to, among others, the Company’s Blue by ADT DIY products and services, certain legacy platforms of the Company, sales of wholesale monitoring services, sales to large commercial customers, and certain devices that Google does not supply to the Company.
The Commercial Agreement specifies that each party will contribute $150 million towards the joint marketing of devices and services, customer acquisition, training of the Company’s employees for the sales, installation, customer service, and maintenance for the product and service offerings, and technology updates for products included in such offerings. Each party will contribute such funds in three equal tranches, subject to the attainment of certain milestones.
Dividends
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company declared the following dividends on common stock:
Declaration DateRecord DatePayment DateCommon Stock Dividend per ShareClass B Common Stock Dividend per Share
March 5, 2020March 19, 2020April 2, 2020$0.035$0
May 7, 2020June 18, 2020July 2, 2020$0.035$0
August 5, 2020September 18, 2020October 2, 2020$0.035$0.035
During the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Company declared dividends of $0.035 per share on Common Stock ($27 million) and $0.035 per share on Class B Common Stock ($2 million). The amount of dividends settled in shares of Common Stock during the period was not material.restrictions.
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DuringDividends
Dividends declared on common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2019, the Company declared dividends of $0.035periods presented were as follows (in thousands, except per share on Common Stock ($26 million), of which $3 million represents the portion of the dividends settled in cash and $23 million represents the portion of the dividends settled in shares of Common Stock, which resulted in the issuance of approximately 4 million shares of Common Stock, on October 2, 2019.data):
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company declared aggregate dividends of $0.105 per share on Common Stock ($81 million) and $0.035 per share on Class B Common Stock ($2 million). The amount of dividends settled in shares of Common Stock during the period was not material.
Common StockClass B Common Stock
Declaration DateRecord DatePayment DatePer ShareAggregatePer ShareAggregate
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
2/25/20213/18/20214/1/2021$0.035 $27,220 $0.035 $1,916 
5/5/20216/17/20217/1/20210.035 27,268 0.035 1,916 
8/4/20219/16/202110/5/20210.035 27,270 0.035 1,916 
Total$0.105 $81,758 $0.105 $5,748 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
3/5/20203/19/20204/2/2020$0.035 $27,117 $— $— 
5/7/20206/18/20207/2/20200.035 26,767 — — 
8/5/20209/18/202010/2/20200.035 27,047 0.035 1,916 
Total$0.105 $80,931 $0.035 $1,916 
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company declared aggregate dividends of $0.105 per share on Common Stock ($79 million). When including the October 2, 2019 payment date, approximately $11 million represents the portion of the dividends settled in cash and $68 million represents the portion of the dividends settled in shares of Common Stock, which resulted in the issuance of 11 million shares of Common Stock.
Subsequent Event -On November 5, 2020,9, 2021, the Company announced a dividend of $0.035 per share to holders of Common Stock and Class B Common Stock of record on December 21, 2020,16, 2021, which will be distributed on January 4, 2021.2022.
Other Share Repurchase ProgramActivity
In February 2019, the Company approved a dividend reinvestment plan (the “DRIP”), which allowed stockholders to designate all or a portion of the cash dividends on their shares of common stock for reinvestment in additional shares of the Company’s Common Stock. The DRIP terminated in accordance with its terms on February 27, 2021. Prior to termination, dividends settled in shares of Common Stock were not material during the periods presented.
In February 2019, the Company approved a share repurchase program (the “Share Repurchase Program”), which permitsauthorized the Company to repurchase up to $150 millionshares of the Company’s shares of Common Stock through February 27, 2021. On March 23, 2020, the Company approved an increase of $75 million, inclusive of the amount then remaining under the(up to a certain amount). The Share Repurchase Program terminated in the authorized repurchase amount and an extension of the Share Repurchase Program throughaccordance with its terms on March 23, 2021.
The Company may effect these repurchases pursuant Prior to one or more trading plans to be adopted in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 (each, a “10b5-1 plan”) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), in privately negotiated transactions, in open market transactions, or pursuant to an accelerated share repurchase program. The Company intends to conduct the Share Repurchase Program in accordance with Rule 10b-18 under the Exchange Act.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, there were 0 materialtermination, repurchases of shares of Common Stock under the Share Repurchase Program. As of September 30, 2020, the Company had approximately $75 million remaining in the Share Repurchase Program.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company repurchased 24 million shares of Common Stock for approximately $150 million. ThereProgram were no share repurchasesnot material during the three months ended September 30, 2019. All of the shares repurchased were treated as retirements and reduced the number of shares issued and outstanding. In addition, the Company recorded the excess of the purchase price over the par value per share as a reduction to additional paid-in capital.periods presented.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive LossIncome (Loss)
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the CompanyAmounts reclassified $15 million and $31 million, respectively,out of AOCI to interest expense, net, and $4 million and $8 million, respectively, of AOCI to income tax benefit associated with cash flow hedges. There were no material reclassification adjustments associated with cash flow hedges during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019.were as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)
2021202020212020
Reclassifications to interest expense, net$15,581 $15,334 $46,024 $31,001 
Reclassifications to income tax benefit$(3,791)$(3,727)$(11,197)$(7,535)
As of September 30, 2020,2021, approximately $66$44 million of AOCI associated with cash flow hedges is estimated to be reclassified to interest expense, net, within the next twelve months.
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9. Share-based Compensation
Share-based compensation expense totaled $26 million and $19 million duringrecognized in the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $75 million and $65 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations was as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)
2021202020212020
Share-based compensation expense$16,242 $26,431 $45,848 $74,758 
Restricted Stock Units
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020,2021, the Company granted approximately 126.3 million restricted stock units (“RSUs”) under theits 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan, as amended (the “2018 Plan”). These RSUs are service-based awards, primarily with a three-year graded vesting period from the date of grant. The fair value of the RSUs is equal to the closing price per share of the Company’s common stockCommon Stock on the date of grant, which resulted in a weighted-average grant date fair value of $5.95.$8.07.
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Options
DuringThe RSUs’ retirement provisions allow awards to continue to vest in accordance with the ninegranted terms in its entirety when a participant reaches retirement eligibility, as long as 12 months ended September 30, 2020,of service have been provided since the Companygrant date. RSUs are entitled to dividend equivalent units (unless otherwise stipulated in the applicable award agreement), which are granted approximately 9 million options under the 2018 Plan. These optionsas additional RSUs and are service-based awards with a three-year graded vesting period from the date of grant and have an exercise price equalsubject to the closing price per share of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, which resulted in a weight-average exercise price of $5.31,same vesting and a contractual term of ten years from the grant date.
The grant date fair values of options granted under the 2018 Plan were determined using the Black-Scholes valuation approach with the following assumptions:
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Risk-free interest rate0.51% - 1.40%
Expected exercise term (years)6.0
Expected dividend yield2.2% - 2.7%
Expected volatility45% - 46%
The risk-free interest rate was based on U.S. Treasury bonds with a zero-coupon rate. The Company did not have sufficient historical exercise data, and, as such, the Company leveraged estimates from prior option valuations as its best estimate of expected exercise term. The dividend yield was calculated by taking the annual dividend run-rate and dividing by the stock price at date of grant. The stock price volatility was implied based upon an average of historical volatility of publicly traded companies in industries similar to the Company,forfeiture conditions as the Company did not have sufficient history to use as a basis for actual stock price volatility, as well as consideration for the Company’s debt to equity ratio.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the weighted-average grant date fair value for options granted was $1.77.underlying RSUs.
10. Net (Loss) Income Per Share
The Company applies the two-class method for computing and presenting net (loss) income per share for each class of common stock. The two-class methodstock, which allocates current period net (loss) income to each class of common stock and participating securities based on (i) dividends declared and (ii) participation rights in the remaining undistributed (losses) earnings.
Basic net (loss) income per share is computed by dividing the net (loss) income allocated to each class of common stock using the two-class method by the related weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the period.
Diluted net loss(loss) income per share gives effect to all securities representing potential common shares that were dilutive and outstanding during the period for each class of common stock.
Potential shares of Common Stock include (i) incremental shares of Common Stock calculated using the treasury stock method for share-based compensation awards, and (ii) incremental shares of Common Stock issuable upon the conversion of Class B Common Stock. PotentialStock, and (iii) incremental shares of Common Stock calculated using the treasury stock method for warrants to purchase additional shares of Common Stock issued in connection with a business combination. For purposes of the diluted net (loss) income per share of Common Stock computation, all potential shares of Common Stock that would be dilutive were excluded because their effect would be anti-dilutive. As a result, basic net (loss) income per share of Common Stock is equal to diluted net (loss) income per share of Common Stock for the periods presented.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, potential shares of Class B Common Stock includeincluded (i) incremental shares of Class B Common Stock calculated using the treasury stock method for the period in which the Securities Purchase Agreement was outstanding prior to closing and (ii) incremental shares of Class B Common Stock calculated using the treasury stock method for Google’s option to purchase additional shares of Class B Common Stock prior to closing.
For purposes of the diluted net loss per share of Common Stock computation, all potential shares of Common Stock that would be dilutive were excluded because their effect would be anti-dilutive. As a result, basic net loss per share of Common Stock is equal to diluted net loss per share of Common Stock for the periods presented.
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The computationcomputations of basic and diluted net (loss) income per share for each class of common stock for the periods presented waswere as follows:follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
For the Three Months EndedFor the Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2020September 30, 2019September 30, 2020September 30, 2019
(in thousands, except per share amounts)Common StockClass B Common StockCommon StockClass B Common StockCommon StockClass B Common StockCommon StockClass B Common Stock
Allocation of net (loss) income - basic$(113,479)$381 $(181,630)$$(519,841)$(291)$(352,157)$
Effect of dilutive potential shares of Class B common stock on allocated net loss(1,498)(2,185)
Allocation of net loss - diluted$(113,479)$(1,117)$(181,630)$$(519,841)$(2,476)$(352,157)$
Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic760,913 8,331 739,852 760,203 2,797 748,500 
Dilutive potential shares of Class B common stock8,309 2,790 
Weighted-average shares outstanding - diluted760,913 16,640 739,852 760,203 5,587 748,500 
Net (loss) income per share - basic$(0.15)$0.05 $(0.25)$$(0.68)$(0.10)$(0.47)$
Net loss per share - diluted$(0.15)$(0.07)$(0.25)$$(0.68)$(0.44)$(0.47)$
Three Months Ended September 30,
20212020
Common StockClass B Common StockCommon StockClass B Common Stock
Allocation of net (loss) income - basic$(101,850)$(7,279)$(113,479)$381 
Dilutive effect of potential shares of Class B Common Stock— — — (1,498)
Allocation of net (loss) income - diluted$(101,850)$(7,279)$(113,479)$(1,117)
Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic766,814 54,745 760,913 8,331 
Dilutive potential shares of Class B Common Stock— — — 8,309 
Weighted-average shares outstanding - diluted766,814 54,745 760,913 16,640 
Net (loss) income per share - basic$(0.13)$(0.13)$(0.15)$0.05 
Net (loss) income per share - diluted$(0.13)$(0.13)$(0.15)$(0.07)

Nine Months Ended September 30,
20212020
Common StockClass B Common StockCommon StockClass B Common Stock
Allocation of net (loss) income - basic$(263,957)$(18,916)$(519,841)$(291)
Dilutive effect of potential shares of Class B Common Stock— — — (2,185)
Allocation of net (loss) income - diluted$(263,957)$(18,916)$(519,841)$(2,476)
Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic765,162 54,745 760,203 2,797 
Dilutive potential shares of Class B Common Stock— — — 2,790 
Weighted-average shares outstanding - diluted765,162 54,745 760,203 5,587 
Net (loss) income per share - basic$(0.35)$(0.35)$(0.68)$(0.10)
Net (loss) income per share - diluted$(0.35)$(0.35)$(0.68)$(0.44)
11. Income Taxes
Unrecognized Tax Benefits
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020,2021, the Company did not have a material change to its unrecognized tax benefits. The Company’s unrecognized tax benefits relate to tax years that remain subject to audit by the taxing authorities in the U.S. federal, state and local, and foreign jurisdictions. Based on the current status of its income tax audits, the Company does not believe that a significant portion of its unrecognized tax benefits will be resolved in the next twelve months.
Effective Tax Rate
The Company’s income tax benefit for the three months ended September 30, 2021 was $36 million, resulting in an effective tax rate for the period of 25.1%. The effective tax rate primarily represents the federal statutory rate of 21.0% and a state statutory tax rate, net of federal benefits, of 3.1%.
Income tax benefit for the three months ended September 30, 2020 was $28 million, resulting in an effective tax rate for the period of 19.7%. The effective tax rate primarily represents the federal statutory rate of 21.0%, a state statutory tax rate, net of federal benefits, of 2.5%, and a 3.9% unfavorable impact from non-deductible charges primarily due to the Defenders Acquisition.
IncomeThe Company’s income tax benefit for the threenine months ended September 30, 20192021 was $36$92 million, resulting in an effective tax rate for the period of 16.7%24.6%. The effective tax rate primarily represents the federal income taxstatutory rate of 21.0%, a 21.9% unfavorable impact from valuation allowances established on thestate statutory tax rate, net capital losses generated in the U.S.of federal benefits, of 2.9%, and Canada related to the sale of the Company’s Canadian operations, a 5.6% unfavorable impact from non-deductible goodwill impairment loss, offset by a 20.7%0.6% favorable impact from net capital losses generated in the U.S. and Canada related to the sale of the Company’s Canadian operations, and a 4.6% favorable impact from amendments to prior year tax returns.share-based compensation.
The Company’s income
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Income tax benefit for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $133 million, resulting in an effective tax rate for the period of 20.4%. The effective tax rate primarily represents the federal statutory tax rate of 21.0%, a state statutory tax rate, net of federal benefits, of 2.9%, a 3.0% unfavorable impact from non-deductible charges primarily due to the Defenders Acquisition, and a 1.2% unfavorable impact from an increase in valuation allowances primarily due to tax credits not expected to be utilized prior to expiration.
Income tax benefit for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $82 million, resulting in an effective tax rate for the period of 18.8%. The effective tax rate primarily represents the federal income tax rate of 21.0%, an 11.0% unfavorable impact from valuation allowances established on the net capital losses generated in the U.S. and Canada related to the sale of the Company’s Canadian operations, a 2.8% unfavorable impact from non-deductible goodwill impairment loss, offset by a 10.4% favorable impact from net capital losses generated in the U.S. and Canada related to the sale of the Company’s Canadian operations, and a 2.3% favorable impact from amendments to prior year tax returns.
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The effective tax rate can vary from period to period due to permanent tax adjustments, discrete items such as the settlement of income tax audits and changes in tax laws, as well as recurring factors such as changes in the overall state tax rate.
COVID-19 Pandemic
In response to the COVID-19 Pandemic, the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (the “2021 Rescue Act”) and the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) waswere signed into law duringin March 2021 and March 2020, respectively, and included significant corporate income tax and payroll tax provisions aimedintended to provide economic relief to address the impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic. The
During 2020, the Company is continuing to assess these corporate tax provisions and has recognized favorable cash flow impacts related to the accelerated refund of previously generated alternative minimum tax credits, as well as from the deferral of remittance of certain 2020 payroll taxes, with 50% of the deferred amount due by the end of 2021, and the remainder due by the end of 2022. The Company also expects torecognized a benefit from an increase in the interest expense limitation from 30% to 50% for tax years 2019 and 2020.
In connection with the 2021 Rescue Act, the Company noted risks of an unfavorable impact to the Company’s future results of operations and cash flows due to revised Internal Revenue Code Section 162(m) limits on the deduction for executive compensation, effective in tax years after 2026. During 2021, various revenue raising corporate tax provisions have been proposed, including a potential increase in the corporate tax rate, the enactment of a minimum tax on book income, the imposition of additional limitations on the deduction for executive compensation, as well as a potential limitation on the carryforward period of disallowed interest expense. The Company will continue to monitor and assess the potential unfavorable impacts of such proposals.
In addition, states have begun proposing and enacting legislation to address the unfavorable financial impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic, which includes tax rate changes, decoupling from favorable federal legislation under the CARES Act (such as an increased interest expense limitation from 30% to 50%), and limiting the use of net operating losses. As of September 30, 2020, there has been no material impact to the Company from these state legislative changes. However, theThe Company expects the trend to continue through the remainder of 20202021, and these changes could have material impacts to the Company’s results of operations and cash flows. The Company will continue to assess the impacts as states finalize and enact these legislative changes.
12. Commitments and Contingencies
Contractual Obligations
Except for certain commitments pursuant toDuring the Commercial Agreement,nine months ended September 30, 2021, there have been no material changes to the Company’s contractual obligations as compared to December 31, 2019.2020, except as discussed below:
The Company entered into an agreement in February 2021 with a third party to purchase customer accounts, if certain conditions are met, for up to approximately $67 million over the course of the agreement, of which approximately half have not been purchased as of September 30, 2021.
Legal Proceedings
The Company is subject to various claims and lawsuits in the ordinary course of business, which include contractual disputes; worker’s compensation; employment matters; product, general, and auto liability claims; claims that the Company has infringed on the intellectual property rights of others; claims related to alleged security system failures; and consumer and employment class actions. The Company is also subject to regulatory and governmental examinations, information requests and subpoenas, inquiries, investigations, and threatened legal actions and proceedings. In connection with such formal and informal inquiries, the Company receives numerous requests, subpoenas, and orders for documents, testimony, and information in connection with various aspects of its activities.
The Company records accruals for losses that are probable and reasonably estimable. These accruals are based on a variety of factors such as judgment, probability of loss, opinions of internal and external legal counsel, and actuarially determined estimates of claims incurred but not yet reported based upon historical claims experience. Legal costs in connection with claims and lawsuits in the ordinary course of business are expensed as incurred. Additionally, the Company records insurance recovery
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receivables from third-party insurers when recovery has been determined to be probable.
The Company’s accrual for ongoing claims and lawsuits not within scope of an insurance program was not material, and in most cases, the Company has not accrued for any losses as the ultimate outcome or the range of possible loss cannot be estimated. The Company’s accrual for ongoing claims and lawsuits within scope of an insurance program totaled $114$94 million and $105$89 million as of September 30, 20202021 and December 31, 2019,2020, respectively.
Environmental Matters
In October 2013, the Company was notified by subpoena that the Office of the Attorney General of California, in conjunction with the Alameda County District Attorney, is investigating whether the Company’s electronic waste disposal policies, procedures, and practices are in violation of the California Business and Professions Code and the California Health and Safety Code. During 2016, Protection One, Inc. was also notified by the same parties that it was subject to a similar investigation. The investigations have been inactive since December 2016 other than a status conference conducted in May 2019. The Company is coordinating joint handling of both investigations and continues to fully cooperate with the respective authorities.
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Shareholder Litigation
NaN substantially similar shareholder class action lawsuits related to the IPO in January 2018 were filed in the Circuit Court of the Fifteenth Judicial Circuit in and for Palm Beach County, Florida in March, April, and May 2018 and were consolidated for discovery and trial and entitled In re ADT Inc. Shareholder Litigation. The consolidated complaint in that action asserts claims on behalf of a putative class of shareholder plaintiffs and sought to represent a class of similarly situated shareholders for alleged violations of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). The complaint alleges that the Company defendants violated the Securities Act because the registration statement and prospectus used to effectuate the IPO were false and misleading in that they allegedly misled investors with respect to litigation involving the Company, the Company’s efforts to protect its intellectual property, and the competitive pressures faced by the Company. A similar shareholder class action lawsuit entitled Perdomo v ADT Inc., also related to the IPO in January 2018, was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida in May 2018. In September 2019, the parties reached an agreement in principle to settle both the state court and the federal court actions. In connection with the agreement, the plaintiffs in the Perdomo action voluntarily dismissed the action without prejudice in October 2019. The parties agreed to a Stipulation of Settlement in September 2020, subject to approval by the State Court. In October 2020, the State Court entered an order preliminarily approving the settlement, providing for notice to settlement class members, and setting the date for a final approval hearing in January 2021.
California Independent Contractor Litigation
In August 2017, Jabra Shuheiber filed civil litigation in Marin County Superior Court on behalf of himself and two other individuals asserting wage and hour violations against the Company. The action is entitled Jabra Shuheiber v. ADT, LLC (Case Number CV 1702912, Superior Court, Marin County). Mr. Shuheiber was the owner/operator of a sub-contractor, Maximum Protection, Inc. (“MPI”), who employed the other two plaintiffs in the litigation. In August 2018, in response to the California Supreme Court’s decision in Dynamex Operations West, Inc. v. Superior Court of Los Angeles County, counsel for Mr. Shuheiber provided the Company with a proposed amended complaint that modified the wage and hour claims such that they were brought on a class basis. The proposed class is not clearly defined but appears to be composed of two groups of individuals: 1) individual owners of sub-contractors who performed services for the sub-contractor; and 2) individuals with no ownership interest in a sub-contractor who were employed by the sub-contractor and provided services pursuant to a contract between the sub-contractor and the Company. In October 2018, the Company answered the plaintiffs’ First Amended Complaint and filed a cross-complaint against the plaintiffs’ sub-contracting company for indemnification pursuant to the term of ADT’s sub-contract. In November 2019, the parties reached a settlement agreement in principle. The settlement has been documented and received preliminary approval from the court in July 2020.
Los Angeles Alarm Permit Class Action
In June 2013, the Company was served with a class action complaint in California State Court entitled Villegas v. ADT. In this complaint, the plaintiff asserted that the Company violated certain provisions of the California Alarm Act and the Los Angeles Municipal Alarm Ordinance for its alleged failures to obtain alarm permits for its Los Angeles customers and disclose the alarm permit fee in its customer contracts. The plaintiff seeks to recover damages for putative class members who were required to pay enhanced false alarm fines as a result of the Company not obtaining a valid alarm permit at the time of alarm system installation. The case was initially dismissed by the trial court and judgment was entered in the Company’s favor in October 2014, which the plaintiff appealed. In September 2016, the California Appellate Court reversed and remanded the case back to the trial court. In November 2018, the trial court granted the plaintiff’s motion for class certification and certified four subclasses of customers who received fines from the City of Los Angeles. The parties reached a settlement agreement in principlecase settled in January 2020. The settlement has been documentedreceived preliminary approval from the court in February 2021 and a hearing on the parties’ motion for preliminary settlementfinal approval and class certification has been scheduled for Januaryin August 2021.
Wage and Hour Class Action
In January 2020, the Company acquired Defenders, which is defending against litigation brought by Teddy Archer and seven other security advisors who claim unpaid overtime under the Fair Labor Standards Act (“FLSA”(the “FLSA”), breach of contract under state law in all states, and a violation of state wage-hour laws in California, New Jersey, New York, and Washington. The lawsuit was originally filed in March 2018 in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware. During 2018, the court conditionally certified the case as an FLSA collective action. The plaintiffs seek to represent a nationwide class for unpaid wages. The parties are actively engaged in discovery.
Unauthorized Access by a Former Technician
In April 2020, after investigating a customer inquiry, the Company self-disclosed that a former technician based in Dallas, Texas had, during service visits, added his personal email address to 220approximately 200 of the Company’s customers’ accounts, which provided this employee with varying levels of unauthorized personal access to such customers’ in-home security systems. In
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response, the Company initiated an affirmative outreach effort to notify all customers affected by this activity and to address their concerns. Since the disclosure, threesix lawsuits have been filed against the Company.Company, and the Company intervened in a seventh lawsuit filed against the former technician. Four of these lawsuits are putative class actions and three are individual claims. One of the individual claims was subsequently settled.
In May 2020, the Company was served with a class action complaint in a case captioned Shana Doty v. ADT LLC and filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida. By an amended complaint, the plaintiff asserts causes of action on behalf of herself and other Company customers similarly situated, and seeks to recover damages for breach of contract, negligence, intrusion upon seclusion, violation of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, negligent hiring, supervision and retention, and intentional infliction of emotional distress. The Company moved to dismiss the plaintiff’s amended complaint. In December 2020, the federal district court dismissed the causes of action for intrusion upon seclusion and violation of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, and further ruled that plaintiff may not seek to hold the Company vicariously liable for any intentional torts committed by the former technician. The Company’s motion was denied on plaintiff’s other claims. In October 2021, plaintiff filed a motion to stay resolution of class certification, with the intent to proceed with the claim on an individual basis and not as a class action. In November 2021, the court has not ruled ongranted the motion.motion in part, giving plaintiff until January 2022 to dismiss the class allegations of her amended complaint and withdraw her Motion to Certify Class. The case will proceed thereafter as an individual action.. The matter otherwise remains pending and is in discovery.
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In June 2020, the Company was served with a class action complaint in a case captioned Alexia Preddy v. ADT LLC and filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida. By an amended complaint, the plaintiff asserts causes of action on behalf of herself and others similarly situated as individuals residing in homes of Company customers, and seeks to recover damages for negligence, intrusion upon seclusion, violation of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, negligent hiring, supervision and retention, and intentional infliction of emotional distress. The Company moved to dismiss the plaintiff’s amended complaint and to compel arbitration. In December 2020, the federal district court granted the Company’s motion to compel arbitration. The case is stayed and administratively closed pending arbitration.
In April 2021, the Company accepted service of a new class action complaint filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida on behalf of Randy Doty, the husband of the plaintiff in Shana Doty v. ADT LLC. The claims alleged in the new complaint are substantially similar to the claims asserted in Alexa Preddy v. ADT LLC, the case which has been stayed pending arbitration. In July 2021, the federal district court has notdismissed the claim for intrusion upon seclusion and ruled that the plaintiff cannot proceed on theories of vicarious liability for the motions.technician’s intentional torts. As with the Shana Doty matter, plaintiff moved to stay resolution of class certification in October 2021. By order entered in November 2021, plaintiff was given until January 2022 to dismiss the class allegations of his complaint and withdraw his Motion to Certify Class, after which the case will proceed as an individual action. The matter remains pending and is in discovery.
The Company was also served withintervened in a complaint filed inputative Texas state court by an individualclass action filed against the former technician in August 2020, where the plaintiff asserts a cause of action for intrusion upon seclusion and seeks injunctive relief. The Company customer and may also be subject to future legal claims.
13. Segment Information
Effective in the first quarter of 2021, the manner in which the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, who is the CODM, evaluates performance and makes decisions about how to allocate resources changed. Therefore, the Company now reports results in two operating and reportable segments, CSB and Commercial, rather than a single operating and reportable segment. Refer to Note 1 “Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” for a description of the Company’s segments.
Where applicable, prior periods have been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the new operating and reportable segment structure.
The CODM uses Adjusted EBITDA, which is the segment profit measure, to evaluate segment performance.
Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income or loss adjusted for (i) interest; (ii) taxes; (iii) depreciation and amortization, including depreciation of subscriber system assets and other fixed assets and amortization of dealer and other intangible assets; (iv) amortization of deferred costs and deferred revenue associated with subscriber acquisitions; (v) share-based compensation expense; (vi) merger, restructuring, integration, and other; (vii) losses on extinguishment of debt; (viii) radio conversion costs, net; and (ix) other income/gain or expense/loss items such as impairment charges, financing and consent fees, or acquisition-related adjustments.
The CODM does not review the Company's assets by segment; therefore, such information is not presented.
The following table presents total revenue by segment and a reconciliation to consolidated total revenue:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)2021202020212020
CSB$1,035,600 $1,060,388 $3,096,852 $3,273,741 
Commercial281,402 238,536 829,271 726,322 
Total Revenue$1,317,002 $1,298,924 $3,926,123 $4,000,063 
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The following table presents Adjusted EBITDA by segment and a reconciliation to consolidated net loss before taxes:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)2021202020212020
Adjusted EBITDA by segment:
CSB$528,680 $548,965 $1,558,055 $1,636,726 
Commercial25,630 14,844 80,251 29,682 
Total$554,310 $563,809 $1,638,306 $1,666,408 
Reconciliation to consolidated net loss before taxes:
Total segment Adjusted EBITDA$554,310 $563,809 $1,638,306 $1,666,408 
Less:
Interest expense, net133,275 156,759 347,524 569,391 
Depreciation and intangible asset amortization480,010 473,346 1,424,090 1,440,239 
Amortization of deferred subscriber acquisition costs32,534 24,810 91,364 70,226 
Amortization of deferred subscriber acquisition revenue(45,020)(31,329)(122,908)(90,346)
Share-based compensation expense16,242 26,431 45,848 74,758 
Merger, restructuring, integration, and other(6,723)(6,117)18,588 114,715 
Loss on extinguishment of debt36,957 48,916 37,113 114,759 
Radio conversion costs, net(1)
52,295 12,641 171,659 24,311 
Other365 (851)(19)1,981 
Net loss before taxes$(145,625)$(140,797)$(374,953)$(653,626)
___________________
(1)Refer to Note 1 “Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for further details.
14. Related Party Transactions
The Company’s related party transactions primarily relate to management, consulting, and transaction advisory services provided by Apollo, as well as monitoring and related services provided to or products and services received from other entities controlled by Apollo. There were no significant related party transactions for the three or nine months ended September 30, 20202021 and 2019.2020.
During October 2020, the Company entered into a master services agreement with Rackspace US, Inc., a related party, for the provision of cloud storage, equipment, and services to facilitate the implementation of the Company’s cloud migration strategy for certain applications. The master services agreement includes a minimum purchase commitment of $50 million over a 7 year term.
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
INTRODUCTION
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto, included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20192020 (the “2019“2020 Annual Report”), which was filed with the United States (“U.S.”) Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 10, 2020,February 25, 2021, to enhance theobtain a more comprehensive understanding of our financial condition, changes in financial condition, and results of operations. The following discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements about our business, operations, and financial performance based on current plans and estimates that involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. Actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause such differences are discussed in the sections of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q titled “Cautionary Statements Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Item 1A. Risk Factors.”
OVERVIEW
ADT Inc., together with its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”, “we”, “our”, “us”,“Company,” “we,” “our,” “us,” and “ADT”), is a leading provider of security, automation, and smart home solutions serving consumerconsumers and business customersbusinesses in the United States (“U.S.”). We offer many ways to help protect and connect customers by providing 24/7 professional monitoring services as well as delivering lifestyle-driven solutions viathrough professionally installed, do-it-yourself (“DIY”), mobile, and digital-based offerings for consumer,residential, small business, and larger commercial customers. We are one of the largest full-service security and home automation companies with a national footprint, and we deliver an integrated customer experience by maintaining the industry’s largest sales, installation, and service field force, as well as a 24/7 professional monitoring network. As of September 30, 2021, we served approximately 6.6 million recurring customers, excluding contracts monitored but not owned.
Our security and automation offerings involve the installation and monitoring of security and premises automation systemsare designed to detect intrusion; control access; sense movement, smoke, fire, carbon monoxide, flooding, temperature, and other environmental conditions and hazards; and address personal emergencies, such as injuries, medical emergencies, or incapacitation. Our productsUpon the occurrence of certain initiating events, monitored security systems send event-specific signals to our monitoring centers. According to the customer’s service contract and services includepreferences, our monitoring center personnel respond to alarms by relaying appropriate information to first responders, such as local police, fire departments, or medical emergency response centers; the customer; or others on the customer’s emergency contact list. We continue to innovate and invest in our alarm verification technologies, as well as partner with industry associations and various first responder agencies to help prioritize response events and enhance response policies.
The vast majority of new customers enroll in interactive and smart home solutions, which allow our customers to remotely monitor and manage their residential and commercial environments. Depending on the service plan and type of product
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installation, customers are able to remotely access information regarding the security of their residential or commercial environment,environments, arm and disarm their security systems, adjust lighting or thermostat levels, monitor and react to defined events, or view real-time video, from cameras covering different areas of their premisesall through a customized web portal from web-enabled devices (such as smart phones, laptops,phones). Customers can also create and tablet computers) and a customized web portal. Additionally, our interactive and smart home solutions enable customers to create customized and automatedautomate custom schedules for managing connected devices such as lights, thermostats, appliances, garage doors, and cameras, and other connected devices. Theseas well as program their systems can also be programmed to perform additional functions such asincluding recording and viewing live video and sending text messages or other alerts based on certain triggering events or conditions.
As part of our innovative and dynamic growth markets, we We are also extending the concept of security from the physical home or business to personal, on-the-go security and safety and cybersecurity. Customers’ increasingly mobile and active lifestyles have created new opportunities for us in the fast-growing market for self-monitored DIY products and mobile technology. Oursolutions by integrating our technology also allows us to integrate with various third-party connected and wearable devices so thatdevices. Additionally, we can serviceutilize our security monitoring infrastructure to help customers whether they are at home or on-the-go.sustain independent living and encourage better self-care activities with our personal emergency response system products and services.
As of September 30,In November 2020, we served approximately 6.5 million recurring customers, excluding contracts monitored but not owned.announced the ongoing development of our ADT-owned next generation professional security and automation technology platform, which is currently being developed in coordination with Google LLC (“Google”). We are one ofexpect this platform will offer a seamless experience across security, life safety, automation, and analytics through a common application. Additionally, we expect the largest full-service companies with a national footprintplatform will integrate the user experience, customer service experience, and we deliver an integrated customer experience by maintaining the industry’s largest sales, installation, and service field force, as well as a 24/7 professional monitoring network.back-end support.
BASIS OF PRESENTATION
All financial information presented in this section has been prepared in U.S. dollars in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and includes the accounts of ADT Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated.
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Segment Change
Effective in the first quarter of 2021, the manner in which our Chief Executive Officer, who is the chief operating decision maker (the “CODM”), evaluates performance and makes decisions about how to allocate resources changed. Therefore, we now report results in two operating and reportable segments, Consumer and Small Business (“CSB”) and Commercial, rather than a single operating and reportable segment. Where applicable, prior periods have been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the new operating and reportable segment structure.
We report financialorganize our segments based on customer type as follows:
Consumer and Small Business (CSB) - Customers in our CSB segment are comprised of residential homeowners, small business operators, and other individual consumers. Our CSB segment primarily includes (i) revenue and operating costs from the sale, installation, servicing, and monitoring of integrated security and automation systems, as well as other offerings such as mobile security and home health solutions; (ii) other operating costs associated with support functions related to these operations; and (iii) general corporate costs and other income and expense items not included in the Commercial segment.
Results for our Canadian operations prior to its sale in the fourth quarter of 2019 are included in the CSB segment based on the primary customer market served in Canada.
Commercial - Customers in our Commercial segment are comprised of larger businesses with more expansive facilities (typically larger than 10,000 square feet) and/or multi-site operations, which often require more sophisticated integrated solutions. Our Commercial segment primarily includes (i) revenue and operating costs from the sale, installation, servicing, and monitoring of integrated security and automation systems, fire detection and suppression systems, and other related offerings; (ii) other operating costs associated with support functions related to these operations; and (iii) dedicated corporate and other costs.
Our CODM uses Adjusted EBITDA, which is the segment profit measure, to evaluate segment performance. Our definition of Adjusted EBITDA, a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net loss, and additional information, in one segment.including a description of the limitations relating to the use of Adjusted EBITDA, are provided under “—Non-GAAP Measures.”
FACTORS AFFECTING OPERATING RESULTS
Our subscriber-based business requiresofferings require significant upfront investment to generate new customers, which in turn providesprovide predictable recurring revenue generated from our monitoring and other services. In order to optimize returns on customer acquisitions and cash flow generation, we focus on the following key drivers of our business: best-in-class customer service; customer retention;drivers: disciplined, high-quality customer additions; efficient customer acquisition; best-in-class customer service; customer retention; and costs incurred to provide ongoing services to customers.
Our ability to add new subscriberscustomers depends on the overall demand for our products and services, which is driven by a number of external factors. The overall economic condition in the geographies in which we operate can impact our ability to attract new customers and grow our business in all customer channels. Growth in our residential customer base can be influenced by the overall state of the housing market. Growthmarket, while growth in our commercial customer base can be influenced by the rate at which new businesses begin operationsare formed or existing businesses grow. The demand for our products and services is also impacted by the perceived threat of crime, as well as the price and quality of the service ofour offerings compared to our competitors.
The monthlyA portion of our customer base can be expected to cancel its service every year. Customers may choose not to renew or may terminate their contracts for a variety of reasons, including relocation, cost, loss to competition, or service issues. Attrition has a direct impact on our financial results, including revenue, operating income, and cash flows.
Monthly fees that we generategenerated from any individual customer vary based on the level of service provided and customer tenure. We offer a wide range of services at various price points from basic burglar alarm monitoring to our full suite of interactive services.services, as well as our fire detection and suppression systems and other Commercial offerings. Our ability to increase monthly fees at the individual customer level depends on a number of factors, including our ability to effectively introduce and market additional features and services that increaseservices. We believe this increases the value of our offerings to customers, which we believeand drives customers to purchase higher levels of service, andas well as supports our ability to make periodic adjustments to pricing.
A portion of our customer base can be expected to cancel its service every year. Customers In addition, we may choose not to renew or may terminate their contracts forexperience an increase in costs associated with offering a wider variety of reasons, including, but not limitedproducts and services, as well as an increase in costs associated with providing more interactive services.
We are subject to relocation, cost, lossrisk associated with certain supply chain disruptions. While we have only experienced minimal impact in our Commercial operations and in the development of new products due to competition, or service issues. Attrition hassupply chain disruptions, we continue to monitor and
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react to events impacting the global supply chain as we could experience a directmaterial impact onto our financial results, includingsales and revenue, operating income,results, cash flows, and cash flows.ability to commercialize new products in the future.
COVID-19 Pandemic
During March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of a novel coronavirus as a pandemic (the “COVID-19 Pandemic”), which has become increasingly widespread in the U.S. Containment efforts and. While responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic have varied by individuals, businesses, and state and local municipalities, and in certain areas of the U.S, initial and precautionary measures helped mitigate the spread of the coronavirus. However, subsequent easing of such measures resulted in the re-emergence of the coronavirus. The COVID-19 Pandemic has had acertain notable adverse impactimpacts on general economic conditions, including but not limited to the temporary and permanent closures of many businesses, increased governmental regulations, supply chain disruptions, and reducedchanges in consumer spending due to significant unemployment and other effects attributable to the COVID-19 Pandemic. In order to continue to serviceTo protect our employees and serve our customers, we have adjustedimplemented and are continuously evolving certain aspects of our
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operations to protect employees and customers, which includesmeasures, such as (i) detailed protocols for infectious disease safety for employees, (ii) the implementation ofemployee daily wellness checks, for employees, and (iii) the implementation ofcertain work from home actions, including for the majority of our call center professionals.
While the COVID-19 Pandemic has impacted our commercial channelbusinesses to a greater extent than our residential channel,businesses, we believe our overall recurring revenue and highly variable subscriber acquisition cost model provides a solid financial foundation for strong cash flow generation. Accordingly, weWe anticipate havingmaintaining sufficient liquidity and capital resources to continue (1)(i) providing essential services, (2)(ii) satisfying our debt requirements, and (3)(iii) having the ability to return capital to our stockholders in the form of a regular quarterly dividend during the currentthis challenging macroeconomic environment and the slowdown brought on by the COVID-19 Pandemic. environment.
We have not sought or requested government assistance as a result of the COVID-19 Pandemic, but we do expect to recognizedid experience a favorable cash flowsflow impact and other benefits associated with certain income tax and payroll tax provisions of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”). While we have incurred additional costs associated with providing personal protective equipment for our employees and implementing certain work from home actions, we also instituted various temporary cost control measures. Furthermore,In addition, we believe uncertainties around the economic downturn, the recent civil unrest, and continued economicenvironment and COVID-19 Pandemic uncertainties increasehave increased consumer and business awareness of the need for security, which together with an anticipatedsecurity.
Prior to 2020, new customer additions and our disconnect rates on residential customers have typically been higher during the second and third calendar quarters of each year relative to the first and fourth quarters due to several factors, such as the timing of household moves. We believe the COVID-19 Pandemic affected these seasonal trends beginning in 2020. We also believe the lower volume of customer relocations we experienced during 2020 and the utilizationour use of temporary pricing and retention initiatives for existing customers may helphelped counterbalance any increase in gross customer revenue attrition that we may experience as a result of reducedchanges in consumer or business spending caused by the COVID-19 Pandemic. Finally,We are currently unable to determine whether there will be any ongoing impact on our seasonality, and we may see opportunities for additional acquisitions, continued investmentcontinue to experience fluctuations in potential new revenue streams or capabilities, and low cost bulk account purchases.certain trends, such as relocations, in the future.
We considered the emergenceon-going and pervasive economic impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in our assessment of our financial position, results of operations, cash flows, and certain accounting estimates as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020. Due to2021. However, the evolving and uncertain nature of the COVID-19 Pandemic, it is possible thatas well as the effectsevolving nature of the COVID-19 Pandemicregulatory environment which may require vaccine mandates or other actions that could impact our employee base or impose additional costs on our business, could materially impact our estimates and condensed consolidated financial statementsresults in future reporting periods.
Radio Conversion Costs
The providers ofDuring 2019, we commenced a program to replace the 3G and Code-Division Multiple Access (“CDMA”) cellular networks have notifiedequipment used in many of our security systems as a result of the cellular network providers notifying us that they will be retiring their 3G and CDMA networks during 2022. Accordingly, during 2019We estimate that we commenced a program to replace the 3G and CDMA cellular equipment used in many of our security systems. We continue to estimate the range of net costs for this replacement program at $200will incur approximately $260 million to $325 million through 2022, of which we have incurred $49 million through September 30, 2020. We expect to incur $50 million to $75- $290 million of net costs during 2020,related to this program. From inception of this program through September 30, 2021, we incurred $249 million of net costs, of which we have$172 million was incurred $24 million for the nine months endedduring 2021.
As of September 30, 2020. These amounts2021, we provided services to approximately 480 thousand remaining customer sites transmitting signals via 3G or CDMA networks, which have sunset dates in February and ranges are netDecember 2022. Given these current network retirement dates, we expect to incur any remaining costs through 2022, with the majority of anycosts expected to be incurred during the fourth quarter of 2021. We also expect to continue to collect incremental revenue related to the program through 2023, some of which may be received after the applicable sunset dates.
During November 2020, we collect fromacquired Cell Bounce, a technology company with proprietary radio conversion technology in the form of a user-installable device, which was intended to facilitate the transition of customers associated withon 3G networks in a cost efficient and timely manner. As a result of worldwide shortages for certain electronic components impacting Cell Bounce device production, we expect to continue to replace 3G radios primarily using traditional methods and to use Cell Bounce product to complement these radio replacements and cellular network conversions. We seekmethods to minimize these costs by converting customers during routine service visits wheneverthe extent possible. The replacement programcost and pace of replacement are subject to change and may bethe program is influenced by our ability to access customer sites due to various factors such as the COVID-19 Pandemic,Pandemic; our ability to convert customers during routine service
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visits whenever possible; cost-sharing opportunities with suppliers, carriers, and customers; and the extent to which we are able to implement our Cell Bounce solution. Any supply chain disruptions may impact our ability to convert customers as well as newprior to the sunset dates, and innovative technologies.we may see revenue attrition for any customers not converted by such time.
Google Commercial Agreement
Concurrently with the issuance and sale of common stock to Google LLC (“Google”), we entered into a Master Supply, Distribution, and Marketing Agreement with Google (the “Commercial Agreement”), pursuant to which Google has agreed to supply us with certain Google devices, as well as certain Google video and analytics services, (“Google Services”), for sale to our customers. Subjectcustomers pursuant to customarya Master Supply, Distribution, and Marketing Agreement (the “Google Commercial Agreement”), which also sets forth certain termination rights related to breachof the parties, certain exclusivity obligations of the Company in favor of Google, and changecertain other rights and obligations of control, the parties, all as described in our public filings with the SEC.
The Google Commercial Agreement has an initial term of seven years from the date that the Google Service is successfully integrated into our end-user security and automation platform, which is targeted for no later than June 30, 2022. If the integrated service is not launched by June 30, 2022 then we will be required to offer Google Services without integration for professional installations except for existing customers who already have ADT Pulse or ADT Control interactive services until such integration has been made. Further, subject to certain carveouts, we have agreed to exclusively sell Google end‐user video and sensing analytics services and smart-home, security and safety devices to our customers; the exclusivity does not apply to, among others, Blue by ADT DIY products and services, certain of our legacy platforms, sales large commercial customers, and certain devices that Google does not supply to us.
The Commercial Agreement also contains customary termination rights for both parties. In addition, Google has rights to terminate the Commercial Agreement if (i) we divest any part of our direct to consumer business and the acquiring entity does not agree to assume all obligations under the Commercial Agreement, or (ii) we breach certain provisions of the Commercial Agreement and do not cure such breaches. In the event that we breach the Commercial Agreement in a manner reasonably likely to result in a material adverse effect on Google’s business or brand, or we breach certain data security and privacy obligations under the Commercial Agreement, we must suspend the sale of Google Services and certain devices during the applicable cure period. Upon termination of the Commercial Agreement, we will no longer have rights to sell the Google
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Service or devices to new customers, subject to an applicable transition period. In addition, the Google Services may not be accessible by our customers through our integrated end-user application during any cure period for our breach of certain data security and privacy provisions of the Commercial Agreement or upon termination of the agreement for a breach of such provisions.
The Commercial Agreementfurther specifies that each party willshall contribute $150 million towards the joint marketing of devices and services,services; customer acquisition,acquisition; training of our employees foron the sales, installation, customer service, and maintenance forof the product and service offerings,offerings; and technology updates for products included in such offerings. Each party willis required to contribute such funds in three equal tranches, subject to the attainment of certain milestones.
Next Generation Platform
On November 5, 2020, we announced our ongoing development work in connection with the internal build of a next generation professional security and home automation technology platform in coordination with Google. The differentiated platform will leverage artificial intelligence and machine learning, including intelligent alarm and video verification, to improve ADT’s security offering and create a more connected, helpful home.
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS
The comparability of our results of operations has been impacted by the following:following events:
Disposition of Canadian Operations
During November 2019, we sold ADT Security Services Canada, Inc. (“ADT Canada”) to TELUS Corporation (“TELUS”) for a selling price of $514 million (CAD $676 million). In connection with the sale of ADT Canada, we entered into a transition services agreement with TELUS whereby we will provide certain post-closing services to TELUS related to the business of ADT Canada. Additionally, we entered into a non-competitionRevenue Model Initiative and non-solicitation agreement with TELUS pursuant to which we will not have any operations in Canada, subject to limited exceptions for cross-border commercial customers and mobile safety applications, for a period of seven years. Finally, we entered into a patent and trademark license agreement with TELUS granting the usage of our trademarks and patents in Canada to TELUS for a period of seven years.
The sale of ADT Canada did not represent a strategic shift that will have a major effect on our operations and financial results, and therefore, did not meet the criteria to be reported as discontinued operations.
Defenders Acquisition
During January 2020, we acquired Defender Holdings, Inc. (“Defenders”) (the “Defenders Acquisition”), which represented the acquisition of our largest independent dealer, for total consideration of approximately $290 million, which consisted of cash paid of $173 million, net of cash acquired, and the issuance of approximately 16 million shares of our common stock, par value of $0.01 per share, (“Common Stock”) with a fair value of $114 million. In connection with the Defenders Acquisition, we settled a pre-existing relationship with Defenders in the amount of $81 million.
Equipment Ownership Model Change
DuringIn February 2020, we launched a new revenue model initiative for certain residential customers, which (i) revised the amount and nature of fees due at installation, (ii) introduced a 60 month60-month monitoring contract option, and (iii) introduced a new retail installment contract which allowsoption allowing qualifying residential customers to repaypay the fees due at installation over the course of a 24, 36,24-, 36-, or 60 month60-month interest-free period. Due to the requirements of our initial third-party consumer financing program, we also transitioned our security system ownership model from a predominately Company-owned model to a predominately customer-owned model (the “Equipment Ownership Model Change”).model.
DuringIn March 2020, we entered into an uncommitted receivables securitization financing agreement (the “Receivables Facility”). Under the terms of the Receivables Facility, we may, which allowed us to receive up to $200 million of financing secured by retail installment contract receivables from transactions involving security systems that were sold under a customer-owned model. DuringIn April 2020, we amended the Receivables Facility to also permit financing secured by retail installment contract receivables from transactions occurring under thea Company-owned model. During May 2020,As a result, we started to transitionbegan transitioning our security system ownership model back to a predominately Company-owned model in May 2020. In addition, our residential transactions included a temporary increase in transactions sold under a customer-owned model as a result of, this amendment.
In connection with the above, and with respect to transactions arising through Defenders, which has historically used a customer-owned ownership model, subsequent to, the Defenders Acquisition, ouracquisition of Defender Holdings, Inc. (“Defenders”) (the “Defenders Acquisition”) in January 2020. Substantially all new residential transactions since March 2021 take place under a Company-owned model.
We expect these changes to continue to impact our results of operations and cash flow presentation during the three and nine months ended September 30,2021 compared to 2020 included an increase in transactions based on a customer-owned model. In connection
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with our transition backdue to different accounting policies applicable to a Company-owned model we do not expect to experience the same level of revenue growth subsequent to September 30, 2020 as reported inversus a customer-owned model. We cannot be certain our results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020. We are in the early stages of our new revenue model initiative, and we cannot be certain that this initiativeas described above, or ourthe transition back to a predominately Company-owned model, which is anticipated to include transactions arising through Defenders beginning in 2021, will achieve the desired outcomes. Accordingly, the results of the new revenue model initiative and impact of our transition back to a predominately Company-owned modelthese actions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and key performance indicators.
Sunpro Solar Acquisition
In November 2021, we entered into a Purchase Agreement to acquire Compass Solar Group, LLC (“Sunpro Solar”) (the “Sunpro Solar Acquisition”), a leading provider of residential solar installation. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the base purchase price consists of $160 million in cash and approximately 77.8 million shares of our common stock, subject to adjustment as set forth in the Purchase Agreement. Upon the consummation of this transaction, Sunpro Solar will become our indirect wholly-owned subsidiary. The consummation of this transaction is subject to customary closing conditions and regulatory approvals and is expected to occur in the fourth quarter of 2021.
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KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
In evaluating our results, we utilize key performance indicators, which include the non-GAAP measuresmeasure Adjusted EBITDA, as well as certain other operating metrics such as recurring monthly revenue and gross customer revenue attrition. Our computationsComputations of our key performance indicators may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures reported by other companies. Additionally, ourCertain operating metric key performance indicatorsmetrics are approximated, as there may be variations to reported results in each period due to certain adjustments we might make in connection with the integration over several periods of acquired companies that calculated these metrics differently, or otherwise, including periodic reassessments and refinements in the ordinary course of business. These refinements, for example, may include changes due to systems conversionconversions or historical methodology differences in legacy systems.
Recurring Monthly Revenue (“RMR”)
RMR is generated by contractual recurring fees for monitoring and other recurring services provided to our customers, including contracts monitored but not owned.customers. We believe the presentation of RMR is useful because it measures the volume of revenue under contract at a given point in time.
Gross Customer Revenue Attrition
A portion of our customer base can be expected to cancel its service every year. Customers may choose not to renew or may terminate their contracts for a variety of reasons, including, but not limited to, relocation, cost, loss to competition, or service issues. Gross customer revenue attrition has a direct impact on our financial results, including revenue, operating income, and cash flows.
Gross customer revenue attrition is defined as RMR lost as a result of customer attrition, net of dealer charge-backs and reinstated customers, excluding contracts monitored but not owned and DIY customers. Customer sites are considered canceled when all services are terminated. Dealer charge-backs represent customer cancellations charged back to the dealers because the customer canceled service during the charge-back period, which is generally twelve to fifteenthirteen months.
Gross customer revenue attrition is calculated on a trailing twelve-month basis, the numerator of which is the RMR lost during the period due to attrition, net of dealer charge-backs and reinstated customers, excluding contracts monitored but not owned and DIY customers, and the denominator of which is total annualized RMR based on an average of RMR under contract at the beginning of each month during the period.
We believe the presentation of gross customer revenue attrition is useful as it has a direct impact on our financial results, including revenue, operating income, and cash flows.
Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted EBITDA is aWe believe the non-GAAP measure that we believeAdjusted EBITDA is useful to investors to measure the operational strength and performance of our business. Our definition of Adjusted EBITDA, a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss)loss (the most comparable GAAP measure), and additional information, including a description of the limitations relating to the use of Adjusted EBITDA, are provided under “—Non-GAAP Measures.”
Free Cash Flow
Free Cash Flow is a non-GAAP measure that our management employs to measure cash that is available to repay debt, make other investments, and pay dividends. Our definition of Free Cash Flow, a reconciliation of Free Cash Flow to cash flows from operating activities (the most comparable GAAP measure), and additional information, including a description of the limitations relating to the use of Free Cash Flow, are provided under “—Non-GAAP Measures.”
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Three Months Ended September 30, 20202021 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 20192020
The following table sets forthpresents our condensed consolidated results of operations and key performance indicators for the periods presented.indicators:
(in thousands, except as otherwise indicated)(in thousands, except as otherwise indicated)For the Three Months Ended(in thousands, except as otherwise indicated)Three Months Ended September 30,
Results of Operations:Results of Operations:September 30, 2020September 30, 2019$
Change
Results of Operations:20212020$ Change
Monitoring and related servicesMonitoring and related services$1,045,677 $1,093,564 $(47,887)Monitoring and related services$1,098,389 $1,045,677 $52,712 
Installation and otherInstallation and other253,247 207,006 46,241 Installation and other218,613 253,247 (34,634)
Total revenueTotal revenue1,298,924 1,300,570 (1,646)Total revenue1,317,002 1,298,924 18,078 
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)357,895 356,556 1,339 Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)371,985 357,895 14,090 
Selling, general and administrative expenses410,933 378,645 32,288 
Selling, general, and administrative expensesSelling, general, and administrative expenses448,634 410,914 37,720 
Depreciation and intangible asset amortizationDepreciation and intangible asset amortization473,346 505,832 (32,486)Depreciation and intangible asset amortization480,010 473,346 6,664 
Merger, restructuring, integration, and otherMerger, restructuring, integration, and other(6,117)9,800 (15,917)Merger, restructuring, integration, and other(6,723)(6,117)(606)
Goodwill impairment— 45,482 (45,482)
Loss on sale of business(19)55,489 (55,508)
Operating income (loss)62,886 (51,234)114,120 
Operating incomeOperating income23,096 62,886 (39,790)
Interest expense, netInterest expense, net(156,759)(152,431)(4,328)Interest expense, net(133,275)(156,759)23,484 
Loss on extinguishment of debtLoss on extinguishment of debt(48,916)(14,532)(34,384)Loss on extinguishment of debt(36,957)(48,916)11,959 
Other incomeOther income1,992 200 1,792 Other income1,511 1,992 (481)
Loss before income taxesLoss before income taxes(140,797)(217,997)77,200 Loss before income taxes(145,625)(140,797)(4,828)
Income tax benefitIncome tax benefit27,699 36,367 (8,668)Income tax benefit36,496 27,699 8,797 
Net lossNet loss$(113,098)$(181,630)$68,532 Net loss$(109,129)$(113,098)$3,969 
Key Performance Indicators: (1)
Key Performance Indicators: (1)
Key Performance Indicators: (1)
RMRRMR$341,367 $351,381 $(10,014)RMR$356,341 $341,367 $14,974 
Gross customer revenue attrition (percent)Gross customer revenue attrition (percent)12.9 %13.5 %(60) bpsGross customer revenue attrition (percent)13.4 %12.9 %N/A
Adjusted EBITDA (2)
Adjusted EBITDA (2)
$563,809 $624,476 $(60,667)
Adjusted EBITDA (2)
$554,310 $563,809 $(9,499)
_______________________
(1)Refer to the “—Key Performance Indicators” section for the definitions of these key performance indicator.indicators.
(2)Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure. Refer to the “—Non-GAAP Measures” section for the definition of this term and reconciliation to the most comparable GAAP measure.
N/A—Not applicable.
Monitoring and Related Services Revenue (“M&S Revenue”)
M&S Revenue in total and by segment were as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)20212020$ Change
CSB$975,810 $940,493 $35,317 
Commercial122,579 105,184 17,395 
Total M&S Revenue$1,098,389 $1,045,677 $52,712 
The decreaseincrease in monitoring and related servicestotal M&S Revenue was primarily attributable to higher recurring revenue in our CSB segment, which was driven by a decrease in recurring revenue due to the sale of ADT Canada. This decrease was partially offset by an increase in recurring revenue in the U.S. largely due to(i) improvements in average pricing as new and existing residential customers selected higher priced interactive services. Average customer count remained relatively flat due to recent improvementsand other services and (ii) an increase in attrition and customer additions.
The decrease in RMR to $341 million asthe number of September 30, 2020 from $351 million as of September 30, 2019 wascustomers over the period primarily due to a higher volume of dealer-generated and bulk account purchases. The increase in Commercial was driven by higher recurring revenue primarily due to an increase in the salenumber of ADT Canada, which decreased RMR by approximately $16 million. The decreasecustomers over the period, including the acquisition of businesses and customer accounts and improvements in customer retention.
Refer to the discussion below under “—M&S Revenue” for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to 2020 for changes in RMR was partially offset by improvements in average pricing in the U.S. As of September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, gross customer revenue attrition was 12.9% and 13.5%, respectively. The improvement in attrition was primarily due to fewer customer relocations and the benefit of customer retention initiatives.attrition.
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Installation and Other Revenue
The increaseInstallation and other revenue in total and by segment were as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)20212020$ Change
CSB$59,790 $119,895 $(60,105)
Commercial158,823 133,352 25,471 
Total installation and other revenue$218,613 $253,247 $(34,634)
Total installation and other revenue wasdecreased primarily due to higherCSB, which was driven by a lower volume of revenue from equipment sold outright to residential customerssales transactions partially offset by additional amortization of deferred subscriber acquisition revenue as a result of the Defenders Acquisition. This increase was partially offset by (i) a decrease in the volume of revenue from equipment sold outright to commercial customers as a result of the COVID-19 Pandemic and (ii) the sale of ADT Canada.
In connection with the anticipatedour transition of residential transactions arising through Defenders to a predominately Company-owned modelmodel. The increase in 2021, we do not expect to experienceCommercial was driven by an increase in installation revenue in the same level of revenue growth in future periodscurrent period as compared to our results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2020.
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prior period which was impacted by the COVID-19 Pandemic, as well as from acquisitions.
Cost of Revenue
Cost of revenue in total and by segment were as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)20212020$ Change
CSB$172,483 $190,827 $(18,344)
Commercial199,502 167,068 32,434 
Total cost of revenue$371,985 $357,895 $14,090 
The increase in total cost of revenue was relatively flat and includeddriven by an increase in Commercial, which was primarily due to higher installation costs, associated with a higher volume of transactionsas well as field service and call center costs, in the current period as compared to the prior period which equipment was sold outright to residential customersimpacted by the COVID-19 Pandemic, as a result of the Defenders Acquisition. This increasewell as from acquisitions. The decrease in CSB was partially offsetprimarily driven by (i) a decrease in installation costs associated withdue to a lower volume of transactions in which equipment was sold outright to commercial customerssales transactions as a result of the COVID-19 Pandemic and (ii) the sale of ADT Canada.
In connection with the anticipatedour transition of residential transactions arising through Defenders to a predominately Company-owned model in 2021, we do not expect to experience the same level of increase in cost of revenue in future periods as compared to our results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2020.model.
Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses
The increase in selling, general, and administrative expenses was primarily due to $78driven by a $41 million of incremental expenses associated with the Defenders Acquisition and an increase in radio conversion costs primarily related to an increase in the number and cost of $9 million. These increases were partially offset by (i) a reduction in financing and consent fees of $22 million associated with financing transactions in 2019, (ii) a $16 million decrease in advertising expenses (exclusive of incremental advertising expenses from recent acquisitions), (iii) $6 million from an estimated legal settlement, net of insurance, in 2019, and (iv) a reduction of expenses of $6 million due to the sale of ADT Canada.conversions.
Depreciation and Intangible Asset Amortization
The decreaseincrease in depreciation and intangible asset amortization expense was primarily due to a decreasedriven by increases in amortization of $24 million associated withcustomer contracts acquired under the sale of ADT Canada as well as a decrease in theAuthorized Dealer Program and from other third parties and depreciation of subscriber system assets.assets, partially offset by a decrease in amortization of customer relationships.
Merger, Restructuring, Integration, and Other
The decrease in merger,Merger, restructuring, integration, and other was primarily duecomprised of gains related to gains and losses recognized on a strategic investment, which had a gainthe remeasurement of $11 millionliability-classified contingent consideration during the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to a loss of $5 million2021, and fair value adjustments associated with strategic equity investments during the three months ended September 30, 2019.2020.
Interest Expense, net
The increasedecrease in interest expense, net, was primarily due to (i) $19driven by a $15 million related to our variable-rate first lien term loans, net of the impact of our interest rate swaps, and (ii) $3 million related to our fixed-rate first lien notes due to our refinancing transactions during September 2020 and September 2019. These increases were partially offset by (i) a decreaseincrease in interest expense of $9 million related to the changes in fair value ofunrealized gains on interest rate swap contracts not designated as a result of cash flow hedges no longer being highly effective, and (ii) $9 million relatedprimarily due to our second lien notes as a resultan increase in the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”). The remainder of a reduction in interest ratethe decrease was primarily due to our first lien term loan refinancing duringin January 2020.2021.
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Loss on Extinguishment of Debt
During the three months ended September 30, 2021, loss on extinguishment of debt totaled $37 million and was primarily due to the call premium and write-off of unamortized fair value adjustments in connection with the $1.0 billion redemption of the 3.50% notes due 2022 (“ADT Notes due 2022”) in August 2021 (“ADT Notes due 2022 Redemption”).
During the three months ended September 30, 2020, loss on extinguishment of debt totaled $49 million and relatedwas primarily due to the call premium and write-off of unamortized fair value adjustments in connection with the $1$1.0 billion redemption of our 6.250%6.25% notes due 2021 (the “ADT Notes due 2021”) in September 2020.
DuringIncome Tax Benefit
Income tax benefit for the three months ended September 30, 2019, loss on extinguishment2021 was $36 million, resulting in an effective tax rate for the period of debt totaled $15 million, which25.1%. The effective tax rate primarily related torepresents the partial write-offfederal statutory rate of unamortized deferred financing costs21.0% and discount in connection with the amendment and restatement to our first lien credit agreement in September 2019.
Income Tax Benefita state statutory tax rate, net of federal benefits, of 3.1%.
Income tax benefit for the three months ended September 30, 2020 was $28 million, resulting in an effective tax rate for the period of 19.7%. The effective tax rate primarily represents the federal statutory rate of 21.0%, a state statutory tax rate, net of federal benefits, of 2.5%, and a 3.9% unfavorable impact from non-deductible charges primarily due to the DefendersDefenders. Acquisition.
Income tax benefit for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was $36 million, resulting in an effective tax rate for the period of 16.7%. The effective tax rate primarily represents the federal income tax rate of 21.0%, a 21.9% unfavorable impact from valuation allowances established on the net capital losses generated in the U.S. and Canada related to the sale of ADT Canada, a 5.6% unfavorable impact from non-deductible goodwill impairment loss, offset by a 20.7% favorable impact from
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net capital losses generated in the U.S. and Canada related to the sale of ADT Canada, and a 4.6% favorable impact from amendments to prior year tax returns.
The effective tax rate can vary from period to period due to permanent tax adjustments, discrete items such as the settlement of income tax audits and changes in tax laws, as well as recurring factors such as changes in the overall state tax rate.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 20202021 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 20192020
The following table sets forthpresents our condensed consolidated results of operations summary cash flow data, and key performance indicators for the periods presented.indicators:
(in thousands, except as otherwise indicated)(in thousands, except as otherwise indicated)For the Nine Months Ended(in thousands, except as otherwise indicated)Nine Months Ended September 30,
Results of Operations:Results of Operations:September 30, 2020September 30, 2019$
Change
Results of Operations:20212020$ Change
Monitoring and related servicesMonitoring and related services$3,133,013 $3,249,401 $(116,388)Monitoring and related services$3,244,675 $3,133,013 $111,662 
Installation and otherInstallation and other867,050 577,973 289,077 Installation and other681,448 867,050 (185,602)
Total revenueTotal revenue4,000,063 3,827,374 172,689 Total revenue3,926,123 4,000,063 (73,940)
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)1,142,228 1,020,603 121,625 Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)1,134,736 1,142,228 (7,492)
Selling, general and administrative expenses1,278,191 1,047,818 230,373 
Selling, general, and administrative expensesSelling, general, and administrative expenses1,343,872 1,278,929 64,943 
Depreciation and intangible asset amortizationDepreciation and intangible asset amortization1,440,239 1,502,574 (62,335)Depreciation and intangible asset amortization1,424,090 1,440,239 (16,149)
Merger, restructuring, integration, and otherMerger, restructuring, integration, and other114,715 23,069 91,646 Merger, restructuring, integration, and other18,588 114,715 (96,127)
Goodwill impairment— 45,482 (45,482)
Loss on sale of business738 55,489 (54,751)
Operating incomeOperating income23,952 132,339 (108,387)Operating income4,837 23,952 (19,115)
Interest expense, netInterest expense, net(569,391)(465,977)(103,414)Interest expense, net(347,524)(569,391)221,867 
Loss on extinguishment of debtLoss on extinguishment of debt(114,759)(103,004)(11,755)Loss on extinguishment of debt(37,113)(114,759)77,646 
Other incomeOther income6,572 2,909 3,663 Other income4,847 6,572 (1,725)
Loss before income taxesLoss before income taxes(653,626)(433,733)(219,893)Loss before income taxes(374,953)(653,626)278,673 
Income tax benefitIncome tax benefit133,494 81,576 51,918 Income tax benefit92,080 133,494 (41,414)
Net lossNet loss$(520,132)$(352,157)$(167,975)Net loss$(282,873)$(520,132)$237,259 
Summary Cash Flow Data:
Net cash provided by operating activities$993,269 $1,459,249 $(465,980)
Net cash used in investing activities$(800,275)$(1,156,921)$356,646 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities$249,156 $(509,716)$758,872 
Key Performance Indicators: (1)
Key Performance Indicators: (1)
Key Performance Indicators: (1)
RMRRMR$341,367 $351,381 $(10,014)RMR$356,341 $341,367 $14,974 
Gross customer revenue attrition (percent)Gross customer revenue attrition (percent)12.9 %13.5 %(60) bpsGross customer revenue attrition (percent)13.4%12.9%N/A
Adjusted EBITDA (2)
Adjusted EBITDA (2)
$1,666,408 $1,876,050 $(209,642)
Adjusted EBITDA (2)
$1,638,306 $1,666,408 $(28,102)
Free Cash Flow (2)
$343,309 $394,036 $(50,727)
_______________________
(1)Refer to the “—Key Performance Indicators” section for the definitions of these key performance indicators.
(2)Adjusted EBITDA and Free Cash Flow areis a non-GAAP measures.measure. Refer to the “—Non-GAAP Measures” section for the definitionsdefinition of these termsthis term and reconciliationsa reconciliation to the most comparable GAAP measures.measure.
N/A—Not applicable.
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Monitoring and Related Services Revenue
M&S Revenue in total and by segment are as follows:
Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)20212020$ Change
CSB$2,892,291 $2,814,482 $77,809 
Commercial352,384 318,531 33,853 
Total M&S Revenue$3,244,675 $3,133,013 $111,662 
The decreaseincrease in monitoring and related servicestotal M&S Revenue was primarily attributable to higher recurring revenue in CSB, which was driven by a decrease in recurring revenue due to the sale of ADT Canada. This decrease was partially offset by an increase in recurring revenue in the U.S. largely due to(i) improvements in average pricing as new and existing residential customers selected higher priced interactive services. Average customer count remained relatively flatand other services and (ii) an increase in the number of customers over the period primarily due to recenta higher volume of dealer-generated and bulk account purchases. The increase in Commercial was driven by higher recurring revenue primarily due to an increase in the number of customers over the period, including the acquisition of businesses and customer accounts and improvements in attritioncustomer retention.
Total RMR was $356 million and customer additions.
The decrease in RMR to $341 million as of September 30, 2021 and 2020, from $351 millionrespectively. The increase in RMR was primarily due to improvements in average pricing and net customer additions.
Gross customer revenue attrition was 13.4% and 12.9% as of September 30, 20192021 and 2020, respectively. The increase in gross customer revenue attrition was primarily dueattributable to an increase in relocations during 2021 as compared to the saleprior year when the COVID-19 Pandemic temporarily caused fewer relocations, and a lower volume of ADT Canada, which decreased RMR by approximately $16 million. The decreasedealer charge-backs primarily related to the Defenders Acquisition in RMR was2020, partially offset by improvements in average pricing in the U.S. As of September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, gross customer revenue
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attrition was 12.9% and 13.5%, respectively. The improvement in attrition was primarily due to fewer customer relocationsnon-payment disconnects and the benefit of customer retention initiatives.
Installation and Other Revenue
The increaseInstallation and other revenue in total and by segment were as follows:
Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)20212020$ Change
CSB$204,561 $459,259 $(254,698)
Commercial476,887 407,791 69,096 
Total installation and other revenue$681,448 $867,050 $(185,602)
Total installation and other revenue wasdecreased primarily due to higherCSB, which was driven by a lower volume of revenue from equipment sold outright to residential customerssales transactions partially offset by additional amortization of deferred subscriber acquisition revenue as a result of our transition to a predominately Company-owned model. The increase in Commercial was driven by an increase in installation revenue in the Defenders Acquisitioncurrent period as compared to the prior period which was impacted by the COVID-19 Pandemic, as well as from acquisitions.
Cost of Revenue
Cost of revenue in total and the Equipment Ownership Model Change. These increasesby segment were partially offsetas follows:
Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)20212020$ Change
CSB$553,620 $631,129 $(77,509)
Commercial581,116 511,099 70,017 
Total cost of revenue$1,134,736 $1,142,228 $(7,492)
The decrease in cost of revenue in CSB was primarily driven by (i) a decrease in theinstallation costs due to a lower volume of revenue from equipment sold outright to commercial customerssales transactions as a result of the COVID-19 Pandemic and (ii) the sale of ADT Canada.
In connection with our transition back to a predominately Company-owned model, for our residential transactions, we do not expectpartially offset by higher field service and call center costs as compared to experience the same level of revenue growth subsequent to September 30, 2020 as reported in our results of operations forprior period which was impacted by the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
Cost of Revenue
COVID-19 Pandemic. The increase in cost of revenueCommercial was primarily due todriven by an increase in installation costs, associated with a higher volume of transactionsas well as field service and call center costs, in the current period as compared to the prior period which equipment was sold outright to residential customers as a result of the Defenders Acquisition and the Equipment Ownership Model Change. These increases were partially offsetimpacted by (i) a decrease in installation costs associated with a lower volume of transactions in which equipment was sold outright to commercial customers as a result of the COVID-19 Pandemic, and (ii) the sale of ADT Canada.as well as from acquisitions.
In connection with our transition back to a predominately Company-owned model for our residential transactions, we do not expect to experience the same level of increase in cost of revenue subsequent to September 30, 2020 as reported in our results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
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Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses
The increase in selling, general, and administrative expenses was primarily due to $226 million of incremental expenses associated with the Defenders Acquisition, an increase of $38 million in the provision for credit losses (exclusive of incremental provision from recent acquisitions) due to the estimated impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and an increase in the volume of longer duration receivables, driven by:
an increase in radio conversion costs of $36$152 million primarily related to an increase in the number and cost of conversions, partially offset by
decreases in the provision for credit losses of $42 million and $20 million in our CSB and Commercial segments, respectively, primarily due to the impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the prior year, as well as increasesa lower volume of outright sales transactions in selling costs, which includesCSB as a result of our transition to a predominately Company-owned model, and
a decrease in commissions, partially offset by an increase in amortization of deferred subscriber acquisition costs. These increases were partially offset by (i)costs, as a reduction inresult of our transition to a predominately Company-owned model.
The remainder of the change was attributable to higher general and administrative expenses of $38 millionprimarily due to the sale of ADT Canada, (ii) a reductioninvestments in financingour information technology infrastructure, higher selling costs, and consent fees of $18 million associated with financing transactions, (iii) recoveries of $7 million in 2020 compared to write-offs of $5 million in 2019 associated with notes receivable from a former strategic investment, (iv) $6 million from an estimated legal settlement, net of insurance, in 2019, and (v) a decrease in advertising expenses (exclusive of incremental advertising expenses from recent acquisitions).lower share-based compensation expense.
Depreciation and Intangible Asset Amortization
The decrease in depreciation and intangible asset amortization expense was primarily due to a decrease of $70 million associated with the sale of ADT Canada as well asdriven by a decrease in the depreciationamortization of subscriber system assets. These decreases werecustomer relationships, partially offset by an increaseincreases in amortization of the amortization of(i) customer contracts acquired under the ADT Authorized Dealer Program.Program and from other third parties and (ii) other intangible assets.
Merger, Restructuring, Integration, and Other
The increase inDuring the nine months ended September 30, 2021, merger, restructuring, integration, and other was primarily included an $18 million impairment charge in our CSB segment due to lower than expected benefits from the Cell Bounce developed technology intangible asset as a chargeresult of recent worldwide shortages for certain electronic components.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, merger, restructuring, integration, and other primarily related to losses of $81 million associated with the settlement of a pre-existing relationship. This increase was partially offset by a $9 millionrelationship in connection with the Defenders Acquisition.
Interest Expense, net
The decrease in loss recognizedinterest expense, net, was primarily driven by an unrealized gain of $115 million on a strategic investment, which had a loss of $1 millioninterest rate swap contracts not designated as cash flow hedges during the nine months ended September 30, 20202021, as compared to aan unrealized loss of $9$90 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019.
Interest Expense, net
The increase in interest expense, net, wasprior year, primarily due to (i) $80 million related to the changesan increase in fair value of interest rate swap contracts as a result of cash flow hedges no longer being highly effective, (ii) $34 million related to our fixed-rate first lien notes due to our refinancing transactions during 2020 and 2019, and (iii) $30 million related to our variable-rate first lien term loans, net of the impact of our interest rate swaps. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in interest expense of $44 million related to our second lien notes due to the timing of partial redemptions during 2019 as well as a reduction in interest rate due to our refinancing during January 2020.
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LIBOR.
Loss on Extinguishment of Debt
DuringIn addition to the amounts discussed above for the three months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to 2020, the nine months ended September 30, 2020 loss on extinguishment of debt totaled $115 million andalso included $66 million associated withrelated to the call premium and write-off of unamortized deferred financing costs in connection with the $1.2 billion redemption of second lienthe Company’s second-priority secured notes in February 2020 and $49 million associated with the call premium and write-off of unamortized fair value adjustments in connection with the $1 billion redemption of the ADT Notes due 2021 in September 2020.
DuringIncome Tax Benefit
Income tax benefit for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, loss on extinguishment2021 was $92 million, resulting in an effective tax rate for the period of debt totaled $103 million24.6%. The effective tax rate primarily represents the federal statutory rate of 21.0%, a state statutory tax rate, net of federal benefits, of 2.9%, and included (i) $22 million associated with the call premium and the partial write-offa 0.6% favorable impact of unamortized deferred financing costs in connection with the $300 million partial redemption of second lien notes in February 2019, (ii) $61 million associated with the call premium and partial write-off of unamortized deferred financing costs in connection with the $1 billion partial redemption of second lien notes in April 2019, (iii) $6 million associated with the partial write-off of unamortized deferred financing costs and discount in connection with the $500 million repayment of a first lien term loan in April 2019, and (iv) $13 million associated with the partial write-off of unamortized deferred financing costs and discount in connection with the amendment and restatement to our first lien credit agreement in September 2019.
Income Tax Benefitshare-based compensation.
Income tax benefit for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $133 million, resulting in an effective tax rate for the period of 20.4%. The effective tax rate primarily represents the federal statutory tax rate of 21.0%, a state statutory tax rate, net of federal benefits, of 2.9%, a 3.0% unfavorable impact from non-deductible charges primarily due to the Defenders Acquisition, and a 1.2% unfavorable impact from an increase in valuation allowances primarily due to tax credits not expected to be utilized prior to expiration.
Income tax benefit for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $82 million, resulting in an effective tax rate for the period of 18.8%. The effective tax rate primarily represents the federal income tax rate of 21.0%, an 11.0% unfavorable impact from valuation allowances established on the net capital losses generated in the U.S. and Canada related to the sale of ADT Canada, a 2.8% unfavorable impact from non-deductible goodwill impairment loss, offset by a 10.4% favorable impact from net capital losses generated in the U.S. and Canada related to the sale of ADT Canada, and a 2.3% favorable impact from amendments to prior year tax returns.
The effective tax rate can vary from period to period due to permanent tax adjustments, discrete items such as the settlement of income tax audits and changes in tax laws, as well as recurring factors such as changes in the overall state tax rate.
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NON-GAAP MEASURES
To provide investors with additional information in connection with our results as determined in accordance with GAAP, we disclose Adjusted EBITDA and Free Cash Flow as a non-GAAP measures. These measures aremeasure. This measure is not a financial measuresmeasure calculated in accordance with GAAP, and it should not be considered as a substitute for net income, operating income, cash flows, or any other measure calculated in accordance with GAAP, and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.
Adjusted EBITDA
We believe that the presentation of Adjusted EBITDA is appropriate to provideuseful as it provides investors additional information to investors about our operating profitability adjusted for certain non-cash items, non-routine items that we do not expect to continue at the same level in the future, as well as other items that are not core to our operations. Further, we believe Adjusted EBITDA provides a meaningful measure of operating profitability because we use it for evaluating our business performance, making budgeting decisions, and comparing our performance against that of other peer companies using similar measures.
We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income or loss adjusted for (i) interest,interest; (ii) taxes,taxes; (iii) depreciation and amortization, including depreciation of subscriber system assets and other fixed assets and amortization of dealer and other intangible assets,assets; (iv) amortization of deferred costs and deferred revenue associated with subscriber acquisitions,acquisitions; (v) share-based compensation expense,expense; (vi) merger, restructuring, integration, and other,other; (vii) losses on extinguishment of debt,debt; (viii) radio conversion costs, net; and (ix) other income/gain or expense/loss items such as impairment charges, financing and consent fees, (x) foreign currency gains/losses, (xi) acquisition related adjustments, and (xii) other charges and non-cash items.or acquisition-related adjustments.
There are material limitations to using Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA does not take into account certain significant items, including depreciation and amortization, interest, taxes, and other adjustments which directly affect our net income or loss. These limitations are best addressed by considering the economic effects of the excluded items independently and by considering Adjusted EBITDA in conjunction with net income or loss as calculated in accordance with GAAP.
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Free Cash Flow
We believe that the presentation of Free Cash Flow is appropriate to provide additional information to investors about our ability to repay debt, make other investments, and pay dividends.
We define Free Cash Flow as cash flows from operating activities less cash outlays related to capital expenditures. We define capital expenditures to include accounts purchased through our network of authorized dealers or third parties outside of our authorized dealer network; subscriber system asset expenditures; and purchases of property and equipment. These items are subtracted from cash flows from operating activities because they represent long-term investments that are required for normal business activities.
Free Cash Flow adjusts for cash items that are ultimately within management’s discretion to direct, and therefore, may imply that there is less or more cash that is available than the most comparable GAAP measure. Free Cash Flow is not intended to represent residual cash flow for discretionary expenditures since debt repayment requirements and other non-discretionary expenditures are not deducted. These limitations are best addressed by using Free Cash Flow in combination with the cash flows as calculated in accordance with GAAP.
Adjusted EBITDA
The table below reconciles Adjusted EBITDA to net loss for the periods presented.loss:
For the Three Months EndedFor the Nine Months EndedThree Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)(in thousands)September 30, 2020September 30, 2019$
Change
September 30, 2020September 30, 2019$
Change
(in thousands)20212020$ Change20212020$ Change
Net lossNet loss$(113,098)$(181,630)$68,532 $(520,132)$(352,157)$(167,975)Net loss$(109,129)$(113,098)$3,969 $(282,873)$(520,132)$237,259 
Interest expense, netInterest expense, net156,759 152,431 4,328 569,391 465,977 103,414 Interest expense, net133,275 156,759 (23,484)347,524 569,391 (221,867)
Income tax benefitIncome tax benefit(27,699)(36,367)8,668 (133,494)(81,576)(51,918)Income tax benefit(36,496)(27,699)(8,797)(92,080)(133,494)41,414 
Depreciation and intangible asset amortizationDepreciation and intangible asset amortization473,346 505,832 (32,486)1,440,239 1,502,574 (62,335)Depreciation and intangible asset amortization480,010 473,346 6,664 1,424,090 1,440,239 (16,149)
Amortization of deferred subscriber acquisition costsAmortization of deferred subscriber acquisition costs24,810 20,784 4,026 70,226 58,544 11,682 Amortization of deferred subscriber acquisition costs32,534 24,810 7,724 91,364 70,226 21,138 
Amortization of deferred subscriber acquisition revenueAmortization of deferred subscriber acquisition revenue(31,329)(28,034)(3,295)(90,346)(78,506)(11,840)Amortization of deferred subscriber acquisition revenue(45,020)(31,329)(13,691)(122,908)(90,346)(32,562)
Share-based compensation expenseShare-based compensation expense26,431 18,876 7,555 74,758 65,126 9,632 Share-based compensation expense16,242 26,431 (10,189)45,848 74,758 (28,910)
Merger, restructuring, integration, and otherMerger, restructuring, integration, and other(6,117)9,800 (15,917)114,715 23,069 91,646 Merger, restructuring, integration, and other(6,723)(6,117)(606)18,588 114,715 (96,127)
Goodwill impairment— 45,482 (45,482)— 45,482 (45,482)
Loss on sale of business(19)55,489 (55,508)738 55,489 (54,751)
Loss on extinguishment of debtLoss on extinguishment of debt48,916 14,532 34,384 114,759 103,004 11,755 Loss on extinguishment of debt36,957 48,916 (11,959)37,113 114,759 (77,646)
Radio conversion costs, net(1)
Radio conversion costs, net(1)
12,641 11,718 923 24,311 12,637 11,674 
Radio conversion costs, net(1)
52,295 12,641 39,654 171,659 24,311 147,348 
Financing and consent fees(2)
21,892 (21,889)5,263 23,279 (18,016)
Foreign currency losses (gains) (3)
— 207 (207)— (531)531 
Acquisition related adjustments(4)
(155)4,026 (4,181)1,289 16,725 (15,436)
Other(5)
(680)9,438 (10,118)(5,309)16,914 (22,223)
OtherOther365 (851)1,216 (19)1,981 (2,000)
Adjusted EBITDAAdjusted EBITDA$563,809 $624,476 $(60,667)$1,666,408 $1,876,050 $(209,642)Adjusted EBITDA$554,310 $563,809 $(9,499)$1,638,306 $1,666,408 $(28,102)
___________________
(1)Represents costs, netRefer to Note 1 “Description of any incremental revenue earned, associated with replacing cellular technology usedBusiness and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for further details.
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Adjusted EBITDA in manytotal and by segment were as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)20212020$ Change20212020$ Change
CSB$528,680 $548,965 $(20,285)$1,558,055 $1,636,726 $(78,671)
Commercial25,630 14,844 10,786 80,251 29,682 50,569 
Adjusted EBITDA$554,310 $563,809 $(9,499)$1,638,306 $1,666,408 $(28,102)
The explanations below exclude amounts outside of our security systems pursuant to a replacement program.
(2)Represents fees expensed associated with financing transactions.
(3)Represents the conversiondefinition of intercompany loans that are denominated in Canadian dollars to U.S. dollars.
(4)Represents amortization of purchase accounting adjustments and compensation arrangements related to acquisitions.
(5)Represents other charges and non-cash items. The three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 include recoveries of $3 million and $7 million, respectively, of notes receivable from a former strategic investment that were previously written-off, $5 million of which is included in the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 include an estimated legal settlement, net of insurance, of $6 million.Adjusted EBITDA, as applicable.
Three Months Ended September 30, 20202021 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 20192020
The decrease in total Adjusted EBITDA was primarily relatedattributable to CSB, which was driven by (i) a decrease in installation revenue, net of the associated installation costs and commissions, from a lower volume of outright sales transactions and (ii) an increase in selling and general and administrative expenses, excluding items outside of our definition of Adjusted EBITDA, largely due to the Defenders Acquisition and (ii) the sale of
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ADT Canada. The decrease was partially offset by an increase from transactions in which equipment is sold outright to customers,M&S Revenue.
The increase in Commercial was primarily driven by (i) an increase in M&S Revenue, (ii) an increase in installation revenue, net of the associated costs.
In connection with the anticipated transition of residential transactions arising through Defenders to a predominately Company-owned model in 2021, we could experience an adverse impact to Adjusted EBITDA related toinstallation costs and commissions, and (iii) a decrease in volume of transactionsthe provision for credit losses, partially offset by an increase in which equipment is sold outright to residential customers in future periods as compared to our results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2020.field service and call center costs.
Refer to the discussions above under “—Results of Operations” for further details.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 20202021 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 20192020
The decrease in total Adjusted EBITDA was primarily relatedattributable to CSB, which was driven by (i) a decrease in installation revenue, net of the associated installation costs and commissions, from a lower volume of outright sales transactions, (ii) an increase in field service and call center costs, and (iii) an increase in selling and general and administrative expenses, partially offset by an increase in M&S Revenue and a decrease in the provision for credit losses.
The increase in Commercial was primarily driven by (i) an increase in selling, generalM&S Revenue, (ii) an increase in installation revenue, net of the associated installation costs and administrative expenses, excluding items outside of our definition of Adjusted EBITDA, largely due to the Defenders Acquisitioncommissions, and (iii) a decrease in the provision for credit losses, and (ii) the sale of ADT Canada. The decrease was partially offset by an increase from transactions in which equipment is sold outright to customers, net of the associatedfield service and call center costs.
In connection with our transition back to a predominately Company-owned model for our residential transactions, we could experience an adverse impact to Adjusted EBITDA related to a decrease in volume of transactions in which equipment is sold outright to residential customers subsequent to September 30, 2020 as reported in our results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
Refer to the discussions above under “—Results of Operations” for further details.
Free Cash Flow
The table below reconciles Free Cash Flow to cash flows from operating activities for the periods presented.
For the Nine Months Ended
(in thousands)September 30, 2020September 30, 2019$
Change
Net cash provided by operating activities$993,269 $1,459,249 $(465,980)
Dealer generated customer accounts and bulk account purchases(265,131)(514,487)249,356 
Subscriber system asset expenditures(272,512)(430,586)158,074 
Purchases of property and equipment(112,317)(120,140)7,823 
Free Cash Flow$343,309 $394,036 $(50,727)
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Refer to the discussion below under “—Liquidity and Capital Resources” for further details regarding cash flows from operating activities.
Cash Outlays Related to Capital Expenditures
Dealer generated customer accounts and bulk account purchases, subscriber system asset expenditures, and purchases of property and equipment are included in cash flows from investing activities. Refer to the discussions below under “—Liquidity and Capital Resources” for further details regarding cash flows from investing activities.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
LiquidityAs of September 30, 2021, liquidity and capital resources primarily consisted of the following:
(in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents$61,207 
Availability under First Lien Revolving Credit Facility$575,000 
Uncommitted available borrowing capacity under Receivables Facility$34,518 
Carrying amount of total debt outstanding$9,609,699 
We expect our ongoing sources of liquidity to include cash generated from operations, borrowings under our revolving credit facility and Receivables Facility, and the issuance of equity and/or debt securities as appropriate given market conditions. Our future cash needs are expected to include cash for operating activities, working capital, capital expenditures, strategic investments, periodic principal and interest payments on our debt, and potential dividend payments to our stockholders.
We are a highly leveraged company with significant debt service requirements. We may, from time to time, seek to repay, redeem, repurchase, or refinance our indebtedness, or seek to retire or purchase our outstanding securities through cash purchases in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions or through a 10b5-1 repurchase plan or otherwise, and any such transactions may involve material amounts. We believe our cash position, borrowing capacity available under our revolving credit facility and Receivables Facility, and cash provided by operating
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activities are, and will continue to be, adequate to meet our operational and business needs in the next twelve months as well as our long-term liquidity needs.
We are a highly leveraged company with significant debt service requirements. As of September 30, 2020, we had $489 million in cash and cash equivalents and $400 million available under our revolving credit facility. In addition, we had an uncommitted available borrowing capacity of $159 million under our Receivables Facility, which is dependent on the volume of eligible retail installment contract receivables that can be sold under our Receivables Facility. The carrying amount of total debt outstanding was approximately $9.7 billion as of September 30, 2020.
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Long-Term Debt
Significant changes in our debt during the nine months ended September 30, 20202021 were as follows:
First Lien Credit Agreement
AsIn January 2021, we amended and restated the first lien credit agreement dated as of September 30, 2020,July 1, 2015 (together with subsequent amendments and restatements, the “First Lien Credit Agreement”) to refinance the term loan facility (the “First Lien Term Loan due 2026”), which reduced the applicable margin for Adjusted LIBOR loans from 3.25% to 2.75% and reduced the LIBOR floor from 1.00% to 0.75%. Additionally, the amendment requires us to make quarterly payments equal to 0.25% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the First Lien Term Loan due 2026, or approximately $7 million per quarter. We may make voluntary prepayments on the First Lien Term Loan due 2026 at any time prior to maturity at par, subject to a 1.00% prepayment premium in the event of certain specified events at any time during the six months after the closing date of the amendment.
In July 2021, we had an available borrowing capacity of $400 million under our first lienfurther amended and restated the First Lien Credit Agreement with respect to the revolving credit facility (the “First Lien Revolving Credit Facility”), with no borrowings outstanding.
Second Lien Notes due 2028
During January 2020, we issued $1.3 billionwhich extended its maturity date to June 23, 2026, subject to certain conditions, and obtained an additional $175 million of commitments. After giving effect to the Amendment and Restatement dated as of July 2, 2021, aggregate principal amount of 6.250% second-priority senior secured notes due 2028 (the “Second Lien Notes due 2028”). The proceeds from the Second Lien Notes due 2028, along with cash on hand and borrowingscommitments under the First Lien Revolving Credit Facility were used to redeem the$575 million.
As of September 30, 2021, we had no borrowings outstanding $1.2under our First Lien Revolving Credit Facility.
First Lien Notes due 2029
In July 2021, we issued $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of our 9.250% second-priority4.125% first-priority senior secured notes due 20232029 (the “Prime Notes”) and pay any related fees and expenses, including the call premium on the outstanding Prime Notes. The deferred financing costs incurred in connection with the issuance of the Second“First Lien Notes due 2028 were not material.
2029”). The SecondFirst Lien Notes due 20282029 will mature on January 15, 2028August 1, 2029 with semi-annual interest payment dates of January 15February 1 and July 15, and may be redeemed at our option as follows:August 1 of each year, beginning February 1, 2022. The related deferred financing costs were not material.
PriorRefer to January 15, 2023, in whole at any time or in part from time to time, (a) at a redemption price equal to 100% ofNote 6 “Debt” for further discussion regarding the principal amount of the SecondFirst Lien Notes due 2028 redeemed, plus a make-whole premium and accrued and unpaid interest as of, but excluding,2029.
ADT Notes due 2022 Redemption
In August 2021, we used the redemption date or (b) for upproceeds from the First Lien Notes due 2029, along with cash on hand, to 40%(i) redeem all of the original$1.0 billion outstanding aggregate principal amount of the Second LienADT Notes due 2028 and in an aggregate amount equal to2022 for approximately $1.0 billion, including the net cash proceedsrelated call premium of any equity offerings, at a redemption price equal to 106.250%,$28 million, plus accrued and unpaid interest, so long as at least 50% of the original aggregate principal amount of the Second Lien Notes due 2028 shall remain outstanding after each such redemption.
On or after January 15, 2023, in whole at any time or in part from time to time, at a redemption price equal to 103.125% of the principal amount of the Second Lien Notes due 2028 redeemed and accrued(ii) pay related fees and unpaid interest as of, but excluding, the redemption date. The redemption price decreases to 101.563% on or after January 15, 2024 and decreases to 100% on or after January 15, 2025.
Additionally, upon the occurrence of specified change of control events, we must offer to repurchase the Second Lien Notes due 2028 at 101% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the purchase date. The indenture governing the Second Lien Notes due 2028 also provides for customary events of default.
Prime Notes
The indenture underlying the outstanding $1.2 billion aggregate principal amount of the Prime Notes was discharged during January 2020 and the Prime Notes were redeemed during February 2020 for a total redemption price of approximately $1.3 billion, which included the related call premium.expenses.
Receivables Facility
DuringIn March 2020, we entered into the Receivables Facility. Under the terms of2021, the Receivables Facility we may receive upwas amended to, $200 millionamong other things, extend the scheduled termination date for the uncommitted revolving period to March 4, 2022, and reduce the spread over LIBOR payable in respect of financing secured by retail installment contract receivablesborrowings thereunder from transactions involving security systems that were sold under a customer-owned model. During April 2020, we amended1.00% to 0.85%. In July 2021, the Receivables Facility was amended into the form of a Receivables Financing Agreement that is currently in place, which continued the uncommitted secured lending arrangement contemplated among the parties and, among other things, provided for certain revisions relating to also permit financing secured by retail installment contract receivables from transactions occurring under our Company-owned model. The Receivables Facility hasfunding, prepayment, reporting, and other provisions in preparation for a one year revolving period until March 5, 2021, which may be extended, and bears interest at a variable rate. If the revolving period is not extended, we are required to repay the Receivables Facility in a manner consistent with the contractual collectionspotential future syndication of the underlying retail installment contract receivables. We may make voluntary prepayments on the Receivables Facility at any time prior to maturity at par.
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We obtain financing by selling or contributing certain retail installment contract receivables to our wholly-owned consolidated bankruptcy-remote special purpose entity (the “SPE”), which, pursuant to the Receivables Facility, borrows funds secured by the transferred retail installment contract receivables. The SPE is a separate legal entity with its own creditors who will be entitled, prior to and upon the liquidation of the SPE, to be satisfied out of the SPE’s assets prior to any assets in the SPE becoming available to us (other than the SPE). Accordingly, the assets of the SPE are not available to pay our creditors (other than the SPE), although collections from the transferred retail installment contract receivables in excess of amounts required to repay the SPE’s creditors may be remitted to us during and after the term of the Receivables Facility. The SPE’s creditors have legal recourse to the transferred retail installment contract receivables owned by the SPE, but do not have any recourse to us (other than the SPE) for the payment of principal and interest on the SPE’s financing.
We service the transferred retail installment contract receivables and are responsible for ensuring that amounts collected from the transferred retail installment contract receivables are remitted to the SPE. We are required to deposit payments received from the transferred retail installment contract receivables into a segregated account maintained by a third party. On a monthly basis, the segregated account is utilized to make required principal, interest, and other payments dueadvances made under the Receivables Facility.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we received proceeds of $44 million under the Receivables Facility and repaid $2 million. As of September 30, 2020,2021, we had an outstanding balance of $41$165 million and an uncommitted available borrowing capacity of $159$35 million under the Receivables Facility. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we received proceeds of $118 million under the Receivables Facility and repaid $28 million.
First Lien Notes due 2027
During August 2020,In October 2021, we issued $1 billion aggregate principal amount of 3.375% first-priority senior secured notes due 2027 (the “First Lien Notes due 2027”). The proceeds fromfurther amended the First Lien Notes due 2027, along with cash on hand, were used to redeemdocumentation governing the outstanding $1 billion aggregate principal amount of the ADT Notes due 2021, pay accrued and unpaid interest on the ADT Notes due 2021, and pay any related fees and expenses, including the call premium on the ADT Notes due 2021. The deferred financing costs incurredReceivables Facility in connection with the issuancesyndication of the First Lien Notes due 2027 were not material.
The First Lien Notes due 2027 will mature on August 31, 2027 with semi-annual interest payment dates of June 15advances thereunder to two additional lenders: MUFG Bank, Ltd., and December 15, and may be redeemed at our option as follows:
PriorStarbird Funding Corporation, a conduit lender related to August 31, 2026, in whole at any time or inBNP Paribas. As part from time to time, at a make-whole premium plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to the redemption date.
On or after August 31, 2026, in whole at any time or in part from time to time, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount ofamendment, the First Lien Notes due 2027 redeemed plus accruedReceivables Facility’s uncommitted lending limit was increased from $200 million to $400 million, and unpaid interest, if any, thereonthe scheduled termination date for the Receivables Facility’s uncommitted revolving period was extended to the redemption date.
Additionally, upon the occurrence of specified change of control events, we must offer to repurchase the First Lien Notes due 2027 at 101% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the purchase date. The indenture governing the First Lien Notes due 2027 also provides for customary events of default.
ADT Notes
In September 2020, we redeemed $1 billion aggregate principal amount of the ADT Notes due 2021 for a total repurchase price of approximately $1.1 billion, which included the related call premium.October 2022.
Debt Covenants
As of September 30, 2020,2021, we were in compliance with all financial covenant and other maintenance tests for all our debt obligations, and we do not believe there is a material risk of future noncompliance with our financial covenant and other maintenance tests as a result of the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Issuance of Class B Common Stock
During September 2020, we amended our articles of incorporation to authorize the issuance of 100,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, par value of $0.01 per share, (“Class B Common Stock”) as well as to increase the number of authorized shares of preferred stock, par value of $0.01 per share, to 1,000,000.
The Class B Common Stock represents a new class of common stock of ADT. Each share of Class B Common Stock has equal status and rights to dividends with a share of Common Stock. The holders of Class B Common Stock have one vote for each share of Class B Common Stock held of record by such holder on all matters on which stockholders are entitled to votePandemic, or otherwise.
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generally; provided, however, that holders of Class B Common Stock,Dividends
Dividends declared on common stock during the periods presented were as such, are not entitled to vote on the election, appointment, or removal of directors of ADT. Additionally, each share of Class B Common Stock will immediately become convertible into one share of Common Stock, at the option of the holder thereof, at any time following the earlier of (i) the expiration or early termination of applicable waiting periods under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (“HSR Clearance”), required prior to such holder’s conversion of all such shares of Class B Common Stock, and (ii) to the extent HSR Clearance is not required prior to such holder’s conversion of such shares of Class B Common Stock, the date that such holder owns such shares of Class B Common Stock.
During September 2020, we issued and sold 54,744,525 shares of Class B Common Stock for an aggregate purchase price of $450 million to Google in a private placement pursuant to a securities purchase agreement dated July 31, 2020 (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”). As of the date of closing, Google held approximately 6.6% of the issued and outstanding Common Stock of ADT on an as-converted basis. Prior to closing, the Securities Purchase Agreement provided Google with the option to purchase additional shares of Class B Common Stock, for the same pricefollows (in thousands, except per share up to 9.9% of the issued and outstanding Common Stock of ADT on an as-converted basis. Google did not exercise this option. The proceeds received will be used to reduce debt and fund growth over time.data):
In connection with the issuance of the Class B Common Stock, Google entered into an Investor Rights Agreement (the “Investor Rights Agreement”) with us, pursuant to which Google agreed to be bound by customary transfer restrictions and drag-along rights, and be afforded customary registration rights with respect to shares of Class B Common Stock held directly by Google. Under the terms of the Investor Rights Agreement, Google is prohibited, subject to certain exceptions, from transferring any shares of Class B Common Stock or any shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Class B Common Stock beneficially owned by Google until the earlier of (i) the three-year anniversary of issuance, (ii) the date on which the Commercial Agreement has been terminated under certain specified circumstances, and (iii) June 30, 2022 if we breach certain of our obligations under the Commercial Agreement.
Dividends
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we declared the following dividends on common stock:
Declaration DateRecord DatePayment DateCommon Stock Dividend per ShareClass B Common Stock Dividend per Share
March 5, 2020March 19, 2020April 2, 2020$0.035$—
May 7, 2020June 18, 2020July 2, 2020$0.035$—
August 5, 2020September 18, 2020October 2, 2020$0.035$0.035
During the three months ended September 30, 2020, we declared dividends of $0.035 per share on Common Stock ($27 million) and $0.035 per share on Class B Common Stock ($2 million). The amount of dividends settled in shares of Common Stock during the period was not material.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we declared aggregate dividends of $0.105 per share on Common Stock ($81 million) and $0.035 per share on Class B Common Stock ($2 million). The amount of dividends settled in shares of Common Stock during the period was not material.
Common StockClass B Common Stock
Declaration DateRecord DatePayment DatePer ShareAggregatePer ShareAggregate
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
2/25/20213/18/20214/1/2021$0.035 $27,220 $0.035 $1,916 
5/5/20216/17/20217/1/20210.035 27,268 0.035 1,916 
8/4/20219/16/202110/5/20210.035 27,270 0.035 1,916 
Total$0.105 $81,758 $0.105 $5,748 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
3/5/20203/19/20204/2/2020$0.035 $27,117 $— $— 
5/7/20206/18/20207/2/20200.035 26,767 — — 
8/5/20209/18/202010/2/20200.035 27,047 0.035 1,916 
Total$0.105 $80,931 $0.035 $1,916 
On November 5, 2020,9, 2021, we announced a dividend of $0.035 per share to holders of Common Stock and Class B Common Stock of record on December 21, 2020,16, 2021, which will be distributed on January 4, 2021.2022.
Other Share Repurchase ProgramActivity
OnIn February 2019, we approved a dividend reinvestment plan (the “DRIP”), which allowed stockholders to designate all or a portion of the cash dividends on their shares of common stock for reinvestment in additional shares of our Common Stock. The DRIP terminated in accordance with its terms on February 27, 2021. Prior to termination, dividends settled in shares of Common Stock were not material during the periods presented.
In February 2019, we approved a share repurchase program (the “Share Repurchase Program”), which permitsauthorized us to repurchase up to $150 millionshares of our shares of Common Stock through February 27, 2021. We announced the(up to a certain amount). The Share Repurchase Program on March 11, 2019. On March 23, 2020, we approved an increase of $75 million, inclusive of the amount then remaining under the Share Repurchase Program,terminated in the authorized repurchase amount and an extension of the Share Repurchase Program throughaccordance with its terms on March 23, 2021.
We may effect these repurchases pursuant Prior to one or more trading plans to be adopted in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 (each, a “10b5-1 plan”) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), in privately negotiated transactions, in open market transactions, or pursuant to an accelerated share repurchase program. We intend to conduct the Share Repurchase Program in accordance with Rule 10b-18 under the Exchange Act. We are not obligated to repurchase any of our shares of Common Stock and the timing and amount of any repurchases will depend on legal requirements, market conditions, stock price, alternative uses of capital, and other factors.
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During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, there were no materialtermination, repurchases of shares of our Common Stock under the Share Repurchase Program. As of September 30, 2020, we had approximately $75 million remaining inProgram were not material during the Share Repurchase Program.periods presented.
Cash Flow Analysis
The following table ispresents a summary of our cash flow activity for the periods presented:activity:
For the Nine Months EndedNine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)(in thousands)September 30, 2020September 30, 2019$
Change
(in thousands)20212020$ Change
Net cash provided by operating activitiesNet cash provided by operating activities$993,269 $1,459,249 $(465,980)Net cash provided by operating activities$1,155,353 $993,269 $162,084 
Net cash used in investing activitiesNet cash used in investing activities$(800,275)$(1,156,921)$356,646 Net cash used in investing activities$(1,170,649)$(800,275)$(370,374)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities$249,156 $(509,716)$758,872 
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activitiesNet cash (used in) provided by financing activities$(124,081)$249,156 $(373,237)
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
The decreaseincrease in cash flows provided byfrom operating activities was primarily due to:
a lower volume of residential outright sales transactions as compared to (i) an increaseCompany-owned transactions resulting from the transition in selling, general and administrative expenses largely2020 to a predominately Company-owned model;
a decrease in outflows of $81 million due to the Defenders Acquisition, (ii) an increasea payment in the volumefirst quarter of transactions in which equipment was sold outright to residential customers, (iii) the sale of ADT Canada, (iv) $81 million2020 related to the settlement of a pre-existing relationship in connection with the Defenders Acquisition,Acquisition; and (v)
a decrease in cash interest of $51 million from various refinancing transactions of our long-term debt.
The increase was partially offset by an increase of $155 million in interest payments related to radio conversion costs, net of $40 million due to changes to the timing and amount of interest payments as a result of our recent financing transactions.related incremental revenue. The remainder of the activity in cash flows provided by operating activities related to changes in assets and liabilities due to the volume and timing of other operating cash receipts and payments with respect to when the transactions are reflected in earnings.
In connection with our transition back to a predominately Company-owned model for our residential transactions, we expect to experience an increase in cash flows from operating activities related to a decrease in the volume of transactions in which equipment is sold outright to residential customers subsequent to September 30, 2020 as reported in our results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
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Refer to the discussions above under “—Results of Operations” for further details.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
The decreaseincrease in cash flows used in investing activities was primarily due to (i) a decreaseto:
an increase in the volume of dealer generated customer account and bulk account purchases of $247 million due to a higher volume of dealer account purchases, including accounts purchased from a third party, and the impact of an advance payment received in 2020 for dealer charge-backs in connection with the Defenders Acquisition, (ii) Acquisition; and
an increase in subscriber system assets expenditures of $246 million due to a higher volume of Company-owned transactions as compared to outright sales transactions resulting from the transition in 2020 to a predominately Company-owned model; partially offset by
a decrease in the volume of subscriber system asset expenditures as a result of the Equipment Ownership Model Change and the sale of ADT Canada, and (iii) proceeds received associated with the sale of a strategic investment. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in cash usedpaid for business acquisitions, net of cash acquired of $87$166 million primarily due to the Defenders Acquisition.
In connection with our transition back to a predominately Company-owned model for our residential transactions, we expect to experience an increaseAcquisition in cash flows used in investing activities related to an increase in the volume of subscriber system asset expenditures subsequent to September 30, 2020 as compared to the volume of subscriber system asset expenditures for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, netThe change in cash provided byflows from financing activities was primarily consisteddue to a decrease in proceeds from the issuance of (i)common stock attributable to the $450 million of proceeds associated with the issuance of Class B Common Stock and (ii) $41 million of net proceeds under the Receivables Facility. These cash inflows werein 2020, partially offset by (i) $108by:
a decrease of $44 million related to thein net repayments of long-term borrowings, (ii) $80including finance leases, primarily due to a decrease in call premiums partially offset by higher net principal payments on long-term debt and
an increase of $48 million in net proceeds from the Receivables Facility due to one additional quarter of activity in 2021.
The remainder of the change was primarily due to increases in (i) payments related to dividend paymentsinterest rate swap contracts that included an other-than-insignificant financing element at inception, (ii) transactions related to employee share-based compensation plans, and (iii) dividends on common stock, and (iii) $28 million related to the payment ofpartially offset by a decrease in payments for deferred financing fees.costs.
COMMITMENTS AND CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, net cash used in financing activities primarily consisted of (i) $272 million related to the net repayments of long-term borrowings, (ii) $150 million related to repurchases of common stock, (iii) $53 million related to the payment of deferred financing fees, and (iv) $34 million related to dividend payments on common stock.
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COMMITMENTS AND CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
In our 2019 Annual Report, we disclosed our commitments and contractual obligations. There2021, there have been no material changes to these commitments and contractual obligations as disclosed in our 2020 Annual Report, except foras discussed below:
We entered into an agreement in February 2021 with a third party to purchase customer accounts, if certain commitments pursuantconditions are met, up to approximately $67 million over the Commercial Agreement andcourse of the changes to our long-term debt during the nine months endedagreement, of which approximately half have not been purchased as of September 30, 2020, as described above. 2021.
Refer to the discussion above under “—Liquidity and Capital Resources” for further details regarding significant changes to our long-term debt.
During October 2020, we entered into a master services agreement with Rackspace US, Inc., a related party, for the provision of cloud storage, equipment, and services to facilitate the implementation of our cloud migration strategy for certain applications. The master services agreement includes a minimum purchase commitment of $50 million over a 7 year term.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
ThereDuring the nine months ended September 30, 2021, there have been no material changes to our off-balance sheet arrangements as disclosed in our 20192020 Annual Report during the nine months ended September 30, 2020.Report.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP, which requires us to select accounting policies and make estimates that affect amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Management’s estimates are based on the relevant information available at the end of each period. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or market conditions. In our 2019 Annual Report, we identified
We disclosed our accounting policies thatin our 2020 Annual Report, which are based on, among other things, estimates and judgments made by management that include inherent risks and uncertainties.
Refer to Note 1 “Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about recent accounting adoptionspronouncements and pronouncements.adoptions.
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CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report contains certain information that may constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. While we have specifically identified certain information as being forward-looking in the context of its presentation, we caution you that all statements contained in this report that are not clearly historical in nature, including statements regarding anticipated financial performance,performance; management’s plans and objectives for future operations,operations; our proposed acquisition of Sunpro Solar and its anticipated impact on our business prospects,and financial condition; business prospects; outcome of regulatory proceedings,proceedings; market conditions,conditions; our ability to successfully respond to the challenges posed by the COVID-19 Pandemic,Pandemic; our strategic partnership and ongoing relationship with Google,Google; the expected timing of product commercialization with Google or any changes thereto,thereto; the successful internal development, commercialization, and timing of our next generation platformplatform; and other matters, are forward-looking. Forward-looking statements are contained principally in the sections of this report entitled “Risk Factors,” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Without limiting the generality of the preceding sentence, any time we use the words “expects,” “intends,” “will,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “confident,” “continue,” “propose,” “seeks,” “could,” “may,” “should,” “estimates,” “forecasts,” “might,” “goals,” “objectives,” “targets,” “planned,” “projects,” and similar expressions, we intend to clearly express that the information deals with possible future events and is forward-looking in nature. However, the absence of these words or similar expressions does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking.
Forward-looking information involves risks, uncertainties, and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in, or reasonably inferred from, such statements, including without limitation, risks and uncertainties related to the parties’ ability to successfully close the Sunpro Solar acquisition, which is subject to various closing conditions; our ability to integrate the acquired business successfully and to achieve synergies and other benefits; the possibility that other anticipated benefits may not be timely realized, if at all; the acquisition potentially causing disruption to the Sunpro Solar business and to its customers; the acquisition potentially distracting our management team from our existing business; the acquisition potentially adversely impacting our financial results; other risks associated with our ability to execute on the transaction; and the risks and uncertainties disclosed or referenced in Part II Item 1A. of this report under the heading “Risk Factors.” Therefore, caution should be taken to not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements. Much of the information in this report that looks toward future performance of the Company is based on various factors and important assumptions about future events that may or may not actually occur. As a result, our operations and financial results in the future could differ materially and substantially from those we have discussed in the forward-looking statements included in thethis Quarterly Report. We assume no obligation (and specifically disclaim any such obligation) to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by law.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.
Our operations expose us to a variety of market risks, including the effects of changes in interest rates.rates as we have both fixed-rate and variable-rate debt. We monitor and manage these financial exposures as an integral part of our overall risk management program. Our policies allow for the use of specified financial instruments for hedging purposes only. Use of derivatives for speculation purposes is prohibited.
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Interest Rate Risk
We have both fixed-rate and variable-rate debt, and, as a result, we are exposed to fluctuations in interest rates on our debt. We have interest rate swap contracts to hedge ourTo manage interest rate exposure on our variable-rate debt. However, certain of our variable-rate debt, instruments are subject to a one-percent floor on interest payments while ourwe entered into interest rate swap contracts do not include a floor.contracts. If current LIBOR increases above one percent,0.75%, the increase in our debt service obligations on mostthe majority of our variable-rate indebtedness will be neutralized as we have entered into interest rate swaps that hedge any increase in current LIBOR above one percent. If0.75%. However, if current LIBOR isfalls below one percent,0.75%, even though the amount borrowed remains the same, our net income and cash flows, including cash available for servicing our indebtedness, will decrease by the impact of the difference between one percent0.75% and current LIBOR because certain of our variable-rate debtindebtedness has an interest floor of one percent0.75% while the corresponding interest rate swap contracts do not have a LIBOR floor.not.
As a result of changes in the interest rate environment in response to macroeconomic decline, our interest rate swap contracts designated as cash flow hedges with an aggregate notional amount of $3 billion were no longer highly effective beginning in March 2020. Accordingly, we de-designated the cash flow hedgesUnrealized gains and the changes in fair value for the period in which these cash flow hedges were no longer highly effective were recognized in interest expense. Amounts recognized as a component of AOCI prior to de-designation will be reclassified into interest expense in the same period in which the related interestlosses on variable-rate debt affects earnings through the maturity dates of the interest rate swap contracts as the forecasted cash flows are probable of occurring.
The changes in fair value of interest rate swap contracts recognized in interest expense, net, in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations were a gaingains of $8$23 million and a loss of $1$8 million during the three months ended September 30, 20202021 and 2019,2020, respectively, and losses ofa $115 million gain and a $90 million and $9 millionloss during the nine months ended September 30, 20202021 and 2019,2020, respectively.
As of September 30, 2020,2021, the carrying amount of our debt, excluding finance leases, was $9.7$9.5 billion with a fair value of $10.1$10.0 billion. In addition, we had interest rate swap contracts with aggregate notional amounts of $3.2 billion with a net liability fair value of $305 million as a net liability. $161 million.
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As of September 30, 2020,2021, a hypothetical 10% change in interest rates would change the fair value of our debt by approximately $224$194 million based on the implied yield from broker-quoted market prices on our debt, while a similar change in interest rates would change the fair value of our interest rate swap contracts by approximately $3$1 million based on a discounted cash flow analysis. Additionally, any 0.125% decrease in LIBOR below 1.0%0.75% would result in an increase of approximately $4 million in annualized interest expense on our variable-rate debt, including the impact of our interest rate swaps.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that as of September 30, 2020,2021, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level in recording, processing, summarizing,ensuring information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reporting,reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act, and that such information wasis accumulated and communicated to the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in our management’s evaluation pursuant to Rules 13a-15(d) and 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act during the three months ended September 30, 20202021 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
See Note 12 “Commitments and Contingencies” to the condensed consolidated financial statements under the heading “Legal Proceedings” included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for legal proceedings and related matters.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.
Our significant business risks are describedIn addition to the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, you should carefully consider the risk factors discussed under Part I, Item 1A.1A “Risk Factors” of our 2020 Annual Report and in our 2019other filings with the SEC. Some risk factors set forth in our 2020 Annual Report will also be applicable to Sunpro Solar after the closing of the proposed acquisition. The risks described herein and in our 2020 Annual Report, as filedwell as such other filings with the SEC, are not the only risks facing our company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, and/or operating results.
Additional Risk Factor Relating to COVID-19
Mandatory COVID-19 vaccination of employees could impact our workforce and suppliers and have a material adverse effect on March 10, 2020our business and results of operations.
Effective November 5, 2021, the U.S. Department of Labor’s Occupational Safety and Health Administration (“OSHA”) issued an emergency temporary standard (“OSHA Regulation”) requiring all employers with at least 100 employees (“Covered Employers”) to implement a COVID-19 vaccination policy that requires their employees be fully vaccinated or tested weekly. Under the OSHA Regulation, each Covered Employer must require its employees to be vaccinated or to undergo weekly COVID-19 testing and wear a face covering at work. Covered Employers, such as the Company, will be required to provide paid time off to workers to get vaccinated and allow for paid leave to recover from any side effects. The OSHA Regulation also requires Covered Employers to i) determine the vaccination status of each employee, ii) obtain acceptable proof of vaccination status from vaccinated employees and maintain records of such vaccinations, and iii) require employees to provide prompt notice when they test positive for COVID-19 diagnosis or receive a COVID-19 diagnosis. Covered Employers are required to comply with most of the requirements of the OSHA Regulation by December 6, 2021, and must comply with the testing requirement by January 4, 2022. Failure to comply with the OSHA Regulation may result in fines. Litigation challenging aspects of the OSHA Regulation has already commenced, and we anticipate that further litigation and other actions challenging aspects of the OSHA Regulation may materialize, which could further complicate the implementation of the OSHA Regulation.
The OSHA Regulation or similar mandatory vaccination or testing requirements that may become applicable to our employees may result in employee attrition, including attrition of critically skilled labor, difficulty in obtaining services, parts, components and equipment from impacted suppliers, and increased costs which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Risks Relating to Our Proposed Acquisition of Sunpro Solar
The Sunpro Solar acquisition is subject to closing conditions which may not be satisfied, and we may have difficulties integrating the operations and business of Sunpro Solar with our own and in realizing anticipated synergies.
The Sunpro Solar Acquisition is subject to closing conditions which may not be satisfied. If we are able to successfully close the acquisition, it will be the largest acquisition we have undertaken for a number of years and is in an industry with which we do not have experience. The complexities of the integration and expansion of Sunpro Solar’s operations are not yet known. It has and will continue to take a significant amount of time and attention to integrate these operations with our Quarterly Reportsexisting operations teams, and management’s ongoing attention to the solar business during and beyond the integration phase could detract from our existing operations. Among the challenges we face in doing so are the need to integrate a large number of new employees and integrating and aligning numerous business and work processes, including information technology and cyber security systems, all within an industry to which we are new. If we encounter other difficulties with the integration process, it could harm our reputation and have a material adverse effect on Form 10-Qour business, financial condition, or results of operations. There also is no assurance that we will be able to recognize anticipated synergies, and, accordingly, to realize the perceived benefits of the proposed acquisition.
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The solar industry is competitive and creates pressure on pricing and customer acquisition efforts.
Solar energy is a new market for us, with strong competitors that could make it difficult for us to attract customers at prices which we believe are appropriate, which could result in lower revenue and cash flow from operating activities. We do not have experience in this industry and may not be as capable as our competitors in adapting our business as market needs may demand, or in realizing opportunities within this business. There can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully compete against larger or more established competitors, and the failure to compete effectively may adversely impact our ability to meet our growth and revenue plans and may adversely impact our results of operations.
The Sunpro Solar business may not have disclosure controls and procedures, internal controls over financial reporting, or data privacy compliance programs that are as robust as those we currently have, or which may not be in conformity with ours.
We may need to further develop the SEC disclosure controls and procedures, internal controls over financial reporting, and other controls of the Sunpro Solar business. If there are deficiencies in controls, procedures, or programs, we may not be in a position to detect significant errors or comply with our obligations under applicable laws, regulations, rules, or listing standards. We will be able to avail ourselves of scope limitations with respect to certifications required under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act for the current year assuming the acquisition closes in the fourth quarter of 2021. However, in 2022, we will not be able to scope out the Sunpro Solar business for specific controls, and we cannot guarantee that we will have enough time to develop the necessary controls. If we do not timely develop these controls, our business and financial condition may be materially harmed.
Existing electric utility industry regulations, and changes to regulations, may present technical, regulatory, or economic barriers to the purchase and use of solar energy systems that may significantly reduce demand for our solar energy systems.
Federal, state, and local government regulations and policies concerning the electric utility industry, and internal policies and regulations promulgated by electric utilities, heavily influence the market for electricity generation products and services. These regulations and policies often relate to electricity pricing and the interconnection of customer-owned electricity generation. In the United States, governments and utilities continuously modify these regulations and policies. These regulations and policies could deter potential customers from purchasing renewable energy, including solar energy systems. This could result in a significant reduction in the potential demand for Sunpro Solar energy systems. For example, utilities commonly charge fees to larger, industrial customers for disconnecting from the electric grid or for having the capacity to use power from the electric grid for back-up purposes. These fees could increase customers’ costs and make the Sunpro Solar system less desirable, or require Sunpro Solar to effectively subsidize customers’ financing arrangements, thereby harming our business, prospects, financial condition, and results of operations. In addition, depending on the region, electricity generated by solar energy systems competes most effectively with expensive peak-hour electricity from the electric grid rather than the less expensive average price of electricity. Modifications to the utilities’ peak hour pricing policies or rate design, such as a flat rate, would require us to lower the price of solar energy systems to compete with the price of electricity from the electric grid.
In addition, any changes to government or internal utility regulations and policies that favor electric utilities could reduce Sunpro Solar’s competitiveness and cause a significant reduction in demand for our products and services. For example, certain jurisdictions have proposed assessing fees on customers purchasing energy from solar energy systems or imposing a new charge that would disproportionately impact solar energy system customers who utilize net metering, either of which would increase the cost of energy to those customers and could reduce demand for solar energy systems. Any similar government or utility policies adopted in the future could reduce demand for our products and services and adversely impact growth.
The Sunpro Solar business currently depends on the availability of rebates, tax credits, and other financial incentives. The expiration, elimination, or reduction of these rebates, credits, and incentives would adversely impact our business.
U.S. federal, state, and local government bodies provide incentives to end users, distributors, system integrators, and manufacturers of solar energy systems to promote solar electricity in the form of rebates, tax credits, and other financial incentives such as system performance payments and payments for renewable energy credits associated with renewable energy generation. Sunpro Solar relies on these governmental rebates, tax credits, and other financial incentives to lower its cost of capital, enabling it to lower the price it charges to customers. However, these incentives may expire on a particular date, end when the allocated funding is exhausted, or be reduced or terminated as solar energy adoption rates increase. These reductions or terminations often occur without warning.
Reductions in, or eliminations or expirations of, governmental incentives could adversely impact our results of operations and ability to compete by increasing the cost of capital, causing us to increase the prices, and reducing the size of our addressable market.
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Sunpro Solar depends on a limited number of suppliers of solar panels and other system components to adequately meet anticipated demand for solar energy systems. Any shortage, delay, or component price change from these suppliers could result in sales and installation delays, cancellations, and/or loss of market share.
Sunpro Solar purchases solar panels and other components from a limited number of suppliers, making it susceptible to quality issues, shortages, and price changes. If it fails to develop, maintain, and expand its relationships with these or other suppliers, it may be unable to adequately meet anticipated demand for solar energy systems, or may only be able to offer systems at higher costs or after delays. If one or more of the suppliers ceases or reduces production, Sunpro Solar may be unable to quickly identify alternate suppliers or to qualify alternative products on commercially reasonable terms. There have also been periods of industry-wide shortage of key components, including solar panels, in times of rapid industry growth. The manufacturing infrastructure for some of these components has a long lead time, requires significant capital investment, and relies on the continued availability of key commodity materials, potentially resulting in an inability to meet demand for these components. Any decline in the exchange rate of the U.S. dollar compared to the functional currency of component suppliers could increase component prices. In addition, the U.S. government has imposed tariffs on solar cells manufactured in China. Any of these shortages, delays, or price changes could limit growth, cause cancellations, or adversely affect profitability, and result in loss of market share and damage to our brand.
Compliance with federal, state, and local laws and regulations, such as occupational safety and health requirements and best practices, can be costly, and noncompliance with such requirements may result in potentially significant monetary penalties, operational delays, or adverse publicity.
The installation of solar energy systems requires employees to work at heights with complicated and potentially dangerous systems. There is risk of serious injury or death if proper safety procedures are not followed. Sunpro Solar operations are subject to regulation under the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Act, or OSHA, and equivalent state laws. Changes to OSHA requirements, or stricter interpretation or enforcement of existing laws or regulations, could result in increased costs. Failure to comply with applicable OSHA regulations or other federal, state, and local laws and regulations related to any aspect of the Sunpro Solar business, even if no work-related serious injury or death occurs, may result in civil or criminal enforcement and substantial penalties, significant capital expenditures, or suspension or limitation of operations. Any such accidents, citations, violations, injuries, or failure to comply with industry best practices may result in adverse publicity, which could damage our reputation and competitive position, and may adversely affect our business.
If we are unable to retain Sunpro Solar’s management and key talent, or a sufficient number of team members to maintain and grow the business, our business could be materially and adversely affected.
Our success will depend in part upon the continued services of certain key talent, including management and team members of Sunpro Solar, throughout our integration and expansion efforts. Our ability to retain existing and to recruit new team members could be negatively impacted by the competitive labor environment and require us to pay wages and incur other costs in excess of our planned expenditures. In addition, any impact related to the COVID-19 Pandemic, including any mandate we may impose upon team members to become vaccinated or otherwise wear protective equipment in the performance of their duties with us, could result in team member attrition and an inability to recruit new team members. The loss, incapacity, or unavailability for any reason of members of the Sunpro Solar management team or other key talent, along with higher than expected payroll and other costs associated with the hiring and retention of key talent and other team members, or the inability to hire or delay in any such hiring, could materially adversely affect our ability to manage our business and our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC since such date. You should be aware that these risk factorsfuture operational and other information may not describe every risk facing the Company.financial results.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.
Recent Sales of Unregistered Equity Securities
As previously disclosed in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed withThere were no sales of unregistered equity securities during the SEC on January 7, 2020, we issued shares of Common Stock as consideration in the Defenders Acquisition in reliance on the exemption provided by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act.
In addition, as previously disclosed in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC onnine months ended September 17, 2020, we issued and sold 54,744,525 shares of Class B Common Stock for an aggregate purchase price of $450 million to Google in a private placement in reliance on the exemption provided by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act. The proceeds received will be used to reduce debt and fund growth over time.30, 2021.
Use of Proceeds from Registered Equity Securities
We did not receive any proceeds from sales of registered equity securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2020.2021.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
On February 27, 2019, we approved the Share Repurchase Program, which permitsauthorized us to repurchase up to $150 millionshares of our shares of Common Stock through February 27, 2021. We announced the(up to a certain amount). The Share Repurchase Program on March 11, 2019. On March 23, 2020, we approved an increase of $75 million, inclusive of the amount then remaining under the Share Repurchase Program,terminated in the authorized repurchase amount and an extension of the Share Repurchase Program throughaccordance with its terms on March 23, 2021.
We may effect these repurchases pursuant to one or more trading plans to be adopted in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 (each, a “10b5-1 plan”) under the Exchange Act, in privately negotiated transactions, in open market transactions, or pursuant to an accelerated share repurchase program. We intend to conduct the Share Repurchase Program in accordance with Rule 10b-18 under the Exchange Act. We are not obligated to repurchase any of our shares of Common Stock and the timing and amount of any repurchases will depend on legal requirements, market conditions, stock price, alternative uses of capital, and other factors.
During the three months ended September 30, 2020, thereThere were no repurchases of any shares of our Common Stock underduring the Repurchase Program and as ofthree months ended September 30, 2020, we had approximately $75 million remaining in the Repurchase Program.2021.
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ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.
None.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.
None.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION.
None.
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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS.
The exhibits listed on the accompanying Exhibit Index are filedfiled/furnished or incorporated by reference as part of this report.
Exhibits Index
The information required by this Item is set forth on the exhibit index.index below.
Exhibit NumberExhibit Description
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101XBRL Instant Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
104Cover Page Interactive Data File - the cover page XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
_________________________
^ Confidential treatment requested. Confidential portions of this Exhibit 2.1exhibit have been omitted.
* Filed herewith.
** Furnished herewith.
+ Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.


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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
ADT Inc.
Date:November 5, 20209, 2021By:/s/ Jeffrey Likosar
 Name:Jeffrey Likosar
 Title:Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and TreasurerPresident, Corporate Development
(Principal (Principal Financial Officer)
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