UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
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☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023
or
| | | | | |
☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 001-39729
SOTERA HEALTH COMPANY
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Delaware | | 47-3531161 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
| | | | |
9100 South Hills Blvd, Suite 300 | | | | |
Broadview Heights, Ohio | | 44147 |
(Address of principal executive offices) | | (Zip Code) |
| | | | |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code | | (440) | | 262-1410 |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| | | | | | | | |
Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered |
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share | SHC | The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Large accelerated filer | ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ☐ |
| | Emerging growth company | ☐ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No
As of October 25, 2022,April 26, 2023, there were 282,113,499282,516,526 shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.01 par value per share, outstanding.
SOTERA HEALTH COMPANY
- TABLE OF CONTENTS -
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward lookingForward-looking statements are often characterized by the use of the words such as “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “projects,” “may,” “intends,” “plans” or “anticipates,” or by discussions of strategy, plans or intentions. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that could cause our actual results, performance, or achievements, or industry results, to differ materially from historical results or any future results, performance or achievements expressed, suggested or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to:
•disruption in the availability of, or increases in the price of, ethylene oxide (“EO”), Cobalt-60 (“Co-60”) or our other direct materials, services and supplies, including as a result of current geopolitical instability and sanctions arising from U.S., CanadianUnited States, Canada, the United Kingdom and European Union relations with Russia and related sanctions;Russia;
•adverseforeign currency exchange rates and changes in industry trends;those rates:
•changes in environmental, health and safety regulations or preferences;preferences, and general economic, social and business conditions;
•health and safety risks associated with the use, storage, transportation and disposal of potentially hazardous materials such as EO and Co-60;
•liability claims relating to health risks associated with the useimpact and outcome of EO;
•current and future legal proceedings;proceedings and liability claims;
•adverse judgments against two of our subsidiaries in the EO tort litigation that may require an appellate bond or alternative form of security to appeal, and plaintiff efforts by plaintiffs to enforce large judgments against us, or settlements of such litigation, any one of which may have an adverse impact on our liquidity;
•competition we face;
•market changes, including inflationary trends, that impact our long-term supply contracts with variable price clauses and increase our cost of revenues;
•allegations of our failure to properly perform services and potential product liability claims, recalls, penalties and reputational harm;
•compliance with the extensive regulatory requirements to which we are subject, the related costs, and any failures to receive or maintain, or delays in receiving, required clearance or approvals;
•adverse changes in industry trends;
•competition we face;
•market changes, including inflationary trends, that impact our long-term supply contracts with variable price clauses and increase our cost of revenues;
•business continuity hazards, including supply chain disruptions and other risks associated with our operations;
•the ongoing impactrisks of the COVID-19 pandemic;doing business internationally, including global and regional economic and political instability and compliance with numerous laws and regulations in multiple jurisdictions;
•our ability to increase capacity at existing facilities, build new facilities in a timely and cost-effective manner and renew leases for our leased facilities;
•our ability to attract and retain qualified employees;
•severe health events, such as the risksongoing impact of doing business internationally, including global and regional economic and political instability and compliance with numerous laws and regulations in multiple jurisdictions;the COVID-19 pandemic, or environmental events;
•cyber security breaches, unauthorized data disclosures, and our dependence on information technology systems;
•any inability to pursue strategic transactions, including our ability to find suitable acquisition targets, or our failure to integrate strategic acquisitions successfully into our business;
•our ability to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting;
•our reliance on intellectual property to maintain our competitive position and the risk of claims from third parties that we infringe or misappropriate their intellectual property rights;
•our ability to comply with rapidly evolving data privacy and security laws and regulations and any ineffective compliance efforts with such laws and regulations;
•the effects of unionization efforts and labor regulations in certain countries in which we operate;
•our ability to maintain profitability in the future;
•impairment charges on our goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives, as well as other long-lived assets and intangible assets with definite lives;
•the effects of unionization efforts and labor regulations in certain countries in which we operate;
•adverse changes to our tax positions in U.S. or non-U.S. jurisdictions, the interpretation and application of recent U.S. tax legislation or other changes in U.S. or non-U.S. taxation of our operations;
•our significant leverage and how this significant leverage could adversely affect our ability to raise additional capital, limit our ability to react to changes in the economy or our industry, limit our flexibility in operating our business through restrictions contained in our debt agreements and prevent us from meeting our obligations under our existing and future indebtedness; and
•uncertainty around discontinuation of LIBOR and transition to certain other interest “benchmarks.”
These statements are based on current plans, estimates and projections, and therefore you should not place undue reliance on them. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to update them publicly in light of new information or future events, except as required by law. The inclusion of this forward-looking information should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that the future plans, estimates or expectations contemplated by us will be achieved.
You should carefully consider the above factors, as well as the factors discussed elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including under Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” as well as Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20212022 (the “2021“2022 10-K”). If any of these trends, risks or uncertainties actually occursoccur or continues,continue, our business, financial condition or operating results could be materially adversely affected, the trading prices of our securities could decline and you could lose all or part of your investment. All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.
Unless expressly indicated or the context requires otherwise, the terms “Sotera Health,” “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” in this document refer to Sotera Health Company, a Delaware corporation, and, where appropriate, its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis.
Part I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
Sotera Health Company
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands) | | | | | | | | | | | |
| As of |
| September 30, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
Assets | (Unaudited) | | |
Current assets: | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 163,975 | | | $ | 106,917 | |
Restricted cash short-term | 986 | | | 7 | |
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for uncollectible accounts of $1,414 and $1,287, respectively | 111,613 | | | 108,183 | |
Inventories, net | 37,153 | | | 54,288 | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 81,673 | | | 71,923 | |
Income taxes receivable | 25,334 | | | 4,643 | |
Total current assets | 420,734 | | | 345,961 | |
Property, plant, and equipment, net | 704,406 | | | 650,797 | |
Operating lease assets | 27,194 | | | 39,946 | |
Deferred income taxes | 5,087 | | | 5,885 | |
Investment in unconsolidated affiliate | — | | | 9,405 | |
Post-retirement assets | 9,856 | | | 5,478 | |
Other assets | 47,131 | | | 12,866 | |
Other intangible assets, net | 503,755 | | | 598,844 | |
Goodwill | 1,092,469 | | | 1,120,320 | |
Total assets | $ | 2,810,632 | | | $ | 2,789,502 | |
Liabilities and equity | | | |
Current liabilities: | | | |
Accounts payable | $ | 60,730 | | | $ | 72,868 | |
Accrued liabilities | 56,762 | | | 61,861 | |
Deferred revenue | 5,347 | | | 8,669 | |
| | | |
Current portion of finance lease obligations | 1,591 | | | 1,160 | |
Current portion of operating lease obligations | 7,718 | | | 9,289 | |
Current portion of asset retirement obligations | 532 | | | 619 | |
Income taxes payable | 7,351 | | | 6,695 | |
Total current liabilities | 140,031 | | | 161,161 | |
Long-term debt | 1,746,555 | | | 1,743,534 | |
Finance lease obligations, less current portion | 54,935 | | | 40,877 | |
Operating lease obligations, less current portion | 22,174 | | | 33,017 | |
Noncurrent asset retirement obligations | 43,889 | | | 41,833 | |
Deferred lease income | 18,769 | | | 20,745 | |
Post-retirement obligations | 10,485 | | | 11,464 | |
Noncurrent liabilities | 15,345 | | | 16,274 | |
Deferred income taxes | 151,720 | | | 134,501 | |
Total liabilities | 2,203,903 | | | 2,203,406 | |
See Commitments and contingencies note | | | |
Equity: | | | |
Common stock, with $0.01 par value, 1,200,000 shares authorized; 286,037 shares issued at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively | 2,860 | | | 2,860 | |
Preferred stock, with $0.01 par value, 120,000 authorized no shares issued at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively | — | | | — | |
Treasury stock, at cost (3,924 and 3,052 shares at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively) | (32,653) | | | (33,545) | |
Additional paid-in capital | 1,186,620 | | | 1,172,593 | |
Retained deficit | (386,097) | | | (472,246) | |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (164,001) | | | (83,566) | |
Total equity attributable to Sotera Health Company | 606,729 | | | 586,096 | |
Noncontrolling interests | — | | | — | |
Total equity | 606,729 | | | 586,096 | |
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 2,810,632 | | | $ | 2,789,502 | |
thousands, except per share amounts) | | | | | | | | | | | |
| As of |
| March 31, 2023 | | December 31, 2022 |
Assets | (Unaudited) | | |
Current assets: | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 647,948 | | | $ | 395,214 | |
Restricted cash short-term | 12,232 | | | 1,080 | |
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for uncollectible accounts of $2,587 and $1,871, respectively | 109,163 | | | 118,482 | |
Inventories, net | 46,736 | | | 37,145 | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 87,303 | | | 80,995 | |
Income taxes receivable | 20,417 | | | 12,094 | |
Total current assets | 923,799 | | | 645,010 | |
Property, plant, and equipment, net | 816,164 | | | 774,527 | |
Operating lease assets | 24,941 | | | 26,481 | |
Deferred income taxes | 4,165 | | | 4,101 | |
Post-retirement assets | 36,915 | | | 35,570 | |
Other assets | 32,909 | | | 38,983 | |
Other intangible assets, net | 471,860 | | | 491,265 | |
Goodwill | 1,103,420 | | | 1,101,768 | |
Total assets | $ | 3,414,173 | | | $ | 3,117,705 | |
Liabilities and equity | | | |
Current liabilities: | | | |
Accounts payable | $ | 61,939 | | | $ | 74,139 | |
Accrued liabilities | 496,791 | | | 490,130 | |
Deferred revenue | 15,161 | | | 12,140 | |
Current portion of long-term debt | 4,031 | | | 197,119 | |
Current portion of finance lease obligations | 8,588 | | | 1,722 | |
Current portion of operating lease obligations | 6,942 | | | 7,554 | |
Current portion of asset retirement obligations | 2,108 | | | 2,896 | |
Income taxes payable | 4,589 | | | 5,867 | |
Total current liabilities | 600,149 | | | 791,567 | |
Long-term debt, less current portion | 2,222,333 | | | 1,747,115 | |
Finance lease obligations, less current portion | 61,735 | | | 56,955 | |
Operating lease obligations, less current portion | 20,561 | | | 21,577 | |
Noncurrent asset retirement obligations | 43,350 | | | 42,586 | |
Deferred lease income | 18,785 | | | 18,902 | |
Post-retirement obligations | 7,858 | | | 7,910 | |
Noncurrent liabilities | 15,051 | | | 12,831 | |
Deferred income taxes | 63,226 | | | 68,024 | |
Total liabilities | 3,053,048 | | | 2,767,467 | |
See Commitments and contingencies note | | | |
Equity: | | | |
Common stock, with $0.01 par value, 1,200,000 shares authorized; 286,037 shares issued at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 | 2,860 | | | 2,860 | |
Preferred stock, with $0.01 par value, 120,000 authorized; no shares issued at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 | — | | | — | |
Treasury stock, at cost (3,520 and 3,616 shares at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively) | (29,420) | | | (29,775) | |
Additional paid-in capital | 1,195,357 | | | 1,189,622 | |
Retained deficit | (702,974) | | | (705,816) | |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (104,698) | | | (106,653) | |
Total equity | 361,125 | | | 350,238 | |
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 3,414,173 | | | $ | 3,117,705 | |
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
Sotera Health Company
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
| | | Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | Three Months Ended March 31, |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2023 | | 2022 |
| | | (Unaudited) |
Revenues: | Revenues: | | | | | | | | Revenues: | |
Service | Service | $ | 216,704 | | | $ | 200,499 | | | $ | 644,451 | | | $ | 597,907 | | Service | $ | 214,510 | | | $ | 206,218 | |
Product | Product | 32,000 | | | 25,665 | | | 107,646 | | | 92,322 | | Product | 6,080 | | | 30,536 | |
Total net revenues | Total net revenues | 248,704 | | | 226,164 | | | 752,097 | | | 690,229 | | Total net revenues | 220,590 | | | 236,754 | |
Cost of revenues: | Cost of revenues: | | Cost of revenues: | |
Service | Service | 99,772 | | | 88,349 | | | 292,755 | | | 264,776 | | Service | 104,210 | | | 94,576 | |
Product | Product | 12,919 | | | 12,229 | | | 44,058 | | | 40,734 | | Product | 4,877 | | | 13,303 | |
Total cost of revenues | Total cost of revenues | 112,691 | | | 100,578 | | | 336,813 | | | 305,510 | | Total cost of revenues | 109,087 | | | 107,879 | |
Gross profit | Gross profit | 136,013 | | | 125,586 | | | 415,284 | | | 384,719 | | Gross profit | 111,503 | | | 128,875 | |
Operating expenses: | Operating expenses: | | Operating expenses: | |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | Selling, general and administrative expenses | 57,091 | | | 44,038 | | | 179,765 | | | 146,331 | | Selling, general and administrative expenses | 61,910 | | | 59,542 | |
Amortization of intangible assets | Amortization of intangible assets | 15,727 | | | 15,877 | | | 47,337 | | | 48,081 | | Amortization of intangible assets | 16,227 | | | 15,841 | |
| Total operating expenses | Total operating expenses | 72,818 | | | 59,915 | | | 227,102 | | | 194,412 | | Total operating expenses | 78,137 | | | 75,383 | |
Operating income | Operating income | 63,195 | | | 65,671 | | | 188,182 | | | 190,307 | | Operating income | 33,366 | | | 53,492 | |
Interest expense, net | Interest expense, net | 23,427 | | | 18,140 | | | 47,875 | | | 58,585 | | Interest expense, net | 28,870 | | | 10,404 | |
Impairment of investment in unconsolidated affiliate | — | | | — | | | 9,613 | | | — | | |
Loss on extinguishment of debt | — | | | 6,365 | | | — | | | 20,677 | | |
Foreign exchange (gain) loss | (535) | | | 756 | | | (502) | | | 1,410 | | |
Foreign exchange loss | | Foreign exchange loss | 347 | | | 788 | |
Other income, net | Other income, net | (1,713) | | | (693) | | | (4,195) | | | (7,347) | | Other income, net | (1,253) | | | (2,967) | |
Income before income taxes | Income before income taxes | 42,016 | | | 41,103 | | | 135,391 | | | 116,982 | | Income before income taxes | 5,402 | | | 45,267 | |
Provision for income taxes | Provision for income taxes | 16,926 | | | 13,659 | | | 49,242 | | | 35,858 | | Provision for income taxes | 2,560 | | | 14,626 | |
Net income | Net income | 25,090 | | | 27,444 | | | 86,149 | | | 81,124 | | Net income | 2,842 | | | 30,641 | |
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | — | | | — | | | — | | | 239 | | |
Net income attributable to Sotera Health Company | 25,090 | | | 27,444 | | | 86,149 | | | 80,885 | | |
Other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax: | Other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax: | | | | | | | | Other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax: | | | |
Pension and post-retirement benefits (net of taxes of $357, $466, $444, and $240, respectively) | 1,065 | | | 1,383 | | | 1,323 | | | 713 | | |
Interest rate derivatives (net of taxes of $3,368, $—, $6,718 and $—, respectively) | 9,408 | | | — | | | 18,765 | | | — | | |
Pension and post-retirement benefits (net of taxes of $(17) and $(92), respectively) | | Pension and post-retirement benefits (net of taxes of $(17) and $(92), respectively) | (51) | | | (274) | |
Interest rate derivatives (net of taxes of $(3,396) and $2,109, respectively) | | Interest rate derivatives (net of taxes of $(3,396) and $2,109, respectively) | (9,251) | | | 6,179 | |
Foreign currency translation | Foreign currency translation | (69,460) | | | (29,867) | | | (100,523) | | | (12,528) | | Foreign currency translation | 11,257 | | | 14,975 | |
Comprehensive income (loss) | (33,897) | | | (1,040) | | | 5,714 | | | 69,309 | | |
Less: comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests | — | | | — | | | — | | | 534 | | |
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Sotera Health Company | $ | (33,897) | | | $ | (1,040) | | | $ | 5,714 | | | $ | 68,775 | | |
Comprehensive income | | Comprehensive income | $ | 4,797 | | | $ | 51,521 | |
Earnings per share: | Earnings per share: | | | | | | | | Earnings per share: | | | |
Basic | Basic | $ | 0.09 | | | $ | 0.10 | | | $ | 0.31 | | | $ | 0.29 | | Basic | $ | 0.01 | | | $ | 0.11 | |
Diluted | Diluted | 0.09 | | | 0.10 | | | 0.31 | | | 0.29 | | Diluted | 0.01 | | | 0.11 | |
Weighted average number of shares outstanding: | Weighted average number of shares outstanding: | | Weighted average number of shares outstanding: | |
Basic | Basic | 280,142 | | | 279,381 | | | 279,988 | | | 279,097 | | Basic | 280,691 | | | 279,829 | |
Diluted | Diluted | 280,172 | | | 279,560 | | | 280,093 | | | 279,253 | | Diluted | 282,977 | | | 279,908 | |
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
Sotera Health Company
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
(Unaudited)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Three Months Ended March 31, |
| | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | 2023 | | 2022 |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | (Unaudited) |
Operating activities: | Operating activities: | | | | Operating activities: | |
Net income | Net income | $ | 86,149 | | | $ | 81,124 | | Net income | $ | 2,842 | | | $ | 30,641 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | | Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |
Depreciation | Depreciation | 47,496 | | | 47,457 | | Depreciation | 18,931 | | | 15,867 | |
Amortization of intangible assets | Amortization of intangible assets | 61,596 | | | 65,299 | | Amortization of intangible assets | 20,607 | | | 20,182 | |
Impairment of investment in unconsolidated affiliate | 9,613 | | | — | | |
Loss on extinguishment of debt | — | | | 20,677 | | |
| Deferred income taxes | Deferred income taxes | 17,153 | | | 8,131 | | Deferred income taxes | (1,770) | | | 5,633 | |
Share-based compensation expense | Share-based compensation expense | 14,955 | | | 10,489 | | Share-based compensation expense | 7,288 | | | 4,538 | |
Accretion of asset retirement obligations | Accretion of asset retirement obligations | 1,645 | | | 1,751 | | Accretion of asset retirement obligations | 572 | | | 520 | |
Unrealized foreign exchange (gain) loss | (5,610) | | | 715 | | |
Unrealized gain on derivatives not designated as hedging instruments | (4,323) | | | (424) | | |
Unrealized foreign exchange loss | | Unrealized foreign exchange loss | 802 | | | 2,430 | |
Unrealized loss (gain) on derivatives not designated as hedging instruments | | Unrealized loss (gain) on derivatives not designated as hedging instruments | 227 | | | (7,364) | |
Amortization of debt issuance costs | Amortization of debt issuance costs | 4,259 | | | 4,789 | | Amortization of debt issuance costs | 1,910 | | | 1,414 | |
Other | Other | (6,109) | | | (6,174) | | Other | (1,328) | | | (1,989) | |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |
Accounts receivable | Accounts receivable | (8,558) | | | (4,901) | | Accounts receivable | 10,223 | | | (6,387) | |
Inventories | Inventories | 13,896 | | | (3,429) | | Inventories | (9,512) | | | 9,323 | |
Other current assets | Other current assets | (13,066) | | | 2,225 | | Other current assets | (6,318) | | | (8,934) | |
Accounts payable | Accounts payable | (13,367) | | | (291) | | Accounts payable | (9,610) | | | (12,742) | |
Accrued liabilities | Accrued liabilities | (1,874) | | | (7,985) | | Accrued liabilities | 8,826 | | | 2,479 | |
Income taxes payable / receivable, net | Income taxes payable / receivable, net | (25,050) | | | (3,620) | | Income taxes payable / receivable, net | (9,551) | | | (5,222) | |
Other liabilities | Other liabilities | 1,489 | | | (290) | | Other liabilities | (372) | | | (81) | |
Other long-term assets | Other long-term assets | (4,259) | | | (349) | | Other long-term assets | 104 | | | (341) | |
Net cash provided by operating activities | Net cash provided by operating activities | 176,035 | | | 215,194 | | Net cash provided by operating activities | 33,871 | | | 49,967 | |
Investing activities: | Investing activities: | | Investing activities: | |
Purchases of property, plant and equipment | Purchases of property, plant and equipment | (110,642) | | | (60,898) | | Purchases of property, plant and equipment | (45,000) | | | (35,546) | |
Purchase of mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interest in Nelson Laboratories Fairfield, Inc. | — | | | (12,425) | | |
Purchase of BioScience Laboratories, LLC, net of cash acquired | — | | | (13,530) | | |
Adjustment to purchase of Regulatory Compliance Associates Inc. | Adjustment to purchase of Regulatory Compliance Associates Inc. | 450 | | | — | | Adjustment to purchase of Regulatory Compliance Associates Inc. | — | | | 63 | |
Other investing activities | Other investing activities | 34 | | | (717) | | Other investing activities | 32 | | | — | |
Net cash used in investing activities | Net cash used in investing activities | (110,158) | | | (87,570) | | Net cash used in investing activities | (44,968) | | | (35,483) | |
Financing activities: | Financing activities: | | Financing activities: | |
Purchase of noncontrolling interests in China subsidiaries | — | | | (8,418) | | |
Payments of debt issuance costs and prepayment premium | (31) | | | (6,718) | | |
Payments on debt | — | | | (100,000) | | |
Proceeds from long-term borrowings | | Proceeds from long-term borrowings | 500,000 | | | — | |
Payment on revolving credit facility | | Payment on revolving credit facility | (200,000) | | | — | |
Payments of debt issuance costs | | Payments of debt issuance costs | (24,457) | | | (31) | |
Other financing activities | Other financing activities | (1,452) | | | (368) | | Other financing activities | (1,627) | | | (418) | |
Net cash used in financing activities | (1,483) | | | (115,504) | | |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | | Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 273,916 | | | (449) | |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (6,357) | | | 345 | | Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 1,067 | | | 487 | |
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash | Net increase in cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash | 58,037 | | | 12,465 | | Net increase in cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash | 263,886 | | | 14,522 | |
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, at beginning of period | Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, at beginning of period | 106,924 | | | 102,454 | | Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, at beginning of period | 396,294 | | | 106,924 | |
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, at end of period | Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, at end of period | $ | 164,961 | | | $ | 114,919 | | Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, at end of period | $ | 660,180 | | | $ | 121,446 | |
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | | | | Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | | | |
Cash paid during the period for interest | Cash paid during the period for interest | $ | 65,045 | | | $ | 53,726 | | Cash paid during the period for interest | $ | 35,456 | | | $ | 15,809 | |
Cash paid during the period for income taxes, net of tax refunds received | Cash paid during the period for income taxes, net of tax refunds received | 56,474 | | | 31,922 | | Cash paid during the period for income taxes, net of tax refunds received | 14,014 | | | 13,505 | |
Purchases of property, plant and equipment included in accounts payable | Purchases of property, plant and equipment included in accounts payable | 18,583 | | | 14,527 | | Purchases of property, plant and equipment included in accounts payable | 13,061 | | | 9,508 | |
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
Sotera Health Company
Consolidated Statements of Equity
(in thousands)
(Unaudited)
| | | Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 | | Shares | | Amount | | Amount | | Additional Paid-In Capital | | Retained Earnings / (Accumulated Deficit) | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income | | Total Equity |
| | Common Stock | | Additional Paid-In Capital | | Retained Earnings / (Accumulated Deficit) | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income | | Noncontrolling Interests | | Total Equity | | Common Stock | | Common Stock | | Treasury Stock | |
| Shares | | Amount | | Treasury Stock | | |
Balance at June 30, 2022 | 282,902 | | | $ | 2,860 | | | $ | (32,654) | | | $ | 1,181,995 | | | $ | (411,187) | | | $ | (105,014) | | | $ | — | | | $ | 636,000 | | |
| Balance at December 31, 2021 | | Balance at December 31, 2021 | 282,985 | | | $ | 2,860 | | | $ | (33,545) | | | $ | 1,172,593 | | | $ | (472,246) | | | $ | (83,566) | | | $ | 586,096 | |
Share-based compensation plans | Share-based compensation plans | (789) | | | — | | | 1 | | | 4,625 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 4,626 | | Share-based compensation plans | (55) | | | — | | | 9 | | | 4,504 | | | — | | | — | | | 4,513 | |
Comprehensive income (loss): | Comprehensive income (loss): | | Comprehensive income (loss): | |
Pension and post-retirement plan adjustments, net of tax | Pension and post-retirement plan adjustments, net of tax | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1,065 | | | — | | | 1,065 | | Pension and post-retirement plan adjustments, net of tax | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (274) | | | (274) | |
Foreign currency translation | Foreign currency translation | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (69,460) | | | — | | | (69,460) | | Foreign currency translation | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 14,975 | | | 14,975 | |
Interest rate derivatives, net of tax | Interest rate derivatives, net of tax | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 9,408 | | | — | | | 9,408 | | Interest rate derivatives, net of tax | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 6,179 | | | 6,179 | |
Net income | Net income | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 25,090 | | | — | | | — | | | 25,090 | Net income | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 30,641 | | | — | | | 30,641 |
Balance at September 30, 2022 | 282,113 | | | $ | 2,860 | | | $ | (32,653) | | | $ | 1,186,620 | | | $ | (386,097) | | | $ | (164,001) | | | $ | — | | | $ | 606,729 | | |
Balance at March 31, 2022 | | Balance at March 31, 2022 | 282,930 | | | $ | 2,860 | | | $ | (33,536) | | | $ | 1,177,097 | | | $ | (441,605) | | | $ | (62,686) | | | $ | 642,130 | |
| | | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 | | Shares | | Amount | | Amount | | Additional Paid-In Capital | | Retained Earnings / (Accumulated Deficit) | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income | | Total Equity |
| | Common Stock | |
| | Additional Paid-In Capital | | Retained Earnings / (Accumulated Deficit) | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income | | Noncontrolling Interests | | Total Equity | | Common Stock | | Common Stock | | Treasury Stock | |
| Shares | | Amount | | Treasury Stock | | |
Balance at December 31, 2021 | 282,985 | | | $ | 2,860 | | | $ | (33,545) | | | $ | 1,172,593 | | | $ | (472,246) | | | $ | (83,566) | | | $ | — | | | $ | 586,096 | | |
Balance at December 31, 2022 | | Balance at December 31, 2022 | 282,421 | | | $ | 2,860 | | | $ | (29,775) | | | $ | 1,189,622 | | | $ | (705,816) | | | $ | (106,653) | | | $ | 350,238 | |
Share-based compensation plans | Share-based compensation plans | (872) | | | — | | | 892 | | | 14,027 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 14,919 | | Share-based compensation plans | 95 | | | — | | | 355 | | | 5,735 | | | — | | | — | | | 6,090 | |
Comprehensive income (loss): | Comprehensive income (loss): | | Comprehensive income (loss): | |
Pension and post-retirement plan adjustments, net of tax | Pension and post-retirement plan adjustments, net of tax | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1,323 | | | — | | | 1,323 | | Pension and post-retirement plan adjustments, net of tax | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (51) | | | (51) | |
Foreign currency translation | Foreign currency translation | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (100,523) | | | — | | | (100,523) | | Foreign currency translation | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 11,257 | | | 11,257 | |
Interest rate derivatives, net of tax | Interest rate derivatives, net of tax | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 18,765 | | | — | | | 18,765 | | Interest rate derivatives, net of tax | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (9,251) | | | (9,251) | |
Net income | Net income | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 86,149 | | | — | | | — | | | 86,149 | Net income | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 2,842 | | | — | | | 2,842 |
Balance at September 30, 2022 | 282,113 | | | $ | 2,860 | | | $ | (32,653) | | | $ | 1,186,620 | | | $ | (386,097) | | | $ | (164,001) | | | $ | — | | | $ | 606,729 | | |
Balance at March 31, 2023 | | Balance at March 31, 2023 | 282,516 | | | $ | 2,860 | | | $ | (29,420) | | | $ | 1,195,357 | | | $ | (702,974) | | | $ | (104,698) | | | $ | 361,125 | |
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
Sotera Health Company
Consolidated Statements of Equity (continued)
(in thousands)
(Unaudited)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 |
| Common Stock | | | | Additional Paid-In Capital | | Retained Earnings / (Accumulated Deficit) | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income | | Noncontrolling Interests | | Total Equity |
| Shares | | Amount | | | | | | | |
Balance at June 30, 2021 | 282,917 | | | $ | 2,860 | | | | | $ | 1,167,566 | | | $ | (535,687) | | | $ | (77,468) | | | $ | — | | | $ | 523,271 | |
Share-based compensation plans | — | | | — | | | | | 3,538 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 3,538 | |
Comprehensive income (loss): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pension and post-retirement plan adjustments, net of tax | — | | | — | | | | | — | | | — | | | 1,383 | | | — | | | 1,383 | |
Foreign currency translation | — | | | — | | | | | — | | | — | | | (29,867) | | | — | | | (29,867) | |
Interest rate derivatives, net of tax | — | | | — | | | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Net income | — | | | — | | | | | — | | | 27,444 | | | — | | | — | | | 27,444 | |
Balance at September 30, 2021 | 282,917 | | | $ | 2,860 | | | | | $ | 1,171,104 | | | $ | (508,243) | | | $ | (105,952) | | | $ | — | | | $ | 525,769 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 |
| Common Stock | | | | Additional Paid-In Capital | | Retained Earnings / (Accumulated Deficit) | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income | | Noncontrolling Interests | | Total Equity |
| Shares | | Amount | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2020 | 283,248 | | | $ | 2,860 | | | | | $ | 1,166,412 | | | $ | (589,128) | | | $ | (93,842) | | | $ | 2,272 | | | $ | 454,574 | |
Acquisition of noncontrolling interests | — | | | — | | | | | (5,772) | | | — | | | — | | | (2,806) | | | (8,578) | |
Issuance of shares | 47 | | | — | | | | | 1,080 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1,080 | |
Share-based compensation plans | (378) | | | — | | | | | 9,384 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 9,384 | |
Comprehensive income (loss): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pension and post-retirement plan adjustments, net of tax | — | | | — | | | | | — | | | — | | | 713 | | | — | | | 713 | |
Foreign currency translation | — | | | — | | | | | — | | | — | | | (12,823) | | | 295 | | | (12,528) | |
Interest rate derivatives, net of tax | — | | | — | | | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Net income | — | | | — | | | | | — | | | 80,885 | | | — | | | 239 | | | 81,124 |
Balance at September 30, 2021 | 282,917 | | | $ | 2,860 | | | | | $ | 1,171,104 | | | $ | (508,243) | | | $ | (105,952) | | | $ | — | | | $ | 525,769 | |
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
1.Basis of Presentation
Principles of Consolidation – Sotera Health Company (also referred to herein as the “Company,” “we,” “our,” “us” or “its”), is a leading global provider of mission-critical end-to-end sterilization solutions,and lab testing and advisory services forto the healthcare industrymedical device and pharmaceutical industries with operations primarily in the Americas, Europe and Asia.
We operate and report in three segments, Sterigenics, Nordion and Nelson Labs. We describe our reportable segments in Note 18,17, “Segment Information”. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Noncontrolling interests represent the noncontrolling stockholders’ proportionate share of the total equity in the Company’s consolidated subsidiaries. In the second quarter of 2021, we purchased the outstanding noncontrolling interests of 15% and 33% of our two China subsidiaries. Refer to Note 4, “Acquisitions”for additional details. Prior to our acquisition of the noncontrolling interests in our two subsidiaries in China, we consolidated the results of operations of these subsidiaries with our results of operations and reflected the noncontrolling interest on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) as “Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests.”
On March 11, 2021, we purchased the 15% noncontrolling interest that remained from the August 2018 acquisition of Nelson Laboratories Fairfield, Inc. (“Nelson Labs Fairfield”). As the purchase of this noncontrolling interest was mandatorily redeemable, no earnings were allocated to this noncontrolling interest. See Note 4, “Acquisitions”for additional details.
In July 2020, we acquired a 60% equity ownership interest in Auralux Enterprises, Ltd (“Auralux”) a joint venture to construct an E-beam facility in Alberta, Canada in connection with our acquisition of Iotron Industries Canada, Inc. (“Iotron”). We haveOur equity ownership interest in the joint venture was determined this to be an investment in a variable interest entity (“VIE”). The investment iswas not consolidated as the Company concluded that we areit was not the primary beneficiary of the VIE. This investment isThe Company accounted for the joint venture using the equity method. The investment is reflected within “Investment in unconsolidated affiliates” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
During the three monthsyear ended June 30,December 31, 2022, we identified certain events and circumstances that indicated a decline in value of our investment in this joint venture that was other-than-temporary. Consequently, asin the second quarter of June 30, 2022, we wrote down the investment in the joint venture to its fair value of $0, resulting in an impairment charge of approximately $9.6 million. In February 2023, we entered into a Share Purchase Agreement to transfer our equity ownership interest to the joint venture partner, thereby terminating our equity ownership interest.
Use of Estimates – In preparing our consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”), we make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and the accompanying notes. We regularly evaluate the estimates and assumptions used and revise them as new information becomes available. Actual results may vary from those estimates.
Interim Financial Statements – The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the assets, liabilities, operating results, and cash flows of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. These financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP for interim financial information and the instructions to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. These unaudited interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's annual consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.2022.
2.Recent Accounting Standards
Adoption of Accounting Standard Updates
Effective January 1, 2022,2023, we adoptedAccounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (“ASU 2016-13”): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, and the subsequently issued additional guidance that modified ASU 2016-13 which was originally issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in June 2016. The standard requires an entity to change its accounting approach in determining impairment of certain financial instruments, including trade receivables, from an “incurred loss” to a “current expected credit loss” model. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Effective January 1, 2022, we adopted ASU 2019-12 - Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes which was issued by the FASB in December 2019. The standard simplifies the accounting for income taxes and makes a number of changes meant to add or clarify guidance on accounting for income taxes. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
ASUs Issued But Not Yet Adopted
In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08 - Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers (“ASU 2021-08”). The amendments in ASU 2021-08 require that an acquiring entity recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contract with Customers (“ASC Topic 606”). At the acquisition date, an acquirer should account for the related revenue contracts in accordance with ASC Topic 606 as if it had originated the contracts. For public business entities, these amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently assessing the effect that ASU 2021-08 willThe adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations,statements and disclosures.
3.Revenue Recognition
The following table shows disaggregated net revenues from contracts with external customers by timing of revenue and by segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023 and 2021:2022:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 |
| Sterigenics | | Nordion | | Nelson Labs | | Consolidated |
Point in time | $ | 157,723 | | | $ | 33,830 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 191,553 | |
Over time | — | | | 1,241 | | | 55,910 | | | 57,151 | |
Total | $ | 157,723 | | | $ | 35,071 | | | $ | 55,910 | | | $ | 248,704 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 |
| Sterigenics | | Nordion | | Nelson Labs | | Consolidated |
Point in time | $ | 145,314 | | | $ | 28,768 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 174,082 | |
Over time | — | | | — | | | 52,082 | | | 52,082 | |
Total | $ | 145,314 | | | $ | 28,768 | | | $ | 52,082 | | | $ | 226,164 | |
Sotera Health Company | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 |
| Sterigenics | | Nordion | | Nelson Labs | | Consolidated |
Point in time | $ | 464,977 | | | $ | 113,501 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 578,478 | |
Over time | — | | | 6,050 | | | 167,569 | | | 173,619 | |
Total | $ | 464,977 | | | $ | 119,551 | | | $ | 167,569 | | | $ | 752,097 | |
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 |
| | Sterigenics | | Nordion | | Nelson Labs | | Consolidated | | Sterigenics | | Nordion | | Nelson Labs | | Consolidated |
Point in time | Point in time | $ | 421,647 | | | $ | 102,439 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 524,086 | | Point in time | $ | 159,997 | | | $ | 7,588 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 167,585 | |
Over time | Over time | — | | | 1,372 | | | 164,771 | | | 166,143 | | Over time | — | | | 963 | | | 52,042 | | | 53,005 | |
Total | Total | $ | 421,647 | | | $ | 103,811 | | | $ | 164,771 | | | $ | 690,229 | | Total | $ | 159,997 | | | $ | 8,551 | | | $ | 52,042 | | | $ | 220,590 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 |
| Sterigenics | | Nordion | | Nelson Labs | | Consolidated |
Point in time | $ | 149,462 | | | $ | 33,285 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 182,747 | |
Over time | — | | | 717 | | | 53,290 | | | 54,007 | |
Total | $ | 149,462 | | | $ | 34,002 | | | $ | 53,290 | | | $ | 236,754 | |
Contract Balances
As of September 30, 2022,March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2021,2022, contract assets included in “Prepaidprepaid expenses and other current assets”assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets totaled approximately $22.4$18.7 million and $15.6$19.8 million, respectively, resulting from revenue recognized over time in excess of the amount billed to the customer.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
When we receive consideration from a customer prior to transferring goods or services under the terms of a sales contract, we record deferred revenue, which represents a contract liability. Deferred revenue totaled $5.3$15.2 million and $8.7$12.1 million at September 30, 2022March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2021,2022, respectively. We recognize deferred revenue after we have transferred control of the goods or services to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria are met.
4.Acquisitions
Acquisition of Regulatory Compliance Associates Inc.
On November 4, 2021, we acquired Regulatory Compliance Associates Inc. (“RCA”) for approximately $30.6 million, net of $0.6 million of cash acquired. RCA is an industry leader in providing life sciences consulting focused on quality, regulatory, and technical advisory services for the pharmaceutical, medical device and combination device industries. Headquartered in Pleasant Prairie, Wisconsin, RCA expands and further strengthens our technical consulting and expert advisory capabilities within our Nelson Labs segment.
The purchase price of RCA was allocated to the underlying assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon management's estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. As of September 30, 2022,March 31, 2023, approximately $25.3 million of goodwill was recorded related to the RCA acquisition, representing the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of all the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. We also recorded $6.4 million of finite-lived intangible assets, primarily related to customer relationships. We funded this acquisition using available cash. The acquisition price and the results of operations for this acquired entity are not material in relation to our consolidated financial statements.
Acquisition of Noncontrolling Interests in China Subsidiaries
On May 18, 2021, we acquired the remaining 15% and 33% noncontrolling interests associated with our two subsidiaries located in China. As a result, both entities are now 100% owned by the Company. The purchase price of the remaining equity interests was approximately $8.6 million, net of the cancellation of an $0.8 million demand note. We paid 90% of the cash consideration on the acquisition date. The remaining amounts were partially settled in post-closing payments in the third quarter of 2021; $0.2 million of the post-closing payment remains outstanding as of September 30, 2022 subject to the terms of the equity transfer agreements. As a result of the transactions, we continue to consolidate both of these subsidiaries, however, as of May 18, 2021, we no longer record noncontrolling interests in the consolidated financial statements as these subsidiaries are fully owned by the Company. The purchases were accounted for as equity transactions. As a result of these transactions, noncontrolling interests were reduced by $2.8 million reflecting the carrying value of the interest with $5.8 million of the difference charged to additional paid-in capital.
Acquisition of Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest - Nelson Labs Fairfield
On March 11, 2021, we completed the acquisition of the remaining 15% ownership of Nelson Labs Fairfield for $12.4 million, resulting in a gain of $1.2 million included in “Other expense (income), net” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) relative to the $13.6 million previously accrued. Pursuant to the terms of the acquisition, we initially acquired 85% of the equity interests of Nelson Labs Fairfield in August 2018 and were obligated to acquire the remaining 15% noncontrolling interest within three years from the date of the acquisition.
Acquisition of BioScience Laboratories, LLC
On March 8, 2021, we acquired BioScience Laboratories, LLC (“BioScience Labs”) for approximately $13.5 million, net of $0.2 million of cash acquired plus the contemporaneous repayment of BioScience Labs’ outstanding debt of $1.9 million. BioScience Labs is a provider of outsourced topical antimicrobial product testing in the pharmaceutical, medical device, and consumer products industries with one location in Bozeman, Montana. BioScience Labs is included within the Nelson Labs segment.
The purchase price of BioScience Labs was allocated to the underlying assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon management's estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. Approximately $8.4 million of goodwill was recorded related to the BioScience Labs acquisition, representing the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of all the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. We funded this acquisition using available cash. The acquisition price and the results of operations for this acquired entity are not material in relation to the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
5.Inventories
Inventories consisted primarily of the following:
| (thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | |
| | September 30, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 | | March 31, 2023 | | December 31, 2022 |
Raw materials and supplies | Raw materials and supplies | $ | 31,449 | | | $ | 41,514 | | Raw materials and supplies | $ | 39,616 | | | $ | 36,402 | |
Work-in-process | Work-in-process | 389 | | | 3,919 | | Work-in-process | 1,554 | | | 584 | |
Finished goods | Finished goods | 5,429 | | | 8,979 | | Finished goods | 5,682 | | | 276 | |
| | 37,267 | | | 54,412 | | | 46,852 | | | 37,262 | |
Reserve for excess and obsolete inventory | Reserve for excess and obsolete inventory | (114) | | | (124) | | Reserve for excess and obsolete inventory | (116) | | | (117) | |
Inventories, net | Inventories, net | $ | 37,153 | | | $ | 54,288 | | Inventories, net | $ | 46,736 | | | $ | 37,145 | |
6.Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted primarily of the following:
| (thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | |
| | September 30, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 | | March 31, 2023 | | December 31, 2022 |
Prepaid taxes | Prepaid taxes | $ | 29,735 | | | $ | 24,937 | | Prepaid taxes | $ | 26,426 | | | $ | 26,598 | |
Prepaid business insurance | Prepaid business insurance | 1,871 | | | 10,707 | | Prepaid business insurance | 8,184 | | | 9,964 | |
Prepaid rent | Prepaid rent | 1,111 | | | 920 | | Prepaid rent | 1,072 | | | 998 | |
Customer contract assets | Customer contract assets | 22,387 | | | 15,565 | | Customer contract assets | 18,736 | | | 19,777 | |
Insurance and indemnification receivables | Insurance and indemnification receivables | 4,361 | | | 3,144 | | Insurance and indemnification receivables | 3,529 | | | 3,724 | |
Current deposits | Current deposits | 760 | | | 623 | | Current deposits | 396 | | | 660 | |
Prepaid maintenance contracts | Prepaid maintenance contracts | 385 | | | 279 | | Prepaid maintenance contracts | 517 | | | 324 | |
Value added tax receivable | Value added tax receivable | 759 | | | 2,512 | | Value added tax receivable | 2,195 | | | 1,640 | |
Prepaid software licensing | Prepaid software licensing | 2,055 | | | 2,055 | | Prepaid software licensing | 1,854 | | | 1,832 | |
Stock supplies | Stock supplies | 3,597 | | | 3,374 | | Stock supplies | 3,639 | | | 3,656 | |
Embedded derivatives | 3,522 | | | 496 | | |
Embedded derivative assets | | Embedded derivative assets | 2,507 | | | 2,721 | |
Interest receivable - interest rate cap settlement | | Interest receivable - interest rate cap settlement | 6,375 | | | — | |
Other | Other | 11,130 | | | 7,311 | | Other | 11,873 | | | 9,101 | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | Prepaid expenses and other current assets | $ | 81,673 | | | $ | 71,923 | | Prepaid expenses and other current assets | $ | 87,303 | | | $ | 80,995 | |
7.Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Changes to goodwill during the ninethree months ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023 were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | Sterigenics | | Nordion | | Nelson Labs | | | | Total |
Goodwill at December 31, 2021 | $ | 660,743 | | | $ | 288,905 | | | $ | 170,672 | | | | | $ | 1,120,320 | |
RCA acquisition measurement period adjustments | — | | | — | | | 4,645 | | | | | 4,645 | |
Changes due to foreign currency exchange rates | (5,982) | | | (21,748) | | | (4,766) | | | | | (32,496) | |
Goodwill at September 30, 2022 | $ | 654,761 | | | $ | 267,157 | | | $ | 170,551 | | | | | $ | 1,092,469 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | Sterigenics | | Nordion | | Nelson Labs | | | | Total |
Goodwill at December 31, 2022 | $ | 657,458 | | | $ | 270,966 | | | $ | 173,344 | | | | | $ | 1,101,768 | |
Changes due to foreign currency exchange rates | 823 | | | 291 | | | 538 | | | | | 1,652 | |
Goodwill at March 31, 2023 | $ | 658,281 | | | $ | 271,257 | | | $ | 173,882 | | | | | $ | 1,103,420 | |
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Other intangible assets consisted of the following:
| (thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | Gross Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | Gross Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization |
As of September 30, 2022 | | |
As of March 31, 2023 | | As of March 31, 2023 | Gross Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization |
Finite-lived intangible assets | Finite-lived intangible assets | | | | Finite-lived intangible assets | |
Customer relationships | Customer relationships | $ | 644,236 | | | $ | 402,253 | | Customer relationships | $ | 654,918 | | | $ | 438,612 | |
Proprietary technology | Proprietary technology | 84,392 | | | 48,446 | | Proprietary technology | 86,406 | | | 53,365 | |
Trade names | Trade names | 2,550 | | | 574 | | Trade names | 2,559 | | | 832 | |
Land-use rights | Land-use rights | 8,715 | | | 1,579 | | Land-use rights | 9,025 | | | 1,746 | |
Sealed source and supply agreements | Sealed source and supply agreements | 201,496 | | | 88,712 | | Sealed source and supply agreements | 204,612 | | | 96,187 | |
Other | Other | 4,439 | | | 1,746 | | Other | 4,471 | | | 2,202 | |
Total finite-lived intangible assets | Total finite-lived intangible assets | 945,828 | | | 543,310 | | Total finite-lived intangible assets | 961,991 | | | 592,944 | |
| Indefinite-lived intangible assets | Indefinite-lived intangible assets | | Indefinite-lived intangible assets | |
Regulatory licenses and other(a) | Regulatory licenses and other(a) | 75,888 | | | — | | Regulatory licenses and other(a) | 77,061 | | | — | |
Trade names / trademarks | Trade names / trademarks | 25,349 | | | — | | Trade names / trademarks | 25,752 | | | — | |
Total indefinite-lived intangible assets | Total indefinite-lived intangible assets | 101,237 | | | — | | Total indefinite-lived intangible assets | 102,813 | | | — | |
Total | Total | $ | 1,047,065 | | | $ | 543,310 | | Total | $ | 1,064,804 | | | $ | 592,944 | |
| As of December 31, 2021 | Gross Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization | |
As of December 31, 2022 | | As of December 31, 2022 | Gross Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization |
Finite-lived intangible assets | Finite-lived intangible assets | | | | Finite-lived intangible assets | | | |
Customer relationships | Customer relationships | $ | 668,628 | | | $ | 365,935 | | Customer relationships | $ | 652,811 | | | $ | 422,277 | |
Proprietary technology | Proprietary technology | 88,826 | | | 44,866 | | Proprietary technology | 86,054 | | | 50,952 | |
Trade names | Trade names | 145 | | | 116 | | Trade names | 2,553 | | | 701 | |
Land-use rights | Land-use rights | 9,744 | | | 1,586 | | Land-use rights | 8,986 | | | 1,683 | |
Sealed source and supply agreements | Sealed source and supply agreements | 241,611 | | | 109,838 | | Sealed source and supply agreements | 204,391 | | | 93,034 | |
Other | Other | 6,454 | | | 2,166 | | Other | 4,469 | | | 1,979 | |
Total finite-lived intangible assets | Total finite-lived intangible assets | 1,015,408 | | | 524,507 | | Total finite-lived intangible assets | 959,264 | | | 570,626 | |
| Indefinite-lived intangible assets | Indefinite-lived intangible assets | | Indefinite-lived intangible assets | |
Regulatory licenses and other(a) | Regulatory licenses and other(a) | 82,110 | | | — | | Regulatory licenses and other(a) | 76,978 | | | — | |
Trade names / trademarks | Trade names / trademarks | 25,833 | | | — | | Trade names / trademarks | 25,649 | | | — | |
Total indefinite-lived intangible assets | Total indefinite-lived intangible assets | 107,943 | | | — | | Total indefinite-lived intangible assets | 102,627 | | | — | |
Total | Total | $ | 1,123,351 | | | $ | 524,507 | | Total | $ | 1,061,891 | | | $ | 570,626 | |
(a)Includes certain transportation certifications, a class 1B nuclear license and other intangibles related to obtaining such licensure. These assets are considered indefinite-lived as the decision for renewal by the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission is highly based on a licensee’s previous assessments, reported incidents, and annual compliance and inspection results. New applications for license can take a significant amount of time and cost; whereas an existing licensee with a historical record of compliance and current operating conditions more than likely ensures renewal for another 10 year10-year license period, as Nordion has demonstrated over its 75 years of history.
Amounts include the impact of foreign currency translation. Fully amortized amounts are written off.
Amortization expense for other intangible assets was $20.2 million ($4.5 million is included in “Cost of revenues” and $15.7 million in “Selling, general and administrative expenses”) and $61.6 million ($14.3 million is included in “Cost of revenues” and $47.3 million in “Selling, general and administrative expenses”) in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Amortization expense for other intangible assets was $21.2$20.6 million ($5.34.4 million is included in “Cost of revenues” and $16.2 million in “Amortization of intangible assets”) in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income and $20.2 million ($4.3 million is included in “Cost of revenues” and $15.9 million in “Selling, general and administrative expenses”) and $65.3 million ($17.2 million is included in “Cost“Amortization of revenues” and $48.1 million in “Selling, general and administrative expenses”intangible assets”) in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021,March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
The estimated aggregate amortization expense for finite-lived intangible assets for each of the next five years and thereafter is as follows:
| (thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | |
For the remainder of 2022 | $ | 19,779 | | |
2023 | 79,485 | | |
For the remainder of 2023 | | For the remainder of 2023 | $ | 60,084 | |
2024 | 2024 | 78,709 | | 2024 | 79,986 | |
2025 | 2025 | 41,907 | | 2025 | 42,584 | |
2026 | 2026 | 21,872 | | 2026 | 22,227 | |
2027 | | 2027 | 21,150 | |
Thereafter | Thereafter | 160,766 | | Thereafter | 143,016 | |
Total | Total | $ | 402,518 | | Total | $ | 369,047 | |
The weighted-average remaining useful life of the finite-lived intangible assets was approximately 8.59 years as of September 30, 2022.March 31, 2023.
8.Accrued Liabilities
Accrued liabilities consisted of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | |
| September 30, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
Accrued employee compensation | $ | 28,589 | | | $ | 33,334 | |
Legal reserves | 3,267 | | | 3,259 | |
Accrued interest expense | 993 | | | 10,755 | |
Embedded derivatives | 4,745 | | | — | |
Professional fees | 8,196 | | | 4,314 | |
Accrued utilities | 1,885 | | | 1,797 | |
Insurance accrual | 2,220 | | | 2,068 | |
Accrued taxes | 3,196 | | | 2,209 | |
Other | 3,671 | | | 4,125 | |
Accrued liabilities | $ | 56,762 | | | $ | 61,861 | |
9.Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt consisted of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | |
| September 30, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
Term loan, due 2026 | $ | 1,763,100 | | | $ | 1,763,100 | |
Other long-term debt | 450 | | | 450 | |
Total long-term debt | 1,763,550 | | | 1,763,550 | |
Less current portion | — | | | — | |
Less unamortized debt issuance costs and debt discounts | (16,995) | | | (20,016) | |
Total long-term debt, less debt issuance costs and debt discounts | $ | 1,746,555 | | | $ | 1,743,534 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | |
| March 31, 2023 | | December 31, 2022 |
Accrued employee compensation | $ | 26,250 | | | $ | 32,936 | |
Illinois EO litigation settlement reserve | 408,000 | | | 408,000 | |
Other legal reserves | 3,651 | | | 3,776 | |
Accrued interest expense | 27,714 | | | 23,291 | |
Embedded derivatives | 3,524 | | | 3,508 | |
Professional fees | 16,222 | | | 6,436 | |
Accrued utilities | 1,913 | | | 1,906 | |
Insurance accrual | 2,320 | | | 2,392 | |
Accrued taxes | 2,654 | | | 2,567 | |
Other | 4,543 | | | 5,318 | |
Accrued liabilities | $ | 496,791 | | | $ | 490,130 | |
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
9.Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt consisted of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | | | |
As of March 31, 2023 | Gross Amount | | Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs | | Unamortized Debt Discount | | Net Amount |
Term loan, due 2026 | $ | 1,763,100 | | | $ | (2,007) | | | $ | (12,872) | | | $ | 1,748,221 | |
Term loan B, due 2026 | 500,000 | | | (7,700) | | | (14,605) | | | 477,695 | |
| | | | | | | |
Other long-term debt | 450 | | | (2) | | | — | | | 448 | |
| 2,263,550 | | | (9,709) | | | (27,477) | | | 2,226,364 | |
Less current portion | 4,200 | | | (60) | | | (109) | | | 4,031 | |
Long-term debt | $ | 2,259,350 | | | $ | (9,649) | | | $ | (27,368) | | | $ | 2,222,333 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | | | |
As of December 31, 2022 | Gross Amount | | Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs | | Unamortized Debt Discount | | Net Amount |
Term loan, due 2026 | 1,763,100 | | | (2,140) | | | (13,845) | | | 1,747,115 | |
Revolving credit facility | 200,000 | | | (3,328) | | | — | | | 196,672 | |
Other long-term debt | 450 | | | (3) | | | — | | | 447 | |
| 1,963,550 | | | (5,471) | | | (13,845) | | | 1,944,234 | |
Less current portion | 200,450 | | | (3,331) | | | — | | | 197,119 | |
Long-term debt | $ | 1,763,100 | | | $ | (2,140) | | | $ | (13,845) | | | $ | 1,747,115 | |
Debt Facilities
Senior Secured Credit Facilities
On December 13, 2019, Sotera Health Holdings, LLC (“SHH”), our wholly ownedwholly-owned subsidiary, entered into senior secured first lien credit facilities (the “Senior Secured Credit Facilities”), consisting of both a prepayable senior secured first lien term loan (the “Term Loan”) and a senior secured first lien revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) pursuant to a first lien credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”). The Term Loan matures on December 13, 2026. After giving effect to the Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan mature on June 13, 2026, and December 13, 2026, respectively. TheAmendment (defined below), the total borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility is $347.5$423.8 million. The Senior Secured Credit Facilities also provide SHH the right at any time and under certain conditions to request incremental term loans or incremental revolving credit commitments based on a formula defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. As of September 30, 2022March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2021,2022, total borrowings under the Term Loan were $1,763.1 million and there were no borrowings outstanding on the Revolving Credit Facility.million. The weighted average interest rate on borrowings under the Term Loan for the three months ended September 30,March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021 was 4.96%7.44% and 3.25%, respectively, and 3.92% and 3.51%respectively.
On February 23, 2023, we entered into the First Lien Credit Agreement (the “2023 Credit Agreement”), which provides for, the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and September 30, 2021, respectively.
On January 20, 2021, we closed on an amendment repricing ouramong other things, a new Term Loan. The interest rate spread over the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) on theLoan B facility was reduced from 450 basis points to 275 basis points, and the facility’s LIBOR floor was reduced from 100 basis points to 50 basis points. The changes resulted(the "2023 Term Loan") in an effective reduction in currentaggregate principal amount of $500.0 million and bears interest, rates of 225 basis points. In connection with this amendment, we wrote off $11.3 million of unamortized debt issuance and discount costs and incurred an additional $2.9 million of expense relatedat the Company’s option, at a variable rate per annum equal to debt issuance costs attributable toeither (x) the refinancing. These costs were recorded to “Loss on extinguishment of debt” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).
On March 26, 2021, we amended the Revolving Credit Facility, to (i) decrease the ApplicableTerm Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“Term SOFR”) (as defined in the 2023 Credit Agreement) related to any Revolving Loans (as defined in the Credit Agreement) from a rate per annum that ranged fromplus an applicable margin of 3.75% or (y) an alternative base rate (“ABR”) plus 2.50% to ABR plus 3.00% dependingan applicable margin of 2.75%. The 2023 Credit Agreement is secured on SHH’s Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio to ABR plus 1.75%;a first priority basis on substantially all of our assets and inis guaranteed by certain of our subsidiaries. It is prepayable without premium or penalty at any time six months after the case of Eurodollar Loans (as defined in the Credit Agreement) from a rate per annum which ranged from the Adjusted LIBOR plus 3.50% to the Adjusted LIBOR plus 4.00% depending on SHH’s Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement), to the Adjusted LIBOR (as defined in the Credit Agreement) plus 2.75%, and (ii) extend the maturity dateclosing date. The principal balance shall be paid at 1% of the Revolving Facility from December 13, 2024 to June 13,aggregate principal amount ($5.0 million) per year, with the balance due at the end of 2026. The other material termsCompany used the proceeds of this debt to fund a previously announced $408.0 million EO litigation settlement in Cook County, Illinois and pay down the Credit Agreement are unchanged and the amendment does not change the capacity$200.0 million of our Revolving Credit Facility. No unamortized debt issuance costs associated withexisting borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility were written off and direct fees and costs incurred in connectionconcurrent with the amendment were immaterial.
Asfunding of September 30, 2022this loan on February 23, 2023. In addition, the Company plans to use the remaining proceeds to further enhance liquidity and Decemberfor general corporate purposes. The weighted average interest rate on borrowings under the 2023 Term Loan for the three months ended March 31, 2021, capitalized debt issuance costs totaled $2.3 million and $2.7 million, respectively, and debt discounts totaled $14.7 million and $17.3 million, respectively, related to the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. Such costs are recorded as a reduction of debt on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortized as a component of interest expense over the term of the debt agreement.2023 was 8.82%.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
On March 21, 2023, the Company entered into an Incremental Facility Amendment to the Credit Agreement (“Revolving Credit Facility Amendment”), which provides for an increase in the commitments under the existing Revolving Credit Facility in an aggregate principal amount of $76.3 million. In addition, certain of the lenders providing revolving credit commitments provided additional commitments for the issuance of the letters of credit under the Revolving Credit Facility in an aggregate principal amount of $165.1 million. The Revolving Credit Facility Amendment also provides for the replacement of the reference interest rate option for Revolving Loans from London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) to SOFR plus an applicable credit spread adjustment of 0.10% (subject to a minimum floor of 0.00%). After giving effect to the Revolving Credit Facility Amendment, the aggregate amount of the Lenders' Revolving Commitments is $423.8 million. The maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility remains June 13, 2026. The Company borrowed $200.0 million under the Revolving Credit Facility during the fourth quarter of 2022, which was repaid in the first quarter of 2023, as noted above. As of March 31, 2023 there were no borrowings outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility. The weighted average interest rate on outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was 7.47%.
The Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement contain additional covenants that, among other things, restrict, subject to certain exceptions, our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to engage in certain activities, such as incur indebtedness or permit to exist any lien on any property or asset now owned or hereafter acquired, as specified in the Senior Secured Credit Facilities.Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement. The Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement also contain certain customary affirmative covenants and events of default, including upon a change of control. An event of default under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement would occur if the Company or certain of its subsidiaries received one or more enforceable judgments for payment in an aggregate amount in excess of $100.0 million, which judgment or judgments are not stayed or remain undischarged for a period of sixty consecutive days or if, in order to enforce such a judgment, a judgment creditor attached or levied upon assets that are material to the business and operations, taken as a whole, of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries. As described in Note 16, “Commitments and Contingencies”, on September 20, 2022, our subsidiaries Sterigenics U.S., LLC and Sotera Health LLC received a $358.7 million judgment (including prejudgment interest) in the first trial related to EO tort litigation in Illinois. Post-judgment interest accrues on the compensatory and punitive damages awards from September 20, 2022, the date the court entered the judgment order. As noted in Note 16, we intend to vigorously challenge the judgment through all appropriate post-trial motions and appeals processes. The payment of any judgment in this matter is expected to be stayed pending resolution of the post-trial and appeals process. Accordingly, no event of default has been triggered as a result of this judgment. As of September 30, 2022,March 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all of the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement covenants.
All of SHH’s obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement are unconditionally guaranteed by the Company and each existing and subsequently acquired or organized direct or indirect wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiary of the Company, with customary exceptions including, among other things, where providing such guarantees is not permitted by law, regulation or contract or would result in material adverse tax consequences. All obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement, and the guarantees of such obligations, are secured by substantially all assets of the borrower and guarantors, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions and exclusions, as outlined in the Senior Secured Credit Facilities.Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement.
Outstanding letters of credit are collateralized by encumbrances against the Revolving Credit Facility and the collateral pledged thereunder, or by cash placed on deposit with the issuing bank. As of September 30, 2022,March 31, 2023, the Company had $67.6$65.1 million of letters of credit issued against the Revolving Credit Facility, resulting in total availability under the Revolving Credit Facility of $279.9$358.7 million.
Term Loan Interest Rate Risk Management
The Company utilizes interest rate derivatives to reduceeliminate the variability of cash flows in the interest payments associated with the Term Loanour variable rate debt due to changes in LIBOR (or its successor).and Term SOFR. For additional information on the derivative instruments described above, refer to Note 17,16, “Financial Instruments and Financial Risk”, “Derivatives Instruments.”
First Lien Notes
On July 31, 2020, SHH issued $100.0 million aggregate principal amountPublication of senior secured first lien notes due 2026 (the “First Lien Notes”),all U.S. LIBOR tenors will cease after June 30, 2023. The most likely replacement benchmark is expected to be the SOFR, which were scheduled to mature on December 13, 2026. On August 27, 2021 SHH redeemedhas been recommended by financial regulators in full the $100.0 million aggregate principal amount ofUnited States. We have identified our LIBOR-based exposure in our debt and outstanding interest rate derivative agreements and have addressed the First Lien Notes.LIBOR transition for those contracts. In connection with this redemption, the Company paid a $3.0 million early redemption premium, in accordance with ASC 848 Reference Rate Reform, we have elected to apply certain optional expedients for contract modifications and hedging relationships for derivative instruments impacted by the terms of the First Lien Notes Indenture, and wrote off $3.4 million of debt issuance and discount costs. The Company recognized these expenses within “Loss on extinguishment of debt” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021.
Prior to the redemption, the First Lien Notes bore interest at a rate equal to LIBOR subject to a 1.00% floor plus 6.00% per annum. Interest was payable on a quarterly basis with no principal due until maturity. The weighted averagebenchmark interest rate ontransition. The optional expedients remove the First Lien Notes during 2021 uprequirement to the August 27, 2021 redemption date was 7.00%.remeasure contract modifications or dedesignate hedging relationships impacted by reference rate reform.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Aggregate Maturities
Aggregate maturities of the Company’s long-term debt, excluding debt discounts, as of September 30, 2022,March 31, 2023, are as follows:
| (thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | |
2022 | $ | — | | |
2023 | 2023 | 450 | | 2023 | $ | 2,950 | |
2024 | 2024 | — | | 2024 | 5,000 | |
2025 | 2025 | — | | 2025 | 5,000 | |
2026 | 2026 | 1,763,100 | | 2026 | 2,250,600 | |
2027 | | 2027 | — | |
Thereafter | Thereafter | — | | Thereafter | — | |
Total | Total | $ | 1,763,550 | | Total | $ | 2,263,550 | |
10.Income Taxes
Income tax expense is provided on an interim basis based upon our estimate of the annual effective income tax rate. In determining the estimated annual effective income tax rate, we analyze various factors, including projections of our annual earnings and the taxing jurisdictions where the earnings will occur, the impact of state and local taxes, our ability to utilize tax credits and net operating loss carryforwards and available tax planning alternatives.
Our effective tax rates were 40.3rate was 47.4 % and 36.4%32.3% for the three and nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, compared to 33.2% and 30.7% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively.
Income tax expense for the three months ended September 30,March 31, 2023 differed from the statutory rate primarily due to a net increase in the valuation allowance attributable to the limitation on the deductibility of interest expense, the impact of the foreign rate differential, and non-deductible compensation. Income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2022 differed from the statutory rate primarily due to a net increase in the valuation allowance attributable to the limitation on the deductibility of interest expense, the impact of the foreign rate differential, and global intangible low-tax income (“GILTI”). The increase in the valuation allowance was attributable to the limitation on the deductibility of interest expense and the impairment of an investment in a joint venture. Income tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2021 differed from the statutory rate primarily due to the impact of the foreign rate differential, GILTI and a net increase in the interest expense valuation allowance.
Income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 differed from the statutory rate primarily due to a net increase in the valuation allowance, the impact of the foreign rate differential, and GILTI. Income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 differed from the statutory rate primarily due to the impact of the foreign rate differential, GILTI, a net increase in the interest expense valuation allowance, and a discrete item pertaining to an income tax rate change in the United Kingdom. This was partially offset by an additional discrete item in the first quarter of 2021, which reversed the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets related to certain asset retirement obligations.
11.Employee Benefits
The Company sponsors various post-employment benefit plans including, in certain countries outside the U.S., defined benefit and defined contribution pension plans, retirement compensation arrangements, and plans that provide extended health care coverage to retired employees, the majority of which relate to Nordion.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Defined benefit pension plansplan
The following defined benefit pension plan disclosure relates to Nordion. Certain immaterial foreign defined benefit pension plans have been excluded from the table below. The interest cost, expected return on plan assets, and amortization of net actuarial loss are recorded net in “Other income, net” and the service cost component is included in the same financial statement line item as the applicable employee’s wages in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).Income. The components of net periodic pension cost for the defined benefit plans for the three and nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2023 and 2022 and 2021 were as follows:
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
Three Months Ended March 31, | | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2021 | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2023 | | 2022 |
Service cost | Service cost | $ | 242 | | | $ | 300 | | | $ | 738 | | | $ | 905 | | Service cost | $ | 131 | | | $ | 249 | |
Interest cost | Interest cost | 1,848 | | | 1,622 | | | 5,640 | | | 4,897 | | Interest cost | 2,724 | | | 1,903 | |
Expected return on plan assets | Expected return on plan assets | (3,595) | | | (3,577) | | | (10,975) | | | (10,799) | | Expected return on plan assets | (4,019) | | | (3,704) | |
Amortization of net actuarial loss | — | | | 269 | | | — | | | 811 | | |
| Net periodic benefit | Net periodic benefit | $ | (1,505) | | | $ | (1,386) | | | $ | (4,597) | | | $ | (4,186) | | Net periodic benefit | $ | (1,164) | | | $ | (1,552) | |
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Other benefit plans
Other benefit plans disclosed below relate to Nordion and include a supplemental retirement arrangement, a retirement and termination allowance, and post-retirement benefit plans, which include contributory health and dental care benefits and contributory life insurance coverage. Certain immaterial other foreign benefit plans have been excluded from the table below. All but one, non-pension post-employment benefit plans are unfunded. The components of net periodic pensionbenefit cost for the other benefit plans for the three and nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2023 and 2022 and 2021 were as follows:
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
Three Months Ended March 31, | | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2021 | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2023 | | 2022 |
Service cost | Service cost | $ | 4 | | | $ | 7 | | | $ | 12 | | | $ | 21 | | Service cost | $ | 2 | | | $ | 4 | |
Interest cost | Interest cost | 63 | | | 59 | | | 193 | | | 179 | | Interest cost | 90 | | | 65 | |
Amortization of net actuarial loss (gain) | (2) | | | 9 | | | (6) | | | 26 | | |
Amortization of net actuarial gain | | Amortization of net actuarial gain | (44) | | | (2) | |
Net periodic benefit cost | Net periodic benefit cost | $ | 65 | | | $ | 75 | | | $ | 199 | | | $ | 226 | | Net periodic benefit cost | $ | 48 | | | $ | 67 | |
We currently expect funding requirements of approximately $3.1$0.3 million in each of the next five years to fund the regulatory solvency deficit, as defined by Canadian federal regulation, which requirerequires solvency testing on defined benefit pension plans.
The Company may obtain a qualifying letter of credit for solvency payments, up to 15% of the market value of solvency liabilities as determined on the valuation date, instead of paying cash into the pension fund. As of September 30, 2022,March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2021,2022, we had letters of credit outstanding relating to the defined benefit plans totaling $45.2$43.5 million and $46.2$44.1 million, respectively. The actual funding requirements over the five-year period will be dependent on subsequent annual actuarial valuations. These amounts are estimates, which may change with actual investment performance, changes in interest rates, any pertinent changes in Canadian government regulations and any voluntary contributions.
12.Related Parties
We do business with a number of companies affiliated with Warburg Pincus and GTCR, which we refer to collectively as the “Sponsors.” All transactions with these companies have been conducted in the ordinary course of our business and are not material to our operations.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
13.Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are presented net of the related tax. Foreign currency translation is not adjusted for income taxes.
Changes in our accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) balances, net of applicable tax, were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | Defined Benefit Plans | | Foreign Currency Translation | | Interest Rate Derivatives | | Total |
Beginning balance – July 1, 2022 | $ | (17,323) | | | $ | (97,452) | | | $ | 9,761 | | | $ | (105,014) | |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | 1,067 | | | (69,460) | | | 9,408 | | | (58,985) | |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | (2) | | (a) | — | | | — | | | (2) | |
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss) | 1,065 | | | (69,460) | | | 9,408 | | | (58,987) | |
Ending balance – September 30, 2022 | $ | (16,258) | | | $ | (166,912) | | | $ | 19,169 | | | $ | (164,001) | |
| | | | | | | |
Beginning balance – January 1, 2022 | $ | (17,581) | | | $ | (66,389) | | | $ | 404 | | | $ | (83,566) | |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | 1,329 | | | (100,523) | | | 18,765 | | | (80,429) | |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | (6) | | (a) | — | | | — | | | (6) | |
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss) | 1,323 | | | (100,523) | | | 18,765 | | | (80,435) | |
Ending balance – September 30, 2022 | $ | (16,258) | | | $ | (166,912) | | | $ | 19,169 | | | $ | (164,001) | |
| (thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | Defined Benefit Plans | | Foreign Currency Translation | | Interest Rate Derivatives | | Total | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | Defined Benefit Plans | | Foreign Currency Translation | | Interest Rate Derivatives | | Total |
Beginning balance – July 1, 2021 | $ | (44,813) | | | $ | (32,655) | | | $ | — | | | $ | (77,468) | | |
Beginning balance – January 1, 2023 | | Beginning balance – January 1, 2023 | $ | 3,209 | | | $ | (131,205) | | | $ | 21,343 | | | $ | (106,653) | |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | 1,105 | | | (29,867) | | | — | | | (28,762) | | Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | (7) | | | 11,257 | | | (2,493) | | | 8,757 | |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | 278 | | (a) | — | | | — | | | 278 | | Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | (44) | | (a) | — | | | (6,758) | | (b) | (6,802) | |
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss) | Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss) | 1,383 | | | (29,867) | | | — | | | (28,484) | | Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss) | (51) | | | 11,257 | | | (9,251) | | | 1,955 | |
Ending balance – September 30, 2021 | $ | (43,430) | | | $ | (62,522) | | | $ | — | | | $ | (105,952) | | |
Ending balance – March 31, 2023 | | Ending balance – March 31, 2023 | $ | 3,158 | | | $ | (119,948) | | | $ | 12,092 | | | $ | (104,698) | |
| Beginning balance – January 1, 2021 | $ | (44,143) | | | $ | (49,699) | | | $ | — | | | $ | (93,842) | | |
Beginning balance – January 1, 2022 | | Beginning balance – January 1, 2022 | $ | (17,581) | | | $ | (66,389) | | | $ | 404 | | | $ | (83,566) | |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | (124) | | | (12,823) | | | — | | | (12,947) | | Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | (272) | | | 14,975 | | | 6,179 | | | 20,882 | |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | 837 | | (a) | — | | | — | | | 837 | | Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | (2) | | (a) | — | | | — | | | (2) | |
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss) | Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss) | 713 | | | (12,823) | | | — | | | (12,110) | | Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss) | (274) | | | 14,975 | | | 6,179 | | | 20,880 | |
Ending balance – September 30, 2021 | $ | (43,430) | | | $ | (62,522) | | | $ | — | | | $ | (105,952) | | |
Ending balance – March 31, 2022 | | Ending balance – March 31, 2022 | $ | (17,855) | | | $ | (51,414) | | | $ | 6,583 | | | $ | (62,686) | |
(a)For defined benefit pension plans, amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are recorded to “Other income, net” within the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).Income.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
14.(b)For interest rate derivatives, amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are recorded to “Interest expense, net” within the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income.
13.Share-Based Compensation
Pre-IPO Awards
Restricted stock distributed in respect of pre-IPO Class B-1 time vesting units vests on a daily basis pro rata over athe five-year vesting period (20% per year) beginning on the original vesting commencement date of the corresponding Class B-1 time vesting units, subject to the grantee’s continued services through each vesting date. Upon the occurrence of a change in control of the Company, all then outstandingthen-outstanding unvested shares of our common stock distributed in respect of Class B-1 Units will become vested as of the date of consummation of such change in control, subject to the grantee’s continued services through the consummation of the change in control.
Restricted stock distributed in respect of pre-IPO Class B-2 Units (which were considered performance vesting units) are scheduled to vest only upon satisfaction of certain thresholds. These units generally vest as of the first date on which (i) our Sponsors have received actual cash proceeds in an amount equal to or in excess of at least two and one-half times their invested capital in Sotera Health Topco Parent, L.P. (of which the Company was a direct wholly ownedwholly-owned subsidiary prior to the IPO) and (ii) the Sponsors’ internal rate of return exceeds twenty percent, subject to such grantee’s continued services through such date. In the event of a change in control of the Company, any outstanding shares of our common stock distributed in respect of Class B-2 Units that remain unvested immediately following the consummation of such a change in control of the Company shall be immediately canceled and forfeited without compensation. Stock basedStock-based compensation expense attributed to the pre-IPO Class B-2 awards was recorded in the fourth quarter of 2020, as the related performance conditions were considered probable of achievement and the implied service conditions were met. As of September 30, 2022,March 31, 2023, these awards remain unvested.
We recognized $0.5 million and $0.7$0.6 million of share-based compensation expense related to the pre-IPO Class B-1 awards for the three months ended September 30,March 31, 2023 and 2022, and 2021, and $1.6 million and $2.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
A summary of the activity for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023 related to the restricted stock awards distributed to Company service providers in respect of the pre-IPO awards (Class B-1 and B-2 Units) is presented below:
| | | Restricted Stock - Pre- IPO B-1 | | Restricted Stock - Pre- IPO B-2 | | Number of shares |
Unvested at December 31, 2021 | 1,206,089 | | | 2,023,959 | | |
| | | Restricted Stock Pre-IPO B-1 | | Restricted Stock - Pre-IPO B-2 |
Unvested at December 31, 2022 | | Unvested at December 31, 2022 | 716,091 | | | 1,098,415 | |
| Forfeited | Forfeited | (32,614) | | | (925,544) | | Forfeited | (5,378) | | | (19,127) | |
Vested | Vested | (345,926) | | | — | | Vested | (86,051) | | | — | |
Unvested at September 30, 2022 | 827,549 | | | 1,098,415 | | |
Unvested at March 31, 2023 | | Unvested at March 31, 2023 | 624,662 | | | 1,079,288 | |
20212020 Omnibus Incentive Plan
We maintain a long-term incentive plan (the “2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan” or the “2020 Plan”) that allows for grants of incentive stock options to employees (including employees of any of our subsidiaries), nonstatutory stock options, restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and other cash-based, equity-based or equity-related awards to employees, directors, and consultants, including employees or consultants of our subsidiaries.
We recognized $4.1recognized $6.8 million ($3.1 million for stock options and $3.7 million for RSUs) and $3.9 million ($1.5 million for stock options and $2.6 million for RSUs) and $2.9 million ($1.3 million for stock options and $1.6$2.4 million for RSUs) of share-based compensation expense for these awards for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We recognized $13.3 million ($5.2 million for stock options and $8.1 million for RSUs) and $8.5 million ($3.9 million for stock options and $4.6 million for RSUs) for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income, (Loss), in “Selling, general and administrative expenses.expenses,” for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Stock Options
Stock options generally vest ratably over a period of threetwo orto four years. They have an exercise price equal to the fair market value of a share of common stock on the date of grant, and a contractual term of 10 years. The following table summarizes our stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2022:activity:
| | | Number of Shares | | Weighted Average Exercise Price | | Number of Shares | | Weighted- average Exercise Price |
At December 31, 2021 | 2,423,256 | | | $ | 23.02 | | |
Outstanding stock options at December 31, 2022 | | Outstanding stock options at December 31, 2022 | 5,990,470 | | | $ | 14.84 | |
Granted | Granted | 1,445,887 | | | 19.96 | | Granted | 1,044,595 | | | 17.59 | |
Forfeited | Forfeited | (454,953) | | | 22.08 | | Forfeited | (20,325) | | | 21.57 | |
Exercised | Exercised | — | | | — | | Exercised | — | | | — | |
At September 30, 2022 | 3,414,190 | | | $ | 21.85 | | |
Outstanding stock options at March 31, 2023 | | Outstanding stock options at March 31, 2023 | 7,014,740 | | | $ | 15.23 | |
As of September 30, 2022,March 31, 2023, there were 0.51.4 million vested and exercisable stock options vested or exercisable.options.
RSUs
RSUs generally vest ratably over a period of one to four years and are valued based on our market price on the date of grant. The following table summarizes our unvested RSUs activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2022:activity:
| | | Number of Shares | | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | | Number of Shares | | Weighted- average Grant Date Fair Value |
Unvested at December 31, 2021 | 640,122 | | | $ | 23.19 | | |
Unvested at December 31, 2022 | | Unvested at December 31, 2022 | 2,482,435 | | | $ | 13.09 | |
Granted | Granted | 954,685 | | | 20.57 | | Granted | 664,433 | | | 17.59 | |
Forfeited | Forfeited | (145,656) | | | 21.90 | | Forfeited | (42,275) | | | 11.42 | |
Vested | Vested | (89,121) | | | 24.13 | | Vested | (189,941) | | | 20.11 | |
Unvested at September 30, 2022 | 1,360,030 | | | $ | 21.43 | | |
Unvested at March 31, 2023 | | Unvested at March 31, 2023 | 2,914,652 | | | $ | 13.69 | |
15.14.Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share represents the amount of income attributable to each common share outstanding. Diluted earnings per share represents the amount of income attributable to each common share outstanding adjusted for the effects of potentially dilutive common shares. Potentially dilutive common shares include stock options and other stock-based awards. In the periods where the effect would be antidilutive, potentially dilutive common shares are excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share.
In periods in which the Company has net income, earnings per share is calculated using the two-class method. This method is required as unvested restricted stock distributed in respect of pre-IPO Class B-1 and B-2 awards have the right to receive non-forfeitable dividends or dividend equivalents if the Company were to declare dividends on its common stock. Pursuant to the two-class method, earnings for each period are allocated on a pro-rata basis to common stockholders and unvested pre-IPO Class B-1 and B-2 restricted stock awards. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the more dilutive of (a) the two-class method, or (b) treasury stock method, as applicable, to the potentially dilutive instruments.
Our basic and diluted earnings per common share are calculated as follows:
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Our basic and diluted earnings per common share are calculated as follows: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended |
in thousands of U.S. dollars and share amounts (except per share amounts) | March 31, 2023 | | March 31, 2022 |
Earnings: | | | |
Net income | $ | 2,842 | | | $ | 30,641 | |
Less: Allocation to participating securities | 18 | | | 338 | |
Net income attributable to Sotera Health Company common shareholders | $ | 2,824 | | | $ | 30,303 | |
Weighted Average Common Shares: | | | |
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic | 280,691 | | | 279,829 | |
Dilutive effect of potential common shares | 2,286 | | | 79 | |
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted | 282,977 | | | 279,908 | |
Earnings per Common Share: | | | |
Net income attributable to Sotera Health Company common shareholders - basic | $ | 0.01 | | | $ | 0.11 | |
Net income attributable to Sotera Health Company common shareholders - diluted | 0.01 | | | 0.11 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended |
in thousands of U.S. dollars and share amounts (except per share amounts) | September 30, 2022 | | September 30, 2021 | | September 30, 2022 | | September 30, 2021 |
Earnings: | | | | | | | |
Net income | $ | 25,090 | | | $ | 27,444 | | | $ | 86,149 | | | $ | 81,124 | |
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | — | | | — | | | — | | | 239 | |
Less: Allocation to participating securities | 223 | | | 343 | | | 862 | | | 1,089 | |
Net income attributable to Sotera Health Company common shareholders | $ | 24,867 | | | $ | 27,101 | | | $ | 85,287 | | | $ | 79,796 | |
Weighted Average Common Shares: | | | | | | | |
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic | 280,142 | | | 279,381 | | | 279,988 | | | 279,097 | |
Dilutive effect of potential common shares | 30 | | | 179 | | | 105 | | | 156 | |
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted | 280,172 | | | 279,560 | | | 280,093 | | | 279,253 | |
Earnings per Common Share: | | | | | | | |
Net income per common share attributable to Sotera Health Company common shareholders - basic | $ | 0.09 | | | $ | 0.10 | | | $ | 0.31 | | | $ | 0.29 | |
Net income per common share attributable to Sotera Health Company common shareholders - diluted | 0.09 | | | 0.10 | | | 0.31 | | | 0.29 | |
Diluted earnings per share does not consider the following potential common shares as the effect would be anti-dilutive:
| | | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | | Three Months Ended |
in thousands of share amounts | in thousands of share amounts | September 30, 2022 | | September 30, 2021 | | September 30, 2022 | | September 30, 2021 | in thousands of share amounts | March 31, 2023 | | March 31, 2022 |
Stock options | Stock options | 3,526 | | | 2,403 | | | 3,399 | | | 2,399 | | Stock options | 3,570 | | 2,889 |
RSUs | RSUs | 1,121 | | | 5 | | | 34 | | | 7 | | RSUs | 492 | | 172 |
Total anti-dilutive securities | Total anti-dilutive securities | 4,647 | | | 2,408 | | | 3,433 | | | 2,406 | | Total anti-dilutive securities | 4,062 | | 3,061 |
16.15.Commitments and Contingencies
From time to time, we may be subject to various lawsuits and other claims, as well as gain contingencies, in the ordinary course of our business. In addition, from time to time, we receive communications from government or regulatory agencies concerning investigations or allegations of noncompliance with laws or regulations in jurisdictions in which we operate.
We establish reserves for specific liabilities in connection with regulatory and legal actions that we determine to be both probable and reasonably estimable. NoExcept for the accrual for the Ethylene Oxide Tort Litigation settlement in Illinois discussed below, no material amounts have been accrued in our consolidated financial statements with respect to any loss contingencies as of September 30, 2022.March 31, 2023. If a potentially material loss contingency is not probable, but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, together with an estimate of the range of possible loss if determinable and material, would be disclosed. In certain of the matters described below, we are not able to make a reasonable estimate of any liability because of the uncertainties related to the outcome and/or the amount or range of loss. While it is not possible to determine the ultimate disposition of each of these matters, we do not expect that the ultimate resolution of pending regulatory and legal matters in future periods, including the matters described below, will have a potential liability ultimately determined to be attributable tomaterial effect on our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. Despite the above, the Company may result in a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, liquidity or financial condition for the annual or interim period during which such liability is accrued. The Company may also incur material defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other adverse effects on our business, financial condition, or results of operations.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Ethylene Oxide Tort Litigation
Sterigenics U.S., LLC and other medical supply sterilization companies have been subjected to personal injury and related tort lawsuits alleging various injuries caused by low-level environmental exposure to EO emissions from sterilization facilities. Those lawsuits, as detailed further below, are individual claims, as opposed to class actions.
Illinois
Approximately 830850 plaintiffs have filed lawsuits, and approximately 25 individuals have threatened to file lawsuits, against subsidiaries of the Company and other parties, alleging personal injuries including cancer and other diseases, or wrongful death,
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
resulting from purported emissions and releases of EO from Sterigenics U.S., LLC’sSterigenics’ former Willowbrook facility. Additional derivative claims are alleged on behalf of other individuals related torelatives of some of these personal injury plaintiffs. Each plaintiff seeks damages in an amount to be determined by the trier of fact. The lawsuits were consolidated for pre-trial purposes by the Cook County Circuit Court, Illinois (the “Consolidated Case”). Plaintiffs are expected to seek compensatory and punitive damages, as permitted by law,Jury trials were conducted during 2022 in their individual trials. Fact discovery in the Consolidated Case concluded on February 1, 2022. On June 28, 2022 the Court granted summary judgment, dismissing plaintiffs’ ultrahazardous activity / strict liability claims and denying the remainder of the motions. Twotwo of the individual cases included in the Consolidated Case, areand twelve individual cases were scheduled for trials in 2022, and two are scheduled for trials in 2023. Plaintiffs in those four cases have been granted permission to seek punitive damage awards against subsidiaries of the Company and another party. The first trial began on August 12, 2022, and on September 19, 2022, the jury rendered a verdict in favor of the plaintiff and awarded damages in the amount of $358.7 million, including $36.1 million of compensatory damages, $320.0 million of punitive damages and $2.6 million of prejudgment interest against our subsidiaries Sterigenics U.S., LLC and Sotera Health, LLC.LLC (the “Defendant Subsidiaries”). Post-judgment interest accrues on the compensatory and punitive damages awards from September 20, 2022, the date the court enteredof the judgment order. The Company does not believe thatDefendant Subsidiaries filed a Motion for Post Trial Relief, which was denied on December 19, 2022. On January 9, 2023 the facts and law justify the verdict or damage awards and intends to vigorously challenge them through all appropriate motions for post-trial relief and appeals. The Company expects the enforceability of the judgment order to be stayed pending the resolution of motions for post-trial relief. In order to stay the enforceability of the judgment order during the appeals process under Illinois law, an appellate bond must be posted or an alternative form of security must be provided. Our subsidiaries are exploring options to post the appellate bond or to provide an alternative form of security, which could involve additional credit support from the Company, if the Company so determines, and/or posting cash collateral of the subsidiaries, or other form of security as may be required by the courts, and on which such subsidiaries will incur interest and other associated costs. The bond or other form of security ordinarily must be sufficient to cover the amount of the judgment and costs, plus interest reasonably anticipated to accrue during pendency of the appeal. Given the pendency of motions for post-trial relief requesting that the trial court enter judgment in defendants’ favor notwithstanding the verdict, or alternatively thatDefendant Subsidiaries filed a new trial be granted, or alternatively for reduction of the compensatory and punitive damages awards, as well as the courts’ ability to reduce the amount of any bond or other security, the amount of the bond or alternative form of security that will ultimately be required to be posted or provided is uncertain.
On October 26, 2022, Sterigenics U.S., LLC and Sotera Health LLC filed their motion for post-trial relief, requesting that the trial court enter judgment in their favor notwithstanding the verdict, or alternatively that a new trial be granted, and requesting reduction of the compensatory and punitive damages awards, based on the plaintiff’s failure of proof on elements of her claims, reversible errors by the trial court regarding evidentiary and other rulings, and excessive damages awards. We are unable to predict the date on which the trial court will decide the motion for post-trial relief. Subject to the nature and extent of the trial court's ruling on post-trial relief, we intend to file NoticesNotice of Appeal to the First District Appellate Court in Illinois, within 30 daysappealing the September 20, 2022 adverse judgment. The deadline for posting an appellate bond or providing an alternate form of such ruling.security for the appeal was extended to February 8, 2023. The second individual trial began on October 6, 2022, and on November 18, 2022 the jury returned a defense verdict on all counts. On January 4, 2023, the plaintiff in the second trial filed a motion for post-trial relief seeking an order reversing and/or vacating the verdict, granting a new trial, and/or entering judgment in the plaintiff’s favor notwithstanding the verdict.
We have takenOn November 1, 2022 certain plaintiffs in the Consolidated Case filed a lawsuit in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois against the Company and certain affiliates, subsidiaries and current and former officers, alleging that certain transfers of assets occurring after December 2016 were intended to make assets unavailable to satisfy judgments the plaintiffs might win in future trials in their individual personal injury cases included in the Consolidated Case (the “Asset Transfer Case”). On November 10, 2022, the Asset Transfer Case was removed to the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois and all defendants filed answers and affirmative defenses.
On January 9, 2023, the Defendant Subsidiaries (the “Settling Defendants”) entered into considerationbinding term sheets (the “Term Sheets”) with the events“Plaintiffs’ Executive Committee” (the “PEC”) appointed to act on behalf of the more than 20 law firms (“Plaintiffs’ Counsel”) representing the plaintiffs in the Consolidated Case, the Asset Transfer Case, and other clients with personal injury claims that have occurred afternot yet been filed (together, the reporting period“Eligible Claimants”). Upon entering into the Term Sheets, and beforebased on our assessment of the financial statements were issued. Basedlikelihood that the conditions to the Term Sheets will be satisfied or waived, we concluded that the Settlement was probable and reasonably estimable. Accordingly, the Company recorded a charge of $408.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Term Sheets provide an agreed path to final settlement of the Eligible Claimants’ claims, subject to the satisfaction or waiver of certain conditions, including but not limited to the Settling Defendants and the PEC working in good faith to draft and execute full settlement agreements in accordance with the Term Sheets.
On March 28, 2023, the Settling Defendants and the PEC entered into full settlement agreements (the “Settlement Agreements”). The Settlement Agreements provide a pathway to comprehensively resolve the claims pending against the Settling Defendants in Illinois and thereby enable the Company to focus its full attention on operating the statusbusiness. The Company denies any liability and maintains that its Willowbrook, Illinois operations did not pose a safety risk to the community in which it operated, and believes the evidence and science ultimately would have compelled the rejection of the plaintiffs’ claims. However, years of biased media coverage in the greater Chicago area, the significant costs of posting a large bond in support of the appeal of the first individual case, we believe a loss is not probable, but the range of loss for this case could be from $0 to $358.7 million, plus potential post-judgment interest. We have not recorded a reserve with respect to this litigation as a number of factors (including post-trial relieftrial verdict and the appeals processes which are anticipatedtime and expense that would have been required to take at least eighteen months or longer) could significantly changecontinue to contest hundreds of additional lawsuits through a multi-year process in the assessment of damages andIllinois court system led the ultimate outcomeCompany to conclude that resolving the pending Illinois EO cases would be in the best interest of the case.Company and its stakeholders.
The scope of the settlement includes all claims that have been alleged or could have been alleged by 881 Eligible Claimants related to or arising from alleged emissions of EO from Sterigenics’ operations in or around Willowbrook, Illinois and related claims that have been or could have been alleged by Eligible Claimants seeking to challenge any transfer of assets to or from the Company, its subsidiaries and certain affiliates to any other entity or person (the “Covered Claims”). The Settling Defendants deny any liability for the Covered Claims and, per their express terms, the Settlement Agreements are not to be construed as an admission of liability or that the Company engaged in any wrongful, tortious, or unlawful activity or that use and/or emissions of EO from Sterigenics’ operations in or around Willowbrook, Illinois posed any safety hazard to the surrounding communities.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
If the conditions of the Settlement Agreements are satisfied or waived, among other things, the Eligible Claimants participating in the settlement will release the Company, its subsidiaries and certain affiliates from all Covered Claims and dismiss with prejudice all pending lawsuits and appeals relating to or arising from any Covered Claims. The Settlement Agreements provide that final settlement is conditioned, among other things, on (1) the continuance of the stays of all pending Covered Claims, (2) Plaintiffs’ Counsel obtaining opt-in consent from (i) 99% of all Eligible Claimants represented by the PEC law firms, (ii) 95% of all Eligible Claimants represented by law firms not on the PEC and (iii) 100% of all Eligible Claimants within certain specified subgroups, within 30 days of the date each Eligible Claimant receives all disclosures required by applicable state rules along with their individual settlement allocation (the “Participation Requirement”), which may be extended up to 30 days with the consent of the Settling Defendants, (3) the dismissal with prejudice of the Covered Claims of all Eligible Claimants participating in the settlement, and (4) court approval of the settlement as a good faith settlement under the Illinois Joint Contribution Among Tortfeasors Act. In addition, the Settling Defendants will have the right to elect not to proceed with final settlement of the Covered Claims if it is determined that 40 or more Eligible Claimants do not have valid claims or more than five new lawsuits are filed by Plaintiffs’ Counsel. The Settling Defendants have the right to waive the Participation Requirement and elect to proceed with final settlement, in which case the settlement will be binding only on Eligible Claimants participating in the settlement and providing opt-in consent. The PEC and other Plaintiffs’ Counsel have agreed, subject to the exercise of their independent professional judgment, to recommend to their clients that they participate in the settlement. On May 1, 2023, Sterigenics U.S., LLC contributed $408.0 million to a settlement escrow fund that will be used, if the conditions of the Settlement Agreements are satisfied or waived, to pay all settlement fees and expenses and cash payments to the Eligible Claimants participating in the settlement.
On January 11, 2023 and January 13, 2023, the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois entered orders staying all proceedings and deadlines and vacating all trial dates in the Consolidated Case, and staying all enforcement proceedings relating to the September 20, 2022 adverse judgment. On January 16, 2023 the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois entered an order staying all proceedings in the Asset Transfer Case. On January 23, 2023 the First District Appellate Court in Illinois entered an order staying the Settling Defendants’ appeal of the September 20, 2022 adverse judgment.
The final settlement of claims contemplated under the Settlement Agreements may not occur or may not occur for all Eligible Claimants for a number of reasons, including but not limited to, a failure to satisfy the Participation Requirement. If the final settlement occurs, the settlement will not cover unfiled claims of claimants who are represented by lawyers other than Plaintiffs’ Counsel, claims of Eligible Claimants who elect and are permitted by the Participation Requirements to opt out of the settlement, claims for illnesses diagnosed in the future that claimants allege were caused by emissions from Sterigenics’ operations in or around Willowbrook, Illinois, or lawsuits alleging injuries from emissions of EO from operations other than those in or around Willowbrook, Illinois, including the previously disclosed lawsuits in Georgia and New Mexico. The Company denies these allegations, intends to defend itself vigorously in all such litigation, and does not believe that the facts and law justify the September 20, 2022 adverse judgment in the first trial in Illinois or, as detailed further below, that the verdict and damage awards in that case are predictive of future EO tort cases in Illinois or other jurisdictions.
On February 23, 2023 the Company successfully closed on a new senior secured Term Loan B facility in an aggregate principal amount of $500.0 million. The Company used the proceeds of this debt financing to fund the $408.0 million settlement described above. Refer to Note 9, “Long-Term Debt” for additional information.
Georgia
Since August 17, 2020, approximately 300 plaintiffs have filed lawsuits against subsidiaries of the Company and other parties in the State Court of Cobb County, Georgia and the State Court of Gwinnett County, Georgia alleging that they suffered personal injuries resulting from emissions of EO from Sterigenics’ Atlanta facility. Additional derivative claims are alleged on behalf of relatives of some of these personal injury plaintiffs. Our subsidiaries are also defendants in approximately 160 lawsuits alleging that the Atlanta facility has devalued and harmed plaintiffs’ use of real properties they own in the Atlanta, Georgia area and caused other damages. These personal injury and property devaluation plaintiffs seek various forms of relief including damages. All but two of the personal injury lawsuits pending in Cobb County have been consolidated for pretrial purposes. The Court has entered a phased case management schedule for a “pool” of ten of the consolidated cases by which threshold general causation issues will be decided in Phase 1, followed by specific causation issues in Phase 2 as to any of the pooled cases that survive Phase 1. The Court has stayed the remainder of the consolidated personal injury cases pending in Cobb County and an immediate appeal of a discrete procedural issue is being pursued by the defendants. One personal injury
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
case is pending in Gwinnett County and is scheduled for trial in October 2023. The remaining personal injury case and approximately 160 property devaluation cases are in various stages of pleadings and motions practice, and fact discovery.
In January 2023 a personal injury and premises liability case was filed in Cobb County, Georgia by a delivery driver alleging injuries from purported exposure to EO emissions and releases while making deliveries to our Atlanta facility. That case has not been consolidated with the other personal injury cases and is not stayed. The court has not yet entered an initial case management order or schedule.
New Mexico
On April 24, 2023, a lawsuit was filed in the Third Judicial District Court, Doña Ana County, New Mexico against the Company and certain subsidiaries alleging wrongful death caused by exposure to emissions of EO from Sterigenics’ sterilization facility in Santa Teresa, New Mexico while working at a different company’s facility approximately one mile away. On April 27, 2023 the case was removed to the United States District Court for the District of New Mexico. The court has not yet entered an initial case management order or schedule.
New Mexico Attorney General Litigation
On December 22, 2020, the New Mexico Attorney General filed a lawsuit in the Third Judicial District Court, Doña Ana County, New Mexico against the Company and certain subsidiaries alleging that emissions of EO from Sterigenics’ sterilization facility in Santa Teresa, New Mexico have deteriorated the air quality in Santa Teresa and surrounding communities and materially contributed to increased health risks suffered by residents of those communities. The Complaint asserts claims for public nuisance, negligence, strict liability, violations of New Mexico’s Public Nuisance Statute and Unfair Practices Act and seeks various forms of relief including a temporary restraining order, preliminary injunctive relief and damages. On June 29, 2021, the Court entered an Order Granting Preliminary Injunction (the “Order”) prohibiting Sterigenics from allowing any uncontrolled emission or release of EO from the facility. On December 20, 2021 the Court entered an order establishing a protocol to monitor Sterigenics’ compliance with the Order. Operations at the facility continue to be in compliance with the June 2021 and December 2021 orders. A motion challenging the Court’s jurisdiction over Sotera Health Company and another defendant, and a motion for summary judgment by Sterigenics U.S., LLC and Sotera Health LLC are pending. A Scheduling Order was entered on September 13, 2022, including a June 3, 2024 trial date.
The Company believes that neither the verdict in the first trial in Illinois nor the settlement of the pending and threatened claims in Illinois is not predictive of potential future verdicts in the other Illinois EO tort cases.cases in Illinois or other jurisdictions. The casesCompany intends to defend itself vigorously in all such litigation, which will be presided over by different judges, tried by different counsel presenting different evidence and fact and expert witness testimony at trial, and decided by different juries. Each plaintiff’s claim involves unique facts and evidence, including but not limited to, the circumstances of the plaintiff’s alleged exposure, the type and severity of the plaintiff’s disease and the plaintiff’s medical history and course of treatment. As a result, we believe that loss in such subsequent cases is not probable and it is not possible to estimate the range of loss. Due to the uncertainties associated with the amount of any such liability and/or the nature of any other remedy which may be imposed in such litigation, any potential liability determined to be attributable to the Company arising out of such litigation may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, liquidity or financial condition. An estimate of the potential impact on the Company’s results of operations, liquidity or financial condition cannot be made due to the aforementioned uncertainties.
The second individual trial began in Cook County, IL on October 6, 2022 and is underway. Subsequent individual trials are currently scheduled to begin in January 2023 and April 2023. At a recent hearing, the court indicated that the claims of small groups of plaintiffs should be tried jointly, starting in late May 2023. The parties have been instructed to confer to identify plaintiffs whose claims could be tried jointly because the details of their individual claims are similar. We expect to know more in mid-November about whether joint trials are possible and when they will be scheduled. Even if joint trials proceed, they will remain individual actions, not class actions.
Georgia
Since August 17, 2020, approximately 300 plaintiffs have filed lawsuits against subsidiaries of the Company and other parties in the State Court of Cobb County, Georgia and the State Court of Gwinnett County, Georgia alleging that they suffered personal injuries resulting from emissions and releases of EO from Sterigenics’ Atlanta facility. Additional derivative claims are alleged on behalf of other individuals related to some of these personal injury plaintiffs. Our subsidiaries are also defendants in two lawsuits alleging that the Atlanta facility has devalued and harmed plaintiffs’ use of real properties they own in Smyrna, Georgia and caused other damages. These personal injury and property devaluation plaintiffs seek various forms of relief including damages. All but one of the personal injury lawsuits pending in Cobb County have been consolidated for pretrial purposes. The Court has entered a phased case management schedule for a “pool” of ten of the consolidated cases by which threshold general causation issues will be decided in Phase 1, followed by specific causation issues in Phase 2 as to any of the pooled cases that survive Phase 1. The Court has stayed the remainder of the consolidated personal injury cases pending in Cobb County and an immediate appeal of a discrete procedural issue is being pursued by the defendants. One personal injury case is pending in Gwinnett County and is scheduled for trial in October 2023. The remaining personal injury case and two property devaluation cases are in various stages of pleadings and motions practice and fact discovery.
Georgia Facility Operations Litigation
In October 2019, while Sterigenics had voluntarily suspended the facility’s operations to install emissions reduction enhancements at its Atlanta facility, Cobb County, Georgia officials asserted that the facility had an incorrect “certificate of occupancy” and could not resume operations without obtaining a new certificate of occupancy after a third-party code compliance review. On March 30, 2020 Sterigenics filed suit against Cobb County, Georgia and certain of its officials for wrongfully interfering with operations of the facility. On April 1, 2020 Sterigenics won a Temporary Restraining Order prohibiting Cobb County officials from interfering with the facility’s normal operations, which relief has been extended until entry of a final judgment in the case. All parties have filed motions for summary judgment which remain pending. Trial is scheduled to begin on January 24, 2023.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
New Mexico Attorney General Litigation
On December 22, 2020, the New Mexico Attorney General filed a lawsuit in the Third Judicial District Court, Doña Ana County, New Mexico against the Company and certain subsidiaries alleging that emissions of EO from Sterigenics’ sterilization facility in Santa Teresa, New Mexico have deteriorated the air quality in Santa Teresa and surrounding communities and materially contributed to increased health risks suffered by residents of those communities. The Complaint asserts claims for public nuisance, negligence, strict liability, violations of New Mexico’s Public Nuisance Statute and Unfair Practices Act and seeks various forms of relief including a temporary restraining order and preliminary injunctive relief and damages. On June 29, 2021, the Court entered an Order Granting Preliminary Injunction (the “Order”). The Order does not require closure of the facility, but prohibits Sterigenics from allowing any uncontrolled emission or release of EO from the facility. On December 20, 2021 the Court entered an order identifying a protocol to monitor Sterigenics’ compliance with the Order. A motion challenging the Court’s jurisdiction over Sotera Health Company and another defendant is pending and all other motions to dismiss have been denied. A Scheduling Order was entered on September 13, 2022, including a June 3, 2024 trial date.
* * *
Our insurance for litigation related to alleged environmental liabilities, like the litigation pending in Illinois, Georgia and New Mexico described above, has limits of $10.0 million per occurrence and $20.0 million in the aggregate. The per occurrence limit related to the Willowbrook, Illinois litigation was fully utilized by June 30, 2020. The remaining $10.0 million limit is currently beingwas fully utilized by March 31, 2023 for occurrences related to the EO litigation in Georgia and New Mexico described above. As of September 30, 2022, we have utilized approximately $7.5 million of the remaining $10.0 million limit. Our insurance for future alleged environmental liabilities excludes coverage for EO claims.
In addition, we are pursuing other insurance coverage for our legal expenses related to the EO tort litigation. In 2021, Sterigenics U.S., LLC filed an insurance coverage lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois relating to two commercial general liability policies issued in the 1980s. On August 3, 2022, the Court issued a Memorandum Opinion and Order concluding that the insurer owes Sterigenics U.S., LLC and another insured party a duty to defend the Willowbrook, Illinois litigation, which may allow us to recover defense costs related to that litigation.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Sotera Health Company Securities Litigation
17.
On January 24, 2023, a putative stockholder class action was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Ohio against the Company, its directors, certain senior executives, the Company’s private equity stockholders and the underwriters of the Company’s initial public offering (“IPO”) in November 2020 and the Company’s secondary public offering (“SPO”) in March 2021. On April 17, 2023 the court appointed the Oakland County Employees’ Retirement System, Oakland County Voluntary Employees’ Beneficiary Association, and Wayne County Employees’ Retirement System (the “Michigan Funds”) to serve as lead plaintiff to prosecute claims on behalf of a proposed class of stockholders who acquired shares of the Company in connection with our IPO or SPO or between November 20, 2020 and September 19, 2022 (the “Proposed Class”). The Michigan Funds allege that statements made regarding the safety of the Company’s use of EO and/or the litigation and other risks of its EO operations violated Sections 11, 12(a)(2) and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933 (when made in the registration statements for the IPO and SPO) and violated Sections 10(b), Section 20(a) and Rule 10b-5 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (when made in subsequent securities filings and other contexts). The Michigan Funds seek damages and other relief on behalf of the Proposed Class. The Company believes that these claims are without merit and plans to mount a vigorous defense.
16.Financial Instruments and Financial Risk
Derivative Instruments
We do not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes and are not a party to leveraged derivatives.
Derivatives Designated in Hedge Relationships
From time to time, the Company utilizes interest rate derivatives designated in hedge relationships to manage interest rate risk associated with our variable rate borrowings. These instruments are measured at fair value with changes in fair value recorded as a component of “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
In March 2023, we entered into an interest rate swap agreement with a notional amount of $400.0 million. The interest rate swap has a forward start date of August 23, 2023 and expires on August 23, 2025. We have designated the interest rate swap as a cash flow hedge designed to hedge the variability of cash flows attributable to changes in the SOFR benchmark interest rate of our 2023 Term Loan. We receive interest at the one-month Term SOFR rate and pay a fixed interest rate under the terms of the swap agreement.
In May 2022, we entered into two interest rate cap agreements with a combined notional amount of $1,000.0 million for a total option premium of $4.1 million. The interest rate caps have a forward start date of July 31, 2023 and expire on July 31, 2024. We have designated these interest rate caps as cash flow hedges designed to hedge the variability of cash flows attributable to changes in the benchmark interest rate of our Term Loan. Under the current terms of the loan agreement, the benchmark interest rate index is expected to transition from LIBOR to the term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”)SOFR at the earlier of June 30, 2023 or the Company’sCompany's election to “early opt-in” to SOFR. Accordingly, the interest rate cap agreements hedge the variability of cash flows attributable to changes in SOFR by limiting our cash flow exposure related to the term SOFR under a portion of our variable rate borrowings to 3.5%.
In October 2021, we entered into two interest rate cap agreements with a combined notional amount of $1,000.0 million for a total option premium of $1.8 million. Both interest rate caps have a forward start date of December 31, 2022 and expire on July 31, 2023. These interest rate caps are designated as cash flow hedges and are designed to hedge the variability of cash flows attributable to changes in LIBOR (or its successor), the benchmark interest rate being hedged, by limiting our cash flow exposure related to the LIBOR base rate under a portion of our variable rate borrowings to 1.0%.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Derivatives Not Designated in Hedge Relationships
Additionally, from time to time, the Company enters into interest rate derivativescaps to manage economic risks associated with our variable rate borrowings that are not designated in hedge relationships. These instruments are recorded at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, with any changes in the value being recorded in “Interest expense, net” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).Income.
In June 2020, SHH entered into two interest rate cap agreements with notional amounts
Sotera Health Company
Notes to terminate on August 31, 2021 and February 28, 2022, respectively. The interest rate caps limit our cash flow exposure related to the LIBOR base rate under a portion of our variable rate borrowings to 1.0%. In February 2021, we amended the two interest rate cap agreements referenced above to reduce the strike rate from 1.0% to 0.5%. Premiums paid to amend the interest rate caps were immaterial.Consolidated Financial Statements
We also entered into two additional interest rate cap agreements in February 2021 with a combined notional amount of $1,000.0 million, for a total option premium of $0.4 million. These instruments were effective September 30, 2021, and will terminate on December 31, 2022. The amended and new interest rate caps limit our cash flow exposure related to LIBOR under a portion of our variable rate borrowings to 0.5%.
The Company also enteredroutinely enters into foreign currency forward contracts to manage foreign currency exchange rate risk of our intercompany loans in certain of our international subsidiaries. The foreign currency forward contracts expire on a monthly basis. The fair value of the outstanding foreign currency forward contracts was zero as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
Embedded Derivatives
We have embedded derivatives in certain of our customer and supply contracts as a result of the currency of the contract being different from the functional currency of the parties involved. Changes in the fair value of the embedded derivatives are recognized in “Other income, net” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).Income.
The following table provides a summary of the notional and fair values of our derivative instruments:
| | | September 30, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 | | March 31, 2023 | | December 31, 2022 |
(in U.S. Dollars; notional in millions, fair value in thousands) | (in U.S. Dollars; notional in millions, fair value in thousands) | | Fair Value | | | Fair Value | (in U.S. Dollars; notional in millions, fair value in thousands) | | Fair Value | | | Fair Value |
| | Notional Amount | | Derivative Assets | | Derivative Liabilities | | Notional Amount | | Derivative Assets | | Derivative Liabilities | | Notional Amount | | Derivative Assets | | Derivative Liabilities | | Notional Amount | | Derivative Assets | | Derivative Liabilities |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | | | | |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | | Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | | | |
Interest rate caps | Interest rate caps | $ | 2,000.0 | | (a) | $ | 31,920 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 1,000.0 | | | $ | 2,322 | | | $ | — | | Interest rate caps | $ | 2,000.0 | | (a) | $ | 24,129 | | | — | | | $ | 2,000.0 | | | $ | 34,764 | | | — | |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | | |
Interest rate caps | $ | 1,000.0 | | | $ | 7,752 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 1,500.0 | | | $ | 1,654 | | | $ | — | | |
Interest rate swaps | | Interest rate swaps | 400.0 | | (b) | — | | | 2,387 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments | | Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments | |
| Foreign currency forward contracts | | Foreign currency forward contracts | 154.8 | | | 33 | | | 23 | | | 151.5 | | | — | | | 272 | |
Embedded derivatives | Embedded derivatives | 183.6 | | (b) | 3,522 | | | 4,745 | | | 144.4 | | | 496 | | | — | | Embedded derivatives | 172.5 | | (c) | 2,507 | | | 3,524 | | | 179.9 | | | 2,721 | | | 3,508 | |
Total | Total | $ | 3,183.6 | | | $ | 43,194 | | | $ | 4,745 | | | $ | 2,644.4 | | | $ | 4,472 | | | $ | — | | Total | $ | 2,727.3 | | | $ | 26,669 | | | $ | 5,934 | | | $ | 2,331.4 | | | $ | 37,485 | | | $ | 3,780 | |
(a)$1,000.0 million and $1,000.0 million notional amount of interest rate caps designated as hedging instruments have a forward start datesdate beginning on December 31, 2022 and July 31, 2023, respectively.2023.
(b)The notional amount of interest rates swaps designated as hedging instruments reflected in the table above has a forward start date beginning on August 23, 2023.
(c)Represents the total notional amounts for certain of the Company’s supply and sales contracts accounted for as embedded derivatives.
Embedded derivative assets and liabilities, interest rate caps and interest rate swaps are included in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets”, “Other assets”, and “Other assets,”“Noncurrent liabilities” respectively, on theour Consolidated Balance Sheets depending upon their respective maturity dates.position at period end. Embedded derivative liabilities are included in “Accrued liabilities” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The following table summarize the activities of our derivative instruments for the periods presented, and the line item in which they are recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | | | |
Three Months Ended March 31, | 2023 | | 2022 |
Unrealized gain on interest rate derivatives recorded in interest expense, net | $ | — | | | $ | (6,346) | |
Unrealized loss (gain) on embedded derivatives recorded in other income, net | 227 | | | (1,018) | |
Realized gain on interest rate derivatives recorded in interest expense, net(a) | (9,648) | | | — | |
Realized loss (gain) on foreign currency forward contracts recorded in foreign exchange (gain) loss | 449 | | | (1,530) | |
(a)For the three months ended March 31, 2023, amounts represent quarterly settlement of interest rate caps.
The following table summarizes the net gains (losses) on our cash flow hedges recognized in “Other comprehensive income (loss)” during the period:
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following tables summarize the activities of our derivative instruments for the periods presented, and the line item they are recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss): | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | | | |
Three Months Ended March 31, | 2023 | | 2022 |
Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate derivatives recorded in other comprehensive income | $ | (3,372) | | | $ | 6,179 | |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to interest expense | (9,275) | | | $ | — | |
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) | $ | (12,647) | | | $ | 6,179 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
| 2022 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2021 |
Unrealized loss (gain) on interest rate caps recorded in interest expense, net | $ | 3,348 | | | $ | (116) | | | $ | (6,098) | | | $ | 267 | |
Unrealized loss (gain) on embedded derivatives recorded in other expense (income), net | 359 | | | 1,189 | | | 1,776 | | | (424) | |
Realized gain on interest rate caps recorded in interest expense, net | (4,473) | | | — | | | (5,752) | | | — | |
Realized loss (gain) on foreign currency forward contracts recorded in foreign exchange (gain) loss | 4,157 | | | 762 | | | 3,662 | | | (1,381) | |
The following table summarizes the net gains on our cash flow hedges recognized in “Other comprehensive income (loss)” during the period:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
| 2022 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2021 |
Unrealized gain on interest rate derivatives recorded in other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | $ | 9,408 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 18,765 | | | $ | — | |
We expect to reclassify approximately $22.8$16.7 million of after-tax net gains on derivative instruments from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to income during the next 12 months associated with our cash flow hedges.
Credit Risk
Certain of our financial assets, including cash and cash equivalents, are exposed to credit risk.
We are also exposed, in our normal course of business, to credit risk from our customers. As of September 30, 2022March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2021,2022, accounts receivable was net of an allowance for uncollectible accounts of $1.4$2.6 million and $1.3$1.9 million, respectively.
Credit risk on financial instruments arises from the potential for counterparties to default on their contractual obligations to us. We are exposed to credit risk in the event of non-performance, but do not anticipate non-performance by any of the counterparties to our financial instruments. We limit our credit risk by dealing with counterparties that are considered to be of high credit quality. In the event of non-performance by counterparties, the carrying value of our financial instruments represents the maximum amount of loss that would be incurred.
Our credit team evaluates and regularly monitors changes in the credit risk of our customers. We routinely assess the collectability of accounts receivable and maintain an adequate allowance for uncollectible accounts to address potential credit losses. The process includes a review of customer financial information and credit ratings, current market conditions as well as the expected future economic conditions that may impact the collection of trade receivables. We regularly review our customers'customers’ past due amounts through an analysis of aged accounts receivables, specific customer past due aging amounts, and the history of trade receivables written off. Upon concluding that a receivable balance is not collectible, the balance is written off against the allowance for uncollectible accounts.
Fair Value Hierarchy
The fair value of our financial instruments is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The valuation techniques we would use to determine such fair values are described as follows: Level 1—fair values determined by inputs utilizing quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2—fair values based on observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable; Level 3—fair values determined by unobservable inputs reflecting our own assumptions, consistent with reasonably available assumptions made by other market participants.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table discloses the fair value of our financial assets and liabilities:
| As of September 30, 2022 | | Fair Value | |
As of March 31, 2023 | | As of March 31, 2023 | | Fair Value |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | Carrying Amount | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | Carrying Amount | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments(a) | Derivatives designated as hedging instruments(a) | | | | | | | | Derivatives designated as hedging instruments(a) | | | | | | | |
Interest rate caps | Interest rate caps | $ | 31,920 | | | — | | | $ | 31,920 | | | — | | Interest rate caps | $ | 24,129 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 24,129 | | | $ | — | |
Interest rate swaps | | Interest rate swaps | 2,387 | | | — | | | 2,387 | | | — | |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments(b) | Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments(b) | | Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments(b) | |
Interest rate caps | 7,752 | | | — | | | 7,752 | | | — | | |
Foreign currency forward contract assets | | Foreign currency forward contract assets | 33 | | | — | | | 33 | | | — | |
Foreign currency forward contract liabilities | | Foreign currency forward contract liabilities | 23 | | | — | | | 23 | | | — | |
Embedded derivative assets | Embedded derivative assets | 3,522 | | | — | | | 3,522 | | | — | | Embedded derivative assets | 2,507 | | | — | | | 2,507 | | | — | |
Embedded derivative liabilities | Embedded derivative liabilities | 4,745 | | | — | | | 4,745 | | | — | | Embedded derivative liabilities | 3,524 | | | — | | | 3,524 | | | — | |
Long-Term Debt(c) | | |
Current portion of long-term debt | | Current portion of long-term debt | |
Term loan B, due 2026 | | Term loan B, due 2026 | 3,583 | | | — | | | 3,694 | | | — | |
Other long-term debt(c) | | Other long-term debt(c) | 448 | | | — | | | 448 | | | — | |
Long-Term Debt(d) | | Long-Term Debt(d) | |
Term loan, due 2026 | Term loan, due 2026 | 1,746,109 | | | — | | | 1,604,421 | | | — | | Term loan, due 2026 | 1,748,221 | | | — | | | 1,694,868 | | | — | |
Other long-term debt | 446 | | | — | | | 446 | | | — | | |
Finance Lease Obligations (with current portion)(d) | 56,526 | | | — | | | 56,526 | | | — | | |
Term loan B, due 2026 | | Term loan B, due 2026 | 474,112 | | | — | | | 488,806 | | | — | |
Finance Lease Obligations (with current portion)(e) | | Finance Lease Obligations (with current portion)(e) | 70,323 | | | — | | | 70,323 | | | — | |
| As of December 31, 2021 | | Fair Value | |
As of December 31, 2022 | | As of December 31, 2022 | | Fair Value |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | Carrying Amount | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | Carrying Amount | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments(a) | Derivatives designated as hedging instruments(a) | | | | | | | | Derivatives designated as hedging instruments(a) | | | | | | | |
Interest rate caps | Interest rate caps | $ | 2,322 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 2,322 | | | $ | — | | Interest rate caps | $ | 34,764 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 34,764 | | | $ | — | |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments(b) | Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments(b) | | Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments(b) | |
Interest rate caps | 1,654 | | | — | | | 1,654 | | | — | | |
Foreign currency forward contracts | | Foreign currency forward contracts | 272 | | | — | | | 272 | | | — | |
Embedded derivative assets | | Embedded derivative assets | 2,721 | | | — | | | 2,721 | | | — | |
Embedded derivative liabilities | Embedded derivative liabilities | 496 | | | — | | | 496 | | | — | | Embedded derivative liabilities | 3,508 | | | — | | | 3,508 | | | — | |
Long-Term Debt(c) | | |
Current portion of long-term debt(c) | | Current portion of long-term debt(c) | |
Revolving credit facility | | Revolving credit facility | 196,672 | | | — | | | $ | 196,672 | | | — | |
Other long-term debt | | Other long-term debt | 447 | | | — | | | $ | 447 | | | — | |
Long-Term Debt(d) | | Long-Term Debt(d) | |
Term loan, due 2026 | Term loan, due 2026 | 1,743,090 | | | — | | | 1,754,285 | | | — | | Term loan, due 2026 | 1,747,115 | | | — | | | 1,626,460 | | | — | |
Other long-term debt | 444 | | | — | | | 444 | | | — | | |
Finance Lease Obligations (with current portion)(d) | 42,047 | | | — | | | 42,037 | | | — | | |
Finance Lease Obligations (with current portion)(e) | | Finance Lease Obligations (with current portion)(e) | 58,677 | | | — | | | 58,677 | | | — | |
(a)Derivatives designated as hedging instruments are measured at fair value with changes in fair value recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Interest rate caps and swaps are valued using pricing models that incorporate observable market inputs, including interest rate and yield curves.
(b)Derivatives thatthat are not designated as hedging instruments are measured at fair value with gains or losses recognized immediately in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). Interest rate caps are valued using pricing models that incorporate observable market inputs including interest rate and yield curves.Income. Embedded derivatives are valued using internally developed models that rely on observable market inputs, including foreign currency forward curves. Foreign currency forward contracts are valued by reference to changes in the forward foreign currency exchange rate over the life of the contract.
(c)Carrying value of other long-term debt and revolving credit facility approximates fair value.
(d)Carrying amounts of long-term debt instruments are reported net of discounts and debt issuance costs. The estimated fair value of these instruments is based uponon quoted prices for the Term Loanterm loans due in 2026 in inactive markets as provided by an independent fixed income security pricing service. Fair value approximates carrying value for “Other long-term debt.”
(d)(e)Fair value approximates carrying value.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
18.17.Segment Information
We identify our operating segments based on the way we manage, evaluate and internally report our business activities for purposes of allocating resources and assessing performance. We have three reportable segments: Sterigenics, Nordion and Nelson Labs. We have determined our reportable segments based upon an assessment of organizational structure, service types,
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
and internally prepared financial statements. Our chief operating decision makerdecision-maker evaluates performance and allocates resources based on net revenues and segment income after the elimination of intercompany activities. The accounting policies of our reportable segments are the same as those described in Note 1, “Significant Accounting Policies” of our 2021the Company's annual consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes on Form 10-K.10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Sterigenics
Sterigenics provides outsourced terminal sterilization and irradiation services for the medical device, pharmaceutical, food safety and advanced applications markets using three major technologies: gamma irradiation, EO processing and E-beam irradiation.
Nordion
Nordion is a leading global provider of Co-60 used in the sterilization and irradiation processes for the medical device, pharmaceutical, food safety, and high-performance materials industries, as well as in the treatment of cancer. In addition, Nordion is a leading global provider of gamma irradiation systems.
Nelson Labs
Nelson Labs provides outsourced microbiological and analytical chemistry testing and advisory services for the medical device and pharmaceutical industries.
For the three months ended September 30, 2022, threeMarch 31, 2023, two customers reported within the Nordion segment individually represented 10% or more of the segment’s total net revenues. These customers represented 21.0%, 14.7%,54.6% and 10.1%11.3% of the total segment’s external net revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2022.March 31, 2023. The high concentration of revenues from these customers mainly stems from the low sales volume pattern in the three months ended March 31, 2023. For the three months ended September 30, 2021, four customers reported within the Nordion segment individually represented 10% or more of the segment’s total net revenues. These customers represented 20.4%, 12.8%, 12.8%, and 10.3% of the total segment’s external net revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2021.
For the nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2022, four customers reported within the Nordion segment individually represented 10% or more of the segment’s total net revenues. These customers represented 17.1%, 16.2%, 11.8% , and 11.7% of the total segment’s external net revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, five customers reported within the Nordion segment individually represented 10% or more of the segment’ssegment's total net revenues. These customers represented 13.2%15.7%, 12.8%14.4%, 12.6%13.9%, 12.3%12.2%, and 10.5%11.9% of the total segment's external net revenues for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2021.March 31, 2022.
Financial information for each of our segments is presented in the following table:
| | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2021 | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | Three Months Ended March 31, |
| | | 2023 | | 2022 |
Segment revenues(a) | Segment revenues(a) | | | | | | | | Segment revenues(a) | | | |
Sterigenics | Sterigenics | $ | 157,723 | | | $ | 145,314 | | | $ | 464,977 | | | $ | 421,647 | | Sterigenics | $ | 159,997 | | | $ | 149,462 | |
Nordion | Nordion | 35,071 | | | 28,768 | | | 119,551 | | | 103,811 | | Nordion | 8,551 | | | 34,002 | |
Nelson Labs | Nelson Labs | 55,910 | | | 52,082 | | | 167,569 | | | 164,771 | | Nelson Labs | 52,042 | | | 53,290 | |
Total net revenues | Total net revenues | $ | 248,704 | | | $ | 226,164 | | | $ | 752,097 | | | $ | 690,229 | | Total net revenues | $ | 220,590 | | | $ | 236,754 | |
Segment income(b) | Segment income(b) | | | | | | | | Segment income(b) | | | |
Sterigenics | Sterigenics | $ | 85,587 | | | $ | 79,344 | | | $ | 250,088 | | | $ | 227,374 | | Sterigenics | $ | 82,840 | | | $ | 79,403 | |
Nordion | Nordion | 20,294 | | | 16,331 | | | 69,179 | | | 61,285 | | Nordion | 1,526 | | | 18,903 | |
Nelson Labs | Nelson Labs | 19,271 | | | 20,999 | | | 57,369 | | | 67,895 | | Nelson Labs | 14,102 | | | 17,043 | |
Total segment income | Total segment income | $ | 125,152 | | | $ | 116,674 | | | $ | 376,636 | | | $ | 356,554 | | Total segment income | $ | 98,468 | | | $ | 115,349 | |
(a)Revenues are reported net of intersegment sales. Our Nordion segment recognized $7.4$2.9 million and $3.7$15.5 million in revenues from sales to our Sterigenics segment for the three months ended September 30,March 31, 2023 and 2022, and 2021, and $38.7 million and $21.2 million in revenues from sales to our Sterigenics segment for the nine months ended September 30,
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
2022 and 2021, respectively, that is not reflected in net revenues in the table above. Intersegment sales for Sterigenics and Nelson Labs are immaterial for theseboth periods.
(b)Segment income is only provided on a net basis to the chief operating decision makerdecision-maker and is reported net of intersegment profits.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Corporate operating expenses for executive management, accounting, information technology, legal, human resources, treasury, investor relations, corporate development, tax, purchasing, and marketing not directly incurred by a segment are allocated to the segments based on total net revenue. Corporate operating expenses that are directly incurred by a segment are reflected in each segment’s income.
Capital expenditures by segment for the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2023 and 2022 and 2021 were as follows:
| | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2022 | | 2021 | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | Three Months Ended March 31, |
| | | 2023 | | 2022 |
Sterigenics | Sterigenics | $ | 90,444 | | | $ | 48,552 | | Sterigenics | $ | 30,877 | | | $ | 25,221 | |
Nordion | Nordion | 12,045 | | | 7,531 | | Nordion | 10,545 | | | 7,090 | |
Nelson Labs | Nelson Labs | 8,153 | | | 4,815 | | Nelson Labs | 3,578 | | | 3,235 | |
Total capital expenditures | Total capital expenditures | $ | 110,642 | | | $ | 60,898 | | Total capital expenditures | $ | 45,000 | | | $ | 35,546 | |
Total assets and depreciation and amortization expense by segment are not readily available and are not reported separately to the chief operating decision maker.decision-maker.
A reconciliation of segment income to consolidated income before taxes is as follows:
| (thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | Three Months Ended March 31, |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2023 | | 2022 |
Segment income | Segment income | $ | 125,152 | | | $ | 116,674 | | | $ | 376,636 | | | $ | 356,554 | | Segment income | $ | 98,468 | | | $ | 115,349 | |
Less adjustments: | Less adjustments: | | Less adjustments: | |
Interest expense, net(a) | Interest expense, net(a) | 20,080 | | | 18,140 | | | 53,974 | | | 58,585 | | Interest expense, net(a) | 26,540 | | | 16,750 | |
Depreciation and amortization(b) | Depreciation and amortization(b) | 36,104 | | | 37,634 | | | 109,092 | | | 112,756 | | Depreciation and amortization(b) | 39,538 | | | 36,049 | |
Share-based compensation(c) | Share-based compensation(c) | 4,616 | | | 3,547 | | | 14,955 | | | 10,489 | | Share-based compensation(c) | 7,348 | | | 4,538 | |
| Gain on foreign currency and derivatives not designated as hedging instruments, net(d) | Gain on foreign currency and derivatives not designated as hedging instruments, net(d) | 3,194 | | | 1,881 | | | (4,788) | | | 885 | | Gain on foreign currency and derivatives not designated as hedging instruments, net(d) | 535 | | | (6,552) | |
Acquisition and divestiture related charges, net(e) | Acquisition and divestiture related charges, net(e) | 447 | | | (2,662) | | | 978 | | | (2,003) | | Acquisition and divestiture related charges, net(e) | 592 | | | (160) | |
Business optimization project expenses(f) | Business optimization project expenses(f) | 1,035 | | | 244 | | | 1,609 | | | 780 | | Business optimization project expenses(f) | 2,534 | | | 104 | |
Plant closure expenses(g) | Plant closure expenses(g) | 2,627 | | | 266 | | | 3,776 | | | 1,564 | | Plant closure expenses(g) | (895) | | | 671 | |
Impairment of investment in unconsolidated affiliate(h) | — | | | — | | | 9,613 | | | — | | |
Loss on extinguishment of debt(i) | — | | | 6,365 | | | — | | | 20,677 | | |
Professional services relating to EO sterilization facilities(j) | 14,501 | | | 9,449 | | | 50,238 | | | 33,492 | | |
Accretion of asset retirement obligation(k) | 526 | | | 598 | | | 1,644 | | | 1,751 | | |
COVID-19 expenses(l) | 6 | | | 109 | | | 154 | | | 596 | | |
Professional services and other expenses relating to EO sterilization facilities(h) | | Professional services and other expenses relating to EO sterilization facilities(h) | 16,302 | | | 18,059 | |
Accretion of asset retirement obligation(i) | | Accretion of asset retirement obligation(i) | 572 | | | 520 | |
COVID-19 expenses(j) | | COVID-19 expenses(j) | — | | | 103 | |
Consolidated income before taxes | Consolidated income before taxes | $ | 42,016 | | | $ | 41,103 | | | $ | 135,391 | | | $ | 116,982 | | Consolidated income before taxes | $ | 5,402 | | | $ | 45,267 | |
(a)The three and nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2023 excludes $2.3 million of interest expense, net on Term Loan B attributable to the loan proceeds that were used to fund the $408.0 million Illinois EO litigation settlement. The three months ended March 31, 2022 excludes $3.3a $6.3 million net increase in the fair value of unrealized loss and $6.1 million of unrealized gain, respectively, on interest rate derivatives not designated as hedging instruments.instruments recorded to interest expense.
(b)Includes depreciation of Co-60 held at gamma irradiation sites.
(c)Represents non-cash share-based compensation expense.expense to employees and Non-Employee Directors.
(d)Represents the effects of (i) fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, (ii) non-cash mark-to-fair value of embedded derivatives relating to certain customer and supply contracts at Nordion, and (iii) unrealized gains and losses on interest rate caps not designated as hedging instruments.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(e)Represents (i) certain direct and incremental costs related to the acquisitions of RCA the noncontrolling interests in our China subsidiaries,and BioScience Labs in 2021, the first quarter 2021 gain on the mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interest in Nelson Labs Fairfield (as described in Note 4, “Acquisitions”), and certain related integration efforts as a result of those acquisitions, (ii) the earnings impact of fair value adjustments (excluding those recognized within amortization expense) resulting from the businesses acquired, and (iii) transition services income and non-cash deferred lease income associated with the terms of the divestiture of the Medical Isotopes business in 2018, and (iv) a $3.4 million gain recognized in the third quarter of 2021 related to the settlement of an insurance claim for Nordion that existed at the time of our acquisition of the business in 2014.2018.
(f)Represents professional fees, contract termination and exit costs, severance and other payroll costs, and other costs associated with business optimization and cost savings projects relating to the integration of recent acquisitions, operating structure realignment and other process enhancement projects.
Sotera Health Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(g)Represents decommissioning costs, professional fees, severance and other payroll costs, and other costs, including ongoing lease and utility expenses associated with the closure of the Willowbrook, Illinois facility.
(h)Represents an impairment charge on our equity method investment in The three months ended March 31, 2023 includes a joint venture. Refer to Note 1, “Basis of Presentation”.
(i)Represents expenses incurred$1.0 million cancellation fee received from a tenant in connection with the repricingtermination of our Term Loan in January 2021 and full redemption ofan office space lease at the First Lien Notes in August 2021, including a prepayment premium and accelerated amortization of prior debt issuance and discount costs.Nordion facility.
(j)(h)Represents litigation and other professional fees associated with our EO sterilization facilities. This amount also includes $2.3 million of interest expense, net associated with Term Loan B that was issued to finance the $408.0 million cost to settle 880+ pending and threatened EO claims against the Settling Defendants in Illinois under Settlement Agreements entered into on March 28, 2023, subject to substantially all of the plaintiffs providing opt-in consents to their individual settlement allocations and dismissing their claims with prejudice. See Note 16,15, “Commitments and Contingencies”.
(k)(i)Represents non-cash accretion of asset retirement obligations related to gammaCo-60 and EOgamma processing facilities, which are based on estimated site remediation costs for any future decommissioning of these facilities (without regard for whether the decommissioning services would be performed by employees of Nordion, instead of by a third party) and are accreted over the life of the asset.
(l)(j)Represents non-recurring costs associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, including incremental costs to implement workplace health and safety measures.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
You should read the following discussion and analysis in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as the audited consolidated financial statements and notes and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in our 20212022 Form 10-K. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that are based on management’s current expectations, estimates and projections about our business and operations. Our actual results may differ materially from those currently anticipated and expressed in such forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including the factors we describe in the section entitled Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our 20212022 Form 10-K.
OVERVIEW
We are a leading global provider of mission-critical end-to-end sterilization solutions, lab testing and advisory services for the healthcare industry. We are driven by our mission: Safeguarding Global Health®. We provide end-to-end sterilization as well as microbiological and analytical lab testing and advisory services to help ensure that medical, pharmaceutical and food products are safe for healthcare practitioners, patients and consumers in the United States and around the world. Our services are an essential aspect of our customers’ manufacturing process and supply chains, helping to ensure sterilized medical products reach healthcare practitioners and patients. Most of these services are necessary for our customers to satisfy applicable government requirements.
We serve our customers throughout their product lifecycles, from product design to manufacturing and delivery, helping to ensure the sterility, effectiveness and safety of their products for the end user. We operate across two core businesses: sterilization services and lab services. The combination of Sterigenics, our terminal sterilization business, and Nordion, our Co-60 supply business, makes us the only vertically integrated global gamma sterilization provider in the sterilization industry. For financial reporting purposes, our sterilization services business consists of two reportable segments, Sterigenics and Nordion, and our lab services business consists of one reportable segment, Nelson Labs.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively,March 31, 2023, we recorded net revenues of $248.7 million and $752.1$220.6 million, net income of $25.1 million and $86.1$2.8 million, Adjusted Net Income of $64.5 million and $200.6$38.0 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $125.2 million and $376.6$98.5 million. For the definition of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA and the reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures from net income, please see “Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”
STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENTS AND KEY FACTORS AFFECTING OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following summarizes strategic developments and key factors that have impacted our operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023 and may continue to affect our performance and financial condition in future periods.
•Business and market conditions. DuringRevenue and net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022,March 31, 2023 declined from the same quarter of the prior year, mainly driven by expected Nordion Co-60 harvest schedule timing, an unfavorable mix and lower volumes at Sterigenics and Nordion continued to see sustained demand for sterilization services. Nelson Labs’ net revenues increasedLabs that are typically experienced in the thirdfirst quarter of 2022 comparedthe fiscal year. We expect Nordion Co-60 harvest schedules to be uneven for the third quarterremainder of 2021; however, slower than expected growth2023 and the financial contribution from Sterigenics and Nelson Labs to increase for the remainder of certain laboratory testing categories combined with customer driven delays impacted Nelson Labs’ growth. Overall, we continue to face ongoing macroeconomic pressures, particularly related to inflation, including energy and labor costs, as well as fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. 2023.
As discussed in more detail in our most recent2022 Form 10-K, a portion of our supply of Co-60 is generated by Russian nuclear reactors. We continue to monitor the potential for disruption in the supply of Co-60 from Russian nuclear reactors andbut we do not expect noa material impact in 2022for the remainder of 2023 on our supply or revenue.
•Investment initiatives. We continue to make significantremain focused on investments in capacity expansions and facility improvements, as well as in our efforts to strengthen our Co-60 supply chain. For the ninethree months ended September 30, 2022,March 31, 2023, we increased capital expenditures increased by $49.7$9.5 million compared to the ninethree months ended September 30, 2021.March 31, 2022.
•Disciplined and strategic M&A activityactivity.. We remain committed to our highly disciplined acquisition strategy and continue to seek suitable acquisition targets. On November 4, 2021, we acquired Regulatory Compliance Associates Inc. (“RCA”) headquartered in Pleasant Prairie, Wisconsin. RCA is an industry leader in providing life sciences consulting focused on quality, regulatory, and technical consulting for the pharmaceutical, medical device and combination device industries. RCA expands and strengthens the technical consulting and expert advisory capabilities of Nelson Labs. On March 8, 2021, we acquired BioScience Laboratories, LLC (“BioScience Labs”) based in Bozeman, Montana, bringing expertise in antimicrobial and virology testing to our Nelson Labs segment.
•Litigation costs. We are currently the subject of tort lawsuits alleging personal injury by purported exposure to EO emitted by our former facility in Willowbrook, Illinois and current facilities in Atlanta, Georgia and Santa Teresa, New Mexico. In addition, we are defendants in a lawsuit brought by the State of New Mexico Attorney General alleging that emissions of EO from our Santa Teresa facility constitute a public nuisance and materially contributed to increased health risks suffered by residents in the area. We maintain that our former Willowbrook, Illinois operations and current Atlanta, Georgia and Santa Teresa, New Mexico operations did not pose and do not pose any safety risk to their surrounding communities. We deny these allegations and are vigorously defending against these claims.
In connection with the ongoing litigation related to our Willowbrook, Illinois, Atlanta, Georgia and Santa Teresa, New Mexico facilities, as described in Note 16,15, “Commitments and Contingencies”, we recorded costs of $14.5 million and $50.2$14.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. Insurance coverage has been available for some of our ethylene oxide (“EO”) tort litigation claims. As of September 30, 2022 we have approximately $2.5 million of such coverage remaining. Our insurance for future alleged environmental liabilities excludes coverage for EO claims.March 31, 2023.
In addition, we are pursuing other insurance coverage for our legal expenses related to the EO tort litigation. In 2021,On January 9, 2023, Sterigenics U.S., LLC filed an insurance coverage lawsuitand Sotera Health LLC (the "Settling Defendants") entered into binding term sheets and on March 28, 2023 the Settling Defendants entered into full agreements to settle approximately 880 pending and threatened EO claims against the Defendant Subsidiaries in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois, and U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois relating(the “Settlement Agreements”). On May 1, 2023, pursuant to two commercialthe Settlement Agreements, the Company paid $408.0 million into a settlement escrow fund to settle the claims, subject to the satisfaction or waiver of certain conditions, including but not limited to substantially all of the plaintiffs providing opt-in consents to their individual settlement allocations and dismissing their claims with prejudice. The Settlement Agreements provide a pathway to comprehensively resolve the claims pending and threatened against the Company in Illinois and thereby enable the Company to focus its attention on operating the business. The Company denies any liability and maintains that its Willowbrook, Illinois operations did not pose a safety risk to the community in which it operated and believes the evidence ultimately would have compelled the rejection of the plaintiffs’ claims. See Note 15, “Commitments and Contingencies” to our consolidated financial statements.
•Borrowings, financing costs and financial leverage. On February 23, 2023 the Company successfully closed on a new senior secured Term Loan B facility in an aggregate principal amount of $500.0 million. The Company used the proceeds of this debt to pay down existing borrowings under the Company’s revolving credit facility and fund the $408.0 million EO litigation settlement in Cook County, Illinois. In addition, the Company plans to use the remaining proceeds to further enhance liquidity and for other general liability policies issuedcorporate purposes.
On March 21, 2023, the Company also entered into an Incremental Facility Amendment to the First Lien Credit Agreement ("Revolving Credit Facility Amendment"), which provides for an increase in the 1980s. On August 3, 2022,commitments under the Court issued a Memorandum Opinion and Order concluding thatexisting revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $76.3 million. The Revolving Credit Facility Amendment also provides additional commitments for the insurance company owes Sterigenics U.S., LLC and another party a dutyissuance of letters of credit under the Revolving Credit Facility in an aggregate principal amount of $165.1 million. After giving effect to defend the Willowbrook, Illinois litigation, which may allow us to recover defense costs related to that litigation.
On September 19, 2022 a jury rendered a verdict in favorRevolving Credit Facility Amendment, the aggregate amount of the plaintiff in the first EO tort litigation trial in Illinois. We intend to vigorously challenge the judgment through all appropriate post-trial motions and appeal processes. The payment of any damages in this matterrevolving commitments is expected to be stayed pending resolution of the post-trial and appeals processes. Refer to Note 16, “Commitments and Contingencies”, and Part II Item 1A. Risk Factors in this report.$423.8 million.
CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023, as compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2021March 31, 2022
The following table sets forth the components of our results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023 and 2021.2022:
| (thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2022 | | 2021 | | $ Change | | % Change | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2023 | | 2022 | | $ Change | | % Change |
| Total net revenues | Total net revenues | $ | 248,704 | | | $ | 226,164 | | | $ | 22,540 | | | 10.0 | % | Total net revenues | $ | 220,590 | | | $ | 236,754 | | | $ | (16,164) | | | (6.8) | % |
Total cost of revenues | Total cost of revenues | 112,691 | | | 100,578 | | | 12,113 | | | 12.0 | % | Total cost of revenues | 109,087 | | | 107,879 | | | 1,208 | | | 1.1 | % |
Total operating expenses | Total operating expenses | 72,818 | | | 59,915 | | | 12,903 | | | 21.5 | % | Total operating expenses | 78,137 | | | 75,383 | | | 2,754 | | | 3.7 | % |
Operating income | Operating income | 63,195 | | | 65,671 | | | (2,476) | | | (3.8) | % | Operating income | 33,366 | | | 53,492 | | | (20,126) | | | (37.6) | % |
Net income | Net income | 25,090 | | | 27,444 | | | (2,354) | | | (8.6) | % | Net income | 2,842 | | | 30,641 | | | (27,799) | | | (90.7) | % |
Adjusted Net Income(a) | Adjusted Net Income(a) | 64,508 | | | 58,704 | | | 5,804 | | | 9.9 | % | Adjusted Net Income(a) | 38,045 | | | 60,254 | | | (22,209) | | | (36.9) | % |
Adjusted EBITDA(a) | Adjusted EBITDA(a) | 125,152 | | | 116,674 | | | 8,478 | | | 7.3 | % | Adjusted EBITDA(a) | 98,468 | | | 115,349 | | | (16,881) | | | (14.6) | % |
(a)Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP financial measures. For more information regarding our calculation of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, including information about their limitations as tools for analysis and a reconciliation of net income, the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, to Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, please see the reconciliation included below in “Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”
Total Net Revenues
The following table compares our revenues by type for the three months ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023 to the three months ended September 30, 2021.March 31, 2022:
| (thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | |
Net revenues for the three months ended September 30, | 2022 | | 2021 | | $ Change | | % Change | |
Net revenues for the three months ended March 31, | | Net revenues for the three months ended March 31, | 2023 | | 2022 | | $ Change | | % Change |
| Service | Service | $ | 216,704 | | | $ | 200,499 | | | $ | 16,205 | | | 8.1 | % | Service | $ | 214,510 | | | $ | 206,218 | | | $ | 8,292 | | | 4.0 | % |
Product | Product | 32,000 | | | 25,665 | | | 6,335 | | | 24.7 | % | Product | 6,080 | | | 30,536 | | | (24,456) | | | (80.1) | % |
Total net revenues | Total net revenues | $ | 248,704 | | | $ | 226,164 | | | $ | 22,540 | | | 10.0 | % | Total net revenues | $ | 220,590 | | | $ | 236,754 | | | $ | (16,164) | | | (6.8) | % |
Net revenues were $248.7$220.6 million in the three months ended September 30, 2022, an increaseMarch 31, 2023, a decrease of $22.5$16.2 million, or 10.0%6.8%, as compared with the three months ended September 30, 2021.March 31, 2022. Excluding the impact of foreign currency exchange rates, net revenues in the three months ended September 30, 2022 increasedMarch 31, 2023 decreased approximately 13.2%5.3% compared with the same period in the three months ended September 30, 2021.
Service revenues
Service revenues increased $16.2$8.3 million, or 8.1%4.0%, to $216.7$214.5 million infor the three months ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023, as compared to $200.5$206.2 million infor the three months ended September 30, 2021.March 31, 2022. The increasegrowth in net service revenuerevenues was driven by favorable pricing of $8.8$9.2 million and $3.3$2.1 million in the Sterigenics and Nelson Labs segments, respectively, and $8.3 million of sales volume growth in the Sterigenics segment. Our Nelson Labs recent acquisition contributed $3.0respectively. $2.9 million of service revenue growth was attributable to volume and mix in the Sterigenics segment. Partially offsetting these growth factors was a decline in service revenue volume of $2.8 million and $0.8 million in the Nelson Labs segment. Service revenue growth was partially offset bysegment and Nordion segment, respectively, coupled with a $6.5$2.3 million unfavorable impact from changes in foreign currency exchange rates across all segments.
Product revenues
Product revenues increased $6.3decreased $24.5 million, or 24.7%80.1%, to $32.0$6.1 million infor the three months ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023, as compared to $25.7$30.5 million infor the three months ended September 30, 2021.March 31, 2022. The increasedecrease in product revenues was attributablemainly driven by expected volume decline and mix due to volume growth of $5.1 millionCo-60 harvest schedule timing in the Nordion segment and favorable pricing of $2.0 million, partially offset by a $0.8 millionan unfavorable impact from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.rates of $1.3 million.
Total Cost of Revenues
The following table compares our cost of revenues by type for the three months ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023 to the three months ended September 30, 2021.March 31, 2022:
| (thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | |
Cost of revenues for the three months ended September 30, | 2022 | | 2021 | | $ Change | | % Change | |
Cost of revenues for the three months ended March 31, | | Cost of revenues for the three months ended March 31, | 2023 | | 2022 | | $ Change | | % Change |
| Service | Service | $ | 99,772 | | | $ | 88,349 | | | $ | 11,423 | | | 12.9 | % | Service | $ | 104,210 | | | $ | 94,576 | | | $ | 9,634 | | | 10.2 | % |
Product | Product | 12,919 | | | 12,229 | | | 690 | | | 5.6 | % | Product | 4,877 | | | 13,303 | | | (8,426) | | | (63.3) | % |
Total cost of revenues | Total cost of revenues | $ | 112,691 | | | $ | 100,578 | | | $ | 12,113 | | | 12.0 | % | Total cost of revenues | $ | 109,087 | | | $ | 107,879 | | | $ | 1,208 | | | 1.1 | % |
Total cost of revenues accounted for approximately 45.3%49.5% and 44.5%45.6% of our consolidated net revenues for the three months ended September 30,March 31, 2023 and 2022, and 2021, respectively.
Cost of service revenues
Cost of service revenues increased $11.4$9.6 million, or 12.9%10.2%, for the three months ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021.March 31, 2022. The increase was correlated with the expansion in sales volumes growth predominately in the Sterigenics segment, as well as increased costs arising from inflationary pressures, which were most notable on labor and energy costs. Our Nelson Labs recent acquisition accounted for $2.2 million of the increase. Additionally, increased staffing in anticipation of incremental volume in the Nelson Labs segment contributed to the increase in cost of service revenues.revenues was partially driven by $5.1 million of higher energy costs and depreciation related to capital assets recently placed in service. In addition, cost of service revenue increased by $4.1 million as a result of higher labor costs, largely stemming from both the addition of new personnel and higher compensation costs. Partially offsetting the increasethese factors was a $3.4$1.3 million favorable impact from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
Cost of product revenues
Cost of product revenues increased $0.7decreased $8.4 million, or 5.6%63.3%, for the three months ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021.March 31, 2022. The increase principally reflects incrementaldecrease was primarily a result of lower direct material and material transportation costs due to product mix, offset by impactsof $7.0 million coupled with an $0.8 million impact from changes in foreign currency exchangesexchange rates.
Operating Expenses
The following table compares our operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023 to the three months ended September 30, 2021:March 31, 2022:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | | | | | | | |
Operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, | 2022 | | 2021 | | $ Change | | % Change |
| | | | | | | |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | $ | 57,091 | | | $ | 44,038 | | | $ | 13,053 | | | 29.6 | % |
Amortization of intangible assets | 15,727 | | | 15,877 | | | (150) | | | (0.9) | % |
| | | | | | | |
Total operating expenses | $ | 72,818 | | | $ | 59,915 | | | $ | 12,903 | | | 21.5 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | | | | | | | |
Operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, | 2023 | | 2022 | | $ Change | | % Change |
| | | | | | | |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | $ | 61,910 | | | $ | 59,542 | | | $ | 2,368 | | | 4.0 | % |
Amortization of intangible assets | 16,227 | | | 15,841 | | | 386 | | | 2.4 | % |
| | | | | | | |
Total operating expenses | $ | 78,137 | | | $ | 75,383 | | | $ | 2,754 | | | 3.7 | % |
Operating expenses accounted for approximately 29.3%35.4% and 26.5%31.8% of our consolidated net revenues for the three months ended September 30,March 31, 2023 and 2022, and 2021, respectively.
SG&A
SG&A increased $13.1$2.4 million, or 29.6%4.0%, for the three months ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021.March 31, 2022. The increase was largely driven primarily by the following:
•$5.12.8 million increase in share-based compensation expense attributable to awards granted under the 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan;
•$1.5 million in professional services fees largely related to business optimization projects;
•$1.0 million increase in business travel and management meetings costs; and
•$0.9 million in facility integration efforts mainly in connection with Nelson Labs' recent acquisitions.
Partially offsetting these factors was a $4.0 million decrease in litigation and other professional services expense associated with EO sterilization facilities;
•$2.5 million increase in selling and administrative personnel in support of the growth and enhancement of our business; and
•$1.1 million increase in share-based compensation expense related to our 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan.
In addition, in the three months ended September 30, 2021, we recorded a $3.4 million favorable settlement related to an insurance claim for Nordion which did not recur in 2022.facilities.
Amortization of intangible assets
Amortization of intangible assets was $15.7decreased $0.4 million, or 2.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2022, representing a decrease of 0.9% fromMarch 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021. The change wasMarch 31, 2022 due mainly to a reduction in amortization expense related to certain intangible assets that were fully amortized by December 31, 2021 combined with changes in foreign currency exchange rates, partially offset by additional amortization expense for intangible assets acquired in connection with the RCA acquisition.rates.
Interest Expense, Net
Interest expense, net increased $5.3$18.5 million, or 29.1%177.5%, for the three months ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021. InterestMarch 31, 2022. The variance was driven by an increase in the variable interest rate driving increased interest expense increased $6.4of $16.8 million on borrowings previously outstanding in the same period of the prior year coupled with interest expense of $6.6 million on incremental borrowings. In addition, we recorded a $6.3 million reduction to interest expense attributable to a higher weighted averagethe favorable change in fair value of interest rate forderivatives not designated as hedging instruments in the three months ended September 30,first quarter of 2022 as comparedthat did not recur in the first quarter of 2023. Partially offsetting this increase was a $9.5 million reduction to the three months ended September 30, 2021.interest expense attributable to favorable settlements on interest rate cap contracts and a $2.6 million increase in interest income on cash and cash equivalents on deposit at financial institutions. The weighted average interest rate on our outstanding debt was 5.87%7.85% and 3.25% at September 30,March 31, 2023 and 2022, and 2021, respectively. The increase was partially offset by the change in fair value and quarterly settlement of interest rate caps not designated as hedging instruments which totaled $1.1 million in the third quarter of 2022.
Foreign Exchange (Gain) Loss
Foreign exchange gainloss was $0.5$0.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 asMarch 31, 2023 compared to a loss of $0.8 million infor the three months ended September 30, 2021.March 31, 2022. The change in foreign exchange (gain) loss in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) mainly relates to short-term losses (offset by short-term gains) on sales denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of our operating entities. As described in Note 17,16, “Financial Instruments and Financial Risk”, we enter into monthly U.S. dollar-denominated foreign currency forward contracts to manage foreign currency exchange rate risk of our intercompany loans in certain ofrelated to our international subsidiaries.
Other Income, Net
Other income, net was $1.7$1.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023 compared to $0.7$3.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021.March 31, 2022. The fluctuation was mainly driven by changesmajority of the variance stemmed from a decrease in the fair value of theNordion’s embedded derivativesderivative assets in Nordion’s contracts. We recorded an unrealized loss on embedded derivatives of $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to $1.2March 31, 2023, resulting in a decrease in other income of $1.3 million forfrom the three months ended September 30, 2021.March 31, 2022.
Provision for Income Taxes
Provision for income tax increased $3.3taxes decreased $12.1 million to a net provision of $16.9$2.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023, as compared to $13.7 million in the three months ended September 30, 2021. The change was partially attributable to pre-tax income of $42.0 million in the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to pretax income of $41.1$14.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 andMarch 31, 2022. The change was primarily attributable to lower pre-tax income for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, partially offset by an increase in the valuation allowance related to the limitation on the deductibility ofagainst our excess interest expense carryforward balance and the impairment of an investmentforeign rate differential. The increase in a joint venture. In addition, income tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2021 was lower due to a discrete item that reversed the valuation allowance was a direct result of the $408.0 million Illinois EO litigation settlement, which was paid into a settlement escrow fund on deferred tax assets related to certain asset retirement obligations.May 1, 2023. This expense will eliminate a current deduction of 2023 U.S. interest and increases the valuation allowance against our excess interest expense carryforward balance.
Provision for income taxes for the three months ended September 30,March 31, 2023 differed from the statutory rate primarily due to an increase in the partial valuation allowance against our excess interest expense carryforward balance, the impact of the foreign rate differential and non-deductible compensation expense. Provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2022 differed from the statutory rate primarily due to an increase in the partial valuation allowance against our excess interest expense carryforward balance, the impact of the foreign rate differential, and income tax on global intangible low-tax incomeGlobal Intangible Low Taxed Income (“GILTI”). Provision for income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2021 differed from the statutory rate
primarily due to the foreign rate differential, GILTI, and a net increase in the valuation allowance attributable to the limitation on the deductibility of interest expense.
Net Income, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA
Net income for the three months ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023 was $25.1$2.8 million, as compared to net income of $27.4$30.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021.March 31, 2022. Adjusted Net Income was $64.5$38.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022,March 31, 2023, as compared to $58.7$60.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021,March 31, 2022, due to the factors described above. Adjusted EBITDA was $125.2$98.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022,March 31, 2023, as compared to $116.7$115.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021, due to the factors described above. Please see “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below for a reconciliation of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA to their most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.
Nine Months Ended September 30,March 31, 2022, as compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
The following table sets forth the components of our results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2022 | | 2021 | | $ Change | | % Change |
| | | | | | | |
Total net revenues | $ | 752,097 | | | $ | 690,229 | | | $ | 61,868 | | | 9.0 | % |
Total cost of revenues | 336,813 | | | 305,510 | | | 31,303 | | | 10.2 | % |
Total operating expenses | 227,102 | | | 194,412 | | | 32,690 | | | 16.8 | % |
Operating income | 188,182 | | | 190,307 | | | (2,125) | | | (1.1) | % |
Net income | 86,149 | | | 81,124 | | | 5,025 | | | 6.2 | % |
Adjusted Net Income(a) | 200,587 | | | 181,882 | | | 18,705 | | | 10.3 | % |
Adjusted EBITDA(a) | 376,636 | | | 356,554 | | | 20,082 | | | 5.6 | % |
(a)Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP financial measures. For more information regarding our calculation of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, including information about their limitations as tools for analysis and a reconciliation of net income, the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, to Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, please see the reconciliation included below in “Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”
Total Net Revenues
The following table compares our revenues by type for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 to the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | | | | | | | |
Net revenues for the nine months ended September 30, | 2022 | | 2021 | | $ Change | | % Change |
| | | | | | | |
Service | $ | 644,451 | | | $ | 597,907 | | | $ | 46,544 | | | 7.8 | % |
Product | 107,646 | | | 92,322 | | | 15,324 | | | 16.6 | % |
Total net revenues | $ | 752,097 | | | $ | 690,229 | | | $ | 61,868 | | | 9.0 | % |
Net revenues were $752.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2022, an increase of $61.9 million, or 9.0%, as compared with the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Excluding the impact of foreign currency exchange rates, net revenues in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 increased approximately 11.3% compared with the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
Service revenues
Service revenues increased $46.5 million, or 7.8%, to $644.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to $597.9 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The growth in net service revenues was driven by sales volume growth of $28.5 million in the Sterigenics segment and favorable pricing of $24.7 million and $8.8 million in the Sterigenics and Nelson Labs segments, respectively. Our recent Nelson Labs acquisitions contributed $11.0 million to service revenue. Partially offsetting these factors was an overall decline of $10.8 million in pandemic-related testing revenue as well as
a decrease in volumes in other testing categories in the Nelson Labs segment. Service revenue growth was offset by a $14.3 million unfavorable impact from changes in foreign currency exchange rates across all segments.
Product revenues
Product revenues increased $15.3 million, or 16.6%, to $107.6 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to $92.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The expansion in product revenues was attributable to sales volume growth of $10.5 million coupled with $6.8 million from favorable pricing in our Nordion segment. Partially offsetting this increase was a $2.0 million unfavorable impact from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
Total Cost of Revenues
The following table compares our cost of revenues by type for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 to the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | | | | | | | |
Cost of revenues for the nine months ended September 30, | 2022 | | 2021 | | $ Change | | % Change |
| | | | | | | |
Service | $ | 292,755 | | | $ | 264,776 | | | $ | 27,979 | | | 10.6 | % |
Product | 44,058 | | | 40,734 | | | 3,324 | | | 8.2 | % |
Total cost of revenues | $ | 336,813 | | | $ | 305,510 | | | $ | 31,303 | | | 10.2 | % |
Total cost of revenues accounted for approximately 44.8% and 44.3% of our consolidated net revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Cost of service revenues
Cost of service revenues increased $28.0 million, or 10.6%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The increase was attributable to approximately $21.7 million of increased costs arising from the expansion in sales volumes growth, predominately in the Sterigenics segment, as well as inflationary pressures, most notably on labor and energy costs. Cost of service revenues was also impacted by incremental costs of $8.1 million from our recent Nelson Labs acquisitions and increased staffing in anticipation of incremental volume in the Nelson Labs segment. Partially offsetting this increase was a $6.9 million impact from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
Cost of product revenues
Cost of product revenues increased $3.3 million, or 8.2%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The increase reflects incremental costs due to product mix, partially offset by a favorable impact from changes in foreign currency exchanges rates.
Operating Expenses
The following table compares our operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 to the nine months ended September 30, 2021:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | | | | | | | |
Operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, | 2022 | | 2021 | | $ Change | | % Change |
| | | | | | | |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | $ | 179,765 | | | $ | 146,331 | | | $ | 33,434 | | | 22.8 | % |
Amortization of intangible assets | 47,337 | | | 48,081 | | | (744) | | | (1.5) | % |
| | | | | | | |
Total operating expenses | $ | 227,102 | | | $ | 194,412 | | | $ | 32,690 | | | 16.8 | % |
Operating expenses accounted for approximately 30.2% and 28.2% of our consolidated net revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
SG&A
SG&A increased $33.4 million, or 22.8%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The increase was driven primarily by the following:
•$16.7 million increase in litigation and other professional services expense associated with EO sterilization facilities;
•$6.5 million increase in selling and administrative personnel in support of the growth and enhancement of our business; and
•$4.5 million increase in share-based compensation expense related to our 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan.
In addition, during the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we recorded a $3.4 million favorable settlement related to an insurance claim for Nordion, which did not recur in 2022.
Amortization of intangible assets
Amortization of intangible assets was $47.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, or 1.5% below the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The change was due mainly to a reduction in amortization expense related to certain intangible assets that were fully amortized by December 31, 2021 combined with changes in foreign currency exchange rates, partially offset by additional amortization expense for intangible assets acquired in connection with the RCA acquisition.
Interest Expense, Net
Interest expense, net decreased $10.7 million, or 18.3%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The decrease was driven by an $11.9 million reduction to interest expense attributable to the favorable change in fair value and quarterly settlement of interest rate caps not designated as hedging instruments. Offsetting this decline was a $1.1 million net increase in interest expense on our outstanding borrowings due to the steady rise in the LIBOR benchmark interest rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The weighted average interest rate on our outstanding debt was 5.87% and 3.25% at September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Impairment of Investment in Unconsolidated Affiliate
During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recorded an impairment charge of $9.6 million related to a joint venture investment, which was acquired as part of the 2020 Iotron acquisition. Due to a shift in business strategy, the joint venture will not proceed, and our joint venture partner will continue to rely on our other existing operating facilities. Based on these facts and circumstances, we concluded that the investment was impaired as of June 30, 2022.
Foreign Exchange (Gain) Loss
Foreign exchange gain was $0.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to a loss of $1.4 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The change in foreign exchange (gain) loss in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) mainly relates to short-term losses (offset by short-term gains) on sales denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of our operating entities. As described in Note 17, “Financial Instruments and Financial Risk” we enter into monthly U.S. dollar-denominated foreign currency forward contracts to manage foreign currency exchange rate risk of our intercompany loans in certain of our international subsidiaries.
Other Income, Net
Other income, net decreased $3.2 million, or 42.9%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The fluctuation was mainly driven by an unfavorable change in the fair value of the embedded derivatives in Nordion’s purchase contracts. We recorded an unrealized loss on embedded derivatives of $1.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to a $0.4 million gain for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. In addition, we recorded $1.2 million of other income related to the gain on our purchase of the 15% mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interest of Nelson Labs Fairfield in the second quarter of 2021 as compared to the amount previously accrued.
Provision for Income Taxes
Provision for income tax increased $13.4 million to a net provision of $49.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to $35.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The change was attributable to pre-tax income of $135.4 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to pretax income of $117.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and an increase in the valuation allowance related to the limitation on the deductibility of interest expense and the impairment of an investment in a joint venture.
Provision for income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 differed from the statutory rate primarily due to a net increase in the valuation allowance, the impact of the foreign rate differential and GILTI. Income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 differed from the statutory rate primarily due to the impact of the foreign rate differential, GILTI, a net increase in the interest expense valuation allowance, and a discrete item pertaining to an income tax rate change in the United Kingdom. This was partially offset by a discrete item that reversed the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets related to certain asset retirement obligations.
Net Income, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA
Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $86.1 million, as compared to net income of $81.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Adjusted Net Income was $200.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, as compared to $181.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, due to the factors described above. Adjusted EBITDA was $376.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, as compared to $356.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, due to the factors described above. Please see “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below for a reconciliation of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA to their most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.
NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
To supplement our consolidated financial statements presented in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”),GAAP, we consider Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, financial measures that are not based on any standardized methodology prescribed by GAAP.
We define Adjusted Net Income as net income before amortization and certain other adjustments that we do not consider in our evaluation of our ongoing operating performance from period to period as discussed further below. We define Adjusted EBITDA as Adjusted Net Income before interest expense, depreciation (including depreciation of Co-60 used in our operations) and income tax provision applicable to Adjusted Net Income.
We use Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, non-GAAP financial measures, as the principal measures of our operating performance. Management believes Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA are useful because they allow management to more effectively evaluate our operating performance and compare the results of our operations from period to period without the impact of certain non-cash items and non-routine items that we do not expect to continue at the same level in the future and other items that are not core to our operations. We believe that these measures are useful to our investors because they provide a more complete understanding of the factors and trends affecting our business than could be obtained absent this disclosure. In addition, we believe Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA will assist investors in making comparisons to our historical operating results and analyzing the underlying performance of our operations for the periods presented. Our management also uses Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA in theirits financial analysis and operational decision-making, and Adjusted EBITDA serves as the basis for the metric we utilize to determine attainment of our primary annual incentive program. Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA may be calculated differently from, and therefore may not be comparable to, a similarly titled measure used by other companies.
Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. There are a number of limitations related to the use of Adjusted Net Income
and Adjusted EBITDA rather than net income, the nearest GAAP equivalent. For example, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA primarily exclude:
•certain recurring non-cash charges such as depreciation of fixed assets, although these assets may have to be replaced in the future, as well as amortization of acquired intangible assets and asset retirement obligations;
•costs of acquiring and integrating businesses, which will continue to be a part of our growth strategy;
•non-cash gains or losses from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and the mark-to-fair value of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments, which includes the embedded derivatives relating to certain customer and supply contracts at Nordion;
•impairment charges on long-lived assets, intangible assets and investments accounted for under the equity method;
•loss on extinguishment of debt incurred in connection with refinancing or early extinguishment of long-term debt;
•expenses and charges related to the litigation, settlement agreements, and other activities associated with our EO sterilization facilities, including those related toin Willowbrook, Illinois, Atlanta, Georgia and Santa Teresa, New Mexico, even though that litigation remains ongoing;
•in the case of Adjusted EBITDA, interest expense or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments on our indebtedness; and
•share-based compensation expense, which has been, and will continue to be for the foreseeable future, a significant recurring expense and an important part of our compensation strategy.
In evaluating Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, you should be aware that in the future, we will incur expenses similar to the adjustments in the table below. Our presentations of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as suggesting that our future results will be unaffected by these expenses or any unusual or non-recurring items. When evaluating our performance, you should consider Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA alongside other financial performance measures, including our net income and other GAAP measures.
The following table presents a reconciliation of net income, the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP to Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA, for each of the periods indicated:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | 2021 |
Net income | $ | 25,090 | | | $ | 27,444 | | | $ | 86,149 | | | $ | 81,124 | |
Amortization of intangibles | 20,219 | | | 21,239 | | | 61,596 | | | 65,299 | |
Share-based compensation(a) | 4,616 | | | 3,547 | | | 14,955 | | | 10,489 | |
| | | | | | | |
(Gain) loss on foreign currency and embedded derivatives(b) | 3,194 | | | 1,881 | | | (4,788) | | | 885 | |
Acquisition and divestiture related charges, net(c) | 447 | | | (2,662) | | | 978 | | | (2,003) | |
Business optimization project expenses(d) | 1,035 | | | 244 | | | 1,609 | | | 780 | |
Plant closure expenses(e) | 2,627 | | | 266 | | | 3,776 | | | 1,564 | |
Impairment of investment in unconsolidated affiliate(f) | — | | | — | | | 9,613 | | | — | |
Loss on extinguishment of debt(g) | — | | | 6,365 | | | — | | | 20,677 | |
Professional services relating to EO sterilization facilities(h) | 14,501 | | | 9,449 | | | 50,238 | | | 33,492 | |
Accretion of asset retirement obligations(i) | 526 | | | 598 | | | 1,644 | | | 1,751 | |
COVID-19 expenses(j) | 6 | | | 109 | | | 154 | | | 596 | |
Income tax benefit associated with pre-tax adjustments(k) | (7,753) | | | (9,776) | | | (25,337) | | | (32,772) | |
Adjusted Net Income | 64,508 | | | 58,704 | | | 200,587 | | | 181,882 | |
Interest expense, net(l) | 20,080 | | | 18,140 | | | 53,974 | | | 58,585 | |
Depreciation(m) | 15,885 | | | 16,395 | | | 47,496 | | | 47,457 | |
Income tax provision applicable to Adjusted Net Income(n) | 24,679 | | | 23,435 | | | 74,579 | | | 68,630 | |
Adjusted EBITDA(o) | $ | 125,152 | | | $ | 116,674 | | | $ | 376,636 | | | $ | 356,554 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended March 31, |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2023 | | 2022 |
Net income | $ | 2,842 | | | $ | 30,641 | |
Amortization of intangible assets | 20,607 | | | 20,182 | |
Share-based compensation(a) | 7,348 | | | 4,538 | |
Loss (gain) on foreign currency and derivatives not designated as hedging instruments, net(b) | 535 | | | (6,552) | |
Acquisition and divestiture related charges, net(c) | 592 | | | (160) | |
Business optimization project expenses(d) | 2,534 | | | 104 | |
Plant closure expenses(e) | (895) | | | 671 | |
Professional services and other expenses relating to EO sterilization facilities(f) | 16,302 | | | 18,059 | |
Accretion of asset retirement obligations(g) | 572 | | | 520 | |
COVID-19 expenses(h) | — | | | 103 | |
Income tax benefit associated with pre-tax adjustments(i) | (12,392) | | | (7,852) | |
Adjusted Net Income | 38,045 | | | 60,254 | |
Interest expense, net(j) | 26,540 | | | 16,750 | |
Depreciation(k) | 18,931 | | | 15,867 | |
Income tax provision applicable to Adjusted Net Income(l) | 14,952 | | | 22,478 | |
Adjusted EBITDA(m) | $ | 98,468 | | | $ | 115,349 | |
(a) Represents non-cash share-based compensation expense.expense to employees and Non-Employee Directors.
(b) Represents the effects of (i) fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, (ii) non-cash mark-to-fair value of embedded derivatives relating to certain customer and supply contracts at Nordion, and (iii) unrealized gains and losses on interest rate caps not designated as hedging instruments.
(c) Represents (i) certain direct and incremental costs related to the acquisitions of RCA the noncontrolling interests in our China subsidiaries,and BioScience Labs in 2021, the first quarter 2021 gain on the mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interest in Nelson Labs Fairfield (as described in Note 4, “Acquisitions”), and certain related integration efforts as a result of those acquisitions, (ii) the earnings impact of fair value adjustments (excluding those recognized within amortization expense) resulting from the businesses acquired, and (iii) transition services
income and non-cash deferred lease income associated with the terms of the divestiture of the Medical Isotopes business in 2018, and (iv) a $3.4 million gain recognized in the third quarter of 2021 related to the settlement of an insurance claim for Nordion that existed at the time of our acquisition of the business in 2014.2018.
(d) Represents professional fees, contract termination and exit costs, severance and other payroll costs, and other costs associated with business optimization and cost savings projects relating to the integration of recent acquisitions, operating structure realignment and other process enhancement projects.
(e) Represents decommissioning costs, professional fees, severance and other payroll costs, and other costs, including ongoing lease and utility expenses associated with the closure of the Willowbrook, Illinois facility.
(f) Represents an impairment charge on our equity method investment in The three months ended March 31, 2023 includes a joint venture. Refer to Note 1, “Basis of Presentation”.
(g) Represents expenses incurred$1.0 million cancellation fee received from a tenant in connection with the repricingtermination of our Term Loan in January 2021 and full redemption ofan office space lease at the First Lien Notes in August 2021, including a prepayment premium and accelerated amortization of prior debt issuance and discount costs.Nordion facility.
(h)(f) Represents litigation and other professional fees associated with our EO sterilization facilities. This amount also includes $2.3 million of interest expense, net associated with Term Loan B that was issued to finance the $408.0 million cost to settle 880+ pending and threatened EO claims against the Settling Defendants in Illinois under Settlement Agreements entered into on March 28, 2023, subject to substantially all of the plaintiffs providing opt-in consents to their individual settlement allocations and dismissing their claims with prejudice. See Note 16,15 “Commitments and Contingencies”.
(i)(g) Represents non-cash accretion of asset retirement obligations related to gammaCo-60 and EOgamma processing facilities, which are based on estimated site remediation costs for any future decommissioning of these facilities (without regard for whether the decommissioning services would be performed by employees of Nordion, instead of by a third party) and are accreted over the life of the asset.
(j) (h) Represents non-recurring costs associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, including incremental costs to implement workplace health and safety measures.
(k) (i) Represents the income tax impact of adjustments calculated based on the tax rate applicable to each item. We eliminate the effect of tax rate changes as applied to tax assets and liabilities and unusual items from our presentation of adjusted net income.
(l) (j) The three and nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2023 excludes $2.3 million of interest expense, net on Term Loan B attributable to the loan proceeds that were used to fund the $408.0 million Illinois EO litigation settlement. The three months ended March 31, 2022 excludes $3.3a $6.3 million net increase in the fair value of unrealized loss and $6.1 million of unrealized gain, respectively, on interest rate derivatives not designated as hedging instruments.instruments recorded to interest expense.
(m)(k) Includes depreciation of Co-60 held at gamma irradiation sites.
(n)(l) Represents the difference between the income tax provision or benefit as determined under U.S. GAAP and the income tax provision or benefit associated with pre-tax adjustments described in footnote (k)(i).
(o) $22.1(m) $22.9 million and $20.8$19.8 million of the adjustments for the three months ended September 30,March 31, 2023 and 2022, and 2021, respectively, and $62.8 million and $63.3 million of the adjustments for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, are included in cost of revenues, primarily consisting of amortization of intangible assets, depreciation, and accretion of asset retirement obligations.
SEGMENT RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
We have three reportable segments: Sterigenics, Nordion and Nelson Labs. Our chief operating decision makerdecision-maker evaluates performance and allocates resources within our business based on Segment Income,segment income, which excludes certain items which are included in income before tax as determined in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).Income. The accounting policies for our reportable segments are the same as those for the consolidated Company.
Our Segments
Sterigenics
Our Sterigenics business provides outsourced terminal sterilization and irradiation services for the medical device, pharmaceutical, food safety and advanced applications markets using three major technologies: gamma irradiation, EO processing and E-beam irradiation.
Nordion
Nordion is a leading global provider of Co-60 used in the sterilization and irradiation processes for the medical device, pharmaceutical, food safety, and high-performance materials industries, as well as in the treatment of cancer. In addition, Nordion is a leading global provider of gamma irradiation systems.
As a result of the time required to meet regulatory and logistics requirements for delivery of radioactive products, combined with accommodations made to our customers to minimize disruptions to their operations during the installation of Co-60,
Nordion sales patterns can often vary significantly from one quarter to the next. However, timing-related impacts on our sales performance tend to be resolved within several quarters, resulting in more consistent performance over longer periods of time. In addition, sales of gamma irradiation systems occur infrequently and tend to be for larger amounts.
Results for our Nordion segment are also impacted by Co-60 supplier mix, harvest schedules, andas well as customer, product and service mix.
Nelson Labs
Our Nelson Labs business provides outsourced microbiological and analytical chemistry testing and advisory services for the medical device and pharmaceutical industries.
For more information regarding our reportable segments, please refer to Note 18,17, “Segment Information” to our consolidated financial statements.
Segment Results for the Three Months Ended September 30,March 31, 2023 and 2022 and 2021
The following tables compare segment net revenue and segment income for the three months ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023 to the three months ended September 30, 2021:March 31, 2022:
| | | Three Months Ended September 30, | | | | Three Months Ended March 31, | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2022 | | 2021 | | $ Change | | % Change | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2023 | | 2022 | | $ Change | | % Change |
| Net Revenues | Net Revenues | | Net Revenues | |
Sterigenics | Sterigenics | $ | 157,723 | | $ | 145,314 | | $ | 12,409 | | | 8.5 | % | Sterigenics | $ | 159,997 | | $ | 149,462 | | $ | 10,535 | | | 7.0 | % |
Nordion | Nordion | 35,071 | | 28,768 | | 6,303 | | | 21.9 | % | Nordion | 8,551 | | 34,002 | | (25,451) | | | (74.9 | %) |
Nelson Labs | Nelson Labs | 55,910 | | 52,082 | | 3,828 | | | 7.3 | % | Nelson Labs | 52,042 | | 53,290 | | (1,248) | | | (2.3) | % |
Segment Income | Segment Income | | | | | | | | Segment Income | | | | | | | |
Sterigenics | Sterigenics | $ | 85,587 | | $ | 79,344 | | $ | 6,243 | | | 7.9 | % | Sterigenics | $ | 82,840 | | $ | 79,403 | | $ | 3,437 | | | 4.3 | % |
Nordion | Nordion | 20,294 | | 16,331 | | 3,963 | | | 24.3 | % | Nordion | 1,526 | | 18,903 | | (17,377) | | | (91.9) | % |
Nelson Labs | Nelson Labs | 19,271 | | 20,999 | | (1,728) | | | (8.2) | % | Nelson Labs | 14,102 | | 17,043 | | (2,941) | | | (17.3) | % |
Segment Income margin | Segment Income margin | | | | | | | | Segment Income margin | | | | | | | |
Sterigenics | Sterigenics | 54.3 | % | | 54.6 | % | | | Sterigenics | 51.8 | % | | 53.1 | % | |
Nordion | Nordion | 57.9 | % | | 56.8 | % | | | Nordion | 17.8 | % | | 55.6 | % | |
Nelson Labs | Nelson Labs | 34.5 | % | | 40.3 | % | | | Nelson Labs | 27.1 | % | | 32.0 | % | |
Net Revenues by Segment
Sterigenics net revenues were $157.7$160.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022,March 31, 2023, an increase of $12.4$10.5 million, or 8.5%7.0%, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021.March 31, 2022. The increase is attributable to a 6.0%reflects favorable impactimpacts from pricing of 6.2% as well as volume and volume growthmix of 5.8%1.9%, partially offset by unfavorable impacts from changes in foreign currency exchange rates of 1.1%.
Nordion net revenues were $8.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, a 3.3%decrease of $25.5 million, or 74.9%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022. The decrease was driven by an expected volume decline and change in mix due to Co-60 harvest schedule timing, and an unfavorable impact from changes in foreign exchange rates.
Nelson Labs net revenues were $52.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, a decrease of $1.2 million, or 2.3%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022. The decrease was attributable to volume decline and change in mix of 5.2% coupled with a 1.0% impact from changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Partially offsetting this decline was a favorable impact from pricing of 3.9%.
Nordion net revenues were $35.1
Segment Income
Sterigenics segment income was $82.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022,March 31, 2023, an increase of $6.3$3.4 million, or 21.9%4.3%, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021. The increase was primarily attributable to volume growth of 17.7% and favorable pricing of 7.0% partially offset by a 2.8% unfavorable impact from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
Nelson Labs net revenues were $55.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, an increase of $3.8 million, or 7.3%, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021. The increase was driven by favorable pricing of 6.3% and 5.8% from our recent acquisition. This was partially offset by changes in foreign currency exchange rates totaling 3.5%.
Segment Income
Sterigenics segment income was $85.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, an increase of $6.2 million, or 7.9%, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021.March 31, 2022. The increase in segment income was primarily a result of favorable customer pricing as well as volume and sales volume growth,mix, as referenced above. The decline in segment income margin was driven by the impact of current staffing levels versus the typical lighter first-quarter volume relative to the remainder of the year coupled with inflation, partially offset by the impacts of favorable pricing.
Nordion segment income was $20.3$1.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, an increaseMarch 31, 2023, a decrease of $4.0$17.4 million, or 24.3%91.9%, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021.March 31, 2022. The increasedecrease in segment income and segment income margin was due to an increasedriven by expected volume decline and change in sales volume, largely of industrial usemix stemming from Co-60 and favorable pricing, partially offset by changes in foreign currency exchange rates.harvest schedule timing, as referenced above.
Nelson Labs segment income was $19.3$14.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022,March 31, 2023, a decrease of $1.7$2.9 million, or 8.2%17.3%, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021.March 31, 2022. The decrease in segment income was primarily driven by increased staffing in anticipation of incremental volume, unfavorable revenue mix and an unfavorable impact from foreign currency exchange rates, partially offset by favorable pricing as mentioned above. The decrease in segment income margin is a result of the aforementioned factors coupled with dilution resulting from the margin profile of the 2021 Nelson Labs acquisitions.
Segment Results for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021
The following tables compare segment net revenue and segment income for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 to the nine months ended September 30, 2021:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | | | | |
(thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2022 | | 2021 | | $ Change | | % Change |
| | | | | | | |
Net Revenues | | | | | | | |
Sterigenics | $ | 464,977 | | $ | 421,647 | | $ | 43,330 | | | 10.3 | % |
Nordion | 119,551 | | 103,811 | | 15,740 | | | 15.2 | % |
Nelson Labs | 167,569 | | 164,771 | | 2,798 | | | 1.7 | % |
Segment Income | | | | | | | |
Sterigenics | $ | 250,088 | | $ | 227,374 | | $ | 22,714 | | | 10.0 | % |
Nordion | 69,179 | | 61,285 | | 7,894 | | | 12.9 | % |
Nelson Labs | 57,369 | | 67,895 | | (10,526) | | | (15.5) | % |
Segment Income margin | | | | | | | |
Sterigenics | 53.8 | % | | 53.9 | % | | | | |
Nordion | 57.9 | % | | 59.0 | % | | | | |
Nelson Labs | 34.2 | % | | 41.2 | % | | | | |
Net Revenues by Segment
Sterigenics net revenues were $465.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, an increase of $43.3 million, or 10.3%, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The increase reflects volume growth of 6.8% and a 5.9% favorable impact from pricing, partially offset by unfavorable impacts from changes in foreign currency exchange rates of 2.4%.
Nordion net revenues were $119.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, an increase of $15.7 million, or 15.2%, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The increase reflects volume growth of 11.0% and a 6.5% favorable impact from pricing, partially offset by unfavorable impacts from changes in foreign currency exchange rates of 2.3%.
Nelson Labs net revenues were $167.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, an increase of $2.8 million, or 1.7%, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The increase was mainly attributable to revenue growth from the 2021 acquisitions of 6.7% and a favorable impact from pricing of 5.3%. Partially offsetting this increase was a 6.5% decline in revenue from reduced demand for pandemic-related testing coupled with a decrease in volumes across other testing categories. Revenue growth was also negatively impacted by 2.5% due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
Segment Income
Sterigenics segment income was $250.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, an increase of $22.7 million, or 10.0%, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The increase in segment income was primarily a result of volume growthdecline and change in mix, partially offset by favorable customer pricing, as referenced above.
Nordion segment Segment income margin decline was $69.2 million foralso driven by the nine months ended September 30, 2022, an increaseimpact of $7.9 million, or 12.9%, as comparedcurrent staffing levels versus the typical lighter first-quarter volume relative to the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The increase in segment income was due to favorable impacts of volume growth and customer pricing, as referenced above. The decrease in segment income margin was due to an unfavorable product mix.
Nelson Labs segment income was $57.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, a decrease of $10.5 million, or 15.5%, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021, primarily attributable to a decline in pandemic-related testing. This decrease was partially offset by the incremental contribution of our 2021 acquisitions and favorable customer pricing. The 7.0% decrease in segment income margin was driven by unfavorable mix associated with reduced demand for pandemic-related testing, supply chain and labor market pressures, increased staffing in anticipation of incremental volume, and dilution resulting from the margin profileremainder of the 2021 Nelson Labs acquisitions.year.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Sources of Cash
The primary sources of liquidity for our business are cash flows from operations and borrowings under our credit facilities. As of September 30, 2022,March 31, 2023, we had $165.0$647.9 million of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents. This is an increase of $58.0$252.7 million from the balance at December 31, 2021.2022. The increase in cash and cash equivalents was mainly attributable to $500.0 million in proceeds from the issuance of Term Loan B on February 23, 2023, partially offset by the $200.0 million paydown of the outstanding balance on the revolving credit facility. Our foreign subsidiaries held cash of approximately $122.6$140.2 million at September 30, 2022March 31, 2023 and $87.9$158.3 million at December 31, 2021.2022, to meet their liquidity needs. No material restrictions exist to accessing cash held by our foreign subsidiaries notwithstanding any potential tax consequences.
On February 23, 2023, we entered into the First Lien Credit Agreement (the “2023 Credit Agreement”), which provides for, among other things, a new Term Loan B facility in an aggregate principal amount of $500.0 million and bears interest, at the Company’s option, at a variable rate per annum equal to either (x) the Term SOFR Rate (as defined in the 2023 Credit Agreement) plus an applicable margin of 3.75% or (y) an alternative base rate (“ABR”) plus an applicable margin of 2.75%. The 2023 Credit Agreement is secured on a first priority basis on substantially all of our assets and is guaranteed by certain of our subsidiaries. It is prepayable without premium or penalty at any time six months after the closing date. The principal balance shall be paid at 1% of the aggregate principal amount ($5.0 million) per year, with the balance due at the end of 2026. The Company used the proceeds of this debt to fund a previously announced $408.0 million EO litigation settlement in Cook County, Illinois on May 1, 2023 and pay down existing borrowings under the Company’s revolving credit facility. In addition, the Company plans to use the remaining proceeds to further enhance liquidity and for general corporate purposes.
Uses of Cash
We expect that cash on hand, operating cash flows and amounts available under our credit facilities will provide sufficient working capital to operate our business, meet foreseeable liquidity requirements, including debt service on our long-term debt, make expected capital expenditures including investments in fixed assets to build and/or expand existing facilities, and meet litigation costs for at least the next 12 months. Our primary long-term liquidity requirements beyond the next 12 months will be to service our debt, make capital expenditures, and fund suitable business acquisitions. As of March 31, 2023, there were no outstanding borrowings on the Revolving Credit Facility. We expect any excess cash provided by operations will be allocated to fund capital expenditures, potential acquisitions, or for other general corporate purposes. Our ability to meet future working capital, capital expenditures and debt service requirements will depend on our future financial performance, which will be affected by a range of macroeconomic, competitive and business factors, including interest rate changes and changes in our industry, many of which are outside of our control. As of March 31, 2023, our interest rate caps limit our cash flow exposure related to LIBOR for the total principal amount outstanding on our variable rate borrowings under the Term Loan. Refer to Note 16, “Financial Instruments and Financial Risk” under the heading “Derivative Instruments” for additional information regarding the interest rate caps used to manage economic risks associated with our variable rate borrowings.
Capital Expenditures
Our capital expenditure program is a component of our long-term strategy. This program includes, among other things, investments in new and existing facilities, business expansion projects, Co-60 used by Sterigenics at its gamma irradiation facilities, cobalt development projects and information technology enhancements. ForDuring the ninethree months ended September 30, 2022,March 31, 2023, our capital expenditures amounted to $110.6$45.0 million, compared to $60.9$35.5 million for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2021.March 31, 2022.
We expect that cash on hand, operating cash flows and amounts available under our credit facilities will provide sufficient working capital to operate our business, including debt service on our long-term debt, expected capital expenditures including investments in fixed assets to build and/or expand existing facilities, and meet litigation defense costs for at least the next twelve months. As of September 30, 2022, there were no outstanding borrowings on the Revolving Credit Facility. Our ability to meet future working capital, capital expenditure and debt service requirements will depend on our future financial performance, which will be affected by a range of macroeconomic, competitive and business factors, including interest rate changes and changes in our industry, many of which are outside of our control. As of September 30, 2022, our interest rate caps limit our cash flow exposure related to LIBOR for the majority of the principal amount outstanding on our variable rate borrowings under the Term Loan. Refer to Note 17, “Financial Instruments and Financial Risk” under the heading “Derivative Instruments” for additional information regarding the interest rate caps used to manage economic risks associated with our variable rate borrowings. Refer to Item 3. “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” for additional information about changes in interest rate risk.
In addition to our operations, our primary long-term liquidity requirements include servicing our debt, investing in capital expenditures, supporting ongoing EO litigation defense costs, funding suitable business acquisitions, and making expenditures for other general corporate purposes. Any liability determined to be attributable to the Company or its subsidiaries arising from the ongoing EO tort litigation may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, liquidity, or financial condition for the annual or interim period during which such liability is recorded. As described in Note 16, “Commitments and Contingencies”, on September 20, 2022, the court returned an adverse judgment against our subsidiaries Sterigenics U.S., LLC and Sotera Health LLC in the amount of $358.7 million in a personal injury jury trial in Illinois. As noted in Note 16, we intend to vigorously challenge the judgment through all appropriate post-trial motions and appeals processes. Based on the status of the first individual case, we believe a loss is not probable, but the range of loss for this case could be from $0 to $358.7 million, plus potential post-judgment interest. We have not recorded a reserve with respect to this litigation as a number of factors (including post-trial relief and the appeals processes which are anticipated to take at least eighteen months or longer) could significantly change the assessment of damages and the ultimate outcome of the case. The plaintiff began enforcement proceedings by issuing citations to discover assets to Sterigenics U.S., LLC and Sotera Health LLC, the Company and other subsidiaries, which may have the effect of creating liens on certain of our assets. These enforcement proceedings were stayed by the filing of post-trial motions.
In order to stay the enforceability of the judgment order during the appeals process, an appellate bond must be posted or an alternative form of security must be provided. Our subsidiaries are exploring options to post the appellate bond or alternative form of security, which could involve additional credit support from the Company, if the Company so determines, and/or posting cash collateral of the subsidiaries, or other form of security as may be required by the courts, and on which such subsidiaries will incur interest and other associated costs. The bond or other form of security ordinarily must be sufficient to cover the amount of the judgment and costs, plus interest reasonably anticipated to accrue during pendency of the appeal. Given the pendency of motions for post-trial relief requesting that the trial court enter judgment in defendants’ favor notwithstanding the verdict, or alternatively that a new trial be granted, or alternatively for reduction of the compensatory and punitive damages awards, as well as the courts’ ability to reduce the amount of any bond or other security, the amount of the bond or other security that will ultimately be required to be posted is uncertain.
Refer to Note 16, “Commitments and Contingencies” under the heading “Ethylene Oxide Tort Litigation” for additional information regarding the current status of the Company’s legal proceedings. Refer also to Part II Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in this report, including “—We have received and may in the future receive an adverse judgment in the EO tort litigation. We face enforcement efforts related to the adverse judgment. In connection with any appeal, we may be required to post an appellate
bond or provide an alternative form of security. Any of these matters may have a negative impact on our liquidity in the near and long terms.”
Cash Flow Information
NineThree Months Ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023 compared to the NineThree Months Ended September 30, 2021March 31, 2022
| (thousands of U.S. dollars) | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2022 | | 2021 | (thousands of U.S. dollars) | 2023 | | 2022 |
| Net Cash Provided by (Used in): | Net Cash Provided by (Used in): | | Net Cash Provided by (Used in): | | | |
Operating activities | Operating activities | $ | 176,035 | | | $ | 215,194 | | Operating activities | $ | 33,871 | | | $ | 49,967 | |
Investing activities | Investing activities | (110,158) | | | (87,570) | | Investing activities | (44,968) | | | (35,483) | |
Financing activities | Financing activities | (1,483) | | | (115,504) | | Financing activities | 273,916 | | | (449) | |
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (6,357) | | | 345 | | Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 1,067 | | | 487 | |
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, during the period | Net increase in cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, during the period | $ | 58,037 | | | $ | 12,465 | | Net increase in cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, during the period | $ | 263,886 | | | $ | 14,522 | |
Operating activities
Cash flows provided by operating activities decreased $39.2$16.1 million to net cash provided of $176.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to $215.2$33.9 million for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2021. LowerMarch 31, 2023 compared to $50.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The decrease in cash flows from operating activities in the ninethree months ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023 compared to the ninethree months ended September 30, 2021 wereMarch 31, 2022 was driven primarily by an increasea decrease in operating income of $20.1 million, partially offset by a decrease in cash paidused for income taxes and interestworking capital of $24.6 million and $11.3 million, respectively.$9.9 million.
Investing activities
Cash used in investing activities increased $22.6$9.5 million to net cash used of $110.2$45.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $35.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022.The variance was primarily driven by an increase in capital expenditures of $9.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to $87.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Capital expenditures increased $49.7 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2022first quarter of 2023 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The nine months ended September 30, 2021 included cash paid for acquisitionsfirst quarter of $25.9 million which did not recur in 2022. In the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we acquired BioScience Labs for a net purchase price of approximately $13.5 million and we completed the acquisition of the remaining 15% ownership of Nelson Labs Fairfield for $12.4 million.
Financing activities
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, net cash used inCash provided by financing activities was $1.5increased $274.4 million compared to net cash used by financing activities of $115.5$273.9 million for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2021. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the principal uses of cash in financing activities were $100.0March 31, 2023 compared to $0.4 million for the full redemptionthree months ended March 31, 2022. The difference was mainly attributable to $500.0 million in proceeds from the issuance of Term Loan B on February 23, 2023, partially offset by the $200.0 million paydown of the First Lien Notes, $8.4 million foroutstanding balance on the acquisitionrevolving credit facility and the payment of the noncontrolling interests in our China subsidiaries and $6.7$24.5 million of debt issuance costs and prepayment premium incurred in connection with our refinancingthe issuance of Term Loan B and revolving credit facility amendment in the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and the early redemption of the First Lien Notes, respectively. Cash used for financingthree months ended March 31, 2023, as described in “Debt Facilities” below. Financing activities was insignificant for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2022.March 31, 2022 were insignificant.
Debt Facilities
Senior Secured Credit Facilities
On December 13, 2019, Sotera Health Holdings, LLC (“SHH”), our wholly owned subsidiary, entered into senior secured first lien credit facilities (the “Senior Secured Credit Facilities”), consisting of both a prepayable senior secured first lien term loan (the “Term Loan”) and a senior secured first lien revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) pursuant to a first lien credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”). The Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan mature on June 13, 2026 and December 13, 2026, respectively. TheAfter giving effect to the Revolving Credit Facility Amendment (defined below), the total borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility is $347.5$423.8 million. The Senior Secured Credit Facilities also provide SHH the right at any time and under certain conditions to request incremental term loans or incremental revolving credit commitments based on a formula defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. As of September 30, 2022March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2021,2022, total borrowings under the Term Loan were $1,763.1 million and there were no borrowings outstanding on the Revolving Credit Facility.million. The weighted average interest rate on borrowings under the Term Loan for the three months ended September 30,March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 and September 30, 2021 was 4.96%7.44% and 3.25%, respectively, and 3.92% and 3.51% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and September 30, 2021, respectively.
On January 20, 2021, we closed on an amendment repricing our Term Loan. The interest rate spread over the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) on the facility was reduced from 450 basis points to 275 basis points, and the facility’s LIBOR floor
was reduced from 100 basis points to 50 basis points. The changes resultedOn February 23, 2023, we entered into the First Lien Credit Agreement (the “2023 Credit Agreement”), which provides for, among other things, a new Term Loan B facility in an effective reduction in currentaggregate principal amount of $500.0 million and bears interest, rates of 225 basis points. In connection with this amendment, we wrote off $11.3 million of unamortized debt issuance and discount costs and incurred an additional $2.9 million of expense relatedat the Company’s option, at a variable rate per annum equal to debt issuance costs attributable toeither (x) the refinancing. These costs were recorded to “Loss on extinguishment of debt” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).
On March 26, 2021, we amended the Revolving Credit Facility, to (i) decrease the ApplicableTerm SOFR Rate (as defined in the 2023 Credit Agreement) related to any Revolving Loans (as defined in the Credit Agreement) from a rate per annum that ranged fromplus an applicable margin of 3.75% or (y) an alternative base rate (“ABR”) plus 2.50%an applicable margin of 2.75%. The 2023 Credit Agreement is secured on a first priority basis on substantially all of our assets and is guaranteed by certain of our subsidiaries. It is prepayable without premium or penalty at any time six months after the closing date. The principal balance shall be paid at 1% of the aggregate principal amount ($5.0 million) per year, with the balance due at the end of 2026. The Company used the proceeds of this debt to ABR plus 3.00% dependingfund a previously announced $408.0 million EO litigation settlement in Cook County, Illinois and pay down the $200.0 million of existing borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility concurrent with the funding of this loan on SHH’s Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage RatioFebruary 23, 2023. In addition, the Company plans to ABR plus 1.75%;use the remaining proceeds to further enhance liquidity and for general corporate purposes. The weighted average interest rate on borrowings under Term Loan B for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was 8.82%.
On March 21, 2023, the Company entered into the Revolving Credit Facility Amendment, which provides for an increase in the casecommitments under the existing Revolving Credit Facility in an aggregate principal amount of Eurodollar Loans (as defined$76.3 million. In addition, certain of the lenders providing revolving credit commitments have provided additional commitments for the issuance of the letters of credit under the Revolving Credit Facility in an aggregate principal amount of $165.1 million. The Revolving Credit Facility Amendment also provides for the Credit Agreement) fromreplacement of the LIBOR-based reference interest rate option for revolving loans with a reference rate per annum which ranged fromoption based upon the Adjusted LIBORTerm Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“Term SOFR”) or Daily Simple SOFR (“Daily SOFR”) plus 3.50%an applicable credit spread adjustment of 0.1% (subject to a minimum floor of 0.0%). After giving effect to the Adjusted LIBOR plus 4.00% depending on SHH’s Senior Secured First Lien Net Leverage Ratio (as definedRevolving Credit Facility Amendment, the aggregate amount of the Lenders' revolving commitments is $423.8 million and the aggregate amount of letter of credit commitments is $361.3 million. Letter of credit commitments are part of and not in the Credit Agreement),addition to the Adjusted LIBOR (as defined in the Credit Agreement) plus 2.75% and (ii) extend theaggregate revolving commitments. The maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility from December 13, 2024 toremains June 13, 2026. The other material termsAs of March 31, 2023 there were no borrowings outstanding on the Credit Agreement are unchanged and the amendment does not change the capacity of our Revolving Credit Facility. No unamortized debt issuance costs associated withThe Company borrowed $200.0 million on the revolving credit facility during the fourth quarter of 2022, which was repaid in the first quarter of 2023, as noted above. The weighted average interest rate on outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility were written off and direct fees and costs incurred in connection withfor the amendment were immaterial.
As of September 30, 2022 and Decemberthree months ended March 31, 2021, capitalized debt issuance costs totaled $2.3 million and $2.7 million, respectively, and debt discounts totaled $14.7 million and $17.3 million, respectively, related to the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. Such costs are recorded as a reduction of debt on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortized as a component of interest expense over the term of the debt agreement.2023 was 7.47%.
The Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement contain additional covenants that, among other things, restrict, subject to certain exceptions, our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to engage in certain activities, such as incur indebtedness or permit to exist any lien on any property or asset now owned or hereafter acquired, as specified in the Senior Secured Credit Facilities.Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement. The Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement also contain certain customary affirmative covenants and events of default, including upon a change of control. An event of default under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement would occur if the Company or certain of its subsidiaries received one or more enforceable judgments for payment in an aggregate amount in excess of $100.0 million, which judgment or judgments are not stayed or remain undischarged for a period of sixty60 consecutive days or if, in order to enforce such a judgment, a judgment creditor attached or levied upon assets that are material to the business and operations, taken as a whole, of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries. As described in Note 16, “Commitments and Contingencies”, on September 20, 2022, our subsidiaries Sterigenics U.S., LLC and Sotera Health LLC received a $358.7 million judgment (including prejudgment interest) in the first trial related to EO tort litigation in Illinois. Post-judgment interest accrues on the compensatory and punitive damages awards from September 20, 2022, the date the court entered the judgment order. As noted in Note 16, we intend to vigorously challenge the judgment through all appropriate post-trial motions and appeals processes. The payment of any judgment in this matter is expected to be stayed pending resolution of the post-trial and appeals process. Accordingly, no event of default has been triggered as a result of this judgment. As of September 30, 2022,March 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement covenants.
All of SHH’s obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement are unconditionally guaranteed by the Company and each existing and subsequently acquired or organized direct or indirect wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiary of the Company, with customary exceptions including, among other things, where providing such guarantees is not permitted by law, regulation or contract or would result in material adverse tax consequences. All obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement, and the guarantees of such obligations, are secured by substantially all assets of the borrower and guarantors, subject to permitted liens and other exceptions and exclusions, as outlined in the Senior Secured Credit Facilities.Facilities and 2023 Credit Agreement.
Outstanding letters of credit are collateralized by encumbrances against the Revolving Credit Facility and the collateral pledged thereunder, or by cash placed on deposit with the issuing bank. As of September 30, 2022,March 31, 2023, the Company had $67.6$65.1 million of letters of credit issued against the Revolving Credit Facility, resulting in total availability under the Revolving Credit Facility of $279.9$358.7 million.
Term Loan Interest Rate Risk Management
The Company utilizes interest rate derivatives to reduce the variability of cash flows in the interest payments associated with the Term Loanour variable rate debt due to changes in LIBOR (or its successor).and SOFR. For additional information on the derivative instruments described above, refer to Note 17,16, “Financial Instruments and Financial Risk”, “Derivatives Instruments.”
First Lien Notes
On July 31, 2020, SHH issued $100.0 million aggregate principal amountPublication of senior secured first lien notes due 2026 (the “First Lien Notes”all U.S. LIBOR tenors will cease after June 30, 2023. The most likely replacement benchmark is expected to be the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"), which were scheduled to mature on December 13, 2026. On August 27, 2021 SHH redeemedhas been recommended by financial regulators in full the $100.0 million aggregate principal amount ofUnited States. We have identified our LIBOR-based exposure in our debt and outstanding interest rate derivative agreements and have addressed the First Lien Notes.LIBOR transition for those contracts. In connection with this redemption, the Company paid a $3.0 million early redemption premium, in accordance with ASC 848 Reference Rate Reform, we have elected to apply certain optional expedients for contract modifications and hedging relationships for derivative instruments impacted by the terms of the First Lien Notes Indenture, and wrote off $3.4 million of debt issuance and discount costs. The Company recognized these expenses within “Loss on extinguishment of debt” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.
Prior to the redemption, the First Lien Notes bore interest at a rate equal to LIBOR subject to a 1.00% floor plus 6.00% per annum. Interest was payable on a quarterly basis with no principal due until maturity. The weighted averagebenchmark interest rate ontransition. The optional expedients remove the First Lien Notes during 2021 uprequirement to the August 27, 2021 redemption date was 7.00%.remeasure contract modifications or dedesignate hedging relationships impacted by reference rate reform.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
The preparation of consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions at a specific point in time and in certain circumstances that affect amounts reported in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. In preparing these consolidated financial statements, management has made its best estimates and judgments of certain amounts, giving due consideration to materiality. The application of accounting policies involves the exercise of judgment and use of assumptions as to future uncertainties and, as a result, actual results could differ from these estimates.
A comprehensive discussion of the Company’s critical accounting policies and management estimates made in connection with the preparation of the financial statements is included in Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.2022. There have been no significant changes in critical accounting policies, management estimates or accounting policies since the year ended December 31, 2021.2022.
NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
For a description of recent accounting pronouncements applicable to our business, see Note 2, “Recent Accounting Standards”. to our consolidated financial statements.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Market risks are described within “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” in Part II, Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
As noted in Part II, Item 7A of2022. These market risks have not materially changed for the 2021 Form 10-K, we are subject to interest rate risk on borrowings that bear interest at floating rates. During the ninethree months ended September 30, 2022, benchmark interest rates, including LIBOR, have materially increased compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily in response to monetary policies implemented throughout the United States and Europe aimed at curbing inflation. Because our Senior Secured Credit Facilities bear interest at variable interest rates based on LIBOR, we may incur higher interest costs as interest rates are expected to increase in future periods. We currently utilize, and may in the future utilize, interest rate hedges to mitigate our exposure to interest rate fluctuations as described in Note 17, “Financial Instruments and Financial Risk”. After applying the effects of interest rate caps referenced above, a 1.0% increase in the interest rate under our outstanding obligations as of September 30, 2022, of $1,763.1 million, would increase interest expense by approximately $7.6 million for the fiscal year ending DecemberMarch 31, 2023.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”("CEO") and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”("CFO"), has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures,” (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”)). Based upon their evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), and that such information is accumulated and
communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022,March 31, 2023, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Part II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
From time to time, we may be subject to various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business, including claims relating to personal injury, property damage, workers’ compensation, employee safety and employee safety.our disclosures as a Nasdaq-listed, publicly-traded company. In addition, from time to time, we receive communications from government or regulatory agencies concerning investigations or allegations of noncompliance with laws or regulations in jurisdictions in which we operate. At this time, and except as is noted herein, we are unable to predict the outcome of, and cannot reasonably estimate the impact of, any pending litigation matters, matters concerning allegations of non-compliance with laws or regulations and matters concerning other allegations of other improprieties, or the incidence of any such matters in the future. Information regarding our material legal proceedings is included below. Updates on our EO tort litigation can be found from time to time on the Investor Relations section of the Company’s website.
Legal Proceedings Described in Note 16,15 “Commitments and Contingencies”of Our Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 16,15, “Commitments and Contingencies” to our consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023 contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes information on legal proceedings that constitute material contingencies for financial reporting purposes that could have a material effect on our financial condition or results of operations. This item should be read in conjunction with Note 16,15 “Commitments and Contingencies” “Commitments and Contingencies” for information regarding the following legal proceedings, which information is incorporated into this item by reference:
•Ethylene Oxide Tort Litigation – Illinois, Georgia and Georgia
•Georgia Facility Operations Litigation; andNew Mexico;
•New Mexico Attorney General LitigationLitigation; and
•Sotera Health Company Securities Litigation.
Legal Proceedings That Are Not Described in Note 16,15 “Commitments and Contingencies” to Our Consolidated Financial Statements
In addition to the matters that are identified in Note 16,15 “Commitments and Contingencies” to our consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022March 31, 2023 contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and incorporated into this item by reference, the following matter also constitutes a material pending legal proceeding, other than ordinary course litigation incidental to our business, to which we are or any of our subsidiaries is a party.
Zoetermeer, Holland Criminal Proceedings and Criminal Financial Investigation
In early 2010, the Dutch Public Prosecution Service started criminal proceedings against our subsidiary DEROSS Holding B.V. (“DEROSS”), formerly known as Sterigenics Holland B.V., in relation to alleged environmental permit violations for EO emissions in the period from 2004 to 2009 at its Zoetermeer processing facility. On the basis of the final indictment issued in April 2017, assuming a rarely applied increasing mechanism is not applied in this case, fines in the amount of €0.8 million (US$0.80.9 million) may be imposed. We have also agreed to defend and indemnify the two individuals overseeing environmental compliance during the time period of the alleged claims by the Public Prosecutor. Assuming a rarely applied increasing mechanism is not applied in this case, the possible monetary penalties relating to the individuals currently are estimated at a maximum of €0.2 million (US$(US$0.2 million).
In November 2010, the Public Prosecution Service also started a criminal financial investigation against DEROSS to determine whether it obtained illegal advantages by committing the alleged criminal offenses noted above. Any illegally obtained advantage could then be recovered from DEROSS in subsequent confiscation proceedings. The Public Prosecution Service estimates the illegally obtained advantage by DEROSS to be in the amount of €0.6 million (US$0.60.7 million).
In February 2018, DEROSS and the two individuals received favorable judgments from the trial court, which did not hold any of them responsible for the alleged criminal offenses. In March 2018, the Public Prosecutor filed an appeal against the favorable judgments. The appeal procedure is still pending.remains pending and will likely take several years to resolve.
An escrow account was established in 2011 to satisfy indemnity claims for losses related to this matter. The balance of the special escrow at September 30, 2022funds as of March 31, 2023, was approximately US$1.8 million and theadditional cash collateral held by ABN Amro to provide security for the claims was approximately €2.4 million (US$2.4 million)(US$2.6 million) as of September 30, 2022. These amounts are available to satisfy claims relating to the ongoing matter through its anticipated resolution.March 31, 2023. At this time, we expect that the appeal of this matter will likely take several years to resolve, however, we believe the indemnification receivable continues to be recoverable and plan to ensure escrow funds remain in place to cover outcomes of an appeal.
It is possible that individuals living in the vicinity of our former Zoetermeer facility may file civil claims at some time in the future. While we have received letters from a small number of individuals claiming to live or work in the vicinity of the Zoetermeer facility, no civil claims have been filed against DEROSS or us. It is possible that these or other individuals living in the vicinity of the Zoetermeer facility may file civil claims at some time in the future. We have not provided for a contingency reserve in connection with any civil claims as we are unable to determine the likelihoodprobability of an unfavorable outcome and no reasonable estimate of a loss or range of losses, if any, can be made.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
The risk factor titled “We are subject to extensive regulatory requirements and routine regulatory audits in our operations. …” included in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 is hereby updated by adding at the end thereof the paragraph immediately below. Other than such addition, the text of the risk factors listed below, there have been no material changes fromfactor is unchanged.
In April 2023, the risk factors previously described under Item 1A of our 2021 Form 10-K.
Risks Related to the Company
We are currently defending certain litigation, and we are likely to be subject to additional litigation in the future.
Our business exposes us to significant potential risk from lawsuits, investigations and other legal proceedings. We are currently pursuing and defending various proceedings and will likely be subject to additional proceedings in the future, including potential litigation regarding the products and services we provide or which we or our predecessors have provided. We are currently the subject of tort lawsuits alleging personal injury by purported exposure to emissions and releases ofUS Environmental Protection Agency (“USEPA”) proposed stricter EO from our facilities in Willowbrook and Atlanta. The first jury trial in the individual lawsuits related to our facility in Willowbrook began on August 12, 2022, and on September 19, 2022, the jury rendered a verdict in favor of the plaintiff and awarded damages in the amount of $358.7 million, including $36.1 million of compensatory damages, $320.0 million of punitive damages and prejudgment interest in the amount of $2.6 million against our subsidiaries Sterigenics, US LLC and Sotera Health LLC. Post-judgment interest accrues on the compensatory and punitive damages awards from September 20, 2022, the date the court entered the judgment order. The Company expects the enforceability of the judgment order to be stayed pending the resolution of motions for post-trial relief and any subsequent appeals. See related Risk Factor “—We have received and may in the future receive an adverse judgment in the EO tort litigation. We face enforcement efforts related to the adverse judgment. In connection with any appeal, we may be required to post an appellate bond or provide an alternative form of security. Any of these matters may have a negative impact on our liquidity in the near and long terms.” On October 26, 2022, Sterigenics U.S., LLC and Sotera Health LLC filed their motion for post-trial relief, requesting that the trial court enter judgment in defendants’ favor notwithstanding the verdict, or alternatively that a new trial be granted, or alternatively for reduction of the compensatory and punitive damages awards,regulations based on the plaintiff’s failure2016 IRIS Assessment, including (1) a proposed interim decision under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) that sets forth measures designed to mitigate EO exposure, in particular for workers exposed to EO in occupational settings, and (2) proposed amendments to the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) that would require commercial EO sterilizers to implement additional air pollution control technologies, practices and procedures designed to further reduce EO emissions from EO facilities. These April 2023 proposals contain a number of proof on elementsproposed requirements that are inconsistent with existing industry practices and set forth proposed implementation timelines that would be difficult to meet at existing facilities for some of her claims, reversible error by the trial court regarding evidentiaryproposed requirements; however, the proposals are currently undergoing public review and other rulings,comment, which may lead to clarifications and excessive damages awards. Whilerevisions in the Company doesfinal USEPA regulations. Although we have been implementing enhancements at our EO sterilization facilities in the United States that we expect will facilitate our ability to meet many of the proposed requirements, certain facets of the proposed requirements are untested or not believe thatwidely adopted at existing EO sterilization facilities. We are in the facts and law justifyearly stages of assessing the verdict or damage awards and intends to vigorously challenge them through all appropriate motions for post-trial relief and appeals, this verdict and damage awards and future verdict and damage awardsextent to which we maythe proposals in their current form might require additional modifications and capital costs or might be subject could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations.
Additionally, we are defendants in a lawsuit by certain employees of a contract sterilization customer in Georgia who allege personal injury by purported workplace exposure to EO. We are also defendants in lawsuits alleging that our Atlanta facility has devalued and harmed plaintiffs’ use of real properties they own in Smyrna, Georgia and caused other damages. Additional property devaluation claims have been threatened and additional personal injury claims may be filed. We are also defendants in a lawsuit brought byunachievable at existing EO facilities throughout the State of New Mexico, ex rel. Hector Balderas, Attorney General alleging that emissions of EO from our Santa Teresa facility constitute a public nuisance and have materially contributed to increased health risks suffered by residents in the area. In June 2021, the Court in that lawsuit entered an Order Granting Preliminary Injunction prohibiting Sterigenics from allowing any uncontrolled emission or release of EO from the facility. In December 2021 the Court in that lawsuit further ordered certain protocols to monitor Sterigenics’ compliance with the injunction. We deny the allegations in these claims and are vigorously defending against them. However, one or more adverse judgments could result in significant liability for us and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, we are involved in litigation in Georgia against local officials to allow us to resume operations at our Atlanta facility that had been suspended while we installed enhancements to our EO emissions control systems. See Part II Item 1, “Legal Proceedings” and Note 16, “Commitments and Contingencies” to our consolidated financial statements for more detail on our pending litigation.
In litigation, including those described above, plaintiffs may seek various remedies, including without limitation declaratory and/or injunctive relief; compensatory or punitive damages; restitution, disgorgement, civil penalties, abatement, attorneys’ fees, costs and/or other relief. Settlement demands may seek significant monetary and other remedies, or otherwise be on terms that we do not consider reasonable under the circumstances. In some instances, even if we comply with applicable laws and regulations, including those relating to emission standards, an adverse judgment or outcome may occur based on other applicable laws or principles of common law, including negligence and strict liability, and result in significant liability and reputational damage for us. Defense of litigation may result in diversion of management attention from other priorities. It isindustry.
likely that we will be subject to other claims in addition to those described above by or on behalf of similar groups of plaintiffs in the future relating to any of our current or former facilities or activities. In addition, awards against and settlements by our competitors or publicity associated with our current litigation could incentivize parties to bring additional claims against us.
The financial impact of litigation, particularly class action and mass action lawsuits, is difficult to assess or quantify. If we are the subject of future lawsuits, regardless of the merits of the claims at issue or the ultimate outcome of a case, any litigation could be costly to defend, could result in an increase of our insurance premiums, and exhaust any available insurance coverage. Claims against us that result in entry of a judgment or we settle that are not covered or not sufficiently covered by insurance policies, or which fall within retained liability under our policies, could have a material adverse impact on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations. Our current environmental liability insurance does not cover future claims related to EO. Even where we have coverage for claims brought against us, our insurance may not be adequate to cover all potential liabilities and losses arising from those claims, and we have significant self-insured retention amounts, which we would have to pay in full before obtaining any insurance proceeds. Additionally, even where a claim should be covered by insurance, an insurer might refuse coverage. To the extent our insurance coverage is inadequate and we are not successful in identifying additional coverage for such claims, we would have to pay any costs or losses in excess of policy limits, including potentially costs to defend such claims, and the amount of any settlement or judgment. For example, while our historical environmental liability insurance did cover litigation related to EO, like the litigation pending in Willowbrook, Atlanta and Santa Teresa described above, the policy under which we have received coverage has limits of $10.0 million per occurrence and $20.0 million in the aggregate. The per occurrence limit related to the Willowbrook litigation is fully utilized and the $10.0 million coverage remaining is currently being utilized for the ongoing legal costs associated with the EO claims related to our facilities in Atlanta and Santa Teresa. As of September 30, 2022, we have utilized approximately $7.5 million of the remaining $10.0 million limit. Any settlement or judgment against us arising out of the litigation pending in Willowbrook, Atlanta or Santa Teresa would likely exceed the remaining insurance recoveries available to us and could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations. See Note 16, “Commitments and Contingencies” to our consolidated financial statements for more detail on our pending litigation.
We have received and may in the future receive an adverse judgment in the EO tort litigation. We face enforcement efforts related to the adverse judgment. In connection with any appeal, we may be required to post an appellate bond or provide an alternative form of security. Any of these matters may have a negative impact on our liquidity in the near and long terms.
As described elsewhere in Note 16, “Commitments and Contingencies” under the heading “Ethylene Oxide Tort Litigation,” our subsidiaries Sterigenics U.S., LLC and Sotera Health, LLC (the “Defendant Subsidiaries”) received an adverse verdict on September 19, 2022 in the amount of $358.7 million in the first EO tort case related to our Willowbrook facility, which was entered as a judgment order on September 20, 2022 (the “September 2022 adverse judgment”).
While we intend to vigorously challenge the judgment through all appropriate post-trial motions and appeal processes, under Illinois law, in order to stay the enforceability of a judgment order during the appeals process, an appellate bond or other form of security (together, an “appellate bond”) must be posted. An appellate bond ordinarily must be sufficient to cover the amount of the judgment and costs, plus interest reasonably anticipated to accrue during pendency of the appeal, which typically means that the defendants, absent judicial relief reducing the appellate bond amount, are required to post an appellate bond in an amount up to 1.5 times the amount of the judgment. Obtaining such appellate bond may require the posting of liquid collateral, such as letters of credit or cash, for some or all of the bond amount should the bond be called in the future. The Defendant Subsidiaries have filed post-trial motions that have the effect of staying enforcement proceedings. Before the post-trial motions were filed, however, the plaintiff began enforcement proceedings by issuing citations to discover assets to the Defendant Subsidiaries, Sotera Health Company, certain other subsidiaries and affiliates, and various third parties. Subject to petitions for relief and other potential proceedings, the service of these citations may have the effect of creating liens on certain of the Defendant Subsidiaries’ and other recipients’ assets that could restrict use of those assets.
It may be necessary for the Defendant Subsidiaries to request credit support from Sotera Health Company in order to obtain such appellate bond. Although Sotera Health Company has not determined whether it would be willing to provide such credit support, doing so may require it or its other subsidiaries to incur additional indebtedness, if available. Doing so may also require negotiation with current lenders under our Senior Secured Credit Facilities, the success of which cannot be assured.
If the Defendant Subsidiaries are unable to post an appellate bond for the September 2022 adverse judgment, they may need to pursue other alternatives to stay the enforceability of the judgment order pending the appeals process. In addition to the risks presented by the September 2022 adverse judgment, as disclosed elsewhere, there are a large number of EO tort cases pending against the Defendant Subsidiaries. The second trial in Illinois began on October 6, 2022 and is expected to result in a verdict by mid-November 2022, and additional trials are scheduled to begin in early 2023. While we believe the damage awards in the
first trial are not predictive of potential future damage awards in the other Illinois EO tort cases, in the event the Defendant Subsidiaries receive one or more additional adverse judgments in any of the remaining cases, the Defendant Subsidiaries may be required to post additional security to stay those judgments through the appeals process. This would create additional uncertainty about how the Defendant Subsidiaries on their own will post such collateral, or whether Sotera Health Company would be willing to or could provide parent credit support, in order to stay enforcement of any future judgments. In the event that the Defendant Subsidiaries’ appeal of the September 2022 adverse judgment is unsuccessful, they will be required to pay the judgment, which would reduce liquidity of the Defendant Subsidiaries and possibly of Sotera Health Company and may further limit the Defendant Subsidiaries’ ability to post an appellate bond for subsequent judgments.
Actions required to secure appellate bonds, including for the September 2022 adverse judgment, may create a substantial strain on the Defendant Subsidiaries’ and our liquidity. There is no assurance that the Defendant Subsidiaries or we will meet the requirements needed to provide an appellate bond for appeal of the September 2022 adverse judgment or appeals of any future adverse judgments. If the Defendant Subsidiaries are unable to meet those requirements and are not able to secure an appellate bond in the form and amount as required by the courts for appeal, that judgment will become enforceable and may exceed their ability to pay in cash. If the Defendant Subsidiaries are unable to pay in cash, the Defendant Subsidiaries or we may be required to seek financing, sell assets or take other measures to address the judgments. There can be no assurance that the Defendant Subsidiaries or we will be able to secure such financing or make such sales on acceptable terms or at all, and any such actions taken to address the judgments may significantly limit our liquidity and increase our leverage in the future.
One or more enforceable judgments in excess of $100.0 million, which judgment or judgments are not stayed or remain undischarged for a period of sixty consecutive days, would constitute an event of default under our Senior Secured Credit Facilities. Thus, if the Defendant Subsidiaries are unable to meet collateral requirements to post an appellate bond to stay the enforceability of a judgment, absent judicial relief, we may be required to negotiate with our current lenders under our Senior Secured Credit Facilities and the success of such negotiations cannot be assured.
Item 6. Exhibits.
The exhibits listed in the following Exhibit Index are filed, furnished, or incorporated by reference as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
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| | | | Incorporated by Reference | | |
Exhibit No | | Description of Exhibits | | Form | File No. | Exhibit | Filing Date | | Furnished/Filed Herewith |
| | |
31.1 | | | | | | | | | * |
31.2 | | | | | | | | | * |
32.1 | | | | | | | | | ** |
10.32 | | | | | | | | | * |
101.INS | | Inline XBRL Instance Document - The XBRL Instance Document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document | | | | | | | * |
101.SCH | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | | | | | | | * |
101.CAL | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | | | | | | | * |
101.DEF | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | | | | | | | * |
101.LAB | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document | | | | | | | * |
101.PRE | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | | | | | | | * |
104 | | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) | | | | | | | * |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Incorporated by Reference | | |
Exhibit No | | Description of Exhibits | | Form | File No. | Exhibit | Filing Date | | Furnished/Filed Herewith |
| | |
31.1 | | | | | | | | | * |
31.2 | | | | | | | | | * |
32.1 | | | | | | | | | ** |
10.1 | | Incremental Facility Amendment No. 2, dated as of March 21, 2023, to the First Lien Credit Agreement dated as of December 13, 2019 by and among Sotera Health Company, Sotera Health Holdings, LLC, certain subsidiaries of Sotera Health Company, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as First Lien Administrative Agent and the lenders and issuing banks party thereto | | 8-K | 001-39729 | 10.1 | 2023-03-22 | | |
10.2 | | | | | | | | | * |
10.3 | | | | | | | | | * |
101.INS | | Inline XBRL Instance Document - The XBRL Instance Document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document | | | | | | | * |
101.SCH | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | | | | | | | * |
101.CAL | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | | | | | | | * |
101.DEF | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | | | | | | | * |
101.LAB | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document | | | | | | | * |
101.PRE | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | | | | | | | * |
104 | | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) | | | | | | | * |
* Filed Herewith
** Furnished Herewith
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| SOTERA HEALTH COMPANY |
| | | |
| By: | /s/ Michael F. Biehl | |
| Name: | Michael F. Biehl | |
| Title: | Interim Chief Financial Officer |
| | (Principal Financial Officer) |
Date: November 2, 2022May 3, 2023