UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 20-F

(Mark One)

¨REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

 

þANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 20112012

OR

 

¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                      to                     .

OR

 

¨SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number: 1-15060

UBS AG

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Switzerland

(Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)

Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8001 Zurich, Switzerland

and

Aeschenvorstadt 1, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

Sarah M. Starkweather

UBS AG

677 Washington Boulevard

Stamford, CT 06901

Telephone: (203) 719-3000

Fax: (203) 719-0680

(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Please see page 3.

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Please see page 5.

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:

Please see page 5.


Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of

31 December 2011:2012:

Ordinary shares, par value CHF 0.10 per share: 3,832,121,8993,835,250,233 ordinary shares

(including 84,955,55187,879,601 treasury shares)

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes  þ            No  ¨

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Yes  ¨             No  þ

Note — Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to

Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 from their obligations under those Sections.

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes  þ             No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 205 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes  þ             No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check One):

 

Large accelerated filer  þ  Accelerated filer  ¨  Non-accelerated filer  ¨

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing.

 

U.S. GAAP  ¨ 

International Financial Reporting

Standards as issued by the International

Accounting Standards Board  þ

 Other  ¨

If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow.

Item 17  ¨             Item 18  ¨

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act)

Yes  ¨            No  þ

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class

  

Name of each exchange on

which registered

Ordinary Shares (par value of CHF 0.10 each)  New York Stock Exchange
$300,000,000 Floating Rate Noncumulative Trust Preferred Securities  New York Stock Exchange
$300,000,000 Floating Rate Noncumulative Company Preferred Securities  New York Stock Exchange*
$1,000,000,000 6.243% Noncumulative Trust Preferred Securities  New York Stock Exchange
$1,000,000,000 6.243% Noncumulative Company Preferred Securities  New York Stock Exchange*
Subordinated Guarantee of UBS AG with respect to each of the
Noncumulative Company Preferred Securities above
  New York Stock Exchange*
$100,000,000 E-TRACS UBS Bloomberg CMCI Food ETN due April 2038  NYSE Arca
$50,000,000 E-TRACS UBS Bloomberg CMCI Agriculture ETN due April 2038  NYSE Arca
$50,000,000 E-TRACS UBS Bloomberg CMCI Energy ETN due April 2038  NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS UBS Bloomberg CMCI Total Return ETN due April 2038  NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS UBS Bloomberg Gold ETN due April 2038  NYSE Arca
$50,000,000 E-TRACS UBS Bloomberg CMCI Industrial Metals due April 2038  NYSE Arca
$50,000,000 E-TRACS UBS Bloomberg CMCI Livestock ETN due April 2038  NYSE Arca
$50,000,000 E-TRACS UBS Bloomberg CMCI Silver ETN due April 2038  NYSE Arca
$50,000,000 E-TRACS UBS Long Platinum ETN due May 2018  NYSE Arca
$50,000,000 E-TRACS UBS Short Platinum ETN due May 2018  NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS UBS S&P 500 Gold Hedged Index ETN due January 2040  NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS Dow Jones-UBS Commodity Index Total Return ETN due October 2039  NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS Linked to the Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index due April 2, 2040  NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 1xMonthly Short E-TRACS Linked to the Alerian MLP Infrastructure Total Return Index due October 1, 2040  NYSE Arca

$100,000,000 2xMonthly Leveraged Long E-TRACS Linked to the Alerian MLP Infrastructure Index due July 9, 2040  NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS Linked to the Alerian Natural Gas MLP Index due July 9, 2040  NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS Linked to the Wells Fargo® MLP Index due October 29, 2040  NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS Daily Long-Short VIX ETN due November 30, 2040  NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS Linked to the Wells Fargo Business Development Company Index due April 26, 2041  NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 2×Leveraged Long E-TRACS Linked to the Wells Fargo® Business Development Company Index due May 24, 2041  NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS Oil Futures Contango ETN due June 14, 2041  NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS Natural Gas Futures Contango ETN due June 14, 2041  NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS Next Generation Internet ETN due July 19, 2041  NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 Monthly 2xLeveraged E-TRACS Next Generation Internet ETN due July 19, 2041  NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS Daily Short 1-Month S&P 500 VIX Futures ETN due September 6, 2041NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS Daily Short 2-Month S&P 500 VIX Futures ETN due September 6, 2041NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS Daily Short 3-Month S&P 500 VIX Futures ETN due September 6, 2041NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS Daily Short 4-Month S&P 500 VIX Futures ETN due September 6, 2041NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS Daily Short 5-Month S&P 500 VIX Futures ETN due September 6, 2041NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS Daily Short 6-Month S&P 500 VIX Futures ETN due September 6, 2041NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS 1-Month S&P 500 VIX Futures ETN due September 6, 2041NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS 2-Month S&P 500 VIX Futures ETN due September 6, 2041NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS 3-Month S&P 500 VIX Futures ETN due September 6, 2041NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS 4-Month S&P 500 VIX Futures ETN due September 6, 2041NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS 5-Month S&P 500 VIX Futures ETN due September 6, 2041NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS 6-Month S&P 500 VIX Futures ETN due September 6, 2041NYSE Arca

$100,000,000 E-TRACS ISE Solid State Drive Index ETN due September 13, 2041  NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS Monthly 2xLeveraged ISE Solid State Drive Index ETN due September 13, 2041  NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS Monthly 2xLeveraged ISE Cloud Computing TR Index ETN due October 4, 2041  NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS Fisher-Gartman Risk On ETN due November 27, 2041  NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 E-TRACS Fisher-Gartman Risk Off ETN due November 27, 2041  NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 ETRACS DJ-UBS Commodity Index 2-4-6 Blended Futures ETN due April 30, 2042NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 ETRACS Monthly Pay 2xLeveraged Dow Jones International Real Estate ETN due March 19, 2042NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 ETRACS Monthly Pay 2xLeveraged Dow Jones Select Dividend Index ETN due May 22, 2042NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 ETRACS Monthly Pay 2xLeveraged S&P Dividend ETN due May 22, 2042NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 FI Enhanced Big Cap Growth ETN due June 13, 2022NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 ETRACS Alerian MLP Index ETN due July 18, 2042NYSE Arca
$100,000,000 ETRACS Monthly Pay 2xLeveraged Mortgage REIT ETN due October 16, 2042NYSE Arca

 

*Not for trading, but solely in connection with the registration of the corresponding Trust Preferred Securities.

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:

None

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report contains statements that constitute “forward-looking statements”, including but not limited to management’s outlook for UBS’s financial performance and statements relating to the anticipated effect of transactions and strategic initiatives on UBS’s business and future development. While these forward-looking statements represent UBS’s judgments and expectations concerning the matters described, a number of risks, uncertainties and other important factors could cause actual developments and results to differ materially from UBS’s expectations. These factors include, but are not limited to: (1) the degree to which UBS is successful in executing its announced strategic plans and related organizational changes, in particular its plans to transform its Investment Bank, its efficiency initiatives and its planned reduction in Basel III risk-weighted assets, and whether in each case those plans and changes will, when implemented, have the effects intended; (2) developments in the markets in which UBS operates or to which it is exposed, including movements in securities prices or liquidity, credit spreads, currency exchange rates and interest rates and the effect of economic conditions and market developments on the financial position or creditworthiness of UBS’s clients and counterparties; (2)(3) changes in the availability of capital and funding, including any changes in UBS’s credit spreads and ratings; (3) the ability of UBS to reduce its Basel III risk-weighted assets in order to comply with future Swiss capital requirements without materially adversely affecting its profitability; (4) changes in financial legislation and regulation in Switzerland, the US, the UK and other major financial centers which may impose constraints on or necessitate changes in the scope and location of UBS’s business activities and in its legal and booking structures, including the imposition of more stringent capital and liquidity requirements, incremental tax requirements and constraints on remuneration; (5) possible constraints or sanctions that regulatory authorities might impose on UBS, including as a consequence of the unauthorized trading incident announced in September 2011; (6), changes in UBS’s competitive position, including whether differences in regulatory capital and other requirements among the major financial centers will adversely affect UBS’s ability to compete in certain lines of business; (7)(6) the liability to which UBS may be exposed, or possible constraints or sanctions that regulatory authorities might impose on UBS, due to litigation, contractual claims and regulatory investigations, someincluding those that may arise from the ongoing investigations relating to the setting of which stemLIBOR and other benchmark rates, from the market events and losses incurred by clients and counterparties during the financial crisis of 2007-2009; (8)2007 to 2009, and from Swiss retrocessions; (7) the effects on UBS’s cross-border banking business of international tax treaties recently negotiated byor under discussion between Switzerland and other countries and future tax or regulatory developments; (9) the degree to which UBS is successful in effecting organizational changes and implementing strategic plans, and whether those changes and plans will have the effects intended; (10)(8) UBS’s ability to retain and attract the employees necessary to generate revenues and to manage, support and control its businesses; (11)businesses, which may be affected by competitive factors including compensation practices; (9) changes in accounting standards or policies, and accounting determinations or interpretations affecting the recognition of gain or loss, the valuation of goodwill and other matters; (12)(10) limitations on the effectiveness of UBS’s internal processes for risk management, risk control, measurement and modeling, and of financial models generally; (13)(11) whether UBS will be successful in keeping pace with competitors in updating its technology, particularly in trading businesses; and (14)(12) the occurrence of operational failures, such as fraud, unauthorized trading and systems failures, either within UBSfailures; and (13) the effect that these or within a counterparty.other factors or unanticipated events may have on our reputation and the additional consequences that this may have on our business and performance. Our business and financial performance could be affected by other factors identified in our past and future filings and reports, including those filed with the SEC. More detailed information about those factors is set forth in documents furnished by UBS and filings made by UBS with the SEC. UBS is not under any obligation to (and expressly disclaims any obligation to) update or alter its forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

PART I

 

Item 1.Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisors.

Not required because this Form 20-F is filed as an annual report.

 

Item 2.Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable.

Not required because this Form 20-F is filed as an annual report.

 

Item 3.Key Information

A – Selected Financial Data.

Please seeSelected Financial Data on pages 440488 to 443491 andStatement of changes in equity on pages 292326 to 293327 of the Annual Report 20112012 of UBS AG (the “Annual Report”) which is annexed hereto and forms an integral part hereof.

The exchange rate for the Swiss franc as reported by the Federal Reserve System (H.10 Weekly) on 29 February 20128 March 2013 was CHF 0.90230.9535 per USD 1. See page 440488 of the Annual Report for additional exchange rate information.

Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.

Please see page 443491 of the Annual Report and Exhibit 7 to this Form 20-F.

B – Capitalization and Indebtedness.

Not required because this Form 20-F is filed as an annual report.

C – Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds.

Not required because this Form 20-F is filed as an annual report.

D – Risk Factors.

Please see pages 5055 to 5664 of the Annual Report.

 

Item 4.Information on the Company.

A – History and Development of the Company

1 – 3        Please seeCorporate information on page 4637 of the Annual Report.

4              Please seeThe making of UBS on pages 1214 to 1416 andOur strategy on pages 24 to 31 of the Annual Report.

5 – 7        Not applicable.

B – Business Overview.

1,2,5,7                Please refer to pages 78 to 9 and 3035 to 4651 of the Annual Report. For a breakdown of revenues by category of activity and geographic market for each of the last three financial years, please refer to NotesNote 2a and 2b to the consolidated financial statements (the “Financial Statements”) contained in the Annual Report,,Segment reporting, on pages 319352 to 322355, and Note 2b to the Financial Statements,Segment reporting by geographic location, on page 323, respectively.356 of the Annual Report.

3 Please refer toSeasonal characteristics on page 2834 of the Annual Report.

4 Not applicable.

6 None.

8 Please seeRegulatory developments andRegulation and supervision on pages 1921 to 2123 and 4752 to 49,54, respectively, of the Annual Report.

Disclosure Pursuant To Section 219 of the Iran Threat Reduction And Syrian Human Rights Act

Section 219 of the U.S. Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012 (“ITRA”) added new Section 13(r) to the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) requiring each SEC reporting issuer to disclose in its annual and, if applicable, quarterly reports whether it or any of its affiliates have knowingly engaged in certain activities, transactions or dealings relating to Iran or with the Government of Iran or certain designated natural persons or entities involved in terrorism or the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction during the period covered by the report. The required disclosure includes disclosure of activities not prohibited by U.S. or other law even if conducted outside the U.S. by non-U.S. affiliates in compliance with local law. Pursuant to Section 13(r) of the Exchange Act, we note the following for the period covered by this annual report:

UBS AG has a Group Sanctions Policy which was implemented in 2006 that prohibits transactions involving sanctioned countries, including Iran, and sanctioned individuals and entities. However, UBS continues to maintain one account involving the Iranian government under the auspices of the United Nations in Geneva after agreeing with the Swiss government that it would do so only under certain conditions. These conditions include that payments involving the account must (1) be made within Switzerland; (2) be consistent with paying rent, salaries, telephone and other expenses necessary for its operations in Geneva; and (3) not involve any Specially Designated Nationals blocked or otherwise restricted under US or Swiss law. In 2012,the gross/net revenues for this UN related account were approximately USD 26,241 which was generated by fees charged to the account; the net profit was approximately USD 14,975 after deductions were taken for UBS internal costs for maintaining the account. UBS AG intends to continue maintaining this account pursuant to the conditions it has established and consistent with its Group Sanctions Policy.

There are also certain outstanding trade finance arrangements that had been issued on behalf of Swiss client exporters in favor of their Iranian counterparties which involve four Iranian WMD designated banks. At the time these trade finance arrangements were initiated in or about 2000, none of the Iran banks involved were WMD-designated. In February 2012, due to increasing risks involving Iran, UBS ceased accepting payments on these outstanding export trade finance arrangements. Default on such arrangements is subject to insurance by a Swiss government agency with which UBS is cooperating closely. There was no financial activity conducted in connection with these trade finance arrangements in 2012. The total exposure as a result of these outstanding arrangements is approximately USD 33,185,000 and the risk to UBS, net of Swiss government guarantees, is approximately CHF 1,659,000. There were no gross revenues or net profits for 2012.

In connection with these trade finance arrangements, UBS has maintained one existing account relationship with an Iranian bank that is currently WMD designated. This account was established as a correspondent banking relationship prior to the U.S. designation. In 2006, when UBS implemented

its Group Sanctions Policy, the relationship was closed but the account was maintained due to the existing trade finance arrangements. In or about 2007, following the designation of the bank pursuant to sanctions issued by the U.S., U.N. and Switzerland, the account was blocked under Swiss law and has remained blocked since then. Client assets as of December 2012 were USD 3,470. We intend to terminate these legacy arrangements and relationships in accordance with the nature of these instruments and applicable law. As there have been no transactions involving this account in 2012 other than general account fees, there are no gross profits/net revenues to report for 2012.

In 1993, a non-Iranian individual opened a private banking relationship at a predecessor institution of UBS AG in Switzerland. In 2001, this individual was designated under Executive Order 13224 and remains so today. In 2001, the individual’s accounts at UBS AG were blocked by order of the Swiss authorities. The Swiss authorities lifted the blocking of the individual’s UBS accounts in October 2012. UBS AG does not intend to continue this activity and has been in the process of exiting this client relationship. UBS AG has frozen the client’s remaining account until it can be closed as permitted by applicable law. In 2012, the gross revenues for this client relationship were approximately USD 184,859 and the net profit was approximately USD 141,151. These amounts reflect revenues and profits from transactions in connection with the client’s exit subsequent to the unblocking of his accounts by the Swiss authorities.

C – Organizational Structure.

Please seeUBS and its businesses on pages 8 to 9 and Note 3334 to the Financial Statements,Significant subsidiaries and associates, on pages 7 and 394441 to 397442 of the Annual Report.

D – Property, Plant and Equipment.

Please seeProperty, plant and equipment on page 444 and Notes 15 and 25492, Note 16 to the Financial Statements,Property and equipment,on page 368, and Note 26 to the Financial Statements,Operating lease commitments, on pages 335 and 358, respectively,page 395, of the Annual Report.

Information Required by Industry Guide 3

Please seeInformation required by industry guide 3 on pages 445493 to 459507 of the Annual Report. See alsoSelected financial data on pages 440488 to 443491 of the Annual Report for the return on equity attributable to UBS shareholders, return on average equity, return on average assets, dividend payout ratio and ratio of average equity to average assets.

 

Item 4A.Unresolved Staff Comments.

None.There are no unresolved comments received 180 days or more before the end of the 2012 fiscal year.

 

Item 5.Operating and Financial Review and Prospects.

A – Operating Results.

Please seeKey figureson page 6,Measurement of performanceon pages 2732 to 29,34, andUBS resultson pages 6272 to 8193 of the Annual Report. For a discussion of operating results by business division, please refer to pages 8294 to 110129 of the Annual Report.

For information regarding the impact of foreign currency fluctuations, seeCorporateInterest rate and currency management on page 152pages 172 to 173 andOur global presence subjects us to risk from currency fluctuations on pages 60 to 61 of the Annual Report. For information regarding governmental policies that could affect operations, seeCurrent market climate and industry drivers on pages 18 to 20 andRegulatory developments on pages 21 to 23 of the Annual Report.

B – Liquidity and Capital Resources.

We believe that our working capital is sufficient for the company’s present requirements. Liquidity and capital management is undertaken at UBS as an integrated asset and liability management function. For a detailed discussion, please seeLiquidity and funding managementon pages 144165 to 150171 andCapital managementon pages 153174 to 160183 of the Annual Report.

For a discussion of UBS’s borrowings and cash flows, please seeBalance sheeton pages 7284 to 7587 andCash flowson pages 8092 to 8193 of the Annual Report.

Please see alsoInterest rate and currency managementon pages 151172 to 152173 of the Annual Report, and Note 1920 to the Financial Statements,Financial liabilities designated at fair value,on pages 372 to 373 and debtNote 21 to the Financial Statements,Debt issued held at amortized cost, on pages 339373 to 340374 of the Annual Report.

C – Research and Development, Patents and Licenses, etc.

Not applicable.

D – Trend Information.

Please seeCurrent market climate and industry driverson pages 1618 to 1820 of the Annual Report.

E – Off-balance Sheet Arrangements.

Please seeOff-balance sheet arrangementson pages 7688 to 7991 of the Annual Report and Notes 24 andNote 25 to the Financial Statements,Pledgeable off-balance-sheet securitiesDerivative instruments and hedge accounting, on pages 387 to 394 and Note 26 to the Financial Statements,Operating lease commitments,respectively, on page 358395 of the Annual Report.

F – Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations.

Please seeContractual obligationson page 7991 of the Annual Report.

 

Item 6.Directors, Senior Management and Employees.

A – Directors and Senior Management.

1,2,3 Please see page 5, pages 204230 to 208234 and pages 212239 to 216242 of the Annual Report.

4, 5 None.

B – Compensation.

1 Please see pages 268300 to 278312 of the Annual Report and also Note 3031 to the Financial Statements,Equity participation and other compensation plans, on pages 381428 to 390437 and Note 3132 to the Financial Statements,Related parties, on pages 391438 to 393440 of the Annual Report.

2 Please see Note 2930 to the Financial Statements,Pension and other post-employment benefit plans, on pages 375416 to 380427 of the Annual Report.

C – Board practices.

1 Please see pages 204230 to 219246 of the Annual Report.

2 Please see pages 272306 to 278312 of the Annual Report and Note 3132 to the Financial Statements,Related parties, on pages 391438 to 393440 of the Annual Report.

3 Please seeAudit committee andHuman Resources and Compensation Committeeon pages 209235 to 210236 of the Annual Report.

D—Employees.

Please seeOur employeeson pages 234263 to 239269 of the Annual Report.

E—Share Ownership.

Please see pages 273307 to 277311 in the Annual Report, Note 3031 to the Financial Statements,Equity participation and other compensation plans,on pages 381428 to 390437 of the Annual Report and “Equity holdings” in Note 3132 to the Financial Statements,Related parties,on page 391438 of the Annual Report.

 

Item 7.Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions.

A—Major Shareholders.

Please seeGroup structure and shareholderson pages 197223 to 198224 of the Annual Report. The number of shares held by the respective shareholders listed in the “Shareholders registered in the UBS share register with 3% or more of shares issued” table on page 197223 is as follows:

 

Shareholder  Number of shares held   

Chase Nominees Ltd., London

   419,533,402457,784,081  

Government of Singapore Investment Corporation, Singapore

245,517,417    

DTC (Cede & Co.), New York

   270,808,806  

Government of Singapore Investment Corp., Singapore

245,481,682202,368,918    

Nortrust Nominees Ltd., London

   160,917,513147,144,758    

The listed shareholders have the samePlease see Transferability, voting rights as other shareholdersand nominee registration on page 227 of UBS.the Annual Report for information about certain restrictions on the rights of the listed shareholders.

At December 31, 2011,2012, the portion of UBS ordinary shares held in the United States was 265,029,075436,853,595 by 1,2299,228 record holders.

B—Related Party Transactions.

Please seeLoanson page 269303 of the Annual Report, Note 3132 to the Financial Statements,Related parties,on pages 391438 to 393440 of the Annual Report andLoans granted to BoD members on 31 December 2010/20112011/2012andLoans granted to GEB members on 31 December 2010/20112011/2012 on page 278312 of the Annual Report.

The aforementioned loans (a) were made in the ordinary course of business, (b) were made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other persons, and (c) did not involve more than the normal risk of collectability or present other unfavorable features.

C—Interests of Experts and Counsel.

Not applicable because this Form 20-F is filed as an annual report.

Item 8.Financial Information.

A—Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information.

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Please see Item 18 of this Form 20-F.

7 Information on material legal and regulatory proceedings is in Note 2123 to the Financial Statements,Provisions and contingent liabilities, on pages 341375 to 348384 of the Annual Report. For developments during the year, please see also Note 15,the noteProvisions and contingent liabilities, in the Financial Information section in each of our quarterly reports: First Quarter 20112012 Report, filed on Form 6-K dated April 26, 2011;May 2, 2012 (Note 16); Second Quarter 20112012 Report, filed on Form 6-K dated July 26, 2011;31, 2012 (Note 16); Third Quarter 20112012 Report, filed on Form 6-K dated October 25, 2011;30, 2012 (Note 17); and Fourth Quarter 20112012 Report, filed on Form 6-K dated February 7, 2012.5, 2013 (Note 16). The Notes in each such Quarterly Report speak only as of their respective dates.

8 Please refer toDistributions to shareholderson page 159182 of the Annual Report for a description of UBS’s dividend policy.

B—Significant Changes.

UBS is not aware of any significant change that has occurred since the date of the annual financial statements included in this Form 20-F. Please see Note 321 to the Financial Statements,Summary of significant accounting policies, on pages 331 to 351, Note 2a to the Financial Statements,Segment reporting, on pages 352 to 355, and Note 33 to the Financial Statements,Events after the reporting period,on pages 393 to 394page 440 of the Annual Report.Report.

 

Item 9.The Offer and Listing.

A – Offer and Listing Details.

1,2,3,5,6,7 Not required because this Form 20-F is filed as an annual report.

4         Please seeStock exchange prices on page 183 of the Annual Report.

4Please seeStock exchange prices on page 160 of the Annual Report.

B—Plan of Distribution.

Not required because this Form 20-F is filed as an annual report.

C—Markets.

UBS’s shares are listed and traded on the SIX Swiss Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange. The symbols are shown on page 461509 of the Annual Report.

D—Selling Shareholders.

Not required because this Form 20-F is filed as an annual report.

E—Dilution.

Not required because this Form 20-F is filed as an annual report.

F—Expenses of the Issue.

Not required because this Form 20-F is filed as an annual report.

Item 10.Additional Information.

A—Share Capital.

Not required because this Form 20-F is filed as an annual report.

B—Memorandum and Articles of Association.

Please see the Articles of Association of UBS AG and the Organization Regulations of UBS AG (Exhibits 1.1 and 1.2, respectively, ofto this Form 20-F).

Set forth below is a summary of the material provisions of our Articles of Association, which we call the “Articles” throughout this document, Organization Regulations and the Swiss Code of Obligations relating to our shares. This description does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by references to Swiss law, including Swiss company law, and to the Articles and Organization Regulations.

The shares are registered shares with a par value of CHF 0.10 per share. The shares are fully paid up.

Each share carries one vote at our shareholders’ meetings. Voting rights may be exercised only after a shareholder has been recorded in our share register as a shareholder with voting rights. Registration with voting rights is subject to certain restrictions. See “— Transfer of Shares” and “—Shareholders’ Meeting”.

The Articles provide that we may elect not to print and deliver certificates in respect of registered shares. Shareholders may, however, following registration in the share register, request at any time that we issue a written statement in respect of their shares.

For information regarding the Board of Directors, seeElections and terms of office andOrganizational principles and structure on pages 235 to 237 of the Annual Report.

Transfer of Shares

The transfer of shares is effected by corresponding entry in the books of a bank or depository institution following an assignment in writing by the selling shareholder and notification of such assignment to us by the bank or depository institution. The transfer of shares further requires that the purchaser file a share registration form in order to be registered in our share register as a shareholder. Failing such registration, the purchaser may not vote at or participate in shareholders’ meetings.

A purchaser of shares will be recorded in our share register with voting rights upon disclosure of its name, citizenship and address. However, we may decline a registration with voting rights if the shareholder does not declare that it has acquired the shares in its own name and for its own account. If the shareholder refuses to make such declaration, it will be registered as a shareholder without voting rights.

There is no limitation under Swiss law or our Articles on the right of non-Swiss residents or nationals to own or vote our shares.

Shareholders’ Meeting

Under Swiss law, annual ordinary shareholders’ meetings must be held within six months after the end of our financial year, which is 31 December. Shareholders’ meetings may be convened by the Board of Directors (BoD) or, if necessary, by the statutory auditors, with twenty-days’ advance notice. The BoD is further required to convene an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting if so resolved by a shareholders’ meeting or if so requested by shareholders holding in aggregate at least 10% of our nominal share capital. Shareholders holding shares with an aggregate par value of at least CHF 62,500 have the right to request that a specific proposal be put on the agenda and voted upon at the next shareholders’ meeting. A shareholders’ meeting is convened by publishing a notice in the Swiss Official Commercial Gazette (Schweizerisches Handelsamtsblatt) at least twenty days prior to such meeting.

The Articles do not require a minimum number of shareholders to be present in order to hold a shareholders’ meeting.

Resolutions generally require the approval of an “absolute majority” of the votes cast at a shareholders’ meeting. Shareholders’ resolutions requiring a vote by absolute majority include:

 

Amendments to the Articles;

 

Elections of directors and statutory auditors;

 

Approval of the annual report and the consolidated statements of accounts;

 

Approval of the annual financial statements and the resolution on the use of the balance sheet profit (declaration of dividend);

 

Decisions to discharge directors and management from liability for matters disclosed to the shareholders’ meeting; and

 

Passing resolutions on matters which are by law or by the Articles reserved to the shareholders’ meeting (e.g., the ordering of an independent investigation into the specific matters proposed to the shareholders’ meeting).

Under the Articles, a resolution passed at a shareholders’ meeting with a supermajority of at least two thirds of the Shares represented at such meeting is required to:

 

Change the limits on BoD size in the Articles;

 

Remove one fourth or more of the members of the BoD; or

 

Delete or modify the above supermajority requirements.

Under Swiss corporate law, a resolution passed by at least two thirds of votes represented and an absolute majority of the par value of the shares represented must approve:

 

A change in our stated purpose in the Articles;

 

The creation of shares with privileged voting rights;

 

A restriction on transferability;transferability of shares;

 

An increase in authorized capital;or contingent capital or the creation of reserve capital in accordance with Swiss banking law;

 

An increase in capital out of equity against contribution in kind, for the purpose of acquisition and granting of special rights;

 

Changes to pre-emptive rights;

 

A change of domicile of the corporation; or

 

Dissolution of the corporation without liquidation.corporation.

At shareholders’ meetings, a shareholder can be represented by his or her legal representative or under a written power of attorney by another shareholder eligible to vote, by a corporate proxy, by the independent proxy or by a custodial proxy. Votes are taken electronically, by written ballot or by a show of hands. If a written ballot is requested by at least 3% of the votes present at the shareholders’ meeting or such ballot is ordered by the Chairman of the meeting, a written ballot will be conducted.

Net Profits and Dividends

Swiss law requires that at least 5% of the annual net profits of a corporation must be retained as general reserves for so long as these reserves amount to less than 20% of the corporation’s nominal share capital. Any net profits remaining are at the disposal of the shareholders’ meeting, except that, if an annual dividend exceeds 5% of the nominal share capital, then 10% of such excess must be retained as general reserves.

Under Swiss law, dividends may be paid out only if the corporation has sufficient distributable profits from previous business years or if the reserves of the corporation are sufficient to allow distribution of a dividend. In either event, dividends may be paid out only after approval by the shareholders’ meeting. The BoD may propose to the shareholders that a dividend be paid out, but cannot itself set the dividend.out. The auditors must confirm that the dividend proposal of the Board conforms with statutory law. In practice, the shareholders’ meeting usually approves the dividend proposal of the BoD.

Dividends are usually due and payable after the shareholders’ resolution relating to the allocation of profits has been passed. Under Swiss law, the statuestatute of limitations in respect of dividend payments is five years.

U.S. holders of shares will receive dividend payments in U.S. dollars, unless they provide notice to our U.S. transfer agent, BNY Mellon Shareowner Services,Computershare, that they wish to receive dividend payments in Swiss francs. The U.S. transfer agent will be responsible for paying the U.S. dollars or Swiss francs to registered holders, and for withholding any required amounts for taxes or other governmental charges. If the U.S. transfer agent determines, after consultation with us, that in its judgment any foreign currency received by it cannot be converted into U.S. dollars or transferred to U.S. holders, it may distribute the foreign currency received by it, or an appropriate document evidencing the right to receive such currency, or in its discretion hold such foreign currency for the accounts of U.S. holders.

Preemptive Rights

Under Swiss law, any share issue, whether for cash or non-cash consideration or for no consideration, is subject to the prior approval of the shareholders’ meeting. Shareholders of a Swiss corporation have certain preemptive rights to subscribe for new issues of shares in proportion to the nominal amount of shares held. The Articles or a resolution adopted at a shareholders’ meeting with a supermajority may, however, limit or suspend preemptive rights in certain limited circumstances.

Borrowing Power

Neither Swiss law nor the Articles restrict in any way our power to borrow and raise funds. No shareholders’ resolution is required.

Conflicts of Interests

Swiss law does not have a general provision on conflicts of interests. However, the Swiss Code of Obligations requires directors and members of senior management to safeguard the interests of the corporation and, as such, imposes a duty of care and a duty of loyalty on directors and officers. This rule is generally understood as disqualifying directors and senior officers from participating in

decisions that directly affect them. Directors and officers are personally liable to the corporation for any breach of these provisions. In addition, Swiss law contains a provision under which payments made to a shareholder or a director or any person associated therewith, other than at arm’s length, must be repaid to us if the shareholder or director was acting in bad faith.

In addition, our Organization Regulations prohibit any member of the BoD from participating in discussions and decision-making regarding a matter as to which he or she has a conflict of interest.

Repurchase of Shares

Swiss law limits a corporation’s ability to hold or repurchase its own shares. We and our subsidiaries may only repurchase shares if we have sufficient free reserves to pay the purchase price and if the aggregate nominal value of the shares does not exceed 10% of our nominal share capital. Furthermore, we must create a special reserve on our balance sheet in the amount of the purchase price of the acquired shares. Such shares held by us or our subsidiaries do not carry any rights to vote at shareholders’ meetings.

Notices

Notices to shareholders are made by publication in the Swiss Official Gazette of Commerce. The BoD may designate further means of communication for publishing notices to shareholders.

Notices required under the listing rules of the SIX Swiss Exchange will be published in two Swiss newspapers in German and French. We or the SIX Swiss Exchange may also disseminate the relevant information on the online exchange information systems.

Registration and Business Purpose

We are registered as a corporation in the commercial registers of Canton Zurich and Canton Basle-City under the registration number CH-270.3.004.646-4 and have registered offices in Zurich and Basel, Switzerland.

Our business purpose, as set forth in our Articles, is the operation of a bank, with a scope of operations extending to all types of banking, financial, advisory, trading and service activities in Switzerland and abroad.

Duration, Liquidation and Merger

Our duration is unlimited.

Under Swiss law, we may be dissolved at any time by a shareholders’ resolution which must be passed by (1) an absolute majority of the shares represented at the meeting in the event we are to be dissolved by way of liquidation, or (2) a supermajority of at least two thirds of the votes represented and an absolute majority of the par value of the shares represented at the meeting in other events (for example, in a merger where we are not the surviving entity). Dissolution by court order is possible if we become bankrupt.

Under Swiss law, any surplus arising out of a liquidation (after the settlement of all claims of all creditors) is distributed to shareholders in proportion to the paid-up nominal value of shares held.

Disclosure of Principal Shareholders

Under the applicable provisions of the new Swiss Stock Exchange Act, shareholders and shareholders acting in concert with third parties who reach, exceed or fall below the thresholds of 3%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 33 1/3%, 50% or 66 2/3% of the voting rights of a Swiss listed corporation must notify the corporation and the SIX Swiss Exchange on which such shares are listed of such holdings, whether or not the voting rights can be exercised. Following receipt of such notification, the corporation has the obligation to inform the public. The corporation must disclose in an attachment to the balance sheet the identity of any shareholders who own in excess of 5% of its shares.

Mandatory Tender Offer

Under the Swiss Stock Exchange Act, shareholders and groups of shareholders acting in concert who acquire more than 33 1/3% of the voting rights of a listed Swiss company will have to submit a takeover bid to all remaining shareholders. A waiver from the mandatory bid rule may be granted by our supervisory authority. If no waiver is granted, the mandatory takeover bid must be made pursuant to the procedural rules set forth in the Swiss Stock Exchange Act and implementing ordinances.

Other

Ernst & Young Ltd, Aeschengraben 9, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland, have been appointed as statutory auditors and as auditors of the consolidated accounts of UBS. The auditors are subject to confirmation by the shareholders at the ordinary general meeting on an annual basis.

Please seeCapital structureon pages 199225 to 201,227,Shareholders’ participation rightson pages 202228 to 203229 andElectionsElection and terms of officeon page 208235 of the Annual Report.

C—Material Contracts.

The Fiscal Agency AgreementAgreements related to the loss-absorbing tier 2 notenotes issued on 22 February 2012 and 17 August 2012 are filed herewith as exhibits. Please see the description of these notes underBasel 2.5 tier 2 capital on pages 176 to 177 of the Annual Report.

The Non-Prosecution Agreement that UBS entered into with the US Department of Justice on December 18, 2012, is filed herewith as an exhibit. Please see the description of this note underagreement in paragraph 13 of Note 23b to the Financial Statements,Tier 2 capitalLitigation, regulatory and similar matters, on page 156pages 382 to 383 of the Annual Report.Report

D—Exchange Controls.

There are no restrictions under UBS’s Articles of Association or Swiss law, presently in force, that limit the right of non-resident or foreign owners to hold UBS’s securities freely. There are currently no Swiss foreign exchange controls or other Swiss laws restricting the import or export of capital by UBS or its subsidiaries. In addition, there are currently no restrictions under Swiss law affecting the remittance of dividends, interest or other payments to non-resident holders of UBS securities.

E—Taxation.

This section outlines the material Swiss tax and U.S. federal income tax consequences of the ownership of UBS ordinary shares by a U.S. holder (as defined below) who holds UBS ordinary shares as capital assets. It is designed to explain the major interactions between Swiss and U.S. taxation for U.S. persons who hold UBS shares.

The discussion does not address the tax consequences to persons who hold UBS ordinary shares in particular circumstances, such as tax-exempt entities, banks, financial institutions, life insurance

companies, broker-dealers, traders in securities that elect to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for securities holdings, holders liable for alternative minimum tax, holders that actually or constructively own 10% or more of the voting stock of UBS, holders that hold UBS ordinary shares as part of a straddle or a hedging or conversion transaction, holders that purchase or sell ordinary shares as part of a wash sale for tax purposes or holders whose functional currency for U.S. tax purposes is not the U.S. dollar. This discussion also does not apply to holders who acquired their UBS ordinary shares through a tax-qualified retirement plan, nor generally to unvested UBS ordinary shares held under deferred compensation arrangements.

If a partnership holds UBS ordinary shares, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner will generally depend on the status of the partner and the tax treatment of the partnership. A partner in a partnership holding the ordinary shares should consult its tax advisor with regard to the U.S. federal income tax treatment of an investment in the ordinary shares.

The discussion is based on the tax laws of Switzerland and the United States, including the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, its legislative history, existing and proposed regulations under the Internal Revenue Code, published rulings and court decisions, as in effect on the date of this document, as well as the Convention between the United States of America and the Swiss Confederation for the Avoidance of Double Taxation with Respect to Taxes on Income, which we call the “Treaty,” all of which may be subject to change or change in interpretation, possibly with retroactive effect.

For purposes of this discussion, a “U.S. holder” is any beneficial owner of UBS ordinary shares that is for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

 

A citizen or resident of the United States;

 

A domestic corporation or other entity taxable as a corporation;

 

An estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income tax without regard to its source; or

 

A trust, if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust.

The discussion does not generally address any aspects of Swiss taxation other than income and capital taxation or of U.S. taxation other than federal income taxation. Holders of UBS shares are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal, state and local and the Swiss and other tax consequences of owning and disposing of these shares in their particular circumstances.

(a) Ownership of UBS Ordinary Shares-Swiss Taxation

Dividends and Distributions

Dividends paid by UBS to a holder of UBS ordinary shares (including dividends on liquidation proceeds and stock dividends) are in principle subject to a Swiss federal withholding tax at a rate of 35%.

Until the end of 2010, the Par Value Principle was applicable. Under the Par Value Principle any distribution, which was not a repayment of the par value of the shares, was subject to Swiss withholding tax.

On 1 January 2011, the Par Value Principle was replaced by the Capital Contribution Principle. Under the Capital Contribution Principle, the repayment of capital contributions, including share premiums made by the shareholders after December 31, 1996 is in principle no longer subject to Swiss withholding tax if certain requirements regarding the booking of these capital contributions are met. The Swiss Federal Tax Administration issued guidelines on how the Capital Contribution Principle has to be applied. Nevertheless certain aspects are still unclear and disputed respectively.

A U.S. holder that qualifies for Treaty benefits may apply for a refund of the withholding tax withheld in excess of the 15% Treaty rate (or for a full refund in case of qualifying retirement arrangements). The claim for refund must be filed with the Swiss Federal Tax Administration, Eigerstrasse 65, CH-3003 Berne, Switzerland no later than December 31 of the third year following the end of the calendar year in which the income subject to withholding was due. The form used for obtaining a refund is Swiss Tax Form 82 (82 C for companies; 82 E for other entities; 82 I for individuals; 82 R for regulated investment companies), which may be obtained from any Swiss Consulate General in the United States or from the Swiss Federal Tax Administration at the address above. The form must be filled out in triplicate with each copy duly completed and signed before a notary public in the United States. The form must be accompanied by evidence of the deduction of withholding tax withheld at the source.

BNY Mellon Shareowner Services, the registrar for UBS AG shares in the United States, is offering tax reclamation services for the cash dividends.

Transfers of UBS Ordinary Shares

The purchase or sale of UBS ordinary shares, whether by Swiss resident or non-resident holders (including U.S. holders), may be subject to a Swiss securities transfer stamp duty of up to 0.15% calculated on the purchase price or sale proceeds if it occurs through or with a bank or other securities dealer in Switzerland as defined in the Swiss Federal Stamp Tax Act in Switzerland or the Principality of Liechtenstein. In addition to the stamp duty, the sale of UBS ordinary shares by or through a member of a recognized stock exchange may be subject to a stock exchange levy.

Capital gains realized by a U.S. holder upon the sale of UBS ordinary shares are not subject to Swiss income or gains taxes, unless such U.S. holder holds such shares as business assets of a Swiss business operation qualifying as a permanent establishment for the purposes of the Treaty. In the latter case, gains are taxed at ordinary Swiss individual or corporate income tax rates, as the case may be, and losses are deductible for purposes of Swiss income taxes.

(b) Ownership of UBS Ordinary Shares-U.S. Federal Income Taxation

Dividends and Distributions

Subject to the passive foreign investment company rules discussed below, U.S. holders will include in gross income the gross amount of any dividend paid, before reduction for Swiss withholding taxes, by UBS out of its current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as ordinary income when the dividend is actually or constructively received by the U.S. holder. Distributions in excess of current and accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of the U.S. holder’s basis in its UBS ordinary shares and thereafter as capital gain.

Dividends paid to a noncorporate U.S. holder in taxable years beginning before January 1, 2013 that constitute qualified dividend income will be taxable to the holder at a maximum rate of 15%20%, provided that the holder has a holding period in the shares of more than 60 days during the 121-day period beginning 60 days before the ex-dividend date and meets other holding period requirements. Dividends paid by UBS with respect to the shares will generally be qualified dividend income.

For U.S. federal income tax purposes, a dividend will include a distribution characterized under Swiss law as a repayment of capital contributions if the distribution is made out of current or accumulated earnings and profits, as described above.

Dividends will generally be income from sources outside the United States for foreign tax credit limitation purposes, and will, depending on the holder’s circumstances, be either “passive” or “general” income for purposes of computing the foreign tax credit allowable to the holder. Special

rules apply in determining the foreign tax credit limitation with respect to dividends that are subject to the maximum 15%20% rate. The dividend will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction generally allowed to U.S. corporations in respect of dividends received from other U.S. corporations.

The amount of the dividend distribution included in income of a U.S. holder will be the U.S. dollar value of the Swiss franc payments made, determined at the spot Swiss franc/U.S. dollar rate on the date such dividend distribution is includible in the income of the U.S. holder, regardless of whether the payment is in fact converted into U.S. dollars. Generally, any gain or loss resulting from currency exchange fluctuations during the period from the date the dividend distribution is included in income to the date such dividend distribution is converted into U.S. dollars will be treated as ordinary income or loss and will not be eligible for the special tax rate applicable to qualified dividend income. Such gain or loss will generally be income or loss from sources within the United States for foreign tax credit limitation purposes.

Subject to U.S. foreign tax credit limitations, the nonrefundable Swiss tax withheld and paid over to Switzerland will be creditable or deductible against the U.S. holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability. To the extent a refund of the tax withheld is available to a U.S. holder under the laws of Switzerland or under the Treaty, the amount of tax withheld that is refundable will not be eligible for credit against the U.S. holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, whether or not the refund is actually obtained. See “(a) Ownership of UBS Ordinary Shares – Swiss Taxation” above, for the procedures for obtaining a tax refund.

Transfers of UBS Ordinary Shares

Subject to the passive foreign investment company rules discussed below, a U.S. holder that sells or otherwise disposes of UBS ordinary shares generally will recognize capital gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes equal to the difference between the U.S. dollar value of the amount realized and the tax basis, determined in U.S. dollars, in the UBS ordinary shares. Capital gain of a non-corporate U.S. holder is generally taxed at preferential rates if the UBS ordinary shares were held for more than one year. The gain or loss will generally be income or loss from sources within the United States for foreign tax credit limitation purposes.

Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules

UBS believes that UBS ordinary shares should not be treated as stock of a passive foreign investment company for U.S. federal income tax purposes, but this conclusion is a factual determination made annually and thus may be subject to change. In general, UBS will be a passive foreign investment company with respect to a U.S. holder if, for any taxable year in which the U.S. holder held UBS ordinary shares, either (i) at least 75% of the gross income of UBS for the taxable year is passive income or (ii) at least 50% of the value, determined on the basis of a quarterly average, of UBS’s assets is attributable to assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income (including cash). If UBS were to be treated as a passive foreign investment company, then unless a U.S. holder were to make a mark-to-market election with respect to the UBS ordinary shares, gain realized on the sale or other disposition of UBS ordinary shares would in general not be treated as capital gain. Instead, a U.S. holder would be treated as if the holder had realized such gain and certain “excess distributions” ratably over the three preceding taxable years or, if shorter, the holder’s holding period for the shares and would be taxed at the highest tax rate in effect for each such year to which the gain was allocated, together with an interest charge in respect of the tax attributable to each such year. With certain exceptions, a holder’s UBS ordinary shares will be treated as stock in a passive foreign investment company if UBS was a passive foreign investment company at any time during the holder’s holding period in the UBS ordinary shares. In addition, dividends received from UBS would not be eligible for the preferential tax rate applicable to qualified dividend income if UBS were to be treated as a passive foreign investment company either in the taxable year of the distribution or the preceding taxable year, but would instead be taxable at rates applicable to ordinary income.

F—Dividends and Paying Agents.

Not required because this Form 20-F is filed as an annual report.

G—Statement by Experts.

Not required because this Form 20-F is filed as an annual report.

H—Documents on Display.

UBS files periodic reports and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission. You may read and copy any document that we file with the SEC on the SEC’s website, www.sec.gov, or at the SEC’s public reference room at 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 (in the United States) or at +1 202 942 8088 (outside the United States) for further information on the operation of its public reference room. Much of this additional information may also be found on the UBS website at www.ubs.com/investors.

I—Subsidiary Information.

Not applicable.

 

Item 11.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

(a) Quantitative Information About Market Risk.

Please seeMarket riskon pages 133154 to 139160 of the Annual Report.

(b) Qualitative Information About Market Risk.

Please seeMarket riskon pages 133154 to 139160 of the Annual Report.

(c) Interim Periods.

Not applicable.

 

Item 12.Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities.

A – Debt Securities

Not required because this Form 20-F is filed as an annual report.

B – Warrants and Rights

Not required because this Form 20-F is filed as an annual report.

C – Other Securities

Not required because this Form 20-F is filed as an annual report.

D – American Depositary Shares

1,2 Not required because this Form 20-F is filed as an annual report.

3,4 Not applicable.

PART II

 

Item 13.Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies.

There has been no material default in respect of any indebtedness of UBS or any of its significant subsidiaries or any arrearages of dividends or any other material delinquency not cured within 30 days relating to any preferred stock of UBS AG or any of its significant subsidiaries.

 

Item 14.Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds.

Not applicable.None.

 

Item 15.Controls and Procedures.

(a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures.Procedures

Please seeUS regulatoryU.S. Regulatory disclosure requirementson page 221248 of the Annual Report. See also Exhibit 12 to this Form 20-F.

(b) Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.Reporting

Please seeManagement’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reportingon page 284pages 317 to 318 of the Annual Report.

(c) Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm.Form

Please seeReport of independent registered public accounting firm on internal control over financial reporting on pages 285319 to 286320 of the Annual Report.

(d) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting.Reporting

Please seeUpdate on internalRemediation of identified control over financial reportingdeficiencies on page 283pages 317 to 318 of the Annual Report for a discussion of changes in UBS’s internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation of such controls described therein.made during 2012.

 

Item 15T.Controls and Procedures.

Not applicable.

 

Item 16A.Audit Committee Financial Expert.

Please seeAudit committeeon page 209pages 235 to 236 andCorporate governanceon page 196222 of the Annual Report.

Item 16B.  CodeCode of Ethics.

TheThere was no substantive amendment to the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the “Code”) was not amended in 2011.2012, although minor updating changes were made. No waiver from any provision of the Code was granted to any employee in 2011.2012.

The Code is published on our website underhttp://www.ubs.com/1/e/investors/corporategovernance/business_conduct.html.business_conduct.html.

Item 16C.  Principal Accountant Fees and Services.

Item 16C.Principal Accountant Fees and Services.

Please seeAuditorson pages 218245 to 219246 of the Annual Report. None of the non-audit services disclosed in the table on page 219245 were approved by the Audit Committee pursuant to paragraph (c) (7)(i)(C ) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X.

Item 16D.  Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees.

Item 16D.Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees.

Not applicable.

Item 16E.  Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers.

Item 16E.Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers.

Please seeTreasury share activitieson page 159181 of the Annual Report.

Item 16F.  Changes in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant.

Item 16F.Changes in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant.

Not applicable.

Item 16G.  Corporate Governance.

Item 16G.Corporate Governance.

Please seeCorporate governance on page 196222 of the Annual Report.

PART III

 

Item 17.Financial Statements.

Not applicable.

 

Item 18.Financial Statements.

Please see the Financial Statements and the Notes to the Financial Statements on pages 280314 to 410455 of the Annual Report.

 

Item 19.Exhibits.

 

Exhibit
number

 

Description

1.1 Articles of Association of UBS AG. (Incorporated by reference to UBS AG’s Report of Foreign Private Issuer on Form 6-K filed May 6, 2011)24, 2012)
1.2 Organization Regulations of UBS AG. (Incorporated by reference to UBS AG’s Report of Foreign Private Issuer on Form 6-K filed January 4, 2012)3, 2013)
2(b) Instruments defining the rights of the holders of long-term debt issued by UBS AG and its subsidiaries.
 We agree to furnish to the SEC upon request, copies of the instruments, including indentures, defining the rights of the holders of our long-term debt and of our subsidiaries’ long-term debt.
4.1 Fiscal Agency Agreement dated 22 February 2012 between UBS AG, acting through its Jersey branch, and The Bank of New York Mellon, acting through its London Branch. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to UBS AG’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011).
4.2Fiscal Agency Agreement dated August 17, 2012 between UBS AG, acting through its Stamford Branch, and U.S. Bank, N.A.
4.3Non-Prosecution Agreement dated 18 December 2012 between UBS AG and the U.S. Department of Justice, Criminal Division, Fraud Section.
7 Statement regarding ratio of earnings to fixed charges.
8 Significant Subsidiaries of UBS AG.
 Please see Note 3334 to the Financial StatementsSignificant subsidiaries and associates, on pages 394441 to 397442 of the Annual Report.
12 The certifications required by Rule 13(a)-14(a) (17 CFR 240.13a-14(a))
13 The certifications required by Rule 13(a)-14(b) (17 CFR 240.13a-14(b)) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the U.S. Code (18 U.S.C. 1350).
15 Consent of Ernst & Young Ltd.

SIGNATURES

The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.

 

UBS AG

    /s/    Sergio Ermotti

Name: Sergio Ermotti
Title: Group Chief Executive Officer

 

    /s/    Tom Naratil

Name: Tom Naratil
Title: Group Chief Financial Officer

March 15, 201214, 2013

INDEX TO EXHIBITS

 

Exhibit
number

 

Description

1.1 Articles of Association of UBS AG. (Incorporated by reference to UBS AG’s Report of Foreign Private Issuer on Form 6-K filed May 6, 2011)
1.2 Organization Regulations of UBS AG. (Incorporated by reference to UBS AG’s Report of Foreign Private Issuer on Form 6-K filed January 4, 2012)3, 2013)
2(b) Instruments defining the rights of the holders of long-term debt issued by UBS AG and its subsidiaries.
 We agree to furnish to the SEC upon request, copies of the instruments, including indentures, defining the rights of the holders of our long-term debt and of our subsidiaries’ long-term debt.
4.1 Fiscal Agency Agreement dated 22 February 2012 between UBS AG, acting through its Jersey branch, and The Bank of New York Mellon, acting through its London Branch. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to UBS AG’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011).
4.2Fiscal Agency Agreement dated August 17, 2012 between UBS AG, acting through its Stamford Branch, and U.S. Bank, N.A.
4.3Non-Prosecution Agreement dated 18 December 2012 between UBS AG and the U.S. Department of Justice, Criminal Division, Fraud Section.
7 Statement regarding ratio of earnings to fixed charges.
8 Significant Subsidiaries of UBS AG.
 Please see Note 3334 to the Financial StatementsSignificant subsidiaries and associates, on pages 394441 to 397442 of the Annual Report.
12 The certifications required by Rule 13(a)-14(a) (17 CFR 240.13a-14(a))
13 The certifications required by Rule 13(a)-14(b) (17 CFR 240.13a-14(b)) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the U.S. Code (18 U.S.C. 1350).
15 Consent of Ernst & Young Ltd.

LOGOLOGO

   Annual Report 20112012  

 

LOGOLOGO

Ourperformancein 20112012


 

 

 


   Contents

 

2 Letter to shareholders
6 Key figures
78 UBS and its businesses
810 Our Board of Directors
1012 Our Group Executive Board
1214 The making of UBS
1. 

Operating environment

and strategy

1618 Current market climate and industry drivers
1921 Regulatory developments
2224 Our strategy
2732 Measurement of performance
3035 Wealth Management
3338Wealth Management Americas
41Investment Bank
44Global Asset Management
48 Retail & Corporate
35Wealth Management Americas
38Global Asset Management
42Investment Bank
4550 Corporate Center
4752 Regulation and supervision
5055 Risk factors
2. 

Financial and

operating performance

5866 Critical accounting policies
6270Significant accounting and financial reporting structure changes
72 UBS results
7284 Balance sheet
7688 Off-balance sheet
8092 Cash flows
8394 Wealth Management
86100Wealth Management Americas
106Investment Bank
112Global Asset Management
119 Retail & Corporate
89Wealth Management Americas
95Global Asset Management
102Investment Bank
108123 Corporate Center
 
 
 
 
 
 
3. 

Risk, treasury and

capital management

112132 Risk management and control
116136 Credit risk
133154 Market risk
140161 Operational risk
142164 Treasury management
144165 Liquidity and funding management
151172 Interest rate and currency management
153174 Capital management
161184 Basel 2.5 Pillar 3
4. 

Corporate governance, responsibility

and compensation

196222 Corporate governance
222249 Corporate responsibility
234263 Our employees
242270 Compensation
5. 

Financial

information

284317 Consolidated financial statements

297331

 Notes to the consolidated financial statements

414457

 UBS AG Parent Bank financial statements(Parent Bank)

439487

 Additional disclosure required under SEC regulations (including industry guide 3)
 Appendix
461509 UBS registered shares
462510 Information sources
464511 Cautionary statement
 


Annual Report 20112012

Letter to shareholders

 

Dear shareholders,

 

For2012 was an important milestone in our firm’s history. We celebrated our 150th anniversary and also began executing our strategy to position the financialbank for sustainable success amidst the ongoing changes in our industry. Our anniversary gave us the opportunity to reflect on our strong heritage together with clients and other stakeholders around the globe, deepening existing relationships and establishing new ones. UBS has a long tradition of adapting successfully to change while maintaining the qualities of excellence and client focus which have always been our hallmarks. 2012 was such a year of adaptation, during which we took decisive action to prepare the bank for the future.

At the end of 2011, we reportdefined a net profit attributableclear strategic direction for our firm designed to UBS shareholdersaddress the challenges of CHF 4.2 billionan operating and diluted earnings per share of CHF 1.08. Duringregulatory environment that is fundamentally changing. Our strategy is shaped by the yearfirm’s guiding principles that place our clients’ interests first and demands we strengthenedaim for excellence in everything we do in order to deliver sustainable performance. We believe our capital strength, enhanced risk controls and efforts to drive operational efficiency are also prerequisites for success in the changed environment.

Our strategy focuses on our pre-eminent wealth management businesses and leading universal bank in Switzerland, complemented by Global Asset Management and the Investment Bank. In 2012, we made excellent progress in further building our industry-leading capital position and exceeded our targets for risk-weighted asset reduction. We continued to implement Group-wide cost reduction and efficiency measures, and strengthened our operational risk controls significantly. In October, from a position of strength, we announced the acceleration of the implementation of our strategy in two crucial areas: significantly reducing the risk, complexity and balance sheet usage associated with our Investment Bank’s activities; and implementing firm-wide programs to enhance operational excellence and efficiency. We are pleased that our actions have been well received by our clients, shareholders and bondholders.

As the world’s leading wealth management firm we consider capital strength to be crucial for future success and, on a Basel IIIII fully applied basis, we believe we are the best-capitalized global bank. Our fully applied Basel III common equity tier 1 capital ratio increasing significantlyratio¹ increased by 310 basis points to 19.6% from 17.8%end the year at 9.8%, andalready very close to our regulator’s minimum 2019 requirement of 10%. On a phase-in

basis, our Basel 2.5III common equity tier 1 ratio¹ increased 460 basis points to 15.3%. Another notable achievement during the year was the successful issuance of USD 4 billion of Basel III-compliant, low-trigger, loss-absorbing capital ratio rising to 15.9%. We attracted significant net new money inflows despite the challenging operating environment, recording combined net inflows in our wealth- and asset-gathering businesses of almost CHF 40 billion. We have also made progress in reducing bothbonds. Reducing risk-weighted assets and costs and, taking into account the challenges we faced, the performance of our businesses gives us great confidence in the firm’s future. We are therefore proposing to pay a dividend1balance sheet size is crucial to our shareholders for the financial year 2011 of CHF 0.10 per share, subjectplans to shareholder approval atfurther strengthen our Annual General Meeting of Shareholders (AGM) in May.

2011 was challenging for the firm and the industry as a whole. Markets were affected by ongoing concerns surrounding eurozone sovereign debt, the European banking system, the US federal budget deficit and economic growth issues, all of which affected client confidence. Activity levels were very subdued as many investors sought out safe haven investments, including in the Swiss franc, and remained on the sidelines of markets for most of the second half of the year.capital ratios. We also facedreduced our own challenges, as in September we discovered unauthorized trading that led to a loss of CHF 1.8 billion.

DuringBasel III fully applied risk-weighted assets significantly, finishing the year it became increasingly clear that higher regulatory capital and liquidity requirements would put pressure on structures and business models throughout the industry, fundamentally impacting many business areas, most notably for investment banks. In light of the changed market environment and more stringent regulatory requirements, the Board of Directors and Group Executive Board re-evaluated the Group’s strategy to ensure we continue to place our clients32% lower than at the centerend of everything we do and with the ultimate goal of delivering more attractive and sustainable returns2011. We were particularly effective in future. The results of this re-evaluation were presented at our Investor Day 2011.

Our future strategic course has now been set: our wealth management businesses globally and our universal bank in Switzerland are central to our strategy. In order to serve the needs of our core wealth management clients, our Global Asset Management business and our Investment Bank must each be strong and successful in meeting the needs of their

clients. Going forward, our Investment Bank will be less complex and less capital intensive. It will focus firmly on its corporate, institutional, sovereign, ultra high net worth, wealth management and other clients and will be an important partner to them. Only a competitive and successful Investment Bank will enable us to take our wealth management businesses to the next level.

Our plans build on the strengths of all of our businesses together with our leading capital and sound liquidity and funding profile. The new operating environment will require the industry to build capital and improve capital efficiency. In line with our desire to reduce complexity and drive high-quality risk-adjusted returns, by 2016 we aim to reducereducing risk-weighted assets in the Investment Bank and our Legacy Portfolio. The vast majority of the reductions achieved in our Investment Bank and in our Legacy Portfolio resulted from sales and other reductions of exposures. Over the legacy portfolio togetheryear we reduced our balance sheet by 50% compared with 30 September 2011 levels calculated on a pro forma Basel III basis.

We believeCHF 158 billion, which we expect will lower our leading capital position gives us a distinct competitive advantage, and we are determined to build on this strength to maintain that advantage in the Basel III banking environment. FIN-MA, our Swiss regulator, will require that systemically important banks such as UBS hold significantly higher levels of total capitalfunding costs in future. We made good progress towards achievingmaintained our strategic target of a common equity tier 1 ratio of 13% under Basel III, well above FINMA’s minimum requirements,strong liquidity and funding positions, ending the year with an estimated ratio of 10.8%. As a further step towards meeting these more stringent requirements, we also initiated an issuance program of loss-absorbing capital in February 2012 with a USDBasel III estimated pro-forma liquidity coverage ratio of 113% and an estimated pro-forma net stable funding ratio of 108%. Both ratios are comfortably above the regulatory requirements of 100%. Our increased financial strength allowed us the flexibility to execute our strategy, provided reassurance for our clients, shareholders and other stakeholders, and enabled us to address issues of the past, both those specific to UBS and others that apply to the industry as a whole.

Maintaining cost discipline and ensuring we operate as effectively as possible is also critical to the long-term success of the firm. As previously announced, we are targeting total cost savings of CHF 5.4 billion, including incremental cost savings of CHF 3.4 billion in addition to the CHF 2 billion inaugural issue. Wecost-savings program announced in August 2011. In 2012, we continued to reduce risk-weighted assetsmake progress in reducing our underlying cost base, and have achieved CHF 1.4 billion of effective run-rate cost-reductions since mid-2011, excluding foreign exchange movements and the increase in legal expenses in 2012. Over the fourth quarter alone,next three years we achievedexpect to make significant investments that will enable us to serve our clients with greater agility, improving quality and speed to market.

Strong operational risk controls enable us to deploy appropriate levels of risk in order to better serve our clients and generate sustainable financial performance. During the year we strengthened these controls further and stepped up our efforts to reinforce a 5% reduction in pro forma Basel III risk-weighted assets2. We are determined to build on this progress over coming quarters,culture of accountability and responsibility. Nevertheless, there is no room for complacency and we will remain vigilant to ensure that the appropriate checks and balances are confident thatin place. As a result of our targetedsuccess in building our capital structure, which is well in excess of international core capital requirements, will bolster confidence further in the firm. The more stringent Basel III capital and liquidity requirements will likely lead to greater competition for stable sources of funding, both secured funding and deposits, and to increased funding costs. Our sound funding position, derived from our wealth management businessesratios and our Retail & Corporate business, reinforces our financial position further.

In line with our new strategy, we updated our financial targets for our business divisions and the Group, underlined our determina-efforts to

 

 

1   The term “dividend” is used throughout the report, notwithstanding that for Swiss tax purposes the distribution is characterized as a payment from capital contribution reserves. Refer to the “Statement of appropriation of retained earnings” of the Parent Bank in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  2  Our pro formapro-forma Basel III risk-weighted assetsinformation is not required to be presented because Basel III requirements were not in effect on 31 December 2012. Such measures are non-GAAP financial measures as defined by SEC regulations. We nevertheless include information on the basis of Basel III requirements because they are effective as of 1 January 2013 and significantly impact our RWA and eligible capital. The calculation is a combination of theour pro-forma Basel III RWA combines existing Basel 2.5 risk-weighted assets,RWA, a revised treatment for low-rated securitization exposures which applies a fixed risk weighting, as well as severalthat are no longer deducted from capital but are risk-weighted at 1250%, and new model-based capital charges which require the developmentcharges. Some of these new models require final regulatory approval and calculation engines. Our pro forma Basel III risk-weighted assets are based ontherefore our pro-forma calculations include estimates (discussed with our primary regulator) of the impacteffect of these new capital charges andwhich will be refined as we progress with our implementationmodels and the associated systems are enhanced.

LOGO

Axel A. Weber Chairman of the new models and associated systems.

2


LOGO

Board of Directors        Sergio P. Ermotti Group Chief Executive Officer        Kaspar Villiger Chairman of the Board of Directors

 

3


Annual Report 20112012

Letter to shareholders

 

tion to controlreduce costs and announced our intention to implement a progressive capital returns policy, beginning with the CHF 0.10 dividend we propose to pay this year.

We are well advanced in implementing our CHF 2 billion cost reduction program announced in July, and we expect to see more of the benefits as a result of these measures coming through in 2012 and 2013. We remain vigilant on costs and will continue to seek additional efficiencies by exploring opportunities to lower the structural cost base of the firm. As already stated, our capacity for further tactical cost-cutting measures is limited and we must focus on strategic changes which go to the heart of our organizational design and structures. In addition,operational risks we will monitor markets activelybe better able to focus our energies and if conditions deteriorate materially,resources on driving growth in our businesses.

In 2012, we will take further measuresmade substantial progress towards achieving our strategic objectives and recorded a resilient underlying performance. However, our overall results for the year were affected by the costs involved in shaping the business for future success and in connection with litigation and regulatory matters to reduce our cost base.

Despiteaddress issues from the challengespast, including the settlements reached in relation to LIBOR. Consequently, we faced in 2011, most of our businesses delivered improved profitability compared with the prior year. Wealth Management reported a pre-tax profit of CHF 2.7 billion, up from CHF 2.3 billion in 2010. Wealth Management Americas made notable progress reporting a pre-tax profit of CHF 534 million compared with a loss of CHF 1301,774 million and a net loss attributable to UBS shareholders of CHF 2,511 million. Diluted earnings per share for the year were negative CHF 0.67. Adjusted for the effects of own credit, restructuring charges, goodwill impairments, and credits related to changes in the prior year,benefit and our Retail & Corporate businesspension plans, we recorded a pre-tax profit of CHF 1.9 billion, up from CHF 1.8 billion, attracting3.0 billion.

We made solid progress across all businesses in 2012. Notably, our Wealth Management business continued to see success in the highest level offastest growing global markets while adapting to the new client assets since 2007.cross-border paradigm. Together, these businesses delivered a 30% increase in pre-tax profits compared with the previous year. We also saw a marked improvement in our net new money performance across our wealth management businesses. Wealth Management’s net new money improved significantly, with net inflows of CHF 23.5 billion compared with net outflows of CHF 12.1 billion in 2010, reflecting improvements in all regions and client segments. Wealth Management Americasbusinesses attracted strong net new money inflows totaling almost CHF 47 billion, an increase of over CHF 11 billion on 2011 and an illustration of our clients’ trust. Wealth Management Americas continued to make strong progress and achieved a record pre-tax profit of USD 873 million, an increase of 40% on 2011. Our Retail & Corporate business delivered a resilient pre-tax performance and continued to regain market share. It performed exceptionally well in relation to net new business volume growth, which reached almost 5%, and recorded deposit inflows of CHF 12.114 billion, compared with outflows of CHF 6.1 billionincluding the highest net new client assets for retail clients in 2010. This turnaround reflects the success we have hadSwitzerland since 2001. Global Asset Management achieved an increased pre-tax profit in both retaining and recruiting experienced financial advisors during the year.

In a difficult year for the asset management industry, as it delivered stronger investment performance to its clients. The Investment Bank beat our Global Asset Management business reported a pre-tax profit of CHF 428 million. Although de-risking continuedtargets in relation to dominate investors’ decisions,risk-weighted asset and balance-sheet reductions, allowing the business achieved an increase in total net new money during 2011. Notably, we attracted net inflows from third-party clients of CHF 12.2firm to reach its current industry-leading capital ratios. It performed well

billion, excluding money market flows. Clients continued to recognize the strengthsin many of the business’s diversified product rangeits traditional areas of competitive strength, expanding in equity and in particular, its leading alternative investment offeringsdebt capital markets and fast-growing passive capabilities. Expanding these areas remains a key strategic objective for the business in order to capture the opportunities presented by the longer-term industry trends.

A reduction in volumes and client activity as well as the strengthening of the Swiss franc impacted the Investment Bank’s result for the year, as did the CHF 1.8 billion loss associated with the unauthorized trading incident in September. As soon as this incident was discovered we acted swiftly to mitigate its effects on the firm and our shareholders. We were deeply disappointed by this occurrence and we have already taken action designed to reinforce our control framework and we remain committed to ensuring that we address any further recommendations that come out of the ongoing independent investigations quickly and decisively. Despite these circumstances, the business reported a pre-tax profit of CHF 154 million, and a number of our businesses in the Investment Bank delivered notable performances. Our cash equities exchange market share rose slightly compared with 2010 levels, and revenues in our macro business rose to CHF 2.6 billion, an increase of 15% reflecting higher revenues across all interest rates business lines. Ourglobal syndicated finance. Its foreign exchange business took advantage of market volatility in the second half of 2011, bolstered bycontinued to benefit from the investments we have made in cutting edge e-trading systems, enabling it to grow volumes significantly.

As a result of our new e-trading platform. Inachievements in 2012, particularly in relation to capital, and as a sign of confidence in our advisory business,continued ability to execute our market sharestrategy in a disciplined manner, we are recommending a 50% increase in our dividend for our shareholders for 2012 to CHF 0.15 per share.

As a firm, we believe that it is important that we play an active and revenues increased asconstructive role within the communities in which we do business. Throughout 2012, our employee volunteering and community affairs programs contributed to a wide variety of community-based projects around the world. We remained focused on supporting education and entrepreneurship alongside efforts to build client relationships bore fruit. Additionally,promote sustainable business practices, including environmental practices. In 2012, we supported educational and entrepreneurship activities around the business successfully reduced its risk-weighted assets, somethingworld, investing over CHF 40 million. A large part of this investment was allocated to the new UBS International Center of Economics in Society at the University of Zurich, which we set up to commemorate the firm’s 150th anniversary. The center facilitates top-quality international economic research that is fundamentalexamines interrelationships between society and the economy and promotes the transfer of knowledge. On the environmental front, we continue to its overall strategytake our responsibilities very seriously and are pleased to report that will enablewe met our ambitious CO2 emissions reduction target. External experts from the businessmost significant climate change-focused investors’ initiative, the Carbon Disclosure Project, ranked UBS as the industry leader in the banking sector and among the top 10 companies worldwide for our measures to deliver attractive and sustainable returns in future.combat climate change. Shareholders can also help us to achieve our environmental ambitions by opting to read our financial publications electronically through our Investor Relations website instead of taking delivery of printed copies.

In September,

During the year, the Board of Directors acceptedensured that UBS remained focused on its priorities. It successfully oversaw the resignationcontinued implementation of Oswald J. Grübel.our strategy designed to create a firm that will thrive in the new banking environment. It ensured that we made progress in addressing the issues of the past while driving measures to reinforce a culture of accountability and responsibility. It also continued to engage in dialogue with stakeholders on a broad range of issues important to the firm and its future. Together with the bank’s management, the Board initiated in-depth discussions with our larger shareholders to gain a better understanding of their views with regard to improving the firm’s compensation plans and disclosures. As part of this report you will see we took this feedback into account in developing our best practice compensation structures for 2012. We would likebelieve the changes we implemented better align the interests of our shareholders, bondholders, regulators and other stakeholders with those of the firm, specifically its need to reiteratecontinue executing its strategy successfully going forward. To strengthen our gratitudecorporate governance, we have established an integrated shareholder portal which will be operational from the end of March 2013. Our registered shareholders will be able to himuse the portal to issue instructions for the outstanding contribution he made to the firm.exercise of their voting rights after having provided a written appointment of an independent proxy. In November,addition, the Board confirmedhas decided that the appointment of Sergio P. Ermottifirm will no longer act as Group Chief Executive Officer with immediate effect. Chairman ofa corporate proxy and will no longer represent the Board Kaspar Villigervoting rights carried by deposited shares at the next annual general meeting.

In other Board-related developments, Wolfgang Mayrhuber has announced his decision not to stand for reelectionre-election to the Board of Directors at the firm’s Annual General Meeting (AGM) of Shareholders on 2 May 2013. We would like to express our gratitude to Wolfgang for his dedication and commitment to UBS and the valuable expertise he brought to the firm as a result, Axel Webermember of the Board of Directors, Chair of the Corporate Responsibility Committee and member of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee. The Board has been proposed to succeed as Chairman, subject to his election at this year’s AGM. In addition, we announced that Beatrice Weder di Mauro and Isabelle Romyit will be nominatednominate Reto Francioni for election to the Board and, if elected, they will bring with them invaluable experience andat the AGM

4


expertisein May. Reto has been Chief Executive Officer of the Deutsche Börse AG since 2005. Prior to this he was President and Chairman of the SWX Group in Zurich and is an internationally acknowledged expert with a long track record in international capital markets and banking. Subject to his election at the AGM, we believe Reto Francioni will further strengthen the Board further. Bruno Gehrig has decided notbringing his unique experience and insights to stand for reelection and wethe firm.

Ultimately the firm’s success rests upon the endeavors of all our employees. We would both like to expresstake this opportunity to thank our thanksemployees for their continued hard work, dedication and professionalism throughout what was a challenging year. In 2012, our employees continued to Brunoput our clients’ interests first while adapting to and implementing the transformation of the firm. Through their efforts we made demonstrable progress in executing our strategy, putting our firm in a far stronger position than it was a year ago. We are convinced our strategy is the right one for his exceptional contributionUBS, and great commitment since joining the Boardare determined to maintain our track record of successful execution in 2008 during some testing times2013 for the firm.benefit of all our stakeholders.

Over the coming months, we will continue to mark our 150th anniversary by expressing our gratitude to all those who have supported us over the years, and by giving back to the communities we belong to across the globe, with a particular focus on projects promoting education and entrepreneurship. Our employees will be able to share this experience and will have the opportunity to volunteer for regional fundraising and other events that will bring long-lasting benefits to the communities in which they live and work.

Looking ahead, 2012 will be a year of progress for the Group. We will continue our efforts to drive efficiencies throughout the firm, we will drive home our distinct competitive advantages by continuing to strengthen our capital position and we will ensure that we continue to place our clients at the center of everything we do. We believe our clients will continue to place great value in safety and stability and will look to us more than ever to provide the best possible advice and solutions to help them achieve their investment aims. 2012 will also be a year of transition for the Investment Bank as we continue the process of reducing risk-weighted assets and reshaping the business to ensure its future success. By achieving our strategic objectives in a disciplined and timely manner, we are confident we will be able to provide more attractive and sustainable returns to our shareholders.

1514 March 20122013

Yours sincerely,

UBS

 

LOGO

LOGOLOGO

Kaspar VilligerAxel A. Weber  Sergio P. Ermotti
Chairman of the  Group Chief Executive Officer
Board of Directors  Executive Officer
 

5


Annual Report 20112012

 

Key figures

 

 

  As of or for the year ended 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.09 
Group results    
              
Operating income   27,788    31,994    22,601  
              
Operating expenses   22,439    24,539    25,162  
              
Operating profit from continuing operations before tax   5,350    7,455    (2,561
              
Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders   4,159    7,534    (2,736
              
Diluted earnings per share (CHF)1   1.08    1.96    (0.75
              
Key performance indicators, balance sheet and capital management2    
              
Performance    
              
Return on equity (RoE) (%)   8.5    16.7    (7.8
              
Return on risk-weighted assets, Basel II, gross (%)   13.7    15.5    9.9  
              
Return on assets, gross (%)   2.1    2.3    1.5  
              
Growth    
              
Net profit growth (%)3   (44.8  N/A    N/A  
              
Net new money (CHF billion)4   42.4    (14.3  (147.3
              
Efficiency    
              
Cost/ income ratio (%)   80.5    76.5    103.0  
              
Capital strength    
              
BIS tier 1 ratio, Basel 2.5 (%)5   15.9    
              
BIS tier 1 ratio, Basel II (%)5   19.6    17.8    15.4  
              
FINMA leverage ratio (%)6   5.4    4.4    3.9  
              
Balance sheet and capital management    
              
Total assets   1,419,162    1,317,247    1,340,538  
              
Equity attributable to UBS shareholders   53,447    46,820    41,013  
              
Total book value per share (CHF)6   14.26    12.35    11.65  
              
Tangible book value per share (CHF)6   11.68    9.76    8.52  
              
BIS total ratio, Basel 2.5 (%)5   17.2    
              
BIS total ratio, Basel II (%)5   21.6    20.4    19.8  
              
BIS risk-weighted assets, Basel 2.55   240,962    
              
BIS risk-weighted assets, Basel II5   198,494    198,875    206,525  
              
BIS tier 1 capital, Basel 2.55   38,370    
              
BIS tier 1 capital, Basel II5   38,980    35,323    31,798  
              
Additional information    
              
Invested assets (CHF billion)   2,167    2,152    2,233  
              
Personnel (full-time equivalents)   64,820    64,617    65,233  
              
Market capitalization7   42,843    58,803    57,108  
              

 

  As of or for the year ended 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10 
Group results    
              
Operating income   25,443    27,788    31,994  
              
Operating expenses   27,216    22,482    24,650  
              
Operating profit / (loss) from continuing operations before tax   (1,774  5,307    7,345  
              
Net profit / (loss) attributable to UBS shareholders   (2,511  4,138    7,452  
              
Diluted earnings per share (CHF)1   (0.67  1.08    1.94  
              
Key performance indicators2, balance sheet and capital management, and additional information    
              
Performance    
              
Return on equity (RoE) (%)   (5.2  9.1    18.0  
              
Return on tangible equity (%)3   1.6    11.9    24.7  
              
Return on risk-weighted assets, gross (%)4   12.0    13.7    15.5  
              
Return on assets, gross (%)   1.9    2.1    2.3  
              
Growth    
              
Net profit growth (%)5   N/A    (44.5  N/A  
              
Net new money growth (%)6   1.6    1.9    (0.8
              
Efficiency    
              
Cost / income ratio (%)   106.5    80.7    76.9  
              
Capital strength    
              
BIS tier 1 capital ratio (%)7   21.3    15.9    17.8  
              
FINMA leverage ratio (%)7   6.3    5.4    4.5  
              
Balance sheet and capital management    
              
Total assets   1,259,232    1,416,962    1,314,813  
              
Equity attributable to UBS shareholders   45,895    48,530    43,728  
              
Total book value per share (CHF)8   12.25    12.95    11.53  
              
Tangible book value per share (CHF)8   10.52    10.36    8.94  
              
BIS core tier 1 capital ratio (%)7   19.0    14.1    15.3  
              
BIS total capital ratio (%)7   25.2    17.2    20.4  
              
BIS risk-weighted assets7   192,505    240,962    198,875  
              
BIS tier 1 capital7   40,982    38,370    35,323  
              
Additional information    
              
Invested assets (CHF billion)9   2,230    2,088    2,075  
              
Personnel (full-time equivalents)   62,628    64,820    64,617  
              
Market capitalization10   54,729    42,843    58,803  
              

1  Refer to “Note 8 Earnings per share (EPS) and shares outstanding” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  2  For the definitions of our key performance indicators, refer to the “Measurement of performance” section of this report.  3  Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders before amortization and impairment of goodwill and intangible assets / average equity attributable to UBS shareholders less average goodwill and intangible assets.  4  Based on Basel 2.5 risk-weighted assets for 2012. Based on Basel II risk-weighted assets for 2011 and 2010.  5Not meaningful and not included if either the reporting period or the comparison period is a loss period.  46  ExcludesGroup net new money includes net new money for Retail & Corporate and excludes interest and dividend income.  57  Capital management data as of 31 December 2011 is disclosed in accordance with the Basel 2.5 framework. Comparative data under the new framework is not available for 31 December 20102012 and 31 December 2009. The comparative information under2011, and in accordance with the Basel II framework is therefore provided.for 31 December 2010. Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information.  68  Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information.  79  In 2012, we refined our definition of invested assets. Refer to “Note 35 Invested assets and net new money” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information. Group invested assets includes invested assets for Retail & Corporate.  10  Refer to the appendix “UBS registered shares” inof this report for more information.

The 2011 results and the balance sheet in this report differ from those presented in our fourth quarter 2011 report issued on 7 February 2012. The net impact of adjustments made subsequent to the publication of the unaudited fourth quarter 2011 financial report on net profit attributable to UBS shareholders was a loss of CHF 74 million, which decreased basic and diluted earnings per share by CHF 0.02.

Corporate information

The legal and commercial name of the company is UBS AG. The company was formed on 29 June 1998, when Union Bank of Switzerland (founded 1862) and Swiss Bank Corporation (founded 1872) merged to form UBS AG.

UBS AG is incorporated and domiciled in

Switzerland and operates under Swiss Company

Law and Swiss Federal Banking Law as an

Aktiengesellschaft, a corporation that has issued

shares of common stock to investors.

The addresses and telephone numbers of our two registered offices are: Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8001 Zurich, Switzerland, phone +41-44-234 11 11; and Aeschenvorstadt 1, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland, phone +41-61-288 50 50.

UBS AG shares are currently listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange.

Contacts

èSwitchboards

For all general queries.

Zurich +41-44-234 1111

London +44-20-7568 0000

New York +1-212-821 3000

Hong Kong +852-2971 8888

www.ubs.com/contact

Investor Relations

UBS’s Investor Relations team supports institutional,

professional and retail investors from our offices in Zurich

and New York.

UBS AG, Investor Relations

P.O. Box, CH-8098 Zurich, Switzerland

sh-investorrelations@ubs.com

www.ubs.com/investors

Hotline +41-44-234 4100

New York +1-212-882 5734

Fax (Zurich) +41-44-234 3415

 

ReferMedia Relations

UBS’s Media Relations team supports global media
and journalists from offices in Zurich, London,
New York and Hong Kong.

www.ubs.com/media

Zurich +41-44-234 8500

mediarelations@ubs.com

London +44-20-7567 4714

ubs-media-relations@ubs.com

New York +1-212-882 5857

mediarelations-ny@ubs.com

Hong Kong +852-2971 8200

sh-mediarelations-ap@ubs.com

Office of the Company Secretary

The Company Secretary receives queries on

compensation and related issues addressed to

members of the “Certain items affecting our results in 2011” sidebar Board of Directors.

UBS AG, Office of the Company Secretary

P.O. Box, CH-8098 Zurich, Switzerland

sh-company-secretary@ubs.com

Hotline +41-44-234 3628

Fax +41-44-234 6603

Shareholder Services

UBS’s Shareholder Services team, a unit of the Company Secretary office, is responsible for the registration of the global registered shares.

UBS AG, Shareholder Services

P.O. Box, CH-8098 Zurich, Switzerland

sh-shareholder-services@ubs.com

Hotline +41-44-235 6202

Fax +41-44-235 3154

US Transfer Agent

For all global registered share-related queries

in the “Group results” section and to “Note 32 Events afterUS.

Computershare

480 Washington Boulevard

Jersey City, NJ 07310-1900, USA

sh-relations@melloninvestor.com

www.bnymellon.com/shareowner/equityaccess

Calls from the reporting period” inUS +866-541 9689

Calls from outside the “Financial information” section of this report for more informationUS +1-201-680 6578

Fax +1-201-680 4675

 

6
Corporate calendarImprint

Publication of the first quarter 2013 report

Tuesday, 30 April 2013

Publisher: UBS AG, Zurich and Basel, Switzerland | www.ubs.com

LOGO

LOGO

Language: English | SAP-No. 80531E

Annual General Meeting

Thursday, 2 May 2013

© UBS 2013. The key symbol and UBS are among the registered and

unregistered trademarks of UBS. All rights reserved.

Publication of the second quarter 2013 report

Tuesday, 30 July 2013

Publication of the third quarter 2013 report

Tuesday, 29 October 2013

Printed in Switzerland on chlorine-free paper with mineral oil-reduced inks.

Paper production from socially responsible and ecologically sound forestry practices.


Annual Report 2012

UBS and its businesses

We draw on our 150-year heritage to serve private, institutional and corporate clients worldwide, as well as retail clients in Switzerland. Our business strategy is centered on our pre-eminent global wealth management businesses and our leading universal bank in Switzerland. Together with a client-focused Investment Bank and a strong, well-diversified Global Asset Management business, we will drive further growth and expand our premier wealth management franchise.franchise and drive further growth across the Group. Headquartered in Zurich and Basel, Switzerland, we have offices in more than 50 countries, including all major financial centers, and employ approximately 65,000 people.63,000 employees. UBS AG is the parent company of the UBS Group (Group). Under Swiss company law, we areUBS AG is organized as an Aktiengesellschaft, (AG), a corporation that has issued shares of common stock to investors. UBS AG is the parent company of the UBS Group (Group). The operational structure of the Group comprises the Corporate Center and fourfive business divisions: Wealth Management, & Swiss Bank, Wealth Management Americas, the Investment Bank, Global Asset Management and the Investment Bank.Retail & Corporate.

 

Wealth Management & Swiss Bank focuses on deliveringprovides comprehensive financial services to high net worth and ultra high net worth individualswealthy private clients around the world – except to those served by Wealth Management Americas – as well as privateAmericas. Its clients benefit from the entire spectrum of UBS resources, ranging from investment management to estate planning and corporate clientsfinance advice, in Switzerland. Our Wealth Management business unitaddition to specific wealth management products and services. An open product platform provides clients in over 40 countries, including Switzerland, with financial advice, products and toolsaccess to fit their individual needs. Our Retail & Corporate business unit provides individual and business clients with ana wide array of banking services, such as deposits and lending, and maintains a leading position across its client segments in Switzerland. Starting with the first quarter of 2012, we will report Wealth Management and Retail & Corporate as separate business divisions, and will no longer report Wealth Management & Swiss Bank which will cease to be a business division.products from third-party providers that complement our own product lines.

Wealth Management Americas provides advice-based solutions through financial advisors who deliver a fully integrated set of products and services specifically designed to address the needs of ultra high net worth and high net worth individuals and families. It includes the domestic US business, the domestic Canadian business and international business booked in the US.

Global Asset Management is a large-scale asset manager with businesses diversified across regions, capabilities and distribution channels. It offers investment capabilities and styles across all major traditional and alternative asset classes including equities, fixed income, currency, hedge fund, real estate, infrastructure and private equity that can also be combined into multi-asset strategies. The fund services unit provides professional services, including legal fund set-up, accounting and reporting for traditional investment funds and alternative funds.

TheInvestment Bank provides a broad range of products and services in equities, fixed income, foreign exchange and commodities to corporate and institutional clients, sovereign and government bodies, financial intermediaries, alternative asset managers and UBS’s wealth management clients. The Investment Bank is an active participant in capital markets flow activities, including sales, trading and market-making across a broad range of securities. It provides financial solutions to a wide range ofits clients, and offers advisory and analytics services in all major capital markets.

Starting with reporting for the first quarter of 2013, it offers investment banking and capital markets, research, equities, foreign exchange, precious metals and tailored fixed income services in rates and credit through its two business units, Corporate Client Solutions and Investor Client Services.

Global Asset Management is a large-scale asset manager with businesses diversified across regions, capabilities and distribution channels. It offers investment capabilities and styles across all major traditional and alternative asset classes including equities, fixed income, currencies, hedge funds, real estate, infrastructure and private equity that can also be combined into multi-asset strategies. The fund services unit provides professional services, including fund set-up, accounting and reporting for traditional investment funds and alternative funds.

Retail & Corporate provides comprehensive financial products and services to our retail, corporate and institutional clients in Switzerland and maintains a leading position in these client segments. It constitutes a central building block of our universal bank model in Switzerland, delivering growth to our other businesses. It supports them by cross-selling products and services provided by our asset-gathering and investment banking businesses, by referring clients to them and by transferring private clients to Wealth Management due to increased client wealth.

TheCorporate CenterWealth Management provides treasurycomprehensive financial services and manages support and control functions for the business divisions and the Group in such areas as risk control, finance, legal and compliance, funding, capital and balance sheet management, management of non-trading risk, communications and branding, human resources, information technology, real estate, procurement, corporate development and service centers. It allocates most of the treasury income, operating expenses and personnel associated with these activities to the businesses based on capital and service consumption levels. The Corporate Center also encompasses certain centrally managed positions, including the SNB StabFund option and (starting with the first quarter 2012 reporting) the legacy portfolio formerly in the Investment Bank.

7


Annual Report 2011

Our Board of Directors

LOGO

The Board of Directors (BoD) is our most senior body. Under the leadership of the Chairman, it determines the strategy of the Group based upon the the recommendations of the Group Chief Executive Officer (Group CEO). It exercises ultimate supervision of management and is responsible for the appointment and dismissal of all Group Executive Board (GEB) members, the Company Secretary and the head of Group Internal Audit as well as supervising and setting appropriate risk management and control principles for the firm. With the exception of its current Chairman, Kaspar Villiger, all members of the BoD are independent.

8


LOGO

LOGO

1Kaspar Villiger Chairman of the Board of Directors, Chairperson of the Governance and Nominating Committee and member of the Corporate Responsibility Committee  2Michel DemaréIndependent Vice Chairman, member of the Audit Committee and the Governance and Nominating Committee  3David Sidwell Senior Independent Director, Chairperson of the Risk Committee and member of the Governance and Nominating Committee  4Rainer-Marc Frey Member of the Audit Committee and the Risk Committee  5Bruno Gehrig Member of the Governance and Nominating Committee and the Human Resources and Compensation Committee  6Ann F. Godbehere Chairperson of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee, member of the Audit Committee and the Corporate Responsibility Committee  7Axel P. Lehmann Member of the Governance and Nominating Committee and the Risk Committee  8Wolfgang Mayrhuber Chairperson of the Corporate Responsibility Committee and member of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee  9Helmut Panke Member of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee, member of the Risk Committee  10William G. Parrett of Chairperson of the Audit Committee  11Joseph Yam Member of the Corporate Responsibility Committee and the Risk Committee

9


Annual Report 2011

Our Group Executive Board

LOGO

The management of the firm is delegated by the BOD to the GEB. Under the leadership of the Group CEO, the GEB has executive management responsibility for the Group and its businesses. It assumes overall responsibility for the development of the Group and business division strategies and the implementation of approved strategies.

10


LOGO

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1Sergio P. Ermotti Group Chief Executive Officer  2Markus U. Diethelm Group General Counsel  3John A. Fraser Chairman and CEO Global Asset Management  4Lukas Gähwiler CEO UBS Switzerland and co-CEO Wealth Management & Swiss Bank  5Carsten Kengeter Chairman and CEO Investment Bank  6Ulrich Körner Group Chief Operating Officer, CEO Corporate Center and CEO UBS Group Europe, Middle East and Africa  7Philip J.  Lofts Group Chief Risk Officer  8Robert J.McCann CEO Wealth Management Americas and CEO UBS Group Americas  9Tom Naratil Group Chief Financial Officer  10Alexander Wilmot-Sitwell Co-Chairman and co-CEO of UBS Group Asia Pacific  11Chi-Won Yoon Co-Chairman and co-CEO of UBS Group Asia Pacific  12Jürg Zeltner CEO UBS Wealth Management and co-CEO Wealth Management & Swiss Bank

11


Annual Report 2011

The making of UBS

In 2012, UBS celebrates its 150th anniversary. This important milestone in our long history serves to demonstrate the firm’s established and pivotal role in the development and growth of Swiss banking traditions.

The heritage of the banking industry in Switzerland can be traced back to its origins in medieval times. This long history may help explain the widespread impression, reinforced in popular fiction, that Switzerland has always possessed a strong financial sector. In reality, the size and international reach of the Swiss banking sector we know today is largely a product of the second half of the 20th century, strongly influenced by two banks: Union Bank of Switzerland and Swiss Bank Corporation (SBC), which merged to form UBS in 1998.

At the time of the merger, both banks were already well established and successful in their own right. Union Bank of Switzerland celebrated its 100th anniversary in 1962, tracing its origins back to the Bank in Winterthur. SBC marked its centenary in 1972 with celebrations in honor of its founding forebear, the Basler Bankverein. The historical roots of PaineWebber, acquired by UBS in 2000, go back to 1879, while S.G. Warburg, the central pillar upon which today’s Investment Bank was built, commenced operations in 1946.

LOGO

12


In the early 1990s, SBC and Union Bank of Switzerland were both commercial banks operating mainly out of Switzerland. The banks shared a similar vision: to become a world leader in wealth management, a successful global investment bank, and a top-tier global asset manager while remaining an important commercial and retail bank in their home market of Switzerland.

Union Bank of Switzerland, the largest and best-capitalized Swiss bank of its time, pursued these goals primarily through a strategy of organic growth. In contrast, SBC, then the third-largest Swiss bank, grew through a combination of partnership and acquisition. In 1989, SBC started a joint venture with O’Connor, a leading US derivatives firm noted for its dynamic and innovative culture, its meritocracy and its team-oriented approach. O’Connor brought state-of-the-art risk management and derivatives technology to SBC, and in 1992 SBC moved to fully acquire O’Connor. In 1994, SBC added to its capabilities when it acquired Brinson Partners, a leading US-based institutional asset management firm.

The next major milestone was in 1995, when SBC acquired S.G. Warburg, the British merchant bank. The deal helped SBC fill a strategic gap in its corporate finance, brokerage, and research capabilities and, most importantly, brought with it an institutional client franchise that remains crucial to our equities business to this day.

The 1998 merger of SBC and Union Bank of Switzerland into the firm we know today created a world-class wealth manager and the biggest universal bank in Switzerland complemented by a strong investment bank and a leading global institutional asset manager. In 2000, UBS grew further with the acquisition of PaineWebber, establishing the firm as a significant player in the US. Since 2000, UBS has built a strong presence in the Asia Pacific region and the emerging markets. Our new global reach found expression through our new global UBS brand identity introduced in 2003.

LOGO

13


Annual Report 2011

The firm’s progress was reflected by the fact that 2006 was the most successful year in our history. However, in 2007 the effects of the global financial crisis started to be felt across the financial industry. This crisis had its origins in the structured financial product business linked to the US residential real estate market. Between the third quarter of 2007 and the fourth quarter of 2009, UBS incurred losses of more than CHF 50 billion on these assets and received an equity investment from the Swiss Confederation concurrent with the Swiss National Bank’s establishment of a fund to purchase illiquid securities and other positions from UBS. UBS responded with decisive action designed to reduce its risk exposures and stabilize its businesses. More recently, UBS increased its capital strength to meet new and enhanced industry-wide regulatory requirements, as well as better equipping the firm for the new post-crisis market realities.

Over the past few years, we have successfully reduced our balance sheet and legacy positions: compared with the end of 2008, our balance sheet is over half a trillion Swiss francs smaller and our Basel II risk-weighted assets are approximately 35% lower. Today, our Basel 2.5 tier 1 capital ratio is one of the highest in the industry. We will continue to build on this strength as well as on our stable funding and sound liquidity positions by leveraging the complementary capabilities of all our businesses to generate sustainable returns. With our focus on puttingwealthy private clients at the center of everything we do, increasing collaboration across the firm, building capital and continuing to reduce risk-weighted assets, while remaining vigilant on costs, we believe UBS will be able to deliver sustainable earnings and increasingly attractive returns to our shareholders. We have every reason to be confident about our future.

è

For a full overview of UBS’s history, please see the interactive timeline at http://www.ubs.com/history

Celebrating our 150th anniversary

In 2012, we are celebrating our firm’s 150th anniversary. Our celebrations focus on enhancing our social and charitable commitments around the world. We want to build on our legacy by strengthening and deepening our business relationships, and by helping the communities in which we live and work through long-lasting and valuable programs. Last but not least, our activities in 2012 signal that UBS is looking to the future with optimism and confidence.

There are a wide range of activities planned during the year, including celebrations for selected guests in Switzerland and our main business locations around the globe. Overall, we are hosting 25 client events in the Asia Pacific region, Europe, the US and South America.

Additionally, we are using this opportunity to launch our global “Excellence in Volunteering” award. Employees around the world who give of their time freely to help their local community are eligible to receive one of 150 awards in recognition of outstanding achievement. We are focusing on projects that promote education and entrepreneurship, the two umbrella themes for our community affairs activities. These include theYoung Enterprise Switzerland project,The Bridge Academy in Hackney in London,Investing for Success in the Americas as well as community employee engagement programs in the Asia Pacific region.

In Switzerland, our home market, we will host a small birthday celebration in all UBS branches on 25 June 2012, the actual

date of UBS’s founding 150 years ago. The bank will present an anniversary leisure offering to both clients and the general public.

In addition, the UBS Kids Cup is holding a special competition and will distribute gifts to young Swiss athletes who participated in the competition. Through our partnership with Stiftung Landschaftsschutz Schweiz, UBS volunteers can engage in a variety of projects designed to protect and conserve the natural beauty of the Swiss countryside. In Switzerland UBS is also offering social, environmental and educational charities additional help both through financial support and volunteers.

If you would like to find out more about our 150th anniversary celebrations then go tohttp://www.ubs.com/150years.

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Operating

environment

and strategy


Operating environment and strategy

Current market climate and industry drivers

Current market climate and industry drivers

Sovereign debt stress continues to test financial stability

The start of 2011 was characterized– except those served by a modest global economic recovery. Thereafter, the markets were affected by ongoing concerns surrounding eurozone sovereign debt, the European banking system and US federal budget deficit issues, as well as renewed uncertainty about the global economic outlook in general. As a result, volatility increased in the markets and investor activity levels fell significantly, especially in the second half of the year. Switzerland was perceived as a safe haven by investors and the resulting appreciation of the Swiss franc led the Swiss National Bank (SNB) to intervene in early September, announcing that it would not tolerate an exchange rate of less than CHF 1.20 per euro.

Growth in 2011: subdued initial recovery stymied by macroeconomic and sovereign concerns

In the early part of 2011, the world experienced a subdued, two-speed recovery. Developed economies continued to grow modestly but steadily, though unemployment remained high. At the same time, activity in many emerging markets, which came out of the crisis relatively unscathed, was buoyant, though coupled with some inflationary pressures and risks of overheating. Monetary policy was highly accommodative, especially in advanced economies (central bank interest rates remained low) and fiscal policy provided additional stimulus globally. Bond and equity markets generally rebounded.

From the second quarter onwards, the global economy entered a new phase. Economic activity slowed markedly, as the earthquake and tsunami in Japan affected the global supply chain, unrest in the Middle East caused oil prices to rise and the sovereign debt crisis escalated considerably.

In the US, growth lagged behind that of previous recoveries, especially as difficulties in the housing market persisted, dampening consumer demand, while in Europe, the debt crisis spread increasingly beyond weaker countries and began to challenge core countries as well. As the “Arab spring” changed the political landscape in the Middle East and North Africa, it also impacted economic activity in the region. Finally, growing concerns over problems affecting China’s real estate market and banking sector in particular increased fears of a possible hard landing for the country’s economy.

After the financial crisis of 2008 and 2009, the public sector replaced the private sector in sustaining aggregate demand. In 2011, however, the public sector also started to retrench in many countries due to heightened pressure on public finances. At the same time, the macroeconomic environment and forthcoming regulatory overhaul prompted banks to deleverage, exacerbating the situation further.

Sovereign stress: eurozone debt crisis and political deadlock around the US debt ceiling

The European sovereign debt crisis was one of the most significant factors influencing global financial markets through most of 2011, with market pressure eventually reaching the eurozone core countries. Following initial stabilization packages for Greece and Ireland in 2010, the early part of the year saw European leaders agreeing to a bail-out of Portugal and negotiations on a second support package for Greece. However, these actions, combined with the creation of a permanent stabilization fund, failed to prevent yields on Spanish and Italian bonds from rising sharply from August onward.

In autumn, a reinforced “three-pronged” agreement on measures to alleviate the pressure on Greece by European leaders, including a reduction in the net present value of Greek sovereign debt held by the private sector, a top-up for the eurozone bailout fund and requirements for European banks to hold more capital, also proved to be insufficient in preventing a further escalation of the crisis. While yields for debt issued by Spain and Italy rose further, core countries, including France, were also challenged. Following another round of talks, eurozone countries and other EU members agreed to press ahead with an intergovernmental treaty enshrining new budgetary rules to tackle the crisis. Towards the end of the year, the European Central Bank announced two longer-term refinancing operations which contributed to the stabilization of financial markets going into the early part of 2012. Nonetheless, discussions on measures and support for Greece were ongoing in early 2012.

As a consequence of these developments, 12 out of 17 euro-zone countries were downgraded by rating agencies; France and Austria lost their Standard & Poor’s AAA status in early 2012.

Meanwhile, politicians from the Democratic and Republican parties in the US struggled to reach an agreement to increase the US debt ceiling, the limit beyond which the US Department of the Treasury may not borrow. After the debt ceiling was initially reached in April without a political solution, extraordinary measures were taken to allow the government to continue functioning. A last-minute agreement was finally reached at the end of July.

The political stalemate prompted Standard & Poor’s to downgrade the US from AAA to AA+ in August, quoting reduced confidence in the government’s ability to manage its finances. As the deadlock continued, the Congressional super committee set up to find ways to reduce the budget deficit also failed to reach an agreement.

Nevertheless, the US dollar remained the world’s main reserve currency and yields on US 10-year government bonds fell to below 2% by the end of the year, while the labor market showed signs of slow improvements.

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Operating environment and strategy

Foreign exchange markets: Swiss franc appreciation leads to Swiss National Bank intervention

Switzerland was seen as a safe haven by investors amid a deteriorating economic environment. The Swiss franc appreciated strongly against most major currencies during the first half of 2011. By early August, it neared parity with the euro in light of these developments, on 6 September 2011 the SNB set a minimum rate of CHF 1.20 per euro, arguing that the massive overvaluation of the Swiss franc posed an acute threat to the Swiss economy and carried the risk of deflation. The SNB stressed that it would defend this rate with the utmost determination and was prepared to buy foreign currency in unlimited quantities. Since the announcement, the Swiss franc has fluctuated but remained slightly above the rate of CHF 1.20 per euro. However, the SNB has said the franc’s value remains high even at a rate of CHF 1.20 per euro, and unless the Swiss franc weakens further, additional SNB measures cannot be ruled out.

Outlook

Sovereign debt concerns will continue to dominate the market environment in 2012. While the world economy is expected to grow slightly below 3% for the year, high uncertainty in the eurozone remains the main factor weighing on growth prospects in the region, leading to a recessionary outlook. However, this should not be sufficient to derail recovery in the US and emerging economies. Against this backdrop and as inflation pressures remain limited, monetary policy in developed economies will probably remain very accommodative up to at least well into 2013.

Industry drivers

Regulation driving structural and business model changes

Following the 2008/2009 financial crisis, regulators and legislators in major financial centers embarked on a path toward significantly stricter regulation of financial services. This remains the biggest driver of structural and business model changes in the industry. At the same time, regulatory uncertainty persists, hindering the necessary adaptation process and presenting a major obstacle to future growth.

On the one hand, such far-reaching legal reforms as the Independent Commission on Banking’s recommendations for the ring-fencing of retail activities in the UK, the US Volcker rule prohibiting proprietary trading and, to some extent, the Swiss “too-big-to-fail” law are forcing substantial structural changes on banks. While implementation timetables extend over the next few years, banks must already start considering the implications, plan ahead and adjust their business models accordingly.

    On the other hand, new rules requiring banks to hold more capital and liquidity, starting with the Basel III international standards, are impacting the relative attractiveness of certain businesses and will generally pressure banks’ returns on equity. More than ever, regulatory capital is becoming a key constraint for banks, and this will have a fundamental

impact on the investment banking business. Over time, this is likely to lead to a new equilibrium characterized by greater industry concentration, higher pricing, and reduced levels of compensation. Meanwhile, the increased liquidity needs resulting from the Basel III liquidity coverage ratio and net stable funding ratio are likely to lead to increased competition for both secured funding and deposits as a stable source of funding, thus leading to higher funding costs. As a consequence, banks are expected to focus even more on fee-generating businesses that require less capital and funding, with the resulting increased competition in these businesses putting pressure on returns as well.

Regulation is putting pressure on banking models to become simpler and more transparent, more risk-averse and less leveraged. As an indirect consequence of reform, consumers are likely to pay higher costs for banking services, while credit extended to companies is already being constrained or made more expensive.

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Refer to the “Regulatory developments” section of this report for more information

Macroeconomic environment impacting the industry

A low-yield environment and flat yield curve, as well as very low growth, put pressure on net interest margins, while clients became more risk averse, undermining activity levels and trading volumes, especially in the second part of 2011. At the same time, investors adopted a risk-on, risk-off approach, resulting in increased correlation and volatility in the market. Together with regulatory changes, this made the operating environment particularly challenging for the banking industry which led to lower revenues and earnings, resulting in many banks taking measures to reduce costs, including redundancies.

Funding stability: a key near-term market challenge

Obtaining sufficient medium- and long-term funding across all tenors to maintain a cost efficient and properly balanced liquidity and funding position was one of the key challenges for banks in 2011’s difficult market conditions, particularly in the second half of the year. Market turmoil, especially in Europe, disrupted both short-term and long-term unsecured funding markets. The cost of raising new long-term unsecured funding remained well above pre-crisis levels, while the securitization markets were partially closed.

    Many banks that were challenged to fulfill their appropriate funding requirements sourced liquidity from central banks. Starting in summer 2011, some European banks experienced a rather acute shortage of USD funding, as US money market funds significantly reduced their exposure to European banks. Differences in funding costs between the strongest banks and those perceived by the market as weaker are already increasing, and financial strength will continue to be a strong competitive advantage for the foreseeable future.

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Refer to the “Liquidity and funding management” section of this report for more information

17


Operating environment and strategy

Current market climate and industry drivers

Pressure on client confidentiality is materially changing the environment for Swiss banks

Pressure on client confidentiality continues to increase worldwide. In this context, Switzerland signed withholding tax agreements with Germany and the UK in 2011. Under the agreements, persons resident in Germany and in the UK can have their existing banking relationships in Switzerland retrospectively taxed either by making a one-time tax payment or by disclosing their accounts. If implemented, future investment income and capital gains of German and British bank clients in Switzerland (which are not disclosed) will be subject to a final withholding tax, with Switzerland transferring the proceeds to the

German and British authorities. The tax agreements are currently pending approval of the parliaments in all three countries and, if approved, should enter into force in early 2013. Additional discussions are likely to occur between Switzerland and other countries. The pressure on client confidentiality will have an impact on the business of banks serving cross-border clients, particularly in Switzerland. As a consequence, banks such as UBS will need to adapt to new client demands, rethink their cross-border value propositions and make significant efforts to ensure operational readiness and compliance. This is likely to be a challenge for smaller banks and is expected to lead to further consolidation in the sector.

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Operating environment and strategy

Regulatory developments

In 2011, designing policy measures to address the “too-big-to-fail” issue was the key regulatory focus. Switzerland’s parliament adopted a law to define the regulatory framework for the country’s largest banks, while the G20 heads of states endorsed a set of measures for global systemically important banks, including additional loss absorbency requirements, standards on effective resolution regimes and stricter supervision.

Swiss “too-big-to-fail” law

Following the recommendations presented in October 2010 by the Commission of Experts appointed by the Swiss Federal Government, the political process continued around the “too-big-to-fail” law to define the framework for the largest banks in Switzerland.

The Federal Council issued an initial text for consultation between December 2010 and March 2011 and presented the draft law and explanatory notes to the Swiss parliament in April 2011. Following the parliamentary process, the law (a revision of the Swiss banking law or Bankengesetz) was finally adopted on 30 September 2011. This revision applies to systemically important Swiss banks as designated by the Swiss National Bank, currently only UBS and Credit Suisse. Finally, in December 2011, the Swiss Federal Department of Finance (FDF) launched a consultation on the changes to the banking and capital adequacy ordinances necessary to implement the “too-big-to-fail” law. This consultation lasted until 16 January 2012.

Key elements of the law and of the draft ordinances as proposed for consultation include the following:

1.

Capital:higher capital requirements than for other banks, to be determined by the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA). We expect the capital requirements to consist of (i) a minimum of 4.5% (of risk-weighted assets (RWA)) in the form of common equity tier 1, (ii) a buffer of 8.5% composed of a minimum of 5.5% common equity tier 1 and up to 3% of high-trigger contingent capital, and (iii) a progressive component based on market share and aggregate exposure that can be fulfilled with low-trigger contingent capital. Accordingly, the progressive component is currently expected to amount to 6%, bringing total capital requirements to 19%. The ordinances also contain provisions for a leverage ratio.

2.

Organization:each systemically important bank is required to produce an emergency plan, demonstrating how their systemically important functions within Switzerland can be maintained in case of impending insolvency.

3.

Liquidity and risk:banks will be subject to tighter liquidity and enhanced risk diversification requirements.

The law contains a review clause to allow for future international policy developments to be taken into account. Also, the largest banks

are eligible for a capital rebate, if they take actions that facilitate recovery and resolvability beyond ensuring that systemically important functions are maintained in case of insolvency.

The ordinances implementing the “too-big-to-fail” law must now be presented to the Swiss parliament for approval during the course of 2012. They are expected to come into force on 1 January 2013. Thereafter, UBS must comply with the new rules, based on a transitional timetable lasting until the beginning of 2019.

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Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information

Proposals for the introduction of macroprudential measures in Switzerland

In November 2011, the FDF issued a consultation for the introduction of a countercyclical capital buffer in Switzerland. According to the proposal, the buffer would apply in principle to all risk-weighted positions in Switzerland, but its scope can be limited to certain sectors of the economy, for example, to credit positions related to the Swiss mortgage market. It would be capped at 2.5% of the risk-weighted positions in Switzerland. It would be the Swiss National Bank’s responsibility to request activation of the buffer, spelling out its scope and the size in percentage terms applicable to each affected category of risk-weighted positions. The Federal Council would have to take the ultimate decision on any proposed activation. These capital requirements would have to be satisfied with common equity tier 1. The FDF estimates the impact on the two large banks in terms of additional capital requirements to be between 0.1% and 0.6% of RWA, depending on the scope and size of the buffer. These capital requirements would be in addition to all other capital requirements to which banks in Switzerland are subject. Following the FDF’s review of the various consultation responses, the effective date of implementation of the proposal – not synonymous with the potential activation date of the buffer – could be in the first half of 2012.

Separately, the FDF issued a consultation paper outlining proposed changes to the capital adequacy ordinance focusing on increased capital requirements for mortgage loans secured by residential properties. The proposal includes higher risk weights for residential mortgages under the Basel standard approach, where the loan-to-value or income coverage ratio exceeds prudent standards. For banks using the advanced internal ratings-based ap-

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Operating environment and strategy

Regulatory developments

proach, including UBS, the FDF proposes the introduction of an additional capital charge that corresponds to the difference between the determined RWA and an amount that corresponds to 80% of the RWA that the bank would report, if it adopted the standard approach. If implemented as proposed, this would significantly increase the capital requirements for our Swiss mortgage book.

International regulatory framework for large banks

In December 2010, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) launched “Basel III: A global regulatory framework for more resilient banks and banking systems” that set internationally agreed capital and liquidity standards. Since the beginning of 2011, international regulatory discussions have focused principally on an additional regulatory framework to solve the “too-big-to-fail” issue.

On 25 June 2011, the Group of Governors and Heads of Supervision (GHOS), the oversight body of the BCBS, announced measures for global systemically important banks (G-SIB). Based on the results of a related consultation process over the summer, the heads of state at the G20 Summit in November 2011 endorsed a series of measures developed by the BCBS and the Financial Stability Board (FSB). These measures must now be implemented in national regulatory frameworks and comprise the following:

1.

A methodology to determine G-SIB and additional loss absorbency requirements for G-SIB.The methodology uses an indicator-based measurement approach. Once implemented, banks identified as G-SIB would be required to hold additional capital requirements of 1% to 2.5% of RWA in the form of common equity tier 1 over and above the Basel III international standards. An additional, though currently empty, bucket with requirements of 3.5% of RWA has been created to discourage banks from increasing their systemic relevance further. These additional loss absorbency requirements will be phased-in in parallel with the capital conservation and countercyclical buffers of the Basel III framework, i.e. between 2016 and 2018, becoming fully effective on 1 January 2019.

2.

The FSB’s“Key attributes of effective resolution regimes”are intended to set minimum international standards that will enable authorities to resolve financial institutions in the case of insolvency, while maintaining the continuation of their vital economic functions and without exposing taxpayers to losses. The measures proposed are targeted at national authorities and comprise an international standard

for national resolution regimes, requirements for recovery and resolution planning and resolvability assessments as well as institution-specific cross-border cooperation agreements.

3.

More intensive and effective supervision of systemically important financial institutions (SIFI), including stronger supervisory mandates, resources and powers, and higher supervisory expectations for risk management functions, data aggregation capabilities, risk governance and internal controls.

Based on the G-SIB methodology put forward by the BCBS, an initial list of 29 G-SIFI was published by the FSB. The list includes UBS. While the term G-SIB applies specifically to banks and the list currently contains only banking groups, SIFI refers to financial institutions in general. In the future, the list will be updated and could include G-SIFI that are not banking groups. The additional loss absorption measures referred to above are not expected to affect UBS, given that UBS will already be subject to the elevated capital requirements to be imposed by FINMA.

Basel 2.5 market risk framework

The primary effect of revisions to the Basel II market risk framework (commonly referred to as Basel 2.5) issued by the BCBS in 2009 was to introduce new requirements to incorporate the effects of stressed markets. The new requirements have led to lower Bank for International Settlements (BIS) tier 1 and total capital and to higher BIS RWA, thereby lowering UBS’s BIS tier 1 and total capital ratios. In line with the BIS transition requirement, the impact of Basel 2.5 is included in our disclosures from 31 December 2011onwards.

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Refer to the “Capital management” and “Basel 2.5 Pillar 3” sections for more information on the Basel 2.5 framework

Regulatory developments in other jurisdictions

Developments in US regulatory initiatives are focused on rule-making stemming from the Dodd-Frank Act passed in July 2010. Regulators have made significant progress with implementation of many provisions to occur in 2012. A key topic remains the so-called “Volcker Rule,” which would prohibit banking entities from engaging in proprietary trading, subject to a defined set of permitted exceptions, including market-making, hedging, and

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Operating environment and strategy

underwriting activities. The rule would also limit banking entities from investing in hedge funds, private equity funds and other similar “covered funds” except under limited circumstances. The two-year transition period to comply with the Volcker Rule’s prohibition commences in July 2012. US regulators have proposed regulations to further implement the Volcker Rule, which are expected to be issued in final form later in 2012. UBS expects that certain of its historical trading activities will be considered prohibited proprietary trading. UBS Investment Bank’s decision to exit equities proprietary trading business segments, announced during our Investor Day on 17 November 2011, includes businesses likely to be prohibited. For principal trading activity permitted under one of the exemptions, UBS anticipates that it will be required to implement a compliance regime including calculation of required metrics for each trading book. As proposed, the implementing regulations may effectively require the Investment Bank to implement its compliance program globally. Depending on the nature of the final rules, as well as the manner in which they are implemented, the Volcker Rule could have a substantial impact on market liquidity and the economics of market-making. UBS is not able to estimate the effect of implementation of the Volcker Rule compliance program on permitted trading activities until regulations (including the required metrics) are finalized and the required metrics are calculated and calibrated. The Volcker Rule also broadly limits investments and other transactional activities between banks and covered funds. The proposed implementing regulations both expand the scope of covered funds and provide only a very limited exclusion for activities of UBS outside the US. If adopted as proposed, the regulations could limit certain activities of UBS in relation to funds, particularly outside the US.

US regulators have also begun to issue final regulations governing swaps and derivatives markets as contemplated by the Dodd-Frank Act. UBS expects that UBS AG’s swaps activities will require it to register as a swap dealer with the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission and the Securities and Exchange Commission during 2012. The regulations will impose substantial new requirements for clearing, trade execution, recordkeeping, transaction reporting, compliance and conduct in relations to swaps activities. US regulators have not yet issued guidance on the application of US regulation to activities of registered swap dealers outside the US. The potential extraterritorial application of swap dealer regulatory requirements could impose a significant operational and compliance burden and creates the potential for duplicative and conflicting regulation.

In the EU, 2011 saw many important legislative proposals from the European Commission (including a review of the Markets, in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID), Capital Requirements Directive IV, a review of the Market Abuse Directive and Credit Rating Agencies Regulation III), political agreement by the Council and European Parliament on the Short Selling Regulation, which has now moved to the rule-making phase, negotiations on the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, and consultations on secondary legislation on the Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive.

Of particular note are the legislative proposals on the review of MiFID, which contains a very broad reform agenda encompassing the trading market structure, transparency regime, regulation of commodity derivatives, investor protection and third-country access to the EU single market. The dossier is now being considered by EU legislators, with political agreement only expected in the first half of 2013. Significant progress was also made on the European Market Infrastructure Regulation, which once it comes into force in 2012, will mandate the clearing of all standardized over-the-counter derivative contracts through central counterparties and reporting of over-the-counter derivative contracts to trade repositories in line with commitments made at the G20 summit in Pittsburgh in 2009.

In the UK, in September 2011, the Independent Commission of Banking issued its final recommendations on reforms of the UK banking sector to promote financial stability and competition. These included the ring-fencing of retail activities and additional loss absorbency requirements for banks. The UK government responded in December 2011, agreeing with the thrust of the recommendations, but amending some points and subjecting a set of issues to a further consultation scheduled for the second quarter of 2012. On the reform of the UK regulatory architecture, the government is moving closer to transferring regulatory responsibility to the Financial Policy Committee (macroprudential regulator), the Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA) (prudential regulator for certain deposit-takers and investment banks) and the Financial Conduct Authority (conduct and markets regulator as well as prudential regulator for non-PRA firms). The related Financial Services Bill was introduced to Parliament in January 2012, and is expected to receive Royal Assent by the end of 2012, with full implementation of the new architecture by the middle of 2013.

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Operating environment and strategy

Our strategy

Our strategy

UBS is a client-focused financial services firm that aims to provide superior financial advice and solutions to clients. Our strategy is shaped by our commitment to deliver attractive and sustainable risk-adjusted returns and takes into account the changing business environment and more stringent capital regulatory requirements. We believe the successful execution of this strategy will enable us to implement a progressive capital returns policy starting with the dividend of CHF 0.10 per share we propose to pay to our shareholders for the financial year 2011.

At our Investor Day in November 2011, we provided a comprehensive update on our strategic plans, which center on our preeminent wealth management businesses and our universal bank in Switzerland supported by our Global Asset Management business and the Investment Bank. Our strategy builds on the strengths of all of these businesses, and at the same time targets a significant reduction in risk-weighted assets and improvements to our strong capital position. At the end of 2011, our Basel 2.5 capital ratio was one of the highest in the industry at 15.9%, and our Basel III pro forma common equity ratio, calculated on the phased-in basis that will become applicable as of January 2013, stood at an estimated 10.8%. We will build on this strength as well as on our stable funding and sound liquidity positions by capitalizing on the complementary capabilities of all our businesses to generate more sustainable returns. This requires us to make changes to our risk profile and to focus and simplify some aspects of our Investment Bank. In line with our desire to reduce complexity and drive high-quality risk-adjusted returns, we aim to reduce risk-weighted assets. To facilitate this objective and as announced during our Investor Day in November 2011, we transferred a portfolio of legacy assets from the Investment Bank to the Corporate Center. By 2016, we aim to reduce risk-weighted assets in the Investment Bank and in the legacy portfolio together by 50% from 30 September 2011 levels calculated on a pro forma Basel III basis.

    Since the last financial crisis, we have turned around the performance of Wealth Management and Wealth Management Americas. When adjusted for restructuring costs, the gain made on the sale of our strategic investment portfolio in 2011 and a provision related to an arbitration matter in 2010, our wealth management businesses increased their 2011 aggregate profits by 19% to CHF 2.9 billion despite challenging market conditions. This progress also led to increased confidence amongst our clients and we recorded combined net new money of CHF 35.6 billion compared with net outflows of CHF 18.2 billion in 2010. Combined invested assets increased by CHF 2 billion to CHF 1,459 billion. Improved profitability and our ability to attract new assets have enabled us both to retain and recruit high-quality advisors, as evidenced in particular by the significant reduction in advisor attrition rates in our Wealth Management Americas business. We remain committed to our home market and to growing the profitability of our leading Retail & Corporate business, which is critical to the Group in terms of both revenue and profitability, as well as delivering growth to other businesses. The more stringent Basel III capital and liquidity

requirements are likely to lead to increased competition for both secured funding and deposits as a stable source of funding, and to higher funding costs. Our solid funding position, derived from our wealth management businesses and our Retail & Corporate business, as well as the stable earnings generated by our Retail & Corporate business, reinforces our financial position further. Our strategy centers on these businesses and we are committed to building on the progress we have made in the last few years.

Our strategy puts our clients at the center of everything we do and close collaboration between our businesses allows us to deliver the very best of UBS to them. Today, ourIts clients benefit from the comprehensiveentire spectrum of UBS resources, ranging from investment management to estate planning and corporate finance advice, in addition to specific wealth management products and services. An open product platform provides clients with access to a wide array of products from third-party providers that complement our own product lines.

Wealth Management Americas provides advice-based solutions through financial advisors who deliver a fully integrated set of products and services specifically designed to address the needs of ultra high net worth and high net worth individuals and families. It includes the domestic US business, the domestic Canadian business and international business booked in the US.

TheInvestment Bank provides a range of complementary capabilities offered by the Group as a whole. While collaboration has always been part of ourproducts and services in equities, fixed income, foreign exchange and commodities to corporate ethos, we believe there are further benefits to be delivered both for ourand institutional clients, sovereign and our shareholders. As a key part of this, the Investment Bank will work more closely withgovernment bodies, financial intermediaries, alternative asset managers and UBS’s wealth management businesses and increase its emphasis on the execution, advisory and research capabilities it provides to wealth management clients.

The Investment Bank is criticalan active participant in capital markets flow activities, including sales, trading and market-making across a range of securities. It provides financial solutions to its clients, and offers advisory and analytics services in all major capital markets.

Starting with reporting for the successfirst quarter of 2013, it offers investment banking and capital markets, research, equities, foreign exchange, precious metals and tailored fixed income services in rates and credit through its two business units, Corporate Client Solutions and Investor Client Services.

Global Asset Management is a large-scale asset manager with businesses diversified across regions, capabilities and distribution channels. It offers investment capabilities and styles across all major traditional and alternative asset classes including equities, fixed income, currencies, hedge funds, real estate, infrastructure and private equity that can also be combined into multi-asset strategies. The fund services unit provides professional services, including fund set-up, accounting and reporting for traditional investment funds and alternative funds.

Retail & Corporate provides comprehensive financial products and services to our retail, corporate and institutional clients in Switzerland and maintains a leading position in these client segments. It constitutes a central building block of our wealth management businessesuniversal bank model in Switzerland, delivering growth to our other businesses. It supports them by cross-selling products and the Group as a whole. The complementary needs of clients of the Investment Bank and ofservices provided by our wealth management businesses means we can maximize value for them and for the firm. Making connections between clients, markets and ideas is the essence of value creation, and these connections between private wealth and wholesale markets are especially close in areas where we already have a strong presence, such as the Asia Pacific region. There, for example, we have the strongest combination of wealth managementasset-gathering and investment banking businesses, by referring clients to them and through closer collaboration we can build further on our leading position. However, new regulations require usby transferring private clients to build and improve the quality of our capital base, and so we are adjusting our Investment Bank to make it simpler, more focused, less capital-intensive and able to deliver improved risk-adjusted returns. We will build on its strengths in equities, foreign exchange and advisory, while shaping the business in favor of the products and services that our clients demand, that offer the best growth opportunities and that are less capital-intensive.

    We will continue to invest in key geographies and products where we identify opportunities across the Group. In practice, this means that our Wealth Management business will workdue to

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Operating environment and strategy

strengthen its industry-leading positioning, while accelerating development within growth markets. Our Wealth Management Americas business will continue with its strategic banking initiatives, including its mortgage lending initiatives, to ensure continued growth in balances coming from credit lines to our target high net worth and ultra high net worth increased client base. It will also sharpen the focus on “delivering the bank”, as we aim to become the provider of choice for companies, their employees and families for all their wealth management needs. Our Retail & Corporate business will further enhance the range of life cycle products and services we offer our clients, while capitalizing on additional growth opportunities in advisory and execution. Our Global Asset Management business will expand its alternatives platform further and invest in fast-growing passive capabilities, while continuing to grow its third-party wholesale business. Finally, the Investment Bank will work to service our core clients competitively, optimize capital allocation and reduce risk-weighted assets in core businesses with the goal of delivering attractive and sustainable risk-adjusted returns.

Capital strength remains the foundation for our success and we will continue to build capital to achieve our targeted Basel III tier 1 common equity ratio of 13%. This target is above the regulatory requirements for both the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and we believe this will provide even greater comfort to our clients and increase confidence further in the firm as a whole. We have built a strong track record both in balance sheet and legacy asset reductions. Over the past few years, we have successfully reduced our balance sheet and legacy positions: compared with the end of 2008, our balance sheet is over half a trillion Swiss francs smaller and our Basel II risk-weighted assets are approximately 35% lower. We have achieved significant reductions in legacy positions in the Investment Bank since the end of 2008. We will continue to reduce risk by exiting or shrinking businesses within our Investment Bank that deliver unattractive returns relative to their capital consumption, particularly in our fixed income, currencies and commodities operations.

    Vigilance on costs remains paramount in an industry undergoing fundamental change, and since the financial crisis of 2007–2009 we have successfully reduced expenses, with costs for 2011 around 20% below 2008 levels. As concerns mounted around issues in the eurozone and the US during 2011, we took further action to prepare our cost base for more challenging market conditions. In August 2011, we announced a CHF 2 billion cost reduction program. We have already seen some benefits as a result of these measures, and we expect more of the benefits to become apparent in our results over coming quarters. Given the cost reductions we have implemented and announced, scope for further material tactical cuts is limited. Thus we are focused on making strategic changes which go to the heart of our organization’s structure and design. While we believe these changes will be adequate to resize our cost base to the current environment and to meet our financial targets, we will monitor markets actively and, if conditions deteriorate materially, we will take further action.

Our reputation remains our most valuable asset, and retaining the trust and confidence of all our stakeholders is critical to the long-term success of UBS. We have set ourselves the key strategic objective of strengthening our operational risk framework to ensure that all of our employees, at every level of the organization, pay even greater attention to safeguarding and reinforcing our reputation. As a first step, we are enhancing our performance management processes to ensure operational risk has a stronger weighting in the assessment of individuals, teams and business performance. This assessment will be fundamental to the success, compensation and career prospects of all UBS employees.

We are confident that our focus, placing our clients at the center of everything we do, increasing collaboration across the firm, continuing to reduce risk-weighted assets and build capital, while remaining vigilant on costs, constitutes the right strategy to enable us to deliver sustainable earnings and increasingly attractive capital returns to our shareholders.wealth.

The strategic priorities for our businesses

Our strategy centers on our Wealth Management and Wealth Management Americas businesses and our universal bank in Switzerland supported by our Global Asset Management business and the Investment Bank.

Wealth management is a growth business area with attractive profit margins and high barriers to entry in many markets. Our preeminent Wealth Management business has a strong global footprint in all major financial centers, making it ideally placed to take advantage of these conditions and the opportunities they present. Wealth Management Americas is a client-focused and advisor-centric business. We believe the long-term growth prospects of the wealth management business are attractive in the Americas, with the high net worth and ultra high net worth markets expected to be the fastest growing segments in terms of invested assets.

    Our strategy forWealth Management builds onprovides comprehensive financial services to wealthy private clients around the considerable progress we have madeworld – except those served by Wealth Management Americas. Its clients benefit from the entire spectrum of UBS resources, ranging from investment management to estate planning and aimscorporate finance advice, in addition to extendspecific wealth management products and services. An open product platform provides clients with access to a wide array of products from third-party providers that complement our industry-leading position. We planown product lines.

Wealth Management Americas provides advice-based solutions through financial advisors who deliver a fully integrated set of products and services specifically designed to achieve this through a combinationaddress the needs of targeted investments and the expansion of client advisor capabilities in markets we believe present attractive growth opportunities. We aim to increase efficiency by consolidating our on- and offshore European businesses to reflect the convergence of client needs in this market, and we will focus our investment in regions with the highest potential for growth, particularly Asia Pacific and the emerging markets where we expect to see the fastest market growth in the global ultra high net worth and high net worth individuals and families. It includes the domestic US business, the domestic Canadian business and international business booked in the US.

TheInvestment Bank provides a range of products and services in equities, fixed income, foreign exchange and commodities to corporate and institutional clients, sovereign and government bodies, financial intermediaries, alternative asset managers and UBS’s wealth management clients. The Investment Bank is an active participant in capital markets flow activities, including sales, trading and market-making across a range of securities. It provides financial solutions to its clients, and offers advisory and analytics services in all major capital markets.

Starting with reporting for the first quarter of 2013, it offers investment banking and capital markets, research, equities, foreign exchange, precious metals and tailored fixed income services in rates and credit through its two business units, Corporate Client Solutions and Investor Client Services.

Global Asset Management is a large-scale asset manager with businesses diversified across regions, capabilities and distribution channels. It offers investment capabilities and styles across all major traditional and alternative asset classes including equities, fixed income, currencies, hedge funds, real estate, infrastructure and private equity that can also be combined into multi-asset strategies. The fund services unit provides professional services, including fund set-up, accounting and reporting for traditional investment funds and alternative funds.

Retail & Corporate provides comprehensive financial products and services to our retail, corporate and institutional clients in Switzerland and maintains a leading position in these client segments. It constitutes a central building block of our universal bank model in Switzerland, delivering growth to our other businesses. It supports them by cross-selling products and services provided by our asset-gathering and investment banking businesses, by referring clients to them and by transferring private clients to Wealth Management due to increased client wealth.

TheCorporate Center provides control functions for the business divisions and the Group in such areas as risk control, legal and compliance as well as finance including treasury services, funding, balance sheet and capital management. The Corporate Center – Core Functions provides all logistics and support functions including information technology, human resources, corporate development, Group regulatory relations and strategic initiatives, communications and branding, corporate real estate and administrative services, procurement, physical and information security, offshoring as well as Group-wide operations. It allocates most of its treasury income, operating expenses and personnel associated with these activities to the businesses based on capital and service consumption levels. The Corporate Center also encompasses certain centrally managed positions, including the SNB StabFund option, the Legacy Portfolio and, starting with reporting for the first quarter of 2013, non-core businesses previously part of the Investment Bank.

Annual Report 2012

Our Board of Directors

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The Board of Directors (BoD) is our most senior body. Under the leadership of the Chairman, it determines the strategy of the Group based upon the recommendations of the Group Chief Executive Officer (Group CEO). It exercises ultimate supervision of management and is responsible for the appointment and dismissal of all Group Executive Board (GEB) members, the Company Secretary and the Head of Group Internal Audit as well as supervising and setting appropriate risk management and control principles for the firm. With the exception of its current Chairman, Axel A. Weber, all members of the BoD are independent.

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1Axel A. Weber Chairman of the Board of Directors, Chairperson of the Governance and Nominating Committee and member of the Corporate Responsibility Committee  2Isabelle Romy Member of the Audit Committee and the Governance and Nominating Committee  3David Sidwell Senior Independent Director, Chairperson of the Risk Committee and member of the Governance and Nominating Committee  4Beatrice Weder di Mauro Member of the Audit Committee and Corporate Responsibility Committee  5William G. Parrett Chairperson of the Audit Committee and member of the Corporate Responsibility Committee  6Wolfgang Mayrhuber Chairperson of the Corporate Responsibility Committee and member of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee  7Michel Demaré Independent Vice Chairman, member of the Audit Committee and the Governance and Nominating Committee  8Axel P. Lehmann Member of the Governance and Nominating Committee and the Risk Committee  9Ann F. Godbehere Chairperson of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee and member of the Audit Committee   10Rainer-Marc Frey Member of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee and the Risk Committee   11Joseph Yam Member of the Corporate Responsibility Committee and the Risk Committee  12Helmut Panke Member of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee and the Risk Committee

Annual Report 2012

Our Group Executive Board

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The management of the firm is delegated by the Board of Directors to the Group Executive Board. Under the leadership of the Group Chief Executive Officer, the Group Executive Board has executive management responsibility for the Group and its businesses. It assumes overall responsibility for the development of the Group and business division strategies and the implementation of approved strategies.

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1Sergio P. Ermotti Group CEO  2Lukas Gähwiler CEO UBS Switzerland and CEO Retail & Corporate  3Ulrich Körner Group Chief Operating Officer and CEO UBS Group Europe, Middle East and Africa  4Philip J. Lofts Group Chief Risk Officer  5Robert J. McCann CEO Wealth Management Americas and CEO UBS Group Americas  6Jürg Zeltner CEO UBS Wealth Management  7Tom  Naratil Group CFO  8Chi-Won Yoon CEO UBS Group Asia Pacific  9Andrea Orcel CEO Investment Bank  10John A. Fraser Chairman and CEO Global Asset Management  11Markus U. Diethelm Group General Counsel

Annual Report 2012

The making of UBS

UBS has played a pivotal role in the development and growth of Switzerland’s banking tradition since the firm’s origins in the mid-19th century. In 2012, the year of our 150th anniversary, we accelerated our strategic transformation of the firm to create a business model that is better adapted to the new regulatory and market circumstances and that we believe will result in more consistent and high-quality returns.

The origins of the banking industry in Switzerland can be traced back to medieval times. This long history may help explain the widespread impression, reinforced in popular fiction, that Switzerland has always possessed a strong financial sector. In reality, the size and international reach of the Swiss banking sector we know today is largely a product of the second half of the 20th century, strongly influenced by two banks:

Union Bank of Switzerland and Swiss Bank Corporation (SBC), which merged to form UBS in 1998.

At the time of the merger, both banks were already well-established and successful in their own right. Union Bank of Switzerland celebrated its 100th anniversary in 1962, tracing its origins back to

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the Bank in Winterthur. SBC marked its centenary in 1972 with celebrations in honor of its founding forebear, the Basler Bankverein. The historical roots of Paine-Webber, acquired by UBS in 2000, go back to 1879, while S.G. Warburg, the central pillar upon which UBS’s Investment Bank was built, commenced operations in 1946.

In the early 1990s, SBC and Union Bank of Switzerland were both commercial banks operating mainly out of Switzerland. The banks shared a similar vision: to become a world leader in wealth management, a successful global investment bank and a top-tier global asset manager, while remaining an important commercial and retail bank in their home market of Switzerland.

Union Bank of Switzerland, the largest and best-capitalized Swiss bank of its time, pursued these goals primarily through a strategy of organic growth. In contrast, SBC, then the third-largest Swiss bank, grew through a combination of partnership and acquisition. In 1989, SBC started a joint venture with O’Connor, a leading US derivatives firm noted for its dynamic and innovative culture, its meritocracy and its

team-oriented approach. O’Connor brought state-of-the-art risk management and derivatives technology to SBC, and in 1992 SBC moved to fully acquire O’Connor. In 1994, SBC added to its capabilities when it acquired Brinson Partners, a leading US-based institutional asset management firm.

The next major milestone was in 1995, when SBC acquired S.G. Warburg, the British merchant bank. The deal helped SBC fill a strategic gap in its corporate finance, brokerage, and research capabilities and, most importantly, brought with it an institutional client franchise that remains crucial to our equities business to this day.

The 1998 merger of SBC and Union Bank of Switzerland into the firm we know today created a world-class wealth manager and the largest universal bank in Switzerland, complemented by a strong investment bank and a leading global institutional asset manager. In 2000, UBS grew further with the acquisition of PaineWebber, establishing the firm as a significant player in the US.

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Annual Report 2012

Since 2000, UBS has established a strong footprint in the Asia-Pacific region and the emerging markets based on a presence in many of these countries going back decades. Our new global reach found expression through our new global UBS brand identity, introduced in 2003.

The firm’s progress was evident in 2006, the most successful year in its history. However, in 2007 the effects of the global financial crisis started to be felt across the financial industry. This crisis had its origins in the securitized financial product business linked to the US residential real estate market. Between the third quarter of 2007 and the fourth quarter of 2009, UBS incurred significant losses on these assets. The firm responded with decisive action designed to reduce risk exposures and stabilize its businesses, including raising capital on multiple occasions.

More recently, UBS continued to improve its capital strength to meet new and enhanced industry-wide regulatory requirements. Our position as one the world’s best-capitalized banks, together with our stable funding and sound liquidity positions, provide us with a solid foundation for our success. In October 2012, from this position of strength, we announced a significant acceleration in the implementation of our strategy. This announcement underlined our commitment to transform UBS into a less capital- and balance-sheet-intensive business that is more focused on serving clients and more capable of maximizing value for shareholders. We are well prepared for the future with a clear strategy and a solid financial foundation.

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Refer towww.ubs.com/history for more detailed information on UBS’s 150 years of history

Our 150th anniversary: an occasion to build and deepen relationships

In 2012, we celebrated our firm’s 150th anniversary, marking the occasion by redoubling efforts to enhance our social and charitable commitments around the world. Throughout our anniversary year, we connected with thousands of our clients worldwide through celebrations in Switzerland and at our major business locations. All business regions organized and undertook events and other activities focused on our employees. In October 2012, a global volunteering recognition program gave awards to individual employees and groups of employees for outstanding community involvement.

In Switzerland, our anniversary activities leveraged existing marketing and sponsorship programs such as our collaboration with Switzerland Tourism, the UBS KeyClub bonus program and the UBS Kids Cup, which had nearly 100,000 participants in 2012. On 25 June 2012, we distributed more than one million vouchers to clients and the general public for boat trips on Swiss lakes.

We also launched a key education initiative in April 2012 as part of our anniversary celebrations. Consisting of six sub-projects, the UBS Education Initiative centers on the UBS International Center of Economics in Society at the University of Zurich. The initiative will enable the creation of up to five professorships in coming years, starting in 2013, to stimulate cutting-edge international research into the economic sector. Other sub-projects go beyond academia. One example is Exploreit, which aims to encourage school children’s interest in science and technology. We also support Young Enterprise Switzerland, an initiative which helps school children learn how the business world works. Other organizations we work with include Genilem, which helps young entrepreneurs and start-up companies to establish their businesses, and KMU Next, an organization for entrepreneurs who are planning their succession. As part of a lifelong learning project, we aim to enhancesupport employees of all age groups on their career paths. UBS is

also continuing to invest in the business’s gross margin through pricingnext generation of talented individuals with the creation of 150 extra apprenticeships over the next five years and 150 extra internships over the next three years.

To convey these initiatives and events to our stakeholders, we launched a special 150th anniversary microsite. We also distributed a 38-page UBS history brochure entitled “150 years of banking” to our employees, pensioners and clients worldwide, and we published additional feature articles on UBS’s history that appeared in our internal media.

Our activities throughout 2012 signaled our optimism and confidence in the future. For the remainder of 2013 and beyond, we will continue to build on our heritage by strengthening and deepening our business relationships, and by helping the communities in which we live and work through long-lasting and valuable programs.

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Refer to the corporate responsibility section for more information on UBS’s social and charitable commitments

Operating

environment

and strategy


Operating environment and strategy

Current market climate and industry drivers

Current market climate and industry drivers

Global stock markets rebounded strongly in 2012, supported by confidence-boosting measures in Europe and expansive monetary policy. However, the macroeconomic environment worsened, especially in Europe, as the sovereign debt crisis spilled over to eurozone core countries in the second half of the year. The resulting eurozone recession weakened global economic activity.

Subdued recovery despite expansive monetary measures

While a series of interventions from central banks gave confidence to stock markets over the year, the macroeconomic environment in Europe deteriorated, especially in the second half of 2012, as the unresolved sovereign debt and banking crisis spread beyond peripheral countries and began to affect core countries such as France and Germany. The situation worsened with public spending in eurozone countries contracting as a result of the necessary fiscal consolidation of public finances and as a decline in consumers’ expenditure reduced the pace of economic activity. At the same time, the macroeconomic environment and stricter regulatory requirements prompted banks to speed up deleveraging, putting an additional dampening effect on economic growth.

In the US, some sectors of the economy, especially housing and the labor market showed signs of improvement, predominantly in the second half of the year. However, overall economic performance remained lackluster and continued to be subject to uncertainty primarily surrounding fiscal policy, despite a last-minute compromise at the turn of the year to avoid the fiscal cliff.

Emerging economies remained the global drivers of growth, but their improvement, particularly China’s, lagged behind that of previous recoveries, as structural advantages that benefited emerging economies in the past are gradually fading. Furthermore, growth in emerging countries was also slowed by spillover effects from recessionary developments in Europe and the slow recovery of the US. In addition, China was negatively affected by uncertainty surrounding domestic political developments prior to the formation of its new government.

Euro crisis persists

In 2012, the European sovereign debt crisis continued to be among the most significant factors influencing the global economy, despite a series of policy actions aimed at resolving it.

    At the beginning of 2012, the rating agency Standard & Poor’s downgraded the credit ratings of nine eurozone governments, including France and Austria, both previously AAA-rated countries. Shortly afterwards, Standard & Poor’s also downgraded the rating of the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF). Measures initiated by the European Central Bank (ECB) to calm markets, such as the second tranche of its longer-term refinancing operation, only resulted in short-term relief. The unresolved sovereign debt and banking crises in peripheral countries threatened to affect larger nations like Italy and Spain, and as a result more fundamental measures were introduced

aimed toward a sustainable crisis resolution. In June, the European Stability Mechanism (ESM) was granted additional powers, which provided the ESM with the flexibility to purchase government bonds directly in the primary market as well as to recapitalize banks directly. In September, the ECB announced the technical framework for its outright monetary transactions program that allows the ECB unlimited purchases of government bonds, provided the issuing countries meet certain conditions regarding their economic policies associated with the EFSF/ESM.

The economic environment in Greece deteriorated during 2012 and at the end of the first quarter, the eurozone finance ministers agreed on a further rescue package, which included a writedown of 53% of the face value of Greek government bonds. This measure proved insufficient to stabilize the economic situation in Greece, making a further support program necessary, which was agreed at the end of the year.

Toward the end of the year, financial conditions in Europe improved and sovereign credit default swap spreads narrowed significantly. Nevertheless, the financial stability of the eurozone continues to be fragile, and significant challenges lie ahead, including large-scale bond issuance in Spain during 2013.

The Swiss economy, despite outperforming its European peers, was also affected by recessionary tendencies in the euro-

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Operating environment and strategy

zone, given its strong economic links. As a consequence, economic growth in Switzerland declined to 1% in 2012, from 1.9% in 2011.

Outlook for 2013

While long-term structural issues such as high debts across advanced economies and unbalanced growth models in emerging economies remain unsettled, 2013 could mark the dawn of the post-crisis era. We expect global economic growth to increase modestly to 3.0% in 2013 from 2.7% in 2012. In the US, headwinds of private sector deleveraging are receding and recession in several of the peripheral eurozone countries is expected to be less significant than previously projected. However, considerable uncertainties related to the debt crisis, fiscal austerity and widespread deleveraging remain, potentially resulting in only slightly positive growth in the eurozone in 2013. As we expect global inflationary pressures to remain limited, monetary policy in advanced economies will probably remain accommodative.

Industry drivers

Despite strong share price performance within the financial industry during the year, banks faced a number of challenges.

Regulatory developments remain the main driver behind structural changes in the industry

Regulators and legislators in 2012 continued to put pressure on the financial industry to become simpler and more transparent, more risk-averse and less leveraged. The year was characterized on one hand by progress in implementing existing regulations, such as Basel III and recovery and resolution planning. The year was also characterized on the other hand by new, far-reaching reform proposals such as the recommendations of the European Commission’s High-level Expert Group on reforming the structure of the EU banking sector. These suggested, amongst others, that deposit-taking operations should be separated from large trading activities at European banks. Discussions on the issue are ongoing in Europe, and the European Commission may propose legislation in 2013.

Over the course of 2012, the financial industry continued to adjust to new, stricter capital and liquidity rules related to Basel III, which became effective in Switzerland on 1 January 2013. Over time, these rules may lead to a fundamental change in the financial industry’s structure, discouraging many investment banking and trading strategies. As a consequence, financial institutions are expected to focus even more on fee-generating business that requires less capital and funding, with increased competition in these businesses also likely to put pressure on returns.

    Despite progress in the implementation of many regulatory initiatives in 2012, the financial industry continued to face regulatory uncertainties on multiple fronts that weigh on the growth appetite and earning power of the sector. Examples include discrepancies in the way Basel III has been incorporated into national rules and its postponed implementation in a number of participating countries. Uncertainty also remains with

regard to the implementation of the Volcker Rule in the US, for which several key elements have yet to be fully defined.

Macroeconomic environment impacting the industry

The macroeconomic environment remained extremely challenging for the financial industry. While top-line growth was constrained by stricter regulatory requirements, especially around capital and liquidity standards, the prevailing low-yield environment and flat yield curve put further pressure on net interest margins and revenues. Additionally, credit demand was low, also as a result of spillover effects following the overall economic downturn. The weak revenue environment prompted the industry to focus on increasing operational efficiency, resulting in widespread cost-saving initiatives, which included personnel reductions, branch optimization, and other measures to realign cost structures with the subdued revenue levels.

From funding challenge to capital challenge in the eurozone

While obtaining sufficient medium- and long-term funding to maintain a cost-efficient and balanced liquidity and funding position was a key challenge in 2011, a series of central bank measures, such as the ECB’s longer-term refinancing operation, have somewhat eased funding pressure on EU banks. In 2012, the challenge was rather meeting minimum capital requirements defined by regulators and policy makers. For example the European Banking Authority required banks to build up additional capital buffers to reach a level of 9% core tier 1 capital ratio by the end of June 2012. Following this recommendation an EU-wide recapitalization exercise was initiated to close the capital requirements of certain banks. This exercise resulted in an increase in banks’ capital positions in Europe of more than EUR 115 billion by means of multiple recapitalization measures. The majority of the required recapitalization was achieved through direct capital measures, which included the issuance of new ordinary shares, the payment of dividends in shares, retained earnings and the conversion of hybrid capital into common capital. Further measures included a reduction of risk-weighted assets, for instance through the disposal of assets and continued deleveraging.

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Operating environment and strategy

Current market climate and industry drivers

In Switzerland, the two largest banks face new capital requirements, which were defined as part of the revisions of the capital adequacy and banking ordinances, issued on 1 June 2012 to implement the “too-big-to-fail” law and Basel III.

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Refer to the “Regulatory developments” section of this report for more information

Continued pressure on client confidentiality

Pressure on client confidentiality continued to increase worldwide. In this context, Switzerland’s bilateral withholding tax agreements with the United Kingdom and Austria came into force on 1 January 2013. Under these agreements, residents of both countries can have their existing banking relationships in Switzerland retrospectively treated as declared either by making a one-time tax payment or by disclosing their accounts. Future investment income and capital gains of residents of Austria and the United Kingdom with undisclosed accounts in Switzerland will be subject to a final withholding tax, with Switzerland transferring the proceeds to the respective authorities. While additional withholding tax negotiations

between Switzerland and other EU countries are ongoing, Switzerland’s bilateral tax treaty with Germany was rejected by the German Bundesrat in November 2012 and a specially appointed mediation committee within the German parliament was unable to reach agreement on the treaty in December 2012.

Furthermore, the Swiss Federal Council announced the overall direction regarding the new financial integrity strategy (Weissgeldstrategie), which foresees that by implementing enhanced due diligence requirements, banks and other financial intermediaries should be prevented from accepting assets that are not tax-compliant.

Pressure on client confidentiality will have an impact on the business of banks serving cross-border clients, particularly in Switzerland. As a consequence, the financial services industry will need to adapt to new client demands, rethink its cross-border value propositions and make significant efforts to ensure operational readiness and compliance. This is likely to be a challenge, particularly for smaller banks, and is expected to lead to further consolidation in the sector.

Operating environment and strategy

Regulatory developments

In 2012, many regulatory initiatives, launched following the 2007–2009 financial crisis, progressed toward implementation. In particular, changes to capital adequacy and banking ordinances to implement the “too-big-to-fail” law and Basel III in Switzerland were finalized and entered into force on 1 January 2013.

Regulatory developments in Switzerland

The Swiss “too-big-to-fail” (TBTF) law, a revision of the Swiss banking law, orBankengesetz, was adopted on 30 September 2011. Related changes to Swiss capital adequacy and banking ordinances were issued on 1 June 2012, which also supported the implementation of Basel III. Following the revision of the Capital Adequacy Ordinance, Swiss banks have to comply with the Basel III-related requirements based on a transitional timetable, according to which requirements are phased in from 1 January 2013 and will take effect on a fully applied basis on 1 January 2019.

On top of the Basel III requirements, specific TBTF rules apply for systemically relevant banks in Switzerland (currently defined as UBS and Credit Suisse by the Swiss National Bank). These institutions will have to fulfill the following capital requirements: (i) a minimum of 4.5% of risk-weighted assets (RWA) in the form of Basel III common equity tier 1 (CET1) capital, (ii) a buffer of 8.5% composed of a minimum of 5.5% of RWA in the form of Basel III CET1 capital and up to 3% of RWA in the form of high-trigger loss-absorbing capital, which can also be substituted by Basel III CET1 capital, and (iii) a progressive component that depends on the total exposure and market share of the bank and that should be fulfilled with low-trigger loss-absorbing capital. We expect our requirement for this progressive component in 2019 to fall to 4.5% from 6.0% due to our planned reduction in balance sheet size related to the accelerated implementation of our strategy announced in October 2012 and the resulting reduction in total exposure. We expect this to reduce our total capital requirement to 17.5% by 2019.

Furthermore, the Capital Adequacy Ordinance introduces a new minimum leverage ratio. The leverage ratio requirement is set at a level of 24% of the minimum capital ratio requirement for the capital base, the buffer capital and the progressive component. Based on our expected total capital requirement of 17.5%, we estimate that this leverage ratio will be approximately 4.2% as of 1 January 2019.

In addition, systemically relevant banks are required to produce recovery plans and resolution planning materials, including an emergency plan which demonstrates how systemically important functions in Switzerland are to be maintained in the event of impending insolvency. UBS submitted the plans and planning materials to the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) in 2012. UBS was also required to submit initial recovery and resolution planning documentation to authorities in the UK, the US and Germany.

Under the new Swiss TBTF regulation, systemically relevant banks are eligible for a capital rebate on the progressive component if they take actions that facilitate recovery and resolvability beyond the minimum requirements to ensure the integrity of systemically important functions in the case of impending insolvency. The regulation does not specify what actions would be sufficient to justify a rebate or the magnitude of any rebate, both of which would be determined by FINMA.

Finally, with the revision of the Capital Adequacy Ordinance, a mechanism for activating a countercyclical capital buffer was introduced. If activated, banks would be required to fulfill additional capital requirements of up to 2.5% of RWA on some or all risk exposures in Switzerland in the form of Basel III CET1 capital. The Swiss National Bank can, after consulting with FINMA and informing the Federal Department of Finance, formally propose the activation of the buffer to the Federal Council, which decides on its activation on a case-by-case basis, depending on credit growth and the systemic risk situation in Switzerland. In February 2013, following such a proposal by the Swiss National Bank, the Federal Council decided to activate the countercyclical capital buffer with respect to mortgage loans financing residential property located in Switzerland. The buffer has been set at 1% of associated RWA. Banks in Switzerland must fulfill this additional requirement by 30 September 2013. The effect of the activation of the countercyclical buffer on our capital requirements is not material.

A further important development in Switzerland was FINMA’s decision to apply a bank-specific multiplier for banks using the internal ratings-based (IRB) approach when calculating RWA for Swiss residential mortgages. The purpose of the multiplier is to reduce the difference in RWA between the IRB and the standardized approach as well as to improve resilience to periods of stress in the Swiss real estate market. This multiplier is designed to be applied to new and renewed mortgages starting on 1 January 2013 and as a result, the entire Swiss residential mortgage portfolio will become subject to this multiplier over several years. Starting 1 January 2013, we apply a multiplier to the portfolio, phasing in the effect over the next seven years. Assuming no change in the portfolio size or other characteristics, we expect this multiplier to result in increased RWA of CHF 2–3 billion each year from 2013 through 2019.

With regard to the Basel III liquidity framework, the Group of Governors and Heads of Supervision, the oversight body of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, announced a summary of amendments to the liquidity coverage ratio (LCR). These revi-

Operating environment and strategy

Regulatory developments

sions include a broadening of the range of assets eligible as high-quality liquid assets as well as some amendments to the assumed outflow rates to reflect actual experience in periods of stress more accurately. In addition, banks were given more time to build up required liquidity as the implementation of the LCR will be staggered, starting at 60% in 2015 and rising in annual steps to meet the 100% minimum standard by 2019. The impact of these changes on UBS will depend on whether and to what degree FINMA makes corresponding changes to its Basel III liquidity ratio rules.

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Refer to the “Our strategy” and the “Risk, treasury and capital management” sections of this report for more information

In a referendum in March 2013, the Swiss cantons and voters accepted an initiative to give shareholders of Swiss listed companies more influence over board and management compensation. The Federal Council must issue an ordinance within one year of the vote, and parliament must subsequently enact legislation to implement the requirements of the constitutional provisions. It will only be possible to assess the impact of the vote on UBS once concrete legislation and implementation measures are in place. UBS, together with the Swiss Business Federation, will play a constructive part in the process of developing implementation measures, with the aim of maintaining Switzerland’s competitiveness as an international business location.

A number of key initiatives continue to be delayed in the EU

In 2012, the European Commission initiated a number of regulatory initiatives, forming part of the EU response to the 2007-2009 financial crisis. Key new legislative proposals included (i) a proposal for a banking union, which includes a single supervisory mechanism that would provide the ECB with supervisory powers over large EU banks, (ii) the Crisis Management Directive, which addresses recovery and resolution of banks and investment firms, and (iii) the Undertakings for Collective Investment in Transferable Securities V Directive, which provides new requirements for depositaries and fund managers.

An agreement was reached on the European Markets Infrastructure Regulation, which fulfills the G20’s commitment to clear standardized over-the-counter (OTC) derivative contracts through a central counterparty and to report derivative transactions to trade repositories. However, political agreement on the Capital Requirements Directives IV, implementing Basel III in the EU, was not reached before the end of 2012. Therefore, the implementation of Basel III is being delayed in the EU. In addition, the review of the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive was another high priority dossier on which no political agreement was reached in 2012.

The financial transaction tax is another topic likely to shape the political agenda in 2013. Following an agreement among Austria, Belgium, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia and Spain to implement such a tax, the European Commission published its legislative proposal in February 2013. The text will now be discussed in the Council, while the Parliament will provide a non-binding opinion. Furthermore, in October 2012, the European Commission’s High-level Expert Group on reforming the structure of the EU banking sector issued its recommendations in the so-called Liikanen report, including the mandatory separation of significant trading activities. The European Commission may now decide whether to legislate on further structural reforms of the banking sector following these recommendations. In the UK, work continues on the recommendations of the Independent Commission on Banking (ICB), which proposed in particular the ring-fencing of large retail operations in the UK. To give effect to the ICB’s recommendations, on 4 February 2013 the Financial Services (Banking Reform) Bill was introduced in the country’s parliament.

In the US significant progress was made on the implementation of Dodd-Frank

Developments in US regulatory initiatives related primarily to rule-making stemming from the Dodd-Frank Act passed in July 2010. Regulators made significant progress and many rules were issued in final form during 2012.

Operating environment and strategy

UBS AG registered as a swap dealer in the US at the end of 2012 enabling the continuation of swaps business with US persons. Regulations issued by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) impose substantial new requirements on registered swap dealers for clearing, trade execution, transaction reporting, recordkeeping, risk management and business conduct. The CFTC has granted time-limited relief to initially limit the scope of new requirements to transactions with US persons. Certain of the CFTC’s regulations, including those relating to swap data reporting, recordkeeping, compliance and supervision, are expected to apply to UBS AG globally once this time-limited relief expires. Application of these requirements to UBS’s swaps business with non-US persons will present a substantial implementation burden, will likely duplicate or conflict with legal requirements applicable to UBS outside of the United States and may place UBS at a competitive disadvantage to firms that are not CFTC-registered swap dealers. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is expected to propose rules for the extraterritorial application of its regulation of securities-based swaps in the first half of 2013, and to require registration of securities-based swap dealers in the US following adoption of such rules. SEC regulation of securities-based swaps may present similar risks to CFTC rules.

Another key topic remains the Volcker Rule, which would prohibit banking entities from engaging in proprietary trading, subject to permitted exceptions, including market-making, hedging and underwriting activities. The rule would also limit banking entities from investing in hedge funds, private equity funds and other similar “covered funds” except under limited circumstances, and broadly limit investments and other transactional activities between banks and covered funds. The two-year transition period to comply with the Volcker Rule’s prohibition commenced in July 2012. US regulators proposed regulations to further implement the Volcker Rule, and additional regulations are expected in the first half of 2013. It is unclear if the next issuance of Volcker regulations will be proposed or final. Depending on the nature of the final rules, as well as the manner in

which they are implemented, the Volcker Rule could have a substantial impact on market liquidity and the economics of market-making. We are not able to estimate the effect of the implementation of the Volcker Rule compliance program on permitted trading activities until regulations, including the required metrics, are finalized and these required metrics are calculated and calibrated.

The regulation of foreign banking organizations within the US became a key Dodd-Frank Act topic at the end of 2012. The Federal Reserve Board issued proposed rules for foreign banking organizations in the US (under sections 165 and 166 of Dodd-Frank Act) that include (i) a requirement for an intermediate holding company to hold US subsidiary operations, (ii) risk-based capital and leverage requirements, (iii) liquidity requirements (both substantive and procedural), (iv) single-counterparty credit limits, (v) risk management and risk committee requirements, (vi) stress test requirements, including public disclosure of the results, (vii) a debt-to-equity limit, and (viii) a framework for early remediation of financial weaknesses. Requirements differ based on the overall size of the foreign banking organization and the size of its US-based assets. UBS will be subject to the most stringent requirements based on the current size of its global and US operations.

The Dodd-Frank Act and the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act both require UBS to look at the activities conducted through all legal entities across the UBS Group to determine the applicability of the rules. These regulatory regimes impose registration and ongoing reporting obligations. UBS will need to implement a comprehensive compliance program to address these requirements, which will extend to all business divisions and legal entities, not just those based in the US.

Other important regulations in the US include mortgage lending opportunities. and consumer finance reform as well as changes to the requirements for financial advisors.

Finally, while initial proposals on Basel III rules were issued for consultation in June 2012 in the US, final rules are still pending and implementation is being delayed beyond the internationally agreed timetable.

Operating environment and strategy

Our strategy

Our strategy

We are committed to providing clients with superior financial advice and solutions while generating attractive and sustainable returns for shareholders. Our strategy centers on our Wealth Management and Wealth Management Americas businesses and our leading universal bank in Switzerland, supported by our Global Asset Management business and our Investment Bank. Our strategy builds on the strengths of all of our businesses. It focuses our efforts on areas in which we excel and seeks to capitalize on the compelling growth prospects in the businesses and regions in which we operate.

Acceleration of our strategic transformation

Since presenting our strategy at our Investor Day in November 2011, we have successfully executed on our plans to improve our already strong capital position and reduce Basel III risk-weighted assets (RWA) and costs. Just over one year into the transformation of our firm, our Basel III capital ratios remain among the highest in our peer group, and we have reduced Basel III RWA1 by 35%. Furthermore, we are on track with our CHF 2.0 billion cost reduction program announced in August 2011.

In October 2012, from this position of strength, we announced a traditional private banksignificant acceleration in the implementation of our strategy.

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This announcement underlined our commitment to transform our Group into a less capital- and balance-sheet-intensive business that is more focused on serving clients and capable of maximizing value for shareholders. We are transforming our Investment Bank, focusing on its traditional strengths in advisory, research, equities, foreign exchange and precious metals, and we are taking additional action to reduce costs and improve efficiency across the Group.

We are exiting certain business lines, predominantly those in fixed income, that have been rendered less attractive by changes in regulation and market developments. After transferring the non-core businesses and positions to be exited to the Corporate Center, we have retained limited credit and rates trading in our Investment Bank, along with structured financing capabilities, to support its solutions-focused businesses. Our leading equities and foreign exchange businesses, including our emerging markets foreign exchange capabilities, continue to be cornerstones of our Investment Bank’s services. We have not significantly altered our advisory and capital markets businesses, but have reorganized our existing business functions to better serve our clients. As a result of the abovementioned transfers and additional RWA reductions, our Investment Bank started 2013 operating with approximately CHF 64 billion of Basel III RWA, within its target RWA of CHF 70 billion or less. We are convinced that our new Investment Bank is capable of delivering returns well in excess of its cost of capital, and we are targeting a pre-tax return on attributed equity of greater than 15% starting in 2013 in this division.

Our Corporate Center is tasked with managing non-core assets, previously part of the Investment Bank, in the most value-accretive way for shareholders. These diversified assets will be reported within our “Non-core and Legacy Portfolio” unit within the Corporate Center from the first quarter of 2013. At the end of 2012, this portfolio represented approximately CHF 105 billion in Basel III RWA, which we aim to reduce progressively to approximately CHF 25 billion by the end of 2017. As a result, we are targeting Group RWA of less than CHF 200 billion on a fully applied Basel III basis by the end of 2017.

1 The pro-forma Basel III information is not required to be presented because Basel III requirements were not in effect on 31 December 2012. Such measures are non-GAAP financial measures as defined by SEC regulations. We nevertheless include information on the basis of Basel III requirements because they are effective as of 1 January 2013 and significantly impact our RWA and eligible capital. The calculation of our pro-forma Basel III RWA combines existing Basel 2.5 RWA, a revised treatment for low-rated securitization exposures that are no longer deducted from capital but are risk-weighted at 1250%, and new model-based capital charges. Some of these new models require final regulatory approval and therefore our pro-forma calculations include estimates (discussed with our primary regulator) of the effect of these new capital charges, which will be refined as models and the associated systems are enhanced.

Operating environment and strategy

Maintaining cost discipline is critical to our long-term success and is a key element of the cost reduction plans we announced in October 2012. To this end, we announced measures to achieve additional annual costs savings of CHF 3.4 billion by 2015 that include reducing our Investment Bank’s complexity and size, improving organizational effectiveness, primarily in our Corporate Center, and introducing lean front-to-back processes across our Group. These savings come in addition to the CHF 2.0 billion annual cost reduction program that we announced in 2011 and expect to complete by the end of 2013. As a consequence of our measures to support the long-term efficiency of our firm, we expect our headcount to be around 54,000 in 2015 compared with approximately 63,000 at the end of 2012. Our investment in these initiatives is reflected in restructuring charges of CHF 258 million in the fourth quarter of 2012 and expectations of further incremental charges of approximately CHF 1.1 billion in 2013, CHF 0.9 billion in 2014 and CHF 0.8 billion in 2015.

Our efficiency programs will free up resources to make investments over the next three years to support growth across our firm and enable us to service our clients with greater agility and effectiveness, improving quality and speed to market. These investments are expected to reach CHF 1.5 billion over the next three years.

2013 and 2014 will be key years of transition for our Investment Bank and our Group as we work through our plans to restructure our businesses and reduce our cost base. As a result, during these years we expect our Group to deliver a return on equity in the mid-single digits as we transform our business. We believe the changes we are making will enable us to deliver improved returns and thus we have set a Group return on equity target of more than 15% from 2015 onwards. We are also targeting a Group cost/income ratio of 60% to 70% from 2015 onwards.

We are well prepared for the future with a clear strategy and a solid financial foundation. We are firmly committed to returning capital to our shareholders and plan to continue our program of progressive returns to shareholders with a proposed 50% increase in dividends to CHF 0.15 per share for the financial year 2012. Once we have achieved our capital targets, we are aiming for a total payout ratio of 50%, consisting of a baseline dividend and supplementary returns. We intend to set a baseline dividend at a sustainable level, taking into account normal economic fluctuations. The supplementary capital returns will be balanced with our need for investment and any buffer we choose to maintain for a more challenging economic environment or other stress scenarios. Through the successful implementation of our strategy, we believe we can sustain and grow our business and maintain a prudent capital position.

Our business divisions

OurWealth Management business provides comprehensive financial services to high net worth and ultra high net worth individuals in over 40 countries. We will continue to strengthen Wealth Management’s industry-leading position, particularly in growth markets such as Asia-Pacific and the emerging markets. This will enable us to capitalize on

Annual performance targets1

Group targets:

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wealth generation growth rates that are expected to continue outstripping economic growth. We are developing our business model as a dynamic investmentwealth manager with strong advisoryinvestment management capabilities will helpat its core. We are transforming our European operating model to meetreflect our clients’ converging needs, whateverto increase efficiency and to anticipate the market environment.changing regulatory environment in this market. Our clients will continue to benefit from our global research, superior investment advice and solutions, execution competencies and access to global financial markets. To this end, and with the accessultimate goal of improving our clients’ investment performance, our Chief Investment Officer organization synthesizes the research and expertise of our global network of economists, strategists, analysts and investment specialists from across all business divisions and asset classes. Wealth Management aims to achieve a net new money growth rate of 3% to 5%, a gross margin of 95 to 105 basis points and a cost/income ratio of 60% to 70%.

    Wealth Management Americas provides advice-based solutions through financial advisors who deliver a fully-integrated set of products and services to individuals and families mainly in the

 

 

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Operating environment and strategy

Our strategy

 

Investment Bank gives them to execution, capital markets, investment insightUnited States and research, as well as advisory and other capabilities.

InWealth Management AmericasweCanada. We remain committed to our client-focused and advisor-centric strategy. We will build on our achievements by continuing to focus on delivering advice-based solutionsstrategy and by seeking to capture more banking and lending opportunities in the high net worth and ultra high net worth client segments through our unique position in the market and our force of high-quality financial advisors. We will bolster our financial advisors’ productivity through increased training and platform enhancements, and work to strengthen our partnership with the Investment Bank further. We believe we areconsider ourselves uniquely positioned to serve high net worth and ultra high net worth investorsindividuals and families in the world’s largest wealth market. We believe the long-term growth prospects of wealth management are large enoughattractive in the Americas, with our target high net worth and ultra high net worth markets expected to be relevant, but small enough to be nimble, enabling us to combine the advantages of both large and boutique wealth managers. We aim to differentiate ourselves from competitors by being a trusted and leading provider of financial advice and solutions to our clients by enabling our financial advisors to leverage the full resources of UBS, including unique access to wealth management research and global solutions from our asset-gathering businesses and the Investment Bank.

Our leadingRetail & Corporate business constitutes a central building block for the universal bank model in Switzerland and is critical to the Groupfastest-growing segments in terms of both revenueinvested assets. We will continue our strategic banking initiatives, including mortgage and profitability, as well as deliveringsecurities-based lending initiatives, to ensure continued growth in balances from our target client base. Our Wealth Management Americas business targets a net new money growth rate of 2% to other businesses. 4%, a gross margin of 75 to 85 basis points and a cost/income ratio of 80% to 90%.

Our goalInvestment Bank is to deliver value-added services that make usamong the bankglobal market leaders in its core businesses of choice for retail clients.advisory, research, equities, foreign exchange and precious metals. We will continue to refineinvest in these areas and compete to increase market share. In order to align the delivery of our suiteservices and the execution of life cycle-based offerings whichour strategy with the needs of our core clients, the Investment Bank has been reorganized into two segments, Corporate Client Solutions and Investor Client Services, effective from the beginning of 2013. Corporate Client Solutions includes all advisory and solutions businesses and execution for corporate, financial institutions and sponsor clients. Investor Client Solutions includes execution, distribution and trading for institutional investors, and will provide support to our clients with products and dedicated services to fulfill their evolving needs. Through systematic and consistent salesGroup’s wealth management we will continue to ensure an efficient and seamless sales process. We will continue to put our clients first by investing in our branches and electronic channels, using technology to complement, rather than replace, our traditional branch network.

Our diversity and size puts us in a unique position to serve all our clients’ complex financial needs.businesses. We aim to be the main bankcapitalize on attractive opportunities in less capital-intensive businesses by focusing on delivering best-in-class expertise, solutions-led advisory, thought leadership and global execution capabilities. Operating with under CHF 70 billion of Swiss corporateBasel III RWA and institutional clients ranging from small- and medium-sizeless than CHF 200 billion of funded assets, our Investment Bank aims to deliver a pre-tax return on attributed equity in excess of 15%, with a cost/income ratio of 65% to 85%.

enterprises to multinationals, and from pension funds and commodity traders to banks and insurers. We strive to further expand and leverage our transaction banking capabilities and increase our presence and grow in the commodities trade finance business. Combining the universal bank approach with our local market expertise will enable us to provide access to all UBS capabilities, while generating opportunities to cross-sell and increase referrals. Achieving these goals for the business will allow the firm to continue to benefit from the advantages this success brings to our global brand in general and to our leading wealth management business in particular.

We have shaped ourOurGlobal Asset Management strategy according to the changing needs of clients by developingbusiness is a diversified business modellarge-scale asset manager with businesses well-diversified across investmentregions, capabilities regions and distribution channels. We work closely with our clients in pursuit of their investment goals with long-term performance as our focus. The diversification of our business places us in a good position to benefit from shifting market dynamics and provides a solid foundation for capturing industry growth opportunities.

With long-term performance asopportunities arising from savings and pensions growth. We will continue investing in our focus, we will work closely with clients in pursuit of their investment goals. In particular, we are continuing to expandfast-growing passive capabilities and expanding our strong third-party institutional business both in developed and emerging markets; while also expanding third-party wholesale distribution in the Americas and Europe, building on our strengths in areas including Asia Pacific and Switzerland. We also remainremaining committed to delivering distinctive products and solutions to the clients of UBS’sour Group’s wealth management businesses. We aimalso continue to expand our successful alternatives platform, building on our established positions in real estate and fund of hedge fund businesses,funds businesses. These measures will support us as we seek to deliver a net new money growth rate of 3% to 5%, a gross margin of 32 to 38 basis points and investa cost/income ratio of 60% to 70% in our fast-growing passive capabilities, including exchange-traded funds and strategies tracking non-standard indices.Global Asset Management.

TheInvestment BankRetail & Corporate is critical to the success of UBS,maintains a leading position across its client segments in Switzerland and its strategy is built on the principles of client relevance, capital efficiency and close collaboration with our Wealth Management and Wealth Management Americas businesses. The business is focused firmly on meeting the needsconstitutes a central building block of our universal bank model in Switzerland. We aim to provide comprehensive financial products and services to our retail, corporate and institutional sovereign, ultra high net worth, wealth managementclients in Switzerland. We will continue to enhance the range of life cycle products and otherservices we offer our clients, while adaptingcapitalizing on additional growth opportunities in advisory and execution. From a financial perspective, we expect this business to more stringent capital requirements. Havingcontinue to provide a stable and substantial source of profits and funding for our Group and to generate revenue growth opportunities for other businesses within our Group. Our Retail & Corporate business aims to achieve new business volume growth of 1% to 4%, a net interest margin of 140 to 180 basis points and a cost/income ratio of 50% to 60%.

 

We are building on the strengths all our businesses

Investment BankWealth ManagementRetail & Corporate.Global Asset Management
Wealth Management Americas

– Consistently top-ranked research house1

– Top 3 global equities house2

– Top 3 overall FX market share3 consistently since 2005, #1 FX house 20114

– Best equity derivative house in Asia5

– Top 3 in structured credit in the first half of 20116

– Strong global footprint: consistently among top 3 in APAC IBD, rated # 1 pan-European brokerage firm and a leading Australian Franchise

– World’s leading HNW and UHNW wealth manager: CHF 1.5 trillion of invested assets

– Unrivalled in scope, reach and client mix

– Strong footprint in all major financial centers

– WM: among industry-leading cost/income ratios, significant increase in return on assets since 2009

– WMA: highest financial advisor productivity and invested assets per financial advisor among main US peers

– Leading retail and corporate business in Switzerland

– Driver of growth in Wealth Management, Global Asset Management and the Investment Bank

– Continued to attract strong deposit inflows

– Inherently stable business with strong cash flow generation

– Full-year 2011 per-tax profit of CHF 1.9 billion

– Invested assets: CHF 574 billion, of which 66% from third-party channels

– Full-year 2011 third-party net new money inflows of over CHF 12 billion

– Well diversified across investment capabilities, regions and distribution channels

– Successful alternatives platform, including our real estate7 and fund of hedge funds8 business, both ranked # 2 globally

1  Institutional investor, 2011.  2  UBS estimates based on companies reporting 31.12.2011 YTD revenues.  3  Euromoney FX Poll (2005–2011)  4  Risk Magazine, September 2011.  5  Risk – Structured Products Awards, 2011.  6  Coalition, November 2011.  7  Pensions & Investments, October 2011.  8  InvestHedge, September 2011.

24


Operating environment and strategy

 

competitive and successful Investment Bank is critical to the success of our wealth management businesses. To achieve this we will build on our current strengths in providing flow, solutions and advisory services. We aim to grow our leading equities franchise through targeted technology investments and to reshape our fixed income, currencies and commodities business to materially reduce its level of risk and capital consumption and to make the business more client-focused. We also aim to increase market share in our investment banking department and global capital markets businesses by leveraging our client relationships and global footprint further. To ensure we are able to deliver effectively, we will be highly disciplined in executing, trading, actively managing our portfolio and using our resources to the best possible advantage. To support our goal of becoming more focused and less complex while taking on less risk, we will continue with our efforts to increase our capital efficiency and to actively reduce risk-weighted assets. We will do this by optimizing our business mix in favor of products and services that have the highest relevance to clients, offer the best growth opportunities and are less capital-intensive.

Reducing risk and building capital

We benefit from a strong liquidity position as measured under the proposed Basel III guidelines, and our mix of funding sources is stable and well diversified by market, product and currency, with client deposits providing the single largest source of funding for the firm. Our capital strength is the foundation for the future success of our

businesses and today our Basel 2.5 capital ratio is one of the highest in the industry. We will continue derisking our balance sheet and building our capital base to ensure we remain among the world’s best-capitalized banks under Basel III.

Our strategic imperative to achieve our targets for Basel III capital ratios requires a rapid and prudent reduction of risk deployed in our Investment Bank and in the legacy portfolio in the Corporate Center. We intend to reduce the Group’s Basel III risk-weighted assets by a third with a targeted reduction of risk-weighted assets in the Investment Bank and the legacy portfolio of around half by 2016. These plans to improve capital efficiency in the Investment Bank involve a reduction in risk-weighted assets in our core businesses of approximately 35% and a reduction of around 90% in legacy risk-weighted assets by 2016. We will continue to invest in growth businesses where we have strong market positions and in areas critical to the success of the Group as a whole.

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Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information on Basel III

Measuring our performance

To track our progress in executing our strategy, we have established annual target performance ranges for each of our business divisions and for the Group as a whole. These ranges focus on the key performance metrics of growth, profitability and efficiency. We believe these are the appropriate metrics against which to judge our future success. While any target framework will naturally be subject to the vagaries of the market, we believe these

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1  Our pro-forma Basel III risk-weighted assets are based on estimates and will be refined as we progress with our implementation of new models and associated systems.   2  The 30 September 2011 pro-forma risk-weighted assets of around CHF 400 billion was already factored in the reversal of CHF 17 billion of stress value-at-risk related to the unauthorized trading incident in the fourth quarter of 2011.  3  SNB StabFund option or underlying assets; assumed constant for future periods (around CHF 20 billion).  4  Final composition of the legacy portfolio as of September 2011. Original 30 September 2011 disclosure was CHF around 70 billion in legacy and around CHF 230 billion in core investment Bank.  5  Target assumes constant foreign exchange rates.

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1  Annual performance ranges for 2012 through 2016; excluding own credit and future significant non-recurring items, if any. Targets assume constant foreign exchange rates.  2  Client assets (invested and custody-only assets) and loans (on-balance sheet client liabilities).  3  Net interest income (annualized)/average loans.  4  The return on equity target for the Group and the return on attributed equity target for the Investment Bank apply from the beginning of 2013. 2012 is a transition year as the Group is targeting a substantial reduction in risk-weighted assets. As a result, equity attributed to the Investment Bank is expected to be reduced, including a component to be allocated to the Corporate Center relating to the legacy portfolio that was transferred from the Investment Bank to the Corporate Center before the end of 2011 and will be managed and reported with effect from the first quarter of 2012 within the Corporate Center.

25


Operating environment and strategy

Our strategy

ranges are realistic and achievable on an annual basis over the next five years. As we have previously stated, we have taken 2013 as the starting point for the Group’s return on equity target and the Investment Bank’s return on attributed equity target, because 2012 will be a year of transition for the Investment Bank in which we will focus on reducing

risk-weighted assets in the business. The target performance ranges for all other business divisions apply from 2012. Achieving these divisional targets should enable the Group to deliver a return on equity of 12–17% starting in 2013 and a cost/income ratio of 65–75%.

 

 

UBS Switzerland

 

UBS is the largest and strongestpreeminent universal bank in Switzerland. Switzerland, is the only country where we operate and maintain leading positions in all five of our business areas of retail, wealth management, corporate and institutional banking, wealth and asset management as well asand investment banking. Our strong position in the Swiss home market is crucial to sustain our global brand and further grow our global core business. We are fully committed to our home market and by building onas our 150 years of banking heritage, UBS Switzerland maintains a leading position in all five business areas. With approximatelySwitzerland is crucial in terms of profit stability, sustaining our global brand and growing our global core business. Drawing on our network of around 300 branches and our 4,700 client-facing staff, complemented by state-of-the-art electronic and mobile banking services and customer service centers open to our clients around the clock seven days a week, we are able to reach approximately 80% of Swiss wealth, one in three households, one in every three wealthy individuals and almost half of all Swiss companies. Euromoney and The Banker, two of the world’s leading financial markets magazines, acknowledged our

preeminent position in Switzerland with their prestigious “Best Bank in Switzerland 2012” and “Bank of the Year 2012 in Switzerland” awards, respectively.

We strive to be the leadingstrongest bank in Switzerland with regard to client satisfaction,

employee engagement and sustainable profitability. UBS Switzerland’sour unique universal bank model is central to our success. Our dedicated Swiss management team has representatives from all five business areas and ensures we apply a uniformconsistent approach to the market when offering our full range of banking products, expertise and services. Our cross-divisional management approach allows us to utilize efficiently our existing resources efficiently, promotes cross-divisional thinking and enables seamless collaboration across all business areas. As a result, we are in a unique position to efficiently serve our clients efficiently with a comprehensive range of banking products and services to fit their needs. We are able to

differentiate ourselves throughby leveraging our strengths across all segments while ensuring stability and continuity throughout the client’s life cycle.

Our universal bank model has proven itself to be highly effective in Switzerland and consistently provides a substantial part of the Group’s revenues.

Given the strength of the economy and the stable political environment in Switzerland, the country remains an attractive and growing financial market. This inherent stability and growth has been the basis for ourUBS Switzerland’s success and the constantits contribution from UBS Switzerland to the GroupGroup’s financial performance. Thanks to our universal bank model, vastbroad client base and branch network,seamless multi-channel offering, we are well-positioned to capture future market growth and to strengthen our leading position in our home market.

Operating environment and strategy

Our strategy

UBS – leading the way on Basel III

Our position as one the world’s best-capitalized banks under Basel III, together with our stable funding and sound liquidity positions, provides us with a solid foundation for our success. We have a proven track record of Basel III RWA reduction, surpassing our 2012 Basel III RWA targets ahead of schedule. At the end of 2012, our Basel III pro-forma common equity tier 1 (CET1) ratio was 15.3% calculated on a phase-in basis and 9.8% on a fully applied basis, while our Basel 2.5 capital ratio was 21.3%, giving us one of the highest capital ratios in our peer group. We are committed to continuing to improve these ratios through a combination of retained earnings and efforts to reduce Basel III RWA. By the end of 2012, our pro-forma fully applied Basel III RWA had decreased to CHF 258 billion, a reduction of 35% from the level recorded at the end of the third quarter of 2011, prior to our announcing our strategy at our Investor Day in November of that year. Our goal of reducing Basel III RWA to less than CHF 200 billion by 2017 means that we plan to operate with less than half of the Basel III RWA we had at the end of September 2011.

We are targeting fully applied Basel III CET1 ratios of 11.5% and 13% in 2013 and 2014, respectively. By achieving our targets, we will exceed the regulatory requirements both under FINMA and Basel Committee on Banking Supervisionrules. We believe this will provide even greater comfort to our clients and further increase confidence in the firm.

Our progress towards meeting FINMA’s capital requirements, which are stricter than Basel Committee on Banking Supervision requirements, was evidenced in February and again in August 2012 by our issuance of Basel III-compliant tier 2 loss-absorbing notes in a nominal amount of

USD 2 billion on each occasion. These issuances qualify as tier 2 capital under Basel III rules and as progressive capital buffer in compliance with the “too-big-to-fail” law under Swiss regulations for systemically important banks, and contribute to our targeted loss-absorbing capital. For 2012, the significant changes we made to our compensation framework included the introduction of a deferred contingent

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Operating environment and strategy

capital plan, under which employees will forfeit deferred compensation balances if a 7% Basel III CET1 ratio level is breached or if a non-viability event occurs during the five-year period after the award date. These new high-trigger loss-absorbing instruments will be counted towards our tier 2 capital by our primary regulator. Over the next five years, we could build approximately 100 basis points of such high-trigger loss-absorbing capital from this program.

Our Investment Bank started 2013 with approximately CHF 64 billion in Basel III RWA. Having fully adapted its business to Basel III, it will continue to operate with RWA of less than CHF 70 billion. In line with our strategy to deploy capital efficiently, RWA will continue to grow both in our wealth management businesses and in Retail & Corporate as we deliver attractive lending and mortgage opportunities to our clients.

The non-core assets previously in our Investment Bank have been transferred to our Corporate Center, where they will be reported from the first quarter of 2013 within our Non-core and Legacy Portfolio unit. Our Corporate Center is tasked with managing these diversified assets in the most value-accretive way for shareholders and within the same robust oversight structure that has successfully supported our RWA reduction in our Legacy Portfolio. In total, our Corporate Center manages approximately CHF 105 billion of pro-forma Basel III RWA in our Non-core and Legacy Portfolio unit. We aim to reduce these to around CHF 85 billion by the end of 2013, CHF 55 billion by the end of 2015 and CHF 25 billion by the end of 2017.

In addition to our leading position on capital ratios, our liquidity and funding positions are strong and will be further enhanced as we work to improve our leverage ratio. Our estimated pro-forma regulatory Basel III liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) of 113% and estimated pro-forma net stable funding ratio (NSFR) of 108% at the end of 2012 (both based on current regulatory guidance) exceeded our future minimum regulatory requirement of 100% for both LCR and NSFR for 2019 and 2018, respectively. Our pro-forma FINMA Basel III leverage ratio on a phase-in total capital requirement basis was 3.6% at the end of 2012 compared with an estimated target requirement of 4.2% on 1 January 2019. We have a stable mix of funding sources that is well-diversified by market, product and currency, with client deposits providing the single largest source of funding for our firm. We plan to reduce our Group’s funded balance sheet by around a third by the end of 2015 from approximately CHF 900 billion at the end of the third quarter of 2012. This smaller funded balance sheet will improve our leverage ratios substantially and increase the proportion of deposits as a funding source. Reducing our balance sheet will also lower our funding requirements, enabling us to continue buying back debt selectively, following our cash tender offer in February 2013 in which we bought back approximately CHF 5 billion in certain outstanding bonds. In addition, we expect our FINMA total capital requirement in 2019 to fall to 17.5% from 19% due to our planned decrease in total exposure.

Operating environment and strategy

Our strategy

Basel III / “too-big-to-fail” at a glance

The Basel III global regulatory rules were agreed upon by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision between 2010 and 2011, mainly in response to the 2007 to 2009 financial crisis. Swiss banks are required to comply with the Basel III-related requirements, as implemented by the revised Capital Adequacy Ordinance, based on a transitional timetable. The capital requirements under the Basel III framework are being phased in from 1 January 2013 and will take effect on a fully applied basis on 1 January 2019. The changes made by the Basel III framework will have an increasing impact on the calculation of our phase-in capital ratios during this transition period, mainly due to the deduction of deferred tax assets on net operating losses, the inclusion of the effects of changes to the accounting standard relating to pension liabilities and the phasing out of hybrid tier 1 capital instruments for the calculation of common equity. Further, tier 2 capital instruments that are not compliant with Basel III will be gradually excluded from phase-in total capital. Systemically relevant banks in Switzerland (currently UBS and Credit Suisse) have to comply with the so-called “too-big-to-fail” (TBTF)-specific rules, which come on the top of the Basel III requirements. This means that we have to fulfill stricter regulatory requirements than most other banks in the world.

Key Basel III elements:

Increased quality of regulatory capital base

New capital buffers including capital conservation buffer and countercyclical buffer

Enhanced risk coverage with stricter market and counterparty credit risk requirements

Minimum leverage ratio requirement to constrain excess leverage, independent of risk levels

Increased liquidity requirements such as liquidity coverage ratio and net stable funding ratio

Key regulatory requirements for us on a Basel III fully applied basis1:

Capital and buffers2

We have total projected minimum capital requirements of 17.5% to 19.0%3, consisting of the following elements:

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–  4.5% Basel III common equity tier 1 (CET1) capital

–  8.5% capital buffer (5.5% Basel III CET1 capital and up to 3% high-trigger loss-absorbing capital4)

–  4.5% to 6.0%3projected low-trigger loss-absorbing capital as a progressive buffer, depending on our total exposure and market share in Switzerland.

In addition, the Swiss National Bank5 (SNB) can (after consulting with FINMA and informing the Federal Department of Finance)

Operating environment and strategy

formally propose the activation of a countercyclical buffer of up to 2.5% Basel III CET1 capital, to be applied to RWA on some or all risk exposures in Switzerland. The proposal must be made to the Federal Council, which decides on its activation on a case-by-case basis, depending on credit growth and the systemic risk situation in Switzerland. In February 2013, following such a proposal by the SNB, the Federal Council decided to activate the countercyclical capital buffer in Switzerland with respect to mortgage loans financing residential property located in Switzerland. The buffer has been set at 1% of associated Basel III RWA. Banks in Switzerland must fulfill this additional requirement by 30 September 2013. The effect of the activation of the countercyclical buffer on our capital requirements is not material.

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Leverage ratio (non-risk-based)

As of 1 January 2013, FINMA has established a new FINMA Basel III minimum leverage ratio for systemically important banks (FINMA Basel III leverage ratio). The ratio consists of three components (capital base, buffer capital and progressive component) and is broadly calculated by dividing the relevant capital basis by IFRS assets, based on a capital adequacy scope of consolidation, adjusted for replacement value netting and other adjustments, including off-balance sheet items. The leverage ratio requirement is set at a level of 24% of the minimum capital ratio requirement for the capital base, the buffer capital and the progressive component. As a result, the minimum leverage ratio applying to us will depend on our future total capital requirements and vice versa. Two possible outcomes could be as follows:

4.2% assuming total capital requirements of 17.5%3

4.6% assuming total capital requirements of 19.0%3

Liquidity6

The liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) ensures that banks hold sufficient high-quality liquid assets to survive short-term (30-day) severe general market and firm-specific stress. Under Basel III, the LCR will be phased in gradually, starting at 60% in 2015 and rising in annual steps to meet the 100% minimum standard by 2019.

The net stable funding ratio (NSFR), intended for preventing liquidity mismatch, assigns a required stable funding factor to assets (representing the illiquid part of the assets) and assigns all liabilities an available stable funding factor (representing the stickiness of a liability) in order to ensure that banks are not overly reliant on short-term funding and have sufficient long-term funding for illiquid assets. The NSFR is expected to become fully effective with a minimum requirement of 100% on 1 January 2018.

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Refer to the “Regulatory developments” section of this report for more information on Basel III and TBTF rules

1All numbers are valid from 1 January 2019, except where indicated.  2All percentage amounts are expressed in terms of risk-weighted assets.  3  We expect our requirement for the progressive buffer in 2019 to fall to 4.5% from 6.0% due to our planned reduction in balance sheet related to the accelerated implementation of our strategy announced in October 2012 and the resulting reduction in total exposure. We expect this to reduce our total capital requirement to 17.5% by 2019. Systemically relevant banks are eligible for a capital rebate on the progressive buffer if they take actions that facilitate recovery and resolvability beyond the minimum requirements to ensure the integrity of systemically important functions in the case of impending insolvency.  4  This can be substituted by Basel III CET1 capital.  5  The countercyclical buffer can not only be triggered by the Swiss National Bank but by any regulator for the credit risk in its jurisdiction.  6  The final implementation of these rules is subject to the interpretation of national supervisors.

Operating environment and strategy

Our strategy

 

Measurement of performance

 

Performance measures

Key performance indicators

Our key performance indicators (KPI) framework focuses on key drivers of total shareholder return, which measures the total return of a UBS share i.e.in terms of both the dividend yield and the capital appreciation of the share price. The KPI framework is reviewed by our senior management on a regular basis to ensure that it is always aligned to thewith changing business conditions. The KPI are disclosed consistently in our quarterly and annual reporting to facilitate comparison of our performance over the reporting periods.

The Group and business divisions are managed based on this KPI framework, which emphasizes risk awareness, effective risk and capital management, sustainable profitability, and client focus. Both Group and

business division KPI are taken into account in determining variable compensation of executives and personnel.

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Refer to the “Compensation” section of this report for more information on total shareholder returnperformance criteria for compensation

In addition to the KPI, we also disclose performance targets. These performance targets may include the KPI as well as additional balance sheet and capital management performance measures to track the achievements of our strategy. The performance targets are outside the scope of our KPI framework.

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Refer to the discussion about the “Acceleration of our strategic transformation” in the “Our Strategy” section for more information on performance targets

The Group and business division KPI are explained in the “Group/business division key performance indicators” table.

In keeping with our focus on the key performance metrics of growth, profitability and efficiency, a fewwe made the following enhancements will be made to the KPI framework with effect from the first quarter of 2012 reporting onwards.in 2012:

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ReferWe introduced two new KPI for our Retail & Corporate business division. “Net new business volume growth (%)” measures our success in expanding Retail & Corporate’s business volume from lending to the “Changesclients, as well as acquiring client assets. “Net interest margin (%)” measures Retail & Corporate’s ability to key, performance indicators in 2012” sidebar for more informationgenerate net

Group / business division key performance indicators

  

interest income in relation to the average loan volume. While this measure is currently under structural pressure given the continued low interest environment, it is supported by active management of the balance sheet and pricing measures.

 

For the Wealth Management Americas business division, we implemented a new KPI “Share of recurring revenue (%)”.

 Wealth Management &
Swiss Bank
Key performance indicatorsDefinitionGroupWealth
Management
Retail &
Corporate
Wealth
Management
Americas
Global Asset
Management
Investment
Bank
Net profit growth (%)Change in net profit attributable to UBS shareholders from continuing operations between current and comparison periods / net profit attributable to UBS shareholders from continuing operations of comparison periodl
Pre-tax profit growth (%)Change in business division performance before tax between current and comparison periods / business division performance before tax of comparison periodlllll
Cost / income ratio (%)Operating expenses / operating income before credit loss (expense) or recoveryllllll
Return on equity (RoE) (%)Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders on a year-to-date basis (annualized as applicable) / average equity attributable to UBS shareholders (year-to-date basis)l
Return on attributed equity (RoaE) (%)Business division performance before tax on a year-to-date basis (annualized as applicable) / average attributed equity (year-to-date basis)l
Return on assets, gross (%)Operating income before credit loss (expense) or recovery on a year-to-date basis (annualized as applicable) / average total assets (year-to-date basis)ll
Return on risk-weighted assets, gross (%)Operating income before credit loss (expense) or recovery on a year-to-date basis (annualized as applicable) / average risk-weighted assets (year-to-date basis)l
FINMA leverage ratio (%)FINMA tier 1 capital / average adjusted assets as per definition by the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA)l
BIS tier 1 ratio (%)BIS tier 1 capital / BIS risk-weighted assetsl
Net

We replaced our “Net new money (CHF billion)

Inflow” KPI with “Net new money growth (%)”, as we consider the rate of invested assets fromgrowth a more meaningful measurement of performance in terms of net new money than a measurement of absolute change. This new KPI applies to the Group as well as our Wealth Management, Wealth Management Americas and existing clients less outflow from existing clients or due to client defectionllll
Gross margin on invested assets (bps)Operating income before credit loss (expense) or recovery (annualized as applicable) / average invested assetslll
Impaired loans portfolio as a % of total loans portfolio, gross (%)Impaired loans portfolio, gross / total loans portfolio, grossl
Average VaR (1-day, 95% confidence, five years of historical data)Value-at-Risk (VaR) expresses maximum potential loss measured to a 95% confidence level, over a 1-day time horizon and based on five years of historical datal
Global Asset Management business divisions.

27


Operating environment and strategy

Our strategy

Client/invested assets reporting

We report two distinct metrics for client funds:

 

The measure “client assets” encompasses all client assets managed by or deposited with us, including custody-only assets and assets held for purely transactional purposes.assets.

 

The measure “invested assets” is a more restrictive term and includes only client assets managed by or deposited with us for investment purposes.

Of the two, invested assets is our central measure and includes, for example, discretionary and advisory wealth management portfolios, managed institutional assets, managed fund assets and wealth management securities or brokerage accounts. It excludes all assets held for purely transactional and custody-only purposes, as we only administer the assets and do not offer advice on how these assets should be invested. Non-bankable assets (for example, art collections) and deposits from third-party banks for funding or trading purposes are excluded from both measures.

Net new money in a reported period is the amount of invested assets that are entrusted to us by new or existing clients less those withdrawn by existing clients or clients who terminated their relationship with us. Negative net new money means that there are more outflows than inflows. Interest and dividend income from invested assets is not counted as net new money inflow. However, in Wealth Management Americas we also show net new money including interest and dividend income to facilitate comparisonin line with the historical

Operating environment and strategy

Group / business division key performance indicators

Key performance indicatorsDefinitionGroupWealth
Management
Wealth
Management
Americas
Investment
Bank
Global Asset
Management
Retail &
Corporate
Net profit growth (%)Change in net profit attributable to UBS shareholders from continuing operations between current and comparison periods/net profit attributable to UBS shareholders from continuing operations of comparison periodl
Pre-tax profit growth (%)Change in business division performance before tax between current and comparison periods/business division performance before tax of comparison periodlllll
Cost / income ratio (%)Operating expenses/operating income before credit loss (expense) or recoveryllllll
Return on equity (RoE) (%)Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders on a year-to-date basis (annualized as applicable) / average equity attributable to UBS shareholders (year-to-date basis)l
Return on attributed equity (RoaE) (%)Business division performance before tax on a year-to-date basis (annualized as applicable) / average attributed equity (year-to-date basis)l
Return on assets, gross (%)Operating income before credit loss (expense) or recovery on a year-to-date ­basis ­(annualized as ­applicable) ­/ ­average­ total­ assets (year-to-date basis)ll
Return on risk-weighted assets, gross (%)Operating income before credit loss (expense) or recovery on a year-to-date ­basis­ (annualized as ­applicable)­ / ­average ­risk- weighted assets (year-to-date basis)l
FINMA leverage ratio (%)

BIS tier 1 capital / average adjusted assets as per definition by the ­Swiss ­Financial ­Market­

Supervisory ­Authority ­(FINMA)

l
BIS tier 1 ratio (%)BIS tier 1 capital / BIS risk-weighted assetsl
Net new money growth (%)Net new money for the period (annualized as applicable) / invested assets at the beginning of the periodllll
Gross margin on invested assets (bps)Operating income before credit loss (expense) or recovery (annualized as applicable) / average invested assetslll
Net new business volume growth (%)Net new business volume (i.e. total net inflows and outflows of client assets and loans) for the period (annualized as applicable) / business volume (i.e. total of client assets and loans) at the beginning of the periodl
Net interest margin (%)Net interest income on a year-to-date basis (annualized as applicable) / average loans (year-to-date basis)l
Share of recurring revenue (%)Total recurring fees and net interest income / total operating incomel
Impaired loans portfolio as a % of total loans portfolio, gross (%)Impaired loans portfolio, gross / total loans portfolio, grossl
Average VaR (1-day, 95% confidence, five years of historical data)Value at Risk (VaR) expresses maximum potential loss measured to a 95% confidence level, over a 1-day time horizon and based on five years of historical datal

Operating environment and strategy

Our strategy

US peer.methodology customary in that market. Market and currency movements, as well as fees, commissions and interest on loans charged, are excluded from net new money as are the effects of any acquisition or divestment of a UBS subsidiary or business. Reclassifications between invested assets and clientcustody-only assets as a result of

a change in the service level delivered are generally treated as net new money inflows or outflows.flows; however, where such change in service level directly results from a new externally-imposed regulation, the one-time net effect of the implementation is reported as an asset reclassification without net new money impact. The Investment Bank does not track invested assets and net new money. However, when a client is transferred from the Investment Bank to another business division, this produces net new money even though client assets were already with UBS.

When products are managed in one business division and sold by another, they are counted in both the investment management unit and the distribution unit. This results in double counting within our total invested assets, as both units provide an independent service to their respective client, add value and generate revenues. Most double counting arises when mutual funds are managed by Global Asset Management and sold by Wealth Management & Swiss Bank and Wealth Management Americas. The business divisions involved count these funds as invested assets. This approach is in line with both finance industry practices and our open architecture strategy, and allows us to accurately reflect the

performance of each individual business. Overall, CHF 216172 billion of invested assets were doubledouble-counted as of 31 December 2012 (CHF 183 billion as of 31 December 2011).

In the course of implementing the new KPI “Net new business volume growth (%)” for Retail & Corporate, we refined our definition of invested assets and client assets for Retail & Corporate. Assets from third-party banks and brokers are no longer counted inas client assets and pension fund assets are no longer counted as invested assets. Retail & Corporate client assets were restated as of 31 December 2011 (CHF 225from CHF 848 billion in 2010).to CHF 333 billion and the Group’s invested assets were restated from CHF 2,167 billion to CHF 2,088 billion.

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Refer to “Note 3435 Invested assets and net new money” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Seasonal characteristics

Our main businesses do not generallymay show significant seasonal patterns, although thepatterns. The Investment Bank’s revenues have been affected in some years by the seasonal characteristics of general financial market activity and deal flows in investment banking. Other business divisions are only slightlymay also be impacted by seasonal components, such as annual income tax payments which, for example, arise in the second quarter in the US, asset withdrawals that tend to occur in the fourth quarter and by lower client activity levels related to the summer and end-of-year holiday seasons.

 

 

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Operating environment and strategy

Changes to key performance indicators in 20122013

 

Commencing inWith effect from the first quarter of 2012,2013, we will implement two new key performance indicators for our Retail & Corporate segment; namely, “Net new business volume growthreplace “BIS tier 1 ratio (%)” and “Net interest margin“FINMA leverage ratio (%)”. Both new key performance indicators will be used to assess at Group level with “Basel III common equity tier 1 capital ratio (%)” and monitor the performance of this business. “Net new business volume growth“FINMA Basel III leverage ratio (%)” respectively.

“Basel III common equity tier 1 capital ratio (%)” will capture our success inbe shown on a phase-in and fully applied basis. The information provided on a

expanding our business volumefully applied basis does not consider the effects of the transition period from lending2013 to clients as well as acquiring client assets. The “Net interest margin2019, during which new capital deductions are phased in and ineligible capital instruments are phased out. “FINMA Basel III leverage ratio (%)” will consider total capital, which includes Basel III common equity tier 1 capital on a phase-in basis and loss-absorbing capital, divided by total exposure, which is a key profit driver as net interest income contributesequal to more than half of our total operating income. Wealth Management Americas will also reportIFRS assets, based on a new key performance indicator “Share of recurring revenue (%)” to measure its business performance.

capital adequacy scope of consolidation, adjusted for replacement value netting and other adjustments, including off-balance sheet items.

The currently disclosedabove changes are intended to align our KPI “Netframework to the new money (CHF billion)” for the Group and the segments Wealth Management, Wealth Management Americas and Global Asset Management will be replaced by “Net new money growth (%)”. Our senior management considers the changeBasel III requirements, which are effective from an absolute to a growth rate of net new money to be a more meaningful key performance indicator.1 January 2013.

 

 

Group / Group/business division key performance indicators

 

Key performance indicators  Definition  Group 
Wealth
Management

Basel III common equity tier 1 capital ratio (%)

(Fully applied1/Phase-in)

  Retail &
Corporate
Wealth
Management
Americas
Global Asset
Management
Net new business volume growth (%)Net new business volume (i.e. total net inflows and outflows of clientBasel III common equity tier 1 capital / Basel III risk-weighted assets and loans) for the period (annualized as applicable) / business volume (i.e. total of client assets and loans) at the beginning of the period  l
Net interest margin (%)Net interest income on a year-to-date basis (annualized as applicable) / average loans (year-to-date basis)l
Share of recurring revenue (%)Total recurring fees and net interest income / total operating incomel
Net new money growth (%)Net new money for the period (annualized as applicable) / invested assets at the beginning of the periodllll
         

FINMA Basel III leverage ratio(%)

Total­capital/IFRS assets, based on a capital adequacy scope of consolidation, adjusted for replacement value netting and other adjustments, including off-balance sheet itemsl
        

1  The information provided on a fully applied basis does not consider the effects of the transition period from 2013 to 2019, during which new capital deductions are phased in and ineligible capital instruments are phased out.

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Operating environment and strategy


Operating environment and strategy

Our strategy

 

Wealth Management

Headquartered in Switzerland, withWith a presence in over 40 countries, Wealth Management provides wealthy private clients with financialinvestment advice products and toolssolutions to fit their individual needs.

 

Business

With more than CHF 820 billion of invested assets at the end of 2012, Wealth Management deliversprovides comprehensive financial services to wealthy private clients around the world – except those served by Wealth Management Americas. With CHF 750 billion of invested assets at the end of 2011, we are one of the largest wealth managers in the world. Our clients benefit from the entire spectrum of UBS resources, ranging from assetinvestment management solutions to estatewealth planning and corporate finance advice, in addition to the specific wealth management products and servicesofferings outlined below. An open product platform provides clients with access to a wide array of products from third-party providers that complement our own product lines.

Strategy and clients

Our goalobjective is to be the bank of choice for wealthy individuals worldwide. We offer productspre-eminent wealth manager globally, providing superior investment advice and servicessolutions to private clients, focusingparticularly in particular on the high net worth (generally considered to be, among other factors, clients with CHF 2 million to CHF 50 million in investable assets) and ultra high net worth (clients(generally considered to be, among other factors, clients with investable assets of more than CHF 50 million) and high net worth client segments (clients withmillion in investable assets between CHF 2 million and CHF 50 million).assets) spaces. In addition, we also provide wealth management solutions, products and services to financial intermediaries.

We remain confident on theThe wealth management business has long-term growth prospects of our wealth management business, and we expect the wealth management market to grow twice as fast asfaster than the gross domestic product in all regions of the globe.globe despite the current macroeconomic environment. From a client segment perspective, the global ultra high net worth

market, showsincluding family offices, has the highest growth potential, followed by the high net worth market. Our broad client base and strong global footprint put us in an excellent

position to take advantage of the substantial growth opportunities this expected wealth creation presents. This applies in particular to Asia, Latin America, the Middle East and Central and Eastern Europe, the areas where we expect to see the fastest market growth based on economic development and entrepreneurial wealth creation. In the key onshore locations in which we are expanding, our Wealth Management business benefits from our established local Investment Bank and Global Asset Management business relationships.

We continue to build on our integrated client service model, bundling competenciescapabilities across the Group to identify investment opportunities in all market conditions and tailor productssolutions to individual client needs. We intend to increase our client advisor base to about 4,700 advisors in the medium term, with a particular emphasis on the emerging markets and Asia Pacific growth regions. Our global booking centers give us a strong local presence that enablesenable us to book client assets in multiple locations. In an increasingly complex regulatory environment, we aim to differentiate ourselves from competitors through our sophisticated and robust compliance framework. In our pursuit of the highest possible levels of compliance, we make ongoing investments to optimize our risk management processes and conduct extensive employee training. We strive to adapt quickly to changes to regulatory and suitability requirements in every region, drawing on our local know-how and experience.

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Operating environment and strategy

In Asia Pacific we aim to accelerate our growth. We continue to focus on Hong Kong and Singapore the leading financial centers in the region as well as on a selective presencespresence in the major onshore markets. Today, we are present in seven markets, and have already established sizeable businesses in several onshore locations such as Japan and Taiwan. We continue to invest in our local presencespresence in China and India to capturesupport us in capturing long-term growth opportunities.

In the emerging markets, we are focusingfocus on the Middle East, Latin America, as well as CentralBrazil, Mexico, Israel, Turkey, Russia and Eastern Europe, and we already have local presences in more than 20 countries.Saudi Arabia. As the majoritymany of our clients from emerging markets prefer to book their assets in established financial centers, we are strengthening our emerging markets coverage for them through our booking centers in the US, the UK and Switzerland. We will continue to expand our local presence where appropriate, for example, through the establishment of new advisory offices, such as the one recently opened in Israel.

In Europe, our growth ambition is underpinned by an established European footprint in all major booking centers and a broad franchise. We are combining the management ofwe combined our European offshore and onshore businesses to reflect the converging needs of clients in the region. This reorganization enables us to leverage our extensive Swiss product offering, while creating economies of scale and helping us to deal more efficiently with increased regulatory and fiscal requirements. Our growth ambition is underpinned by an established European footprint in all major booking centers.

In Switzerland, our wealth management operations’ close collaboration with our leading retail, corporate, asset management and

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Operating environment and strategy

Our strategy

investment banking businesses gives us the foundation to grow market share inexpand our Wealth Management franchise,business, and provides our clients access to investment insight and research, products, capital markets and execution as well as to advisory and other capabilities. Our extensive branch network, including over 100 wealth management offices, fosters referrals from the Swiss corporate and retail client base as well as retail clients’ development to our wealth management operations as their wealth increases.

We aim to build on our position as market leader in the ultra high net worth segment, which we regard as having considerableremains one of our biggest growth potential,contributors, by continuously enhancingfocusing on our serviceclients’ individual goals and product offering. We have,providing them with access to the infrastructure offered to our institutional clients – for example, recently introduced a new product group indirect access to the Investment Bank’s trading platforms. Also, within this segment, our philanthropy offering called “Impact Investing”, which aims to make measurable, positive social and environmental impacts at the same time as generating financial returns for the investor. Moreover, to cover the needs of the largest 250 family offices worldwide, we have created the Global Family Office Group as a joint venture between Wealth Managementprovides this highly sophisticated client group with dedicated institutional coverage and the Investment Bank. With itsglobal execution via dedicated specialist teams from both Wealth Management and the Investment Bank, the Global Family Office Group delivers the full range of capabilities our integrated bank has to offer this highly sophisticated client group.Bank.

Our Global Financial Intermediaries (Global FIM) business serves approximately 1,700 asset managers. Based on defined business models, Global FIM supports more than 2,500 financial intermediaries in all major financial centers as a strategic business partner, offering professional investment advisory services, a global banking infrastructure and tailored solutions that enable them to advise their clientsend-clients more effectively. Global FIM is represented in 11 Swiss locations and 14 international locations. We regard financial intermediaries as an attractive client segment offering high growth potential.

Organizational structure

Wealth Management is headquartered in Switzerland, with a presence in over 40 countries and approximately 200 wealth management and representative offices, half of which are outside Switzerland, mostly in Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America and the Middle East.Switzerland. As of the end of 2011,2012, Wealth Management employed roughly 16,00016,200 people worldwide, of whom approximately 4,2004,100 were client advisors. The Wealth Management business unit is governed by an executive, committeeoperating and risk committees and is primarily organized along regional lines with the business areas

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Operating environment and strategy

Our strategy

Europe, Global Emerging Markets, Switzerland and Global Ultra High Net Worth Clients.Worth. Our business is supported by athe Chief Investment Officer and a global Investment Products & Services unit as well as central functions.

Competitors

Our major global competitors include Credit Suisse, Julius Bär, HSBC, Deutsche Bank, JP Morgan and Citigroup. In the European domestic markets, we primarily compete with the private banking operations of such large local banks as Barclays in the UK, Deutsche Bank in Germany and Unicredit in Italy. The private banking franchises of HSBC, Citigroup and Credit Suisse are our main competitors in Asia Pacific.

Products and services

AsFinancial markets have changed fundamentally over the last few years and are characterized by a global, integrated firm, UBS has the necessary expertise to identify appropriate investment opportunities for clientshigh degree of uncertainty and the local presence to advise them in a timely manner. We providevolatility. In these difficult market conditions our clients have become increasingly focused on protecting their assets and expect strong advisory support for their investment decisions. We are, therefore, continuing to develop our business model as a dynamic wealth manager with investment management capabilities at its core. This implies active relationships between our highly qualified client advisors and their clients. Systematic client profiling, suitable and well-performing investment ideas, portfolio monitoring and fast, focused communication are critical for our clients’ success. To this end, and with the financial advice, productsultimate goal of improving our clients’ investment performance, our global Chief Investment Office synthesizes the research and tools that best fit their individual needs. We accommodate the individual needsexpertise of our clientsglobal network of economists, strategists, analysts and investment specialists from across all business divisions and asset classes. They are present in many locations around the globe, closely monitoring financial developments as they occur. This enables us

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Operating environment and strategy

to deliver insights faster and to bring local knowledge to our investment process. Using their analyses, the Chief Investment Officer establishes a UBS house view, which is vetted by offering services acrossour external partner network of some of the fullmost successful money managers around the globe.

Our Investment Products & Services unit ensures our offerings are consistently adapted to market conditions by aligning our discretionary and advisory products with our Chief Investment Officer’s house view. Clients receive investment spectrum, from execution onlyproposals directly related to discretionary mandates. Clientsthis view, as well as solutions for alternative scenarios if they have different views on market trends. Those who opt for a discretionary mandate delegate the management of their assets to a team of professional portfolio managers. Clients who prefer to be actively involved in the management of their assets can choose an advisory mandate, in which investment professionals provide analysis and monitoring of portfolios, together with tailor-made proposals to support investment decisions. Our clients can also trade the full range of financial instruments from single securities, such as equities and bonds, to various investment funds, structured products and alternative investments. Additionally, we offer structured lending, corporate finance and wealth planningwealth-planning advice on client needs such as funding for education, inheritance and succession. For

We have also launched a number of initiatives to further improve our ultra high net worth clients, we offer institutional-like servicingproduct offering, to enhance our solutions and to better align our fund and manager selection process and fee arrangements to the current

legal and regulatory environment. These include switching fund and structured product holdings within our discretionary mandates into holdings that provides special access to our Investment Bankdo not carry distribution fees and Global Asset Management offerings.designing a new flat-fee offering for advisory clients.

    Financial markets have changed fundamentally over the last few yearsWealth Management’s products are aimed at delivering performance in various market scenarios and are characterized by a high degree of uncertainty and volatility. In these difficult market conditions our clients have become increasingly focused on protecting their assets and expect strong advisory support for their investment decisions. We are, therefore, continuing to evolve our wealth management business modeldeveloped from a traditional private bank towards an investment manager with strong advisory capabilities. This implies active relationships between our highly qualified client advisors and their clients. Fast and focused communication, new investment ideas, access to growth markets and wealth protection are critical for our clients’ success. To this end, and with the ultimate goalwide range of improving our clients’ investment performance, we have set up a new team under the leadership of our Chief Investment Officer that formulates our investment view by integrating the research and expertise of our

investment specialists across all business divisions and from all around the globe. Based on this “UBS house view”, our client advisors actively and regularly inform our clients about our opinion on developments in the financial markets. Clients receive investment proposals directly related to our house view, as well as solutions for alternative scenarios should clients have diverging views on market trends.

Oursources including Investment Products & Services, unit ensures our offering is consistently adapted to market conditions by aligning our products with the investment views of our Chief Investment Officer. Wealth Management also gives clients access to the knowledge, and product and service offerings from Global Asset Management, and the Investment Bank complemented byand third parties, as we operate with an open product platform providing access to a wide array of products from third-party providers.platform. By aggregating private investment flows into institutional-size flows, we are in a position to offer our Wealth Management clients access to investments that would otherwise only be available to institutional clients.

Our integrated client service model allows client advisors to analyze theirour clients’ financial situation, and develop and implement systematic, tailored investment strategies. These strategies are regularly reviewed and are based on individual client profiles, which comprise all important investment criteria, such asincluding a given client’s life cycle needs, risk appetite and performance expectations. We continuously train our client advisors and provide them with ongoing support to ensure they present the best discretionary and advisory solutions to our clients.

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Operating environment and strategy

Retail & Corporate

As the leading retail and corporate banking business in Switzerland, our goal is to deliver comprehensive financial products and services to our retail, corporate and institutional clients, provide stable and substantial profits for the Group and create revenue opportunities for other businesses within the Group.

Business

Our Retail & Corporate business unit delivers comprehensive financial products and services to our retail, corporate and institutional clients in Switzerland, and maintains a leading position in these client segments. As shown in the “Business mix” chart, Retail & Corporate has generated stable profits which have contributed substantially to the overall financial performance of the Group. We are market leaders in the retail and corporate loan market in Switzerland, with a highly collateralized lending portfolio of CHF 135 billion on 31 December 2011, as shown in the “Loans, gross” chart. This portfolio is managed for profitability rather than for market share.

Our Retail & Corporate unit constitutes a central building block for the universal bank model of UBS Switzerland. Retail & Corporate supports our other business divisions by referring clients to them and assisting retail clients to build their wealth to a level at whichglobal, integrated firm, we can transfer them to our Wealth Management unit. Furthermore, Retail & Corporate leverages the cross-selling potential of products and services provided by our asset-gathering and investment banking businesses. Together, these actions contribute strongly to our Group profitability. In addition, Retail & Corporate provides and pays for a substantial part of the Swiss infrastructure, including nearly 300 branches, and the Swiss banking product platform.

Strategy and clients

Our goal is to deliver value-added services that make us the bank of choice for retail clients in Switzerland. With a network of around 300 branches, 1,250 automated teller machines, self-service terminals and

customer service centers, alongside e-banking and mobile banking, we serve one in three households in Switzerland. We are continuously refining our suite of life cycle-based offerings which provide our clients with productsthe investment advice, solutions and dedicated services to fulfilltools across all asset classes that best fit their evolvingindividual needs. Through systematic and consistent sales management, we ensure an efficient and seamless sales process. In order to improve our clients’ experience of banking with us, we will continue to invest in our branches and electronic channels, using technology to complement, rather than replace, our traditional branch network.

Our size in Switzerland and the diversity of businesses we operate put us in a unique position to serve all our clients’ complex financial needs. We aim to be the main bank of corporate and institutional clients ranging from small- and medium-size enterprises to multinationals, and from pension funds and commodity traders to banks and insurers. We serve almost one in two Swiss companies, including more than 85% of the 1,000 largest Swiss corporations, as well as one in three pension funds in Switzerland, including 75 of the largest 100. We strive to further expand and leverage our transaction banking capa-

 

 

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Operating environment and strategy

Our strategy

bilities (e.g. payment and cash management services, custody solutions, trade and export finance). In addition, we plan to increase our presence and grow in the commodities trade finance business. Combining the universal bank approach with our local market expertise across all Swiss regions enables us to optimize our client service by providing access to all UBS capabilities while generating opportunities to cross-sell and increase referrals.

As the leading retail and corporate banking business in Switzerland, we understand the importance of our role in supporting the needs of our clients. In 2011, we initiated the necessary steps to hone and simplify our service commitments across the business, including streamlining our processes, reducing the administrative burden on our client advisors and enhancing their productivity without compromising our risk standards.

Organizational structure

The Retail & Corporate unit is a core element of UBS Switzerland’s universal bank delivery model, which allows us to extend the expertise of the entire bank to our Swiss retail, corporate and institutional clients.

To ensure consistent delivery throughout Switzerland, the Swiss network is organized into ten geographical regions. Dedicated management teams in the regions and in the branches derived from all business areas are responsible for executing the universal bank model, fostering cross-divisional collaboration and ensuring that the public and clients have a uniform experience based on a single corporate image and shared standards of service.

Competitors

In the Swiss retail banking business, our competitors are Credit Suisse, Raiffeisen, the cantonal banks and PostFinance, as well as other regional and local Swiss banks.

In the Swiss corporate and institutional business, our main competitors are Credit Suisse, the cantonal banks and foreign banks in Switzerland.

Products and services

Our retail clients have access to a life cycle-based, comprehensive offering including cash accounts, payments, savings and retirement solutions, investment fund products, residential mortgages, as well as life insurance and advisory services. These are tailored to clients’ individual needs and requirements. We provide financing solutions to our corporate clients, offering access to capital markets (equity and debt capital), syndicated and structured credit, private placements, leasing and traditional financing. Our transaction banking offers solutions for payments and cash management services, trade and export finance, receivable finance, as well as global custody solutions to institutional clients. Our close collaboration with the Investment Bank enables us to offer capital market products such as foreign exchange offerings, hedging strategies (currency, interest rates, and commodities) and trading (equities and fixed income, currencies and commodities), and to provide corporate finance advice in fields such as mid-market mergers and acquisitions, corporate succession planning and real estate. We also cater to the asset management needs of institutional clients by offering portfolio management mandates, strategy execution and fund distribution.

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Operating environment and strategy

 

Wealth Management Americas

Wealth Management Americas providesdevelops advice-based relationships through its financial advisors, who deliver a fully integrated set of wealth management solutions designed to address the needs of high net worth and ultra high net worth individuals and families.

 

Business

Wealth Management Americas is among the leading wealth managersmanager in the Americas in terms of financial advisor productivity and invested assets, and includes the domestic US and Canadian businesses as well as international business booked in the US. On 31 December 2011,2012, the business division had CHF 709USD 843 billion in invested assets.

Strategy and clients

Our goal is to be the best wealth management business in the Americas. In orderAs we continuously strive to achieve this, we must continue to be both client-focused and advisor-centric. We deliver a fully integrated set of advice-based wealth management solutions and banking services through our financial

advisors in key metropolitan markets to meet the needs of our target client segments: high

net worth clients (USD 1 million to USD 10 million in investable assets) and ultra high net worth clients (more than USD 10 million in investable assets), while also serving the needs of the core affluent (USD 250,000 to USD 1 million in investable assets). We are committed to providing high-quality advice to our clients across all their financial needs by employing the best professionals in the industry, delivering the highest standard of execution, and running a streamlined and efficient business.

We believe we are uniquely positioned to serve high net worth and ultra high net worth investors in the world’s largest wealth market. With a network of almostover 7,000 financial advisors and CHF 709USD 843 billion in invested assets, we are large enough to be relevant, but smallfocused enough to be nimble, enabling us to combine the

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Operating environment and strategy

Our strategy

advantages of both large and boutique wealth managers. We aim to differentiate ourselves from competitors and be a trusted and leading provider of financial advice and solutions to our clients by

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Operating environment and strategy

enabling our financial advisors to leverage the full resources of UBS, including unique access to wealth management research, a global Chief Investment Office, and global solutions from our asset-gathering businesses and the Investment Bank. These resources are augmented by our commitment to an open architecture and our partnerships with many of the world’s leading third-party institutions. Moreover, our wealth management offerings are complemented by banking, mortgage and financing solutions that enable us to provide advice on both the asset and liability sides of our clients’ financial balance sheets.

We believe the long-term growth prospects of the wealth management business are attractive in the Americas, with high net worth and ultra high net worth expected to be the fastest growing segments in terms of invested assets in the region. In 2011,2012, our strategy and focus led to an improvement in financial results, retention of high-quality financial advisors and net new money growth. Building on this progress, we aim for continued growth in our business by developing our financial advisors’ focus toward advice-based solutions, leveraging the global capabilities of UBS to clients by partnering with the Investment Bank and Global Asset Management, and delivering banking and lending services that complement our wealth management solutions. We also plan to continue investing in improved platforms and technology.technology, while remaining disciplined on cost. We expect these efforts to enable us to achieve higher levels of client satisfaction, strengthen our client relationships, and lead to greater revenue productivity among our financial advisors and a more profitable business.

Organizational structure

Wealth Management Americas consists of branch networks in the US, Puerto Rico and Canada, with 6,9677,059 financial advisors as of 31 December 2011.2012. Most corporate and operational functions of the business division are located in the Wealth Management Americas home office in Weehawken, New Jersey.

In the US and Puerto Rico, Wealth Management Americas operates through direct and indirect subsidiaries of UBS AG. Securities and operations activities are conducted primarily through two registered broker-dealers, UBS Financial Services Inc. and UBS Financial Services Incorporated of Puerto Rico. Our banking services in the US include those conducted through the UBS AG branches and UBS Bank USA, a federally regulatedfederally-regulated bank in Utah, bank, which provides Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)- insured-insured deposit accounts, enhanced collateralized lending services, mortgages and mortgages.credit cards.

Canadian wealth management and banking operations are conducted through UBS Bank (Canada).

Significant business transfers in the past few years included the 2009 sales of 56 branches Incorporated and UBS’s Brazilian financial services business, UBS Pactual, to BTG Investments, LP.

Competitors

Wealth Management Americas competes with national full-service brokerage firms, domestic and global private banks, regional broker-dealers, independent broker-dealers, registered invest-

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Operating environment and strategy

mentinvestment advisors, trust companies and other financial services firms offering wealth management services to US and Canadian private clients, as well as foreign non-resident clients seeking wealth management services within the US. Our main competitors include the wealth management businesses of Bank of America, Morgan Stanley and Wells Fargo.

Products and services

Wealth Management Americas offers clients a full array of solutions that focus on the individual financial needs of each client. Comprehensive planning supports clients through the various stages of their lives, including education funding, charitable giving, tax management strategies, estate strategies, insurance, retirement and trusts and foundations with corresponding product offerings for each stage. Our advisors work closely with internal consultants in areas such as wealth planing,planning, portfolio strategy, retirement and annuities, alternative investments, managed accounts, structured products,

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Our strategy

banking and lending, equities and fixed income. Clients also benefit from our dedicated Wealth Management Research team, which provides research guidance to help support theour clients’ investment decisions.

Our offerings are designed to meet a wide variety of investment objectives, including wealth accumulation and preservation, income generation and portfolio diversification. To address the full range of our clients’ financial needs, we also offer competitive lending and cash management services such as securities-backed lending, the resource management account, FDIC-insured deposits, mortgages and credit cards.

Additionally, our Corporate Employee Financial Services unit provides a comprehensive, personalized stock benefit plan and related services to many of the largest US corporations and their executives. For corporate and institutional clients, we offer a robust suite of solutions, including equity compensation, administration, investment consulting, defined benefit and contribution programs and cash management services.

Our clients can choose asset-based pricing, transaction-based pricing or a combination of both. Asset-based accounts have access to both discretionary and non-discretionary investment advisory programs.

Non-discretionary advisory programs enable the client to maintain control over all account transactions, while clients with discretionary advisory programs direct investment professionals to manage a portfolio on their behalf. Depending on the type of discretionary program, the client can give investment discretion to a qualified financial advisor, a team of our investment professionals or a third-party investment manager. Separately, mutual fund advisory programs are also offered, whereby a financial advisor works with the client to create a diversified portfolio of mutual funds guided by a research-driven asset allocation framework.

For clients who favor individual securities, we offer a broad range of equity and fixed income instruments. In addition, qualified clients may take advantage of structured products and alternative investment offerings to complement their portfolio strategies.

All of these solutions are supported by a dedicated markets execution group. This group partners with the Investment Bank and Global Asset Management in order to access the resources of the entire firm as well as third-party investment banks and asset management firms.

 

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Operating environment and strategy

Investment Bank

The Investment Bank provides corporate, institutional and wealth management clients with expert advice, innovative solutions, outstanding execution and comprehensive access to the world’s capital markets. We offer investment banking and capital markets, research, equities, foreign exchange, precious metals and tailored fixed income services in rates and credit through our two business units, Corporate Client Solutions and Investor Client Services.

Business and clients

In October 2012, we announced a significant acceleration of the implementation of our strategy presented in November 2011. As part of this acceleration, starting from first quarter 2013 the Investment Bank has been reorganized into two distinct business units, Corporate Client Solutions and Investor Client Services, in order to align the delivery of our services and the execution of our strategy with the needs of our clients.

Corporate Client Solutions includes all advisory and financing solutions businesses, origination, structuring and execution, including equity and debt capital markets in service of corporate, financial and sponsor clients.

Investor Client Services includes execution, distribution and trading for institutional investors and provides support to Corporate Client Solutions and UBS’s wealth management businesses. It comprises our equities businesses, including prime brokerage, cross-asset class research capabilities and our foreign exchange franchise, precious metals, rates and credit businesses. The Investor Client Services unit also provides distribution and risk management capabilities required to support all of our businesses.

Our organizational model and strategy have been shaped to focus on the long-term strategic relationship with our clients, who will benefit from an integrated, solutions-led approach, combined with deep market insight, intellectual capital and global coverage and execution.

Strategy

We believe that current industry trends and the impact of the new regulatory environment reflect secular changes in our industry, which require a fundamental adjustment of our business mix and scale. Therefore the strategic transformation of our business will differentiate our franchise by satisfying our clients’ needs thanks to our focus on superior advice and execution. In this context we have re-focused our rates and credit platform while we continue to strengthen our advisory, capital markets, equities and foreign exchange businesses. The changes we have made will capitalize on our traditional strengths, while our clients will continue to benefit from our expertise, intellectual capital and global execution capabilities. To ensure the successful execution of our strategy, we will continue to invest in technology and hire talent selectively in key areas across the business.

To support our goal of earning attractive returns on capital, and to contribute to the improvement of the Group as a whole, we have decided to exit products and services in our fixed-income businesses that are capital-intensive, exhibit higher operational complexity and are not required for serving the clients of our Corporate Client Solutions franchise or our wealth management clients.

Consistent with the accelerated implementation of our strategy, the scope of our advisory and capital markets businesses remains unchanged, including our debt capital markets franchise. However, the existing business functions are being reorganized to focus on those industries and geographies that offer the best opportunities. Our foreign exchange business, including our emerging markets foreign exchange offering and our precious metals business, will continue to be a cornerstone of our services. We have refocused our credit and rates trading capabilities to support

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our capital markets business on the basis of an intermediation model, much like in our equities and foreign exchange platforms. While we have transferred to the Corporate Center with the aim of exiting the most complex and capital-intensive products, we retain a comprehensive offering targeted at the clients of our core business. A franchise organized around intermediation will be well positioned to capture new trends in fast-changing markets which are posing challenges to traditional business models.

At the end of 2012 the Investment Bank, including the businesses we intend to exit, had pro-forma Basel III RWA of CHF 131 billion, representing a decrease of CHF 81 billion since the end of 2011. The accompanying reduction in our funded balance sheet was CHF 163 billion, a reduction of approximately 37% during 2012. As a result of the strategic changes and additional risk-weighted assets reductions, the Investment Bank started 2013 operating with approximately CHF 64 billion of pro-forma Basel III RWA. Operating with under CHF 70 billion of Basel III RWA and less than CHF 200 billion of funded assets, our Investment Bank aims to deliver a pre-tax return on attributed equity in excess of 15%, with a cost / income ratio of 65% to 85%.

As part of our strategy, we will continue to invest in technology while optimizing internal efficiencies: we have a comprehensive and targeted technology plan based on a long-term portfolio approach across businesses aiming at enhancing the effectiveness of our platform for clients. Our technology investment is focused on change-the-bank programs mainly in our Institutional Client Services business, while we continue to simplify all our platforms across business areas.

These structural changes will also lower our operating costs substantially by 2015 as part of a Group-wide effort to increase efficiency. Alongside the business exits, we are undertaking specific initiatives to simplify our product portfolio and production processes, achieve leaner front-to-back processes, and operate with a reduced real-estate footprint.

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Please refer to the discussion about the “Acceleration of our strategic transformation” in the “Our strategy” section of this report for more information


Organizational structure

As of the end of 2012, we employed approximately 15,900 personnel in over 30 countries. We operate through branches and subsidiaries of UBS AG. Securities activities in the US are conducted through UBS Securities LLC, a registered broker-dealer.

Significant recent acquisitions

In February 2013, after receiving the required regulatory approvals from the Brazilian government, UBS finalized its acquisition of Link Investimentos, a Brazilian financial services firm. UBS entered into an agreement to acquire Link Investimentos in 2010, in order to strengthen our commitment to the emerging markets by providing wealth

management and investment banking services to private and institutional clients in Brazil, one of the world’s fastest growing economies.

Competitors

Our Investment Bank’s strategy and scope is unique, but other competing firms are active in many of the businesses and markets in which we still participate. For our leading equities, foreign exchange and corporate advisory businesses, our main competitors remain the major global investment banks, including Bank of America / Merrill Lynch, Barclays Capital, Citigroup, Credit Suisse, Deutsche Bank, Goldman Sachs, JP Morgan Chase and Morgan Stanley.

Products and services

Corporate Client Solutions

This business unit includes client coverage, advisory, debt and equity capital market solutions and financing solutions for corporate, financial institution and sponsor clients. Corporate Client Solutions works closely with Investor Client Services in the distribution and risk management of capital markets products. With a presence in all major financial markets, Corporate Client Solutions is managed by region and is organized on a matrix of country, industry sector and product banking professionals. Its main business lines are as follows:

Theadvisory groupprovides bespoke solutions to our clients’ most-complex strategic problems. This includes mergers and acquisitions advice and execution, as well as refinancing, spin-offs, exchange offers, leveraged buyouts, joint ventures, takeover defense, corporate broking and other advisory services.

Equity capital marketsoffers equity capital-raising services, as well as related derivative products and risk management solutions. The services include managing initial public offerings, follow-ons including rights issues and block trades, equity-linked transactions and other strategic equities solutions.

Debt capital marketshelps corporate and financial institution clients in raising debt capital including investment grade and emerging market bonds, high-yield bonds, subordinated debt and hybrid capital. We also provide leveraged capital services, which include event-driven (acquisition, leveraged buy-out) loans, bonds and mezzanine financing. All debt products are provided alongside risk management solutions, including derivatives in close collaboration with our foreign exchange, rates and credit businesses.

Financing solutionsworks seamlessly in serving corporate and investor clients across the globe by providing customized solutions across asset classes via a wide range of financing capabilities including structured financing, real estate finance, special situations group and corporate lending, which aims to support our advisory-driven businesses.

Operating environment and strategy

Investor Client Services

The businesses in Investor Client Services, which include our equities business and our foreign exchange, rates and credit business, provide a comprehensive distribution platform with enhanced cross-asset delivery as well as specialist skills to our corporate, institutional and wealth management clients.

Equities

We are one of the world’s largest equities houses and a leading participant in the primary and secondary markets for cash equities and equity derivatives. We provide a full front-to-back product suite globally, including financing, execution, clearing and custody services. Our franchise employs a client-centric approach to serve hedge funds, asset managers, wealth management advisors, financial institutions and sponsors, pension funds, sovereign wealth funds and corporations globally. We distribute, structure, execute, finance and clear cash equity and equity derivative products. Our research franchise provides in-depth investment analysis on companies, sectors, regions, macroeconomic trends, public policy and asset-allocation strategies. The main business lines of the equities unit are as follows:

Cash equities provides clients with liquidity, investment advisory, trade execution and consultancy services, together with comprehensive access to primary and secondary markets, corporate management and subject matter experts. We offer full-service trade execution for single stocks and portfolios, including capital commitment, block trading, small cap execution and commission management services. In addition, we provide clients with a full suite of advanced electronic trading products, direct market access to over 150 venues worldwide, including low-latency execution, innovative algorithms and pre, post and real – time analytical tools. Our broker and intermediary services franchise offers execution and price improvement to retail wholesalers.

Equity derivativesprovides a full range of flow and structured products, convertible bonds and strategic equity solutions with global access to primary and secondary markets. The franchise enables clients to manage risk and meet funding requirements through a wide range of listed, OTC, securitized and fund- wrapped products. We

create and distribute structured products and notes for institutional and retail investors with investment returns linked to companies, sectors and indices across multiple asset classes, including commodities.

Financing servicesprovides a fully-integrated platform for hedge fund clients, including prime brokerage, capital introduction, clearing and custody, synthetic financing and securities lending. In addition, we execute and clear exchange – traded derivatives across equities, fixed income and commodities in more than 60 markets globally.

Foreign exchange, rates and credit

This unit consists of our premier foreign exchange franchise and our market-leading precious metals business, as well as our rates and credit businesses. These businesses support the execution, distribution and risk management related to corporate and institutional client businesses, and also meet the needs of private wealth management clients via targeted intermediaries. The main business lines are as follows:

Foreign exchangeprovides a full range of G10 and emerging markets currency and precious metals services globally. We are a leading foreign exchange market-maker in the professional spot, forwards and options markets. We provide clients worldwide with first-class execution facilities (voice, electronic, algorithmic) coupled with premier advisory and structuring capabilities when tailored solutions best fit our clients’ positioning, hedging or liquidity management. Our presence in physical and non-physical precious metals markets has endured for almost a century. UBS’s award-winning teams provide quality, security and competitive pricing supported by a client-centric, one-stop shop approach that offers trading, investing and hedging across the spectrum of gold-, silver-, platinum- and palladium-related offerings.

Rates and creditencompasses sales and trading in a selected number of credit and rates products, such as standardized rates-driven products, interest-rate swaps and medium-term notes as well as government and corporate bonds. Our offering includes market-making capabilities in areas required to support our franchises in foreign exchange, equities, and our corporate and investor client base.

Operating environment and strategy

Our strategy

 

Global Asset Management

Global Asset Management is a large-scale asset manager with businesses well diversified across regions, capabilities and distribution channels. We serve third-party institutional and wholesale clients and the clients of UBS’s wealth management businesses with a broad range of investment capabilities and styles across all major traditional and alternative asset classes.

 

Business

Global Asset Management’s investment capabilities encompass equities, fixed income, currency, hedge funds, real estate, infrastructure and private equity. We also enable clients to invest in a combination of different asset classes through multi-asset strategies. Our fund services unit is a global fund administration business, provides professional services including legal fund set-up, accounting and reporting.business. Invested assets totaled CHF 574581 billion and assets under administration by fund services were CHF 375410 billion on 31 December 2011.2012. Global Asset Management is a leading fund house in Europe, the largest mutual fund manager in Switzerland and one of the largest fund of hedge funds and real estate investment managers in the world.

Strategy

With long-term performance as our focus, weWe work closely with our clients in pursuit of their investment goals. In particular, we are continuinggoals with long-term performance as our focus. We continue to expand our strong third-party institutional business both in developed

and emerging markets while also expandinggrowing third-party wholesale distribution in the Americas and Europe, building on our strengths in this channel in Asia Pacific and Switzerland.distribution. We also remain committed to delivering distinctive products and solutions to the clients of UBS’s wealth management businesses.

InWe offer a broad range of investment capabilities and styles across all major traditional and alternative asset classes. Over the highly volatile market environment, investors are increasingly lookingpast few years we have developed our indexed (or passive) capabilities, including exchange-traded funds, to meet growing demand for market-like returns (“beta”)these strategies from passive investments, complemented by higher potential returns (“alpha”) from higher-risk investments, including alternatives. In response toboth institutional and individual investors. Around one-fifth of our invested assets now fall into this wecategory.

We continue to expand our successful alternatives platform, building on our established positions in real estate and fund of hedge funds businesses. In addition, we continue to invest in our fast-growing passive capabilities, including exchange-traded funds and strategies tracking non-standard indices.

The current environment and near-term outlook are characterized by market uncertainty, investor risk aversionappetite that remains vulnerable to macro-economic developments, and lowerlow interest rates. In this environment, theThe diversification of our business places us in a good position to benefit from shifting market dynamics and provides a solid foundation for capturing industry growth opportunities.

The long-term outlook for the asset management industry remains good, with three main drivers indicating inflows into the industry: (i) the global economic downturn in recent years has reduced the assets of both working and retired people, thus increasing future savings requirements; (ii) governments are continuing to reduce support for pensions and benefits leading to a

 

 

Business structure

 

Investment capabilities are globally coordinated but with boutique-like discretion and accountability ...

Equities Fixed income Global investment solutions 

Alternative and quantitative

investments

 Global real estate Infrastructure and private equity Fund services

 

 

... with client-focused distribution is regionally organizedteams ...

Americas SwitzerlandAsia Pacific Europe Asia PacificSwitzerland

 

Global sovereign markets1

 

 

... and supported by global functions

CommunicationsFinancial control2 FinancialLegal & compliance2Risk control2 Human resources2 IT2 Legal & complianceOperations2 

Operations &

fund treasury

Risk controlCommunications2 

Strategic

COO functions including strategic planning

 

1  Works in close coordination with region heads and the Pan Asia Institutional team.  2  Reports to UBS Group functional head.

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Operating environment and strategy

 

The long-term outlook for the asset management industry remains strong, with three main drivers: (i) the financial crisis has reduced the assets of both the retired and the working population, creating a pressing need for increased savings rates; (ii)greater private provision; and (iii) emerging markets will continue to drive growth in the mutual funds industry and retirement schemes in these markets; and (iii) as governments focus on reducing deficits, they will need to reduce support for benefits and pensions and will face increased pressure to privatize infrastructure assets.are becoming an ever more important asset pool.

Organizational structure

The “Business structure” chart shows the investment, distribution and support structure of the business division. We employ around 3,800 personnel in 2624 countries, and have our principal offices in London, Chicago, Frankfurt, Hartford, Hong Kong, New York, Paris, Singapore, Sydney, Tokyo and Zurich. Global Asset Management operates through UBS AG or its subsidiaries.

Significant recent acquisitions and business transfers and other developments

 

In November 2011, investment management responsibility for a private equityDecember 2012, Global Asset Management announced the sale of its book of Canadian domestic business to Fiera Capital Corporation. The transaction was completed in January 2013.

In January 2012, the Jersey-based fund of fundsservices business was transferred from Wealth Management to Global Asset Management from Wealth Management & Swiss Bank.Management.

 

In October 2011, Global Asset Management completed the acquisition of the ING Investment Management Limited business in Australia. This currently operatesinitially operated as a subsidiary of UBS Global Asset Management (Australia) Ltd and, will befollowing the sale of parts of the business, was fully integrated during 2012.

 

In July 2011, the infrastructure and private equity fund of funds businesses were transferred from our alternative and quantitative investment area to our infrastructure investment area which, as a result, was renamed infrastructure and private equity.

In January 2011, investment management responsibility for a multi-manager alternative fund was transferred to Global Asset Management from Wealth Management & Swiss Bank.

In October 2010, UBS increased from 51.0% to 94.9% its holding in UBS Real Estate Kapitalanlagegesellschaft mbH (KAG), a Global Asset Management joint venture with Siemens in Munich, Germany.Germany, to 94.9% from 51.0%.

In September 2010, investment management responsibility for Wealth Management Americas’ US hedge fund business was transferred to Global Asset Management’s alternative and quantitative investments area. A joint venture between the two business divisions aims to deliver attractive hedge fund and fund of hedge funds solutions to Wealth Management Americas’ clients.

In December 2009, the real estate investment management business of Wealth Management & Swiss Bank was transferred to Global Asset Management.

In September 2009, UBS completed the sale of its Brazilian financial services business, including its asset management business, UBS Pactual Asset Management.

Competitors

Our competitors include global firms with wide-ranging capabilities, such as Fidelity Investments, AllianceBernstein Investments, BlackRock, JP Morgan Asset Management and Goldman Sachs Asset Management.

Most of our other competitors are more regional or local specialist niche players that focus mainly on one asset class, particularly in the real estate, hedge fund, infrastructure or infrastructureprivate equity investment areas.

Clients and markets

Global Asset Management serves third-party institutional and wholesale clients, and the clients of UBS’s wealth management businesses. As shown in the chart of invested“Invested assets by channel,channel” chart, at 31 December 2011,2012 approximately 66%68% of invested assets originated from third-party clients, including institutional clients (e.g. corporate and public pension plans, governments and their central banks) and wholesale clients (e.g. financial intermediaries and distribution partners). A further 34%32% originated from UBS’s wealth management businesses.

Products and services

Global Asset Management’s business lines are as follows:are: traditional investments (equities, fixed income and global investment solutions); alternative and quantitative investments; global real estate; infrastructure and private equity; and fund services. Revenues and key performance indicators are reported according to these business lines and a breakdown of invested assets by business line is shown in the chart on the next page.“Invested assets by business line” chart.

The investment teams operate in a boutique-like structure and the “Investment capabilities and services” chart illustrates our offering, whichtheir distinct offerings. These can be delivered in the form of segregated, pooled and advisory mandates, along with a very large range of more than 1,000 registered investment funds, exchange-traded funds and other investment vehicles in a wide variety of jurisdictions and across all major asset classes.

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Operating environment and strategy

Our strategy

 

Investment capabilities and services

 

Equities

 

Fixed income

 

Global investment

solutions

 

Alternative and

quantitative

investmentinvestments

 

Global real estate

 

Infrastructure and

private equity

 

Fund services

Core/valueCore, global, regional, country, emerging marketsGlobalGlobal 

GlobalSingle-manager

hedge funds

 

Global

 Single-manager hedge fundsGlobal 

Global

 Direct infrastructure investment 

Fund/product set-up

Global

 

Country and regional

Fund/product set-up
 

Country and regional

Multi-manager hedge funds

Country and regional

Infrastructure fund of fundsInternational distribution support
Country and regional Country and regionalCountry and regionalNAV calculation

Money marketOpportunity/high alpha

 

Money marketAsset allocation

Multi-manager

hedge funds

 

Quantitative

 Income, core, value-added and opportunistic strategies Private equityInfrastructure fund of funds Fund/product administration

Emerging markets

 

Short duration

Middle office services

Currency management

Active commodities, multi-manager

Multi-manager funds

Small cap, sector, thematic, sustainable
   

Shareholder service

Thematic and SRI

Core and core plus

Return and risk targetedShort duration   

Listed securities

Private labeling

Long/short

Sector specific

Structured portfolios

Farmland

Reporting

Opportunity/high alpha

Emerging markets

RiskCurrency management

Ancillary services for fund of hedge fund
Growth

High yield

Advisory services

Global

Indexed

Multi-manager

Country and regional

Unconstrained

         

Emerging markets

Private equity fund of funds
 

Customized solutions

Reporting
Core and core plusReturn and risk targetedAdvisory servicesMulti-manager funds     Investor services
Growth style – global, US, emerging marketsSector specificStructured portfoliosQuantitativeListed securitiesPrivate labeling
Emerging marketsRisk management

Active commodities,

multi-manager

Farmland    International distribution support
StructuredLong/short, unconstrained, market neutralHigh yieldAdvisory services            

Global and regional

Indexed, EFTsMulti-manager           Ancillary services for fund
of hedge funds

IndexedRules-based, high dividend

Unconstrained         

Enhanced indexed

   

Indexed, ETFs

Customized solutions      

ETFs

      

Market neutral

  

Multi-strategy

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

other investment vehicles in a wide variety of jurisdictions and across all major asset classes.

 

 

Equitiesoffers a fullwide spectrum of investment stylesstrategies with varying risk and return objectives. It has threeThese are delivered by distinct investment pillarsteams, each with distinct strategies, including core/value (portfolios managed according to a price-to-intrinsic-value philosophy),dedicated research and portfolio construction resources, which are organized around regional capabilities and styles: global, US, Europe, APAC & emerging markets, growth, (portfolios of quality growing companies that we believe to be undervalued in the market) and structured (strategies that employ proprietary analyticsbeta & indexing. Strategies include core, unconstrained, long-short, small cap, sector, thematic, indexed, rules-based and quantitative methods, including passive).other specialized strategies.

 

Fixed incomeoffers a diverse range of global, regional and local market-based investment strategies. Its capabilities include single-sector strategies such as government and corporate bond portfolios, multi-sector strategies such as core and core plus bond, and extended-sectorextended sector strategies such as high-yieldhigh yield and emerging market debt. In addition to this suite of traditional fixed income offerings, the team also manages unconstrained fixed income, currency strategies and customized solutions.

 

Global investment solutionsoffers active asset allocation, currency, multi-manager, structured solutions, risk advisory and strategic investment advisory services. It manages a wide array of regional and global multi-asset investment strategies across the full investment universe and risk/risk / return spectrum,

structured portfolios, convertible bonds and absolute-returnabsolute return strategies. Through its risk management and strategic investment advisory services, itthe team supports clients in a wide range of investment-related functions.

 

Alternative and quantitative investmentshas two primary business lines – Alternative Investment Solutions (AIS) and O’Connor. AIS offers a full spectrum of hedge fund solutions and advisory services including multi-manager strategies. O’Connor is a key provider of single-manager global hedge funds.

 

Global real estateactively manages real estate investments globally and regionally within Asia Pacific, Europe Switzerland and the US, across the major real estate sectors. Its capabilities are focused on core and value-added strategies but also include other strategies across the risk / return spectrum.

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Operating environment and strategy

the US, across the major real estate sectors. Its capabilities are focused on core and value-added strategies but also include other strategies across the risk/return spectrum. It offers direct and indirect investment, multi-manager and real estate securities strategies.

 

Infrastructure and private equitymanages direct infrastructure investment and multi-manager infrastructure and private equity strategies for both institutional and high net worth investors. Infrastructure asset management manages direct investments in core infrastructure assets globally. Alternative FundFunds Advisory (AFA) infrastructure and AFA private equity construct broadly diversified fund of funds portfolios across the infrastructure and private equity asset classes, respectively.

 

Fund services,the our global fund administration business, provides professional services,offers a comprehensive range of flexible solutions including legal set-up,fund setup, reporting and accounting for retail and institutionaltraditional investment funds, managed accounts, hedge funds, private equity funds and other alternative products.structures.

Operating environment and strategy

Distribution

Our capabilities and services are distributed through our regional business structure (Americas, Asia Pacific, Europe and Switzerland) as detailed in the “Business structure” chart. A breakdown of invested assets across these regions is shown in the bar“Invested assets by region” chart.

Through regional distribution, we are able to leverage the full resources of our global investment platforms and functions to provide clients with relevant investment management products and services, client servicing and reporting at a local level.

We also have a dedicated global sovereign markets group to deliver an integrated approach to this client segment and ensure that sovereign institutions receive the focused advisory, investment and training solutions they require.

 

LOGOLOGO

 

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Operating environment and strategy

Our strategy

 

Investment BankRetail & Corporate

The Investment Bank provides a broad range ofAs the leading retail and corporate banking business in Switzerland, our goal is to deliver comprehensive financial products and services in equities, fixed income, foreign exchange and commodities to our retail, corporate and institutional clients, sovereignprovide stable and government bodies, financial intermediaries, alternative asset managerssubstantial profits for the Group and UBS’s wealth management clients. The Investment Bank is an active participant in capital markets flow activities, including sales, trading and market-making across a broad range of securities. It provides financial solutions to a wide range of clients, and offers advisory and analytics services in all major capital markets.create revenue opportunities for other businesses within the Group.

 

Business

The Investment Bank is organized into three distinctOur Retail & Corporate business areasunit provides comprehensive financial products and services to alignour retail, corporate and institutional clients in Switzerland, and maintains a leading position in these client segments. As shown in the delivery of our services and the execution of our strategy with the needs of our clients:

equities

fixed income, currencies and commodities (FICC)

the investment banking department

The equities and FICC businesses are aligned within securities to foster a higher degree of cooperation across sales and trading. Together, they offer access“Business mix” chart, Retail & Corporate generates stable profits which contribute substantially to the primary and secondary securities markets, foreign exchange and prime brokerage services as well as research on equities, fixed income, commodities, and economic and quantitative research. The investment banking department provides advice on mergers and acquisitions and raises capital for corporate, institutional and sovereign clientsoverall financial performance of the Group. We are amongst the leading players in the debtretail and equity markets. In addition, the investment banking department playscorporate loan market in Switzerland, with a lead role in marketing UBS to corporates by leveraging senior client relationships.

Strategy

The Investment Bank is critical to the successhighly collateralized lending portfolio of UBS’s strategy. It is well positioned across many businesses and regions – for example, we are among the market leaders in equities, equity derivatives and foreign exchange and we have a strong presence across all businesses in Asia.

We are repositioning the Investment Bank to align our businesses more closely with the needs of our core clients and the wealth management franchise, and to address economic and regulatory changes that affect the entire industry. Our business model aims to be simpler and more focused, with the goal of optimizing returns predicatedCHF 137 billion on the efficient execution of our strategy across three strategic pillars: (i) flow; (ii) solutions; and (iii) advisory and analytics. Each pillar represents businesses that have similar transactional characteristics and success factors.

We believe that while none of the three pillars can support our franchise or deliver adequate returns on its own, a carefully balanced combination can better protect our profitability against fluctuations in client demand, costs or market movements.

To support our goal of becoming more focused and less complex while taking on less risk, we have intensified efforts to increase our capital efficiency and to actively reduce risk-weighted assets. In line with this strategy, we plan on reducing risk-weighted assets31 December 2012, as shown in the core businesses“Loans, gross” chart. This portfolio is managed conservatively, focusing on profitability and credit quality rather than market share.

Our Retail & Corporate unit constitutes a central building block for the universal bank model of UBS Switzerland. It supports our other business divisions by approximately one-thirdreferring clients to them and reducingassisting retail clients to build their wealth to a level at which we can transfer them to our legacy portfolio (managed and reported inWealth Management unit. Together, these actions contribute significantly to Group profitability. Furthermore, Retail & Corporate leverages the

Corporate Center starting with the first quarter of 2012) by close to 90% by the end of 2016. In our operating plan, we estimate the cross-selling potential revenue loss from the risk-weighted assets reduction in our core businesses to be approximately CHF 500 million per annum. To this end, we will optimize our business mix in favor of products and services that have the highest relevance to clients, offer the best growth opportunitiesprovided by our asset-gathering and investment banking businesses. In addition, Retail & Corporate manages a substantial part of our Swiss infrastructure and Swiss banking product platform, which are less capital intensive.

In reshaping our securities business, we are exiting certain areas, including FICC asset securitization, complex structured products, FICC macro directional and equities proprietary trading. With the exception of macro directional and equities proprietary trading, the assets associated with the areas we intend to exit will be managed in a legacy asset portfolio, which will be reported in the Corporate Center starting with the first quarter of 2012.

We have also revised our approach to other businesses with high capital intensity relative to returns, such as long-dated rates derivatives in flow rates, which will be scaled back

Our strategyboth leveraged by our other businesses.

 

LOGOStrategy and clients

We aspire to be the bank of choice for retail clients in Switzerland by delivering value-added services. Currently, we serve every third Swiss household. Our distributional network comprises nearly 300 branches, 1,250 automated teller machines including self-service terminals, and four customer service centers as well as state-of-the-art electronic and mobile banking services. In order to further improve our clients’ experience, we continue to invest in our distribution network by refurbishing our branches and adding new functionalities to our electronic and mobile banking service offering. Moreover, we are continuously refining our suite of life-cycle-based products to provide our clients with tailored solutions to meet their particular needs in their different stages of life. With regard to execution, we ensure a client-focused and efficient sales process.

Our size in Switzerland and the diversity of businesses we operate put us in an advantageous position to serve all our clients’ complex financial needs in an integrated and efficient way. We aim to be the main bank of corporate and institutional clients ranging from small and medium-size enterprises to multinationals, and from pension funds and commodity traders to banks and insurers. We serve almost one in two Swiss companies, including more than 85% of the 1,000 largest Swiss corporations, as well as one in three pension funds in Switzerland, including 75 of the

 

 

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Operating environment and strategy

 

significantly.largest 100. We will nevertheless continuestrive to invest in businesses in whichfurther expand and leverage our transaction banking capabilities (e.g. payment and cash management services, custody solutions, trade and export finance). In addition, we have a strongplan to increase our presence and those that offer attractive risk-return characteristics, such as cashgrow in the commodities trade finance business. Combining the universal bank approach with our local market expertise across all Swiss regions enables us to optimize our client service by providing access to all UBS capabilities.

As the leading retail and equity derivatives, foreign exchange, certain credit businesses and commodities.

In advisory and capital markets, we are increasing the intensity of our coverage to leverage our global footprint more effectively. This includes strengthening our presence in the Americas, restoring our position in Europe, the Middle East and Africa and extending our leading market position in Asia Pacific.

Acrosscorporate banking business in Switzerland, we understand the Investment Bank, we will continue to invest in infrastructure, technology, the retention and developmentimportance of our people and hiring of talentrole in key areas to ensuresupporting the successful executionneeds of our strategy. The Investment Bank is also investingclients. We have successfully implemented structures and processes to improve its internalsimplify our service commitments across the business, including streamlining our processes, reducing the administrative burden on our client advisors and enhancing their long-term productivity without compromising our risk control systems and increasing its focus on corporate governance. In 2011, we continued to focus on the efficiency of our cost base through a number of initiatives, and we expect the full impact of our activities to be realized during the course of 2012 and 2013. These initiatives include headcount reductions, refocusing of discretionary spending on client revenue generating activities and increasing efficiency of our operating model and processes.standards.

è

Please refer to the “Our strategy” section of this report for further information about our strategy and targets

Organizational structure

The Investment Bank comprisesRetail & Corporate unit is a core element of UBS Switzerland’s universal bank delivery model, which allows us to extend the threeexpertise of the entire bank to our Swiss retail, corporate and institutional clients. Switzerland is the only country where we operate in retail, corporate and institutional banking, wealth and asset management as well as investment banking.

To ensure consistent delivery throughout Switzerland, the Swiss network is organized into ten geographical regions. Dedicated management teams in the regions and in the branches derived from all business areas described inare responsible for executing the “Business” section above. Additionally,universal bank model, fostering cross-divisional collaboration and ensuring that the global capital markets business ispublic and clients have a joint venture between securitiesuniform experience based on a single corporate image and the investment banking department, which consistsshared standards of two separate areas: equity capital markets and debt capital markets. Global leveraged finance is a joint venture between the investment banking department and FICC and includes the global syndicated finance business.service.

We employ approximately 17,000 personnel in over 30 countries. We operate through branches and subsidiaries of UBS AG. Securities activities in the US are conducted through UBS Securities LLC, a registered broker-dealer.

Significant recent acquisitions, disposals and business transfers

In September 2009, UBS completed the sale of its Brazilian financial services business, UBS Pactual.

In April 2010, UBS entered into an agreement to acquire Link Investimentos, a Brazilian financial services firm.

Competitors

OurIn the Swiss retail banking business, our competitors are Raiffeisen, the cantonal banks, Credit Suisse, Postfinance, and other regional and local Swiss banks.

In the Swiss corporate and institutional business, our main competitors are the major global investment banks, including Bank of America/Merrill Lynch, Barclays Capital, Citigroup, Credit Suisse, Deutsche Bank, Goldman Sachs, JP Morgan Chasethe cantonal banks and Morgan Stanley. Other competing firms are activeforeign banks in many of the businesses and markets in which we participate.Switzerland.

Products and services

Securities

The securities segment providesOur retail clients have access to a coordinated distribution platformlife cycle-based comprehensive offering, comprising easy-to-understand products including cash accounts, payments, savings and retirement solutions, investment fund products, residential mortgages, a bonus program and advisory services. We provide financing solutions to our corporate clients, offering access to equity and debt capital markets, syndicated and structured credit, private placements, leasing and traditional financing. Our transaction banking offers solutions for payments and cash management services, trade and export finance, receivable finance, as well as global custody solutions to institutional clients. Close collaboration with enhanced cross-asset delivery and specialist skills. Securities researchour client-centric Investment Bank is a consistently top-ranked research house, which provides in-depth investment analysis across variouskey building block in our universal bank strategy that enables us to offer capital market products, foreign exchange products, hedging strategies (currency, interest rates, and commodities) and trading (equities and fixed income, currencies and commodities), as well as to provide corporate finance advice in fields such as mid-market mergers and acquisitions, corporate succession planning and real estate. We also cater to the asset classesmanagement needs of more than 3,400 companies worldwide, or about 85% of the global market capitalization, in over 50 markets. In addition, we have a specialist research functioninstitutional clients by offering quantitative analysis, socially responsible investing, alternative research, valuation and accounting, and special situations analysis.

Equities

We are one of the world’s largest participants in the primary and secondary markets for cash equity and equity-related products, including listed options, structured products, equity-linked securities, swaps, futures and over-the-counter (OTC) derivative contracts. Our equities franchise utilizes a client-centric model to serve hedge funds, asset managers, wealthportfolio management advisors, banks, pension funds and corporations globally. We structure, execute, distribute, finance and clear cash equity and equity-related products, in addition to distributing new equity and equity-related issues. Our prime services franchise includes prime brokerage andmandates, strategy execution and clearing services, which enables clients to address regulatory changes in the OTC derivative markets.fund distribution.

The main business lines of the equities business area are outlined below:

Cash equities provides clients with liquidity, investment advisory, trade execution and related consultancy services, together with comprehensive access to primary markets, corporate management and subject matter experts. We offer full-service trade execution for single stocks and portfolios, including capital commitment, block trading, small-cap execution and commission management services. In addition, we provide clients with a full suite of advanced electronic trading algorithms, strategies and analytical tools.

Derivatives and equity-linked provides a full range of flow, structured, synthetic and equity-linked products with global access to primary and secondary markets. The franchise enables clients to hedge and manage risk through a wide range of exchange-traded, OTC, securitized and fund–wrapped products. We create customized structured products for institutional and retail investors with returns linked to individual companies, sectors and indices across multiple asset classes.

Prime services offers an integrated global prime brokerage business, including multi-asset class clearing and custody, capital consultancy, financing, securities lending and equity swaps execution. In addition, we provide clients with execution and clearing capabilities on futures and options contracts across all asset classes, including equities, fixed income and commodities, on more than 70 exchanges globally.

 

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Operating environment and strategy

Our strategy

Fixed income, currencies and commodities

The FICC business area delivers products and solutions to corporate, institutional and public-sector clients in all major markets, as well as to private clients via targeted intermediaries. The main business lines of the FICC business area are outlined below:

Macro consists of the foreign exchange, money market and interest rate sales and trading businesses, as well as cash and collateral trading. We provide a range of foreign exchange, precious metals, treasury, and liquidity management solutions to institutional and private clients via targeted intermediaries. Interest rate activities include standardized rate-driven products and services such as interest rate derivatives trading, underwriting and trading of government and agency securities.

Creditsales and trading encompasses the origination, underwriting, trading and distribution of cash and synthetic products across the credit spectrum – bonds, derivatives, notes and loans. We are active across all major markets in secondary trading and market making of flow and structured credit instruments, securitized products and loans, and are focused on providing market liquidity and tailored solutions to our clients. In partnership with the investment banking department, we also provide capital markets debt financing and liability risk management solutions to corporates and institutions.

Theemerging marketsbusiness offers investors in Central and Eastern Europe, the Middle East, Latin America and selected Asian countries access to international markets, and provides international investors with an opportunity to add exposure through our onshore presence in key locations. We also provide liquidity in local markets across foreign exchange, credit, rates and structured products.

Ourcommodities business includes market-leading indices and precious metals offerings, combined with flow trading in agriculture, base metals and energy. We service a broad spectrum of institutional and corporate clients from risk management to direct or structured

investments, enabling them to structure deals at all levels of complexity and to access liquidity during and outside exchange times and across time zones. From the first quarter of 2012, this business will be part of the macro business.

Investment banking department

The investment banking department provides strategic advice and a range of capital markets execution services to corporate clients, financial institutions, financial sponsors, sovereign clients and hedge funds. With a presence in all major financial markets, investment banking coverage is based on a matrix of country, sector and product banking professionals.

The main business lines of the investment banking department business area are outlined below:

Theadvisory group assists in acquisitions and sale processes, and also advises on strategic reviews and corporate restructuring solutions.

Global capital markets is a joint venture with the securities business. It offers financing and advisory services that cover all forms of capital raising as well as risk management solutions. It comprises the equity capital markets business, aligned with equities, whose products include initial public offerings, secondary offerings and equity-linked transactions; and the debt capital markets business, aligned with FICC, whose products include commercial paper, medium-term notes, senior debt, high-yield debt, subordinated debt and hybrid capital. All our financing products are provided alongside risk management solutions, which include derivatives, structured finance, ratings advisory services and liability management.

Global leveraged finance provides event-driven (acquisition, leveraged buyout) loans, and bond and mezzanine leveraged finance to corporate clients and financial sponsors.

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Operating environment and strategy

 

Corporate Center

The Corporate Center enables UBS to operate coherentlycohesively and effectively by providing and managing support and control functions for the business divisions and the Group. It provides services in the areas of risk, finance (including funding, capital and balance sheet management, and management of non-trading risk), legal and compliance, information technology, human resources, real estate, procurement, communication and branding, corporate development, security and offshoring.

Aims and objectives

 

Objectives

The Corporate Center provides the business divisions with Group-level control in the areas of finance, risk, legal and compliance, and a global corporateGroup-wide shared services organizationservice functions comprising support and logistics functions. We strive to maintain effective corporate governance processes, including compliance with relevant regulations, ensuring an appropriate balance between risk and return. Each functional headThe Corporate Center also encompasses certain centrally managed positions, including the SNB StabFund option and the Legacy Portfolio.

In 2012, the Group-wide shared service functions in the Corporate Center has authority over all businesses in their area of responsibility, including the authority to issue Group-wide policies for that area.

The integration of Group-wide shared service functions (information– Core Functions, comprising information technology, human resources, real estate, procurement, communicationcorporate development, Group regulatory relations and strategic initiatives, communications and branding, corporate development,real estate and administrative services, procurement, physical security as well as information security and offshoring) intooffshoring, were extended by the Corporate Centerintegration of all Group-wide operations under the leadership of the Group Chief Operating Officer (Group COO) was completed in 2009. At.

The Corporate Center – Legacy Portfolio encompasses certain centrally managed positions, including the same time,SNB StabFund option and a portfolio of legacy assets. It is overseen by a committee consisting of the control functions were centralized under theGroup Chief Executive Officer, Group Chief Financial Officer (Group CFO),and the Group Chief Risk Officer (Group CRO), andOfficer. Starting with reporting for the Group General Counsel (Group GC), respectively.

Thefirst quarter of 2013, non-core businesses previously part of the Investment Bank will also be reported in the Corporate Center has improved– Legacy Portfolio. As a result, from 2013 this unit will be known as Corporate Center – Non-core and Legacy Portfolio.

At the end of 2012, there were 25,255 employees across all Corporate Center functions. The majority of the treasury income, operating expenses and personnel associated with the activities within Corporate Center – Core Functions are re-allocated to the business divisions for which the respective services are performed.

In 2012, the Corporate Center focused on increasing operational efficiency, executionoptimizing organizational design related to the accelerated implementation of our strategy announced in October 2012 and service quality.responding to the evolving regulatory environment. We have upgraded our cost management for globalimplemented a new integrated approach to governing regulatory and Group-wide coststrategic change initiatives and introduced a new Operational Risk Control Framework that encompasses all control requirements, front-to-back responsibilities and have implemented simple service delivery models with clear responsibilities. Our investment governance process provides oversight, review and approval of programs instrengthens the project portfolio and of those in the pipeline. This is part of a global service level agreement framework, ensuring investments are aligned with the Group’s strategic priorities.supervisory framework. Overall, the integrated structure helps us to maintain independent control functions and a core platform from which we cancontinually create synergies for revenue growth and enhance shareholder value.

The Corporate Center also encompasses certain centrally managed positions, including the SNB StabFund option and (with effect from the first quarter of 2012) the legacy portfolio formerly in the Investment Bank.

In 2011, the Corporate Center focused on further streamlining the organization, implementing strategic change programs and improving operational excellence. At the end of the year, there were approximately 19,300 employees across all of the Corporate Center functions. The majority of the Corporate Center’s treasury income, costs and headcount are re-allocated to the business divisions for which the respective services are performed.

Organizational structure

The Corporate Center – Core Functions consists of the control functions Group Finance, Group Risk, and Group General Counsel, in addition to the shared services functions.

Group Chief Financial Officer

The Group CFOChief Financial Officer (Group CFO) is responsible for ensuring transparency in, and appraisalassessment of, the financial performance of theUBS Group and its business divisions; thedivisions, for UBS Group’s financial reporting;reporting, forecasting, planning and controlling processes; and for providingprocesses. He also provides advice on financial aspects of strategic projects and transactions. The Group CFO manageshas management responsibility over the divisional and the UBS Group financial control functions. He managesThe Group CFO is responsible for the management and controls ourcontrol of UBS’s tax affairs and for treasury and capital management, including management and control of funding and liquidity risk as well asand UBS’s regulatory capital ratios. After consultation with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors’ Audit Committee,Directors (BoD), the Group CFO makes proposals to the Board of Directors (BoD)BoD regarding the policiesstandards for accounting we have adopted by UBS and defines the policiesstandards for financial reporting and disclosure. Together with the Group Chief Executive Officer (CEO)(Group CEO), the Group CFO provides external certifications

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under sections 302 and 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act 2002, and, in coordination with the Group CEO, manages relations with analysts investors and rating agencies.investors.

Group Chief Operating Officer

The Group COO is responsible for the management and performance ofmanages the shared service functions of the Group, including the management and control of Group-wide operations, information technology, procurement,human resources, corporate development, Group regulatory relations and strategic initiatives, communications and branding, corporate real estate and corporate administrative services, human resources, strategy, communications and brandingprocurement, physical as well as for physical and information security and offshoring. In addition, the Group COO supports the Group CEO in developing our strategy and addressing keyregulatory and strategic issues. The Group COO also acts as the CEO of the Corporate Center, and oversees the business and strategic planning of shared services.

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Operating environment and strategy

Our strategy

Group Chief Risk Officer

The Group CRO is responsible for developingChief Risk Officer (Group CRO) develops and implementingimplements principles and appropriate independent control frameworks for credit, market, country and operational risks within the Group. In particular, the Group CRO formulates and implements the frameworks for risk capacity and appetite, risk measurement, portfolio controls and risk reporting;reporting, and has management responsibility over the divisional and Group risk control functions. He implements the risk control mechanisms as determined by the BoD, the BoD Risk Committee or the Group CEO. In addition, the Group CRO approves transactions, positions, exposures, portfolio limits and provisions in accordance with the delegated risk control authorities, and monitors and challenges the firm’s risk-taking activities.

Group General Counsel

The Group GCGeneral Counsel (Group GC) is responsible for legal and compliance matters, policies and processes, and for managing the legal and compliance function for the UBS Group. The Group GC is responsible for reporting legal and compliance risks and material litigation, for managing litigation and special and regulatory investigations, and for ensuring that we meet relevant legal requirements and regulatory standards in the conduct of our business. The Group GC also assumes responsibility for establishing a Group-wide management and control process for our relationship with regulators, in close cooperation with the Group CRO and the Group CFO where relevant, and for maintaining the relationships with our key regulators with respect to legal and compliance matters. The Group GC is further responsible for reporting legal and compliance risks and material litigation, for managing litigation and special and regulatory investigations, and for ensuring that we meet relevant regulatory and professional standards in the conduct of our business.

 

Operating environment and strategy

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Operating environment and strategyRegulation and supervision

 

Regulation and supervision

As a Swiss-registered company, ourThe Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) is UBS’s home country regulator and consolidated supervisor is the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA). However, our operationssupervisor. As a financial services provider with a global footprint, we are global and are thereforealso regulated and supervised by the relevant authorities in each of the jurisdictions in which we conduct business. The nextfollowing sections describe the regulation and supervision of our business in Switzerland and the regulatory and supervisory environments in the US and the UK, our next two largest areas of operation.

Regulation and supervision in Switzerland

Swiss Federal Legislation

We are regulated by theThe Swiss Federal Law relating toon Banks and Savings Banks of 8 November 1934, as amended (Banking Act), and the related ImplementingSwiss Federal Ordinance on Banks and Savings Bank of 17 May 1972, as amended which are together known as(Banking Ordinance), provide the Federal Banking Law. Dependinglegal basis for banking in Switzerland. Based on the license obtained under this law, banks in Switzerlandframework, we may engage in a full range of financial servicesservice activities, including retail banking, commercial banking, investment banking and asset management.management in Switzerland. The Banking groups may also engage in insurance activities, but these must be undertaken through a separate subsidiary. The FederalAct, Banking Law establishesOrdinance and the Financial Market Supervision Act of 22 June 2007, as amended, establish a framework for supervision by FINMA.FINMA, empowering it to issue its own ordinances and circular letters, which contribute to shaping the Swiss legislative framework for banks.

Switzerland implemented the internationally agreed capital adequacy rules of the Basel Capital Accord (Basel II) by means of the Capital Adequacy Ordinance of 29 September 2006, and subsequent FINMA circulars. Switzerland imposes a more differentiated and tighter regime than the internationally agreed rules, including more stringent risk weights. The revised decree on capital requirements issued at the end of 2008 increased the risk-based buffer and complemented it with a leverage ratio requirement, i.e. a minimum ratio of capital and balance sheet assets. In the course of 2010, the Swiss Federal Council and FINMA incorporated the enhancements to the Basel II enhancementsCapital Accord issued by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision on 13 July 2009 (so-called Basel 2.5) into the Capital Adequacy Ordinance of 29 September 2006 (and related circular letters). The enhanced capital adequacy rules became effective on 1 January 2011. In autumn 2011, the Swiss Parliament amended the legal framework for banks to address the lessons learned from the financial crisis and, in particular, the “too-big-to-fail” issue. The amended sections are applicable to the largest Swiss banks, including UBS, and contain specific capital requirements and provisions to ensure that systemically relevant functions can be maintained in case of insolvency. In addition, and in line with global requirements, we are required to produce and update recovery and resolution plans aimed at increasing the firm’s resilience further in the case of a crisis, and provide FINMA and other regulators with information on how the firm could be resolved in the event of an unsuccessful recovery. These new sections entered into force on 1 March 2012. Switzerland implemented the Basel III Accord by means of a complete review of the Capital Adequacy Ordinance and related circulars. The enhancements strengthenFINMA rules. In addition, a number of other amendments have been made to the Basel II rules governing trading book capital,Banking Ordinance and enhance the three pillars of the Basel II framework. The revised Capital Adequacy Ordinance, together with the FINMA circulars, enteredwhich came into forceeffect on 1 January 2011. These requirements are being upgraded to reflect the Basel III framework issued by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision as implemented in Switzerland.2013.

 è 

Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information about capital requirements

In autumn 2011, the Swiss parliament amended the Federal Banking Law to address the lessons learned from the financial crisis and to address the “too big to fail” issue. The amended sections are applicable to the largest Swiss banks including UBS and contain specific capital requirements and provisions to ensure that systemically relevant

functions can be maintained in case of insolvency. In addition, and in line with global requirements, UBS is required to produce and update recovery and resolution plans that will help the firm and the regulator prevent another crisis or to mitigate its effects on both clients and counterparties. These new sections are expected to enter into force during 2012.

The Federal Act of 10 October 1997 on the Prevention of Money Laundering in the Financial Sector lays downdefines a common standard for due diligence obligations to prevent money laundering for the whole financial sector, which must be met to prevent money laundering.sector.

The legal basis for the investment funds business in Switzerland is the Swiss Federal Act on Collective Investment Schemes (Collective Investment Schemes Act) of 23 June 2006, which came into force on 1 January 2007. TheFINMA, as supervisory authority for investment funds in Switzerland, is FINMA, which is responsible for the authorization and supervision of the institutions and investment funds subject to its control.

In our capacity as a securities broker and as an issuer of shares listed in Switzerland, we are governed by the SwissFederal Act on Stock Exchange Act;Exchanges and Securities Trading of 24 March 1995. FINMA is the competent supervisory authority.

Regulation by the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authorityauthority with respect to securities brokering.

FINMA is strongly involved in the shaping of the legislative framework for banks:

FINMA has substantial influence on the drafting of Swiss federal acts and ordinances from the Federal Council or the parliament.

On a more technical level, FINMA is empowered to issue its own ordinances and circulars.

Self-regulation by the SIX Swiss Exchange and the Swiss Bankers Association

Certain aspects of securities brokering, such as the organization of trading, are subject to self-regulationfulfills its statutory supervisory responsibilities through the SIX Swiss Exchange (SIX), under the overall supervisioninstruments of FINMA. Further more, we are also an issuer of listed shares subject to self-regulation by the SIX.

FINMA also officially endorses self-regulatory guidelines to issued by the banking industry (through the Swiss Bankers Association), making them an integral part of banking regulation.

Two-tier system of supervisionlicensing, regulation, monitoring, and direct supervision of UBS

enforcement. Generally, prudential supervision in Switzerland is based on a division of tasks between FINMA and a number of authorized audit firms. Under this two-tier supervisory system, FINMA has the responsibility for overall supervision and enforcement measures while the authorized audit firms carry out official duties on behalf of FINMA.

Operating environment and strategy

Regulation and supervision

The responsibilityresponsibilities of external auditors encompassesencompass the audit of financial statements, the review of banks’ compliance with all prudential requirements and on-site audits.

Because of itsWe are classified as a “big bank” due to our size, complexity, organization and business activities, as well as our importance to the Swiss financial system, UBS issystem. As a big bank, we are subject to more rigorous supervision than other banks. We are directly supervised by dedicatedthe FINMA group “Supervision of UBS,” which is supported by teams at FINMA. The regime of direct supervision is regulated by FINMA Circular 08/9 on the Supervision of Large Banking Groups.specifically monitoring investment banking activities, risk management, as well as solvency and capital aspects. Supervisory tools include schedulednumerous meetings with management and information exchange encompassing all control and business areas, independent assessments through review activities, and a regular exchange of views with internal audit functions, external auditors and important host supervisors.

We are directly supervised In recent years, FINMA has implemented the recommendations issued by the FINMA team “SupervisionFinancial Stability Board and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, and complemented the Supervisory College with the UK Financial Services Authority (FSA) and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (FRBNY), established in 1998 to promote supervisory cooperation and coordination, with a General Supervisory College – including more than a dozen of UBS” which host regulatory agencies – and a Crisis

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Operating environment and strategy

Management College (which is supportedalso attended by teams specifically monitoring investment banking activities, risk management, and solvency and capital aspects.

Role ofrepresentatives from the Swiss National Bank and division of tasks between FINMA[SNB] and the Swiss National Bank of England).

WhileThe SNB contributes to the Swiss National Bank (SNB)stability of the financial system through macro-prudential measures and monetary policy, providing also liquidity to the banking system. It does not exercise any banking supervision and is not responsible for enforcing banking legislation, it is mandated to contribute to the stability of the financial system, is responsible for the supply of liquidity and conducts the monetary policy. In fulfilling its mandate, the SNB monitors developments in the banking sector from the perspective of the system as a whole. Accordingly,but works together with FINMA and the SNB work together in the following areas: (i) assessment of the soundness of systemically important banks;banks, (ii) regulations that have a major impact on the soundness of banks, including liquidity, capital adequacy and risk distribution provisions, where they are of relevance for financial stability;stability, and (iii) contingency planning and crisis management. FINMA and the SNB exchange information and share opinions about the soundness of the banking sector and systemically important banks, and are authorized to exchange information and documents that are not publicly accessible if they require these in order to fulfill their tasks. With regard to systemically important banks, the SNB may also carry out its own enquiries and may request that theseinformation directly from the banks. In addition, the SNB has been tasked by parliament with the designation of systemically relevant banks provide information as required.and their systemically relevant functions in Switzerland.

 è 

Refer to the “Regulatory developments” and “Risk factors” sections of this report for more information

Regulation and supervision in the US

Banking regulation

Our operations in the US are subject to a variety of regulatory regimes. We maintain branches in several states, including Connecticut, Illinois, FloridaNew York and New York.Florida. These branches are licensed either by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency or the state banking authority of the state in which the branch is located. Each US branch is subject to regulation and examination by its licensing authority. We also maintain state and federally chartered trust companies and other limited purpose banks, which are regulated by state regulators or the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency. In addition, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System exercises examination and regulatory authority

over our state-licensed US branches. Only the deposits of our subsidiary bank located in the state of Utah are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The regulation of our US branches and subsidiaries imposes restrictions on the activities of those branches and subsidiaries, as well as prudential restrictions on their operations, such as limits on extensions of credit to a single borrower, including UBS subsidiaries and affiliates.

The licensing authority of each state-licensed US branch of UBS AG has the authority, in certain circumstances, to take possession of the business and property of UBS located in the state of the office it licenses. Such circumstances generally include violations of law, unsafe business practices and insolvency. As long as we maintain one or more federal branches, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency also has the authority to take possession of all the US operations of UBS under generallybroadly similar circumstances, as well as in the event that a judgment against a federally licensed branch remains unsatisfied, and thisunsatisfied. This federal

power may pre-empt the state insolvency regimes that would otherwise be applicable to our state-licensed branches. As a result, if the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency exercised its authority over the US branches of UBS pursuant to federal law in the event of a UBS insolvency, all US assets of UBS would generally be applied first to satisfy creditors of these US branches as a group, and then made available for application pursuant to any Swiss insolvency proceeding.

In addition to the direct regulation of our US banking offices, because we operate US branches, we are subject to oversight regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System under various laws (including the International Banking Act of 1978 and the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956). On 10 April 2000, UBS was designated a “financial holding company” under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956. Financial holding companies may engage in a broader spectrum of activities than bank holding companies or foreign banking organizations that are not financial holding companies, including underwriting and dealing in securities. To maintain our financial holding company status, (i) UBS,the Group, our US subsidiary federally chartered trust company and our US subsidiary bank located in Utah are required to meet certain capital ratios, (ii) our US branches, our US subsidiary federally chartered trust company, and our US subsidiary bank located in Utah are required to meet certain examination ratings, and (iii) our subsidiary bank in Utah is required to maintain a rating of at least “satisfactory” under the Community Reinvestment Act of 1997.

A major focus of US governmental policy relating to financial institutions in recent years has been aimed at fighting money laundering and terrorist financing. Regulations applicable to UBS and our subsidiaries impose obligations to maintain effective policies, procedures and controls to detect, prevent and report money laundering and terrorist financing, and to verify the identity of their clients. Failure of a financial institution to maintain and implement adequate programs to combat money laundering and terrorist financing could have serious consequences, for the firm, both in legal terms and in terms of our reputation.

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Operating environment and strategy

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 impacts the financial services industry by addressing, among other issues, the following: (i) systemic risk oversight, (ii) bank capital standards, (iii) the liquidation of failing systemically significant financial institutions, (iv) OTC derivatives, (v) the ability of deposit-taking banks to engage in proprietary trading activities and invest in hedge funds and private equity (the so-called Volcker rule), (vi) consumer and investor protection, (vii) hedge fund registration, (viii) securitization, (ix) investment advisors, (x) shareholder “say on pay,” (xi) the role of credit-rating agencies, and more. The details of the legislation and its impact on UBS’s operations will depend on the final regulations ultimately adopted by various agencies and oversight boards.

US regulation of other US operations

In the US, UBS Securities LLC and UBS Financial Services Inc., as well as our other US-registered broker-dealer entities, are subject to regulations that cover all aspects of the securities business, including: sales methods;methods, trade practices among broker-dealers;broker-dealers, use and safekeeping of clients’ funds and securities;securities, capital structure; record-keeping;structure, record-keeping, the financing of clients’ purchases;purchases, and the conduct of directors, officers and employees.

These entities are regulated by a number of different government agencies and self-regulatory organizations, including the SECSecurities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA). Each entity is also regulated by some or all of the following: the NYSE,New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board, the US Department of the Treasury, the Commodities Futures Trading Commission and other exchanges of which it may be a member, depending on the specific nature of the respective broker-dealer’s business. In addition, the US states, provinces and territories have

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Operating environment and strategy

Regulation and supervision

local securities commissions that regulate and monitor activities in the interest of investor protection. These regulators have a variety of sanctions available, including the authority to conduct administrative proceedings that can result in censure, fines, the issuance of cease-and-desist orders or the suspension or expulsion of the broker-dealer or its directors, officers or employees.

FINRA is dedicated to investor protection and market integrity through effective and efficient regulation and complementary compliance and technology-based services. FINRA covers a broad spectrum of securities businesses,matters, including: registering and educating industry participants;participants, examining securities firms;firms, writing rules;rules, enforcing those rules and the federal securities laws;laws, informing and educating the investing public;public, providing trade reporting and other industry utilities;utilities, and administering a dispute resolution forum for investors and registered firms. It also performs market regulation under contract for the NASDAQ Stock Market, the NYSE, the American Stock Exchange and the Chicago Climate Exchange. The SEC’s mission is to protect investors, maintain fair, orderly, and efficient markets, and facilitate capital formation. The SEC oversees the key participants in the securities world, including securities exchanges, securities brokers and dealers, investment advisors, and mutual funds.

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (Dodd-Frank Act) impacts the financial services industry by addressing, among other issues, the following: (i) systemic risk oversight, (ii) bank capital standards, (iii) the liquidation of failing systemically significant financial institutions, (iv) OTC derivatives, (v) the ability of deposit-taking banks to engage in proprietary trading activities and invest in hedge funds and private equity (the so-called Volcker rule), (vi) consumer and investor protection, (vii) hedge fund registration, (viii) securitization, (ix) investment advisors, (x) shareholder “say on pay,” and (xi) the role of credit-rating agencies. Many of the provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act discussed above will affect the operation of these non-banking entities,UBS’s US banking operations as well as UBS’s US banking operations. Again,our non-banking entities. The details of the legislation and its impact of this statute on UBS’s operations will depend on the final regulations ultimatelybeing adopted by various agencies and oversight boards.

 è 

Refer to the “Regulatory developments” and “Risk factors” sections of this report for more information

Regulation and supervision in the UK

Our operations in the UK are mainly regulated by the Financial Services Authority (FSA),FSA, which establishes a regime of rules and guidance governing all relevant aspects of financial services businesses. UBS AG, London Branch is regulated by both the FSA and FINMA.

The FSA has established a risk-based approach to supervision and has a wide variety of supervisory tools available to it, including regular risk assessments, on-site inspections (which may relate to an industry-wide theme or be firm-specific) and the ability to commission reports by skilled persons (who may be the firm’s auditors, IT specialists, lawyers or other consultants as appropriate). The FSA also has an extremely wide set of sanctions which it may impose under the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, broadly similar to those available to US regulators.

Some of our subsidiaries and affiliates are also regulated by the London Stock Exchange and other UK securities and commodities exchanges of which we are a member. We are also subject to the requirements of the UK Panel on Takeovers and Mergers, where relevant.

Financial services regulation in the UK is conducted in accordance with EU directives which require, among other things, compliance with certain capital adequacy standards, client protection requirements and conduct of business rules (such as the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive). These directives apply throughout the EU and are reflected in the regulatory regimes of the various member states.

The UK government has committed to changing the current regulatory structures, including splitting responsibility for prudential regulation and conduct of business regulation and the replacement of the FSA with new regulatory bodies, reportingnamely the Prudential Regulation Authority (reporting to the Bank of England. These proposals are currentlyEngland) and the subjectFinancial Conduct Authority (the legal continuation of consultationthe FSA). This split will take effect in early 2013, formalizing the existing internal separation of supervisory responsibility for prudential and legislative consideration.conduct business regulation, implemented in April 2012.

 è 

Refer to the “Regulatory developments” and “Risk factors” sections of this report for more information

 

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Operating environment and strategy


Operating environment and strategy

Risk factors

 

Risk factors

 

Certain risks, including those described below, may impact our ability to execute our strategy and directly affect our business activities, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Because the business of a broad-based international financial services firm such as UBS is inherently exposed to risks that become apparent only with the benefit of hindsight, risks of which we are not presently aware or which we currently do not consider to be material could also materiallyimpact our ability to execute our strategy and affect our business activities, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. The sequence in which the risk factors are presented below is not indicative of their likelihood of occurrence or the potential magnitude of their financial consequences.

Regulatory and legislative changes may adversely affect our business and ability to execute our strategic plans

Fundamental changes in the laws and regulations affecting financial institutions could have a material and adverse effect on our business. In the wake of the recent2007–2009 financial crisis and in light of the currentcontinuing instability in global financial markets, regulators and legislators have proposed, have adopted, or are actively considering, a wide range of changes to these laws and regulations. TheThese measures are generally designed to address the perceived causes of the crisis and to limit the systemic risks posed by major financial institutions. These measuresThey include the following:

 

significantly higher regulatory capital requirements;

 

changes in the definition and calculation of regulatory capital, including the capital treatment of certain capital instruments issued by UBS and other banks;capital;

 

changes in the calculation of risk-weighted assets (RWA);

the introduction of a more demanding leverage ratio;

 

new or significantly enhanced liquidity requirements;

 

requirements to maintain liquidity and capital in multiple jurisdictions wherein which activities are conducted and booked;

 

limitations on principal trading and other activities;

 

new licensing, registration and compliance regimes;

 

limitations on risk concentrations and maximum levels of risk;

 

taxes and government levies that would effectively limit balance sheet growth;growth or reduce the profitability of trading and other activities;

 

a variety of measures constraining, taxing or imposing additional requirements relating to compensation;

adoption of new liquidation regimes intended to prioritize the preservation of systemically significant functions;

 

requirements to adopt structural and other changes designed to reduce systemic risk and to make major financial institutions easier to wind downmanage, restructure, disassemble or disassemble.liquidate; and

requirements to adopt risk governance structures at a local jurisdiction level.

A number of measures have been adopted and will be implemented inover the next several years; some are subject to legislative action or to further rulemaking by regulatory authorities before final implementation. As a result, there is a high level of uncertainty regarding a number of the measures referred to above, including whether (or the form in which) they will be adopted, the timing and content of implementing regulations and interpretations and/or the dates of their implementation.effectiveness.

Notwithstanding attempts by regulators to coordinate their efforts, the proposalsmeasures adopted or proposed differ by jurisdiction and therefore enhanced regulation may be imposed in a manner that makessignificantly across the major jurisdictions, making it moreincreasingly difficult to manage a global institution. The absence of a coordinated approach, is also likely tomoreover, disadvantages institutions headquartered in jurisdictions that impose relatively more stringent standards. Switzerland has adopted capital and liquidity requirements for its major international banks that are the strictest among the major financial centers. This could disadvantage certainSwiss banks such as UBS aswhen they attempt to compete with less strictly regulatedpeer financial institutions andsubject to more lenient regulation or with unregulated non-bank competitors.

Regulatory and legislative changes in Switzerland

In September 2011, the Swiss parliament adopted the “too-big-to-fail” law to address the issues posed by large banks. The law became effective on 1 March 2012. Accordingly, Swiss regulatory change efforts arehave generally proceedingproceeded more quickly than those in other major jurisdictions, and the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA), the Swiss National Bank (SNB) and the Swiss Federal Council are implementing requirements that are significantly more onerous and restrictive for major Swiss banks, such as UBS, than those adopted proposed or publicly espousedproposed by regulatory authorities in other major global bankingfinancial centers.

The Swiss Federal Departmentprovisions of Finance has consulted on proposed changes to the revised banking ordinance and capital adequacy ordinance.ordinance implementing the Swiss “too-big-to-fail” law became effective on 1 January 2013. These ordinances when final,implement capital requirements that increase or decrease in proportion to UBS’s (i) market share in Switzerland and (ii) total exposure, a metric that measures balance sheet size. This could in effect result in higher or lower capital adequacy requirements than the 19% of Basel III RWA that has been publicly discussed. In particular, de facto higherAs we have previously announced, our total capital requirements (to be fulfilled atare expected to fall to 17.5% reflecting the levelplanned decrease in total exposure as part of the Groupacceleration of our strategy announced in October 2012. Actions and interpretations of governmental authorities may affect the parent holding systemically relevant functions) maycalculation of our capital ratios and increase our effective capital requirements. For example, we expect approximately CHF 2–3 billion to be theadded to our RWA each year from 2013 through 2019 as a result of FINMA’s decision to apply a

Operating environment and strategy

Risk factors

bank-specific multiplier for banks using the leverage ratio if implemented as currently proposed, or of the planned early implementation in Switzerland of the anticyclical buffer requirement recommended by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision.internal ratings-based approach when calculating RWA for Swiss retail mortgages. In addition, thea 1% countercyclical buffer on RWA arising from Swiss Government’s proposed changes to the risk weighting of residential mortgages would significantly increase the capital requirements for our Swiss mortgage book.will be effective from September 2013.

The new banking and capital adequacy ordinances will,also contain, among other things, contain provisions regarding emergency plans for systemically important functions, recovery and resolution planning and intervention measures that may be triggered when certain capital thresholds are breached. Those intervention levels may be set at higher capital levels than under current law, and may depend upon the capital structure and type of buffer capital the bank will have to issue to meet the specific Swiss requirements (6% to cover systemic risk in addition to the 13% to be required due to the combination of Basel III and the “Swiss finish”). The Swiss Federal Council will have to present the revised ordinances to the Swiss parliament for approval; the ordinances are expected to come into force on 1 January 2013.requirements.

If we are not able to demonstrate that our systemically relevant functions in Switzerland can be maintained even in case of a threatened insolvency, FINMA may impose more onerous requirements on us. Although the actions that FINMA may take in such circumstances are not yet defined, we could be required directly

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Operating environment and strategy

or indirectly, for example, to alter our legal structure (e.g., to separate lines of business into dedicated entities, possibly with limitations on intra-group funding and certain guarantees), or in some manner to further reduce business risk levels. The law also provides that the largest banks will be eligible for a capital rebate if they take actions that facilitate recovery and resolvability beyond ensuring that the systematically important functions are maintained in case of insolvency. Such actions would likely include an alteration of the legal structure of a bank group in a manner that would insulate parts of the group from exposure to risks arising from other parts of the group, thereby making it easier to dispose of certain parts of the group in a recovery scenario, or to liquidate or dispose of certain parts of the group in a resolution scenario, without necessarily adversely affecting other parts.

Due to recent changes in Swiss regulatory requirements, and due to liquidity requirements imposed by certain other jurisdictions in which we operate, we have been required to maintain substantially higher levels of liquidity overall than had been our usual practice in the past. Like increased capital requirements, higher liquidity requirements make certain lines of business, particularly in the Investment Bank, less attractive and may reduce our overall ability to generate profits.

Regulatory and legislative changes outside Switzerland

Regulatory and legislative changes in other locations in which we operate may subject us to a wide range of new restrictions both in individual jurisdictions and, in some cases, globally.

    Some of these regulatory and legislative changes may subject us to requirements to move activities from UBS AG branches into subsidiaries, which in turn createssubsidiaries. Such “subsidiarization” can create operational, risk control, capital and tax inefficiencies, increase our aggregate credit exposure to counterparties as well asthey transact with multiple UBS AG affiliates, expose our businesses to higher local capital requirements, and potentially give rise to client and counterparty concerns about the credit quality of the subsidiary. Such changes could also negatively impact our funding model and severely limit our booking flexibility. For example, we have

significant operations in the UK and use UBS AG’s London branch as a global booking center for many types of products. The UK Independent Commission on Banking (ICB) has recommended structural and non-structural reform of the banking sector to promote financial stability and competition. Key measures proposed include the ring-fencing of retail activities in the UK, additional common equity tier 1 capital requirements of up to 3% of RWA for retail banks, and the issuance of debt subject to “bail-in” provisions. Such measures could have a material effect on our businesses located or booked in the UK, although the applicability and implications of such changes to offices and subsidiaries of foreign banks are not yet entirely clear. Already, weWe are being required by regulatory authoritiesthe UK Financial Services Authority and by FINMA to increase very substantially the capitalization of our UK bank subsidiary, UBS Limited, and expect to be required to change our booking practices to reduce or even eliminate our utilization of UBS AG London branch as a global booking center for the ongoing business of the Investment Bank. In addition, the UK Independent Commission on Banking has recommended structural and non-structural reforms of the banking sector, most of which have been endorsed by the UK government. Key measures proposed include the ring-fencing of retail activities in the UK, additional common equity tier 1 capital requirements of up to 3% of RWA for retail banks, and the issuance of debt subject to “bail-in” provisions. The applicability and implications of such changes to offices and subsidiaries of foreign banks are not yet entirely clear, but they could have a material effect on our businesses located or booked in the UK.

The adoption of the Dodd-Frank Act in the US will also affect a number of our activities, as well as those of other banks. The implementation of the Volcker Rule as of July 2012, for example, is one reason for our announced decision to exitexiting equities proprietary trading business segments within the Investment Bank. For other trading activity, we expect that we will be required to implement a compliance regime, including the calculation of detailed metrics for each trading book, and may be required to implement a compliance plan globally. Depending on the nature of the final rules, as well as the manner in which they are implemented, the Volcker Rule could have a substantial impact on market liquidity and the economics of market-making activities. The Volcker Rule also broadly limits investments and other transactional activities between banks and covered funds. The proposed implementing regulations both expand the scope of covered funds and provide only a very limited exclusion for activities of UBS outside the US. If adopted as proposed, the regulations could limit certain of our activities in relation to funds, particularly outside the US.

Because many Moreover, at the end of 2012, the Federal Reserve issued proposed rules for foreign banking organizations in the US (sections 165 and 166 of Dodd-Frank Act) that include (i) a requirement for an intermediate holding company to hold US subsidiary operations, (ii) risk-based capital and leverage requirements, (iii) liquidity requirements (both substantive and procedural), (iv) single-counterparty credit limits, (v) risk management and risk committee requirements, (vi) stress test requirements, including public disclosure of the regulations that mustresults, (vii) a debt-to-equity limit, and (viii) a framework for early remediation of financial weaknesses. The proposal would impose different requirements based on the overall size of the foreign banking organization and the size of its US-based assets. If the rules are adopted as proposed, UBS would be adoptedsubject to implement the Dodd-Frank Act have not yet been finalized,most stringent requirements based on the effect on business booked or conducted by UBS in whole or in part outside thecurrent size of its global and US cannot yet be determined fully.operations.

    In addition, in 2009 the G20 countries committed to moverequire all standardized over-the-counter (OTC) derivative contracts to be traded on exchangeexchanges or trading facilities and clear themcleared through centralcen-

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tral counterparties by the end of 2012. This commitment is being implemented through the

Dodd-Frank Act in the US and corresponding legislation in the European Union and other jurisdictions, and will have a significant impact on our OTC derivatives business, primarily in the Investment Bank. For example, mostwe expect that, as a rule, the shift of OTC derivatives trading will move towardto a central clearing model increasing transparency throughwill tend to reduce profit margins in these products, although some market participants may be able to offset this effect with higher trading on exchanges or swap execution facilities.volumes in commoditized products. Although we are preparing for these thematic market changes, they are likely to reduce the revenue potential of certain lines of business for market participants generally, and we may be adversely affected.

In connection with the rules being adopted on swaps and derivative markets in the US as part of the Dodd-Frank Act, UBS AG could be required to registerregistered as a swap dealer in the US during 2012. The new regulations willat the end of 2012 enabling the continuation of swaps business with US persons. Regulations issued by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) impose substantial new requirements on registered swap dealers but no guidancefor clearing, trade execution, transaction reporting, recordkeeping, risk management and business conduct. The CFTC has been issued yet on theirgranted time-limited relief to initially limit the scope of new requirements to transactions with US persons. Certain of the CFTC’s regulations, including those relating to swap data reporting, recordkeeping, compliance and supervision, are expected to apply to UBS AG globally once this time-limited relief expires. Application of these requirements to UBS’s swaps business with non-US persons will present a substantial implementation burden, will likely duplicate or conflict with legal requirements applicable to UBS outside of the United States and may place UBS at a competitive disadvantage to firms that are not CFTC-registered swap dealers. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is expected to propose rules for the extraterritorial application of its regulation of securities-based swaps in the first half of 2013, and to the activitiesrequire registration of securities-based swap dealers in the US following adoption of such rules. SEC regulation of securities-based swaps may present similar risks to CFTC rules.

The effect on business booked or conducted by UBS in whole or in part outside the US. The potential extra-territorial applicationUS cannot yet be determined fully because many of the regulations that must be adopted to implement the Dodd-Frank Act have not yet been finalized.

    In many instances, UBS provides services on a cross-border basis. Efforts in the European Union (EU) to harmonize the regime for third-country firms to access the European market may have the effect of creating new rules could create a significant operationalbarriers that adversely affect our ability to conduct business in these jurisdictions from Switzerland. For instance, the proposed harmonization of third-country access provisions under the revised European MiFID II/MiFIR framework would make it materially more difficult for UBS to service wealth management clients in Europe. As these requirements are still being developed and compliance burdenrevised, the effect on our business with clients domiciled or booked in the EU is difficult to predict.

Resolution and potential for duplicative and conflicting regulation.recovery; bail-in

We are currently required to produce recovery and resolution plans in the US, UK, Switzerland and Switzerland.Germany and are likely to face similar requirements for our operations in other jurisdictions, including our operations in the EU as a whole as part of the proposed EU Recovery and Resolution Directive. Resolution plans may increase the pressure for structural change if our analysis identifies impediments that are not acceptable to regulators. Such structural changes may negatively impact our ability to benefit from synergies between business units.units, and if they include the creation of separate legal entities may have the other negative consequences mentioned above with respect to “subsidiarization”.

In addition a number of jurisdictions, including Switzerland, the US, the UK and the EU, have implemented or are considering implementing changes that would allow resolution authorities to convert debt into equity in a so-called “bail-in”. The scope of bail-in authority and the legal mechanisms that would be utilized for the purpose are subject to a great deal of development and interpretation. Depending upon the outcome, bail-in authority may have a significant effect on UBS’s funding costs.

The planned and potential regulatory and legislative developments in Switzerland and in other jurisdictions in which we have operations may have a material adverse effect on our ability to execute our strategic plans, on the profitability or viability of certain business lines globally or in particular locations, and in some cases on our ability to compete with other financial institutions. They are likely to be costly to implement and could also have a negative impact on our legal structure or business model. Finally, the uncertainty related to or the implementation of legislative and regulatory changes may have a negative impact on our relationships with clients and our success in attracting client business.

Due to recent changes in Swiss regulatory requirements, and due to liquidity requirements imposed by certain jurisdictions in which we operate, we have been required to maintain substantially higher levels of liquidity overall than had been our usual practice in the past. Like increased capital requirements, higher liquidity requirements make certain lines of business, particularly in the Investment Bank, less attractive and may reduce our overall ability to generate profits.

Our reputation is critical to the success of our business

Damage to our reputation can have fundamental negative effects on our business and prospects. Our reputation is critical to the success of our strategic plans. Reputational damage is difficult to reverse, and improvements tend to be slow and difficult to measure. This was demonstrated in recent years as our very large losses during the financial crisis, the US cross-border matter and other events seriously damaged our reputation. Reputational damage was an important factor in our loss of clients and client assets across our asset-gathering businesses, and contributed to our loss of and dif-

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Risk factors

ficulty in attracting staff, in 2008 and 2009. These developments had short-term and also more lasting adverse effects on our financial performance. We recognized that restoring our reputation would be essential to maintaining our relationships with clients, investors, regulators and the general public, as well as with our employees. The unauthorized trading incident that we announced in September 2011 also adversely affected our reputation. Any further reputational damage could have a material adverse effect on our operational results and financial condition and on our ability to achieve our strategic goals and financial targets.

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Refer to the “Certain items affecting our results in 2011” sidebar for more information on the unauthorized trading incident

Our capital strength is important in supporting our strategy, client franchise and competitive position

Our capital position, as measured by the BIS tier 1, core and total capital ratios and the common equity tier 1 ratio under Basel III requirements, is determined by (i) RWA (credit, non-counterparty related, market and operational risk positions, measured and risk-weighted according to regulatory criteria) and (ii) eligible capital. Both RWA and eligible capital are subject to change. Eligible capital would be reduced if we experience net losses or losses through the other comprehensive income account, as determined for the purpose of the regulatory capital calculation.calculation, which may also render it more difficult or more costly for us to raise new capital. Eligible capital can also be reduced for a number of other reasons, including certain reductions in the ratings of securitization exposures, adverse currency movements directly affecting the value of equity, and prudential adjustments that may be required due to the valuation uncertainty associated with certain types of positions.positions, and changes in the value of certain pension fund assets recognized in other comprehensive income. RWA, on the other hand, are driven by our business activities and by changes in the risk profile of our exposures. For instance, substantial market

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Risk factors

volatility, a widening of credit spreads (the major driver of our value-at-risk), a change in regulatory treatment of certain positions (such as the application of market stresses in accordance with Basel 2.5 adopted in the last quarter of 2011), adverse currency movements, increased counterparty risk, or a deterioration in the economic environment, or increased operational risk could result in a rise in RWA. Any such reduction in eligible capital or increase in RWA could materially reduce our capital ratios.

The required levels and calculation of our regulatory capital and the calculation of our RWA are also subject to changes in regulatory requirements or their interpretation. We are subject to regulatory capital requirements imposed by FINMA, under which we have higher RWA than would be the case under BIS guidelines. Forthcomingthe Basel III guidelines as adopted by the Bank for International Settlements. The changes in the calculation of RWA under Basel III and FINMA requirements will(such as the revised treatment of certain securitization exposures under the Basel III framework) have significantly increaseincreased the level of our RWA and, therefore, have an adverse effect onadversely affected our capital ratios. We have announced plans to reduce RWA very substantially and to mitigate the effects of the changes in the RWA calculation. However, there is a risk that we will not be successful in pursuing our plans, either because we are unable to carry out fully the actions we have planned or because other business or regulatory developments to some degree counteract the benefit of our actions.

In addition to the risk-based capital requirements, FINMA has introducedwe are subject to a minimum leverage ratio which must be achievedrequirement for systemically important banks introduced by 1 January 2013.FINMA. The leverage ratio operates separately from the risk-based capital requirements, and, accordingly, under certain circumstances could constrain our business activities even if we are able to satisfy the risk-based capital requirements.

Changes in the Swiss requirements for risk-based capital or leverage ratios, whether pertaining to the minimum levels required for large Swiss banks or to the calculation thereof (including changes of the banking law under the “too-big-to-fail” measures), could have a material adverse effect on our business and could affect our competitive position internationally compared with institutions that are regulated under different regimes. Moreover, although

We may not be successful in executing our announced strategic plans

In October 2012, we announced a significant acceleration in the implementation of our strategy. The strategy includes transforming our Investment Bank to focus it on its traditional strengths, very significantly reducing Basel III RWA and further strengthening our capital position, and significantly reducing costs and improving efficiency across the Group. There is a risk that we will not be successful in pursuing our plans, including because we are unable to carry out fully the actions we have recently identifiedplanned, or that even if we are able to implement our strategy as planned its effects may differ from those intended.

As part of our strategy, we are exiting certain businessesbusiness lines, predominantly those formerly in the fixed income area of our Investment Bank that have been rendered less attractive by changes in regulation and market developments. Our Corporate Center is tasked with managing down the non-core assets previously in the Investment Bank

in the most value-accretive way for shareholders. As we wind down these positions and those in the Legacy Portfolio previously transferred to Corporate Center, we will incur losses if exit values are lower than the carrying values of these positions. This could be the result of market price declines or illiquid or volatile market conditions, or the result of other institutions seeking to dispose of similar assets contemporaneously. These same factors may make it impossible or inadvisable for us to effect the wind-downs and the corresponding reduction in RWA and balance sheet size as quickly as we have planned.

We also announced that we planintend to exitachieve incremental cost savings of CHF 3.4 billion above the CHF 2 billion cost savings program announced in responseAugust 2011 as a result of the actions we are taking in the Investment Bank and through further Group-wide efficiency measures. The success of our strategy and our ability to reach certain of the targets we have announced depends heavily on the effectiveness of the cost-saving and efficiency measures we are able to carry out. As is often the case with major cost-reduction and efficiency programs, our plans involve significant risks. Included among these are the risks that restructuring costs may be higher and may be recognized sooner than we have projected and that we may not be able to identify feasible cost-saving opportunities at the level of our savings objective that are also consistent with our business goals. In addition, when we implement our cost-saving and efficiency programs we may experience unintended consequences such as the loss or degradation of capabilities that we need in order to maintain our competitive position and achieve our targeted returns.

Our reputation is critical to the success of our business

Our reputation is critical to the success of our strategic plans. Damage to our reputation can have fundamental negative effects on our business and prospects. Reputational damage is difficult to reverse, and improvements tend to be slow and difficult to measure. This was demonstrated in recent years as our very large losses during the financial crisis, the US cross-border matter and other events seriously damaged our reputation. Reputational damage was an important factor in our loss of clients and client assets across our asset-gathering businesses, and contributed to our loss of and difficulty in attracting staff, in 2008 and 2009. These developments had short-term and also more lasting adverse effects on our financial performance, and we recognized that restoring our reputation would be essential to maintaining our relationships with clients, investors, regulators and the general public, as well as with our employees. More recently, the unauthorized trading incident announced in September 2011, and our involvement in the LIBOR scandal also adversely affected our reputation. Any further reputational damage could have a material adverse effect on our operational results and financial condition and on our ability to achieve our strategic goals and financial targets.

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Refer to the “Certain items affecting our results in 2011” sidebar in our annual report for 2011 for more information on the unauthorized trading incident

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Operating environment and strategy

Material legal and regulatory risks arise in the conduct of our business

The nature of our business subjects us to significant regulatory oversight and liability risk. As a global financial services firm operating in more than 50 countries, we are subject to many different legal, tax and regulatory regimes. We are involved in a variety of claims, disputes, legal proceedings and government investigations in jurisdictions where we are active. These proceedings expose us to substantial monetary damages and legal defense costs, injunctive relief and criminal and civil penalties, in addition to potential regulatory restrictions on our businesses. The outcome of most of these matters, and their potential effect on our future business or financial results, is extremely difficult to predict.

We continue to be subject to government inquiries and investigations, and are involved in a number of litigations and disputes, which arose out of the financial crisis of 2007–2009. We are also subject to a large number of claims, disputes, legal proceedings and government investigations unrelated to the financial crisis, and expect that our ongoing business activities will continue to give rise to such matters in the future. Potentially material matters to which we are currently subject include claims relating to US RMBS and mortgage loan sales, Swiss retrocessions, LIBOR-related matters and the Banco UBS Pactual tax indemnity.

In December 2012, we announced settlements totaling approximately CHF 1.4 billion in fines by and disgorgements to US, UK and Swiss authorities to resolve LIBOR-related investigations with those authorities. UBS Securities Japan Co. Ltd. also pled guilty to one count of wire fraud relating to the manipulation of certain benchmark interest rates. The settlements do not resolve investigations by other authorities or civil claims that have been or may in the future be asserted by private and governmental claimants with respect to submissions for LIBOR or other benchmark interest rates. The extent of our financial exposure to these remaining matters is extremely difficult to estimate and could be material.

    The LIBOR-related settlements starkly illustrate the much-increased level of financial risk now associated with regulatory matters and regulatory enforcement in major jurisdictions, particularly in the US and UK. These very large amounts were assessed, and the guilty plea of a UBS subsidiary was required, in spite of our full cooperation with the authorities in their investigations, as a result of which we were granted conditional leniency or conditional immunity with respect to certain benchmark interest rates by antitrust authorities in a number of jurisdictions including the US and Switzerland. We understand that, in determining the consequences to UBS, the US authorities took into account the fact that UBS has in the recent past been determined to have engaged in serious misconduct in a number of other matters. As a result of this history and regulatory perception, UBS’s level of risk with respect to regulatory enforcement may be greater than that of peer institutions.

Considering our overall exposures and business changes, changesthe current regulatory and political climate affecting financial institutions, we expect charges associated with legal, regulatory and similar matters to remain at elevated levels at least through 2013.

UBS is determined to address the issues that have arisen in the calculationabove and other matters in a thorough and constructive manner. We are in active dialogue with our regulators concerning the actions that we are taking to improve our operational risk management and control framework. Ever since our losses in 2007 and 2008, we have been subject to a very high level of capital requirements or other regulatory changes may render uneconomicscrutiny and to certain other businesses conductedregulatory measures that constrain our strategic flexibility. While we believe that we have remediated the deficiencies that led to the material losses during the 2007–2009 financial crisis, the unauthorized trading incident announced in September 2011 and the LIBOR-related settlements, the effects of these matters on our reputation and relationships with regulatory authorities have proven to be more difficult to overcome. For example, following the unauthorized trading incident FINMA informed us that we would not be permitted to undertake acquisitions in our Investment Bank orunit (unless FINMA granted an exception), and that material new business initiatives in other business divisions, or may undermine their viabilitythat unit would be subject to FINMA oversight. Although we have significantly enhanced our operational risk management and control framework in other ways. The reduction or eliminationgeneral and specifically addressed the deficiencies highlighted by the unauthorized trading incident in particular, these special restrictions have not been withdrawn by FINMA to date, pending independent confirmation of linesthe effectiveness of business couldthese enhancements to FINMA’s satisfaction. As this example illustrates, difficulties associated with our relationships with regulatory authorities have the potential to adversely affect the execution of our competitive position, particularly if competitors are subject to different requirements under which those activities continue to be sustainable.business strategy.

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Refer to “Note 23 Provisions and contingent liabilities” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on litigation, regulatory and similar matters

Performance in the financial services industry is affected by market conditions and the economicmacroeconomic climate

The financial services industry prospers in conditions of economic growth; stable geopolitical conditions; transparent, liquid and buoyant capital markets and positive investor sentiment. An economic downturn, inflationcontinued low interest rates or a severe financial crisis can negatively affect our revenues and ultimately our capital base.

    A market downturn and weak macroeconomic conditions can be precipitated by a number of factors, including geopolitical events, changes in monetary or fiscal policy, trade imbalances, natural disasters, pandemics, civil unrest, war or terrorism. Because financial markets are global and highly interconnected, even local and regional events can have widespread impacts well beyond the countries in which they occur. A crisis could develop, regionally or globally, as a result of disruptions in emerging markets whichas well as developed markets that are susceptible to macroeconomic and political developments, or as a result of the failure of a major market participant. We have material exposures to certain emerging market economies,a

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Risk factors

number of these markets, both as a wealth manager and as an investment bank. As our presence and business in emerging markets increases, and asMoreover, our strategic plans depend more heavily upon our ability to generate growth and revenue in the emerging markets, we becomecausing us to be more exposed to these risks.the risks associated with them. The ongoing eurozone crisis demonstratesand the unresolved US fiscal issues demonstrate that suchmacroeconomic and political developments even in more developed markets, can have similarly unpredictable and destabilizing effects. Adverse developments of these kinds have affected our businesses in a number of ways, and may continue to have further adverse effects on our businesses as follows:

 

a general reduction in business activity and market volumes, as we have experienced in recent quarters,the last two years, affects fees, commissions and margins from market-making and client-driven transactions and activities; local or regional economic factors, such as the ongoing eurozone sovereign debt and banking industry concerns, could also have an effect on us;

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Operating environment and strategy

 

a market downturn is likely to reduce the volume and valuations of assets we manage on behalf of clients, reducing our asset- and performance-based fees;

a further extended period of low interest rates will continue to erode interest margins in several of our businesses;

 

reduced market liquidity limits trading and arbitrage opportunities and impedes our ability to manage risks, impacting both trading income and performance-based fees;

 

assets we own and account for as investments or trading positions could fall in value;

 

impairments and defaults on credit exposures and on trading and investment positions could increase, and losses may be exacerbated by falling collateral values; and

 

if individual countries impose restrictions on cross-border payments or other exchange or capital controls, or change their currency (for example, if one or more countries should leave the euro), we could suffer losses from enforced default by counterparties, be unable to access our own assets, or be impeded in – or prevented from – managing our risks.

Because we have very substantial exposures to other major financial institutions, the failure of one or more of such institutions could have a material effect on us.

The developments mentioned above can materially affect the performance of our business units and of UBS as a whole, and ultimately our financial condition. ThereAs discussed below, there is also a somewhat related risk that the carrying value of goodwill of a business unit might suffer impairments and deferred tax assets levels may need to be adjusted.

We hold legacy and other risk positions that may be adversely affected by conditions in the financial markets; legacy risk positions may be difficult to liquidate

UBS, like other financial market participants, was severely affected by the financial crisis that began in 2007. The deterioration of financial

markets since the beginning of the crisis was extremely severe by historical standards, and we recorded substantial losses on fixed income trading positions, particularly in 2008 and to a lesser extent in 2009. Although we have very significantly reduced our risk exposures starting in 2008, in part through transfers in 2008 and 2009 to a fund controlled by the SNB,more recently as we implement our strategy and focus on complying with Basel III capital standards, we continue to hold substantial legacy risk positions, the value of which was reduced significantly by the financial crisis.positions. In many cases these risk positions continue to be illiquid, and have not recovered much of their lostwe remain exposed to the risk that the remaining positions may again deteriorate in value. In the fourth quarter of 2008 and the first quarter of 2009, certain of these positions were reclassified for accounting purposes from fair value to amortized cost; these assets are subject to possible impairment due to changes in market interest rates and other factors.

We have announced and begun to carryare carrying out plans to reduce drastically the risk-weighted assetsRWA associated with theour non-core and legacy risk positions, but thepositions. There can be no assurance that we will be able to liquidate them as quickly as our plans suggest, or that we will not incur significant losses in doing so. The continued illiquidity and complexity of many of thesethe legacy risk positions in particular could make it difficult to sell or otherwise liquidate these exposures.positions. At the same time, our strategy rests heavily on our ability to reduce sharply the risk-weighted assetsRWA associated with these exposures in order to meet our future capital targets and requirements without incurring unacceptable losses. In addition, if in the future we exercise our option to acquire the equity of the SNB StabFund from subsidiaries of the Swiss National Bank, any positions remaining in that fund could augment our risk exposure and RWA until they can be liquidated.

We hold positions related to real estate in various countries, including a very substantial Swiss mortgage portfolio, and we could suffer losses on these positions. These positions include a very substantial Swiss mortgage portfolio. Although management believes that this portfolio has been very prudently managed, we could nevertheless be exposed to losses if the concerns expressed by the Swiss National Bank and others about unsustainable price escalation in the Swiss real estate market come to fruition.

In addition, we are exposed to risk in our prime brokerage, reverse repo and Lombard lending activities, as the value or liquidity of the assets against which we provide financing may decline rapidly.

Our global presence subjects us to risk from currency fluctuations

We prepare our consolidated financial statements in Swiss francs. However, a substantial portion of our assets, liabilities, invested assets, revenues and expenses are denominated in other currencies, particularly the US dollar, the euro and the British pound. Accordingly, changes in foreign exchange rates, particularly between the Swiss franc and the US dollar (US dollar revenue accountsrevenues account for the largest portion of our non-Swiss franc revenue)revenues) have an effect on our reported income and expenses, and on other reported figures such as invested assets, balance sheet assets, RWA and tier 1 capital. For example, in 2011 the strengthening of the Swiss franc, especially against the US dollar and euro, which occurred during 2011,

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had an adverse effect on our revenues and invested assets. SinceBecause exchange rates are subject to constant change, sometimes for completely unpredictable reasons, our results are subject to risks associated with changes in the relative values of currencies.

We are dependent upon our risk management and control processes to avoid or limit potential losses in our trading and counterparty credit businesses

Controlled risk-taking is a major part of the business of a financial services firm. Credit is an integral part of many of our retail, corporate, wealth management and Investment Bank activities. This includes lending, underwriting and derivatives businesses and positions.activities. Changes in interest rates, credit spreads, equity prices, market volatility and liquidity, foreign exchange levels and other market fluctuations can adversely affect our earnings. Some losses from risk-taking activities are inevitable, but to be successful over time, we must balance the risks we take against the returns we generate. We must, therefore, diligently identify, assess, manage and control our risks, not only in normal market conditions but also as they might develop under more extreme (stressed) conditions, when concentrations of exposures can lead to severe losses.

As seen during the financial crisis of 2007–2009, we are not always able to prevent serious losses arising from extreme or sudden market events that are not anticipated by our risk measures and systems. Value-at-risk, a statistical measure for market risk, is derived from historical market data, and thus by definition could not have anticipated the losses suffered in the stressed conditions of the financial crisis. Moreover, stress loss and concentration controls and the dimensions in which we aggregate risk to identify potentially highly correlated exposures proved to be inadequate. Notwithstanding the steps we have taken to strengthen our risk management and control frame-

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Risk factors

work,framework, we could suffer further losses in the future if, for example:

 

we do not fully identify the risks in our portfolio, in particular risk concentrations and correlated risks;

 

our assessment of the risks identified or our response to negative trends proves to be inadequate, insufficient or incorrect;

 

markets move in ways that we do not expect in terms of their speed, direction, severity or correlation – and our ability to manage risks in the resultant environment is, therefore, affected;

 

third parties to whom we have credit exposure or whose securities we hold for our own account are severely affected by events not anticipated by our models, and accordingly we suffer defaults and impairments beyond the level implied by our risk assessment; or

 

collateral or other security provided by our counterparties proves inadequate to cover their obligations at the time of their default.

We also manage risk on behalf of our clients in our asset and wealth management businesses. Our performance in these activities could be harmed by the same factors. If clients suffer losses or the performance of their assets held with us is not in line with relevant benchmarks

against which clients assess investment performance, we may suffer reduced fee income and a decline in assets under management, or withdrawal of mandates.

If we decide to support a fund or another investment that we sponsor in our asset or wealth management businesses (such as the property fund to which Wealth Management & Swiss Bank has exposure), we might, depending on the facts and circumstances, incur charges that could increase to material levels.

Investment positions, such as equity holdings made as a part of strategic initiatives and seed investments made at the inception of funds that we manage, may also be affected by market risk factors. These investments are often not liquid and generally are intended or required to be held beyond a normal trading horizon. They are subject to a distinct control framework. Deteriorations in the fair value of these positions would have a negative impact on our earnings.

Valuations of certain assetspositions rely on models; models have inherent limitations and may use inputs which have no observable source

Where possible, we mark our trading book assets and other positions at their quoted market price in an active market. Such price information may not be available for certain instruments and, therefore, we apply valuation techniques to measure such instruments. Valuation techniques use “market observable inputs” where available, derived from similar assetsinstruments in similar and active markets, from recent transaction prices for comparable items or from other observable market data. In the case of positions for which some or all of the inputs required for the valuation techniques are not observable or have limited observability, we use valuation models with non-market observable inputs. There is no single market standard for valuation models of this type. Such models have inherent limitations; different assumptions and inputs would generate different results, and these differences could have a significant impact on our financial results. We regularly review and update our valuation models to incorporate all factors that market participants would consider

in setting a price, including factoring in current market conditions. Judgment is an important component of this process. Changes in model inputs or in the models themselves, or failure to make the changes necessary to reflect evolving market conditions, could have a material adverse effect on our financial results.

We are exposed to possible outflows of client assets in our wealth managementasset-gathering businesses and asset management businessesto changes affecting the profitability of our Wealth Management business division

We experienced substantial net outflows of client assets in our wealth management and asset management businesses in 2008 and 2009. The net outflows resulted from a number of different factors, including our substantial losses, the damage to our reputation, the loss of client advisors, difficulty in recruiting qualified client

Operating environment and strategy

Risk factors

advisors and developments concerning our cross-border private banking business. Many of these factors have been successfully addressed, as evidenced by our overalladdressed. Our Wealth Management and Wealth Management Americas business divisions recorded substantial net new money inflows in 2011, but others, such as the long-term2012. Long-term changes affecting the cross-border private banking business model will, however, continue to affect client flows in our Wealth Management business division for an extended period of time. IfOne of the important drivers behind the longer-term reduction in the amount of cross-border private banking assets, particularly in Europe, is the heightened focus of fiscal authorities on cross-border investments. Changes in local tax laws or regulations and their enforcement may affect the ability or the willingness of our clients to do business with us or the viability of our strategies and business model. In 2012, we experience again materialexperienced net withdrawals in our Swiss booking center from clients domiciled elsewhere in Europe, in many cases related to the negotiation of tax treaties between Switzerland and other countries, including the treaty with Germany that was ultimately not ratified by Germany.

The net new money inflows in recent years in our Wealth Management business division have come predominantly from clients in Asia-Pacific and in the emerging markets and in the high net worth segment globally. Over time, inflows from these lower-margin segments and markets have been replacing outflows from higher-margin segments and markets, in particular cross-border European clients. This dynamic, combined with changes in client product preferences as a result of which low-margin products account for a larger share of our revenues than in the past, put downward pressure on our return on invested assets. There can be no assurance that efforts by the business to overcome the effects of the changes in the business mix on gross margin, such as through service improvements and product offerings, will be sufficiently successful to counteract those effects. We are also making changes to our business offerings and pricing practices in line with emerging industry trends favoring price transparency and recent legal and regulatory developments, including the Swiss Supreme Court case concerning “retrocessions”. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in our efforts to offset the adverse impact of these trends and developments.

In 2012, Global Asset Management experienced a net outflow of client assets. Further net outflows of client assets are likely over time to adversely affect the results of our wealth management and asset management businesses are likely to be adversely affected.the business division.

Liquidity and funding management are critical to our ongoing performance

The viability of our business depends upon the availability of funding sources, and its success depends upon our ability to obtain funding at times, in amounts, for tenors and at rates that enable us to efficiently support our asset base in all market conditions. A substantial part of our liquidity and funding requirements is met using short-term unsecured funding sources, including wholesale and retail deposits and the regular issuance of money market securities. The volume of our funding

sources has generally been stable, but could change in the future due to, among other things, general market disruptions or widening credit spreads, which could also influence the cost of funding. A change in the availability of short-term funding could occur quickly.

Reductions in our credit ratings can increase our funding costs, in particular with regard to funding from wholesale unsecured sources, and can affect the availability of certain kinds of funding. In addition, as we experienced recently in recent years,connection with Moody’s downgrading of our long-term rating in June 2012, ratings downgrades can require us to post additional collateral or make additional cash payments under master trading agreements relating to our derivatives businesses. Our credit ratings, together with our capital strength and reputation, also contribute to maintaining client and counterparty confidence and it is possible that ratings changes could influence the performance of some of our businesses.

The more stringent Basel III capital and liquidity requirements will likely lead to increased competition for both secured funding and deposits as a stable source of funding, and to higher funding costs.

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Refer to the “Risk, treasury and capital management” section of this report for more information on our approach to liquidity and funding management

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Operating environment and strategy

Operational risks may affect our business

All of our businesses are dependent on our ability to process a large number of complex transactions across multiple and diverse markets in different currencies, to comply with requirements of many different legal and regulatory regimes to which we are subject and to prevent, or promptly detect and stop, unauthorized, fictitious or fraudulent transactions. Our operational risk management and control systems and processes are designed to help ensure that the risks associated with our activities, including those arising from process error, failed execution, unauthorized trading, fraud, system failures, cyber-attacks, breaches of information security and failure of security and physical protection, are appropriately controlled. If

For example, cyber crime is a fast growing threat to large organizations that rely on technology to support its business, like UBS. Cyber crime can range from internet based attacks that interfere with the organizations’ internet websites, to more sophisticated crimes that target the organizations, as well as their clients, and seek to gain unauthorized access to technology systems in efforts to disrupt business, steal money or obtain sensitive information.

A major focus of US governmental policy relating to financial institutions in recent years has been fighting money laundering and terrorist financing. Regulations applicable to us and our subsidiaries impose obligations to maintain effective policies, procedures and controls to detect, prevent and report money laundering and terrorist financing, and to verify the identity of their clients. Failure to maintain and implement adequate programs to combat money laundering and terrorist financing could have serious consequences, both in legal terms and in terms of our reputation.

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Operating environment and strategy

Although we are continuously adapting our capability to detect and respond to the risks described above, if our internal controls fail or prove ineffective in identifying and remedying such risksthem we could suffer operational failures that might result in material losses, such as the loss from the unauthorized trading incident announced in September 2011.

Participation in high-volume and high-frequency trading activities, even in the execution of client-driven business, can also expose us to operational risks. Our loss in the second quarter of 2012 relating to the Facebook initial public offering illustrates the exposure participants in these activities have to unexpected results arising not only from their own systems and processes but also from the behavior of exchanges, clearing systems and other third parties and from the performance of third party systems.

Certain types of operational control weaknesses and failures could also adversely affect our ability to prepare and publish accurate and timely financial reports. We identified control deficiencies following the unauthorized trading incident announced in September 2011, and management determined that we had a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting as of the end of 2010 and 2011, although this has not affected the reliability of our financial statements for either year.

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Refer to the “Update on internal control over financial reporting” and the “Management’s report on internal control over financial reporting” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Legal claims and regulatory risks and restrictions ariseIn addition, despite the contingency plans we have in place, our ability to conduct business may be adversely affected by a disruption in the conduct ofinfrastructure that supports our business

Due tobusinesses and the nature of our business,communities in which we are subjectlocated. This may include a disruption due to regulatory oversightnatural disasters, pandemics, civil unrest, war or terrorism and liability risk. We are involved in a variety of claims, disputes, legal proceedings and government investigations in jurisdictions whereinvolve electrical, communications, transportation or other services used by us or third parties with whom we are active. These proceedings expose us to substantial monetary damages and legal defense costs, injunctive relief and criminal and civil penalties, in addition to potential regulatory restrictions on our businesses. The outcome of these matters cannot be predicted and they could adversely affect our future business or financial results. We continue to be subject to government inquiries and investigations, and are involved in a number of litigations and disputes, many of which arose out of the financial crisis of 2007–2009. The unauthorized trading incident announced in September 2011 has triggered a joint investigation by FINMA and the UK Financial Services Authority and separate enforcement proceedings by the two authorities. We are also subject to potentially material exposure in connection with claims relating to US RMBS and mortgage loan sales, the Madoff investment fraud, Lehman principal protection notes, LIBOR rate submissions and other matters.conduct business.

We are in active dialogue with our regulators concerning the actions that we are taking to improve our operational and risk management

controls, processes and systems. Ever since our losses in 2007 and 2008, we have been subject to a very high level of regulatory scrutiny and to certain regulatory measures that constrain our strategic flexibility. While we believe that we have largely remediated the deficiencies that led to the material losses during the recent financial crisis, the unauthorized trading incident announced in September 2011 has revealed different shortcomings that we are also urgently addressing. The unauthorized trading incident has presented us with further challenges and potential constraints on the execution of our business strategy, as we seek once again to enhance our operational and control framework and demonstrate its effectiveness to regulatory authorities. Notwithstanding the remediation we have already completed and which is in process, the consequences of the ongoing regulatory review and enforcement proceedings arising from the incident cannot be predicted.

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Refer to “Note 21 Provisions and contingent liabilities” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on litigation and regulatory matters and other contingent liabilities

We might be unable to identify or capture revenue or competitive opportunities, or retain and attract qualified employees

The financial services industry is characterized by intense competition, continuous innovation, detailed (and sometimes fragmented) regulation and ongoing consolidation. We face competition at the level of local markets and individual business lines, and from global financial institutions that are comparable to UBS in their size and breadth. Barriers to entry in individual markets and pricing levels are being eroded by new technology. We expect these trends to continue and competition to increase.

Our competitive strength and market position could be eroded if we are unable to identify market trends and developments, do not respond to them by devising and implementing adequate business strategies, adequately developing or updating our technology, particularly in trading businesses, or are unable to attract or retain the qualified people needed to carry them out.

The amount and structure of our employee compensation are affected not only by our business results but also by competitive factors and regulatory considerations. Constraints on the amount or structure of employee compensation, higher levels of deferral, and claw-backs and performance conditions and other circumstances triggering the forfeiture of unvested awards may adversely affect our ability to retain and attract key

employees, and may in turn negatively affect our business performance. Starting withReductions in the performance year 2009, the portionamount of variable compensation grantedawarded for performance year 2012 have caused our total compensation for certain categories of employees, mainly in the formInvestment Bank and the Corporate Center, to be lower than is the case for peer institutions. In addition, changes that we have made to the terms of compensation awards may place us ahead of peers in adjusting compensation terms to the demands of various stakeholders, including regulatory authorities and shareholders. These terms include the introduction of a deferred shares was much higher thancontingent capital plan with many of the features of the loss-absorbing capital that we have issued in the past. Althoughmarket but with a higher capital ratio writedown trigger, increased average deferral periods for stock awards, and expanded forfeiture provisions for certain awards linked to business performance. These changes, while intended to better align the interests of our peers have over time also increased their deferral percentages, we continue to be subject tostaff with those of other stakeholders, increase the risk that key employees will be attracted by competitors and decide to leave UBS, orand that we may be less successful than our competitors in attracting qualified employees. Regulatory constraintsThe loss of key staff and pressure from regulatorsinability to attract qualified replacements, depending upon which and other stakeholders affect not only UBS but also the other major international banks, but some ofhow many roles are affected, could seriously compromise our peers may have a competitive advantage dueability to differences in the requirementsexecute our strategy and intensity of pressure among different jurisdictions.

to successfully improve our operating and control environment.

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Refer to the “Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation” section of this report for more information on our compensation awards and programs


Operating environment and strategy

Risk factors

Our financial results may be negatively affected by changes to accounting standards

We are required to report our results and financial position in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.Board (IASB). Changes to IFRS or interpretations thereof may mean thatcause our future reported results and financial position to differ in the future from those expected.current expectations. Such changes also may affect our regulatory capital and ratios. WhenFor example, in 2012 UBS adopted the revised international accounting standard IAS 19 Employee Benefits, which affected both our financial position and our regulatory capital. UBS monitors potential accounting changes and when these are finalized by the IASB, UBS assessesdetermines the potential impact and discloses significant future changes in its financial statements. Currently, there are a number of finalized andissued but not yet effective IFRS changes, as well as potential accountingIFRS changes, that are expected to impact our reported results, financial position and regulatory capital in the future.

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Refer to the “Financial Information” section of this report for more information on changes in accounting requirements

Our financial results may be negatively affected by changes to assumptions supporting the value of our goodwill

The goodwill we have recognized on the respective balance sheets of our balance sheetoperating segments is tested for impairment at least annually. Our impairment test in respect of the assets recognized as of

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Operating environment and strategy

Risk factors

31 December 20112012 indicated that the value of our goodwill is not impaired. The impairment test is based on assumptions regarding estimated earnings, discount rates and long-term growth rates impacting the recoverable amount of each segment and on estimates of the carrying amounts of the segments to which the goodwill relates. If the estimated earnings and other assumptions in future periods deviate from the current outlook, the value of our goodwill may become impaired in the future, giving rise to losses in the income statement.

We are exposed to risks arising from In the different regulatory, legalthird quarter of 2012, for example, the recognition by the Investment Bank of a full impairment of goodwill and tax regimes applicable to our global businesses

We operateof an impairment of other non-financial assets resulted in more than 50 countries, earn income and hold assets and liabilities in many different currencies and are subject to many different legal, tax and regulatory regimes. Our ability to execute our global strategy depends on obtaining and maintaining local regulatory approvals. This includes the approvala charge of acquisitions or other transactions and the ability to obtain and maintain the necessary licenses to operate in local markets. Changes in local tax laws or regulations and their enforcement may affect the ability or the willingness of our clients to do business with us or the viability of our strategies and business model.almost CHF 3.1 billion against UBS’s operating profit before tax.

The effects of taxes on our financial results are significantly influenced by changes in our deferred tax assets and final determinations on audits by tax authorities

The deferred tax assets we have recognized on our balance sheet as of 31 December 20112012 in respect of prior years’ tax losses are based on future profitability assumptions over a five-year horizon.as indicated by the business plans. If the business plan

earnings and assumptions in future periods substantially deviate from the current outlook,forecasts, the amount of recognized deferred tax assets may need to be adjusted in the future. This could include write-offswriteoffs of deferred tax assets through the income statement if actual results come in substantially below the business plan forecasts and /or if future business plan forecasts are revised downward substantially.statement.

In the coming years, our effective tax rate will be highly sensitive both to our performance and to the developmentaccuracy of new business plan forecasts. Currently unrecognized deferred tax assets in the UK and especially the US could be recognized if our actual and forecasted performance in those countries is strong enough to justify further recognition of deferred tax assets under the governing accounting standard. Our results in recent periods have demonstrated that changes in the recognition of deferred tax assets can have a very significant effect on our reported results. If for example, the Group’s performance in the UK and especiallyis strong, particularly in the US, is strong,UK and Switzerland, we could be expected to write uprecognize additional US and / or UK deferred tax assets in the coming years. The effect of doing so would be to significantly reduce the Group’s effective tax rate in years in which any write upsadditional deferred tax assets are made.recognized. Conversely, if our performance in those countries does not justify additionalis weaker than expected, we may be required to write off all or a portion of currently recognized deferred tax recognition, but nevertheless supports our maintaining current deferredassets through the income statement. This would have the effect of

increasing the Group’s effective tax levels,rate in the year in which any write offs are taken.

In the first half of 2013, we expect the Group’s effective tax rate to be in the rangeregion of 25–30%. The expected tax rate is higher than the normal expected effective tax rate of 20–25% (althoughbecause the net profit for the group in 2013 may reflect losses for some legal entities or parent bank branches for which we may not obtain a tax benefit. In addition, the actual tax rate may differ iffall outside the aforementioned tax rate range to the extent that there are significant book tax adjustments that affect taxable profits. Also, the full year tax rate may depend on the extent to which generally mainly affect Swiss taxable profits,deferred tax assets are revalued during 2013 and the level of profitability for example own credit gains/ losses).the year.

Our effective tax rate is also sensitive to any future reductions in statutory tax rates, particularly in the US and Switzerland, whichSwitzerland. Reductions in the statutory tax rate would cause the expected future tax savingbenefit from items such as tax loss carry-forwards in thosethe affected locations to diminish in value. This in turn would cause a write-downwritedown of the associated deferred tax assets.

Additionally, the final effect of income taxes we accrue in the accounts is often only determined after the completion of tax audits (which generally takes a number of years) or the expiry of statutes of limitations. In addition, statutory and regulatory changes, as well as changes to the way in which courts and judicial interpretation of,tax authorities interpret tax laws or policies and practices of tax authorities could cause the amount of taxes ultimately paid by UBS to materially differ from the amount accrued.

    InSeparately, in 2011 the UK government introduced a balance sheet based levy payable by banks operating and / or resident in the UK. An expense for the year of CHF 109124 million has been recognized in operating expenses (within pre-tax profit) in the fourth quarter of 2011. In November 2011 the UK government announced its intention to increase the rate of the levy by 17% from 1 January 2012. The Group’s bank levy expense for future years will depend on both the rate and the Group’s taxable UK liabilities at each year end:end; changes to either factor could increase the cost. Whilst not yet certain,This expense will likely increase if, for example, we change our booking practices to reduce or eliminate our utilization of UBS AG London branch as a global booking center for the ongoing business of the Investment Bank and consequently book more liabilities into our UK bank subsidiary, UBS Limited. We expect that the annual bank levy expense will continue to be recognized for IFRS purposes as a one-off cost arising in the final quarter of each financial year, rather than being accrued throughout the year, as it is charged by reference to the year-end balance sheet position.

 

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Financial and operating performance

Critical accounting policies

 

Critical accounting policies

 

Basis of preparation and selection of policies

We prepare our Financialconsolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.Board (IASB). The application of certain of these accounting principlesstandards requires considerable judgment based upon estimates and assumptions that involve significant uncertainty at the time they are made. Estimates and judgments are continuallyregularly evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

The application of assumptions and estimates means that any selection of different assumptions could cause the reported results to differ. Changes in assumptions may have a significant impact on the Financialfinancial statements in the periods when assumptions are changed.

We believe that the assumptions we have made are appropriate, and that our financial statements therefore present the financial position and results fairly in all material respects. The alternative outcomes discussed below are presented solely to assist the reader in understanding the uncertainty inherent in the estimates and assumptions used in our financial statements. They are not intended to suggest that other assumptions would be more appropriate.

Accounting policies that are deemed critical to our results and financial position, in terms of materiality of the items to which the policy is applied, and which involve significant assumptions and estimates, are discussed in this section. A broader and more detailed description of theour significant accounting policies that we use is included in “Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies” in the “Financial information” section of this report.

The applicationConsolidation of assumptionsspecial purpose entities

We sponsor the formation of special purpose entities (SPE) and estimates meansinteract with non-sponsored SPE for a variety of reasons, including allowing clients to obtain or be exposed to specific risk and reward profiles, to provide funding or to sell or purchase credit risk. In accordance with IFRS, we do not consolidate special purpose entities that any selectionwe do not control. In determining whether or not we control an SPE, we evaluate a range of different assumptions could causefactors, including whether (i) the reported resultsactivities of the SPE are being conducted on our behalf according to differ. We believeour specific business needs so that we obtain the assumptionsbenefits from the SPE operations, or (ii) we have madedecision­making powers to obtain the majority of the benefits of the activities of the SPE, or we have delegated these decision-making powers by setting up an autopilot mechanism, or (iii) we have the right to obtain the majority of the benefits of the activities of an SPE and, therefore, may be exposed to risks arising from the activities of the SPE,

or (iv) we retain the majority of the residual or ownership risks related to the SPE or its assets in order to obtain the benefits from its activities. In many instances, elements are appropriate,present that, considered in isolation, indicate control or lack of control over an SPE, but when considered together require a significant degree of judgment to reach a conclusion. The exposure to volatility in profits and the absorption of risks and rewards, as well as the ability to make operational decisions for the SPE in question, are generally the factors to which most weight is given in reaching a conclusion.

With effect from 1 January 2013, UBS will adopt IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements, issued by the IASB in May 2011. IFRS 10 applies to all types of entities and is based on the existing principle that our Financial statements therefore presentan entity should consolidate all other entities that it controls. The definition of control in IFRS 10 focuses on the financial positionpresence of power, exposure to variable returns and results fairlythe ability to utilize power to affect an entity’s own returns. IFRS 10 will continue to require a significant degree of judgment in all material respects. The alternative outcomes discussed below are presented solely to assist the reader in understanding our Financial statements. They aredetermining whether or not intended to suggest that other assumptions wouldanother entity should be more appropriate.consolidated.

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Refer to “Note 1a) 3) Subsidiaries” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Fair value of financial instruments

UBS carries a significant portion of its assets and liabilities at fair value. Under IFRS the relative uncertainty associated with the measurement of fair value is represented by a three-level valuation hierarchy. The best evidence of fair values ofvalue is a quoted price in an actively traded market (Level 1). In the event that the market for a financial instruments where noinstrument is not active, market exists or where quoted prices are not otherwise available, are determined by usinga valuation techniques.technique is used. In these cases, the fair values arevalue is estimated using observable data in respect of similar financial instruments, as well as financial models. Where market observableLevel 2 of the hierarchy pertains to instruments for which inputs to a valuation technique are not available, inputs are estimatedprincipally based on appropriate assumptions. observable market data. Level 3 applies to instruments that are measured by a valuation technique that incorporates one or more significant unobservable inputs. Valuation techniques that rely to a greater extent on unobservable inputs require a higher level of management judgment to calculate a fair value than those based wholly on observable inputs.

Where valuation techniques or models are used to determine fair values, they are periodically reviewed and validated by qualified personnel independent of those who sourced them. Models are calibrated to ensure that outputs reflect actual data and comparativecomparable market prices. Where practicable, modelsModels use only observable data; however, areas suchdata where available so as default rates, volatilities and correlations require management to make estimates.minimize the use of unobservable inputs, but judgment is required in selecting inputs for which observable data is less readily available.

Financial and operating performance

The valuation techniques or models employed may not fully reflect all the factors relevant to the positions we hold. Valuations are therefore adjusted, where appropriate, to allow for additional factors, including model risk, liquidity risk and credit risk. We use different

approaches to calculate the credit risk, depending on the classificationnature of a financial instrument at fair value.the instrument. A credit valuation adjustment approach based on an expected exposure profile is used to adjust the fair value ofPositive replacement valuesto reflect counterparty credit risk if deemed necessary.risk. Correspondingly, a debit valuation adjustment approach is applied to incorporate own credit risk in the fair value of uncollateralizedNegative replacement valuesvalues.. Own credit risk forFinancial liabilities designated at fair valueis calculated using the funds transfer price curve.

As ofat 31 December 2011,2012, financial assets and financial liabilities for which valuation techniques or models are used and whose inputs are considered observable (level 2) amounted to CHF 550475 billion and CHF 561485 billion, respectively. Financial assets and financial liabilities whose valuations include significant unobservable inputs (level 3) amounted to CHF 2520 billion and CHF 2421 billion, respectively.

ChangesImprecision in assumptions for input factors wouldestimating unobservable market inputs can affect the reportedamount of gain or loss recorded for a particular position. While the Group believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with those of other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments. instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date.

If management had used reasonably possible alternative assumptions for our level 3 instruments accounted for at fair value through profit or loss, the net fair value of non-derivative instruments would have been up to CHF 0.6 billion higher or lower than the amounts recognized on our balance sheet on 31 December 2011.2012. Similarly, the net fair value of derivative instruments would have been up to CHF 1.10.6 billion higher or lower than the amounts recognized on our balance sheet onat 31 December 2011.2012.

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Refer to “Note 2627 Fair value of financial instruments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on valuation

Impairment of loans and receivables measured at amortized cost

Loan impairment allowances represent management’s best estimate of losses incurred in the lending portfolio at the balance sheet date. The loan portfolio, which is measured at amortized cost less impairment, consists of financial assets presented on the balance sheet linesDue from banks and Loans, including reclassified securities. In addition, irrevocable loan commitments are tested for impairment as described below.

    Credit loss expense is recognized if there is objective evidence that the Group will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the original contractual terms or the equivalent value. Under this incurred loss model, a financial asset or group of financial assets is impaired only if there is objective evidence that a loss has

occurred by the balance sheet date. Management is required to exercise judgment in making assumptions and estimations when calculating impairment losses both on a counterparty-specific level and collectively.

The impairment loss for a loan is the excess of the carrying value of the financial asset over the estimated recoverable amount. The estimated recoverable amount is the present value, using the loan’s original effective interest rate, of expected future cash flows, including amounts that may result from restructuring or the liquidation of collateral. If a loan has a variable interest rate, the discount rate for measuring any impairment loss is the current effective interest rate. An allowance for credit losses is reported as a reduction of the carrying value of the financial asset on the balance sheet.

Our collective loan loss allowances are calculated for each homogeneous portfolio, taking into account historical loss experience and current conditions. The methodology and assumptions used are reviewed regularly to reduce any differences between estimated and actual loss experience. For all of our portfolios we also assess whether there have been any unforeseen developments which might result in impairments but which are not immediately observable. To determine whether an event-driven collective loan loss allowance is required, we consider global economic drivers to assess the most vulnerable countries and industries. Our current event-based collective loan loss allowance methodology considers the heightened credit risk arising from corporate clients in industries exposed to the recessionary effects in certain countries, combined with the strength of the Swiss franc.

Estimated cash flows associated with financial assets reclassified fromHeld for trading toLoans and receivables in accordance with the requirements in “Note 1a) 10) Loans and receivables” in the “Financial information” section of this report and other similar assets acquired subsequently are revised periodically. Adverse revisions in cash flow estimates related to credit events are recognized in profit or loss as credit loss expenses. For reclassified securities, increases in estimated future cash receipts (above those originally forecast at the date of reclassification) as a result of increased recoverability are recognized as an adjustment to the effective interest rate on the loan from the date of change.

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Refer to “Note 9 Due from banks and loans”, “Note 11 Allowances and provisions for credit losses” and “Note 28 Measurement categories of financial instrumentsassets and financial liabilities” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

On 31 December 2012, our gross loan portfolio was CHF 281 billion and the related allowances amounted to CHF 0.7 billion, of which CHF 33 million related to reclassified and similar acquired securities.

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Refer to “Note 1a) 11) Allowance and provision for credit losses” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Financial and operating performance

Critical accounting policies

Goodwill impairment test

UBS performs an impairment test on its goodwill assets on an annual basis, or when indicators of a potential impairment exist. TheOur segments are each considered cash-generating units; the impairment test is performed for each segment forto which goodwill is allocated and compares the recoverable amount and the carrying amount of the segment. An impairment charge is recognized if the carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount. The impairment test is based on a number of assumptions, as described further below.

The recoverable amount is determined using a discounted cash flow model, which usesincorporates inputs that consider features ofrelevant to the banking business and its regulatory environment. The recoverable amount of a segment is the sum of the discounted earnings attributable to shareholders from the first five individually forecasted years and the terminal value. The terminal value reflecting all periods beyond the fifth year is calculated on the basis of the forecast of fifth-year profit, the discount rate and the long-term growth rate.

The carrying amount for each segment is determined by reference to the equity attribution framework. Within this framework,

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Financial and operating performance

which is described in the “Capital management” section of this report, management attributes equity to the businesses after considering their risk exposure, risk-weighted assets usage, asset size, goodwill and intangible assets. The framework is used primarily for purposes of measuring the performance of the businesses and includes certain management assumptions. Attributed equity equates to the capital that a segment requires to conduct its business and is considered an appropriate starting point from which to determine the carrying value of the segments. The attributed equity methodology is aligned with the business planning process, the inputs from which are used in calculating the recoverable amounts of the respective cash-generating units.

Valuation parameters used within the Group’s impairment test model are linked to external market information, where applicable. The model used to determine the recoverable amount is most sensitive to changes in the forecast earnings available to shareholders in years one to five, to changes in the discount rates, and to changes in the long-term growth rate. The applied long-term growth rate is based on long-term economic growth rates for different regions worldwide. Earnings available to shareholders are estimated based on forecast results, which are part of the business plan approved by the Board of Directors. The discount rates are determined by applying a capital-asset-pricing-model-based approach, as well as considering quantitative and qualitative inputs from both internal and external analysts and the view of UBS’s management.

If the estimated earnings and other assumptions in future periods deviate from the current outlook, the value of our goodwill may become impaired in the future, giving rise to losses in the income statement. This may be the case if the regulatory pressure on the banking industry further intensifies and conditions in the financial markets diminish our performance relative to forecast. Recognition of any impairment of goodwill would reduce IFRS equity attributable to UBS shareholders and net profit. It would not impact cash flows and, as goodwill is required to be deducted from capital under the

Basel capital framework, there would be no impact tois expected on the BIS tier 1Group capital ratio or BIS total capital ratioratios.

Following the full impairment of the UBS Group.

AsCHF 3.0 billion of Investment Bank goodwill in the third quarter of 2012, as of 31 December 2011,2012, only the following fourthree segments carried goodwill: Wealth Management (CHF 1.3 billion), Wealth Management Americas (CHF 3.33.2 billion), and Global Asset Management (CHF 1.4 billion), and the Investment Bank (CHF 3.0 billion). On the basis of the impairment testing methodology described above, UBS concluded that the year-end 20112012 balances of goodwill allocated to its segments remain recoverable.

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Refer to “Note la)1a) 21) Goodwill and intangible assets” and “Note 1617 Goodwill and intangible assets” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

ImpairmentDeferred taxes

Deferred tax assets arise from a variety of loanssources, the most significant being the following: (i) tax losses that can be carried forward to be utilized against profits in future years; and receivables measured at amortized cost(ii) expenses recognized in our income statement that are not deductible until the associated cash flows occur.

Loan impairment allowances representWe record a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets to the amount which can be recognized in line with IAS 12 Income Taxes. The level of deferred tax asset recognition is influenced by management’s best estimateassessment of losses incurredour future profitability based on relevant business plan forecasts. Existing assessments are reviewed and, if necessary, revised to reflect changed circumstances. This review is conducted annually, in the lending portfoliosecond half of each year, but adjustments may be made at the balance

sheet date. The loan portfolio, which is measured at amortized cost less impairment, consists of financial assets presented on the balance sheet linesDue from banks and Loans, including reclassified securities.other times, if required. In addition, irrevocable loan commitments are tested for impairment as described below.

Credit loss expense is recognized if there is objectivea situation where recent losses have been incurred, IAS 12 requires convincing evidence that the Groupthere will be unablesufficient future profitability.

Swiss tax losses can be carried forward for seven years, US federal tax losses for 20 years and UK and Jersey tax losses for an unlimited period. The deferred tax assets recognized on 31 December 2012 have been based on future profitability assumptions, adjusted to collect all amounts due accordingtake into account the recognition criteria of IAS 12. The level of deferred tax assets recognized may, however, need to the original contractual terms or the equivalent value. A financial asset or group of financial assets is impaired only if a loss event occurred after the initial recognition of the financial asset(s), but not later than at the balance sheet date (“incurred loss model”). Management is required to exercise judgment in making assumptions and estimations when calculating impairment losses both on a counterparty-specific level and collectively.

The impairment loss is the excess of the carrying value of the financial asset over the estimated recoverable amount. The estimated recoverable amount is the present value, using the loan’s original effective interest rate, of expected future cash flows, including amounts that may result from restructuring or the liquidation of collateral. If a loan has a variable interest rate, the discount rate for measuring any impairment loss is the current effective interest rate. An allowance for credit losses is reported as a reduction of the carrying value of the financial asset on the balance sheet.

Estimated cash flows associated with financial assets reclassified fromHeld for trading toLoans and receivables in accordance with the requirements in “Note 1a) 10) Loans and receivables”be adjusted in the “Financial information” sectionfuture in the event of this reportchanges in those profitability assumptions. On 31 December 2012, the deferred tax assets amounted to CHF 8.1 billion, which included CHF 5.7 billion in respect of tax losses (mainly in Switzerland and other similar assets acquired subsequently, are revised periodically. Adverse revisionsthe US) that can be utilized to offset taxable income in cash flow estimates related to credit events are recognized in profit or loss as credit loss expenses. For reclassified securities, increases in estimated future cash receipts as a result of increased recoverability are recognized as an adjustment to the effective interest rate on the loan from the date of change.years.

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Refer to “Note 9a Due from banks and loans”, “Note 9b Allowances and provisions for credit losses”1a) 22) Income taxes” and “Note 28 Measurement categories24 Income taxes” in the “Financial information” section of financial assetsthis report for more information

Provisions

Provisions are liabilities of uncertain timing or amount, and are recognized when UBS has a present obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate of the amount of

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Financial and financialoperating performance

the obligation can be made. Provisions are recognized for the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the balance sheet date.

Recognition of provisions often involves significant judgment in assessing the existence of an obligation resulting from past events and in estimating the probability, timing and amount of any outflows of resources. This is particularly the case with litigation, regulatory and similar matters which, because of their nature, are subject to many uncertainties making their outcome difficult to predict. Such matters may involve unique fact patterns or novel legal theories, proceedings which have not yet been initiated or are at early stages of adjudication, or as to which alleged damages have not been quantified by the claimants. Determining whether an obligation exists as a result of a past event and estimating the probability, timing and amount of any potential outflows is based on a variety of assumptions, variables, and known and unknown uncertainties. The amount of any provision recognized can be very sensitive to the assumptions used and there could be a wide range of possible outcomes for any particular matter. Statistical or other quantitative analytical tools are of limited use in the case of litigation, regulatory or similar matters. Furthermore, information currently available to management may be incomplete or inaccurate increasing the risk of erroneous assumptions with regards to the future developments of such matters. Management regularly reviews all the available information regarding such matters, including advice from legal advisors, to assess whether the recognition criteria for provisions have been satisfied for those matters and, if not, to evaluate whether such matters represent contingent liabilities. Legal advice is a significant consideration in determining whether it is more likely than not that an obligation exists as a result of a past event and in assessing the probability, timing and amount of any potential outflows.

At 31 December 2012, the aggregate amount provisioned for litigation, regulatory and similar matters as a class was CHF 1,432 million. Since the future outflow of resources in respect of these matters cannot be determined with certainty based on currently available information, the actual outflows may ultimately prove to be substantially greater (or less) than the provisions recognized.

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Refer to “Note 1a) 27) Provisions” and “Note 23 Provisions and contingent liabilities” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

On 31 DecemberPension and other post-employment benefit plans

During 2012, UBS adopted revisions to IAS 19 Employee Benefits (“IAS 19R”) issued by the IASB in June 2011. IAS 19R eliminates the “corridor method”, under which the recognition of actuarial gains and losses was deferred. Instead, the full defined benefit obligation net of plan assets is now recorded on the balance sheet, with changes resulting from remeasurements recognized immediately in other comprehensive income. The net defined benefit liability at the end of the year and the

relatedPersonnelexpense depend on the expected future benefits to be provided, determined using a number of economic and demographic assumptions. The most significant assumptions include life expectancy, the discount rate, expected salary increases, pension rates, and for the Swiss plan, interest credits on retirement savings account balances.

Life expectancy is determined by reference to published mortality tables. The discount rate is determined by reference to rates of return on high-quality fixed-income investments of appropriate currency and term at the measurement date. The assumption for salary increases reflects the long-term expectations for salary growth and takes into account inflation, seniority, promotion and other relevant factors such as supply and demand in the labor market.

The most significant plan is the Swiss pension plan. Consistent with 2011, our gross loan portfolio was CHF 267 billion andlife expectancy for this plan has been based on the related allowances amounted2010 BVG generational mortality tables. The assumption for the discount rate has changed from 2.3% in the prior year, to CHF 0.8 billion, of which CHF 83 million related to reclassified and similar acquired securities.1,9%.

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Refer to “Note la) 11) Allowance1a) 24) Pension and provision for credit losses” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Consolidation of special purpose entities

We sponsor the formation of special purpose entities (SPE)other post-employment benefit plans” and interact with non-sponsored SPE for a variety of reasons, including allowing clients to obtain or be exposed to specific risk and reward profiles, to provide funding or to sell or purchase

59


Financial and operating performance

Critical accounting policies

credit risk. In accordance with IFRS, we do not consolidate special purpose entities that we do not control. In order to determine whether or not we control an SPE, we evaluate a range of factors, including whether (i) the activities of the SPE are being conducted on our behalf according to our specific business needs so that we obtain the benefits from the SPE operations, or (ii) we have decision-making powers to obtain the majority of the benefits of the activities of the SPE, or we have delegated these decision-making powers by setting up an autopilot mechanism, or (iii) we have the right to obtain the majority of the benefits of the activities of an SPE and, therefore, may be exposed to risks arising from the activities of the SPE, or (iv) we retain the majority of the residual or ownership risks related to the SPE or its assets in order to obtain the benefits from its activities. In many instances, elements are present that, considered in isolation, indicate control or lack of control over an SPE, but when considered together require a significant degree of judgment to reach a conclusion. The exposure to volatility in profits and the absorption of risks and rewards, as well as the ability to make operational decisions for the SPE in question, are generally the factors to which most weight is given in reaching a conclusion.

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Refer to “Note la) 3) Subsidiaries”30 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Equity compensation

We recognize shares, performance shares, options and share-settled stock appreciation rights awarded to employees as compensation expense based on their fair value at grant date. The fair value of UBS shares issued to employees is determined by reference to quoted market prices, adjusted, where appropriate, to take into account the terms and conditions inherent in the award. Options, stock appreciation rights, and certain performance shares issued by UBS to its employees have features which are not directly comparable with our shares and options traded in active markets. Accordingly, we determine the fair value using suitable valuation models. Several recognized valuation models exist. The models we apply have been selected because they are able to accommodate the specific features included in the various instruments granted to our employees. If we were to use different models, the values produced would differ, even if the same inputs were used.

The models we use require inputs such as expected dividends, share price volatility and historical employee exercise behavior patterns.

Some of the model inputs we use are not market observable and have to be estimated or derived from available data. Use of different estimates would produce different valuations, which in turn would result in recognition of higher or lower compensation expense.

Several recognized valuation models exist. The models we apply have been selected because they are able to handle the specific features included in the various instruments granted to our employees. If we were to use different models, the values produced would differ, even if the same inputs were used.

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Refer to “Note la)1a) 25) Equity participation and other compensation plans” and “Note 3031 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Financial and operating performance

Significant accounting and financial reporting structure changes

Deferred taxesSignificant accounting and financial reporting structure changes

Deferred tax

Significant accounting changes

IAS 19 (revised) Employee Benefits

During 2012, UBS adopted revisions to the International Accounting Standard 19 Employee Benefits (“IAS 19R”) retrospectively in accordance with the transitional provisions set out in the accounting standard. IAS 19R introduces changes to the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of post-employment benefits. The full defined benefit obligation net of plan assets ariseis now recorded on the balance sheet, with changes resulting from remeasurements recognized immediately in other comprehensive income. As a varietyresult, we have adjusted the opening balances as of sources,1 January 2010 for the most significant beingcumulative effect of applying the following: (i) tax lossesrevised standard and all comparative information included in this report, except where otherwise indicated, has been presented as if IAS 19R had been applied from that can be carried forward to be utilized against profitsdate.

Under the Basel III framework, the regulatory capital effect of the adoption of IAS 19R, together with related changes in future years; and (ii) expenses recognizedperiods, will be phased in annually from 1 January 2014 on an after-tax basis, such that it becomes fully adjusted on 1 January 2018. We expect the volatility of our income statement that are not deductible until the associated cash flows occur

We record a valuation allowanceBasel III common equity tier 1 capital ratio to reduce our deferred tax assetsincrease due to the amount which can be recognized in line with the relevant accounting standards. The leveladoption of deferred tax asset recognition is influenced by management’s assessment of our future profitability regarding relevant business plan forecasts. Existing assessments are reviewed and, if necessary, revised to reflect changed circumstances. This review is conducted annually, in the second half of each year, but adjustments may be made at other times, if required. In a situation where recent losses have been incurred, the relevant accounting standards require convincing evidence that there will be sufficient future profitability.

Swiss tax losses can be carried forward for seven years, US federal tax losses for 20 years and UK and Jersey tax losses for an unlimited period. The deferred tax assets recognized on 31 December 2011 have been based on future profitability assumptions over a five-year time horizon, adjusted to take into account the recognition criteria of lAS 12Income Taxes. The level of deferred tax assets recognized may, however, need to be adjusted in the future in the event of changes in those profitability assumptions. On 31 December 2011, the deferred tax assets amounted to CHF 8.5 billion, which included an amount of CHF 8.0 billion in respect of tax losses (mainly in Switzerland and the US) that can be utilized to offset taxable income in future years.IAS 19R.

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Refer to “Note 22 Income taxes”1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and “Note la) 22) Income taxes”other adjustments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Hedge accountingChanges to reporting segments

    TheWealth Management & Swiss Bank

Wealth Management & Swiss Bank’s two reportable segments – Wealth Management and Retail & Corporate – became separate business divisions at the start of 2012. As these business divisions were already considered separate reportable segments, no adjustments were required to reported segment results.

Investment Bank

On 30 December 2011, a portfolio of legacy positions was transferred from the Investment Bank to the Corporate Center. Commencing in the first quarter of 2012, this portfolio, together with the option to acquire the equity of the SNB StabFund, has been considered a separate reportable segment within the Corporate Center and designated as the Legacy Portfolio. Prior periods have been restated.

In conjunction with the accelerated implementation of our strategy announced in October 2012, the Asset Liability Management unit was transferred from the Investment Bank to Group uses derivative instrumentsTreasury within the Corporate Center in the fourth quarter of 2012. Prior periods have been restated to reflect this transfer and profit and loss amounts associated with the ongoing business activities of Asset Liability Management are being fully allocated back to the Investment Bank.

Financial and operating performance

Own credit

Effective 2012, the measurement of the performance of the business divisions excludes own credit gains and losses on financial liabilities designated at fair value. This reflects the fact that these gains and losses are not managed at a business division level and are not necessarily indicative of any business division’s performance. In line with these internal reporting changes, own credit gains and losses are now reported as part of its assetCorporate Center – Core Functions. Prior periods have been restated to conform to this presentation.

Group Treasury managed assets

In 2012, management changed the methodology used to allocate certain financial assets and liability management activities to manage exposures particularly to interest rate and foreign currency risks, including exposures arising from forecast transactions. If derivative and non-derivative instruments meet certain criteria, they are designated as hedging instruments in fair value hedges, cash flow hedges or net investment hedges. The designation of derivative or non-derivative hedging instruments is at our discretion.

At the time a financial instrument is designated in a hedge relationship, thetheir corresponding costs managed by Group formally documents the relationship between the hedging instrument(s) and hedged item(s), including the risk management objectives and strategy in undertaking the hedge transactionTreasury. Prior periods were not restated for this change and the methods thatimpact from the change in cost allocation methodology was not material to the reported segment results.

Centralization of operations units in the Corporate Center

In 2012, operations units from the business divisions were centralized in the Corporate Center as part of our ongoing efforts to improve our operational effectiveness and heighten our cost efficiency across the firm. Prior to this centralization, charges for operations

support provided from one division to another were shown in the respective division’s income statement as services to / from other business divisions without any allocation of the related headcount. With effect from 1 July 2012 on a prospective basis, charges from the centralized operations units have been allocated to the business divisions and shown in the respective expense lines of the reportable segments and the related headcount has been allocated to the business divisions. Prior to the transfer to the Corporate Center, Retail & Corporate operations staff provided significant support to other business divisions in Switzerland. Accordingly, the transfer had the effect of increasing personnel and non-personnel expenses as well as decreasing charges for services from other business divisions at Wealth Management, the Investment Bank and Global Asset Management, and of decreasing personnel and non­personnel expenses as well as income from services provided to other divisions at Retail & Corporate. As a result of the centralization, as of 1 July 2012, allocations of personnel increased by approximately 800 in Wealth Management, 250 in the Investment Bank and 50 in Global Asset Management, with a corresponding decrease of 1,100 in Retail & Corporate.

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Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” in the “Financial information” section for more information

Changes to the reporting structure in 2013

Corporate Center – Non-core and Legacy Portfolio

In line with our strategy to focus the Investment Bank’s business on its traditional strengths, we are exiting many business lines which are capital and balance sheet intensive or are in areas with high operational complexity or long tail risks. Beginning in the first quarter of 2013, these non-core activities

and positions formerly in the Investment Bank have been transferred to and will be usedmanaged and reported in the Corporate Center. These non-core activities and positions, together with the Legacy Portfolio and the option to assessacquire the effectivenessequity of the hedging relationship. Accordingly,SNB StabFund, will be reported as a separate reportable segment called “Non-core and Legacy Portfolio” starting with the Group assesses, both at the inceptionfirst quarter of the hedge and on an ongoing basis, whether the hedging instruments, primarily derivatives,2013, when

all necessary internal reporting changes will have been “highly effective”put into place.

In summary, with effect from the first quarter of 2013, UBS’s segment reporting, which is in offsetting changes inline with our internal reporting, will present five business divisions and the fair value or cash flows associated with the designated riskCorporate Center, consisting of the hedged items.Non-core and Legacy Portfolio, as well as Core Functions.

 

 

60


Financial and operating performance

UBS results

UBS results

Net loss attributable to UBS shareholders in 2012 was CHF 2,511 million compared with a profit of CHF 4,138 million in 2011. The pre-tax loss was CHF 1,774 million compared with a profit of CHF 5,307 million in the prior year. The 2012 loss was primarily due to impairment losses of CHF 3,064 million on goodwill and other non-financial assets in the Investment Bank, net charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters of CHF 2,549 million, an own credit loss on financial liabilities designated at fair value of CHF 2,202 million and net restructuring charges of CHF 371 million. In 2012, we recorded a tax expense of CHF 461 million compared with CHF 901 million in 2011. Net profit attributable to non-controlling interests was CHF 276 million in 2012 compared with CHF 268 million.

Income statement

 

  For the year ended  % change from 
CHF million  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11 
Continuing operations     
                  
Interest income   15,968    17,969    18,872    (11
                  
Interest expense   (9,974  (11,143  (12,657  (10
                  
Net interest income   5,994    6,826    6,215    (12
                  
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   (118  (84  (66  40  
                  
Net interest income after credit loss expense   5,875    6,742    6,149    (13
                  
Net fee and commission income   15,405    15,236    17,160    1  
                  
Net trading income   3,480    4,343    7,471    (20
                  

of which: net trading income excluding own credit

   5,682    2,806    8,019    102  
                  

of which: own credit on financial liabilities designated at fair value

   (2,202  1,537    (548 
                  
Other income   682    1,467    1,214    (54
                  
Total operating income   25,443    27,788    31,994    (8
                  
Personnel expenses   14,737    15,634    17,031    (6
                  
General and administrative expenses   8,653    5,959    6,585    45  
                  
Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment   689    761    918    (9
                  
Impairment of goodwill   3,030    0    0   
                  
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets   106    127    117    (17
                  
Total operating expenses   27,216    22,482    24,650    21  
                  
Operating profit / (loss) from continuing operations before tax   (1,774  5,307    7,345   
                  
Tax expense / (benefit)   461    901    (409  (49
                  
Net profit / (loss) from continuing operations   (2,235  4,406    7,754   
                  
Discontinued operations     
                  
Profit from discontinued operations before tax   0    0    2   
                  
Tax expense   0    0    0   
                  
Net profit from discontinued operations   0    0    2   
                  
Net profit / (loss)   (2,235  4,406    7,756   
                  
Net profit attributable to non-controlling interests   276    268    304    3  
                  

from continuing operations

   276    268    303    3  
                  

from discontinued operations

   0    0    1   
                  
Net profit / (loss) attributable to UBS shareholders   (2,511  4,138    7,452   
                  

from continuing operations

   (2,511  4,138    7,451   
                  

from discontinued operations

   0    0    1   
                  
Comprehensive income     
                  
Total comprehensive income   (1,766  5,632    6,701   
                  
Total comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests   243    560    609    (57
                  
Total comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders   (2,009  5,071    6,092   
                  

Financial and operating performance

 

Changes2012

Performance before tax

Performance before tax was a loss of CHF 1,774 million in 2012 compared with a profit of CHF 5,307 million in the prior year. The 2012 loss was primarily due to impairment losses of CHF 3,064 million on goodwill and other non-financial assets in the Investment Bank and net charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters of CHF 2,549 million, including charges for provisions arising from fines and disgorgement resulting from regulatory investigations concerning LIBOR and other benchmark rates, as well as claims related to sales of residential mortgage backed­securities. The full year 2012 result also included an own credit loss on financial liabilities designated at fair value of derivativesCHF 2,202 million and net restructuring charges of CHF 371 million.

We calculate adjusted results that qualifyexclude items considered non-recurring or that management believes are not representative of the underlying performance of our business (such adjusted results are non-GAAP financial measures as fair value hedgesdefined by SEC regulations). For 2012, these adjustments are recordedthe abovementioned impairment losses of CHF 3,064 million, the own credit loss of CHF 2,202 million, a credit to personnel expenses of CHF 730 million related to changes to our Swiss pension plan, net restructuring charges of CHF 371 million, and a credit to personnel expenses of CHF 116 million related to changes to our retiree medical and life insurance plan in the US. The adjustments in 2011 were an own credit gain of CHF 1,537 million, a gain of CHF 722 million on the sale of our strategic investment portfolio and net restructuring charges of CHF 380 million.

On this adjusted basis, the 2012 pre-tax profit was CHF 3,017 million compared with CHF 3,428 million in 2011, mainly as net charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters increased by CHF 2,273 million to CHF 2,549 million, while 2011 included a loss of CHF 1,849 million related to the unauthorized trading incident announced in September of that year.

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Refer to the “Certain items affecting our results in 2012” sidebar in this section for more information on LIBOR-related settlements

Operating income

Total operating income statement alongwas CHF 25,443 million in 2012 compared with CHF 27,788 million in 2011. Excluding the changeimpact of own credit in both years and the gain on the sale of our strategic investment portfolio in 2011, operating income increased by CHF 2,116 million to CHF 27,645 million.

Net interest and trading income

Net interest and trading income decreased by CHF 1,695 million to CHF 9,474 million. Full year 2012 included an own credit loss on financial liabilities designated at fair value of CHF 2,202 million, primarily

reflecting the hedged item attributabletightening of our credit spreads, compared with an own credit gain of CHF 1,537 million in 2011. Excluding the impact of own credit, net interest and trading income increased by CHF 2,044 million, reflecting an increase of CHF 1,404 million in the Corporate Center and an increase of CHF 862 million in the Investment Bank.

Excluding own credit, net interest and trading revenues in the Corporate Center increased by CHF 1,404 million, partly as the revaluation of our option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity was a gain of CHF 526 million in 2012 compared with a loss of CHF 133 million in 2011. Furthermore, 2011 saw losses from the net impact of credit valuation adjustments on monolines.

Equities net interest and trading revenues increased by CHF 1,114 million in 2012. The prior year included a loss of CHF 1,849 million due to the hedged risk. The effective portionunauthorized trading incident. In 2012, we incurred a loss of changesCHF 349 million related to the Facebook initial public offering. In addition, derivatives and equity­linked revenues declined as client activity was lower across all regions, and trading revenues particularly in Europe and Asia Pacific were affected by lower volatility levels. Proprietary trading revenues were also lower as we continued to exit the business.

Fixed income, currencies and commodities (FICC) net interest and trading income decreased by CHF 224 million, primarily as 2012 included a negative debit valuation adjustment of CHF 383 million on our derivatives portfolio as credit default swap spreads tightened compared with positive CHF 244 million in 2011 when spreads widened. Credit revenues increased as revenues in 2011 were negatively affected by mark-to-market trading losses mainly in the fair valuesecond half of derivatives that qualifythe year as cashtrading conditions were challenging due to uncertainty surrounding the eurozone and the global economic outlook. Revenues in loan trading, flow hedges is recognizedtrading, real estate finance and structured credit improved in equity2012. Macro revenues declined as a result of lower foreign exchange revenues as volatility decreased from the high levels seen in 2011 resulting from the eurozone uncertainty. Rates revenues were broadly unchanged, with improved performances in non-linear and transferredlong-end interest rates, partially offset by lower short-end interest rates revenues.

    Net interest and trading income in Wealth Management declined by CHF 118 million, mainly as the previous year included CHF 103 million of interest income stemming from the above-mentioned strategic investment portfolio. Moreover, net interest income was negatively affected by increased costs of CHF 69 million related to profit or lossassets managed centrally by Group Treasury. Furthermore, trading revenues declined as a result of lower treasury-related income and lower client activity following the reduced volatility in the same periodsforeign exchange market. These factors were partly offset by CHF 180 million higher product-related interest income, reflecting the beneficial effects of increases in whichclient deposit and lending volumes.

In Wealth Management Americas, net interest and trading income increased by CHF 86 million, reflecting favorable currency effects and higher client balances in securities-based lending and mortgages.

73


Financial and operating performance

UBS results

Net interest and trading income

 

  For the year ended  % change from 
CHF million  31.12.12  31.12.11   31.12.10  31.12.11 
Net interest and trading income      
                   
Net interest income   5,994    6,826     6,215    (12
                   
Net trading income   3,480    4,343     7,471    (20
                   
Total net interest and trading income   9,474    11,169     13,686    (15
                   
Wealth Management   2,728    2,846     2,384    (4
                   
Wealth Management Americas   1,265    1,179     1,266    7  
                   
Investment Bank   4,872    4,010     6,847    21  
                   
Global Asset Management   12    8     22    50  
                   
Retail & Corporate   2,467    2,661     2,670    (7
                   
Corporate Center   (1,870  465     497   
                   

of which: own credit on financial liabilities designated at fair value

   (2,202  1,537     (548 
                   
Total net interest and trading income   9,474    11,169     13,686    (15
                   

Credit loss (expense) / recovery

 

  For the year ended  % change from 
CHF million  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11 
Wealth Management   1    11    11    (91
                  
Wealth Management Americas   (14  (6  (1  133  
                  
Investment Bank   34    (13  155   
                  
Retail & Corporate   (27  (101  (76  (73
                  
Corporate Center   (112  24    (155 
                  

of which: related to Legacy Portfolio

   (112  25    (155 
                  
Total   (118  (84  (66  40  
                  

Retail & Corporate net interest and trading income declined by CHF 194 million, partly as the hedged cash flowsprevious year included interest income of CHF 68 million related to our strategic investment portfolio. Net interest income was also negatively affected by increased costs related to assets managed centrally by Group Treasury and lower allocations related to investment proceeds from the firm’s equity. The loan margin was stable, but historically low interest rates continued to negatively affect profit or loss. Hedges of net investmentsthe deposit margin. This was partly offset by growth in foreign operations are accounted for similarlyaverage deposit and, to cash flow hedges.

The Group discontinues hedge accounting when it determines that a hedging instrument is not, or has ceased to be, highly effectivelesser extent, loan volumes as well as a hedge; when the derivative expires or is sold, terminated or exercised; when the hedged item matures, is sold or repaid; or when a forecast transaction is no longer deemed highly probable. In certain circumstances, the Group may decide to discontinue hedge accounting voluntarily, even though the mentioned criteria for discontinuing are not fulfilled. De-designated hedging derivatives from hedge relationships are treated as held for trading from the de-designation date.number of pricing adjustments.

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Refer to “Note la) 15) Derivative instruments3 Net interest and hedge accounting”trading income” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

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Refer to “Note 27 Fair value of financial instruments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on own credit

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Refer to the “Non-trading portfolios – valuation and sensitivity information by instrument category” section in the “Risk management and control” section of this report for more information on changes in the value of our option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity

Credit loss expense / recovery

In 2012, we recorded a net credit loss expense of CHF 118 million compared with a net credit loss expense of CHF 84 million in 2011. In 2012, we recorded a net credit loss expense of CHF 112 million in Corporate Center – Legacy Portfolio, mainly related to student loan auction rate securities, and a net credit loss expense of CHF 27 million in Retail & Corporate, partly offset by a net credit loss recovery of CHF 34 million in the Investment Bank.

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Refer to the discussions of credit loss expense / recovery in the Wealth Management”, “Wealth Management Americas”, Investment Bank”, “Retail & Corporate” and “Legacy Portfolio” sections of this report for more information

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Refer to the “Risk management and control section” section of this report for more information on our risk management approach, method of credit risk measurement and the development of credit risk exposures

Net fee and commission income

Net fee and commission income increased by CHF 169 million to CHF 15,405 million.

Underwriting fees increased by CHF 359 million to CHF 1,539 million, reflecting an increase in both equity and debt underwriting

Financial and operating performance

fees. The increase in underwriting fees corresponded to increased market share in both equity underwriting and debt underwriting. In addition, we increased our participation in private and structured transactions.

Portfolio management and advisory fees increased by CHF 341 million to CHF 5,892 million, mainly reflecting an increase in Wealth Management Americas.

Net brokerage fees fell by CHF 271 million, primarily in the Investment Bank due to a lower level of client activity.

Merger and acquisition and corporate finance fees decreased by CHF 313 million due to a lower volume of transactions.

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Refer to “Note 23 Derivative instruments4 Net fee and hedge accounting”commission income” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Other income

Other income was CHF 682 million compared with CHF 1,467 million in the previous year.

In 2012, net revenues from financial investments available-for-sale were CHF 329 million, which included CHF 219 million in gains from the Wealth Management Americas’ available-for-sale portfolio, as well as a gain of CHF 88 million on the sale of an equity investment in the Investment Bank. In 2011, net revenues from financial investments available-for-sale were CHF 887 million, which included a gain of CHF 722 million from the sale of our strategic investment portfolio and gains of CHF 81 million from Wealth Management Americas’ available-for-sale portfolio.

Other income from associates and subsidiaries was CHF 81 million compared with CHF 44 million, mainly related to higher revenues from our investment in the SIX Group.

Other income in 2012 further included gains of CHF 112 million on sales of Swiss real estate compared with a gain of CHF 78 million on sale of a property in Switzerland in 2011. Other income in 2011 included net gains of CHF 344 million from the sale of loans and receivables.

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Refer to “Note 5 Other income” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

ProvisionsOperating expenses

Provisions are recognized when we haveTotal operating expenses increased by CHF 4,734 million to CHF 27,216 million, mainly due to impairment losses of CHF 3,064 million on goodwill and other non-financial assets in the Investment Bank and CHF 2,273 million higher net charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters. The appreciation of the US dollar and British pound against the Swiss franc also contributed to the overall increase. These increases were partly offset by a present legal or constructive obligation as a resultcredit to personnel expenses of past events, if it is probable that an outflow of resources will be requiredCHF 730 million related to settle or discharge the obligationchanges to our Swiss pension plan and a reliable estimatecredit to personnel expenses of CHF 116 million related to changes to our retiree medical and life insurance plan in the US. Net restructuring charges were CHF 371 million in 2012 compared with CHF 380 million in 2011.

Personnel expenses

Personnel expenses decreased by CHF 897 million to CHF 14,737 million. In 2012, personnel expenses included a credit of CHF 730 million related to changes to our Swiss pension plan and a credit of CHF 116 million related to changes to our retiree medical and life insurance plan in the US. Net personnel-related restructuring charges were CHF 358 million in 2012 compared with CHF 261 million in 2011. Excluding the effects of restructuring and the credits related to the Swiss and US benefit plans, personnel expenses decreased by CHF 148 million, despite the appreciation of the obligation can be made.US dollar and British pound against the Swiss franc.

Recognition of provisions often requires use of an estimate as the exact amount of the obligation is often unknown. The estimate is based on all available information and reflects the amount that in management’s opinion represents the best estimate of the expenditure requiredOn this adjusted basis, expenses for performance awards declined by CHF 577 million to settle or discharge the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. Future events that may affect the amount requiredCHF 2,885 million. Expenses relating to settle or discharge the obligation are reflected2012 performance awards recognized in the amount provided, whenever there is sufficient objective evidence that such future events will occur. We revise existing provisions up orperformance year 2012 were CHF 1,724 million, down when additional information becomes available which allowsCHF 123 million from the estimates to be quantified more accurately. Management necessarily exercises judgment in making assumptions and estimates when calculating provisions.

Provisions are classified in “Note 21 Provisions and contingent liabilities”prior year, reflecting a 7% decrease in the “Financial information” sectionoverall performance award pool for the 2012 performance year. The amortization of this report intodeferred compensation awards from prior years decreased by CHF 454 million to CHF 1,161 million.

Other variable compensation excluding restructuring charges increased by CHF 51 million, reflecting increased expenses for employee retention, including costs related to the following categories: operational risks, litigationspecial plan award program in the Investment Bank.

Salary expenses, excluding restructuring, decreased by CHF 78 million, partly related to a one-time net credit of CHF 31 million from changes to the rules for the Swiss long-service and regulatory matters,sabbatical awards.

Financial advisor compensation in Wealth Management Americas increased by CHF 354 million excluding restructuring provisions for loanreflecting higher revenue production and higher compensation commitments and guarantees, and other. Operational risks include provisions resulting from security risks and transaction processing risks. Litigation and regulatory matters includes provisions for claimsadvances related to legal, liability and compliance risks. Provisions for reinstatement costs for leasehold improvement, provisions for onerous lease contracts, provisions for employee benefits and other items are disclosed underOther.recruited financial advisors.

 è 

Refer to “Note la) 27) Provisions”6 Personnel expenses” and “Note 31 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial information” section of this report and to the “Compensation” section of this report for more information

General and administrative expenses

General and administrative expenses were CHF 8,653 million in 2012 compared with CHF 5,959 million in 2011.

Net charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters increased by CHF 2,273 million, primarily as a result of charges for provisions arising from fines and disgorgement resulting from regulatory investigations concerning LIBOR and other benchmark rates and claims related to sales of residential mortgage backed securities.

    Based on relevant facts and circumstances, our provisions are adequate. Nevertheless, in view of the current regulatory and political climate affecting financial institutions, and because we continue to be exposed to a number of claims and regulatory matters arising from the financial crisis of 2007-2009 and other matters, we expect charges associated with litigation, regulatory and similar matters to remain at elevated levels at least through 2013.

Costs for outsourcing of IT and other services increased by CHF 206 million due to higher business demand.

75


Financial and operating performance

UBS results

Expenses for marketing and public relations increased by CHF 135 million, partly due to expenditures related to our 150th anniversary, and professional fees increased by CHF 86 million. In 2012, no general and administrative restructuring charges were recorded compared with net charges of CHF 93 million in 2011.

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Refer to “Note 7 General and administrative expenses” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

PensionDepreciation, impairment and other post-employment benefit plansamortization

The defined benefit obligation at the endDepreciation and impairment of the yearproperty and the net periodic pension cost for the year depend on the expected future benefits to be provided, determined usingequipment was CHF 689 million, a numberdecrease of economic and demographic assumptions. The assumptions include life expectancy, the discount rate, expected salary increases, expected returns on plan assets and pension rates.

Life expectancy is determined by reference to published mortality tables. The discount rate is determined by reference to rates of return on high-quality fixed-income investments of appropriate term at the measurement date. The assumption for salary increases reflects the long-term expectations for salary growth and takes into account inflation, seniority, promotion and other relevant factors such as supply and demand in the labor market. The expected return on plan assets is the long-term average return that management believes is expected on the pension assets, based on class of asset.

The most significant plan is the Swiss pension plan. Life expectancy for this plan has been based on the 2010 BVG generational mortality tables. This change has resulted in higher life expectancies than the prior year, which was based on the 2005 BVG mortality table that preceded the 2010 tables. The assumptions for the discount rate and the expected return on plan assets also changedCHF 72 million from the prior year, mainly reflecting lower depreciation of IT equipment.

Impairment of goodwill was CHF 3,030 million in 2012, reflecting the full impairment of goodwill carried by the Investment Bank.

Amortization and impairment of intangible assets was CHF 106 million compared with CHF 127 million. In 2012, we recorded impairment charges of CHF 17 million, mainly in the Investment Bank. In 2011, impairment charges were CHF 37 million, mainly related to 2.3% and 3.5%, respectively.a past acquisition in the UK.

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Refer to “Note 29 Pension17 Goodwill and other post-employment benefit plans”intangible assets” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Income tax

We recognized a net income tax expense in the income statement for the year of CHF 461 million. This includes a Swiss current tax expense of CHF 95 million, which relates to taxable profits, against which no losses were available to offset, earned by Swiss subsidiaries and also from the sale of real estate. The net income tax expense for the year also includes a Swiss deferred tax expense of CHF 23 million, which relates to a decrease in recognized deferred tax assets due to Swiss pre­tax profits earned during the year, offset by Swiss tax relief for the impairment of goodwill. In addition, it includes a foreign net current tax expense of CHF 72 million, which relates to a tax expense in respect of taxable profits earned by non-Swiss subsidiaries and branches, against which no losses were available to offset, which were partly offset by a tax benefit from the release of provisions in respect of tax positions which were previously uncertain. Finally, the net income tax expense for the year includes a foreign deferred tax expense of CHF 271 million, which mainly reflects a tax expense for the amortization of deferred tax assets, as tax losses were used against taxable profits.

In the first half of 2013, we expect the tax rate to be in the region of 25% to 30%. The expected tax rate is higher than the normal expected effective tax rate of 20% to 25% because the net profit for the group in 2013 may reflect losses for some legal entities or parent bank branches for which we may not obtain a tax benefit. In addition, the actual tax rate may fall outside the aforementioned tax rate range to the extent that there are significant book tax adjustments that affect taxable profits. Also, the full year tax rate may depend on the extent to which deferred

tax assets are revalued during 2013 and the level of profitability for the year.

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Refer to “Note la) 24)24 Income taxes” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Net profit attributable to non-controlling interests

Net profit attributable to non-controlling interests for 2012 was CHF 276 million, compared with CHF 268 million in 2011. In both years, this almost entirely reflected dividends on preferred securities.

Total comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders

Total comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders includes all changes in equity (including net profit) attributed to UBS shareholders during a period, except those resulting from investments by and distributions to shareholders as well as equity-settled share-based payments. Items included in comprehensive income, but not in net profit, are reported under other comprehensive income (OCI). These items will be recognized in net profit when the underlying item is sold or realized, with the exception of gains and losses on defined benefit plans.

In 2012, total comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders was negative CHF 2,009 million, reflecting the net loss attributable to UBS shareholders of CHF 2,511 million, partly offset by positive other comprehensive income (OCI) attributable to UBS shareholders of CHF 502 million (net of tax).

OCI in 2012 included gains of CHF 609 million on defined benefit plans (net of tax). This reflected pre-tax gains of CHF 1,023 million, which were almost entirely due to an increase in the fair value of plan assets of the Swiss pension plan, partly offset by an income tax expense of CHF 413 million. Cash flow hedge OCI was positive CHF 384 million (net of tax), mainly reflecting decreases in long-term interest rates across all major currencies, partly offset by the reclassification of net gains associated with the effective portion of changes in fair value of hedging derivatives to the income statement. Financial investments available-for-sale OCI was positive CHF 14 million (net of tax). Foreign currency translation OCI was a loss of CHF 511 million (net of tax), predominantly related to the 2% weakening of the US dollar against the Swiss franc.

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Refer to the “Statement of comprehensive income” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

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Refer to “Note 30 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Performance by reporting segment

The management discussion and analysis by reporting segment is provided in the following sections of this report.

 

61


Financial and operating performance

UBS results

UBS results

Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders was CHF 4,159 million in 2011 compared with CHF 7,534 million in 2010. Pre-tax profit declined to CHF 5,350 million from CHF 7,455 million, reflecting lower operating income primarily in the Investment Bank, partly offset by cost reductions. In 2011, we recorded a net tax expense of CHF 923 million compared with a net tax benefit of CHF 381 million in 2010.

Income statement

 

  For the year ended  % change from 
CHF million  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.09  31.12.10 
Continuing operations     
                  
Interest income   17,969    18,872    23,461    (5
                  
Interest expense   (11,143  (12,657  (17,016  (12
                  
Net interest income   6,826    6,215    6,446    10  
                  
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   (84  (66  (1,832  27  
                  
Net interest income after credit loss expense   6,742    6,149    4,614    10  
                  
Net fee and commission income   15,236    17,160    17,712    (11
                  
Net trading income   4,343    7,471    (324  (42
                  
Other income   1,467    1,214    599    21  
                  
Total operating income   27,788    31,994    22,601    (13
                  
Personnel expenses   15,591    16,920    16,543    (8
                  
General and administrative expenses   5,959    6,585    6,248    (10
                  
Depreciation of property and equipment   761    918    1,048    (17
                  
Impairment of goodwill   0    0    1,123   
                  
Amortization of intangible assets   127    117    200    9  
                  
Total operating expenses   22,439    24,539    25,162    (9
                  
Operating profit from continuing operations before tax   5,350    7,455    (2,561  (28
                  
Tax expense / (benefit)   923    (381  (443 
                  
Net profit from continuing operations   4,426    7,836    (2,118  (44
                  
Discontinued operations     
                  
Profit from discontinued operations before tax   0    2    (7  (100
                  
Tax expense   0    0    0   
                  
Net profit from discontinued operations   0    2    (7  (100
                  
Net profit   4,427    7,838    (2,125  (44
                  
Net profit attributable to non-controlling interests   268    304    610    (12
                  

from continuing operations

   268    303    600    (12
                  

from discontinued operations

   0    1    10    (100
                  
Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders   4,159    7,534    (2,736  (45
                  

from continuing operations

   4,158    7,533    (2,719  (45
                  

from discontinued operations

   0    1    (17  (100
                  
Comprehensive income     
                  
Total comprehensive income   7,457    6,484    (2,792  15  
                  
Total comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests   560    609    484    (8
                  
Total comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders   6,896    5,875    (3,276  17  
                  

Financial and operating performance

 

Operating profit before tax by business divisions and Corporate Center

 

  For the year ended  % change from 
CHF million   31.12.12    31.12.11    31.12.10    31.12.11  
                  
Wealth Management   2,407    2,633    2,233    (9
                  
Wealth Management Americas   816    544    (121  50  
                  
Investment Bank   (2,734  (631  2,731    333  
                  
Global Asset Management   570    430    515    33  
                  
Retail & Corporate   1,827    1,884    1,710    (3
                  
Corporate Center   (4,661  446    277   
                  
Operating profit from continuing operations before tax   (1,774  5,307    7,345   
                  

Key figures and personnel

Cost / income ratio

The cost/income ratio was 106.5% in 2012 compared with 80.7% in 2011. On an adjusted basis excluding own credit and net restructuring charges in both years, the credits to personnel expenses related to changes to our Swiss pension plan and a retiree benefit plan in the US in 2012, and the gain on the sale of our strategic investment portfolio in 2011, the cost/income ratio increased to 88.7% from 86.3%.

BIS risk-weighted assets

On 31 December 2012, our Basel 2.5 RWA were CHF 192.5 billion compared with CHF 241.0 billion at the end of 2011, a decrease of CHF 48.5 billion, predominantly due to a decline in market risk RWA of CHF 22.1 billion, in credit risk RWA of CHF 21.0 billion and, to a lesser extent, in operational risk RWA of CHF 5.6 billion. The decline in credit risk RWA of CHF 21.0 billion occurred predominately in the fourth quarter of 2012 and was mainly attributable to the accelerated implementation of our strategy, hedging activity and sales of certain student loan auction rate securities in the Corporate Center – Legacy Portfolio. These activities impacted derivative, repo-style and drawn and undrawn loan exposures, partly offset by increased residential mortgage exposures due to the recalibration of risk parameters on residential mortgages in the third quarter.

Market risk RWA decreased by CHF 22.1 billion, mainly due to the reduction in incremental risk charge RWA on reduced exposures, a model update for sovereign debt in the first quarter, and hedging activity. VaR and stressed VaR declined due to reduced risk positions and reduced credit spread risk.

Operational risk RWA decreased by CHF 5.6 billion. The decrease reflected the implementation, following our annual model parameter

review in March 2012, of all advanced measurement approach parameter updates that had been approved by FINMA up to that time.

Our estimated pro-forma Basel III1 RWA on a fully applied basis were CHF 258 billion at the end of 2012, declining CHF 122 billion compared with the end of 2011. The decline was mainly due to the same factors that caused a decrease in Basel 2.5 RWA, lower RWA on low­rated securitization exposures and a lower credit valuation adjustment charge. We are targeting Group RWA on a fully applied Basel III basis to fall to less than CHF 200 billion by the end of 2017.

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Refer to the “Investment Bank”, “Legacy Portfolio” and “Capital management” sections of this report for more information

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Refer to the “Our strategy” section of this report for more information

Net new money

In Wealth Management, net new money inflows were CHF 26.3 billion in 2012 compared with CHF 23.5 billion in 2011. The strongest net inflows were recorded in Asia Pacific and emerging markets as well as globally from ultra high net worth clients. Europe reported net outflows in the offshore business, mainly related to clients from countries neighboring Switzerland. This was partly offset by net inflows from the European onshore business. Swiss wealth management reported increased net inflows.

Wealth Management Americas recorded net new money inflows of CHF 20.6 billion or USD 22.1 billion in 2012, compared with net new money inflows of CHF 12.1 billion or USD 14.1 billion in 2011 due to stronger inflows from net recruiting of financial advisors as well as financial advisors employed with UBS for more than one year.

Excluding money market flows, Global Asset Management recorded net new money outflows of CHF 5.9 billion in 2012 compared with net inflows of CHF 9.0 billion in the prior year. Net new money from third parties was a net outflow of CHF 0.6 bil-

1  Basel III information provided throughout this report is not required to be presented because Basel III requirements were not in effect on 31 December 2012. Such measures are non-GAAP financial measures as defined by SEC regulations. We nevertheless include information on the basis of Basel III requirements because they are effective as of 1 January 2013 and significantly impact our RWA and eligible capital. The calculation of our pro-forma Basel III RWA combines existing Basel 2.5 RWA, a revised treatment for low-rated securitization exposures that are no longer deducted from capital but are risk-weighted at 1250%, and new model-based capital charges. Some of these new models require final regulatory approval and therefore our pro-forma calculations include estimates (discussed with our primary regulator) of the effect of these new capital charges which will be refined as models and the associated systems are enhanced.

Financial and operating performance

UBS results

Net new money1

 

 For the year ended 
CHF billion 31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10 
Wealth Management    26.3    23.5    (12.1
Wealth Management Americas    20.6    12.1    (6.1
Global Asset Management    (13.3  4.3    1.8  

of which: non-money market flows

    (5.9  9.0    8.2  

of which: money market flows

    (7.4  (4.7  (6.4

1  Net new money excludes interest and dividend income.

  

Invested assets

  

 

 

As of

  % change from 
CHF billion 31.12.12 31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11 
Wealth Management 821  750    768    9  
               
Wealth Management Americas 772  709    689    9  
               
Global Asset Management 581  574    559    1  
               

lion compared with a net inflow of CHF 12.2 billion. Net new money from clients of UBS’s wealth management businesses was a net outflow of CHF 5.2 billion compared with a net outflow of CHF 3.1 billion.

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Refer to the “Wealth Management”, “Wealth Management Americas” and “Global Asset Management” sections of this report for more information

Invested assets

Invested assets in Wealth Management rose by CHF 71 billion to CHF 821 billion during the year. Positive market performance and net new money inflows were partially offset by negative currency effects.

In Wealth Management Americas, invested assets increased by CHF 63 billion to CHF 772 billion, reflecting positive market performance and strong net new money inflows.

Global Asset Management invested assets increased by CHF 7 billion to CHF 581 billion, mainly due to positive market movements, partly offset by net new money outflows and negative currency effects. The sale, as agreed prior to the acquisition, of parts of the ING Investment Management business acquired in Australia in 2011 resulted in a net divestment of CHF 14 billion of invested assets in 2012.

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Refer to the “Wealth Management”, “Wealth Management Americas” and “Global Asset Management” sections of this report for more information

Personnel

We employed 62,628 personnel as of 31 December 2012, a reduction of 2,192 compared with 64,820 personnel as of 31 December 2011, largely reflecting the cost reduction program announced in July 2011 and the accelerated implementation of our strategy announced in October 2012.

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Refer to the “Our employees” section within the “Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation” section of this report for more information

Financial and operating performance

Certain items affecting our results in 2012

LIBOR-related settlements

On 19 December 2012, we announced that the Board of Directors had authorized total settlements of approximately CHF 1.4 billion in fines and disgorgement to US, UK and Swiss authorities to resolve LIBOR-related investigations with those regulators. The payments that were agreed with authorities consisted of fines totaling USD 1.2 billion to the US Department of Justice and Commodity Futures Trading Commission, GBP 160 million in fines to the UK Financial Services Authority and CHF 59 million as disgorgement of estimated profits to the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA). In addition, UBS Securities Japan Co. Ltd. entered into a plea agreement with respect to one count of wire fraud relating to the manipulation of certain benchmark interest rates, including Yen LIBOR. The settlements stemmed from industry-wide investigations into the setting of certain benchmark rates across a range of currencies. These investigations focused on whether there were improper attempts by banks, acting either on their own or with others, to manipulate LIBOR and other benchmark rates at certain times. UBS

cooperated fully with the authorities in their investigations and, as a result of the investigations, has significantly enhanced its control framework for its submissions process for LIBOR and other benchmark interest rates.

Enhancements included changes made throughout 2012 to the governance framework to first combine all components of this submissions process into one functional area within the Investment Bank, to next move the governance and, in November, to move the operation of this process into a new independent function within Group Treasury. In accordance with our segment reporting principles, under which we report performance consistent with the way in which it is evaluated by senior management, the charge booked in the fourth quarter was reported in Corporate Center – Core Functions because the management of the submissions process resides within Group Treasury.

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Refer to “Note 23b Litigation, regulatory and similar matters” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Impairment of Investment Bank goodwill and other non-financial assets

An impairment test was performed as of 30 September 2012 with respect to the Investment Bank because indicators of impairment were present. These indicators included negative variances from planned performance, preliminary discussions regarding changes in strategy for the Investment Bank and revised business plan information taking into account changes in market conditions and the global economic outlook. The impairment test was based on the business plan approved by the Board of Directors on 29 October 2012. As a result of this impairment test, losses were recognized in the income statement relating to a full impairment of CHF 3,030 million for goodwill in the third quarter of 2012. Additional assets were examined to determine whether their carrying values exceeded their recoverable amounts. Impairment losses of CHF 15 million were recognized in the income statement for other intangible assets and CHF 19 million for property and equipment, both in the third quarter of 2012.

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Refer to “Note 17 Goodwill and intangible assets” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Financial and operating performance

UBS results

2011

Performance before tax

Profit from continuing operationsPerformance before tax was CHF 5,3505,307 million down from CHF 7,4557,345 million, mainly due to a decline in operating income of CHF 4,206 million, partly offset by cost reductions of CHF 2,1002,168 million.

Operating income

Total operating income was CHF 27,788 million in 2011, down CHF 4,206 million from CHF 31,994 million in 2010. This decline was mainly due to a reduction of CHF 1,924 million in net fee and commission income on lower underwriting fees, and a decline in asset-based fees, and lower trading revenues in our equities and FICC businesses, partly due to the loss of CHF 1,849 million related to the unauthorized trading incident, and (even excluding the effect of the unauthorized trading incident) lower trading revenues in our equities and fixed income, currencies and commodities (FICC) businesses.incident. These declines were partly offset by an own credit gain on financial liabilities designated at fair value of CHF 1,537 million, compared with a loss of CHF 548 million in the prior year. In addition, in 2011 we incurred a loss of CHF 133 million on the valuation of our option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity compared with a gain of CHF 745 million in 2010. Furthermore, in 2011 we recorded a gain of CHF 722 million on the sale of our strategic investment portfolio.

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Refer to the “Certain items affecting our results in 2011” sidebar in this section of this report for more information on the unauthorized trading incident, the sale of our strategic investment portfolio and our cost reduction program

Net interest and trading income

Net interest and trading income was CHF 11,169 million, down CHF 2,517 million from the prior year. In 2011, we recorded a loss of CHF 1,849 million related to the unauthorized trading incident, which was partly offset by an own credit gain of CHF 1,537 million due to the widening of our credit spreads during the year. Own credit in 2010 was a loss of CHF 548 million as credit spreads tightened during thethat year.

Net interest and trading income in FICC excluding own credit, was down by CHF 1,621498 million, partly reflectingprimarily due to the strengthening of the Swiss franc. Credit tradingIn credit, revenues declineddecreased primarily due to concernsmark-to-market losses in the flow business. Concerns surrounding the eurozone and the global economic outlook in general, which led to increasedsignificantly impacted market volatility, and significantly impacted liquidity and client activity.activity, resulting in challenging conditions for flow trading, partly offset by an improved performance by credit solutions. In macro, revenues increased across all interest rates business lines. Foreign exchange benefited from market volatility in the second half of 2011 and from the contributions of our new e-trading platform. Non-linear interest rates reported a turnaround from negative to positive revenues in 2011. Emerging market interestmarkets revenues decreased as increased foreign exchange revenues were more than offset by lower revenues in credit and tradingrates. Latin America saw an improvement in revenues also declined. Furthermore, inwhereas both Asia and Europe reported a decrease. In 2011, we recorded a losspositive debit valuation adjustments of CHF 284244 million related to crediton our derivatives portfolio compared with positive debit valuation adjustments for monoline credit protection compared with a gain of CHF 667155 million in 2010. These declines were partly offset by higher macro net interest and trading revenues which increased across interest rates and foreign exchange business lines.

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Refer to “Note 26 Fair value of financial instruments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on own credit

Equities interest and trading revenues excluding own credit anddeclined by CHF 2,372 million, mainly due to the loss of CHF 1,849 million related to the unauthorized trading incident, declined by CHF 523 million reflecting the strengthening of the Swiss franc, and lower revenues in the derivatives and equity-linked businesses. Within derivatives, revenues in Europe, the Middle East and Africa declined and more than offset higher revenues in Asia Pacific and the Americas. In addition, trading revenues were impacted by ongoing market volatility. In equity-linked, revenues declined due to lower valuations and volumes as well as reduced primary market activity, which impacted the secondary markets.

Net interest income in Wealth Management increased by CHF 231 million, mainly asreflecting higher treasury-related income, and a 10% growth in average lending volumes compensated for margin pressurepartially due to interest income resulting from low market interest rates. In addition,the strategic investment portfolio (which was acquired in late 2010). Further, net interest income benefited from income derived from the strategic investment portfolio in the first nine months10% higher average lending volumes. This was offset by margin pressure as a result of 2011. Income derived from the strategic investment portfolio was significantly lower in 2010 as the portfolio was only established during the fourth quarter of that year.low market interest rates. Net trading income in Wealth Management also increased by CHF 231 million, partly duebenefiting from higher income linked to foreign exchange and precious metal client trading activities as well as higher treasury-related revenues.

Net interest income in Retail & Corporate declinedWealth Management Americas increased by CHF 9434 million, due to margin pressure thathigher client balances in securities-based lending and mortgages, as well as from higher yields on lending products. This was partlypartially offset by higher volumes.

adverse currency impacts. Net trading revenues in Wealth Management Americas fell by CHF 120 million, impacted by the strengthening of the Swiss franc, lower taxable fixed income and municipal trading income, partly offset by higher trading income from structured notes.

Net interest income in Retail & Corporate declined by CHF 94 million, primarily due to a significant decline in the deposit margin as a result of low market interest rates, which more than offset growth of deposit volumes. Low market interest rates also impacted income from our replication portfolio, resulting in lower net interest income. These effects more than offset higher interest income derived from the strategic investment portfolio which was acquired in late 2010. Net trading income in Retail & Corporate increased by CHF 84 million, mainly reflecting higher treasury-related income and higher foreign exchange income linked to client trading activities.

Corporate Center net interest and trading revenues were down CHF 32 million. In 2011, we recorded an own credit gain of CHF 1,537 million due to the widening of our credit spreads during the year. Own credit in 2010 was a loss of CHF 548 million as credit spreads tightened during the year. Revenues in 2011 included a loss of CHF 133 million on the valuation of our option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity compared with a gain of CHF 745 million in 2010. Furthermore, 2011 included losses of CHF 284 million related to CVA for monoline credit protection compared with a gain of CHF 667 million in 2010.

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Refer to the “Risk management and control section” section of this report for more information on our option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity

Credit loss expense/recovery

In 2011, we recorded a net credit loss expense of CHF 84 million, mainly reflecting an increase in collective loan loss allowances due

80


Financial and operating performance

to increased credit risks arising predominantly from Swiss corporate clients that had become exposed to significant foreign currency related risk as a result of the impact of the strengthening Swiss franc on their financial position. In 2010, we reported net credit loss expenses of CHF 66 million, which included CHF 172155 million of impairment charges taken on reclassified and acquired securities, partially offset by recoveries on certain loan positions.related to the Corporate Center-Legacy Portfolio.

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Refer to the “Risk management and control section” section of this report for more information on our risk management approach, method of credit risk measurement and the development of credit risk exposures

Net fee and commission income

Net fee and commission income was CHF 15,236 million compared with CHF 17,160 million in the previous year.

Underwriting fees decreased by CHF 732 million or 38% to CHF 1,180 million, reflecting a decline in both equity and debt underwriting fees. The decline in equity underwriting fees resulted in part from an overall market slowdown due to volatility in

63


Financial and operating performance

UBS results

Net interest and trading income

 

  For the year ended  % change from 
CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09  31.12.10 
Net interest and trading income       
                    
Net interest income   6,826     6,215     6,446    10  
                    
Net trading income   4,343     7,471     (324  (42
                    
Total net interest and trading income   11,169     13,686     6,122    (18
                    

Credit loss (expense) / recovery

 

  For the year ended  % change from 
CHF million  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.09  31.12.10 
Wealth Management   11    11    45    0  
                  
Retail & Corporate   (101  (76  (178  33  
                  
Wealth Management & Swiss Bank   (90  (64  (133  41  
                  
Wealth Management Americas   (6  (1  3    500  
                  
Investment Bank   12    0    (1,698 
                  

of which: related to reclassified securities1

   37    (133  (425 
                  

of which: related to acquired securities

   (28  (39  (18 
                  
Corporate Center   (1  0    (5 
                  
Total   (84  (66  (1,832  27  
                  

1  Refer to “Note 28b Reclassification of financial assets” in the “Financial information” section of this report.

capital markets and a reduced market fee pool. Debt underwriting fees declined due to lower revenues in the Investment Bank’s debt capital market business, in part reflecting the market impact of European sovereign debt concerns.

A decline of CHF 601 million in net brokerage fees reflected a downturn in the market, with lower transactional volumes and reduced level of client activity.

Portfolio management and advisory fees for the Group fell 7%, or CHF 408 million, to CHF 5,551 million, mainly due to the strengthening of the Swiss franc.

Investment fund fees decreased CHF 321 million, or 8%, to CHF 3,577 million, due to lower asset-based fees resulting from a lower average invested asset base, primarily as a result of the strengthening of the Swiss franc.

Merger and acquisition and corporate finance fees increased by CHF 135 million, or 16%, reflecting a somewhat improved merger and acquisition environment in 2011 with the completion of several large deals.

è

Refer to “Note 4 Net fee and commission income” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Other income

Other income was CHF 1,467 million compared with CHF 1,214 million in the previous year.

In 2011, net gains from financial investments available-for-sale were CHF 887 million compared with 132 million in 2010. Gains in 2011 included CHF 722 million from the sale of our strategic investment portfolio as well as gains of CHF 81 million in Wealth Management Americas’ available-for-sale portfolio.

Other income in 2011 also included gains of CHF 344 million from the sale of loans and receivables compared with CHF 324 million in 2010. The 2011 gains mainly related to the sale of collateralized loan obligations, which had been reclassified previously fromHeld for trading toLoans andreceivables,, and were partly offset by related hedge termination losses recorded in net trading income. Additionally, in 2011 we recorded a gain of CHF 78 million on sale of a property in Switzerland, compared with a gain of CHF 158 million on sale of a property in Switzerland in 2010.

Net gains from disposals of investments in associates were down CHF 236 million, mainly as 2010 included a gain of CHF 180 million from the sale of investments in associates owning office space in New York.

Other income in 2010 further included a CHF 69 million demutualization gain from our stake in the Chicago Board Options Exchange.

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Refer to “Note 5 Other income” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Operating expenses

Total operating expenses were CHF 22,43922,482 million in 2011 compared with CHF 24,53924,650 million in 2010. Operating expenses in 2011 included CHF 380 million of net restructuring charges compared with CHF 113 million in 2010.

Personnel expenses

Personnel expenses decreased by CHF 1,3291,397 million, or 8%, to CHF 15,59115,634 million due to strengthening of the Swiss franc.

64


Financial and operating performance

In 2011, we recorded CHF 261 million in personnel-related net restructuring charges, compared with a net release of CHF 2 million in the prior yearyear.

Salary costs decreased by CHF 174 million, or 2%, as a result of the strengthening of the Swiss franc.

Expenses for discretionary variable compensationperformance awards were CHF 3,3923,516 million, a decrease of CHF 690655 million, or 17%16%, from the prior year. Expenses relating to 2011 bonusperformance awards recognized in the performance year 2011 were CHF 1,8071,847 million, down CHF 804853 million, or 31% from the prior year, reflecting a 40%37% decrease in the overall bonusperformance award pool for the 2011 performance year. The amortization of deferred compensation awards from prior years increased by CHF 114198 million, or 8%13%, to CHF 1,5851,669 million.

Other variable compensation increased by CHF 8650 million, mainly reflecting an increase in restructuring-related severance charges.

Financial advisor compensation in Wealth Management Americas decreased by CHF 149 million to CHF 2,518 million. In US dollar terms, financial advisor compensation increased, reflecting higher revenue production and higher compensation commitments and advances related to recruited financial advisors.

Other personnel expenses decreased by CHF 369 million, mainly as the prior year included a charge of CHF 200 million for the UK bank payroll tax.

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Refer to “Note 6 Personnel expenses” and “Note 30 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial information” section of this report and to the “Compensation” section of this report for more information

General and administrative expenses

General and administrative expenses were CHF 5,959 million in 2011 compared with CHF 6,585 million in 2010. The strengthening of the Swiss franc contributed substantially to the overall decrease.

Occupancy costs decreased by CHF 193 million or 15% mainly as vacant office space was provisioned for in the prior year, and also as a result of reduced rental expenses and favorable currency translation effects.

Rent and maintenance of machines and equipment decreased by CHF 126 million, or 23%, mainly due to reduced costs for IT maintenance services. Expenses for communications and market data services decreased by CHF 48 million, or 7%, mainly as a result of reduced costs for market data services.

Administration costs decreased by CHF 48 million, or 7%, as a result of a release of value added tax accruals in the UK and the favorable effect of the strengthening of the Swiss franc, largely

Financial and operating performance

UBS results

offset by a CHF 109 million charge related to the UK bank levy. The prior year included a charge of CHF 40 million to reimburse the Swiss government for costs incurred in connection with the US cross-border matter.

Marketing and public relations expenses increased by CHF 54 million, or 16%, primarily due to higher costs associated with sponsoring activities and marketing. Professional fees increased by CHF 68 million, or 9%, mainly due to higher legal fees.

Outsourcing of IT and other services increased by CHF 73 million, or 7%, due to higher IT business demand and capacity expansion needed for control functions related to increased regulatory requirements.

Expenses for litigation, regulatory and regulatorysimilar matters decreased by CHF 355 million, or 56%, mainly due to lower charges for litigation provisions in Wealth Management Americas and the Investment Bank..

Other general and administrative expenses decreased by CHF 53 million, or 30%, due to a release of provisions for value-added tax in Switzerland and favorable currency translation effects, partially offset by increased real restate relatedestate-related restructuring charges which were CHF 93 million in 2011 compared with CHF 79 million in the prior yearyear.

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Refer to “Note 7 General and administrative expenses” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Depreciation, impairment and amortization

Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment was CHF 761 million, a decrease of CHF 157 million, or 17%, from the prior year. The strengthening of the Swiss franc contributed substantially to the overall decrease.

Depreciation of IT and other equipment decreased partly as the useful life of some assets was extended. In 2011 we recorded a reversal of impairment losses on a property of CHF 34 million, partly offset by CHF 26 million restructuring related impairments of real estate assets. The prior year included CHF 37 million in impairment charges related to restructuring in Wealth Management Americas.

Amortization and impairment of intangible assets was CHF 127 million compared with CHF 117 million in 2010. Higher impairment charges on intangible assets, mainly resulting from the impairment of intangible assets related to a past acquisition in the UK, were only partially offset by lower amortization of intangible assets due to favorable currency impacts.

Income tax

We recognized a net income tax expense in the income statement for the year of CHF 923901 million. This includes a Swiss net deferred tax expense of CHF 1,0631,041 million, which reflects a tax expense of CHF 949927 million for the amortization of deferred tax assets, as tax losses are used against profits arising from business operations. In addition, it reflects a tax charge of CHF 245 million relating to the revaluation of deferred tax assets (reflecting updated profit forecast assumptions including the expected geographical mix) partly offset by a CHF 131 million tax effect relating to the unauthorized trading incident. Additionally, it includes a foreign net deferred tax benefit of CHF 246 million, including a US tax benefit of CHF 400 million, which mainly relates to a write-upwrite­up of deferred

tax assets for US tax losses incurred in previous years, predominantly in the parent bank, UBS AG. This was partly offset by a tax expense of CHF 41 million relating to the downward revaluation of deferred tax assets for Japan, following a change in statutory tax rates and loss offset rules, and a tax expense of CHF 113 million

65


Financial and operating performance

UBS results

for the amortization of deferred tax assets, as tax losses are used against profits in various locations. It also includes a current tax expense of CHF 106 million, which reflects tax expenses of CHF 277 million for taxable profits of Group entities, partly offset by current tax benefits of CHF 171 million relating to prior periods.

During 2010, we recognized a net income tax benefit in our income statement of CHF 381409 million. This reflected a deferred tax benefit mainly relating to the recognition of additional deferred tax assets in respect of tax losses, partly offset by current tax expenses relating to taxable profits of Group entities.

In the first half of 2012, we expect our tax rate to be in the region of 20–25%. However, the tax rate may differ if there are significant book tax adjustments, which generally mainly affect Swiss taxable profits – for example, own credit gains/losses. In the second half of 2012, consistent with past practice, we expect to revalue our deferred tax assets based on a reassessment of future profitability taking into account updated business plan forecasts.

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Refer to “Note 22 Income taxes” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Net profit attributable to non-controlling interests

Net profit attributable to non-controlling interests for 2011 was CHF 268 million, compared with CHF 304 million in 2010. This mainly reflected dividends paid on preferred securities and dividend accruals triggered by the call of a hybrid tier 1 instrument in 2011.

ComprehensiveTotal comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders

Comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders includes all changes in equity (including net profit) attributed to UBS shareholders during a period, except those resulting from investments by and distributions to shareholders as well as equity-settled share-based payments. Items included in comprehensive income, but not in net profit, are reported under other comprehensive income (OCI). Most of those items will be recognized in net profit when the underlying item is sold or realized.

Comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders in 2011 was CHF 6,8965,071 million, including net profit attributable to

UBS shareholders of CHF 4,1594,138 million, and other comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders of CHF 2,737934 million.

OCI attributable to UBS shareholders included foreign currency translation gains of CHF 706722 million, fair value gains on financial investments available-for-sale of CHF 495 million, and fair value gainspositive cash flow hedge OCI of CHF 1,537 million. These gains were partly offset by losses of CHF 1,820 million on interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges.defined benefit plans (net of tax).

Foreign currency translation gains of CHF 706722 million were predominantly related to net investments in US foreign operations, which led to gains as the US dollar appreciated in the second half of 2011. Fair value gains of CHF 495 million on financial investments available-for-sale were almost entirely driven by net gains of CHF 545 million related to the strategic investment portfolio. Declining market interest rates resulted in an increase in fair values of CHF 1,267 million and other comprehensive income gains prior to the sale of the portfolio in the third quarter of 2011, more than offsetting unrealized losses of CHF 545 million recognized in OCI in 2010. Upon sale, a realized gain of CHF 722 million was recognized in the income statement within other income, which reduced other comprehensive income accordingly. Fair value gains of CHF 1,537 million on net fixed receiver interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges resulted from declining long-term interest rates across all major currencies. Losses of CHF 1,820 million on defined benefit plans

Financial and operating performance

(net of tax) mainly related to the remeasurement of the defined benefit obligation of the Swiss and international pension plans and, to a lesser exent, a decline in the fair value of pension plan assets.

OCI attributable to UBS shareholders in 2010 was negative CHF 1,6591,360 million, mainly reflecting foreign currency translation losses of CHF 909731 million and fair value losses on financial investments available-for-sale of CHF 607 million.

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Refer to the “Statement of comprehensive income” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Performance by reporting segment

The management discussion and analysis by reporting segment is provided in the following sections of this report.

Development of invested assets

Net new money

In Wealth Management, net new money improved significantly, with net inflows of CHF 23.5 billion compared with net outflows of CHF 12.1 billion in 2010 due to improvements in all regions

Performance from continuing operations before tax

 

  For the year ended  % change from 
CHF million  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.09  31.12.10 
Wealth Management   2,676    2,308    2,280    16  
                  
Retail & Corporate   1,919    1,772    1,629    8  
                  
Wealth Management & Swiss Bank   4,596    4,080    3,910    13  
                  
Wealth Management Americas   534    (130  32   
                  
Global Asset Management   428    516    438    (17
                  
Investment Bank   154    2,197    (6,081  (93
                  
Corporate Center   (363  793    (860 
                  
Operating profit from continuing operations before tax   5,350    7,455    (2,561  (28
                  

Financial and operating performance

Net new money1

 

  For the year ended 
CHF billion  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.09 
Wealth Management   23.5    (12.1  (87.1
              
Wealth Management Americas   12.1    (6.1  (11.6
              
Global Asset Management   4.3    1.8    (45.8
              

of which: money market flows

   (4.7  (6.4  (12.1
              

1  Excludes interest and dividend income.

    

Invested assets

 

  As of   % change from 
CHF billion  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.10 
Wealth Management   750     768     825     (2
                     
Retail & Corporate   134     136     135     (1
                     
Wealth Management & Swiss Bank   883     904     960     (2
                     
Wealth Management Americas   709     689     690     3  
                     
Traditional investments   497     487     502     2  
                     

of which: money market funds

   92     96     111     (4
                     
Alternative and quantitative investments   31     34     41     (9
                     
Global real estate   38     36     39     6  
                     
Infrastructure and private equity1   8     1     1     700  
                     
Global Asset Management   574     559     583     3  
                     
Total   2,167     2,152     2,233     1  
                     

1  With effect from 2011, the Infrastructure and private equity fund of funds businesses were transferred from Alternative and quantitative investments to Infrastructure, which following the transfer was renamed Infrastructure and private equity. As the amounts were not material, prior periods were not restated.

   

and client segments.2010. The strongest net inflows were recorded in Asia Pacific and the emerging markets as well as globally from ultra high net worth clients. Europe reported net outflows, mainly related to the offshore business with countries neighboring Switzerland partly offset by net inflows from the European onshore business. Swiss wealth management reported increased net inflows in 2011 compared with the prior year.

Net new money inflows in Wealth Management Americas were CHF 12.1 billion compared with net outflows of CHF 6.1 billion in 2010. This turnaround was due to improved net inflows from net recruiting of financial advisors, including higher inflows from recruitment of experienced financial advisors, andwhich was primarily due to lower outflows from financial advisor attrition. Net new money from financial advisors employed with UBS for more than one year remained positive, but declined from 2010.

In Global Asset Management, excluding money market flows, net new money inflows from third parties were CHF 12.2 billion in 2011 compared with net inflows of CHF 16.2 billion in 2010, and net outflows from clients of UBS’s wealth management businesses were CHF 3.1 billion compared with net outflows of CHF 8.1 billion. The flows from UBS’s wealth management businesses included two transfers of investment management and research responsibility

from Wealth Management & Swiss Bank to Global Asset Management: a CHF 1.8 billion multi-manager alternative fund was transferred to alternative and quantitative investments, and CHF 2.9 billion in private equity funds of funds were transferred to infrastructure and private equity. It should be noted that these assets are reported as invested assets in both business divisions, as Wealth Management & Swiss Bank continuescontinued to advise the clients of the funds.

Money market net inflows from third parties were CHF 0.2 billion compared with CHF 2.0 billion in 2010, and money market net outflows from clients of UBS’s wealth management businesses were CHF 5.0 billion compared with CHF 8.3 billion.

Invested assets

Total invested assets were CHF 2,1672,088 billion on 31 December 2011, up slightly from CHF 2,1522,075 billion on 31 December 2010. Net new money inflows of CHF 4240 billion and the addition of CHF 25 billion in invested assets related to the ING Investment Management acquisition were largely offset by adverse market impacts.

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Refer to the Wealth Management”, “Wealth Management Americas” and “Global Asset Management” sections of this report for more information

Personnel

We employed 64,820 personnel as of 31 December 2011, an increase of 203 compared with 64,617 personnel as of 31 December 2010.

 

Financial and operating performance

UBS results

 

Balance sheet

Certain items affecting our results in 2011Balance sheet

 

Cost reduction program

In July 2011, we announced a cost reduction program intended to align our cost base with changes in the market environment. As part of this program, in August we announced that we would reduce our headcount by approximately 3,500 and rationalize our real estate requirements. As a result, we expect to recognize restructuring charges totaling approximately CHF 550 million, of which CHF 403 million was recognized in 2011.

Staff reductions announced in August included redundancies as well as natural attrition. Of the expected 3,500 staff reductions, approximately 45% will come from the Investment Bank, 35% from Wealth Management & Swiss Bank, 10% from Global Asset Management, and 10% from Wealth Management Americas. The majority of affected staff departed in 2011.

UBS will continue to be vigilant in managing its cost base while remaining committed to investing in growth areas.

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Refer to “Note 37 Reorganizations and disposals” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Unauthorized trading incident

In September 2011, we announced that the Investment Bank had incurred a loss of CHF 1,951 million (USD 2,229 million) due to an unauthorized trading incident.

Large stock index futures positions were offset in our systems with fictitious, forward-settling exchange-traded funds (ETF) positions. These fictitious ETF positions masked the risk related to the futures positions, and ultimately the substantial losses incurred on them. Our risk and operational systems detected unauthorized or unexplained activity, but this was not sufficiently investigated nor was appropriate

action taken to ensure that existing controls were enforced.

The resulting loss adversely impacted the Group’s pre-tax profit for the year by CHF 1,849 million. The remainder of the loss, CHF 102 million, was a foreign currency translation loss recognized directly in equity (other comprehensive income) as a result of the fact that the activity took place in a foreign operation in a functional currency other than the Swiss franc.

A special committee of the Board of Directors was established and is conducting an investigation of the unauthorized trading activity and its relation to the control environment. A second investigation is being carried out jointly by the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) and the UK Financial Services Authority (UK FSA); they have retained KPMG for this purpose. In addition, FINMA and the UK FSA have announced that they have commenced enforcement proceedings against UBS in relation to this matter. We are cooperating fully with these investigations and are committed to addressing all findings to ensure that we have a risk management framework that better protects the firm and its shareholders.

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Refer to the “Impact of the unauthorized trading” sidebar in the “Compensation” section of this report for more information

Sale of our strategic investment portfolio

In the third quarter of 2011, we sold our strategic investment portfolio comprised of long-term fixed-interest-rate US Treasury securities with a face value of USD 9.4 billion and UK Government bonds with a face value of GBP 2.9 billion. The gain on sale of CHF 722 million was recognized as other income. Of this gain, CHF 433 million was allocated to Wealth Management and CHF 289 million to Retail & Corporate.

This portfolio was established in the fourth quarter of 2010 to hedge negative effects on the bank’s net interest income stemming from the prolonged period of very low interest rate yields. As the market yields of the positions were declining below targeted levels, we closed these positions to realize gains.

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Refer to the “Interest rate and currency management” section of this report for more information on our management of non-trading interest rate risk

Adjustments to 2011 results after issuance of fourth quarter report

After the publication of our fourth quarter 2011 financial report on 7 February 2012, management adjusted the 2011 results to account for subsequent events. The net, after-tax effect of these adjustments was to reduce net profit attributable to UBS shareholders by CHF 74 million, which decreased basic and diluted earnings per share by CHF 0.02.

The principal change relates to an agreement in principle that we entered into with a monoline insurer in March 2012, under which we agreed to the commutation of certain credit default swap contracts in exchange for a net cash payment. This had the effect of reducing the Investment Bank’s 2011 net trading income by CHF 167 million. The settlement, if consummated, would also include the resolution of litigation and the mutual release of claims, as well as the removal of certain existing impediments to the restructuring or sale by UBS of legacy assets which account for aggregate Basel III risk-weighted assets of almost CHF 15 billion. The transaction is in keeping with our strategy to reduce our Basel III risk-weighted assets in anticipation of future capital requirements. We cannot predict when or at what prices the underlying assets may be restructured or sold.

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Refer to “Note 32 Events after the reporting period” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.

 

  

 

  % change from 
CHF million  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11 
Assets     
                  
Cash and balances with central banks   66,383    40,638    26,939    63  
                  
Due from banks   21,230    23,218    17,133    (9
                  
Cash collateral on securities borrowed   37,372    58,763    62,454    (36
                  
Reverse repurchase agreements   130,941    213,501    142,790    (39
                  
Trading portfolio assets   160,861    181,525    228,815    (11
                  

of which: assets pledged as collateral which may be sold or repledged by counterparties

   44,698    39,936    61,352    12  
                  
Positive replacement values   418,029    486,584    401,146    (14
                  
Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments   30,413    41,322    38,071    (26
                  
Financial assets designated at fair value   9,106    10,336    8,504    (12
                  
Loans   279,901    266,604    262,877    5  
                  
Financial investments available-for-sale   66,383    53,174    74,768    25  
                  
Accrued income and prepaid expenses   6,093    6,327    5,466    (4
                  
Investments in associates   858    795    790    8  
                  
Property and equipment   6,004    5,688    5,467    6  
                  
Goodwill and intangible assets   6,461    9,695    9,822    (33
                  
Deferred tax assets   8,143    9,627    10,262    (15
                  
Other assets   11,055    9,165    19,506    21  
                  
Total assets   1,259,232    1,416,962    1,314,813    (11
                  
Liabilities     
                  
Due to banks   23,024    30,201    41,490    (24
                  
Cash collateral on securities lent   9,203    8,136    6,651    13  
                  
Repurchase agreements   37,639    102,429    74,796    (63
                  
Trading portfolio liabilities   34,154    39,480    54,975    (13
                  
Negative replacement values   395,070    473,400    393,762    (17
                  
Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments   71,148    67,114    58,924    6  
                  
Financial liabilities designated at fair value   92,878    88,982    100,756    4  
                  
Due to customers   371,892    342,409    332,301    9  
                  
Accrued expenses and deferred income   6,881    6,850    7,738    0  
                  
Debt issued   104,656    140,617    130,271    (26
                  
Provisions   2,536    1,626    1,704    56  
                  
Other liabilities   59,902    62,784    62,674    (5
                  
Total liabilities   1,208,983    1,364,027    1,266,042    (11
                  
Equity     
                  
Share capital   384    383    383    0  
                  
Share premium   33,898    34,614    34,393    (2
                  
Treasury shares   (1,071  (1,160  (654  (8
                  
Equity classified as obligation to purchase own shares   (37  (39  (54  (5
                  
Retained earnings   21,231    23,742    19,604    (11
                  
Cumulative net income recognized directly in equity, net of tax   (8,509  (9,011  (9,945  (6
                  
Equity attributable to UBS shareholders   45,895    48,530    43,728    (5
                  
Equity attributable to non-controlling interests   4,353    4,406    5,043    (1
                  
Total equity   50,249    52,935    48,770    (5
        ��         
Total liabilities and equity   1,259,232    1,416,962    1,314,813    (11
                  

Financial and operating performance

 

2010LOGO

LOGO

ResultsBalance sheet development

In 2010, we reported31 December 2012 vs 31 December 2011

As of 31 December 2012, our balance sheet stood at CHF 1,259 billion, a Group net profit attributable to shareholdersdecrease of CHF 7,534 million,158 billion or 11% from 31 December 2011, primarily due to a profit before tax from continuing operationsdecline in collateral trading of CHF 7,455 million104 billion and a profit before tax from discontinued operationsreduction in positive replacement values of CHF 2 million. In 2009, we recorded69 billion, predominantly relating to the accelerated implementation of our strategy announced in October 2012.

Our funded assets, which represent total assets excluding positive replacement values, were reduced by CHF 89 billion to CHF 841 billion, primarily due to the abovementioned decline in collateral trading and a net loss attributablereduction in trading portfolio assets. These decreases were offset by higher balances with central banks, as well as increased financial investments available-for-sale and lending activities. Currency movements between 31 December 2011 and 31 December 2012 had only a small effect on our funded balance sheet assets.

Most of the total asset reduction occurred within the Investment Bank, mainly in FICC, primarily due to shareholdersthe abovementioned accelerated implementation of CHF 2,736 million.

Operating income

Total operating income was CHF 31,994 million in 2010, up from CHF 22,601 million in 2009. Net interest income was CHF 6,215 million compared with CHF 6,446 millionour strategy, as well as a change in the prior year.

Net interest and trading income

Net interest and trading income wasmethodology used to allocate certain financial assets managed by Group Treasury in 2012, which reduced Investment Bank total assets by CHF 13,686 million compared with75 billion. Overall, the Investment Bank’s balance sheet decreased by CHF 6,122 million in 2009.

224 billion, or 25%, to CHF 672 billion. The Investment Bank’s fixed income, currenciesfunded assets decreased by CHF 163 billion, or 37%, to CHF 275 billion. Legacy portfolio assets decreased by CHF 19 billion to CHF 38 billion, resulting mainly from position sales, redemptions and commodities’ (FICC) trading revenues improvedloan amortization. The increase in Corporate Center – Core Functions total assets of CHF 74 billion to CHF 223 billion was primarily the result of the above-mentioned change in methodology used to allocate certain financial

assets. The average size of our multi­currency portfolio of unencumbered, high-quality, short-term assets remained stable. Wealth Management and Wealth Management Americas total assets increased to CHF 105 billion and CHF 64 billion, respectively, mainly resulting from increased lending activities totaling CHF 15 billion. Retail & Corporate and Global Asset Management total assets were broadly unchanged at CHF 145 billion and CHF 13 billion, respectively.

Cash and balances with central banks

Cash and balances with central banks totaled CHF 66 billion as of 31 December 2012, an increase of CHF 26 billion, mainly due to an increasethe re-balancing of our multi-currency portfolio of unencumbered, high-quality, short-term assets.

Lending

Interbank lending (due from banks) decreased by CHF 2 billion to CHF 21 billion, primarily reflecting lower short-term lending activities within Equities in credit trading revenues, which was partially offsetthe Investment Bank. Loans increased by decreases in trading revenuesCHF 13 billion to CHF 280 billion, predominantly in our macrowealth management businesses, which contributed CHF 15 billion of growth across several products, including fixed term, LIBOR-based mortgage and emerging markets businesses. A major part of the improvement was due to de-risking and reduction of the residual positions portfolio. Equities trading revenues, excluding own credit, decreased compared with the previous year, primarily in the derivatives and equity-linked business.

An own credit loss on financial liabilitiescall loans. Financial assets designated at fair value ofwere broadly unchanged at CHF 548 million was recorded in 2010, compared with a CHF 2,023 million loss in 2009. This was due to continuing but comparatively less tightening of our credit spreads in 2010. Debit valuation adjustments9 billion.

Collateral trading

Collateral trading assets (reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral on derivatives in the Investment Bank’s FICC business were positive CHF 155 million compared with negative CHF 1,882 million in 2009. This resulted from the widening of overall credit spreads in the second quarter, partially offset by a tightening of the credit spreads in the third and fourth quarters.

Interest income in Wealth Management was down CHF 116 million, or 6%, due to pressure from the low interest rate environment and the decrease in value of the euro and US dollar against the Swiss franc in 2010. Interest income in Retail & Corporate was down 259 million, or 10%, partly as low market interest rates continued to exert downward pressure on interest margins. In Wealth Management Americas, interest income declinedsecurities borrowed) decreased by CHF 105 million, or 13%,104 billion to CHF 695 million due to lower investment portfolio interest income, partly offset by higher income from securities-backed lending. Net trading income in Wealth Management Americas declined CHF 193 million to CHF 570 million, partly due to lower municipal trading income.

Net interest and trading income in168 billion, primarily reflecting deleveraging within the Corporate Center increased and included a CHF 745 million gain on the valuation of our option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity compared with a CHF 117 million gain in the prior year.In-

Credit loss expenses

In 2010, we reported net credit loss expenses of CHF 66 million. This included CHF 172 million of impairment charges taken on reclassified and acquired securities, partially offset by recoveries on certain loan positions. The net credit loss expenses in 2009 amounted to CHF 1,832 million.

The net credit loss expenses of the Investment Bank were nil in 2010, compared with net credit loss expenses of CHF 1,698 million in 2009. Credit loss expenses of CHF 172 million in relation to reclassified and acquired securities were primarily related to impairments on our student loan auction rate securities inventory, offset by recoveries on certain loan positions.

Wealth Management & Swiss Bank reported net credit loss expenses of CHF 64 million for 2010, compared with CHF 133 million in 2009.

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Refer to the “Risk, treasury and capital management” section of this report for more information on our risk management approach, method of credit risk measurement and the development of credit risk exposures

Net fee and commission income

Net fee and commission income was CHF 17,160 million, compared with CHF 17,712 million in the previous year. Income declined slightly in all major fee categories except for portfolio management and advisory fees, as outlined below:

Underwriting fees were CHF 1,912 million compared with CHF 2,386 million in the prior year, due to a decline in both equity and debt underwriting fees. The decrease in equity underwriting fees resulted from an overall market slowdown. Debt underwriting fees declined due to lower revenues in the Investment Bank’s debt capital market business.

Mergers and acquisitions and corporate finance fees were CHF 857 million, a decrease from CHF 881 million in the prior year. This was due to reduced market activity as deal appetite remained subdued in the first half of 2010.

Net brokerage fees fell 8% to CHF 3,837 million mainly due to low transaction volumes and margin compression in 2010.

Investment fund fees were CHF 3,898 million, a 3% decrease compared with the prior year. Lower asset based commission fees on UBS funds were partly offset by higher fees on third-party funds and sales-based commission income.

Portfolio management and advisory fees increased 2% to CHF 5,959 million, mainly due to higher portfolio management fees in our Wealth Management Americas business division. This was partly offset by lower portfolio management fees in Global Asset Management, primarily resulting from lower performance fees in its alternative and quantitative investments business, and by lower portfolio management and advisory fees in Wealth Management & Swiss Bank and the Investment Bank.

Other commission expense fell 10% to CHF 964 million, mainly due to lower commissions paid for payment transactions, other services and management advisory.

 

Financial and operating performance

UBS results

 

Other incomevestment Bank of CHF 74 billion, combined with a CHF 27 billion decrease related to the re-balancing of our multi-currency portfolio of unencumbered, high-quality, short-term assets.

Other income wasCollateral trading liabilities (repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities lent) were lower by CHF 1,214 million in 2010, compared with64 billion, reflecting a CHF 599 million65 billion deleveraging­related reduction in the previous year. Other incomeInvestment Bank, consistent with the decrease in 2010 included acollateral trading assets.

Trading portfolio

Trading portfolio assets were lower by CHF 180 million gain from the sale of investments in associates owning real estate in New York, a gain of21 billion to CHF 158 million from the sale of a property in Zurich, gains of CHF 324 million from the disposal of loans and receivables (including sales and issuer redemptions of auction rate securities), a CHF 69 million demutualization gain from our stake in the Chicago Board Options Exchange, and a negative CHF 45 million valuation adjustment on a property fund held by Wealth Management & Swiss Bank.

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Refer to “Note 5 Other income” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Operating expenses

Total operating expenses were CHF 24,539 million in 2010, compared with CHF 25,162 million in 2009. Operating expenses in 2010 included CHF 113 million of net restructuring charges, while operating expenses in 2009 included goodwill impairment charges of CHF 1,123 million and restructuring charges of CHF 791 million.

Personnel expenses

Personnel expenses were CHF 16,920 million, up from CHF 16,543 million in the prior year. Personnel expenses recorded in 2010 included discretionary variable compensation expenses of CHF 4.1161 billion, of which CHF 1.5 billion relates to variable compensation brought forward from prior years. The discretionary bonus pool granted to employees for the performance year 2010 was CHF 4.2 billion, 11% lower than in the previous year. Of this amount, CHF 2.6 billion is recognized in the income statement in 2010, and CHF 1.6 billion will be deferred to future periods. Other personnel expenses in 2010 included a charge of CHF 0.2 billion for the UK bank payroll tax.

Other variable compensation was CHF 230 million in 2010 compared with CHF 699 million in 2009. The decrease was mainly due to restructuring-related severance costs recognizeda CHF 30 billion reduction in 2009.

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Refer to “Note 6 Personnel expenses” and “Note 30 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial information” section of this report and to the “Compensation” section of this report for more information

Generaldebt instruments held, which reflected lower government debt, corporate bonds and administrative expenses

General and administrative expenses were CHF 6,585 millionmortgage-backed securities, primarily resulting from the abovementioned accelerated implementation of our strategy. The decrease in 2010 compared with CHF 6,248 million in 2009. Marketing and public relations expenses increased primarily due to the costs associated with sponsoring and branding campaigns related to the global re-launch of the UBS brand. Other general and administrative expenses increased due to higher litigation provisions, partially offset by lower restructuring provisions. Costs of outsourcing IT and other services as well as travel and entertainment were higher compared with the prior year. These increases were partly offset by reduced spending on occupancy, rent and maintenance of IT and

other equipment, communication and market data services, administration and professional fees.

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Refer to “Note 7 General and administrative expenses” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Depreciation, amortization and impairment of goodwill

Depreciation was CHF 918 million in 2010, compared with CHF 1,048 million in 2009. Amortization of intangible assets was CHF 117 million compared with CHF 200 million in the prior year. No goodwill impairment charges were recorded in 2010. A goodwill impairment charge of CHF 1,123 million relating to the sale of UBS Pactual was recorded in 2009.

Income tax

We recognized a net income tax benefit in our income statement of CHF 381 million for 2010. This included a deferred tax benefit of CHF 605 million and current tax expenses of CHF 224 million.

The deferred tax benefit reflects the recognition of additional deferred tax assets in respect of tax losses and temporary differences in a number of foreign locations including the US (tax benefit of CHF 1,161 million) and Japan (tax benefit of CHF 98 million), taking into account the updated taxable profit forecast assumptions over the five-year time horizon used for recognition purposes. Thisdebt holdings was partly offset by a Swiss net deferred tax expense. Swiss tax losses, forCHF 12 billion increase in equity instruments.

Trading portfolio liabilities were lower by CHF 5 billion, reflecting reduced government debt and corporate bonds short sales, proportionally consistent with the total decrease in trading portfolio assets.

Replacement values

Positive and negative replacement values declined on both sides of the balance sheet, decreasing by CHF 69 billion (14%) and CHF 78 billion (17%) to CHF 418 billion and CHF 395 billion, respectively. Decreases in positive replacement values primarily occurred in interest rate contracts, which deferred tax assets have previously been recognized, were used against profits for the year (tax expensesdeclined by CHF 28 billion due to reduced volumes and upward shifts in interest rate curves across most currencies, and credit derivative contracts, which declined by CHF 31 billion, mainly due to a

reduction in notional volumes. Similarly, decreases in negative replacement values also occurred in interest rate and credit derivative contracts, which declined by CHF 35 billion and CHF 29 billion, respectively.

Financial investments available-for-sale

Financial investments available-for-sale increased by CHF 13 billion to CHF 66 billion, primarily due to increased holdings of CHF 1.409 million). This was partly offset by an upward revaluation of Swiss deferred tax assets taking into account revised profit forecast assumptions (tax benefit of CHF 741 million).

The current tax expenses relate to tax expenses in respect of taxable profits of Group entities, partially offset by tax benefits arising from the agreement on prior year positions with tax authorities in various locations.

During 2009, we recognized a net income tax benefithigh-quality government debt in our income statementmulti-currency portfolio of CHF 443 million. This reflected a deferred tax benefit mainly relating to the recognition of additional deferred tax assets in respect of tax losses, partly offset by current tax expenses relating to taxable profits of Group entities.unencumbered, high-quality, short-term assets.

Net profit attributableShort-term borrowings

Short-term borrowings (short-term debt issued and due to non-controlling interestsbanks) decreased by CHF 46 billion to CHF 56 billion, primarily due to reduced funding requirements and to a lesser extent the negative interest charge imposed on financial institutions for Swiss franc clearing accounts, effective 21 December 2012. The reduction in short-term debt issued occurred across product types, primarily in certificates of deposit, which declined by CHF 20 billion, and commercial paper, which declined by CHF 14 billion.

Due to customers

Net profit attributableCustomer deposits increased by CHF 29 billion to non-controlling interests for 2010 was CHF 304 million, compared with CHF 610 million for 2009. This decrease was primarily the consequence of the attribution in 2009, rather than in 2010, of CHF 132 million of net profit372 billion as Wealth Management, Wealth Management Americas and Retail & Corporate all continued to non-controlling interests in connection with certain dividends payable in 2010 on hybrid capital instruments classified as non-owner equity. This attribution was made out of 2009’s net profit following a determination that a triggering event had occurred that caused the 2010 dividend payments to become obligatory under the terms of these hybrid capital instruments. The triggering event was the cash payment made by UBS in 2009 to theattract client money into both current and deposit accounts.

 

 

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Financial and operating performance

Swiss Confederation in consideration of the Confederation’s waiver of its right to receive future coupon payments on the mandatory convertible notes due in 2011.

Had the 2010 dividend payments been applied to net profit in 2010 rather than in 2009, the net profit attributed to non-controlling interests would have been CHF 478 million in 2009 and CHF 436 million in 2010.

Comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders

Comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders in 2010 was CHF 5,875 million, including net profit attributable to UBS shareholders of CHF 7,534 million, partially offset by other comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders of negative CHF 1,659 million.

OCI attributable to UBS shareholders was negative in 2010 due to: (i) losses in the currency translation account of CHF 909 million (net of tax) related to the Swiss franc carrying value of investments in subsidiaries whose reporting currencies are other than Swiss francs; (ii) fair value losses on financial investments available-for- sale of CHF 607 million (net of tax); and (iii) changes in the replacement values of interest rate swaps designated as hedging instruments of negative CHF 143 million (net of tax). Foreign currency translation-related OCI losses attributable to UBS shareholders of CHF 1,501 million (net of tax) in 2010 largely resulted from the strengthening of the Swiss franc against

the US dollar, British pound and euro. We have foreign operations conducted through entities with these functional currencies. These losses in foreign currency translation were partially offset by an out-of-period credit of CHF 592 million resulting from the correction of prior period misstatements. Fair value losses on financial investments available-for-sale predominantly relate to our fixed-interest bearing long-term bond portfolio, which consists of US and UK government bonds. During the fourth quarter, the fair value of this portfolio decreased, mostly due to rising market interest rates. On a net basis, the fair value movement of US dollar, euro and British pound fix-receiver and fixed-payer interest rate swaps designated in cash flow hedges was slightly negative during the year.

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Refer to the “Statement of comprehensive income” and “Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Invested assets

Total invested assets were CHF 2,152 billion on 31 December 2010, a decrease of 4% from CHF 2,233 billion on 31 December 2009. Positive market developments were more than offset by negative currency effects and net new money outflows.

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Refer to the “Wealth Management”. “Wealth Management Americas” and “Global Asset Management” sections of this report for more information

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Financial and operating performance

UBS results

Balance sheet

Balance sheet

 

  

 

  % change from 
CHF million  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.09  31.12.10 
Assets     
                  
Cash and balances with central banks   40,638    26,939    20,899    51  
                  
Due from banks   23,218    17,133    16,804    36  
                  
Cash collateral on securities borrowed   58,763    62,454    63,507    (6
                  
Reverse repurchase agreements   213,501    142,790    116,689    50  
                  
Trading portfolio assets   181,525    228,815    232,258    (21
                  

of which: pledged as collateral

   39,936    61,352    44,221    (35
                  
Positive replacement values   486,584    401,146    421,694    21  
                  
Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments   41,322    38,071    53,774    9  
                  
Financial assets designated at fair value   10,336    8,504    10,223    22  
                  
Loans   266,604    262,877    266,477    1  
                  
Financial investments available-for-sale   53,174    74,768    81,757    (29
                  
Accrued income and prepaid expenses   6,327    5,466    5,816    16  
                  
Investments in associates   795    790    870    1  
                  
Property and equipment   5,688    5,467    6,212    4  
                  
Goodwill and intangible assets   9,695    9,822    11,008    (1
                  
Deferred tax assets   8,526    9,522    8,868    (10
                  
Other assets   12,465    22,681    23,682    (45
                  
Total assets   1,419,162    1,317,247    1,340,538    8  
                  
Liabilities     
                  
Due to banks   30,201    41,490    31,922    (27
                  
Cash collateral on securities lent   8,136    6,651    7,995    22  
                  
Repurchase agreements   102,429    74,796    64,175    37  
                  
Trading portfolio liabilities   39,480    54,975    47,469    (28
                  
Negative replacement values   473,400    393,762    409,943    20  
                  
Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments   67,114    58,924    66,097    14  
                  
Financial liabilities designated at fair value   88,982    100,756    112,653    (12
                  
Due to customers   342,409    332,301    339,263    3  
                  
Accrued expenses and deferred income   6,850    7,738    8,689    (11
                  
Debt issued   140,617    130,271    131,352    8  
                  
Other liabilities   61,692    63,719    72,344    (3
                  
Total liabilities   1,361,309    1,265,384    1,291,905    8  
                  
Equity     
                  
Share capital   383    383    356    0  
                  
Share premium   34,614    34,393    34,824    1  
                  
Treasury shares   (1,160  (654  (1,040  77  
                  
Equity classified as obligation to purchase own shares   (39  (54  (2  (28
                  
Retained earnings   23,603    19,444    11,910    21  
                  
Cumulative net income recognized directly in equity, net of tax   (3,955  (6,693  (5,034  (41
                  
Equity attributable to UBS shareholders   53,447    46,820    41,013    14  
                  
Equity attributable to non-controlling interests   4,406    5,043    7,620    (13
                  
Total equity   57,852    51,863    48,633    12  
                  
Total liabilities and equity   1,419,162    1,317,247    1,340,538    8  
                  

Financial and operating performance

 

2011 asset development

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2011 liabilities and equity development

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Balance sheet developmentLong-term debt

31.12.11 vs. 31.12.10

Our total assets stood at CHF 1,419 billion on 31 December 2011, up CHF 102 billion or 8% from CHF 1,317 billion on 31 December 2010. The increase occurred mainly in positive replacement values, which grewLong-term debt increased by CHF 85 billion to CHF 487 billion.

Our funded assets volume, which excludes positive replacement values, rose by CHF 16 billion to CHF 933 billion. Collateral trading assets grew by CHF 67 billion to CHF 272 billion, while lending assets, which include cash deposits at central banks, rose by CHF 25 billion to CHF 341 billion. These increases were partially offset by lower trading portfolio assets, which dropped CHF 47 billion to CHF 182 billion, reduced financial investments

available-for-sale positions, which fell by CHF 22 billion to CHF 53 billion, and prime brokerage receivables in other assets, which declined by CHF 10 billion to CHF 6 billion.

Currency movements between 31 December 2010 and 31 December 2011 had only a small effect on our funded balance sheet assets, which led to a net increase of CHF 2 billion.

To a large extent, the total asset increase occurred in the Investment Bank, as the abovementioned change in positive replacement values and collateral trading assets significantly contributed to the business division’s CHF 107 billion increase to CHF 1,074 billion. Wealth Management and Wealth Management Americas increased their lending activities resulting in balance sheet assets growth of CHF 7 billion to CHF 101165 billion, primarily due to several issuances of covered bonds as well as two separate issuances of loss­absorbing notes. These issuances were partly offset by the maturity of several straight senior issuances.

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Refer to the “Liquidity and funding management” section for more information on long-term debt issuances

Other assets / Other liabilities

Other assets declined by CHF 414 billion to CHF 5469 billion, respectively. The Corporate Center’s balance sheetmainly reflecting a CHF 11 billion decrease in cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments as well as a CHF 3 billion reduction in goodwill in the Investment Bank. Other liabilities were broadly unchanged at CHF 140 billion.

Equity

Equity attributable to UBS shareholders decreased by CHF 2,635 million to CHF 45,895 million as of 31 December 2012 from CHF 48,530 million a year earlier. Total comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders was negative CHF 2,009 million, reflecting the net loss

Balance sheet development – assets

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Balance sheet development – liabilities and equity

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attributable to UBS shareholders of CHF 2,511 million, partly offset by other comprehensive income (OCI) attributable to UBS shareholders of CHF 502 million (net of tax). OCI primarily included gains on defined benefit plans and positive cash flow hedge OCI of CHF 609 million and CHF 384 million, respectively, partly offset by foreign currency translation losses of CHF 511 million. Share premium decreased by CHF 716 million, mainly reflecting a tax expense of CHF 457 million and the dividend distribution of CHF 379 million, partly offset by an increase of CHF 126 million related to employee share and share option plans. Net treasury share activity increased equity attributable to UBS shareholders by CHF 89 million.

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73Refer to the “Statement of changes in equity” in the “Financial information” section, and to “Comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders” in this section for more information


Financial and operating performance

UBS results

declined by CHF 10 billion to CHF 27 billion following the sale of our strategic investment portfolio in the third quarter of 2011. Retail & Corporate’s assets declined by a net CHF 4 billion to CHF 149 billion, as the reduction in cash deposits at central banks outweighed the growth in the lending book. The balance sheet size of Global Asset Management remained relatively stable at CHF 15 billion.Intra-period balances

Balance sheet positions disclosed in this section represent year-end positions. Intra-quarterIntra­period balance sheet positions fluctuate in the ordinary course of business and may be different.differ from quarter-end and year-end positions.

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Refer to the table “FINMA leverage ratio calculation” in the “Capital management” section of this report for our average month-end balance sheet size for the fourth quarter of 20112012 and 20102011

Lending and borrowing

Lending (including cash and balances with central banks)

Cash and balances with central banks was CHF 41 billion on 31 December 2011, an increase of CHF 14 billion from the prior year-end. Interbank lending rose by CHF 6 billion to CHF 23 billion, mainly on higher short-term lending activities by the Investment Bank. Loans to customers increased by a net CHF 4 billion to CHF 267 billion, predominantly in our wealth management businesses, which contributed a CHF 14 billion volume growth across several products, including fixed term, Lombard and call loans as well as LIBOR-based mortgages. This increase was partly offset by the continued sale of our Investment Bank’s residual risk positions of approximately CHF 10 billion.

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Refer to the “Risk, treasury and capital management” section for more information

Borrowing

Overall, our unsecured funding remained relatively stable, declining by CHF 3 billion to CHF 602 billion, however with some shifts in products.

Reduced balances were recorded in the following categories: (i) financial liabilities designated at fair value with a decrease of CHF 12 billion to CHF 89 billion on 31 December 2011 on lower valuations of equity-linked notes issued and to a lesser extent on maturities of credit-linked notes issued; (ii) short-term interbank borrowings (Due to banks), which was CHF 30 billion on 31 December 2011, were down CHF 11 billion from 31 December 2010

due to lower bank borrowings by the Investment Bank; and (iii) long-term debt declined CHF 5 billion to CHF 69 billion, as maturing senior bonds and lower tier 2 subordinated bonds outweighed new covered bond issuances.

These declines were almost offset by higher client deposits (Due to customers) and increased money market paper issuances. Client deposits amounted to CHF 342 billion on 31 December 2011, a net increase of CHF 10 billion compared with 31 December 2010 due to cash deposits inflows in our wealth management and retail businesses of CHF 23 billion mainly in current, savings and personal accounts, partly offset by lower wholesale client deposits in the Investment Bank of CHF 11 billion. Money market paper issued was CHF 71 billion at year-end 2011, an increase of CHF 15 billion from the prior year-end, mainly due to a higher level of outstanding commercial paper and increased issuance of yield enhancement products for our wealth management clients.

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Refer to the “Liquidity and funding management” section for more information on long-term debt issuance

Trading portfolio

Trading portfolio assets dropped by CHF 47 billion to stand at CHF 182 billion on 31 December 2011. The Investment Bank reduced certain debt instruments and increased liquid collateral trading investments. The following products were reduced: CHF 20 billion of money market papers mainly in Swiss and Japanese government bills, CHF 12 billion of corporate and bank debt instruments and CHF 10 billion of equity instruments, mainly due to lower valuations on equity-linked notes issued hedges.

Reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities borrowed

Cash collateral on securities borrowed and reverse repurchase agreements increased by CHF 67 billion to CHF 272 billion, mainly due to the aforementioned shift from trading portfolio assets and general higher trading activities in the Investment Bank.

Replacement values

The positive and the negative replacement values of derivative instruments rose by similar amounts on both sides of the balance sheet, increasing by CHF 85 billion (21%) and CHF 80 billion

 

 

74


Financial and operating performance

(20%), respectively, and ending 2011 at CHF 487 billion and CHF 473 billion, respectively. Increases in positive replacement values occurred mainly in interest rate contracts, which rose by CHF 92 billion due to a flattening of the interest yield curves, and credit derivative contracts, which rose by CHF 11 billion due to a general widening of credit spreads. These increases were partially offset by lower foreign exchange contracts, which declined by CHF 16 billion, mainly due to currency movements.LOGO

Financial investments available-for-sale

Financial investments available-for-sale declined by CHF 22 billion to CHF 53 billion in 2011, primarily reflecting the sale of our strategic investment portfolio in the third quarter of 2011.

Other assets / other liabilities

Prime brokerage receivables declined by CHF 10 billion to CHF 6 billion, mainly due to continued client concerns related to the eurozone and other uncertainties. Cash collateral payables on derivatives increased by CHF 8 billion on higher current accounts arising from over-the-counter derivatives.

Equity

On 31 December 2011, equity attributable to UBS shareholders was CHF 53.4 billion, representing an increase of CHF 6.6 billion compared with 31 December 2010. This increase reflected (i) annual net profit of CHF 4.2 billion; (ii) net positive effects recognized in equity of CHF 2.7 billion related to fair value gains of CHF 1.5 billion on interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges, currency translation effects of CHF 0.7 billion and fair value gains of CHF 0.5 billion on financial investments available-for-sale; and (iii) a net increase of CHF 0.2 billion in share premium, mainly related to equity compensation plans. These increases were partially offset by net treasury share repurchases of CHF 0.5 billion. Equity attributable to non-controlling interests decreased by CHF 0.6 billion to CHF 4.4 billion, mainly related to the redemption of trust preferred securities.

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Refer to the “Statement of changes in equity” in the “Financial information” section, and to “Comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders” in the “UBS results” section of this report for more information

 

75


Financial and operating performance

UBS results

Off-balance sheet

 

Off-balance sheet arrangements

In the normal course of business, we enter into transactions that are not recognized on the balance sheet in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) because we have either transferred or have not assumed the related risks and rewards, (financial assets), and/and / or because we did not become party to the contractual provisions of the financial instruments. These off-balanceoff­balance sheet arrangements are transacted to either meet the financial needs of clients or offer investment opportunities through entities that are not controlled by us. These transactions include derivative instruments, guarantees and similar arrangements, as well as purchased and retained or contingent interestinterests in assets transferred to non-consolidated entities and obligations and liabilities (including contingent obligations and liabilities) from retained interests in non-consolidated entities.

When we, through these arrangements, incur an obligation or become entitled to an asset, we recognize themthese on the balance sheet. It should be noted that in certain instances the amount recognized on the balance sheet does not represent the full gain or loss potential inherent in such arrangements.

We continuously evaluate whether triggering events require reconsideration of the consolidation conclusions made at the inception of our involvement with special purpose entities (SPE). As of 31 December 2011, there were no holdings which required reconsideration of the consolidation assessment.

Refer to “Note 1 a) 3) Subsidiaries” and “Note 1 a)
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Refer to “Note 1a) 3) Subsidiaries” and “Note 1a) 5) Recognition and derecognition of financial instruments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on accounting policies regarding consolidation and deconsolidation of subsidiaries, including SPE, and recognition and derecognition of financial instruments, respectively.

The following paragraphs discuss several distinct areas of off-balanceoff­balance sheet arrangements. Additional relevant off-balanceoff­balance sheet information is primarily provided in “Note 2123 Provisions and contingent liabilities”, “Note 2325 Derivative instruments and hedge accounting” and “Note 2526 Operating lease commitments” in the “Financial information” section of this report.

Risk disclosures, including our involvement with off-balanceoff­balance sheet vehicles

Refer to the “Risk, treasury and capital management” section of this report for comprehensive liquidity, market and credit risk information related to risk positions, including our exposure to off-balanceoff­balance sheet involvements.involvement.

Non-consolidated securitization vehicles and collateralized debt obligations

Our involvement (in the form of purchased or retained interests or derivatives) in non-consolidated securitization vehicles and collateralized

debt obligations (CDO) is outlined within the table on the following page under the column “Involvements“Involvement in non-consolidatednon­consolidated SPE held by UBS”. As of 31 December 2011,

2012, the carrying value of our purchased and retained interests relating to non-consolidated SPE and CDO totaled CHF 10.75.5 billion, of which CHF 7.14.3 billion was held inTrading portfolio assets and measured at fair value and CHF 3.61.2 billion was held at amortized cost withinLoans. In addition, we had involvementsinvolvement in SPE in the form of netNegative replacement values,, mainly interest ratetotal return swaps and credit default swaps, of CHF 0.60.2 billion as of 31 December 2011.2012. The total pool of assets held by these non-consolidated investment vehicles in which UBS has involvement are reflected in the column “Total SPE assets”. These total SPE assets represent the total size and exposure of the SPE and are not indicative of our risk of loss. Our maximum loss potential is generally limited to our involvements in the non-consolidated SPE.carrying amount of purchased and retained interests. Our exposure with respect to credit derivatives is based on the notional value of those instruments. Maximum loss related to total return swaps cannot be quantified, however, fair value is generally considered to be the best approximation of this risk.

During 20112012 we sponsored the creation of a limited number of special purpose entities that principally facilitated the securitization of commercial mortgage loans. These securitization transactions generally involved the transfer of assets into a trust or corporation, which in turn issued beneficial interests in the form of securities. Financial assets transferred to such trusts and corporations are no longer reported in our consolidated financial statements once the accounting requirements for derecognition are met, including the transfer of substantially all of the risks and rewards related to such assets. UBS retained certain involvementsinvolvement in some of these special purpose entities,SPE, which are included in the disclosure on the next page. UBS did not consolidate these special purpose entities as of 31 December 2011 as we did not control them.

 è 

Refer to “Note la)1a) 12) Securitization structures set up by UBS” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on accounting policies regarding securitization vehicles established by UBS

 è 

Refer to the securitization disclosures in the “Basel 2.5 Pillar 3” section of this report for a more comprehensive overview of our securitization activities

In addition to our retained involvement in 2011SPE from 2012 securitization activities, we also continue to hold involvementretain interests in earlier securitization issuances, mainly legacy positions,primarily in the Legacy Portfolio, which were originated by UBS or by third-parties.third parties. The volume and size of these positions, athe majority of which are linked to the US mortgage market, have been further reduced as of 31 December 20112012 when compared with the prior year.

Our involvement in non-consolidated securitization vehicles and collateralized debt obligations disclosed in this section areis typically managed on a portfolio basis alongside hedges and other offsetting financial instruments. The numbers presented do not include these offsetting factors.

Purchased and retained trading portfolio assets included in the table on the next page exclude residential and commercial mortgage-backed

 

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Financial and operating performance

 

securities which are backed by a US government agency or instrumentality or US government-sponsored enterprise (for example the Government National Mortgage Association, the Federal National Mortgage Association, or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation). These positions are excluded due to the comprehensive involvement of the US government in these organizations and their significantly lower risk profile.

Loans held at amortized cost included in the table below are mainly comprised of student loan auction rate securities, to the extent these are not backed by a US government agency, instrumentality or US government sponsoredgovernment-sponsored enterprise, as well as assets which were previouslyHeld for trading and later reclassified toLoans and receivables,, including monoline-protected assets, US reference linked notes and other assets. ReferOur loan to “Note 28b Reclassified financial assets”the RMBS Opportunities Master Fund, LP, a special purpose entity managed by BlackRock, Inc. is also not included in the “Financial information” section of this report for furthertable below.

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Refer to “Note 28 Pledged and transferred financial assets” in the “Financial information” section and to the “Risk, treasury and capital management” section of this report for more information on our loan to the BlackRock fund

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Refer to “Note 29b Reclassified financial assets” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on reclassified financial assets.

The numbers outlined in the table below deviate from the securitizationsecu-ritization positions presented in the “Basel”Basel 2.5 Pillar 3” section of this report, primarily due to: (i) different scopes,scope, mainly exclusion of certain government-backed and synthetic securitization transactions from the table below, (ii) a different measurement

basis in certain cases (e.g. IFRS carrying value within the table below compared with net exposure amount at default for Basel 2.5 Pillar 3 disclosures,disclosures), and (iii) different classification of originated and sponsored activities. “Originated by UBS” amounts presented below include both securitization activities which we originated and those in which we acted as the lead manager (including joint or co-lead roles) for the transaction (i.e. sponsored).transaction. For Basel 2.5 Pillar 3 disclosures, originated and sponsored activities are presented separately.

Liquidity facilities and similar obligations

On 31 December 20112012 and 2010,2011, we had no significant exposure through liquidity facilities and guarantees to structured investment vehicles, conduits and other similar types of SPE. Losses resulting from such

Non-consolidated securitization vehicles and collateralized debt obligations

CHF billion

  Involvement in non-consolidated SPE held by UBS   Total SPE assets2 

 

  Purchased and
retained interests
held by UBS1
   Derivatives held by UBS             
As of 31 December 2012  Carrying value   Fair value  Nominal value   Original principal
outstanding
   Current principal
outstanding
   Delinquency
amounts
 
Originated by UBS           
                              
CDO           
                              
Residential mortgage   0.0     0.0    0.2     5.3     1.3     0.0  
                              
Commercial mortgage   0.2     0.0    0.0     0.9     0.9     0.0  
                              
Other ABS   0.7     0.0    0.0     16.0     8.3     0.0  
                              
Securitizations           
                              
Residential mortgage   0.1     0.0    1.3     102.1     26.0     2.9  
                              
Commercial mortgage   0.4     0.0    0.0     80.9     63.7     5.8  
                              
Other ABS   0.4     0.0    0.0     9.6     5.3     0.0  
                              
Total   1.8     0.0    1.5     214.8     105.5     8.7  
                              
Not originated by UBS           
                              
CDO           
                              
Residential mortgage   0.0     0.0    0.0     92.3     78.9     0.0  
                              
Commercial mortgage   0.1     0.0    0.0     4.7     2.9     0.0  
                              
Other ABS   0.9     0.1    0.3     53.0     36.0     0.0  
                              
Securitizations           
                              
Residential mortgage   0.7     (0.3  1.7     388.7     122.6     42.5  
                              
Commercial mortgage   1.0     0.0    0.1     358.3     248.1     25.7  
                              
Other ABS   1.0     0.0    0.0     32.3     18.4     0.0  
                              
Total   3.7     (0.2  2.1     929.3     506.9     68.2  
                              

1  Includes loans and receivables measured at amortized cost in the amount of CHF 0.8 billion originated by UBS and CHF 0.4 billion not originated by UBS as well as trading assets measured at fair value in the amount of CHF 1.0 billion originated by UBS and CHF 3.3 billion not originated by UBS. Excludes CHF 11.0 billion of asset backed securities, of which CHF 7.3 billion were not significantheld in 2011Wealth Management Americas’ available-for- sale portfolio (refer to “Note 14 Financial investments available-for-sale” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information) and 2010.CHF 3.7 billion were held in the trading portfolio of the Investment Bank, and CHF 3.5 billion of student loan auction rate securities were held as Loans in Corporate Center – Legacy Portfolio as of 31 December 2012, all of which were backed by a US government agency, instrumentality or government-sponsored enterprise. These securities have been excluded due to the comprehensive involvement of the US government in these organizations and, consequently, their significantly lower risk pro- file.  2  “Total SPE assets” includes information which UBS could gather after making exhaustive efforts, but excludes data which UBS was unable to obtain (in sufficient quality), especially for structures originated by third parties.

Financial and operating performance

UBS results

Support provided to non-consolidated investment funds

In the ordinary course of business, we issue investment certificates to third parties that are linked to the performance of non-consolidated investment funds. Such investment funds are originated either by us or by third parties. For hedging purposes, we generally invest in the funds to which our obligations from the certificates are

Non-consolidated securitization vehicles and collateralized debt obligations

CHF billion

  Involvements in non-consolidated SPE held by UBS   Total SPE assets2 

 

  Purchased and
retained interests
held by UBS1
   Derivatives held by UBS             
As of 31 December 2011  Carrying value   Fair value  Nominal value   

Original principal

outstanding

   

Current principal

outstanding

   

Delinquency

amounts

 
Originated by UBS           
                              
CDO           
                              
Residential mortgage   0.0     0.0    0.7     9.6     3.2     0.0  
                              
Commercial mortgage   0.4     0.0    1.2     7.1     5.3     0.0  
                              
Other ABS   0.1     0.0    0.0     7.8     7.4     0.0  
                              
Securitizations           
                              
Residential mortgage   0.0     0.0    1.3     19.9     4.0     1.1  
                              
Commercial mortgage   0.2     0.0    0.0     61.1     42.9     3.2  
                              
Other ABS   0.0     0.0    0.0     1.2     0.5     0.1  
                              
Total   0.7     0.0    3.2     106.7     63.3     4.4  
                              
Not originated by UBS           
                              
CDO           
                              
Residential mortgage   0.4     0.0    0.0     39.9     18.1     0.3  
                              
Commercial mortgage   1.4     0.0    0.0     79.4     75.9     0.3  
                              
Other ABS   1.7     0.1    0.9     49.8     52.7     0.1  
                              
Securitizations           
                              
Residential mortgage   0.9     (0.7  2.6     427.5     105.0     23.5  
                              
Commercial mortgage   3.2     0.0    0.4     1,007.3     622.5     54.7  
                              
Other ABS   2.5     0.0    0.0     397.7     191.8     4.3  
                              
Total   10.0     (0.6  3.9     2,001.6     1,066.0     83.2  
                              

1Includes loans and receivables measured at amortized cost in the amount of CHF 0.1 billion originated by UBS and CHF 3.5 billion not originated by UBS as well as trading assets measured at fair value in the amount of CHF 0.6 billion originated by UBS and CHF 6.5 billion not originated by UBS.  2“Total SPE assets” includes information which UBS could gather after making exhaustive efforts but excludes data which UBS was unable to obtain (in sufficient quality), especially for structures originated by third parties.

Financial and operating performance

UBS results

linked. Risks resulting from these contracts are considered minimal, as the full performance of the funds, whether positive or negative, is passed on to third parties.

In a limited number of cases and primarily stemming from the financial markets crisis, UBS has provided support to certain non-consolidatednon­consolidated investment funds in the form of collateralized financing, direct acquisition of fund units and purchases of assets from the funds. These funds are managed in our wealth and asset management businesses, and support was provided in cases where there wereit was necessary due to regulatory requirements,or legal requirements or other exceptional circumstances. Throughout 20112012 we have continued to reduce our positions in these acquired fund units or other assets, and as of 31 December 20112012 the carrying value of fund units acquired and other assets purchased from such funds totaled CHF 0.30.2 billion.

Direct acquisitions of fund units were not material in 2011. Purchases of assets from the funds that we manage, direct acquisition of fund units and guarantees granted to third parties in the context of such non-consolidatednon­consolidated funds were also not material.material in 2012. Collateralized financing provided in the ordinary course of business to non-consolidatednon­consolidated investment funds was CHF 0.70.6 billion as of 31 December 2011.2012. Net losses incurred on fund units, which are generally accounted for as financial investments available-for-sale, were not material in 2011.2012.

In accordance with standard industry practice, our wealth and asset management businesses occasionally also provide short-term funding facilities to certain investment funds to cover timing gaps in the redemption and subscription processes. These facilities did not result in any losses in 2011.2012.

Guarantees and similar obligations

In the normal course of business, we issue various forms of guarantees, commitments to extend credit, standby and other letters of credit to support our clients, commitments to enter into forward starting transactions, note issuance facilities and revolving underwriting facilities. With the exception of related premiums, generally these guarantees and similar obligations are kept as off-balance sheet items unless a provision to cover probable losses is required.

On 31 December 2011,2012, the exposure to credit risk (gross values less sub-participations) for creditsub­participations) from guarantees and similar instruments was CHF 17.417.8 billion, compared with CHF 15.417.4 billion as of 31 December 2010.2011. Fee income from issuing guarantees was not significant to total revenues in 2011.2012.

Guarantees represent irrevocable assurances, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, that we will make a payment in the event that clients fail to fulfill their obligations to third parties. We also enter into commitments to extend credit in the form of credit lines that are available to secure the liquidity needs of clients. The majority of these unutilized credit lines range in maturity from one month to five years. If customers fail to meet their obligations, our maximum

exposure to credit risk is the contractual amount of these instruments. The risk is similar to the risk involved in extending loan facilities and is subject to the same risk management and control

framework. For the year ended 31 December 2011,2012, we recognized net credit loss recoveries of CHF 2216 million, compared with net credit loss expensesrecoveries of CHF 4322 million for the year ended 31 December 2010,2011, related to obligations incurred for guarantees and loan commitments. Provisions recognized for guarantees and loan commitments were CHF 64 million as of 31 December 2012 and CHF 93 million as of 31 December 2011, and CHF 130 million as of 31 December 2010.2011.

For certain obligations, we enter into partial sub-participations to mitigate various risks from guarantees and loan commitments. A sub-participation is an agreement by another party to take a share of the loss in the event that the obligation is not fulfilled by the obligor and, where applicable, to fund a part of the credit facility. We retain the contractual relationship with the obligor, and the sub-participant has only an indirect relationship. We will only enter into sub-participation agreements with banks to which we ascribe a credit rating equal to or better than that of the obligor.

Furthermore, we provide representations, warranties and indemnifications to third parties in the normal course of business.

Clearinghouse and exchange memberships

We are a member of numerous securities and derivative exchanges and clearinghouses. In connection with some of those memberships, we may be required to pay a share of the financial obligations of another member who defaults, or we may be otherwise be exposed to additional financial obligations as a result.obligations. While the membership rules vary, obligations generally would arise only if the exchange or clearinghouse had exhausted its resources. We consider the probability of a material loss due to such obligations to be remote.

Swiss deposit insurance

Swiss banking law and the deposit insurance system require Swiss banks and securities dealers to jointly guarantee an amount of up to CHF 6 billion for privileged client deposits in the event that a Swiss bank or securities dealer becomes insolvent. For the period from 1 July 20112012 to 30 June 2012,2013, the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) estimates our share in the deposit insurance system to be CHF 1.0 billion. The deposit insurance is a guarantee and exposes us to additional risk. This is not reflected in the table on the following page due to its unique characteristics. As of 31 December 2011,2012, we consider the probability of a material loss from our obligation to be remote.

Underwriting commitments

Gross equity underwriting commitments on 31 December 20112012 and 31 December 20102011 amounted to CHF 1.10.2 billion and CHF 0.41.1 billion, respectively. Gross debt and private equity underwriting commitments on 31 December 20112012 and 31 December 20102011 were not material.

Purchase commitments

As of 31 December 2012, UBS had a firm commitment to acquire Link Investimentos, a Brazilian financial services firm for an acquisition

 

 

7890


Financial and operating performance

 

Financial instruments not recognized on the balance sheet

 

The table below shows the maximum irrevocable amount of guarantees, commitments and forward starting transactions.

 

  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.12   31.12.11 
CHF million  Gross   

Sub-

participations

 Net   Gross 

Sub-

participations

 Net   Gross   Sub-
participations
 Net   Gross   Sub-
participations
 Net 
Guarantees                   
                     
Credit guarantees and similar instruments   8,671     (315  8,356     8,612    (401  8,212     8,313     (734  7,579     8,671     (315  8,356  
                     
Performance guarantees and similar instruments   3,337     (493  2,845     3,362    (506  2,856     3,673     (829  2,844     3,337     (493  2,845  
                     
Documentary credits   6,897     (737  6,160     4,561    (255  4,306     8,072     (660  7,412     6,897     (737  6,160  
                     
Total guarantees   18,905     (1,545  17,360     16,535    (1,162  15,374     20,058     (2,223  17,835     18,905     (1,545  17,360  
                     
Commitments                   
                     
Loan commitments   58,192     (1,640  56,552     56,851    (1,475  55,376     59,818     (867  58,950     58,192     (1,640  56,552  
                     
Underwriting commitments   1,160     (278  882     404    (196  208     167     (167  0     1,160     (278  882  
                     
Total commitments   59,352     (1,918  57,434     57,255    (1,671  55,584  
Total Commitments   59,985     (1,034  58,951     59,352     (1,918  57,434  
                     
Forward starting transactions1                   
                     
Reverse repurchase agreements   27,113        39,036       18,576        27,113     
                     
Securities borrowing agreements   502        454       249        502     
                     
Repurchase agreements   21,134        22,468       9,993        21,134     
                     
Securities lending agreements   0        02   
         

11Cash to be paid in the future by either UBS or the counterparty.2In 2011, we corrected the value presented on the line securities lending agreements by CHF 783 million.

 

cost of approximately CHF 90 million. The acquisition closed in the first quarter of 2013.

Contractual obligations

The table below includessummarizes payments due by period under contractual obligations by period as of 31 December 2011.2012.

All contracts included in this table, with the exception of purchase obligations (those in which we are committed to purchasing determined volumes of goods and services), are either recognized as liabilities on our balance sheet or, in the case of operating leases, disclosed in “Note 2526 Operating lease commitments” in the “Financial information” section of this report.

The followingLong-term debt obligations as of 31 December 2012 were CHF 182 billion and consisted of long-term debt issued (CHF 86 billion) and financial liabilities are recognizeddesignated at fair value (CHF 96 billion) and represent both estimated future interest and principal payments on an undiscounted basis. Refer to the balance sheet and are excluded from the table: (i) provisions (as disclosed in “Note 21 Provisions and contingent“Maturity analysis of financial liabilities” table in the “Financial information” section of this report); (ii) current“Risk, treasury and deferred tax liabilities (refer to “Note 22 Income taxes” in the “Financial information”capital management” section of this report for more information); (iii)information. Approximately half of total long-term debt obligations had a variable rate of interest. Amounts due on interest rate swaps used to hedge interest rate risk inherent in fixed-rate debt issued, and designated in fair value hedge accounting relationships, are not included in the table below. The

notional amount of these interest rate swaps was CHF 38 billion as of 31 December 2012. Financial liabilities designated at fair value (CHF 96 billion on an undiscounted cash flow basis) mostly consist of structured notes and are generally economically hedged but it would not be practicable to employees for equity participation plans; (iv) settlement and clearing accounts; and (v) amounts dueestimate the amount and/or timing of the payments on interest swaps used to banks and customers.hedge these instruments, as interest rate risk inherent in respective liabilities is generally risk managed on a portfolio level.

Within purchase obligations, the obligation to employees under mandatory notice periods is excluded (i.e. the period in which we must pay contractually-agreed salaries to employees leaving the firm).

Our obligations recognized on the balance sheet as Due to banks, Cash collateral on securities lent, Repurchase agreements, Trading portfolio liabilities, Negative replacement values, Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments, Due to customers, Provisions and Other liabilities are excluded from the table below. Refer to the respective Notes in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on these liabilities.

 

Contractual obligations

 

  Payment due by period   Payment due by period 
CHF million  < 1 year   1–3 years   3–5 years   > 5 years   < 1 year   1-3 years   3-5 years   > 5 years 
Long-term debt obligations   31,315     45,073     28,041     53,793     48,430     45,420     36,712     51,376  
                        
Finance lease obligations   46     30         35     67     3     104  
                        
Operating lease obligations   819     1,332     977     2,591     808     1,408     1,085     2,409  
                        
Purchase obligations   1,010     827     199     3     1,139     1,182     337     287  
                        
Other liabilities   492     2     2     2  
            
Total   33,682     47,264     29,219     56,389     50,412     48,077     38,137     54,176  
                        

Financial and operating performance

UBS results

 

Cash flows

As a global financial institution, our cash flows are complex and bear little relation to our net earnings and net assets. Consequently, we believe that traditional cash flow analysis is less meaningful in evaluating our liquidity position than the liquidity, funding and capital management polices described within the “Risk, treasury and capital management” section of this report. Cash flow analysis may, however, be helpful in highlighting certain macro trends and strategic initiatives in our businesses.

With regard to the cash flow activities described below, refer to the “Statement of cash flows” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.

In 2011, we2012, the estimation of the effects of foreign currency translation on the statement of cash flows was refined. In conjunction with this change in estimate, the presentation of amounts within Net cash flows from/(used in) operating activities has been enhanced by eliminating the estimated foreign currency effects from individual balance sheet movements presented under Net (increase)/decrease in operating assets and liabilities and reflecting these within Other net adjustments, for which comparatives have refined our definitionbeen restated.

2012

As of 31 December 2012, cash and cash equivalents totaled CHF 99.1 billion, an increase of CHF 13.5 billion from 31 December 2011.

Operating activities

For the year ended 31 December 2012, net cash flow generated from operating activities was CHF 67.1 billion, primarily reflecting deleveraging of our balance sheet, compared with net cash flow used in operating activities of CHF 14.2 billion in 2011. Net operating cash

inflows (before changes in operating assets and liabilities and income taxes paid, net of refunds) totaled CHF 11.2 billion in 2012 compared with net operating cash outflows of CHF 3.0 billion in 2011.

In 2012, net cash inflows of CHF 56.1 billion were generated by the overall decrease in operating assets and liabilities. Gross cash inflows of CHF 131.6 billion primary resulted from the reduction of reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities borrowed assets of CHF 102.4 billion. A key component of the gross cash outflows of CHF 75.5 billion was the reduction of the repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities lent liabilities of CHF 66.1 billion.

Investing activities

Net cash flow used in investing activities was CHF 14.8 billion compared with net cash flow generated of CHF 19.4 billion in 2011. The 2012 cash outflow primarily reflected the net investment in financial investments available­for­sale of CHF 13.9 billion. This includes gross cash inflows from sales and maturities of CHF 8,796 million and gross cash outflows from purchases of CHF 7,422 million related to restrict itthe Wealth Management Americas available­for­sale portfolio. The remaining net cash outflow of CHF 15,320 million almost entirely related to balances with an original maturityour multi-currency portfolio of three months or less. Prior period amounts have been restated.unencumbered, high-quality, short-term assets.

Financing activities

Net cash flow used in funding activities was CHF 38.0 billion in 2012, primarily reflecting net repayment of short­term debt issuances of CHF 38.0 billion. The net acquisition of treasury shares and own equity derivative activity of CHF 1.2 billion, dividends paid to UBS shareholders of CHF 0.4 billion and dividends paid on preferred securities reflected in non­controlling interests of CHF 0.3 billion also resulted in cash outflows, which were partly offset by the net issuance of long-term debt (issuances less redemptions) of CHF 1.8 billion. In 2011, financing activities generated net cash inflows of CHF 2.7 billion.

è

Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparabilityFinancial and other adjustments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more informationoperating performance

2011

As of 31 December 2011, cash and cash equivalents totaled CHF 85.6 billion, an increase of CHF 5.7 billion from 31 December 2010.

Operating activities

For the year ended 31 December 2011, net cash flows used in operating activities were CHF 14.2 billion compared with net cash flow generated from operating activities of CHF 13.4 billion in 2010. Net operating cash flow usedgenerated (before changes in operating assets and liabilities and income taxes paid, net of refunds) totaled CHF 0.73.0 billion in 2011, compared with net cash flow generated in 2010 of CHF 8.824.0 billion.

In 2011, net cash of CHF 47.316.9 billion was utilized by an overall

increase in operating assets. Thisassets and liabilities. Gross cash generation of CHF 66.4 billion primarily resulted from an increase of repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities lent liabilities of CHF 27.1 billion and from a decrease of net trading balances of CHF 17.2 billion. The gross cash consumption was mainly due to an increase in secured collateral trading positions (reverseof reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities borrowed)borrowed assets of CHF 67.067.3 billion and an increase in net due from/from / to banks of CHF 14.314.6 billion. These outflows were partially offset by cash inflows from operating assets of CHF 34.0 billion resulting from lower net trading portfolio, net replacement values and financial assets designated at fair value as well as reduced net loans/due to customers and accrued income, prepaid expenses and other assets including prime brokerage activities.

Net cash inflows of CHF 33.8 billion resulted from an overall increase in operating liabilities including net payments for income taxes, mainly reflecting an increase in repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities lent (secured collateral trading) of CHF 29.1 billion.

Investing activities

Net cash flow generated from investing activities was CHF 19.4 billion compared with CHF 4.1 billion in 2010. The 2011 cash inflow primarily reflected the net divestment of financial investments available-for-sale of CHF 20.3 billion, which included CHF 14.2 billion from the sale of our strategic investment portfolio.

Financing activities

Net cash flowinflow from UBS’s funding activities was CHF 2.7 billion, reflecting net cash inflow from net short-term debt issuances of CHF 15.3 billion, offset by cash outflows for the net redemption of long-term debt (repayments less issuances) of CHF 10.0 billion, net acquisition of treasury shares and own equity derivative activity of CHF 1.9 billion and redemptions and dividends paid on preferred securities reflected in non-controllingnon­controlling interests of CHF 0.7 billion. In 2010, financing activities generated net cash inflows of CHF 1.8 billion.

 

Financial and operating performance

2010

As of 31 December 2010, cash and cash equivalents increased to CHF 79.9 billion, CHF 7.0 billion higher than CHF 72.9 billion at the end of 2009.

Operating activities

Operating activities generated a cash inflow of CHF 13.4 billion in 2010 compared with a cash inflow of CHF 86.7 billion in 2009. Operating cash inflows (before changes in operating assets and liabilities and income taxes paid, net of refunds) totaled CHF 8.8 billion in 2010, a decrease of CHF 1.0 billion from 2009. Net profit improved CHF 10.0 billion compared with 2009.

Cash inflow of CHF 3.8 billion was generated by the net decrease in operating assets and cash inflow of CHF 1.3 billion was generated from the net increase in operating liabilities. Net payments to tax authorities related to income taxes were CHF 0.5 billion in 2010, almost unchanged from the previous year.

Investing activities

Net cash flow from investing activities was CHF 4.1 billion compared with cash flow used in investing activities of CHF 78.8 billion in 2009.

The net divestment of financial investments available-for-sale was CHF 4.2 billion.

Financing activities

In 2010, financing activities generated net cash inflows of CHF 1.8 billion. This reflected the cash outflow for redemptions and dividends paid on preferred securities reflected in non-controlling interests of CHF 2.1 billion, the issuance of CHF 78.4 billion of long-term debt and long-term debt repayments that totaled CHF 77.5 billion. Net short-term debt issued generated a net cash inflow of CHF 4.5 billion. In 2009, UBS had a net cash outflow of CHF 54.2 billion from financing activities.

Financial and operating performance

Wealth Management & Swiss Bank

 

Wealth Management & Swiss Bank

Business division reporting1

 

  As of or for the year ended % change from   As of or for the year ended % change from 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.09 31.12.10   31.12.12 31.12.11   31.12.10 31.12.11 
Net interest income   4,296    4,159    4,533    3     1,951    1,968     1,737    (1
         
Net fee and commission income   5,537    6,142    6,259    (10   4,275    4,363     4,964    (2
         
Net trading income   1,211    895    819    35     778    878     647    (11
         
Other income   7761   94    (88  726     37    425     (3  (91
         
Income   11,8201   11,291    11,523    5     7,040    7,634     7,345    (8
         
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   (90  (64  (133  41     1    11     11    (91
         
Total operating income   11,7301   11,226    11,390    4     7,041    7,645     7,356    (8
         
Personnel expenses   4,924    4,778    5,197    3     2,865    3,300     3,228    (13
         
General and administrative expenses   2,026    2,101    2,017    (4   1,360    1,192     1,264    14  
         
Services (to) / from other business divisions   (152  (61  (90  (149   243    318     449    (24
         
Depreciation of property and equipment   300    309    289    (3
Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment   159    165     163    (4
         
Amortization of intangible assets   37    19    67    95  
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets   7    37     19    (81
         
Total operating expenses   7,1352   7,147    7,480    0  
Total operating expenses2   4,634    5,012     5,123    (8
         
Business division performance before tax   4,5961   4,080    3,910    13     2,407    2,633     2,233    (9
         
Key performance indicators3           
         
Pre-tax profit growth (%)   12.6    4.3    (35.0    (8.6  17.9     (1.3 
         
Cost / income ratio (%)   60.4    63.3    64.9      65.8    65.7     69.7   
         
Net new money growth (%)4   3.5    3.1     (1.5 
      
Gross margin on invested assets (bps)5   89    101     92    (12
      
Additional information           
         
Average attributed equity (CHF billion)4   10.0    9.0    9.0    11  
Average attributed equity (CHF billion)6   4.0    5.0     4.4    (20
         
Return on attributed equity (RoaE) (%)   46.0    45.3    43.4      60.9    52.7     50.8   
         
BIS risk-weighted assets, Basel II (CHF billion)5   41.8    43.4    48.6    (4
BIS risk-weighted assets (CHF billion)7   17.3    16.6     16.9    4  
         
BIS risk-weighted assets, Basel 2.5 (CHF billion)5   41.8    N/A    N/A   
   
Return on risk-weighted assets, Basel II, gross (%)5   28.1    24.3    21.7   
Return on risk-weighted assets, gross (%)8   41.4    45.7     41.4   
         
Goodwill and intangible assets (CHF billion)   1.4    1.5    1.6    (7   1.4    1.4     1.5    0  
      
Net new money (CHF billion)4   26.3    23.5     (12.1 
         
Invested assets (CHF billion)   883    904    960    (2   821    750     768    9  
         
Client assets (CHF billion)   1,723    1,799    1,844    (4   951    875     920    9  
         
Loans, gross (CHF billion)   210.4    201.9    197.2    4     86.6    75.1     67.1    15  
         
Due to customers (CHF billion)   288.1    268.5    282.7    7     180.2    170.2     156.8    6  
         
Personnel (full-time equivalents)   27,334    27,752    27,548    (2   16,210    15,904     15,663    2  
         
Client advisors (full-time equivalents)   4,128    4,202     4,172    (2
      

1  1   Includes revenues from the sale of our strategic investment portfolio of CHF 722 million.  2   Operating expenses include restructuring charges of CHF 114 million.  Refer to “Note 37 Reorganizations1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and disposals”other adjustments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.information on the adoption of IAS 19R and changes to reporting segments.  2  Refer to “Note 37 Changes in organization” in the “Financial information” section of this report for information on restructuring charges.  3  For the definitions of our key performance indicators, refer to the “Measurement of performance” section of this report.4  Net new money excludes interest and dividend income.  5  Excludes any effect on profit or loss from a property fund (2012: gain of CHF 4 million, 2011: loss of CHF 22 million, 2010: loss of CHF 45 million).  6  Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information about the equity attribution framework.  57  Capital management data as of 31 December 2012 and 31 December 2011 isare disclosed in accordance with the Basel 2.5 framework. Comparative data under the new framework is not available for 31 December 2010 and 31 December 2009.2010. The comparative information under the Basel II framework is therefore provided. Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information.8  Based on Basel 2.5 risk-weighted assets for 2012. Based on Basel II risk-weighted assets for 2011 and 2010.

Financial and operating performance

 

Wealth Management

Business unit reportingRegional breakdown of key figures1,2

 

 

  As of or for the year ended  % change from 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.09  31.12.10 
Net interest income   1,968    1,737    1,853    13  
                  
Net fee and commission income   4,363    4,964    5,137    (12
                  
Net trading income   878    647    625    36  
                  
Other income   4251   (3  (189 
                  
Income   7,6341   7,345    7,427    4  
                  
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   11    11    45    0  
                  
Total operating income   7,6451   7,356    7,471    4  
                  
Personnel expenses   3,258    3,153    3,360    3  
                  
General and administrative expenses   1,192    1,264    1,182    (6
                  
Services (to) / from other business divisions   318    449    428    (29
                  
Depreciation of property and equipment   165    163    154    1  
                  
Amortization of intangible assets   37    19    67    95  
                  
Total operating expenses   4,9692   5,049    5,191    (2
                  
Business division performance before tax   2,6761   2,308    2,280    16  
                  
Key performance indicators3     
                  
Pre-tax profit growth (%)   15.9    1.2    (37.2 
                  
Cost/ income ratio (%)   65.1    68.7    69.9   
                  
Net new money (CHF billion)4   23.5    (12.1  (87.1 
                  
Gross margin on invested assets (bps)5   101    92    91    10  
                  
Swiss wealth management     
                  
Income   1,585    1,543    1,488    3  
                  
Net new money (CHF billion)4   1.1    0.8    (7.2 
                  
Invested assets (CHF billion)   126    137    140    (8
                  
Gross margin on invested assets (bps)   121    112    110    8  
                  
International wealth management     
                  
Income   6,049    5,802    5,939    4  
                  
Net new money (CHF billion)4   22.4    (12.9  (79.9 
                  
Invested assets (CHF billion)   624    631    685    (1
                  
Gross margin on invested assets (bps)5   97    88    88    10  
                  
Additional information     
                  
Average attributed equity (CHF billion)6   5.0    4.4    4.4    14  
                  
Return on attributed equity (RoaE) (%)   53.5    52.5    51.8   
                  
BIS risk-weighted assets, Basel II (CHF billion)7   16.6    16.9    17.9    (2
                  
BIS risk-weighted assets, Basel 2.5 (CHF billion)7   16.6    N/A    N/A   
                  
Return on risk-weighted assets, Basel II, gross (%)7   45.7    41.4    37.4   
                  
Goodwill and intangible assets (CHF billion)   1.4    1.5    1.6    (7
                  
Invested assets (CHF billion)   750    768    825    (2
                  
Client assets (CHF billion)   875    920    1,005    (5
                  
Loans, gross (CHF billion)   75.1    67.1    61.9    12  
                  
Due to customers (CHF billion)   170.2    156.8    182.6    9  
                  
Personnel (full-time equivalents)   15,904    15,663    15,408    2  
                  
Client advisors (full-time equivalents)   4,202    4,172    4,286    1  
                  
As of or for the year ended 31.12.12  Europe  Asia Pacific   Switzerland   Emerging
Markets
   of which:
ultra high
net worth
  of which:
Global Family
Office3
 
Net new money (CHF billion)4   (5.2  18.4     4.2     8.9     19.9    (0.2
                             
Net new money growth (%)4   (1.6  11.3     3.1     7.7     6.3    (0.6
                             
Invested assets (CHF billion)   344    196     145     127     362    43  
                             
Gross margin on invested assets (bps)   89    76     101     96     52    375 
                             
Client advisors (full-time equivalents)   1,620    987     782     668     8156   N/A  
                             

1Includes revenues from the sale of our strategic investment portfolio: Wealth Management CHF 433 million, of which CHF 79 million relate to Swiss wealth management and CHF 354 million relate to International wealth management.  21Operating expenses include restructuring charges of CHF 82 million. Refer to “Note 37 Reorganizations and disposals” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  3For the definitions of our key performance indicators, refer to the “Measurement of performance” section of this report.  2  Based on the Wealth Management business area structure, and excluding minor functions with 71 client advisors, and CHF 9 billion of invested assets, and CHF 0.0 billion of net new money inflows, which are mainly attributable to the employee share and option plan service provided to corporate clients and their employees.   3  Joint venture between Wealth Management and the Investment Bank. Since June 2012, Global Family Office is reported as a sub-segment of ultra high net worth and is included in the ultra high net worth figures.  4Excludes  Net new money excludes interest and dividend income.  5  Gross margin includes income booked in the Investment Bank. Gross margin only based on income booked in Wealth Management is 19 basis points.  65  Dedicated ultra high net worth units: 597 client advisors. Non-dedicated ultra high net worth units: 218 client advisors.

Financial and operating performance

Wealth Management

Business performance

2012

ExcludesResults

Pre­tax profit was CHF 2,407 million in 2012 compared with CHF 2,633 million in the previous year, which included a gain of CHF 433 million from the sale of our strategic investment portfolio in the third quarter of 2011. Operating expenses in 2012 included a credit to personnel expenses of CHF 358 million related to changes to our pension plans. Adjusted for these two items and restructuring costs, pre­tax profit decreased by CHF 207 million to CHF 2,075 million, partly reflecting the fact that the previous year benefited from CHF 103 million of accrued interest from the aforementioned strategic investment portfolio. Net new money was CHF 26.3 billion compared with CHF 23.5 billion in the prior year.

Operating income

Total operating income in 2012 was CHF 7,041 million compared with CHF 7,645 million in 2011. Adjusted for the gain on the sale of our strategic investment portfolio, total operating income declined by CHF 171 million, mainly because 2011 included CHF 103 million of interest income stemming from the abovementioned strategic investment portfolio.

è

Refer to the “Certain items affecting our results in 2011” sidebar in our Annual Report 2011 for more information on the sale of our strategic investment portfolio

Net interest income decreased by CHF 17 million to CHF 1,951 million, mainly as the previous year included CHF 103 million of interest income stemming from the abovementioned strategic investment portfolio. Moreover, net interest income was negatively affected by increased costs of CHF 69 million related to assets managed

centrally by Group Treasury and CHF 22 million lower allocations related to investment proceeds from the firm’s equity. These factors were largely offset by CHF 180 million higher product-related interest income, reflecting the beneficial effects of increases in client deposit and lending volumes.

Net fee and commission income declined by CHF 88 million to CHF 4,275 million, mainly reflecting lower recurring fees on discretionary business, investment funds and non-asset based fees, primarily resulting from the business transformation in Europe. This was partly offset by 4% higher transaction-based fees due to increased client activity levels in Asia Pacific throughout the year.

Trading income decreased by CHF 100 million to CHF 778 million, primarily due to lower treasury-related income and lower client activity following the reduced volatility on the foreign exchange market.

Other income was CHF 37 million compared with CHF 425 million in 2011, mainly as the prior year included the abovementioned gain on the sale of our strategic investment portfolio.

Operating expenses

Total operating expenses were CHF 4,634 million, down CHF 378 million from the prior year. Restructuring charges were CHF 26 million in 2012, down from CHF 82 million in the previous year. Adjusted for these restructuring costs and the abovementioned credit related to changes to our pension plans, costs increased by CHF 36 million to CHF 4,966 million.

Personnel expenses decreased to CHF 2,865 million from CHF 3,300 million in the previous year. Excluding the abovementioned factors, personnel expenses decreased by CHF 38 million, primarily reflecting lower accruals for variable compensation as well as reduced personnel expenses related to technology and operations costs. This was partially offset by higher personnel expenses of

Financial and operating performance

CHF 129 million due to the centralization of operations units from the business divisions in the Corporate Center on 1 July 2012. As Wealth Management previously obtained significant support from Retail & Corporate, the centralization and subsequent reallocation of operations units had the effect of reducing net charges from other business divisions and increasing personnel and non-personnel costs in 2012.

è

Refer to the “Significant accounting and financial reporting structure changes” section of this report for more information on changes related to the centralization of operations units

General and administrative expenses were CHF 1,360 million compared with CHF 1,192 million in 2011. This included higher investments in marketing and branding and increased charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters. Further, the aforementioned centralization of operations units in 2012 led to increased expenses of CHF 45 million in 2012.

Charges for services from other business divisions decreased to CHF 243 million from CHF 318 million, mainly due to the aforementioned lower allocations of CHF 175 million from the centralization of operations units, partially offset by higher allocations from other business transfers.

Depreciation was CHF 159 million compared with CHF 165 million in the prior year. Amortization of intangible assets was CHF 7 million, down from CHF 37 million in 2011, which included the impairment of intangible assets related to a past acquisition in the UK.

Cost/income ratio

The cost/income ratio in 2012 was 65.8%. On an adjusted basis excluding restructuring charges, the effect from the credit related to changes to our pension plans in 2012 and the gain from the sale of the strategic investment portfolio in 2011, the cost/income ratio increased 2.0 percentage points to 70.5% and was outside our target range of 60% to 70%.

Net new money growth

The net new money growth rate increased from 3.1% to 3.5% and was within our target range of 3% to 5%. The

strongest net inflows were recorded in Asia Pacific and emerging markets as well as globally from ultra high net worth clients. Europe reported net outflows in the offshore business, mainly related to clients from countries neighboring Switzerland. This was partly offset by net inflows in the European onshore business. Swiss wealth management reported increased net inflows compared with the prior year.

Invested assets

Invested assets were CHF 821 billion on 31 December 2012, representing an increase of CHF 71 billion from 31 December 2011. Positive market performance as well as net new money inflows were partially offset by negative currency effects, mainly resulting from a slight strengthening of the Swiss franc against the US dollar and the euro.

Gross margin on invested assets

In 2012, the gross margin on invested assets decreased 12 basis points to 89 basis points. Adjusted for the aforementioned gain on the sale of the strategic investment portfolio in the previous year, the gross margin declined 7 basis points to 89 basis points and was outside our target range of 95 to 105 basis points. The gross margin calculation excludes any effect on profit or loss from a property fund (2011: loss of 22 million, 2010: loss of CHF 45 million, 2009: loss of CHF 155 million).  fund.

6PersonnelRefer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information about the equity attribution framework.  7Capital management data as of

Wealth Management employed 16,210 personnel on 31 December 2011 is disclosed in accordance2012 compared with the Basel 2.5 framework. Comparative data under the new framework is not available for15,904 on 31 December 20102011. The abovementioned centralization and 31 December 2009. subsequent reallocation of personnel from operations units led to an increase of personnel. Excluding this effect, non-client-advisor staff and client advisors decreased mainly reflecting measures taken as a part of our cost reduction program announced in July 2011.

The comparative information undernumber of client advisors decreased to 4,128 from 4,202 in the Basel II framework is therefore provided. Referprior year due to reductions in more established markets, partly offset by further increases in the “Capital management” sectionstrategic growth areas of this report for more information.Asia Pacific and emerging markets.

Financial and operating performance

Business performanceWealth Management

 

2011

Results

Pre-tax profit was CHF 2,6762,633 million in 2011 compared with CHF 2,3082,233 million in 2010, and included a gain of CHF 433 million from the sale of our strategic investment portfolio and CHF 82 million of restructuring charges associated with our cost reduction program.charges. When adjusted for these two items, pre-tax profit was CHF 2,3252,282 million, slightly up from the previous year as adverse currency effects and reduced client activity were more than offset by ongoing cost management.

 è 

Refer to the “Certain items affecting our results in 2011” sidebar in our Annual Report 2011 for more information on our cost reduction program and the sale of our strategic investment portfolio

Operating income

OperatingTotal operating income was CHF 7,645 million compared with CHF 7,356 million. When adjusted for the gain on the sale of our strategic investment portfolio, total operating income declined 2% to CHF 7,212 million.

Net interest income increased 13% to CHF 1,968 million which included higher treasury-related income, partially due to interest income stemmingresulting from the strategic investment portfolio (which was acquired in late 2010) and an adjustment to the allocation of treasury-related income between Wealth Management and Retail & Corporate. Further, net interest income benefited from 10% higher average lending volumes. This was offset by margin pressure as a result of low market interest rates.

Net fee and commission income declined 12%. to CHF 4,363 million. This was mainly due to lower asset-based fees, reflecting a CHF 44 billion lower average invested asset base, primarily as a result of the strengthening Swiss franc and negative equity market performance. A deteriorationDeterioration in client activity, primarily in the second half of the year, impacted fee income. income further.

Trading income increased 36%, to CHF 878 million, due to higher income linked to foreign exchange and precious metal client trading activities as well as changes in the revenue-sharing agreement related to

the Investment Products & Services unit and higher treasury-related revenues.

Other income was CHF 425 million in 2011 due to the abovementionedabove-mentioned gain on the sale of our strategic investment portfolio.

Operating expenses

OperatingTotal operating expenses were CHF 5,012 million, down 2% from the prior year, or 3% excludingdown 4% when adjusted for restructuring charges associated with our cost reduction program.costs.

Personnel expenses increased 3%were CHF 3,300 million, an increase of 2% compared with the prior year.CHF 3,228 million in 2010. Excluding restructuring costs, personnel expenses were up 1%,stable, primarily reflecting lower accruals for variable compensation and a 4% increase in average headcount, which was partially offset by lower bonus accruals. headcount.

General and administrative expenses were CHF 1,192 million compared with CHF 1,264 million, in 2010, which included a charge of CHF 40 million for provisions for litigation, provisionregulatory and similar matters and a CHF 40 million charge to reimburse the Swiss government for costs incurred in connection with the US crossbordercross-border matter.

Charges for services from other business divisions were down significantly to CHF 318 million from CHF 449 million, mainly due to higher charges to other businesses in relation to the Investment Products & Services unit.

Depreciation was CHF 165 million compared with CHF 163 million one year earlier. Amortization of intangible assets was CHF 37 million, up from CHF 19 million, in 2010, mainly due to the impairment of intangible assets related to a past acquisition in the UK.

DevelopmentCost/income ratio

The cost/income ratio in 2011 was 65.7%, down 4.0 percentage points versus the previous year. If adjusted for the gain of invested assetsthe sale of the strategic investment portfolio and restructuring charges, the cost/income ratio was 68.5%.

Net new money growth

Net new money growth rate for 2011 was 3.1% compared with negative 1.5% in the prior year. Total wealth management net new money improved significantly, with net inflows of CHF 23.5

Financial and operating performance

billion compared with net outflows of CHF 12.1 billion in 2010, due to improvements in all regions and client segments. International wealth management net new money was CHF 22.4 billion compared with outflows of CHF 12.9 billion in the prior year.2010. The strongest net inflows were recorded in Asia Pacific and emerging markets as well as globally from ultra high net worth clients. Europe reported net outflows, mainly related to the offshore business with countries neighboring Switzerland partly offset by net inflows from the European onshore business. Swiss wealth management reported increased net inflows of CHF 1.1 billion in 2011 compared with CHF 0.8 billion net inflows the year before.prior year.

Invested assets

Invested assets were CHF 750 billion on 31 December 2011, a decrease of CHF 18 billion from 31 December 2010. Negative equity market performance as well as adverse currency effects, mainly resulting from a 3% decline in the value of the euro against the Swiss franc, more than offset net new money inflows and positive bond market performance.

Gross margin on invested assets

The gross margin on invested assets was 101 basis points. When adjusted for the abovementioned gain on the sale of our strategic investment portfolio, the gross margin was 96 basis points, an improvement of 4 basis points from the prior year. The gross margin calculation excludes any effect on profit or loss from a property fund.

Financial and operating performance

2010

ResultsPersonnel

InWealth Management employed 15,904 personnel on 31 December 2011 compared with 15,663 on 31 December 2010, pre-tax profitreflecting an increase of 30 client advisors and 211 non-client-advisors.

The number of client advisors increased 1% to CHF 2,308 million4,202 from CHF 2,280 million4,172 in 2009, mainly due to a 3% decreasethe prior year as client-facing staff increased in operating expenses. Operating income was down 2%,the strategic growth areas of Asia Pacific and was negatively affected by low market interest rates and the strengthening of the Swiss franc against major currencies.

Operating income

Total operating income was CHF 7,356 million, down 2% from CHF 7,471 million one year earlier. Interest income was down 6% due to pressure from the low interest rate environment and the decrease in value of the euro and US dollar against the Swiss franc. Fee income decreased 3% primarily due to lower asset-based fees, reflecting a 4% lower average asset base. Lower interest income wasemerging markets, partly offset by a shiftreductions in more established markets. The increase in non-client-advisors reflects the transfer of treasury-related revenuesapproximately 400 personnel from the Investment Bank and Retail & Corporate to Wealth Management, in the second quarter of 2010, impacting interest and trading income. Other income improved from negative CHF 189 million in 2009 to negative CHF 3 million in 2010 as CHF 155 million of revaluation adjustments on a property fund were included in 2009. Credit loss recoveries were CHF 11 million in 2010, down from CHF 45 million in 2009.

Operating expenses

Operating expenses declined 3% to CHF 5,049 million from CHF 5,191 million. Personnel expenses decreased 6% reflecting a reduction of average personnel levels by 9% and restructuring expenses of CHF 190 million in 2009. General and administrative expenses, at CHF 1,264 million, were up CHF 82 million from CHF 1,182 million a year earlier, mainly due to a CHF 40 million charge to reimburse the Swiss government for costs incurred in connection with the US cross-border matter, CHF 40 million litigation provision, and higher sponsorship and branding costs related to the global re-launch of the UBS brand. Charges for services from other business divisions, at CHF 449 million in 2010, were slightly up from CHF 428 million in the previous year. Depreciation was CHF 163 million compared with CHF 154 million a

year earlier. Amortization of intangible assets was CHF 19 million, down from CHF 67 million, mainly reflecting the impairment of intangible assets related to invested asset outflows in UBS (Bahamas) Ltd. in 2009.

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Refer to “Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies” in the “Financial information” section of our Annual Report 2010 for more information on allocation of additional Corporate Center costs to the business divisions in 2010

Development of invested assets

Net new money

During 2010, all regions and client segments saw an improvement in net new money as net outflows declined to CHF 12.1 billion from CHF 87.1 billion in 2009. International wealth management net new money outflows declined significantly to CHF 12.9 billion from CHF 79.9 billion. While Europe saw ongoing net outflows, partially due to discussions regarding tax treaties, net inflows were recorded in the Asia Pacific region as well as globally from ultra high net worth clients. Swiss wealth management reported net inflows of CHF 0.8 billion in 2010 compared with CHF 7.2 billion net outflows the year before. Net new money for 2010 included inflows of CHF 3.7 billion resulting from transfers of Investment Bank clients to Wealth Management, as part of forming the Global Family Office initiative.

Invested assets

Invested assets were CHF 768 billion on 31 December 2010, a decrease of CHF 57 billion from 31 December 2009, as positive equity market performanceInvestment Products & Services unit in 2011. This was more thanpartly offset by adverse currency effects including a 16% decline in valuelower allocation of the euro and an 11% decline in value of the US dollar against the Swiss franc, and net new money outflows in 2010. In Wealth Management, 31% of invested assets were denominated in euro and 31% in US dollars at the end of 2010.Corporate Center shared services personnel.

Gross margin on invested assets

The gross margin on invested assets increased 1 basis point to 92 basis points, reflecting 3% lower income (excluding any effect on profit or loss from a property fund), compared with a 4% decline in average invested assets.

 

Financial and operating performance

Wealth Management & Swiss Bank

Retail & Corporate

Business unit reporting

 

  As of or for the year ended  % change from 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.09  31.12.10 
Net interest income   2,328    2,422    2,681    (4
                  
Net fee and commission income   1,175    1,178    1,121    0  
                  
Net trading income   333    249    194    34  
                  
Other income   3501   97    100    261  
                  
Income   4,1861   3,946    4,096    6  
                  
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   (101  (76  (178  33  
                  
Total operating income   4,0851   3,870    3,918    6  
                  
Personnel expenses   1,666    1,625    1,836    3  
                  
General and administrative expenses   834    836    835    0  
                  
Services (to) / from other business divisions   (470  (509  (518  8  
                  
Depreciation of property and equipment   136    146    136    (7
                  
Amortization of intangible assets   0    0    0   
                  
Total operating expenses   2,1662   2,098    2,289    3  
                  
Business division performance before tax   1,9191   1,772    1,629    8  
                  
Key performance indicators3     
                  
Pre-tax profit growth (%)   8.3    8.8    (31.6 
                  
Cost / income ratio (%)   51.7    53.2    55.9   
                  
Impaired loans portfolio as a % of total loans portfolio, gross (%)4   0.7    0.9    1.1   
                  
Additional information     
                  
Average attributed equity (CHF billion)5   5.0    4.6    4.6    9  
                  
Return on attributed equity (RoaE) (%)   38.4    38.5    35.4   
                  
BIS risk-weighted assets, Basel II (CHF billion)6   25.2    26.5    30.8    (5
                  
BIS risk-weighted assets, Basel 2.5 (CHF billion)6   25.2    N/A    N/A   
                  
Return on risk-weighted assets, Basel II, gross (%)6   16.5    13.7    12.3   
                  
Goodwill and intangible assets (CHF billion)   0.0    0.0    0.0   
                  
Invested assets (CHF billion)   134    136    135    (1
                  
Client assets (CHF billion)   848    879    840    (4
                  
Loans, gross (CHF billion)   135.3    134.8    135.2    0  
                  
Due to customers (CHF billion)   117.9    111.7    100.1    6  
                  
Personnel (full-time equivalents)   11,430    12,089    12,140    (5
                  

1Includes revenues from the sale of our strategic investment portfolio of CHF 289 million.  2Operating expenses include restructuring charges of CHF 32 million. Refer to “Note 37 Reorganizations and disposals” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  3For the definitions of our key performance indicators, refer to the “Measurement of performance” section of this report.  4Refer to the “Risk management and control” section of this report for more information on impairment ratios.  5Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information about the equity attribution framework.  6Capital management data as of 31 December 2011 is disclosed in accordance with the Basel 2.5 framework. Comparative data under the new framework is not available for 31 December 2010 and 31 December 2009. The comparative information under the Basel II framework is therefore provided. Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information.

Financial and operating performance

Business performance

2011

Results

Pre-tax profit for 2011 was CHF 1,919 million, and included a CHF 289 million gain on the sale of our strategic investment portfolio as well as CHF 32 million in restructuring charges associated with our cost reduction program. When adjusted for these two items, pre-tax profit was CHF 1,662 million, down from CHF 1,772 million in 2010, primarily as a result of lower interest income caused by the ongoing low interest rate environment.

è

Refer to the “Certain items affecting our results in 2011” sidebar in this section of this report for more information on our cost reduction program and the sale of our strategic investment portfolio

Operating income

Total operating income increased to CHF 4,085 million from CHF 3,870 million, and included the above mentioned sale of our strategic investment portfolio. When adjusted for this gain, operating income was CHF 3,796 million, down 2% from the previous year.

Net interest income decreased 4% from the prior period, primarily due to a significant decline in the deposit margin as a result of low market interest rates, which more than offset growth of deposit volumes. In addition, net interest income was impacted by an adjustment to the allocation of treasury-related income between Wealth Management and Retail & Corporate. Low market interest rates also impacted income from our replication portfolio, resulting in lower net interest income. These effects more than offset higher interest income derived from the strategic investment portfolio which was acquired in late 2010. Net fee and commission income was CHF 1,175 million, virtually unchanged from CHF 1,178 million in 2010, as lower fees related to investment

funds were mostly offset by higher credit related fees and increased transaction-based revenues. Net trading income increased to CHF 333 million from CHF 249 million, mainly reflected higher treasury-related income and higher foreign exchange income linked to client trading activities. Other income was CHF 350 million compared with CHF 97 million in 2010 due to the above mentioned sale of our strategic investment portfolio. Credit loss expenses were CHF 101 million in 2011 compared with CHF 76 million in 2010. This was mostly due to a CHF 82 million increase in collective loan loss allowances, which were booked mainly in the third quarter of 2011.

è

Refer to the “Interest rate and currency management” section of this report for more information on our replication portfolio

è

Refer to “Note 1a) 11) Allowance and provision for credit losses” in the “Financial information” section of this report section for more information on collective loan loss allowances

Operating expenses

Operating expenses were CHF 2,166 million compared with CHF 2,098 million, partially impacted by the above mentioned restructuring charges. Excluding these charges, operating expenses increased by 2%. Personnel expenses increased to CHF 1,666 million from CHF 1,625 million. Excluding restructuring charges, personnel expenses were CHF 1,637 million, broadly unchanged from 2010 as salary increases were mostly offset by a 4% reduction in average personnel during 2011 and lower variable compensation accruals compared with 2010. General and administrative expenses were CHF 834 million compared with CHF 836 million in 2010. Net charges to other business divisions were CHF 470 million, down 8% from CHF 509 million the previous year, mainly due to a refinement of internal cost allocations reflecting a review of service level agreements and allocations between Retail & Corporate, Wealth Management and other parts of the organization. Depreciation was CHF 136 million compared with CHF 146 million.

Financial and operating performance

Wealth Management & Swiss Bank

2010

Results

In 2010, pre-tax profit increased 9% to CHF 1,772 million compared with CHF 1,629 million in 2009, mainly due to an 8% decrease in operating expenses. Operating income was slightly lower compared with the previous year as reduced interest income was only partly offset by lower credit loss expenses.

Operating income

Total operating income in 2010 was CHF 3,870 million, down 1% from CHF 3,918 million a year earlier. Interest income was down 10%, mainly as low market interest rates continued to exert downward pressure on interest margins. In addition, interest income decreased as approximately 30% of treasury related revenues were allocated from Retail & Corporate to Wealth Management starting in the second quarter of 2010. These effects were only partially compensated by higher volumes in certain products and improved margins on new mortgage loans. Fee and commission income

increased 5% to CHF 1,178 million from CHF 1,121 million, partly reflecting pricing initiatives initiated in 2010. Trading income increased from CHF 194 million to CHF 249 million, largely due to higher treasury related income. Net credit loss expenses were CHF 76 million in 2010, a decline of CHF 102 million.

Operating expenses

Operating expenses declined 8% to CHF 2,098 million from CHF 2,289 million due to cost-cutting measures initiated in 2009. Personnel expenses decreased 11%, reflecting a 4% reduction in average personnel levels and related restructuring expenses in 2009. General and administrative expenses were stable at CHF 836 million. Net charges to other business divisions were down 2% to CHF 509 million from CHF 518 million the previous year, largely due to business realignments between Wealth Management and Retail & Corporate. Depreciation was CHF 146 million compared with CHF 136 million.

è

Refer to “Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies” in the “Financial information” section of our Annual Report 2010 for more information on allocation of additional Corporate Center costs to the business divisions in 2010

Financial and operating performance

Wealth Management Americas

Business division reporting

 

  As of or for the year ended  % change from 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.09  31.12.10 
Net interest income   729    695    800    5  
                  
Net fee and commission income   4,018    4,244    3,948    (5
                  
Net trading income   450    570    763    (21
                  
Other income   103    56    36    84  
                  
Income   5,300    5,565    5,546    (5
                  
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   (6  (1  3    (500
                  
Total operating income   5,295    5,564    5,550    (5
                  
Personnel expenses   3,840    4,225    4,231    (9
                  

Financial advisor compensation1

   1,982    2,068    1,828    (4
                  

Compensation commitments and advances related to recruited financial advisors2

   536    599    599    (11
                  

Salaries and other personnel costs

   1,322    1,558    1,804    (15
                  
General and administrative expenses   783    1,223    1,017    (36
                  
Services (to) / from other business divisions   (9  (6  4    (50
                  
Depreciation of property and equipment   99    198    170    (50
                  
Impairment of goodwill   0    0    34   
                  
Amortization of intangible assets   48    55    62    (13
                  
Total operating expenses   4,7603   5,694    5,518    (16
                  
Business division performance before tax   534    (130  32   
                  
Key performance indicators4     
                  
Pre-tax profit growth (%)5   N/A    N/A    N/A   
                  
Cost / income ratio (%)   89.8    102.3    99.5   
                  
Net new money (CHF billion)6   12.1    (6.1  (11.6 
                  
Net new money including interest and dividend income (CHF billion)7   30.4    13.0    8.7   
                  
Gross margin on invested assets (bps)   79    80    81    (1
                  
Additional information     
                  
Average attributed equity (CHF billion)8   8.0    8.0    8.8    0  
                  
Return on attributed equity (RoaE) (%)   6.7    (1.6  0.4   
                  
BIS risk-weighted assets, Basel II (CHF billion)9   24.4    23.8    22.8    3  
                  
BIS risk-weighted assets, Basel 2.5 (CHF billion)9   26.1    N/A    N/A   
                  
Return on risk-weighted assets, Basel II, gross (%)9   22.3    23.8    23.5   
                  
Goodwill and intangible assets (CHF billion)   3.7    3.7    4.2    0  
                  
Invested assets (CHF billion)   709    689    690    3  
                  
Client assets (CHF billion)   746    738    737    1  
                  
Loans, gross (CHF billion)   27.9    22.5    21.5    24  
                  
Due to customers (CHF billion)   38.9    35.8    39.4    9  
                  

of which: deposit accounts (CHF billion)

   28.5    26.0    28.2    10  
                  
Personnel (full-time equivalents)   16,207    16,330    16,925    (1
                  
Financial advisors (full-time equivalents)   6,967    6,796    7,084    3  
                  

1Financial advisor compensation consists of grid-based compensation based directly on compensable revenues generated by financial advisors and supplemental compensation calculated based on financial advisor productivity, firm tenure, assets and other variables.  2Compensation commitments and advances related to recruited financial advisors represents costs related to compensation commitments and advances granted to financial advisors at the time of recruitment which are subject to vesting requirements.3Operating expenses include restructuring charges of CHF 10 million. Refer to “Note 37 Reorganizations and disposals” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  4For the definitions of our key performance indicators, refer to the “Measurement of performance” section of this report.  5Not meaningful and not included if either the reporting period or the comparison period is a loss period.6Excludes interest and dividend income.  7For purposes of comparison with a US peer.  8Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information about the equity attribution framework.  9Capital management data as of 31 December 2011 is disclosed in accordance with the Basel 2.5 framework. Comparative data under the new framework is not available for 31 December 2010 and 31 December 2009. The comparative information under the Basel II framework is therefore provided. Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information.

Financial and operating performance

Wealth Management Americas

Business division reporting (continued)

 

  As of or for the year ended   % change from 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.11   31.12.10  31.12.09   31.12.10 
Business division reporting excluding PaineWebber acquisition costs1       
                    
Business division performance before tax   620     (21  155    
                    
Cost / income ratio (%)   88.3     100.4    97.3    
                    
Average attributed equity (CHF billion)2   5.1     4.6    5.2     11  
                    

1Acquisition costs represent goodwill and intangible assets funding costs and intangible asset amortization costs related to UBS’s 2000 acquisition of the PaineWebber retail brokerage business.2Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information about the equity attribution framework.

Financial and operating performance

Business performance

2011

Results

Wealth Management Americas reported a pre-tax profit of CHF 534 million in 2011 compared with a pre-tax loss of CHF 130 million in 2010. This improved performance resulted from a 12% increase in revenue in US dollar terms due to increases in fees and commissions, interest income and gains on investments in our available-for-sale portfolio. Operating expenses declined 1% in US dollar terms as a result of significantly lower litigation provision charges and lower restructuring charges. In 2011, Wealth Management Americas incurred restructuring charges of CHF 10 million, while 2010 included restructuring charges of CHF 162 million. In addition, 2011 included a pre-tax gain of CHF 30 million, net of compensation charges related to a change in accounting estimates for certain mutual fund fees on an accrual basis.

Operating income

Operating income decreased 5% to CHF 5,295 million from CHF 5,564 million in 2010, but increased 12% in US dollar terms. Net fee and commission income decreased CHF 226 million to CHF 4,018 million, but increased 12% in US dollar terms. Recurring fees increased 15% in US dollar terms due to higher fees on managed accounts and mutual funds corresponding to higher invested asset levels. In addition, recurring fees included CHF 45 million related to the abovementioned change in accounting estimates for certain mutual fund fee income recognition. Transaction-based revenues declined 10%, but increased 6% in US dollar terms, due to higher income from insurance and annuities, alternative investments, and equities products. Interest income increased 5% to CHF 729 million, or 24% in US dollar terms, due to higher client balances in securities-based lending and mortgages, as well as from higher yields on lending products. In addition, 2011 included an upward adjustment reclassifying CHF 20 million from other comprehensive income relating to mortgage-backed securities in our available-for-sale portfolio to properly reflect estimated future cash flows under the effective interest method. This adjustment was not material to prior periods. Trading income declined 21% to CHF 450 million, or 7% in US dollar terms, due to lower taxable fixed income and municipal trading income, partly offset by higher trading income from structured notes. Other income increased 84% to CHF 103 million due to a CHF 81 million increase in realized gains on sales of financial investments held in UBS Bank USA’s available-for-sale portfolio, compared with CHF 4 million in the prior year. These gains resulted from rebalancing the investment portfolio for risk adjustment purposes within the parameters of our investment policy during the year. In addition, other income in 2010 included a CHF 7 million demutualization gain from Wealth Management Americas’ stake in the Chicago Board Options Exchange.

Operating expenses

Operating expenses decreased 16% to CHF 4,760 million from CHF 5,694, 1% in US dollar terms, due to lower non-personnel expenses. In 2011, operating expenses included CHF 10 million in restructuring charges compared with CHF 162 million in restructuring charges in 2010.

Personnel expenses were CHF 3,840 million, down 9% from CHF 4,225 million. Personnel expenses included CHF 5 million in restructuring charges compared with CHF 35 million in 2010. In US dollar terms, personnel expenses increased 7% due to a 13% increase in financial advisor compensation corresponding to higher revenue production, and a 6% increase in expenses for compensation commitments and advances related to recruited financial advisors. Salaries and other personnel costs declined 15%, but were broadly flat compared with 2010 in US dollar terms. Compensation advance balances were CHF 3,584 million as of 31 December 2011, up 15% from 31 December 2010, or 14% in US dollar terms. This increase included scheduled payments in early 2011 related to the second tranche of the GrowthPlus program. Compensation advances continue to be expensed over the life of the employees’ agreements on a straight-line amortization basis.

Non-personnel expenses decreased 37% to CHF 920 million from CHF 1,470 million, or 26% in US dollar terms. Non-personnel-related restructuring charges were CHF 5 million compared with CHF 127 million. General and administrative costs declined 36%, or 24% in US dollar terms, due to lower litigation provisions, which decreased to CHF 70 million from CHF 320 million, as well as lower restructuring charges related to real estate writedowns. This decline was partly offset by higher professional legal and consulting fees. Depreciation expenses declined 50%, or 41% in US dollar terms, due to lower restructuring charges related to the impairment of real estate assets and lower allocations from shared services areas in the Corporate Center.

Development of invested assets

Net new money

Net new money inflows were CHF 12.1 billion compared with outflows of CHF 6.1 billion in 2010. This turnaround was due to improved net inflows from net recruiting of financial advisors, including higher inflows from recruitment of experienced financial advisors, and lower outflows from financial advisor attrition. Net new money from financial advisors employed with UBS for more than one year remained positive, but declined from 2010. Including interest and dividend income, Wealth Management Americas had net new money inflows of CHF 30.4 billion in 2011 compared with CHF 13.0 billion in 2010.

91


Financial and operating performance

Wealth Management Americas

Invested assets

Wealth Management Americas had CHF 709 billion in invested assets on 31 December 2011, up 3% from CHF 689 billion on 31 December 2010. In US dollar terms, invested assets increased 2% due to positive net new money including interest and dividend income, partly offset by negative market performance. As of 31 December 2011, managed account assets were 7% higher than one year earlier at CHF 190 billion. In US dollar terms, managed account assets increased 6% and comprised 27% of invested assets compared with 26% on 31 December 2010.

Gross margin on invested assets

The gross margin on invested assets was 79 basis points in 2011, down from 80 basis points in 2010. This reflected a 5% decrease in income compared with a 3% decrease in average invested assets. In US dollar terms, the gross margin on invested assets increased by 2 basis points to 80 basis points in 2011, reflecting a 12% increase in income compared with a 10% increase in average invested assets. Growth in net interest income, net fee and commission income, and other income each contributed a 1 basis point increase to the gross margin, partly offset by a decline of 1 basis point attributable to lower trading income.

92


Financial and operating performance

2010

Results

Wealth Management Americas reported a pre-tax loss of CHF 130 million in 2010 compared with a pre-tax profit of CHF 32 million in 2009. In 2010, Wealth Management Americas incurred restructuring charges of CHF 162 million, while 2009 included restructuring charges of CHF 152 million and net goodwill impairment charges of CHF 19 million related to the sale of UBS Pactual. Excluding these items, pre-tax performance would have declined to a profit of CHF 32 million in 2010 from CHF 203 million in 2009, primarily resulting from a significant increase in litigation provisions in 2010 to CHF 320 million from CHF 54 million in 2009.

Operating income

Operating income of CHF 5,564 million was essentially flat compared with CHF 5,550 million in 2009, but increased 4% in US dollar terms. Net fee and commission income increased 7%, 12% in US dollar terms, to CHF 4,244 million due to a 15% rise in recurring fees, as a result of higher fees from managed accounts and mutual funds related to higher invested assets, and a 6% increase in transaction-based revenue. Interest income declined 13% to CHF 695 million, a decrease of 10% in US dollar terms, due to lower investment portfolio interest income, partly offset by higher income from securities-backed lending. Net trading income declined 25% to CHF 570 million, 22% in US dollar terms, due to lower municipal trading income. Other income increased 56% to CHF 56 million, and included a reclassification of revenues from net trading income as well as a CHF 7 million demutualization gain from Wealth Management Americas’ stake in the Chicago Board Options Exchange.

Operating expenses

Operating expenses increased 3% to CHF 5,694 million from CHF 5,518 million. In 2010, operating expenses included CHF 162 million in restructuring charges compared with CHF 152 million in 2009. Additionally, 2009 included CHF 34 million in goodwill impairment charges related to the sale of UBS Pactual (of which CHF 15 million was charged to the Corporate Center, as this was related to foreign exchange exposures managed by Group Treasury).

    Personnel expenses were CHF 4,225 million in 2010, down slightly from CHF 4,231 million in the previous year. In US dollar terms, personnel expenses increased 4%. Excluding CHF 35 million in restructuring charges in 2010 and CHF 71 million in restructuring charges in 2009, personnel expenses would have increased 1% from the previous year. This increase was due primarily to higher financial advisor compensation related to higher revenue production and the introduction of the GrowthPlus incentive compensation program in 2010, partly offset by lower salaries and other personnel costs, resulting from restructuring initiatives in 2010 and 2009. Expenses for compensation commit-

ments and advances related to recruited financial advisors were flat from 2009, but increased 4% in US dollar terms. Compensation advance balances were CHF 3,112 million as of 31 December 2010, down 4% from 31 December 2009, but increased 7% in US dollar terms.

Non-personnel expenses increased 14% to CHF 1,470 million from CHF 1,287 million, principally due to higher litigation provisions, which increased to CHF 320 million from CHF 54 million. Non-personnel expenses included CHF 127 million in restructuring charges in 2010 related to real estate writedowns, while 2009 included restructuring charges of CHF 82 million and the abovementioned goodwill impairment charges. In addition, non-personnel costs included a shift of expenses from the Corporate Center to the business divisions in 2010.

è

Refer to “Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies” in the “Financial information” section of our Annual Report 2010 for more information on allocation of additional Corporate Center costs to the business divisions in 2010

Development of invested assets

Net new money

Net new money outflows for Wealth Management Americas were CHF 6.1 billion compared with CHF 11.6 billion in the prior year.

We experienced net new money outflows during the first half of 2010, mainly due to financial advisor attrition and limited recruiting of experienced financial advisors. Net new money turned positive in the second half of 2010 due to improved financial advisor retention and improved net new money inflows from financial advisors employed with UBS for more than one year. Including interest and dividend income, net new money inflows of CHF 13.0 billion in 2010 improved from CHF 8.7 billion in 2009.

In 2010, Wealth Management Americas recorded CHF 2.2 billion of net new money inflows related to the inclusion of invested assets of certain retirement plan assets not custodied at UBS, as discussed below in the “Invested assets” section.

Invested assets

Invested assets were CHF 689 billion on 31 December 2010, broadly flat compared with CHF 690 billion on 31 December 2009. In US dollar terms, invested assets increased 12%, primarily due to positive market performance in the second half of 2010. During the course of the year, Wealth Management Americas conducted a review of its invested assets reporting and determined that, going forward, certain retirement plan assets custodied away from UBS should be included in invested assets. As a result, invested assets increased by CHF 22 billion at year end and net new money inflows increased by CHF 2.2 billion. Managed account assets increased 5% to CHF 177 billion as of 31 December 2010, from CHF 168 billion on 31 December 2009. In US dollar terms, managed account assets increased 18% and comprised 26% of invested assets compared with 24% on 31 December 2009.

93


Financial and operating performance

Wealth Management Americas

Gross margin on invested assets

The gross margin on invested assets was 80 basis points, down from 81 basis points, as income increased only slightly, while average invested assets increased 2%. In US dollar terms, the gross margin on invested assets decreased 3 basis points to 78 basis

points, as income growth of 4% was outpaced by an 8% rise in average invested assets. This margin decrease was due to declines in net trading income and interest of 3 basis points and 2 basis points, respectively, partly offset by an increase of 2 basis points from net fees and commissions.

94


Financial and operating performance

Global Asset Management

Business division reporting

 

  As of or for the year ended  % change from 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.09  31.12.10 
Net management fees1   1,704    1,918    1,904    (11
                  
Performance fees   99    141    233    (30
                  
Total operating income   1,803    2,058    2,137    (12
                  
Personnel expenses   955    1,096    996    (13
                  
General and administrative expenses   375    400    387    (6
                  
Services (to) / from other business divisions   (1  (5  (74  80  
                  
Depreciation of property and equipment   38    43    36    (12
                  
Impairment of goodwill   0    0    340   
                  
Amortization of intangible assets   8    8    13    0  
                  
Total operating expenses   1,3752   1,542    1,698    (11
                  
Business division performance before tax   428    516    438    (17
                  
Key performance indicators3     
                  
Pre-tax profit growth (%)   (17.1  17.8    (67.1 
                  
Cost/ income ratio (%)   76.3    74.9    79.5   
                  
Information by business line     
                  
Income     
                  
Traditional investments   1,097    1,259    1,319    (13
                  
Alternative and quantitative investments   253    325    405    (22
                  
Global real estate   263    258    185    2  
                  
Infrastructure and private equity4   24    14    13    71  
                  
Fund services   165    202    214    (18
                  
Total operating income   1,803    2,058    2,137    (12
                  
Gross margin on invested assets (bps)     
                  
Traditional investments   23    25    26    (8
                  
Alternative and quantitative investments   76    88    102    (14
                  
Global real estate   72    68    47    6  
                  
Infrastructure and private equity4   83    130    114    (36
                  
Total gross margin   33    36    37    (8
                  
Net new money (CHF billion)5     
                  
Traditional investments   0.0    4.2    (40.6 
                  
Alternative and quantitative investments   (0.8  (3.2  (6.7 
                  
Global real estate   1.6    0.6    1.4   
                  
Infrastructure and private equity4   3.5    0.1    0.1   
                  
Total net new money   4.3    1.8    (45.8 
                  

Net new money excluding money market flows

   9.0    8.2    (33.7 
                  

of which: from third parties

   12.2    16.2    (6.8 
                  

of which: from UBS’s wealth management businesses

   (3.1)   (8.1  (26.9 
                  

Money market flows

   (4.7  (6.4  (12.1 
                  

of which: from third parties

   0.2    2.0    1.7   
                  

of which: from UBS’s wealth management businesses

   (5.0)   (8.3  (13.8 
                  

1Net management fees include transaction fees, fund administration revenues (including interest and trading income from lending business and foreign exchange hedging as part of the fund services offering), gains or losses from seed money and co-investments, funding costs and other items that are not performance fees.  2  Operating expenses include restructuring charges of CHF 26 million. Refer to “Note 37 Reorganizations and disposals” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  3  For the definitions of our key performance indicators, refer to the “Measurement of performance” section of this report.  4  With effect from 2011, the Infrastructure and private equity fund of funds businesses were transferred from Alternative and quantitative investments to Infrastructure. Following the transfer it was renamed Infrastructure and private equity. As the amounts were not material, prior periods were not restated.  5  Excludes interest and dividend income.

Financial and operating performance

Global Asset Management

Business division reporting (continued)

 

  As of or for the year ended  % change from 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.09  31.12.10 
Invested assets (CHF billion)     
                  
Traditional investments   497    487    502    2  
                  

of which: money market funds

   92    96    111    (4
                  
Alternative and quantitative investments   31    34    41    (9
                  
Global real estate   38    36    39    6  
                  
Infrastructure and private equity1   8    1    1    700  
                  
Total invested assets   574    559    583    3  
                  
Assets under administration by fund services     
                  
Assets under administration (CHF billion)2   375    390    406    (4
                  
Net new assets under administration (CHF billion)3   (5.5  (0.8  (59.7 
                  
Gross margin on assets under administration (bps)   4    5    5    (20
                  
Additional information     
                  
Average attributed equity (CHF billion)4   2.5    2.5    2.8    0  
                  
Return on attributed equity (RoaE) (%)   17.1    20.6    15.9   
                  
BIS risk-weighted assets, Basel II (CHF billion)5   3.6    3.5    4.1    3  
                  
BIS risk-weighted assets, Basel 2.5 (CHF billion)5   3.6    N/A    N/A   
                  
Return on risk-weighted assets, Basel II, gross (%)5   50.6    56.8    37.7   
                  
Goodwill and intangible assets (CHF billion)   1.5    1.5    1.7    0  
                  
Personnel (full-time equivalents)   3,750    3,481    3,471    8  
                  

1With effect from 2011, the Infrastructure and private equity fund of funds businesses were transferred from Alternative and quantitative investments to Infrastructure. Following the transfer it was renamed Infrastructure and private equity. As the amounts were not material, prior periods were not restated.  2This includes UBS and third-party fund assets, for which the fund services unit provides legal fund set-up and registration services, valuation, accounting and reporting and shareholder services.  3Inflows of assets under administration from new and existing funds less outflows from existing funds or fund exits.  4Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information about the equity attribution framework.  5Capital management data as of 31 December 2011 is disclosed in accordance with the Basel 2.5 framework. Comparative data under the new framework is not available for 31 December 2010 and 31 December 2009. The comparative information under the Basel II framework is therefore provided. Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information.

Financial and operating performance

Business performance

2011

Results

Pre-tax profit for 2011 was CHF 428 million compared with CHF 516 million in 2010. Lower net management fees and lower performance fees, primarily in alternative and quantitative investments, were only partially offset by lower expenses, which included CHF 26 million in restructuring charges associated with both our cost reduction program and the acquisition of the ING Investment Management business in Australia.

Operating income

Total operating income was CHF 1,803 million in 2011 compared with CHF 2,058 million in 2010. This decrease was mainly due to lower net management fees, primarily as a result of negative market performance and the strengthening of the Swiss franc over most of the year leading to lower average invested assets. Performance fees were also lower, primarily in alternative and quantitative investments.

Operating expenses

Total operating expenses were CHF 1,375 million in 2011 compared with CHF 1,542 million in 2010, mainly due to lower personnel costs as well as lower general and administrative expenses, both partly due to the strengthening of the Swiss franc and savings associated with our cost reduction program. A total of CHF 26 million in restructuring charges was incurred in 2011, of which CHF 19 million related to our cost reduction program and CHF 7 million related to the ING Investment Management business acquisition.

Personnel expenses were CHF 955 million in 2011 compared with CHF 1,096 million in 2010, mainly due to lower accruals for variable compensation as a result of lower profits, the strengthening of the Swiss franc and savings associated with our cost reduction program.

General and administrative expenses were CHF 375 million in 2011 compared with CHF 400 million in 2010, mainly due to lower premises, IT and advertising costs as well as the reversal of previously recognized expenses of CHF 9 million related to a past business closure.

Net charges to other business divisions were CHF 1 million in 2011 compared with CHF 5 million in 2010.

Development of invested assets

Net new money

Excluding money market flows, net new money inflows from third parties were CHF 12.2 billion in 2011 compared with net inflows

of CHF 16.2 billion in 2010, and net outflows from clients of UBS’s wealth management businesses were CHF 3.1 billion compared with net outflows of CHF 8.1 billion. The flows from UBS’s wealth management businesses included two transfers of investment management and research responsibility from Wealth Management & Swiss Bank to Global Asset Management: a CHF 1.8 billion multi-manager alternative fund was transferred to alternative and quantitative investments, and CHF 2.9 billion in private equity funds of funds were transferred to infrastructure and private equity. It should be noted that these assets are reported as invested assets in both business divisions, as Wealth Management & Swiss Bank continues to advise the clients of the funds.

Money market net inflows from third parties were CHF 0.2 billion compared with CHF 2.0 billion in 2010, and money market net outflows from clients of UBS’s wealth management businesses were CHF 5.0 billion compared with CHF 8.3 billion in 2010.

Invested assets

Total invested assets increased to CHF 574 billion on 31 December 2011 from CHF 559 billion on 31 December 2010, mainly due to the addition of CHF 25 billion from the ING Investment Management business acquisition, which was partly offset by negative market performance. As agreed prior to the acquisition, portions of the acquired invested assets are being sold or redeemed in the first half of 2012. These further actions are expected to result in a net divestment of approximately half of the acquired invested assets in the first half of 2012.

Invested assets varied considerably during the year but were on average lower due to market volatility and currency movements. Taking the year as a whole, the currency impact on invested assets was flat, while positive net new money was more than offset by negative market performance.

Gross margin on invested assets

The gross margin was 33 basis points in 2011 compared with 36 basis points in 2010, reflecting lower performance fees, primarily in alternative and quantitative investments.

Results by business line

Traditional investments

Revenueswere CHF 1,097 million compared with CHF 1,259 million, predominantly reflecting lower average invested assets as a result of negative market performance and the strengthening of the Swiss franc over most of the year.

Thegross marginwas 23 basis points compared with 25 basis points in 2010, mainly due to changes in the asset mix.

Net new moneyinflows were nil compared with CHF 4.2 billion inflows in the prior year. Excluding money market flows, net

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Financial and operating performance

Global Asset Management

new money inflows were CHF 4.7 billion compared with CHF 10.6 billion. Equities net inflows were CHF 4.7 billion compared with CHF 7.5 billion. Fixed income net inflows were CHF 5.7 billion compared with CHF 9.7 billion. Multi-asset net outflows (which included flows related to alternative investments not managed by the alternative and quantitative investments, global real estate or infrastructure and private equity investment areas) were CHF 5.7 billion compared with CHF 6.6 billion.

Invested assetswere CHF 497 billion on 31 December 2011 compared with CHF 487 billion on 31 December 2010, mainly due to the ING Investment Management business acquisition, partially offset by negative market performance. By mandate type, CHF 141 billion of invested assets related to equities, CHF 141 billion to fixed income, CHF 92 billion to money markets and CHF 123 billion to multi-asset mandates (including CHF 6 billion of alternative investments not managed by the alternative and quantitative investments, global real estate or infrastructure and private equity investment areas).

Alternative and quantitative investments

Revenueswere CHF 253 million compared with CHF 325 million, mainly due to performance fees being lower by CHF 50 million, which also contributed to the decline in thegross marginto 76 basis points from 88 basis points. Management fees were also lower, primarily due to lower average invested assets.

Net new moneyoutflows were CHF 0.8 billion compared with net outflows of CHF 3.2 billion. The flows included a CHF 1.8 billion inflow related to the transfer of investment management and research responsibility for a multi-manager alternative fund from Wealth Management & Swiss Bank.

Invested assetswere CHF 31 billion on 31 December 2011 compared with CHF 34 billion on 31 December 2010. The transfer within Global Asset Management of infrastructure and private equity fund of funds businesses to infrastructure and private equity with effect from 1 July 2011 was partially offset by the abovementioned transfer from Wealth Management & Swiss Bank.

Global real estate

Revenueswere CHF 263 million compared with CHF 258 million, mainly due to higher transaction and performance fees, which more than offset the currency impact from the strengthening of the Swiss franc. As a result, thegross marginincreased to 72 basis points compared with 68 basis points.

Net new moneyinflows were CHF 1.6 billion compared with CHF 0.6 billion in 2010.

Invested assetswere CHF 38 billion on 31 December 2011, increased from CHF 36 billion on 31 December 2010, mainly due to net new money inflows.

Infrastructure and private equity

Revenueswere CHF 24 million compared with CHF 14 million. The increase was mainly due to a one-time distribution fee from a coinvestment in the UBS International Infrastructure Fund and the transfer of infrastructure and private equity fund of funds busi-

nesses from alternative and quantitative investments. As a result of this transfer, the name of this business line changed to infrastructure and private equity.

Net new moneyinflows were CHF 3.5 billion compared with CHF 0.1 billion in 2010, mainly due to a CHF 2.9 billion inflow resulting from a transfer of investment management and research responsibilities for private equity funds of funds from Wealth Management & Swiss Bank.

Invested assetswere CHF 8 billion on 31 December 2011 compared with CHF 1 billion on 31 December 2010. This increase mainly related the abovementioned transfer from Wealth Management & Swiss Bank and to the transfer within Global Asset Management of infrastructure and private equity fund of funds businesses from alternative and quantitative investments with effect from 1 July 2011.

Fund services

Revenueswere CHF 165 million compared with CHF 202 million, mainly due to lower administrative fees resulting from lower average assets under administration and lower interest income.

Thegross marginon assets under administration was 4 basis points compared with 5 basis points.

Net new assets under administrationoutflows were CHF 5.5 billion compared with CHF 0.8 billion.

Totalassets under administrationwere CHF 375 billion compared with CHF 390 billion due to negative market performance and currency impact as well as net outflows.

Investment performance

Widespread macro-economic uncertainty led to heightened market volatility in 2011, making it a challenging year for fundamentally- based managers. Our actively-managed traditional strategies struggled in this environment, but alternative strategies generally performed well.

    Core/value equitystrategies generally underperformed their benchmarks in 2011, largely as most were less favorably positioned for the market stresses that dominated in the third quarter. Key global, European and US large cap strategies performed below benchmarks and peer averages. By contrast, the concentrated pan-European strategy beat its benchmark and peer average, as did most Asian and emerging markets strategies. Notably, concentrated pan-European, emerging markets and global sustainable and responsible strategies all exceeded their benchmarks in each of the last three calendar years. Among small cap strategies, Australia performed especially well in 2011 and, in common with European and Swiss small cap equity, also exceeded benchmark in each of the last three calendar years. Over three years, on an annualized basis, key global, global ex-US, pan-European, Asian, emerging markets and Australian large cap equity capabilities were clearly ahead of their benchmarks, while US large cap was behind.

After performing well in 2010, the majority ofgrowth equitystrategies struggled to match those gains in 2011. The flagship

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Financial and operating performance

US large cap growth select strategy finished well ahead of peers in 2011, despite being modestly behind its benchmark for the year. A notable leader versus benchmark and peers was US small cap growth, which has exceeded its benchmark in each of the last three calendar years. The majority of key growth equity strategies were well ahead of benchmarks over three years to end of 2011.

Performance ofstructured equitystrategies was mixed in 2011, with some global, US, UK and Japan active strategies beating benchmarks. US active, a quantitative large cap strategy, comfortably outperformed both benchmark and peers, and exceeded its benchmark in each of the last three calendar years. US market neutral, an alternative fundamentally-based large cap strategy, provided a solid positive return above cash for the year. The majority of active structured equity strategies were ahead of benchmarks over three years. Passive strategies and exchange traded funds met their objectives in 2011 by maintaining high tracking accuracy despite volatile markets.

During the year, uncertainty surrounding peripheral European sovereigns was a dominant factor infixed incomemarkets. Many of our fixed income strategies underperformed their benchmarks for the year but remained relatively strong over three years. The one-year underperformance was consistent across most regions and strategies and was evident in both traditional global and local bond strategies (such as Australian, Canadian, Swiss, UK and US) and in some extended sectors (such as emerging markets, high yield and Asian bonds). Some higher alpha strategies (such as global fixed income opportunities and US core plus) as well as some individual regional strategies (such as euro corporates and Japanese bond) outperformed benchmarks for the year. Many strategies lagged peer averages over the year, although three-year peer rankings were better. Money market funds continued to achieve their capital preservation objectives.

Absolute performance of key multi-asset strategies managed byglobal investment solutionswas negative in 2011 and relative performance was slightly negative versus benchmark. Longer-term track records remained strong and, over three years, key strategies were predominantly in the first quartile versus peers. After a solid

first half of 2011, the strategies were positioned defensively in the second half of the year, leading to relative underperformance when markets rebounded. The stand-alone active currency strategy posted negative returns for the year but was positive over longer periods.

Absolute return strategies managed by global investment solutions continued to strengthen their position and were in the first quartile versus peers over three years. Business cycle-driven strategies delivered solid, close-to-flat one-year performance and were in the first quartile versus peers. For convertibles, the strategies had a difficult year overall in both absolute and relative terms, although longer-term track records remained strong.

Inalternative and quantitative investments, hedge funds continued to navigate a challenging market environment. Core O’Connor single manager funds posted positive returns and outperformed most peers on an absolute and risk-adjusted basis. In the multi-manager business, returns were mixed across strategies. Non-market neutral portfolios were slightly negative, while relative value and fixed income arbitrage-oriented portfolios were positive for the year.

Inglobal real estate, the majority of direct European strategies generated positive absolute returns for 2011. The Swiss composite outperformed its benchmark for the year. The flagship UK fund outperformed its benchmark for the year and retained its upper quartile position versus peers. US real estate and farmland strategies produced strong positive absolute returns for 2011. In Japan, the flagship J-REIT underperformed its benchmark. In real estate securities strategies, the global strategy underperformed benchmark while the Swiss flagship strategy outperformed. Multi-manager strategies produced positive absolute returns for the year.

Ininfrastructure and private equity, the acquisition in June 2011 of a material stake in Gassled, the world’s largest offshore gas transmission system, meant the flagship direct infrastructure strategy was close to fully invested. The strategy performed in line with its return objectives. Infrastructure fund of funds performance continued to improve throughout the year. Private equity fund of funds strategies performed broadly in line with expectations.

Financial and operating performance

Global Asset Management

2010

Results

Pre-tax profit for 2010 was CHF 516 million compared with CHF 438 million in 2009. Excluding a net goodwill impairment charge of CHF 191 million related to the sale of UBS Pactual in 2009, pre-tax profit decreased by CHF 113 million.

Operating income

Total operating income was CHF 2,058 million compared with CHF 2,137 million. Lower performance fees and revenues following the sale of UBS Pactual were partly offset by reduced co-investment losses in real estate and lower operational losses.

Operating expenses

Total operating expenses were CHF 1,542 million compared with CHF 1,698 million. Excluding the abovementioned goodwill impairment and restructuring charges of CHF 48 million in 2009, operating expenses increased by CHF 83 million in 2010, mainly due to increased personnel expenses. This increase was partly offset by reduced non-personnel expenses as a result of cost-saving initiatives in 2009 and lower expenses following the sale of UBS Pactual. In addition, non-personnel costs included an additional allocation of expenses to the business divisions from the Corporate Center in 2010.

Personnel expenses were CHF 1,096 million compared with CHF 996 million, mainly due to increased expenses for deferred variable compensation in prior years, partly offset by lower fixed compensation costs as a result of headcount reductions in 2009 and reduced expenses following the sale of UBS Pactual.

General and administrative expenses were CHF 400 million compared with CHF 387 million, mainly due to higher sponsoring and branding costs. The increase was partly offset by lower expenses following the sale of UBS Pactual.

Net charges to other business divisions were CHF 5 million compared with CHF 74 million. Excluding a charge to the Corporate Center of CHF 149 million in 2009, we recorded net charges from other business divisions of CHF 75 million. The total 2009 goodwill impairment charge related to the sale of UBS Pactual was CHF 340 million, of which CHF 149 million was charged to the Corporate Center.

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Refer to “Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies” in the “Financial information” section of our Annual Report 2010 for more information on allocation of additional Corporate Center costs to the business divisions in 2010

Development of invested assets

Net new money

Excluding money market flows, net new money inflows from third parties were CHF 16.2 billion in 2010 compared with net outflows of CHF 6.8 billion in 2009, and net outflows from cli-

ents of UBS’s wealth management businesses were CHF 8.1 billion compared with CHF 26.9 billion. The flows from UBS’s wealth management businesses included a CHF 2.5 billion transfer of investment management responsibility for the US hedge fund of funds business from Wealth Management Americas to Global Asset Management’s alternative and quantitative investments business.

Money market net inflows from third parties were CHF 2.0 billion compared with CHF 1.7 billion, and money market net outflows from clients of UBS’s wealth management businesses were CHF 8.3 billion compared with CHF 13.8 billion in 2009.

Invested assets

Total invested assets were CHF 559 billion on 31 December 2010 compared with CHF 583 billion on 31 December 2009. Negative currency effects were only partly offset by positive market movements and net new money inflows.

Gross margin on invested assets

The gross margin was 36 basis points in 2010 compared with 37 basis points in 2009, reflecting lower performance fees primarily in alternative and quantitative investments, partly offset by lower co-investment losses in real estate and lower operational losses.

Results by business line

Traditional investments

Revenueswere CHF 1,259 million compared with CHF 1,319 million, as lower operational losses were more than offset by decreased revenues following the sale of UBS Pactual in 2009.

Thegross marginwas 25 basis points compared with 26 basis points in the prior year, mainly due to lower performance fees and decreased revenues following the sale of UBS Pactual.

Net new moneyinflows were CHF 4.2 billion compared with net outflows of CHF 40.6 billion in the prior year. Excluding money market flows, net new money inflows were CHF 10.6 billion compared with net outflows of CHF 28.4 billion in the prior year. Equities net inflows were CHF 7.5 billion compared with net outflows of CHF 8.2 billion. Fixed income net inflows were CHF 9.7 billion compared with net outflows of CHF 5.6 billion. Multi-asset net outflows (which included flows related to alternative investments not managed by the alternative and quantitative investments, global real estate or infrastructure and private equity investment areas) were CHF 6.6 billion compared with net outflows of CHF 14.6 billion.

Invested assetswere CHF 487 billion on 31 December 2010 compared with CHF 502 billion on 31 December 2009. The net decrease reflects negative currency effects, partly offset by positive market movements and net new money inflows.

Alternative and quantitative investments

Revenueswere CHF 325 million compared with CHF 405 million due to lower performance fees, which also resulted in agross marginof 88 basis points compared with 102 basis points.

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Financial and operating performance

Net new moneyoutflows were CHF 3.2 billion compared with net outflows of CHF 6.7 billion. Net new money in 2010 included CHF 2.5 billion related to the transfer of investment management responsibility for US hedge fund business from Wealth Management Americas to alternative and quantitative investments. These assets are reported as invested assets in both business divisions as Wealth Management Americas continues to advise the clients of these funds.

Invested assetswere CHF 34 billion on 31 December 2010 compared with CHF 41 billion on 31 December 2009 due to negative currency effects and net new money outflows, partly offset by positive market movements.

Global real estate

Revenueswere CHF 258 million compared with CHF 185 million, mainly due to lower co-investment losses and higher performance fees. As a result, thegross marginwas higher at 68 basis points compared with 47 basis points.

Net new moneyinflows were CHF 0.6 billion compared with net inflows of CHF 1.4 billion.

Invested assetswere CHF 36 billion on 31 December 2010, a decrease of CHF 3 billion from 31 December 2009, due to nega-

tive currency effects and market movements, partly offset by net new money inflows.

Infrastructure

Revenueswere CHF 14 million compared with CHF 13 million.

Net new moneyinflows were CHF 0.1 billion, unchanged from the prior year.

Invested assets were CHF 1 billion on 31 December 2010, mostly unchanged from 31 December 2009.

Fund services

Revenueswere CHF 202 million compared with CHF 214 million, mainly due to lower administrative fees due to lower average assets under administration and lower interest income.

Thegross marginon assets under administration was 5 basis points, unchanged from the prior year.

Net new assets under administrationoutflows were CHF 0.8 billion compared with net outflows of CHF 59.7 billion in 2009.

Totalassets under administrationwere CHF 390 billion compared with CHF 406 billion, due to negative currency effects and net new assets outflows, partly offset by positive market movements.

Financial and operating performance

Investment Bank

Investment Bank

Business division reporting

 

  As of or for the year ended  % change from 

 

  Excluding                                                
unauthorized                                                 
trading incident                                                
  

 

 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.111  31.12.112   31.12.10  31.12.09  31.12.10 
Investment banking   1,371      2,414    2,466    (43
                       
Advisory revenues   964      846    858    14  
                       
Capital market revenues   1,329      1,994    2,514    (33
                       

Equities

   574      1,020    1,609    (44
                       

Fixed income, currencies and commodities

   755      974    904    (22
                       
Other fee income and risk management   (921    (426  (906  (116
                       
Securities   7,969      10,144    4,390    (20
                       
Equities   3,698      4,469    4,937    (17
                       
Fixed income, currencies and commodities   4,271      5,675    (547  (22
                       
Total income   9,340      12,558    6,856    (24
                       
Credit loss (expense)/recovery3   12      0    (1,698 
                       
Total operating income excluding own credit and
unauthorized trading incident
   9,352      12,558    5,158    (24
                       
Own credit4   1,537      (548  (2,023 
                       
Total operating income excluding unauthorized trading incident   10,889    10,889      
                       
Unauthorized trading incident   (1,849     
                       
Total operating income as reported   9,040      12,010    3,135    (23
                       
Personnel expenses   5,801      6,743    5,568    (14
                       
General and administrative expenses   2,637      2,693    2,628    (2
                       
Services (to) / from other business divisions   161      64    (147  152  
                       
Depreciation of property and equipment   254      278    360    (9
                       
Impairment of goodwill   0      0    749   
                       
Amortization of intangible assets   34      34    59    0  
                       
Total operating expenses   8,8865   8,886     9,813    9,216    (9
                       
Business division performance before tax   154    2,003     2,197    (6,081  (86
                       

Business division performance before tax excluding own credit

   (1,383  466     2,745    (4,058 
                       
Key performance indicators6       
                       
Pre-tax profit growth (%)7   (93.0    N/A    N/A   
                       
Cost/income ratio (%)   98.4    81.7     81.7    190.7   
                       
Return on attributed equity (RoaE) (%)   0.5    6.4     8.7    (24.1 
                       
Return on assets, gross (%)   0.9    1.1     1.2    0.4   
                       
Average VaR (1-day, 95% confidence, 5 years of historical data)   75    N/A     56    55    34  
                       

1Income and expenses related to the SNB StabFund investment management team, who are employed by UBS, were transferred from the Investment Bank to the Corporate Center. The impact on performance from continuing operations before tax is not material in the current or any prior period. Comparative prior periods have not been adjusted.  2Excludes the impact from the unauthorized trading incident of CHF 1,849 million in the income statement, and its risk-weighted assets impact of CHF 10.1 billion on both a Basel II and Basel 2.5 basis.  3Includes credit loss (expense)/recovery on reclassified and acquired securities (2011: recovery of CHF 9 million; 2010: credit loss expense of CHF 172 million).4Represents own credit changes on financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss. The cumulative own credit gain for such debt held on 31 December 2011 amounts to CHF 1.9 billion; the cumulative own credit gain for such debt held at 31 December 2010 amounts to CHF 0.2 billion. The gains have reduced the fair value of financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss recognized on our balance sheet. Refer to “Note 26 Fair value of financial instruments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  5  Operating expenses include restructuring charges of CHF 216 million. Refer to “Note 37 Reorganizations and disposals” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  6For the definitions of our key performance indicators, refer to the “Measurement of performance” section of this report.  7Not meaningful and not included if either the reporting period or the comparison period is a loss period.

Financial and operating performance

Business division reporting (continued)

 

  As of or for the year ended   % change from 

 

  Excluding                                         
unauthorized                                         
trading  incident                                        
   

 

 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.111   31.12.112   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.10 
Additional information          
                          
Total assets (CHF billion)3   1,073.6       966.9     992.0     11  
                          
Average attributed equity (CHF billion)4   31.3       25.3     25.3     24  
                          
BIS risk-weighted assets, Basel II (CHF billion)5   119.1     109.0     119.3     122.4     0  
                          
BIS risk-weighted assets, Basel 2.5 (CHF billion)5   155.7     145.6     N/A     N/A     N/A  
                          
Return on risk-weighted assets, Basel II, gross (%)5   7.2     9.0     9.7     3.1    
                          
Goodwill and intangible assets (CHF billion)   3.2       3.2     3.5     0  
                          
Compensation ratio (%)   64.2       56.1     115.2    
                          
Impaired loans portfolio as a % of total loans portfolio, gross (%)   3.8       7.2     10.0    
                          
Personnel (full-time equivalents)   17,256       16,860     15,666     2  
                          

1Income and expenses related to the SNB StabFund investment management team, who are employed by UBS, were transferred from the Investment Bank to the Corporate Center. The impact on performance from continuing operations before tax is not material in the current or any prior period. Comparative prior periods have not been adjusted.  2Excludes the impact from the unauthorized trading incident of CHF 1,849 million in the income statement, and its risk-weighted assets impact of CHF 10.1 billion on both a Basel II and Basel 2.5 basis.  3Based on third-party view, i.e. without intercompany balances.  4Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information about the equity attribution framework.  5  Capital management data as of 31 December 2011 is disclosed in accordance with the Basel 2.5 framework. Comparative data under the new framework is not available for 31 December 2010 and 31 December 2009. The comparative information under the Basel II framework is therefore provided. Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information.

Financial and operating performance

Investment Bank

Business performance

2011

Results

Pre-tax profit of CHF 154 million was recorded in 2011 compared with a pre-tax profit of CHF 2,197 million in 2010. Excluding an own credit gain of CHF 1,537 million and a loss relating to the unauthorized trading incident of CHF 1,849 million in 2011 and an own credit loss of CHF 548 million in 2010, pre-tax profit was CHF 466 million compared with a profit of CHF 2,745 million in 2010. This was due to lower revenues across all business areas and the strengthening of the Swiss franc.

Total operating income as reported

Total operating income was CHF 9,040 million compared with CHF 12,010 million in the prior year, a decrease of 25%, or 11% in US dollar terms. During the year, we incurred a loss from the unauthorized trading incident of CHF 1,849 million in the equities business area. After a strong start to the year, increasing instability in the eurozone and the US government debt rating downgrade contributed to lack of liquidity, impacting the credit business, while the macro businesses benefited from increased volatility. In addition, subdued volumes and lower client activity affected the equities business.

Credit loss expense / recovery

Net credit loss recoveries in 2011 were CHF 12 million compared with a net credit loss expense of zero in 2010. In 2011, recoveries mainly related to reclassified and similar acquired securities.

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Refer to the “Risk management and control” section of this report for more information on our risk management approach, method of credit risk measurement and the development of credit risk exposures

Own credit

An own credit gain on financial liabilities designated at fair value of CHF 1,537 million was recorded in 2011, mainly due to a widening of our credit spreads during the year. An own credit loss of CHF 548 million was recorded in 2010, mainly due to a tightening of our credit spreads.

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Refer to “Note 26 Fair value of financial instruments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on own credit

Operating income by business area

In 2011, we implemented two structural changes in our business division: allocating risk management premiums from equities and

fixed income, currencies and commodities (FICC) to investment banking; and transferring the commodities business, formerly booked in equities, to FICC. The changes were not material and therefore did not necessitate restatement at a divisional level. However, we have made reference to these changes where relevant to aid explanation of the business area results.

Investment banking

Investment banking revenues decreased 43% to CHF 1,371 million in 2011 from CHF 2,414 million in the previous year. This was mainly due to a reduction in global capital markets activity and the revised allocation of the risk management premiums, which were higher compared with 2010, as well as the effects of the strengthening of the Swiss franc. In US dollar terms, revenues declined 33%.

Advisory revenues increased 14% to CHF 964 million from CHF 846 million, as a result of a more robust market in the first half of 2011. Our market share increased slightly compared with 2010.

Capital market revenues were CHF 1,329 million compared with CHF 1,994 million due in part to the deepening of the sovereign debt crisis in Europe as well as slower US economic growth which depressed activity levels. Equities capital market revenues were CHF 574 million, down 44% from CHF 1,020 million as revenues and market share decreased across all regions against a 25% reduction in the fee pool in US dollar terms. Fixed income capital market revenues decreased 22% to CHF 755 million from CHF 974 million as our market share declined while the market fee pool increased 12% in US dollar terms.

Other fee income and risk management revenues were negative CHF 921 million compared with negative CHF 426 million, primarily due to an increase in risk management premiums and the effect of their revised allocation to investment banking.

Securities

Securities revenues were CHF 7,969 million compared with CHF 10,144 million in 2010. In US dollar terms, revenues decreased 7%.

Equities

Revenues in equities were CHF 3,698 million, down 17% from CHF 4,469 million in 2010, primarily due to the strengthening of the Swiss franc. In US dollar terms, revenues declined 2%.

Cash revenues decreased 17% to CHF 1,480 million compared with CHF 1,776 million. In US dollar terms, revenues declined 2%. The decrease was primarily due to a reduction in volumes and client activity. However, our cash equities exchange market share was slightly up on 2010.

Derivatives and equity-linked revenues were CHF 1,035 million compared with CHF 1,580 million. Within derivatives, revenues in

104


Financial and operating performance

Europe, the Middle East and Africa declined and more than offset higher revenues in Asia Pacific and the Americas. In addition, trading revenues were impacted by ongoing market volatility. In equity-linked, revenues declined due to lower valuations and volumes as well as reduced primary market activity, which impacted the secondary markets.

In the prime services business, revenues declined 3% to CHF 1,009 million, reflecting the Swiss franc appreciation as the majority of our balances are US dollar denominated. In US dollar terms, revenues were up 15% as a result of improved securities lending revenues.

Other equities revenues were CHF 175 million compared with CHF 77 million, mainly due to the abovementioned revised allocation of risk management premiums. Proprietary trading reported positive revenues, though these were lower than 2010.

Fixed income, currencies and commodities

FICC revenues decreased 25% to CHF 4,271 million in 2011 from CHF 5,675 million in 2010, primarily due to the strengthening of the Swiss franc. In US dollar terms, revenues declined 11%. The combined revenues from credit, macro and emerging markets decreased 11% to CHF 4,558 million from CHF 5,093 million, but rose 6% in US dollar terms due to improved results in macro.

In credit, revenues decreased to CHF 1,548 million from CHF 2,304 million in 2010, primarily due to mark-to-market losses in the flow business. Concerns surrounding the eurozone and the global economic outlook significantly impacted market volatility, liquidity and client activity, resulting in challenging conditions for flow trading, partly offset by an improved performance by credit solutions.

In macro, revenues rose to CHF 2,615 million from CHF 2,268 million in 2010. Revenues increased across all interest rates business lines. Foreign exchange benefited from market volatility in the second half of 2011 and from the contributions of our new e-trading platform. Non-linear interest rates reported a turnaround from negative to positive revenues in 2011.

Emerging markets revenues decreased to CHF 395 million from CHF 521 million, as increased foreign exchange revenues were

more than offset by lower revenues in credit and rates. Latin America saw an improvement in revenues whereas both Asia and Europe reported a decrease.

Other FICC revenues were negative CHF 288 million in 2011 and positive CHF 581 million in 2010 largely due to losses from residual risk positions. Revenues in 2011 included negative CHF 296 million from residual risk positions due to a widening in credit valuation adjustment spreads and increased credit valuation adjustments following an agreement in principle with a monoline insurer on a potential commutation, compared with positive CHF 737 million in 2010.

è

Refer to “Note 32 Events after the reporting period” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

In 2011, we recorded a gain of CHF 244 million from debit valuation adjustments on our derivatives portfolio compared with a gain of CHF 155 million from debit valuation adjustments as UBS’s credit default swap spreads widened in both periods.

Operating expenses

Total operating expenses decreased 9% to CHF 8,886 million from CHF 9,813 million, mostly due to the strengthening of the Swiss franc. Excluding restructuring costs of CHF 216 million associated with our cost reduction program, operating expenses decreased 12%. In US dollar terms, operating expenses increased 4%.

Personnel expenses decreased 14% to CHF 5,801 million from CHF 6,743 million due to lower variable compensation accruals and the favorable effect of the strengthening Swiss franc. Further, 2010 included a UK bank payroll tax charge of CHF 190 million.

General and administrative expenses decreased to CHF 2,637 million from CHF 2,693 million due to the strengthening Swiss franc and UK value added tax releases, partially offset by the UK bank levy of CHF 106 million.

Net charges from other business divisions were CHF 161 million compared with CHF 64 million due to transfer of approximately 280 personnel to Wealth Management & Swiss Bank as part of forming the Investment Products & Services unit in early 2011.

Depreciation decreased 9% to CHF 254 million from CHF 278 million, largely due to lower charges for IT hardware.

Amortization of intangible assets was in line with 2010 at CHF 34 million.

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Financial and operating performance

Investment Bank

2010

Results

In 2010, we recorded a pre-tax profit of CHF 2,197 million compared with a pre-tax loss of CHF 6,081 million in 2009, primarily as a result of increased revenues in FICC, a significant reduction in net credit loss expenses and lower own credit losses on financial liabilities designated at fair value.

Total operating income as reported

Total operating income in 2010 was CHF 12,010 million compared with CHF 3,135 million in the prior year. This was mainly a result of increased revenues in the FICC business, a significant reduction in net credit loss expense and lower own credit losses on financial liabilities designated at fair value, and was partly offset by lower revenues in the equities business.

Credit loss expense / recovery

The net credit loss expense in 2010 was nil compared with net credit loss expense of CHF 1,698 million in 2009. In 2010, we recorded CHF 172 million credit loss expenses related to reclassified and acquired securities which were offset by recoveries on certain legacy leveraged finance and asset backed loan positions.

è

Refer to the “Risk management and control” section of our Annual Report 2010 for more information on our risk management approach, method of credit risk measurement and the development of credit risk exposures

Own credit

The own credit on financial liabilities designated at fair value reduced significantly to a loss of CHF 548 million from a loss of CHF 2,023 million. While our credit spreads tightened in both years, the effect in 2010 was less pronounced than in 2009.

è

Refer to “Note 26 Fair value of financial instruments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Operating income by business area

Investment banking

Investment banking revenues were CHF 2,414 million in 2010, marginally down from CHF 2,466 million in the previous year.

Advisory revenues decreased slightly to CHF 846 million from CHF 858 million. While the overall market fee pool increased year on year, our market share declined.

Capital markets revenues were down 21% to CHF 1,994 million from CHF 2,514 million. Equity capital markets revenues were CHF 1,020 million, down 37% from CHF 1,609 million

due to reduced market activity in the first half of 2010 following uncertainty over sovereign risk in Europe, and lower revenues in Asia Pacific as domestic Chinese banks took a greater share of fees than in 2009. Fixed income capital market revenues were CHF 974 million, up 8% from CHF 904 million, mainly due to a strong leverage capital market fees pool and market share gain.

Other fee income and risk management revenues were negative CHF 426 million compared with negative CHF 906 million, primarily due to the absence in 2010 of large losses recorded in 2009 in relation to an overall stabilization of the credit markets.

Securities

Securities revenues were CHF 10,144 million, compared with CHF 4,390 million in 2009. Revenues of equities and FICC are analyzed in the respective sections below.

Equities

Revenues in equities were CHF 4,469 million, down 9% from CHF 4,937 million in 2009.

Cash revenues were CHF 1,776 million, compared with CHF 1,959 million due to lower commission income as a result of decreased client activity in the US, offsetting stronger performance in Europe, the Middle East and Africa.

Derivatives and equity-linked revenues were CHF 1,580 million, in line with last year. Derivatives revenues were up as a result of improved client flows and structured products performance in Asia Pacific, partly offset by lower revenues in Europe, the Middle East and Africa due to the sovereign debt crisis, creating a lack of both liquidity and client flow. Equity-linked revenues were down after a strong performance in 2009.

Within the prime services business, revenues were CHF 1,036 million compared with CHF 1,058 million. Prime brokerage revenues declined due to lower average spreads while exchange-traded derivatives revenues marginally improved.

Other equities revenues were CHF 77 million compared with CHF 341 million, largely due to lower proprietary trading revenues partially offset by reduced funding and hedging costs.

Fixed income, currencies and commodities

Revenues were positive CHF 5,675 million in 2010 compared with negative CHF 547 million in 2009, when the FICC business was materially affected by losses on residual risk positions.

In credit, revenues rose significantly to positive CHF 2,304 million, up from negative CHF 1,932 million. The turnaround was largely due to the rebuild across the trading and sales businesses, particularly in structured credit and client solutions, as well as lowering of negative revenues from the legacy risk portfolio (the exposure to which was also reduced during this period), and the selective re-entry into previously exited products.

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Financial and operating performance

In macro, revenues of CHF 2,268 million were down from CHF 2,933 million in 2009. The decrease mainly stemmed from lower revenues in the rates and foreign exchange businesses, which were affected by a significant decline in market spreads, low interest rate volatility, reduced client activity and general de-risking, particularly in the second half of 2010.

Emerging markets revenues decreased to CHF 521 million from CHF 1,162 million as divesture of UBS Pactual, spread compression experienced across foreign exchange and credit markets, and uncertainties over European sovereign debt impacted liquidity and overall client volumes.

Other FICC revenues were positive CHF 581 million compared with negative CHF 2,710 million. The 2010 revenues included CHF 737 million from residual risk positions due to a reduced credit valuation adjustment requirement and net gains on sale.

Operating expenses

Operating expenses increased 6% to CHF 9,813 million in 2010 from CHF 9,216 million in the previous year.

Personnel expenses increased 21% to CHF 6,743 million from CHF 5,568 million, mainly due to increased variable compensation as a result of amortization of prior years’ awards, increased number of employees and a UK bank payroll tax charge of CHF 190 million.

General and administrative expenses increased to CHF 2,693 million in 2010 from CHF 2,628 million in 2009. This was largely due to an increase in legal provisions as well as higher sponsoring and branding costs related to the global re-launch of the UBS brand. These costs were partially offset by a reduction in professional fees.

Net charges from other business divisions were CHF 64 million, compared with a net charge to other business divisions of CHF 147 million.

Depreciation reduced 23% to CHF 278 million in 2010 from CHF 360 million in 2009. Depreciation in 2009 included costs associated with a restructuring charge.

Goodwill impairment charges were nil in 2010 compared with a charge of CHF 749 million in 2009, related to the sale of UBS Pactual.

Amortization of intangible assets was CHF 34 million compared with CHF 59 million in 2009.

In addition, non-personnel costs included an additional allocation of expenses from the Corporate Center to the business divisions in 2010.

è

Refer to “Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies” in the “Financial information” section of our Annual Report 2010 for more information on allocation of additional Corporate Center costs to the business divisions in 2010

Financial and operating performance

Corporate Center

Corporate Center

Treasury activities and other corporate items reporting

 

  As of or for the year ended  % change from 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.111  31.12.10  31.12.09  31.12.10 
Income   (80  1,135    394   
                  
Credit loss (expense)/recovery   (1  0    (5 
                  
Total operating income   (80  1,135    389   
                  
Personnel expenses   71    78    551    (9
                  
General and administrative expenses   139    168    199    (17
                  
Services (to) / from other business divisions   3    8    306    (63
                  
Depreciation of property and equipment   70    89    193    (21
                  
Amortization of intangible assets   0    0    0   
                  
Total operating expenses   2832   343    1,250    (17
                  
Performance from continuing operations before tax   (363  793    (860 
                  
Performance from discontinued operations before tax   0    2    (7 
                  
Performance before tax   (363  795    (867 
                  
Additional information     
                  
BIS risk-weighted assets, Basel II (CHF billion)3   9.7    8.9    8.5    9  
                  
BIS risk-weighted assets, Basel 2.5 (CHF billion)3   13.7    N/A    N/A   
                  
Personnel (full-time equivalents)   19,270    19,472    20,054    (1
                  
Allocations to business divisions (full-time equivalents)   (18,996  (19,278  (18,430  1  
                  
Personnel after allocations (full-time equivalents)   274    194    1,624    41  
                  
Corporate Center expenses before service allocation to business divisions4     
                  
Personnel expenses   3,684    3,870    4,043    (5
                  
General and administrative expenses   3,351    3,523    3,516    (5
                  
Depreciation of property and equipment   728    809    943    (10
                  
Total operating expenses before service allocation to business divisions   7,762    8,202    8,501    (5
                  
Net allocations to business divisions   (7,479  (7,859  (7,251  5  
                  
Total operating expenses   283    343    1,250    (17
                  

1Income and expenses related to the SNB StabFund investment management team, who are employed by UBS, were transferred from Investment Bank to Corporate Center in 2011. The impact on performance from continuing operations before tax is not material in the current or any prior period. Comparative prior periods have not been adjusted.  2Operating expenses include restructuring charges of CHF 15 million. Refer to “Note 37 Reorganizations and disposals” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  3Capital management data as of 31 December 2011 is disclosed in accordance with the Basel 2.5 framework. Comparative data under the new framework is not available for 31 December 2010 and 31 December 2009. The comparative information under the Basel II framework is therefore provided. Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information.  4Please note that some of the comparative figures in this table may differ from those originally published in quarterly and annual reports (for example due to adjustments following organizational changes).

Financial and operating performance

2011

Results

The Corporate Centre recorded a pre-tax loss of CHF 363 million in 2011 compared with a gain of CHF 795 million in 2010. This mostly reflects a decline in the value of our option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity and lower proceeds from the sale of real estate in 2011.

Operating income

The Corporate Center’s operating income was negative CHF 80 million in 2011 compared with positive CHF 1,135 million in 2010. The revaluation of our option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity resulted in a loss of CHF 133 million in 2011, reflecting lower forecast cash flows and increased risk premia for the fund’s assets, compared with a gain of CHF 745 million in 2010.

è

Refer to the discussion of “Non-trading portfolios – valuation and sensitivity information by instrument category” in the “Risk management and control” section of this report for more information on changes in the value of our option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity

Treasury income remaining in the Corporate Center after allocations to the business divisions amounted to a gain of CHF 38 million in 2011, compared with a gain of CHF 152 million in 2010. Furthermore, 2011 included a gain of CHF 78 million from the sale of a property in Switzerland, while 2010 included a CHF 180 million gain from the sale of investments in associates owning office space in New York as well as a gain of CHF 158 million from a sale of property in Switzerland.

Operating expenses

On a gross basis before service allocations to the business divisions, the Corporate Center reported operating expenses of CHF 7,762 million, down from CHF 8,202 million in 2010. This decrease was due to favorable currency effects of CHF 647 million resulting from the depreciation of the US dollar and British pound against the Swiss franc, as well as the effects of efficiency initiatives and other cost reductions of approximately CHF 400 million resulting from the execution of the UBS real estate consolidation strategy and lower IT costs. This was partially offset by restructuring charges of CHF 196 million as well as an increase of approximately CHF 400 million in expenses due to focused investments in technology, capacity expansion needed for control functions to be able to satisfy increased regulatory requirements, and the continuing consolidation of services in the Corporate Center.

Personnel expenses decreased by CHF 186 million to CHF 3,684 million, primarily due to favorable currency effects of CHF 298 million, partially offset by CHF 55 million personnel-related restructuring expenses associated with our cost reduction program in the second half of 2011, capacity increases for regulatory requirements and personnel transfers from other business divisions.

General and administrative expenses decreased by CHF 172 million to CHF 3,351 million due to favorable currency effects of CHF 300 million, partly offset by restructuring charges of CHF 113 million due to the consolidation of our real estate portfolio as part of our cost reduction program. Furthermore, the effects of efficiency initiatives and other cost reductions were offset by the abovementioned increased business demand affecting Group Technology and the consolidation of services in the Corporate Center.

Depreciation expenses decreased by CHF 81 million to CHF 728 million, primarily due to favorable currency effects of CHF 49 million and the reversal of an impairment loss. These decreases were partly offset by CHF 28 million in restructuring charges, mainly related to the abovementioned real estate consolidation in 2011.

The business divisions were charged net CHF 7,479 million for shared services, a decrease of CHF 380 million. Total operating expenses remaining after allocations to the business divisions were CHF 283 million compared with CHF 343 million in the prior year. This decrease was due to a value added tax provision release of CHF 22 million and a discretionary compensation accrual release of CHF 19 million in 2011. Furthermore, 2011 included lower litigation provisions, partially offset by additional expenses related to the SNB StabFund investment management team transferred from the Investment Bank and the “too-big-to-fail” program.

Personnel

At the end of the year 2011, the Corporate Center employed 19,270 personnel, of which 18,996 were allocated to the business divisions based on the services used. The reduction of 202 personnel from the prior year related mainly to the abovementioned cost reduction program in the second half of 2011, partly offset by higher personnel required to meet additional regulatory requirements, and further consolidation of services in the Corporate Center.

The 274 personnel remaining in the Corporate Center were related to Group governance functions and other corporate items. The increase of 80 personnel compared with the prior year was mainly due to the SNB StabFund investment management team transferred from the Investment Bank and the “too-big-to-fail” program.

Financial and operating performance

Corporate Center

2010

Results

The pre-tax result in 2010 was a gain of CHF 795 million, compared with a loss of CHF 867 million in 2009, mainly due to a higher revaluation gain of our option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity as well as lower operating expenses as a result of additional charges to the business divisions reflecting a change in allocation methodology.

Operating income

The Corporate Center’s operating income was positive CHF 1,135 million in 2010 compared with positive CHF 389 million in 2009. The revaluation of our option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity resulted in a gain of CHF 745 million in 2010, compared with a gain of CHF 117 million in 2009.

è

Refer to the discussion of “Non-trading portfolios – valuation and sensitivity information by instrument category” in the “Risk management and control” section of our Annual Report 2010 for more information on changes in the value of our option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity

A CHF 180 million gain from the sale of investments in associates owning office space in New York as well as a gain of CHF 158 million from a sale of property in Switzerland was recorded in 2010. In comparison, 2009 included own credit related allocations of negative revenues to the Corporate Center and a CHF 498 million loss on the closing of the UBS Pactual sale in 2009, which was largely related to foreign exchange losses. These losses were partly offset by a net gain of CHF 297 million on the valuation of the mandatory convertible notes issued in December 2008 and converted in August 2009, an additional foreign exchange gain of CHF 430 million due to the de-consolidation and liquidation of subsidiaries and a gain of CHF 304 million on the buyback of subordinated debt.

Operating expenses

Total operating expenses decreased to CHF 343 million from CHF 1,250 million in 2009, mainly due to a goodwill impairment charge of CHF 492 million in 2009 relating to the sale of UBS Pactual, which was reallocated to the Corporate Center from the business divisions, partly offset by the credit related to the UBS Pactual operating result which was transferred from the business divisions. In addition, from 2010 onwards, almost all costs incurred by the Corporate Center related to shared services and control functions were allocated to the reportable segments, which directly and indirectly receive the value of the services, either based on a full cost recovery or on a periodically agreed flat fee. Up to and including 2009, certain costs incurred by the Corporate Center were presented as Corporate Center expenses and not charged to the business divisions. This change in allocation policy has been applied prospectively and prior year numbers have not been restated. The incremental charges to the business divisions made in 2010 mainly relate to control functions. If figures of 2009 had been presented on the basis of the allocation methodology applied for 2010, the estimated impact on operating expenses and performance before tax would have been CHF 640 million.

In 2010, the Corporate Center was able to reduce its cost base excluding variable compensation before allocation by CHF 605 million from the previous year, primarily as a result of lower personnel costs in IT and lower real estate-related costs. The business divisions fully benefited from the reduced cost base through lower allocations.

Personnel

At the end of the year 2010, the Corporate Center employed 19,472 personnel, of whom 19,278 were allocated to the business divisions based on the services used. The reduction of 582 personnel mainly related to the restructuring program in 2009. The remaining 194 personnel related to Group governance functions and other corporate items. The decrease of 1,430 personnel compared with the prior year was due to the abovementioned change in allocation methodology, mainly related to control functions.

Risk, treasury

and capital

management

Audited information according to IFRS 7 and IAS 1

Risk disclosures provided in line with the requirements of theInternational Financial Reporting Standard 7 (IFRS 7) Financial Instruments: Disclosures,and disclosures on capital required by theInternational Accounting Standard 1 (IAS 1) Financial Statements: Presentationform part of the financial statements audited by our independent registered public accounting firm Ernst & Young Ltd., Basel. This information (the audited texts, tables and graphs) is marked by a bar on the left-hand side within this section of the report and is incorporated by cross-reference into the financial statements of this report.


Risk, treasury and capital management

Risk management and control

Risk management and control

During 2011 we continued to focus on aligning the firm’s risk profile with our client-centric strategy. In the second half of 2011, we took measures to reduce market risk exposures significantly. Value-at-risk decreased by almost half to CHF 36 million on 31 December 2011 from CHF 68 million the prior year. Credit risk exposure saw a modest rise, reflecting increased lending within our international wealth management businesses, particularly in Asia Pacific. We also made further progress in reducing our exposures to monoline insurers and student loan auction rate securities. During 2011 while our risk under a number of stress scenarios was reduced in line with these reduced positions, we still remain significantly exposed to the impact of potential stress scenarios on our market, credit, operational and business risk.

Disciplined risk management and control are essential to our success. In 2011, we continued to make significant investments in our infrastructure, processes, methodologies and people to ensure that our risk frameworks are sufficiently robust to support our business aspirations and risk appetite. Our risk appetite is established within our risk capacity as determined by a complementary set of firm-wide risk metrics, and is approved under Board of Directors (BoD) authority. It is administered and enforced by a detailed framework of portfolio and position limits at both Group and business division levels. Each element of our risk control framework plays a key role in the decision-making processes within the firm. All material risks are reported to the respective authority holders at least monthly.

The unauthorized trading incident underscored the importance of ensuring a robust operational risk framework. A number of weaknesses identified in the wake of the incident have been fully or largely remediated, but there is more to be done to improve the broader internal control environment. We initiated a programme in 2011 to enhance our operational risk framework and internal controls; this extensive programme will continue through 2012.

Summary of key developments in 2011

The most important developments that took place in 2011 with regard to risk management and control include the following:

Our year-end value-at-risk reduced to CHF 36 million on 31 December 2011 from CHF 68 million on 31 December 2010. This significant decrease was mainly attributed to concerted risk reductions within our trading business, in line with our strategy of running a more focused, less complex and less capital-intensive Investment Bank, but also reflected market conditions prevalent at the end of 2011.

Residual risk exposures in the Investment Bank were further reduced during 2011. This followed the commutation of monoline insurance combined with sales of the underlying assets, predominantly collateralized loan obligations, and the sales of certain student loan auction rate securities portfolios. Net exposure to monoline insurers relating to negative basis trades and after credit valuation adjustments reduced to USD

1.0 billion from USD 1.6 billion. Our student loan auction rate securities portfolio reduced to USD 5.7 billion from USD 9.8 billion.

New credit loss expenses minus credit loss recoveries for the Group totaled CHF 84 million, up from CHF 66 million in 2010. The change resulted primarily from an increase in collective loan loss allowances in the third quarter 2011, mainly due to heightened credit risks arising predominantly from Swiss corporate clients that had become exposed to significant foreign currency-related risk as a result of the impact of the strengthening Swiss franc on their financial position.

Our impaired loan portfolio decreased by CHF 2.0 billion to CHF 2.1 billion on 31 December 2011, primarily due to sales of residual risk exposures.

We continued to make significant investments in our risk IT platforms during 2011, particularly in the Investment Bank, where we refined our new platform for risk aggregation. The roll-out of standardized methodologies, processes and tools for credit monitoring across our wealth management locations also progressed well, and we completed the deployment of a third-party risk measurement application within Global Asset Management.

Significant developments of the UBS Advanced Measurement Approach model for operational risk were approved by the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) in the first quarter of 2011 and have been implemented for regulatory capital reporting.

We established a dedicated firm-wide treasury risk control function with a direct reporting line into the Group Chief Risk Officer.

FINMA conducts semi-annual macro-economic stress tests on the two large Swiss banks. Their scenario assumes a severe global recession together with very sharp, specific shocks for certain countries. The most recent assessment was done in the third quarter of 2011, when FINMA analyzed the impact of the stress test on our capital ratios and confirmed that we exceeded their regulatory minimum requirements under the specified scenario.

Over the course of last year, we further embedded risk considerations within our compensation framework. In particular and

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Risk, treasury and capital management

in line with evolving industry practice, we adapted our approach to identifying our key risk-takers, individuals in our organization who, by the nature of their role, can materially set, commit or control the firm’s resources, or exert influence over the firm’s risk profile.

è Refer to the “Credit risk”, “Market risk”, “Operational risk” and “Liquidity and funding management” sections of this report for more information

Risk management and control principles

LOGO

Five pillars support our efforts to achieve an appropriate balance between risk and return:

1. Protecting the financial strength of UBS by controlling our risk exposures and avoiding potential risk concentrations at the level of individual exposures, at specific portfolio levels and at an aggregate firm-wide level across all risk types.

2. Reputation protection through a sound risk culture characterized by a holistic and integrated view of risk, performance and reward, and by full compliance with our standards and principles, particularly our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics.

3. Management accountability whereby business management, as opposed to risk control, owns all risks assumed throughout the firm and is responsible for the continuous and active management of all risk exposures to ensure that risk and return are balanced.

4. Independent control functions which monitor the effectiveness of the business’s risk management and oversee risk-taking activities.

5. Comprehensive and transparent disclosure of risks to senior management, the BoD, shareholders, regulators, rating agencies and other stakeholders.

Our risk management and control principles are implemented through a risk management and control framework. This framework comprises qualitative elements such as policies, procedures and authorities, and quantitative components including risk measurement methodologies and risk limits.

The framework is dynamic and continuously adapted to our evolving businesses and the market environment. It includes clearly defined processes to deal with new business initiatives as well as large and complex transactions.

Risk management and control responsibilities

LOGO

The key roles and responsibilities for risk management and control are as follows:

– 

The BoD is responsible for determining the firm’s risk principles, risk appetite and major portfolio limits, including their allocation to the business divisions. The risk assessment and management oversight performed by the BoD considers evolving best practices and is intended to conform to statutory requirements, as is the related disclosure in this section. The BoD

LOGO

is supported by the BoD Risk Committee, which monitors and oversees the firm’s risk profile and the implementation of the risk framework as approved by the BoD. The BoD Risk Committee also assesses and approves the firm’s key risk measurement methodologies.

– 

The Group Executive Board (GEB) implements the risk framework, controls the firm’s risk profile and approves all major risk policies.

– 

The Group Chief Executive Officer (Group CEO) is responsible for the results of the firm, has risk authority over transactions, positions and exposures, and also allocates portfolio limits approved by the BoD within the business divisions.

– 

The divisional Chief Executive Officers are accountable for the results of their business divisions. This includes actively managing their risk exposures, and ensuring that risks and returns are balanced.

– 

The Group Chief Risk Officer reports directly to the Group CEO and has functional and management authority over risk control throughout the firm. Risk Control provides independent oversight of risk and is responsible for implementing the risk control processes for credit, country, market, investment and operational risks. This includes establishing methodologies to measure and assess risk, setting risk limits, and developing and operating an appropriate risk control infrastructure. The risk control process is supported by a framework of policies and authorities, which are delegated to Risk Control Officers according to their expertise, experience and responsibilities.

– 

The Group Chief Financial Officer (Group CFO) is responsible for ensuring that disclosure of our financial performance is clear and transparent and meets regulatory requirements and corporate governance standards. The Group CFO is also responsible for the management of firm-wide treasury risks and for implementing the risk management and control framework for tax.

– 

The Group General Counsel is responsible for implementing the firm’s risk management and control principles for legal and compliance matters.

Risk categories

The risks faced by our businesses can be broken down into three different categories: primary risks, consequential risks and business risks. Primary and consequential risks result from our business activities and are subject to independent risk control. Primary risks consist of credit risk, country risk, market risk, issuer risk and investment risk. Consequential risks consist of operational risk, which includes legal, compliance and tax risks, and liquidity and funding risks. Certain business risks arise from the commercial, strategic and economic risks inherent in our business activities. These are overseen and managed by the firm’s respective business and group management.

Definitions of primary and consequential risks are the following:

LOGO

– 

Credit risk: the risk of loss resulting from the failure of a client or counterparty to meet its contractual obligations.

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Risk, treasury and capital management

Risk management and control

LOGO

Country risk: the risk of loss resulting from country-specific events. It includes transfer risk, whereby a country’s authorities prevent or restrict the payment of an obligation, as well as systemic risk events arising from country-specific political or macroeconomic developments.

Market risk, issuer risk and investment risk: the risk of loss resulting from changes in market variables, whether to our trading positions or financial investments.

Operational risk: the risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, people and systems, or the risk of a loss resulting from external causes, whether deliberate, accidental or natural. This includes risks related to legal, compliance and tax matters.

Liquidity and funding risk: the risk of being unable either to meet our payment obligations when due or to borrow funds in the market at an acceptable price to fund actual or proposed commitments.

èRefer to the “Credit risk”, “Market risk”, “Operational risk” and “Liquidity and funding management” sections of this report for a description of the control frameworks for these risk categories

Risk measurement

LOGO

A variety of methodologies and measurements are applied to quantify the risks of our portfolios and our risk concentrations. Risks that are not fully reflected within standard measures are subject to additional controls, which may include pre-approval of transactions and specific restrictions. Models to quantify risk are generally developed by dedicated units within control functions. Valuations and risk models that could impact the firm’s books and records are independently verified, and subjected to ongoing monitoring and control by the Group CRO and Group CFO organizations.

The base measures are position level market risk sensitivities and credit risk exposures which, on aggregate, provide an overview of our risk across trades. These measures are supplemented with portfolio level statistical and stress loss measures, which are two complementary types of risk measures we use to assess potential future losses at an aggregate level.

Statistical loss

Statistical loss measures include value-at-risk (VaR), expected loss and earnings-at-risk (EaR). VaR estimates the losses arising from market risk, which could potentially be realized over a set time period at an established level of confidence. Expected loss measures the average annual costs that are expected to arise from our credit portfolios and operational risks. EaR measures the potential shortfall in our earnings that could be realized over a set time period at an established level of confidence, and is comprised of core statistical measures complemented by management assessment.

è

Refer to the “Credit risk”, “Market risk” and “Operational risk” sections of this report for a description of our key statistical loss measures

Stress loss

Stress loss is the loss that could result from extreme events under specified scenarios. We perform stress testing to complement our statistical loss measures and to give us a better understanding of our risk capacity and appetite. Stress testing quantifies our exposures to plausible yet extreme and unusual market movements, and enables us to identify, understand and manage our potential vulnerabilities and risk concentrations. Our stress testing framework incorporates a comprehensive range of portfolio-specific stress tests as well as combined firm-wide stress tests.

Portfolio-specific stress tests are measures that focus on the risks of specific portfolios within the business divisions. Our portfolio stress loss measures are characterized by past events but also include forward-looking elements. The stress scenarios for trading risks capture the liquidity characteristics of different markets and positions. Our stress frameworks include, for example a scenario which reflects the extreme market conditions that were experienced at the height of the financial crisis in the fourth quarter of 2008.

Our combined stress test (CST) framework captures firm-wide exposures to a number of global systemic events, including a severe global recession triggered by severe market events similar to those observed in 2008. Other topical forward-looking scenarios developed over the past two years include a eurozone crisis. These stress tests are based on forward-looking market event and macroeconomic scenarios calibrated to different levels of severity. The evolution of market indicators and economic variables under these scenarios is defined and applied to our entire risk portfolio. The impact of primary, consequential and business risks is assessed with the aim of calculating the loss and capital implications should these stress scenarios occur.

Stress test results are included in risk reporting and are important inputs for the risk control, risk appetite and business planning processes of the firm. Our firm-wide stress testing, which captures all major identified risks across our business divisions, is one of the key inputs for discussions between senior management, the BoD and regulators with regard to our risk profile. We continue to provide detailed stress analyses to FINMA in accordance with their requirements.

The stress scenarios are reviewed, updated and expanded regularly in the context of the macroeconomic and geopolitical environment by a committee of representatives from the business divisions, Risk Control and economic research. Our stress testing therefore attempts to provide a control framework that is forward- looking and responsive to changing market conditions. However, the market moves experienced in real stress events may differ from moves envisaged in our scenario specifications.

    Most major financial firms employ stress tests, but their approaches vary significantly, and there are no industry standards defining stress scenarios or the way they are applied to a firm’s positions. Consequently, comparisons of stress results between firms can be misleading and, therefore, like most of our peers, we do not publish quantitative stress test results.

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Refer to the “Credit risk” and “Market risk” sections of this report for a description of our key stress loss measures

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Group risk appetite framework

Our risk appetite framework establishes risk appetite objectives with respect to earnings and capital levels that we seek to maintain, even after experiencing severe losses over a defined time horizon. In order to monitor our risk profile against our risk appetite, we use our two complementary firm-wide risk measurement frameworks: EaR (together with its extension, capital-at–risk (CaR)) and CST. Both frameworks seek to capture risks across all of our business divisions and from all major risk categories, including primary risks, consequential risks and business risks. These measures are significant components of our risk control, capital management and business planning processes, which are described in more detail below:

EaR is measured as the potential shortfall in earnings at a 95% confidence level and is evaluated over both three-month and one-year periods.

CaR extends EaR to consider the impact on BIS tier 1 capital of a more severe earnings shortfall and is measured at confidence levels from 95% to 99.9%.

Combined stress testing complements EaR and CaR. As described in the “Stress loss” section above, our firm-wide stress tests evaluate the potential impact of stress scenarios across our risk portfolios, and thereby on our earnings and capital, based on specified stress scenarios.

Our risk appetite is approved by the BoD. Risk appetite is based on our risk capacity, which is in turn based on our capital and forecasted earnings resources. Our overall risk appetite is set as an upper limit covering the aggregate risk exposure for each risk appetite objective, taking into account inherent limitations in the precision of risk exposure measures focusing on extreme market and economic events. The risk limit framework takes into account a comparison of the firm’s risk exposure with our risk capacity under prevailing operating conditions and according to prospective business plans. This comparison is a key tool supporting management decisions on potential adjustments to the risk profile of our firm.

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Refer to the “Credit risk” and “Market risk” sections of this report for more information on our risk exposures

Risk concentrations

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A risk concentration exists where (i) a position in financial instruments is affected by changes in a group of correlated factors, or a group of positions are affected by changes in the same risk factor or a group of correlated factors, and (ii) the exposure could, in the event of large but plausible adverse developments, result in significant losses.

The identification of risk concentrations requires judgment, as potential future developments cannot be predicted and may vary from period to period. In determining whether we have a risk concentration, we consider a number of elements, both individu-

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ally and collectively. These elements include: the shared characteristics of the instruments and counterparties; the size of the position or group of positions; the sensitivity of the position or group of positions to changes in risk factors; and the volatility and correlations of those factors. Also important in our assessment is the liquidity of the markets where the instruments are traded, and the availability and effectiveness of hedges or other potential risk-mitigating factors. The value of a hedge instrument may not always move in line with the position being hedged, and this mismatch is referred to as basis risk.

If we identify a risk concentration, we assess it to determine whether it should be reduced or mitigated, and we also evaluate the available means to do so. Once identified, risk concentrations are subject to increased monitoring.

Based on our assessment of portfolios and asset classes with the potential for material loss in a stress scenario relating to the current environment, we believe that our exposures to monoline insurers and student loan auction rate securities shown and discussed in the following sections were considered risk concentrations as of 31 December 2011, in accordance with the abovementioned definition.

è Refer to the discussions of “Exposure to student loan auction rate securities” and “Exposure to monoline insurers” within the “Composition of credit risk – business divisions” section of the report for more information

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It is possible that material losses could occur on asset classes, positions and hedges other than those previously mentioned, particularly if the correlations that emerge in a stressed environment differ markedly from those we anticipated. We are exposed to price risk, basis risk, credit spread risk and default risk as well as other idiosyncratic and correlation risks on both our equities and fixed income inventories. We are also exposed to price risk on our option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity. In addition, we have lending, counterparty and country risk exposures that could result in significant losses if economic conditions were to worsen.

è Refer to the discussion of credit risk, market risk and operational risk below for more information on the risks to which we are exposed

Risk disclosures

Our measures of risk exposure may differ depending on the purpose for which exposures are calculated, for example, for financial accounting purposes under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), determination of our required regulatory capital or our internal management purposes. The exposures detailed in the “Credit risk” and “Market risk” sections are typically based on our internal management view of risk exposure.

è Refer to the “Basel 2.5 Pillar 3” section of this report for more information on the exposures we use in the determination of our required regulatory capital

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Risk management and control

Credit risk

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Credit risk is the risk of loss resulting from the failure of a client or counterparty to meet its contractual obligations. This includes settlement risk, an example of which would be a counterparty failing to deliver the counter-value of a foreign exchange transaction in which we have fulfilled our obligation. In addition a credit loss can be triggered by economic or political difficulties in the country in which a counterparty or issuer of a security is based or has substantial assets (country risk).

Sources of credit risk

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Credit risk arises from traditional banking products such as loans, loan commitments and guarantees (for example, letters of credit). It also arises from traded products, including over-the-counter (OTC) derivative transactions and exchange-traded derivatives, as well as securities financing transactions such as repurchase agreements (repos and reverse repos), securities borrowing and lending transactions. The same general risk control processes are applied to these products, although the accounting treatment may vary, as products can be carried at amortized cost (loans and receivables), at fair value through profit and loss (instruments held for trading, instruments designated at fair value) or at fair value through other comprehensive income (available-for-sale instruments) depending on the product type and the nature of the exposure. Securities and other obligations in tradable form also pose credit risk, as their fair values are affected by changing expectations regarding the probability of issuers failing to meet these obligations or when issuers actually fail to meet these obligations. Where these securities and obligations are held in connection with a trading activity, we view the risk as an issuer risk. Debt securities not held in connection with a trading activity are reported as debt investments and discussed at the end of this section. Many of the business activities of Wealth Management & Swiss Bank and the Investment Bank expose us to credit risk. Credit risk exposures from Wealth Management Americas and Global Asset Management are less material.

Credit risk control

Limits and controls

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Limits are established for individual counterparties and their counterparty groups covering banking and traded products, as well as settlement amounts. These limits apply not only to the current outstanding amount, but also to contingent commitments and the potential future exposure of traded products. Credit engagements may not be entered into without the appropriate approvals and adherence to these limits.

In the Investment Bank, a distinction is made between exposures intended to be held to maturity (take-and-hold exposures)

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and those which are intended to be held for a short term, pending distribution or risk transfer (temporary exposures).

Credit risk concentrations can arise if clients are engaged in similar activities, are located in the same geographical region or have comparable economic characteristics, for example if their ability to meet contractual obligations would be similarly affected by changes in economic, political or other conditions. To avoid credit risk concentrations, we establish limits and / or operational controls that constrain risk concentrations at portfolio and subportfolio levels with regard to sector exposures, country risk and specific product exposures.

Risk mitigation

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We actively manage the credit risk in our portfolios by taking collateral against exposures and utilizing credit hedging. In Wealth Management & Swiss Bank, the majority of loans are extended on a secured basis. For real estate financing, a mortgage over the property is taken to secure the claim. Commercial loans may also be secured by mortgages on business premises or other real estate. We apply measures to evaluate collateral and determine maximum loan-to-value ratios, including an assessment of income cover.

Lombard loans are made against the pledge of eligible marketable securities, guarantees and other forms of collateral. The Investment Bank also takes collateral in the form of marketable securities and cash in its OTC derivatives and securities financing businesses. Discounts (haircuts) are generally applied to the market value of the collateral reflecting the quality, liquidity and volatility of the underlying collateral. Exposure and collateral values are continuously monitored, and margin calls or close-out procedures are enforced when the market value of collateral falls below a predefined trigger level. Concentrations within individual collateral portfolios and across clients are also monitored where relevant and may affect the haircut applied to a specific collateral pool.

    Our OTC derivatives trading is generally conducted under bilateral International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA), or ISDA-equivalent, master netting agreements, which allow for the close-out and netting of all transactions in the event of default. We also have two-way collateral agreements with major market participants under which either party can be required to provide collateral in the form of cash or marketable securities when the exposure exceeds a predefined level. For certain counterparties like hedge funds we may also use two-way collateral agreements. We have clearly defined processes for entering into netting and collateral agreements, including the requirement to have a legal opinion on the enforceability of contracts in relevant jurisdictions in the case of insolvency.

Primarily in the Investment Bank, we actively manage the credit risk of our portfolios with the aim of reducing concentrations of

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Risk, treasury and capital management

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risk from specific counterparties, sectors or portfolios. Hedging measures used include single-name credit default swaps (CDS), index CDS and total return swaps. Single-name CDS are generally executed under bilateral netting and collateral agreements with high-grade market counterparties. We observe strict standards for recognizing credit hedges. For example, when monitoring exposures against limits, we do not usually recognize credit risk mitigants such as proxy hedges (credit protection on a correlated but different name) or index CDS. Buying credit protection creates credit exposure against the hedge provider. We monitor our exposures to credit protection providers and the effectiveness of credit hedges as part of our overall credit exposures to the relevant counterparties. In addition, we identify and monitor positions where we believe there is significant exposure and correlation between the counterparty and the hedge provider (so-called wrong-way risk). Our policy is to discourage such activity, but in any event or as market correlations may change, not to recognize wrong-way risk hedge benefit within counterparty limits and capital calculations.

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Refer to the “Basel 2.5 Pillar 3” section of this report for more information on credit derivatives

Credit risk measurement

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We have developed tools and models to measure credit risk. Exposures to individual counterparties are measured based on three generally accepted parameters: probability of default, exposure at default and loss given default. These parameters are the basis for the majority of our internal measures of credit risk, and are key inputs for the regulatory capital calculation under the advanced internal ratings-based approach of the Basel 2.5 framework governing international convergence of capital. We also use models to derive the portfolio credit risk measures of expected loss, statistical loss and stress loss.

Probability of default

The probability of default is an estimate of the likelihood of a counterparty defaulting on its contractual obligations. This probability is assessed using rating tools tailored to the various categories of counterparties. These categories are also calibrated to our internal credit rating scale (masterscale), which is designed to ensure a consistent assessment of default probabilities across counterparties. We regularly assess the performance of our rating tools and adjust our model parameters as necessary. In addition to using ratings for credit risk measurement, we use them as an important input for determining credit risk approval authorities.

    In the Investment Bank, rating tools are applied to broad segments including banks, sovereigns, corporates, funds, hedge funds and commercial real estate. We determine our choice of the relevant assessment criteria, for example, financial ratios and qualitative factors, for the rating tools on the basis of various statistical analyses, externally available information and expert judgment.

Within our retail and corporate banking business in Switzerland, we rate our business and corporate clients in the small to

medium enterprise segment using statistically developed scorecards. The underlying data used in our scorecards is predominantly based on a combination of clients’ financial information, qualitative criteria and credit loss history over several years. To rate our large corporate clients domiciled in Switzerland, Wealth Management & Swiss Bank uses templates established for this segment by our Investment Bank. We assess the probability of default from loans secured on owner-occupied or investment properties with a model that takes loan-to-value ratios and debt service capacity of the obligor into account. We rate lombard loan exposures by means of a model simulating potential changes in the value of the collateral, and the probability that it may become lower than the loan amount.

Our masterscale expresses default probabilities that we determine through our various rating tools by means of distinct classes, whereby each class incorporates a range of default probabilities. Counterparties migrate between rating classes as our assessment of their probability of default changes.

The ratings of the major credit rating agencies, and their mapping to our internal rating masterscale, are shown in the “UBS internal rating scale and mapping of external ratings” table. The mapping is based on the long-term average of one-year default rates available from the rating agencies. For each external rating category, the average default rate is compared to our internal default probability bands to derive a mapping to our internal rating scale. Our internal rating of a counterparty may, therefore, diverge from one or both of the correlated external ratings shown in the table. Observed defaults by rating agencies may vary through economic cycles, and we do not necessarily expect the actual number of defaults in our equivalent rating band to equal the rating agencies’ average in any given period. We periodically assess the long-term average default rates of credit rating agencies’ grades, and we adjust their mapping to our masterscale as necessary to reflect any material changes.

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Internal UBS rating scale and mapping of external ratings

Internal

UBS rating

DescriptionMoody’s Investors
Service mapping
Standard & Poor’s
mapping
0 and 1Investment gradeAaaAAA
2Aa1 to Aa3AA+ to AA–
3A1 to A3A+ to A–
4Baa1 to Baa2BBB+ to BBB
5Baa3BBB–
6Sub-investment gradeBa1BB+
7Ba2BB
8Ba3BB–
9B1B+
10B2B
11B3B–
12CaaCCC
13Ca to CCC to C
14DefaultedD

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Risk management and control

Exposure at default

Exposure at default (EaD) represents the amount we expect to be owed by a counterparty at the time of a possible default. We derive EaD from our current exposure to the counterparty and the possible future development of that exposure.

The EaD of a loan is the drawn or face value of the loan. For loan commitments and guarantees, the EaD includes the amount drawn as well as potential future amounts that may be drawn, which are estimated based on historical observations.

For traded products, we derive the EaD by modeling the range of possible exposure outcomes at various points in time. For securities financing transactions, we assess the net amount that may be owed to us or that we may owe to others, taking into account the impact of market moves over the potential time it would take to close out all our positions. For exchange-traded derivatives, our calculation of EaD takes into account initial and daily variation margin. We derive the EaD for OTC derivatives by modeling the potential development of replacement values of the portfolio of trades by counterparty (potential credit exposure) less the values of legally enforceable netting agreements. For collateralized OTC derivatives, our potential credit exposure is based on modeling the potential development of replacement values and collateral values, and the price correlation between the various instruments.

When measuring individual counterparty exposure against credit limits, we consider the maximum likely exposure measured to a high level of confidence of outstanding obligations. However, when aggregating exposures to different counterparties for portfolio risk measurement purposes, we use the expected exposure to each counterparty at a given time period (usually one year) generated by the same model.

We monitor the performance of our exposure models by backtesting and benchmarking them, whereby model outcomes are compared against actual results based on our internal experience as well as externally observed results.

We assess our exposures where there is a material correlation between the factors driving the credit quality of the counterparty and those driving the potential future value of our traded product exposure (wrong-way risk), and we have established specific controls to address these risks.

Loss given default

Loss given default (LGD) is the magnitude of the likely loss in case of default. LGD estimates include loss of principal, interest and other amounts (such as workout costs, including the cost of carrying an impaired position during the workout process) less recovered amounts. We determine LGD based on the likely recovery rate of claims against defaulted counterparties, which depends on the type of counterparty and any credit mitigation by way of collateral or guarantees. In our Investment Bank, LGD estimates are based on an assessment of key risk drivers such as industry segment, collateral and seniority of a claim as well as a country’s legal environment and bankruptcy procedures, supported by our internal loss data and external information where available. In our other lending portfolios, the LGD differs by counterparty and col-

lateral type and is statistically estimated based on our internal loss data. Where we hold collateral, such as marketable securities or a mortgage on a property, loan-to-value ratios are a key factor in determining LGD.

Expected loss

Credit losses are an inherent cost of doing business, but the occurrence and amount of credit losses can be erratic. In order to quantify future credit losses that may be implicit in our current portfolio, we use the concept of expected loss.

Expected loss is a statistical measure used to estimate the average annual costs we expect to experience from positions in our current credit portfolio that become impaired. The expected loss for a given credit facility is a function of the three components described above: probability of default, exposure at default and LGD. We aggregate the expected loss for individual counterparties to derive our expected portfolio credit losses.

Expected loss is the basis for quantifying credit risk in all our portfolios. It is also the starting point for the measurement of our portfolio statistical loss and stress loss and may be used as an input to value certain products.

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Refer to the discussion on “Impairment and default – distressed claims” below for more information

Statistical and stress loss

We use a statistical modeling approach to estimate the loss profile of our credit portfolios over a one-year period to a specified level of confidence. The mean value of this loss distribution is the expected loss. The loss estimates deviate from the mean due the statistical uncertainty on the defaulting counterparties and to systematic default relationships among counterparties within, and between segments. It is sensitive to concentration risks on individual counterparties and groups of counterparties. The outcome provides an indication of the level of risk in our portfolio and the way it may develop over time.

Stress loss is a scenario-based measure which complements our statistical modeling approach. We use it to assess our potential loss in various stress scenarios based on the assumption that one or more of the three key credit risk parameters will deteriorate substantially. We run stress tests on a regular basis and use them to monitor our portfolios and identify potential risk concentrations. For certain portfolios and segments, stress loss may also be subject to limits.

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Refer to the discussion on stress loss in this section for more information

Composition of credit risk – UBS Group

The exposures detailed in the tables in this section are based on our internal management view of credit risk.

The “Credit exposure by business division” table shows a breakdown of our banking and traded product exposures before and after allowances and provisions for credit losses,

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credit valuation adjustment (CVA) on traded products and specific credit hedges. Portfolio hedges, such as index CDS, are not included in this analysis. Banking product exposures are shown on an amortized cost or notional basis, without applying credit conversion factors. Exposures to OTC derivatives are generally shown in the table as net positive replacement values (RV) after the application of legally enforceable netting agreements and the deduction of cash collateral. In some cases, however, the exposures are based on a more simplistic RV plus add-on approach. Exchange-traded derivatives (ETD) exposures take into account initial and daily variation margins. Securities financing exposures are shown net of the collateral received.

Our lending business saw increased levels in 2011, following material client deleveraging in the prior year.

Total credit exposure before deductions amounted to CHF 476 billion on 31 December 2011 compared with CHF 445 billion at the end of 2010. Our banking product exposures increased to CHF 394 billion from CHF 356 billion, mainly due to increases in the balances with central banks and in the loan books of Wealth Management & Swiss Bank and Wealth Management Americas. Our traded products exposures, which arise largely in our Investment Bank, declined by CHF 7 billion

to CHF 82 billion. The largest component of our credit exposure before deductions as of 31 December 2011 was our loan portfolio, accounting for CHF 257 billion or 54% of our total credit exposure. Of this, CHF 210 billion was attributable to Wealth Management & Swiss Bank.

Additional information on the composition and credit quality of Wealth Management & Swiss Bank’s loan portfolio and the Investment Bank’s banking products and OTC derivatives portfolios is provided further on in this section. Analysis of our Investment Bank and Wealth Management & Swiss Bank portfolios is based on net exposure (i.e. after deduction of credit hedges, allowances and provisions, CVA) because we actively utilize credit hedging to manage our risks in these portfolios.

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Refer to the “Basel 2.5 Pillar 3” section of this report for more information on the credit exposures used in the determination of our required regulatory capital and additional information on credit derivatives

è

Refer to “Note 23 Derivative instruments and hedge accounting” and “Note 28c Measurement categories of financial assets and liabilities” in the “Financial information” section of this report for further information on IFRS required disclosures on derivatives and credit risk

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 Credit exposure by business division          
 

 

  Wealth Management &
Swiss Bank
   Wealth Management
Americas
   Investment Bank  Other1   UBS 
 CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.11  31.12.10 
 Balances with central banks   3,370     10,727     2,161       31,743    13,732    1,290       38,565    24,459  
                                                 
 Due from banks   4,395     2,678     1,594     2,157     18,182    13,924    655     315     24,826    19,075  
                                                 
 Loans   210,375     201,942     27,894     22,472     18,5522   17,6792   155     158     256,9772   242,2502 
                                                 
 Guarantees   11,797     10,505     406     370     5,551    4,820    129     123     17,884    15,819  
                                                 
 Loan commitments   7,955     7,276     1,076     1,066     46,927    46,216        55,958    54,558  
                                                 
 Banking products3   237,893     233,128     33,131     26,065     120,955    96,371    2,229     596     394,209    356,161  
                                                 
 OTC derivatives   5,709     4,048     74     56     45,759    47,452    330     284     51,871    51,840  
                                                 
 Exchange-traded derivatives   984     978     877     1,114     7,938    14,599        9,799    16,691  
                                                 
 Securities financing transactions       155     156     20,051    20,279        20,206    20,435  
                                                 
 Traded products   6,693     5,026     1,106     1,326     73,748    82,330    330     284     81,877    88,966  
                                                 
 Total credit exposure   244,585     238,155     34,238     27,391     194,703    178,701    2,559     880     476,086    445,127  
                                                 
 Total credit exposure, net4   243,476     236,488     34,235     27,389     163,057    143,364    2,559     876     443,328    408,117  
                                                 
 

1  Includes Global Asset Management and Corporate Center.  2  Does not include reclassified securities and similar acquired securities.  3  Excludes loans designated at fair value.  4  Net of allowances, provisions, CVA and hedges.

   

Risk, treasury and capital management

Risk management and control

Composition of credit risk – business divisions

Wealth Management & Swiss Bank

The total gross banking products exposure of Wealth Management & Swiss Bank was CHF 238 billion on 31 December 2011, compared with CHF 233 billion on 31 December 2010. The high quality of this portfolio is illustrated by the rating and loss given default distributions shown in the table “Wealth Management & Swiss Bank: distribution of net banking products exposure across UBS internal rating and loss given default buckets”. Approximately 75% of Wealth Management & Swiss Bank’s banking product portfolio is rated investment grade, with over 85% of this portion categorized in the lowest LGD bucket of 0–25%. The table below shows a shift from sub-investment to investment grade, mainly due to the introduction of a new rating methodology for the retail mortgage segment in 2011.

Wealth Management & Swiss Bank’s gross loan portfolio increased to CHF 210 billion, from CHF 202 billion in the prior year. The increase came mainly from our Wealth Management business in the Asia Pacific region and in Switzerland. Of Wealth Management & Swiss Bank’s loan portfolio, 93% was secured by collateral, of which 75% was secured by real estate and the remaining 25% by marketable securities, guarantees and other forms of collateral. The majority of the real estate exposure is secured by Swiss

residential property (single and multi-family homes), which have typically exhibited a low risk profile.

Wealth Management & Swiss Bank’s gross unsecured loan portfolio amounted to CHF 14.9 billion, 45% of which was rated investment grade. Furthermore, 67% of the unsecured portfolio related to cash-flow-based lending to corporate counterparties, and 20% to public authorities, mainly in Switzerland.

Wealth Management Americas

Wealth Management Americas

Business division reporting – in US dollars1

 

  As of or for the year ended  % change from 
USD million, except where indicated  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11 
Net interest income   849    828    671    3  
                  
Net fee and commission income   4,925    4,559    4,093    8  
                  
Net trading income   507    509    549    0  
                  
Other income   266    121    55    120  
                  
Income   6,547    6,017    5,368    9  
                  
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   (15  (6  (1  150  
                  
Total operating income   6,532    6,011    5,367    9  
                  
Personnel expenses   4,556    4,348    4,062    5  
                  

Financial advisor compensation2

   2,399    2,249    1,996    7  
                  

Compensation commitments and advances related to recruited financial advisors3

   679    609    577    11  
                  

Salaries and other personnel costs

   1,477    1,490    1,489    (1
                  
General and administrative expenses   958    887    1,189    8  
                  
Services (to) / from other business divisions   (16  (11  (5  45  
                  
Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment   107    112    189    (4
                  
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets   55    54    53    2  
                  
Total operating expenses4   5,659    5,389    5,489    5  
                  
Business division performance before tax   873    622    (122  40  
                  
Key performance indicators5     
                  
Pre-tax profit growth (%)6   40.4    N/A    N/A   
                  
Cost / income ratio (%)   86.4    89.6    102.3   
                  
Share of recurring revenues (%)   65.3    65.2    62.9   
                  
Net new money growth (%)7   2.9    1.9    (0.8 
                  
Gross margin on invested assets (bps)   81    80    79    1  
                  
Additional information     
                  
Recurring income   4,265    3,921    3,377    9  
                  
Average attributed equity (USD billion)8   6.6    9.1    7.7    (27
                  
Return on attributed equity (RoaE) (%)   13.2    6.8    (1.6 
                  
BIS risk-weighted assets (USD billion)9   24.9    27.8    25.5    (10
                  
Return on risk-weighted assets, gross (%)10   25.4    22.8    23.4   
                  
Goodwill and intangible assets (USD billion)   3.9    3.9    4.0    0  
                  
Net new money (USD billion)7   22.1    14.1    (5.4 
                  
Net new money including interest and dividend income (USD billion)11   44.8    34.7    13.2   
                  
Invested assets (USD billion)   843    756    738    12  
                  
Client assets (USD billion)   885    795    790    11  
                  
Loans, gross (USD billion)   34.1    29.7    24.1    15  
                  
Due to customers (USD billion)   56.6    41.4    38.3    37  
                  

of which: deposit accounts (USD billion)

   43.6    30.4    27.9    43  
                  
Personnel (full-time equivalents)   16,094    16,207    16,330    (1
                  
Financial advisors (full-time equivalents)   7,059    6,967    6,796    1  
                  
Business division reporting excluding PaineWebber acquisition costs12     
                  
Business division performance before tax   982    718    (17  37  
                  
Cost / income ratio (%)   84.9    88.1    100.3   
                  
Average attributed equity (USD billion)8   3.4    5.8    4.5    (41
                  

1  Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on the adoption of IAS 19R and changes to reporting segments.   2  Financial advisor compensation consists of grid-based compensation based directly on compensable revenues generated by financial advisors and supplemental compensation calculated based on financial advisor productivity, firm tenure, assets and other variables.  3  Compensation commitments and advances related to recruited financial advisors represents costs related to compensation commitments and advances granted to financial advisors at the time of recruitment which are subject to vesting requirements.  4  Refer to “Note 37 Changes in organization” in the “Financial information” section of this report for information.  5  For the definitions of our key performance indicators, refer to the “Measurement of performance” section of this report.  6  Not meaningful and not included if either the reporting period or the comparison period is a loss period.  7  Net new money excludes interest and dividend income.  8  Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information about the equity attribution framework.  9  Capital management data as of 31 December 2012 and 31 December 2011 are disclosed in accordance with the Basel 2.5 framework. Comparative data under the new framework is not available for 31 December 2010. The comparative information under the Basel II framework is therefore provided. Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information.  10  Based on Basel 2.5 risk-weighted assets for 2012. Based on Basel II risk-weighted assets for 2011 and 2010.  11  Presented in line with the historical US methodology.  12  Acquisition costs represent goodwill and intangible assets funding costs and intangible asset amortization costs primarily related to UBS’s 2000 acquisition of the PaineWebber retail brokerage business.

Financial and operating performance

Business division reporting – in Swiss francs1

 

  As of or for the year ended  % change from 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11 
Net interest income   792    729    695    9  
                  
Net fee and commission income   4,597    4,018    4,244    14  
                  
Net trading income   473    450    570    5  
                  
Other income   249    103    56    142  
                  
Income   6,110    5,300    5,565    15  
                  
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   (14  (6  (1  133  
                  
Total operating income   6,097    5,295    5,564    15  
                  
Personnel expenses   4,252    3,830    4,216    11  
                  

Financial advisor compensation2

   2,239    1,982    2,068    13  
                  

Compensation commitments and advances related to recruited financial advisors3

   634    536    599    18  
                  

Salaries and other personnel costs

   1,379    1,313    1,548    5  
                  
General and administrative expenses   893    783    1,223    14  
                  
Services (to) / from other business divisions   (15  (9  (6  67  
                  
Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment   100    99    198    1  
                  
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets   51    48    55    6  
                  
Total operating expenses4   5,281    4,750    5,685    11  
                  
Business division performance before tax   816    544    (121  50  
                  
Key performance indicators5     
                  
Pre-tax profit growth (%)6   50.0    N/A    N/A   
                  
Cost / income ratio (%)   86.4    89.6    102.2   
                  
Share of recurring revenues (%)   65.3    65.2    62.9   
                  
Net new money growth (%)7   2.9    1.8    (0.9 
                  
Gross margin on invested assets (bps)   81    79    80    3  
                  
Additional information     
                  
Recurring income   3,980    3,454    3,502    15  
                  
Average attributed equity (CHF billion)8   6.2    8.0    8.0    (23
                  
Return on attributed equity (RoaE) (%)   13.3    6.8    (1.5 
                  
BIS risk-weighted assets (CHF billion)9   22.8    26.1    23.8    (13
                  
Return on risk-weighted assets, gross (%)10   25.6    22.3    23.8   
                  
Goodwill and intangible assets (CHF billion)   3.5    3.7    3.7    (5
                  
Net new money (CHF billion)7   20.6    12.1    (6.1 
                  
Net new money including interest and dividend income (CHF billion)11   41.7    30.4    13.0   
                  
Invested assets (CHF billion)   772    709    689    9  
                  
Client assets (CHF billion)   810    746    738    9  
                  
Loans, gross (CHF billion)   31.2    27.9    22.5    12  
                  
Due to customers (CHF billion)   51.8    38.9    35.8    33  
                  

of which: deposit accounts (CHF billion)

   39.9    28.5    26.0    40  
                  
Personnel (full-time equivalents)   16,094    16,207    16,330    (1
                  
Financial advisors (full-time equivalents)   7,059    6,967    6,796    1  
                  
Business division reporting excluding PaineWebber acquisition costs12     
                  
Business division performance before tax   918    629    (12  46  
                  
Cost / income ratio (%)   84.9    88.1    100.2   
                  
Average attributed equity (CHF billion)8   3.2    5.1    4.6    (37
                  

1  Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on the adoption of IAS 19R and changes to reporting segments.  2  Financial advisor compensation consists of grid-based compensation based directly on compensable revenues generated by financial advisors and supplemental compensation calculated based on financial advisor productivity, firm tenure, assets and other variables.  3  Compensation commitments and advances related to recruited financial advisors represents costs related to compensation commitments and advances granted to financial advisors at the time of recruitment which are subject to vesting requirements.  4  Refer to “Note 37 Changes in organization” in the “Financial information” section of this report for information on restructuring charges.  5  For the definitions of our key performance indicators, refer to the “Measurement of performance” section of this report.  6  Not meaningful and not included if either the reporting period or the comparison period is a loss period.  7  Net new money excludes interest and dividend income.  8  Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information about the equity attribution framework.  9  Capital management data as of 31 December 2012 and 31 December 2011 are disclosed in accordance with the Basel 2.5 framework. Comparative data under the new framework is not available for 31 De-cember 2010. The comparative information under the Basel II framework is therefore provided. Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information.10  Based on Basel 2.5 risk-weighted assets for 2012. Based on Basel II risk-weighted assets for 2011 and 2010.  11  Presented in line with the historical US methodology.  12  Acquisition costs represent goodwill and intangible assets funding costs and intangible asset amortization costs primarily related to UBS’s 2000 acquisition of the PaineWebber retail brokerage business.

Financial and operating performance

Wealth Management Americas

Business performance

2012

Results

Wealth Management Americas reported a record pre-tax profit of USD 873 million in 2012 compared with USD 622 million in 2011. This improved performance resulted from a 9% increase in revenue due to increases in fees and commissions as well as realized gains on financial investments in our available-for-sale portfolio. Operating expenses increased 5% due to higher financial advisor related compensation and higher charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters, partially offset by lower restructuring charges. In addition, 2012 included a pre-tax gain of USD 53 million net of compensation charges related to a change in accounting estimates for certain mutual fund and annuity fee income, compared with USD 32 million related to a change in accounting estimates for certain mutual fund fees in 2011. Net new money inflows of USD 22.1 billion were the highest full year total since 2007.

Operating income

Total operating income increased 9% to USD 6,532 million from USD 6,011 million in 2011.

Net fee and commission income increased by USD 366 million to USD 4,925 million. Recurring fees increased 10% due to higher fees on managed accounts corresponding to higher invested asset levels. In addition, recurring fees included USD 59 million related to a change to accrual-based accounting estimates from a cash basis for certain mutual fund and annuity fee income, compared with USD 48 million related to the prior year. Transaction­based revenues increased 3%, primarily due to higher income from taxable fixed income products.

Interest income increased by USD 21 million to USD 849 million primarily due to higher client balances in securities-based lending and mortgages. Average securities-backed lending balances increased 12% and average mortgage balances nearly doubled from 2011. In addition, 2012 included lower income from mortgage-backed securities in the available-for-sale portfolio due to yield adjustments arising from updated cash flow estimates compared with an upward adjustment reclassifying USD 22 million from other comprehensive income in 2011.

Trading income decreased USD 2 million to USD 507 million due to lower municipal securities trading mostly offset by higher income derived from taxable fixed income, unit investment trusts and emerging market products.

Other income increased by USD 145 million to USD 266 million as realized gains on sales of financial investments held in the

available-for-sale portfolio increased to USD 234 million from USD 96 million in the prior year. These gains resulted from the rebalancing of the investment portfolio risk profile as guided by the portfolio’s investment policy. This rebalancing, which addresses faster prepayment speeds on agency mortgage-backed securities arising from a lower yield curve, may reduce the level of interest income on the portfolio going forward. Because this rebalancing is primarily driven by the interest rate environment, future gains from portfolio sales are not predictable.

Recurring income, the combination of recurring fees and net interest income, increased by USD 344 million to USD 4,265 million due to higher managed account and annuity fees as well as higher interest income. Recurring income for 2012 comprised 65% of operating income, broadly unchanged from 2011. Non-recurring income increased by USD 186 million to USD 2,282 million, primarily due to higher realized gains on the sale of financial investments in the available-for-sale portfolio and higher transaction-based activity.

Operating expenses

Operating expenses increased by USD 270 million to USD 5,659 million from USD 5,389 million due to higher financial advisor compensation corresponding to higher revenues. In 2012, Wealth Management Americas recognized restructuring provision releases of USD 1 million, while 2011 included restructuring charges of USD 10 million.

Personnel expenses were USD 4,556 million, up USD 208 million from USD 4,348 million due to a 7% increase in financial advisor compensation corresponding to higher revenue production, and an 11% increase in expenses for compensation commitments and advances related to recruited financial advisors. Salaries and other personnel costs declined 1%. Compensation advance balances were USD 3,830 million as of 31 December 2012, up USD 10 million from 31 December 2011.

Non-personnel expenses increased USD 62 million to USD 1,103 million from USD 1,042 million. General and administrative costs increased 8% to USD 958 million from USD 887 million in 2011 due to higher Corporate Center shared services expense and higher charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters. This increase was partly offset by lower professional legal fees. Depreciation expenses declined USD 5 million to USD 107 million compared with USD 112 million in 2011.

Cost/income ratio

The cost/income ratio improved to 86.4% from 89.6% in 2011. On an adjusted basis excluding restructuring provision releases in 2012 and charges in 2011, the cost/income ratio was 86.5% compared with 89.4% in 2011 and remained within the target range of 80% to 90%.

Financial and operating performance

Net new money growth

Net new money growth rate for 2012 improved to 2.9% from 1.9% in 2011, moving within the target range of 2% to 4%. Net new money inflows improved to USD 22.1 billion compared with USD 14.1 billion in 2011 due to stronger inflows from net recruiting of financial advisors as well as financial advisors employed with UBS for more than one year. Including interest and dividend income, Wealth Management Americas had net new money inflows of USD 44.8 billion in 2012 compared with USD 34.7 billion in 2011.

Invested assets

Wealth Management Americas had USD 843 billion in invested assets on 31 December 2012, up 12% from USD 756 billion on 31 December 2011, reflecting positive market performance and strong net new money inflows. As of 31 December 2012, managed account assets had increased by USD 40 billion to USD 248 billion, and comprised 29% of invested assets compared with 28% on 31 December 2011.

Gross margin on invested assets

The gross margin on invested assets was 81 basis points in 2012, up one basis point from 80 basis points in 2011 and remained within our target range of 75 to 85 basis points. This reflected a 9% increase in income compared with an 8% increase in average invested assets. The gross margin from recurring income increased by 1 basis point driven by higher managed account fees and higher annuities fees, while the gross margin from non-recurring income remained unchanged from 2011.

Personnel

As of 31 December 2012, Wealth Management Americas employed 16,094 personnel, including 7,059 financial advisors, down 113 from 31 December 2011. Financial advisor headcount increased by 92 from the prior year, mainly reflecting the hiring of experienced financial advisors and continued low financial advisor attrition. The number of non-financial advisor employees decreased by 205 to 9,035, reflecting staff reductions related to our cost reduction program.

Financial and operating performance

Wealth Management Americas

2011

Results

Wealth Management Americas reported a pre-tax profit of USD 622 million in 2011 compared with a pre-tax loss of USD 122 million in 2010. This improved performance resulted from a 12% increase in revenue due to increases in fees and commissions, interest income and realized gains on investments in our available-for-sale portfolio. Operating expenses declined 2% as a result of significantly lower charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters and lower restructuring charges. In 2011, Wealth Management Americas incurred restructuring charges of USD 10 million, while 2010 included restructuring charges of USD 150 million. In addition, 2011 included a pre-tax gain of USD 32 million, net of compensation charges, related to a change to accrual-based accounting estimates from a cash basis for certain mutual fund income.

Operating income

Total operating income increased by USD 644 million to USD 6,011 million from USD 5,367 million in 2010.

Net fee and commission income increased 11% or USD 466 million to USD 4,559 million. Recurring fees increased 14% due to higher fees on managed accounts and mutual funds corresponding to higher invested asset levels. In addition, recurring fees included USD 48 million related to the abovementioned change to accrual-based accounting estimates from a cash basis for certain mutual fund income. Transaction-based revenues increased 6% primarily due to higher income from alternative investments and equities products.

Interest income increased by USD 157 million to USD 828 million due to higher client balances in securities-based lending and mortgages, as well as from higher yields on lending products. In addition, 2011 included an upward adjustment reclassifying USD 22 million from other comprehensive income relating to mortgage-backed securities in our available-for-sale portfolio to properly reflect estimated future cash flows under the effective interest method. This adjustment was not material to prior periods.

Trading income declined 7% or USD 40 million due to lower taxable fixed income and municipal trading income, partly offset by higher trading income from structured notes.

Other income increased by USD 66 million to USD 121 million due to a USD 91 million increase in realized gains on sales of financial investments held in the available-for-sale portfolio, as realized gains were USD 96 million in 2011 compared with USD 4 million in the prior year. These gains resulted from rebalancing of the investment portfolio risk profile as guided by the portfolio’s investment policy. In addition, other income in 2010 included a USD 6 million demutualization gain from Wealth Management Americas’ stake in the Chicago Board of Options Exchange.

Operating expenses

Operating expenses decreased by USD 100 million to USD 5,389 million from USD 5,489 million, due to lower non­personnel expenses. In 2011, operating expenses included USD 10 million in restructuring charges compared with USD 150 million in restructuring charges in 2010.

Personnel expenses were USD 4,348 million, up USD 286 million from USD 4,062 million due to a 13% increase in financial advisor compensation corresponding to higher revenue production, and a 6% increase in expenses for compensation commitments and advances related to recruited financial advisors. In addition, personnel expenses included USD 5 million in restructuring charges compared with USD 32 million in 2010. Salaries and other personnel costs were broadly flat. Compensation advance balances were USD 3,820 million as of 31 December 2011, up 15% from 31 December 2010. This increase included scheduled payments in early 2011 related to the second tranche of the GrowthPlus program.

Non-personnel expenses decreased by USD 384 million to USD 1,042 million from USD 1,426 million. Non-personnel-related restructuring charges were USD 5 million compared with USD 118 million in 2010. General and administrative costs declined 25% due to lower charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters, which decreased to USD 78 million from USD 322 million, as well as lower restructuring charges related to real estate writedowns. This decline was partly offset by higher professional legal and consulting fees. Depreciation expenses declined 41% to USD 112 million from USD 189 million in 2010 due to lower restructuring charges related to the impairment of real estate assets and lower allocations from shared services areas in the Corporate Center.

Cost/income ratio

The cost/income ratio improved to 89.6% from 102.3% in 2010, primarily due to lower restructuring charges and charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters.

Net new money growth

Net new money growth rate for 2011 improved to positive 1.9% from negative 0.8% in 2010. Net new money inflows were USD 14.1 billion compared with outflows of USD 5.4 billion in 2010. This turnaround was due to improved inflows from net recruiting of financial advisors, which was primarily due to lower outflows from financial advisors attrition. Net new money from financial advisors employed with UBS for more than one year remained positive, but declined from 2010. Including interest and dividend income, Wealth Management Americas had net new money inflows of USD 34.7 billion in 2011 compared with USD 13.2 billion in 2010.

Invested assets

Wealth Management Americas had USD 756 billion in invested assets on 31 December 2011, up 2% from USD 738 billion on 31

Financial and operating performance

December 2010 due to net new money inflows and slightly positive total market performance. As of 31 December 2011, managed account assets were USD 208 billion, a 7% increase from one year earlier at USD 195 billion and comprised 28% of invested assets compared with 26% on 31 December 2010.

Gross margin on invested assets

The gross margin on invested assets increased by 1 basis point to 80 basis points in 2011, reflecting a 12% increase in income compared with a 10% increase in average invested assets. The gross margin from recurring income increased by 2 basis points due to higher managed

account fees and mutual fund fees, while the gross margin from non-recurring income decreased 1 basis point from 2010.

Personnel

As of 31 December 2011, Wealth Management Americas employed 16,207 personnel, including 6,967 financial advisors, down 123 from 31 December 2010. Financial advisor headcount increased by 171 from the prior year, mainly reflecting the hiring of experienced financial advisors. The number of non-financial advisor employees decreased by 294 to 9,240, primarily due to reduction in the shared services personnel.

Financial and operating performance

Investment Bank

Investment Bank

Business division reporting1

 

  As of or for the year ended  % change from 

 

  Excluding                        
unauthorized                       
trading incident                       
  

 

 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.112   31.12.10  31.12.11 
Investment banking   1,593    1,371      2,414    16  
                       
Advisory revenues   638    964      846    (34
                       
Capital market revenues   1,727    1,329      1,994    30  
                       

Equities

   777    574      1,020    35  
                       

Fixed income, currencies and commodities

   951    755      974    26  
                       
Other fee income and risk management   (773  (921    (426  (16
                       
Securities(excluding unauthorized trading incident)   6,971    8,459      9,534    (18
                       
Equities   2,614    3,698      4,469    (29
                       
Fixed income, currencies and commodities   4,357    4,761      5,064    (8
                       
Total income(excluding unauthorized trading incident)   8,564    9,830      11,947    (13
                       
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   34    (13    155   
                       
Total operating income(excluding unauthorized trading incident)   8,598    9,817    9,817     12,102    (12
                       
Unauthorized trading incident    (1,849    
                       
Total operating income as reported   8,598    7,968      12,102    8  
                       
Personnel expenses   5,141    5,716      6,605    (10
                       
General and administrative expenses   2,730    2,490      2,486    10  
                       
Services (to) / from other business divisions   132    108      (27  22  
                       
Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment   257    251      273    2  
                       
Impairment of goodwill   3,030    0      0   
                       
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets   41    34      34    21  
                       
Total operating expenses3   11,331    8,599    8,599     9,371    32  
                       
Business division performance before tax   (2,734  (631  1,218     2,731    333  
                       
Key performance indicators4       
                       
Pre-tax profit growth (%)5   N/A    N/A      44.2   
                       
Cost / income ratio (%)   132.3    107.7    87.5     78.4   
                       
Return on attributed equity (RoaE) (%)   (11.5  (2.4  4.6     13.7   
                       
Return on assets, gross (%)   1.1    1.0    1.2     1.4   
                       
Average VaR (1-day, 95% confidence, 5 years of historical data)   30    75    N/A     56   
                       

1  Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on the adoption of IAS 19R and changes to reporting segments.  2  Excludes the impact from the unauthorized trading incident of CHF 1,849 million in the income statement on an absolute basis and its impact on risk-weighted assets.  3  Refer to “Note 37 Changes in organization” in the “Financial information” section of this report for information on restructuring charges.  4  For the definitions of our key performance indicators, refer to the “Measurement of performance” section of this report.  5  Not meaningful and not included if either the reporting period or the comparison period is a loss period.

Financial and operating performance

Business division reporting (continued)1

 

  As of or for the year ended   % change from 

 

  Excluding                        
unauthorized                       
trading incident                       
   

 

 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.112   31.12.10   31.12.11 
Additional information          
                          
Total assets (CHF billion)3   672.3     896.2       797.5     (25
                          
Average attributed equity (CHF billion)4   23.7     26.4       19.9     (10
                          
BIS risk-weighted assets (CHF billion)5   88.6     128.1     118.0     89.9     (31
                          
Return on risk-weighted assets, gross (%)6   7.9     8.0     10.3     13.3    
                          
Goodwill and intangible assets (CHF billion)   0.1     3.2       3.2     (97
                          
Compensation ratio (%)   60.0     71.6       55.3    
                          
Impaired loan portfolio as a % of total loan portfolio, gross (%)7   3.3     4.2       7.0    
                          
Personnel (full-time equivalents)   15,866     17,007       16,488     (7
                          

1  Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on the adoption of IAS 19R and changes to reporting segments.  2  Excludes the impact from the unauthorized trading incident of CHF 1,849 million in the income statement on an absolute basis and its impact on risk-weighted assets.  3  Based on third-party view, i.e. without intercompany balances. Refer to “Note 2a Segment Reporting” in the “Financial Information” section of this report for more information.  4  Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information about the equity attribution framework.  5  Capital management data as of 31 December 2012 and 31 December 2011 are disclosed in accordance with the Basel 2.5 framework. Comparative data under the new framework is not available for 31 December 2010. The comparative information under the Basel II framework is therefore provided. Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information.  6Based on Basel 2.5 risk-weighted assets for 2012. Based on Basel II risk-weighted assets for 2011 and 2010.  7  Refer to the “Risk management and control” section of this report for more information on impairment ratios.

Financial and operating performance

Investment Bank

Business performance

2012

Results

The Investment Bank recorded a pre-tax loss of CHF 2,734 million in 2012 compared with a pre­tax loss of CHF 631 million in 2011, mainly reflecting impairment losses of CHF 3,064 million on goodwill and other non-financial assets in 2012. 2011 was adversely affected by the loss relating to the unauthorized trading incident of CHF 1,849 million. Excluding impairment losses, restructuring charges of CHF 331 million in 2012 and of CHF 216 million in 2011, a credit of CHF 98 million related to changes to a retiree benefit plan in the US and a credit of CHF 56 million related to changes to our Swiss pension plan, both in 2012, we recorded an adjusted pre-tax profit of CHF 507 million compared with an adjusted pre-tax loss of CHF 415 million. Pro-forma Basel III risk­weighted assets were reduced by CHF 81 billion to CHF 131 billion.

Operating income

Total operating income was CHF 8,598 million compared with CHF 7,968 million in the prior year, an increase of 8%. In US dollar terms, revenues increased 3%. Excluding the loss of CHF 1,849 million relating to the unauthorized trading incident, total operating income decreased 12% to CHF 8,598 million from CHF 9,817 million. This decline was mainly due to lower revenues in our equities business which was affected by lower client activity and reduced volatility levels, as well as the loss of CHF 349 million in 2012 related to the Facebook initial public offering. Revenues in the fixed income, currencies and commodities (FICC) business declined due to negative debit valuation adjustments on our derivatives portfolio, partly offset by an increase in credit revenues. Investment banking revenues improved due to higher capital market revenues and lower risk management premiums. In 2012 we recorded net credit loss recoveries of CHF 34 million, due to recoveries on corporate loans and other claims, compared with net credit loss expenses, mainly on corporate loans, of CHF 13 million in 2011.

è

Refer to the “Risk management and control” section of this report for more information on credit risk

Operating expenses

Total operating expenses increased to CHF 11,331 million compared with CHF 8,599 million, an increase of 32%, largely due to impairment losses of CHF 3,064 million on goodwill and other non­financial assets in 2012. In US dollar terms, operating expenses increased 24%. Excluding impairment losses, restructuring charges, a credit related to changes to a retiree benefit plan in the US and a credit related to

changes to our Swiss pension plan, operating expenses declined 3% to CHF 8,090 million from CHF 8,383 million. On an adjusted basis, in US dollar terms, operating expenses decreased 9%.

Personnel expenses decreased to CHF 5,141 million from CHF 5,716 million. On an adjusted basis, excluding restructuring charges of CHF 312 million compared to CHF 143 million in the prior year, a credit related to changes to a retiree benefit plan in the US and a credit related to changes to our Swiss pension plan, personnel expenses declined to CHF 4,983 million from CHF 5,573 million, mainly due to reduced variable compensation accruals and savings associated with our cost reduction programs.

General and administrative expenses increased to CHF 2,730 million from CHF 2,490 million due to higher charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters and professional fees, partly offset by savings associated with our cost reduction programs and lower restructuring charges. In 2012, we reported a charge of CHF 120 million for the annual UK bank levy compared with a charge of CHF 106 million in 2011.

Depreciation increased 2% from CHF 251 million to CHF 257 million.

An impairment of goodwill of CHF 3,030 million was recognized in 2012.

è

Refer to “Note 17 Goodwill and intangible assets” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Cost/income ratio

The cost/income ratio deteriorated to 132.3% from 107.7%. On an adjusted basis, excluding the abovementioned impairment losses, restructuring charges, a credit related to changes to a retiree benefit plan in the US and a credit related to changes to our Swiss pension plan, the cost/income ratio improved to 94.5% from 105.0%, against the target range of 70% to 80%.

BIS risk-weighted assets

Risk-weighted assets (RWA) measured on a Basel 2.5 basis decreased by CHF 39 billion to CHF 89 billion at the end of 2012. Credit risk RWA decreased by CHF 26 billion mainly as a result of reduced exposures on over-the-counter derivatives and additional hedging. Market risk RWA were reduced by CHF 12 billion as a result of de­risking activities. Our pro-forma Basel III RWA measured on a fully applied basis decreased by CHF 81 billion to CHF 131 billion mainly as credit risk RWA reduced by CHF 54 billion and market risk RWA declined by CHF 13 billion, as well as due to a transfer from the Investment Bank to the Legacy Portfolio of CHF 11 billion of risk­weighted assets for the Basel III CVA charge attributable to the Legacy Portfolio.

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Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information

Financial and operating performance

Operating income by business area

Investment banking

Investment banking revenues improved 16% to CHF 1,593 million from CHF 1,371 million due to an increase in global capital markets activity and lower risk management premiums. In US dollar terms, revenues improved 11%.

Advisory revenues decreased 34% to CHF 638 million from CHF 964 million as our market share declined against a 7% reduction in the fee pool in US dollar terms.

Capital market revenues were CHF 1,727 million compared with CHF 1,329 million, an increase of 30%. Equities capital market revenues increased 35% to CHF 777 million compared with CHF 574 million in 2011 as our market share improved against a 15% decline in the fee pool in US dollar terms. In addition, we increased our participation in private and structured transactions. Fixed income capital market revenues increased to CHF 951 million from CHF 755 million, an increase of 26%, as our market share improved in both debt and leveraged capital markets, while the global fee pool increased 6% in US dollar terms.

Other fee income and risk management revenues were negative CHF 773 million compared with negative CHF 921 million, primarily due to a decrease in risk management premiums.

Securities

Securities revenues decreased 18% to CHF 6,971 million from CHF 8,459 million. In US dollar terms, revenues decreased 21%.

Equities

Equities revenues declined 29% to CHF 2,614 million compared with CHF 3,698 million. This decline was primarily due to lower revenues in cash and derivatives. The year 2012 was characterized by lower client activity and reduced volatility levels, with increases in major equity indices. In US dollar terms, equities revenues decreased 33%.

Cash revenues were CHF 820 million compared with CHF 1,480 million due to lower commission revenues resulting from lower market activity as well as a CHF 349 million loss related to the Facebook initial public offering.

Derivatives and equity-linked revenues were CHF 780 million compared with CHF 1,035 million. During the year client activity was lower across all regions, and trading revenues particularly in Europe and Asia Pacific were affected by lower volatility levels.

In the prime services business, revenues increased to CHF 1,050 million from CHF 1,009 million, as an improvement in funding revenues more than offset a reduction in revenues in the clearing business due to lower client activity.

Other equities revenues were negative CHF 36 million compared with CHF 175 million, primarily reflecting a reduced contribution from proprietary trading as we continued to exit the business.

Fixed income, currencies and commodities

FICC revenues decreased 8% to CHF 4,357 million from CHF 4,761 million largely due to higher negative debit valuation adjustments on our derivatives portfolio. In addition, revenues declined in the businesses that we were preparing to transfer to the Corporate Center and ultimately exit following the announcement of the accelerated implementation of our strategy in October 2012. In US dollar terms, revenues declined 12%. Combined revenues from credit, macro and emerging markets rose 5% to CHF 5,132 million from CHF 4,888 million.

Credit revenues increased to CHF 2,054 million from CHF 1,613 million as revenues in 2011 were negatively affected by mark-to-market trading losses mainly in the second half of the year as trading conditions were challenging due to uncertainty surrounding the eurozone and the global economic outlook. Revenues in loan trading, flow trading, real estate finance and structured credit improved in 2012.

In macro, revenues decreased to CHF 2,673 million from CHF 2,886 million. Foreign exchange revenues declined as volatility decreased from the high levels seen in 2011 resulting from the euro-zone uncertainty. Rates revenues were broadly unchanged, with improved performances in non-linear and long-end interest rates, partially offset by lower short-end interest rates revenues.

Emerging markets revenues rose to CHF 405 million from CHF 389 million. Revenues improved across all regions, mainly as a result of higher credit revenues. The second half of 2011 was significantly impacted by the eurozone crisis, which resulted in reduced client activity, primarily in credit.

Other FICC revenues including funding and hedging costs were negative CHF 776 million compared with negative CHF 129 million. Revenues in 2012 included negative debit valuation adjustments on our derivatives portfolio of CHF 383 million as credit default swap spreads tightened compared with positive debit valuation adjustments of CHF 244 million in 2011 as spreads widened.

Personnel

The Investment Bank employed 15,866 personnel on 31 December 2012, a decrease of 1,141 from 17,007 on 31 December 2011.

On 1 July 2012 operations units from the business divisions were centralized in the Corporate Center. This centralization and subsequent reallocation of operations units led to an increase in personnel of 250.

Excluding the abovementioned effect from the centralization of operations units, personnel decreased by 1,391 due to the accelerated implementation of our strategy announced in October 2012 and as we continued to adapt our cost base to the challenging business environment. This decline was partially offset by the annual graduate intake.

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Refer to the “Significant accounting and financial reporting structure changes” section of this report for more information on changes related to the centralization of operations units

Financial and operating performance

Investment Bank

2011

Results

A pre-tax loss of CHF 631 million was recorded in 2011 compared with a pre-tax profit of CHF 2,731 million in 2010. Excluding restructuring charges of CHF 216 million in 2011 and restructuring provision releases of CHF 25 million in 2010, we recorded an adjusted pre-tax loss of CHF 415 million in 2011 compared with an adjusted pre-tax profit of CHF 2,706 million in 2010. This was due to the loss relating to the unauthorized trading incident of CHF 1,849 million reported in 2011, lower revenues across all business areas and the strengthening of the Swiss franc.

Operating income

Total operating income was CHF 7,968 million compared with CHF 12,102 million in the prior year, a decrease of 34%, or 22% in US dollar terms. During the year, we incurred a loss from the unauthorized trading incident of CHF 1,849 million in the equities business area. After a strong start to the year, increasing instability in the eurozone and the US government debt rating downgrade contributed to lack of liquidity, impacting the credit business, while the macro businesses benefited from increased volatility. In addition, subdued volumes and lower client activity affected the equities business. Net credit loss expenses in 2011 were CHF 13 million, mainly related to corporate loans. In 2010, net credit loss recoveries were CHF 155 million, mainly related to certain legacy leveraged finance and asset backed loan positions.

Operating expenses

Total operating expenses decreased 8% to CHF 8,599 million from CHF 9,371 million, mostly due to the strengthening of the Swiss franc. In US dollar terms, operating expenses increased 8%. Excluding restructuring costs of CHF 216 million in 2011 and a release of CHF 25 million in 2010 associated with our cost reduction program, operating expenses decreased 11%.

Personnel expenses decreased 13% to CHF 5,716 million from CHF 6,605 million due to lower variable compensation accruals and the favorable effect of the strengthening Swiss franc. Further, 2010 included a UK bank payroll tax charge of CHF 190 million.

General and administrative expenses increased to CHF 2,490 million from CHF 2,486 million mainly due to a charge for 2011 for the UK bank levy of CHF 106 million and higher professional fees, partially offset by the strengthening Swiss franc and UK value added tax releases.

Net charges from other business divisions were CHF 108 million compared with negative CHF 27 million due to the transfer of approximately 280 personnel to Wealth Management as part of forming the Investment Products & Services unit in early 2011.

Depreciation decreased 8% to CHF 251 million from CHF 273 million, largely due to lower charges for IT hardware.

Amortization of intangible assets was in line with 2010 at CHF 34 million.

Operating income by business area

In 2011, we implemented two structural changes in our business division: allocating risk management premiums from equities and FICC to investment banking; and transferring the commodities business, formerly booked in equities, to FICC. The changes were not material and therefore did not necessitate restatement at a divisional level. However, we have made reference to these changes where relevant to aid explanation of the business area results.

Investment banking

Investment banking revenues decreased 43% to CHF 1,371 million in 2011 from CHF 2,414 million in the previous year. This was mainly due to a reduction in global capital markets activity and the revised allocation of the risk management premiums, which were higher compared with 2010, as well as the effects of the strengthening of the Swiss franc. In US dollar terms, revenues declined 34%.

Advisory revenues increased 14% to CHF 964 million from CHF 846 million, as a result of a more robust market in the first half of 2011. Our market share increased slightly compared with 2010.

Capital market revenues were CHF 1,329 million compared with CHF 1,994 million due in part to the deepening of the sovereign debt crisis in Europe as well as slower US economic growth which depressed activity levels. Equities capital market revenues were CHF 574 million, down 44% from CHF 1,020 million as revenues and market share decreased across all regions against a 25% reduction in the fee pool in US dollar terms. Fixed income capital market revenues decreased 22% to CHF 755 million from CHF 974 million as our market share declined while the market fee pool increased 12% in US dollar terms.

Other fee income and risk management revenues were negative CHF 921 million compared with negative CHF 426 million, primarily due to an increase in risk management premiums and the effect of their revised allocation to investment banking.

Securities

Securities revenues were CHF 8,459 million compared with CHF 9,534 million in 2010. In US dollar terms, revenues increased 5%.

Equities

Revenues in equities were CHF 3,698 million, down 17% from CHF 4,469 million in 2010, primarily due to the strengthening of the Swiss franc. In US dollar terms, revenues declined 2%.

Cash revenues decreased 17% to CHF 1,480 million compared with CHF 1,776 million. In US dollar terms, revenues declined 2%. The decrease was primarily due to a reduction in volumes and client activity. However, our cash equities exchange market share was slightly up on 2010.

Derivatives and equity-linked revenues were CHF 1,035 million compared with CHF 1,580 million. Within derivatives, revenues in Europe, the Middle East and Africa declined and more than offset higher revenues in Asia Pacific and the Americas. In addition, trading revenues were impacted by ongoing market volatility. In equi-

Financial and operating performance

ty-linked, revenues declined due to lower valuations and volumes as well as reduced primary market activity, which impacted the secondary markets.

In the prime services business, revenues declined 3% to CHF 1,009 million, reflecting the Swiss franc appreciation as the majority of our balances are US dollar denominated. In US dollar terms, revenues were up 15% as a result of improved securities lending revenues.

Other equities revenues were CHF 175 million compared with CHF 77 million, mainly due to the abovementioned revised allocation of risk management premiums. Proprietary trading reported positive revenues, though these were lower than in 2010.

Fixed income, currencies and commodities

FICC revenues decreased 6% to CHF 4,761 million in 2011 from CHF 5,064 million in 2010, primarily due to the strengthening of the Swiss franc. In US dollar terms, revenues increased 11%.

In credit, revenues decreased to CHF 1,613 million from CHF 2,262 million in 2010, primarily due to mark-to-market losses in the flow business. Concerns surrounding the eurozone and the global economic outlook significantly impacted market volatility, liquidity and client activity, resulting in challenging conditions for flow trading, partly offset by an improved performance by credit solutions.

In macro, revenues rose to CHF 2,886 million from CHF 2,369 million in 2010. Revenues increased across all interest rates busi-ness lines. Foreign exchange benefited from market volatility in the second half of

2011 and from the contributions of our new e-trading platform. Non-linear interest rates reported a turnaround from negative to positive revenues in 2011.

Emerging markets revenues decreased to CHF 389 million from CHF 558 million, as increased foreign exchange revenues were more than offset by lower revenues in credit and rates. Latin America saw an improvement in revenues whereas both Asia and Europe reported a decrease.

Other FICC revenues including funding and hedging costs were negative CHF 129 million in 2011 compared with negative CHF 126 million in 2010. In 2011, we recorded positive debit valuation adjustments of CHF 244 million on our derivatives portfolio compared with positive debit valuation adjustments of CHF 155 million in 2010, as UBS’s credit default swap spreads widened in both periods. This improvement was more than offset by higher funding charges in 2011.

Personnel

The Investment Bank employed 17,007 personnel on 31 December 2011, an increase of 519 from 16,488 on 31 December 2010. This increase was mainly due to the revised allocation methodology for the Corporate Center personnel implemented in 2011 and new hires, partly offset by attrition and the transfer of approximately 280 personnel to Wealth Management as part of forming the Investment Products & Services unit in 2011.

Financial and operating performance

Global Asset Management

Global Asset Management

Business division reporting1

 

  As of or for the year ended  % change from 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11 
Net management fees2   1,722    1,704    1,918    1  
                  
Performance fees   162    99    141    64  
                  
Total operating income   1,884    1,803    2,058    4  
                  
Personnel expenses   885    954    1,097    (7
                  
General and administrative expenses   395    375    400    5  
                  
Services (to) / from other business divisions   (10  (1  (5  900  
                  
Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment   37    38    43    (3
                  
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets   8    8    8    0  
                  
Total operating expenses3   1,314    1,373    1,543    (4
                  
Business division performance before tax   570    430    515    33  
                  
Key performance indicators4     
                  
Pre-tax profit growth (%)   32.6    (16.5  15.5   
                  
Cost / income ratio (%)   69.7    76.2    75.0   
                  
Net new money growth (%)5   (2.3  0.8    0.3   
                  
Information by business line     
                  
Operating income     
                  
Traditional investments   1,120    1,097    1,259    2  
                  
Alternative and quantitative investments   268    253    325    6  
                  
Global real estate   293    263    258    11  
                  
Infrastructure and private equity   35    24    14    46  
                  
Fund services   169    165    202    2  
                  
Total operating income   1,884    1,803    2,058    4  
                  
Gross margin on invested assets (bps)     
                  
Traditional investments   23    23    25    0  
                  
Alternative and quantitative investments   91    76    88    20  
                  
Global real estate   74    72    69    3  
                  
Infrastructure and private equity   44    83    140    (47
                  
Total gross margin   33    33    36    0  
                  
Net new money (CHF billion)5     
                  
Traditional investments   (11.6  0.0    4.2   
                  
Alternative and quantitative investments   (2.7  (0.8  (3.2 
                  
Global real estate   1.3    1.6    0.6   
                  
Infrastructure and private equity   (0.2  3.5    0.1   
                  
Total net new money   (13.3  4.3    1.8   
                  

Net new money excluding money market flows

   (5.9  9.0    8.2   
                  

of which: from third parties

   (0.6  12.2    16.2   
                  

of which: from UBS’s wealth management businesses

   (5.2  (3.1  (8.1 
                  

Money market flows

   (7.4  (4.7  (6.4 
                  

of which: from third parties

   0.9    0.2    2.0   
                  

of which: from UBS’s wealth management businesses

   (8.3  (5.0  (8.3 
                  

1  Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on the adoption of IAS 19R and changes to reporting segments.  2  Net management fees include transaction fees, fund administration revenues (including interest and trading income from lending business and foreign exchange hedging as part of the fund services offering), gains or losses from seed money and co-investments, funding costs and other items that are not performance fees.  3  Refer to “Note 37 Changes in organization” in the “Financial information” section of this report for information on restructuring charges.  4  For the definitions of our key performance indicators, refer to the “Measurement of performance” section of this report.  5  Net new money excludes interest and dividend income.

Financial and operating performance

Business division reporting (continued)1

 

  As of or for the year ended  % change from 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.12   31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11 
Invested assets (CHF billion)      
                   
Traditional investments   504     497    487    1  
                   

of which: money market funds

   83     92    96    (10
                   
Alternative and quantitative investments   28     31    34    (10
                   
Global real estate   40     38    36    5  
                   
Infrastructure and private equity   8     8    1    0  
                   
Total invested assets   581     574    559    1  
                   
Assets under administration by fund services      
                   
Assets under administration (CHF billion)2   410     375    390    9  
                   
Net new assets under administration (CHF billion)3   7.7     (5.5  (0.8 
                   
Gross margin on assets under administration (bps)   4     4    5    0  
                   
Additional information      
                   
Average attributed equity (CHF billion)4   2.2     2.5    2.5    (12
                   
Return on attributed equity (RoaE) (%)   25.9     17.2    20.6   
                   
BIS risk-weighted assets (CHF billion)5   3.5     3.6    3.5    (3
                   
Return on risk-weighted assets, gross (%)6   54.4     50.6    56.8   
                   
Goodwill and intangible assets (CHF billion)   1.5     1.5    1.5    0  
                   
Personnel (full-time equivalents)   3,781     3,750    3,481    1  
                   

1  Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on the adoption of IAS 19R and changes to reporting segments.  2  This includes UBS and third-party fund assets, for which the fund services unit provides professional services, including fund set-up, accounting and reporting for traditional investment funds and alternative funds.  3  Inflows of assets under administration from new and existing funds less outflows from existing funds or fund exits.  4  Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information about the equity attribution framework.  5  Capital management data as of 31 December 2012 and 31 December 2011 are disclosed in accordance with the Basel 2.5 framework. Comparative data under the new framework is not available for 31 December 2010. The comparative information under the Basel II framework is therefore provided. Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information.  6  Based on Basel 2.5 risk-weighted assets for 2012. Based on Basel II risk-weighted assets for 2011 and 2010.

Financial and operating performance

Global Asset Management

Business performance

2012

Results

Pre-tax profit for 2012 was CHF 570 million compared with CHF 430 million in 2011. Performance fees were significantly higher, mainly in alternative and quantitative investments. Net management fees were also higher. Operating expenses were lower due to lower personnel costs, which resulted from lower variable compensation and from credits related to changes to pension and benefit plans.

Operating income

Total operating income was CHF 1,884 million in 2012 compared with CHF 1,803 million in 2011. Performance fees were significantly higher at CHF 162 million compared with CHF 99 million, mainly driven by stronger investment performance in alternative and quantitative investments as well as in traditional investments. Net management fees were also higher, notably in global real estate.

Operating expenses

Total operating expenses were CHF 1,314 million in 2012 compared with CHF 1,373 million in 2011. Lower personnel costs were partially offset by higher general and administrative expenses. Restructuring costs were CHF 20 million in 2012, mainly associated with our cost reduction program but also including CHF 3 million related to the acquisition of the ING Investment Management business in Australia, which was completed in late 2011 and fully integrated in early 2012. The prior year’s restructuring costs were CHF 26 million, of which CHF 7 million related to the same acquisition.

After adjusting for restructuring costs in 2012 and 2011, as well as credits of CHF 30 million and CHF 16 million in 2012 related to changes to our Swiss pension plan and a retiree benefit plan in the US respectively, operating expenses were marginally lower at CHF 1,340 million in 2012 compared with CHF 1,347 million in 2011.

Personnel expenses were CHF 885 million in 2012 compared with CHF 954 million in 2011. The decrease was mainly due to lower variable compensation, partly offset by higher base salaries, and the abovementioned pension and benefit-related credits.

General and administrative expenses were CHF 395 million in 2012 compared with CHF 375 million in 2011. CHF 5 million of the increase related to a charge for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters, and although 2012 included a reversal of previously recognized expenses related to a past business closure of CHF 5 million, there was also a similar reversal of CHF 9 million in 2011.

Net charges to other business divisions increased to CHF 10 million in 2012 from CHF 1 million in 2011. The increase was mainly due to the centralization of operations units from the business divisions in the Corporate Center during the year, which also had the effect of increasing personnel costs by CHF 4 million and general and administrative expenses by CHF 2 million.

è

Refer to the “Significant accounting and financial reporting structure changes” section of this report for more information on changes related to the centralization of operations units

Cost/income ratio

The cost/income ratio was 69.7% in 2012 compared with 76.2% in 2011. On an adjusted basis, the cost/income ratio was 71.1% compared with 74.7%. Our target cost/income ratio range is 60% to 70%.

Net new money growth

The net new money growth rate was negative 2.3% in 2012 compared with positive 0.8% in 2011. Our target net new money growth rate range is 3% to 5%.

Excluding money market flows, net new money outflows from third parties were CHF 0.6 billion in 2012 compared with net inflows of CHF 12.2 billion in 2011. Net inflows, notably from sovereign clients, were more than offset by net outflows, particularly from clients in the Americas and Asia Pacific.

Excluding money market flows, net new money outflows from clients of UBS’s wealth management businesses were CHF 5.2 billion compared with CHF 3.1 billion in 2011. The net outflows in 2012 were mainly from clients booked in Switzerland and from alternative and quantitative investments.

Money market net inflows from third parties were CHF 0.9 billion compared with CHF 0.2 billion in 2011 and were mainly from sovereign clients.

Money market net outflows from clients of UBS’s wealth management businesses were CHF 8.3 billion compared with CHF 5.0 billion in 2011. The net outflows in 2012 were mainly from clients in the Americas and Switzerland. An initiative by Wealth Management Americas to deposit client cash in UBS Bank USA reduced inflows into money market funds managed by Global Asset Management and accounted for net outflows of CHF 6.2 billion in 2012.

Invested assets

Invested assets increased to CHF 581 billion on 31 December 2012 from CHF 574 billion on 31 December 2011, mainly due to positive market movements, partly offset by net new money outflows and negative currency effects. The sale, as agreed prior to the acquisition, of parts of the ING Investment Management business acquired in Australia in 2011 resulted in a net divestment of CHF 14 billion of invested assets in 2012.

Financial and operating performance

Gross margin on invested assets

The gross margin of 33 basis points in 2012 was in line with 2011 and within our target range of 32 to 38 basis points.

Results by business line

Traditional investments

Revenues increased to CHF 1,120 million in 2012 from CHF 1,097 million in 2011, mainly due to higher performance fees as a result of stronger investment performance.

Thegross margin of 23 basis points was in line with 2011.

Net new money outflows were CHF 11.6 billion compared with zero in the prior year. Excluding money market flows, net new money outflows were CHF 4.3 billion compared with net inflows of CHF 4.7 billion. Equities net outflows were CHF 1.3 billion compared with net inflows of CHF 4.7 billion. Fixed income net inflows were CHF 2.4 billion compared with CHF 5.7 billion. Multi-asset net outflows (which included flows related to alternative investments not managed by the alternative and quantitative investments, global real estate or infrastructure and private equity investment areas) were CHF 5.4 billion compared with CHF 5.7 billion.

Invested assets were CHF 504 billion on 31 December 2012 compared with CHF 497 billion on 31 December 2011. By mandate type, CHF 163 billion of invested assets related to equities, CHF 154 billion to fixed income, CHF 83 billion to money markets and CHF 103 billion to multi-asset mandates (including CHF 7 billion of alternative investments not managed by the alternative and quantitative investments, global real estate or infrastructure and private equity investment areas).

Alternative and quantitative investments

Revenues were CHF 268 million compared with CHF 253 million. Higher performance fees as a result of strong investment performance, notably in O’Connor single manager funds, were partially offset by the full year impact of the transfer of the infrastructure and private equity fund of funds businesses to infrastructure and private equity in mid-2011.

Thegross margin increased from 76 basis points to 91 basis points, primarily due to the higher performance fees.

Net new money outflows were CHF 2.7 billion compared with CHF 0.8 billion in 2011.

Invested assets were CHF 28 billion on 31 December 2012 compared with CHF 31 billion on 31 December 2011, mainly due to the net new money outflows.

Global real estate

Revenues were CHF 293 million compared with CHF 263 million, mainly due to higher net management and performance fees.

Thegross margin increased to 74 basis points compared with 72 basis points in 2011, primarily due to the higher performance fees.

Net new money inflows were CHF 1.3 billion compared with CHF 1.6 billion in 2011.

Invested assets were CHF 40 billion on 31 December 2012 compared with CHF 38 billion on 31 December 2011, the increase was mainly due to positive market movements.

Infrastructure and private equity

Revenues were CHF 35 million compared with CHF 24 million with the increase reflecting the full year impact of the transfer of the infrastructure and private equity fund of funds businesses from alternative and quantitative investments in mid-2011.

Net new money outflows were CHF 0.2 billion compared with CHF 3.5 billion inflows in 2011.

Invested assets were CHF 8 billion on 31 December 2012, in line with the previous year.

Fund services

Revenues were CHF 169 million compared with CHF 165 million, mainly due to higher administrative fees resulting from higher average assets under administration.

Thegross margin on assets under administration was 4 basis points, in line with the previous year.

Net new assets under administration inflows were CHF 7.7 billion compared with CHF 5.5 billion outflows in 2011.

Totalassets under administration increased to CHF 410 billion from CHF 375 billion mainly due to positive market performance and net new assets under administration inflows.

Personnel

Global Asset Management employed 3,781 personnel on 31 December 2012 compared with 3,750 on 31 December 2011, a net increase of 31 personnel. Increases in personnel resulted from an increased allocation from the Corporate Center following the centralization of operations units (approximately 50 personnel) and the transfer of the Jersey fund services business from Wealth Management to Global Asset Management. These increases were partially offset by restructuring actions, mainly in the business acquired from ING Investment Management in Australia.

Investment performance

Both traditional and alternative strategies generally delivered strong performance in 2012 as they were well positioned for the volatile markets and continued macro­economic uncertainty experienced during the year.

A large majority of our activeequities strategies performed in line with or above their benchmarks in 2012, as equity market focus shifted away from political and macro-economic concerns towards company fundamentals. Across global, non-US and European equity strategies, performance was generally strong versus benchmarks and ahead of peer averages. Among US strategies, the flagship US large cap growth select strongly outperformed its benchmark and peer average. While US core equity large cap fin-

115


Financial and operating performance

Global Asset Management

ished behind its benchmark, its wholesale fund outperformed its peer group average, illustrating that it was a difficult year for most active US managers. Across Asia and emerging markets strategies, performance was mixed, but the emerging markets opportunity and Asian consumption strategies had outstanding performance. Our small cap equity range was also mixed but notably strong performance was achieved by our non-US growth, Swiss, German and Australian small cap equity strategies. In our non­traditional equities products, strong performance was delivered by several long-short unconstrained, hedged and market neutral funds, and global sustainable equity. Our range of equity index­tracking (passive) strategies met their objectives in 2012 by producing close tracking to benchmarks. On a longer-term basis, three-year performance records of our active strategies were impacted versus a year ago as a very strong 2009 dropped out of the three-year period. However, on a five-year basis a solid majority of our equities strategies outperformed their benchmarks and peer averages.

2012 was a strong year for ourfixed income strategies with almost all of our key strategies outperforming their respective benchmarks. Longer-term track records also continued to strengthen. The environment was dominated by continued uncertainty around peripheral eurozone sovereigns, though towards the end of the year the focus shifted to the US fiscal cliff and debt ceiling negotiations. Traditional global and local bond strategies (such as Australian, euro, Swiss, UK and US), and also higher alpha strategies (such as euro high yield) outperformed their benchmarks. Extended sectors (such as emerging markets, Asian bonds and total return strategies) also performed strongly in the volatile market environment. Money market funds continued to achieve their capital preservation objectives.

Key multi-asset strategies managed byglobal investment solutions performed strongly in 2012. All key strategies achieved

positive absolute returns, while most outperformed their benchmarks and ranked in the top quartile relative to peers. Over three and five years, the majority of key multi-asset strategies have significantly outperformed their peer group averages. The peer-relative performance of the Dynamic Alpha strategy in the US ranked in the first percentile for 2012, and the third percentile over five years.

Inalternative and quantitative investments, hedge funds produced consistent positive returns in 2012 while remaining generally hedged to rallying global risk markets. The O’Connor core single manager funds posted positive returns and outperformed many peers on an absolute and risk-adjusted basis. In the multi-manager business, returns for the year were positive across core products and particularly fixed income and credit-oriented products.

The majority ofglobal real estate’s direct strategies covering Europe and Germany generated positive absolute returns in 2012. While the UK core fund produced a negative absolute return, the UK value-add fund was the best-performing balanced/specialist unlisted real estate fund in the UK for 2012. The Swiss composite outperformed its benchmark for the year. US real estate and farmland strategies delivered strong positive absolute returns in 2012. In Japan, both J-REITs strongly outperformed their benchmarks in 2012 and produced very strong absolute returns. The Swiss real estate securities composite performance was positive relative to benchmark for the year. Multi-manager strategies had positive absolute returns for 2012.

Ininfrastructure and private equity, the direct infrastructure portfolio continued to deliver stable cash flows and performance in line with target return objectives. Within our multi-manager area, the infrastructure fund of funds strategies showed improving returns and increased dividend yield. Private equity fund of funds strategies performed broadly in line with expectations.

Financial and operating performance

2011

Results

Pre-tax profit for 2011 was CHF 430 million compared with CHF 515 million in 2010. Lower net management fees and lower performance fees, primarily in alternative and quantitative investments, were only partially offset by lower expenses, which included CHF 26 million in restructuring charges associated with both our cost reduction program and the acquisition of the ING Investment Management business in Australia.

Operating income

Total operating income was CHF 1,803 million in 2011 compared with CHF 2,058 million in 2010. This decrease was mainly due to lower net management fees, primarily as a result of negative market performance and the strengthening of the Swiss franc over most of the year leading to lower average invested assets. Performance fees were also lower, primarily in alternative and quantitative investments.

Operating expenses

Total operating expenses were CHF 1,373 million in 2011 compared with CHF 1,543 million in 2010, mainly due to lower personnel costs as well as lower general and administrative expenses, both partly due to the strengthening of the Swiss franc and savings associated with our cost reduction program. A total of CHF 26 million in restructuring charges was incurred in 2011, of which CHF 19 million related to our cost reduction program and CHF 7 million related to the ING Investment Management business acquisition.

Personnel expenses were CHF 954 million in 2011 compared with CHF 1,097 million in 2010, mainly due to lower accruals for variable compensation as a result of lower profits, the strengthening of the Swiss franc and savings associated with our cost reduction program.

General and administrative expenses were CHF 375 million in 2011 compared with CHF 400 million in 2010, mainly due to lower premises, IT and advertising costs as well as the reversal of previously recognized expenses of CHF 9 million related to a past business closure.

Net charges to other business divisions were CHF 1 million in 2011 compared with CHF 5 million in 2010.

Cost/income ratio

The cost/income ratio was 76.2% in 2011 compared with 75.0% in 2010. On an adjusted basis, excluding restructuring charges, the cost/income ratio was 74.7% compared with 75.0%.

Net new money growth

The net new money growth rate was positive 0.8% in 2011 compared with 0.3% in 2010.

Excluding money market flows, net new money inflows from third parties were CHF 12.2 billion in 2011 compared with net inflows of CHF 16.2 billion in 2010, and net outflows from clients of UBS’s wealth management businesses were CHF 3.1 billion compared with net outflows of CHF 8.1 billion. The flows from UBS’s wealth management businesses included two transfers of investment management and research responsibility from Wealth Management to Global Asset Management: a CHF 1.8 billion multi-manager alternative fund was transferred to alternative and quantitative investments, and CHF 2.9 billion in private equity funds of funds were transferred to infrastructure and private equity. It should be noted that these assets were reported as invested assets in both business divisions, as Wealth Management continued to advise the clients of the funds.

Money market net inflows from third parties were CHF 0.2 billion compared with CHF 2.0 billion in 2010, and money market net outflows from clients of UBS’s wealth management businesses were CHF 5.0 billion compared with CHF 8.3 billion in 2010.

Invested assets

Total invested assets increased to CHF 574 billion on 31 December 2011 from CHF 559 billion on 31 December 2010, mainly due to the addition of CHF 25 billion from the ING Investment Management business acquisition.

Invested assets varied considerably during the year but were on average lower due to market volatility and currency movements. Taking the year as a whole, the currency impact on invested assets was flat, while positive net new money was more than offset by negative market performance.

Gross margin on invested assets

The gross margin was 33 basis points in 2011 compared with 36 basis points in 2010, reflecting lower performance fees, primarily in alternative and quantitative investments.

Results by business line

Traditional investments

Revenues were CHF 1,097 million compared with CHF 1,259 million, predominantly reflecting lower average invested assets as a result of negative market performance and the strengthening of the Swiss franc over most of the year.

Thegross margin was 23 basis points compared with 25 basis points in 2010, mainly due to changes in the asset mix.

    Net new money inflows were zero compared with CHF 4.2 billion inflows in the prior year. Excluding money market flows, net new money inflows were CHF 4.7 billion compared with CHF 10.6 billion. Equities net inflows were CHF 4.7 billion compared with CHF 7.5 billion. Fixed income net inflows were CHF 5.7 billion compared with CHF 9.7 billion. Multi-asset net outflows (which included flows related to alternative investments not managed by the alternative and quantitative investments, global real estate or

117  


Financial and operating performance

Global Asset Management

infrastructure and private equity investment areas) were CHF 5.7 billion compared with CHF 6.6 billion.

Invested assets were CHF 497 billion on 31 December 2011 compared with CHF 487 billion on 31 December 2010, mainly due to the ING Investment Management business acquisition, partially offset by negative market performance. By mandate type, CHF 141 billion of invested assets related to equities, CHF 141 billion to fixed income, CHF 92 billion to money markets and CHF 123 billion to multi-asset mandates (including CHF 6 billion of alternative investments not managed by the alternative and quantitative investments, global real estate or infrastructure and private equity investment areas).

Alternative and quantitative investments

Revenues were CHF 253 million compared with CHF 325 million, mainly due to performance fees being lower by CHF 50 million, which also contributed to the decline in thegross margin to 76 basis points from 88 basis points. Management fees were also lower, primarily due to lower average invested assets.

Net new money outflows were CHF 0.8 billion compared with net outflows of CHF 3.2 billion. The flows included a CHF 1.8 billion inflow related to the transfer of investment management and research responsibility for a multi-manager alternative fund from Wealth Management.

Invested assets were CHF 31 billion on 31 December 2011 compared with CHF 34 billion on 31 December 2010. The transfer within Global Asset Management of infrastructure and private equity fund of funds businesses to infrastructure and private equity was partially offset by the abovementioned transfer from Wealth Management.

Global real estate

Revenues were CHF 263 million compared with CHF 258 million, mainly due to higher transaction and performance fees, which more than offset the currency impact from the strengthening of the Swiss franc. As a result, thegross margin increased to 72 basis points compared with 69 basis points.

Net new money inflows were CHF 1.6 billion compared with CHF 0.6 billion in 2010.

Invested assets were CHF 38 billion on 31 December 2011, increased from CHF 36 billion on 31 December 2010, mainly due to net new money inflows.

Infrastructure and private equity

Revenues were CHF 24 million compared with CHF 14 million. The increase was mainly due to a one-time distribution fee from a co-investment in the UBS International Infrastructure Fund and the transfer of infrastructure and private equity fund of funds businesses from alternative and quantitative investments. As a result of this transfer, the name of this business line changed to infrastructure and private equity.

Net new money inflows were CHF 3.5 billion compared with CHF 0.1 billion in 2010, mainly due to a CHF 2.9 billion inflow resulting from a transfer of investment management and research responsibilities for private equity funds of funds from Wealth Management.

Invested assets were CHF 8 billion on 31 December 2011 compared with CHF 1 billion on 31 December 2010. This increase mainly related to the abovementioned transfer from Wealth Management and to the transfer within Global Asset Management of infrastructure and private equity fund of funds businesses from alternative and quantitative investments.

Fund services

Revenues were CHF 165 million compared with CHF 202 million, mainly due to lower administrative fees resulting from lower average assets under administration and lower interest income.

Thegross margin on assets under administration was 4 basis points compared with 5 basis points.

Net new assets under administration outflows were CHF 5.5 billion compared with CHF 0.8 billion.

Totalassets under administration were CHF 375 billion compared with CHF 390 billion due to negative market performance and currency impact as well as net outflows.

Personnel

Global Asset Management employed 3,750 personnel on 31 December 2011 compared with 3,481 on 31 December 2010, a net increase of 269 personnel. Increases in personnel resulted from a refined headcount allocation methodology for the Corporate Center (275 personnel) and the acquisition of the ING Investment Management business in Australia. These increases were partially offset by headcount reductions as part of our cost reduction program.

Financial and operating performance

Retail & Corporate

Business division reporting1

 

  As of or for the year ended  % change from 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11 
Net interest income   2,186    2,328    2,422    (6
                  
Net fee and commission income   1,198    1,175    1,178    2  
                  
Net trading income   281    333    249    (16
                  
Other income   90    350    97    (74
                  
Income   3,756    4,186    3,946    (10
                  
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   (27  (101  (76  (73
                  
Total operating income   3,728    4,085    3,870    (9
                  
Personnel expenses   1,287    1,702    1,687    (24
                  
General and administrative expenses   857    834    836    3  
                  
Services (to) / from other business divisions   (370  (470  (509  (21
                  
Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment   128    136    146    (6
                  
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets   0    0    0   
                  
Total operating expenses2   1,901    2,201    2,160    (14
                  
Business division performance before tax   1,827    1,884    1,710    (3
                  
Key performance indicators3     
                  
Pre-tax profit growth (%)   (3.0  10.2    6.0   
                  
Cost / income ratio (%)   50.6    52.6    54.7   
                  
Net interest margin (%)   1.60    1.71    1.79   
                  
Net new business volume growth (%)   4.9    3.5    3.9   
                  
Impaired loan portfolio as a % of total loan portfolio, gross (%)4   0.7    0.7    0.9   
                  
Additional information     
                  
Average attributed equity (CHF billion)5   4.5    5.0    4.6    (10
                  
Return on attributed equity (RoaE) (%)   40.6    37.7    37.2   
                  
BIS risk-weighted assets (CHF billion)6   30.6    25.2    26.5    21  
                  
Return on risk-weighted assets, gross (%)7   13.8    16.5    13.7   
                  
Goodwill and intangible assets (CHF billion)   0.0    0.0    0.0   
                  
Business volume (CHF billion)   518    468    464    11  
                  
Client assets (CHF billion)8   381    333    329    14  
                  
Loans, gross (CHF billion)   137.3    135.3    134.8    1  
                  
Due to customers (CHF billion)   131.1    117.9    111.7    11  
                  
Secured loan portfolio as a % of total loan portfolio, gross (%)   91.7    90.9    90.3   
                  
Personnel (full-time equivalents)   10,156    11,430    12,089    (11
                  

1 Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on the adoption of IAS 19R and changes to reporting segments.  2  Refer to “Note 37 Changes in organization” in the “Financial information” section of this report for information on restructuring charges.  3  For the definitions of our key performance indicators, refer to the “Measurement of performance” section of this report.  4  Refer to the “Risk management and control” section of this report for more information on impairment ratios.  5  Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information about the equity attribution framework.  6   Capital management data as of 31 December 2012 and December 2011 are disclosed in accordance with the Basel 2.5 framework. Comparative data under the new framework is not available for 31 December 2010. The comparative information under the Basel II framework is therefore provided. Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information.  7  Based on Basel 2.5 risk-weighted assets for 2012. Based on Basel II risk-weighted assets for 2011 and 2010.8  In 2012, the definition of client assets was refined. Prior periods have been adjusted accordingly. Refer to “Note 35 Invested assets and net new money” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.

Financial and operating performance

Retail & Corporate

Business performance

2012

Results

Pre-tax profit decreased by CHF 57 million to CHF 1,827 million from CHF 1,884 million in the prior year. In 2012, personnel expenses benefited from a CHF 287 million credit related to changes to our Swiss pension plan. In 2011, there was a gain of CHF 289 million from the sale of our strategic investment portfolio. Adjusted for these items and restructuring charges of CHF 3 million in 2012 and CHF 32 million in 2011, pre-tax profit decreased by CHF 84 million to CHF 1,543 million, mainly as the previous year benefited from CHF 68 million of accrued interest from the abovementioned strategic investment portfolio sold in the third quarter of 2011.

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Refer to the “Certain items affecting our results in 2011” sidebar in our Annual Report 2011 for more information on the sale of our strategic investment portfolio

Operating income

Total operating income decreased by CHF 357 million to CHF 3,728 million, mainly reflecting the abovementioned gain from the sale of our strategic investment portfolio in 2011. Adjusted for this gain, operating income decreased by CHF 68 million to CHF 3,728 million from CHF 3,796 million.

Net interest income decreased by CHF 142 million to CHF 2,186 million as the previous year included interest income of CHF 68 million related to our strategic investment portfolio. Net interest income was also negatively affected by increased costs related to assets managed centrally by Group Treasury and lower allocations related to investment proceeds from the firm’s equity. The loan margin was stable, but historically low interest rates continued to negatively affect the deposit margin. This was partly offset by growth in average deposit and, to a lesser extent, loan volumes as well as a number of pricing adjustments.

Net fee and commission income was CHF 1,198 million, up CHF 23 million from CHF 1,175 million in 2011 reflecting strong corporate finance activity related to our continued focus on our fee-based advisory offering.

Net trading income decreased to CHF 281 million from CHF 333 million due to lower treasury-related income and lower valuation income in 2012 related to credit default swaps to hedge certain loans.

Other income decreased to CHF 90 million from CHF 350 million reflecting the abovementioned gain of CHF 289 million from the sale of our strategic investment portfolio in 2011, partly offset by higher income in 2012 related to our SIX participation.

Credit loss expenses were CHF 27 million in 2012 compared with CHF 101 million in 2011, mainly reflecting a CHF 82 million increase in 2011 and a CHF 16 million decrease in 2012 in collective loan loss allowances.

è

Refer to “Note 1a) 11) Allowance and provision for credit losses” in the “Financial information” section of this report section for more information on collective loan loss allowances

Operating expenses

Total operating expenses were CHF 1,901 million compared with CHF 2,201 million, mainly reflecting the CHF 287 million credit related to changes to our Swiss pension plan in 2012. Excluding this credit and restructuring charges, adjusted operating expenses increased by CHF 16 million to CHF 2,185 million.

Personnel expenses decreased to CHF 1,287 million from CHF 1,702 million. Excluding the abovementioned credit and restructuring charges, adjusted personnel expenses were CHF 1,571 million, down CHF 102 million from CHF 1,673 million in 2011 due to the centralization of operations units at the beginning of the third quarter of 2012, which decreased personnel expenses by CHF 176 million. As Retail & Corporate previously provided significant operations support to other business divisions, this centralization and subsequent reallocation of operations units had the effect of reducing personnel costs and non-personnel costs and decreasing net charges to other business divisions. This was partially offset by higher personnel expenses resulting from other business transfers.

è

Refer to the “Significant accounting and financial reporting structure changes” section of this report for more information on changes related to the centralization of operations units

General and administrative expenses were CHF 857 million compared with CHF 834 million in 2011, reflecting higher net charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters as well as increased marketing expenses related to our 150th anniversary in 2012. The abovementioned centralization of operations units led to a decrease in costs, which was partially offset by the effects of other business transfers.

Net charges to other business divisions were CHF 370 million, down from CHF 470 million in the previous year, primarily as a result of the impact from the abovementioned centralization of operations units in 2012, which reduced net charges out for services provided to other business divisions. This was partially offset by the effects of other business transfers.

Depreciation was CHF 128 million compared with CHF 136 million, reflecting a change in the depreciation period of certain IT equipment.

Cost/income ratio

The cost/income ratio improved to 50.6% from 52.6%, reflecting lower expenses partly offset by lower income. On an ad-

Financial and operating performance

justed basis excluding the credit related to changes to our Swiss pension plan in 2012, the gain from the sale of our strategic investment portfolio as well as restructuring charges, the cost/income ratio was 58.2% compared with 55.7% and was within of our target range of 50% to 60%.

Net interest margin

The net interest margin decreased 11 basis points to 160 basis points, reflecting lower interest income as detailed above and a slightly higher average loan volume. The net interest margin remained within the target range of 140 to 180 basis points.

Net new business volume growth

The growth rate for net new business volume was 4.9% compared with 3.5% in the prior year. Both our retail and corporate businesses

recorded strong net inflows reflecting high net new client assets. Net new loan inflows were also slightly positive in line with our strategy to grow our business selectively in high-quality loans. Net new business volume growth exceeded the target range of 1% to 4%.

Personnel

Retail & Corporate employed 10,156 personnel on 31 December 2012 compared with 11,430 on 31 December 2011 mainly reflecting the abovementioned centralization and subsequent reallocation of operations units personnel. We continued to adapt our cost base to the challenging business environment. In addition, the personnel number includes the annual intake of more than 100 apprentices, which took place in the third quarter of 2012.

Financial and operating performance

Retail & Corporate

2011

Results

Pre-tax profit for 2011 was CHF 1,884 million compared with CHF 1,710 million and included a CHF 289 million gain on the sale of our strategic investment portfolio as well as CHF 32 million in restructuring charges associated with our cost reduction program compared with CHF 3 million in restructuring provision releases in 2010. When adjusted for these items, pre-tax profit was CHF 1,627 million, down from CHF 1,707 million in 2010, primarily as a result of lower interest income due to the ongoing low interest rate environment.

è

Refer to the “Certain items affecting our results in 2011” sidebar in our Annual Report 2011 for more information on our cost reduction program and the sale of our strategic investment portfolio

Operating income

Total operating income increased to CHF 4,085 million from CHF 3,870 million, and included the abovementioned gain on the sale of our strategic investment portfolio. When adjusted for this gain, operating income was CHF 3,796 million, down 2% from the previous year.

Net interest income decreased 4% from the prior period, primarily due to a significant decline in the deposit margin as a result of low market interest rates, which more than offset growth of deposit volumes. In addition, net interest income was negatively affected by an adjustment to the allocation of treasury-related income between Wealth Management and Retail & Corporate. Low market interest rates also impacted income from our replication portfolio, resulting in lower net interest income. These effects more than offset higher interest income derived from the strategic investment portfolio which was acquired in late 2010.

Net fee and commission income was CHF 1,175 million, virtually unchanged from CHF 1,178 million in 2010, as lower fees related to investment funds were mostly offset by higher credit related fees and increased transaction-based revenues.

Net trading income increased to CHF 333 million from CHF 249 million, mainly reflecting higher treasury-related income and higher foreign exchange income linked to client trading activities.

Other income was CHF 350 million compared with CHF 97 million in 2010 due to the abovementioned gain on the sale of our strategic investment portfolio.

Credit loss expenses were CHF 101 million in 2011 compared with CHF 76 million in 2010. This was mostly due to a CHF 82 million increase in collective loan loss allowances booked mainly in the third quarter of 2011.

è

Refer to the “Interest rate and currency management” section of our Annual Report 2011 for more information on our replication portfolio

Operating expenses

Total operating expenses were CHF 2,201 million compared with CHF 2,160 million, partially due to the abovementioned restructuring charges. Excluding the effects of restructuring, operating expenses increased by CHF 6 million to CHF 2,169 million. Personnel expenses increased to CHF 1,702 million from CHF 1,687 million. Excluding the effects of restructuring, personnel expenses were CHF 1,673 million, down 1% from 2010 as a 4% reduction in average personnel during 2011 and lower variable compensation accruals compared with 2010 more than offset salary increases.

General and administrative expenses were CHF 834 million compared with CHF 836 million in 2010.

Net charges to other business divisions were CHF 470 million, down 8% from CHF 509 million the previous year, mainly due to a refinement of internal cost allocations reflecting a review of service level agreements and allocations between Retail & Corporate, Wealth Management and other parts of the organization.

Depreciation was CHF 136 million compared with CHF 146 million.

Cost/income ratio

The cost/income ratio improved to 52.6% from 54.7%, reflecting the gain of CHF 289 million from the sale of our strategic investment portfolio partly offset by slightly higher expenses. On an adjusted basis excluding this gain as well as the effects of restructuring, the cost/income ratio was 55.7% compared with 54.8%.

Net interest margin

The net interest margin decreased from 179 basis points to 171 basis points, reflecting the abovementioned lower interest income and a slightly higher average loan volume.

Net new business volume growth

The growth rate for net new business volume was 3.5% compared with 3.9% in the previous year. Our retail and corporate businesses both recorded strong net inflows, resulting from high net new client assets and, to a lesser extent, net new loan inflows reflecting our strategy to grow our business selectively in high-quality loans.

Personnel

Retail & Corporate employed 11,430 personnel on 31 December 2011 compared with 12,089 on 31 December 2010 reflecting a lower allocation of Corporate Center shared services personnel, and a shift of approximately 100 personnel to Wealth Management in connection with the Investment Products & Services unit in first quarter of 2011. In addition, the personnel number includes the annual intake of more than 100 apprentices, which took place in the third quarter of 2011.

Financial and operating performance

Corporate Center

Corporate Center – Total1

 

  As of or for the year ended  % change from 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11 
Income   409    (569  1,746   
                  
Credit loss (expense) / recovery2   (112  24    (155 
                  
Total operating income excluding own credit   297    (545  1,591   
                  
Own credit3   (2,202  1,537    (548 
                  
Total operating income   (1,905  992    1,043   
                  
Personnel expenses   308    132    197    133  
                  
General and administrative expenses   2,419    286    376    746  
                  
Services to / from other business divisions   21    55    99    (62
                  
Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment   7    74    94    (91
                  
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets   0    0    0   
                  
Total operating expenses4   2,756    547    766    404  
                  
Performance before tax   (4,661  446    277   
                  

Performance before tax excluding own credit

   (2,458  (1,091  825    125  
                  
Additional information5     
                  
Total assets (CHF billion)6   260.1    204.2    206.3    27  
                  
BIS risk-weighted assets (CHF billion)7   29.7    41.3    38.2    (28
                  
Personnel before allocations (full-time equivalents)   25,255    26,269    26,565    (4
                  
Allocations to business divisions (full-time equivalents)   (24,733  (25,746  (25,999  (4
                  
Personnel after allocations (full-time equivalents)   522    523    566    0  
                  

1   Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on the adoption of IAS 19R and changes to reporting segments.  2  Includes credit loss (expense)/recovery mainly due to reclassified and acquired securities.  3  Represents own credit changes on financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss. The cumulative own credit loss for such debt held on 31 December 2012 amounts to CHF 0.3 billion. This loss has increased the fair value of financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss recognized on our balance sheet. Refer to “Note 13 Financial assets designated at fair value” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  4  Refer to “Note 37 Changes in organization” in the “Financial information” section of this report for information on restructuring charges.  5  Comparative figures in this table may differ from those originally published in quarterly and annual reports (for example due to adjustments following organizational changes).  6  Based on third-party view, i.e. without intercompany balances. Refer to “Note 2a Segment reporting” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  7  Capital management data as of 31 December 2012 and 31 December 2011 are disclosed in accordance with the Basel 2.5 framework. Comparative data under the new framework is not available for 31 December 2010. The comparative information under the Basel II framework is therefore provided. Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information.

Financial and operating performance

Corporate Center

Corporate Center – Core Functions

Corporate Center reporting – Core Functions1

 

  As of or for the year ended  % change from 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11 
Income   29    47    390    (38
                  
Credit loss (expense)/recovery   0    (1  0    (100
                  
Total operating income excluding own credit   29    46    390    (37
                  
Own credit2   (2,202  1,537    (548 
                  
Total operating income as reported   (2,173  1,583    (158 
                  
Personnel expenses   240    64    78    275  
                  
General and administrative expenses   1,648    137    167   
                  
Services (to) / from other business divisions   2    (1  8   
                  
Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment   6    70    89    (91
                  
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets   0    0    0   
                  
Total operating expenses3   1,895    271    342    599  
                  
Performance before tax   (4,068  1,312    (500 
                  

Performance before tax excluding own credit

   (1,866  (225  48    729  
                  
Additional information4     
                  
Total assets (CHF billion)5   222.5    148.1    134.6    50  
                  
BIS risk-weighted assets (CHF billion)6   8.5    21.0    11.6    (60
                  
Personnel before allocations (full-time equivalents)   25,203    26,217    26,565    (4
                  
Allocations to business divisions (full-time equivalents)   (24,964  (25,995  (26,371  (4
                  
Personnel after allocations (full-time equivalents)   238    222    194    7  
                  
Corporate Center expenses before service allocation to business divisions4     
                  
Personnel expenses   4,079    4,611    4,835    (12
                  
General and administrative expenses   5,272    3,599    3,805    46  
                  
Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment   647    731    813    (11
                  
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets   2    0    0   
                  
Total operating expenses before service allocation to business divisions   10,000    8,941    9,453    12  
                  
Net allocations to business divisions   (8,105  (8,670  (9,111  (7
                  
Total operating expenses3   1,895    271    342    599  
                  

1  Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on the adoption of IAS 19R and changes to reporting segments.  2  Represents own credit changes on financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss. The cumulative own credit loss for such debt held on 31 December 2012 amounts to CHF 0.3 billion. This loss has increased the fair value of financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss recognized on our balance sheet. Refer to “Note 13 Financial assets designated at fair value” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  3  Refer to “Note 37 Changes in organization” in the “Financial information” section of this report for information on restructuring charges.  4   Comparative figures in this table may differ from those originally published in quarterly and annual reports (for example due to adjustments following organizational changes).  5  Based on third-party view, i.e. without intercompany balances. Refer to “Note 2a Segment reporting” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  6  Capital management data as of 31 December 2012 and 31 December 2011 are disclosed in accordance with the Basel 2.5 framework. Comparative data under the new framework is not available for 31 December 2010. The comparative information under the Basel II framework is therefore provided. Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information.

Financial and operating performance

Business performance

2012

Results

The pre-tax result was a loss of CHF 4,068 million in 2012 compared with a gain of CHF 1,312 million in 2011. 2012 included charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters of CHF 1,470 million, mainly arising from fines and disgorgement resulting from regulatory investigations concerning LIBOR and other benchmark rates, and an own credit loss of CHF 2,202 million compared with a gain of CHF 1,537 million in 2011. Treasury income remaining in Corporate Center – Core Functions after allocations to the business divisions was CHF 204 million compared with CHF 38 million in 2011.

Operating income

Total operating income was negative CHF 2,173 million in 2012 compared with positive CHF 1,583 million in 2011. On an adjusted basis excluding own credit, operating income was CHF 29 million in 2012 compared with CHF 46 million in the prior year.

Total operating income excluding own credit decreased by CHF 17 million, largely due to higher charges related to our multi-currency portfolio of unencumbered high-quality, short-term assets managed centrally by Group Treasury. Treasury income remaining in Corporate Center – Core Functions after allocations to the business divisions was CHF 204 million compared with CHF 38 million in the prior year. This increase was mainly due to a gain of CHF 134 million related to hedge ineffectiveness arising from the basis risk inherent within our macro cash flow hedge accounting model.

Furthermore, 2012 operating income included a gain of CHF 112 million related to the sale of properties in Switzerland compared with a gain of CHF 78 million from the sale of a property in Switzerland in 2011.

Own credit

An own credit loss on financial liabilities designated at fair value of CHF 2,202 million was recorded in 2012, primarily due to a tightening of our credit spreads. An own credit gain of CHF 1,537 million was recorded in 2011.

è

Refer to “Note 27 Fair value of financial instruments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on own credit

Operating expenses

On a gross basis before service allocations to the business divisions, total operating expenses were CHF 10,000 million, up from CHF 8,941 million in the prior year, mainly due to charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters of CHF 1,470 million, higher

marketing costs and unfavorable currency effects. These increases were partly offset by the effect of changes to our Swiss pension plan, the effect related to the capitalization of internally generated software, reduced personnel expenses associated with our cost reduction program and lower restructuring charges in 2012.

Personnel expenses decreased by CHF 532 million to CHF 4,079 million, mainly due to changes to our Swiss pension plan, the effect related to the capitalization of internally generated software in 2012, reduced personnel expenses associated with our cost reduction program, a one-time net credit from changes to the rules for the Swiss long-service and sabbatical awards announced in the third quarter of 2012 as well as lower restructuring charges and variable compensation accruals in 2012.

General and administrative expenses increased by CHF 1,673 million to CHF 5,272 million, mainly due to charges of CHF 1,470 million for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters arising from fines and disgorgement resulting from regulatory investigations concerning LIBOR and other benchmark rates, higher marketing costs and increased business demand for IT infrastructure services, partly offset by the effect of the capitalization of internally generated software in 2012.

è

Refer to the “Certain items affecting our results in 2012” sidebar for more information on LIBOR-related settlements

Depreciation expenses decreased by CHF 84 million to CHF 647 million, mainly due to restructuring charges and amortization of software costs in 2011.

The business divisions were charged CHF 8,105 million for shared services costs, a decrease of CHF 565 million from the previous year, primarily reflecting the aforementioned decreases.

Total operating expenses remaining after allocations to the business divisions increased to CHF 1,891 million from CHF 271 million in the prior year. This mainly reflects the charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters of CHF 1,470 million as well as higher marketing costs in relation to our 150th anniversary including expenses related to the education initiative we launched to mark the occasion in 2012.

Personnel

At the end of 2012, Corporate Center – Core Functions employed 25,203 personnel, with 24,964 allocated to the business divisions and the Legacy Portfolio unit, based on services consumed. The decrease of 1,014 personnel from the prior year mainly reflected staff reductions related to our cost reduction program and the accelerated implementation of our strategy announced in October 2012. The 238 personnel remaining in Corporate Center – Core Functions after allocations were related to Group governance functions and other corporate activities.

Financial and operating performance

Corporate Center

2011

Results

The pre-tax result was a gain of CHF 1,312 million in 2011 compared with a loss of CHF 500 million in 2010. The year 2011 included an own credit gain of CHF 1,537 million compared with a loss of CHF 548 million in 2010. Treasury income remaining in Corporate Center – Core Functions, after allocations to the business divisions, was CHF 38 million compared with CHF 152 million in 2010.

Operating income

Total operating income was positive CHF 1,583 million in 2011 compared with negative CHF 158 million in 2010. On an adjusted basis excluding own credit, operating income was CHF 46 million in 2012 compared with CHF 390 million in the prior year.

Treasury income remaining in Corporate Center – Core Functions, after allocations to the business divisions, was CHF 38 million compared with CHF 152 million in 2010.

Furthermore, 2011 operating income included a gain of CHF 78 million from the sale of a property in Switzerland, while 2010 included a CHF 180 million gain from the sale of investments in associates owning office space in New York as well as a gain of CHF 158 million from a sale of property in Switzerland.

Own credit

An own credit gain on financial liabilities designated at fair value of CHF 1,537 million was recorded in 2011, primarily due to a widening of our credit spreads. An own credit loss of CHF 548 million was recorded in 2010.

Operating expenses

On a gross basis before service allocations to the business divisions, total operating expenses were CHF 8,941 million, down from CHF 9,453 million in 2010, mainly due to favorable currency effects resulting from the depreciation of the US dollar and British pound against the Swiss franc, as well as the effects of efficiency initiatives and other cost reductions resulting from the execution of the UBS real estate consolidation strategy and lower IT costs. This was partially offset by restructuring charges as well as an increase in expenses due to focused investments in technology, capacity expansion needed for control

functions to be able to satisfy increased regulatory requirements, and the continuing consolidation of services in the Corporate Center.

Personnel expenses decreased by CHF 224 million to CHF 4,611 million, primarily due to favorable currency effects, partially offset by personnel-related restructuring expenses associated with our cost reduction program in the second half of 2011, capacity increases for regulatory requirements and personnel transfers from other business divisions.

General and administrative expenses decreased by CHF 206 million to CHF 3,599 million, mainly due to favorable currency effects, partly offset by restructuring charges due to the consolidation of our real estate portfolio as part of our cost reduction program. Furthermore, the effects of efficiency initiatives and other cost reductions were offset by the abovementioned increased business demand affecting Group Technology and the consolidation of services in the Corporate Center.

Depreciation expenses decreased by CHF 82 million to CHF 731 million, primarily due to favorable currency effects and the reversal of an impairment loss. These decreases were partly offset by restructuring charges, mainly related to the abovementioned real estate consolidation in 2011.

The business divisions were charged CHF 8,670 million for shared services costs, a decrease of CHF 441 million from 2010, primarily reflecting the aforementioned changes.

Total operating expenses remaining after allocations to the business divisions were CHF 271 million compared with CHF 342 million in 2010. This decrease was due to a value added tax provision release of CHF 22 million and a variable compensation accrual release of CHF 19 million in 2011. Furthermore, 2011 included lower charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters.

Personnel

At the end of 2011, Corporate Center – Core Functions employed 26,217 personnel, with 25,995 allocated to the business divisions and the Legacy Portfolio unit, based on services consumed. The decrease of 348 personnel from 2010 related mainly to the abovementioned cost reduction program in the second half of 2011, partly offset by higher personnel required to meet additional regulatory requirements, and further consolidation of services in the Corporate Center. The 222 personnel remaining in Corporate Center – Core Functions after allocations were related to Group governance functions and other corporate activities.

Financial and operating performance

Legacy Portfolio

Corporate Center reporting – Legacy Portfolio1

 

  As of or for the year ended  % change from 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11 
SNB StabFund option   539    (126  745   
                  
Legacy Portfolio excluding SNB StabFund option   (158  (489  611    (68
                  
Total income   381    (616  1,356   
                  
Credit loss (expense) / recovery2   (112  25    (155 
                  
Total operating income   268    (591  1,201   
                  
Personnel expenses   68    68    119    0  
                  
General and administrative expenses   771    148    209    421  
                  
Services (to) / from other business divisions   19    56    91    (66
                  
Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment   2    3    5    (33
                  
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets   0    0    0   
                  
Total operating expenses   861    276    424    212  
                  
Performance before tax   (592  (866  777    (32
                  
Additional information     
                  
Total assets (CHF billion)3   37.6    56.1    71.8    (33
                  
BIS risk-weighted assets (CHF billion)4   21.2    20.3    26.6    4  
                  
Personnel before allocations (full-time equivalents)   52    52     0  
                  
Allocations from business divisions (full-time equivalents)   231    249    372    (7
                  
Personnel after allocations (full-time equivalents)   283    301    372    (6
                  

1  Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on the adoption of IAS 19R and changes to reporting segments.  2  Includes credit loss (expense) / recovery mainly due to reclassified and acquired securities.  3  Based on third-party view, i.e. without intercompany balances. Refer to “Note 2a Segment reporting” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  4  Capital management data as of 31 December 2012 and 31 December 2011 are disclosed in accordance with the Basel 2.5 framework. Comparative data under the new framework is not available for 31 December 2010. The comparative information under the Basel II framework is therefore provided. Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information.

Financial and operating performance

Corporate Center

Business performance

2012

Results

The pre-tax result was a loss of CHF 592 million in 2012 compared with a loss of CHF 866 million in the previous year. This was primarily due to a gain from the revaluation of our option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity, partly offset by a credit loss expense and higher charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters in 2012.

Operating income

Total operating income was CHF 268 million in 2012 compared with negative CHF 591 million in 2011. The revaluation of our option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity resulted in a gain of CHF 526 million in 2012, primarily due to higher market valuation of the fund’s assets, compared with a loss of CHF 133 million in 2011.

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Refer to the discussion of “Non-trading portfolios – valuation and sensitivity information by instrument category” in the “Risk management and control” section of this report for more information on changes in the value of our option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity

Excluding the SNB StabFund option, total operating income from the Legacy Portfolio was negative CHF 271 million compared with negative CHF 465 million in 2011. The year 2012 included losses in collateralized debt obligations (CDO) and related swap hedging of CHF 174 million as we exited certain CDO positions to reduce Basel III risk­weighted assets (RWA) compared with losses in the previous year of CHF 416 million predominantly resulting from the net impact of credit valuation adjustments (CVA) on monolines, including adjustments taken for commutations, and mark-to-market losses for securities. In addition, 2012 recorded improved performance in reference linked notes of CHF 147 million and real estate assets of CHF 35 million compared with

2011. These increases were partly offset by higher losses on municipal swaps and options of CHF 101 million. 2012 included a credit loss expense of CHF 112 million mainly reflecting an impairment charge related to certain student loan auction rate securities, subsequently sold to reduce Basel III RWA, compared with a credit loss recovery of CHF 25 million in 2011.

Operating expenses

Total operating expenses increased to CHF 861 million from CHF 276 million in the prior year, entirely due to higher charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters in 2012.

BIS risk-weighted assets

RWA measured on a Basel 2.5 basis increased by CHF 1 billion to CHF 21 billion at the end of 2012, mainly resulting from rating downgrades on certain portfolio positions, almost offset by sales of certain student loan auction rate securities. Our pro-forma Basel III RWA decreased to CHF 38 billion as of 31 December 2012 from CHF 62 billion as of 31 December 2011, largely related to a CHF 15 billion reduction due to the sale or liquidation of certain CDO positions, a reduction of CHF 6 billion related to the sale of student loan auction rate securities as well as exposure reductions combined with model changes. This was partly offset by a transfer from the Investment Bank to the Legacy Portfolio of CHF 11 billion of RWA for the Basel III CVA charge attributable to the Legacy Portfolio.

Personnel

At the end of 2012, a total of 283 personnel were employed within the SNB StabFund investment management team and the management team for the remainder of the Legacy Portfolio, compared with 301 a year earlier.

Financial and operating performance

2011

Results

The pre-tax result was a loss of CHF 866 million in 2011 compared with a gain of CHF 777 million in 2010. This was primarily due to a loss from the revaluation of our option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity as well as a significant difference in the net impact of CVA in the remainder of the Legacy Portfolio.

Operating income

Total operating income was negative CHF 591 million in 2011 compared with positive CHF 1,201 million in 2010. The revaluation of our option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity resulted in a loss of CHF 133 million in 2011 compared with a gain of CHF 745 million in 2010.

Excluding the SNB StabFund option, total operating income from the Legacy Portfolio was negative CHF 465 million compared with positive CHF 456 million in 2010. In 2011 we recorded a loss of CHF 284 million related to CVA for monoline credit protection compared with a gain of

CHF 667 million in 2010. 2011 saw further losses in CDO. This movement was partly offset by a positive variance in credit loss expense as 2011 included a credit loss recovery of CHF 25 million compared with a credit loss expense of CHF 155 million in 2010, mainly due to reclassified and acquired securities primarily related to impairments on our student loan auction rate securities inventory.

Operating expenses

Total operating expenses decreased to CHF 276 million from CHF 424 million in 2010, predominantly due to lower personnel costs following reduced staff levels, lower charges for services received and decreased charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters.

Personnel

At the end of the year 2011, a total of 301 personnel were employed within the SNB StabFund investment management team and the management team for the remainder of the Legacy Portfolio compared with 372 a year earlier. The decrease of 71 personnel was mainly associated with the reduction of assets in the unit.


Risk, treasury

and capital

management

Audited information according to IFRS 7 and IAS 1

Risk disclosures provided in line with the requirements of theInternational Financial Reporting Standard 7 (IFRS 7) Financial Instruments: Disclosures, and disclosures on capital required by theInternational Accounting Standard 1 (IAS 1) Financial Statements:Presentation form part of the financial statements audited by our independent registered public accounting firm Ernst & Young Ltd., Basel. This information (the audited texts, tables and graphs) is marked by a bar on the left-hand side within this section of the report and is incorporated by cross-reference into the financial statements of this report.


Risk, treasury and capital management

Risk management and control

Risk management and control

In line with the strategy of the firm, the structure of our risk profile has continued to shift during 2012. Having achieved a significant decrease in the level of market risk in the past few years, looking forward we see our risk focus being primarily on credit risk, operational risk and treasury-related risks.

Credit risk comprises the vast majority of Basel III risk-weighted assets. Our lending exposure arises mainly from our Swiss domestic business, which offers corporate loans and mortgage loans secured against residential properties and income-producing real estate, and is therefore tied to the health of the Swiss economy (refer to page 140). Within the Investment Bank, our credit exposure is predominantly investment grade, but includes loan underwriting characterized by concentrated exposure to lower-rated credits, albeit of a temporary nature (refer to page 141). Credit risk also arises from derivative activities, a significant portion of which has been determined to be non-core and therefore is being transferred to the Corporate Center and will be run down. Credit risks within the Legacy Portfolio have been significantly reduced and the remainder largely relates to derivatives and securitized positions that we will continue to reduce.

Operational risk, including the risk from pending or potential litigation (refer to “Note 23 Provisions and contingent liabilities” and “Risk factors” sections), remains a key focus, particularly the delivery of remediation of identified operational risk issues (refer to page 162).

Treasury-related risks are associated with potential imbalances in our asset and liability structure, including liquidity and funding risks arising from stressed market conditions or from firm-specific factors.

Summary of key developments in 2012

The key developments that took place in 2012 with regard to risk management and control include the following:

The overall level of market risk decreased significantly and value-at-risk halved to CHF 18 million at year-end. This was in line with the implementation of our strategy to make the Investment Bank more focused, less complex and less capital-intensive. The remaining market risks predominantly arose from the Investment Bank Core activities, which may increase over time, and non-core trading positions, which we will continue to reduce.

Our credit portfolios saw net credit loss expenses totaling CHF 118 million, mainly related to sales of student loan auction rate securities as part of the run-down of the Legacy Portfolio. Our impaired loan portfolio decreased by CHF 0.6 billion to CHF 1.6 billion, mainly as a result of these sales. Although we envisage growth within our core lending businesses, credit risks arising from non-core positions will roll off or be reduced over

time and the preparations to transfer these risks to the Corporate Center were initiated.

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The implementation of the enhanced Operational Risk Framework remained a primary focus. Reporting of significant risk issues and the operational effectiveness of controls was strengthened and substantial progress was made across our risk remediation programs.

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Further progress was made in reducing our legacy positions. This mainly resulted from commutations of monoline insurance and sales of student loan auction rate securities. Net exposure to monoline insurers after credit valuation adjustments reduced from USD 1.2 billion to USD 0.6 billion. The remaining exposure is hedged via single-name credit default swaps. Our student loan auction rate securities portfolio reduced from USD 5.7 billion to USD 4.1 billion.

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We maintained our strong liquidity and funding positions, ending 2012 with a Basel III estimated pro-forma liquidity coverage ratio and an estimated pro-forma net stable funding ratio comfortably above the regulatory requirements of 100%.

èRefer to the “Credit risk”, “Market risk”, “Operational risk” and “Liquidity and funding management” sections of this report for more information

Risk management and control principles

LOGO

Five pillars support our efforts to achieve an appropriate balance between risk and return:

1. Protecting the financial strength of UBS by controlling our risk exposures and avoiding potential risk concentrations at individual exposure levels, at specific portfolio levels and at an aggregate firm-wide level across all risk types.

2. Protecting our reputation through a sound risk culture characterized by a holistic and integrated view of risk, performance and reward, and through full compliance with our standards and principles, particularly our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics.

3. Ensuring management accountability, whereby business management, as opposed to Risk Control, owns all risks assumed throughout the firm and is responsible for the continuous and active management of all risk exposures to ensure that risk and return are balanced.

4. Independent control functions which monitor the effectiveness of the business’s risk management and oversee risk-taking activities.

Risk, treasury and capital management

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5.

Disclosure of risks to senior management, the Board of Directors (BoD), shareholders, regulators, rating agencies and other stakeholders with an appropriate level of comprehensiveness and transparency.

Our risk management and control principles are implemented through a risk management and control framework. This framework comprises qualitative elements such as policies, procedures and authorities, and quantitative components including risk measurement methodologies and risk limits.

The framework is dynamic and continuously adapted to our evolving businesses and the market environment. It includes clearly defined processes to deal with new business initiatives as well as large and complex transactions.

Risk management and control responsibilities

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The key roles and responsibilities for risk management and control are as follows:

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The BoD is responsible for determining the firm’s risk principles, risk appetite and major portfolio limits, including their allocation to the business divisions. The risk assessment and oversight of management performed by the BoD considers evolving best practices and is intended to conform to statutory requirements, as is the related disclosure in this section. The BoD is supported by the BoD Risk Committee, which monitors and oversees the firm’s risk profile and the implementation of the risk framework as approved by the BoD. The BoD Risk Committee also assesses and approves the firm’s key risk measurement methodologies.

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The Group Executive Board (GEB) implements the risk framework, controls the firm’s risk profile and approves all major risk policies.

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The Group Chief Executive Officer (Group CEO) is responsible for the results of the firm, has risk authority over transactions, positions and exposures, and also allocates portfolio limits approved by the BoD within the business divisions.

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The divisional Chief Executive Officers, as well as the head of our Non-core and Legacy Portfolio, are accountable for the results of their business divisions. This includes actively managing their risk exposures, and ensuring that risks and returns are balanced.

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The Group Chief Risk Officer reports directly to the Group CEO and has functional and management authority over Risk Control throughout the firm. Risk Control provides independent oversight of risk and is responsible for implementing the risk control processes for credit, country, market, investment, treasury and operational risk. This includes establishing methodologies to measure and assess risk, setting risk limits, and developing and operating an appropriate risk control infrastructure. The risk control process is supported by a framework of policies and authorities, which are delegated to Risk Control Officers according to their expertise, experience and responsibilities.

LOGO

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The Group Chief Financial Officer (Group CFO) is responsible for ensuring that disclosure of our financial performance is clear and transparent and meets regulatory requirements and corporate governance standards. The Group CFO is also responsible for the management and control of UBS’s tax affairs and for treasury and capital management, including management and control of funding and liquidity risk and UBS’s regulatory capital ratios. Responsibility for implementation of the control framework for tax resides with the Group CFO whereas responsibility for implementation of the control framework for treasury activities is with Risk Control.

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The Group General Counsel is responsible for implementing the firm’s risk management and control principles for legal and compliance matters.

Risk categories

The risks faced by our businesses can be broken down into three different categories: primary risks, operational risks and business risks. All three categories may impact the firm’s reputation.

Primary and operational risks result from our business activities and are subject to independent risk control, whereas business risks are managed by divisional and firm-wide management. Primary risks are credit risk, market risk and treasury risk, as well as country risk and issuer risk. Operational risks include legal, compliance and tax risk and other risk categories. Business risks may arise from the commercial, strategic and economic risks inherent in our business activities.

Primary and operational risks are defined as follows:

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Credit risk – the risk of loss resulting from the failure of a client or counterparty to meet its contractual obligations.

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Issuer risk – the potential total loss that would occur on a tradable name (position or group of tradable positions) if an issuer or issuer group to which UBS is exposed were subject to a credit event. The potential loss arises not only from the value of securities issued by the name but also from any other obligations in tradable form which are referenced to the name (including derivatives and basket securities).

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Market risk – the risk of loss resulting from changes in market variables, whether to our trading positions or financial investments.

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Treasury risk – the risk that the firm fails to manage its funding, balance sheet, capital and liquidity resources as well as the market and issuer risk arising from treasury activities.

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Country risk – the risk of loss resulting from country-specific events. It includes transfer risk, whereby a country’s authorities prevent or restrict the payment of an obligation, as well as systemic risk events arising from country-specific political or macroeconomic developments.

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Operational risk – the risk resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, people and systems, or from external causes. Events may cause direct financial losses or indirect consequences in the form of revenue forgone as a result of business suspension.

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Risk management and control

They may also result in damage to our reputation and to our franchise, which have longer-term financial consequences.

Risk measurement

LOGO

A variety of methodologies and measurements are applied to quantify the risks of our portfolios and our risk concentrations. Risks that are not fully reflected within standard measures are subject to additional controls, which may include pre-approval of transactions and specific restrictions. Models to quantify risk are generally developed by dedicated units within control functions. Valuations and risk models that could impact the firm’s books and records are independently verified, and subjected to ongoing monitoring and control by the Group Chief Risk Officer and Group Chief Financial Officer organizations.

The base measures are position level market risk sensitivities and credit risk exposures which, in aggregate, provide an overview of our risk across positions. These measures are supplemented with portfolio level statistical and stress loss measures, which are two complementary types of risk measures we use to assess potential future losses at an aggregate level.

Statistical loss

Statistical loss measures include value-at-risk (VaR), expected loss and earnings-at-risk (EaR). VaR estimates the losses arising from market risk, which could potentially be realized over a set time period at an established level of confidence. Expected loss measures the average annual costs that are expected to arise from our credit portfolios and operational risks. EaR measures the potential shortfall in our earnings that could be realized over a set time period at an established level of confidence, and is comprised of core statistical measures complemented by management assessment.

è  Refer to the “Credit risk”, “Market risk” and “Operational risk” sections of this report for a description of our key statistical loss measures

Stress loss

Stress loss is the loss that could result from extreme events under specified scenarios. We perform stress testing to complement our statistical loss measures and to give us a better understanding of our risk capacity and appetite. Stress testing quantifies our exposures to plausible yet extreme and unusual market movements and enables us to identify, understand and manage our potential vulnerabilities and risk concentrations. Our stress testing framework incorporates a comprehensive range of portfolio-specific stress tests as well as combined firm-wide stress tests.

    Portfolio-specific stress tests are measures that focus on the risks of specific portfolios within the business divisions. Our portfolio stress loss measures are informed by past events but also include forward-looking elements. The stress scenarios for trading risks capture the liquidity characteristics of different markets and positions. For example, our stress frameworks include a scenario which reflects the extreme market conditions that were experienced at the height of the financial crisis in the fourth quarter of 2008.

Our combined stress test (CST) framework captures firm-wide exposures to a number of global systemic events, including a eurozone crisis and a severe global recession triggered by severe market events similar to those observed in 2008. These stress tests are based on forward-looking market events and macroeconomic scenarios calibrated to different levels of severity. The evolution of market indicators and economic variables under these scenarios is defined and applied to our entire risk portfolio. The impact of primary risks, operational risks, other consequential risks (e.g. structural foreign exchange risk) and business risks is assessed with the aim of calculating the loss and capital implications should these stress scenarios occur.

Stress test results are included in risk reporting and are important inputs for the risk control, risk appetite and business planning processes of the firm. Our firm-wide stress testing, which captures all major identified risks across our business divisions, is one of the key inputs for discussions between senior management, the BoD and regulators with regard to our risk profile. We continue to provide detailed stress analyses to FINMA in accordance with their requirements.

The stress scenarios are reviewed, updated and expanded regularly in the context of the macroeconomic and geopolitical environment by a committee of representatives from the business divisions, Risk Control and economic research. Our stress testing therefore attempts to provide a control framework that is forward-looking and responsive to changing market conditions. However, the market moves experienced in real stress events may differ from moves envisaged in our scenario specifications.

Most major financial firms employ stress tests, but their approaches vary significantly, and there are no industry standards defining stress scenarios or the way they should be applied to a firm’s positions. Consequently, comparisons of stress results between firms can be misleading and, therefore, like most of our peers, we do not publish quantitative stress test results.

è  Refer to the “Credit risk” and “Market risk” sections of this report for a description of our key stress loss measures

Group risk appetite framework

Our risk appetite framework establishes risk appetite objectives that we seek to maintain, even after experiencing severe losses over a defined time horizon. The risk appetite objectives are approved by the BoD.

    In order to monitor our risk profile against our risk appetite, we use two complementary firm-wide risk measurement frameworks: one statistical, comprising the metrics earnings-at-risk (EaR) and capital-at-risk (CaR), and the other a scenario-based combined stress test (CST). Both frameworks seek to capture risks across all of our business divisions and from all major risk categories, including primary risks, operational risks, other consequential risks (e.g. structural foreign exchange risk) and business risks. The firm-wide risk metrics have a central place in our risk control, capital management and business planning processes, and can be summarized as follows:

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Risk, treasury and capital management

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EaR is measured as the potential shortfall in earnings at a 95% confidence level and is evaluated over both three-month and one-year periods.

–  

CaR extends EaR to consider the impact on BIS tier 1 capital of a more severe earnings shortfall and is measured at confidence levels from 95% to 99.9%.

–  

CST evaluates the potential impact of specific stress scenarios across our risk portfolios, as described in the “Stress loss” section above, from which the impact on our earnings and capital is assessed.

For each risk appetite objective, aggregate risk exposure as measured by our firm-wide risk metrics is compared to risk capacity, which is based on our capital and forecasted earnings. Overall risk appetite is expressed through a defined risk capacity for each objective, which thus sets an upper limit on aggregate risk exposure. The comparison of risk exposure to risk capacity is a key consideration in management decisions on potential adjustments to the risk profile of our firm. The risk appetite objectives are evaluated each year in the context of the prospective business plans. The risk limit framework reflects the risk appetite as expressed through the approved risk appetite objectives, but also takes prevailing operating conditions into account.

As of 1 January 2013 the risk appetite objectives consider the impact of our specified stress events on Basel III CET1 capital. Specifically, we have set as an objective that the Basel III CET1 phase-in capital ratio remains at 10% or above if a severe stress event were to occur, for which we consider both the prevailing CST stress scenarios and the statistical CaR metric at a 95% confidence level. In both cases, we apply a one-year time horizon during which we model how the risks, earnings and costs of the firm will evolve. All elements that impact income, regulatory capital (including planned dividends and other capital distributions) and RWA are included in the assessment. In addition, we have set as an objective that available Basel III CET1 capital plus outstanding loss-absorbing notes are sufficient to absorb losses from an extreme 99.9% worst-case CaR stress event. The strategic plan approved by the BoD on 29 October 2012 is consistent with the achievement of these objectives. It is our intention to use fully applied Basel III CET1 as the capital measure for the purpose of the risk appetite framework by 2015.

è  Refer to the “Capital” section of this report for more information

Risk concentrations

LOGO

A risk concentration exists where (i) a position in financial instruments is affected by changes in a group of correlated factors, or a group of

LOGO

positions are affected by changes in the same risk factor or a group of correlated factors, and (ii) the exposure could, in the event of large but plausible adverse developments, result in significant losses.

The identification of risk concentrations requires judgment, as potential future developments cannot be predicted and may vary from period to period. In determining whether we have a risk concentration, we consider a number of elements, both individually and collectively. These elements include: the shared characteristics of the instruments and counterparties; the size of the position or group of positions; the sensitivity of the position or group of positions to changes in risk factors; and the volatility and correlations of those factors. Also important in our assessment is the liquidity of the markets where the instruments are traded, and the availability and effectiveness of hedges or other potential risk-mitigating factors. The value of a hedge instrument may not always move in line with the position being hedged, and this mismatch is referred to as basis risk.

Risk concentrations are subject to increased monitoring by Risk Control and assessed to determine whether they should be reduced or mitigated depending on the available means to do so. It is possible that material losses could occur on asset classes, positions and hedges, particularly if the correlations that emerge in a stressed environment differ markedly from those we anticipated. We are exposed to price risk, basis risk, credit spread risk and default risk as well as other idiosyncratic and correlation risks on both our equities and fixed income inventories. In addition, we have lending, counterparty and country risk exposures that could result in significant losses if economic conditions were to change.

èRefer to the “Credit risk”, “Market risk” and “Operational risk” sections of this report for more information on the risks to which we are exposed

Risk disclosures

Our measures of risk exposure may differ depending on the purpose for which exposures are calculated, for example, for financial accounting purposes under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), determination of our required regulatory capital or our internal management purposes. The exposures detailed in the “Credit risk” and “Market risk” sections are typically based on our internal management view of risk exposure.

èRefer to the “Basel 2.5 Pillar 3” section of this report for more information on the exposures we use in the determination of our required regulatory capital

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Risk, treasury and capital management

Risk management and control

Credit risk

LOGO

Credit risk is the risk of loss resulting from the failure of a client or counterparty to meet its contractual obligations. This includes settlement risk, an example of which would be a counterparty failing to deliver the counter-value of a foreign exchange transaction in which we have fulfilled our obligation. In addition, a credit loss can be triggered by economic or political difficulties in the country in which a counterparty or issuer of a security is based or has substantial assets (country risk).

Sources of credit risk

LOGO

Credit risk arises from traditional banking products such as loans, loan commitments and guarantees (for example, letters of credit). It also arises from traded products, including over-the-counter (OTC) derivative transactions and exchange-traded derivatives, as well as securities financing transactions such as repurchase agreements (repos and reverse repos), securities borrowing and lending transactions. The same general risk control processes are applied to these products, although the accounting treatment may vary, as products may be carried at amortized cost (loans and receivables), at fair value through profit and loss (instruments held for trading, instruments designated at fair value) or at fair value through other comprehensive income (available-for-sale instruments) depending on the product type and the nature of the exposure. Securities and other obligations in tradable form also pose credit risk, as their fair values are affected by changing expectations regarding the probability of issuers failing to meet these obligations or when issuers actually fail to meet these obligations. Where these securities and obligations are held in connection with a trading activity, we view the risk as an issuer risk. Debt securities not held in connection with a trading activity are reported as debt investments and discussed at the end of this section. Many of the business activities of Wealth Management, Wealth Management Americas, Retail & Corporate, the Investment Bank and the Corporate Center – Legacy Portfolio expose us to credit risk. Credit risk exposures also arise from our Global Asset Management business, albeit to a lesser extent.

Credit risk control

Limits and controls

LOGO

Limits are established for individual counterparties and their counterparty groups covering banking and traded products, as well as settlement amounts. These limits apply not only to the current outstanding amount, but also to contingent commitments and the potential future exposure of traded products. Credit engagements may not be entered into without the appropriate approvals and adherence to these limits.

LOGO

In the Investment Bank, a distinction is made between exposures intended to be held to maturity (take-and-hold exposures) and those which are intended to be held for a short term, pending distribution or risk transfer (temporary exposures).

Credit risk concentrations can arise if clients are engaged in similar activities, are located in the same geographical region or have comparable economic characteristics, for example if their ability to meet contractual obligations would be similarly affected by changes in economic, political or other conditions. To avoid credit risk concentrations, we establish limits and/or operational controls that constrain risk concentrations at portfolio and sub-portfolio levels with regard to sector exposures, country risk and specific product exposures.

Risk mitigation

LOGO

We actively manage the credit risk in our portfolios by taking collateral against exposures and utilizing credit hedging. In Wealth Management, Wealth Management Americas and Retail & Corporate, the majority of loans are extended on a secured basis. For real estate financing, a mortgage over the property is taken to secure the claim. Commercial loans may also be secured by mortgages on business premises or other real estate. We apply measures to evaluate collateral and determine maximum loan-to-value ratios, including an assessment of income cover.

Lombard loans are made against the pledge of eligible marketable securities, guarantees and other forms of collateral. The Investment Bank also takes collateral in the form of marketable securities and cash in its OTC derivatives and securities financing businesses. Discounts (haircuts) are generally applied to the market value of the collateral reflecting the quality, liquidity and volatility of the underlying collateral. Exposure and collateral values are continuously monitored, and margin calls or close-out procedures are enforced when the market value of collateral falls below a predefined trigger level. Concentrations within individual collateral portfolios and across clients are also monitored where relevant and may affect the haircut applied to a specific collateral pool.

    Our OTC derivatives trading is generally conducted under bilateral International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA) or ISDA-equivalent master netting agreements, which allow for the close-out and netting of all transactions in the event of default. For certain major market participant counterparties like hedge funds, we may also use two-way collateral agreements under which either party can be required to provide collateral in the form of cash or marketable securities when the exposure exceeds a predefined level. We have clearly defined processes for entering into netting and collateral agreements, including the requirement to have a legal opinion on the enforceability of contracts in relevant jurisdictions in the case of insolvency.

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LOGO

Primarily in the Investment Bank and for the Corporate Center – Legacy Portfolio, we actively manage the credit risk of our portfolios with the aim of reducing concentrations of risk from specific counterparties, sectors or portfolios. Hedging measures used include single-name credit default swaps (CDS), index CDS and total return swaps. Single-name CDS are generally executed under bilateral netting and collateral agreements with high-grade market counterparties. We observe strict standards for recognizing credit hedges. For example, when monitoring exposures against limits, we do not usually recognize credit risk mitigants such as proxy hedges (credit protection on a correlated but different name) or index CDS. Buying credit protection creates credit exposure against the hedge provider. We monitor our exposures to credit protection providers and the effectiveness of credit hedges as part of our overall credit exposures to the relevant counterparties. In addition, we identify and monitor positions where we believe there is significant exposure and correlation between the counterparty and the hedge provider (so-called wrong-way risk). Our policy is to discourage such activity, but in any event or as market correlations may change, not to recognize wrong-way-risk hedge benefits within counterparty limits and capital calculations.

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Refer to the “Basel 2.5 Pillar 3” section of this report for more information on credit derivatives

Credit risk measurement

LOGO

We have developed tools and models to measure credit risk. Exposures to individual counterparties are measured based on three generally accepted parameters: probability of default, exposure at default and loss given default. These parameters are the basis for the majority of our internal measures of credit risk, and are key inputs for the regulatory capital calculation under the advanced internal ratings-based approach of the Basel 2.5 framework governing international convergence of capital. We also use models to derive the portfolio credit risk measures of expected loss, statistical loss and stress loss.

Probability of default

The probability of default is an estimate of the likelihood of a counterparty defaulting on its contractual obligations. This probability is assessed using rating tools tailored to the various categories of counterparties. These categories are also calibrated to our internal credit rating scale (masterscale), which is designed to ensure a consistent assessment of default probabilities across counterparties. We regularly assess the performance of our rating tools and adjust our model parameters as necessary. In addition to using ratings for credit risk measurement, we use them as an important input for determining credit risk approval authorities.

    In the Investment Bank and for the Corporate Center – Legacy Portfolio, rating tools are applied to broad segments including banks, sovereigns, corporates, funds, hedge funds and commercial real estate. We determine our choice of the relevant assessment criteria, for example, financial ratios and qualitative factors, for the rating tools on the basis of various statistical analyses, externally available information and expert judgment.

Within Retail & Corporate, we rate our business and corporate clients in the small to medium enterprise segment using statistically developed scorecards. The underlying data used in our scorecards is predominantly based on a combination of clients’ financial information, qualitative criteria and credit loss history over several years. To rate our large corporate clients domiciled in Switzerland, Retail & Corporate uses templates established for this segment by our Investment Bank. We assess the probability of default from loans secured on owner-occupied or investment properties with a model that takes into account loan-to-value ratios and debt service capacity of the obligor. We rate Lombard loan exposures by means of a model simulating potential changes in the value of the collateral, and the probability that it may become lower than the loan amount.

Our masterscale expresses default probabilities that we determine through our various rating tools by means of distinct classes, whereby each class incorporates a range of default probabilities. Counterparties migrate between rating classes as our assessment of their probability of default changes.

During the third quarter of 2012 we recalibrated the internal ratings for counterparties in several of our portfolios, extending the sample of historical defaults to take into account observations further back in time than had been considered previously. The extension of the sample reduces the pro-cyclicality of the rating tools. This resulted in some internal ratings changing, a generally downward shift in the ratings of counterparties within our Swiss mortgage portfolio and a generally upward shift in the ratings of counterparties within the corporate portfolio.

The ratings of the major credit rating agencies, and their mapping to our internal rating masterscale, are shown in the “Internal UBS rating scale and mapping of external ratings” table. The

LOGO

Internal UBS rating scale and mapping of external ratings

Internal

UBS rating

DescriptionMoody’s Investors
Service mapping
Standard & Poor’s

mapping

0 and 1Investment gradeAaaAAA
2Aa1 to Aa3AA+ to AA–
3A1 to A3A+ to A–
4Baa1 to Baa2BBB+ to BBB
5Baa3BBB–
6Sub-investment gradeBa1BB+
7Ba2BB
8Ba3BB–
9B1B+
10B2B
11B3B–
12CaaCCC
13Ca to CCC to C
14DefaultedD

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Risk management and control

mapping is based on the long-term average of one-year default rates available from the rating agencies. For each external rating category, the average default rate is compared with our internal default probability bands to derive a mapping to our internal rating scale. Our internal rating of a counterparty may, therefore, diverge from one or both of the correlated external ratings shown in the table. Observed defaults by rating agencies may vary through economic cycles, and we do not necessarily expect the actual number of defaults in our equivalent rating band to equal the rating agencies’ average in any given period. We periodically assess the long-term average default rates of credit rating agencies’ grades, and we adjust their mapping to our masterscale as necessary to reflect any material changes.

Exposure at default

Exposure at default (EaD) represents the amount we expect to be owed by a counterparty at the time of a possible default. We derive EaD from our current exposure to the counterparty and the possible future development of that exposure.

The EaD of a loan is the drawn or face value of the loan. For loan commitments and guarantees, the EaD includes the amount drawn as well as potential future amounts that may be drawn, which are estimated based on historical observations.

For traded products, we derive the EaD by modeling the range of possible exposure outcomes at various points in time. For securities financing transactions, we assess the net amount that may be owed to us or that we may owe to others, taking into account the impact of market moves over the potential time it would take to close out all our positions. For exchange-traded derivatives, our calculation of EaD takes into account initial and daily variation margins. We derive the EaD for OTC derivatives by modeling the potential development of replacement values of the portfolio of trades by counterparty (potential credit exposure) less the values of legally enforceable netting agreements. For collateralized OTC derivatives, our potential credit exposure is based on modeling the potential development of replacement values and collateral values, and the price correlation between the various instruments.

When measuring individual counterparty exposure against credit limits, we consider the maximum likely exposure measured to a high level of confidence of outstanding obligations. However, when aggregating exposures to different counterparties for portfolio risk measurement purposes, we use the expected exposure to each counterparty at a given time period (usually one year) generated by the same model.

We monitor the performance of our exposure models by backtesting and benchmarking them, whereby model outcomes are compared with actual results, based on our internal experience as well as externally observed results.

We assess our exposures where there is a material correlation between the factors driving the credit quality of the counterparty and those driving the potential future value of our traded product exposure (wrong-way risk), and we have established specific controls to mitigate these risks.

Loss given default

Loss given default (LGD) is the magnitude of the likely loss in case of default. LGD estimates include loss of principal, interest and other amounts (such as workout costs, including the cost of carrying an impaired position during the workout process) less recovered amounts. We determine LGD based on the likely recovery rate of claims against defaulted counterparties, which depends on the type of counterparty and any credit mitigation by way of collateral or guarantees. In our Investment Bank, LGD estimates are based on an assessment of key risk drivers such as industry segment, collateral and seniority of a claim as well as a country’s legal environment and bankruptcy procedures, supported by our internal loss data and external information where available. In our other lending portfolios, the LGD differs by counterparty and collateral type and is statistically estimated based on our internal loss data. Where we hold collateral, such as marketable securities or a mortgage on a property, loan-to-value ratios are a key factor in determining LGD.

Expected loss

Credit losses are an inherent cost of doing business, but the occurrence and amount of credit losses can be erratic. In order to quantify future credit losses that may be implicit in our current portfolio, we use the concept of expected loss.

Expected loss is a statistical measure used to estimate the average annual costs we expect to experience from positions in our current credit portfolio that become impaired. The expected loss for a given credit facility is a function of the three components described above: probability of default, EaD and LGD. We aggregate the expected loss for individual counterparties to derive our expected portfolio credit losses.

Expected loss is the basis for quantifying credit risk in all our portfolios. It is also the starting point for the measurement of our portfolio statistical loss and stress loss and may be used as an input to value certain products.

Statistical and stress loss

We use a statistical modeling approach to estimate the loss profile of our credit portfolios over a one-year period to a specified level of confidence. The mean value of this loss distribution is the expected loss. The loss estimates deviate from the mean due to the statistical uncertainty on the defaulting counterparties and to systematic default relationships among counterparties within and between segments. The statistical measure is sensitive to concentration risks on individual counterparties and groups of counterparties. The outcome provides an indication of the level of risk in our portfolio and the way it may develop over time.

    Stress loss is a scenario-based measure which complements our statistical modeling approach. We use it to assess our potential loss in various stress scenarios based on the assumption that one or more of the three key credit risk parameters will deteriorate substantially. We run stress tests on a regular basis to monitor and limit the potential impact of extreme, but nevertheless plausible events on our portfolios and apply limits on this basis.

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Composition of credit risk – Group

The exposures detailed in the tables in this section are based on our internal management view of credit risk.

The “Credit exposure by business division and Corporate Center” table shows a breakdown of our banking and traded product exposures before and after allowances and provisions for credit losses, credit valuation adjustments (CVA) on traded products and single-name credit hedges. The effect of portfolio hedges, such as index CDS, is not reflected in this analysis. Banking product exposures are shown on an amortized cost-basis, guarantees and loan commitments on a notional basis, without applying credit conversion factors. Exposures to OTC derivatives are generally shown in the tables as net positive replacement values (RV) after the application of legally enforceable netting agreements and the deduction of cash collateral. In some cases, however, the exposures are based on a more simplistic RV plus add-on approach. Exchange-traded derivatives (ETD) exposures take into account initial and daily variation margins. Securities financing exposures are shown net of the collateral received.

Our lending businesses saw increased levels of exposure in 2012. Total gross credit exposure amounted to CHF 496 billion on 31 December 2012 compared with CHF 476 billion at the end of 2011. Our banking product exposures increased to CHF 440 billion from CHF 394 billion, mainly due to increases in the balances with central banks and in the loan books of Wealth Management and Wealth Management Americas. Our traded products exposures, which arise largely in our Investment Bank, declined by CHF 26 billion to CHF 56 billion.

Additional information on the composition and credit quality of our Wealth Management and Retail & Corporate loan portfolios and the Investment Bank’s banking products and OTC derivatives portfolios is provided further on in this section.

è

Refer to the “Basel 2.5 Pillar 3” section of this report for more information on the credit exposures used in the determination of our required regulatory capital and additional information on credit derivatives

è

Refer to “Note 25 Derivative instruments and hedge accounting” and “Note 29a Measurement categories of financial assets and liabilities” in the “Financial information” section of this report for the IFRS required disclosures on derivatives and credit risk

LOGO Credit exposure by business division and Corporate Center                             
    Wealth
Management
  Wealth
Management
Americas
  Investment
Bank
  Global
Asset
Management
  Retail &
Corporate
  Corporate
Center1
  Group 
 CHF million 31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.12  31.12.11 
 Balances with central banks  413    1,165    11,260    2,161    21,049    31,743     155    2,173    2,205    29,224    1,135    64,119    38,565  
                                                          
 Due from banks  1,039    555    2,298    1,594    15,521    18,182    343    317    2,713    3,840    599    338    22,513    24,826  
                                                          
 Loans2  86,581    75,056    31,250    27,894    16,288    13,942    91    141    137,344    135,320    4,420    4,625    275,973    256,977  
                                                          
 Guarantees  2,326    2,641    406    406    6,074    5,551      10,042    9,156    12    129    18,860    17,884  
                                                          
 Loan commitments  1,574    1,220    1,214    1,076    48,755    46,763      6,787    6,735    39    164    58,369    55,958  
                                                          
 Banking products3  91,932    80,637    46,428    33,131    107,686    116,181    433    613    159,059    157,256    34,295    6,390    439,834    394,209  
                                                          
 OTC derivatives  2,884    3,869    57    74    23,848    38,748    286    330    1,406    1,839    4,306    7,011    32,787    51,871  
                                                          
 Exchange-traded derivatives  779    817    814    877    5,545    7,938      61    167      7,199    9,799  
                                                          
 Securities financing transactions    154    155    14,462    20,051        1,072    3    15,687    20,209  
                                                          
 Traded products  3,663    4,686    1,025    1,106    43,855    66,737    286    330    1,467    2,006    5,377    7,014    55,673    81,880  
                                                          
 Total credit exposure  95,595    85,323    47,453    34,238    151,541    182,918    719    943    160,526    159,262    39,672    13,404    495,506    476,088  
                                                          
 Total credit exposure, net4  95,554    85,278    47,436    34,235    128,197    154,349    719    943    159,826    158,198    38,547    10,328    470,279    443,331  
                                                          
 

1  Includes the Legacy Portfolio.  2  Does not include reclassified securities and similar acquired securities in our Legacy Portfolio.  3  Excludes loans designated at fair value.  4  Net of allowances, provisions, CVA and hedges.

   

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Risk management and control

Swiss residential mortgage loans

Our largest loan portfolio is our mortgage loan portfolio, which principally comprises loans within Switzerland which are secured by residential and commercial real estate. These mortgage loans mainly originate from our Retail & Corporate business but also include mortgage loans originating from our Wealth Management business. The majority of these mortgage loans relate to residential properties that the borrower either occupies or rents out and are full recourse to the borrower.

We use a scoring model as part of a standardized front-to-back process to support credit decisions for the origination or modification of all Swiss mortgage loans. The two key factors within this model are an affordability calculation relative to gross income and the loan-to-value ratio (LTV). The calculation of affordability takes into account interest payments, minimum amortization requirements, potential property maintenance costs and, in the case of properties expected to be rented out, the level of rental income. Interest payments are estimated using a predefined framework, which takes into account the potential for significant increases in interest rates during the lifetime of the loan.

Approximately 70% of the Swiss residential mortgage loan portfolio relates to properties occupied by the borrower. For such mortgage loans, the maximum LTV allowed within the standard approval process is 80%. This is reduced to 60% in the case of vacation properties and luxury real estate. The value assigned by UBS to each property is based on the lowest value determined based on an internal valuation, the purchase price and, in some cases, an additional external valuation. Valuations of owner-occupied real estate are reviewed and updated throughout the lifetime of the loan, typically using real estate price indices. The average LTV ratio of this portfolio was approximately 55% at 31 December 2012 compared with 58% at 31 December 2011. Over 99% of the aggregate amount of mortgage loans within this portfolio would continue to be covered by the real estate collateral even if the value assigned to that collateral were to decrease by 20%. Furthermore, these loans are full recourse to the borrower. The average LTV for 2012 of newly originated loans in this portfolio was 63%.

Approximately 30% of the Swiss residential mortgage loan portfolio relates to properties rented out by the borrower. For such mortgage loans, the maximum LTV allowed within the standard approval process ranges from 60% to 80%, depending on the type of property, the age of the property and the amount of any renovation work required. LTVs are reviewed and updated periodically throughout the lifetime of the loan. The rental income from properties is reviewed, at a minimum, once every three years, but indications of significant changes in the amount of rental income or the level of vacancy rate can trigger an interim reappraisal. The average LTV ratio of this portfolio was approximately 58% at 31 December 2012 compared with 59% at 31 December 2011. Over 99% of the aggregate amount of mortgage loans within this portfolio would continue to be covered by the real estate collateral even if the value assigned to that collateral were to decrease by 20%.

Furthermore, these loans are full re-course to the borrower. The average LTV for 2012 of newly originated loans in this portfolio was 56%.

Composition of credit risk – business divisions and Corporate Center

Wealth Management

The total gross banking products exposure of Wealth Management increased to CHF 92 billion on 31 December 2012 compared with CHF 81 billion on 31 December 2011, in line with our strategy.

Our Wealth Management loan portfolio is mainly secured by marketable securities, residential property and cash (including certain fiduciary investments) as outlined in the table “Wealth Management and Retail & Corporate: composition of loan portfolio, gross”. The majority of loans secured by securities were of high quality, with 91% (94% on 31 December 2011) rated investment grade.

Wealth Management Americas

The total gross banking products exposure of Wealth Management Americas increased to CHF 46 billion on 31 December 2012 compared with CHF 33 billion on 31 December 2011 compared with CHF 26 billion on 31 December 2010.2011. This exposure arose from three main product categories:largely relates to loans secured by marketable securities (CHF 27.6 billion), residential mortgage loans (CHF 3.5 billion) and credit cards.cards (CHF 0.2 billion).

The majority of loans secured by marketable securities were of high quality, with 88% (93%87% (88% in 2010)2011) rated investment grade. Our Wealth Management Americas mortgage loan portfolio consists primarily of residential mortgages offered in all US states. Exposure continued to grow to CHF 1.83.5 billion as of 31 December 20112012 from CHF 1.11.8 billion the prior year. The overall quality of this portfolio remains high with an average loan-to-value ratio (LTV) of 58% and we have experienced no credit losses since the inception of the mortgage program. The credit risk exposure arising from the credit card business was CHF 135152 million on 31 December 2011.

Risk, treasury and capital management

Wealth Management & Swiss Bank: distribution of net banking products exposure across internal UBS ratings and loss given default buckets 

CHF million, except where indicated

  31.12.11   31.12.10 

Internal UBS ratings

  Moody’s         LGD buckets             
  

Investors

Service

mapping

  

Standard &

Poor’s
mapping

  Exposure   0–25%   26–50%   51–75%   76–100%   Weighted
average
LGD (%)
   Exposure   Weighted
average
LGD (%)
 
Investment grade  Aaa to Baa3  AAA to BBB–   177,355     154,085     22,520     740     10     13     140,194     16  
                                               
Sub-investment grade       58,232     48,453     7,531     1,238     1,010     15     89,888     12  
                                               

of which: 6–9

  Ba1 to B1  BB+ to B+   55,257     45,921     7,112     1,214     1,010     15     86,867     11  
                                               

of which: 10–12

  B2 to Caa  B to CCC   2,686     2,249     414     23       15     2,967     17  
                                               

of which: 13

  Ca & lower  CC & lower   289     283     5     1       6     55     20  
                                               
Total non-defaulted       235,587     202,538     30,051     1,978     1,020     13     230,082     14  
                                               
Defaulted1       1,196               1,379    
                                               
Net banking products exposure2       236,783               231,461    
                                               

1Due to2012 compared with CHF 135 million in the applied risk calculation approach for default positions, no LGD is assigned.  2Gross exposure before deduction of allowances and provisions for credit losses of CHF 709 million (31 December 2010: CHF 817 million) and credit hedges of CHF 400 million (31 December 2010: CHF 849 million) is CHF 237,893 million (31 December 2010: CHF 233,128 million).prior year.

Wealth Management & Swiss Bank: composition of loan portfolio, gross 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.11  31.12.10 
Secured by residential property   124,639     59.2  122,815     60.8
                    
Secured by commercial / industrial property   21,347     10.1  20,766     10.3
                    
Secured by securities1   49,521     23.5  42,993     21.3
                    
Unsecured loans   14,867     7.1  15,367     7.6
                    
Total loans, gross   210,375     100.0  201,942     100.0
                    
Total loans, net of allowances and credit hedges   209,572      201,012    
                    

1Includes guarantees and other collateral.

Wealth Management & Swiss Bank: unsecured loans by industry sector          
CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10 
Construction   120     252  
           
Financial institutions   919     642  
           
Hotels and restaurants   327     59  
           
Manufacturing   2,542     2,172  
           
Private households   1,785     1,842  
           
Public authorities   2,938     4,895  
           
Real estate and rentals   1,112     889  
           
Retail and wholesale   1,715     1,551  
           
Services   3,113     2,776  
           
Other   296     288  
           
Total   14,867     15,367  
           

Risk, treasury and capital management

Risk management and control

Investment Bank

The table “Investment Bank: banking products and OTC derivatives exposure” table shows the Investment Bank’s credit exposures to banking products (loans, guarantees and loan commitments) and OTC derivatives beforeportfolios, gross and afternet of allowances, provisions, credit valuation adjustments (CVA) and provisions, CVA and specificsingle-name credit hedges based on our internal risk view. PortfolioThe effect of portfolio hedges, such as index CDS, areis not includedreflected in this analysis. The gross banking product exposures shown in this table exclude exposure to central banks, due from banks, nostro accounts and money market balances, which are included in the “Credit exposure by business division”division and Corporate Center” table.

Approximately 94% of the Investment Bank’s net OTC derivative portfolio was traded with counterparties rated investment grade, the vast majority of which were banks and regulated financial institutions with which trading was conducted primarily on a collateralized basis. Approximately 67% of the The Investment Bank’s net banking products exposure increased to CHF 56.0 billion as of 31 December 2012 from CHF 47.6 billion at the end of 2011. The Investment Bank continued to actively manage the credit risk of this portfolio was rated investment grade, with the majorityand, as of the31 December 2012, held CHF 20.6 billion of single-name CDS hedges against its exposures related to its lending activities associated with corporates and other non-banks.

The tables shown on the next page provide additional analysis of the portfolio by our internal rating and LGD, industry sector and geographical region.

 

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Investment Bank: banking products and OTC derivatives exposure1

CHF million

  Banking products OTC derivatives   Banking products OTC derivatives 
  31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.11 31.12.10   31.12.12 31.12.11 31.12.12 31.12.11 
Total exposure, before deduction of allowances and provisions, CVA and hedges   75,3802   70,8852   45,759    47,452     76,6732   70,6062   23,848    38,748  
      

Less: allowances, provisions and CVA

   (93  (124  (2,917  (2,224   (51  (75  (559  (981
      

Less: credit protection bought (credit default swaps, notional)

   (22,886  (29,154  (5,637  (3,683   (20,619  (22,886  (2,005  (4,513
      
Net exposure after allowances and provisions, CVA and hedges   52,401    41,608    37,205    41,546     56,003    47,645    21,285    33,254  
      

1  Banking products: risk view, excludes balances with central banks, due from banks reclassified and similar acquired securities and internal risk adjustments; OTC derivatives: net replacement value includes the impact of netting agreements (including cash collateral) in accordance with Swiss Federal Banking Law.federal banking law.2  Banking products including money market and nostro accounts amount to CHF 120,955107,686 million (31 December 2010:2011: CHF 96,371116,181 million).

Investment Bank: distribution of net banking products exposure, across internal UBS ratings and loss given default (LGD) buckets

CHF million, except where indicated

CHF million, except where indicated

  31.12.11   31.12.10 

CHF million, except where indicated

  31.12.12   31.12.11 
  Moody’s         LGD buckets               Moody’s         LGD buckets             
Internal UBS ratings  Investors
Service
mapping
  Standard &
Poor’s
mapping
  Exposure   0–25%   26–50%   51–75%   76–100%   Weighted
average
LGD (%)
   Exposure   Weighted
average
LGD (%)
 
Internal UBS rating  Investors
Service
mapping
  Standard &
Poor’s
mapping
  Exposure   0–25%   26–50%   51–75%   76–100%   Weighted
average
LGD (%)
   Exposure   Weighted
average
LGD (%)
 
Investment grade  Aaa to Baa3  AAA to BBB–   35,017     10,426     15,269     4,101     5,221     43     25,603     43    Aaa to Baa3  AAA to BBB-   35,075     9,875     17,035     2,679     5,486     44     30,326     47  
                                                            
Sub-investment grade       17,384     8,363     6,002     1,728     1,291     31     16,005     33         20,928     12,017     6,632     1,573     705     25     17,318     31  
                                                            

of which: 6–9

  Ba1 to B1  BB+ to B+   9,717     4,406     2,852     1,322     1,137     35     6,812     36    Ba1 to B1  BB+ to B+   14,139     9,104     3,937     847     251     22     9,686     35  
                                                            

of which: 10–12

  B2 to Caa  B to CCC   7,121     3,544     3,073     357     146     27     8,285     31    B2 to Caa  B to CCC   6,590     2,805     2,621     710     454     32     7,112     27  
                                                            

of which: 13 & defaulted

  Ca & lower  CC & lower   547     413     77     49     7     21     908     35  

of which: 13 and defaulted

  Ca and lower  CC and lower   199     108     75     16     0     21     520     20  
                                                            
Net banking products exposure,after application of credit hedges1     52,401     18,790     21,271     5,829     6,511     39     41,608     39  
Net banking products exposure, after application of credit hedges1Net banking products exposure, after application of credit hedges1     56,003     21,892     23,667     4,252     6,191     37     47,645     42  
                                                            

1  Banking products: risk view, excludes balances with central banks, due from banks reclassified and similar acquired securities and internal risk adjustments.

Investment Bank: distribution of net OTC derivatives exposure, across internal UBS ratings and loss given default (LGD) buckets

CHF million, except where indicated

CHF million, except where indicated

  31.12.11   31.12.10 

CHF million, except where indicated

  31.12.12   31.12.11 
  Moody’s         LGD buckets               Moody’s         LGD buckets             
Internal UBS ratings  Investors
Service
mapping
  Standard &
Poor’s
mapping
  Exposure   0–25%   26–50%   51–75%   76–100%   Weighted
average
LGD (%)
   Exposure   Weighted
average
LGD (%)
 
Internal UBS rating  Investors
Service
mapping
  Standard &
Poor’s
mapping
  Exposure   0–25%   26–50%   51–75%   76–100%   Weighted
average
LGD (%)
   Exposure   Weighted
average
LGD (%)
 
Investment grade  Aaa to Baa3  AAA to BBB–   34,898     8,096     23,966     1,925     912     32     37,552     36    Aaa to Baa3  AAA to BBB-   20,008     5,210     12,609     1,339     850     34     31,374     32  
                                                            
Sub-investment grade       2,307     420     1,126     152     607     51     3,994     54         1,276     649     375     51     201     34     1,879     53  
                                                            

of which: 6–9

  Ba1 to B1  BB+ to B+   1,650     258     697     115     580     56     2,302     55    Ba1 to B1  BB+ to B+   1,131     600     289     44     198     34     1,464     59  
                                                            

of which: 10–12

  B2 to Caa  B to CCC   356     24     294     30     7     48     889     53    B2 to Caa  B to CCC   41     4     31     5     1     41     117     45  
                                                            

of which: 13 & defaulted

  Ca & lower  CC & lower   301     138     135     7     20     32     803     70  

of which: 13 and defaulted

  Ca and lower  CC and lower   104     45     55     2     2     30     297     31  
                                                            
Net OTC derivatives exposure,after application of credit hedges1     37,205     8,516     25,092     2,077     1,519     33     41,546     39  
Net OTC derivatives exposure, after application of credit hedges1Net OTC derivatives exposure, after application of credit hedges1     21,285     5,859     12,984     1,390     1,051     34     33,254     34  
                                                            

1  OTC derivatives: net replacement value includes the impact of netting agreements (including cash collateral) in accordance with Swiss Federal Banking Law.federal banking law.

Risk, treasury and capital management

The Investment Bank’s net banking products exposure increased to CHF 52.4 billion as of 31 December 2011 from CHF 41.6 billion at the end of 2010. The Investment Bank continued to actively manage the credit risk of this portfolioRisk management and as of 31 December 2011, held CHF 23 billion of single-name CDS hedges against its exposures to corporates and other non-banks.control

The Investment Bank’s net banking products exposure to corporates and other non-banks continued to be diversified across industry sectors. Based on our assessment, the vast majority of the sub-investment grade exposures in this portfolio had an LGD of 0–50% on 31 December 2011.

è

Refer to “Note 28b Reclassification of financial assets” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on reclassified securities

Loan to BlackRock fund

In the second quarter of 2008, we sold a portfolio of US residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS) for USD 15 billion to the RMBS Opportunities Master Fund, LP (RMBS fund), a special purpose entity managed by BlackRock Financial Management, Inc. The RMBS fund was capitalized with approximately USD 3.75 billion in equity raised by BlackRock from third-party investors and an eight-year amortizing USD 11.25 billion senior secured loan provided by UBS.

The RMBS fund amortizes the loan through monthly payments drawn from amounts collected from the underlying assets. These collections are allocated to the payment of interest and principal of the loan and to the holders of equity interests in the RMBS fund in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement. Allocations to equity holders may be reduced or suspended in the event of specified declines in the aggregate notional balance of the portfolio, and we may assume control of the underlying assets in the event of a further specified decline in the notional balance.

As of 31 December 2011, the loan had a balance outstanding of USD 4.7 billion compared with USD 5.7 billion on 31 December 2010, taking into account amounts held in escrow. This loan balance is reflected in the Investment Bank’s credit exposures shown in the tables of this section. The aggregate notional balance of the RMBS fund’s assets collateralizing the loan on 31 December 2011 was USD 11.5 billion. By notional balance, the portfolio primarily comprised of Alt-A (54%) and sub-prime (33%) credit grades. In terms of priority, the portfolio was dominated by senior positions (96%).

The RMBS fund is not consolidated in our financial statements. We continue to monitor the RMBS fund and its performance and will reassess the consolidation status if events warrant and deterioration of the underlying RMBS mortgage pools indicates that

 

Investment Bank: net banking products and OTC derivatives exposure by industry sector1

 

  Banking products   OTC derivatives   Banking products   OTC derivatives 
CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.12   31.12.11 
Banks   5,082     2,608     10,935     13,409     5,540     5,082     7,947     10,935  
                        
Chemicals   1,866     1,046     188     179     1,336     1,866     224     188  
                        
Electricity, gas, water supply   3,760     2,380     252     155     3,944     3,760     463     252  
                        
Non-bank financial institutions   17,735     13,054     16,068     20,778     16,211     13,145     8,823     15,764  
                        
Manufacturing   6,354     8,021     626     524     8,127     6,307     331     626  
                        
Mining   5,990     3,707     211     94     5,959     5,990     114     211  
                        
Public authorities   1,369     1,611     7,233     4,916     2,841     1,264     1,992     3,585  
                        
Retail and wholesale   1,791     1,921     43     49     2,046     1,791     54     43  
                        
Transport, storage and communication   4,041     2,722     943     861     3,543     4,041     601     943  
                        
Other   4,413     4,537     707     581     6,456     4,398     736     707  
                        
Total   52,401     41,608     37,205     41,546     56,003     47,645     21,285     33,254  
                        

1  Banking products: exposure to commercial counterparties after risk transfer and application of credit hedges. OTC derivatives: net replacement value includes the impact of netting agreements (including cash collateral) in accordance with Swiss Federal Banking Law.federal banking law.

Investment Bank: net banking products and OTC derivatives exposure by geographical region

 

  Banking products   OTC derivatives   Banking products   OTC derivatives 
CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.12   31.12.11 
Asia Pacific   4,158     4,259     3,499     3,345  
            
Latin America   210     653     186     201  
            
Middle East and Africa   278     271     755     433  
            
North America   40,798     33,771     6,524     9,293  
            
Switzerland   758     348     1,263     1,804     257     758     864     1,263  
                        
Rest of Europe   7,943     5,291     18,884     19,874     10,301     7,932     9,457     18,718  
                        
North America   38,507     32,721     13,003     15,764  
            
Latin America   653     34     278     185  
            
Asia Pacific   4,269     2,658     3,345     3,338  
            
Middle East and Africa   271     556     433     580  
            
Total   52,401     41,608     37,205     41,546     56,003     47,645     21,285     33,254  
                        

and other non-banks down from CHF 22.9 billion at the end of 2011. In addition the Investment Bank held CHF 403 million of loss protection from the subordinated tranches of structured credit protection which is not reflected in the table.

Further breakdowns are provided within the table “Investment Bank: distribution of net banking products exposure, across internal UBS ratings and loss given default (LGD) buckets”. At the end of the year, and based on internal ratings, approximately 63% of the Investment Bank’s net banking products exposure was classified as investment grade compared with 64% at the end of the prior year. The majority of the Investment Bank’s net banking products exposure had estimated loss given defaults of between 0% to 50%. The Investment Bank’s lending activities are largely associated with corporates and other non-banks, which is broadly diversified across industry sectors, but concentrated in North America.

The Investment Bank’s net OTC exposure decreased to CHF 21.3 billion as of 31 December 2012 from CHF 33.3 billion at the end of 2011. Approximately 94% of the Investment Bank’s net OTC derivatives portfolio was traded with counterparties rated investment grade, the vast majority of which were banks and regulated financial institutions with which trading was conducted primarily on a collateralized basis. The

tables shown on the previous and on this page provide additional analysis of the portfolio by our internal rating and LGD, by industry sector and by geographical region.

è

Refer to “Note 29b) Reclassification of financial assets” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on reclassified securities

Retail & Corporate

The total gross banking products exposure of Retail & Corporate was CHF 159 billion on 31 December 2012 compared with CHF 157 billion on 31 December 2011. Approximately 70% of Retail & Corporate’s banking product portfolio is rated investment grade, with over 80% of this portion categorized in the lowest LGD bucket of 0–25% .

Retail & Corporate’s gross loan portfolio increased to CHF 137 billion, from CHF 135 billion in the prior year. The composition of the Retail & Corporate loan portfolio was largely unchanged over the year. At year-end 2012, 92% of this portfolio was secured by collateral and, based on our internal ratings, 54% of the unsecured loan portfolio was rated investment grade. Furthermore, 60% of the unsecured portfolio related to cash flow-based lending to corporate counterparties compared with 61% on 31 December 2011, and 22% to lending to public authorities compared with 23% on 31 December 2011.

Risk, treasury and capital management

Wealth Management and Retail & Corporate: composition of loan portfolio, gross

 

  Wealth Management   Retail & Corporate 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.121   31.12.11   31.12.12   31.12.11 
         %        %        %        % 
Secured by residential property   30,829     35.6     28,467     37.9     98,681     71.8     96,172     71.1  
                                         
Secured by commercial / industrial property   1,972     2.3     1,805     2.4     19,861     14.5     19,542     14.4  
                                         
Secured by cash   12,235     14.1     10,000     13.3     173     0.1     637     0.5  
                                         
Secured by securities   34,973     40.4     26,718     35.6     1,414     1.0     1,327     1.0  
                                         
Secured by guarantees and other collateral   6,265     7.2     8,010     10.7     5,875     4.3     5,285     3.9  
                                         
Unsecured loans   307     0.4     55     0.1     11,340     8.3     12,356     9.1  
                                         
Total loans, gross   86,581     100.0     75,056     100.0     137,344     100.0     135,320     100.0  
                                         
Total loans, net of allowances and credit hedges   86,540       75,011       136,770       134,561    
                                         

1  Exposures as of 31 December 2012 reflect a refined reporting process for allocating Wealth Management loans to the secured and unsecured categories and are therefore not directly comparable to the prior period exposures.

Retail & Corporate: distribution of net banking products exposure across internal UBS ratings and loss given default (LGD) buckets

CHF million, except where indicated

  31.12.12   31.12.11 
   Moody’s         LGD buckets             
Internal UBS rating  Investors
Service
mapping
  Standard &
Poor’s
mapping
  Exposure   0–25%   26–50%   51–75%   76–100%   Weighted
average
LGD (%)
   Exposure   Weighted
average
LGD (%)
 
Investment grade  Aaa to Baa3  AAA to BBB-   109,221     92,245     15,953     1,014     9     10     104,748     10  
                                               
Sub-investment grade       47,971     38,557     7,067     1,283     1,064     15     50,314     15  
                                               

of which: 6–9

  Ba1 to B1  BB+ to B+   45,704     36,614     6,764     1,264     1,062     16     47,922     15  
                                               

of which: 10–12

  B2 to Caa  B to CCC   1,916     1,598     297     18     2     14     2,132     15  
                                               

of which: 13

  Ca and lower  CC and lower   351     345     5     0     0     6     261     6  
                                               
Total non-defaulted       157,192     130,802     23,020     2,297     1,073     12     155,062     12  
                                               
Defaulted1       1,168               1,130    
                                               
Net banking products exposure2     158,359               156,192    
                                               

1  Due to the applied risk calculation approach for default positions, no LGD is assigned.  2  Gross exposure before deduction of allowances and provisions for credit losses of CHF 610 million (31 December 2011: CHF 665 million) and credit hedges of CHF 90 million (31 December 2011: CHF 400 million) is CHF 159,059 million (31 December 2011: CHF 157,256 million).

Retail & Corporate: unsecured loans by industry sector

CHF million  31.12.12   31.12.11 
Construction   108     120  
           
Financial institutions   1,106     882  
           
Hotels and restaurants   51     252  
           
Manufacturing   1,921     2,165  
           
Private households   1,578     1,730  
           
Public authorities   2,562     2,906  
           
Real estate and rentals   430     1,110  
           
Retail and wholesale   1,818     1,520  
           
Services   1,289     1,454  
           
Other   478     218  
           
Total   11,340     12,356  
           

Risk, treasury and capital management

Risk management and control

 

Corporate Center – Legacy Portfolio

The loans of CHF 11.7 billion in our Legacy Portfolio predominantly comprise assets that were reclassified in the fourth quarter of 2008 and in the first quarter 2009 fromHeld for tradingtoLoans and receivables, student loan auction rate securities and our loan to the RMBS Opportunities Master Fund, LP, a special purpose entity managed by BlackRock Financial Management Inc.

The net replacement value of our OTC contracts within the Legacy Portfolio after application of master netting agreements, hedges, allowances and credit valuation adjustments was CHF 3.2 billion at year-end 2012.

Loan to BlackRock fund

In the second quarter of 2008, we sold a portfolio of US residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS) for USD 15 billion to the RMBS Opportunities Master Fund, LP (RMBS fund), a special purpose entity managed by BlackRock Financial Management, Inc. The RMBS fund was capitalized with approximately USD 3.75 billion in equity raised by BlackRock from third-party investors and an eight-year amortizing USD 11.25 billion senior secured loan provided by UBS.

The RMBS fund amortizes the loan through monthly payments drawn from amounts collected from the underlying assets. These collections are allocated to the payment of interest and principal of the loan and to the holders of equity interests in the RMBS fund in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement. Allocations to equity holders may be reduced or suspended in the event of specified declines in the aggregate notional balance of the portfolio, and we may assume control of the underlying assets in the event of a further specified decline in the notional balance.

 

As of 31 December 2012, the loan had a balance outstanding of USD 3.6 billion compared with USD 4.7 billion on 31 December 2011, taking into account amounts held in escrow. The aggregate notional balance of the RMBS fund’s assets collateralizing the loan on 31 December 2012 was USD 9.7 billion. By notional balance, the portfolio is primarily comprised of Alt-A (53%) and sub-prime (34%) credit grades. In terms of priority, the portfolio was dominated by senior positions (97%).

The RMBS fund is not consolidated in our financial statements. We continue to monitor the RMBS fund and its performance and will reassess the consolidation status if events warrant and deterioration of the underlying RMBS mortgage pools indicates that the equity investors in the fund no longer receive the majority of the risks and rewards.control it. We also continue to assess the loan to the RMBS fund to determine whether it has been impaired. Developments through the year ended 31 December 2011 did2012 have not alteraltered our conclusion that the loan is not impaired and that consolidation is not required.

 Exposure to student loan auction rate securities

LOGO

 

We continueOur overall exposure to regard our inventory of student loan auction rate securities as a “risk concentration”. The overall exposure decreased(ARS) was reduced by USD 1.6 billion to USD 5.74.1 billion on 31 December 2011 from USD 9.8 billion on 31 December 20102012 following sales during the year.

 

At the end of 2011, 77%2012, 88% of the collateral underlying the remaining student loan auction rate securities inventory was backed by Federal Family Education Loan Program guaranteed collateral, which is reinsured by the US Department of Education for no less than 97% of principal and interest. All of our student loan auction rate securities positions are held asLoans and receivables and are subject to a quarterly impairment test that includes a review of performance reports for each issuing trust.

LOGO Student loan ARS inventory   
     Carrying value 
 USD million   31.12.12    31.12.11  
           
 US student loan ARS   4,1101   5,683  
           
 

of which: rated BB– and above

   4,062    5,154  
           
 

of which: rated below BB–

   47    529  
           
 

1 Includes USD 1.8 billion (CHF 1.6 billion) at carrying value of student loan ARS that were reclassified to Loans and receivables from Held for trading in the fourth quarter of 2008. Refer to “Note 29b) Reclassification of financial assets” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.

   

LOGO

 Exposure to monoline insurers, by rating1        
     31.12.12 
     Notional
amount2
   Fair value
of CDS
   CVA   Fair value of
CDS after
CVA
 
 USD million  Column 1   Column 2   Column 3   Column 4
(=2–3)
 
 Credit protection bought from monoline insurers, by rating3        
                      
 

of which: from monolines rated investment grade (BBB and above)

   1,130     291     66     225  
                      
 

of which: from monolines rated sub-investment grade (BB and below)

   4,599     684     277     407  
                      
                      
 Total 31.12.12   5,729     975     343     633  
                      
 Total 31.12.11   7,714     2,825     1,597     1,228  
                      

1  Excludes the benefit of credit protection purchased from unrelated third parties.2  Represents gross notional amount of credit default swaps (CDS) purchased as credit protection.3  Categorization based on the lowest insurance financial strength rating assigned by external rating agencies.

Risk, treasury and capital management

è  Refer to the “Risk concentrations” section of this report for more information

 Exposure to monoline insurers

LOGO

 

We continue to regardAll our exposure to monoline insurers as a “risk concentration”. The vast majority of this exposureis within the Legacy Portfolio and arises

LOGO

from OTC derivative contracts, mainly credit default swap (CDS) protection purchased to hedge specific positions. The table “Exposure to monoline insurers, by rating” shows this exposurethe CDS protection purchased from monoline insurers, calculated as the sum of the fair values of individual CDS after credit valuation adjustments (CVA).

On 31 December 2011, based on fair values, 41% of the insured assets were commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS), 31% were collateralized loan obligations, 21% were other asset-backed securities and 7% were asset-backed securities high-grade collateralized debt obligations of US sub-prime residential mortgage-backed securities.

The total fair value of CDS protection purchased from monoline insurers wasdecreased from USD 1.01.2 billion to USD 0.6 billion after cumulative CVA of USD 1.40.3 billion. The changes reported in the table “Exposure toThis reduction was largely a result of trade commutation on monoline insurers, by rating” do not equal the profit or loss associatedexposures. This exposure is materially hedged with this portfolio as a significant portion of the underlying assets are classified asLoans and receivablesfor accounting purposes. In addition tosingle-name credit protection purchased on the positions detailed in the table, we held direct derivative exposure to monoline insurers of USD 264 million after CVA of USD 216 million, on 31 December 2011.default swaps.

 

è  Refer to the “Non-trading portfolios – valuation and sensitivity information by instrument category” section below for more information

è  Refer to the “Risk concentrations” section of this report for more information

LOGO

 Student loan ARS inventory   
 

 

  Carrying value 
 USD million   31.12.11    31.12.10  
           
 US student loan ARS   5,6831   9,784  
           
 

of which rated BB– and above

   5,154    8,374  
           
 

of which rated below BB–

   529    1,410  
           
 

1 Includes USD 2.9 billion (CHF 2.7 billion) at carrying value of student loan ARS that were reclassified to Loans and receivables from Held for trading in the fourth quarter 2008. Refer to “Note 28b Reclassification of financial assets” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.

   

LOGO

 Exposure to monoline insurers, by rating1         
 

 

  31.12.11 
 

 

  Notional
amount3
   Fair value
of underlying
assets
  Fair value of
CDS prior to
credit  valuation
adjustment
   Credit
valuation

adjustment
   Fair value of
CDS after
credit valuation
adjustment
 
 USD million  Column 1   Column 2  

Column 3

(=1–2)

   Column 4   

Column 5

(=3–4)

 
 Credit protection on US sub-prime residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS) CDO high grade, from monolines rated sub-investment grade (BB and below)2   726     188    538     470     68  
                          
 Credit protection on other assets2   4,392     2,5854   1,807     912     895  
                          
 

of which: from monolines rated investment grade (BBB and above)

   658     483    175     48     127  
                          
 

of which: from monolines rated sub-investment grade (BB and below)

   3,734     2,103    1,631     864     767  
                          
 Total 31.12.11   5,118     2,773    2,345     1,382     963  
                          
 Total 31.12.10   11,906     9,206    2,699     1,087     1,612  
                          
 

1  Excludes the benefit of credit protection purchased from unrelated third parties.2  Categorization based on the lowest insurance financial strength rating assigned by external rating agencies.3  Represents gross notional amount of credit default swaps (CDS) purchased as credit protection.4  Includes USD 0.8 billion (CHF 0.7 billion) at fair value / USD 0.9 billion (CHF 0.8 billion) at carrying value of assets that were reclassified to Loans and receivables from Held for trading in the fourth quarter of 2008. Refer to “Note 28b Reclassification of financial assets” in the “Financial information” section of this report.

     

Risk, treasury and capital management

 

Impairment and default – distressed claims

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With respect to distressed claims resulting from banking products, we distinguish between loans that are “past due” and those that are “impaired”. We also assess claims from securities financing transactions for default and impairment using the same principles and processes we use for banking products.

We consider a loan to be past due when a contractual payment has not been missed. We consider a loan as impaired if it is probable that we will not fully recover allreceived by its contractual payments due under the loan as a result of the borrower’s inability, or unwillingness, to meet its obligations after realization of available collateral. Loans in arrears for 90 days are evaluated individually for impairment. However, an impairment analysis would be carried out irrespective of whether the loan was in arrears if other objective evidence indicates that a loan may be impaired.date. Past due but not impaired loans are those that have suffered missed payments, but are not considered impaired because we expect to collect all amounts due under the contractual terms of the loans or the equivalent value from liquidation of collateral. We also assess claims

A loan is considered impaired when management determines that it is probable that we will not be able to collect all amounts due (or the equivalent value thereof) based on the original contractual terms. Individual credit exposures are evaluated based on the borrower’s character, overall financial condition, resources and payment record; the prospects for support from securities financing transactionsany financially responsible guarantors; and, where applicable, the realizable value of any collateral.

    Loans in arrears for default90 days are evaluated individually for impairment. However, an impairment analysis would be carried out irrespective of whether the loan was in arrears if other objective evidence indicates that a loan may be impaired. Any event that impacts current and future cash flows may be an indication of impairment usingand trigger an assessment by the same principlesrisk officer. Such events may be: (i) past due and processes we use for banking products.non-performing status of credit exposures, (ii) significant collateral shortfalls due to a fall in lending values (securities and real estate), (iii) increase in loan or derivative exposures, (iv) significant financial difficulties of a client, (v) high probability of bankruptcy, (vi) debt moratorium, (vii) financial restructuring including granting of preferential interest rates and (viii) extension of maturity or even partial forgiveness to prevent a credit default.

We have established processes to ensure that the carrying values of impaired claims are determined in compliance with IFRS requirements. Our credit controls applied to valuation and workout are the same for

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both amortized cost and fair-valued credit products. With the exception of a part of the mortgage portfolio and small unsecured retail account overdrafts, we assess each identified case individually. Our workout strategy and estimation of recoverable amounts are independently approved.approved in accordance with our credit authorities.

We also assess our portfolios of claims carried at amortized cost with similar credit risk characteristics for collective impairment in order to consider if these portfolios contain impaired obligations where the individual impaired itemsclaims that cannot yet be identified. In our retail and corporate banking business in Switzerland, we typically review individual positions for impairment only after they have been in arrears for a certain time as described above. To cover the time lag between the occurrence of an impairment event and its identification, we establish collective loan loss allowances based on the expectedestimated loss for the portfolio over the average period between trigger events and the identification of individual impairment. Collective loan loss allowances of this kind are typically not required forapply to our investment banking businesses because we continuously monitor individual counterpartiesretail and exposures to identify impairment events at an early stage.corporate portfolio.

 

None of the portfolios with collective loan loss allowances are included in the totals of impaired loans in the tables shown in the composition of credit risk for business divisions in the “Credit risk” section of this report.section.

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Additionally, for all of our portfolios we assess whether there have been any unforeseen developments which might result in impairments but that are not immediately observable. These events could be stress situations, such as a natural disaster or a country crisis, or they could result from structural changes in the legal or regulatory environment. To determine whether an event-driven collective impairment exists, we regularly use a set of global

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economic drivers to assess the most vulnerable countries and review the impact of any potential impairment event.

The recognition of impairment in our financial statements depends on the accounting treatment of the claim. For products carried at amortized cost, impairment is recognized through the creation of an allowance or provision charged to the income statement as a credit loss expense. For products recorded at fair value, such as derivatives, a deterioration of the credit quality is recognized through a CVA charged to the income statement through theNet trading incomeline.

 

è  Refer to “Note 26a1 Significant accounting policies” and “Note 27a) Valuation principles” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on credit valuation adjustments

Impaired loans, allowances and provisions

The credit risk exposures reported in the table “Allowances and provisions for credit losses” represent the IFRS balance sheet view of our gross banking products portfolio. This comprises the balance sheet line itemsBalances with central banks,Due from banksandLoansas well as the off-balance sheet itemsGuaranteesandLoan commitments. The table also shows the IFRS reported allowances and provisions for credit losses and impairments.

The table shows that our allowances and provisions for credit losses, excluding collective loan loss allowances of CHF 131114 mil-

Risk, treasury and capital management

Risk management and control

Allowances and provisions for credit losses1

 

  IFRS exposure,
gross
   Impaired exposure2   Specific allowances and
provisions for credit
losses3
   Estimated liquidation
proceeds of collateral
   Impairment ratio (%) 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.12   31.12.11 
Group                    
                                                   
Balances with central banks   64,119     38,565                 0.0     0.0  
                                                   
Due from banks   21,252     23,235     56     20     22     17         0.3     0.1  
                                                   
Loans   280,606     267,429     1,550     2,135     591     694     437     893     0.6     0.8  
                                                   

of which: related to Legacy Portfolio4

   11,718     16,048     113     572     38     86     74     483     1.0     3.6  
                                                   

of which: related to other loans

   268,888     251,381     1,437     1,563     553     607     363     411     0.5     0.6  
                                                   
Guarantees   20,058     18,905     76     94     56     87     6     3     0.4     0.5  
                                                   
Loan commitments   59,818     58,192     68     70     8     6       1     0.1     0.1  
                                                   
Banking products   445,852     406,326     1,749     2,318     677     804     443��    897     0.4     0.6  
                                                   
Wealth Management                    
                                                   
Balances with central banks   413     1,165                 0.0     0.0  
                                                   
Due from banks   1,039     555                 0.0     0.0  
                                                   
Loans   86,581     75,056     55     45     38     42     20     6     0.1     0.1  
                                                   
Guarantees   2,326     2,641                 0.0     0.0  
                                                   
Loan commitments   1,574     1,220                 0.0     0.0  
                                                   
Banking products   91,932     80,637     55     45     38     42     20     6     0.1     0.1  
                                                   
Wealth Management Americas                    
                                                   
Balances with central banks   11,260     2,161                 0.0     0.0  
                                                   
Due from banks   2,298     1,594                 0.0     0.0  
                                                   
Loans   31,250     27,894     15       15           0.0     0.0  
                                                   
Guarantees   406     406                 0.0     0.0  
                                                   
Loan commitments   1,214     1,076                 0.0     0.0  
                                                   
Banking products   46,428     33,131     15     0     15     0     0     0     0.0     0.0  
                                                   
Investment Bank                    
                                                   
Balances with central banks   21,049     31,743                 0.0     0.0  
                                                   
Due from banks   14,260     16,397     11     11     2     5         0.1     0.1  
                                                   
Loans   12,646     12,957     412     542     36     71     99     159     3.3     4.2  
                                                   
Guarantees   7,271     6,571     49     52     48     46         0.7     0.8  
                                                   
Loan commitments   50,206     48,999     61     67       1         0.1     0.1  
                                                   
Banking products   105,432     116,666     533     672     85     122     99     159     0.5     0.6  
                                                   
Global Asset Management                    
                                                   
Balances with central banks     155                   0.0  
                                                   
Due from banks   343     317                 0.0     0.0  
                                                   
Loans   91     141                 0.0     0.0  
                                                   
Guarantees                    
                                                   
Loan commitments                    
                                                   
Banking products   433     613     0     0     0     0     0     0     0.0     0.0  
                                                   
Retail & Corporate                    
                                                   
Balances with central banks   2,173     2,205                 0.0     0.0  
                                                   
Due from banks   2,713     3,840     45     9     20     12         1.6     0.2  
                                                   
Loans   137,344     135,320     955     975     464     495     244     246     0.7     0.7  
                                                   
Guarantees   10,042     9,156     27     25     8     26     6     3     0.3     0.3  
                                                   
Loan commitments   6,787     6,735     7     3     8     5       1     0.1     0.0  
                                                   
Banking products   159,059     157,256     1,033     1,012     500     539     251     250     0.6     0.6  
                                                   
Corporate Center                    
                                                   
Balances with central banks   29,224     1,135                 0.0     0.0  
                                                   
Due from banks   599     532                 0.0     0.0  
                                                   
Loans   12,695     16,063     113     572     38     86     74     483     0.9     3.6  
                                                   

of which: related to Legacy Portfolio4

   11,718     16,048     113     572     38     86     74     483     1.0     3.6  
                                                   
Guarantees   12     130       17       15         0.0     13.1  
                                                   
Loan commitments   37     163                 0.0     0.0  
                                                   
Banking products   42,568     18,023     113     589     38     101     74     483     0.3     3.3  
                                                   

1  Excludes allowances for securities borrowed.  2Excludes reclassified securities that are not considered impaired.  3Excludes CHF 114 million collective loan loss allowances (31 December 2011: CHF 131 million).  4  Refer to “Note 29b Reclassification of financial assets” in the “Financial information” section of this report.

Risk, treasury and capital management

lion, decreased 33%16% to CHF 804677 million on 31 December 20112012 from CHF 1,193804 million (excluding collective loan loss allowances of CHF 47131 million) at the end of 2010.2011.

We consider a reclassified security an impaired loan if the carrying value at the balance sheet date is, on a cumulative basis, 5% or more below the carrying value at the reclassification date adjusted for redemptions.

Our gross impaired loan portfolio decreased to CHF 2,1351,550 million as of 31 December 20112012 from CHF 4,172 million.2,135 million at the end of the prior year.

The ratio of the impaired loan portfolio to the total loan portfolio (both measured gross) reduced by half to 0.8%0.6% compared with 1.6%0.8% on 31 December 2010,2011, mainly due to sales of impaired reclassified assets. For loans excluding securities the ratio was 0.6%decreased to 0.5% compared with 0.9%.0.6% in the prior year.

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We reclassified loans and receivables with carrying amounts of CHF 18679 million and CHF 242186 million from impaired to performing during 2012 and 2011, and 2010, respectively. The 2010 number has been corrected from CHF 39 million to CHF 242 million. These reclassifications occurred because the loans had either been renegotiated and the new terms and conditions met normal market criteria for the quality of the obligor and type of loan, or because the financial position of the obligor improved, enabling it to repay any past dueoverdue amounts such that we deemed future principal and interest to be fully collectible in accordance with the original contractual terms.

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Collateral held against our impaired loan portfolio mainly consisted of real estate and securities on 31 December 2011.2012.

It is our policy to dispose of foreclosed real estate as soon as practicable. The carrying amount of foreclosed property recorded

Risk, treasury and capital management

Risk management and control

Allowances and provisions for credit losses1

CHF million, except where indicated

 IFRS exposure,
gross
  Impaired exposure2  Specific allowances and
provisions for credit
losses3
  Estimated liquidation
proceeds of collateral
  Impairment ratio (%) 
As of 31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11  31.12.10 
Group          
                                         
Balances with central banks  38,565    24,459          0.0    0.0  
                                         
Due from banks  23,235    17,158    20    21    17    24      0.1    0.1  
                                         
Loans  267,429    263,964    2,135    4,172    694    1,039    893    2,286    0.8    1.6  
                                         

of which: related to reclassified securities4

  4,996    11,719    450    1,574    68    221    389    1,376    9.0    13.4  
                                         

of which: related to similar acquired securities

  6,524    9,673    95    351    15    52    81    313    1.5    3.6  
                                         

of which: related to other loans

  255,909    242,572    1,589    2,247    611    766    423    597    0.6    0.9  
                                         
Guarantees  18,905    16,535    94    160    87    96    3    7    0.5    1.0  
                                         
Loan commitments  58,192    56,851    70    142    6    34    1    5    0.1    0.2  
                                         
Banking products  406,326    378,967    2,318    4,495    804    1,193    897    2,298    0.6    1.2  
                                         
Investment Bank          
                                         
Balances with central banks  31,743    13,732          0.0    0.0  
                                         
Due from banks  16,592    12,007    11     5       0.1    0.0  
                                         
Loans  29,005    39,392    1,114    2,838    157    348    642    1,926    3.8    7.2  
                                         

of which: related to reclassified securities4

  4,996    11,719    450    1,574    68    221    389    1,376    9.0    13.4  
                                         

of which: related to similar acquired securities

  6,524    9,673    95    351    15    52    81    313    1.5    3.6  
                                         

of which: related to other loans

  17,485    18,000    569    913    74    76    172    237    3.3    5.1  
                                         
Guarantees  6,572    5,536    69    67    61    43      1.1    1.2  
                                         
Loan commitments  49,161    48,509    67    95    1    26      0.1    0.2  
                                         
Banking products  133,073    119,177    1,261    3,000    223    417    642    1,926    0.9    2.5  
                                         
Wealth Management & Swiss Bank          
                                         
Balances with central banks  3,370    10,727          0.0    0.0  
                                         
Due from banks  4,395    2,678    9    21    12    24      0.2    0.8  
                                         
Loans  210,375    201,942    1,020    1,333    537    689    251    360    0.5    0.7  
                                         
Guarantees  11,797    10,505    25    93    26    49    3    7    0.2    0.9  
                                         
Loan commitments  7,955    7,276    3    47    5    8    1    5    0.0    0.6  
                                         
Banking products  237,893    233,128    1,057    1,494    581    770    255    372    0.4    0.6  
                                         
Wealth Management          
                                         
Balances with central banks  1,165    463          0.0    0.0  
                                         
Due from banks  555    456          0.0    0.0  
                                         
Loans  75,056    67,104    45    166    42    126    6    45    0.1    0.2  
                                         
Guarantees  2,641    2,391          0.0    0.0  
                                         
Loan commitments  1,220    983          0.0    0.0  
                                         
Banking products  80,637    71,397    45    166    42    126    6    45    0.1    0.2  
                                         
Retail & Corporate          
                         ��               
Balances with central banks  2,205    10,265          0.0    0.0  
                                         
Due from banks  3,840    2,222    9    21    12    24      0.2    0.9  
                                         
Loans  135,320    134,838    975    1,167    495    563    246    315    0.7    0.9  
                                         
Guarantees  9,156    8,114    25    93    26    49    3    7    0.3    1.1  
                                         
Loan commitments  6,735    6,293    3    47    5    8    1    5    0.0    0.7  
                                         
Banking products  157,256    161,732    1,012    1,328    539    644    250    327    0.6    0.8  
                                         

1  Excludes allowances for securities borrowed.  2   Excludes reclassified securities that are not considered impaired.  3  Excludes CHF 131 million collective loan loss allowances (31 December 2010: CHF 47 million).  4  Refer to “Note 28b Reclassification of financial assets” in the “Financial information” section of this report.

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 Impaired assets by type of financial instrument                      
 

CHF million

  Impaired exposure   Specific allowances,
provisions and CVA
adjustments
  Estimated liquidation
proceeds of collateral
  Net impaired exposure 
     31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11   31.12.10 
 Impaired loans (incl. due from banks)   2,155     4,193     (711)1   (1,064)1   (893  (2,286  551     844  
                                      
 Impaired guarantees and loan commitments   164     301     (93  (130  (4  (12  67     159  
                                      
 Defaulted derivatives contracts   2,143     1,915     (1,457  (1,130    686     785  
                                      
 Defaulted securities financing transactions   3     59     (3  (46   (13   
                                      
 Total   4,465     6,468     (2,263  (2,370  (897  (2,310  1,304     1,788  
                                      
 

1  Excludes CHF 131 million collective loan loss allowances (31 December 2010: CHF 47 million).

  

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in our balance sheet underOther assetsat the end of 20112012 and 20102011 amounted to CHF 5847 million and CHF 9058 million, respectively.

We seek to liquidate collateral held in the form of financial assets expeditiously and at prices considered fair. This may require us to purchase assets for our own account, where permitted by law, pending orderly liquidation.

The table “Impaired assets by type of financial instrument” includes impaired loans, impaired guarantees and loan commitments, guarantees and defaulted derivative and securities financing transactions, which are subject to the same workout and recovery processes. Our impaired assets decreased by CHF 2.0 billion to CHF 4.52.5 billion on 31 December 2011, mainly due to sales2012, largely as a result of legacy loan positions.

trade commutation on monoline exposures. After deducting allocated specific allowances, provisions and CVA of CHF 2.31.1 billion and the estimated liquidation proceeds of collateral of CHF 0.90.4 billion, net impaired assets amounted to CHF 1.30.9 billion as of 31 December 2011.2012.

 

è Refer to “Note 9a9 Due from banks and loans” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

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Impaired assets by type of financial instrument

CHF million

Impaired exposureSpecific allowances,
provisions and CVA
Estimated liquidation
proceeds of collateral
Net impaired exposure
31.12.1231.12.1131.12.1231.12.1131.12.1231.12.1131.12.1231.12.11
Impaired loans (incl. due from banks)1,6052,155(613)1(711)1(437(893555551
Impaired guarantees and loan commitments144164(64(93(6(47367
Defaulted derivatives contracts7162,143(438(1,457278686
Defaulted securities financing transactions23(2(3
Total2,4674,465(1,117(2,263(443(8979061,304

1  Excludes CHF 114 million collective loan loss allowances (31 December 2011: CHF 131 million).

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 Past due but not impaired loans          
 CHF million  31.12.12   31.12.11 
 1–10 days   104     105  
            
 11–30 days   30     54  
            
 31–60 days   44     57  
            
 61–90 days   14     9  
            
 >90 days   793     670  
            
 

of which: mortgage loans

   639     486  
            
 Total   986     895  

Past due but not impaired mortgage loans                   

CHF million

  31.12.12   31.12.11 
    

Total mortgage

exposure

   

of which:

past due > 90 days

but not impaired

   

Total mortgage

exposure

  

of which:

past due > 90 days

but not impaired

 
Total   144,667     639     139,3561   486  
                    

1  Restated prior-year number includes CHF 4,119 million related to Wealth Management and Wealth Management Americas.

  

Past due but not impaired loans

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The table belowabove shows a breakdown of our total loan balances where payments have been missed, but which we do not consider impaired because we expect to collect all amounts due under the full amounts due.contractual terms of the loans or the equivalent value from liquidation of collateral. The loan balances in the table relate entirely to our Wealth Management and Retail & Swiss Bank division,Corporate divisions, where delayed payments are routinely observed. We currently have no past due but not impaired loans in Wealth Management Americas, the Investment Bank.Bank and our Corporate Center – Legacy Portfolio.

The increase in our past due but not impaired loan exposures resulted primarily from a slight growth in the categories 1–60 days. Ourmortgage loans that were past due over 90 days but not impaired loans in the greater-than-90-day category related primarily to mortgage loans. However, ourimpaired. Our overall past due but not impaired levels on mortgage loans were not significant compared with the overall size of the mortgage portfolio.

 

Settlement risk

 

Settlement risk arises in transactions involving exchange of value where we must fulfill our obligation to deliver without first being able to determine with certainty that we will receive the countervalue. We use multilateral and bilateral agreements with counterparties to reduce our actual settlement volumes.

Our most significant source of settlement risk is foreign exchange transactions. UBS is a member of Continuous Linked Settlement, a foreign exchange clearing house which allows transactions to be settled on a delivery-versus-payment basis, thereby significantly reducing foreign exchange-related settlement risk relative to the volume of business.

    The mitigation of settlement risk through Continuous Linked Settlement membership and other means, such as payment netting, does not eliminate our credit risk in foreign exchange transactions resulting from changes in exchange rates prior to settlement. We measure and control such counterparty risk in forward foreign exchange transactions as part of our overall credit risk management of OTC derivatives.

Country risk

Country risk framework

Country risk includes all country-specific events that occur within a sovereign’s jurisdiction and may lead to an impairment of UBS’s exposures. Country risk can take the form of either sovereign risk, which refers to the ability and willingness of a government to honor its financial commitments, or transfer risk, which would arise if an issuer or counterparty could not acquire foreign currencies following a moratorium of a central bank on foreign exchange transfers, or “other” country risk that may manifest itself through increased and multiple counterparty and issuer default risk (systemic risk) on the one hand, and by events that may affect the standing of a country (e.g. political stability, institutional and legal framework) on the other hand. We have a well-established risk control framework through which we assess the risk profile of all countries where we have exposure.

We attribute to each country a sovereign rating, which expresses the probability of the sovereign defaulting on its own financial obligations in foreign currency. Our ratings are expressed by statistically derived default probabilities as described in the “Probability of default” section above. Based on this internal analysis we also define the probability of a transfer event occurring and establish rules as to how the aspects of “other” country risk should be incorporated into the analysis of the counterparty rating of incorporated entities that are domiciled in the respective country.

We ensure that our exposure to all countries is commensurate with the credit ratings we assign to them, and that it is not disproportionate to the respective country risk profile. For all coun-

 

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 Past due but not impaired loans          
  

CHF million

  31.12.11   31.12.10 
 1–10 days   105     62  
            
 11–30 days   54     59  
            
 31–60 days   57     30  
            
 61–90 days   9     20  
            
 > 90 days   670     678  
            
 

of which: mortgage loans

   486     468  
            
 Total   895     849  
             

Past due but not impaired mortgage loans                    

CHF million

  31.12.11   31.12.10 
    

Total mortgage

exposure

   

of which:

past due > 90 days

but not impaired

   

Total mortgage

exposure

   

of which:

past due > 90 days

but not impaired

 
Total   135,237     486     133,343     468  
                     

 

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able to determine with certainty that we will receive the counter-value. We use multilateral and bilateral agreements with counterparties to reduce our actual settlement volumes.

Our most significant source of settlement risk is foreign exchange transactions. UBS is a member of Continuous Linked Settlement, a foreign exchange clearing house which allows transactions to be settled on a delivery-versus-payment basis, thereby significantly reducing foreign exchange-related settlement risk relative to the volume of business.

The mitigation of settlement risk through Continuous Linked Settlement membership and other means, such as payment netting, does not eliminate our credit risk in foreign exchange transactions resulting from changes in exchange rates prior to settlement. We measure and control such counterparty risk in forward foreign exchange transactions as part of our overall credit risk management of OTC derivatives.

Country risk

Country risk is the risk of loss arising from country-specific events. We have a well established country risk control framework to ensure that our exposure to certain countries is commensurate with the credit ratings we assign to them, and that it is not disproportionate to the respective country risk profile.

We assign ratings to all countries where we have exposure. Sovereign ratings express the probability of a country risk event that would lead to impairment of our claims. The default probabilities we use, and our mapping of external ratings of the major rating agencies, are based on our counterparty rating classes as described in the “Probability of default” section above. For all countriestries rated 3 and below we set country risk ceilings, which are approved either by the BoDBoard of Directors or under delegated authority by the Group CEOChief Executive Officer or Group Chief Risk Officer.Officer, depending on the size of the limit and the country rating. A country risk ceiling applies to all our exposures to counterparties or issuers of securities and financial investments in the respective country. We may limit the extension of credit, transactions in traded products or positions in securities based on a country ceiling, even if our exposure to a counterparty is otherwise acceptable.

Losses due to counterparty or issuer defaults resulting from multiple insolvencies (systemic risk) or general prevention or restriction of payments by authorities (transfer risk) are the most significant effects of a country crisis. For internal measurement and control of country risk, we also consider the financial impact of market disruptions arising prior to, during and following a country crisis. These may take the form of a severe deterioration in a country’s debt, and equity or other asset markets and asset prices or of a sharp depreciation of the currency. We use stress testing to assess the potential financial impact of a severe emerging marketscountry and / or sovereign crisis. This involves identifyingthe development of plausible stress scenarios for combined stress testing and the identification of countries that may potentially be subject to a crisis event, determining potential losses and making assumptions about recovery rates depending on the types of credit transactions involved and their economic importance to the affected countries.

Our exposures to market risks are also subject to regular stress tests that cover major global scenarios, which are used for combined stress testing as well, whereby we apply market shock factors to equity indices, interest and currency rates in all relevant countries and consider the potential liquidity of the instruments.

In light of the ongoing European sovereign debt crisis, we increased the monitoring and focus on the quality of collateral we hold.

Country risk exposure

Product categoriesCountry risk exposure measure

The presentation of exposurescountry risk follows our internal risk management view, without recognizing any expected recovery values.

Banking productsare loans (at amortized cost), unfunded loan commitments (notional basis) and financial guarantees (notional basis) and include an immaterial amountwhereby the basis for measurement of available-for-sale debt and equity positions (at fair value).

Traded productsincludeexposures depends on the counterparty risk arising from OTC derivatives and securities financing transactions, presented at net positive replacement value after takingproduct category into account valid master netting agreements.

Trading inventoryincludes securities such as bonds and equities, as well as the risk relating to the underlying reference assets for derivative positions, including those linked to credit protectionwhich we buy or sell. Trading inventory exposures represent the change in fair value, if the value of a security or, in the case of derivatives,

have classified our exposures:

128 

Banking products are loans (at amortized cost), loan commitments (notional basis) and guarantees (notional basis), and include an immaterial amount of available-for-sale debt and equity positions (at fair value).

Traded products include the counterparty risk arising from OTC derivatives and securities financing transactions, presented at net positive replacement value after taking into account valid master netting agreements.

Trading inventory includes securities such as bonds and equities, as well as the risk relating to the underlying reference assets for derivative positions, including those linked to credit protection we buy or sell.


Risk, treasury and capital management

the underlying reference asset, fell instantaneously to zero. As we manage the trading inventory on a net basis, we also net the value of long positions against short positions with the same underlying issuer. This is a conservative approach asNet exposures are, however, floored at zero per issuer in the reported sum of net long exposures per legal entity does

figures presented. We therefore do not recognize the potentially offsetting benefit of certain hedges and short positions across issuers. This

We do not recognize any expected recovery values when reporting country exposures as “Exposure before hedges” except for the risk-reducing effects of master netting agreements and collateral held in the form of either cash or portfolios of diversified marketable securities, which we deduct from the basic positive exposure values. Within banking products and traded products, the risk-reducing effect of any credit protection is especially relevanttaken into account on a notional basis when estimatingdetermining the potential exposure to moves in general country credit spreads.“Net of hedges” exposures.

Country risk exposure allocation methodology

The basis for the presentation of the country exposure from banking products or traded productsIn general, exposures is the domicile allocation used in our internal risk view. In general,are shown against the country of domicile of the legal entity (parent or subsidiary) that is our contractual counterparty determinesor the country against whichissuer of the exposure is shown. For example, a loan to a bank domiciled in country X would be shown against country X, while the exposure to a Y-domiciled subsidiary of that bank would be shown against country Y.

security. For some counterparties whose economic substance in terms of assets or source of revenues is primarily located in a different country, the exposure is allocated to the risk domicile of that different country.

This is the case, for example, with legal entities incorporated in financial offshore centers, which have their main assets and revenue streams outside the country of domicile. The same principle applies to exposures for which we hold third-party guarantees or collateral. In such cases,collateral, where we report the exposure against the country of domicile of either the guarantor or the issuer of the underlying security, or against the country where pledged physical assets are located.

Special rulesWe apply fora specific approach to banking products exposures (money market deposits, loans) to branches of financial institutions which are located in a country other than that of the domicile of the legal entity. In such cases, exposures are recorded in full against the country of domicile of the firm,counterparty and additionally in full against the country in which the branch is located.

For derivative exposures,In the case of derivatives, we show the counterparty risk associated with the positive replacement value against the country of (risk) domicile of the counterparty (presented within traded products.“Traded products”). In addition, we reflect the benefits/liabilities arising from changesrisk associated with the instantaneous fall in fair value of the derivative due to changes in the value of the underlying reference asset within trading inventory, reflected

to zero (assuming no recovery) is shown against the (risk)country of domicile of the legal entity which issuedissuer of the relevant reference asset. asset (presented within “Trading inventory”). This approach ensures that we capture both the counterparty and, where applicable, issuer elements of risk arising from derivatives and applies comprehensively for all derivatives, including single-name CDS and other credit derivatives.

As a basic example: if a CDS protection for a notional value of 100 bought from a counterparty domiciled in country X referencing debt of an issuer domiciled in country Y has a positive replacement value of 20, we record:record (i) the fair value of the CDS (20) against country X (within traded products)“Traded products”) and (ii) the hedge benefit (notional minus fair value) of the CDS (100 – (100–20 = 80) against country Y (within trading inventory)“Trading inventory”). In the example of protection bought, the 80 hedge benefit would offset against any exposure arising from securities held and issued by the same entity as the reference asset, floored at zero per issuer. In the case

149


Risk, treasury and capital management

Risk management and control

Exposures to selected eurozone countries

CHF million

 Total  Banking products
(loans, loan commitments, guarantees)
  Traded products
(counterparty risk from
derivatives and securities financing)
after master netting
agreements and net of
collateral
  Trading inventory
(securities and potential
benefits / remaining
exposure from derivatives)
 
31.12.12      
 
Net of
hedges
  
1 
  

 

Exposure

before hedges

  

  

  
 
Net of
hedges
  
1 
  

 

of which:

unfunded

  

  

  

 

Exposure

before hedges

  

  

  
 
Net of
hedges
  
  
  Net long per issuer  
France  9,990    8,777    3,462    2,403    899    1,817    1,663    4,711  
                                 
Sovereign, agencies and central bank  4,656    4,448    190    103     341    220    4,125  
                                 
Local governments  48    48    10    10     4    4    34  
                                 
Banks  1,719    1,719    1,285    1,285     400    400    33  
                                 
Other2  3,567    2,562    1,976    1,005     1,072    1,038    519  
                                 
Italy  5,897    4,389    1,647    1,065    705    1,973    1,048    2,276  
                                 
Sovereign, agencies and central bank  2,361    1,471    28    28     1,315    424    1,019  
                                 
Local governments  141    141       141    141    0  
                                 
Banks  715    715    438    438     264    264    13  
                                 
Other2  2,679    2,061    1,181    598     253    218    1,244  
                                 
Spain  4,567    3,712    3,325    2,680    101    408    198    834  
                                 
Sovereign, agencies and central bank  180    180    15    15       164  
                                 
Local governments  20    20       14    14    6  
                                 
Banks  2,667    2,667    2,5803   2,580     85    85    2  
                                 
Other2  1,701    846    729    85     310    99    662  
                                 
Austria  2,060    1,927    175    175    54    1,054    920    831  
                                 
Sovereign, agencies and central bank  1,609    1,476    12    12     921    787    676  
                                 
Local governments  11    11       7    7    4  
                                 
Banks  238    238    16    16     120    120    101  
                                 
Other2  202    202    148    148     5    5    49  
                                 
Ireland4  1,391    1,391    399    399    3    855    855    137  
                                 
Sovereign, agencies and central bank  15    15       3    3    12  
                                 
Local governments        
                                 
Banks  441    441    381    381     28    28    32  
                                 
Other2  936    936    18    18     824    824    93  
                                 
Belgium  573    558    103    103    32    391    376    79  
                                 
Sovereign, agencies and central bank  344    329    3 ��  3     316    302    24  
                                 
Local governments  1    1         1  
                                 
Banks  91    91    36    36     44    44    11  
                                 
Other2  137    137    64    64     31    31    42  
                                 
Portugal  160    63    118    22    21    8    8    34  
                                 
Sovereign, agencies and central bank  12    12         12  
                                 
Local governments        
                                 
Banks  31    31    21    21     8    8    2  
                                 
Other2  117    20    97    0     0    0    20  
                                 
Greece  48    48    4    4    3    1    1    43  
                                 
Sovereign, agencies and central bank  35    35    0    0     1    1    34  
                                 
Local governments        
                                 
Banks  0    0    0    0     0    0   
                                 
Other2  12    12    3    3       9  
                                 
Other  212    212    146    146    25    51    51    14  
                                 

1Not deducted are total allowances and provisions of CHF 35 million (of which: Austria CHF 13 million, Malta CHF 8 million and France CHF 7 million).  2Includes corporates, insurance companies and funds.  3The majority of the banking products exposure shown to Spanish banks relates to secured facilities that are collateralized by non-European sovereign debt securities4The majority of the Ireland exposure relates to funds and foreign bank subsidiaries.

Risk, treasury and capital management

of protection sold, this would be reflected as a risk exposure of 80 in addition to any exposure arising from securities held and issued by the same entity as the reference asset.

Country In the case of derivatives referencing a basket of assets, the issuer risk against each reference entity is calculated as the expected change in relationfair value of the derivative given an instantaneous fall in value to securities held within trading inventory is allocated based on our internal risk domicile view. In general,zero of the country of domicile of issuer determines the country against which the exposure is shown. For example, an equitycorresponding reference asset (or assets) issued by a company domiciled inthat entity. Exposures are then aggregated by country X would be shown against country X, independent of the exchange on which it is registered. In some cases where the economic substance of an issuer is primarily located in a different country, or in the case where we hold third-party guarantees, the same principles apply to trading inventory exposures as described above for banking products.

Risk mitigants

The risk-reducing effect of collateral, either in the form of cash or portfolios of diversified marketable securities is taken into account when determining the “Exposure before hedges” in the table “Exposure to selected European countries”.

Within banking products and traded products, the risk-reducing effect of any credit protection is taken into account on a notional basis when determining the “Net of hedges” exposures.across issuers, floored at zero per issuer.

Exposures to selected eurozone countries

We continue to monitor and manage our exposure to peripheral European countries closely, and our direct exposure to Greece, Italy, Ireland, Portugal and Spain remains limited.

In addition to monitoring direct exposure, we actively consider the inter-linkages among eurozone countries and institutions. We monitor and evaluate the policy responses of key EU institutions and the International Monetary Fund. In addition, we evaluate the implications of these developments for a broad range of countries and institutions beyond Europe when calibrating our eurozone-focused stress scenarios and making assumptions about the behavior of a variety of factors, including currencies, GDP, equity markets, consumer price index, corporate spreads, sovereign CDS and interest rates, for a number of key countries and regions. We apply these stress scenarios to our risk portfolios as part of our firm-wide stress testing framework. Furthermore, we subject our OTC exposures with a wide range of counterparties to these stress scenarios to gain an understanding of potential adverse impacts on our counterparty exposures, as well as to help identify so-called wrong-way risks.

The table “Exposures to selected Europeaneurozone countries” includes allprovides an overview of our exposure to eurozone countries rated lower than AAA / Aaa by at least one of the major rating agencies. The overview provides an internal risk view of gross and net exposures split by sovereign, local government,

129


Risk, treasury and capital management

Risk management and control

bank,governments, banks and other counterparties. The “sovereign”sovereign category includes agencies and central banks. Corporates, insurance companies and funds are included withinin the “other”“Other” category. The gross

exposures to Andorra, Cyprus, Estonia, Malta, Monaco, Montenegro, San Marino, Slovakia and Slovenia are grouped into “other”in “Other”.

CDS are primarily bought and totaled CHF 185 million onsold in relation to our trading businesses, but are also used to hedge parts of our risk exposure, including that related to selected eurozone countries. At 31 December 2011.

Exposure2012, and not taking into account the risk-reducing effect of master netting agreements, we had purchased approximately CHF 91 billion gross notional of single name CDS protection on issuers domiciled in Greece, Italy, Ireland, Portugal or Spain (GIIPS) and had sold CHF 88 billion gross notional of single name CDS protection. On a net basis, taking into account the risk reducing effect of master netting agreements, this equates to emerging market countriesapproximately CHF 18 billion notional purchased and CHF 15 billion notional sold. More than 99% of gross protection purchased was from investment grade counterparties (based on internal ratings) and on a collateralized basis. The vast majority of this was from financial institutions domiciled outside the eurozone. Less than CHF 1 billion of the gross protection purchased was from counterparties domiciled in a GIIPS country and less than CHF 0.5 billion was with counterparties domiciled in the same country as the reference entity.

Holding CDS for credit default protection does not necessarily protect the buyer of protection against losses, as the contracts will only pay out under certain scenarios. The table “Emerging markets net exposureeffectiveness of our CDS protection as a hedge of default risk is influenced by major geographical regiona number of factors, including the contractual terms under which the CDS was written. Generally, only the occurrence of a credit event as defined by the CDS terms (which may include among other events, failure to pay, restructuring or bankruptcy) results in a payment under the purchased credit protection contracts. For CDS contracts on sovereign obligations, repudiation can also be deemed as a default event. The determination as to whether a credit event has occurred is made by the relevant International Swaps and product type” shows the five largest emerging market country exposures in each major geographical area by product type on 31 December 2011 compared with 31 December 2010. BasedDerivatives Association (ISDA) determination committees (comprised of various ISDA member firms) based on the main country rating categories, on 31 December 2011, 86%terms of our emerging market country exposures were rated investment grade compared with 87% on 31 December 2010.the CDS and the facts and circumstances surrounding the event.

 

 

Exposures to selected European countriesExposure from single-name credit default swaps referencing Greece, Italy, Ireland, Portugal and Spain

 

CHF million

  Total  Banking products
(loans, unfunded commitments, guarantees)
Net of collateral
   Traded products
(counterparty risk from
derivatives and securities financing)
After master netting
agreements and net of
collateral
   Trading inventory
(securities and potential
benefits/ remaining
exposure from derivatives)
 
31.12.11        
 
Net of
hedges
  
1 
  
 
Exposure
before hedges
  
  
  
 
Net of
hedges
  
1 
  
 
of which:
unfunded
  
  
   
 
Exposure
before hedges
  
  
   
 
Net of
hedges
  
  
   Net long per issuer  
France   11,505     9,861    3,147    1,714    659     3,524     3,312     4,834  
                                      
Sovereign, agencies and central banks   3,732     3,611    73    73      784     663     2,874  
                                      
Local governments   78     78    59    59      1     1     18  
                                      
Banks   1,499     1,499    627    627      730     730     143  
                                      
Other   6,197     4,673    2,389    956      2,009     1,918     1,799  
                                      
Italy   6,993     3,652    1,429    996    544     4,311     1,404     1,252  
                                      
Sovereign, agencies and central banks   3,836     951    4    4      3,832     947     0  
                                      
Local governments   129     113    0    0      89     74     40  
                                      
Banks   1,474     1,467    589    589      156     149     729  
                                      
Other   1,554     1,121    837    403      234     234     484  
                                      
Spain   4,414     3,517    2,692    1,991    168     381     186     1,341  
                                      
Sovereign, agencies and central banks   6     6    5    5      0     0     0  
                                      
Local governments   19     19    0    0      18     18     0  
                                      
Banks   2,084     2,084    1,825    1,825      77     77     182  
                                      
Other   2,305     1,409    861    160      286     91     1,158  
                                      
Austria   1,867     1,586    169    133    84     1,325     1,081     372  
                                      
Sovereign, agencies and central banks   1,104     859    0    0      1,101     857     3  
                                      
Local governments   15     15    0    0      15     15     0  
                                      
Banks   553     553    59    59      178     178     315  
                                      
Other   195     159    110    74      31     31     54  
                                      
Ireland2   1,585     1,584    581    581    30     532     532     471  
                                      
Sovereign, agencies and central banks   0     0    0    0      0     0     0  
                                      
Local governments   0     0    0    0      0     0     0  
                                      
Banks   541     541    429    429      38     38     74  
                                      
Other   1,044     1,043    152    152      495     494     397  
                                      
Belgium   876     841    312    312    35     528     493     36  
                                      
Sovereign, agencies and central banks   443     409    0    0      443     409     0  
                                      
Local governments   0     0    0    0      0     0     0  
                                      
Banks   291     291    227    227      59     59     5  
                                      
Other   141     141    85    85      25     25     31  
                                      
Portugal   363     266    112    15    45     12     12     239  
                                      
Sovereign, agencies and central banks   0     0    0    0      0     0     0  
                                      
Local governments   1     1    0    0      0     0     1  
                                      
Banks   29     29    11    11      4     4     13  
                                      
Other   334     236    101    3      8     8     225  
                                      
Greece   141     104    57    19    18     47     47     38  
                                      
Sovereign, agencies and central banks   37     37    0    0      5     5     32  
                                      
Local governments   0     0    0    0      0     0     0  
                                      
Banks   34     34    19    19      16     16     0  
                                      
Other   70     32    38    0      26     26     6  
                                      
Other   185     185    92    92    9     45     45     49  
                                      

31.12.12

 Protection bought  Protection sold  Net position
(after application of counterparty
master netting agreements)
 

 

 

 

  of which: counterparty
domiciled in GIIPS country
  of which: counterparty
domicile is the same as the
reference entity domicile
  

 

  

 

 
CHF million Notional  RV  Notional  RV  Notional  RV  Notional  RV  Buy
notional
  Sell
notional
  PRV  NRV 

Greece

  1,405    155        (1,388  (162  346    (329  54    (62
                                                 

Italy

  47,884    2,285    550    26    226    3    (46,406  (2,460  8,024    (6,394  365    (539
                                                 

Ireland

  6,363    32    22    0      (6,446  (84  1,442    (1,526  70    (121
                                                 

Portugal

  7,163    387    71    9    7    0    (7,110  (430  1,702    (1,622  124    (167
                                                 

Spain

  27,702    968    289    6    129    4    (26,994  (990  6,355    (5,395  320    (342
                                                 

Total

  90,516    3,828    933    42    362    7    (88,343  (4,126  17,869    (15,266  933    (1,231
                                                 

Risk, treasury and capital management

Risk management and control

Emerging markets net exposure1 by internal UBS country rating category

CHF million  31.12.12   31.12.11 
Investment grade   16,953     19,341  
           
Sub-investment grade   1,428     3,053  
           
Total   18,381     22,394  
           

1Net of credit hedges (for banking products and for traded products); net long per issuer (for trading inventory). Total allowances and provisions of CHF 73 million are not deducted (31 December 2011: CHF 61 million).

Emerging market exposures by major geographical region

CHF million

  Total   Banking products
(loans, loan commitments,
guarantees)
   Traded products
(counterparty risk from derivatives
and securities financing)
after master netting agreements
and net of collateral
   Trading inventory
(securities and potential
benefits /remaining exposure from
derivatives)
 

 

  Net of hedges1   Net of hedges1   Net of hedges   Net long per issuer 
    31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.12   31.12.11 
Emerging Americas   2,498     3,692     707     656     489     791     1,302     2,245  
                                         

Brazil

   1,353     1,538     185     168     305     527     863     842  
                                         

Chile

   322     258     200     154     82     75     40     29  
                                         

Mexico

   214     487     97     125     75     134     43     228  
                                         

Colombia

   192     597     124     122     23     37     44     438  
                                         

Venezuela

   141     226     0     0         141     226  
                                         

Other

   276     586     101     87     4     18     171     482  
                                         
Emerging Asia   11,184     13,671     4,341     5,240     1,846     2,390     4,998     6,041  
                                         

China

   3,163     2,978     838     1,373     245     733     2,080     872  
                                         

India

   2,155     2,620     1,156     1,158     254     172     744     1,290  
                                         

Hong Kong

   1,557     3,048     674     983     510     602     374     1,462  
                                         

South Korea

   1,532     2,037     447     513     462     432     623     1,091  
                                         

Taiwan

   1,072     1,459     299     458     247     310     526     692  
                                         

Other

   1,704     1,529     926     754     127     142     651     634  
                                         
Emerging Europe   1,833     2,500     864     939     247     337     722     1,224  
                                         

Russia

   1,061     905     489     355     174     117     398     433  
                                         

Turkey

   264     843     204     310     23     45     38     488  
                                         

Ukraine

   121     140     37     61     0     0     84     79  
                                         

Hungary

   112     159       3     8     95     104     61  
                                         

Poland

   64     110     18     29     30     52     16     30  
                                         

Other

   210     343     115     182     12     28     83     133  
                                         
Middle East and Africa   2,867     2,531     1,006     1,094     1,105     807     756     630  
                                         

Saudi Arabia

   599     649     107     170     473     438     19     41  
                                         

South Africa

   559     526     114     137     31     61     414     328  
                                         

United Arab Emirates

   525     451     196     214     217     142     112     95  
                                         

Kuwait

   309     104     16     20     293     84     0     0  
                                         

Israel

   299     149     190     85     4     10     105     55  
                                         

Other

   575     652     383     468     86     72     107     111  
                                         
Total   18,381     22,394     6,918     7,929     3,686     4,325     7,777     10,140  
                                         

1Not deducted are total allowances and provisions of CHF 2573 million (of which: Austria(31 December 2011: CHF 15 million and France CHF 861 million).2The majority of the Ireland exposure relates to funds and foreign bank subsidiaries.

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The overall credit and market risk exposure in the Middle East and North Africa remained modest. Of the CHF 2.5 billion shown for the Middle East and Africa in the table below, CHF 2 billion relate specifically to Middle Eastern and North African countries, which includes the larger positions in Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.

Exposure to emerging market countries

The table “Emerging markets net exposure by major geographical region” shows the five largest emerging market country exposures in each major geographical area by product type on 31 December 2012 compared with 31 December 2011. Based on the main country rating categories, on 31 December 2012, 92% of our emerging market country exposure was rated investment grade compared with 86% on 31 December 2011.

 

Debt investments

 

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Debt investments classified according to IFRS asFinancial investments available-for-saleare measured at fair value with changes in fair value recorded through equity, and can be broadly categorized as money market instruments and debt securities primarily held for statutory, regulatory or liquidity reasons. Debt investments available-for-sale may also include non-performing loans purchased in the secondary market by the Investment Bank.

Emerging markets net exposure1 by internal UBS country rating category

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10 
Investment grade   19,341     17,567  
           
Sub-investment grade   3,053     2,521  
           
Total   22,394     20,088  
           

1Net of credit hedges (for banking products and for traded products); net long per issuer (for trading inventory). Total allowances and provisions of CHF 61 million are not deducted (31 December 2010: CHF 40 million).

Emerging market exposures by major geographical region and product type

CHF million

  Total   Banking products
(loans, unfunded commitments,
guarantees)

Net of collateral
   Traded products
(counterparty risk from derivatives
and securities financing)
After master netting agreements
and net of collateral
   Trading inventory
(securities and potential
benefits /remaining exposure from
derivatives)
 

 

  Net of hedges1   Net of hedges1   Net of hedges   Net long per issuer 
As of  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.11   31.12.10 
Emerging Europe   2,500     2,177     939     681     337     178     1,224     1,318  
                                         

Russia

   905     1,090     355     212     117     29     433     849  
                                         

Turkey

   843     249     310     158     45     42     488     49  
                                         

Hungary

   159     318     3     20     95     39     61     259  
                                         

Ukraine

   140     87     61     59     0     0     79     28  
                                         

Poland

   110     156     29     17     52     62     30     77  
                                         

Other

   343     277     182     215     28     6     133     56  
                                         
Emerging Asia   13,671     11,937     5,240     4,905     2,390     2,443     6,041     4,589  
                                         

Hong Kong

   3,048     2,597     983     950     602     565     1,462     1,082  
                                         

China

   2,978     2,267     1,373     1,127     733     605     872     535  
                                         

India

   2,620     2,519     1,158     919     172     32     1,290     1,568  
                                         

South Korea

   2,037     1,495     513     592     432     588     1,091     315  
                                         

Taiwan

   1,459     1,433     458     451     310     343     692     639  
                                         

Other

   1,529     1,626     754     866     142     310     634     450  
                                         
Emerging Americas   3,692     3,387     656     293     791     620     2,245     2,474  

Brazil

   1,538     1,699     168     119     527     471     842     1,109  
                                         

Colombia

   597     61     122     2     37     15     438     44  
                                         

Mexico

   487     951     125     59     134     95     228     797  
                                         

Chile

   258     155     154     42     75     38     29     75  
                                         

Argentina

   233     134     39     31     0     0     194     103  
                                         

Other

   580     387     48     40     18     1     514     346  
                                         
Middle East and Africa   2,531     2,587     1,094     969     807     819     630     799  

Saudi Arabia

   649     606     170     110     438     488     41     8  
                                         

South Africa

   526     589     137     163     61     39     328     387  
                                         

United Arab Emirates

   451     608     214     223     142     130     95     255  
                                         

Israel

   149     214     85     125     10     40     55     49  
                                         

Qatar

   114     26     47     4     32     3     35     19  
                                         

Other

   642     544     441     344     124     119     77     81  
                                         
Total   22,394     20,088     7,929     6,848     4,325     4,060     10,140     9,180  
                                         

1  Not deducted are total allowances and provisions of CHF 61 million (31 December 2010: CHF 40 million).

Risk, treasury and capital management

Risk management and control

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The risk control framework applied to debt instruments classified asFinancial investments available-for-saledepends on the nature of the

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instruments and the purpose for which we hold them. Our exposures may be included in market risk limits or be subject to specific monitoring such as interest rate sensitivity analysis, firm-wide earnings-at-risk, capital-at-risk and combined stress test metrics.

 Composition of debt investments

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Debt financial instruments classified asFinancial investments available-for-saledecreased to were CHF 65.7 billion on 31 December 2012 compared with CHF 52.5 billion on 31 December 2011

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compared with CHF 73.9 billion on 31 December 2010.2011. These instruments primarily comprised highly liquid short-term securities issued by governments and government-controlled institutions. The reduction isincrease was mainly due to the sale of our strategic investment portfolio.an increase in government bills/bonds.

 

è  Refer to “Note 1314 Financial investments available-for-sale” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

è  Refer to the “Non-trading portfolios” section of this report for more information

è  Refer to the “Treasury management” section of this report for more information

 

Risk, treasury and capital management

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Risk, treasury and capital management

Risk management and control

 

Market risk

 

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Market risk is the risk of loss resulting from changes in market variables. There are two broad categories of market variables: general market risk factors and specific components. General market risk factors include interest rates, equity index levels, exchange rates, commodity prices and general credit spreads. The volatility of these risk factors and the correlations between them are also general market risk factors. Specific components relate to the prices of debt and equity instruments, which result from factors and events particular to individual companies or entities.

 

Sources of market risk

 

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We take general and specific market risks both in our trading activities and in some non-trading businesses.

 Trading portfolios

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MostIn 2012, most of our market risk arisesoriginated from the Investment Bank’s trading activities, including the non-core assets that have been transferred to Corporate Center in the Investment Bank, including market-making, facilitatingfirst quarter of 2013 as part of the accelerated implementation of our strategy announced in October 2012. In addition, the Group Treasury function (part of Corporate Center) assumes foreign-exchange and interest-rate risk in connection with its balance sheet, profit and loss and capital management responsibilities. Market risk also arises within our Legacy Portfolio within Corporate Center and our wealth and asset management operations also take limited market risk in relation to client business and associated position-taking in cash and derivative markets for equities, fixed income, interest rates, foreign exchange and commodities.business.

 

Our trading businesses are subject to multiple market risk limits. Traders are required to manage their risks within these limits, which may involve utilizing hedging and risk mitigation strategies. These strategies can expose the firm to additional risks as the hedge instrument and the position being hedged may not always move in parallel (often referred to as basis risk). We also actively manage such basis risks. Management and Risk Control may also give instructions to reduce the risk, even when limits are not exceeded.

 

Our asset management and wealth management businesses carry small trading positions, principally to support client activity. The market risk from these positions is not material to UBS as a whole.

 Non-trading portfolios

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Market risk exposures, primarily general interest rate and foreign exchange risks, may arise from non-trading activities such as retail banking and lending in our wealth management businesses, our retail and corporate banking business in Switzerland, the Investment Bank’s lending businesses and our treasury activities, primarily from funding, balance sheet, liquidity and capital management needs. Equity and certain debt investments can also give rise to specific market risks.

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Non-trading foreign exchange risks are managed under market risk limits, with the exception of Group Treasury management of consolidated capital activity. Non-trading interest rate risk is either managed under market risk limits or subject to specific

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monitoring and is reported in firm-wide earnings-at-risk, capital-at-risk and combined stress testing metrics.

  

è Refer to the “Non-trading portfolios” and “Treasury management” sections of this report for more information

 

Market risk limits

 

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We use a limit framework to control our market risks. We have two major portfolio measures of market risk: value-at-risk (VaR) and stress loss. Both are common to all our business divisions and subject to limits that are approved by the BoD.Board of Directors.

 

In the Investment Bank, these portfolio measures are complemented by concentration and other supplementary limits on portfolios, asset classes and products, and also cover exposures to general market risk factors and single-name risk. Single-name risk (or issuer risk) is a measure of our exposure to the tradable instruments (debt, equity and derivatives) of a single issuer (or issuer group) were that issuer to be subject to a credit event, including default. Our concentration and other supplementary limits take a variety of forms, including values (market or notional) and risk sensitivities, which are measures of exposure to a given risk factor such as interest rates, credit spreads, equity indices, foreign exchange rates or volatilities. These limits take into account the extent of market liquidity and volatility, available operational capacity, valuation uncertainty, and, for our single-name exposures, the credit quality of issuers.

 

Our exposures from security underwriting commitments are subject to the same concentration measures and controls as secondary market positions. Underwriting commitments are approved under delegated risk management and risk control authorities. As such, certain larger or more complex transactions are required to be approved by our Commitment Committee, which includes representatives from both business and control functions.

 

Market risk limits are set for each of the business divisions and Corporate Center. The limit framework in the Investment Bank is more detailed than in the other business divisions, reflecting the nature and magnitude of the risks it takes.

 Trading portfolios
 

For the purposes of our risk disclosure, VaRthe 1-day 95% confidence level value-at-risk (VaR) is used to quantify market risk exposures in our trading portfolios. This measure is also used for internal management purposes and applies to the market risk position population, that group of portfolios for which positions are gen-

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Risk, treasury and capital management

erally marked to market on a daily basis and that are actively managed under market risk trading limits. Any material market risks that arise from positions outside of this population (e.g. the option to acquire equity of the SNB StabFund) are discussed separately either via sensitivity analysis within the “Non-trading portfolios – valuation and sensitivity information by instrument category” section, as part of our disclosure of sensitivity of “Interest rate risk in the banking book”, or by other means for example the composition of equity investments in this section.

 

Value-at-risk definition and limitations

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We use a single VaR model for both internal management purposes and for determining market risk regulatory capital requirements, although the confidence levels and time horizons differ.

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Risk, treasury and capital management

Risk management and control

Our VaR model is approved by FINMA and ongoing significant revisions of our VaR methodology and model are also subject to regulatory approval.

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The model uses historical data coveringVaR is a five-year period and is calibrated to a 1-day 95%statistical measure for our internal management purposes. However, in accordance with Basel 2.5 and FINMA requirements, we use a 1-day 99% VaR for backtesting and a 10-day 99% VaR for determiningof market risk, regulatory capital. representing the market risk losses that could potentially be realized over a set time horizon at an established level of confidence. This assumes no change in the firm’s trading positions over the relevant time period.

We calculate VaR on a daily basis on our end-of-day positions. Our VaR calculation is based on the application of historical changes in market risk factors directly to our current positions – a method known as historical simulation. We use a single VaR model for both internal management purposes and for determining market risk regulatory capital requirements, although the confidence levels and time horizons differ. For internal management purposes we measure VaR at the 95% confidence level using a 1-day holding period. The regulatory measure of risk used to un-

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derpin the market risk capital requirement under the Basel accord, by contrast, requires a measure equivalent to a 99% confidence level and using a 10-day holding horizon.

 

As partOur VaR model is approved by FINMA and significant revisions of a regular updateour VaR methodology and model, certain of time series data used in VaR, an improved source of credit spread time series, based on a more comprehensive coverage population and more closely tracking external benchmark series, was introduced in the third quarter of 2011.which are ongoing, are also subject to regulatory approval.

Value-at-risk limitations

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Actual realized market risk losses may differ from those implied by our VaR.VaR for a variety of reasons. All VaR measures are subject to limitations and must be interpreted accordingly.accordingly and used in conjunction with other risk measures. The limitations of VaR include the following:

 

 

The use of a five-year window means that sudden increases in market volatility will not tend to increase VaR as quickly as the use of shorter historical observation periods, but the impact of

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the increase will impact our VaR for a longer period of time.

 

 

The VaR measure is calibrated to a specified level of confidence and may not indicate potential losses beyond this confidence level.

 

 

The 1-day time horizon in the VaR measure, or 10-day in the case of regulatory VaR, may not fully capture the market risk of positions that cannot be closed out or hedged within the specified period.

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 Group: management value-at-risk (1-day, 95% confidence, 5 years of historical data) by business division and Corporate Center  
 

 

  For the year ended 31.12.12  For the year ended 31.12.11 
 CHF million, except where indicated  Min.   Max.   Average  31.12.12  Min.   Max.   Average  31.12.11 
 Wealth Management   0     0     0    0         0  
                                       
 Wealth Management Americas   1     2     2    2    1     2     1    2  
                                       
 Investment Bank1   15     164     30    15    30     219     75    34  
                                       
 Global Asset Management   0     0     0    0    0     0     0    0  
                                       
 Retail & Corporate   0     0     0    0         0  
                                       
 Corporate Center1   3     17     11    10    4     14     7    4  
                                       
 Diversification effect   2     2     (10  (9  2     2     (7  (4
                                       
 Total management VaR, Group   18     167     33    18    31     222     76    36  
                                       
 Diversification effect (%)       (23  (34      (8  (9
                                       
 

1  The prior period has not been restated for the transfer of legacy positions from the Investment Bank to the Corporate Center.  2As the minimum and maximum occur on different days for different business divisions, it is not meaningful to calculate a portfolio diversification effect.

   

LOGO Group: management value-at-risk (1-day, 95% confidence, 5 years of historical data) by risk type  
 

 

  For the year ended 31.12.12  For the year ended 31.12.11 
 CHF million, except where indicated  Min.   Max.   Average  31.12.12  Min.   Max.   Average  31.12.11 
 Equities   7     160     12    8    10     76     15    13  
                                       
 Interest rates   11     33     19    12    14     35     24    18  
                                       
 Credit spreads   23     42     31    26    29     84     56    29  
                                       
 Foreign exchange   3     13     6    5    3     17     8    5  
                                       
 Energy, metals and commodities   1     7     3    3    2     10     4    3  
                                       
 Diversification effect   1     1     (38  (37  1     1     (31  (32
                                       
 Total management VaR, Group   18     167     33    18    31     222     76    36  
                                       
 Diversification effect (%)       (54  (68      (29  (47
                                       
 

1  As the minimum and maximum occur on different days for different risk types, it is not meaningful to calculate a portfolio diversification effect.

  

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Risk, treasury and capital management

Risk management and control

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In certain cases, VaR calculations approximate the impact of changes in risk factors on the values of positions and portfolios. This may happen because the number of risk factors included in the VaR model is necessarily limited; for example, yield curve risk factors do not exist for all future dates.

 

 

The effect of extreme market movements is subject to estimation errors, which may result from non-linear risk sensitivities, as well as the potential for actual volatility and correlation levels to differ from assumptions implicit in the VaR calculations.

 

We continue to reviewrecognize that no single measure may encompass the performance of our VaR implementation, including a reviewentirety of risks not included in VaR. We will continue to enhance our VaR modelassociated with a position or portfolio. Consequently, we employ a suite of various metrics with both overlapping and

complementary characteristics in order to capture more accurately the relationships between the market risks associated with ourcreate a holistic framework which ensures material completeness of risk positions, as well as the revenue impact of large market movements on particular trading positions.

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 Group: value-at-risk (1-day, 95% confidence, 5 years of historical data)  
  

 

  For the year ended 31.12.11  For the year ended 31.12.10 
 CHF million, except where indicated  Min.  Max.  Average  31.12.11  Min.  Max.  Average  31.12.10 
 Business divisions         
                                   
 Investment Bank   30    219    75    34    42    78    56    68  
                                   
 Wealth Management & Swiss Bank   0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0  
                                   
 Wealth Management Americas   1    2    1    2    1    3    2    1  
                                   
 Global Asset Management   0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0  
                                   
 Corporate Center   4    14    7    4    2    22    8    5  
                                   
 Diversification effect   1    1    (7  (4  1    1    (10  (7
                                   
 Total management VaR, Group   31    222    76    36    42    76    57    68  
                                   
 Diversification effect (%)     (8  (9    (15  (9
                                   
 Total management VaR, Group, excluding the effect of unauthorized trading incident   31    97    60    36      
                                   
 

1  As the minimum and maximum occur on different days for different business divisions, it is not meaningful to calculate a portfolio diversification effect.

  

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 Investment Bank: value-at-risk (1-day, 95% confidence, 5 years of historical data)  
 

 

  For the year ended 31.12.11  For the year ended 31.12.10 
 CHF million, except where indicated  Min.  Max.  Average  31.12.11  Min.  Max.  Average  31.12.10 
 Risk type         
                                   
 Equities   10    205    34    13    11    37    19    17  
                                   
 Interest rates   13    31    23    19    13    44    24    23  
                                   
 Credit spreads   26    83    54    26    42    70    55    59  
                                   
 Foreign exchange   3    17    8    4    2    15    7    6  
                                   
 Energy, metals and commodities   2    10    4    3    2    8    3    7  
                                   
 Diversification effect   1    1    (48  (32  1    1    (51  (43
                                   
 Total management VaR, Investment Bank   30    219    75    34    42    78    56    68  
                                   
 Diversification effect (%)     (39  (49    (48  (39
                            ��      
 

1  As the minimum and maximum occur on different days for different risk types, it is not meaningful to calculate a portfolio diversification effect.

  

Risk, treasuryidentification and capital managementmeasurement.

As a statistical aggregate risk measure, VaR is supplemented by a comprehensive framework of non-statistical measures and corresponding limits. This includes an extensive series of stress tests and scenario analyses that undergo continuous evaluation to ensure that, were an extreme but nevertheless plausible event to occur, the resulting losses would not exceed our appetite for losses.

Furthermore, we have an established framework to identify and quantify potential risks that are not adequately captured by our VaR model.

Starting in the fourth quarter of 2012, this framework is used as the basis for underpinning such risks with regulatory capital by means of a methodology approved by FINMA. The resulting risk-weighted assets (RWA) add-on does not reflect any diversification benefits across risks capitalized through VaR and those subject to this additional capital underpinning. As at 31 December 2012, the add-on amounted to approximately one-third of the sum of RWA from VaR and stressed VaR.

 Value-at-risk developments in 2011

The tables on the previous page show our management VaR for the Group and the Investment Bank. Positional risks relating to the unauthorized trading incident have been included within the summary figures shown and account for the sizable increase in the average and maximum. An additional total row is provided to show the equivalent summary statistics excluding the effects of the unauthorized trading incident.

2012

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The Group’s management VaR decreased to CHF 18 million on 31 December 2012 from CHF 36 million on 31 December 2011 compared with CHF 68 million on 31 December 2010.2011. This significant decrease was mainly due to concerted risk reduction across businesses inactive steps taken by the second half of 2011, in line with our strategy of running a more focused, less complex and capital-intensive Investment Bank but also reflected market conditions prevalent atto reduce trading risks following the endannouncement in October 2012 regarding the accelerated implementation of 2011.our strategy. Average management VaR excludingwas CHF 33 million for 2012 compared with CHF 60 million in 2011 (excluding the effects of the 2011 unauthorized trading incident in the third quarter of 2011 was CHF 60 million for 2011 compared with CHF 57 million in 2010. Creditincident). The main contributors to Group VaR continue to be credit spread risk continuedand, to be one ofa lesser extent, interest rate risk.

In the dominant components of our VaR. Interest rate risk has become an additional significantfourth quarter 2012, we improved the component of our VaR asmodel used to calculate equity price risk by replacing the existing single-factor model with a resultmulti-factor model, which better captures the correlations among equity returns. The effects of this model change on Group management, regulatory and stressed VaR figures, prior to and at the reduced dominancetime of credit spread risk.implementation, were reductions of between 10% and 20%.

 Backtesting

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Backtesting compares 1-day 99% confidence level regulatory VaR calculated foron positions at the close of each business day with the revenues which actually arise ongenerated by those positions on the following business day. Our backtestingBacktesting revenues exclude non-trading revenues, such as fees and commissions, and estimated revenues from intraday trading. A backtesting exception occurs when backtesting revenues are negative and the absolute value of those revenues is greater than the previous day’s VaR.

 

We experienced three backtesting exceptions in 2011 compared withhad one backtesting exception at Group level in 2010. All2012 compared with three exceptions occurred in the third quarter 2011 due to extreme market moves and the unauthorized trading incident.

The chart “Investment Bank: development of backtesting revenues against value-at-risk” shows the 12-month development of 1-day 99% VaR against backtesting revenues in the Investment Bank for the whole year of 2011. The histogram “Investment Bank: all revenue distribution” shows the Investment Bank’s full trading revenues distribution in 2011.

prior year. We investigate all backtesting exceptions and any exceptional revenues on the profit side of the VaR distribution. In addition, we report all backtesting results to senior business management, the Group Chief Risk Officer and the business division Chief divisions’ chief risk officers.

Risk, Officers.treasury and capital management

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Backtesting exceptions are also reported to internal and external auditors and to the relevant regulators.

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Risk, treasury and capital management

Risk management and control

The chart “Group: development of backtesting revenues against value-at-risk” shows the 12-month development of 1-day 99% VaR against backtesting revenues of the Group for the whole year of 2012. The histogram “Investment Bank: all revenue distribution” shows the Investment Bank’s full trading revenues distribution in 2012.

Market risk – stress loss

VaR is supplemented by a comprehensive framework of non-statistical measures and corresponding limits. This includes an extensive series of stress tests and scenario analyses that undergo continuous evaluation to ensure that, were an extreme but nevertheless plausible event to occur, the resulting losses would not exceed our appetite for losses.

Our scenarios capture the liquidity characteristics of different markets, asset classes and positions.

Our market risk stress testing framework is designed to provide a control framework that is forward-looking and responsive to changing market conditions. Our stress scenarios are therefore reviewed regularly in the context of the macroeconomic and geopolitical environment by a committee comprised of representatives from the business divisions, Risk Control and Economic Research. In response to changing market conditions and new developments around the world, we develop and run ad hoc stress scenarios to assess the potential impact on our portfolio.

 

è  Refer to the discussion on stress loss in this section for more information

Non-trading portfolios

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For the purposes of our disclosure, the market risks associated with our non-trading portfolios are quantified using sensitivity analysis. This section includes an aggregate measureoverview of our exposures to interest rate risk in the banking book and additionala description of the valuation of certain significant product categories and related valuation techniques and models. In addition, sensitivity information is provided for certain significant portfolios and positionsinstrument categories that are not included, or not fully captured, in our management VaR or in our interest risk in the banking book table.VaR.

 Interest rate risk in the banking book

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The banking book consists ofAvailable-for-sale instruments,Loans and receivables, certainInstruments designated at fair value through profit or loss, derivatives measured at fair value through profit or loss and derivatives employed for cash flow hedge accounting purposes, as well as related funding transactions. These positions may impact otherOther comprehensive income or profit or loss, due to differences in accounting treatment.

 

All interest rate risk is subject to independent risk control. When not included in our VaR measure, interest rate risk is subject to specific monitoring, which may include interest rate sensitivity analysis, earnings-at-risk, capital-at-risk and combined stress testingtest metrics. Interest rate risk sensitivity figures are provided for the impact of a 1-basis-point parallel increase and the +/–100-basis-points parallel moves in yield curves on present values of future cash flows, irrespective of accounting treatment.

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The interest sensitivity of non-contractual maturity products is modeled using historical behavior patterns from a complete interest rate cycle.

 

Our largest banking book interest rate risk exposures arise primarily from activities such as retail bankingloans and lendingdeposits in our Wealth Management, Retail & Swiss Bank division,Corporate and Wealth Management Americas divisions, as well as our treasury activities, which are mainly hedged.activities.

 

Interest rate risks arising in the majority of Wealth Management and Retail & Swiss BankCorporate locations are transferred either by means of back-to-back transactions or, in the case of products with no contractual maturity date or direct market-linked rate, by “replicating” portfolios from the originating business into one of two centralized interest rate risk management units of Group Treasury or the Investment Bank’s fixed income, currencies and commodities (FICC) unit. These units manage these risks as part of their risk portfolios within their allocated market risk limits and controls, exploiting the netting potential acrosswhere they are netted against interest rate risks from differentother sources.

The Investment Bank’s portfolio of assets Residual interest rate risks in Wealth Management and Retail & Corporate locations that were reclassifiedare not transferred toLoans Group Treasury are managed locally and receivablesfrom Held-for-tradingsubject to independent monitoring and control both in the fourth quar-

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ter of 2008 and the first quarter of 2009, and certain other debt securities heldlocations by local risk control units asLoans and receivables, also give rise to non-trading interest rate risk.

Interest rate risk within Wealth Management Americas arises from the business division’s investment portfolio in addition to its lending and deposit products offered to clients.

This interest rate risk is closely measured, monitored and managed within approved risk limits and controls, taking into account Wealth Management Americas balance sheet items that naturally offset risk.

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The interest sensitivity of non-contractual maturity products is modeled using historical behavior patterns from a complete interest rate cycle. well as centrally by Treasury Risk Control.

 

Group Treasury manages two main types of interest rate risk positions. One type is the risk transferred from Wealth Management and Retail & Swiss Bank’sCorporate banking operations (mentioned above). The other type arises from investing or funding non-monetary corporate balance sheet items that have indefinite lives,maturities, such as equity and goodwill. For these items we havesenior management has defined specific target durations based on which we fund and invest as applicable. These targets are defined by replication portfolios, which establish rolling benchmarks to execute against. The table belowon the next page includes any residual risk in the Group Treasury books against these benchmarks. This activity and associated sensitivities of these replication portfolios are further discussed in the Group Treasury section.

 

In addition to its regular risk management activities, Group Treasury manages portfoliosmay execute transactions that aim to economically hedge negative effects on the firm’sour net interest income stemming from the prolonged period of extraordinarily low yield environment. These activities included our strategicyields, mainly through income-generating fixed receiver swaps.

    Interest rate risk within Wealth Management Americas arises from the business division’s investment portfolio which we sold duringin addition to its lending and deposit products offered to clients. This interest rate risk is closely measured, monitored and managed within approved risk limits and controls, taking into account Wealth Management Americas’ balance sheet items that mutually offset interest rate risk. The Corporate Center Legacy Portfolio assets that were reclassified to Loans and receivables from Held for trading in the thirdfourth quarter of 2011. The sale2008 and the first quarter of this portfolio was the main driver behind the decrease in sensitivity compared with year end 2010.2009, and certain other debt securities held as Loans and receivables, also give rise to nontrading interest rate risk.

 

è  Refer to the “Interest rate and currency management” section of this report for more information

 

The interest rate risk sensitivity figures presented in the table “Interest rate sensitivity – banking book” showsrepresent the impactimpacts of +1, ± 100 and ± 200-basis-point parallel moves in yield curves on present value for an immediate +/–100-basis-points parallel move in yield curves.values of future cash flows, irrespective of accounting

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treatment. For some portfolios, the +1-basis-point sensitivity has been estimated by dividing the +100-basis-point sensitivity by 100. Due to the low level of interest rates, the downward moves by 100 / 200 basis-points sensitivities are cappedfloored at zero to ensure that the resulting interest rates are not negative. This effect, combined with pre-payment risk on US mortgage products, and impact of low interest rates on client deposit behavior, results in non-linearnonlinear behavior of the exposure.

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Impact of a 1-basis-point parallel increase in yield curves on present value of future cash flows1

  

  CHF million  31.12.11  31.12.10 
            
  CHF   (0.7  (0.7
            
  EUR   (1.6  (2.1
            
  GBP   0.1    (2.9
            
  USD   (3.7  (10.7
            
  

Other

   (0.1  (0.3
            
  

Total impact on interest rate-sensitive banking book positions

   (6.0  (16.6
            
  

1  Does not include interest rate sensitivities for CVA on monoline credit protection, US and non-US RLN and our option to acquire equity of the SNB StabFund for which the interest rate sensitivities are separately disclosed. Also not included are the interest rate sensitivities of our inventory of student loan ARS, as from an economic perspective these exposures are not materially affected by parallel shifts in USD interest rates, holding other factors constant.

    

Risk, treasury and capital managementsensitivity.

During the second quarter of 2012, we modified our calculation approach. Client rate durations are no longer assumed to be responsive to the applied instantaneous yield curve changes, with the exception of those products contractually referencing market rates. The figures for 31 December 2011 have been restated to reflect these changes.

 

The impact of an adverse parallel shift in interest rates of 200 basis points on our banking booknon-trading interest rate risk exposures is significantly below the threshold of 20% of eligible regulatory capital set by regulators.

As part of its management of interest rate risk, Group Treasury has managed portfolios that aimed to economically hedge negative effects on the firm’s interest income stemming from the unusually low yield environment, as discussed in the “Interest rate and currency management” section of this report. The risk positions in these portfolios were closed during the third quarter 2012, largely explaining the change in the overall banking book sensitivity profile compared with the prior year-end.

  
 Interest rate sensitivity of available-for-sale debt investments

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Debt financial instrumentsinvestments classified asFinancial investments available-for-sale amounted to CHF 65.7 billion on 31 December 2012 compared with CHF 52.5 billion on 31 December 2011 compared with CHF 73.9 billion on 31 December 2010. From an accounting perspective, the2011. The sensitivity of this positionthese positions (excluding hedges)hedges and excluding investments in

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funds accounted for as available-for-sale) to a 1-basis-point parallel increase in the yields of the respective instruments is approximately negative CHF 68.2 million, which would be posted torecorded in other comprehensive income.income if such change occurred. The interest rate sensitivity of this position including the associated hedges is included within the table “Impact of a 1-basis-point parallel increase in yield curves on present value of future cash flows”“Interest rate sensitivity – banking book”, some elements of which are additionally disclosedincluded in VaR.

  

è  Refer to “Note 1314 Financial investments available-for-sale” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

  

è  Refer to “Debt investments” in the “Credit risk” section of this report for more information

  
 Interest rate sensitivity of interest rate swaps designated in cash flow hedges

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ToFair value gains or losses associated with the extent effective portion of interest rate swaps designated inas cash flow hedges for cash flow repricing risk are accounted for at fair value through equity under IFRS. Amounts deferredrecognized initially in equity are released toEquity. When the income statementhedged forecast cash flows affect profit or loss, the associated gains or losses on the occurrence of the underlying hedged interest cash flows.hedging derivatives are reclassified fromEquity to profit or loss. Interest rate swaps designated in cash flow hedges are denominated in US dollar, euro, British pound, Swiss franc and Canadian dollar. As of 31 December 2011,2012, the fair value of these interest rate swaps amounted to CHF 7.57.8 billion (positive replacement values) and CHF 3.63.0 billion (negative replacement values). The impact on other comprehensive income under IFRS of a 1-basis-point increase of underlying LIBOR curves would have decreased equity by approximately CHF 2523.7 million. This estimate excludes economically offsetting positions andThe interest rate sensitivity of these swaps is included in the above table on interestbelow “Interest rate sensitivitiessensitivity – banking book” some elements of which are additionally included in the banking book, together with hedge and funding effects that are partially offsetting.VaR disclosure.

LOGO Interest rate sensitivity – banking book1     
 CHF million  31.12.12 
     –200 bps  –100 bps  +1 bp  +100 bps  +200 bps 
 CHF   (22.4  (13.4  (0.3  (27.5  (51.0
                       
 EUR   21.0    13.3    (0.5  (48.5  (94.1
                       
 GBP   (0.5  2.3    (0.1  (14.3  (29.5
                       
 USD   (197.3  (138.3  4.1    412.6    793.7  
                       
 Other   (8.3  (10.5  0.2    20.2    40.3  
                       
 Total impact on interest rate-sensitive banking book positions   (207.4  (146.7  3.3    342.5    659.4  
       
  CHF million  31.12.11 
     –200 bps  –100 bps  +1 bp  +100 bps  +200 bps 
 CHF   14.3    17.5    (0.7  (66.9  (130.2
                       
 EUR   316.8    169.6    (1.6  (160.3  (314.1
                       
 GBP   (6.9  (9.4  0.1    13.2    25.6  
                       
 USD   153.5    117.3    (1.6  (157.0  (385.4
                       
 Other   17.2    3.5    (0.2  (13.4  (25.2
                       
 Total impact on interest rate-sensitive banking book positions   494.9    298.5    (4.0  (384.2  (829.3
                       
 

1  Does not include interest rate sensitivities for credit valuation adjustments on monoline credit protection, US and non-US reference-linked notes and the option to acquire equity of the SNB StabFund for which the interest rate sensitivities are separately disclosed. Also not included are the interest rate sensitivities of our inventory of student loan auction rate securities, as from an economic perspective these exposures are not materially affected by parallel shifts in US dollar interest rates, holding other factors constant.

    

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 Non-trading portfolios – valuation and sensitivity information by instrument category
  

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This section includes a description of the valuation of certain significant product categories and related valuation techniques and models. In addition, sensitivity information is provided for certain significant instrument categories that are excluded from management VaR and the interest rate risk in the banking book as disclosed in the “Risk and treasury management” section of this report. Numbers are stated in US dollar, with the Swiss franc equivalent shown in brackets for comparative purposes.

 Credit valuation adjustments on monoline credit protection

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Included withinin our residual risk positionsLegacy Portfolio are negative basis trades whereby we purchased credit default swapswaps (CDS) protection from monolinesmonoline insurers against UBS-held underlyings, including residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS) collateralized debt obligations (CDO) and commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS) CDO, transactions with collateralized loan obligations (CLO) and asset-backed securities (ABS) CDO. Since the start of the financial crisis, the credit valuation adjustments (CVA) relating to these monoline exposures have been a source of valuation uncertainty, given market illiquidity and the contractual terms of these exposures relative to other monoline-related instruments.

 

CVA amounts related to monoline credit protection are based on a methodology that uses CDS spreads on the monolines as a key input in determining an implied level of expected loss. Where a monoline has no observable CDS spread, a judgment is made on the most comparable monoline or combination of monolines, and the corresponding spreads are used instead. For RMBS CDO, CMBS CDO and collateralized loan obligationsCLO asset categories, cash flow projections are used in conjunction with current fair values of the underlying assets to provide estimates of expected future exposure levels. For other asset categories, future exposure is derived from current exposure levels.

 

To assess the sensitivity of the monoline CVA calculation to alternative assumptions, the impact of a 10% increase in monoline credit default swapsCDS spreads (e.g. from 1,000 basis points to 1,100 basis points for a specific monoline) was considered. On 31 December 2011,2012, such an increase would have resulted in ana USD 15 million (CHF 13 million) increase in the reported monoline CVA of approximatelycompared with USD 39 million (CHF 37 million) compared with USD 45 million (CHF 42 million) on 31 December 2010. After taking into account the impact of the potential commutation transaction discussed in “Note 32 Events after the reporting period” in the “Financial information” section, this sensitivity reduces from USD 39 million (CHF 37 million) to USD 33 million (CHF 31 million), respectively.2011.

Interest rate sensitivity – banking book1     
CHF million  31.12.11 
    –100 bps  +100 bps 
CHF   17.5    (66.9
          
EUR   169.6    (160.3
          
GBP   (9.4  13.2  
          
USD   (105.5  (364.9
          
Other   (7.2  (5.5
          
Total impact on interest rate-sensitive banking book positions   65.0    (584.3
          

1Does not include interest rate sensitivities for CVA on monoline credit protection, US and non-US RLN and our option to acquire equity of the SNB StabFund for which the interest rate sensitivities are separately disclosed. Also not included are the interest rate sensitivities of our inventory of student loan ARS, as from an economic perspective these exposures are not materially affected by parallel shifts in USD interest rates, holding other factors constant.

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Risk management and control

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The sensitivity of the monoline CVA to a decrease of one1 percentage point in the monoline recovery rate assumptions (e.g. from 30% to 29% for a specific monoline, conditional on default occurring) wasis estimated to result in an increase ofthe reported figures by approximately USD 3 million (CHF 2 million) compared with USD 11 million (CHF 10 million) in the CVA, compared with USD 9 million (CHF 8 million) on 31 December 2010. After taking into account the impact of the potential commutation transaction discussed in “Note 32 Events after the reporting period” in the “Financial information” section, this sensitivity reduces from USD 11 million (CHF 10 million) to USD 3 million (CHF 3 million), respectively.2011. The sensitivity to credit spreads and recovery rates is substantially linear.

  
 

US reference-linked notes

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The US reference-linked notes (RLN) consist of a series of transactions whereby UBS purchased credit protection, predominantly in note form, on a notional portfolio of fixed income assets. The referenced assets are comprised of USD asset-backed securities. These are primarily CMBS and subprime RMBS and/or corporate bonds and loans across all rating categories. While the assets in the portfolio are marked to market,marked-to-market, the credit protection embeddedembodied in the RLN is fair valued using a market standard approach to the valuation of portfolio credit protection (Gaussian copula). This approach is intended to effectively simulate correlated defaults within the portfolio, where the expected losses and defaults of the individual assets are closely linked to the observed market prices (spread levels)

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of those assets. Key assumptions of the model include correlations and recovery rates. We apply fair value adjustments related to potential uncertainty in each of these parameters, which are only partly observable. In addition, we apply fair value adjustments for uncertainties associated with the use of observed spread levels as the primary inputs. These fair value adjustments are calculated by applying shocks to the relevant parameters and revaluing the credit protection. These shocks for correlation, recovery and spreads are set to various levels depending on the asset type and/or region and may vary over time depending on the best judgment of the relevant trading and control personnel. Correlation and recovery shocks are generally in the reasonably possible range of 5 to 15 percentage points. Spread shocks vary more widely and depend on whether the underlying protection is funded or unfunded to reflect cash or synthetic basis effects. These fair value adjustments may also be considered a measurement of sensitivity.

 

    On 31 December 2011,2012, the fair value of the US RLN credit protection was approximatelyUSD 120 million (CHF 110 million) including adjustments described above of USD 11 million (CHF 10 million). This compares with USD 319 million (CHF 299 million) compared with USD 629 million (CHF 588 million) on 31 December 2010. The reduction in protection value was due to the reduction2011, which included an adjustment of notional of the notes primarily due to writedowns of the reference assets across the RLN deals. This fair value included fair value adjustments which were calculated by applying the shocks described above of approximately USD 22 million (CHF 21 million). This compared with USD 31 million (CHF 29 million) on 31 December 2010. The reduction in the fair value adjustments may also be considered a measurement of sensitivity.was largely due to writedowns in the reference pool assets which led to reductions in the notional exposure and corresponding fair values changes.

  
 Non-US reference-linked notes

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The same valuation model and the same approach to the calculation of fair value adjustments are applied to the non-US RLN credit protection and the US RLN credit protection as described above, except that the spread is shocked by 10% for European corporate names.

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On 31 December 2011,2012, the fair value of the non-US RLN credit protection was approximatelyUSD 214 million (CHF 195 million) including adjustments of USD 42 million (CHF 39 million). This compares with a fair value of USD 468 million (CHF 439 million) compared with USD 660 million (CHF 616 million) on 31 December 2010. This fair value2011, which included fair value adjustments which were calculated by applying the shocks described above of approximately USD 46 million (CHF 43 million) compared with USD 72 million (CHF 67 million) on 31 December 2010. This adjustment may also be considered a measurement. The reduction of sensitivity.the fair value exposure was mainly due to mark-to-market changes and buybacks.

  
 Option to acquire equity of the SNB StabFund

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Our call option to purchase the SNB StabFund’s equity is recognized on the balance sheet as a derivative at fair value (positive(positive replacement values)values) with changes to fair value recognized in profit or loss. On 31 December 2011,2012, the fair value (after adjustments) of the call option held by UBS(after reserves) was approximatelyUSD 2,297 million (CHF 2,103 million). This compares with USD 1,736 million (CHF 1,629 million) compared with USD 1,906 million (CHF 1,781 million) on 31 December 2010.2011. The declineincrease in the value of the option reflected lower forecast cash flows and increased risk premia foris primarily attributable to an increase in the fund’smarket value of the underlying SNB StabFund assets.

 

The option valuation model incorporatesutilizes cash flow projections for all assets within the fundSNB StabFund across various economic scenarios. ItThis model is calibrated to market levels by setting the spread above the one-month LiborLIBOR rates used to discount future cash

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flows, such that the model-generated price of the underlying asset pool equals our assessed fair value of the asset pool. The model incorporates a model reserve (fair value adjustment) to address potentialthe inherent valuation uncertainty in this calibration.associated with the forecasting process. On 31 December 2011,2012, this adjustment was USD 173 million (CHF 158 million) compared with USD 131 million (CHF 123 million) compared with USD 250 million (CHF 234 million) on 31 December 2010. The decline in the reserve amount reflects greater convergence of valuations across the scenarios, consistent with lesser dependence of the valuation on projections of future cash flows2011.

 

On 31 December 2011,2012, a 100-basis-point increase in the discount rate would have decreased the option value by approximatelyUSD 181 million (CHF 166 million) compared with USD 139 million (CHF 130 million) compared with USD 167 million (CHF 156 million) on 31 December 2010; and a2011. A 100-basis-point decrease would have increased the option value by approximately USD 201 million (CHF 184 million) compared with USD 155 million (CHF 145 million) compared with USD 188 million (CHF 176 million).

Market risk – stress loss

To complement VaR and other measures of market risk, we run macro stress scenarios, combining various market moves to reflect the most common types of potential stress events, as well as more targeted stress tests for our concentrated exposures and vulnerable portfolios. Targeted stress tests are typically applied to specific asset classes or to specific markets and products. We continued to enhance our market risk stress framework in 2011, in order to increase the scope and detail of the analysis. Our scenarios capture the liquidity characteristics of different markets, asset classes and positions.

Our market risk stress testing framework is designed to provide a control framework that is forward-looking and responsive to

Risk, treasury and capital management

changing market conditions. Our stress scenarios are therefore reviewed regularly in the context of the macroeconomic and geopolitical environment by a committee comprised of representatives from the business divisions, Risk Control and Economic Research. In response to changing market conditions and new developments around the world, we develop and run ad hoc stress scenarios to assess the potential impact on our portfolio.

è  Refer to the discussion on stress loss in this section for more information31 December 2011.

  
 Equity investments
  

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Under IFRS, equity investments not in the trading book may be classified asFinancial investments available-for-sale, Financial assets designated at fair value through profit or loss orInvestments in associates.associates.

 

We may make direct investments in a variety of entities or buy equity holdings in both listed and unlisted companies for a variety of purposes, including revenue generation or as part of strategic initiatives. Other investments, such as exchange and clearing house memberships, are held to support our business activities. We may also make investments in funds that we manage, in order to fund or “seed” them at inception, or to demonstrate that our interests concur with those of investors. We also buy, and are sometimes required by agreement to buy, securities and units from funds that we have sold to clients. These may include purchases of illiquid assets such as interests in hedge funds.

We may make direct investments in a variety of entities or buy equity holdings in both listed and unlisted companies, if such investments are illiquid. The fair value of equity investments tends to be dominated by factors specific to the individual stocks, and our equity investments are generally intended to be held for the medium or long term and may be subject to lockup agreements. For these reasons, we generally do not control these exposures using the market risk measures applied to trading activities. Such

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equity investments are, however, subject to a different range of controls, including pre-approval of new investments by business management and Risk Control and regular monitoring and reporting. They are also included in our firm-wide earnings-at-risk, capital-at-risk and combined stress testing metrics.test frameworks.

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Investments made as part of an ongoing business are also subject to our standard controls, including portfolio and concentration limits. Seed money and co-investments in UBS-managed funds made by Global Asset Management are, for example, subject to a portfolio limit. All investments must be approved by delegated authorities and are monitored and reported to senior management.

  
 Composition of equity investments

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On 31 December 2011,2012, we held equity investments totaling CHF 2.21.6 billion, of which CHF 0.7 billion were classified asFinancial investments available-for-sale,, and CHF 0.9 billion asInvestments in associates.

This compares with 31 December 2011, when we held equity investments totaling CHF 1.5 billion, of which CHF 0.7 billion were classified asFinancial assets designated at fair valueinvestments available-for-sale and CHF 0.8 billion asInvestments in associates.

This compares with 31 December 2010, when we held equity investments totaling CHF 2.6 billion, of which CHF 0.9 billion classified asfinancial investments available-for-sale, CHF 0.9 billion asfinancial assets designated at fair value and CHF 0.8 billion as investments in associates.

The vast majority of the CHF 0.7 billion ofFinancial assets designated at fair value represented the assets of trust entities associated with employee compensation schemes. They are broadly offset by liabilities to plan participants included inOther liabilities. The equivalent positions on 31 December 2010 amounted to CHF 0.9 billion.

  

è Refer to “Note 12 Financial assets designated at fair value”, “Note 1314 Financial investments available-for-sale” and “Note 1415 Investments in associates” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Treasury risk control

Treasury assumes risks in the process of managing interest rate and structural foreign exchange risks and the funding and liquidity profile of the bank. Our treasury risk control function applies a holistic risk framework which sets the appetite for treasury-related risk-taking activities across the firm. This ensures that the risks remain within parameters defined by the Board of Directors (BoD) and the Group Asset and Liability Management Committee. A key element of the framework is an overarching economic value sensitivity limit, set by the BoD. This limit is linked to the level of Basel III common equity tier 1 capital (CET1) and takes into account risks arising from interest rates, foreign exchange and credit spread risks. In addition, the sensitivity of Net interest income to changes in interest rates is monitored against targets set by the Group Chief Executive Officer in order to analyze the outlook and volatility of Net interest income based on market expected interest rates. Limits are also set by the BoD to balance the impact of foreign exchange movements on our common equity and tier 1 ratio.

 

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Operational risk

 

Operational risk is the risk resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, human error and systems failure, or from external causes (deliberate, accidental or natural). Such events may cause direct financial losses or manifest themselves indirectly as revenue forgone due to the suspension of business. They may also result in damage to our reputation and to our franchise, causingleading to longer-term financial implications.

Operational risk is an inevitable consequence of being in business, and managing it is a core element of our business activities.

It is not possible to eliminate every source of operational risk, but our Our aim is to provide a framework that supports the identification and assessment of all material operational risks and their potential concentrations in order to achieve an appropriate balance between risk and return.reward. We seek to developfoster a strong firm-wide risk-consciousrisk and control culture, where all employees identify, discuss, managewhich is a pre-requisite for sustainable and remediate potential and actual operational risks.improved performance.

Organizational structure and governance

The business division Chief Executive Officers and the Corporate Center function heads are ultimately accountable for the effectiveness of operational risk management and implementation of our operational risk framework. Responsibility for the required framework.

front-to-back control environment in the business divisions is the responsibility of the respective business divisions’ Chief Executive Officers but is delegated to the respective business divisions’ Chief Operating Officers. Management in all functions (business, logistics and control functions) is responsible for establishing an appropriate operational risk management environment, including the establishment and maintenance of robust internal controls, effective supervision and a strong risk culture. Controls must be regularly assessed, utilizing both positive and negative evidence to confirm design and operating effectiveness.

Operational risk control provides an independent and objective view on whetherthe adequacy of operational risk management is adequately managing material operational risk.in the firm. It is governed by the Operational Risk Management Committee, which is chaired by the Global Head of Operational Risk Control, who reports to the Group Chief Risk Officer and is a member of the Risk Executive Committee. The Operational Risk Management Committee oversees operational risk forumsactivities and work streams, ensures oversight of the implementation of the operational risk framework, and provides an effective and independent assessment of the operational risk profile.

Operational risk framework

The operational risk framework describes general requirements for managing and controlling operational risk at UBS. This framework was significantly enhanced in 2011, and theThe implementation process remains ongoing. The major elements of the enhanced operational risk framework are described below and areremained a key focus during 2012. The framework is built on four main pillars:

1.

IdentificationClassification of inherent risks through the operational risk taxonomy

2.

Assessment of the design and operating effectiveness of controls through the internal control assessment process

3.

Assessment of residual risk through the operational risk assessment process

4.

Remediation to address identified deficiencies which are outside accepted levels of residual risk

The operational risk taxonomy defines the universe of inherent operational risks that arise as a consequence of our business activities. It provides a clear and logical classification of our inherent operational risk and facilitates a common understanding of operational riskrisks across all business divisions. The operational risk framework requires that for each elementcategory of the operational risk taxonomy, core controls are defined which are linked to key procedural controls within the organization. The completeness of core controls can be tested using scenarios through which the inherent risk, including stress and tail risk, may materialize.

defined. Core controls are the critical controls that, if designed and operating effectively, will materially ensure that our operational risk profile stays within acceptable boundaries. The completeness of core controls is tested using scenarios through which the inherent risk, including stress and tail risk, may materialize. Functions are required to identify key procedural controls relevant to their activities that support the core controls. These key procedural controls are a main aspect of the functional control environment enabling functions to control their assigned roles and responsibilities. Full implementation and integration of scenarios, core and key procedural controls will leadand their periodic review is key to ensuring a complete hierarchycomprehensive view of the residual risk in the organization. The periodic review is achieved through a quarterly internal control from firm-wide inherent risk (operational risk taxonomy)assessment process that requires functions to functionally operatedassess and evidence operating and design effectiveness of their key procedural controls. This also forms the basis for the assessment and testing of controls over financial reporting as required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, Section 404 (SOX 404). The unauthorized trading incident announced in September 2011 has given added impetus toenhanced framework facilitates the implementationidentification of the revised operational risk framework, specifically the need to finalize the work on definitionSOX 404 relevant controls for independent testing and functional assessments, gathering of core controls, linkage to key procedural controlsevidence, management affirmation and implementation of quarterly positive evidence based assessment of control operation.

remediation tracking. Significant control deficiencies surfaced during the operational risk assessment of the design and operational effectiveness of key procedural controls (ICAP)process must be reported in the operational risk inventory and sustainable remediation instigated. All significant issues are assigned to owners at senior management level and must be reflected in the respective employees’ annual performance measurement and management objectives and evaluation to ensure effective remediation.

The aggregated impact of the control deficiencies and the adequacy of remediation efforts are assessed by operational risk control for all relevant operational risk taxonomy categories as part of the operational risk assessment process. This front-to-back process, complemented with internal expert opinion, provides a transparent assessment of the current operational risk exposure or residual operational risk. We are currently working to determine the acceptable levels offor residual operational risk for each operational risk taxonomy category. The resulting operationalagainst agreed risk appetite statements and measures.

Risk appetite measures indicate a breach of appetite limits, which requires management to adapt their business activities or adjust the internal control environment accordingly. Risk appetite

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Risk management and control

can be expressed through the establishment of quantitative constraints such as operating limits or qualitative statements in

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the form of policies. WhereIn the residualthird quarter of 2012, Group Internal Audit implemented an enhanced assurance process for issue closure to promote stronger management discipline for identifying, mitigating and sustainably remediating risk control issues. To assist with prioritization of all known operational risk exceeds ourissues irrespective of origin, a common rating methodology was adopted by all internal control functions and both internal and external audit. Assessment of all known issues irrespective of source against the same rating scale supports clear prioritization and appropriate management focus on the key issues. An operational risk appetite, management must adapt its business activities or adjustcommunications program was launched in July 2012 to reemphasize the internalimportance of a strong risk control environment accordingly.culture and individual responsibility across all levels of the firm to generate sustainable financial performance.

TheReporting of significant risk issues and operational effectiveness was extended and strengthened through 2012. Where a particular operational risk assessment process also holds management accountable for timely, sufficient and, above all, sustainable remediation. To assessissue is considered of strategic concern to the overall operational risk management performance across UBS and provide effective management incentives, quarterly operational risk performance metricsfirm it is categorized as a ‘Group Significant Operational Risk Issue’. Remediation programs related to these issues are produced, which focus on unidentified control deficiencies and insufficient remediation performance.

The assessment processes described above culminate in regular and substantial reporting to various stakeholders and governance bodiesled by members of operational risk exposure against the appetite for each operational risk taxonomy category. Financial and non-financial events considered to be the crystallization of existing operational risk are also considered for risk assessment and reporting purposes. Our Group Executive Board and is subject to independent quality assurance. Completion is assessed against clearly defined success criteria to confirm that an adequate and sustainable standard of control has been achieved. The Group Executive Board of Directors Riskmembers have confirmed their personal and Audit Committees reporting was extended in 2011collective commitment to include reportingthe timely and sustainable remediation of operational risk performance metrics and Group Significant Operational Risk Issues.

Remediation of known issues and control deficiencies is a focus of the operational risk framework. In 2012 material progress was made in relation to a number of key remediation activities.

The Investment Bank’s unauthorized trading incident (UTI) remediation programme is running to plan and the key issues have been remediated, with all remaining items on plan for implementation by the second quarter 2013. A series of immediate remediation steps were

taken, including senior management changes and the remediation of the SOX material weakness.

On 19 December 2012, UBS entered into regulatory settlements concerning LIBOR and other benchmark interest rates. On the same day FINMA issued an order concluding proceedings against UBS concerning the same issues. These settlements and the FINMA order required UBS to pay a total of approximately CHF 1.4 billion in fines and disgorgement. The conduct encompassed by the regulatory settlements and order includes certain UBS personnel engaging in efforts to manipulate submissions for certain benchmark rates to benefit trading positions, colluding with employees at other banks and cash brokers to influence certain benchmark rates to benefit their trading positions, and giving inappropriate directions to UBS submitters. We have undertaken remedial steps that are issues which havedesigned to guard against a recurrence of this conduct, such as strengthening our benchmark submission process, making organizational changes that include transferring responsibility for that process principally to Group Treasury within the largest risk impact on UBS or a high degree of regulatory focusCorporate Center, and therefore require prioritizationenhancing applicable policies and sponsorship at the top hierarchical level.procedures.

Operational risk quantification

The enhanced operational risk framework is aligned to an efficientthe calculation of capital, calculation which representsrepresenting a major step forward in our approach to quantifying operational risk and setting effective management incentives. The processes detailed above are integral to the quantification of operational risk reinforcing integration and integrationalignment of the operational risk framework and the capital calculation.calculation of capital.

We measure operational risk exposure and calculate operational risk regulatory capital by utilizing the advanced measurement approach (AMA) in accordance with FINMA requirements. For regulated subsidiaries, the basic indicator or standardized approaches are adopted as agreed with local regulators.

Following the unauthorized trading incident an ad-hoc review of the relevant AMA category was completed and this led to an increase of operational risk RWA of CHF 9.5 billion, which was implemented in the fourth quarter of 2011.

Risk, treasury and capital management

Advanced measurement approach model

The AMA model hasis a hybrid consisting of two main components. The historical component is a retrospective view based on our history of operational risk losses since January 2002, excluding extreme internal losses, which are assigned to the scenario component to avoid duplication. The key assumption within this component is that past events form a reasonable proxy for future events. A distribution of aggregated losses over one year is derived by modellingmodeling severities and frequencies separately and then combining them. Therefore, itThis is referred to as a loss distribution approach. Itapproach and is used to project future total losses based on historical experience and determine the expected loss portion of our capital requirement.

The scenario component is a forward-looking view of potential operational losses that may occur based on the operational risk issues facing the bank. The intentaim is to reach a reasonable estimate of unexpected

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or tail loss exposure (corresponding to a low frequency/high severity event). We use 20twenty AMA taxonomy categories and forwhich are closely aligned to the operational risk taxonomy. For each of these categories three frequency/severity pairs are defined, representing the base, stress and worst cases.case. Calibration is based on internal extreme losses, loss data from 99 peer banks, business environment and internal control factors, as well as extensive annual verification by internal subject matter experts based on their view of our particular exposure to these risk taxonomies. The following chart provides a high-level overview of the model components and their respective inputs into the calculation:

OurThe AMA model adds the sampled losses from the historical and the scenario component to derive the regulatory capital figure which equals the 99.9% quantile of the overall loss distribution. Currently, we do not reflect mitigation through insurance or any other risk transfer mechanism in our AMA model.

InFollowing qualitative and quantitative model-related enhancements, in 2012 we focused on further strengthening the courseintegration of 2010 and 2011,the output of the operational risk framework into the AMA model was further enhanced by improving datato ensure efficient leverage of operational risk management and control processes. The AMA taxonomy categories used in the scenario component have been aligned with the operational risk taxonomy. Qualitative adjustments to the parameters of the scenario component utilize the assessments of operational risk exposure resulting from the operational risk assessment process as well as control deficiencies, scenarios and core controls.

Operational risk regulatory capital is allocated to the business divisions based on historical operational risk-related losses. In 2013 we will focus on enhancing the allocation approach to strengthen the linkage between the quality removingof operational risk management and the remaining duplication between components, reviewing data-dependenciesresulting capital allocation with the aim of promoting and by improving/wideningincentivizing excellence in risk management behavior. Increased leverage of available qualitative indicators and elements will play an integral role for capital allocation purposes and increase the userisk sensitivity of subject matter experts for taxonomy assessments.the capital allocation approach overall.

 è 

Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information on the development of risk-weighted assets for operational risk

è

Refer to the “Certain items affecting our results in 2011” sidebar in the “UBS results” section of this report for more information on the unauthorized trading incident

 

Risk, treasury and capital management

Treasury management

 

Treasury management

Group Treasury oversees the balance sheet and the usage of our critical financial resources includingresources. Included in Group Treasury’s mandate is responsibility for managing the capital, liquidity, and funding.funding position of the firm. Additionally, Group Treasury manages key portions of these resources, including interest rate, currency and currencycounterparty risks arisingthat arise from franchise, balance sheet and capital management activities.

 

LiquidityTreasury management

In 2011, we continued to maintainThe responsibility for performing treasury activities was evaluated and then reorganized in 2012. Previously, Group Treasury primarily performed a sound liquidity position and a diversified portfolio of funding sources, despite the significant market volatility caused by uncertainties regarding the global macroeconomic environment, including European fiscal and sovereign debt concerns and the potential impact of financial regulatory reforms. We manage our liquidity position to provide adequate time and financial flexibility to respond to a UBS-specific liquidity crisis in a generally stressed market environment. On 31 December 2011, our provisional net stable funding ratio and liquidity coverage ratio remained generally in line with the minimum Basel III requirements.

Funding management

Our funding activities are planned after analyzing the overallgovernance role that included forecasting capital, liquidity and funding profilerequirements and establishing and monitoring group and divisional limits and targets. Divisional treasury functions performed intra divisional governance. Within the Investment Bank, the Asset Liability Management unit managed the short-term asset/liability position as well as the firm’s counterparty risk exposure.

In conjunction with the accelerated implementation of our balance sheet, taking into accountstrategy announced in October 2012, the amountAsset Liability Management unit was transferred from the Investment Bank to Group Treasury within the Corporate Center in the fourth quarter of stable2012. Group Treasury now performs complete front-to-back governance and planning activities and executes funding that would be neededand risk management transactions as a service to support ongoingthe Group and the business activities through prolonged periodsdivisions. The new organization and mandate of difficult operating conditions.

Our liability portfolio is broadly diversified by market, product and currency, contributing to our funding stability and financial flexibility.

During 2011, we raised CHF 5.8 billion equivalent of public benchmark bonds with an average maturity of 3.5 years, whilst a similar amount of public bonds matured during 2011. We continued to raise medium- and long-term funds through medium-term notes and private placements throughout the year, and recorded CHF 23 billion net cash inflows into our wealth management and retail deposits.

Interest rate and currency management

Group Treasury is responsible for the interest rate risk management of Wealth Management & Swiss Bank transactions executedenables greater control over financial resources and enhanced efficiency in the majority of its locations. The consolidation of these flows allows for the optimization of risk managementsourcing and netting potential arising from different sources of interest rate risk. In response to prolonged low yields, Group Treasury continued to manage measures to improve Wealth Management & Swiss Bank’s margin income through income-generating fixed receiver swap portfolios. Additionally, Group Treasury continued to earn interest income on equity through its portfolio of interest rate products and managed the currency effects on equity and key capital ratios. Profits and losses in foreign currencies were hedged to protect shareholder value.

Capital management

On 31 December 2011, our Basel II tier 1 capital ratio stood at 19.7%, compared with 17.8% on 31 December 2010. As a result of changing the relevant capital framework to the enhanced Basel II market risk framework (commonly known as Basel 2.5), our tier 1 ratio on this basis on 31 December 2011 was 15.9%. This was the result of Basel 2.5 risk-weighted assets being significantly higher than under Basel II and due to higher tier 1 deductions. We continued to manage our capital structure toward our target total capital ratio of 19% under Basel III consisting of 13% tier 1 common equity capital and up to 6% loss-absorbing capital.

Risk, treasury and capital management

Equity attribution

We use an equity attribution framework to evaluate the performance of our businesses and to guide our businesses in the allocation ofdistributing resources to the current and prospective opportunities that are expected to provide the best risk-adjusted profitability. In 2011, the amount of average equity attributed to the business divisions and the Corporate Center increased by CHF 7 billion. This rise was mainly due to the increases in risk-weighted assets related to theoperating businesses. Responsibility for implementation of the Basel 2.5control framework for Treasury activities, besides liquidity and funding risk which was included on a forward-looking basis to prepareare under the businesses for future capital market standards.

Shares

Asresponsibility of 31 December 2011, we had a total of 3,832,121,899 shares issued. In 2011, the issued shares were increased by a total of 1,281,386 shares due to exercises of employee options. We intend to propose a dividend for the financial year 2011 of CHF 0.10 per share.Treasury, is with Risk Control.

Financial resource governance

The Group Asset and Liability Management Committee (Group ALCO) ensures that our assets and liabilities are usedmanaged in line with our overall Group strategy as defined by the Board of Directors (BoD) and the Group Executive Board (GEB), as well as our regulatory commitments, and the interests of shareholders and other stakeholders. The Group ALCO manages the business divisions’ balance sheet targets, which are set by the BoD. It also manages our capital, liquidity and funding, taking into account the business divisions’ actual performance, strategic direction and overall prevailing and prospective risk profile as well as market conditions.

Group Treasury provides the Group ALCO with monthly reporting on our financial resources (e.g. balance sheet, capital, liquidity and funding) needed to monitor our asset and liability management policies and processes, and to ensure they are effective under prevailing and prospective conditions.

 

Risk, treasury and capital management

Treasury management

 

Liquidity and funding management

 

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We define liquidity risk as the risk of being unable to generate sufficient funds from assets to meet payment obligations when they fall due. Funding risk is the risk of being unable to borrow funds in the market on an ongoing basis at an acceptable price to fund actual or proposed commitments, thereby supporting our current business and strategic direction.

 

Liquidity and funding are critical for a financial institution. They must be managed continuously to ensure they can be adjusted to sudden changes in market conditions or the operating environment, whether widespread or relatively small. An institution that is unable to meet its liabilities when they fall due may fail without becoming insolvent,even if its assets exceed its liabilities, because it is unable to borrow sufficient funds on an unsecured basis, has insufficient high-quality assets to borrow against or has insufficient liquid assets it can sell to raise the cash it needs immediately.

è  Refer to “Current market climate and industry drivers” in the “Operating environment and strategy” section for more information

 

Liquidity and funding management

 

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Our liquidity and funding strategy is proposed by Group Treasury, approved by the Group ALCOAsset and Liability Management Committee (Group ALCO) and overseen by the BoDBoard of Directors Risk Committee. Liquidity and funding limits are set at Group and business division levels, and are reviewed and approved at least once a year by the BoD, the Group ALCO, the Group Chief Financial Officer (Group CFO) and the Group Treasurer. Group Treasury monitors and oversees the implementation and execution of our liquidity and funding strategy, and ensures adherence to our liquidity and funding policies including limits, and reports the bank’s overall liquidity and funding position at least monthly to the Group ALCO and the BoDBoard of Directors Risk Committee.

 

We aim to maintain a sound liquidity position to meet all our liabilities when due, whether under normal or stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking sustained damage to our various businesses. We employ an integrated liquidity and funding framework to govern the liquidity management of all our branches and subsidiaries.

 

We perform stress analysis to determine the asset/liability structure that allows us to maintain an appropriately balanced liquidity and funding position under various scenarios. Furthermore, we manage our liquidity and funding risk with the overall objective of optimizing the value of our business franchise across a broad range of temporal market conditions.

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    We monitor both the contractual and behavioral maturity profile of the balance sheet (as described under “Liquidity modeling”). In the behavioral maturity profile, we model the liquidity exposures of the firm under a variety of potential scenarios that encompass normal and stressed market conditions.

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Our major sources of liquidity are channeled through entities that are fully consolidated. We consider the possible impact on our access to markets from stress events affecting some or all parts of our business. The results of this analysis are factored into our overall contingency plans for a liquidity crisis, which are then incorporated into our wider crisis management process.

 

We continuously refine the assumptions used in our crisis scenario and maintain a robust, actionable and tested contingency plan. A key component of this framework is an assessment and regular testing of all material, known and expected cash flows as well as the level and availability of high-grade collateral that could be used to raise additional funding if required.

è  Refer to “Transfer of capital and funding within UBS Group” in the “Capital management” section for more information

 Liquidity management

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We manage our liquidity position to provide adequate time and financial flexibility to respond to a UBS-specific liquidity crisis in a generally stressed market environment. Complementing this, our funding risk management aims for the optimal liability structure to finance our businesses reliably and cost-efficiently.

 

Our business activities generate asset and liability portfolios that are highly diversified with respect to market, product, tenor and currency. This reduces our exposure to individual funding sources and provides a broad range of investment opportunities, reducing liquidity risk.

 

Our funding diversification and global scope help protect our liquidity position in the event of a crisis. The liquidity and funding process is undertaken jointly by Group Treasury and the treasury trading and the short term interest rate units in the Investment Bank’s fixed income, currencies and commodities (FICC) business. Group Treasury establishes a control framework, while the Investment Bank managesby managing operational cash and collateral within the established limits.

a control framework set by Treasury Risk Control. This permits close control of both our cash position and our stockportfolio of high-quality liquid securities. Our treasury processes also ensure that the firm’s general access to wholesale cash markets is concentrated in the Investment Bank’s FICC unit. Funds raised externally are largely channeled into FICC, including the proceeds of debt securities issued by UBS, an activity for which Group Treasury is responsible. FICC in turn meets the Investment Bank’s internal demands for funding by channeling funds from units generating surplus cash to those in need of financing.

 Liquidity modeling

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For the purpose of monitoring our liquidity situation, we employ the following main measures:

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AnAnoperational cash ladderwhich is used to monitor our funding requirements on a daily basis within limits set by the Group ALCO, the Group CFO and the Group Treasurer. This cumulative cash ladder shows the projected daily funding position –

Risk, treasury and capital management

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the net cumulative funding requirement for a specific day – from the current day to three months forward.

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AAstressedversion of theoperational cash ladder which uses behavioral assumptions that model a severe liquidity crisis scenario in a generally stressed market environment. This stress scenario is run daily and used to project potential outflows over a one-month time horizon.

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Treasury management

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–  

 

Amaturity gapanalysis which is comprised of acontractual maturitygap analysis of our assets and liabilities over a one-year time horizon, and abehavioral maturity gap analysis under an assumed UBS-specific liquidity crisis in combination with a generally stressed market environment over a one-year time horizon.

 

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Acash capital modelwhich measures the amount of long-term funding-funding or stable customer deposits, long termlong-term debt (over one year) and equity-equity available to fund illiquid assets. Cash capital consumption reflects the illiquid portion of the assets which could not be transformed into cash by secured funding. For a given asset, the illiquid portion is the difference (the haircut) between the carrying value of an asset on the balance sheet and its effective cash value when used as collateral in a secured funding transaction. Our cash capital supply consists of long-term sources of funds: unsecured funding with remaining time to maturity of at least one year; shareholders’ equity; and core deposits – the portion of our customer deposits that are deemed to have a behavioral maturity of at least one year.

 

A breakdown of the contractual maturities of our assets and liabilities serves as the starting point for stress testing analyses. This contractual view is adjusted to include behavioral components as well as a more detailed breakdown of asset and liability types.

 

The liquidity crisis scenario combines a UBS-specific crisis with market disruption and focuses on a time horizon of up to one year. This scenario assumes large drawdowns on otherwise stable client deposits mainly due on demand; inability to renew or replace maturing unsecured wholesale funding; unusually large drawdowns on loan commitments; reduced capacity to generate liquidity from trading assets; liquidity outflows corresponding to a three-notch downgrade triggering contractual obligations to unwind derivative positions or to deliver additional collateral; and additional collateral needs due to adverse movements in the market values of derivatives. All these models and their assumptions are reviewed regularly to incorporate the latest business and market developments.

    Based on UBS’s credit ratings as of 31 December 2012, contractual liquidity outflows of approximately CHF 5.2 billion, CHF 8.2 billion and CHF 8.4 billion would have been required in the event of a one-notch, two-notch and three-notch reduction, respectively. In evaluating UBS’s liquidity requirements, UBS considers the potential impact of a reduction in UBS’s long-term credit ratings, and a corresponding reduction in short-term ratings. Of these outflows, the portion related to derivative instruments is approximately CHF 2.9 billion, CHF 5.8 billion and CHF 6.0 billion in the event of a one-notch, two-notch and three-notch reduction, respectively.

 Contingency planning

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Liquidity crisis scenario analysis and contingency planning support the liquidity management process, which ensures that immediate corrective measures to absorb potential sudden liquidity shortfalls can be put into effect. Since a liquidity crisis could have a myriad of

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causes, we focus on a scenario that encompasses potential stress effects across all markets, currencies and products. The liquidity status indicators combine internal metrics from the liquidity stress models with market data to provide a dashboard

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of early warning indicators reflecting the current liquidity situation. The liquidity status indicators are used both on a Group level to assess both the overall global as well asand regional situation.situations.

 

Our Group contingency funding plan is an integral part of our global crisis management concept, which covers various types of crisis events. The contingency funding plan contains an assessment of the contingent funding sources in a stressed environment, liquidity status indicators and metrics and contingency procedures. Should a crisis require contingency funding measures to be invoked, Group Treasury is responsible for coordinating liquidity generation with representatives of the relevant business areas.

 

Our contingent funding sources include:include a large multi-currency portfolio of high-quality, short-term unencumbered assets;assets managed centrally by Group Treasury, available and unutilized liquidity facilities at several major central banks;banks, and contingent reductions of liquid trading portfolio assets.

 Liquidity limits and controls

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Liquidity and funding limits and targets are set by the BoD, the Group ALCO, the Group CFO, the Group Treasurer and the business divisions, taking into consideration current and projected business strategy and risk tolerance. The principles underlying our limit and target framework aim to maximize and sustain the value of our business franchise and maintain an appropriate balance in the asset/liability structure. Structural limits and targets focus on the structure and composition of the balance sheet, while supplementary limits and targets are designed to drive the utilization, diversification and allocation of funding resources. Together the limits and targets focus on liquidity and funding risk for periods out to one year, including stress testing. Group Treasury is responsible for the oversight of the liquidity and funding limits and targets. Performance is monitored against limits and targets and regularly communicated to senior management. These limits and targets are, at least annually, reviewed and reconfirmed by the respective authorities.

 

To complement and support the limit framework, Group Treasury and members of our regional and divisional treasuries monitormonitors the markets in which we operate for potential threats.

 Funds transfer pricing
 

Funding costs and benefits are allocated to our business divisions according to our liquidity and funding risk management framework. Our internal funds transfer pricing system is designed to provide the proper liability structure to support the assets and planned activities of each business division while minimizing cross-divisional subsidies. The funds transfer pricing mechanism aims to allocate funding and liquidity costs to the activities generating the liquidity and funding risks and deals with the movement of funds from those businesses in surplus to those that

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have a shortfall. Funding is internally transferred or allocated among businesses at rates and tenors that reflect each business’ asset composition, liquidity and reliable external funding. We continue to review and improveenhance our internal funds transfer pricing system.

Risk, treasury and capital management

Treasury management

 Liquidity Regulationregulation

At the end of 2012, we continued to maintain a sound liquidity position with a liquid asset buffer as per regulatory guidance for Basel III liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) of CHF 153 billion and additional contingent funding sources of CHF 64 billion. In aggregate, these sources of available liquidity represented 26% of our funded balance sheet assets.

Throughout 2012, UBS was in compliance with Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) liquidity requirements.

 

In December 2010, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision published the “International framework for liquidity risk measurement, standards and monitoring” (Basel III Liquidity). The framework comprises two liquidity ratios: the liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) and the net stable funding ratio (NSFR). Both ratios are subject to an observation period that began in 2011. Both LCR and NSFR will become established standards by 2015 and 2018, respectively. During the observation period, both standards are under review by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision.

 

The Swiss liquidity regime that was introduced in 2010 by the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) and the Swiss National Bank (SNB) for large banks is generally aligned with international proposals for liquidity regulations. The core element of the liquidity regime is a severe stress scenario that combines a general financial market crisis with creditors’ loss of trust in the bank. The new liquidity regulations require that banks hold high quality liquid assets sufficient to offset any projected outflows under the stress scenario for a period of 30 days.

In 2011, FINMA issued a circular outlining the implementation plan of the new international liquidity standards. In 2012, a national working group will consult and propose new draft legislation, which is expected to become law by 2013. FINMA will introduce test reporting in 2012 for certain institutions, which will become a general reporting requirement for all banks and brokers in 2013. The results of the test reporting will be used to specify the detailed minimum requirements in 2013. The actual requirements are expected to be effective in 2015 (LCR) and 2018 (NSFR), the same as the international timeline.

Our provisional NSFR and LCR ratios at year-end 2011 remained generally in line with the minimum Basel III requirements. Currently,

banks employ a wide range of interpretations to calculate the Basel III LCR and NSFR. LCR ensures that banks hold enough highly liquid assets to survive short-term (30-day) severe general market and firm-specific stress. NSFR assigns a required stable funding factor to assets (representing the illiquid part of the assets) and assigns all liabilities an available stable funding factor (representing the stickiness of a liability) in order to ensure that banks are not overly reliant on short-term funding and have sufficient long-term funding for illiquid assets. The future minimum regulatory requirement is 100% for both LCR (as of 2019) and NSFR given that(as of 2018). On 6 January 2013, the precise definitionGroup of these ratios is stillGovernors and Heads of

Supervision, the oversight body of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, endorsed amendments to be finalized. We believe we have adoptedthe LCR to allow, among others, a generally conservative approachphasing-in of the minimum LCR requirement from 60% in estimating these ratios.2015 to 100% by 2019.

 

On 31 December 2012, our estimated pro-forma regulatory Basel III LCR was 113%, based on current supervisory guidance from FINMA. We also calculate a management LCR that includes additional high-quality and unencumbered contingent funding sources not eligible in the regulatory Basel III liquidity framework such as dedicated local liquidity reserves and additional unutilized borrowing capacity. At the end of 2012, the management LCR stood at 159%. On 31 December 2012, our estimated pro-forma NSFR was 108%, based on current regulatory guidance. The calculation of our pro-forma Basel III liquidity ratios includes estimates of the impact of the rules and interpretation and will be refined as regulatory interpretations evolve and as new models and the associated systems are enhanced.

è

Refer to the “Regulatory developments” section of this report for more information

 

Funding management

With the implementation of the revised Treasury Operating model, funding processes that had previously been undertaken by the treasury trading and the short term interest rate units in the Investment Bank’s fixed income, currencies and commodities (FICC) business were transferred and consolidated in Group Treasury.

Group Treasury manages operational cash and collateral within established limits and controls defined by Treasury Risk. This permits close control of both our cash position and our stock of high-quality liquid securities and ensures that the firm’s general access to whole-

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Treasury management

sale cash markets is centralized in Group Treasury. Group Treasury in turn meets internal demands for funding by channeling funds from units generating surplus cash to those in need of financing.

 

Our funding activities are planned by analyzing the overall liquidity and funding profile of our balance sheet, taking into account the amount of stable funding that would be needed to support ongoing business activities through periods of difficult market conditions.

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Our liability portfolio is broadly diversified by market, product and currency. Our wealth management businesses and Retail & Corporate represent a significant, cost-efficient and reliable sourcesources of funding. In addition, we have numerous short-, medium- and long-term funding programs thatunder which we issue senior unsecured and structured notes. These programs allow institutional and private investors in Europe, the US and Asia Pacific to customize their investments in UBS’s debt securities.debt. We also generate long-term funding by pledging a portion of our portfolio of Swiss residential mortgages as collateral for the Swiss Pfand-briefePfandbriefe and our own covered bond program. A short-term secured funding program sources funding globally, generally for the highest qualityhighest-quality assets. Collectively, these broad product offerings and the global scope of our business activities contribute tounderpin our funding stability and financial flexibility.

stability. We expect to have lower funding needs in the future as we continue to implement our strategy. Accordingly, we intend to repurchase debt selectively, as illustrated by our announcement in February 2013 of cash tender offers for various issues of outstanding notes. Group Treasury regularly monitors our funding status including concentration risks to ensure we maintain a well-balanced and diversified liability structure and reports its findings on a monthly basis to the Group ALCO.

Funding position and diversification

The composition of our funding sources shifted in 2012 from secured to unsecured funding and within our unsecured funding sources from short-term wholesale products into client deposits from our wealth management and Retail & Corporate businesses and long-term debt issued.

    Overall our customer deposits increased by CHF 29 billion to CHF 372 billion, or 50% of our total funding sources compared with 42% at year-end 2011. Deposits from our wealth management businesses and from Retail & Corporate contributed 98%, or CHF 363 billion, of the total customer deposits (shown in the “UBS asset funding” graph) compared with 95% at year-end 2011. Our outstanding long-term debt, including financial liabilities at fair value, increased by CHF 7 billion during the year to CHF 165 billion. Long-term debt represented 22% of our funding sources as shown in the “UBS: funding by product and currency” table, up from 19% at prior year-end. During the year, we raised CHF 2.7 billion equivalent of public benchmark bonds with an average maturity of 3.3 years while CHF 6.4 billion matured. In addition, we issued CHF 5.0 billion equivalent of covered bonds with an average maturity of 4.4 years and Swiss Pfandbriefe of CHF 1.7 billion. Furthermore, we continued to raise medium- and long-term funds through medium-term notes and private placements throughout the year. In 2012, we executed two issuances

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of loss-absorbing notes which qualify as tier 2 capital under Basel III rules, and count as progressive buffer capital in compliance with the “too-big-to-fail” law under Swiss regulations for systemically important banks, as well as contributing to our targeted loss-absorbing capital. On 22 February 2012, we issued USD 2.0 billion of tier 2 notes, and on 17 August 2012 we issued a further USD 2.0 billion of tier 2 loss-absorbing notes. Both issuances have a maturity of 10 years.

Our short-term interbank deposits (due to banks) and outstanding short-term debt, as a percentage of total funding sources, decreased from 12.4% to 7.5%, mainly reflecting reduced funding requirements as a result of the continued deleveraging of our balance sheet, but also due to the effects of the negative interest charge imposed on financial institutions for Swiss franc clearing accounts effective 21 December 2012.

The secured financing (repurchase agreements and securities lent against cash collateral received) percentage of our funding sources decreased to 6.2% from 13.5%, as shown in the “UBS: funding by product and currency” table. At the end of the year, we borrowed CHF 121 billion less cash on a collateralized basis than we lent, lower than the previous year-end net balance of

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Funding positionUBS: funding by product and diversificationcurrency

 

 All currencies  CHF  EUR  USD  Others 
In %1  31.12.12    31.12.11    31.12.12    31.12.11    31.12.12    31.12.11    31.12.12    31.12.11    31.12.12     31.12.11  
Securities lending  1.2    1.0    0.4    0.0    0.2    0.2    0.5    0.6    0.2     0.2  
Repurchase agreements  5.0    12.5    0.0    0.0    1.1    1.7    3.3    10.0    0.6     0.9  
Due to banks  3.1    3.7    0.5    0.7    0.2    0.5    0.7    0.9    1.6     1.7  
Short-term debt issued  4.4    8.7    0.3    0.2    0.8    1.4    2.7    6.0    0.6     1.0  
Retail savings / deposits  18.0    14.0    11.8    9.7    0.8    0.7    5.4    3.5    0.0     0.0  
Demand deposits  21.6    16.7    7.8    6.2    4.2    2.9    6.4    5.0    3.2     2.6  
Fiduciary deposits  3.3    3.5    0.1    0.1    0.8    1.0    2.0    1.9    0.5     0.5  
Time deposits  6.9    7.8    0.2    0.3    0.5    1.4    3.7    3.5    2.5     2.7  
Long-term debt issued  22.1    19.4    2.8    2.4    7.3    7.1    9.1    7.1    2.9     2.7  
Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments  9.5    8.2    0.3    0.3    5.0    3.7    3.2    3.4    0.9     0.9  
Prime brokerage payables  4.8    4.5    0.1    0.1    0.5    0.5    3.3    3.0    0.8     0.9  
Total  100.0    100.0    24.4    20.1    21.5    21.1    40.2    44.8    13.9     14.0  

1As stated, botha percent of our wealth management business divisions represent valuable and cost-efficienttotal funding sources of funding. At year-end 2011, these businesses contributed CHF 327 billion, or 95%, ofdefined as the CHF 342746 billion total customer deposits shown in the “UBS asset funding” graph. Compared withand the CHF 267817 billion of net loansrespectively on the balance sheet as of 31 December 2011, customer deposits provided 128% coverage compared with 126% on 31 December 2010.

In terms of secured funding (i.e. repurchase agreements2012 and securities lent against cash collateral received), at year-end 2011, we borrowed less cash on a collateralized basis than we lent out, leading to a surplus of net securities sourced – shown as the CHF 162 billion collateral surplus in the “UBS asset funding” graph.

The overall composition of our funding sources at the end of 2011 is shown in the “UBS: funding by product and currency” table and the pie-charts illustrate the funding sources by currency. These funding sources amounted to CHF 817 billion on the balance sheet, up from CHF 782 billion the year before, and comprise repurchase agreements, securities lending against cash collateral received, due to banks, money market paper issued, due to customers and long-term debt including financial liabilities at fair value, cash collateral payables on derivative instruments and prime brokerage payables. Despite the increase in customer deposits, the relative funding composition shifted from unsecured funding to secured funding during the year, as the percentage funding contribution of repurchase agreements and securities lending increased from 10.4% to 13.5% (as shown in the “UBS: funding by product and currency” table). The increase in secured funding mainly related to higher business activities in our Investment Bank. Our overall customer deposits, which

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1  Stated as a percent of the total funding sources of CHF 817 billion as of 31 December 2011, comprising repurchase agreements, securities lending against cash collateral received,on securities lent, due to banks, money market papershort-term debt issued, due to customers, long-term debt (including financial liabilities at fair value) and, cash collateral payables on derivative transactions and prime brokerage payables. 2 Consists of cash collateral payables on derivative instruments and prime brokerage payables.

UBS: funding by product and currency

 

 

  All currencies   CHF   EUR   USD   Others 
In %1   31.12.11     31.12.10     31.12.11     31.12.10     31.12.11     31.12.10     31.12.11     31.12.10     31.12.11     31.12.10  
Securities lending   1.0     0.9     0.0     0.0     0.2     0.2     0.6     0.6     0.2     0.1  
Repurchase agreements   12.5     9.6     0.0     1.0     1.7     1.4     10.0     6.4     0.9     0.8  
Interbank   3.7     5.3     0.7     1.1     0.5     0.6     0.9     1.3     1.7     2.3  
Money market paper   8.7     7.2     0.2     0.2     1.4     0.7     6.0     5.7     1.0     0.6  
Retail savings / deposits   14.0     13.4     9.7     9.3     0.7     0.8     3.5     3.3     0.0     0.0  
Demand deposits   16.7     15.6     6.2     5.9     2.9     3.1     5.0     4.5     2.6     2.1  
Fiduciary   3.5     3.9     0.1     0.2     1.0     1.1     1.9     2.1     0.5     0.6  
Time deposits   7.8     9.6     0.3     0.5     1.4     1.2     3.5     5.3     2.7     2.6  
Long-term debt   19.4     22.4     2.4     3.2     7.1     8.0     7.1     8.0     2.7     3.2  
Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments   8.2     7.5     0.3     0.2     3.7     3.2     3.4     3.2     0.9     0.9  
Prime brokerage payables   4.5     4.7     0.1     0.1     0.5     0.5     3.0     3.4     0.9     0.7  
Total   100.0     100.0     20.1     21.5     21.1     20.7     44.8     43.9     14.0     13.9  

1Stated as a percentCHF 162 billion. The decrease in secured funding and lending was mainly related to the ongoing deleveraging of the total funding sources of CHF 817 billion asour balance sheet. As of 31 December 2011, comprising repurchase agreements, securities lending against cash collateral received, due2012, our coverage ratio of customer deposits to banks, money market paper issued, dueour outstanding loan balance was 133%, compared with 128% at the prior year-end.

Due to customers, long-term debt (including financial liabilities at fair value)our progress in reducing balance sheet assets, we have generated capacity within our liquidity and cash collateral on derivative transactions and prime brokerage payables.

Risk, treasury and capital management

Treasury management

include time, retail savings, demand and fiduciary deposits, increased by CHF 10 billionfunding position to CHF 342 billion, while remaining stable at 42% ofbe able to execute tender offers which will lower our funding sources. Cash deposits in Wealth Management & Swiss Bank rose by CHF 20 billion to CHF 288 billion, while Wealth Management Americas deposits were up CHF 3 billion to CHF 39 billion, partially offset by lower wholesale client depositsinterest expense in the Investment Bank (CHF 11 billion). Wealth managementfuture and retail client deposits represented approximately 95% of our total customer deposits, up from 92% at 31 December 2010.

Our outstanding long-term debt, including financial liabilities at fair value, decreased by CHF 17 billion duringwill allow for liability structure optimization. We executed the year5 February 2013 announced cash tender offers with respect to CHF 158 billion, mainly due to the lower valuation of equity-linked notes issued, and to a lesser extent, matured credit-linked notes issued as well as a decline in long-term debt issued. This resulted in long-term debt decreasing from 22.4% to 19.4% in relation to our funding sources. During 2011, we raised CHF 5.8 billion equivalent of public benchmark bonds with an average maturity of 3.5 years, including CHF 2.6 billion equivalent of covered bond issuance. The amount of public bond issuance roughly offset the CHF 6.0 billion equivalent of public benchmark bonds that matured or were redeemed during 2011, CHF 4.1 billion of which was from public unsecured bonds and CHF 1.9 billion from subordinated/hybrid tier 1 debt. Additionally, we continued to raise medium- and long-term funds through medium-term notes and private placements throughout the year. In January 2012, we successfully issued covered bonds (EUR 1.5 billion 2.25% 5-year and USD 1.5 billion 1.875% 3-year) as well as EUR 1.5 billion 3.125% 4-year14 senior unsecured public bonds.

Our Investment Bank reduced short-term interbank borrowing year-over-year bynote issuances, denominated in US dollar, euro and Italian lira, with tenors between June 2013 and January 2027 and set a total repurchase value of CHF 8 billion, which was more than compensated by a CHF 13 billion increase in money market paper issued. Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments and prime brokerage payables remained relatively stable with a one percentage point increase to 13% of our funding sources.5.1 billion.

Maturity breakdown of long-term straight debt portfolio

The “Long-term straight debt – contractual maturities” graph shows a contractual maturity breakdown of our long-term straight debt portfolio, and therefore excludes all structured debt, which is predominantly booked as financial liabilities designated at fair value. The long-term straight debt portfolio amounted to CHF 67.371.6 billion on 31 December 2011.2012. It is composed of CHF 60.361.0 billion of senior debt including both publicly and privately placed notes and bonds, as well as Swiss cash bonds, and CHF 7.010.6 billion of subordinated debt. Of the positions shown in the graph, CHF 9.813.9 billion, or 15%19%, will mature within one year. ThereIn addition, there are noCHF 0.9 billion equivalent subordinated debt positions with an early-call date during 2012.2013.

The long-term straight debt forms part of the CHF 141105 billion shown on theDebt issuedline on the balance sheet.

 è 

Refer to “Note 1920 Financial liabilities designated at fair value and debt issued” and “Note 21 Debt issued held at amortized cost” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

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Maturity analysis of financial liabilities

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Contractual maturity information about our assets and liabilities serves as a starting point for the stress testing analyses described earlier. Our liquidity risk management framework includes a behavioral stress analysis, which involves a more detailed assessment of asset and liability cash flows as well as outflows from off-balance sheet exposures.

 

The contractual maturities of our non-derivative and non-trading financial liabilities as of 31 December 2011 presented in the table below2012 are based on the earliest date on which we could be required to pay. The total amounts that contractually mature in each time-band are also shown for 31 December 2010.2011. Derivative positions and trading liabilities, predominantly made up of short sale transactions, are assigned to the column “On demand”, as this provides a conservative reflection of the nature of these trading activities. The contractual maturities may extend over significantly longer periods.

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  Credit ratings

Credit ratings can affect the cost and availability of funding, especially funding from wholesale unsecured sources. Our credit ratings can also influence the performance of some of our businesses and levels of client and counterparty confidence. Rating agencies take into account a range of factors when assessing creditworthiness and setting credit ratings. These include the stability and quality of earnings, capital adequacy, risk profile and management, liquidity management, diversification of funding sources, asset quality and corporate governance. Credit ratings reflect the opinions of the rating agencies and can therefore change at any time.

Following the announcement of the unauthorized trading incident on 15 September 2011, Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s placed our long-term ratings on negative watch and under review for possible downgrade, respectively. On 13 October 2011, Fitch Ratings downgraded our long-term issuer default rating from “A+” to “A” with a stable outlook based upon its assessment of diminishing government support. This decision was based on

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LOGO Maturity analysis of financial liabilities1  
 CHF billion  On demand   Due within
1 month
   Due
between
1 and 3
months
   Due
between
3 and 12
months
   Due between
1 and 5 years
   Due after
5 years
   Total 
 

 

Financial liabilities recognized on balance sheet2

  

 Due to banks   15.6     3.6     1.2     1.6     1.1     0.0     23.1  
 Cash collateral on securities lent   7.6     0.5     0.5     0.6               9.2  
 Repurchase agreements   4.5     23.8     6.8     2.3     0.1     0.1     37.7  
 Trading portfolio liabilities3,4   34.2                              34.2  
 Negative replacement values3   395.1                              395.1  
 Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments   71.1     0.0                         71.1  
 Financial liabilities designated at fair value5        3.8     5.0     22.7     41.4     23.5     96.4  
 Due to customers   297.2     60.3     6.0     7.9     0.5     0.1     372.1  
 Accrued expenses   0.3     2.5                         2.8  
 Debt issued5        14.7     8.6     26.1     41.3     27.9     118.5  
 Other liabilities   51.0     4.9                         55.8  
 Total 31.12.12   876.5     114.1     28.0     61.2     84.4     51.7     1,215.9  
                                     
 Total 31.12.11   902.4     236.1     52.4     44.7     80.7     57.5     1,374.1  
 

 

Financial liabilities not recognized on balance sheet6

  

 Commitments                                   
 Loan commitments   57.5     1.9     0.1     0.2               59.8  
 Underwriting commitments        0.2                         0.2  
 Total commitments   57.5     2.1     0.1     0.2     0.0     0.0     60.0  
                                     
 Guarantees   19.4     0.0     0.1     0.1     0.3     0.1     20.1  
  ��                                  
 Forward starting transactions                                   
 Reverse repurchase agreements        18.6                         18.6  
 Securities borrowing agreements        0.2                         0.2  
 Total 31.12.12   77.0     21.0     0.2     0.3     0.3     0.1     98.8  
                                     
 

Total 31.12.11

   75.3     29.2     1.1     0.2     0.1     0.0     105.9  
 

1 Non-financial liabilities such as deferred income, deferred tax liabilities, provisions and liabilities on employee compensation plans are not included in this analysis.2 Except for trading portfolio liabilities and negative replacement values (see footnote 3), the amounts presented generally represent undiscounted cash flows of future interest and principal payments.3 Carrying value is fair value. Management believes that this best represents the cash flows that would have to be paid if these positions had to be settled or closed out. Refer to “Note 25 Derivative instruments and hedge accounting” in the “Financial information” section of this report for undiscounted cash flows of derivatives designated in hedge accounting relationships.4 Contractual maturities of trading portfolio liabilities are: CHF 32.3 billion due within one month (2011: CHF 36.7 billion), CHF 0.5 billion due between one month and one year (2011: CHF 2.8 billion), and CHF 1.3 billion due between 1 and 5 years (2011: CHF 0 billion).5 Future interest payments on variable rate liabilities are determined by reference to the applicable interest rate prevailing as of the reporting date. Future principal payments which are variable are determined by reference to the conditions existing at the reporting date.6 Comprises the maximum irrevocable amount of guarantees, commitments and forward starting transactions.

         

 

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Risk, treasury and capital management

 

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 Maturity analysis of financial liabilities1  
 CHF billion  On demand   

Due within

1 month

   

Due

between

1 and 3

months

   

Due

between

3 and 12

months

   

Due between

1 and 5 years

   

Due after

5 years

   Total 
 

 

Financial liabilities recognized on balance sheet2

  

 Due to banks   18.5     7.3     2.3     1.0     1.1     0.1     30.3  
 Cash collateral on securities lent   6.1     0.9     1.1                    8.1  
 Repurchase agreements   8.8     86.8     5.1     1.7     0.0     0.1     102.5  
 Trading portfolio liabilities3,4   39.5                              39.5  
 Negative replacement values3   473.4                              473.4  
 Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments   66.9     0.1                         67.1  
 Financial liabilities designated at fair value        5.0     6.4     17.2     37.1     28.7     94.3  
 Due to customers   235.7     90.0     8.4     7.5     0.7     0.2     342.5  
 Accrued expenses and deferred income   0.2     2.8     2.1                    5.1  
 Debt issued        39.3     27.1     17.4     41.9     28.5     154.2  
 Other liabilities   53.2     3.8                         57.1  
 Total 31.12.11   902.4     236.1     52.4     44.7     80.7     57.5     1,374.1  
                                     
 Total 31.12.10   762.1     250.2     47.9     64.1     82.2     54.8     1,261.3  
 

 

Financial liabilities not recognized on balance sheet5

  

 Commitments                                   
 Loan commitments   56.5     1.4     0.1     0.1     0.0     0.0     58.2  
 Underwriting commitments   0.0     0.3     0.8     0.0     0.1          1.2  
 Total commitments   56.5     1.7     0.9     0.1     0.1     0.0     59.4  
 Guarantees   18.8     0.1     0.0     0.0     0.0          18.9  
 Forward starting transactions                                   
 Reverse repurchase agreements        26.9     0.2     0.1               27.1  
 Securities borrowing agreements        0.5                         0.5  
 Total 31.12.11   75.3     29.2     1.1     0.2     0.1     0.0     105.9  
                                     
 Total 31.12.10   80.4     29.2     0.9     1.9     0.8     0.1     113.3  
 

1Non-financial liabilities such as deferred income, deferred tax liabilities, provisions and liabilities on employee compensation plans are not included in this analysis.2Except for trading portfolio liabilities and negative replacement values (see footnote 3), amounts as of 31 December 2011 generally represent undiscounted cash flows of future interest and principal payments. This is a change from prior year, when these amounts represented the carrying values. Although undiscounted cash flow amounts may differ from the carrying values on the balance sheet, amounts as of 31 December 2010 have not been restated as these differences were not material.3Carrying value is fair value. Management believes that this best represents the cash flows that would have to be paid if these positions had to be settled or closed out. Refer to “Note 23 Derivative instruments and hedge accounting” in the “Financial information” section of this report for undiscounted cash flows of derivatives designated in hedge accounting relationships.4Contractual maturities of trading portfolio liabilities are: CHF 36.7 billion due within one month (2010: CHF 53.7 billion); and CHF 2.8 billion due between one month and one year (2010: CHF 1.2 billion).5Comprises the maximum irrevocable amount of guarantees, commitments and forward starting transactions.

        

Credit ratings

Risk, treasuryCredit ratings can affect the cost and availability of funding, especially funding from wholesale unsecured sources. Our credit ratings can also influence the performance of some of our businesses and levels of client and counterparty confidence. Rating agencies take into account a range of factors when assessing creditworthiness and setting credit ratings. These include the company’s strategy, its business position and franchise value, stability and quality of earnings, capital adequacy, risk profile and management, liquidity management, diversification of funding sources, asset quality and corporate governance. Credit ratings reflect the opinions of the rating agencies and can change at any time.

Treasury management

changes in assumptions that areOn 15 February 2012, as part of Fitch’s rating methodologyan announcement of ratings reviews affecting 114 financial institutions in Europe, Moody’s placed UBS’s short-term ratings under review for banks, and is part of its broader review of changing sovereign support in developed countries.a possible downgrade.

On 29 November 2011,21 June 2012, Moody’s announced its decision to lower the ratings of 15 global financial institutions with large capital markets activities. UBS AG’s deposit and senior debt ratings were downgraded by two notches from “Aa3” to “A2” and the firm’s “Prime-1” short-term

rating was confirmed. As a result of this review, the outlook on our Moody’s ratings is stable.

On 16 August 2012, Standard & Poor’s announced rating changes for 37 ofaffirmed UBS’s “A”/“A-1” long- and short-term counterparty credit ratings and revised the largest rated banks as a consequence of significant changesoutlook to its rating methodology for banks. As part of this review process, our long-term senior unsecured debt rating was lowered to “A” (from “A+”) with a negative outlook. With this action,stable from negative. On 20 December 2012, Standard & Poor’s removed the negative credit watch on ouraffirmed UBS’s long-term rating which was introduced on 16 September 2011 after the announcement of the unauthorized trading incident. Our short-term“A” and stable outlook.

On 1 November 2012, Fitch affirmed UBS’s long-term rating of “A–1” was affirmed.“A” (stable outlook) and put UBS’s “Viability Rating” of “a-” on “Rating Watch Positive”.

The abovementioned ratings actions by Fitch Ratings and

Standard & Poor’s had no discernible impact on our overall liquidity and funding position. If our credit ratings were to be downgraded, “rating trigger” clauses, especially in derivative transactions, could result in an immediate cash outflow due to the unwinding of derivative positions, the need to deliver additional collateral or other ratings-based requirements.

On 15 February 2012, as part of an announcement of ratings reviews affecting 114 financial institutions in Europe, Moody’s placed UBS’s short-term ratings under review for a possible downgrade.

 è 

Refer to the “Liquidity modeling” section and “Note 2325 Derivative instruments and hedge accounting” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information relating to one or two notch downgrades

 

Risk, treasury and capital management

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Interest rate and currency management

 

 

Management of non-trading interest rate risk

 

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Our largest non-trading interest rate exposures arise within both our wealth management business divisions.businesses and Retail & Corporate. With the exception of Wealth Management Americas, the inherent interest rate risk exposures are transferred from the originating business into one of two centralized interest rate risk management units: Group Treasury, or the Investment Bank’s FICC business. These units managewhich manages the risks on an integrated basis which allowsallowing for netting across different sources.

 

è  Refer to “Market risk” section of this report for more information on non-trading interest rate risk exposures

 

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Group Treasury is responsible for the interest rate risk management of Wealth Management and Retail & Swiss BankCorporate transactions executed in the majority of locations. The fixed-rate products do not contain embedded options, such as early prepayment, which would allow clients to prepay at par. All prepayments are therefore subject to market-based unwinding costs.

 

Current and savings accounts as well as many other retail products of Wealth Management and Retail & Swiss BankCorporate have no contractual maturity date or direct market-linked rate, and therefore their interest rate risk cannot be transferred by simple back-to-back transactions. Instead, they are managed on a pooled basis by replicating portfolios which seek to immunize originating business units as much as possible against market interest rate movements, while allowing the business units to retain and manage their own product margin.

 

A replicating portfolio is a series of loans or deposits at market rates and fixed terms between the originating business unit and Group Treasury, and is structured to approximate the implied behavioral interest rate cash flow and repricing behavior ofcharacteristics through simple back-to-back transactions. The portfolios are rebalanced monthly. Their structure and parameters are based on long-term market observations and client behavior, and are regularly reviewed and adjusted as necessary.

 

A significant amount of interest rate risk also arises from the financing of non-monetary-related balance sheet items, such as the financing of bank property and equity investments in associated companies. These risks are generally transferred to Group Treasury through replicating portfolios, which in this case are aligned with the tenor mandated by senior management.

 

    Group Treasury manages its residual open interest rate exposures, taking advantage of any offsets that arise between positions from different sources within its approved market risk limits, which include value-at-risk (VaR) and liquidity-adjusted stress loss.(LAS). The preferred risk management instruments are interest rate swaps, for which there is a liquid and flexible market. All transactions are executed through the Investment Bank. Group Treasury does not directly access the external market for swap transactions.

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In addition to its regular risk management activities, Group Treasury executesmay execute transactions that aim to economically hedge negative effects on our net interest income stemming from the prolonged period of extraordinarily low yields, mainly through income-generating fixed receiver swap portfolios. Further, as part of this strategy, in October and November 2010 we acquired approximately CHF 10 billion face value of US Treasury securities and approximately CHF 5 billion face value of UK Government bonds, with a weighted average maturity at the end of 2010 of approximately 8 years. This strategic investment portfolio was held on the balance sheet and was classified for accounting purposes as available-for-sale. The difference between the market value of these securities and their amortized cost did not affect net profit, but was included in the calculation of comprehensive income and accordingly affected our shareholders’ equity and our regulatory capital.swaps.

 

In the third quarter of 2011,2012, we sold thesedecided to offset certain positions following further declining interest rate levels which limited the potential for additional hedging benefits. We expect the net interest income impact from these actions to be limited. While we recognize that this would increase our exposure to future interest rate margin compression, our assessment concluded that maintaining these hedges was no longer economical on a decline in long-term US dollar interest rates after the announcement of the US Federal Reserve’s “Operation Twist” (in this maturity extension program, the Federal Reserve intends to sell USD 400 billion of shorter-term Treasury securities by the end of June 2012 and use the proceeds to buy longer-term Treasury securities). The gain on sale amounted to CHF 722 million and was recognized as other income. Of this gain, CHF 433 million was allocated to Wealth Management and CHF 289 million to Retail & Corporate.risk-return basis.

 

è  Refer to the “Market risk” section of this report for more information on our market risk measures and controls

 

Market risk arising from management of consolidated capital

 

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Key ratios on capital and risk-weighted assets (RWA) are monitored by regulators and analysts and are key indicators of our financial strength.

 

The majority of our capital and many of our assets are denominated in Swiss francs, but we also hold RWA and some eligible capital in other currencies, primarily US dollars, euros and British pounds. Any significantSignificant depreciation of the Swiss franc against these currencies wouldcan adversely impactaffect our key ratios.ratios and Group Treasury’s mandateTreasury is mandated with the task of minimizing such effects. Consolidated RWA increase or decrease relative to minimize adverse currency impacts on these ratios.

    The Group ALCO’s target to hedge these key ratios is based on a currency mix ofour capital that broadly reflects the currency distribution of our consolidated RWA. Asas the Swiss franc depreciates or appreciates against these currencies, the consolidated RWA increases or decreases relative to our capital.currencies. These currency fluctuations also lead to foreign currency translation gains or losses on consolidation, which are recorded throughimpact IFRS equity. Thus, our consolidated equity rises or falls in line with the fluctuations in the RWA. The capital of UBS AG (Parent Bank) itself is held predominantly in Swiss francs in order to avoid any significant effects of currency fluctuations on its standalone financial results. The Group Asset and Liability Management Committee (Group ALCO) can adjust the currency mix in capital within limits set by the Board of Directors, to balance the impact of foreign exchange movements on both the Basel III common equity tier 1 (CET1) capital ratio and the Basel III CET1 capital (fully applied). Limits are in place, both for the sensitivity of the Basel III CET1 capital ratio and the Basel III CET1 capital, to a ±10% change in the Swiss franc against other currencies. As of 31 December 2012, the estimated sensitivities of the Basel III CET1 capital ratio and Basel III CET1 capital (fully applied) to a 10% appreciation or depreciation of the Swiss franc against other currencies were 30 basis points and CHF 764 million, respectively.

 

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Furthermore, Group Treasury has the mandate to generate a stable interest income flow from capital. The capital of the Parent Bank and its subsidiaries is placed via interest-bearing cash deposits internally within our entity network. Group Treasury maintains a further portfolio of fixed receiver transactions to achieve a target tenor profile and return on invested equity.

 

To provide a benchmark for investments of equity, senior management defines a replicating portfolio of target tenors by currency. The effective investment positions created by both internal cash deposits and interest rate swaps are then measured against this benchmark tenor replication portfolio. Mismatches between the two are measured, together with other non-trading interest rate risk positions, against Group Treasury’s market risk limits (VaR and stress loss).

 

On 31 December 2011,2012, our consolidated equity was invested as follows: in Swiss francs (including most of the capital of the Parent Bank) with an average duration of approximately four years and fair value sensitivity of CHF 10.511.0 million per basis point; in US dollars with an average duration of approximately four and a half years and a sensitivity of CHF 6.87.5 million per basis point; in euros with an average duration of approximately three years and a sensitivity of CHF 0.70.5 million per basis point; and in British pounds with a duration of approximately three years and a sensitivity of CHF 0.30.2 million per basis point. The sensitivities directly relate to the chosen durations.

 

Corporate currency management

 

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Our corporate currency management activities are designed to reduce adverse currency effects on our reported financial results in Swiss francs, within regulatory constraints. We focus on three principal areas of currency risk management: currency-matched funding of investments in non-Swiss franc assets and liabilities; sell-down of non-Swiss franc profits and losses; and selective hedging of anticipated non-Swiss franc profits and losses. NontradingNon-trading foreign exchange risks are managed under market risk limits, with the exception of Group Treasury management of consolidated capital activity.

 Currency-matched funding and investment of non-Swiss franc assets and liabilities
 

For monetary balance sheet items and non-core investments, we follow the principle of matching the currency of our assets with the

same currency of the liabilities from which they are funded,

as far as it is practical and efficient to do so. A US dollar asset is thus typically funded in US dollars, while a euro liability is typically offset by an asset in euros. This avoids profits and losses arising from the retranslation of foreign currency assets and liabilities at the prevailing exchange rates to the Swiss franc at quarter-ends.

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In 2011, we changed our approach to foreign currency translation risk from match funding to net investment hedge accounting. Net investment hedge accounting is now applied to core investments in foreign currency to reduce exposures exceeding the level needed to provide the desired off-set to currency fluctuations in our key-capital ratios.

 

è Refer to “Note 231a Significant accounting policies” and “Note 25 Derivative instruments and hedge accounting” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

 Sell-down of reported profits and losses

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Reported profit and losses are translated each month from their original transaction currencies into Swiss francs at exchange rates fixed at the prevailing month-end. Monthly income statement items of foreign subsidiaries and branches with a functional currency other than the Swiss franc are translated with month-end rates into Swiss franc. Weighted average rates for a year represent an average of twelve month-end rates, weighted according to the income and expense volumes of all foreign subsidiaries and branches with the same functional currency for each month. To eliminate earnings volatility on the retranslation of previously recognized earnings in foreign currencies, Group Treasury centralizes the profits and losses arising in the Parent Bank and sells or buys them for Swiss francs. Our other operating entities follow a similar monthly sell-down process into their own reporting currencies. Retained earnings in operating entities with a reporting currency other than the Swiss franc are integrated and managed as part of our consolidated equity.

 Hedging of anticipated future reported profits and losses
 

At any time, the Group ALCO may instruct Group Treasury to execute hedges to protect anticipated future profit and losses in foreign currencies against possible adverse trends of foreign exchange rates from one reporting period to the next. Although intended to hedge future earnings, these transactions are accounted for as open currency positions and are subject to internal market risk VaR and stress loss limits.

 

 

Group Treasury: value-at-risk (1-day, 95% confidence, 5 years of historical data)

 

  Year ended 31.12.11   Year ended 31.12.10 
CHF million  Min.  Max.  Average   31.12.11   Min.  Max.  Average  31.12.10 
Interest rates   3    11    5     3     2    18    6    4  
                                    
Foreign exchange   0    11    3     1     0    18    5    2  
                                    
Diversification effect   1    1    0     0     1    1    (2  (1
                                    

Total management VaR

   4    14    7     4     2    22    8    5  
                                    

1As the minimum and maximum occur on different days for different risk types, it is not meaningful to calculate a portfolio diversification effect.

Risk, treasury and capital management

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Risk, treasury and capital management

Capital management

 

Capital management

 

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Eligible capital must be available to support business activities, in accordance with both our own internal assessment and the requirements of our regulators, in particular our lead regulator FINMA.

 

We aim to maintain sound capital ratios at all times and therefore consider not only the current situation but also projected business and regulatory developments. The main tools we employ to manage our capital ratios are the active management of own shares, capital instruments, dividends and risk-weighted assets (RWA).

 

 

Capital adequacy management

 

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Ongoing compliance with regulatory capital requirements and target capital ratios is central to our capital adequacy management. In this process,During 2012, we managemanaged our capital according to tiervarious Basel 2.5 capital ratio targets, while also considering the changes that came into effect under Basel III onJanuary 2013. These include the establishment of new Basel III capital ratio targets and total capital target ratios.the issuance of Basel III-compliant loss-absorbing capital. In the target-setting process, we take into account the current and future minimum requirements set by regulators as well as their buffer expectations. Furthermore, we consider our own internal assessment of aggregate risk exposure in terms of capital-at-risk, the views of rating agencies and comparisons with peer institutions, as well as the impact of expected accounting policy changes.

 

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In addition, we have set as an objective that the Basel III CET1 phase-in capital ratio remains at 10% or above if a severe stress event were to occur.

 

è  Refer to the “Risk management and control”"Group risk appetite framework" section and “Noteof this report for more information

è  Refer to the "Our strategy" section of this report for more information about Basel III / TBTF implications for UBS

è  Refer to "Note 1c International Financial Reporting Standards and Interpretations to be adopted in 20122013 and later”later" in the “Financial information”"Financial information" section of this report for more information

 

 

Regulatory requirements

 

We have published our 31 December 20112012 capital and RWA in accordance with the Basel 2.5 market risk framework. These new requirements imposed additional deductions fromHowever, for supervisory purposes our Bank for International Settlements (BIS) tier 1 and total capital and higher calculated BIS RWA as of 31 December 2011.

The prior-period comparisons are however still shown according to the Basel II framework. To make a comparison possible, we also provide the 31 December 2011 amounts under the Basel II framework.based on FINMA regulations.

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FINMA regulatory capital requirements result in higher RWA than under the published BISBank for International Settlements (BIS) guidelines. There were no differences in eligible capital between BIS guidelines and FINMA regulations as of 31 December 2011.2012. During 2011, however, we were already subject to the Basel 2.5 framework under the FINMA regulation, which resulted in lower eligible capital than under BIS Basel II guidelines. During 2011,2012, we complied with all externally imposed capital requirements.

 

The Basel III revisionsframework which came into effect on 1 January 2013 will have an impact on capital. The main deferred effects are

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Risk, treasury and capital mainly due to management

the exclusiondeduction of deferred tax assets on net operating losses and the inclusion of the effects of IAS19R relating to pension assetsliabilities. These impacts are phased in between 2014 and hybrid tier 1 capital instruments2018 for the calculation of common equity. TheyFurthermore, hybrid tier 1 capital instruments will be phased out from 2013 to 2022. The Basel III framework will also result in significantly higher RWA.RWA as the calculation of our pro-forma Basel III RWA combines existing Basel 2.5 RWA, the revised treatment for low-rated securitization exposures, meaning such exposures are no longer deducted from capital but are risk-weighted at 1250%, and new model-based capital charges. Some of these new models still require regulatory approval and therefore our pro-forma calculations include estimates (discussed with our primary regulator) of the effect of these new capital charges which will be refined as models and the associated systems are enhanced. Consequently, our 31 December 2012 Basel III common equity tier 1 (CET1) capital ratio on a Basel III basis would behave been materially lower than our current Basel 2.5 tier 1 capital ratio, if those requirements werehad been effective immediately. It is therefore important to also consider the Basel III transitional arrangements, which effectively phase-in certain impacts on capital between 2014–2018.that date.

 

We continue to manage toward the 19% Swiss total capital requirement applicable in 2019 (although we currently expect this requirement to decline to 17.5%), with a target capital structure consisting of 13% common equity tier 1Basel III CET1 capital and 6% loss absorbing capital. the remainder in loss-absorbing debt.

As of 31 December 2011,2012, our estimated Basel III common equity tier 1CET1 capital ratio basedwas 9.8% on a phased-in calculation stood at 10.8 %. This is expectedfully applied basis and 15.3% on a phase-in basis compared with 6.7% and 10.7%, respectively, on 31 December 2011. We are committed to furthercontinuing to improve bythese ratios through a combination of profitearnings retention and efforts to reduce our RWA.

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Further,In 2012, we have issued our firstmade two issuances of low-trigger loss-absorbing notes which qualify as tier 2 capital under Basel III compliant noterules, and count as progressive buffer capital in compliance with the "too-big-to-fail" law under Swiss regulations for systemically important banks, as well as contributing to our targeted loss-absorbing capital. On 22 February 2012, (USDwe issued USD 2.0 billion of tier 2 billion) or approximately 0.5%notes, and on 17 August 2012 we issued a further USD 2.0 billion of our estimatedtier 2 loss-absorbing notes. Both issuances have a maturity of 10 years.

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Risk, treasury and capital management

Capital management

 

Basel III RWA of CHF 380 billion as of 31 December 2011, which contributesIn addition to the targeted 6% loss absorbinglow-trigger loss-absorbing notes issued, we are issuing deferred compensation awards with a high-trigger writedown feature. These awards are treated by our regulator as loss-absorbing tier 2 capital.

 

A further significant development in Switzerland was FINMA’s requirement to apply a bank-specific multiplier for banks using the internal ratings-based (IRB) approach when calculating RWA for Swiss residential mortgages starting from 1 January 2013.

 

    Also, in February 2013, the Swiss Federal Council decided to activate the countercyclical capital buffer with respect to mortgage loans financing residential property located in Switzerland, effective 30 September 2013.

è  Refer to the “Regulatory developments” section of this report for more information

BIS capital ratios

 

The Basel 2.5 Capital ratios

BIS capital ratios compare eligible capital with total RWA. On 31 December 2011,2012, our Basel II2.5 tier 1 capital ratio stood at 19.6%,was 21.3% compared with 17.8% on 31 December 2010. On15.9% a Basel 2.5 basis, ouryear earlier. Our core tier 1 capital ratio was 15.9%. This isincreased to 19.0% from 14.1% over the result of Basel 2.5 RWA being significantly higher than under Basel II and due to increasedsame period. Our tier 1 deductions for securitization exposures.capital rose by CHF 2.6 billion to CHF 41.0 billion and RWA decreased by CHF 48.5 billion to CHF 192.5 billion. Our total capital ratio increased to 25.2% from 17.2%.

è  Refer to the discussions on “Capital adequacy management” and “Eligible capital” in this section for more information

 

 

Capital requirements

 

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Our capital requirements are based on our consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), adjusted for regulatory differences. Under IFRS, subsidiaries and special purpose entities that are directly or indirectly controlled by UBS must be consolidated, whereas for regulatory capital purposes, different consolidation principles apply. For example, subsidiaries that are not active in the banking and finance business are not consolidated.

è  Refer to the additional capital management disclosure in the “Basel 2.5 Pillar 3” section of this report for more information

On 31 December 2012, our Basel 2.5 RWA were CHF 192.5 billion compared with CHF 241.0 billion at the end of 2011, a decrease in RWA of CHF 48.5 billion. This decrease was predominantly due to the decline in market risk RWA of CHF 22.1 billion, in credit risk RWA of CHF 21.0 billion and, to a lesser extent, operational risk RWA of CHF 5.6 billion.

 

 

On 31 December 2011, our Basel 2.5 RWA were CHF 241.0 billion compared with CHF 198.9 billion on a Basel II basis at the end of 2010, as an increase in RWA of CHF 42.5 billion due to the introduction of Basel 2.5 eclipsed a reduction of CHF 0.4 billion in RWA under Basel II.

Credit risk

 

The Basel II2.5 RWA for credit risk amounted to CHF 124.3105.8 billion on 31 December 2011,2012 compared with Basel II2.5 RWA of CHF 119.9126.8 billion on 31 December 2010.2011. This increasedecrease occurred predominately in the fourth quarter of CHF 4.4 billion2012 and was mainly attributable to derivativesthe accelerated implementation of our strategy, hedging activity and sales of certain student loan auction rate securities in the Legacy Portfolio. These activities impacted derivative, repo-style exposures,and drawn and undrawn loan exposures. This was partly offset in the third quarter by reduced securitization exposures. The introduction of Basel 2.5 added a further CHF 2.5 billion of RWAincreased residential mortgage exposures due to higherthe recalibration of risk weights for securitization positions held for trading that attract banking book capital charges as well as higher risk weights for re-securitization exposures.parameters on residential mortgages.

è  Refer to the “Credit risk” section of this report for more information

 

 

Non-counterparty related assets

 

The Basel II2.5 RWA for non-counterparty related assets remained stable and amounted to CHF 6.2 billion on 31 December 2012 compared with CHF 6.1 billion on 31 December 2011 compared with CHF 6.2 billion on 31 December 2010. The Basel 2.5 framework had no impact on this RWA category.

Market risk

The Basel II market risk RWA decreased by CHF 11.6 billion to CHF 9.2 billion on 31 December 2011, mainly due to reduced credit spread risk. The new Basel 2.5 regulations increased RWA by CHF 40.0 billion to CHF 49.2 billion.

The CHF 40.0 billion RWA increase between the Basel II and Basel 2.5 framework was composed of the following:

(i)    a new incremental risk charge for default and rating migration risk of trading book positions (CHF 19.6 billion of RWA);

(ii)   an additional stressed VaR requirement, taking into account a one-year observation period relating to significant losses (CHF 13.1 billion of RWA);

(iii)  a comprehensive risk measure requirement for correlation trading (CHF 8.6 billion of RWA); and

(iv)  a negative adjustment of CHF 1.3 billion for RWA relief in VaR.

è   Refer to the “Market risk” section of this report for more information2011.

 

Risk, treasury and capital management

Capital management

 

Capital adequacyBasel 2.5 capital information

 

   Basel 2.5     Basel II     Basel II  
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.11   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.12   31.12.11 
BIS core tier 1 capital   34,014     34,623     30,420     36,666     34,014  
               
BIS tier 1 capital   38,370     38,980     35,323     40,982     38,370  
               
BIS total capital   41,564     42,783     40,542     48,498     41,564  
               
BIS core tier 1 capital ratio (%)   14.1     17.4     15.3     19.0     14.1  
               
BIS tier 1 capital ratio (%)   15.9     19.6     17.8     21.3     15.9  
               
BIS total capital ratio (%)   17.2     21.6     20.4     25.2     17.2  
               
BIS risk-weighted assets   240,962     198,494     198,875     192,505     240,962  
               

of which: credit risk1

   126,804     124,337     119,919     105,807     126,804  
               

of which: non-counterparty related risk

   6,050     6,050     6,195     6,248     6,050  
               

of which: market risk

   49,241     9,240     20,813     27,173     49,241  
               

of which: operational risk

   58,867     58,867     51,948     53,277     58,867  
               

1Includes securitization exposures and equity exposures not part of the trading book and capital requirements for settlement risk (failed trades).

Risk, treasury and capital management

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 Reconciliation of IFRS equity to BIS capital 
     Basel 2.5  Basel II  Basel II 
 CHF million  31.12.11  31.12.11  31.12.10 
 IFRS equity attributable to UBS shareholders   53,447    53,447    46,820  
               
 Treasury shares at cost / equity classified as obligation to purchase own shares   1,198    1,198    708  
               
 Own credit, net of tax1   (1,842  (1,842  (205
               
 Unrealized gains from Financial investments available-for-sale1   (228  (228  (181
               
 Unrealized (gains) / losses from cash flow hedges1   (2,600  (2,600  (1,063
               
 Other2   (798  (798  286  
               
 BIS core tier 1 capital prior to deductions   49,177    49,177    46,365  
               
 

of which: paid-in share capital

   383    383    383  
               
 

of which: share premium, retained earnings, currency translation differences and other elements

   48,794    48,794    45,982  
               
 Less: treasury shares / deduction for own shares3   (2,131  (2,131  (2,993
               
 Less: goodwill & intangible assets   (9,695  (9,695  (9,822
               
 Less: securitization exposures4   (2,627  (2,017  (2,385
               
 Less: other deduction items5   (711  (711  (744
               
 BIS core tier 1 capital   34,014    34,623    30,420  
               
 Hybrid tier 1 capital   4,356    4,356    4,903  
               
 

of which: non-innovative capital instruments

   1,490    1,490    1,523  
               
 

of which: innovative capital instruments

   2,866    2,866    3,380  
               
 BIS tier 1 capital   38,370    38,980    35,323  
               
 Upper tier 2 capital   388    388    110  
               
 Lower tier 2 capital   6,145    6,145    8,239  
               
 Less: securitization exposures4   (2,627  (2,017  (2,385
               
 Less: other deduction items5   (711  (711  (744
               
 BIS total capital   41,564    42,783    40,542  
               
 

1  IFRS equity components which are not recognized for capital purpose, adjusted for changes in foreign exchange.2  Consists of: i) qualifying non-controlling interests; ii) the netted impact of the change in scope of consolidation; iii) other adjustments due to reclassifications and revaluations of participations and prudential valuation and anticipated dividend payment.3  Consists of: i) net long position in own shares held for trading purposes; ii) own shares bought for unvested or upcoming share awards; iii) and accruals built for upcoming share awards.4  Includes a 50% deduction of the fair value of our option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity (CHF 1,629 million on 31 December 2011 and CHF 1,781 million on 31 December 2010).5   Positions to be deducted as 50% from tier 1 and 50% from total capital mainly consist of: i) net long position of non-consolidated participations in the finance sector; ii) expected loss on advanced internal ratings-based portfolio less general provisions (if difference is positive); iii) expected loss for equities (simple risk weight method).

       

 

 OperationalMarket risk
 

The Basel II2.5 market risk RWA decreased by CHF 22.1 billion to CHF 27.2 billion on 31 December 2012. The decrease was mainly due to the reduction in incremental risk charge RWA on reduced exposures, a model update for sovereign debt in the first quarter and hedging activity. VaR and stressed VaR declined due to reduced risk positions and reduced credit spread risk.

èRefer to the “Market risk” section of this report for more information

Operational risk

Basel 2.5 RWA for operational risk increased towas CHF 53.3 billion on 31 December 2012 compared with CHF 58.9 billion on 31 December 2011 from CHF 51.9 billion on 31 December 2010, as agreed with FINMA.2011. This increase is primarily attributabledecrease was due to changes made to scenario assumptions, following the unauthorized trading incident inannual model parameter review whereby all advanced measurement approach parameter updates that were approved by FINMA at the third quarterend of 2011, partially offset by enhancements made to our models. The Basel 2.5 framework had no impact on this RWA category.March 2012 were subsequently implemented.

 

è  Refer to the “Operational risk” section of this report for more information

 

Basel 2.5 Eligible capital

 

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Eligible capital, the capital available to support RWA, consists of tier 1 and tier 2 capital. To determine eligible tier 1 and total capital, specific adjustments must be made to equity attributable to our shareholders as defined by IFRS. The most notable adjustments are the deductions for goodwill, intangible assets, investments in unconsolidated entities engaged in banking and financial activities and own credit effects on liabilities designated at fair value (see further details in the “Reconciliation of IFRS equity to Basel 2.5 BIS capital” table).

Basel 2.5 tier 1 capital

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Our tier 1 capital amounted to CHF 41.0 billion on 31 December 2012, compared with CHF 38.4 billion on 31 December 2011, an increase of CHF 2.6 billion. The positive contributors to this increase were lower capital deductions of CHF 5.1 billion, driven mainly by the goodwill impairment in the Investment Bank and Legacy Portfolio asset sales, reversal of own credit losses for the purpose of the capital calculation and own-share-related components. These positive capital effects were partially offset by the 2012 net loss of CHF 2.5 billion and other deduction items, including negative foreign currency effects and a dividend accrual.

 Tier 1 capital
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Our Basel IIThe adoption of IAS 19R had no effect on tier 1 capital. The regulatory capital amounted to CHF 39.0 billion on 31 December 2011, compared with CHF 35.3 billion on 31 December 2010, an increaseeffect of CHF 3.7 billion. The main positive contributor to this increase was the CHF 4.2 billion net profit attributable to UBS shareholders. Further increases were due to positive currency effects, own share related components and a reduction of low rated securitization exposures, mainly resultingadoption will be phased in annually from sales. These effects were partially offset by the reversal of own credit gains of CHF 1.5 billion, a redemption of hybrid tier capital of CHF 0.5 billion, dividend accruals, prudential valuation adjustments and other items. TheJanuary 2014 under Basel 2.5 framework resulted in additional tier 1 deductions of CHF 0.6 billion.III.

 Hybrid

Basel 2.5 hybrid tier 1 capital

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Hybrid tier 1 instruments represent innovative and non-innovative perpetual instruments. Hybrid tier 1 instruments are perpetual instruments which can only be redeemed if they are called by the issuer after having received regulatory approval. If such a call is not exercised at the call date, the terms might include a change from fixed to floating coupon payments and, in the case of innovative instruments only, a limited step-up of the interest rate.

Risk, treasury and capital management

Capital management

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Non-innovative instruments do not have a step-up of the interest rate and are therefore viewed as having a higher equity characteristic for regulatory capital purposes. The instruments are issued either through trusts or our subsidiaries and rank senior to our equity in dissolution. Payments under the instruments are subject to adherence to our minimum capital ratios and other requirements. Any missed payment is non-cumulative.

 

As of 31 December 2011,2012, our hybrid tier 1 instruments amounted to CHF 4.44.3 billion, slightly down from CHF 4.94.4 billion as of 31 December 2010,2011, mainly resulting fromdue to negative foreign currency effects.

We intend to call the redemption of a USD 0.5 billionEUR 995 million hybrid tier 1 instrument with a first call date on 11 April 2013. Hybrid tier 1 instruments outstanding will continue to count towards regulatory capital (i.e., Basel III phase-in capital), but the eligibility is reduced over time in June 2011. Under IFRS, these instruments are accounted for as equity attributable to non-controlling interests.line with the Basel III transition rules.

 Tier

Basel 2.5 tier 2 capital

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The major element in tier 2 capital is subordinated long-term debt. Tier 2 instruments have been issued in various currencies

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Risk, treasury and capital management

Reconciliation of IFRS equity to Basel 2.5 BIS capital

CHF million  31.12.12  31.12.11 
IFRS Equity attributable to UBS Shareholders   45,895    48,530  
          

of which: effect of the adoption of IAS 19R1

   (3,948  (4,917
          
Reversal of the effect of the adoption of IAS 19R1   3,948    4,917  
          
Treasury shares at cost / Equity classified as obligation to purchase own shares   1,108    1,198  
          
Own credit, net of tax2   292    (1,842
          
Unrealized gains from Financial investments available-for-sale, net of tax2   (232  (228
          
Unrealized (gains) / losses from Cash flow hedges, net of tax2   (2,983  (2,600
          
Other3   (1,286  (798
          
BIS core tier 1 capital prior to deductions   46,742    49,177  
          

of which: paid-in share capital

   384    383  
          

of which: share premium, retained earnings, currency translation differences and other elements

   46,358    48,794  
          
Less: treasury shares / deduction for own shares4   (1,460  (2,131
          
Less: goodwill & intangible assets   (6,461  (9,695
          
Less: securitization exposures5   (1,469  (2,627
          
Less: other deduction items6   (685  (711
          
BIS core tier 1 capital   36,666    34,014  
          
Hybrid tier 1 capital   4,316    4,356  
          

of which: non-innovative capital instruments

   1,476    1,490  
          

of which: innovative capital instruments

   2,839    2,866  
          
BIS tier 1 capital   40,982    38,370  
          
Upper tier 2 capital   127    388  
          
Lower tier 2 capital   9,544    6,145  
          
Less: securitization exposures5   (1,469  (2,627
          
Less: other deduction items6   (685  (711
          
BIS total capital   48,498    41,564  
          

1  Refer to “Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information on the adoption of IAS 19R.  2IFRS equity components which are not recognized for capital purposes, adjusted for changes in foreign exchange.  3Consists of: i) qualifying non-controlling interests; ii) the netted impact of the change in scope of consolidation; iii) other adjustments due to reclassifications and revaluations of participations, prudential valuation, accrued dividend payment and the charge for compensation related increase in Basel III-compliant loss-absorbing tier 2 capital.  4Consists of: i) net long position in own shares held for trading purposes; ii) own shares bought for unvested or upcoming share awards and iii) accruals built for upcoming share awards.  5Includes a 50% deduction of the fair value of our option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity (CHF 2,103 million on 31 December 2012 and CHF 1,629 million on 31 December 2011).  6Positions to be deducted at 50% from tier 1 and 50% from total capital mainly consist of: i) net long position of non-consolidated participations in the finance sector; ii) expected loss on advanced internal ratings-based portfolio less general provisions (if difference is positive); iii) expected losses on non-trading equity exposures (simple risk weight method).

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and with a range of maturities across capital markets globally. Tier 2 instruments rank senior to both our shares and to hybrid tier 1 instruments but are subordinated to all our senior obligations.

Our Basel II tier 2 capital, net of tier 2 deductions amounted to CHF 3.8 billion on 31 December 2011, compared with CHF 5.2 billion on 31 December 2010, a decrease of CHF 1.4 billion. In 2011, we redeemed a floating-rate USD 1.6 billion subordinated bond. The change is further impacted by currency fluctuations, a reduction of low rated securitization exposures, mainly resulting from sales, and an excess of general provisions over expected losses. The Basel 2.5 framework resulted in additional tier 2 deductions of CHF 0.6 billion.

 

In order to improve the quality of capital, regulators have proposed new requirements for capital instruments and created a new category of contingent capital instruments. The changes proposed are designed to increase resilience against a financial crisis, and are expected to provide a buffer to maintain the banks as going concerns or allow for an orderly liquidation. Regulators view these instruments as additional protection against the systemic risks of large banks.

 

On 22 FebruaryIn 2012, we issuedhad two issuances of USD 2 billion of loss-absorbing notes which qualify as tier 2 notes atcapital under Basel III rules, and count as progressive buffer capital in compliance with the “too-big-to-fail” law under Swiss regulations for systemically important banks as well as contribute to our targeted loss-absorbing capital.

    Our tier 2 capital, net of tier 2 deductions, amounted to CHF 7.5 billion on 31 December 2012 compared with CHF 3.2 billion on 31 December 2011, an initial rateincrease of 7.25%.CHF 4.3 billion. This 10-year security, which does not diluteincrease was mainly due to the valueissuances of the equity held by the bank’s shareholders, qualifiesaforementioned tier 2 loss-absorbing notes and lower capital deductions of CHF 1.2 billion

 

asresulting mainly from Legacy Portfolio asset sales. These positive effects of lower tier 2 deductions were mainly offset by a loss-absorbing instrument that complies with Basel III regulations and counts as progressive buffer capital underreduction in the Swiss draft regulations for its systemically relevant banks. The notes will remain as debt throughout their life, subordinate to the bank’s senior debt. Their principal amount would be written down to zero if at any time the bank’s coreeligibility of existing tier 1/common equity ratio falls below 5%, if FINMA determines that a writedown is necessary to ensure UBS’s viability as defined, or if UBS receives a commitment of governmental support that FINMA determines to be necessary to ensure UBS’s viability.2 notes.

 

è  Refer to the “Regulatory developments” section of this report for more information with regard to regulation on systemically important banks and “Note 32 Events after the reporting period” in the “Financial Information” section of this report for more information on the issuance of these tier 2 notes

 

Pro-forma Basel III common equity and risk-weighted assets

The following pro-forma Basel III information is a voluntary disclosure as Basel III requirements were not in effect on 31 December 2012. Such measures are non-GAAP financial measures as defined by SEC regulations. We nevertheless include information on the basis of Basel III requirements because they became effective on 1 January 2013 and significantly impact our RWA and eligible capital.

Risk, treasury and capital management

Capital management

Pro-forma BIS Basel III capital information

CHF billion  31.12.12  31.12.111 
Basel 2.5 tier 1 capital   41.0    38.4  
          
Hybrid tier 1 capital   (4.3  (4.4
          
Deferred tax assets related to net operating losses   (5.9  (8.0
          
Deferred pension expenses    (3.3
          
Effect of the implementation of IAS 19R   (4.6 
          
SNB StabFund option   (1.1  0.8  
          
Low-rated securitization exposures   0.4    1.8  
          
Other adjustments2   (0.3  0.1  
          
Basel III common equity tier 1 capital (fully applied)   25.2    25.3  
          
Basel III loss-absorbing capital   4.2    0.0  
          
Basel III total capital (fully applied)   29.3    25.3  
          
Basel III common equity tier 1 capital (phase-in)3   40.0    41.0  
          
Basel III loss-absorbing capital   4.2    0.0  
          
Basel III tier 2 capital (phase-in)   5.4    6.1  
          
Basel III total capital (phase-in)   49.6    47.1  
          
Basel 2.5 risk-weighted assets   193    241  
          
Basel III uplift4   66    139  
          
Basel III risk-weighted assets (fully applied)   258    380  
          
Basel III risk-weighted assets (phase-in)5   262    383  
          
Basel III common equity tier 1 capital ratio % (fully applied)   9.8    6.7  
          
Basel III common equity tier 1 capital ratio % (phase-in)   15.3    10.7  
          
Basel III total capital ratio % (fully applied)   11.4    6.7  
          
Basel III total capital ratio % (phase-in)   18.9    12.3  
          

1  Does not include the effect of the implementation of IAS 19R and calculation refinements affecting 31 December 2012 figures.  2  Includes the following deductions: qualifying non-controlling interests, own shares held by the Investment Bank, own credit on replacement values (DVA), expected losses on non-trading equity exposures, goodwill related to investments in associates and shortfall of general provisions vs. expected losses. Also includes the following additions: investments in non-consolidated entities, failed trades, goodwill-related deferred tax liabilities and unrealized gains on financial investments available-for-sale (only relevant for 31 December 2011).  3  Basel III phase-in rules applied on goodwill covered by hybrid tier 1 capital, deferred tax assets on net operating losses and effects of pension accounting related components.  4  The Basel III RWA uplift consists mainly of revised treatment of low rated securitization exposures, credit valuation adjustments and other changes.  5  Includes the RWA effect of pension accounting related components, which are phased in.

We provide information on pro-forma Basel III RWA and capital, both on a phase-in and on a fully applied basis. The information provided on a fully applied basis does not consider the effects of the transition period, during which new capital deductions are phased in and ineligible Basel 2.5 capital instruments are phased out.

On 31 December 2012, our Basel III CET1 capital on a fully applied basis was CHF 25.2 billion, remaining relatively stable compared with the CHF 25.3 billion on 31 December 2011. The 2012 net loss, the impact of adopting IAS 19R and other negative effects including the deduction of the fair value of the option to purchase the SNB StabFund’s equity which was previously risk-weighted at 1250%, were almost offset by the reversal of own credit losses for the purpose of capital calculation and a lower deduction for deferred tax assets.

Pro-forma Basel III RWA were estimated to be CHF 258 billion on a fully applied basis on 31 December 2012, CHF 122 billion lower than a year earlier. CHF 48 billion of the decline in Basel III RWA was due to the same factors that caused a decrease in Basel 2.5 RWA, and CHF 20 billion was associated with a change in the treatment of UBS’s option to purchase the SNB StabFund’s equity (now fully deducted from CET1 capital). The remainder of the decline was mostly attributable to RWA

reductions in the Investment Bank and the Legacy Portfolio, resulting from sales and other reductions of exposures and from the net effect of changes in models and methodologies. The vast majority of the overall reductions achieved in the Investment Bank and in the Legacy Portfolio resulted from sales and other reductions of exposures. We are targeting Group RWA on a fully applied Basel III basis of less than CHF 200 billion by the end of 2017.

The resulting Basel III CET1 capital ratio stood at 9.8% on 31 December 2012 on a fully applied basis, an increase of 3.1 percentage points from 6.7% on 31 December 2011. We are targeting a CET1 fully applied ratio of 11.5% by the end of 2013 and 13% by the end of 2014. On a phase-in basis, our estimated Basel III CET1 capital ratio was 15.3% on 31 December 2012 compared with 10.7% on 31 December 2011. The regulatory capital effect of the adoption of IAS 19R, together with related changes in future periods, will be phased in annually from 1 January 2014 on an after-tax basis, such that regulatory capital becomes fully adjusted on 1 January 2018.

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Refer to the “Our strategy” section of this report for more information about Basel III / TBTF implications for UBS and to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Risk, treasury and capital management

FINMA leverage ratio

CHF billion, except where indicated  Average 4Q12  Average 4Q11 
Total balance sheet assets (IFRS)1   1,287.0    1,390.7  
          
Less: netting of replacement values2   (395.4  (436.6
          
Less: loans to Swiss clients (excluding banks)3   (166.2  (163.6
          
Less: cash and balances with central banks   (68.3  (65.8
          
Less: other4   (8.7  (12.8
          
Total adjusted assets   648.4    711.9  
          
FINMA tier 1 capital (at year-end)5   41.0    38.4  
          
FINMA leverage ratio (%)   6.3    5.4  
          

1  Total assets are calculated as the average of the month-end values for the three months in the calculation period.  2  Includes the impact of netting agreements (including cash collateral) in accordance with Swiss Federal Banking law, based on the IFRS scope of consolidation.  3  Includes mortgage loans to international clients for properties located in Switzerland.  4  Refer to the “Reconciliation IFRS equity to Basel 2.5 BIS capital” table for more information on deductions of assets from FINMA tier 1 capital.  5  FINMA tier 1 capital corresponds to Basel 2.5 tier 1 capital.

Transfer of capital and funding within UBS Group
 

Under Swiss company law, UBS is organized as an “Aktiengesellschaft”, a corporation that has issued shares of common stock to investors. UBS AG is the parent company of the Group. The legal entity structure of the Group is designed to support our businesses within an efficient legal, tax, regulatory and funding framework. We enter into intragroup transactions to provide funding and capital to individual UBS entities. As of 31 December 2011,2012, UBS has not been subject to any material restrictions or other major impediments concerning the transfer of funds or regulatory capital within the Group apart from those which apply to these entities by way of local laws and regulations.

 FINMA leverage ratio
 

FINMA requires a minimum leverage ratio of 3% at a Group level, and expectswith the expectation that in normal times, the ratio will be well above this. This target is to be achieved by 1 January 2013 atexceed this level during normal times. On 31 December 2012, our leverage ratio was 6.3%, an increase of 0.9 percentage points compared with the latest.prior year-end.

 

On 31 December 2011, our GroupIn the first quarter of 2013, the existing FINMA leverage ratio improved to 5.4%,will be replaced by a FINMA Basel III minimum leverage ratio for systemically important banks (FINMA Basel III leverage ratio). The leverage ratio requirement is set at a level of 24% of the minimum capital ratio requirement for the capital base, the buffer capital and the progressive component. Our pro-forma FINMA Basel III leverage ratio on a phase-in total capital requirement basis was 3.6% on 31 December 2012 compared with the 31 December 2010 ratioan estimated target requirement of 4.4%. During the year, average total assets prior to deductions decreased by CHF 5.5 billion to CHF 1,392.9 billion. The average total adjusted assets fell by CHF 80 billion to CHF 714.2 billion. The table “FINMA leverage ratio” shows the FINMA leverage ratio calculation for the Group.

FINMA leverage ratio

CHF billion, except where indicated  Average 4Q11  Average 4Q10 
Total balance sheet assets (IFRS)1   1,392.9    1,398.5  
          
Less: netting of replacement values2   (436.6  (410.1
          
Less: loans to Swiss clients (excluding banks)3   (163.6  (161.6
          
Less: cash and balances with central banks   (65.8  (20.1
          
Less: other4   (12.8  (12.4
          
Total adjusted assets   714.2    794.2  
          
FINMA tier 1 capital (at year-end)5   38.4    35.3  
          
FINMA leverage ratio (%)   5.4    4.4  
          

1Total assets are calculated as the average of the month-end values for the three months in the calculation period.  2Includes the impact of netting agreements (including cash collateral) in accordance with Swiss Federal Banking Law, based on the IFRS scope of consolidation.  3Includes mortgage loans to international clients for properties located in Switzerland.  4Refer to the “Reconciliation of IFRS equity to BIS capital” table for more information on deductions of assets from FINMA tier 1 capital corresponding to Basel 2.5 tier 1 capital on 31 December 2011 and to Basel II tier 1 capital on 31 December 2010.  5  FINMA tier 1 capital corresponds to Basel 2.5 tier 1 capital as of 31 December 2011 and to Basel II tier 1 capital as of 31 December 2010.

Risk, treasury and capital management4.2% on 1 January 2019.

 Equity attribution framework
 

The equity attribution framework reflects our objectives of maintaining a strong capital base and guiding businesses toward activities with the bestthat appropriately balance of profit potential, risk and capital usage.

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Within this framework, the BoDBoard of Directors (BoD) attributes equity to the businessesbusiness divisions (including the Corporate Center) after considering their risk exposure, risk-weighted assets (RWA)Basel III RWA usage, assetBasel III leverage ratio denominator size, goodwill and intangible assets.

 

The design of the equity attribution framework enables us to do the following:

– calculate and assess return on attributed equity (RoaE)(RoAE) in each of our business divisions; RoaERoAE is disclosed for all business divisions and units;

– integrate Group-wide capital management activities with those at business division and business unit levels;levels

– measure current period and historical performance in a consistent manner across business divisions and business units; andunits

– make better comparisons between our businesses and those of our competitors.competitors

 

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In our capital allocation methodology, we use three drivers to allocate tangible equity to our business divisions in order to provide a comprehensive view of the resource usage and risk profile of our businesses. We use capital ratio and leverage ratio targets as well as risk-based capital, which is an internal measure of risk similar to economic capital.

In addition to tangible equity, we allocate equity to support goodwill and intangibles.

After reviewing the results of this formulaic approach, the Group ALCO recommendsAsset and Liability Management Committee may recommend and the BoD makesmay make discretionary adjustments to the final equity attribution to reflect our views of the likely future risk profile and resource usage of the businesses. The BoD currently makes equity attribution decisions on a quarterly basis.

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The amount of equity attributed to all businesses corresponds to the amount we believe is required to maintain a strong capital base and support our businesses adequately. If the total equity attributed to the business divisions and the Corporate Center differs from the Group’sGroup‘s actual equity during a given period, the difference (positive or negative) is reflected as a separate line item. Further, the equity attribution framework continues to be forward-looking. Therefore, with regard to the RWA and asset drivers, we will be taking into account the impacts of planned Basel III requirements in 2012.

In November 2011, the BoD approved a refinement in the methodology of equity attribution. The intent of this refinement is to measure the RoaE of each business in a way which is more comparable to the business segments of international competitors and reflects the returns generated by businesses on resources under their direct control.

Accordingly, in the future equity attributed to the Corporate Center is expected to grow due to several factors, including our decision to allocate equity related to our deferred tax assets and deferred pension expenses centrally. This expected increase also includes the capital related to our legacy portfolio assets following the transfer from the Investment Bank to the Corporate Center, as well as capital related to our option to purchase equity in the SNB StabFund.

In addition, with regard to the RWA driver, in the future the Corporate Center will carry incremental common equity not allocated to the business divisions, reflecting additional equity that we have targeted above a 10% Basel III common equity tier 1 ratio.

 

The amount of equity attributed to each business division is an important input into the calculation of economic profit for that business division. Broadly speaking, economic profit equals profit minus the product of attributed equity and the cost of equity.

Risk, treasury and capital management

Capital management

Our equity allocation methodology is intended to measure the RoAE of each business in a way which is comparable to the business segments of international competitors and reflects the returns generated by businesses on resources under their direct control.

In the second quarter of 2012, we refined our methodology for risk-based capital, which is one of the drivers in our equity attribution framework, by expanding the risk capture and refining the parameters used for risk-based capital. Potential losses are now calculated across a broader set of risks at a very high confidence level of 99.97% .

As outlined in the table “Average attributed equity”, the amount of average equity attributed to the business divisions decreased by CHF 11 billion during 2012, including a decrease of CHF 9 billion in the Investment Bank. The decline in the Investment Bank was mainly due to decreases in Basel III RWA, the Basel III leverage ratio denominator, and risk-based capital following the accelerated implementation of our strategy announced in October 2012, as well as the goodwill impairment recorded at the end of the third quarter of 2012.

From 1 January 2013, attributed equity required to underpin remaining goodwill and intangible assets that arose from the Paine-Webber acquisition has been transferred to the Corporate Center.

 

As outlinedStarting with reporting for the first quarter of 2013, the Corporate Center also includes attributed equity related to non-core businesses transferred from the Investment Bank following the accelerated implementation of our strategy announced in October 2012.

On a pro-forma basis (as if these non-core businesses had been fully transferred from the table “Average attributed equity”Investment Bank to the Corporate Center), the amount of average equity attributed to the Investment Bank, Wealth Management & Swiss Bank and the Corporate Center increased bythese non-core businesses would have amounted to CHF 510.5 billion CHF 1 billion and CHF 1 billion, respectively, fromduring the fourth quarter of 20102012. On the same pro-forma basis, the Investment Bank’s attributed equity would have amounted to the fourth quarter of 2011.CHF 8.0 billion.

UBS shares
 

The increase inmajority of our tier 1 capital comprises share premium and retained earnings attributed to UBS shareholders. As of 31 December 2012, total IFRS equity attributable to our shareholders amounted to CHF 45,895 million, and was represented by a total of 3,835,250,233 shares issued, of which 2.3% were held by UBS.

LOGO

In 2012, shares issued were increased by a total of 3,128,334 shares due to exercises of employee options. Each share has a par value of CHF 0.10 and generally entitles the Investment Bank was influenced by RWA increases relatedholder to the implementation of the Basel 2.5 frame-one vote at

 

 

Average attributed equity

 

CHF billion  4Q11 4Q10               4Q12                        4Q11 
Wealth Management   5.0    4.4     4.3     5.0  
         
Retail & Corporate   5.0    4.6  
Wealth Management Americas   5.9     8.0  
         
Wealth Management & Swiss Bank   10.0    9.0  
   
Wealth Management Americas   8.0    8.0  
Investment Bank1   18.5     27.5  
         
Global Asset Management   2.5    2.5     2.1     2.5  
         
Investment Bank   32.01   27.0  
Retail & Corporate   4.4     5.0  
         
Corporate Center   4.0    3.0     10.3     8.5  
      

of which: Core Functions

   2.9     4.0  
      

of which: Legacy Portfolio

   5.4     4.5  
      

of which: Central items2

   2.0    
         
Average equity attributed to the business divisions and Corporate Center   56.5    49.5     45.5     56.5  
         
Difference   (3.9  (2.2   1.5     (8.5)3 
         
Average equity attributable to UBS shareholders   52.6    47.3     47.0     48.0  
         

1  Approximately CHF 4.5 billionStarting with reporting for the first quarter of 2013, the Corporate Center also includes attributed equity related to non-core businesses transferred from the Investment Bank following the accelerated implementation of our strategy announced in October 2012. On a pro-forma basis, the average equity attributed to these non-core businesses would have amounted to CHF 10.5 billion during the fourth quarter of 2012. Therefore, on the same pro-forma basis, the fourth quarter 2012 attributed equity for the Investment Bank relatesamounts to CHF 8.0 billion of the legacy portfolio that was transferred to18.5 billion of attributed equity shown in the table above.2Central items within the Corporate Center beforecarries common equity not allocated to the end of 2011 and will be managed and reportedbusiness divisions, reflecting, with effect fromrespect to the firstrisk-weighted assets driver, excess equity that we have targeted above a 10% Basel III common equity tier 1 ratio.3During the fourth quarter of 2012, as a separate segment withinUBS adopted IAS 19R retrospectively in accordance with the Corporate Center.transitional provisions set out in the standard and prior periods have been restated. Refer to “Note 1 Significant accounting policies” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.

Risk, treasury and capital managementShareholder-approved issuance of shares

Capital management

    Maximum number of
shares to be issued
   Year approved by
shareholder general
meeting
   % of shares issued
31.12.12
 
Conditional capital      
                
SNB warrants   100,000,000     2009     2.61
                
Employee equity participation plans of UBS AG   145,510,992     2006     3.79
                
Conversion rights/ warrants granted in connection with bonds   380,000,000     2010     9.91
                
Total   625,510,992       16.31
                

Risk, treasury and capital management

 

work. The increase in Wealth Management & Swiss Bank was due to the expectation that the capital requirement
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the shareholders’ meeting as well as a proportionate share of distributed dividends. As per the articles of association of UBS, there are no other classes of shares and no preferential rights for this business division will increase, taking into account current regulatory trends and capital positions of relevant competitors. The increase in the Corporate Center was related to the trends in risk-based capital and RWA seen under this segment.

UBS shares

The majority of our tier 1 capital comprises share premium and retained earnings attributed to UBS shareholders. As of 31 December 2011, total IFRS equity attributable to our shareholders amounted to CHF 53,447 million, and was represented by a total of 3,832,121,899 shares issued, of which 2.2% were held by UBS.

In 2011, shares issued were increased by a total of 1,281,386 shares due to exercises of employee options. Each share has a par value of CHF 0.10 and generally entitles the holder to one vote at the shareholders’ meeting as well as a proportionate share of distributed dividends. There are no preferential rights for shareholders and no other classes of shares are issued by the Parent Bank.

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Refer to the “Shareholders’ participation rights” section of this report for more information

Under Swiss company law, shareholders must approve in a shareholders’ meeting any increase in the total number of issued shares, which may arise from an ordinary share capital increase or the creation of conditional or authorized capital. The table below lists all shareholder-approved issuances of shares at year-end 2011.2012.

Holding of UBS shares

UBS holdsWe hold our own shares for two main purposes: in Group Treasuryprimarily to coverhedge employee share and option programs; and inparticipation plans. A smaller number are held by the Investment Bank to a limited extent, for trading purposes where the Investment Bank engages in market-making activitieshedging related derivatives and for market making in UBS shares and related derivative products. shares.

The holding of treasury shares on 31 December 20112012 increased to 84,955,551,87,879,601, or 2.2%2.3% of shares issued, from 38,892,031,84,955,551, or 1.0%2.2%, on the same date one year prior.

As of 31 December 2011,2012, employee options and stock appreciation rights to receive 10.517.8 million shares were exercisable. Shares held in treasury or newly issued shares issued are delivered to the

UBS shares

    31.12.12   31.12.11 
Shares outstanding    
           
Shares issued   3,835,250,233     3,832,121,899  
           

of which: issuance of shares related to employee option plans for the year ended

   3,128,334     1,281,386  
           
Treasury shares   87,879,601     84,955,551  
           
Shares outstanding   3,747,370,632     3,747,166,348  
           
Shareholders’ equity (CHF million)    
           
Equity attributable to UBS shareholders   45,895     48,530  
           
Less: goodwill and intangible assets   6,461     9,695  
           
Tangible shareholders’ equity   39,434     38,835  
           
Book value per share (CHF)    
           
Total book value per share   12.25     12.95  
           
Tangible book value per share   10.52     10.36  
           

Treasury share activities

 

  Treasury shares purchased for employee share and
option participation plans and acquisitions1
   Total number of shares 
Month of purchase  Number of shares   Average price in CHF   Number of shares (Cumulative)   Average price in CHF 

January 2012

   0     0.00     0     0.00  

February 2012

   0     0.00     0     0.00  

March 2012

   20,371,525     12.56     20,371,525     12.56  

April 2012

   5,628,475     12.64     26,000,000     12.58  

May 2012

   46,450,000     11.18     72,450,000     11.68  

June 2012

   0     0.00     72,450,000     11.68  

July 2012

   1,250,000     10.76     73,700,000     11.66  

August 2012

   0     0.00     73,700,000     11.66  

September 2012

   0     0.00     73,700,000     11.66  

October 2012

   0     0.00     73,700,000     11.66  

November 2012

   0     0.00     73,700,000     11.66  

December 2012

   0     0.00     73,700,000     11.66  
                     

1This table excludes market-making and related hedging purchases by the Investment Bank and reallocated UBS shares from the employee share-based compensation awards. The table also excludes UBS shares purchased by investment funds managed by UBS for clients in accordance with specified investment strategies that are established by each fund manager acting independently of UBS; and UBS shares purchased by pension and retirement benefit plans for UBS employees, which are managed by a board of UBS management and employee representatives in accordance with Swiss law guidelines. UBS’s pension and retirement benefit plans purchased 635,500 UBS shares during the year and held 2,234,500 UBS shares as of 31 December 2012.

Risk, treasury and capital management

Capital management

Trading volumes

                  
      For the year ended 

1000 shares

    31.12.12     31.12.11     31.12.10  
                  

SIX Swiss Exchange total

     3,046,539     3,974,639     4,166,417  

SIX Swiss Exchange daily average

     12,186     15,648     16,403  

NYSE total

     156,152     239,713     296,517  

NYSE daily average

    625     951     1,177  
                  

Source: Reuters

employee at exercise. On 31 December 2011, 75.72012, 74.1 million treasury shares

Shareholder-approved issuance of shares

    Maximum number of
shares to be issued
   Year approved by
shareholder general
meeting
   % of shares issued
31.12.11
 
Conditional capital      
                
SNB warrants   100,000,000     2009     2.61  
                
Employee equity participation plans of UBS AG   148,639,326     2006     3.88  
                
Conversion rights / warrants granted in connection with bonds   380,000,000     2010     9.92  
                
Total   628,639,326       16.44  
                
UBS shares               
         31.12.11   31.12.10 
Shares outstanding      
                
Ordinary shares issued     3,832,121,899     3,830,840,513  
                

of which: issue of shares for employee option plans for the year ended

     1,281,386     76,755  
                
Treasury shares     84,955,551     38,892,031  
                
Shares outstanding     3,747,166,348     3,791,948,482  
                
Shareholders equity (CHF million)      
                
Equity attributable to UBS shareholders     53,447     46,820  
                
Less: goodwill and intangible assets     9,695     9,822  
                
Tangible shareholders’ equity     43,752     36,998  
                
Book value per share (CHF)      
                
Total book value per share     14.26     12.35  
                
Tangible book value per share     11.68     9.76  
                

Risk, treasury and capital management

were available for this purpose, and an additional 148.6145.5 million unissued shares in conditional share capital were assigned to cover future employee option exercises. At the end of 2011,2012, the shares available covered all exercisable employee obligations.

The presentation in the table “Treasury share activities” shows the purchase of our shares by Group Treasury and does not include the activities of the Investment Bank.

Treasury shares held by the Investment Bank

The Investment Bank, acting as a liquidity provider to the equity index futures market and as a market-maker in our shares and derivatives, has issued derivatives linked to UBS stock. Most of these instruments are classified as cash-settled derivatives and are primarily issued to meet client demand and for trading purposes. To hedge the economic exposure, a limited number of our shares are held by the Investment Bank.

 è 

Refer to Note 8 “Earnings per share (EPS) and shares outstanding” for more information

Distributions to shareholders

The decision whether to pay a dividend, and the level of the dividend, are dependent on our progress to reach our targeted capital ratios and cash

flow generation. The decision on dividend payments is proposed by the BoD to the shareholders and is subject to their approval at the Annual General Meeting in May 2012.2013. We intend to propose a dividend for the financial year 2011distribution of CHF 0.100.15 per share.share against reserves from capital contribution to the shareholders in 2012. This is a 50% increase from last year.

Share liquidity

During 2011,2012, the average daily average volume traded in UBS shares on the SIX Swiss Exchange (SIX) was 15.612.2 million shares. On the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), it was 1.00.6 million shares. As the SIX trades a higher volume of UBS shares, it is expected to remain the main factor determining the movement in our share price.

During the hours in which both the SIX and NYSE are simultaneously open for trading (currently 3:30 p.m. to 5:30 p.m. Central European Time), price differences are likely to be arbitraged away by professional market-makers. The NYSE price will therefore typically be expected to depend on both the SIX price and the prevailing US dollar/Swiss franc exchange rate. When the SIX is closed for trading, traded volumes will typically be lower. However, the specialist firm making a market in UBS shares on the NYSE is required to facilitate sufficient liquidity and maintain an orderly market in UBS shares.

 

Treasury share activities

 

  Treasury shares purchased for employee share and
option participation plans and acquisitions1
   Total number of shares 
Month of purchase  Number of shares   Average price in CHF   Number of shares (cumulative)   Average price in CHF 

January 2011

   0     0.00     0     0.00  

February 2011

   19,040,000     18.53     19,040,000     18.53  

March 2011

   42,870,000     17.48     61,910,000     17.80  

April 2011

   0     0.00     61,910,000     17.80  

May 2011

   1,914,494     15.83     63,824,494     17.74  

June 2011

   34,015,961     15.27     97,840,455     16.88  

July 2011

   4,200,000     13.06     102,040,455     16.73  

August 2011

   9,840,000     11.69     111,880,455     16.28  

September 2011

   13,256,947     9.96     125,137,402     15.61  

October 2011

   0     0.00     125,137,402     15.61  

November 2011

   0     0.00     125,137,402     15.61  

December 2011

   0     0.00     125,137,402     15.61  
                     

1  This table excludes market-making and related hedging purchases by UBS. The table also excludes UBS shares purchased by investment funds managed by UBS for clients in accordance with specified investment strategies that are established by each fund manager acting independently of UBS; and also excludes UBS shares purchased by pension and retirement benefit plans for UBS employees, which are managed by a board of UBS management and employee representatives in accordance with Swiss law guidelines. UBS’s pension and retirement benefit plans purchased 378,000 UBS shares during the year and held 2,014,000 UBS shares as of 31 December 2011.

Trading volumes

                  
      For the year ended 

1,000 shares

    31.12.11     31.12.10     31.12.09  
                  

SIX Swiss Exchange total

     3,974,639     4,166,417     5,105,358  

SIX Swiss Exchange daily average

     15,648     16,403     20,340  

NYSE total

     239,713     296,517     222,052  

NYSE daily average

    951     1,177     881  
                  

Source: Reuters

Risk, treasury and capital management

Capital management

Stock exchange prices1

 

  SIX Swiss Exchange   New York Stock Exchange 

 

  High (CHF)   Low (CHF)   Period end (CHF)   High (USD)   Low (USD)   Period end (USD) 
2011   19.13     9.34     11.18     20.08     10.42     11.83  
                               
Fourth quarter 2011   12.23     9.80     11.18     14.21     10.47     11.83  
                               
December   11.62     10.60     11.18     12.55     11.33     11.83  
                               
November   11.41     9.80     11.18     12.79     10.60     12.47  
                               
October   12.23     9.84     11.21     14.21     10.47     12.62  
                               
Third quarter 2011   15.75     9.34     10.54     18.63     10.42     11.43  
                               
September   11.80     9.34     10.54     14.75     10.42     11.43  
                               
August   12.76     9.93     11.67     16.84     13.18     14.48  
                               
July   15.75     12.70     13.11     18.63     16.08     16.48  
                               
Second quarter 2011   17.60     14.37     15.33     20.03     17.20     18.26  
                               
June   16.55     14.37     15.33     19.62     17.20     18.26  
                               
May   17.43     15.66     16.34     20.01     17.82     19.32  
                               
April   17.60     15.93     17.29     20.03     17.76     20.00  
                               
First quarter 2011   19.13     15.43     16.48     20.08     16.11     18.05  
                               
March   18.60     16.26     16.48     19.99     17.73     18.05  
                               
February   19.13     16.86     18.45     20.08     18.05     19.85  
                               
January   17.57     15.43     16.93     18.54     16.11     17.96  
                               
2010   18.60     13.31     15.35     18.48     12.26     16.47  
                               
Fourth quarter 2010   17.83     14.92     15.35     18.48     14.99     16.47  
                               
Third quarter 2010   18.53     13.94     16.68     18.47     13.04     17.03  
                               
Second quarter 2010   18.60     14.15     14.46     17.75     12.26     13.22  
                               
First quarter 2010   17.50     13.31     17.14     16.84     12.40     16.28  
                               
2009   19.65     8.20     16.05     19.31     7.06     15.51  
                               
Fourth quarter 2009   19.34     14.76     16.05     19.18     15.03     15.51  
                               
Third quarter 2009   19.65     12.50     18.97     19.31     11.25     18.31  
                               
Second quarter 2009   17.51     10.56     13.29     15.82     9.40     12.21  
                               
First quarter 2009   17.00     8.20     10.70     15.31     7.06     9.43  
                               
2008   45.98     10.67     14.84     46.40     8.33     14.30  
                               
Fourth quarter 2008   24.00     10.67     14.84     21.30     8.33     14.30  
                               
Third quarter 2008   25.76     15.18     18.46     23.07     12.22     17.54  
                               
Second quarter 2008   35.11     20.96     21.44     36.02     20.41     20.66  
                               
First quarter 2008   45.98     21.52     25.67     46.40     22.33     28.80  
                               
2007   71.95     42.69     46.60     66.26     43.50     46.00  
                               
Fourth quarter 2007   61.05     42.69     46.60     58.01     43.50     46.00  
                               
Third quarter 2007   66.88     53.67     55.67     62.34     49.84     53.25  
                               
Second quarter 2007   71.55     63.72     65.46     66.26     58.73     60.01  
                               
First quarter 2007   71.95     59.76     64.21     64.30     55.40     59.43  
                               

1  Historical share price adjusted for the rights issue and stock dividend 2008.

Risk, treasury and capital management

 

Stock exchange prices1

 

  SIX Swiss Exchange   New York Stock Exchange 

 

  High (CHF)   Low (CHF)   Period end (CHF)   High (USD)   Low (USD)   Period end (USD) 
2012   15.62     9.69     14.27     16.99     9.78     15.74  
                               
Fourth quarter 2012   15.62     11.39     14.27     16.99     12.32     15.74  
                               
December   15.62     14.27     14.27     16.99     15.46     15.74  
                               
November   14.94     13.89     14.50     15.89     14.63     15.71  
                               
October   14.04     11.39     13.96     15.05     12.32     15.02  
                               
Third quarter 2012   12.60     9.69     11.45     13.57     9.78     12.18  
                               
September   12.60     10.55     11.45     13.57     11.01     12.18  
                               
August   11.19     10.08     10.68     11.52     10.15     11.15  
                               
July   11.35     9.69     10.29     11.88     9.78     10.60  
                               
Second quarter 2012   12.79     10.55     11.05     14.15     10.96     11.71  
                               
June   11.56     10.59     11.05     12.18     10.96     11.71  
                               
May   12.09     10.55     10.95     12.97     11.19     11.38  
                               
April   12.79     11.10     11.33     14.15     12.11     12.37  
                               
First quarter 2012   13.60     10.64     12.65     14.77     11.17     14.02  
                               
March   13.35     12.05     12.65     14.65     13.05     14.02  
                               
February   13.60     12.52     12.65     14.77     13.83     14.03  
                               
January   13.00     10.64     12.53     14.19     11.17     13.59  
                               
2011   19.13     9.34     11.18     20.08     10.42     11.83  
                               
Fourth quarter 2011   12.23     9.80     11.18     14.21     10.47     11.83  
                               
Third quarter 2011   15.75     9.34     10.54     18.63     10.42     11.43  
                               
Second quarter 2011   17.60     14.37     15.33     20.03     17.20     18.26  
                               
First quarter 2011   19.13     15.43     16.48     20.08     16.11     18.05  
                               
2010   18.60     13.31     15.35     18.48     12.26     16.47  
                               
Fourth quarter 2010   17.83     14.92     15.35     18.48     14.99     16.47  
                               
Third quarter 2010   18.53     13.94     16.68     18.47     13.04     17.03  
                               
Second quarter 2010   18.60     14.15     14.46     17.75     12.26     13.22  
                               
First quarter 2010   17.50     13.31     17.14     16.84     12.40     16.28  
                               
2009   19.65     8.20     16.05     19.31     7.06     15.51  
                               
Fourth quarter 2009   19.34     14.76     16.05     19.18     15.03     15.51  
                               
Third quarter 2009   19.65     12.50     18.97     19.31     11.25     18.31  
                               
Second quarter 2009   17.51     10.56     13.29     15.82     9.40     12.21  
                               
First quarter 2009   17.00     8.20     10.70     15.31     7.06     9.43  
                               
2008   45.98     10.67     14.84     46.40     8.33     14.30  
                               
Fourth quarter 2008   24.00     10.67     14.84     21.30     8.33     14.30  
                               
Third quarter 2008   25.76     15.18     18.46     23.07     12.22     17.54  
                               
Second quarter 2008   35.11     20.96     21.44     36.02     20.41     20.66  
                               
First quarter 2008   45.98     21.52     25.67     46.40     22.33     28.80  
                               

1Historical share price adjusted for the rights issue and stock dividend 2008.

Risk, treasury and capital management

Basel 2.5 Pillar 3

Basel 2.5 Pillar 3

186

Introduction

186

Table 1: Overview of disclosures

186

Risk exposure measures and derivation of risk-weighted assets

187

Scope of regulatory consolidation

188

Risk-weighted assets

188

Table 2: Detailed segmentation of BIS Basel 2.5 risk-weighted assets

189

Credit risk

189

Table 3: Credit risk exposures and RWA

190

Table 4: Regulatory gross credit exposure by geographical region

190

Table 5: Regulatory gross credit exposure by counterparty type

191

Table 6: Regulatory gross credit exposure by residual contractual maturity

192

Table 7: Derivation of regulatory net credit exposure

193

Table 8: Regulatory gross credit exposure covered by guarantees and credit derivatives

194

Advanced internal ratings-based approach

194

Table 9: Regulatory net credit exposure by internal UBS ratings

194

Table 10: Regulatory net exposure-weighted average loss given default by internal UBS ratings

195

Table 11: Regulatory net exposure-weighted average risk weight by internal UBS ratings

195

Standardized approach

196

Table 12: Regulatory gross and net credit exposure by risk weight under the standardized approach

196

Table 13: Eligible financial collateral recognized under the standardized approach

197

Impairment, default and credit loss

197

Table 14: Impaired assets by region

197

Table 15: Impaired assets by exposure segment

198

Table 16: Changes in allowances, provisions and specific credit valuation adjustments

198

Table 17: Total expected loss and actual credit loss

199

Other credit risk information

199

Table 18: Credit exposure of derivative instruments

200

Table 19: Credit derivatives

200

Table 20: Credit derivatives by counterparty

201

Investment positions

201

Table 21: Equity instruments for banking book positions

202

Market risk

202

Table 22: Group: regulatory value-at-risk (10-day, 99% confidence, 5 years of historical data) by business division and Corporate Center

203

Table 23: Group: regulatory value-at-risk (10-day, 99% confidence, 5 years of historical data) by risk type

203

Table 24: Group: regulatory value-at-risk (1-day, 99% confidence, 5 years of historical data) backtesting

204

Stressed value-at-risk

204

Table 25: Group: stressed value-at-risk (10-day, 99% confidence, 5 years of historical data) by business division and Corporate Center

204

Table 26: Group: stressed value-at-risk (10-day, 99% confidence, 5 years of historical data) by risk type

205

Incremental risk charge

205

Table 27: Group: incremental risk charge by business division and Corporate Center

205

Comprehensive risk charge

205

Table 28: Group: comprehensive risk charge

206

Securitization

206

Objectives, roles and involvement

184


Risk, treasury and capital management

208

Securitization in the banking and trading book

208

Table 29: Securitization activity of the year in the banking book

209

Table 30: Securitization activity of the year in the trading book

210

Table 31: Outstanding securitized exposures

211

Table 32: Impaired or past due securitized exposures and losses related to securitized exposures in the banking book

211

Table 33: Exposures intended to be securitized in the banking and trading book

212

Table 34: Securitization positions retained or purchased in the banking book

213

Table 35: Securitization positions retained or purchased in the trading book

214

Table 36: Capital requirement for securitization / re-securitization positions retained or purchased in the banking book

214

Table 37: Positions deducted from BIS tier 1 and BIS tier 2 capital

215

Securitization exposures subject to early amortizations in the banking book and trading book

215

Table 38: Re-securitization positions retained or purchased in the banking book

216

Table 39: Re-securitization positions retained or purchased in the trading book

217

Table 40: Aggregated amount of securitized exposures subject to the market risk approach

218

Table 41: Correlation products subject to the comprehensive risk measure or the securitization framework for specific risk

218

Table 42: Securitization positions and capital requirement for trading book positions subject to the securitization framework

219

Table 43: Capital requirement / Deductions for securitization positions related to correlation products

185


Risk, treasury and capital management

Basel 2.5 Pillar 3

 

Introduction

The capital adequacy framework consists of three pillars, each of which focuses on a different aspect of capital adequacy. Pillar 1 provides a framework for measuring minimum capital requirements for the credit, market and operational risks faced by banks. Pillar 2 addresses the principles of the supervisory review process, emphasizing the need for a qualitative approach to supervising banks. The aim of Pillar 3 isaims to encourage market discipline by requiring banks to publish a range of disclosures on risk and capital.

The Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) requires us to publish comprehensive quantitative and qualitative Pillar 3 disclosures at least annually, as well as an update of quantitative disclosures and any significant changes to qualitative information at least semi-annually.

In certain cases, our Pillar 3 disclosures may differ from the way we manage our risks and to how these risks are disclosed in our quarterly reports and in other sections of this annual report.

Basel 2.5Risk exposure measures and derivation of risk-weighted assets

Revisions toMeasures of risk exposure may differ depending on whether the Basel II market risk framework published in July 2009 and the enhancements to the Basel II framework (commonly referred to as Basel 2.5)exposures are calculated for financial accounting under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), introduced new capital requirements to increase the amount offor determining our regulatory capital or for internal management of the firm. Our Basel 2.5 Pillar 3 disclosures are generally based on the measures of risk exposure used to calculate the regulatory capital required to underpin those risks.

The table on the next page provides a more detailed summary of the approaches we use for the main risk categories for determining regulatory capital.

The naming conventions for the exposure segments used in the banking system.following tables are based on Bank for International Settlements (BIS) rules and differ from those under Swiss and EU regulations. For example, “sovereigns” under the BIS naming convention equate to what are termed “central governments and central banks” under the Swiss and EU regulations. Similarly, “banks” equate to “institutions” and “residential mortgages” to “claims secured on residential real estate”.

The new measures under Basel 2.5 include:Although we use BIS guidelines to determine risk-weighted assets (RWA) in this report, our calculation of the regulatory capital requirement is based on FINMA regulations, which are more conservative and result in higher RWA.

a stressed value-at-risk (VaR) requirement taking into account a one year observation period relating to significant losses;

an incremental risk charge, which accounts for default and rating migration risk of trading book positions;

a comprehensive risk measure to capture correlated defaults and other complex price risk in the correlation portfolio;

a revised requirement for the other securitization positions held for trading, in line with the banking book capital charges; and

higher risk weights for re-securitization exposures across the trading and banking book to better reflect the inherent risk in these products.

 

 

Table 1: Overview of disclosures

 

The following table provides an overview of our Basel 2.5 Pillar 3 disclosures in our Annual Report 2011:2012.

 

Basel 2.5 Pillar 3 requirement Disclosure in the Annual Report 20112012
Scope of consolidation“Note 1”, “Note 34” in the “Financial information” section and Basel 2.5 Pillar 3 section
Capital structure “Capital management” section
Capital adequacy “Capital management” and “Basel 2.5 Pillar 3” sections
Risk management objectives, policies and methodologies (qualitative disclosures) “Risk management and control” section
Credit risk “Risk management and control” and “Basel 2.5 Pillar 3” sectionsections
Investment positions “Basel 2.5 Pillar 3” section
Market risk “Risk management and control” and “Basel 2.5 Pillar 3” sections
Securitization“Basel 2.5 Pillar 3” section
Operational risk “Risk management and control” section
Interest rate risk in the banking book “Risk management and control” section
Securitization“Basel 2.5 Pillar 3” section
Remuneration“Compensation” section and “Note 31” in the “Financial information” section

Risk, treasury and capital management

Basel 2.5 Pillar 3

 

These additional measurements are described and reported below. The first public disclosure of this information was required as of 31 December 2011; comparatives are not required.

Besides introducing these additional charges, Basel 2.5 also had an impact on how VaR is converted into market risk RWA: (i) there is only a single multiplier applied to VaR compared with separate multipliers for general market risk and specific market risk that were applied under Basel II; and (ii) the securitization positions in the trading book captured under the revised treatment, in line with banking book rules, may be excluded from the specific risk calculation in VaR. Each of these led to a reduction in the baseline VaR charge, and therefore also have to be taken into account when looking at the effect of the introduction of Basel 2.5.

Risk exposure measures and derivation of risk-weighted assets

As noted above, measures of risk exposure may differ depending on the purpose for which exposures are calculated: financial accounting under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), determination of our regulatory capital or internal management of the firm. Our Basel 2.5 Pillar 3 disclosures are generally based on the measures of risk exposure that are used to calculate the regulatory capital that is required to underpin those risks.

The table on the next page provides a more detailed summary of the approaches we use for the main risk categories for the determinationScope of regulatory capital.consolidation

The naming conventions for the exposure segments used in the following tables are based on BIS rules and differ from those under Swiss and EU regulations. For example, “sovereigns” under

the BIS naming convention equate to “central governments and central banks” as used under the Swiss and EU regulations. Similarly, “banks” equate to “institutions” and “residential mortgages” equate to “claims secured on residential real estate.”

Although we determine published risk-weighted assets (RWA) according to BIS guidelines, our calculation of the regulatory capital requirement is based on the regulations of FINMA, which are more conservative and therefore result in higher RWA.

Generally, the scope offor consolidation for purposes ofwhen calculating these regulatory capital requirements follows the IFRS consolidation rules for subsidiaries directly or indirectly controlled by UBS AG whichthat are active in the banking and finance business, but excludes subsidiaries in other sectors. The significant operating subsidiaries in the UBS Group (Group) consolidated for IFRS purposes and significant changes to the scope are listed in“Note 33 “Note 34 Significant subsidiaries and associates”in the “Financial information” section of this report.

è

Refer to “Note 1” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

The main differences in the basis of consolidation for IFRS and regulatory capital purposes relate to the following entity types, and apply regardless of our level of control:control. As of 31 December 2012:

Real175 real estate and commercial companies and investment schemes are not consolidated for regulatory capital purposes, but are risk-weighted.

Insurance10 insurance companies are not consolidated for regulatory capital purposes, but are deducted from capital.

2 joint ventures controlled by two ventures are fully consolidated for regulatory capital purposes, and are accounted for under the equity method for IFRS.

Securitization vehicles are not consolidated for regulatory capital purposes but are treated under the securitization framework.

Joint ventures that are controlled by two ventures are fully consolidated for regulatory capital purposes, whereas they are accounted for under the equity method for IFRS.

Subsidiaries which are not included in the regulatory consolidation did not report any capital deficiencies in 2012. 109 entities are neither consolidated under IFRS nor consolidated under the regulatory scope of consolidation. These entities are deducted from eligible capital. This category mainly covers infrastructure holdings and joint operations (e.g. settlement and clearing institutions, stock and financial futures exchanges).

 

Risk, treasury and capital management

 

Category UBS approach
Credit risk 

Under the advanced internal ratings-based approach applied for the majority of our businesses, credit risk weights are determined by reference to internal counterparty ratings and loss given default estimates. We use internal models, approved by FINMA, to measure the credit risk exposures to third parties on over-the-counter derivatives and repurchase-style transactions. For a subset of our credit portfolio, we apply the standardized approach, based on external ratings.

Non-counterparty related risk 

Non-counterparty relatedNon-counterparty-related assets such as our premises, other properties and equipment require capital underpinning according to prescribed regulatory risk weights.

Settlement risk 

Capital requirements for failed transactions are determined according to the rules for failed trades and non delivery-versus-paymentnondelivery-versus-payment transactions under the BIS Basel framework.

Equity exposures outside trading book 

Simple risk weightrisk-weight method under the advanced internal ratings-based approach.

Market risk 

Regulatory capital requirement is derived from our VaR.value-at-risk (VaR), which is approved by FINMA. It includes regulatory VaR, stressed VaR, an incremental risk charge and the comprehensive risk measure.

Operational risk 

We have developed a model to quantify operational risk, which meets the regulatory capital standard under the advanced measurement approach.approach and is approved by FINMA.

Securitization exposures 

Securitization exposures in the banking book are assessed using the advanced internal ratings-based approach, applying risk weights based on external ratings. Securitization exposures in the trading book are assessed for their general market risk as well as for their specific risk. The capital charged for the general market risk is determined by the VaR method, whereas the capital charge for the specific risk is determined using the comprehensive“comprehensive risk measuremeasure” method or the internal ratings-based approach applying risk weights based on external ratings.

Risk, treasury and capital management

Basel 2.5 Pillar 3

 

Risk-weighted assets

The “Detailed segmentation of BIS Basel 2.5 risk-weighted assets” table provides a granular breakdown of our risk-weighted assets. The table also shows the net exposure at default (EaD) per category for the current disclosure period, which forms the basis for the calculation of the risk-weighted assets.

 è 

Refer to the “Capital management” section of this report for more information

 è 

Refer to the table “Derivation of regulatory net credit exposure” for BIS exposure segment definitions

Table 2: Detailed segmentation of BIS Basel 2.5 risk-weighted assets

 

  31.12.12   31.12.11 

 

  Net EAD   RWA   RWA 
CHF million       Advanced
IRB approach
   Standardized
approach
   Total   Total 
Credit risk   566,505     73,847     21,733     95,580     116,129  
                          

Sovereigns

   142,150     3,205     222     3,427     9,290  
                          

Banks

   54,580     8,654     2,083     10,737     14,006  
                          

Corporates

   154,433     43,250     16,312     59,562     75,385  
                          

Retail

   215,342     18,737     3,116     21,854     17,447  
                          

Residential mortgages

   128,676     13,888     1,362     15,250     11,164  
                          

Lombard lending

   82,271     4,111       4,111     3,345  
                          

Other retail

   4,396     739     1,754     2,493     2,937  
                          
Securitization / Re-securitization exposures1   21,448     7,136       7,136     7,287  
                          

Banking book exposures

   14,995     5,497       5,497     4,147  
                          

Trading book exposures

   6,453     1,639       1,639     3,139  
                          
Non-counterparty related risk   26,610       6,248     6,248     6,050  
                          
Settlement risk (failed trades)   141     28     91     118     79  
                          
Equity exposures outside trading book2   798     2,972       2,972     3,310  
                          
Market risk     27,173       27,173     49,241  
                          

Value-at-risk (VaR)

     5,686       5,686     7,935  
                          

Stressed value-at-risk (sVaR)

     7,367       7,367     13,117  
                          

Incremental risk charge (IRC)

     5,192       5,192     19,564  
                          

Comprehensive risk measure (CRM)

     8,928       8,928     8,625  
                          
Operational risk3     53,277       53,277     58,867  
                          
Total BIS   615,501     164,434     28,071     192,505     240,962  
                          
Additional RWA according to FINMA regulations4         15,190     15,475  
                          
Total FINMA RWA5         207,695     256,437  
                          

1  On 31 December 2012, CHF 2.9 billion of the securitization exposures, including CHF 2.1 billion for the option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity, were deducted from capital and therefore did not generate RWA (on 31 December 2011, a total of CHF 5.3 billion of securitization exposures were deducted from capital, which included CHF 1.6 billion for the option to acquire the equity of the SNB StabFund).  2  Simple risk weight method.  3  Advanced measurement approach.  4  Reflects an additional charge of 10% on credit risk RWA for exposures treated under the standardized approach, a surcharge of 200% for RWA of non-counterparty related assets and additional requirements for market risk.  5  As of 31 December 2012, the FINMA tier 1 ratio amounts to 19.7% (15.0% for 31 December 2011) and the FINMA total capital ratio to 23.4% (16.2% for 31 December 2011).

Risk, treasury and capital management

Credit risk

The tables in this section provide details on the exposures used to determine the firm’s credit risk regulatory capital. The parameters applied under the advanced internal ratings-based approach are generally based on the same methodologies, data and systems we use for internal credit risk quantification, except where certain treatments are specified by regulatory requirements. These include, for example, the application of

regulatory prescribed floors and multipliers, and differences with respect to eligibility criteria and exposure definitions. The exposure information presented in this section therefore differs therefore from that disclosed in the “Risk management and control” section of this report. Similarly, the regulatory capital prescribed measure of credit risk exposure also differs from that required under IFRS.

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Refer to “Note 29c Maximum exposure to credit risk and credit quality information” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

For the calculationmajority of our derivative exposures towe determine our required regulatory capital we applyby applying the effective expected positive exposure as defined in Annex 4 toof the Basel framework. For a small portion of the derivatives portfolio we alsoinstead apply the current exposure method based on the replacement value of derivatives in combination with a regulatory prescribed add-on.

The regulatory net credit exposure detailed in the tables in this section is shown as the regulatory exposure at default after applying collateral, netting and other eligible risk mitigants permitted by the relevant regulations. This section also presents information on impaired and defaulted assets in aby segmentation which is consistent with the regulatory capital calculation.

 

 

Detailed segmentation of BIS risk-weighted assets

 

  31.12.11   31.12.10 

 

  Net EaD   Basel 2.5 RWA   Basel II RWA 
CHF million       Advanced
IRB approach
   Standardized
approach
   Total   Total 
Credit risk   556,577     92,688     23,440     116,129     109,096  
                          

Sovereigns

   107,479     8,959     331     9,290     6,577  
                          

Banks

   63,651     11,848     2,158     14,006     14,528  
                          

Corporates

   183,816     58,768     16,617     75,385     71,542  
                          

Retail

   201,632     13,112     4,334     17,447     16,450  
                          

Residential mortgages

   123,650     9,311     1,854     11,164     10,871  
                          

Lombard lending

   73,681     3,345     0     3,345     3,074  
                          

Other retail

   4,300     457     2,481     2,937     2,504  
                          
Securitization / Re-securitization exposures1   19,684     7,287       7,287     7,085  
                          

Banking book exposures

   10,165     4,147       4,147     7,085  
                          

Trading book exposures

   9,519     3,139       3,139    
                          
Non-counterparty related risk   17,417       6,050     6,050     6,195  
                          
Settlement risk (failed trades)   80     21     58     79     47  
                          
Equity exposures outside trading book2   881     3,310       3,310     3,691  
                          
Market risk     49,241       49,241     20,813  
                          

Value-at-risk (VaR)

     7,935       7,935     20,813  
                          

Stressed value-at-risk (sVaR)

     13,117       13,117    
                          

Incremental risk charge (IRC)

     19,564       19,564    
                          

Comprehensive risk measure (CRM)

     8,625       8,625    
                          
Operational risk3     58,867       58,867     51,948  
                          
Total BIS   594,639     211,414     29,548     240,962     198,875  
                          
Additional RWA according to FINMA regulations4         15,475     16,135  
                          
Total FINMA RWA5         256,437     215,010  
                          

1  On 31 December 2011, CHF 5.3 billion of the securitization exposures, including CHF 1.6 billion for the option to acquire the SNB StabFund equity, were deducted from capital and therefore did not generate RWA (on 31 December 2010 a total of CHF 4.8 billion of securitization exposures were deducted as well as CHF 1.8 billion for the option to acquire the SNB StabFund).  2  Simple risk weight method.  3  Advanced measurement approach.  4  Reflects an additional charge of 10% on credit risk RWA for exposures treated under the standardized approach, a surcharge of 200% for RWA of non-counterparty related assets and additional requirements for market risk.  5  As of 31 December 2011, the FINMA tier 1 ratio amounts to 15.0% (15.6% for 2010, Basel II) and the FINMA total capital ratio to 16.2% (18.0% for 2010, Basel II).

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Table 3: Credit risk exposures and RWA

 

This table shows the average exposure and the derivation of RWA from the regulatory gross credit exposure.exposure, broken down by major types of credit exposure according to classes of financial instruments.

 

 Exposure Average regulatory
risk weighting2
 RWA  Exposure Average regulatory
risk-weighting
 RWA1 
CHF million 

Average regulatory

gross credit

exposure

 Regulatory gross
credit exposure
 Less: regulatory
credit risk offsets
and adjustments1
 Regulatory net
credit exposure
        Average regulatory
gross credit
exposure
 Regulatory gross
credit exposure
 Less: regulatory
credit risk offsets
and adjustments
 Regulatory net
credit exposure
       
Cash and balances with central banks  38,266    38,550     38,550    3%    1,217    81,614    64,102     64,102    0%    226  
  
Due from banks  20,026    21,102    (9,185  11,917    24%    2,827    26,874    19,668    (6,833  12,835    21%    2,758  
  �� 
Loans  254,595    259,474    (3,460  256,014    14%    36,905    267,708    273,988    (4,257  269,731    15%    40,644  
  
Financial assets designated at fair value  7,373    9,093    (5,090  4,003    52%    2,084    5,737    3,786    (1,852  1,934    38%    742  
  
Off-balance sheet3  43,258    43,435    (3,252  40,184    33%    13,317  
Off-balance sheet  40,625    36,866    (371  36,496    26%    9,493  
  
Banking products  363,518    371,654    (20,986  350,668    16%    56,350    422,558    398,411    (13,312  385,098    14%    53,862  
  
Derivatives  75,172    72,558     72,558    50%    36,280    59,733    53,576     53,576    42%    22,383  
  
Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments  8,521    6,633     6,633    16%    1,034    5,794    2,922     2,922    29%    836  
  
Securities financing  58,614    55,954     55,954    11%    5,947    50,306    40,937     40,937    7%    3,049  
  
Traded products  142,307    135,144     135,144    32%    43,260    115,833    97,436     97,436    27%    26,268  
  
Trading portfolio assets  6,874    7,145    (67  7,077    59%    4,152    7,027    6,341    (52  6,290    63%    3,955  
  
Financial investments available-for-sale4  57,891    51,589     51,589    3%    1,507  
Financial investments available-for-sale2  62,320    65,324     65,324    1%    870  
  
Accrued income and prepaid expenses  6,053    6,040    (53  5,987    80%    4,778    6,299    6,183    (58  6,125    77%    4,741  
  
Other assets  25,000    13,792    (7,680  6,112    99%    6,081    13,105    11,268    (5,036  6,232    94%    5,885  
  
Other products  95,818    78,565    (7,800  70,765    23%    16,518    88,751    89,116    (5,145  83,971    18%    15,450  
  
Total 31.12.12  627,142    584,963    (18,458  566,505    17%    95,580  
 
Total 31.12.11  601,644    585,364    (28,786  556,577    21%    116,129    601,644    585,364    (28,786  556,577    21%    116,129  
  
Total 31.12.10  605,386    573,174    (31,608  541,565    20%    109,096  
 

1  Mainly includes margin accounts for derivatives.  2  The derivation of RWA is based on the various credit risk parameters of the advanced IRB approach and the standardized approach.approach, respectively.  3  Includes guarantees, loan commitments and forward starting transactions.  42  Excludes equity positions.

Risk, treasury and capital management

Basel 2.5 Pillar 3

Table 4: Regulatory gross credit exposure by geographical region

 

This table provides a breakdown of our portfolio by major types of credit exposure according to classes of financial instruments and also by geographical regions. The lattergeographical distribution is based on the legal domicile of the counterparty.counterparty or issuer.

 

 

CHF million Switzerland Rest of
Europe
 North
America1
 Latin
America
 Asia
Pacific
 Middle East
and Africa
 Total regulatory
gross credit
exposure
 Total regulatory
net credit
exposure
  Switzerland Rest of
Europe
 North
America
 Latin
America
 Asia
Pacific
 Middle East
and Africa
 Total regulatory
gross credit
exposure
 Total regulatory
net credit
exposure
 
Cash and balances with central banks  24,872    6,778    3,572     3,328     38,550    38,550    24,142    4,891    30,166     4,903     64,102    64,102  
  
Due from banks  522    10,602    3,835    195    5,770    178    21,102    11,917    529    10,484    4,071    78    4,305    200    19,668    12,835  
  
Loans  160,322    20,900    55,337    5,480    13,825    3,610    259,474    256,014    163,590    23,106    62,004    5,263    15,969    4,056    273,988    269,731  
  
Financial assets designated at fair value   1,885    6,802    54    328    23    9,093    4,003    94    1,216    2,099    52    36    288    3,786    1,934  
  
Off-balance sheet2  7,097    8,299    23,389    395    3,813    442    43,435    40,184  
Off-balance sheet  7,313    7,594    19,823    469    1,302    366    36,866    36,496  
  
Banking products  192,814    48,464    92,936    6,124    27,064    4,253    371,654    350,668    195,669    47,291    118,163    5,861    26,515    4,910    398,411    385,098  
  
Derivatives  6,916    31,227    25,034    836    7,774    772    72,558    72,558    5,406    23,861    17,282    519    5,802    706    53,576    53,576  
  
Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments  228    4,451    1,508    28    145    272    6,633    6,633    70    1,752    649    26    215    209    2,922    2,922  
  
Securities financing  5,004    17,575    27,073    444    4,860    996    55,954    55,954    2,523    21,013    13,730    272    2,767    633    40,937    40,937  
  
Traded products  12,148    53,253    53,615    1,308    12,778    2,041    135,144    135,144    7,999    46,626    31,661    817    8,784    1,549    97,436    97,436  
  
Trading portfolio assets   2,260    2,820    126    1,833    107    7,145    7,077     2,592    2,452    72    1,184    40    6,341    6,290  
  
Financial investments available-for-sale3  319    12,928    29,153    2    9,151    35    51,589    51,589  
Financial investments available-for-sale1  1,436    24,328    34,952    21    4,556    31    65,324    65,324  
  
Accrued income and prepaid expenses  402    1,191    4,250    18    167    12    6,040    5,987    374    1,269    4,323    17    187    12    6,183    6,125  
  
Other assets  4,498    2,516    6,424    3    319    31    13,792    6,112    4,634    3,136    3,006    9    462    22    11,268    6,232  
  
Other products  5,219    18,895    42,647    150    11,470    184    78,565    70,765    6,444    31,325    44,733    119    6,390    105    89,116    83,971  
  
Total 31.12.12  210,112    125,242    194,557    6,798    41,690    6,564    584,963    566,505  
 
Total 31.12.11  210,181    120,612    189,198    7,582    51,312    6,479    585,364    556,577    210,181    120,612    189,198    7,582    51,312    6,479    585,364    556,577  
  
Total 31.12.10  199,486    127,115    182,340    6,149    51,874    6,209    573,174    541,565  
 

1  Includes the Caribbean.  2  Includes guarantees, loan commitments and forward starting transactions.  3  Excludes equity positions.

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Table 5: Regulatory gross credit exposure by counterparty type

 

This table provides a breakdown of our portfolio by major types of credit exposure according to classes of financial instruments and also by counterparty type. The classification of counterparty type applied here is also used for the grouping of the balance sheet. The counterparty type is different from the exposure segments defined under the Basel framework and used in certain other tables in this section.

 

CHF million Private
individuals
 Corporates1 Public entities
(including
sovereigns and
central-banks)
 Banks and
multilateral
institutions
 Total
regulatory
gross credit
exposure
 Total
regulatory
net credit
exposure
   Private
individuals
   Corporates1   Public entities
(including
sovereigns and
central banks)
   Banks and
multilateral
institutions
   Total
regulatory
gross credit
exposure
   Total
regulatory
net credit
exposure
 
Cash and balances with central banks   2    38,166    382    38,550    38,550       3     63,812     288     64,102     64,102  
                   
Due from banks    317    20,785    21,102    11,917         633     19,035     19,668     12,835  
                   
Loans  165,269    89,325    4,879     259,474    256,014     173,982     95,485     4,521       273,988     269,731  
                   
Financial assets designated at fair value   5,756     3,337    9,093    4,003       2,872     67     847     3,786     1,934  
                   
Off-balance sheet2  2,601    38,583    564    1,687    43,435    40,184  
Off-balance sheet   2,362     32,836     201     1,468     36,866     36,496  
                   
Banking products  167,871    133,667    43,926    26,191    371,654    350,668     176,344     131,195     69,235     21,637     398,411     385,098  
                   
Derivatives  1,653    35,771    17,796    17,338    72,558    72,558     1,041     25,240     9,831     17,464     53,576     53,576  
                   
Cash collateral receivables on derivative financial instruments   2,762    445    3,426    6,633    6,633     2     1,126     280     1,514     2,922     2,922  
                   
Securities financing  168    41,597    4,082    10,107    55,954    55,954     270     30,383     4,627     5,657     40,937     40,937  
                   
Traded products  1,820    80,129    22,323    30,872    135,144    135,144     1,313     56,749     14,738     24,636     97,436     97,436  
                   
Trading portfolio assets   4,589    1,847    708    7,145    7,077       4,810     1,194     337     6,341     6,290  
                   
Financial investments available-for-sale3  3    9,140    36,903    5,543    51,589    51,589  
Financial investments available-for-sale2     9,420     49,555     6,348     65,324     65,324  
                   
Accrued income and prepaid expenses  4,050    1,161    173    656    6,040    5,987     4,046     1,330     160     646     6,183     6,125  
                   
Other assets  1,618    11,543    148    485    13,792    6,112     1,164     9,532     346     226     11,268     6,232  
                   
Other products  5,671    26,433    39,070    7,391    78,565    70,765     5,210     25,093     51,255     7,558     89,116     83,971  
                   
Total 31.12.12   182,867     213,037     135,228     53,830     584,963     566,505  
                  
Total 31.12.11  175,361    240,229    105,319    64,454    585,364    556,577     175,361     240,229     105,319     64,454     585,364     556,577  
                   
Total 31.12.10  167,150    221,206    118,556    66,261    573,174    541,565  
 

1  Also includes non-bank financial institutions.    2  Includes guarantees, loan commitments and forward starting transactions.  3Excludes equity positions.

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Table 6: Regulatory gross credit exposure by residual contractual maturity

 

This table provides a breakdown of our portfolio by major types of credit exposure according to classes of financial instruments and also by maturity. The latter distribution is based on the residual contractual maturity.

 

CHF million Due in
1 year or less
 Due over
1 year to 5 years
 Due over
5 years
 Other1 Total
regulatory
gross credit
exposure
 Total
regulatory
net credit
exposure
   Due in
1 year or less
   

Due between
1 year and

5 years

   Due over
5 years
   Other1   Total
regulatory
gross credit
exposure
   Total
regulatory
net credit
exposure
 
Cash and balances with central banks     38,550    38,550    38,550           64,102     64,102     64,102  
                   
Due from banks  3,849    703    77    16,473    21,102    11,917     6,063     144     25     13,435     19,668     12,835  
                   
Loans  114,790    78,193    32,476    34,015    259,474    256,014     95,381     71,671     35,199     71,737     273,988     269,731  
                   
Financial assets designated at fair value  1,717    5,875    1,483    18    9,093    4,003     727     2,492     552     15     3,786     1,934  
                   
Off-balance sheet2  11,652    28,945    2,569    270    43,435    40,184  
Off-balance sheet   7,730     26,451     2,566     119     36,866     36,496  
                   
Banking products  132,009    113,715    36,604    89,326    371,654    350,668     109,901     100,758     38,343     149,409     398,411     385,098  
                   
Derivatives  26,619    13,460    32,475    4    72,558    72,558     19,711     11,985     21,875     6     53,576     53,576  
                   
Cash collateral receivables on derivative financial instruments     6,633    6,633    6,633     1         2,921     2,922     2,922  
                   
Securities financing  11,954    576    30    43,393    55,954    55,954     8,327     610     23     31,978     40,937     40,937  
                   
Traded products  38,573    14,036    32,505    50,030    135,144    135,144     28,039     12,595     21,898     34,905     97,436     97,436  
                   
Trading portfolio assets  2,516    2,242    2,378    8    7,145    7,077     1,534     2,761     1,988     58     6,341     6,290  
                   
Financial investments available-for-sale3  32,238    9,814    9,537     51,589    51,589  
Financial investments available-for-sale2   36,651     20,511     8,162       65,324     65,324  
                   
Accrued income and prepaid expenses     6,040    6,040    5,987           6,183     6,183     6,125  
                   
Other assets     13,792    13,792    6,112           11,268     11,268     6,232  
                   
Other products  34,754    12,056    11,915    19,841    78,565    70,765     38,185     23,272     10,150     17,509     89,116     83,971  
                   
Total 31.12.12   176,125     136,625     70,391     201,822     584,963     566,505  
                  
Total 31.12.11  205,337    139,807    81,024    159,196    585,364    556,577     205,337     139,807     81,024     159,196     585,364     556,577  
                   
Total 31.12.10  201,173    134,036    91,542    146,423    573,174    541,565  
 

1  Includes positions without an agreed residual contractual maturity, for example loans without a fixed term and cash collateral receivables on derivative financial instruments, on which notice of termination has not been given.22  Includes guarantees, loan commitments and forward starting transactions.  3  Excludes equity positions.

166


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191


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Basel 2.5 Pillar 3

 

Table 7: Derivation of regulatory net credit exposure

 

 

This table provides a derivation of the regulatory net credit exposure from the regulatory gross credit exposure according to the advanced internal ratings-based approach and the standardized approach. The table also provides a breakdown according to BIS definedBIS-defined exposure segments.

These are definedsegments as follows:

 

Corporates:Corporates,consists consisting of all exposures that do not fit into any of the other exposure segments listed below. ItThis segment includes private commercial entities such as corporations, partnerships or proprietorships, insurance companies, funds, exchanges and clearing houses.

 

Sovereigns (central governments and central banks as defined under Swiss and EU regulations):,consists consisting of exposures relating to sovereign states and their central banks, the BIS, the International Monetary Fund, the EU including(including the European Central BankBank) and eligible multilateral development banks.

 

Banks (as defined under Swiss and EU regulations):,consists consisting of exposures towards banks, i.e.to legal entities holding a banking license. This segment

  

holding a banking license. It also includes those securities firms that are subject to supervisory and regulatory arrangements, including risk-based capital requirements, which are comparable to those applied to banks according to the framework, including, in particular, risk-based capital requirements.framework. The BIS regulation also defines this regulatory exposure segment to includeincludes exposures to public sector entities with tax-raising power or entities whose liabilities are fully guaranteed by a public entity.entity in this segment.

 

Residential mortgages (claims secured on residential real estate as defined under Swiss and EU regulations):,consistsconsisting of residential mortgages, regardless of exposure size, if the obligor owns and occupies or rents out the mortgaged property.

 

Lombard lending:lending,consisting of loans which are made against the pledge of eligible marketable securities or cash.

 

Other retail:retail,consistsconsisting of exposures to small businesses, private clients and other retail customers without mortgage financing.

CHF million  Advanced IRB
approach
  Standardized
approach
  Total 31.12.11  Total 31.12.10 
Total regulatory gross credit exposure   492,089    93,275    585,364    573,174  
                  
Less: regulatory credit risk offsets and adjustments1   (23,292  (5,494  (28,786  (31,608
                  
Total regulatory net credit exposure   468,796    87,781    556,577   
                  
Total 31.12.10   436,214    105,352     541,565  
                  
Breakdown of the regulatory net credit exposure by exposure segment     
                  
Corporates   159,853    23,963    183,816    167,718  
                  
Sovereigns   58,727    48,752    107,479    112,036  
                  
Banks   55,953    7,698    63,651    75,469  
                  
Retail     
                  

Residential mortgages

   119,565    4,085    123,650    120,298  
                  

Lombard lending

   73,681     73,681    62,355  
                  

Other retail

   1,018    3,283    4,300    3,688  
                  
Total regulatory net credit exposure   468,796    87,781    556,577   
                  
Total 31.12.10   436,214    105,352     541,565  
                  

1  Mainly includes margin accounts for derivatives.

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Regulatory gross credit exposure covered by guarantees and credit derivatives

This table provides a breakdown of collateral information, showing exposures covered by guarantees as well as those covered by credit derivatives, according to BIS defined exposure segments.

The collateral amounts in the table reflect the values used for determining regulatory capital. However, we

utilize credit hedging to reduce concentrated exposure to individual names or sectors or in specific portfolios, which is not fully reflected in the regulatory numbers in this section.

è

Refer to the “Credit risk” section of this report for more information on credit risk mitigation

 

 

CHF million Exposure covered  by
guarantees1
 Exposure covered by
credit derivatives
   Advanced IRB
approach
 Standardized
approach
 Total 31.12.12 Total 31.12.11 
Exposure segment  
Total regulatory gross credit exposure   441,859    143,104    584,963    585,364  
   
Less: regulatory credit risk offsets and adjustments1   (13,345  (5,112  (18,458  (28,786
   
Total regulatory net credit exposure   428,513    137,992    566,505   
   
Total 31.12.11   468,796    87,781     556,577  
   
Breakdown of the regulatory net credit exposure by exposure segment     
    
Corporates  5,864    17,132     132,829    21,604    154,433    183,816  
    
Sovereigns  92    63  
Sovereigns1   37,796    104,354    142,150    107,479  
    
Banks  504    102     48,506    6,073    54,580    63,651  
    
Retail       
    

Residential mortgages

  6      125,051    3,625    128,676    123,650  
    

Lombard lending

  493      82,271     82,271    73,681  
    

Other retail

  44      2,060    2,336    4,396    4,300  
    
Total regulatory net credit exposure   428,513    137,992    566,505   
   
Total 31.12.11  7,003    17,297     468,796    87,781     556,577  
    
Total 31.12.10  4,697    20,103  
 

1Includes guaranteeshigh-quality liquid short-term securities issued by governments, government-controlled institutions, and stand-by letters of credit provided by third parties, mainlycentral banks.

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Table 8: Regulatory gross credit exposure covered by guarantees and credit derivatives

This table provides a breakdown of exposures covered by guarantees as well as those covered by credit derivatives, according to Basel-defined exposure segments.

The amounts in the table reflect the values used for determining regulatory capital to the extent collateral is eligible under the Basel framework.

CHF million  Exposure covered  by
guarantees1
   Exposure covered by
credit derivatives
 
Exposure segment    
           
Corporates   5,923     16,147  
           
Sovereigns   59     87  
           
Banks   363     97  
           
Retail    
           

Residential mortgages

   7    
           

Lombard lending

   408    
           

Other retail

   52    
           
Total 31.12.12   6,813     16,331  
           
Total 31.12.11   7,003     17,297  
           

1  Includes guarantees and stand-by letters of credit provided by third parties, mainly banks.

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Advanced IRBinternal ratings-based approach

Table 9: Advanced IRBinternal ratings-based approach: regulatoryRegulatory net credit exposure by internal UBS ratings

 

This table provides a breakdown of the regulatory net credit exposure of our credit portfolio (including loan commitments) using the advanced internal ratings-based approach according to our internal rating classes.

 

  Internal UBS ratings   Internal UBS rating 

CHF million, except
where indicated

  Investment
grade
 Sub-investment
grade
 Defaulted1   Total
regulatory
net credit
exposure
 of which:
loan
commitments
   Total
regulatory
net credit
exposure
 of which:
loan
commitments
   Investment
grade
 Sub-investment
grade
 Defaulted1   Total
regulatory
net credit
exposure
 of which:
loan
commitments
   Total
regulatory
net credit
exposure
 of which:
loan
commitments
 
Internal UBS ratings  0/1 2/3 4/5 6–8 9–13      31.12.11   31.12.10 
Internal UBS rating  0/1 2/3 4/5 6–8 9–13      31.12.12   31.12.11 
Regulatory net credit exposure-weighted average probability of default   0.004  0.057  0.293  0.971  5.662    0.471    0.542    0.005  0.055  0.301  0.965  5.385    0.470    0.471 
                  
Regulatory net credit exposure                          
                  
Corporates   2,875    70,978    36,272    33,704    14,116    1,908     159,853    16,005     140,979    12,034     7,780    54,790    27,488    31,238    10,412    1,120     132,829    13,069     159,853    16,005  
                  
Sovereigns   35,511    16,164    6,299    707    15    31     58,727    237     43,562    135     32,360    3,043    2,303    54    9    27     37,796    122     58,727    237  
                  
Banks   3,170    40,367    8,843    3,122    401    50     55,953    12,509     69,809    15,407     1,111    36,839    8,095    1,923    461    76     48,506    12,057     55,953    12,509  
                  
Retail                          
                  

Residential mortgages

    1,780    90,739    23,853    2,709    484     119,565    255     118,604    890      2,001    95,736    23,663    3,212    440     125,051    273     119,565    255  
                  

Lombard lending

    66,788    3,817    2,174    898    4     73,681    262     62,355    167      70,868    6,718    3,382    1,289    14     82,271    300     73,681    262  
                  

Other retail

    146    61    793    12    5     1,018    1     905       130    80    491    1,349    9     2,060    2     1,018    1  
                  
Total 31.12.12   41,251    167,672    140,420    60,752    16,732    1,686     428,513      
         

of which: loan commitments

   104    17,370    3,304    2,356    2,674    15      25,824     
         
Total 31.12.11   41,555    196,225    146,031    64,353    18,151    2,482     468,796         41,555    196,225    146,031    64,353    18,151    2,482        468,796   
                  

of which: loan commitments

   201    17,982    5,517    2,244    3,268    56      29,269        201    17,982    5,517    2,244    3,268    56         29,269  
                  
Total 31.12.10   33,148    189,919    101,893    85,436    22,192    3,626        436,214   
         

of which: loan commitments

   388    18,293    3,901    2,294    3,659    98         28,633  
         

1Values of defaulted derivative contracts (CHF 716 million) are based on replacement values including “add-ons” used in the calculation of regulatory capital.

Table 10: Advanced IRBinternal ratings-based approach: regulatoryRegulatory net exposure-weighted average loss given default (LGD) by internal UBS ratings

 

This table provides a breakdown of the net exposure-weighted average loss given default (LGD) for our credit portfolio exposures calculated using the advanced internal ratings-based approach, according to our internal rating classes.

 

  Internal UBS ratings   Internal UBS rating 

in %

  Investment
grade
   Sub-investment
grade
   Regulatory net credit
exposure-weighted
average LGD
   Investment
grade
   Sub-investment
grade
   Regulatory net credit
exposure-weighted
average LGD
 
Internal UBS ratings  0/1   2/3   4/5   6–8   9–13   31.12.11   31.12.10 
Internal UBS rating  0/1   2/3   4/5   6–8   9–13   31.12.12   31.12.11 
Regulatory net credit exposure-weighted average LGD                            
                                          
Corporates   43     25     30     29     28     28     30     23     24     31     25     24     26     28  
                                          
Sovereigns   19     41     68     39     21     34     42     26     41     67     26     27     30     34  
                                          
Banks   16     31     34     39     35     31     31     32     29     29     25     32     29     31  
                                          
Retail                            
                                          

Residential mortgages

     10     10     10     10     10     10       22     13     17     15     14     10  
                                          

Lombard lending

     20     20     20     20     20     20       20     20     20     20     20     20  
                                          

Other retail

     20     5     44     14     38     35       20     7     38     40     37     38  
                                          
Average 31.12.12   26     24     19     21     23     22    
                     
Average 31.12.11   21     26     19     22     25     23       21     26     19     22     25       23  
                                          
Average 31.12.10   35     28     20     17     23       24  
                     

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Table 11: Advanced IRBinternal ratings-based approach: regulatoryRegulatory net exposure-weighted average risk weight by internal UBS ratings

 

This table provides a breakdown of the net exposure-weighted average risk weight for our credit portfolio exposures calculated using the advanced internal ratings-based approach according to our internal rating classes.

 

  Internal UBS ratings   Internal UBS rating 

in %

  Investment
grade
   Sub-investment
grade
   Regulatory net credit
exposure-weighted average
risk weight
   Investment
grade
   Sub-investment
grade
   Regulatory net credit
exposure-weighted average
risk weight
 
Internal UBS ratings  0/1   2/3   4/5   6–8   9–13   31.12.11   31.12.10 
Internal UBS rating  0/1   2/3   4/5   6–8   9–13   31.12.12   31.12.11 
Regulatory net credit exposure-weighted average risk weight                            
                                          
Corporates   15     11     43     52     87     35     35     6     10     46     43     72     31     35  
                                          
Sovereigns   1     11     93     85     78     14     13     1     20     94     49     103     8     14  
                                          
Banks   5     13     33     71     134     20     18     11     12     26     42     159     17     20  
                                          
Retail                            
                                          

Residential mortgages

     1     6     10     30     7     8       3     7     17     48     10     7  
                                          

Lombard lending

     3     10     19     30     4     5       3     10     18     30     5     4  
                                          

Other retail

     3     3     53     23     42     41       3     4     48     33     34     42  
                                          
Average 31.12.12   2     8     17     32     64     16    
                     
Average 31.12.11   2     9     20     37     77     19       2     9     20     37     77       19  
                                          
Average 31.12.10   4     10     17     25     74       18  
                     

 

Standardized approach

The standardized approach is generally applied where it is not possible to use the advanced internal ratings-based approach and/or where an exemption from the advanced internal ratings-based approach has been granted by FINMA. The standardized approach requires banks to use risk assessments prepared by External Credit Assessment Institutionsexternal credit assessment institutions (ECAI) or Export Credit Agenciesexport credit agencies to determine the risk weightings applied to rated counterparties. We use FINMA-recognized ECAI risk assessments to determine the risk weightings for certain counterparties in the following classes of exposure:

 

central governments and central banks

 

regional governments and local authorities

 

multilateral development banks

 

institutions

 

corporates

We use three FINMA-recognized ECAI for this purpose: Moody’s Investors Service, Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group, Moody’s Investors Service and Fitch Group. The mapping of external ratings to the standardized approach risk weights is determined by FINMA and published on its website.

 
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Table 12: Regulatory gross and net credit exposure by risk weight under the standardized approach

 

This table provides a breakdown of the regulatory gross and net credit exposure by risk weight for our credit portfolio exposures treated under the standardized approach, according to BIS definedBasel-defined exposure segments.

 

CHF million

  Total exposure   Total exposure 
Risk weight  0%   >0–35%   36–75%   76–100%   150%   31.12.11   31.12.10 
Regulatory gross credit exposure              
                                    
Corporates     8,748     863     18,445     183     28,241     31,541  
                                    
Sovereigns1   48,315     111     35     300       48,761     68,500  
                                    
Banks     5,714     2,009     5     20     7,749     5,767  
                                    
Retail              
                                    

Residential mortgages

     1,265     2,848     1,126     1     5,240     2,359  
                                    

Lombard lending

              
                                    

Other retail

       3,260       25     3,285     2,785  
                                    
Total 31.12.11   48,315     15,838     9,015     19,877     229     93,275    
                                    
Total 31.12.10   68,201     13,075     6,104     23,161     411       110,953  
                                    
Regulatory net credit exposure2              
                                    
Corporates     8,748     863     14,182     169     23,963     26,739  
                                    
Sovereigns1   48,315     111     35     291       48,752     68,475  
                                    
Banks     5,714     1,958     5     20     7,698     5,660  
                                    
Retail              
                                    

Residential mortgages

     1,265     2,820       1     4,085     1,694  
                                    

Lombard lending

              
                                    

Other retail

       3,258       25     3,283     2,784  
                                    
Total 31.12.11   48,315     15,838     8,935     14,479     215     87,781    
                                    
Total 31.12.10   68,201     12,968     6,113     17,673     397       105,352  
                                    

CHF million

  Total exposure   Total exposure 
Risk weight  0%   >0–35%   36–75%   76–100%   150%   31.12.12   31.12.11 
Regulatory gross credit exposure              
                                    
Corporates   24     6,260     776     18,431     240     25,730     28,241  
                                    
Sovereigns1   104,080     4     97     172       104,354     48,761  
                                    
Banks     3,271     2,779     3     25     6,078     7,749  
                                    
Retail              
                                    

Residential mortgages

     3,023     613     970       4,606     5,240  
                                    

Lombard lending

              
                                    

Other retail

       2,337         2,337     3,285  
                                    
Total 31.12.12   104,104     12,558     6,601     19,576     265     143,104    
                                    
Total 31.12.11   48,315     15,838     9,015     19,877     229       93,275  
                                    
Regulatory net credit exposure2              
                                    
Corporates   24     6,260     776     14,320     224     21,604     23,963  
                                    
Sovereigns1   104,080     4     97     172       104,354     48,752  
                                    
Banks     3,266     2,779     3     25     6,073     7,698  
                                    
Retail              
                                    

Residential mortgages

     3,009     613     3       3,625     4,085  
                                    

Lombard lending

              
                                    

Other retail

       2,336         2,336     3,283  
                                    
Total 31.12.12   104,104     12,540     6,601     14,498     249     137,992    
                                    
Total 31.12.11   48,315     15,838     8,935     14,479     215       87,781  
                                    

1Includes high-quality liquid short-term securities issued by governments, government-controlled institutions and government-controlled institutions.central banks.2For traded products, the regulatory gross credit exposure is equal to the regulatory net credit exposure.

Table 13: Eligible financial collateral recognized under the standardized approach

 

This table provides a breakdown of the financial collateral which is eligible for recognition in the regulatory capital calculation under the standardized approach, according to BIS definedBasel-defined exposure segments.

 

CHF million

  Regulatory net credit exposure
under standardized approach
   Eligible financial collateral recognized
in capital calculation1
 
   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.11   31.12.10 
                     
Exposure segment        
                     
Corporates   23,963     26,739     5,211     7,252  
                     
Sovereigns   48,752     68,475     40     26  
                     
Banks   7,698     5,660     1,188     1,948  
                     
Retail        
                     

Residential mortgages

   4,085     1,694     1,155     664  
                     

Lombard lending

        
                     

Other retail

   3,283     2,784     3     2  
                     
Total   87,781     105,352     7,596     9,891  
                     

CHF million

  Regulatory net credit exposure
under standardized approach
   Eligible financial collateral recognized
in capital calculation1
 
    31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.12   31.12.11 
Exposure segment        
                     
Corporates   21,604     23,963     6,223     5,211  
                     
Sovereigns2   104,354     48,752     26     40  
                     
Banks   6,073     7,698     1,412     1,188  
                     
Retail        
                     

Residential mortgages

   3,625     4,085     981     1,155  
                     

Lombard lending

        
                     

Other retail

   2,336     3,283       3  
                     
Total   137,992     87,781     8,643     7,596  
                     

1  Reflects the impact of the application of regulatory haircuts. For traded products, these haircuts areit is the difference between the IFRS reported values and the regulatory net credit exposure.2Includes high-quality liquid short-term securities issued by governments, government-controlled institutions and central banks.

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Impairment, default and credit loss

As illustrated in the tables below, our impaired assets decreased 18%were 45% lower on 31 December 20112012 compared with 31 December 2010,2011, mainly due to salesa reduction in defaulted derivatives contracts with monolines as a result of legacy loan positions.trade commutations.

Table 14: Impaired assets by region

 

This table shows a breakdown of credit exposures arising from impaired assets, as well as allowances and allowances/provisions according to BIS defined exposure segments.by region. Impaired asset exposures include loans, off-balance sheet claims, securities financing transactions and derivative transactions.

 

 

CHF million  Regulatory gross
credit exposure
   Impaired assets1   

Specific allowances,

provisions and

credit valuation

adjustments

 

Impaired assets

net of specific

allowances,

provisions and

credit valuation

adjustments

 

Collective
allowances and

provisions2

 

Total allowances,

provisions and

specific credit

valuation

adjustments2

 

Total allowances,

provisions and

specific credit

valuation

adjustments

31.12.10

  Regulatory gross
credit exposure
 Impaired assets1 Specific allowances,
provisions and
credit valuation
adjustments
 Impaired assets
net of specific
allowances,
provisions and
credit valuation
adjustments
 Collective
loan loss
allowances2
 Total allowances,
provisions and
specific credit
valuation
adjustments
2
 Total allowances,
provisions and
specific credit
valuation
adjustments
31.12.11
 
Asia Pacific  41,690    58    (58    (58  (45
 
Latin America  6,798    49    (43  6     (43  (27
 
Middle East and Africa  6,564    65    (35  30     (35  (34
 
North America  194,557    721    (346  374    (2  (348  (1,465
 
Switzerland   210,181     870     (475  394    (128  (604  (609  210,112    837    (426  411    (113  (539  (604
          
Rest of Europe   120,612     735     (220  515     (220  (267  125,242    737    (209  528     (209  (220
          
North America3   189,198     2,739     (1,461  1,278    (3  (1,465  (1,444
         
Latin America   7,582     37     (27  10     (27  (25
         
Asia Pacific   51,312     66     (45  21     (45  (41
         
Middle East and Africa��  6,479     17     (34  (17   (34  (32
Total 31.12.12  584,963    2,467    (1,117  1,349    (114  (1,232 
          
Total 31.12.11   585,364     4,465     (2,263  2,201    (131  (2,395   585,364    4,465    (2,263  2,201    (131   (2,395
          
Total 31.12.10   573,174     6,468     (2,370  4,097    (47   (2,418
         

1  Values of defaulted derivative contracts (CHF 716 million; 31 December 2011: CHF 2,143 million) are based on replacement values and do not include “add-ons” used in the calculation of regulatory capital.  2  Collective credit valuation adjustments of CHF 736 million (31 December 2011: CHF 1,073 millionmillion) are partially included in the upper tier 2 capital and therefore not included in this table.3  Includes the Caribbean.

Table 15: Impaired assets by exposure segment

 

This table provides a breakdown of movements in the specific and collectivecredit exposures arising from impaired assets as well as allowances and provisions for impaired assets, including changes in the credit valuation allowance for derivatives.accordance with Basel-defined exposure segments.

 

CHF million  Regulatory gross
credit exposure
   Impaired assets1   

Specific allowances,

provisions and

credit valuation

adjustments

  

Collective

allowances and

provisions2

  

Total allowances,

provisions and

specific credit

valuation

adjustments2

  

Write-offs for the

year ended

31.12.11

  

Total allowances,

provisions and

specific credit

valuation

adjustments

31.12.10

 
Corporates   197,622     4,058     (2,081   (2,081  (267  (2,083
                                
Sovereigns   107,666     14     (10   (10  (1  (10
                                
Banks   77,287     22     (15   (15  (4  (30
                                
Retail          
                                

Residential mortgages

   124,805     232     (66   (66   (68
                                

Lombard lending

   73,681     42     (37   (37   (120
                                

Other retail

   4,303     97     (54   (54  (27  (59
                                
Not allocated segment3        (131  (131   (47
                                
Total 31.12.11   585,364     4,465     (2,263  (131  (2,395  (299 
                                
Total 31.12.10   573,174     6,468     (2,370  (47  (2,418  (1,505  (2,418
                                

CHF million Regulatory gross
credit exposure
  Impaired assets1  Specific allowances,
provisions and
credit valuation
adjustments
  Collective
loan loss
allowances2
  Total allowances,
provisions and
specific credit
valuation
adjustments2
  Writeoffs for the
year ended
31.12.12
  Total allowances,
provisions and
specific credit
valuation
adjustments
31.12.11
 
Corporates  162,925    2,077    (937   (937  (134  (2,081
                             
Sovereigns  142,271    14    (10   (10  (1  (10
                             
Banks  63,443    64    (26   (26   (15
                             
Retail  0        
                             

Residential mortgages

  129,657    186    (51   (51   (66
                             

Lombard lending

  82,271    66    (49   (49  0    (37
                             

Other retail

  4,396    60    (43   (45  (26  (54
                             
Not allocated segment3     (114  (113   (131
                             
Total 31.12.12  584,963    2,467    (1,117  (114  (1,232  (162 
                             
Total 31.12.11  585,364    4,465    (2,263  (131   (2994   (2,395
                             

1 Values of defaulted derivative contracts (CHF 716 million; 31 December 2011: CHF 2,143 million) are based on replacement values and do not include “add-ons” used in the calculation of regulatory capital.  2  Collective credit valuation adjustments of CHF 736 million (31 December 2011: CHF 1,073 millionmillion) are partially included in the upper tier 2 capital and therefore not included in this table.  3Collective loan loss allowances and provisions are not allocated to individual counterparties.counterparties and thus also not to exposure segments.  4  Does not include CHF 152 million securitization-related writeoffs (31 December 2011: CHF 202 million).

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Table 16: Changes in allowances, provisions and specific credit valuation adjustments

 

This table provides a breakdown of movements in the specific and collective allowances and provisions for impaired assets, including changes in the credit valuation allowanceadjustments for defaulted derivatives.

 

 

CHF million

  Specific allowances
and provisions
for banking products
and securities
financing
 Specific credit
valuation
adjustments for
derivatives
 Total specific
allowances,
provisions and
credit valuation
adjustments
 Collective
allowances and
provisions1
 For the
year ended
31.12.11
 

For the
year ended
31.12.10

   Specific allowances
and provisions
for banking products
and securities
financing
 Specific credit
valuation
adjustments for
derivatives
 Total specific
allowances,
provisions and
credit valuation
adjustments
 Collective
loan loss
allowances1
 For the
year ended
31.12.12
 

For the

year ended

31.12.11

 
Opening balance as of 1.1.11   1,240    1,130    2,370    47    2,418   Opening balance as of 1.1.10   5,881  
Opening balance as of 1.1.12   807    1,457    2,263    131    2,395   

Opening balance

as of 1.1.11

   2,418  
            
Write-offs   (500   (500  (1  (501    (1,505
Write-offs/usage of provisions   (312   (312  (2  (313    (501
            
Recoveries (on written-off positions)   51     51     51      79     63     63     63      51  
            
Increase/(decrease) in allowances, provisions and specific credit valuation adjustments2    303    303    84    387      (1,615
Increase / (decrease) in allowances, provisions and specific credit valuation adjustments2   133    (1,018  (885  (15  (899    387  
            
Foreign currency translations and other adjustments   17    56    73     73      (421   (11   (11  -0    (12    73  
            
Transfers    (32  (32   (32             (32
            
Closing balance as of 31.12.11   807    1,457    2,263    131    2,395   Closing balance as of 31.12.10   2,418  
Closing balance as of 31.12.12   6803   439    1,119    114    1,233   Closing balance as of 31.12.11   2,395  
            

1  Collective credit valuation adjustments of CHF 1,073736 million (31 December 2011: CHF 2,143 million) are partially included in the upper tier 2 capital and therefore not included in this table.   2   Represents totalTotal actual credit loss (credit loss expense and changes in specific credit valuation adjustments recognized in net trading income).3  Includes CHF 2 million allowances for securities financing.

Table 17: Total expected loss and actual credit loss

 

 

This table provides a breakdown of the one-year expected loss estimate on our credit portfolios (including lending, derivative and securities financing portfolios) calculated as of 31 December 2010,2011, and the actual IFRS credit loss amount (including credit valuation adjustments on derivatives) charged against our income statement in 2011,2012, according to BIS definedBasel-defined exposure segments of the advanced internal ratings-based approach. Comparison between our expected and actual losses has

losses has certain limitations as the two measures are not directly comparable. In particular our expected loss estimate is an annualized average expected loss measure which takes into account our historical loss experience, whereas actual loss represents our credit loss expense charged to the income statement in the financial year. The difference in our expected and actual loss amounts resulted from credit recoveries and from lower-than-expected actual losses in 2011.2012.

 

 

 

  Expected loss Actual credit (loss)/recovery and credit valuation adjustments   Expected loss Actual credit (loss) / recovery and credit valuation adjustments 

CHF million

  31.12.10 For the year ended
                31.12.11
 For the year ended
                31.12.10
   31.12.11 For the year ended
31.12.12
 For the year ended
                 31.12.11
 
  Total expected loss Actual credit
(loss)/recovery
 Specific credit
valuation adjustments
for defaulted
derivatives
 Total actual credit
(loss) / recovery
and credit valuation
adjustments
 Total actual credit
(loss)/recovery
and credit valuation
adjustments
   Total expected loss Actual credit
(loss) / recovery
 Specific credit
valuation adjustments
for defaulted
derivatives
   Total actual credit
(loss) / recovery
and specific credit
valuation
adjustments
 Total actual credit
(loss) / recovery
and specific credit
valuation
adjustments
 
Corporates1   (336  (18  (303  (321  1,577     (322  (133  1,018     884    (321
         
Sovereigns   (27       (19  0      0   
         
Banks   (40  (1   (1  26     (35  (1    (1  (1
         
Retail             
         

Residential mortgages

   (62  3     3    1     (59  15      15    3  
         

Lombard lending

   (30  12     12    5     (24  (12    (12  12  
         

Other retail

    (5   (5  (2   (5  (11    (11  (5
         
Not allocated2    (75   (75  7  
Not allocated segment2    24      24    (75
         
Total   (494  (84  (303  (387  1,615     (463  (118  1,018     899    (387
         

1  Includes actual credit recoveryloss from securities,Legacy Portfolio, which amounted to CHF 9112 million.

2  Includes changes in collective loan loss allowances and provisions.

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Other credit risk information

Our credit derivatives trading is predominantly on a collateralized basis. This means that our credit exposures arising from our derivatives activities with collateralized counterparties are typically closed out in full or reduced to nominal levels on a regular basis by the use of collateral.

Derivatives trading with counterparties with high credit ratings (for example a large bank or broker-dealer) is typically under an International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA) master trading agreement and creditnetting agreement. Credit exposures to those counterparties from credit default swaps (CDS), together with exposures from other over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives, are netted and included in the calculation of the collateral that is required to be posted. Trading with lower ratedlower-rated counterparties (for example,such as hedge funds)funds would also generally require an initial margin to be posted by the counterparty.

We receive collateral from or post collateral to our counterparties based on our open net receivable or net payable from over-the-counterOTC derivative activities. Under the terms of the International SwapsISDA master netting agreement and Derivatives Association master trading agreement and

similar agreements, this collateral, which generally takes the form of

cash or highly liquid fixed incomedebt securities, is available to cover any amounts due under those derivative transactions.

Settlement risk, (includingincluding payment risk)risk of CDS, has been mitigated to some extent by the development of a market-wide credit event auction process. This has resulted in a widespread shift to the cash settlement of CDS following a credit event on a reference entity. We did nothad no experience of any significant losses from failed settlements onof CDS contracts in 2011.2012.

The vast majority of our CDS trading activity is conducted by the Investment Bank. The “Credit derivatives portfolio (split by counterparty)”counterparty category” table on the next page provides further analysis of the Investment Bank’s CDS counterparties based on the notional amount of CDS protection purchased and sold. The analysis shows that the vast majority of the Investment Bank’s CDS counterparties were market professionals. Based on the same notional measure, approximately 98% of these counterparties were rated investment grade and approximately 99% of the CDS activity was traded on a collateralized basis.

 

Table 18: Credit exposure of derivative instruments

 

 

This table provides an overview of our credit exposures arising from derivatives. Exposures are provided based on the balance sheet carrying values of derivatives as well as regulatory net credit exposures. The net balance sheet credit exposure differs from the regulatory net credit exposures because of differences in valuation

methods and the netting

and collateral deductions used for accounting and regulatory capital purposes. Specifically, netNet current credit exposure is derived from gross positive replacement values, whereas regulatory net credit exposure is calculated using our internal credit valuation models.

 

 

 

CHF million  31.12.11 31.12.10   31.12.12 31.12.11 
Gross positive replacement values   486,584    401,146     418,029    486,584  
      
Netting benefits recognized for regulatory purposes   (383,338  (301,515
Netting benefits recognized   (327,320  (383,338
      
Collateral held   (50,955  (41,592   (55,890  (50,955
      
Net current credit exposure   52,291    58,039     34,818    52,291  
      
Regulatory net credit exposure (total counterparty credit risk)   72,558    73,879     53,576    72,558  
      

of which: determined by internal models (effective expected positive exposure [EPE])

   57,874    60,843  

of which: treated with internal models (effective expected positive exposure [EPE])

   44,135    57,874  
      

of which: determined by supervisory approaches (current exposure method)

   14,684    13,036  

of which: treated with supervisory approaches (current exposure method)

   9,441    14,684  
      
Breakdown of the collateral held      
      

Cash collateral

   45,572    36,520     49,382    45,572  
      
Securities collateral and debt instruments collateral (excluding equity)   5,055    4,837     6,236    5,055  
      
Equity instruments collateral   109    120     101    109  
      
Other collateral   218    115     171    218  
      
Total collateral held   50,955    41,592     55,890    50,955  
      

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Table 19: Credit derivatives1,21,2

 

This table provides an overview of our credit derivative portfolio by product group using notional values.amounts. The table also provides a breakdown of credit derivative positions used to manage our own credit portfolio risks (banking book for regulatory purposes) and those arising through intermediation activities (trading book for regulatory capital purposes).

 

 

  Regulatory banking book   Regulatory trading book   Total   Regulatory banking book   Regulatory trading book   Total 
Notional amounts, CHF million  Protection
bought
   Protection
sold
   Total   Protection
bought
   Protection
sold
   Total   31.12.11   31.12.10   Protection
bought
   Protection
sold
   Total   Protection
bought
   Protection
sold
   Total   31.12.12 31.12.11 
Credit default swaps   22,348     3,719     26,067     1,279,326     1,236,239     2,515,565     2,541,632     2,304,549     13,711     119     13,831     1,068,447     1,059,970     2,128,417     2,142,248    2,541,632  
                                             
Total return swaps         4,280     123     4,403     4,403     8,931           4,212     1,524     5,736     5,736    4,403  
                                             
Total 31.12.12   13,711     119     13,831     1,072,659     1,061,494     2,134,153     2,147,9843  
                     
Total 31.12.11   22,348     3,719     26,067     1,283,606     1,236,362     2,519,968     2,546,035       22,348     3,719     26,067     1,283,606     1,236,362     2,519,968      2,546,035  
                                             
Total 31.12.10   28,650     2,602     31,252     1,167,228     1,115,000     2,282,228       2,313,480  
                        

1  Notional amounts of credit derivatives are based on accounting definitions and do not include any netting benefits. For capital underpinning of the counterparty credit risk of derivative positions, the effective expected positive exposure (or exposure according to current exposure method) is taken.   2   Notional amounts are reported based on regulatory scope of consolidation and do not include options and warrants.3  Does not include notionals for credit derivatives traded via a central clearing counterparty of CHF 236.4 billion on December 2012 and CHF 172.4 billion on December 2011.

Table 20: Credit derivatives portfolio (split by counterparty)counterparty1

 

  % of total notional   % of buy notional   % of sell notional   % of total notional   % of buy notional   % of sell notional 
  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.11   31.12.10 
Portfolio segment            
                    31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.12   31.12.11 
Developed markets commercial banks   60     59     59     58     61     60     60     60     60     59     61     61  
                                    
Broker-dealers, investment and merchant banks   23     25     23     25     23     25     24     23     23     23     24     23  
                                    
Hedge funds   1     2     1     1     2     3     3     1     2     1     4     2  
                                    
All other   16     15     18     17     14     12     13     16     15     18     11     14  
                                    

1   Counterparty analysis based on notional CDS exposures of the Investment Bank sourced from credit risk systems.

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Investment positions

The regulatory capital view for investment positions differs from the IFRS view primarily due to the following:

(i)

differencesDifferences in the basis of valuation, e.g. financial investments available for sale are subject to fair value accounting under IFRS but have to be treated under the “lower-of-cost-or-market” concept for regulatory capital purposes;purposes.

(ii)

theThe use of different frameworks to determine regulatory capital, e.g. tradablecapital. Tradable assets, for example, are treated under market risk value-at-risk (VaR); and.

(iii)

differencesDifferences in the scope of consolidation, e.g. certainconsolidation. Certain special purpose entities, for example, are consolidated for IFRS but not for regulatory capital.

 

 

Equities disclosureTable 21: Equity instruments for banking book positions

 

The table below shows the three different equity investmentinstrument categories held in the banking book with their amounts as disclosed for IFRS, followed by the regulatory capital adjustmentcapital-adjustment amount. This adjustment considers the above mentioned differences to IFRS resulting in the total regulatory equity instruments exposure under BIS framework, the corresponding risk-weighted assetsRWA and the capital charge.

The table also shows net realized gains and losses and unrealized revaluation gains relating to the equity investments. We had no unrealized revaluation losses that had not been recognized for available-for-sale investments.

 

  Book value 

CHF million

  Book value   31.12.12   31.12.11 
  31.12.11 31.12.10 
Equity investments   
Equity instruments    
         
Financial investments available-for-sale   873    1,359     725     699  
         
Financial assets designated at fair value   730    856  
Financial assets designated at fair value1   25     730  
         
Investments in associates   795    790     858     795  
         
Total equity investments under IFRS   2,397    3,006  
Total equity instruments under IFRS   1,608     2,223  
         
Regulatory capital adjustment   604    281     1,071     778  
         
Total equity exposure under BIS   3,001    3,287  
Total equity instruments under BIS   2,678     3,001  
         

of which: to be risk-weighted

       
         

publicly traded

   173    390     184     173  
         

privately held1

   1,427    1,513  

privately held2

   1,198     1,427  
         

of which: deducted from equity

   1,402    1,384     1,297     1,402  
         
RWA according to simple risk weight method   3,310    3,691     2,972     3,310  
         
Capital requirement according to simple risk weight method   265    295     238     265  
         
Total capital charge   1,667    1,679     1,535     1,667  
         
Net realized gains / (losses) and unrealized gains from equities   
Net realized gains / (losses) and unrealized gains from equity instruments    
         
Net realized gains/(losses) from disposals   (9  270  
Net realized gains / (losses) from disposals   122     (9
         
Unrealized revaluation gains   49    68     41     49  
         

of which: included in tier 2 capital

   22    31     18     22  
         

1  Decrease was mainly due to a reclassification of investment fund units from equity to debt investments. For regulatory purposes, these investments are classified as equity and were included in the line “Regulatory capital adjustments”.2 Includes CHF 717584 million exposure booked in trust entities that did not generate RWArisk-weighted assets (CHF 842717 million on 31 December 2010)2011).

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Market risk

As a result of the implementation of Basel 2.5, risk-weightedRisk-weighted assets (RWA) attributable to market risk increaseddecreased to CHF 27.2 billion as of 31 December 2012 compared with CHF 49.2 billion as of 31 December 2011 compared with CHF 20.8 billion under Basel II as of 31 December 2010.2011. The increased RWA are composed of a newdecrease was mainly due to the reduction in incremental risk charge (CHF 19.6 billion of RWA),RWA on reduced exposures and a model update for sovereign debt in the first quarter and hedging activity. VaR and stressed VaR requirement (CHF 13.1 billion of RWA) and comprehensive risk measure requirement (CHF 8.6 billion of RWA). These increases were partially

offset by a RWA relief in VaR of CHF 1.3 billiondeclined due to the exclusion of the specific marketreduced risk for securitization in the trading book under Basel 2.5positions and a decrease in exposure of CHF 11.6 billion.reduced credit spread risk. The market risk regulatory capital requirement is 8% of the respective risk-weighted assets.RWA. Market risk regulatory capital and risk-weighted assets are based on our VaR model and subject to regulatory determined multipliers.

The population of the portfolio within management and regulatory VaR is slightly different. Management VaR includes all positions subject to internal management VaR limits. The population within regulatory VaR is a subset of this total population that meets minimum regulatory requirements for inclusion in regulatory VaR.

The following VaR tables for 2011 include positionalthe market risks relatingarising from the incident related to the unauthorized trading incident announcedFacebook initial public offering in the thirdsecond quarter 2012. This affected the maximum and average VaR of 2011.Equities and the Investment Bank as a whole.

è

Refer to the “Risk management and control” sections of this report for more information on market risk

 

Table 22: Group: regulatory value-at-risk (10-day, 99% confidence, 5 years of historical data) by business division and Corporate Center

 

This table provides a breakdown of the Group’s minimum, maximum, average and period-end regulatory VaR by business division.

 

 

 

  Basel II – for the year ended
31.12.11
  Basel 2.5  –
for the
year ended
  Basel II – for the year ended
31.12.10
 
CHF million  Min.  Max.  Average  31.12.11  31.12.11  Min.  Max.  Average  31.12.10 
Business divisions          
                                      
Investment Bank   131    1,374    449    142    132    132    546    306    389  
                                      
Wealth Management & Swiss Bank   0    1    1    0    0    0    1    1    1  
                                      
Wealth Management Americas   11    25    16    24    24    13    30    21    14  
                                      
Global-Asset Management   0    1    1    0    0    0    1    1    1  
                                      
Corporate Center   8    47    17    9    9    5    71    22    13  
                                      
Diversification effect     1     1   (20  (25  (24    1     1   (27  (17
                                      
Total regulatory VaR, Group   139    1,386    463    150    142    140    561    323    401  
                                      
Diversification effect (%)     (4  (14  (14    (8  (4
                                      
Total regulatory VaR, Group, excluding the
effect of unauthorized trading incident
   139    819    394    150       
                                      

 

  For the year ended 31.12.12  For the year ended 
CHF million, except where indicated  Min.   Max.   Average  31.12.12  31.12.111 
Wealth Management   0     0     0    0    0  
                        
Wealth Management Americas   14     25     18    17    24  
                        
Investment Bank2   58     769     131    61    132  
                        
Global Asset Management   0     1     0    0    0  
                        
Retail & Corporate   0     1     0    0    0  
                        
Corporate Center2   8     117     37    43    9  
                        
Diversification effect   3     3     (54  (58  (24
                        
Total regulatory VaR, Group   56     776     133    63    142  
                        
Diversification effect (%)       (29  (48  (14
                        

1  The Basel 2.5 enhancements became effective as of 31 December 2011, therefore the minimum, maximum and average valued for the year ended 31 December 2011 are not shown.2 Prior periods have not been restated for the transfer of legacy positions from the Investment Bank to the Corporate Center.3 As the minimum and maximum occur on different days for different business divisions, it is not meaningful to calculate a portfolio diversification effect.

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Table 23: Group: regulatory value-at-risk (10-day, 99% confidence, 5 years of historical data) by risk type 

This table provides a breakdown of the Group’s minimum, maximum, average and period-end regulatory VaR by risk type.

 

     

 

  For the year ended 31.12.12  For the year ended 
CHF million, except where indicated  Min.   Max.   Average  31.12.12  31.12.111 
Equities   24     713     52    27    52  
                        
Interest rates   40     162     79    40    61  
                        
Credit spreads   99     296     186    104    220  
                        
Foreign exchange   21     149     51    38    60  
                        
Energy, metals and commodities   6     75     17    21    17  
                        
Diversification effect   2     2     (252  (166  (269
                        
Total regulatory VaR, Group   56     776     133    63    142  
                        
Diversification effect(%)       (65  (72  (65
                        

1  The Basel 2.5 Pillar 3

Investment Bank: regulatory value-at-risk (10-day, 99% confidence, 5 years of historical data) 

This table provides a breakdown of the Investment Bank’s minimum, maximum, average and period-end regulatory VaR by risk type.

 

 

 

  Basel II – for the year ended
31.12.111
  Basel 2.5 –
for the

year ended
  Basel II – for the year ended
31.12. 10
 
CHF million  Min.  Max.  Average  31.12.11  31.12.11  Min.  Max.  Average  31.12.10 
Risk type          
                                      
Equities   42    1,171    150    52    52    47    133    68    64  
                                      
Interest rates   42    182    103    64    64    54    138    95    96  
                                      
Credit spreads   189    860    471    189    189    225    635    422    386  
                                      
Foreign exchange   16    121    53    57    57    8    88    28    41  
                                      
Energy, metals and commodities   7    51    18    17    17    5    44    12    43  
                                      
Diversification effect    2    2   (346  (237  (247    2     2   (319  (242
                                      
Total regulatory VaR, Investment Bank   131    1,374    449    142    132    132    546    306    389  
                                      
Diversification effect (%)     (44  (63  (65    (51  (38
                                      

enhancements became effective as of 31 December 2011, therefore the minimum, maximum and average values for the year ended 31 December 2011 are not shown.1 2 Excluding the effect of the unauthorized trading incident, the Investment Bank and equities regulatory maximum VaR figures were CHF 799 million and CHF 303 million, respectively.  2As the minimum and maximum occur on different days for different risk types, it is not meaningful to calculate a portfolio diversification effect.

 

Group: regulatory value-at-risk (1-day, 99% confidence, 5 years of historical data)1 

This table provides a breakdown of the Group’s minimum, maximum, average and period-end regulatory backtesting VaR by business division.

 

 

 

 

 

  Basel II – for the year ended
31.12.11
   Basel 2.5  –
for the
year ended
   Basel II – for the year ended
31.12.10
 
CHF million     Min.   Max.   Average   31.12.11   31.12.11   Min.   Max.   Average   31.12.10 
Investment Bank Regulatory VaR2   50     388     118     56     55     57     110     82     93  
                                                
Group Regulatory VaR2   50     390     120     58     58     58     114     84     94  
                                                
Group, excluding the effect of unauthorized trading incident Regulatory VaR   48     154     90     58            
                                                
Table 24: Group: regulatory value-at-risk (1-day, 99% confidence, 5 years of historical data)1 

This table provides a breakdown of the Group and Investment Bank’s minimum, maximum, average and period-end regulatory back-testing VaR.

 

 

 

  For the year ended 31.12.12   For the year ended 
CHF million  Min.   Max.   Average   31.12.12   31.12.112 
Investment Bank3   24     239     47     24     55  
                          
Group3   23     239     47     25     58  
                          

1  10-day 99% regulatory VaR and 1-day 99% regulatory VaR results are calculated separately from underlying positions and historical market moves. They cannot be inferred from each other.2 The Basel 2.5 enhancements became effective as of 31 December 2011, therefore the minimum, maximum and average values for the year ended 31 December 2011 are not shown.3Backtesting is based on 1-day 99% regulatory VaR.

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Stressed value-at-risk

Stressed VaR is a 10-day 99% measure calibrated to a 1 yearone-year period of significant financial stress relevant to the current portfolio of UBSthe Group. Stressed VaR adopts broadly the same methodology as VaR with modifications as required to calibrate the model to a historical stress period.

 

Group: stressed value-at-risk (10-day, 99% confidence, 5 years of historical data)

This table provides a breakdown of the Group’s period-end regulatory stressed VaR by business division.

For the year ended 31.12.11
CHF millionMin.1Max.1Average131.12.11
Business divisions
Investment Bank173
Wealth Management & Swiss Bank0
Wealth Management Americas31
Global Asset Management0
Corporate Center14
Diversification effect(39
Total stressed VaR, Group181
Diversification effect (%)(18
Total stressed VaR, Group, excluding the effect of unauthorized trading incident181

Table 25: Group: stressed value-at-risk (10-day, 99% confidence, 5 years of historical data)

by business division and Corporate Center

 

This table provides a breakdown of the Group’s period-end regulatory stressed VaR by business division.

 

 

 

  For the year ended 31.12.12  For the year ended 
CHF million, except where indicated  Min.   Max.   Average  31.12.12  31.12.111 
Wealth Management   0     1     0    0    0  
                        
Wealth Management Americas   18     31     24    23    31  
                        
Investment Bank2   100     1,111     184    118    173  
                        
Global Asset Management   0     1     1    1    0  
                        
Retail & Corporate   0     0     0    0    0  
                        
Corporate Center2   12     200     58    77    14  
                        
Diversification effect   3     3     (78  (94  (39
                        
Total stressed VaR, Group   105     1,127     189    125    181  
                        
Diversification effect(%)       (29  (43  (18
                        

1Because this is a new requirement under  The Basel 2.5 which onlyenhancements became effective as of 31 December 2011, therefore the minimum, maximum and average values for the year ended 31 December 2011 are therefore not shown. 2  Prior periods have not been restated for the transfer of legacy positions from the Investment Bank to the Corporate Center.

3   As the minimum and maximum occur on different days for different business divisions, it is not meaningful to calculate a portfolio diversification effect.

 

Investment Bank: stressed value-at-risk (10-day, 99% confidence, 5 years of historical data)

This table provides a breakdown of the Investment Bank’s period-end regulatory stressed VaR by risk type.

For the year ended 31.12.11
CHF millionMin.1Max.1Average131.12.11
Risk type
Equities65
Interest rates54
Credit spreads355
Foreign exchange88
Energy, metals and commodities22
Diversification effect(410
Total stressed VaR, Investment Bank173
Diversification effect (%)(70
Table 26: Group: stressed value-at-risk (10-day, 99% confidence, 5 years of historical data) by risk type 

This table provides a breakdown of the Group’s period-end regulatory stressed VaR by risk type.

 

     

 

  For the year ended 31.12.12  For the year ended 
CHF million, except where indicated  Min.   Max.   Average  31.12.12  31.12.111 
Equities   20     1,015     76    38    65  
                        
Interest rates   43     285     93    43    54  
                        
Credit spreads   159     528     326    163    399  
                        
Foreign exchange   28     222     83    61    88  
                        
Energy, metals and commodities   7     110     23    40    22  
                        
Diversification effect   2     2     (413  (220  (446
                        
Total stressed VaR, Group   105     1,127     189    125    181  
                        
Diversification effect(%)       (69  (64  (71
                        

1Because this is a new requirement under  The Basel 2.5 which onlyenhancements became effective as of 31 December 2011, therefore the minimum, maximum and average values for the year ended 31 December 2011 are therefore not shown.2  As the minimum and maximum occur on different days for different risk types, it is not meaningful to calculate a portfolio diversification effect.

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Incremental risk charge

The incremental risk charge (IRC) represents an estimate of the default and migration risk of unsecuritized credit products held in the trading book, measured over a one-year time horizon at a 99.9% confidence level. To capture the risk over a one-year period, a constant position assumption is applied; i.e.the calculation of the measure assumes all positions in the IRC portfolio have a one-year liquidity horizon and hence are kept unchanged over this time period.

The portfolio default and credit migrations loss distribution is estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation of correlated credit migration events (defaults and credit rating changes) for all issuers in the IRC portfolio, based on a Merton-type model. For each position, default

losses are calculated based on the maximum default exposure measure (loss

(loss on a current position in case of an immediate default event and assuming zero recovery) and a random recovery concept. To account for the default basis risk, different recovery values may be generated for different instruments even if they belong to the same issuer. To calculate credit migration losses a linear (delta) approximation is used: a loss due to a migration event is calculated as the credit spread change multiplied by the corresponding sensitivity of a position to the credit spread changes.

Our IRC methodology and implementation is approved by FINMA, with ongoing methodology improvements also subject to regulatory approval.

 

 

Group: incremental risk charge

This table provides a breakdown of the Group’s period-end regulatory incremental risk charge by business division.

For the year ended 31.12.11
CHF millionMin.1Max.1Average131.12.11
Business divisions
Investment Bank1,349
Wealth Management & Swiss Bank
Wealth Management Americas82
Global Asset Management
Corporate Center306
Diversification effect(303
Total incremental risk charge, Group1,435
Diversification effect (%)(17
Table 27: Group: incremental risk charge by business division and Corporate Center 

This table provides a breakdown of the Group’s period-end regulatory incremental risk charge by business division.

 

 

 

  For the year ended 31.12.12  For the year ended 
CHF million, except where indicated  Min.  Max.  Average  31.12.12  31.12.111 
Wealth Management   0    2    0    0    0  
                      
Wealth Management Americas   5    32    13    10    82  
                      
Investment Bank2   109    1,074    706    109    1,349  
                      
Global Asset Management   0    0    0    0   
                      
Retail & Corporate   0    0    0    0    0  
                      
Corporate Center2   143    258    196    183    306  
                      
Diversification effect   3    3    (212  (168  (303
                      
Total incremental risk charge, Group   131    1,045    703    135    1,435  
                      
Diversification effect (%)     (23  (56  (17
                      

1Because this is a new requirement under  The Basel 2.5 which onlyenhancements became effective as of 31 December 2011, therefore the minimum, maximum and average values for the year ended 31 December 2011 are therefore not shown.2  Prior periods have not been restated for the transfer of legacy positions from the Investment Bank to the Corporate Center.3  As the minimum and maximum occur on different days for different business divisions, it is not meaningful to calculate a portfolio diversification effect.

 

Comprehensive risk charge

Comprehensive risk measure (CRM) represents an estimate of the default and complex price risk including the convexity and cross convexity of the correlation trading portfolio across spread, correlation and recovery;recovery, measured over a one-year time horizon at a 99.9% confidence level. To capture the risk over a one-year period, a constant position assumption is applied; i.e.the calculation of the measure assumes that all positions in the CRM portfolio have a one-year liquidity horizon and hence are kept unchanged over this time period.

The CRM loss distribution is estimated using Monte Carlo simulation of real-world defaults between the spot and the end of the one-year

horizon date, and calculates

resulting cash flows in the CRM portfolio. The portfolio is then revalued on the one-year horizon date, with inputs such as credit spreads and index basis being migrated from spot to horizon date. The 99.9% worst percentile is then taken from the resulting profit or loss distribution, which isto give the CRM model result.

Our CRM methodology and implementation is approved by FINMA, with ongoing methodology improvements also subject to regulatory approval. It is subject to qualitative minimum standards as well as stress testing requirements. The calculated CRM measure for regulatory capital purposes is subject to a floor calculation equal to 8% of the equivalent capital charge under a the securitization frameworkframework.

 

 

Group: comprehensive risk charge

This table provides a breakdown of the Group’s period-end regulatory comprehensive risk charge for the Investment Bank.

For the year ended 31.12.11
CHF millionMin.1Max.1Average131.12.11
Investment Bank636
Group636
Table 28: Group: comprehensive risk charge 

This table provides a breakdown of the Group’s period-end regulatory comprehensive risk charge for the Investment Bank.

 

 

 

  For the year ended 31.12.12   For the year ended 
CHF million  Min.   Max.   Average   31.12.12   31.12.111 
Investment Bank   594     770     675     604     636  
                          
Group   594     770     675     604     636  
                          

1Because this is a new requirement under  The Basel 2.5 which onlyenhancements became effective as of 31 December 2011, therefore the minimum, maximum and average values for the year ended 31 December 2011 are therefore not shown.

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Risk, treasury and capital management

 

Securitization

This section provides details onof traditional and synthetic securitization exposures held in the banking and trading book andbook. It also provides details of the regulatory capital associated with these exposures, based on the enhancements made to the Basel II framework as well as the revised Basel II market risk framework, (commonlycommonly referred to as Basel 2.5).2.5. In a traditional securitization, a pool of loans (or other debt obligations) is typically transferred to a special purpose entity which isthat has been established to own the loan pool and to issue tranched securities to third-party investors referencing thethis pool of loans. In a synthetic securitization, we retain legal ownership of the securitized pools of assets is typically retained, but transfer the associated credit risk (typically)is transferred to a special purpose entity typically through guarantees, credit derivatesderivatives or credit-linked notes. Hybrid structures with a mix of traditional and synthetic features are disclosed as synthetic securitizations.

We act in different roles in securitization transactions. As originator, we create or purchase financial assets, which are then securitized in traditional or synthetic securitization transactions, achieving aenabling us to transfer significant risk transfer to third partythird-party investors. As sponsor, we manage or advise securitization programs. In line with the Basel framework, this sponsoring includes underwriting, i.e.that is, placing securities into the market.

In 2011 under Basel 2.5, trading book securitization positions were added to the securitization framework in addition to the securitization positions heldall other cases, we act in the banking book. Also higher risk weights have been introduced for re-securitizationrole of investor by taking securitization positions.

Risk-weighted assets attributable to securitization positions increaseddecreased to CHF 7.3 billion as of 31 December 2011 compared with CHF 7.1 billion as of 31 December 2010. The increase was mainly due to the abovementioned changes. Risk-weighted assets attributable to trading book positions contributed2012 from CHF 3.17.3 billion a year earlier. Ratings downgrades and re-securitizationsnew synthetic securitization transactions in the banking book contributed to increased risk-weighted assets of CHF 0.51.6 billion. This increase was more than offset by a CHF 1.8 billion reduction in risk-weighted assets related to the increase. This was offset by CHF 3.4 billionsale of reductions in securitization positions instudent loan auction rate securities and commercial mortgage-backed securities mainly during the banking book duringsecond half of the year.

Objectives, roles and involvement

Securitization in the banking book

The majority of our securitization positions held in the banking book are legacy risk positions, a significant amount of which were a) reclassified under IFRS fromHeld for tradingtoLoans and receivablesin the fourth quarter of 2008 and the first quarter of 2009.2009, or b) classified as Loans and receivables when acquiring student loan auction rate securities from clients. As of 31 December 2011,2012, this portfolio included mainly student loan auction rate securities, and to a lesser extent collateralized debt obligations and collateralized loan obligations withsome of which have credit default swap protection purchased from monoline insurers, as well as US commercial mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage-backed securities the globaland reference-linked note program and student loan auction rate securities. We also have aprograms. New credit-risk hedging transactions in 2012 increased our position in synthetic securitization structure over part securitizations

of theportfolios of counterparty credit risk in over-the-counter derivatives and loan exposures. These transactions are primarily used to reduce our over the counter derivatives portfolio.credit risk by synthetically transferring counterparty risk.

During 2011,In 2012, we have acted in the roles of both originator and sponsor roles.sponsor. As originator, we sold originated commercial mortgage loans into a third party securitization program.programs. Furthermore, we synthetically securitized portfolios of counterparty credit risk inherent in over-the-counter derivatives and loan exposures. As sponsor, we managed or advised securitization programs and helped to place the securities into the market. The table “Table 29: Securitization activity of the year in the banking book” provides an overview of our originating and sponsoring activities in 2012 and 2011 respectively. With returning liquidity in the markets for commercial mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage-backed securities as well as collateralized debt obligations, and in line with our market risk policies, certain legacy risk positions were moved from the banking book to the trading book during 2012.

Securitization and re-securitization positions in the banking book are valuedmeasured either at fair value or at amortized cost less impairment. ImpairmentThe impairment assessment is assessedgenerally based on the basis of the net present value of future cash flows expected from thea certain instrument whichthat are derived from the underlying pool.pool of assets.

Securitization in the trading book

Securitizations (including correlation products) held in the trading book are part of the trading activities, within the Investment Bank, which typically include market-making and client facilitation. During 2012, certain legacy risk positions were moved from the year, webanking book to the trading book, as liquidity returned to the markets. We were also involved in the placement of securitizations of assets originated by other institutions in the market, i.e.that is, we acted in the role of a sponsor role.sponsor. In certain cases we provided warehouse financing to collateralized loan obligation (CLO) managers. The table “Table 30: Securitization activity of the year in the trading book” provides an overview of our originating and sponsoring activities in 2012 and 2011 respectively. Included in the trading book are positions in our correlation book and legacy positions in leveraged super senior tranches as well as re-securitizations of corporate credit exposure.tranches. In the trading book, securitization and re-securitization positions are reportedmeasured at eitherfair value reflecting market valueprices where available or the aggregate of notional amount and the associated replacement value of the exposures securitized at the balance sheet date.are based on our internal pricing models.

Type of special purpose entities and affiliated entities involved in the securitization transactions

For the securitization of third partythird-party exposures, the type of special purpose entitiesentity employed is selected as appropriate based on the type of transaction being undertaken. Examples of this include limited liability corporations, common law trusts and depositor entities.

We manage or advise the following significant groups of affiliated entities that invest in exposures we have securitized or in special purpose entities that we sponsor: sponsor. Significant groups of affiliated entities include

Risk, treasury and capital management

North Street, Brooklands,Brooklands/ELM, and East Street, which are involved in the US, European and Asia Pacific reference-linked note programs. The Mortgage Backed Securities Consolidated Trust is an entity used to consolidate both UBS / non-UBS issued securitizations if it is determined that we hold the majority of the risk and rewards of a deal retained within the trading portfolio.programs, respectively.

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Refer to the “Market risk” section of this report for more information on reference-linked notes and to “Note 1 a) 3) Special purpose entities” in the “Financial information” section of this report

Managing and monitoring of the credit and market risk of securitization positions

The banking book securitization portfolio is subject to specific risk monitoring, which may include interest rate and credit spread sensitivity analysis, as well as inclusion in firm widefirm-wide earnings-at-risk, capital-at-risk and combined stress test metrics.

The trading book securitization positions are also subject to multiple risk limits, in the Investment Bank, such as management VaR and stress limits as well as market value limits. As part of managing risks within the pre-defined risk limits, traders may utilize hedging and risk mitigation strategies. Hedging may however expose the firm to basis risks as the hedgehedging instrument and the position being hedged may not always move in parallel. Such basis risks are consideredmanaged within the overall limits measurement.limits. Any retained securitization from origination activities and any purchased securitization positions are governed by risk limits astogether with any other trading activities.positions.

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Regulatory capital treatment of securitization structures

Except in the cases described below, in both the banking and trading book we generally apply the ratings-based approach to securitization positions using Moody’s,ratings, if available, from Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s and Fitch ratings.for all securitization and re-securitization exposures. If two of these rating agencies have issued a rating for a particular position, we would apply the worst credit rating of the two. If all three rating agencies have issued a rating for a particular position, we would apply the second worst credit rating of the three. Under the ratings-based approach, the amount of capital required for securitization and re-securitization exposures in the banking book is capped at the level of the capital requirement that would have been assessed against the underlying assets had they not been securitized. This treatment has been applied in particular to the US and European reference-linked note program.

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Refer toprograms. For the “Market risk” section of this report for more information on reference-linked notes

For purposes of determining regulatory capital and the Pillar 3 disclosure for these positions, the underlying exposures are reported under the standardized approach, the advanced internal ratings-based approach or the securitization approach, depending on the category of the underlying security itself.security. If the underlying security wasis reported under the standardized approach or the advanced internal ratings-based approach, the related positions are excluded from the tables on the following pages.

The supervisory formula approach is applied to the synthetic securitizationsecuritizations of a portfolioportfolios of counterparty credit risk resulting from inherent in

over-the-counter derivatives whereand loan exposures for which an external rating was not sought. The supervisory formula approach is also applied forto leveraged super senior tranches.

In the trading book, the comprehensive risk measure (CRM) is used for the correlation portfolio as defined by Basel 2.5 requirements. This measure broadly covers securitizations of liquid corporate underlying assets as well as associated hedges that are not necessarily securitizations, (e.g.for example, single name credit default swapswaps and credit default swap indices).swaps on indices.

We do not apply the concentration ratio approach or the internal assessment approach forto securitization positions.

The counterparty risk of interest rate or foreign currency derivatives with securitization vehicles is treated under the advanced internal ratings-based approach, and is therefore not part of this disclosure.

Accounting policies

Refer to “Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies” in the “Financial information” section of this reportour 2012 Annual Report for information on our accounting policies that relate to our securitization activities, primarily item 3 of Note“Note 1 on “Speciala) 3) Special purpose entities” and item 12 on “Securitization“Note 1a) 12) Securitization structures set up by UBS”. For the purposes of disclosure under the Basel 2.5 Pillar 3 requirements, weWe disclose in this section our intention to securitize exposures as an originator afterif assets are designated for securitization and a tentative pricing date for a transaction is known as of the balance sheet date or if a pricing of a dealtransaction has been fixed. In 2012, for the first time we included assets intended to be securitized for which a tentative transaction pricing date was set at the balance sheet date. This scope change did not affect disclosed 2011 numbers. Exposures intended to be securitized continue to be valued in the same way until such time as the securitization transaction takes place. We recognize liabilities on our balance sheet for arrangements that require us to provide financial support for securitized assets.

Presentation principles

It is our policy to present Pillar 3 disclosures for securitization transactions and balances in line with the capital adequacy treatments which have beenwere applied under Pillar 1 in the respective period presented.

Furthermore, as of 31 December 2011 we have implemented a new presentation policy. Under this policy, we willWe do not amend comparative prior period numbers for presentational changes which are triggered by new and revised information from third partythird-party data providers, provided thatas long as the updated information does not impact the Pillar 1 treatments of prior periods.

Good practice guidelines

On 18 December 2008, the European Banking Federation, the Association for Financial Markets in Europe, the European Savings Banks Group and the European Association of Public Banks and Funding Agencies published the “Industry good practice guidelines on Pillar 3 disclosure requirement for securitization”. These guidelines were slightly revised in 2009 / 2009/2010, and this report iscomplies with that publication in compliance with all material aspects of the publication.respects.

 
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Risk, treasury and capital management

Securitization in the banking and trading book

Banking book – securitization activity of the year

This table outlinesThese tables outline the exposures, (i.e. dealthat is, the transaction size at inception)inception we securitized in the banking and trading book in 2011the years 2012 and 2010, respectively. Gains or losses recognized on sales2011. The activity is further broken down by our role (originator / sponsor) and by type (traditional / synthetic).

Amounts disclosed under the “Traditional” column of underlying assets into traditional securitization structures where we acted as the originator of the underlying assets are also disclosed.

Traditional securitization amounts disclosed in this tablethese tables reflect the total outstanding notes at par value issued by the securitization vehicle at issuance. For synthetic securitization transactions, the amounts disclosed generally reflect the balance sheet carrying values of the securitized exposures at issuance.

SecuritizedFor securitization transactions where we acted as originator, exposures are split into two parts, those wherein which we have retained any

securitization positions and/and / or continue to be involved on an ongoing basis (e.g. credit enhancement, implicit support), and those wherein which we have no retained securitization positions and/and / or have no further involvement.

Where we acted as both originator and sponsor to a securitization,securitiza-tion, originated assets are reported under “Originator”, and the total amount of the underlying assets securitized is reported under “Sponsor”. As a result, as of 31 December 2012 and 31 De-cember 2011, amounts of CHF 3.8 billion and CHF 2.8 billion, has been disclosed twicerespectively, were included in 2011, oncethe banking book table under both, “Originator” and once under “Sponsor”.

 

 

Table 29: Securitization activity of the year in the banking book

 

 Originator  Sponsor 

 

 Traditional  Synthetic  Realized
gains/losses on
traditional
securitizations
  Traditional  Synthetic 
CHF million Securitization
positions retained
  No securitization
positions retained
  Securitization
positions retained
  No securitization
positions retained
     
Residential mortgages       
                             
Commercial mortgages  2,789       80    6,232   
                             
Credit card receivables       
                             
Leasing       
                             
Loans to corporates or SME       
                             
Consumer loans       
                             
Student loans       
                             
Trade receivables       
                             
Re-securitizations       
                             
Other       
                             
Total 31.12.11  2,789    0    0    0    80    6,232    0  
                             
Residential mortgages       
                             
Commercial mortgages       
                             
Credit card receivables       
                             
Leasing       
                             
Loans to corporates or SME       
                             
Consumer loans       
                             
Student loans       
                             
Trade receivables       
                             
Re-securitizations       
                             
Other    1,715      
                             
Total 31.12.10  0    0    1,715    0    0    0    0  
                             

 

  Originator   Sponsor 

 

  Traditional   Synthetic   Realized
gains/(losses) on
traditional
securitizations
   Traditional   Synthetic 
CHF million  Securitization
positions retained
   No securitization
positions retained
   Securitization
positions retained
   No securitization
positions retained
                
Residential mortgages              
                                    
Commercial mortgages   3,768           166     7,189    
                                    
Credit card receivables              
                                    
Leasing              
                                    
Loans to corporates or small and medium-sized enterprises              
                                    
Consumer loans              
                                    
Student loans              
                                    
Trade receivables              
                                    
Re-securitizations              
                                    
Other1       6,735          
                                    
Total 31.12.12   3,768     0     6,735     0     166     7,189     0  
                                    
Residential mortgages              
                                    
Commercial mortgages   2,789           80     6,232    
                                    
Credit card receivables              
                                    
Leasing              
                                    
Loans to corporates or small and medium-sized enterprises              
                                    
Consumer loans              
                                    
Student loans              
                                    
Trade receivables              
                                    
Re-securitizations              
                                    
Other              
                                    
Total 31.12.11   2,789     0     0     0     80     6,232     0  
                                    

1  New credit risk hedging transactions increased our position in synthetic securitizations in over-the-counter derivatives and loan exposures. These transactions are primarily used to reduce our credit risk by synthetically transferring counterparty risk.

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Table 30: Securitization activity of the year in the trading book

 

  Originator   Sponsor1 

 

  Traditional   Synthetic   Realized
gains/(losses)
on traditional
securitizations
   Traditional   Synthetic 
CHF million  Securitization
positions retained
   No securitization
positions retained
   Securitization
positions retained
   No securitization
positions retained
      
Residential mortgages              
                                    
Commercial mortgages              
                                    
Credit card receivables              
                                    
Leasing              
                                    
Loans to corporates or small and medium-sized enterprises              
                                    
Consumer loans              
                                    
Student loans              
                                    
Trade receivables              
                                    
Re-securitizations             1,033    
                                    
Other              
                                    
Total 31.12.12   0     0     0     0     0     1,033     0  
                                    
Residential mortgages              
                                    
Commercial mortgages              
                                    
Credit card receivables              
                                    
Leasing             495    
                                    
Loans to corporates or small and medium-sized enterprises             422    
                                    
Consumer loans              
                                    
Student loans              
                                    
Trade receivables              
                                    
Re-securitizations              
                                    
Other              
                                    
Total 31.12.11   0     0     0     0     0     917     0  
                                    

1  In 2012, we adjusted the scope of this disclosure such that we do not include sponsor-only activity where we do not retain a position. In these cases we advised the originator or placed securities in the market for a fee, and did not otherwise impact our capital. 31 December 2011 comparatives are presented on this adjusted basis. This better reflects the objective of the disclosure to provide transparency on the use of securitization transactions for risk management or funding purposes.

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Banking book – total outstandingTable 31: Outstanding securitized exposures

 

 

TraditionalThis table outlines exposures (i.e. outstanding transaction size) in which we have originated and/or retained securitization amountspositions at the balance sheet date in the banking or trading book and/or are otherwise involved on an ongoing basis (e.g. credit enhancement, implicit support).

Amounts disclosed under the “Traditional” column in this table reflect the total outstanding notes at par value issued by the securitization vehicle. For synthetic securitization transactions, we generally disclose either the balance sheet carrying values of the exposures securitized or, for

hybrid structures, the outstanding notes at par value issued by the securitization vehicle.

Disclosure is made where we have retained or originated securitization positions at the balance sheet date in the banking book and/or are otherwise involved on an ongoing basis (e.g. credit enhancement, implicit support). Where we have retained positions in

both the banking book and the trading book, the outstanding exposure is presented in the banking book. The table also includes securitization activities of the yearconducted in 2012 and 2011 wherein which we retained/purchased positions.

After These can also be found in the tables “Banking book/trading book – securitization activity of the year”. Where no positions were retained, the outstanding transaction size is only disclosed in the year of inception the securitization activities in which we acted both asfor originator and sponsor will be reported solely under “Sponsor”, provided we have continuously retained/purchased positions (these are also included in the table on the previous page).transactions.

All values in this table are as of the balance sheet date.

 

 

 

  31.12.11   31.12.101   Banking Book   Trading Book1 

  Originator   Sponsor   Originator   Sponsor   Originator   Sponsor   Originator   Sponsor 
CHF million  Traditional   Synthetic   Traditional   Synthetic   Traditional   Synthetic   Traditional   Synthetic   Traditional   Synthetic   Traditional   Synthetic   Traditional   Synthetic   Traditional2   Synthetic 
Residential mortgages   2,589       6,071       1,526       2,960       1,288       2,474       554       7,578    
                                                
Commercial mortgages   2,767     150     22,210         149     31,339       3,768       14,772           17,989    
                                                
Credit card receivables                       0            
                                                
Leasing       341           341           306            
                                                
Loans to corporates or SME       872           3,401    
Loans to corporates or small and medium-sized enterprises       394            
                                                
Consumer loans                       0            
                                                
Student loans       20,295           32,368           13,296           908    
                                                
Trade receivables                       0            
                                                
Re-securitizations   5,034     3,594     3,210       3,462     2,126     3,498       840     782     3,489       1,779     976     2,604    
                                                
Other   597     1,861     1,760         4,401     3,811         8,590     2,801           1,236    
                                                
Total   10,987     5,605     54,759     0     4,988     6,676     77,718     0  
Total 31.12.12   5,896     9,372     37,532     0     2,333     976     30,315     0  
                                                
Residential mortgages   2,589       6,071       897       14,223    
                        
Commercial mortgages   2,767     150     22,210           14,955    
                        
Credit card receivables                
                        
Leasing       341           282    
                        
Loans to corporates or small and medium-sized enterprises       872           920    
                        
Consumer loans                
                        
Student loans       20,295            
                        
Trade receivables                
                        
Re-securitizations   5,034     3,594     3,210            
                        
Other   597     1,861     1,760           4,595    
                        
Total 31.12.11   10,3987     5,605     54,759     0     897     0     34,975     0  
                        

1 2010 numbersUntil 31 December 2013 the higher of the net long or the net short securitization positions in the trading book are to be underpinned for the regulatory capital purposes. In line with our disclosure principles we disclose the UBS originated and sponsored deals only where the positions result in RWA or a capital deduction under Pillar 1.2 In 2012, we have been restated to alignadjusted the scope of this disclosure such that we do not include sponsor-only activity where we do not retain a position. In these cases we advised the originator or placed securities in the market for a fee, and did not otherwise impact our capital. 31 December 2011 comparatives are presented on this adjusted basis. This better reflects the objective of the disclosure with ourto provide transparency on the use of securitization presentation and disclosure policy which requires Pillar 3 disclosures to follow the capital adequacy treatment under Pillar 1 in the respective period presented and to include certain transactions which we have sponsored but which were erroneously not included in previous disclosures. Total amounts for “Originator / Traditional” and “Originator / Synthetic” have been reduced by CHF 3,908 million and CHF 1,176 million, respectively. The total amount for “Sponsor / Traditional” has been increased by CHF 1,338 million compared with the numbers disclosed for 31 December 2010 in the report “Our Basel II Pillar 3 disclosure for first half 2011”.risk management or funding purposes.

210


Risk, treasury and capital management

Banking book – impairedTable 32: Impaired or past due securitized exposures and losses related to securitized exposures in the banking book

 

 

This table provides a breakdown of the outstanding impaired or past due exposures at the balance sheet date and 2012 losses recognized in our income statement for transactions wherein which we acted as originator or sponsor in the banking book. Losses are reported after taking into account the offsetting effects of any credit protection that is an eligible risk mitigation instrument under the Basel 2.5 framework for the retained or purchased positions.

Where we did not retain positions, impaired or past due information is only reported in the year of inception.inception of a transaction. Where available, past due

information was derived from investor reports. Past due is generally defined as delinquency above 60 days. Where investor reports do not provide this information, alternative methods have been applied, which may include an assessment of the fair value of the retained position or reference assets, or identification of any credit events.

 

 

 

  31.12.11   31.12.101   31.12.12   31.12.11 

  Originator   Sponsor   Originator   Sponsor   Originator   Sponsor   Originator   Sponsor 
CHF million  Securitization
positions
retained
   No securitiza-
tion positions
retained
        Securitization
positions
retained
   No securitiza-
tion positions
retained
        Impaired or
past due in
securitized
exposures
   Recognized
losses in
income
statement
   Impaired or
past due in
securitized
exposures
   Recognized
losses in
income
statement
   Impaired or
past due in
securitized
exposures
   Recognized
losses in
income
statement
   Impaired or
past due in
securitized
exposures
   Recognized
losses in
income
statement
 
Residential mortgages   1,531       1,486     778       453     791     0     468     0     1,531     2     1,486     1  
                                          
Commercial mortgages   43       975     41       2,041       1     761     0     43     4     975     11  
                                          
Credit card receivables                            
                                          
Leasing                   0             1  
                                          
Loans to corporates or SME            
Loans to corporates or small and medium-sized enterprises                
                                          
Consumer loans                            
                                          
Student loans       1,122         1,571         787     8         1,122     4  
                                          
Trade receivables                            
                                          
Re-securitizations   5,547         4,490         373     1       0     5,547     1       5  
                                          
Other   1,010       30     316       46     67     67       1     1,010       30     4  
                                          
Total   8,131     0     3,613     5,625     0     4,111  
Total1   1,232     68     2,016     9     8,131     7     3,613     26  
                                          

1 2010 numbers have been restatedYear-on-year reduction is mainly due to alignprincipal repayment/losses from underlying loans in retained positions, sales and the disclosure with our securitization presentation and disclosure policy which requires Pillar 3 disclosuresmove of certain re-securitization positions to follow the capital adequacy treatment under Pillar 1trading book.

Table 33: Exposures intended to be securitized in the respective period presentedbanking and to include certain transactions which we have sponsored but which were erroneously not included in previous disclosures. Total amounts for “Originator / Securitization positions retained” and “Sponsor” have been reduced by CHF 3,705 million and CHF 2,073 million, compared with the numbers disclosed for 31 December 2010 in the report “Our Basel II Pillar 3 disclosure for first half 2011”.

184


Risk, treasury and capital management

Bankingtrading book – losses recognized from retained securitization positions

 

 

This table provides the amount of exposures by exposure type we intend to securitize in the banking and trading book. We disclose our intention to securitize exposures as an originator if assets are designated for

securitization and a breakdowntentative pricing date for a transaction is known at the balance sheet date or if a pricing of year-to-date losses we have recognized on securitizationa transaction has been fixed.

 

  31.12.12   31.12.11 
CHF million  Banking Book   Trading Book   Banking Book   Trading Book 
Residential mortgages        
                     
Commercial mortgages   447        
                     
Credit card receivables        
                     
Leasing        
                     
Loans to corporates or small and medium-sized enterprises        
                     
Consumer loans        
                     
Student loans        
                     
Trade receivables        
                     
Re-securitizations        
                     
Other        
                     
Total   447     0     0     0  
                     

211


Risk, treasury and capital management

Basel 2.5 Pillar 3

Table 34: Securitization positions retained or purchased in the banking book. Losses are reported after taking into account the offsetting effects of any credit protection that is an eligible risk

mitigation instrument under the Basel 2.5 framework for the retained or purchased position. We report such positions partially on a fair value and partially on an amortized cost less impairment basis.

book

 

 

  31.12.11   31.12.10 
CHF million  Originator   Sponsor   Originator   Sponsor 
Residential mortgages   2     1     2    
                     
Commercial mortgages   4     11       6  
                     
Credit card receivables        
                     
Leasing     1      
                     
Loans to corporates or SME         1  
                     
Consumer loans        
                     
Student loans     4      
                     
Trade receivables        
                     
Re-securitizations   1     5     1     14  
                     
Other     4     1     21  
                     
Total   7     26     3     41  
                     

Banking book – outstanding exposures intended to be securitized

We only disclose our intention to securitize exposures when we act as originator and after the pricing of a deal has been fixed. On this basis, as of 31 December 2011, no exposures in the banking book were intended to be securitized.

Banking book – securitization positions retained or purchased

 

This table provides a breakdown of securitization positions which we have retained or purchased in the banking book, irrespective of our role in the securitization transaction. The increase in the “Other” line is mainly due to new synthetic hedging transactions entered into in 2012. The value disclosed is either the net exposure amount at default subject to risk-weighting or the carrying value subject to capital deduction according to the Basel 2.5 framework at the balance sheet date.

 

  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.12   31.12.11 
CHF million  On balance sheet   Off balance sheet   On balance sheet   Off balance sheet   On balance sheet   Off balance sheet   On balance sheet   Off balance sheet 
Residential mortgages1   810     1,000     1,045    
Residential mortgages   600       810     1,000  
                        
Commercial mortgages   584       2,100       553       584    
                        
Credit card receivables       53            
                        
Leasing   62       130       47       62    
                        
Loans to corporates or SME   331       1,855    
Loans to corporates or small and medium-sized enterprises   240       331    
                        
Consumer loans   1       4       1       1    
                        
Student loans   5,468       9,475       3,892       5,468    
                        
Trade receivables                
                        
Re-securitizations2   1,632       4,824    
Re-securitizations   800     147     1,632    
                        
Other   3,303       4,715       9,334     33     3,303    
                        
Total   12,189     1,000     24,201     0  
Total1   15,466     180     12,189     1,000  
                        

1 As of 31 December 2010, Alt-A, subprime residential mortgage-backed exposures of CHF 1,651 million were underpinned on the basis of the standardized approach. Hence these exposures were not disclosed in this tableAmounts presented for 31 December 2010, instead they2012 include CHF 0.7 billion which were deducted from capital – refer to “Table 37: Positions deducted from BIS tier 1 and BIS tier 2 capital”. The exposure excluding items deducted from capital (approximately CHF 15 billion) is also disclosed in the credit risk exposure section. In 2011, these positions were subject to the securitization framework and included in the table in the“Securitization/Re-securitization exposures” line “Residential mortgages” for 31 December 2011.  2It is our policy to present Pillar 3 disclosures in line with the respective capital adequacy treatment under Pillar 1. In 2010, the capital adequacy treatment under Pillar 1 for banking book securitization and re-securitization structures was identical. In 2011, following the implementation of “Table 2: Detailed segmentation of BIS Basel 2.5 the differentiation between securitizations and re-securitizations became relevant for Pillar 1 capital adequacy purposes. As a consequence, we have refined our processes to differentiate between securitization types and applied the revised presentation principles prospectively. Securitization transactions of CHF 2,332 million presented under re-securitizations as of 31 December 2010 are presented in the line “Other” (CHF 970 million) and “Loans to corporates or SME” (CHF 1,362 million) on 31 December 2011.

185


Risk, treasury and capital management

Basel 2.5 Pillar 3

Banking book – capital charge for securitization / re-securitization positions retained or purchasedrisk-weighted assets”.

These tables provide the capital charge for securitization/re-securitization positions we have purchased or retained in the banking book, irrespective of our role in the securitization transaction, split by risk weight bands and regulatory capital approach. Neither

table contains capital deductions. With the introduction of Basel 2.5, re-securitization positions require a higher capital charge. No comparative numbers for 31 December 2010 are provided as this information is disclosed for the first time under Basel 2.5.

Capital charge for securitization positions retained or purchased    
           

 

  31.12.11 
CHF million  

Capital charge

ratings-based

approach

   

Capital charge

supervisory formula

approach

 
over 0 – 10%   2    
           
over 10 – 15%   45     15  
           
over 15 – 20%   27    
           
over 20 – 35%   7    
           
over 35 – 50%   4    
           
over 50 – 75%   7    
           
over 75 – 100%   10    
           
over 100 – 250%   47    
           
over 250 – 1,250%   87    
           
Total   237     15  
           

Capital charge for re-securitization positions retained or purchased    
           

 

  31.12.11 
CHF million  

Capital charge

ratings-based

approach

   

Capital charge

supervisory formula

approach

 
over 0 – 10%    
           
over 10 – 15%    
           
over 15 – 20%   1    
           
over 20 – 35%   1    
           
over 35 – 50%   38    
           
over 50 – 75%   2    
           
over 75 – 100%   1    
           
over 100 – 250%   4    
           
over 250 – 1,250%   14    
           
Total   61     0  
           
186


Risk, treasury and capital management

 

Banking book – deductions from eligible capital related to securitizationTable 35: Securitization positions retained or purchased in the trading book

This table provides a breakdown of securitization positions we purchased or retained in the trading book subject to the securitization framework for specific market risk, irrespective of our role in the securitization transaction. Gross long and gross short amounts reflect the positions prior to the eligible offsetting of cash and derivative

positions. Net long and net short amounts are the result of offsetting cash and derivative positions to the extent eligible under Basel 2.5. The amounts disclosed are either the fair value or, in the case of derivative positions, the aggregate of the notional amount and the associated replacement value at the balance sheet date.

 

  Cash positions   Derivative positions  Total 
CHF million  Gross long   Gross short   Gross long   Gross short  Net long2   Net short 
Residential mortgages   49       1,066     1,175    141     125  
                              
Commercial mortgages   869     25     5,871     6,704    923     926  
                              
Credit card receivables   3          3    
                              
Leasing   7          7    
                              
Loans to corporates or small and medium-sized enterprises   1          1    
                              
Consumer loans           
                              
Student loans           
                              
Trade receivables           
                              
Re-securitizations   411     3     235     551    168     81  
                              
Other   15     1        14     1  
                              
Total 31.12.121   1,355     29     7,172     8,430    1,257     1,134  
                              
Residential mortgages   212     2     807     1,0683   526     549  
                              
Commercial mortgages   482     12     6,467     7,0593   1,317     2,125  
                              
Credit card receivables   3         939    3     469  
                              
Leasing   4          3    
                              
Loans to corporates or small and medium-sized enterprises   6     4        5     4  
                              
Consumer loans   1          1    
                              
Student loans   4          3    
                              
Trade receivables   4          4    
                              
Re-securitizations   395     14     84     150    480     163  
                              
Other   299     8     17     200    199     197  
                              
Total 31.12.111   1,410     40     7,376     9,416    2,542     3,506  
                              

1  Leveraged super senior tranches and re-securitized corporate credit exposure (both subject to the securitization framework) are not included in this table, but disclosed in “Table 41: Correlation products subject to the comprehensive risk measure or the securitization framework for specific risk” (re-securitized corporate credit exposure only for 2011).2 31 December 2012 includes CHF 0.2 billion (CHF 0.6 billion as of 31 December 2011) which is deducted from capital and disclosed in “Table 37: Positions deducted from BIS tier 1 and BIS tier 2 capital”. The net exposure at default of CHF 6.5 billion as of 31 December 2012 disclosed in “Table 2: Detailed segmentation of BIS Basel 2.5 risk-weighted assets” (line “Securitization/re-securitization exposures”) comprises of the total net long position of CHF 1.3 billion (included in this table) and CHF 5.4 billion for leveraged super senior tranches less securitizations subject to capital deductions of CHF 0.2 billion (“Table 37: Positions deducted from BIS tier 1 and BIS tier 2 capital”).3  In 2012, 31 December 2011 figures have been restated due to a reclassification of positions from Residential mortgages to Commercial mortgages. The reclassification did neither impact our risk-weighted assets nor our eligible capital.

Risk, treasury and capital management

Basel 2.5 Pillar 3

Table 36: Capital requirement for securitization / re-securitization positions retained or purchased in the banking book

The table provides the capital requirements for securitization and re-securitization positions we purchased or retained in the banking book, irrespective of our role in the securitization transaction,

split by risk weight bands and regulatory capital approach. The tables below exclude securitization and re-securitization positions deducted from capital.

 

  31.12.12   31.12.11 

 

  Ratings-based approach   Supervisory formula approach   Ratings-based approach   Supervisory formula approach 
CHF million  Securitization   Re-securitization   Securitization   Re-securitization   Securitization   Re-securitization   Securitization   Re-securitization 
over 0 – 10%   4       49       2        
                                         
over 10 – 15%   40           45       15    
                                         
over 15 – 20%   10           27     1      
                                         
over 20 – 35%   7     5         7     1      
                                         
over 35 – 50%   4     9         4     38      
                                         
over 50 – 75%   17     1         7     2      
                                         
over 75 – 100%   23           10     1      
                                         
over 100 – 250%   44     23         47     4      
                                         
over 250 – 1,250%   114     65         87     14      
                                         
Total1   263     103     49     0     237     61     15     0  
                                         

1 Refer to “Table 2: Detailed segmentation of BIS Basel 2.5 risk-weighted assets”; on 31 December 2012, CHF 5.5 billion (on 31 December 2011, CHF 4.1 billion) banking book securitization exposures translate to a capital requirement of overall CHF 0.4 billion (on 31 December 2011, CHF 0.3 billion) without applying a scaling factor of 1.06.

Table 37: Positions deducted from BIS tier 1 and BIS tier 2 capital

 

 

This table outlines the capital deductions related to securitization positions we have retained or purchased in the banking and trading book, irrespective of our role in the securitization transaction. At the balance sheet dates,The significant reduction at year end 2012 compared to 2011 year end is mainly due

we neither hadto sales of retained or purchased securitization positions which would bewere subject to a capital deduction. As of 31 December 2012, we did not have securitization positions or credit-enhancing interest-only strips that were required to be deducted entirely from BIS tier 1 capital, nor did we hold credit-enhancing interest-only strips that were required to be deducted.capital.

 

 

 

  31.12.12   31.12.11 
CHF million  Banking Book
deductions
   Trading Book
deductions
   Banking Book
deductions
   Trading Book
deductions
 
Residential mortgages   147     19     672     871 
                     
Commercial mortgages   201     71     242     2641 
                     
Credit card receivables        
                     
Leasing   27       38    
                     
Loans to corporates or small and medium-sized enterprises   14       27     4  
                     
Consumer loans   1       1     1  
                     
Student loans   43       496    
                     
Trade receivables        
                     
Re-securitizations   154     93     432     230  
                     
Other   65       1,116     6  
                     
Total   652     183     3,024     591  
                     

1In 2012, December 2011 figures have been restated due to a reclassification of positions from Residential mortgages to Commercial mortgages. The reclassification did neither impact our risk-weighted assets nor our eligible capital.

 

  31.12.11   31.12.10 
CHF million  Positions
deducted from
BIS tier 1 capital and
BIS tier 2 capital
   Positions
deducted from
BIS tier 1 capital and
BIS tier 2 capital
 
Residential mortgages   672     238  
           
Commercial mortgages   242     266  
           
Credit card receivables    
           
Leasing   38     57  
           
Loans to corporates or SME   27    
           
Consumer loans   1     1  
           
Student loans   496     1,489  
           
Trade receivables    
           
Re-securitizations   432     808  
           
Other   1,116     131  
           
Total   3,024     2,990  
           

187

Risk, treasury and capital management


Risk, treasury and capital management

Basel 2.5 Pillar 3

 

Banking book – securitizationSecuritization exposures subject to early amortizations in the banking and trading book

We currently do not have

In 2012 and 2011, we had no securitization structures in the banking and trading book that are subject to early amortization treatment.

Banking book – re-securitizationTable 38: Re-securitization positions retained or purchased and broken down according to guarantor credit-worthiness categoriesin the banking book

 

 

The upper part of this table shows the total of re-securitization positions (cash as well as synthetic) held in the banking book, broken down into positions for which credit risk mitigation has been recognized versus positions whereand those for which no credit risk mitigation has been recognized. Credit risk mitigation includes protection bought by entering into credit derivatesderivatives with third partythird-party protection sellers, as well as financial collateral received. Both bought credit protection sellers and financial collateral must be eligible under Basel 2.5 regulations.

The lower part of this table shows the re-securitization positions which have an integrated insurance wrapper, split into positions with investment grade, sub-investment grade and defaulted insurance. The values disclosed in both tables are the net exposure amount at default at the balance sheet date.

 

 

CHF million  With credit risk
mitigation
   Without credit risk
mitigation
   Total 

Total 31.12.12

   0     947     947  
                

Total 31.12.11

   0     1,632     1,632  
                

Banking book – re-securitizationRe-securitization positions retained or purchased

CHF million       With credit risk
mitigation
     Without credit risk
mitigation
     Total 
Total 31.12.11      0       1,632       1,632  
                        

Banking book – re-securitization positionswith integrated insurance wrapper broken down according to guarantor creditworthinesscredit worthiness categories1

 

CHF million         
0–5  Investment grade  
         
6–13  Sub-investment grade   22  
         
14  Defaulted  
         
Total 31.12.12     22  
         
0–5  Investment grade   6  
         
6–13  Sub-investment grade   34  
         
14  Defaulted   16  
         
Total 31.12.11     57  
         

1 Internal UBS rating.

Risk, treasury and capital management

Basel 2.5 Pillar 3

 

CHF million          
                  
0/1  Investment grade        
                  
2           3  
                  
3           3  
                  
4          
                  
5          
                  
6  Sub-investment grade        
                  
7          
                  
8          
                  
9          
                  
10          
                  
11          
                  
12           34  
                  
13          
                  
14  Defaulted         16  
                  
Total 31.12.11           57  
                  

Table 39: Re-securitization positions retained or purchased in the trading book

The upper part of the table below outlines re-securitization positions retained or purchased subject to the securitization framework for specific market risk held in the trading book on a gross long and gross short basis, including synthetic long and short positions resulting from derivative transactions. It also includes positions on a net long and net

short basis, that is, gross long and short positions after offsetting to the extent it is eligible under Basel 2.5. The lower part of the table discloses the total re-securitization positions which have an integrated insurance wrapper, split by positions with investment grade, sub-investment grade and defaulted insurance.

CHF million  Gross long   Gross short   Net long   Net short 
Total 31.12.12   646     554     168     81  
                     
Total 31.12.11   480     163     480     163  
                     

Re-securitization positions with integrated insurance wrapper broken down according to guarantor credit worthiness categories1

CHF million                        
0–5  Investment grade   42     46     3     7  
                        
6–13  Sub-investment grade   2     0     2    
                        
14  Defaulted   25     18     10     3  
                        
Total 31.12.12     69     64     15     10  
                        
CHF million                        
0–5  Investment grade        
                        
6–13  Sub-investment grade        
                        
14  Defaulted   3     31     3     31  
                        
Total 31.12.11     3     31     3     31  
                        

1  Internal UBS rating scale.rating.

188


Risk, treasury and capital management

 

Securitization in the trading book

Trading book – securitization activity of the year

This table outlines the total exposures (i.e. deal size at inception) which were securitized in the trading book in 2011. The activity is further broken down by our role (originator/sponsor) and by type (traditional/synthetic).

During 2011, we only acted as sponsor by either advising securitization programs or placing securities into the market.

 

 Originator  Sponsor 

 

 Traditional  Synthetic  Realized
gains/losses
on traditional

securitizations
  Traditional  Synthetic 
CHF million Securitization
positions retained
  No securitization
positions retained
  Securitization
positions retained
  No securitization
positions retained
             
Residential mortgages       
                             
Commercial mortgages       55   
                             
Credit card receivables       
                             
Leasing       495   
                             
Loans to corporates or SME       422   
                             
Consumer loans       
                             
Student loans       2,796   
                             
Trade receivables       
                             
Re-securitizations       2,074   
                             
Other       5,780   
                             
Total 31.12.11  0    0    0    0    0    11,622    0  
                             

Trading book – total outstanding securitized exposures

This table outlines exposures (i.e. outstanding deal size) in the trading book where we have acted as originator and/or sponsor and have retained securitization positions in the trading book. Where we have not retained positions, the outstanding deal size is only disclosed in the year of inception. The value disclosed is the notional of the outstanding notes issued by the securitization vehicle at the balance sheet date.

 

  Originator   Sponsor 
CHF million  Traditional   Synthetic   Traditional   Synthetic 
Residential mortgages   897       14,223    
                     
Commercial mortgages       15,010    
                     
Credit card receivables        
                     
Leasing       282    
                     
Loans to corporates or SME       920    
                     
Consumer loans        
                     
Student loans       2,796    
                     
Trade receivables        
                     
Re-securitizations       2,074    
                     
Other       10,375    
                     
Total 31.12.11   897     0     45,681     0  
                     
189


Risk, treasury and capital management

Basel 2.5 Pillar 3

Trading book – total outstanding exposures intended to be securitized

We disclose our intention to securitize exposures only when we act as originator and after the pricing of a deal has been fixed. On this basis, as of 31 December 2011, no exposures in the trading book were intended to be securitized.

Trading book – aggregatedTable 40: Aggregated amount of securitized exposures subject to the market risk approach

 

This table provides a split of the total outstanding exposures which we have securitized in the trading book in the role of originator and/or sponsor. Disclosure is made only where we have retained positions in the trading book. The amount disclosed is the notional amount of the outstanding notes issued by the securitization vehicle at the balance sheet date.

 

 

  Originator   Sponsor 
CHF million  Traditional   Synthetic   Traditional   Synthetic 
Residential mortgages   897       14,223    
                     
Commercial mortgages       14,955    
                     
Credit card receivables        
                     
Leasing       282    
                     
Loans to corporates or SME       920    
                     
Consumer loans        
                     
Student loans        
                     
Trade receivables        
                     
Re-securitizations        
                     
Other       4,595    
                     
Total 31.12.11   897     0     34,975     0  
                     

Trading book – securitization positions retained or purchased subject to the securitization framework for specific risk

This table provides a breakdown of securitization positions which we have purchased or retained in the trading book, irrespective of our role in the securitization transaction. Gross long and gross short amounts reflect the positions prior to the eligible off-setting of cash and derivative positions. Net long and net short amounts are

the result of off-setting cash and derivative positions to the extent eligible under Basel 2.5. The amounts disclosed are either the market value or the aggregate of notional amount and the associated replacement value of the exposures securitized at the balance sheet date.

  Cash positions   Derivative positions   Total   Originator   Sponsor 
CHF million  Gross long   Gross short   Gross long   Gross short   Net long   Net short   Traditional   Synthetic   Traditional   Synthetic 
Residential mortgages   212     2     7,197     7,432     1,352     2,037     554       7,578    
                              
Commercial mortgages   482     12     77     695     491     637         17,989    
                              
Credit card receivables   3         939     3     469          
                              
Leasing   4           3            
                              
Loans to corporates or SME   6     4         5     4  
Loans to corporates or small and medium-sized enterprises        
            
Consumer loans        
            
Student loans       908    
            
Trade receivables        
            
Re-securitizations   1,779     976     2,604    
            
Other       1,236    
            
Total 31.12.121   2,333     976     30,315     0  
            
Residential mortgages   897       14,223    
            
Commercial mortgages       14,955    
            
Credit card receivables        
            
Leasing       282    
            
Loans to corporates or small and medium-sized enterprises       920    
                              
Consumer loans   1           1            
                              
Student loans   4           3            
                              
Trade receivables   4           4            
                              
Re-securitizations   396     14     84     150     480     163          
                              
Other   299     8     17     200     199     197         4,595    
                              
Total 31.12.111   1,410     40     7,376     9,416     2,542     3,506     897     0     34,975     0  
                              

1 Leveraged super senior tranches and re-securitized corporate credit exposure (both subject toUntil 31 December 2013, the higher of the net long or the net short securitization framework) are not included in this table, but disclosedpositions in the table ‘‘Trading Book –trading book are to be underpinned for the regulatory capital purposes. In line with our disclosure principles, we disclose the UBS originated and sponsored deals only where the positions result in RWA or a capital deduction under Pillar 1.

Risk, treasury and capital management

Basel 2.5 Pillar 3

Table 41: Correlation products subject to the comprehensive risk measure or the securitization framework for specific risk” together with the CRM positions.

190


Risk treasury and capital management

Trading book – correlation products subject to the comprehensive risk measure or the securitization framework for specific-risk

 

 

This table outlines products in the correlation portfolio whichthat we retained or purchased in the trading book, irrespective of our role in the securitization transaction. They are either subject to the comprehensive risk measure or the securitization framework for specific risk. Correlation products subject to the securitization framework are leveraged super senior and certain

re-securitized corporate credit exposure positions. As per IFRS, theThe values disclosed are market values for cash positions, replacement values

and notionalsnotional values for derivative positions. Gross long risk trades across the portfolio have an overallDerivatives are split by positive replacement value and negative replacement value which is a change from the “Basel 2.5 Pillar 3” section of the Annual Report 2011 where derivative positions were split by long and gross short trades have an overall positive replacement value.positions. This aligns the format of the disclosure with the presentation of derivatives in the Financial statements. Comparatives as of 31 December 2011 are presented on this changed basis.

 

 

  Cash positions   Derivative positions  Cash positions Derivative positions 

  Market values   Replacement values   Notionals  Assets Liabilities Assets Liabilities 
CHF million  Gross long   Gross short   Gross long   Gross short   Gross long   Gross short  Market value Market value Positive
replacement
value
 Positive
replacement
value notionals
 Negative
replacement
value
 Negative
replacement
value notionals
 
31.12.12                   
Positions subject to comprehensive risk measure   167     1,067     6,256     5,621     111,681     100,343    191    1,748    4,518    110,653    4,949    91,266  
                   
Positions subject to securitization framework1   44     0     131     188     12,511     22,936      152    12,316    52    20,810  
                   
31.12.11                   
Positions subject to comprehensive risk measure  167    1,067    8,742    113,842    9,377    98,182  
 
Positions subject to securitization framework1  44     432    24,757    376    10,690  
 

1  Includes leveraged super senior tranches and for 31 December 2011 additionally re-securitized corporate credit exposure.

TradingTable 42: Securitization positions and capital requirement for trading book – securitization positions retained or purchased subject to the securitization framework for specific risk

 

This table outlines securitization positions which we have purchased or retained and the capital charge in the trading book subject to the securitization framework for specific market risk, irrespective of our role in the securitization transaction, broken down by risk weight bands and regulatory capital approach. The amounts disclosed for securitization positions are market values at the balance sheet date after eligible netting under Basel 2.5. This table does not contain capital deductions.

 

  31.12.12   31.12.11 

  Ratings-based approach Supervisory formula approach   Ratings-based approach   Supervisory formula approach   Ratings-based approach   Supervisory formula approach 
CHF million  Net long   Net short Net long   Net short     Net long Net
short
 Capital
require-
ment
    Net long Net
short
 Capital
require-
ment
    Net long Net
short
 Capital
require-
ment
    Net long Net
short
 Capital
require-
ment
 
over 0 – 10%   332     2,9981       7    9871    0         332    2,9981   2      
          
over 10 – 15%   80            0         80        
          
over 15 – 20%   348          442     7         348     6      
          
over 20 – 35%   372          293     7         372     9      
          
over 35 – 50%   118          135     5         118     4      
          
over 50 – 75%   139          38     2         139     8      
          
over 75 – 100%   297          93     7         297     13      
          
over 100 – 250%   78          20     4         78     12      
          
over 250 – 1,250%   185          29     12         185     75      
          
Total 31.12.112   1,950     2,998    0     0  
Total2   1,057    987    45     0    0    0     1,950    2,998    130     0    0    0  
          

1  As per FINMA Circular “Market risk banks”“Market-risk Banks”, only the higher of the net long or the net short securitization positions require ain the trading book are to be underpinned for the regulatory capital charge.purposes. The interim relief is granted until 31 December 2013. After the transition period both net long and net short positions require a capital charge. The amount disclosed under net short is for information only, i.e. a 0% riskweightrisk weight was applied.2  Leveraged super senior tranches and re-securitized corporate credit exposure (both subject(subject to the securitization framework) are not included in this table, but disclosed in the table “Trading Book–“Table 41: Correlation products subject to the comprehensive risk measure or the securitization framework for specific risk” together with the CRM positions..

191

Risk, treasury and capital management


Risk, treasury and capital management

Basel 2.5 Pillar 3

 

Trading book – capital chargeTable 43: Capital requirement / deductionsDeductions for securitization positions related to correlation products

 

This table outlines the capital treatmentrequirement for securitization positions in the trading book for correlation products, including positions subject to comprehensive risk measure and positions related to leveraged super senior positions and certain re-securitized corporate credit exposures positions subject to the securitization framework. Our model does not distinguish between “default risk”, “migration risk” and “correlation risk”.

 

 

CHF million

  31.12.11   31.12.11   31.12.12  31.12.11 
  Capital charge   Deduction   

Capital

requirement

   

Capital

deduction

  

Capital

requirement

   

Capital

deduction

 
Positions subject to comprehensive risk measure   690       714       690    
                  
Positions subject to securitization framework1   121     9     86       121     9  
                  

1  Includes leveraged super senior tranches and re-securitized corporate credit exposure

Trading book – capital charge for securitization positions subject to the securitization framework

This table outlines the capital charge for securitization positions subject to the securitization framework for specific risk in the trading book, split by risk weight bands and regulatory capital approach. This table does not contain capital deductions.

CHF million  Ratings-based
approach
   Supervisory formula
approach
 
over 0–10%   2    
           
over 10–15%   0    
           
over 15–20%   6    
           
over 20–35%   9    
           
over 35–50%   4    
           
over 50–75%   8    
           
over 75–100%   13    
           
over 100–250%   12    
           
over 250–1,250%   75    
           
Total 31.12.111   130     0  
           

1  Leveraged super senior tranches subject to the securitization framework are not included in this table, but disclosed in table “Trading Book – Capital charge / Deductionsand for securitization positions related to correlation products” together with the CRM positions.

Trading book – deductions from eligible capital related to securitization positions

This table outlines the capital deductions related to securitization positions we have retained or purchased in the trading book, irrespective of our role in the securitization transaction. As of 31 December 2011 we had no securitization positions which would need to be entirely deducted from tier 1 capital, and no deduction positions related toadditionally re-securitized corporate credit enhancing interest only strips.

exposure.

 

CHF million

Positions deducted from

BIS tier 1 capital and BIS tier 2 capital

Residential mortgages   262
Commercial mortgages89
Credit card receivables
Leasing
Loans to corporates or SME4
Consumer loans1
Student loans
Trade receivables
Re-securitizations230
Other6
Total 31.12.111591
219  

1  Deductions related to re-securitized corporate credit exposure are captured in table “Capital charge / deductions for securitization positions related to correlation products”.

192


Risk, treasury and capital management

Trading book – securitization exposures subject to early amortizations

We currently do not have securitization structures that are subject to early amortization treatment.

Trading book – re-securitization positions retained or purchased and broken down according to guarantor creditworthiness categories

The upper part of the table below outlines re-securitization positions retained or purchased which are held in the trading book on a gross long and gross short basis, including synthetic long and short positions resulting from derivative transactions. It also includes positions on a net long and net short basis, i.e. after applying off-setting to the extent it is eligible under Basel 2.5. The lower part of the table discloses the total re-securitization positions which have an integrated insurance wrapper split by positions with investment grade, sub-investment grade and defaulted insurance.

Trading book – re-securitization positions retained or purchased

CHF million  Gross-long   Gross-short   Net long   Net short 
Total 31.12.11   480     163     480     163  
                     

Trading book – re-securitization positions broken down according to guarantor creditworthiness categories1

CHF million                        
0/1  Investment grade        
                        
2          
                        
3          
                        
4          
                        
5          
                        
6  Sub-investment grade        
                        
7          
                        
8          
                        
9          
                        
10          
                        
11          
                        
12          
                        
13          
                        
14  Defaulted   3     31     3     31  
                        
Total 31.12.11     3     31     3     31  
                        

1  Internal UBS rating scale.

193


 


Corporate

governance,

responsibility and

compensation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Audited information according to the Swiss Code of Obligations and applicable regulatory requirements and guidance

Disclosures provided in line with the requirements of articles 663bbis and 663c para. 3 of the Swiss Code of Obligations (supplementary disclosures for companies whose shares are listed on a stock exchange: compensations and participations) and applicable regulations and guidance are also included in the audited financial statements of UBS AG (Parent Bank) in the “Financial information” section of this report. Tables containing such information are marked by a bar “audited” throughout this section.

 

Information assured according to the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI)

Content of the sections “Corporate responsibility” and “Our employees” has been reviewed by Ernst & Young LtdLtd. against the GRI Sustainability Reporting Guidelines for application level A+, as evidenced in the Ernst & Young assurance report on pages 240–241.www.ubs.com/global/en/about_ubs/corporate_responsibility/commitment_strategy/reporting_ assurance.html. The assurance by Ernst & Young also covered other relevant text and data in the Annual Report 20112012 and on the website of UBS which is referenced in the GRI Index(www.ubs.com/gri)

 

 


Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

Corporate governance

 

Corporate governance

Our corporate governance principles are designed to support our objective of sustainable profitability, as well as to create value and protect the interests of our shareholders and other stakeholders. We use the term “corporate governance” when referring to the organizational structure of UBS and operational practices of our management.

 

We are subject to, and act in compliance with, all relevant Swiss legal and regulatory requirements regarding corporate governance, in particular with all applicable laws,including the SIX Swiss Exchange’s (SIX) Directive on Information Relating to Corporate Governance, as well as the standards established in the Swiss Code of Best Practice for Corporate Governance, including the appendix on executive compensation.

In addition, as a foreign company with shares listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), we are in compliance with all relevant corporate governance standards applicable to foreign listed companies.

TheBased on article 716b of the Swiss Code of Obligations and articles 24 and 26 of the Articles of Association of UBS AG (Articles of Association), the Board of Directors (BoD) has adopted the revised Organization Regulations of UBS AG (Organization Regulations) that came into effect on 1 January 2012 and, which constitute our corporate governance guidelines. The currently applicable Organization Regulations date from 1 January 2013. The BoD has also adopted the currently applicable UBS Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the Code). in September 2012.

 è 

Refer towww.ubs.com/governancefor more details on both,the Articles of Association, the Organization Regulations and the Code

Differences from corporate governance standards relevant to US-listed companies

According to the NYSE listing standards on corporate governance, foreign private issuers are required to disclose any significant ways in which their corporate governance practices differ from those to be followed by domestic companies.

Responsibility of the Audit Committee for appointment, compensation, retention and oversight of the Independentindependent auditors

The Audit Committee (AC) has been assigned all the abovementioned responsibilities, except for appointment of the independent auditors, who are elected by the shareholders as per Swiss company law. The ACAudit Committee assesses the performance and qualification of the external auditors and submits its proposal for appointment, reappointment or removal to the full BoD, which brings its proposal to the shareholders for vote at the Annual General Meeting of Shareholders (AGM).

Discussion of risk assessment and risk management policies by the Risk Committee

In accordance with our Organization Regulations, the Risk Committee (RC) has the authority to define our risk principles and risk capacity. The

RC Risk Committee is responsible for monitoring our adherence to those risk

principles and for monitoring whether business divisions and control units run appropriate systems for risk management and control.

Supervision of the internal audit function

The Chairman of the BoD (Chairman), the RCRisk Committee and the ACAudit Committee share responsibility for and authority to supervise the internal audit function.

Responsibility of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee for oversight of management and evaluation by the Board of Directors

Performance evaluations of our senior management, comprising the Group Chief Executive Officer (Group CEO) and Group Executive Board (GEB) members, are completed by the Chairman and the Human Resources and Compensation Committee, and are reported to the full BoD.

Responsibility of the Governance and Nominating Committee for the evaluation of the Board of Directors

The BoD has direct responsibility and authority to evaluate its own performance, with preparation by the Governance and Nominating Committee. All BoD Committeescommittees perform a self-assessment of their activities and report back to the full BoD. The BoD has direct responsibility and authority to evaluate its own performance, without preparation by a BoD Committee.

Proxy statement reports of the Audit Committee and Human Resources and Compensation Committee

Under Swiss company law, all reports addressed to shareholders are provided and signed by the full BoD, which has ultimate responsibility vis-à-vis shareholders. The Committeescommittees submit their reports to the full BoD.

Shareholders’ votes on Equity Compensation Plansequity compensation plans

Swiss company law authorizes the BoD to approve compensation plans. Though Swiss law does not allocate such authority to shareholders as part of the AGM, it requires that Swiss companies determine the nature and components of capital in their articles of association, and each increase ofin capital is required to be submitted for shareholders’shareholder approval. This means that, if equity-based compensation plans result in a need for aan increase in capital, increase, AGM approval is mandatory. If, however, shares for such plans are purchased in the market, shareholders do not have the authority to vote on their approval.approval authority.

 è 

Refer to the section “Board of Directors” section for more information about the Board of Directors CommitteesDirectors’ committees

 è 

Refer to the section “Capital structure” section for more information on capital

 

 

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Corporate governance, responsibility

and compensation

 

Group structure and shareholders

 

UBS Group legal entity structure

Under Swiss company law, UBS AG is organized as a limited company;anAktiengesellschaft (AG), a corporation that has issued shares of common stock to investors. UBS AG is the Parentparent bank (Parent Bank or UBS) of the UBS Group (Group).

Our legal entity structure is designed to support our businesses withinwith an efficient legal, regulatory, tax and funding framework.framework considering regulatory restrictions in the countries where we operate. Neither our business divisions nor the Corporate Center are separate legal entities; they primarily operate out of the Parent Bank, UBS AG, through its branches worldwide. This structure is designed to capitalize on the increased business opportunities and cost efficiencies offered by the use of a single legal platform, and to enable the flexible and efficient use of capital. Where it is neither possible nor efficient to operate out of the Parent Bank, businesses operate through local subsidiaries. This can be the case when required for legal, tax or regulatory purposes, or when additional legal entities join the Group through acquisition.

Operational Group structure

On 31 December 2011,2012, the operational structure of the Group comprised the Corporate Center and fourfive business divisions: Wealth Management, & Swiss Bank, Wealth Management Americas, Investment Bank, Global Asset Management and Retail & Corporate, as well as the Investment Bank.Corporate Center with its components, Core Functions and Legacy Portfolio.

 è 

Refer to the “Financial and operating performance” section and “Note 2a Segment Reporting” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Listed and non-listed companies belonging to the Group

The Group includes a number of consolidated entities, none of which, however, are listed companies on the stock exchange, other than UBS AG.

 è 

Refer to “Note 3334 Significant subsidiaries and associates” in the “Financial information” section of this report for details of the significant operating subsidiary companiessubsidiaries of the Group

Significant shareholders

Under the Federal Act on Stock Exchanges and Securities Trading of 24 March 1995, as amended (the Swiss Stock Exchange Act), anyone holding shares in a company listed in Switzerland, or holding derivative rights related to shares of such a company, must notify the company and the SIX Swiss Exchange (SIX), if the holding attains, falls below or exceeds one of the following threshold percentages: 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 33 1/3, 50, or 66 2/3% of the voting rights, whether they are exercisable or not. The detailed disclosure requirements and the methodology for calculating the thresholds are defined in the Ordinance of the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) Ordinance on Stock Exchanges and Securities Trading (the Ordinance)(SESTO-FINMA). In particular, the Ordinance takes into accountSESTO-FINMA sets forth that all future potential share obligations irrespective of their possible contingent nature must be taken into account, and prohibits the netting of acquisition positions (in particular shares, conversion rights and acquisition rights or obligations) with disposal positions (i.e. rights or obligations to sell). It furtheralso requires that each such position be calculated separately and reported as soon as it reaches one of the abovementioned

LOGO

  

Shareholders registered in the UBS share register with 3% or more of total share capital

 

  

   % of share capital  31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
  Chase Nominees Ltd., London   11.94     10.95     10.70  
                  
  Government of Singapore Investment Corp., Singapore   6.40     6.41     6.41  
                  
  DTC (Cede & Co.), New York1   5.28     7.07     7.32  
                  
  Nortrust Nominees Ltd., London   3.84     4.20     3.79  
  

1  DTC (Cede & Co.), New York, “The Depository Trust Company”, is a US securities clearing organization.

      

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Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

Corporate governance

thresholds. Nominee companies which cannot autonomously decide how voting rights are exercised are not obligated to notify UBS and the SIX if they reach, exceed or fall below the threshold percentages.

In addition, pursuant to the Swiss Code of Obligations, UBS must disclose in itsthe notes to theits financial statements the identity of any shareholder with a holding of more than 5% of the total share capital of UBS AG.

According to disclosure notifications filed with UBS AG and the SIX under the Swiss Stock Exchange Act, on 30 September 2011, Norges Bank (the Central Bank of Norway), Oslo, disclosed under the Swiss Stock Exchange Act, a holding of 3.04% of the total share capital of UBS AG. On 15 April 2011, the Capital Group Companies, Inc., Los Angeles, disclosed under the Swiss Stock Exchange Act, that their holding

LOGO 

Shareholders registered in the UBS share register with 3% or more of shares issued

 

  

  
 In % of shares issued  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09 
 Chase Nominees Ltd., London   10.95     10.70     11.63  
                 
 DTC (Cede & Co.), New York1   7.07     7.32     8.42  
                 
 Government of Singapore Investment Corp., Singapore   6.41     6.41     less than 3  
                 
 Nortrust Nominees Ltd., London   4.20     3.79     3.07  
                 

1  DTC (Cede & Co.), New York, “The Depository Trust Company”, is a US securities clearing organization.

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Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

Corporate governance

of 4.90% of the total share capital of UBS AG, disclosed on 8 June 2010, fell below the threshold of 3%. On 12 March 2010, the Government of Singapore Investment Corp., Singapore, as beneficial owner, disclosed under the Swiss Stock Exchange Act, a holding by the Government of Singapore Investment Corp. of 6.45% of the total share capital of UBS AG.. On 17 December 2009, Black-RockBlackRock Inc., New York, disclosed under the Swiss Stock Exchange Act, a holding of 3.45% of the total share capital of UBS AG.. In accordance with the Swiss Stock Exchange Act, the percentages indicated above were calculated

in relation to the total UBS share capital reflected in the Articles of Association of UBS AG (Articles of Association) at the time of the respective disclosure notification. Information on disclosures under the Swiss Stock Exchange Act can be

found on the following website of the SIX:http://www.six-exchange-regulation.com/www.six-exchange­regulation.com/obligations/disclosure/major_
shareholders_en.html.major_shareholders
_ en.html.

According to our share register, the shareholders (acting in their own name or in their capacity as nominees for other investors or beneficial owners) listed in the table on the previous page were registered with 3% or more of the total share capital on 31 December 2012, 2011 2010 and 2009.2010.

Cross shareholdingsCross-shareholdings

We have no cross shareholdingscross-shareholdings in excess of a reciprocal 5% of capital or voting rights with any other company.

 

 

198224  


Corporate governance, responsibility

and compensation

 

Capital structure

 

Capital

Under Swiss company law, shareholders must approve in a shareholders’ meeting any increase in the total number of issued shares, which may arise from an ordinary share capital increase, or the creation of conditional or authorized capital. At year-end 2011, 3,832,121,8992012, 3,835,250,233 shares were issued with a par value of CHF 0.10 each, leading to ordinarya share capital of CHF 383,212,189.90.383,525,023.30.

Conditional share capital

At year-end 2011,2012, the following conditional share capital was available to the BoD:Board of Directors (BoD):

 

At the Annual General Meeting of Shareholders (AGM) held in 2006, shareholders approved conditional capital in the maximum amount of 150,000,000 fully paid registered shares, with a nominal value of CHF 0.10 each, to be used for employee option grants. Options are exercisable at any time between their vesting and expiration dates. Shareholders have no pre-emptivepreemptive rights. In 2011,2012, options on 1,281,3863,128,334 shares were exercised under the option plans with a total of 148,639,326145,510,992 conditional capital shares being available to satisfy further exercises of options.

 

At the AGM held in 2009, our shareholders approved the creation of conditional capital for the potential issuance of 100,000,000 fully paid registered shares, with a nominal value of CHF 0.10 each, in the event of the exercise of warrants granted to the Swiss National Bank (SNB) in connection with the loan granted by the SNB to the SNB Stab-Fund.StabFund. Shareholders have no pre-emptive rights. The SNB as owner of the warrants shall be entitled to subscribe for the new shares.

 

At the AGM held in 2010, shareholders approved conditional capital in the amount of up to 380,000,000 fully paid registered shares, with a nominal value of CHF 0.10 each, throughfor the exercise of conversion rights and/or warrants granted in connection with the issuance of bonds or similar financial instruments by UBS.UBS or one of its group companies. Shareholders have no pre-emptive rights. The owners of conversion rights and/or warrants would be entitled to subscribe to the new shares. At year-end 2011,2012, the BoD had not made use of the allowance to issue bonds or warrants with conversion rights covered by conditional share capital.

For the AGM 2012, the BoD proposes to increase the size of the existing conditional capital of Article 4a para. 1 of the Articles of Association, originally approved at the AGM held in 2006, from CHF 14,863,932.60 to CHF 30,000,000 which allows the BoD to issue up to 300 million UBS shares. At the same time, the BoD proposes to amend the current wording of said article to permit the

delivery of shares out of the conditional capital to satisfy awards granted under employee share plans.

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Refer to the discussion of “UBS shares” in the “capital“Capital management” section of this report for more information on conditional share capital

Authorized snareshare capital

The BoD has no authorized share capital available.

Changes of shareholders’ equity and shares

According to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), Group equity attributable to UBS shareholders amounted to CHF 53.445.9 billion on 31 December 2011 (2010:2012 (2011: CHF 46.848.5 billion; 2009:2010: CHF 41.043.7 billion). The UBS Group shareholders’ equity was represented by 3,832,121,8993,835,250,233 issued shares on 31 December 2011 (2010: 3,830,840,513; 2009: 3,558,112,753)2012 (2011: 3,832,121,899; 2010: 3,830,840,513).

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Refer to the “Statement of changes in equity” in the “Financial information (consolidated financial statements)”information” section of this report for more information on changes in shareholders’ equity over the last three years

Shares and participation certificates

We have only one unified class of shares issued. Our shares are issued in registered form, and are traded and settled as global registered shares. Each registered share has a par value of CHF 0.10 and carries one vote subject to the restrictions set out under “Transferability, voting rights and nominee registration”. Global registered shares provide direct and equal ownership for all shareholders, irrespective of the country and stock exchange on which they are traded.

Ownership of UBS shares is widely spread. The tables on the following page provide information about the distribution of our shareholders by category and geographical location. This information relates only to registered shareholders and cannot be assumed to be representative of our entire investor base nor the actual beneficial ownership. Only shareholders registered in the share register as “shareholders with voting rights” are entitled to exercise voting rights.

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Refer to the “Shareholders’ participation rights” section of this report for more information

On 31 December 2011, 2,181,819,7242012, 2,093,113,878 shares carried voting rights, 396,311,882425,566,918 shares were entered in the share register without voting rights, and 1,253,990,2931,316,569,437 shares were not registered. All 3,832,121,8993,835,250,233 shares were fully paid up and eligible for dividends. There are no preferential rights for shareholders, and no other classes of shares are issued by the Parent Bank.

At year-end 2012, we owned UBS registered shares corresponding to 2.3% of the total share capital of UBS AG. At the same time, we had disposal positions relating to 422,236,769

 

 

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Distribution of UBS shares

On 31 December 2012

Shareholders registeredShares registered
Number of shares registeredNumber%Number% of shares issued
1-10036,52311.42,094,3630.1
101-1,000175,17554.980,703,3132.2
1,001-10,00096,58230.3268,211,5347.0
10,001-100,0009,9323.1254,257,9846.6
100,001-1,000,0008310.3205,015,2485.3
1,000,001-5,000,000970.0205,566,8855.4
5,000,001-38,352,502(1%)250.0253,469,7116.6
1-2%00.000.0
2-3%20.0196,546,5845.1
3-4%10.0147,144,7583.8
4-5%00.000.0
Over 5%310.0905,670,41623.6
Total registered319,171100.02,518,680,796265.7
Unregistered31,316,569,43734.3
Total shares issued3,835,250,233100.0

1  On 31 December 2012, Chase Nominees Ltd., London, entered as a trustee/nominee, was registered with 11.94% of all UBS shares issued. However, according to the provisions of UBS, voting rights of a trustee/nominee are limited to a maximum of 5% of all UBS shares issued. The US securities clearing organization DTC (Cede & Co), New York, was registered with 5.28% of all UBS shares issued and is not subject to this 5% voting limit as securities clearing organization. The same applies to the Government of Singapore Investment Corp., Singapore, which is registered as beneficial owner with 6.40% of all UBS shares issued.  2  Of the total shares registered, 425,566,918 shares did not carry voting rights.  3  Shares not entered in the share register on 31 December 2012.

 

On 31 December 2011

  Shareholders registered   Shares registered 
Number of shares registered  Number  %   Number  % of shares issued 
1-100   38,987    11.3     2,274,547    0.1  
                   
101-1,000   190,899    55.2     88,190,965    2.3  
                   
1,001-10,000   104,519    30.3     290,072,681    7.6  
                
10,001-100,000   10,448    3.0     263,182,320    6.9  
                   
100,001-1,000,000   749    0.2     187,940,646    4.9  
                   
1,000,001-5,000,000   96    0.0     204,778,874    5.3  
                   
5,000,001-38,321,218(1%)   28    0.0     273,827,225    7.1  
                   
1-2%   1    0.0     72,243,657    1.9  
                   
2-3%   1    0.0     98,879,288    2.6  
                   
3-4%   0    0.0     0    0.0  
                   
4-5%   1    0.0     160,917,513    4.2  
                   
Over 5%   31   0.0     935,823,890    24.4  
                   
Total registered   345,732    100.0     2,578,131,606    67.3  
                   
Unregistered2      1,253,990,293    32.7  
                   
Total shares issued      3,832,121,8993   100.0  
                   

1  On 31 December 2011, Chase Nominees Ltd., London, entered as a trustee/nominee, was registered with 10.95% of all UBS shares issued. However, according to the provisions of UBS, voting rights of a trustee/nominee are limited to a maximum of 5% of all UBS shares issued. The US securities clearing organization DTC (Cede & Co.), New York, was registered with 7.07% of all UBS shares issued and is not subject to this 5% voting limit as securities clearing organization. The same applies to the Government of Singapore Investment Corp., Singapore, which is registered as beneficial owner with 6.41% of all UBS shares issued.2 Shares not entered in the share register on 31 December 2011.3 Of the total shares issued, 396,311,882 registered shares do not carry voting rights.

Shareholders: type and geographical distribution

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Shareholders: type and geographical distribution

  

 

 

  Shareholders registered   Shares registered 
 On 31 December 2012  Number   %   Number   % 
 Individual shareholders   311,923     97.7     645,899,792     16.8  
                      
 Legal entities   6,722     2.1     715,669,363     18.7  
                      
 Nominees, fiduciaries   526     0.2     1,157,111,641     30.2  
                      
 Unregistered       1,316,569,437     34.3  
                      
 Total   319,171     100.0     3,835,250,233     100.0  
                      
 Americas   10,508     3.3     442,964,426     11.5  
                      
 

of which: USA

   9,228     2.9     436,853,595     11.4  
                      
 Asia Pacific   6,755     2.1     337,130,466     8.9  
                      
 Europe, Middle East and Africa   17,734     5.6     948,286,653     24.7  
                      
 

of which: Germany

   5,417     1.8     27,657,258     0.7  
                      
 

of which: UK

   6,126     1.9     723,850,149     18.9  
                      
 

of which: Rest of Europe

   5,855     1.8     195,478,601     5.1  
                      
 

of which: Middle East and Africa

   336     0.1     1,300,645     0.0  
                      
 Switzerland   284,174     89.0     790,299,251     20.6  
                      
 Unregistered       1,316,569,437     34.3  
                      
 Total   319,171     100.0     3,835,250,233     100.0  

 

 

  Shareholders   Shares 
On 31 December 2011  Number   %   Number   % 
Individual shareholders   337,602     97.6     665,300,452     17.4  
                     
Legal entities   7,569     2.2     704,903,448     18.4  
                     
Nominees, fiduciaries   561     0.2     1,207,927,706     31.5  
                     
Unregistered       1,253,990,293     32.7  
                     
Total   345,732     100.0     3,832,121,899     100.0  
                     
Switzerland   309,443     89.5     835,304,519     21.8  
                     
Europe   19,060     5.5     915,253,433     23.9  
                     
North America   9,252     2.7     489,932,937     12.8  
                     
Other countries   7,977     2.3     337,640,717     8.8  
                     
Unregistered       1,253,990,293     32.7  
                     
Total   345,732     100.0     3,832,121,899     100.0  
                     

Ordinary share capital

    Share capital in CHF   Number of shares   Par value
in CHF
 
On 31 December 2009   355,811,275     3,558,112,753     0.10  
                
Issue of shares for capital increase (conversion of mandatory convertible notes)   27,265,100     272,651,005     0.10  
                
Issue of shares out of conditional capital due to employee options exercised   7,676     76,755     0.10  
                
On 31 December 2010   383,084,051     3,830,840,513     0.10  
                
Issue of shares out of conditional capital due to employee options exercised   128,139     1,281,386     0.10  
                
On 31 December 2011   383,212,190     3,832,121,899     0.10  
                

LOGO

 

Share capital

  

     Share capital in CHF   Number of shares   Par value
in CHF
 
 On 31 December 2010   383,084,051     3,830,840,513     0.10  
                 
 Issue of shares out of conditional capital due to employee options exercised   128,139     1,281,386     0.10  
                 
 On 31 December 2011   383,212,190     3,832,121,899     0.10  
                 
 Issue of shares out of conditional capital due to employee options exercised   312,833     3,128,334     0.10  
                 
 On 31 December 2012   383,525,023     3,835,250,233     0.10  
                 

 

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At year-end 2011, we owned UBS registered shares corresponding to 2.2% of the total share capital of UBS AG. At the same time, we had disposal positions relating to 467,465,923 voting rights of UBS AG, corresponding to 12.20%11.02% of the total voting rights of UBS AG. They8.20% of this consisted mainly of 9.12% of voting rights on shares deliverable in respect of employee awards. The calculation methodology for the disposal position is based on the Ordinance by FINMA on Stock Exchanges and Securities Trading,SESTO-FINMA, which takes into accountsets forth that all future potential share delivery obligations irrespective of the contingent nature of the delivery.delivery must be taken into account.

We have no participation certificates outstanding.

Transferability, voting rights and nominee registration

We do not apply any restrictions or limitations on the transferability of shares. Voting rights may be exercised without any restrictions by shareholders entered into the share register, if they expressly render a declaration of beneficial ownership according to the provisions of the Articles of Association.

We have special provisions for the registration of fiduciaries and nominees. Fiduciaries and nominees are entered in the share register with voting rights up to a total of 5% of all issued UBS shares, issued, if they agree to disclose upon our request, beneficial owners holding 0.3% or more of all issued UBS shares. An exception to the 5% voting limit rule exists for securities clearing organizations, such as The Depository Trust Company in New York.

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Refer to the “Shareholders’ participation rights” section of this report for more information

Capital instrumentsConvertible bonds and options

On 31 December 2011,2012, there were no contingent capital securities or convertible bonds outstanding requiring the issuance of new shares. We

had CHF 4.4 billion principal amount of deeply subordinated capital instruments outstanding, which count as hybrid tier 1 capital under Swiss regulatory rules, and CHF 7.1 billion principal amount of outstanding tier 2 capital securities (mainly subordinated bonds). As the regulatory requirements on the structure of capital instruments were evolving, we did not issue any capital instruments in 2011.

On 22 February 2012, UBS issued USD 2 billion Basel III compliant loss-absorbing tier 2 notes. The 7.25% 10-year security does not dilute the value of the equity held by the bank’s shareholders, and counts as progressive buffer capital under the Swiss regulations for its systemic banks.

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Refer to the “Capital management” section for more information on this loss-absorbing instrumentour outstanding capital instruments

Options

In connection with the loan granted by the Swiss National Bank (SNB) to the SNB StabFund, we have issued warrants granted to the SNB sourced by conditional capital for which 100,000,000 shares were approved by our shareholders. The warrants are exercisable only if the SNB incurs a loss on its loan to the fund.

On 31 December 2011,2012, there were 235,017,185191,230,290 employee options outstanding, including stock appreciation rights outstanding.rights. Delivery obligations equivalent to 10,544,60417,831,904 shares were exercisable. We source our option-based compensation plans either by purchasing UBS shares in the market, or through the issuance of new shares out of conditional capital. On 31 December 2011, 75,674,8052012, 74,085,342 treasury shares were available for this purpose, and an additional 148,639,326145,510,992 unissued shares in conditional share capital were assigned to future employee option exercises. At year-end 2011,2012, the shares available covered all exercisable employee obligations.

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Refer to the discussion of “UBS shares” in the “capital“Capital management” section of this report for more information on options

 

 

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Corporate governance

 

Shareholders’ participation rights

 

We are committed to shareholder participation in our decision-making process. More than 340,000Around 320,000 directly registered shareholders, as well as some 90,000 US shareholders registered via nominee companies, are regularly receive written informationinformed about our activities and performance and areas well as personally invited to shareholder meetings.

Since March 2013, our shareholder portal (www.ubs.com/shareholderportal) allows our registered shareholders to access personalized services and important information about share register entries and our shareholder meetings year-round. The shareholder portal enables registered shareholders to enter their voting instructions electronically ahead of our shareholder meetings. Shareholders can verify their voting instructions before and after shareholder meetings using an encryption method (cryptography). This method of encryption ensures that the voting instructions remain secret throughout the entire voting process. In addition, shareholders can order admission cards and register changes to their address details. It also enables them to manage their subscriptions to shareholder-related publications and to communicate directly with UBS Shareholder Services via a secure channel. The shareholder portal is fully integrated into our internet platform.

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Refer to the “Information policy” section of this report for more information

Relationships with shareholders

We fully subscribe to the principle of equal treatment of all shareholders, who range from large investment institutions to individual investors, and regularly inform them about the development of the company of which they are co-owners.company.

The Annual General Meeting of Shareholders (AGM) offers shareholders the opportunity to raise any questions regarding our development and the events of the year that isare under review. Members of both the Board of Directors (BoD) and Group Executive Board members,(GEB), as well as theour internal and external auditors, are present to answer these questions.

Voting rights, restrictions and representation

We place no restrictions on share ownership and voting rights. However, nominee companies and trustees, who normally represent a large number of individual shareholders and may hold an unlimited number of shares, have voting rights limited to a maximum of 5% of outstandingall issued UBS shares to avoid the risk of unknown shareholders with large stakes

being entered in the share register. Securities clearing organizations, such as The Depository Trust Company in New York, are not subject to thethis 5% voting limit.

In order to be recorded in the share register with voting rights, shareholders must confirm that they acquired UBS shares in their own name and for their own account. Nominee companies and trustees are required to sign an agreement confirming their willingness to disclose, upon our request, individual beneficial owners holding more than 0.3% of all issued UBS shares.

All shareholders registered with voting rights are entitled to participate in shareholder meetings. If they do not wish to attend in person, they can issue instructions to accept, reject or abstain on each individual item on the meeting agenda, either by giving instructions to an independent proxy designated by UBS as required under Swiss company law, or by appointing UBS, another bank or another registered shareholder of their choice to vote on their behalf. Alternatively, registered shareholders can issue their voting instructions to the independent proxy electronically using our shareholder portal. Nominee companies normally submit the proxy material to the beneficial owners and transmit the collected votes to UBS.the independent proxy.

Statutory quorums

Shareholder resolutions, including the election and reelection of BoD members and the appointment of the auditors are decided at the AGM by an absolute majority of the votes cast, excluding blank and invalid ballots. Swiss company law requires that, for certain specific issues, a majority of two-thirds of the votes represented at the AGM, and the absolute majority of the par value of shares represented at the AGM, must vote in favor of the resolution.resolution for it to be approved. These issues include among others, the creation of shares with privileged voting rights, the introduction of restrictions on the transferability of registered shares, conditional and authorized capital increases, and restrictions or exclusions of shareholders’ pre-emptive rights.

The Articles of Association also requiresrequire a two-thirds majority of votes represented for approval of any change to its provisions regarding the number of BoD members, and any decision to remove one-fourtha quarter or more of the BoD members.

Votes and elections are normally conducted electronically to ascertain the exact number of votes cast. Voting by a show of hands remains possible if a clear majority is predictable. Shareholders representing at least 3% of the votes represented may still request that a vote or election takes place electronically or by written ballot. In

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order to allow shareholders to clearly express their views on all individual topics, each item on the agenda is put to a vote separately and BoD elections are made on a person-by-person basis.

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Convocation of general meetings of shareholders

The AGM normally takes place each year in late April or early May, but in any casemust occur within six months of the close of the financial year and normally takes place in late April or early May. A personal invitation including a detailed agenda and explanation of each motion is sent to every registered shareholder at least 20 days ahead of the scheduled AGM. The meeting agenda is also published in the Swiss Official Gazette of Commerce and in selected Swiss newspapers as well as on the internet atwww.ubs.com/agm.

Extraordinary General Meetings may be convened whenever the BoD or the statutory auditors consider it necessary. Shareholders individually or jointly representing at least 10% of the share capital may at any time ask in writing thatfor an Extraordinary General Meeting to be convened to deal withaddress a specific issue put forward by them. Such a request may also be brought forward during the AGM.

Placing of items on the agenda

ShareholdersPursuant to our Articles of Association, shareholders individually or jointly representing shares with an aggregate par value of CHF 62,500 may submit proposals for matters to be placed on the agenda for consideration at the next shareholders’ meeting.

We publish the deadline for submitting such proposals in the Swiss Official Gazette of Commerce and on our websitewww.ubs.com/www. ubs.com/agm.Requests for items to be placed on the agenda must include the actual motions to be put forward, together with a short explanation, if necessary. The BoD formulates opinions on the proposals, which are published together with the motions.

Registrations in the share register

The general rules for being enteredentry with voting rights ininto our Swiss or US share registersregister also apply before general meetings of shareholders.shareholder meetings. The same rules apply for our US transfer agent that operates the US share register for all UBS shares in a custodian account in the US. There is no “closingclosing of the share register”register in the days before the shareholder meeting. Registrations, including the transfer of voting rights, are processed for as long as technically possible, normally until two days before the shareholder meeting.

 

 

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Corporate governance

 

Board of Directors

 

The Board of Directors (BoD), under the leadership of the Chairman, decides on the strategy of the Group upon recommendation of the Group Chief Executive Officer (Group CEO), exercises the ultimate supervision over senior management, and appoints all Group Executive Board (GEB) members. The BoD also approves all financial statements for issue. Shareholders elect each member of the BoD, which in turn appoints its Chairman, Vice Chairmen, Senior Independent Director, the members of the BoD Committees,committees, their respective Chairpersons and the Company Secretary.

Members of the Board of Directors

Sally Bott tendered her resignation taking effect on 11 February 2011. At the Annual General Meeting of Shareholders (AGM) held on 28 April 2011, Kaspar Villiger,3 May 2012, Michel Demaré, David Sidwell, Rainer-Marc Frey, Bruno Gehrig, Ann F. Godbehere, Axel P. Lehmann, Wolfgang Mayrhuber, Helmut Panke, and William G. Parrett and Joseph Yam were re-electedreelected as their terms of office expired. Joseph Yam wasKaspar Villiger and Bruno Gehrig did not stand for reelection. Isabelle Romy, Axel A. Weber and Beatrice Weder di Mauro were elected to histheir first term on the BoD. Following their election, Axel A. Weber replaced Kaspar Vil­liger as full-time Chairman of the BoD and the BoD appointed Michel Demaré as Vice Chairman and David Sidwell as Senior Independent Director. On 1 July 2011, the BoD nominated Axel A. Weber, former President of the Deutsche

Bundesbank, for election to the BoD at the 3 May 2012 AGM and planned, in expectation of his election, to appoint him as non-independent Vice Chairman. In November 2011, the Chairman of the BoD Kaspar Villiger decided to accelerate the leadership change at UBS by not standing for reelection to the BoD at the 2012 AGM. Axel A. Weber was then proposed to succeed Mr. Villiger as the Chairman should he be elected at the AGM 2012. On 3 February 2012, UBS announced that Bruno Gehrig will not stand for reelection. The BoD nominated Beatrice Weder di Mauro, professor of economics, economic policy and international macroeconomics at the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, and Isabelle Romy, partner at the Swiss law firm Niederer Kraft & Frey, for election to the BoD at the 2012 AGM.

All current external members have been confirmed by the BoD as having no material relationship with UBS, either directly or as a partner, controlling shareholder or executive officer of a company that has a relationship with UBS. Currently all BoD members are external, with the exception of the Chairman. On 31 December 2011, with the exception of the non-independent Chairman, Kaspar Villiger, all BoD members were considered independent by the BoD.

The following biographies provide information on the BoD members and the Company Secretary, valid as of 31 December 2011.Secretary.

 

 

  

 

 

LOGOLOGO

Kaspar VilligerAxel A. Weber

Swiss,German, born 5 February 1941
8 March 1957

UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

 

Functions in UBS

Chairman of the Board of Directors/member of the
Corporate Responsibility Committee /Chairperson
Directors / Chairperson of the Governance and Nominating Committee / member of the Corporate Responsibility Committee

 

Year of initial appointment: 20092012

 

  

 

 

Professional history and education

Kaspar VilligerAxel A. Weber was elected to the Board of Directors (BoD) at the 2009 Annual General Meeting (AGM)2012 AGM and was thereafter appointed Chairman of the BoD. He chairs the Governance and Nominating Committee and has beenbecame a member of the Corporate Responsibility Committee since 2009.in 2012. Mr. VilligerWeber was elected Federal Councillor in 1989,president of the German Bundesbank between 2004 and 2011, during which time he also served as the Minister of Defence and Heada member of the Federal Military Department until 1995. Subsequently,Governing Council of the European Central Bank, a member of the Board of Directors of the Bank for International Settlements, German governor of the International Monetary Fund, and as a member of the G7 and G20 Ministers and Governors. He was a member of the steering committees of the European Systemic Risk Board in 2011 and the Financial Stability Board from 2010 to 2011. On leave from the University of Cologne from 2004 to 2012, he was a visiting professor at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business from 2011 to 2012. From 2002 to 2004 Mr. Weber served as Finance Minister and Heada member of the Federal DepartmentGerman Council of Economic Experts. He was a professor of international economics and Director of the Center for Financial Research at the University of Cologne from 2001 to 2004, and a professor of monetary economics and Director of the Center for Financial Studies at the Goethe University in Frankfurt/Main from 1998 to 2001. Mr. Weber holds a PhD in economics from the University of Siegen, where he also received his habilitation. He graduated with a master’s degree in economics at the University of Constance and holds honorary doctorates from the universities of Duisburg- Essen and Constance.

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups: Mr. Weber is a member of the Group of Thirty, Washington, D.C., and a research fellow at the Center for Economic Policy Research in London and at the Center for Financial Research in Cologne. He is a member of the board of the International Institute of Finance, until he stepped downa senior research fellow at the end of 2003. In addition to Federal Councillor, he served as PresidentCenter for Financial Studies in Frankfurt/Main and a member of the Swiss Confederation in 1995Monetary Economics and 2002. In 2004, he was elected to the boards of Nestlé, Swiss Re and the Neue Zürcher Zeitung, all of which he resigned from in 2009 when he took on the position of Chairman at UBS. As co-ownerInternational Economics Councils of the Villiger Group, Mr. Villiger managedleading association of German-speaking economists, the Swiss parent firm, Villiger Söhne AG, from 1966 until 1989.Verein für Socialpolitik. In addition, he held several political positions, first in the parliamentis a member of the cantonAdvisory Board of Lucernethe German Market Economy Foundation and from 1982 until 1989,a member of the Advisory Council (Hochschulrat) of the Goethe University in the Swiss Parliament. Mr. Villiger graduated from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich with a degree in mechanical engineering in 1966.Frankfurt/Main.

 

  

 

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LOGOLOGO

Michel Demaré

Belgian, born 31 August 1956

ABB Ltd., Affolternstrasse

44, P.O. Box 5009,

CH-8050UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

 

Functions in UBS

Independent Vice Chairman /member/ member of the

Audit Committee/Committee / member of the Governance

and Nominating Committee

 

Year of initial appointment: 2009

 

  

 

 

Professional history and education

Michel Demaré was elected to the BoD at the 2009 AGM, and in April 2010, was appointed independent Vice Chairman. He has been a member of the Audit Committee since 2009 and the Governance and Nominating Committee since 2010. Mr. Demaré joined ABB in 2005 as Chief Financial Officer (CFO) and as a member of the Group Executive Committee. He stepped down from his function in ABB in January 2013. Between February and SeptemberAugust 2008 he acted as the interim CEO of ABB,ABB. From September 2008 to March 2011 he combined thehis role as CFO responsibility with the rolethat of President of Global Markets. Mr. Demaré joined ABB from Baxter International Inc., where he was CFO Europe from 2002 to 2005. Prior to this, role, he spent 18 years at the Dow Chemical Company, holding various treasury and risk management positions in Belgium, France, the US and Switzerland. Between 1997 and 2002 Mr. Demaré was the CFO of the Global Polyolefins and Elastomers division. He began his career as an officer in the multinational banking division of Continental Illinois National Bank of Chicago, and was based in Antwerp. Mr. Demaré graduated with an MBA from the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium, and holds a degree in applied economics from the Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium.

 

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups:Mr. Demaré is a member of the board of Syngenta, of the IMD Foundation Board in Lausanne.Lausanne and of SwissHoldings in Berne.

 

  
  

 

 

LOGOLOGO

David Sidwell

American (US) and British, born 28 March 1953

UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

 

Functions in UBS

Senior Independent Director/Director / Chairperson of

the Risk Committee /member/ member of the Governance

and Nominating Committee

 

Year of initial appointment: 2008

 

  

 

 

Professional history and education

David Sidwell was elected to the BoD at the 2008 AGM. In April 2010, he was appointed Senior Independent Director. He has chaired the Risk Committee since 2008 and has been a member of the Governance and Nominating Committee since 2011. Mr. Sidwell was Executive Vice President and CFO of Morgan Stanley between 2004 and 2007. Before joining Morgan Stanley he worked for JPMorgan Chase&Co., where, in his 20 years of service, he held a number of different positions, including controller and, from 2000 to 2004, CFO of the Investment Bank. Prior to this, he was with Price Waterhouse in both London and New York. Mr. Sidwell graduated from Cambridge University and isqualified as a chartered accountant qualifying with the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales.

 

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or Interestinterest groups:Mr. Sidwell is a Directordirector and Chairperson of the Risk Policy and Capital Committee of Fannie Mae, Washington, D.C., and is a Senior Advisorsenior advisor at Oliver Wyman, New York. He is a trustee of the International Accounting Standards Committee Foundation, London, the Chairman of the Board of Village Care, New York, and is a Directordirector of the National Council on Aging, Washington, D.C.

  
  

 

 

LOGOLOGO

Rainer-Marc Frey

Swiss, born 10 January 1963

Office of Rainer-Marc Frey, Seeweg 39,

CH-8807 Freienbach

 

Functions in UBS

Member of the Audit Committee/Human Resources and

Compensation Committee / member of the

Risk Committee

 

Year of initial appointment: 2008

 

  

 

 

Professional history and education

Rainer-Marc Frey was elected to the BoD at the October 2008 Extraordinary General Meeting and has been a member of the AuditHuman Resources and Compensation Committee since 20102012 and of the Risk Committee since 2008. Mr. Frey is the founder of the investment management company Horizon21 AG. He is the Chairman of Horizon21 AG as well as of its holding company and related entities and subsidiaries. In 1992, he founded and was appointed CEO of RMF Investment Group. RMF was acquired by Man Group plc in 2002. Between 2002 and 2004 he held a number of senior roles within Man Group. From 1989 to 1992 Mr. Frey served as a director at Salomon Brothers in Zurich, Frankfurt and London, where he was primarily involved with equity derivatives. Between 1987 and 1989 he worked for Merrill Lynch covering equity, fixed income and swaps markets. Mr. Frey holds a degree in economics from the University of St. Gallen.

 

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups:Mr. Frey is a member of the board of DKSH Group, Zurich, as well as of the Frey Charitable Foundation, Freienbach.

 

  

 

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Corporate governance

 

  

 

 

LOGO

Bruno Gehrig

Swiss, born 26 December 1946

Swiss International Air Lines AG,

Obstgartenstrasse 25,
CH-8302 Kloten

Functions in UBS

Member of the Governance and Nominating Committee /member of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee

Year of initial appointment: 2008

Professional history and education

Bruno Gehrig was elected to the BoD at the October 2008 Extraordinary General Meeting and has been a member of the Governance and Nominating Committee and the Human Resources and Compensation Committee since 2009. From 2003 to 2009, Mr. Gehrig was Chairman of Swiss Life Holding. Between 1996 and 2003, he worked at the Swiss National Bank, starting as a member of the Governing Board and becoming Vice Chairman in 2000. From 1992 to 1996, he was a professor of banking and finance at the University of St. Gallen and concurrently served as a member of the Swiss Federal Banking Commission. Between 1989 and 1991, he held the position of CEO at Bank Cantrade AG. Mr. Gehrig worked for Union Bank of Switzerland between 1981 and 1989, where he started as a chief economist before assuming responsibility for securities sales and trading. He studied economics at the University of Bern, where he completed his PhD studies, and then continued on to postgraduate studies at the University of Rochester, New York. Mr. Gehrig was an assistant professor at the University of Bern and received an honorary doctorate from the University of Rochester.

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups: Mr. Gehrig is the Chairman of the Board of Swiss International Air Lines and the Vice Chairman and Chairperson of the Remuneration Committee of Roche Holding Ltd., Basel.

LOGOLOGO

Ann F. Godbehere

Canadian and British, born 14 April 1955

UBS AG,

Bahnhofstrasse 45,
CH-8098 Zurich

 

Functions in UBS

Chairperson of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee/member of the Audit Committee/member of the Corporate Responsibility Committee

Year of initial appointment: 2009

Professional history and education

Ann F. Godbehere was elected to the BoD at the 2009 AGM. She has chaired the Human Resources and Compensation Committee since 2011 and has been a member of the Audit Committee and the Corporate Responsibility Committee since 2009. Ms. Godbehere was appointed CFO and Executive Director of Northern Rock in February 2008, serving in these roles during the initial phase of the business’s public ownership – she left at the end of January 2009. Prior to this role, she served as CFO of Swiss Re Group from 2003 to 2007. Ms. Godbehere was CFO of the Property & Casualty division in Zurich for two years, before this she served as CFO of the Life & Health division in London for three years. From 1997 to 1998, she was CEO of Swiss Re Life & Health in Canada. In 1996 and 1997, she was CFO of Swiss Re Life & Health North America. Ms. Godbehere is a certified general accountant, and in 2003, was made a fellow of the Certified General Accountants Association of Canada.

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups: Ms. Godbehere is a board member and Chairperson of the Audit Committees of Prudential plc, Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited in London. She is on the board of Atrium Underwriters Ltd. and Atrium Underwriting Group Ltd., London. She chairs both its Audit Committee and Conflicts Committee. She is also a member of the board and is Chairperson of the Audit Committee of Ariel Holdings Ltd., Bermuda. In addition, she is a board member of British American Tobacco plc.

LOGO

Axel P. Lehmann

Swiss, born 23 March 1959

Zurich Financial Services, Mythenquai 2,

CH-8002 Zurich

Functions in UBS

Member of the Governance and Nominating Committee/member of the Risk Committee

Year of initial appointment: 2009

Professional history and education

Axel P. Lehmann was elected to the BoD at the 2009 AGM and has been a member of the Governance and Nominating Committee since 2011 and the Risk Committee since 2009. He is a member of the Group Executive Committee of Zurich Financial Services (Zurich) and has been Group Chief Risk Officer since January 2008 and Regional Chairman Europe since October 2011. In July 2011, he was appointed as Chairman of the Board of Farmers Group, Inc., and was responsible for Group IT from 2008 until 2010. In September 2004, Mr. Lehmann was appointed CEO of Zurich American Insurance Company and the North America Commercial business division in Schaumburg, Illinois. He became a member of Zurich’s Group Executive Committee and CEO of its Continental Europe business division in 2002, and subsequently was in charge, in 2004, of integrating it with UK, Ireland and South Africa. In 2001, he took over the responsibility for Northern, Central and Eastern Europe and was appointed CEO of the Zurich Group Germany. In 2000, Mr. Lehmann became a member of the Group Management Board where he was responsible for Group-wide business development functions. Before he joined Zurich in 1996, he was Head of Corporate Planning and Controlling for Swiss Life in Zurich. Mr. Lehmann holds a PhD and a master’s degree in business administration and economics from the University of St. Gallen and he is a graduate of the Wharton Advanced Management Program and an honorary professor of business administration and service management at the University of St. Gallen.

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups: Mr. Lehmann is Chairman of the Board of the Institute of Insurance Economics at the University of St. Gallen. He is a member and past Chairman of the Chief Risk Officer Forum and is a member of the executive committee of the International Financial Risk Institute Foundation.

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and compensation

LOGO

Wolfgang Mayrhuber

Austrian, born 22 March 1947

Deutsche Lufthansa AG, Flughafen Frankfurt am Main 302,

D-60546 Frankfurt am Main

Functions in UBS

Chairperson of the Corporate Responsibility Committee / member of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee

Year of initial appointment: 2010

Professional history and education

Wolfgang Mayrhuber was elected to the BoD at the 2010 AGM. He has chaired the Corporate Responsibility Committee since 2011 and has been a member of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee since 2010. He was Chairman of the Executive Board and CEO of Deutsche Lufthansa AG from 2003 to 2010. In 2002, he was elected Deputy Chairman of the Executive Board, and in 2001, he was appointed to the Executive Board with responsibility for the passenger airline business. From 1994 to the end of 2000, he was Chairman of the Executive Board of the newly founded Lufthansa Technik AG. After holding a variety of management positions in the maintenance, repair and overhaul division, he was appointed Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer Technical in 1992. In 1970, he joined Lufthansa as an engineer at the engine overhaul facility in Hamburg. Mr. Mayrhuber studied mechanical engineering (dipl. Ing.) at the Technical College in Steyr, Austria, and at the Bloor Collegiate Institute in Canada. In 1990, he completed an Executive Management Training course at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups:Mr. Mayrhuber is Chairman of the Supervisory Board and Chairperson of the Mediation Committee, the Nomination Committee and the Executive Committee of Infineon Technologies AG, as well as a member of the supervisory boards of Munich Re Group, BMW Group, Lufthansa Technik AG and Austrian Airlines AG. Furthermore, he serves on the board of HEICO Corporation, Hollywood, FL, the executive board of Acatech (Deutsche Akademie der Technikwissenschaften) and is a trustee of the American Academy of Berlin.

LOGO

Helmut Panke

German, born 31 August 1946

BMW AG, Petuelring 130, D-80788 Munich

Functions in UBS

Member of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee / member of the Risk Committee

Year of initial appointment: 2004

Professional history and education

Helmut Panke was elected to the BoD at the 2004 AGM. He has been a member of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee and the Risk Committee since 2008. Between 2002 and 2006, Mr. Panke was Chairman of the Board of Management of BMW Group. In 1982, he joined BMW’s Research and Development division as Head of Planning and Controlling. He subsequently assumed management functions in corporate planning, organization and corporate strategy. Before his appointment as Chairman, he was a member of BMW’s Board of Management from 1996. Between 1993 and 1996, he was Chairman and CEO of BMW Holding Corporation in the US. Mr. Panke graduated from the University of Munich with a PhD in physics, and was on special research assignment at the University of Munich and the Swiss Institute for Nuclear Research before joining McKinsey & Company in Dusseldorf and Munich as a consultant.

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups: Mr. Panke is a member of the board of Microsoft Corporation (Chairperson of the Antitrust Compliance Committee) and Singapore Airlines Ltd. (Chairperson of the Board Safety & Risk Committee). He is a member of the supervisory board of Bayer AG.

LOGO

William G. Parrett

American (US), born 4 June 1945

UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

Function in UBS

Chairperson of the Audit Committee

Year of initial appointment: 2008

Professional history and education

William G. Parrett was elected to the BoD at the October 2008 Extraordinary General Meeting and has chaired the Audit Committee since 2009. Mr. Parrett served his entire career with Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu. He was CEO from 2003 until his retirement in 2007. Between 1999 and 2003, he was a Managing Partner of Deloitte & Touche USA LLP and served on Deloitte’s Global Executive Committee between 1999 and 2007. Mr. Parrett founded Deloitte’s US National Financial Services Industry Group in 1995 and its Global Financial Services Industry Group in 1997, both of which he led as Chairman. In his 40 years of experience in professional services, Mr. Parrett served public, private, governmental, and state-owned clients worldwide. Mr. Parrett has a bachelor’s degree in accounting from St. Francis College, New York, and is a certified public accountant.

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups:Mr. Parrett is an independent Director of the Eastman Kodak Company, the Blackstone Group LP, and Thermo Fisher Scientific inc., in all of Which he chairs the Audit Committee. He is also the Past Chairman of the Board of the United States Council for international Business and United Way Worldwide. He is a Carnegie Hall Board of Trustees member.

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Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

Corporate governance

LOGO

Joseph Yam

Chinese and Hong Kong citizen,
born 9 September 1948
UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

Functions in UBS

Member of the Corporate Responsibility
Committee/member of the Risk Committee

Year of initial appointment 2011

Professional history and education

Joseph Yam was elected to the BoD at the 2011 AGM. He has been a member of the Corporate Responsibility Committee and the Risk Committee since 2011. He is Executive Vice President of the China Society for Finance and Banking, and in that capacity, has served as an advisor to the People’s Bank of China since 2009. He was instrumental in the establishment of the Hong Kong Monetary Authority and served as its Chief Executive from 1993 until his retirement in 2009. He began his career in Hong Kong as a statistician in 1971 and served the public for over 38 years. During his service he occupied several positions such as Director of the Office of the Exchange Fund in 1991, Deputy Secretary for Monetary Affairs in 1985 and Principal Assistant Secretary for Monetary Affairs in 1982. Mr. Yam graduated from the University of Hong Kong in 1970 with first class honors in economics and statistics. He holds honorary doctorate degrees and professorships from a number of universities in Hong Kong and overseas. He is a Distinguished Research Fellow of the Institute of Global Economics and Finance at the Chinese University of Hong Kong.

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups:
Mr. Yam is Chairman of the Board of Macroprudential Consultancy Limited and sits on the International Advisory Councils of a number of government and academic institutions. He is a board member and chairs the Risk Committee of the China Construction Bank. He is on the board of Johnson Electric Holdings Limited.

Company Secretary

LOGO

Luzius Cameron

Australian and Swiss, born 11 September 1955
UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

Function in UBS

Company Secretary since 2005

Professional history and education

Luzius Cameron was appointed Company Secretary by the BoD in 2005. He is a Group Managing Director and was appointed to the former Group Managing Board in 2002. From 2002 to 2005, Mr. Cameron was the Director of Strategic Planning and New Business Development, Wealth Management USA. Prior to this role, he was Head of Group Strategic Analysis, and before that, Head of Corporate Business Analysis. Mr. Cameron joined Swiss Bank Corporation in 1989, where he started in Corporate Controlling before assuming a number of senior roles in the Investment Bank Warburg Dillon Read, such as Chief of Staff to the Chief Operating Officer in London and Business Manager of the Global Rates Business in Zurich. From 1984 to 1989, he was a lecturer in astrophysics at the University of Basel. Between 1980 and 1989, he was a research analyst at the Institute of Astronomy at the University of Basel and European Southern Observatory. Mr. Cameron holds a PhD in astrophysics from the University of Basel.

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups:
Mr. Cameron is the Chairman of the Zurich Symphony Orchestra.

Elections and terms of office

In accordance with article 19 para. 1 of the Articles of Association, all BoD members are to be elected on an individual basis for a one-year term of office. As a result, shareholders must confirm the entire membership of the BoD on a yearly basis at the next AGM, which will take place on 3 May 2012.

BoD members are normally expected to serve for a minimum of three years. No BoD member should continue to serve beyond the AGM held in the calendar year following his or her 65th birthday. The BoD granted the extension of age limit to Kaspar Villiger and William G. Parrett.

Organizational principles and structure

The Organization Regulations were revised and are valid as of 1 January 2012. Changes included a closer alignment of the language of our provisions on the regulation and supervision of the internal control to the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) Circular 08/24 on supervision and internal control at banks and introducing the appointment of a deputy CEO from within the GEB.

Following each AGM, the BoD meets to appoint its Chairman, Vice Chairman, Senior Independent Director, BoD Committee members and their respective Chairpersons. At the same meeting, the BoD appoints a Company Secretary, who acts as secretary to the BoD and its Committees.

According to the Articles of Association, the BoD meets as often as business requires, but must meet at least six times a year. A total of 23 meetings were held in 2011, of which nine included GEB members and 14 were without GEB participation. On average, 96% of BoD members were present at BoD meetings without GEB participation, and 97% at meetings with GEB participation. The duration of each meeting was three hours on average. In addition, the BoD met for a one-day BoD seminar.

At every BoD meeting, each Committee Chairperson provides the full BoD with regular updates on current activities of his or her Committee as well as important Committee issues.

At least once per year, the BoD reviews its own performance as well as the performance of each of its Committees. This review is based on an assessment of the BoD under the auspices of the Governance and Nominating Committee, as well as a self-assessment of the BoD Committees, and seeks to determine whether

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Corporate governance, responsibility

and compensation

the BoD and its Committees are functioning effectively and efficiently.

The Committees listed below assist the BoD in the performance of its responsibilities. These Committees and their charters are described in the Organization Regulations, published onwww.ubs.com/governance.

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee (AC) comprises at least three BoD members, with all members having been determined by the BoD to be fully independent

Year of initial appointment: 2009

Professional history and financially literate. On 31 December 2011, William G. Parrett chaired the AC with Michel Demaré, Rainer-Marc Frey and education

Ann F. Godbehere as additional members. All members have accounting and financial management expertise and are considered to be “financial experts” according to the rules established under the US Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

The AC itself does not perform audits, but monitors the work of the external auditors, Ernst & Young Ltd., Basel (Ernst & Young), who in turn are responsible for auditing UBS’s and the Group’s financial statements and for reviewing the quarterly financial statements. The function of the AC is to serve as an independent and objective body with oversight of the following: (i) the Group’s accounting policies, financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures; (ii) the quality, adequacy and scope of external audit; (iii) UBS’s compliance with financial reporting requirements; (iv) management’s approach to internal controls with respect to the production and integrity of the financial statements and disclosure of the financial performance; and (v) the performance of Group Internal Audit in conjunction with the Chairman and the Risk Committee (RC). For these purposes, the AC has the authority to meet with regulators and external bodies in consultation with the Group CEO.

The AC reviews the annual and quarterly financial statements of UBS and the Group, as proposed by management, with the external auditors and Group Internal Audit in order to recommend their approval (including any adjustments the AC considers appropriate) to the BoD.

    Periodically, and at least annually, the AC assesses the qualifications, expertise, effectiveness, independence and performance of the external auditors and their lead audit partner, in order to support the BoD in reaching a decision in relation to the appointment or dismissal of the external auditors and the rotation of the lead audit partner. The BoD then submits these proposals to the AGM. During 2011, the AC held a total of seven meetings and eleven telephone conferences. The meetings had an average duration of four hours and the telephone conferences lasted approximately one hour. Participation was 100%. Also present at the meetings were the Group Chief Financial Officer (Group CFO), the Head of Group Internal Audit, the Head of Group Tax & Accounting Policy, the Head of Group Controlling & Accounting and Ernst &Young. The conference calls were conducted in the presence of the AC members, the Group CFO and selected management members. Joint AC/RC sessions were held at least every quarter. In addition, the AC held one session with FINMA.

The AC reports backelected to the BoD aboutat the 2009 AGM. She has chaired the Human Resources and Compensation Committee since 2011 and has been a member of the Audit Committee since 2009. Ms. Godbehere was appointed CFO and Executive Director of Northern Rock in February 2008, serving in these roles during the initial phase of the business’s public ownership until the end of January 2009. Prior to this role, she served as CFO of Swiss Re Group from 2003 to 2007. Ms. Godbehere was CFO of its discussions with our external auditors. Once per year,Property & Casualty division in Zurich for two years. Before this she served as CFO of the lead representativesLife & Health division in London for three years. From 1997 to 1998 she was CEO of our externalSwiss Re Life & Health in Canada. Between 1996 and 1997 she was CFO of Swiss Re Life & Health North America. Ms. Godbehere is a certified general accountant and in 2003 was made a fellow of the Certified General Accountants Association of Canada.

auditors present their long-form report

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups: Ms. Godbehere is a board member and Chairperson of the audit committees of Prudential plc, Rio Tinto plc and Rio Tinto Limited in London. She is on the board of Atrium Underwriters Ltd. and Atrium Underwriting Group Ltd., London, and chairs the audit committee. She is also a member of the boards of Arden Holdings Ltd., Bermuda, and of British American Tobacco plc.

LOGO

Axel P. Lehmann

Swiss, born 23 March 1959

Zurich Insurance Group, Mythenquai 2,

CH-8002 Zurich

Functions in UBS

Member of the Governance and Nominating

Committee / member of the Risk Committee

Year of initial appointment: 2009

Professional history and education

Axel P. Lehmann was elected to the BoD as required by FINMA.

The NYSEat the 2009 AGM and has more stringent independence requirements for audit committee members. Eachbeen a member of the four members of our AC is an external BoD member who, in addition to satisfying our independence criteria, does not receive, directly or indirectly, any consulting, advisory or other compensatory fees from UBS other than in its capacity as director; does not hold, directly or indirectly, UBS shares in excess of 5% of the outstanding capital; and (except as noted below) does not serve on audit committees of more than two other public companies. The NYSE guidelines allow for an exemption for AC members to sit on more than three audit committees of public companies, provided that all BoD members determine that the candidate has the time and the availability to fulfill his or her obligations. Considering the credentials of William G. Parrett, and the fact that he has retired from his executive functions, the BoD has granted this exemption in his case.

Corporate Responsibility Committee

The Corporate Responsibility Committee (CRC) supports the BoD in fulfilling its duty to safeguard and advance the Group’s reputation for responsible corporate conduct. It reviews and assesses stakeholder concerns and expectations for responsible corporate conduct and their possible consequences for UBS, and recommends appropriate actions to the BoD. The CRC comprises at least three independent BoD members and, on 31 December 2011, was chaired by Wolfgang Mayrhuber with Kaspar Villiger, Ann F. Godbehere and Joseph Yam as additional members. The CRC is advised and supported by a number of senior business representatives. It met twice for approximately two hours on average in 2011, and 100% of CRC members were present.

è

Refer to the “Corporate responsibility” section of this report for more information

Governance and Nominating Committee

The Governance and Nominating Committee (GNC) supportssince 2011 and of the BoD in fulfilling its duty to establish best practices in corporate governance acrossRisk Committee since 2009. He is a member of the Group to conduct a BoD annual self-assessment, to establishExecutive Committee of Zurich Insurance Group (Zurich) and maintain a process for appointing new BoD members,has been Group Chief Risk Officer since January 2008 and to manage the successionRegional Chairman Europe since October 2011. In July 2011, he was appointed Chairman of the ChairmanBoard of Farmers Group, Inc., and was responsible for Group IT from 2008 to 2010. In September 2004, Mr. Lehmann was appointed CEO of Zurich American Insurance Company and the North America Commercial business division in Schaumburg, Illinois. He became a member of Zurich’s Group CEO. The GNC comprises four independent BoD membersExecutive Committee and on 31 December 2011, Kaspar Villiger chairedCEO of its Continental Europe business division in 2002, and was in 2004 responsible for integrating it with UK, Ireland and South Africa. In 2001, he took over responsibility for Northern, Central and Eastern Europe and was appointed CEO of Zurich Group Germany. In 2000, Mr. Lehmann became a member of the GNC,Group Management Board with Michel Demaré, Bruno Gehrig, Axel P.responsibility for group-wide business development functions. Mr. Lehmann and David Sidwell as additional members. In 2011, nine meetings and three telephone conferences were held with an average participation of 94% of membersholds a PhD and a duration averaging one hourmaster’s degree in business administration and economics from the University of St. Gallen. He is also a graduate of the Wharton Advanced Management Program and an honorary professor of business administration and service management at the University of St. Gallen.

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups: Mr. Lehmann is Chairman of the Board of the Institute of Insurance Economics at the University of St. Gallen, and is a member of the Chief Risk Officer Forum and a half. Two meetings were held with external advisors.board member of Economiesuisse.

LOGO

Wolfgang Mayrhuber

Austrian, born 22 March 1947

Deutsche Lufthansa AG, Aviation Center,

D-60546 Frankfurt am Main

Functions in UBS

Chairperson of the Corporate Responsibility

Committee / member of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee

The

Year of initial appointment: 2010

Professional history and education

Wolfgang Mayrhuber was elected to the BoD at the 2010 AGM. He has chaired the Corporate Responsibility Committee since 2011 and has been a member of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee (HRCC) is responsiblesince 2010. He was Chairman of the Executive Board and CEO of Deutsche Lufthansa AG from 2003 to 2010. In 2002, he was elected Deputy Chairman of the Executive Board and, in 2001, he was appointed to the Executive Board with responsibility for the following functions: (i) supportingpassenger airline business. From 1994 to the BoDend of 2000 he was Chairman of the Executive Board of the newly founded Lufthansa Technik AG. After holding a variety of management positions in its duties to set guidelinesthe maintenance, repair and overhaul division, he was appointed Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer Technical in 1992. In 1970, he joined Lufthansa as an engineer at the engine overhaul facility in Hamburg. Mr. Mayrhuber studied mechanical engineering (dipl. Ing.) at the Technical College in Steyr, Austria, and at the Bloor Collegiate Institute in Canada. In 1990, he completed an executive management training course at the MIT.

Other activities and functions

Mandates on compensationboards of important corporations, organizations and benefits; (ii) ap-foundations or interest groups: Mr. Mayrhuber is Chairman of the Supervisory Board and Chairperson of the Mediation Committee, the Nomination Committee and the Executive Committee of Infineon Technologies AG, as well as a member of the supervisory boards of Munich Re Group, BMW Group, Lufthansa Technik AG and Austrian Airlines AG. Furthermore, he serves on the board of HEICO Corporation, Hollywood, FL, and the executive board of Acatech (Deutsche Akademie der Technikwissenschaften).

 

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Corporate governance

 

proving

LOGO

Helmut Panke

German, born 31 August 1946

BMW AG, Petuelring 130, D-80788 Munich

Functions in UBS

Member of the total compensation forHuman Resources and Compensation

Committee / member of the ChairmanRisk Committee

Year of initial appointment: 2004

Professional history and the non-independent BoD members; (iii) proposing, together with the Chairman, total individual compensation for the independent BoD members and Group CEO for approval by the BoD; and (iv) proposingeducation

Helmut Panke was elected to the BoD for approval, upon recommendationat the 2004 AGM. He has been a member of the Group CEO,Human Resources and Compensation Committee and the total individual compensation for GEB members. The HRCC also reviews the compensation disclosure included in this report.

The HRCC comprises four independent BoD members and, on 31 December 2011, Ann F. Godbehere chaired the HRCC with Bruno Gehrig, Wolfgang Mayrhuber and Helmut Panke as additional members. In 2011, eight meetings and five telephone conferences were held with an average duration of 100 minutes and participation of 96%. Of those meetings and calls, nine were held with external advisors, 10 with the Chairman and 11 with the Group CEO.

è

Refer to the “Compensation governance” section of this report for more information on the Human Resources and Compensation Committee’s decision-making procedures

Risk Committee

The Risk Committee (RC) is responsible for overseeingsince 2008. Between 2002 and supporting the BoD in fulfilling its duty to supervise and set appropriate risk management and control principles in the following areas: (i) risk management and control, including credit, market, country and operational risks; (ii) treasury and capital management, including funding, liquidity and equity attribution; and (iii) balance sheet management, including in each case any consequent reputational risk. For these purposes, the RC receives all relevant information from the GEB and has the authority to meet with regulators and external bodies in consultation with the Group CEO. On 31 December 2011, the RC comprised five independent BoD members. David Sidwell chaired the RC with Rainer-Marc Frey, with Axel P. Lehmann, Helmut2006 Mr. Panke and Joseph Yam as additional members. During 2011, the RC held a total of eight meetings and five calls, with an average participation rate of 95% of members. The average meeting duration was five and a half hours and the calls lasted approximately one hour and a half.

The Audit Committee Chairperson regularly attends part or all of the RC’s meetings. In 2011, the Chairman, the Group CEO, the Group CFO, the Group Chief Risk Officer, the Group General Counsel, the CEO of the Investment Bank, the Head of Group Internal Audit and Ernst & Young were also regularly present. In addition, the RC and HRCC meet jointly to discuss topics on which they have shared responsibility. Annually, one session is held with the Governing Board of the SNB and one with FINMA. One meeting was held with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

Special Committee conducting an independent internal investigation

In light of the unauthorized trading incident identified on 14 September 2011, the BoD created a Special Committee on 16 September 2011

comprised of three independent Risk Committee and Audit Committee members. The role of the Special Committee is, with assistance from Group Internal Audit, to conduct an independent internal investigation of the event, its causes, disciplinary consequences and the proposed remedial actions, and to report on this to the BoD. A second investigation is being carried out jointly by FINMA and the UK FSA; they have retained KPMG for this purpose. The Special Committee, on behalf of the BoD, serves as the FINMA and UK FSA regulatory contact regarding the incident, and received regular updates from KPMG on its investigation at the request of the abovementioned regulatory bodies.

On 31 December 2011, David Sidwell chaired the Special Committee with Ann F. Godbehere and Joseph Yam as additional members. Since its creation, the Special Committee has held 10 conference calls and four meetings, and the Special Committee Chairperson independently met with the UK FSA on one occasion. During these calls and meetings, 100% of the Special Committee members were present and the meetings lasted for one hour on average. In addition, the Special Committee also met with FINMA on one occasion.

Roles and responsibilities of the Chairman of the Board of DirectorsManagement of BMW Group after becoming a member of BMW’s Board of Management in 1996. Between 1993 and 1996 he was Chairman and CEO of BMW Holding Corporation in the US. Subsequent to joining BMW as Head of Planning and Controlling, Research and Development in 1982, he assumed management functions in corporate planning, organization and corporate strategy. Prior to this, he worked as a consultant at McKinsey & Company in both Düsseldorf and Munich. Mr. Panke graduated from the University of Munich with a PhD in physics, and undertook research work at both the University of Munich and the Swiss Institute for Nuclear Research.

Other activities and functions

Kaspar Villiger,Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups:
Mr. Panke is a member of the boards of Microsoft Corporation (Chairperson of the Regulatory and Public Policy Committee) and Singapore Airlines Ltd. (Chairperson of the Safety & Risk Committee). He is a member of the supervisory board of Bayer AG.

LOGO

William G. Parrett

American (US), born 4 June 1945

UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

Functions in UBS

Chairperson of the Audit Committee / member of

the Corporate Responsibility Committee

Year of initial appointment: 2008

Professional history and education

William G. Parrett was elected to the BoD at the October 2008 Extraordinary General Meeting. He has chaired the Audit Committee since 2009 and has been a member of the Corporate Responsibility Committee since 2012. Mr. Parrett served his entire career with Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu. He was CEO from 2003 until his retirement in 2007. Between 1999 and 2003 he was a Managing Partner of Deloitte & Touche USA LLP and served on Deloitte’s Global Executive Committee between 1999 and 2007. Mr. Parrett founded Deloitte’s US National Financial Services Industry Group in 1995 and its Global Financial Services Industry Group in 1997, both of which he led as Chairman. In his 40 years of experience in professional services, Mr. Parrett served public, private, governmental, and state-owned clients worldwide. Mr. Parrett has a bachelor’s degree in accounting from St. Francis College, New York, and is a certified public accountant.

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups:
Mr. Parrett is on the boards of the Eastman Kodak Company, the Blackstone Group LP, and Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., and chairs each company’s audit committee. He is also Past Chairman of the Board (the Chairman), has entered intoof the United States Council for International Business and United Way Worldwide, and a full-time employment contract withCarnegie Hall Board of Trustees member.

LOGO

Isabelle Romy

Swiss, born 4 January 1965

Froriep Renggli, Bellerivestrasse 201, CH-8034 Zurich

Functions in UBS in connection with his service on

Member of the BoD.Audit Committee / member of the

The Chairman coordinates the tasks withinGovernance and Nominating Committee

Year of initial appointment: 2012

Professional history and education

Isabelle Romy was elected to the BoD calls BoD meetings and sets their agendas. Under the leadership of the Chairman, the BoD decides on the strategy of the Group upon the recommendation of the Group CEO, exercises the ultimate supervision over management and appoints all GEB members.

The Chairman presides over all Annual and Extraordinary General Meetings, and works with the Committee Chairpersons to coordinate the work of all Committees. Together with the Group CEO, the Chairman is responsible for ensuring effective communication with shareholders and other stakeholders, including government officials, regulators and public organizations. This is in addition to establishing and maintaining a close working relationship with the Group CEO and the other GEB members, providing advice and support while respecting the fact that day-to-day management responsibility is delegated to the GEB.

Roles and responsibilities of the Vice Chairmen and the Senior Independent Director

The BoD appoints one or more Vice Chairmen and a Senior Independent Director. If the BoD appoints more than one Vice Chairman, one of them must be independent. A Vice Chairman is required to lead the BoD in the absence of the Chairman and to provide support and advice to the Chairman. At least twice a year, the Senior Independent Director organizes and leads a meeting of the independent BoD members in the absence of the Chairman. In 2011, two independent BoD meetings were held for a duration

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of three and a half hours each. The Senior Independent Director relays any issues or concerns of independent BoD members to the Chairman and acts as a contact point for shareholders and stakeholders wishing to engage in discussions with an independent BoD member.

Important business connections of independent members of the Board of Directors with UBS

As a global financial services provider and a major bank in Switzerland, we have business relationships with many large companies, including those in which our BoD members assume management or independent board responsibilities. The GNC has determined that the nature of the relationships between UBS and companies whose chair, chief executive or other officer is a member of our BoD does not compromise the BoD members’ capacity for independent judgment. Furthermore, no independent BoD member has personal business relationships with UBS that could compromise his or her independence.

All relationships and transactions with UBS BoD members and their affiliated companies are conducted in the ordinary course of business, and are on the same terms as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with non-affiliated persons.

Checks and balances; Board of Directors and Group Executive Board

We operate under a strict dual board structure, as mandated by Swiss banking law. The separation of responsibilities between the BoD and the GEB is clearly defined in the Organization Regulations. The BoD decides on the strategy of the Group upon the recommendation of the Group CEO, and supervises and monitors the business, whereas the GEB, headed by the Group CEO,2012 AGM. She has executive management responsibility. The functions of Chairman of the BoD and Group CEO are assigned to two different people, thus ensuring a separation of power. This structure establishes checks and balances and preserves the institutional independence of the BoD from the day-to-day management of the firm, for which responsibility is delegated to the GEB under the leadership of the Group CEO. No member of one board may bebeen a member of the other.

SupervisionAudit Committee and controlthe Governance and Nominating Committee since 2012. Ms. Romy is a partner at Froriep Renggli, a large Swiss business law firm. From 1995 to 2012 she worked for another major Swiss law firm based in Zurich, where she was a partner from 2003 to 2012. Her legal practice includes litigation and arbitration in cross-border cases. Ms. Romy has been an associate professor at the University of Fribourg and at the Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL) since 1996. Between 2003 and 2008 she served as a deputy judge at the Swiss Federal Supreme Court. From 1999 to 2006 she was a member of the GEB remains withEthics Commission at the BoD. The authoritiesEPFL. Ms. Romy completed her PhD (Dr. iur.) at the University of Lausanne in 1990 and responsibilitieshas been a qualified attorney-at-law admitted to the bar since 1991. From 1992 to 1994 she was a visiting scholar at Boalt Hall School of Law, University of California, Berkeley, and completed her professorial thesis at the University of Fribourg in 1996.

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups:
Ms. Romy has been a member of the two bodies are governed by the Articlessanction commission of AssociationSIX Swiss Exchange since 2002, serving as Vice Chairman since 2008.

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LOGO

Beatrice Weder di Mauro

Italian and the Organization Regulations, including the latter document’s “Annex B–Responsibilities and authorities”.Swiss, born 3 August 1965

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Refer towww.ubs.com/governancefor more details on checks and balances for the BoD and GEB

Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz,

Jakob Welder-Weg 4, D-55099 Mainz

Information and control instruments vis-à-vis the Group Executive BoardFunctions in UBS

The BoD is kept informedMember of the activitiesAudit Committee/member of the GEB in various ways. The minutesCorporate Responsibility Committee

Year of the GEB meetings are made availableinitial appointment: 2012

Professional history and education

Beatrice Weder di Mauro was elected to the BoD members. At BoD meetings,at the Group CEO2012 AGM. She has been a member of the Audit Committee and GEB members regularly updateCorporate Responsibility Committee since 2012. She has been a professor of economics, economic policy and international macroeconomics at the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz since 2001. Ms. Weder di Mauro was a member of the German Council of Economic Experts from 2004 to 2012. In 2010, she was a resident scholar at the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in Washington, D.C., and in 2006 a visiting scholar at the National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA. Since 2003 Ms. Weder di Mauro has been a research fellow of the Center for Economic Policy Research in London. She was an associate professor of economics at the University of Basel between 1998 and 2001 and a research fellow at the United Nations University in Tokyo from 1997 to 1998. Prior to this she worked as an economist for the World Bank and the IMF in Washington, D.C. Ms. Weder di Mauro completed her PhD in economics at the University of Basel in 1993 and received her habilitation there in 1999.

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups:
Ms. Weder di Mauro is on the board of Roche Holding Ltd., Basel, and on the supervisory boards of ThyssenKrupp AG, Essen, and the Deutsche Investitions- und Entwicklungsgesellschaft, Cologne.

LOGO

Joseph Yam

Chinese and Hong Kong citizen,

born 9 September 1948

UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

Functions in UBS

Member of the Corporate Responsibility Committee / member of the Risk Committee

Year of initial appointment: 2011

Professional history and education

Joseph Yam was elected to the BoD on important issues.

At BoD meetings, BoD members may request from BoD or GEB members any information about matters concerning UBS that they require to fulfill their duties. Outside meetings, BoD members may request information from other BoD and GEB members, in which case such requests must be approved byat the Chairman.

Group Internal Audit independently, objectively and systematically assesses2011 AGM. He has been a member of the adherence to our strategy, effectiveness of governance, risk management and control processes at Group, divisional and regional levels, and monitors compliance with legal, regulatory and statutory requirements, as well as with internal policies and contracts. This internal audit organization, which is independent from management, reports significant findings to the ChairmanCorporate Responsibility Committee and the Risk Committee. The Audit Committee must be informedsince 2011. He is Executive Vice President of the results of internal audits.

In February 2011, our internal compliance function providedChina Society for Finance and Banking and in that capacity has served as an annual compliance reportadvisor to the BoD. This report is required by sections 109 and 112People’s Bank of China since 2009. Mr. Yam was instrumental in the establishment of the FINMA Circular 08/24Hong Kong Monetary Authority and served as Chief Executive from 1993 until his retirement in 2009. He began his career in Hong Kong as a statistician in 1971 and served the public for over 38 years. During his service, he occupied several positions such as Director of the Office of the Exchange Fund from 1991, Deputy Secretary for Monetary Affairs from 1985 and Principal Assistant Secretary for Monetary Affairs from 1982. Mr. Yam graduated from the University of Hong Kong in 1970 with first class honors in social sciences. He holds honorary doctorate degrees and professorships from a number of universities in Hong Kong and overseas. Mr. Yam is a Distinguished Research Fellow of the Institute of Global Economics and Finance at the Chinese University of Hong Kong.

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups:
Mr. Yam sits on the supervisioninternational advisory councils of a number of government and internal controls at banks.

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Refer to the “Risk management and control” section of this report for more informationacademic institutions. He is a board member and chairs the Risk Committee of the China Construction Bank. He is on the boards of Johnson Electric Holdings Limited and UnionPay International Co., Ltd.

 

Company Secretary

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Group Executive BoardLOGO

Luzius Cameron

Australian and Swiss, born 11 September 1955

UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

 

Function in UBS operates under a strict dual board structure, as required by Swiss banking law. The management of the business is delegated

Company Secretary since 2005

Professional history and education

Luzius Cameron was appointed Company Secretary by the BoD for the first time in 2005. He is a Group Managing Director and was appointed to the former Group ExecutiveManaging Board (GEB).

Membersin 2002. From 2002 to 2005 Mr. Cameron was the Director of the Group Executive BoardStrategic Planning and changes in 2011

On 3 December 2010, the BoD appointed Sergio P. Ermotti as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of UBS Group Europe, Middle East and Africa and GEB member as of 1 April 2011, and Tom Naratil as Group Chief Financial Officer (Group CFO) and a GEB member as of 1 June 2011. John Cryan stepped down from the Group CFO position and from the GEB on 1 June 2011. On 24 September 2011, Sergio P. Ermotti was named Group Chief Executive Officer (Group CEO) on an interim basis

following the resignation of Oswald J. Grübel. On 15 November 2011, the BoD appointed Mr. Ermotti as permanent Group CEO.

On 1 December 2011, UBS announced the following several senior executive changes: Philip J. Lofts, CEO UBS Group Americas, resumed his former role as Group Chief Risk Officer as Maureen Miskovic stepped down; Robert J. McCann assumed the role of CEO UBS Group Americas in addition to his current role as CEONew Business Development, Wealth Management Americas;USA. Prior to this role, he was Head of Group Strategic Analysis, and Ulrich Körner took overbefore that, Head of Corporate Business Analysis. Mr. Cameron joined Swiss Bank Corporation in 1989, where he started out in Corporate Controlling before assuming a number of senior roles at Warburg Dillon Read, including Chief of Staff to the role of CEO UBS Group Europe, Middle East and Africa in addition to his current role as Group Chief Operating Officer in London and CEO Business Manager of the Global Rates Business in Zurich. From 1984 to 1989 he was a lecturer in astrophysics at the University of Basel. Between 1980 and 1989 he was a research analyst at the Institute of Astronomy at the University of Basel and European Southern Observatory. Mr. Cameron holds a PhD in astrophysics from the University of Basel.

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The following biographies provideand compensation

Elections and terms of office

In accordance with article 19 para. 1 of the Articles of Association, all BoD members are to be elected on an individual basis for a one-year term of office. As a result, shareholders must confirm the entire membership of the BoD on a yearly basis at the next AGM, which will take place on 2 May 2013.

BoD members are normally expected to serve for a minimum of three years. No BoD member can serve for more than 10 consecutive terms of office or continue to serve beyond the AGM held in the calendar year following his 70th birthday; in exceptional circumstances the BoD can extend both these limits.

Organizational principles and structure

The Organization Regulations were revised during 2012 and are valid as of 1 January 2013. The main changes made included reflecting “Wealth Management” and “Retail & Corporate” as separate business divisions, the joint responsibility assigned to the Audit Committee and the Risk Committee with regard to Group Internal Audit, the transfer of the succession planning for all GEB members from the Human Resources and Compensation Committee to the Governance and Nominating Committee and the introduction of a new section regarding “Global Recovery and Resolution Planning”.

Following each AGM, the BoD meets to appoint its Chairman, Vice Chairmen, Senior Independent Director, BoD committee members and their respective Chairpersons. At the same meeting, the BoD appoints a Company Secretary, who acts as secretary to the BoD and its committees.

According to the Articles of Association, the BoD meets as often as business requires, but must meet at least six times a year. In 2012, a total of 27 meetings were held, eight times with the presence of GEB members and 19 times for meetings and calls without GEB participation. On average, 90% of BoD members were present at BoD meetings without GEB participation, and 91% at meetings with GEB participation. The average duration of these meetings and calls was two and a half hours. In addition, the BoD met for a one-day seminar.

At every BoD meeting, each committee chairperson provides the BoD with updates on current activities of his or her committee as well as important committee issues.

At least once per year, the BoD reviews its own performance as well as the performance of each of its committees. This review is based on an assessment of the BoD under the auspices of the Governance and Nominating Committee, as well as a self-assessment of the BoD committees, and seeks to determine whether the BoD and its committees are functioning effectively and efficiently. The last self-assessment was completed in spring 2012 and the BoD found that it is operating effectively. In spring 2013, the assessment will be conducted by an external company.

The committees listed below assist the BoD in the performance of its responsibilities. These committees and their charters are described in the Organization Regulations, published onwww.ubs.com/governance.

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee comprises five BoD members, with all members having been determined by the BoD to be fully independent and financially literate. On 31 December 2012, William G. Parrett chaired the Audit Committee with Michel Demaré, Ann F. Godbehere, Isabelle Romy and Beatrice Weder di Mauro as additional members. All members have accounting or related financial management expertise and the majority qualify as “financial expert” in terms of the rules established pursuant to the US Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

The Audit Committee itself does not perform audits, but monitors the work of the external auditors, Ernst & Young Ltd., Basel (Ernst & Young), who in turn are responsible for auditing UBS’s and the Group’s annual financial statements and for reviewing the quarterly financial statements.

The function of the Audit Committee is to serve as an independent and objective body with oversight of: (i) the UBS Group’s accounting policies, financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures; (ii) the quality, adequacy and scope of external audit; (iii) UBS’s compliance with financial reporting requirements; (iv) the senior management’s approach to internal controls with respect to the production and integrity of the financial statements and disclosure of the financial performance; and (v) the performance of Group Internal Audit in conjunction with the Chairman and the Risk Committee. For these purposes, the Audit Committee has the authority to meet with regulators and external bodies in consultation with the Group CEO. Senior management is responsible for the preparation, presentation and integrity of the financial statements.

The Audit Committee reviews the annual and quarterly financial statements of UBS and the Group, as proposed by management, with the external auditors and Group Internal Audit in order to recommend their approval (including any adjustments the Audit Committee considers appropriate) to the BoD.

Periodically, and at least annually, the Audit Committee assesses the qualifications, expertise, effectiveness, independence and performance of the external auditors and their lead audit partner, in order to support the BoD in reaching a decision in relation to the appointment or dismissal of the external auditors and the rotation of the lead audit partner. The BoD then submits these proposals for approval at the AGM.

During 2012, the Audit Committee held a total of 10 meetings and 15 telephone conferences. The meetings had an average duration of three hours and the telephone conferences lasted approximately one hour. Participation was 93%. Also present at the meetings were the Group Chief Financial Officer (Group CFO), the Head Group Internal Audit, the Group Finance Chief Operating Officer, the Head of Group Controlling & Accounting and Ernst & Young. The conference calls were conducted in the presence of the Audit Committee members, the Group CFO and selected management members. Joint Audit Committee/Risk Committee sessions were held at least every quarter. In addition, the Audit Committee held one session with FINMA.

The Audit Committee reports back to the BoD about its discus-

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sions with our external auditors. Once per year, the lead representatives of our external auditors present their long-form report to the BoD, as required by FINMA.

The NYSE listing standards on corporate governance set more stringent independence requirements for members of audit committees than for the other members of the BoD. Each of the five members of our Audit Committee is an external BoD member who, in addition to satisfying our independence criteria, does not receive, directly or indirectly, any consulting, advisory or other compensatory fees from UBS other than in his or her capacity as a BoD member; does not hold, directly or indirectly, UBS shares in excess of 5% of the outstanding capital; and (except as noted below) does not serve on the audit committees of more than two other public companies. The NYSE listing standards on corporate governance allow for an exemption for audit committee members to serve on more than three audit committees of public companies, provided that all BoD members determine that the candidate has the time and the availability to fulfill his or her obligations. Considering the credentials of William G. Parrett and Ann F. Godbehere, the BoD has granted this exemption in their cases.

Corporate Responsibility Committee

The Corporate Responsibility Committee supports the BoD in fulfilling its duty to safeguard and advance the Group’s reputation for responsible corporate conduct. It reviews and assesses stakeholder concerns and expectations for responsible corporate conduct and their possible consequences for UBS, and recommends appropriate actions to the BoD. The majority of the Corporate Responsibility Committee’s members must be independent. The Corporate Responsibility Committee comprises four independent BoD members and, on 31 December 2012, was chaired by Wolfgang Mayrhuber with Axel A. Weber, William G. Parrett, Beatrice Weder di Mauro and Joseph Yam as additional members. The Corporate Responsibility Committee is advised and supported by a number of senior business representatives. It met twice for approximately one and a half hours on average in 2012, and 90% of Corporate Responsibility Committee members were present.

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Refer to the “Corporate responsibility” section of this report for more information

Governance and Nominating Committee

The Governance and Nominating Committee supports the BoD in fulfilling its duty to establish best practices in corporate governance across the Group, to conduct a BoD annual self-assessment, to establish and maintain a process for appointing new BoD and GEB members (in the latter case, upon proposal by the Group CEO), and to manage the succession planning of all GEB members. The Governance and Nominating Committee comprises four independent BoD members and, on 31 December 2012, Axel A. Weber chaired the Governance and Nominating Committee, with Michel Demaré, Axel P. Lehmann, Isabelle Romy and David Sidwell as additional members. In 2012, eight meetings were held with an average participation of 85% of members and a duration averaging one hour. One meeting was held with external advisors.

Human Resources and Compensation Committee

The Human Resources and Compensation Committee is responsible for the following functions: (i) supporting the BoD in its duties to set guidelines on compensation and benefits; (ii) approving the total compensation for the Chairman and the non-independent BoD members; (iii) proposing, together with the Chairman, total individual compensation for the independent BoD members and Group CEO for approval by the BoD; and (iv) proposing to the BoD for approval, upon recommendation of the Group CEO, the total individual compensation for GEB members. The Human Resources and Compensation Committee also reviews the compensation disclosure included in this report.

The Human Resources and Compensation Committee comprises four independent BoD members and, on 31 December 2012, Ann F. Godbehere chaired it with Rainer-Marc Frey, Wolfgang Mayrhuber and Helmut Panke as additional members. In 2012, six meetings and seven telephone conferences were held with an average duration of 100 minutes and participation rate of 85%. Of those meetings and calls, 11 were held with external advisors and 13 with the Chairman and Group CEO.

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Refer to the “Compensation governance” section of this report for more information on the GEB members on 31 December 2011.Human Resources and Compensation Committee’s decision-making procedures

Risk Committee

The Risk Committee is responsible for overseeing and supporting the BoD in fulfilling its duty to supervise and set appropriate risk management and control principles in the following areas: (i) risk management and control, including credit, market, country, legal and operational risks; (ii) treasury and capital management, including funding, liquidity and equity attribution; and (iii) balance sheet management. The Risk Committee considers the potential effects of the aforementioned risks on the Group’s reputation. For these purposes, the Risk Committee receives all relevant information from the GEB and has the authority to meet with regulators and external bodies in consultation with the Group CEO. On 31 December 2012, the Risk Committee comprised five independent BoD members. David Sidwell chaired the Risk Committee with Rainer-Marc Frey, Axel P. Lehmann, Helmut Panke and Joseph Yam as additional members. During 2012, the Risk Committee held a total of eight meetings and six calls, with an average participation rate of 87% of members. The average meeting duration was five and a half hours and the calls lasted approximately one hour and a quarter.

The Audit Committee Chairperson regularly attended part or all of the Risk Committee meetings. In 2012, the Chairman, the Group CEO, the Group CFO, the Group Chief Risk Officer, the Group General Counsel, the co­CEOs or the CEO of the Investment Bank, the Group Treasurer, the Head Group Internal Audit and Ernst & Young were also regularly present. In addition, the Risk Committee and Human Resources and Compensation Committee met jointly to discuss topics on which they have shared

 

 

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responsibility. Annually, one session is held with the Governing Board of the SNB and one with FINMA. Two meetings were held with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and the Connecticut Department of Banking and one meeting was held with the UK Financial Services Authority.

Ad­hoc Strategy Committee

In 2012, an ad-hoc committee on strategy (the Strategy Committee) was created to discuss details of the acceleration of UBS’s strategy with the senior management. On 31 December 2012, the Strategy Committee comprised four BoD members. Axel A. Weber chaired the Strategy Committee with Michel Demaré, Rainer-Marc Frey and David Sidwell as additional members. Two telephone conferences and one meeting were held with an average duration of 60 minutes and participation of 92%. All these events were attended by the Group CEO, the Group CFO and the Group Chief Operating Officer.

Special Committee conducting an independent internal investigation

In light of the unauthorized trading incident announced in September 2011, the BoD in the same month created a Special Committee comprised of three independent Risk Committee and Audit Committee members. Its role was, with assistance from Group Internal Audit, to conduct an independent internal investigation into the event, its causes, disciplinary consequences and proposed remedial actions, and to report its findings to the BoD.

David Sidwell chaired the Special Committee with Ann F. Godbehere and Joseph Yam as additional members. In 2012, the committee held five conference calls and one meeting. All of the Special Committee members were present and the meetings lasted for one hour on average. In June the committee decided that, for the time being, no further Special Committee meetings or actions were required and that the Special Committee would going forward be convened if necessary.

Roles and responsibilities of the Chairman of the Board of Directors

Axel A. Weber, the Chairman of the BoD (Chairman), has entered into a full-time employment contract with UBS in connection with his service on the BoD.

The Chairman coordinates the tasks within the BoD, calls BoD meetings and sets their agendas. Under the leadership of the Chairman, the BoD decides on the strategy of the Group upon the recommendation of the Group CEO, exercises the ultimate supervision over management and appoints all GEB members.

The Chairman presides over all our shareholders’ meetings, and works with the committee chairpersons to coordinate the work of all BoD committees. Together with the Group CEO, the Chairman is responsible for ensuring effective communication with shareholders and other stakeholders, including government officials, regulators and public organizations. This is in addition to establishing and maintaining a close working relationship with the Group CEO and the other GEB members, providing advice and support while respecting the fact that day-to-day management responsibility is delegated to the GEB.

Roles and responsibilities of the Vice Chairmen and the Senior Independent Director

The BoD appoints one or more Vice Chairmen and a Senior Independent Director. If the BoD appoints more than one Vice Chairman, one of them must be independent. Michel Demaré has been appointed as Vice Chairman and David Sidwell has been appointed as Senior Independent Director. A Vice Chairman is required to lead the BoD in the absence of the Chairman and to provide support and advice to the Chairman. At least twice a year, the Senior Independent Director organizes and leads a meeting of the independent BoD members in the absence of the Chairman. In 2012, three independent BoD meetings were held for a duration of one and a half hours each. The Senior Independent Director relays any issues or concerns of independent BoD members to the Chairman and acts as a contact point for shareholders and stakeholders wishing to engage in discussions with an independent BoD member.

Important business connections of independent members of the Board of Directors with UBS

As a global financial services provider and a major bank in Switzerland, we have business relationships with many large companies, including those in which our BoD members assume management or independent board responsibilities. The Governance and Nominating Committee determines if the nature of the relationships between UBS and the companies whose chair, chief executive or other officer is a member of our BoD does not compromise his or her capacity for independent judgment.

Our Organization Regulations require three-quarters of the BoD members to be independent. As a general rule, for a BoD member to be considered independent, he or she may not have a material relationship with UBS, either directly or as a partner, controlling shareholder or executive officer of a company that has a relationship with UBS. In addition, in order to be considered independent, our BoD members have to fulfill the additional criteria our BoD has established based on the requirements set forth in the NYSE listing standards on corporate governance, the FINMA Circular 08 / 24 on the supervision and internal controls at banks and the standards established in the Swiss Code of Best Practice for Corporate Governance. These criteria, together with a definition of what constitutes a material relationship, are published on our website underwww.ubs.com/governance.

Based thereupon, on 31 December 2012, all our BoD members were considered independent by the BoD, with the exception of our Chairman Axel A. Weber. In accordance with the abovementioned independence criteria and due to our Chairman’s full-time employment by UBS AG, he is not considered independent.

All relationships and transactions with UBS’s independent BoD members are conducted in the ordinary course of business, and

 

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are on the same terms as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with non-affiliated persons. All relationships and transactions with UBS BoD members’ associated companies are conducted at arm’s length.

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Refer to “Note 32 Related parties” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

Checks and balances: Board of Directors and Group Executive Board

We operate under a strict dual board structure, as mandated by Swiss banking law. The separation of responsibilities between the BoD and the GEB is clearly defined in the Organization Regulations. The BoD decides on the strategy of the Group upon the recommendation of the Group CEO, and supervises and monitors the business, whereas the GEB, headed by the Group CEO, has executive management responsibility. The functions of Chairman of the BoD and Group CEO are assigned to two different people, ensuring a separation of power. This structure establishes checks and balances and preserves the institutional independence of the BoD from the day-to-day management of the firm, for which responsibility is delegated to the GEB under the leadership of the Group CEO. No member of one board may be a member of the other.

Supervision and control of the GEB remains with the BoD. The authorities and responsibilities of the two bodies are governed by the Articles of Association and the Organization Regulations, including the latter document’s “Annex B – Responsibilities and authorities”.

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Refer to www.ubs.com/governance for more details on checks and balances for the BoD and GEB

Information and control instruments vis-à-vis the Group Executive Board

The BoD is kept informed of the activities of the GEB in various ways. The minutes of the GEB meetings are made available to the BoD members. At BoD meetings, the Group CEO and GEB members regularly update the BoD on important issues.

At BoD meetings, BoD members may request from BoD or GEB members any information about matters concerning UBS that they require to fulfill their duties. Outside meetings, BoD members may request information from other BoD and GEB members, in which case such requests must be approved by the Chairman.

Group Internal Audit independently, objectively and systematically assesses the adherence to our strategy, effectiveness of governance, risk management and control processes at Group, divisional and regional levels, and monitors compliance with legal, regulatory and statutory requirements, as well as with internal policies and contracts. This internal audit organization has a functional reporting line to the Risk Committee and the Audit Committee in line with their responsibilities as set forth in our Organization Regulations. The Risk Committee and the Audit Committee must be informed of the results of the annual internal audit plan and status of annual internal audit objectives and must be in regular contact with the Head Group Internal Audit.

Our compliance function provided an annual compliance report to the BoD in March 2012. This report is required by sections 109 and 112 of the FINMA Circular 08 / 24 on the supervision and internal controls at banks.

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Refer to the “Risk management and control” section of this report for more information

 

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Group Executive Board

UBS operates under a strict dual board structure, as required by Swiss banking law. The management of the business is delegated by the BoD to the Group Executive Board (GEB).

Members of the Group Executive Board and changes in 2012

Since the first quarter of 2012, UBS has reported Wealth Management and Retail & Corporate as separate business divisions, with Wealth Management & Swiss Bank ceasing to exist as a business division. Lukas Gähwiler became CEO of Retail & Corporate in addition to his position as CEO of UBS Switzerland, and Jürg Zeltner became CEO of UBS Wealth Management. On 22 March 2012, the Board appointed

Andrea Orcel as co-CEO of the Investment Bank alongside Carsten Kengeter, effective 1 July 2012. On 1 April 2012, Alexander Wilmot-Sitwell stepped down as co-CEO of UBS Group Asia Pacific and GEB member. As a consequence Chi-Won Yoon became sole CEO of UBS Group Asia Pacific on that date. On 1 November 2012, Andrea Orcel became sole CEO of the Investment Bank and Carsten Kengeter stepped down from the GEB to lead the management of the businesses and positions to be exited by the Investment Bank.

In spring 2013, the GEB decided that all responsibilities and authorities of the Corporate Center CEO are assumed by the Group Chief Operating Officer and to eliminate the role of the Corporate Center CEO.

The following biographies provide information on the GEB members.

LOGO

Sergio P. Ermotti

Swiss, born 11 May 1960

UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

 

Function in UBS

Group CEO

 

Year of initial appointment: 2011

 

  

 

 

Professional history and education

Sergio P. Ermotti was appointed Group CEO in November 2011. He had2011, having held the position of Group CEO on an interim basis since September 2011. Mr. Ermotti became a member of the GEB in April 2011 and was Chairman and CEO of UBS Group Europe, Middle East and Africa from April to November 2011. From 2007 to 2010 he was the Group Deputy Chief Executive Officer at UniCredit, Milan, and was responsible for the strategic business areas of Corporate and Investment Banking, as well asand Private Banking strategic business areas.Banking. He joined UniCredit in 2005 as the Head of the Markets & Investment Banking Division. Between 2001 and 2003 he worked at Merrill Lynch, and servedserving as co-Head of Global Equity Markets and as a member of the Executive Management Committee for Global Markets & Investment Banking. He began his career with Merrill Lynch in 1987, and held various positions within equity derivatives and capital markets. Mr. Ermotti is a Swiss-certified banking expert and is a graduate of the Advanced Management Program at Oxford University.

 

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups:

Mr. Ermotti is a non-executive Directordirector of the London Stock Exchange Group.

  
  

 

 

LOGOLOGO

Markus U. Diethelm

Swiss, born 22 October 1957

UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

 

Function in UBS

Group General Counsel

 

Year of initial appointment: 2008

  

 

 

Professional history and education

Markus U. Diethelm was appointed Group General Counsel of UBS and became a member of the GEB in September 2008. From 1998 untilto 2008 he served as Group Chief Legal Officer at Swiss Re, and was appointed to its Group Executive Board in 2007. Prior to that, he was at the Los Angeles-based law firm Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher, and focused on corporate matters, securities transactions, litigation and regulatory investigations while working out of the firm’s Brussels and Paris offices. From 1989 untilto 1992 he practiced at the Shearman & Sterling law firm in New York, specializing in mergers and acquisitions. In 1988, he worked at Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison in New York, after starting his career in 1983 with Bär & Karrer. Mr. Diethelm holds a law degree from the University of Zurich and a master’s degree and PhD from Stanford Law School. Mr. Diethelm is a qualified attorney-at-law admitted to the bar in Zurich and in New York State Bar Associations.State.

 

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups:

Mr. Diethelm is the Chairman of the Swiss-American Chamber of Commerce’s Legal Committeelegal committee, and a member of the Swiss Advisory Council of the American Swiss Foundation.Foundation, of the UBS Foundation of Economics in Society and of the Conseil de Fondation du Musée International de la Croix-Rouge et du Croissant-Rouge.

 

  

 

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Corporate governance responsibility

and compensation

 

  

 

 

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John A. Fraser

Australian and British, born 8 August 1951

UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

 

Functions in UBS

Chairman and CEO Global Asset Management

 

Year of initial appointment: 2002

  

 

 

Professional history and education

John A. Fraser was appointed Chairman and CEO of the Global Asset Management business division in December 2001, and became a member of the GEB in July 2002. Since 2008 he has been the Chairman of UBS Saudi Arabia. From 1998 to 2001 he was President and Chief Operating Officer of UBS Asset Management and Head of Asia Pacific. From 1994 to 1998 he was the Executive Chairman and CEO of the Australia funds management business. Before joining UBS, Mr. Fraser spent over 20 years in various positions at the Australian Treasury, including two international postings in Washington, D.C., first, at the International Monetary Fund and, second,subsequently, as the Economic Minister at the Australian Embassy in Washington, D.C. He was the Deputy Secretary (Economic) of the Australian Treasury from 1990 to 1993. Mr. Fraser graduated from Monash University, Melbourne, in 1972, and holds a first-class honors degree in economics.

 

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups:

Mr. Fraser is a member of the President’s Advisory Council of the European Fund and Asset Management Association, a member of the Advisory Council of AccountAbility and a member of the Board of Governors of the Marymount International School at Kingston-upon-Thames in the UK, and Chairman of the Victorian Funds Management Corporation in Melbourne.

  
  

 

 

LOGOLOGO

Lukas Gähwiler

Swiss, born 4 May 1965

UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

 

Functions in UBS

CEO UBS Switzerland and

co-CEO Wealth Management CEO Retail & Swiss BankCorporate

 

Year of initial appointment: 2010

  

 

 

Professional history and education

Lukas Gähwiler became a member of the GEB and was appointed CEO of UBS Switzerland and co-CEO of Wealth Management & Swiss Bank in April 2010. In his role as CEO of UBS Switzerland he is responsible for all businesses – retail, wealth management, corporate and institutional, investment banking and asset management – in UBS’s home market. Since January 2012 he has also been CEO of Retail & Corporate. Between April 2010 and January 2012 he combined the position of CEO of UBS Switzerland with the role of co-CEO of UBS Wealth Management & Swiss Bank. From 2003 to 2010 he was the Chief Credit Officer at Credit Suisse and was accountable for the worldwide credit business of Private Banking, including Commercial Banking in Switzerland. In 1998, Mr. Gähwiler was appointed as Chief of Staff to the CEO of the Credit SuisseSuisse’s Private and Corporate Business Unit,business unit and, previous to that, he held various front-office positions in Switzerland and North America. He earned a bachelor’s degree in business administration from the University of Applied Sciences in St. Gällen.Gallen. Mr. Gähwiler completed an MBA program in corporate finance at the International Bankers School in New York, as well as the Advanced Management Program at Harvard Business School.

 

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups:

Mr. Gähwiler is a member of the board of Economiesuisse, the Zurich Chamber of Commerce and the Opernhaus AG as well asZurich. He is Vice Chairman of the Swiss Finance Institute. He isInstitute, as well as a member of the Foundation Board of the UBS pension fund.fund and of the UBS Foundation of Economics in Society.

 

  
  

 

 

LOGO

Carsten Kengeter

German, born 31 March 1967

UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

Functions in UBS

Chairman and CEO Investment Bank

Year of initial appointment: 2009

Professional history and education

Carsten Kengeter was appointed Chairman and CEO of the Investment Bank in November 2010, after having been appointed co-CEO in April 2009, when he became a member of the GEB. He joined UBS in December 2008, and served as the joint Global Head of Fixed Income, Currencies & Commodities (FICC) in the Investment Bank until January 2010. He has been on the Governing Board of UBS Limited since March 2009. Mr. Kengeter worked for Goldman Sachs as the co-Head of Asia (ex-Japan) Securities Division in Hong Kong from 2006. In 2003, he co-headed the European FICC and Structured Equities Distribution in London, and in 2002, he became partner and Head of the FICC German Region in Frankfurt. In 2000, Mr. Kengeter was made Head of the European and Asian Collateralized Debt Obligation business in London, and before that he was in derivatives marketing in Frankfurt. From 1992 to 1997, he worked for Barclays de Zoete Wedd, and was responsible for credit derivatives trading. Mr. Kengeter graduated as Diplom-Betriebswirt from Fachhochschule Reutlingen, holds a bachelor’s in business administration from Middlesex University as well as an MSc in finance and accounting from the London School of Economics.

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Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

Corporate governance

LOGOLOGO

Ulrich Körner

German and Swiss, born 25 October 1962

UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

 

Functions in UBS

Group Chief Operating Officer and

CEO Corporate Center

CEO UBS Group Europe, Middle East and Africa

 

Year of initial appointment: 2009

  

 

 

Professional history and education

Ulrich Körner was appointed Group Chief Operating Officer and CEO Corporate Center, and became a member of the GEB in April 2009. AdditionallyIn addition to this function, he was appointed CEO of UBS Group Europe, Middle East and Africa in December 2011. In 1998, Mr. Körner joined Credit Suisse. He served as a member of the Credit Suisse Group Executive Board from 2003 to 2008, holding various management positions, including CFO and Chief Operating Officer. From 2006 to 2008 he was responsible for the entire Swiss client business as CEO Credit Suisse Switzerland. Mr. Körner received a PhD in business administration from the University of St. Gallen, in business administration, and served for several years aswas an auditor forat Price Waterhouse and as a management consultant forat McKinsey & Company.

 

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups:

Mr. Körner is Vice Chairman of the Committee of the Governing Board of the Swiss Bankers Association, Chairman of the Widder Hotel in Zurich, and is Vice President of the Board of Lyceum Alpinum Zuoz. He is the Deputy Chairman of the Supervisory Board of UBS Deutschland AG, Chairman of the Foundation Board of the UBS pension fund, a member of the Financial Service Chapter Board of the Swiss-American Chamber of Commerce, and is a member of the Advisory Board of the Department of Banking and Finance at the University of Zurich.Zurich and a member of the business advisory council of the Laureus Foundation Switzerland.

 

  

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LOGO

LOGO

Philip J. Lofts

British, born 9 April 1962

UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

 

Function in UBS

Group Chief Risk Officer

 

Year of initial appointment: 2008

  

 

 

Professional history and education

Philip J. Lofts became a GEB member in 2008, and was re-appointed as Group Chief Risk Officer in December 2011 after serving in the same role from 2008 to 2010. He was CEO of UBS Group Americas from January to November 2011. Mr. Lofts, who began his career with UBS over 25 years ago. In 2008, heago, became the Group Risk Chief Operating Officer in 2008 after having previously been thethree years serving as Group Chief Credit Officer for three years.Officer. Before this, Mr. Lofts worked for the Investment Bank in a number of business and risk control positions in Europe, Asia Pacific and the US. Mr. Lofts joined Union Bank of Switzerland in 1984 as a credit analyst and was appointed Head of Structured Finance in Japan in 1998. Philip J.Mr. Lofts successfully completed his A-levels at Cranbrook School. From 1981 to 1984 he was a trainee at Charterhouse Japhet plc, a merchant bank, which was acquired by the Royal Bank of Scotland in 1985.

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups:

Mr. Lofts is a board member of the University of Connecticut Foundation.

  
  

 

LOGO

LOGO

Robert J. McCann

American (US) and Irish, born 15 March 1958

UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

 

Functions in UBS

CEO Wealth Management Americas

CEO UBS Group Americas

 

Year of initial appointment: 2009

  

 

 

Professional history and education

Robert J. McCann was appointed CEO of Wealth Management Americas and became a member of the GEB in October 2009. In addition, he has been CEO of UBS Group Americas since December 2011. From 2003 to 2009 he worked for Merrill Lynch as Vice Chairman and President of the Global Wealth Management Group. In 2003, he served as Vice Chairman of Distribution and Marketing for AXA Financial. He began his career with Merrill Lynch in 1982, working in various positions in capital markets and research. From 2001 to 2003 he was the Head of Global Securities Research and Economics. In 2000, he was appointed the Chief Operating Officer of Global Markets and Investment Banking. From 1998 to 2000 he was the Global Head of Global Institutional Debt and Equity Sales. Mr. McCann graduated with a bachelor’s in economics from Bethany College, West Virginia, and holds an MBA from Texas Christian University.

 

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups:

Mr. McCann is a board member of the American Ireland Fund, and is Vice Chairman of the Bethany College Board of Trustees. He is a member of the Clearing House Advisory Board, a member of the Presidents Circle of No Greater Sacrifice Advisory Board in Washington, D.C., a member of the Committee Encouraging Corporate Philanthropy and a member of the board of the Catholic Charities of the Archdiocese of New York.

 

  

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Corporate governance, responsibility

and compensation

  

 

LOGO

LOGO

Tom Naratil

American (US), born 1 December 1961

UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

 

Function in UBS

Group CFO

 

Year of initial appointment: 2011

  

 

 

Professional history and education

Tom Naratil was appointed Group CFO and became a member of the GEB in June 2011. He served as CFO and Chief Risk Officer of Wealth Management Americas from 2009 until his current appointment. Before 2009, he held various senior management positions within UBS, including heading the Auction Rate Securities Solutions Group during the financial crisis in 2008. He was named Global Head of Marketing, Segment & Client Development in 2007, Global Head of Market Strategy & Development in 2005, and Director of Banking and Transactional Solutions, Wealth Management USA, in 2002. During this time, he was a member of the Group Managing Board. He joined Paine Webber Incorporated in 1983, and after the merger with UBS became Director of the Investment Products Group. Mr. Naratil holds an MBA in economics from New York University and a Bachelorbachelor of Artsarts degree in history from Yale University.

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Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

Corporate governance

LOGO

Andrea Orcel

Italian, born 14 May 1963

UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

Function in UBS

CEO Investment Bank

Year of initial appointment: 2012

Professional history and education

Andrea Orcel was appointed CEO of the Investment Bank in November 2012. He had been appointed co-CEO of the Investment Bank and a member of the GEB in July 2012. He joined UBS from Bank of America Merrill Lynch, where he had been Executive Chairman since 2009, President of Emerging Markets (ex Asia) since 2010 and CEO of European Card Services since 2011. Prior to Merrill Lynch’s acquisition by Bank of America, Mr. Orcel was a member of Merrill Lynch’s global management committee and Head of Global Origination, which combined Investment Banking and Capital Markets. He held a number of other leadership positions, including President of Global Markets & Investment Banking for Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA) and Head of EMEA Origination beginning in 2004. Between 2003 and 2007 he led the Global Financial Institutions Group, of which he had been part since joining Merrill Lynch in 1992. Prior to this, he worked at Goldman Sachs and the Boston Consulting Group. Mr. Orcel holds an MBA from INSEAD and a degree in economics and commerce, summa cum laude, from the University of Rome.

  
  

 

 

LOGO

Alexander Wilmot-Sitwell

British, born 16 March 1961

UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

Functions in UBS

Co-Chairman and co-CEO UBS Group Asia Pacific

Year of initial appointment: 2008

Professional history and education

Alexander Wilmot-Sitwell was appointed co-Chairman and co-CEO of UBS Group Asia Pacific in November 2010. He became a member of the GEB in February 2008. From 2009 to 2010, he served as co-CEO of the Investment Bank, and from 2005 to 2009 as the joint Global Head of Investment Banking. From 2008 to 2010, he was the Chairman and CEO of UBS Group Europe, the Middle East and Africa. Mr. Wilmot-Sitwell joined the firm in 1996 as the Head of Corporate Finance in South Africa and moved to London in 1998 as the Head of UK Investment Banking. He previously worked for Warburg Dillon Read and served as the Head of Corporate Finance at SBC Warburg in South Africa. Mr. Wilmot-Sitwell graduated from Bristol University with a bachelor’s degree in modern history.

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups: Mr. Wilmot-Sitwell is Vice President of the Save the Children Fund, London.

LOGOLOGO

Chi-Won Yoon

Korean, born 2 June 1959

UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

 

FunctionsFunction in UBS

Co-Chairman and co-CEOCEO UBS Group Asia Pacific

 

Year of initial appointment: 2009

  

 

 

Professional history and education

Chi-Won Yoon was appointed CEO of UBS Group Asia Pacific in April 2012 and has been a member of the GEB since June 2009. He held the position of co-Chairman and co-CEO of UBS Group Asia Pacific sincefrom November 2010.2010 to March 2012. From June 2009 to November 2010 he served as sole Chairman and CEO of UBS AG, Asia Pacific and has been a member of the GEB since June 2009.Pacific. Prior to his current role, Mr. Yoon served as Head of UBS’s securities business in Asia Pacific: Asia Equities, which he oversaw from 2004, and Asia Pacific FICCFixed Income, Currencies and Commodities, which he was brought in to lead inled from 2009. In 1997, whenWhen he first joined the firm in 1997, he served as Head of Equity Derivatives. Mr. Yoon began his career in financial services in 1986, working first at Merrill Lynch in New York and then at Lehman Brothers in New York and Hong Kong. Before embarking on a Wall Street career, he worked as an electrical engineer in satellite communications. In 1982, Mr. Yoon earned a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT),MIT, and in 1986, a master’s degree in management from MIT’s Sloan School of Management.

 

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups:

Mr. Yoon is on the board of UBS Securities Co. Ltd. and a member of the Asian Executive Board of MIT’s Sloan School of Management.

  

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Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

Corporate governance

  

 

 

LOGOLOGO

Jürg Zeltner

Swiss, born 4 May 1967

UBS AG, Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8098 Zurich

 

FunctionsFunction in UBS

CEO UBS Wealth Management and

co-CEO Wealth Management & Swiss Bank

 

Year of initial appointment: 2009

  

 

 

Professional history and education

Jürg Zeltner was appointed CEO UBS Wealth Management and co-CEO of Wealth Management & Swiss Bank, and became a member of the GEB in February 2009.2009 and is CEO of UBS Wealth Management. Between February 2009 and January 2012 he served as co-CEO of UBS Wealth Management & Swiss Bank. In November 2007, he was appointed as Head of Wealth Management North, East & Central Europe. From 2005 to 2007 he was the CEO of UBS Deutschland, Frankfurt and, prior to that, he held various management positions in the former Wealth Management division of UBS. Between 1987 and 1998 he was with Swiss Bank Corporation in various roles within the Private and Corporate Client division in Berne, New York and Zurich. Mr. Zeltner graduatedholds a diploma in business administration from the SchoolCollege of Economics and Business AdministrationHigher Vocational Education in Berne and completedis a graduate of the Advanced Management Program at Harvard Business School.

 

Other activities and functions

Mandates on boards of important corporations, organizations and foundations or interest groups:

Mr. Zeltner is a board member of the German-Swiss Chamber of Commerce and Chairman of the UBS Optimus Foundation.

Foundation Board.

  

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and compensation

 

Responsibilities, authorities and organizational principles of the Group Executive Board

Under the leadership of the Group CEO, the GEB has executive management responsibility for the Group and its business. It assumes overall responsibility for the development of the Group and business division strategies and the implementation of approved strategies. The GEB constitutes itself as the risk council of the Group. In this function, the GEB has overall responsibility for the following: establishing and supervising the implementation of risk management and control principles; approving coremajor risk policies;policies as proposed primarily by the Group Chief Risk Officer; and controlling the risk profile of the Group as a whole as determined by the BoD and the Risk Committee. In 2011,2012, the GEB held a total of 18 meetings.22 meetings, not including two GEB offsite meetings and two ad hoc conference calls.

 è 

Refer to the Organization Regulations, which are available atwww.ubs.com/governance,for more information on the authorities of the Group Executive Board

Responsibilities and authorities of the Group Asset and Liability Management Committee

The Group Asset and Liability Management Committee (Group ALCO), established by the GEB, in 2009, is responsible for setting strategies to maximize the financial performance of the Group, and is subject to the guidelines, constraints and risk tolerances set by the BoD. The Group ALCO is also responsible for managing the balance sheet of the business divisions through allocation and monitoring of limits as well as managing capital, liquidity and funding; and promoting a one-firm financial management culture. The Organization Regulations additionally specify which powers of the GEB are delegated to the Group ALCO. In 2011,2012, the Group ALCO held nine meetings.

Management contracts

We have not entered into management contracts with any third parties.

 

 

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Corporate governance responsibility

and compensation

 

Change of control and defense measures

 

We refrain from restrictions that would hinder developments initiated in, or supported by, the financial markets. We also do not have any specific defenses in place to prevent hostile takeovers.

Duty to make an offer

An investor who acquiresacquired more than 33 1/3% of all voting rights of UBS AG (directly, indirectly or in concert with third parties), whether they are exercisable or not, iswould be required to submit a takeover offer for all shares outstanding, according to the Swiss stock exchange law.Stock Exchange Act. We have not elected to change or opt out of this rule.

Clauses on change of control

Neither the employment agreement with the Chairman of the Board of Directors,BoD, nor the employment contracts with the Group Executive Board (GEB) members containand employees holding key functions within the company (Group Managing Directors), contains change of control clauses.

All employment contracts with GEB members contain a notice period of six months, except for one which contains a 12-month notice period. During the notice period, GEB members are entitled to their salary and continuation of existing employment benefits.

In case of a change of control, the Human Resources and Compensation CommitteeUBS may, at its discretion, accelerate the vesting of restricted sharesand/or relax applicable forfeiture provisions of employees’ awards, and amend the vesting date ordefer lapse date of options.options or stock appreciation rights.

According to the agreement we have entered into with the Swiss National Bank (SNB), in the event of a change in control of UBS, the SNB has the right, but not the obligation, to require that we purchase the loan the SNB provided to the SNB StabFund at its outstanding principal amount plus accrued interest, and that we purchase the SNB StabFund’s equity at 50% of its value at the time.

 

 

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Corporate governance, responsibility

and compensation

 

Auditors

 

Audit is an integral part of corporate governance. While safeguarding their independence, the external auditors closely coordinate their work with Group Internal Audit.Audit (GIA). The Audit Committee, (AC), and ultimately the Board of Directors (BoD), supervises the effectiveness of audit work.

 è 

Refer to the “Board of Directors” section of this report for more information on the Audit Committee

External independent auditors

At the 20112012 Annual General Meeting of Shareholders (AGM), Ernst & Young were reelected as auditors for the Group for a further one-yearone­year term of office. Ernst & Young assume virtually all auditing functions according to laws, regulatory requests and the Articles of Association. The Ernst & Young lead partner in charge of the UBS financial audit has been Jonathan Bourne since 2010 and his incumbency is limited to five years. The co-signing partner for the financial statement audit is Troy J. Butner who has been on the audit since 2011 and his incumbency is limited to seven years. The Lead Auditor and Signing Partner leading theto FINMA regulatory audit in 2011 wasis Iqbal Khan, and Andreas Loetscher was co-signing Partner, for both the financial and the FINMA regulatory audit. Both haveKhan; he has been in charge forof auditing UBS since 20112011. The co-signing partner for the FINMA audit was Marc Ryser since 2012 with an incumbency of seven years. Ernst & Young will be proposed

Special auditor for reelection at the AGM in 2012.capital increase

At the 20092012 AGM, BDO AG was appointed as special auditor for a three-year term of office. The special auditors provide audit opinions independently from the auditors in connection with capital increases. BDO AG will be proposed for reelection at the AGM in 2012.

Fees paid to external independent auditors

The fees (including expenses) paid to our auditors Ernst & Young are set forth in the table on the next page.below. In addition, Ernst & Young received CHF 33,327,000 in 2012 (CHF 30,106,000 in 2011 (CHF 33,206,000 in 2010)2011) for services performed on behalf of our investment funds, many of which have independent fund boards or trustees.

Audit work includes all services necessary to perform the audit in accordance with applicable laws and generally accepted auditing standards, as well as other assurance services that conventionally only the auditor can provide. These include statutory and regulatory audits, attest services, and the review of documents to be filed with regulatory bodies. The additional services classified as audit in 2012 included several engagements for which Ernst & Young were mandated at the request of FINMA to review new or remediated processes, whether in response to regulatory changes, such as Basel III, or as a result of control deficiency remediation, for example, in connection with the 2011 unauthorized trading incident.

Audit-related work comprises assurance and related services that traditionally are performed by the auditor, such as attest services related to financial reporting, internal control reviews, performance standard reviews, consultation concerning financial accounting and reporting standards and due diligence investigations on transactions in which we propose to engage.

Tax work involves services performed by professional staff in Ernst & Young’s tax division, and includes tax compliance, tax consultation and tax planning with respect to our own affairs.

“Other” services are approved onpermitted services which comprise on­call advisory services and in 2012 also an exceptional basis only. They mainly comprise on-call advisory services.assessment of the opera-

LOGO

 Fees paid to external auditors          
 

 

UBS paid the following fees (including expenses) to its external auditors Ernst & Young Ltd.:

 

    
 CHF thousand  31.12.12   31.12.11 
 

 

Audit

    
            
 Global audit fees   53,900     52,600  
            
 Additional services classified as audit (services required by law or statute, including work of a non-recurring nature mandated by regulators)   23,648     5,240  
            
 Total audit   77,548     57,840  
            
 

 

Non-audit

    
            
 Audit-related fees   8,401     8,190  
            
 

of which assurance and attest services

   3,427     3,123  
            
 

of which control and performance reports

   4,134     4,626  
            
 

of which advisory on accounting standards, transaction consulting including due diligence, other

   840     441  
            
 Tax services   817     1,021  
            
 Other   1,990     1,483  
 Total non-audit   11,208     10,694  

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Corporate governance

tional risk framework. In addition, 20102012 and 2011 included non-recurring expenses.

Pre-approval procedures and policies

To ensure Ernst & Young’s independence, all services provided by them have to be pre-approvedpre­approved by the AC.Audit Committee. A pre-approval may be granted either for a specific mandate, or in the form of a bucketblanket pre-approval authorizing a limited and well-defined type and amount of services.

The ACAudit Committee has delegated pre-approval authority to its Chairperson, henceand the Group Chief Financial Officer (Group CFO) submits all proposals for services by Ernst & Young to the Chairperson of the ACAudit Committee for approval, unless there is a bucketblanket pre-approval in place. At each quarterly meeting, the ACAudit Committee is informed of the approvals granted by its Chairperson and of services authorized under bucketblanket pre-approvals.

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Fees paid to external independent auditors

UBS paid the following fees (including expenses) to its external auditors Ernst & Young Ltd.:

in CHF thousand

  31.12.11   31.12.10 
Audit    
           
Global audit fees   52,600     46,939  
           
Additional services classified as audit (services required by law or statute, including work of a non-recurring nature mandated by regulators)   5,240     11,604  
           
Total audit   57,840     58,543  
           
Non-audit    
           
Audit-related fees   8,190     7,225  
           

of which assurance and attest services

   3, 123     3,073  
           

of which control and performance reports

   4,626     4,058  
           

of which advisory on accounting standards, transaction consulting including due diligence, other

   441     94  
           
Tax advisory   1,021     521  
           
Other   1,483     1,152  
           
Total non-audit   10,694     8,898  
           

Group Internal Audit

With 339357 personnel worldwide on 31 December 2011, Group Internal Audit2012, GIA performs the internal auditing function for the entire Group. Group Internal AuditGIA is an independent and objective function that supports the firm in achieving its defined strategic, operational, financial and compliance objectives, and the BoD and its Committeescommittees in discharging their governance responsibilitiesresponsibilities. GIA provides assurance by independently assessing risk management, control and governance processes; assessing the reliability of financial and operational information; and ensuring we are compliantinformation, as well as compliance with legal, regulatory and

statutory requirements. All reports with key issues are provided to the Group Chief Executive Officer (Group CEO),CEO, the Group Executive Board members responsible for the business divisions and other responsible management. In addition, the Chairman, the Risk Committee (RC) and the ACAudit Committee are regularly informed about

important issues. Group Internal AuditGIA further assures the closure and successful remediation of issues, irrespective of the function which identified them (issues identified by GIA, local internal audit functions, external auditors, legal and compliance, regulators, as well as self-identified issues raised by management). GIA closely cooperates with internal and external legal advisors and risk control units on investigations into major control issues.

To maximize its independence from management, the Head of Group Internal Audit,GIA, James P. Oates, reports directly to the Chairman of the BoD andas well as to the RC. Group InternalRisk Committee and the Audit Committee. GIA has unrestricted access to all accounts, books, records, systems, property and personnel, and must be provided with all information and data needed to fulfill its auditing duties. The RCRisk Committee and the ACAudit Committee may order special audits to be conducted. Other BoD members, Committeescommittees or the Group CEO may request such audits with the approval of the ACAudit Committee or the RC.Risk Committee.

Coordination and close cooperation with the external auditors enhance the efficiency of Group Internal Audit’sGIA’s work.

 

 

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Information policy

 

We provide regular information to our shareholders and to the financial community.

Financial results will be published as follows

 

First quarter 20122013 2 May 201230 April 2013
   
Second quarter 20122013 3130 July 20122013
   
Third quarter 20122013 3029 October 20122013
   

The Annual General Meeting of shareholders will take place as follows

 

20122013 32 May 20122013
   
20132014 27 May 20132014
   

We meet with institutional investors worldwide throughout the year and regularly hold results presentations, special investor seminars road shows, and individual and group meetings. Where possible, meetings involve senior management as well as deal-related and non-deal road shows. Meetings include members of the investor relations team.team and, where possible, senior management. We make use of diverse technologies such as webcasting, audio links and cross-location videoconferencingvideo-conferencing to widen our audience and maintain contact with shareholders around the world.

Once a year, unless they explicitly choose notRegistered shareholders may opt to registered shareholders receive a summary of our annual report inor review booklet, which reflects on specific 2012 initiatives and achievements of the form of a review booklet. Itfirm and provides an overview of the firm, our strategy as well as our activities during the year andas well as some key financial information. Each quarter, shareholders are mailedhave the option to receive a brief mailed update on our quarterly financial performance. Shareholders can also request our complete financial reports, produced on a quarterly and annual basis, free of charge.basis.

To ensure fair access to and dissemination of our financial information, weWe make our publications available to all shareholders simultaneously to ensure they have equal access to our financial information.

Shareholders can help us to achieve our environmental ambitions by opting to read our financial publications electronically through our Investor Relations website instead of taking delivery of printed copies. We have reviewed and shortened our distribution lists to internal and external stakeholders and reduced stocks, yielding significant annual savings in terms of both paper and costs. In addition, shareholders can change their subscription preferences at the same time.any time using our shareholder portal (www.ubs.com/shareholderportal).

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Refer towww.ubs.com/investorsfor a complete set of published reporting documents andaselection of senior management industry conference presentations

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Refer to the corporate calendar atwww.ubs.com/investorsfor future financial report publication and other key dates

Financial disclosure principles

Based on discussions with analysts, investors, regulators and investors,other stakeholders, we believe that the market rewards companies that provide clear, consistent and informative disclosure about their business. Therefore, we aim to communicate our strategy and results in a manner that allows shareholders and investorsstakeholders to gain an understanding of how our companyfirm works, what our growth prospects are and what risks our strategy and results might entail. Feedbackentails. We continually assess feedback from analysts and investors is continually assessed and, when we consider itwhere appropriate, reflectedreflect this in our quarterly and annual reports. To continue to achieveachieving these goals, we apply the following principles in our financial reporting and disclosure:

 

Transparencyin disclosure that enhances understanding of the economic drivers and builds trust and credibility

 

Consistencyin disclosure within each reporting period and between reporting periods

 

Simplicityin disclosure that allows readers to gain an understanding of the performance of our businesses

 

Relevancein disclosure avoidsthat prevents information overload by focusing on what is required by regulation or statute and what is relevant to our stakeholders

 

Best practicein line with industry norms,, leading the way to improved standards where possible

We endorse the work of the Enhanced Disclosure Task Force (EDTF) and the recommendations issued by the EDTF on 29 October 2012 in its report “Enhancing the Risk Disclosures of Banks.” Our Annual Report for 2011 contained disclosures consistent with many of the recommendations of the EDTF, including some referenced in their report as “leading practice.” We have incorporated further changes to our disclosures in our Annual Report for 2012 in light of these recommendations and will further enhance our Annual Report in 2013.

Financial reporting policies

We report our results after the end of every quarter, including a breakdown of results by business division and disclosures relating to risk management and control, capital, liquidity and funding management.

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared according to IFRSInternational Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

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Refer to “Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies” in the “Financial information” section of this report for a detailed explanation of the basis of UBS’s accounting

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We are committed to maintaining the transparency of our reported results and to ensuring that analysts and investors can make meaningful comparisons with previous periods. If there is a major reorganization of our business divisions, or if changes to accounting standards or interpretations lead to a material change in the Group’s reported results, our results are restated for previous periods, when required by applicable accounting standards, tostandards. These restatements show how theyresults would have been reported according to the new basis and provide clear explanations of all relevant changes.

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US regulatory disclosure requirements

As a “foreign private issuer”, we must file reports and other information, including certain financial reports, with the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) under the US federal securities laws. We file an annual report on Form 20-F, and submit our quarterly financial reports and other material information, including materials sent to shareholders in connection with Annual and Extraordinary General Meetings,shareholders’ meetings, under cover of Form 6-K to the SEC. These reports are all available atwww.ubs.com/investors and also on the SEC’s websiteatwww.sec.gov. www.sec.gov.

An evaluation was carried out under the supervision of management including the Group Chief Executive Officer (Group CEO)CEO and the Group Chief Financial Officer (Group CFO),CFO, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15e) under the US Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Based upon that evaluation, the

Group CEO and Group CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were ineffectiveeffective as of 31 December 2011, solely because2012. No significant changes have been made to our internal controls or to other factors that could significantly affect these controls subsequent to the date of the deficiencies described in “Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting” in the “Financial Information” section of this report.their evaluation.

In accordance with Section 404 of the US Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. The financial statementsinformation of this report contain the management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of 31 December 2011.2012. The external auditors’ report on this assessment is also included in this report.

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Refer to the “Financial information” section of this report

 

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Corporate responsibility

Our firm’s commitment to corporate responsibility demands careful management of our relationships with our stakeholders. Our engagement with them makes a critical contribution to our understanding and management of topics relevant to our firm and to advancing our corporate responsibility strategy. In 2012, we directed our efforts at key societal topics, met key corporate responsibility objectives and delivered on our external corporate responsibility commitments to the benefit of our firm and its stakeholders.

The successful delivery of our corporate responsibility commitments and activities is founded on the firm conviction that, above all, our firm must conduct its business in a sustainable way. We have made good on this belief over the course of our 150-year history and have demonstrated resilience in the face of the many political, economic and regulatory changes and challenges that came to pass during this period. As shown in detail elsewhere in this report, 2012 was a milestone year for UBS in more ways than one. Historically, we celebrated the firm’s 150th anniversary together with clients and others around the globe. We continued to successfully execute our plans to improve our already strong capital position and reduce risk­weighted assets and costs. In October, from this position of strength, we announced a significant acceleration in the implementation of our strategy that will define the future of UBS.

We aim to conduct our business in a sustainable way by complying with all our policies, guidelines and procedures relating to

appropriate and responsible corporate behavior. Our definition of corporate responsibility encompasses the legal, ethical and social responsibilities that we as a company and as employees have towards our stakeholders. These responsibilities are reflected in our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics.

By adhering to this code, we demonstrate our commitment to being a responsible corporate institution and acting with integrity in all our interactions with our stakeholders. Proper implementation of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics contributes to the wider societal goal of sustainable development. Policies and guidelines as well as associated objectives related to this aspiration are guided and supervised at the highest level of our firm. We demonstrate accountability for our corporate responsibility commitments and activities at both Board of Directors (BoD) and Group Executive Board (GEB) level.

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Corporate responsibility

In 2011, we continued working towards meeting the demanding societal goals and commitments we have set ourselves, guided by our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the Code). While we undoubtedly faced significant challengesKey corporate responsibility developments in 2011, this has only served to strengthen our resolve to ensure that all our people at every level follow the Code unreservedly both in letter and spirit. By adhering to the Code, we demonstrate our desire to be a responsible corporate institution and to act with integrity in all our interactions with our stakeholders.2012

 

In 2011,2012, we continued to makesupport our clients in understanding key societal opportunities and challenges and acted as a trusted financial advisor on sustainability issues. We did so by expanding our comprehensive range of sustainability products and services, including impact investing, sustainable real estate funds, socially responsible investment products and advisory on sustainability challenges.

We have established a leading position in values-based investing and providing environmental, social and governance (ESG) research. In 2012, we demonstrated this, for example, through the global roll-out of our Investment Bank’s ESG Analyzer and through the honors we received in the annual Thomson Reuters Extel/UKSIF Socially Responsible Investing & Sustainability survey. Our firm’s efforts also received external recognition in the S&P Carbon Disclosure Project report.

We apply a robust framework to manage environmental and social risk in our businesses. In 2012, we continued to strengthen the implementation of key policies and standards, including our Position on Controversial Activities, supported by a sustained roll-out of training and awareness-raising activities for client-facing staff. In doing so, we were able to draw from an industry-leading environmental and social risk screening process, which we established through a successful collaboration between our risk and compliance functions in 2011.

Our compliance function is a significant contributor to ensuring that our corporate responsibility commitments are met and plays a key role in protecting our firm

from reputational, business or financial damage. At the same time, it makes a valuable and significant contribution to the fight against moneyfinancial crime, in particular by deploying our global sanctions, anti-money laundering and anti-bribery programs to deny rogue states, suspected criminals and terrorists access to the financial system via UBS or its products and services. A comprehensive legal and compliance risk assessment in 2011 did not identify any significant incidents of non-compliance with our anti-corruption policy and other regulations related to anti-corruption. Nonetheless, in 2012 an anti-corruption initiative was put in place to strengthen our defenses against corruption and terrorist financing (AML). We strengthened our management ofinvolving the firm.

Our environmental and social (including human rights) risks, intensified our sustainability-related business activities (notably via the further development of our values-based investing), and continued with the execution of our supply chain programrisk management and our investmentglobal sanctions, anti-money laundering and anti-bribery programs are important examples of the need for effective outreach and internal collaboration between our business divisions and external collaboration with our stakeholder community. In 2012, we once again demonstrated our commitment to engaging with various initiatives and partners to develop and, where appropriate, enhance our standards. We joined the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil as part of its “Banks & Investors” membership category. We also joined other organizations focused on topics of major relevance to society, including the European Venture Philanthropy Association and the World Demographic & Ageing Forum. We are among the thought leaders in community activities as well ascorporate responsibility in banking and participate actively in key international corporate responsibility initiatives. These include the Wolfsberg Group (on anti-money

laundering), the UN Principles for Responsible Investment (on responsible investing), the UN Global Compact and the UN Environment Program (UNEP) Finance Initiative.

Our long-standing involvement in the UNEP Finance Initiative reflects our in-housecommitment to managing our environmental footprint. Our worldwide environmental management program. As an illustration of the progress made regarding environmentalsystem covers in-house operations, risk management we have already reducedand products and services. In 2012, UBS successfully passed its ISO 14001 surveillance audit. We accomplished our global C0Group-wide CO2 emissions by 39% compared withemission reduction target of 40% below 2004 levels, and we are confident that we will very shortly meet our 40% reduction target for 2012.

We also strengthened senior management accountability in relation to particular corporate responsibility activities, most notably through the oversight provided by two Group Executive Board (GEB) Committees concerned with environmental and social risks and community investment. These, and other corporate responsibility developments at UBS, were monitored and reviewedas originally decided by the GEB in February 2006. In addition, we renewed our climate change strategy and are determined to prepare our clients for success in an increasingly carbon-constrained world.

Our well-established and vigorous community investment program formed an integral part of our firm’s 150th anniversary celebrations. UBS Corporate Responsibility Committee (CRC),Community Affairs teams around the world implemented an Employee Recognition Award, recognizing 150 UBS employees or teams of employees for their outstanding community involvement. In Switzerland, we launched a Boardmajor education initiative, consisting of Directors (BoD) Committee.six sub-projects centering on the UBS International Center of Economics in Society at the University of Zurich. This initiative will benefit the entire Swiss population notably by providing support to projects aimed at apprentices, young entrepreneurs, start-up companies and employees of all age groups.

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Refer towww.ubs.com/responsibilityformore information on the contents of this section

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Governance, strategy and commitments

Corporate responsibility governance

At UBS, theThe BoD is responsible for formulating our firm’s values and standards to ensureand ensuring we meet our obligations to all our stakeholders. Both the Chairman of the BoD and the Group Chief Executive Officer (Group CEO) play a key role in safeguarding our reputation and ensuring we communicate effectively with all our stakeholders.

All BoD Committeescommittees are focused on achieving our goal of creating sustainable value. Of the five BoD Committees,committees, the CRCCorporate Responsibility Committee shoulders the main undertaking for corporate responsibility. ItAs set out in the committee’s charter, the Corporate Responsibility Committee actively reviews and assesses how we meet the existing and evolving corporate responsibility expectations of our stakeholders. It also monitors and reviews our corporate responsibility policies and regulations, as well as the implementation of our corporate responsibility activities and commitments. Moreover, it regularly reviews the Code.Code of Business Conduct and Ethics. In 2011, no changes2012, an external review of this code, undertaken at the behest of the BoD, praised the high quality of the document. The reviewers proposed various minor modifications which were made tosubsequently implemented and a revised version of the Code as the CRC concluded that it continues to appropriately reflect the relevant commitments.of Business Conduct and Ethics was published.

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Refer towww.ubs.com/codeforacopy of the UBS Code of Business Conduct and Ethics

Corporate responsibility at UBS

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222è 


Refer to the Organization Regulations of UBS for the Charter of the Corporate governance, responsibility

and compensationResponsibility Committee

In 2011, BoD member2012, the Corporate Responsibility Committee continued to be chaired by Wolfgang Mayrhuber became chair of the CRC. In addition to the Chairperson, the CommitteeMayrhuber. The committee has threefour additional members, including the Chairman of the BoD. The committeeBoD, and is advised by a panel of seventen members ofmainly from the GEB, including the Group CEO and other senior managers.all regional CEOs. The members of the advisory panel participate in CRCCorporate Responsibility Committee meetings and are responsible for implementing its recommendations. The advisory panel’s membership also ensures that we benefitpanel benefits from a direct connectionconnections to operational corporateoperationalcorporate responsibility activities with, for instance,such as anti-money

laundering (through the membership of the Group Environmental Representative being a memberGeneral Counsel) and environmental & social risk management (through the membership of the panel.Group Chief Risk Officer, who also holds the role of Group Environmental Representative).

The GEB is responsible for the development and implementation of our Group and business division strategies, including strategiesthose pertaining to corporate responsibility. At, or directly below, GEB level there are various committees or boards concerned with tasks and activities relating to particular aspects of corporate responsibility.

In 2011,responsibility, including the Global Environmental & Social Risk Committee was established to address transactional and policy matters relating to environmental and social (including human rights) risks and associated reputational risks. The Committee is chaired by the Group Environmental Representative and includes five GEB members.Chief Risk Officer. Additionally, our Environmental & Human Rights Committee oversees the operational execution of UBS’s Environmental Policy and Statement on Human Rights. The Committee consists of senior environmental representatives drawn from each business division and is supported by dedicated functions.

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Refer towww.ubs.com/environmentfor more information on our environmental and human rights governance

OurThe GEB monitors our efforts to combat money laundering, corruption and terrorist financingfinancing. These efforts are led by the Head of Global AML (anti-money laundering) Compliance and supported by a network of expert global business teams. To enhance consistencyThe GEB also monitors the implementation of our diversity and cooperation between ourinclusion-related strategies and plans for each business divisions we are working to streamline our policies and processes, and to bolster the ways in which

we assess threats and risks within the business. We are determined to protect the firm and our reputation from those who would use UBS to legitimize illicit assets and we have put in place extensive and robust policies designed to prevent, detect and report money laundering, corruption and terrorist financing.

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Refer to the discussion on combating financial crime below for more information on our AML activities

division. Our global diversity and inclusion team supports senior management and Human Resources business partners in developing diversity and inclusion-related strategies and plans for each business division. The implementationthese plans. Our global head of these strategies and plans is monitored by the GEB. The global diversity team also coordinates efforts to integrate diversity and inclusion awareness and content into the Human Resources process. Regional diversity and inclusion heads, along with senior business managers, consider and design diversity and inclusion and business-aligned plans that are linked to regional and divisional business and talent strategies. Theyis also provide regional support for divisional management in assessinga member of the progress made on relevant diversity and inclusion objectives. Additionally, they support our numerous employee networks, including the development and coordination of diversity-related events, which support regional diversity and inclusion initiatives.Corporate Responsibility Committee’s advisory panel.

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Refer to the “Our employees” section of this report for more information on labor standards and diversity programs

Following a strategic review of UBS’s Community Affairs activities, the governance structure has been streamlined and given a more strategic focus with the creation of theThe Global Community Affairs Steering Committee is chaired by the Group CEO and composed of several members of our senior management. The Steering CommitteeThis GEB-level committee sets the overall strategic direction and aims of our community affairs. Furthermore, the CommitteeIn addition, it is ultimately re-

Our corporate responsibility governance process

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sponsibleresponsible for deciding ondetermining our response to worldwide disasters. Community activities are governed by a central framework based on our Group community affairs guidelines overseen by the Steering Committee. These guidelines are supplemented by additional regional guidelines, which are embedded in UBS’s regional structures. Each region has a dedicated Community Affairs team, which coordinates charitable commitments by the firm and our employees. The Corporate Center ensures global coordination of these activities and provides a central reporting structure to collect community investment data from across UBS as a whole. The Steering Committee reports to the CRC regarding the most important decisions on strategy and funding.

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Refer to the discussion on community investment below for more information on our charitable and related activities

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Corporate responsibility

Our commitment to responsible banking requires us to undertake regular and critical assessments of our policies and practices. This in turn requires the careful consideration and assessment of societal issues of potential relevance to UBS. With committees focused on corporate responsibility topics and issues both at BoD and GEB level, we demonstrate that we have firmly established responsibility for the oversight of this important and complex task at the highest level of the firm.

External commitments and initiatives

By incorporating environmental and social standards and conventionsWe are committed to engaging in external corporate responsibility initiatives. These support us in our business practices we benefit from participationefforts to advance in various external initiatives. These include the UN Global Compactareas that are already mandated by government and its local networkregulators as well as in Switzerland, the Wolfsberg Group, the UNEP Finance Initiative (UNEP Fl), the UN Principles for Responsible Investment, and the VfU (Association for Environmental Management and Sustainability in Financial Institutes).areas that, while still largely voluntary, are nonetheless of significance to strengthening our corporate responsibility agenda.

In June2012, UBS joined the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO), thereby reinforcing our commitment to responsible palm oil production. As part of the RSPO’s “Banks & Investors” membership category, UBS actively promotes RSPO in its business relationships in the palm oil sector, for example by requiring that our clients are members in good standing of the RSPO and by actively seeking to enhance certification of their palm oil production.

In May 2011, directly prior to the UN Human Rights Council endorsedUnited Nations’ endorsement of the Guiding Principles for the Implementation of the United Nations “Protect, Respect and Remedy” Framework on business and human rights (the Guiding Principles). The Guiding Principles provide a blueprint for companies to know and show that they respect human rights, and reduce the risk of causing or contributing to human rights harm. In May, directly prior to the UN’s endorsement of the Guiding Principles,, UBS convened a meeting in Thun, Switzerland, ofwith a number of universal banks (subsequently referred to as the Thun Group) to consider the Guiding Principles. During the meeting the Thun Group initiatedIn 2012, a process to interpret the Guiding Principles with specific reference to their application to the banking sector. A short statement on the Guiding Principles was released by this group at the UNEP Fl global sustainability roundtable in October 2011. Subsequently, a practical guidance tool, which setsdiscussion document setting out the challenges and best practice examples of operationalizing the Guiding Principles in universal banks has beenwas drafted and developed. Work is currently under discussion withinongoing in order to finalize the group.document.

External ratings, assurance and awards

Our performance and success in the area of sustainability is reflected in the key external ratings and rankings we have achieved. As one of the top 10 companies worldwide in the 2012 Carbon Disclosure Project, UBS was once again namedranked as an index component for the Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI) World, increasing our total DJSI score, and we are a member of the FTSE4Good index series. We have been a continuous member of both the DJSI World and the FTSE4Good since their inception.excellent in its measures to combat climate change.

We continue to beare included in the Carbon Performance Leadership Index, which is produced by the Carbon Disclosure Project. The IndexProject and features companies that have distinguished themselves through their efforts to reduce emissions and their strategies for combating climate

change. We are also represented in the Carbon Disclosure Leadership Index, figuringputting us among the companies which are setting the standards in reporting on the risks and opportunities arising for businesses in

connection with climate change. We are among the few financial sector companies represented in both Carbon Disclosure Project indices.

In 1999,We have been a member of the FTSE4Good index series since its inception and obtained a top ranking in 2012. We are, however, disappointed that we were removed from the first bankDow Jones Sustainability Index World (DJSI World). Our overall assessment had risen to obtain ISO 14001 certification76 points in 2011, a score we maintained throughout 2012, but as the benchmark was raised in 2012, we no longer qualified for our worldwide environmental management system. The management system covers all products, services and in-house operations which may have an environmental impact. It is audited annually and recertified every three years by SGS, a leading inspection, verification, testing and certification company. These comprehensive audits verify that appropriate policies and processes are in place to manage environmental issues, and that they are being implemented on a day-to-day basis. In 2011, UBS passed the extensive ISO 14001 recertification audit, which consisted of 17 audit days and involved 170 employees in six countries. SGS confirmed that we have a well-performing and fully integrated environmental management system that is suitable for managing environmental risks and helps to promote continuous improvements to our environmental performance.

We achieved a top-four ranking in each of the key rankings for brokerage firmsinclusion in the 2011index.

We received several honors in the 10th annual Thomson Reuters Extel and Re­uters Extel/UKSIF Socially Responsible Investing & Sustainability Survey: Socially Responsible Investment Research, Thematic Research, Corporate Governance Research, and Renewable Energy Research.

In the UK, we received two major accolades for our work in this field.Survey of over 500 investment professionals from 27 countries. We were named the leading brokerage firm for renewable energy research and our head of global sustainability research in the Investment Bank was honored as the leading brokerage individual for thematic research. UBS was ranked joint number onesecond in The Environment Agency’s new performance league table. This table ranks over 2,000 organizations according to early actions metrics that reflect the installation of smart meters,leading brokerage firm for thematic research and leading brokerage individual for renewable energy research categories, as well as to what degreethird in the organization has satisfied the requirements of the Carbon Trust Standardleading brokerage firm for good energy management. In December, UBSintegrated research on climate change and its Bridge Academy partnership (refer to the “Community investment” section below) won the UK Big Society Award established by the UK Prime Minister, David Cameron. Commenting on the award, the Prime Minister said: “The Bridge Academy is a brilliant example of business working with their local community to make a difference and create something really specialleading brokerage firm for their area. The innovative ideas, enthusiasm and skills of the UBS volunteers have had a clear impact on the Academy, inspiring students and helping them reach their potential.”SRI & sustainability overall categories.

Furthermore, we were ranked third in Lundquist’s CSR Online Awards Switzerland 2011,2012, maintaining our top threetop-three ranking for the thirdfourth consecutive year. The CSR Online AwardsThese awards consider how well a corporate website iswebsites are used as a platform for CSRcorporate social responsibility communications and stakeholder engagement.

Stakeholder dialogue

DialogueWe regularly engage with external parties is crucialour stakeholders on a wide range of topics, yielding important information on their expectations and concerns. This provides a critical contribution to our overall understanding and approachmanagement of issues relevant to corporate responsibility. our firm. Our relationships with stakeholders are multi-faceted and include major single interactions with large groups (e.g. the 2012 employee survey), regular communications throughout the year with representatives from a particular group (e.g. media), as well as dialogue meetings with single individuals (e.g. client enquiries).

In 2011,2012, we engaged with experts and stakeholders on a range of topics. These included discussions with investorsclients on a wide rangevalues-based investing, including those taking place at the 2012 UBS Philanthropy Forum. At the annual UBS Q-Series® conference, global thought leaders were joined by nearly 200 clients and investors. The conference featured 40 speakers from some of the world’s leading academic and business institutions, who identified inflection points – ranging from current environmental, social and governance (ESG)issues to the impact of changing dynamics – and discussed how these can affect a company’s business objectives and ultimate profitability.

Discussions with employees covered various sustainability topics, including energy. Working together with investors and rating agencies, we considered key environmental, social and governance topics such as climate change, while discussions with non-gov-

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ernmentalnongovernmental organizations focused on the subjects of deforestation, human rightsmining, controversial weapons, and climate change, particularly in relation to coal. In addition, we sought input from our employees regarding our corporate responsibility strategy and associated activities. An internal, cross-divisional and cross-regional network of

experts continues to play a particularly important role, with its members providing critical input on stakeholder expectations and concerns. These contributions are relayed back to the CRCCorporate Responsibility Committee and provide a very

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valuable addition to information gathered through other monitoring channels. To enhance further our provision of corporate responsibility information to

We believe it is crucial that we keep our stakeholders informed about our sustainability commitments and activities. To this end, we published ainclude sections in our Annual Report 2012 dedicated to “Corporate responsibility” and “Our employees”. The content of these sections, other relevant Annual Report text and data and information on the UBS Healthwebsite are reviewed by Ernst & Safety statement on our corporate responsibility website following a review of our health and safety activities and efforts. The statement demonstrates our long-standing commitmentYoung Ltd according to creating a work and business environment that safeguards the health and safety of employees, business partners and clients.Global Reporting Initiative’s Sustainability Reporting Guidelines.

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Refer to www.ubs.com/gri for more information

Training and awareness-raising

We actively engage in internal and external education and awareness-raising on corporate responsibility topics and issues. Through induction, education and broader awareness-raising activities we ensure that our employees are in no doubt as to the importance of our societal commitments. General information is published on our intranetin­tranet and on our corporate responsibility website. In 2011,2012, training and awareness-raising activities for all employees continued to focus onembrace the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, notably via the Leading UBS Forward program and through induction events for all new employees. Employees were also made aware of the firm’s corporate responsibility strategy and activities through other training and awareness raisingawareness-raising activities. Furthermore, some 19,300 employeesSome 4,514 employ­ees received training on environmental issues. Of these, 15,700issues, of which, 3,548 received a general education on our environmental policy and programs and 3,600966 participated in specialist training targeted within their area of expertise and influence. Employee speaker sessions, exhibitions and lunchtime training sessions have beenwere delivered in all regions alongside specific technical training for the regional environmental team.teams. Employees are also required to undergo regular refresher training in AML-relatedanti-money laundering-related issues. This includes online training, awareness campaigns and seminars.

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Refer to the “Education and talent development” section of this report for more information

ResponsibleCorporate responsibility in banking

We are focused on gaining and retaining the trust of all our stakeholders alongside our goal of generating sustainable earnings and creating long-term shareholder value. OurWe are aligned with the demands of our shareholders, clients, employees and society in general demand thatand our banking activities are undertaken in a responsible manner, andmanner. In addition, we are constantly striving to ensure that our products and services are best suited to the needs and requirements of our clients. Through our corporate responsibility efforts we demonstrate that we are not only listening to our stakeholders, but also aiming to be in an industry-leading position and constantly striving to meet their expectations.

Continuous improvement

Our commitment to responsible banking requires us to undertake a regular and critical assessment of our policies and practices. This, in turn, requires the careful consideration and assessment of societal

issues of potential relevance to UBS. With the Global Environmental & Social Risk Committee, a GEB-level Committee, and the CRC, a BoD-level Committee, we have demonstrated that we have firmly established responsibility for the oversight of this important and complex task at the highest level of the firm.

Combating financial crime

We will always act decisivelycontinue to prevent potentially irresponsible or harmful actions. First and foremost, this means that our employees must uphold the law, adhere to relevant regulations, and behave in a responsible and principled manner.

We continue tofurther strengthen our efforts to both prevent and combat financial crime. By taking responsibility to preserve the integrity of the financial system, and our own operations, we are committedOur commitment to assisting in the fight against money laundering, corruption and terrorist financing.financing is

illustrated by the way we take responsibility in our own operations for preserving the integrity of the financial system. We employ a rigorous risk-based approach to ensure our policies and procedures are able to detect risks and that relationships which are classified as higher risk are dealt with appropriately. We adhere to strict know-your-clientsknow-your-client regulations but without undermining clients’ legitimate right to privacy. Ongoing due diligence and monitoring, assists in the identification of suspicious activities, including the use of advanced technology to help identify transaction patterns or unusual dealings.dealings, assists in the identification of suspicious activities. If suspicious activities are discovered, they are promptly escalated to management or control functions.

During 2011,2012, Global AML (anti-money laundering) Compliance worked closely with the Environmental and Social Risk group to develop and introduce new and more effective ways to screen potential business partners, vendors and clients in respect of anywith regards to potential issue regardingissues relating to environmental and social risk.

In 2011, all business divisions were required to perform a legal and compliance risk assessment. This comprehensive process, which included an assessment of corruption, sanction and anti-money laundering risks, is also forward-looking with follow-up actions to highlight the priorities and objectives for each business division. This risk assessment did not identify any significant incidents of non-compliance with our anti-corruption policy and other anti-corruption regulations. Nonetheless, in 2012 an anti-corruption initiative was put in place to strengthen our defenses against corruption.

As part of our extensive and ongoing efforts to prevent money laundering, corruption and terrorist financing, additionalour internal global anti-money laundering policies were reviewed in 2011 and enhancements to address more specific risks in relation to corruption and terrorist financing were implemented globally during 2011.globally. We have also reviewed and amended our approach to controversial weapons in order to comply with the Swiss law that came into effect on 1 February 2013. This law implements the Oslo Convention ban on the use, stockpiling, production and transfer of cluster munitions and the ban on the use, stockpiling, production and transfer of anti-personnel mines and on their destruction.

We are a founding member of the Wolfsberg Group, an association of 11 global banks established in 2000 which aims to develop financial services industry standards and related products for Know-Your-Customer, Anti-Money Laundering and Counter Terrorist Financing policies. The Group continues to update its existing

Our environmental policy

 

LOGOLOGO

 

 

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publicationsfor know-your-client, anti-money laundering and a revised version of the Trade Finance Principles and Anti-Corruption Guidance was published in 2011.counter-terrorist financing policies. Together with the other members of the Group,group, we continue to work closely with the Financial Action Task Force, an inter-governmental body that develops and promotes national and international policies to combat money laundering and terrorist financing through consultation processes with the private sector.

We will always act decisively to prevent potentially irresponsible or harmful actions by individuals. First and foremost, this means that our employees must uphold the law, adhere to relevant regulations, and behave in a responsible and principled manner. To this effect, our business processes and control mechanisms are constantly reviewed to enhance our prevention capabilities.

Managing environmental and social risks across UBS

UBS applies a risk framework to all transactions, products, services and activities in order to identify, assess and manage environmental and social risks. Environmental and social (including human rights) risks are broadly defined as the possibility thatof UBS is harmed reputationallysuffering reputational or financially as a result offinancial harm from transactions, products, services or activities such as lending, capital raising, advisory services or investments that involve a party associated with environmentally or socially sensitive activities, or exposed to risks such as environmental liabilities, human rights infringements or changes in environmental regulations.activities. For products, services and activities identified as having significant environmental and social risk potential, procedures and tools for the timely identification, assessment, approvalescalation and monitoring of such risks are applied and integrated into standard risk, compliance and operations processes.

 

Client onboarding:on-boarding or conflict clearance: new corporate clients are assessed for environmental and social risks associated with their business activitiesactivities.

 

Transaction due diligence: before proceeding with a transaction, environmental and social risks are identified and analyzed as part of standard transaction due diligence processesprocesses.

Product development: new financial products and services are reviewed before launch to assess their compatibility and consistency with UBS’s environmental and human rights principles.

Supply chain management: prior to any new or renewed contract being awarded, standardized checks are completed to assess supplier- and commodity-specific environmental, labor and human rights risks.

 

In-house environmental management: our operational activities and employees, (oror contractors working on UBS premises)premises, are assessed for compliance with relevant environmental and labor rights regulationsregulations.

Supply chain management: prior to any new or renewed con tract being awarded, standardized checks are completed to assess supplier and commodity specific environmental, labor and human rights risks

Some of our clients operate in sectors characterized by ongoingBusiness or control functions are responsible for identifying and assessing environmental and social challenges.risks as part of the client, supplier or transaction due diligence process. Where these functions determine the existence of potential material risk, they refer the client, supplier or transaction to a specialized environmental and social risk unit for enhanced due diligence. To support the consistent identification and assessment of such risks, we developed internal industry sector guidelines in 2009. These guidelines adopted by each of our business divisions in their transactional and client due diligence processes, provide an overview of key environmental and human rights issues that arise in the various life cycles of the sector, and summarize industry standards in dealing with them. The guidelines currently cover six sectors: chemicals; forestry products and biofuels; infrastructure; metals and mining; oil and gas,gas; and utilities. If identified risks are determined to create significant potential reputational risk, they are escalated for approval to senior management, at divisional, regional, or group level, depending on the significance of the risk.

In 2011, we strengthened furtherour environmental and social (including human rights) risks framework by defining controversial activities that we will not engage in, or will only engage in under stringent pre-established guidelines.

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Refer to the “UBS position on relationships with clients and suppliers associated with controversial activities” section below for more information

Environmental and social risk assessments 

 

  

 

   For the year ended   % change from 
    GRI1   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.11 
Cases referred to environmental and social risk functions2   FS2     1,039     416     194     150  
                          
by region          
                          

Americas

   FS2     288     111     48     159  
                          

Asia Pacific

   FS2     222     136     84     63  
                          

Europe, Middle East and Africa

   FS2     225     119     32     89  
                          

Switzerland

   FS2     304     50     30     508  
                          
by business division          
                          

Investment Bank

   FS2     533     330     147     62  
                          

Wealth Management

   FS2     157     59     20     166  
                          

Retail & Corporate

   FS2     223     22     24     914  
                          

Wealth Management Americas

   FS2     5     5     3     0  
                          

Global Asset Management

   FS2     12     n / a     n / a     n / a  
                          

Corporate Center3

   FS2     109     n / a     n / a     n / a  
                          

1  Global Reporting Initiative (see also www.globalreporting.org). FS stands for the Performance Indicators defined in the GRI Financial Services Sector Supplement.2  Transactions and onboarding requests referred to and assessed by environmental and social risk functions.3 Relates to procurement / sourcing of products and services.

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Corporate governance, responsibility

and compensation

Clients, transactions or suppliers potentially in breach of UBS’s position, or otherwise subject to significant environmental and human rights controversies, are identified as part of UBS’s know-your-client compliance processes. This was made possible by integrating advanced data analytics on companies associated with such risks into the web-based compliance tool used by UBS staff before they enter into a client or supplier relationship, or a transaction. The systematic nature of this tool vastly enhances our ability to identify potential reputational risk, and is evidenced by the increasing number of cases referred for assessment to our environmental and social risk units in 2012.

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Refer to the “Environmental and social risk assessments” table above for more information

Sustainable products and services

By integrating environmental and social considerations into our advisory, research, investment, finance and ownership processes across all our businesses, we provide financial products and services which help our clients benefit from environmentally and socially related business opportunities.

Investment advisory

UBS offers investment advisory services for wealth management (including human rights)clients helping them to consider the potential social and environmental impacts of their investments as well as the potential financial returns when selecting an investment opportunity. Our

philanthropy and sustainable investing teams have continued to develop the holistic service offered within our wealth management business. These teams provide thought leadership, advice, products and solutions to existing and prospective private clients who wish to make investments in accordance with their own personal values. These services also extend to aiding philanthropic or investment decisions intended to effect positive change. For example, UBS Portfolio Screening Services help Wealth Management clients align their portfolios to their sustainability values by executingassessing client portfolios using specific sustainability criteria. Based on increased interest among our clients, we screened CHF 1.2 billion of client assets in 2012. In 2012, we also developed a prototype UBS Sustainability Health Check which highlights any discrepancies between clients’ sustainability preferences and the “UBSactual composition of their portfolio. We plan to develop this advisory service in 2013 with planned roll out to clients in 2014. Also in 2012, the Arbor Group within Wealth Management Americas established a new program by which UBS donates a portion of their standard management fee to the Conservation Agreement Fund for all interested investors. Our services also include

mission-related investing for donor­advised funds and private foundations

sustainable portfolio management, such as mandate solutions and separately managed accounts for private clients and institutions with a strong focus on sustainability across all asset classes

UBS position on relationships with clients and suppliers associated with controversial activities” that was published in January. activities

This position stipulates activities that we will not engage in, or will only engage in under stringent pre-established guidelines. We will not knowingly provide financial services to corporate clients, nor will weor purchase goods or services from suppliers, where the use of proceeds or primary business activity of the client, supplier or acquisition target involves the following environmental and social risks:risks, defined as follows:

Extractive industries, heavy infrastructure, forestry and plantations operations that risk severe environmental damage to or through:

 

endangered species of wild flora and fauna listed in Appendix 1 of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species;Species

 

high conservation valuehigh-conservation-value forests as defined by the six categories of the Forest Stewardship Council;Council

 

illegal use of fire: uncontrolled and/and / or illegal use of fire for land clearance;clearance

 

illegal logging, including the purchase of illegalillegally harvested timber (logs or roundwood);

 

palm oil production unless a member in good standing of the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil and actively seeking to enhance certification of its production;production

 

wetlands:wetlands on the RAMSAR list; andRamsar List of Wetlands of International Importance

 

world heritage sites as classified by UNESCO.the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

Managing environmental and social risks

 

  

 

   For the year ended   % change from 
    GRI1   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.10 
Environmental and social risk assessments2   FS2     416     194     93     114  
                          
Requests by region          
                          

Americas

   FS2     111     48     20     131  
                          

Asia Pacific

   FS2     136     84     32     62  
                          

Europe, Middle East and Africa

   FS2     119     32     20     272  
                          

Switzerland

   FS2     50     30     21     67  
                          
Requests by business division2          
                          

Investment Bank

   FS2     330     147     69     124  
                          

Wealth Management &Swiss Bank

   FS2     81     44     24     84  
                          

Wealth Management Americas

   FS2     5     3     n/a     67  
                          

1  Global Reporting Initiative (see also www.globalreporting.org). FS stands for the performance indicators defined in the GRI Financial Services Sector Supplement.2 Transactions and onboarding requests referred to environmental and social risk functions.

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Corporate governance, responsibility

and compensation

All commercial activities that:

 

engage in child labor: according to ILOlabor as defined by the International Labor Organization’s Conventions 138 (minimum age) and 182 (worst forms);

 

engage in forced labor: according to ILOlabor as defined by the International Labor Organization’s Convention 29;29

 

threaten indigenous peoples’ rights in accordance with IFCas defined by the International Finance Corporation’s Performance Standard 7; and7

 

engage in diamond mining and trading of rough diamonds unless Kimberley Process certified.Process-certified

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Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

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managed accounts with environmental, social and governance criteria (sourced from third-party data provider MSCI) embedded into private clients’ fundamental investment process, enabling them to identify and exclude securities based on issue-oriented screens (offered in the US).

We also require enhanced due diligence and approval processes in certain other areas, such as coal mining practices that use mountain top removalFor institutional clients, Global Asset Management offers customized portfolios in the US Appalachian Mountains as an extraction method. As part of this review, we assess to what extent companies rely on mountain top removal mining for their revenue generation, and we need to be satisfied that the client is committed to reducing its exposure to this form of mining over time.

Following the execution of our position on relationships with clients and suppliers associated with controversial activities by the business divisions, the number of cases referred for assessment to the environmental and social risk units in 2011 more than doubled as shown by the table “Managing environmental and social risks” on the previous page.

Environmental and social business opportunities

Equally as important as managing environmental and social risks is providing financial products and services which help our clients manage their environmentally and socially related business opportunities. We seek to help investors benefit from such opportunities by integrating environmental and social considerations, where relevant, in our investment, research, ownership and financing processes. This applies across our businesses in asset management, wealth management, retail and corporate banking and investment banking. It includes funds, research and advisory services provided to privatesegregated mandates and institutional accounts that allow clients access to define and exclude certain controversial stocks or sectors due to their perceived social or environmental impact.

Research

UBS produces award-wining research into the world’s capital markets for renewable energy firms and, in Switzerland, “eco” mortgages.

Investment products and advisory

Takingimpact of environmental, social and governance (ESG)issues on sectors and companies. Our specialized teams have published research regularly into topics that will shape our future, including climate change, energy efficiency, resource scarcity and demographics. Our experience and sector knowledge helps us to determine what is material by raising questions about the effect environmental, social and governance issues are having on the competitive landscape for the global sectors we cover as well as about how companies are affected in relative terms. Increasing client demand for integrating sustainability issues into accountfundamental investment analysis, in investment processesa systematic manner, is becomingreflected in our publications and client conferences:

Our UBS Q-series® reports focus on thought-provoking discussions on pivotal investment questions, and on making clear investment conclusions, leading to a firm-wide drive for more thoughtful, proprietary and valuable research. Examples of Q-series® reports published in 2012 include “Global Pharmaceuticals – Will vaccines transform pharma growth?”, “Global Marine Sector: Is green shipping just a storm in a teacup?” and “What is ‘Integrated Reporting’? – How good disclosure connects to value”.

The Investment Bank’s UBS Q-series® ESG Analyzer seeks to answer one of the most frequently asked questions in the field of sustainability, namely which environmental, social and governance issues are material in the context of a typical investment portfolio? The ESG Analyzer identifies top-positioned stocks for sustainability themes and identifies environmental, social and governance issues in more than 30 sectors and across close to 500 stocks. This comprehensive view is made possible by the input of more than 80 UBS sector analysts worldwide.

The Investment Bank hosted the UBS Q-series® conference, which this year focused on “Inflection Points Towards Sustainability” and joined global thought leaders with nearly 200 clients and investors. The Investment Bank also hosted the UBS European Conference “Sustainability Track”, which featured sessions on food provision and on corporate governance.

In 2012, one of the flagship publications of UBS Wealth Management, UBS research focus (“Investing in the future with energy”), discussed how sustainable energy sources are increasing in importance and identified the key implications of

this trend for private investors. Sustainable investment topics are also covered in the UBS CIO Monthly Letter, which is available in ten languages.

We also offer our bundled expertise for example in summits for family offices and young successors where clients can meet our experts from all businesses across the firm, including research, advisory and investment.

Our outreach and dialogue programs include a partnership with the Smith School of increasing interestEnterprise and the Environment at the University of Oxford, with which UBS hosts a series of events, open to both UBS clients and consultants acrossemployees, and feature thought leaders from around the globe. Sir David King, who was the founding director of the Smith School, is a Senior Scientific Advisor to UBS and, in this capacity, advises UBS’s clients on all of our investment areas. Since 2009, scientific matters with specific emphasis on climate change and the challenges it poses to sustainable economic growth.

Investment products

Global Asset Management is committed to environmental, social and governance integration and has demonstrated commitment to ESG integration asbeen a signatory to the UN Principles for Responsible Investment. TheInvestment since 2009. These Principles provide a voluntary framework byaccording to which all investors can incorporate ESGenvironmental, social and governance issues into their decision-making and ownership practices to betterand align their objectives with those of society at large.

A dedicated Sustainable & Responsible Investment (SRI) team within    Global Asset Management offers a wide range of products to their institutional clients, including thematic SRIsustainable investment funds which are focusedthat integrate material sustainability factors with a rigorous fundamental investment process. Their focus is on innovative companies, thatreferred to as sustainability champions, which provide solutions to sustainability challenges. Our investment themes include energy savings, environment, social and health care and demographics. Our objective is to identify winning sustainable business models at attractive valuations, providing our investors with strong excess returns. We also manage four Exchange Traded Funds which track MSCI’s Socially Responsible Indices and are listed on the challenges of climate change, water scarcity and demographic change. They offer a range of products focusing on each individual themeDeutsche Börse (Xetra), SIX Swiss Exchange and the London Stock Exchange.

    Global Asset Management launched UBS (Lux) Equity Fund Global Innovators, which spans all three themes. In 2011, UBS broke new ground by listing four exchange-traded funds (ETF) onClean Energy Infrastructure Switzerland at the German Stock Exchange that track sustainability leaders identified by socially responsible indices, such as the new MSCI ESG Indices. Additionally, the teamend of 2012. This investment solution for institutional investors offers customized client portfoliosunprecedented access to a diversified portfolio of Swiss infrastructure facilities and companies in the formfield of segregated mandates/renewable energies and energy efficiency. By the first closing date for subscriptions, on 31 December 2012, capital commitments had reached some CHF 250 million from 18 institutional accounts based on “negative” screening, which exclude certain controversial stocks or sectors based on their negative social or environmental impact, as perceived by the client. Our global platform and investment research capabilities enable us to offer such tailor-made solutions.investors.

Furthermore, Global Asset Management’s Global Real Estate business has defined and implemented a Sustainability and Responsible Property Investment strategy for its real estate products and mandates. As a responsible property investor, the financial objectives of clients remain the primary focus, but we also consider long-term social and environmental aspects.

In 2011, combined teams from philanthropy and values-based investing (VBI) and sustainable investing developed further our

Socially responsible investments (SRI) invested assets1

  

 

Socially responsible investments are products that
consider environmental, social or ethical criteria
alongside financial returns. SRI can take various forms,
including positive screening, exclusion or engagement.

 

Positive criteria apply to the active selection of
companies, focusing on how a company’s strategies,
processes and products impact its financial success, the
environment and society. This includes best-in-class or
thematic investments.

 

Exclusion criteria one or several sectors are excluded
based on environmental, social or ethical criteria, for
example, companies involved in weapons, tobacco,
gambling, or companies with high negative
environmental impacts. This also includes faith-based
investing consistent with principles and values of a
particular religion.

  

 

  

 

 As of   % change
from
    
CHF billion, except where indicated  GRI2  31.12.11    31.12.10     31.12.09     31.12.10    
UBS total invested assets     2,167    2,152     2,233     1    
UBS SRI products and mandates                       

positive criteria

  FS11  1.84    2.00     2.72     (8)    

positive criteria/RPI3

  FS11  28.19    na     na     na    

exclusion criteria4

  FS11  27.46    21.27     22.44     29    

exclusion criteria/policy-based restrictions5

  FS11  181.49    na     na     na    
Third-party6  FS11  2.59    2.40     1.69     8    
Total SRI invested assets  FS11  241.577   25.67     26.85     841    
Proportion of total invested assets (%)8     11.15    1.19     1.20         

1  The terms Socially Responsible Investing and Values-Based Investing are used interchangeably. All figures are based on the level of knowledge as of January 2012.2  FS stands for the performance indicators defined in the Global Reporting Initiative Financial Services Sector Supplement.3 Responsible Property Investment (RPI) strategy.4  Includes customized screening services (single or multiple exclusion criteria).5  Assets subject to restrictions under UBS policy on the prohibition of investments in companies related to anti-personnel mines and cluster munitions.6  SRI products from third-party providers apply either positive and exclusion criteria or a combination thereof.7  Due to adjustments in the reporting boundaries, 78.3% of reported assets have newly been included in 2011.8  Total SRI/UBS’s invested assets.

          

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holistic service offering in our wealth management businesses. These teams provide thought leadership, advice, products and solutions to assist our private clients and prospects who wish to invest all or part of their portfolio according to their values and investment objectives and want to deliver positive change through their philanthropy and investments. These services include sustainability-focused alternatives to conventional products, mission-related investing for donor-advised funds and private foundations. They also include values-based portfolio management, such as mandate solutions for private clients with a strong focus on sustainability across all asset classes, portfolio review and proposals for the integration of sustainability into stock or bond selection. In the US, this offering also includes managed accounts where ESG criteria are embedded into the fundamental investment process, or where clients have the ability to identify and exclude securities from ownership based on issue-oriented screens. This allows our private clients to customize mandates to their particular social policy criteria.

In response to increased client demand we have expanded our own offering and, through    Through our open architecture, we canalso offer our wealth management clients the chanceopportunity to invest in SRI bonds, equity and microfinance products from leading third-party providers. The table “Sociallysocially responsible investments (SRI) invested assets” on the previous page shows that, as of 31 December 2011, our total SRI/VBI invested assets were CHF 241.57 billion, representing 11.2% of our total invested assets. The increase in our reported SRI/VBI invested assets in 2011 is largely due to the expansion of our SRI/VBI reporting framework, which now includes products subject to our Sustainability and Responsible Property Investment strategy. It also includes assets subject to restrictions under the UBS policy on the prohibition of investments in companies related to anti-personnel mines and cluster munitions, which applies to actively managed retail and institutional funds domiciled in Switzerland, Luxembourg and Ireland.

Research

Client interest in ESG issues has grown and, correspondingly, so has our research coverage in this area. Specialized research teams focus on a range of ESG issues, with a view to understanding what impact developing trends such as climate change/energy efficiency, water scarcity, demographics, and other potential environmental and social constraints might have upon the sectors and companies covered by our analysts. They collaborate closely with other teams to write about emerging themes and relevant research content is regularly published by a growing number of mainstream analysts. Specialized teams have been established within each of our business divisions to serve their respective clients.

    The ESG Analyzer is an Investment Bank publication that helps clients take ESG issues into consideration at every stage of the investment process. The ESG Analyzer was published several times during 2011, but was only available for Europe and South Africa. As a result of client demand, we now plan to make the Analyzer available for other regions starting in 2012. The Q-series® reports focus on thought-provoking

discussions, leading to a firm-wide drive for more thoughtful, proprietary and valuable research. The report “Q-series®: Water Risks to Business” achieved the second-highest readership of any UBS Equity Research publication in 2011. Additionally, during the year the Investment Bank hosted both the annual UBS SRI Conference, which was focused primarily on sustainable supply chains, and the UBS Q-series® Sustainable Innovation Conference.

Wealth Management Research published a paper on Impact Investing, a new investment philosophy that is attracting interest from our clients. Reports under the “Greentech” label covered investment ideas such as electric cars (more efficient cars and better battery technology) and energy efficiency (smart grids, LED, the future of energy). Furthermore, the Wealth Management & Swiss Bank research magazine “UBS outlook on energy” included an analysis of renewable forms of energy.

Clients also benefited from a series of bulletins from our senior scientific advisor, Sir David King, director of the Smith School of Enterprise and Environment at the University of Oxford and formerly the UK Government’s Chief Scientific Advisor and Head of the Government Office of Science. These bulletins provided clients with an insight into a variety of current topics, including bio-fuels and actions various countries were taking in relation to climate change.

Engagement and voting rights

We believe that voting rights have an economic value and should be treated accordingly. Global Asset Management, wherever appropriate, seeks to influence the corporate responsibility and corporate governance practices of the companies it invests in. Where we have been given the discretion to vote on behalf of our clients, we will exercise our delegated fiduciary responsibility by voting in a manner we believe will be most favorable to the value of their investments. We are strongly supportive of the Stewardship Code published by the UK Financial Reporting Council in 2010. This aims to enhance the quality of engagement between institutional investors and companies. Good corporate governance should, in the long term, result in better corporate performance and improved shareholder value. As such, we expect board members of companies in which we have invested to act in the best interests of their shareholders, and to view themselves as stewards of the company by exercising appropriate judgment and by undertaking diligent oversight of the management of the company. In 2011, we voted on more than 48,000 separate resolutions at over 4,600 company meetings. In addition, we are active members of a number of shareholder bodies and are keen to work with like-minded shareholders.

    Since 2010, Global Asset Management in Switzerland has offered UBS Voice, a free service enabling holders of Swiss institutional funds to express voting preferences ahead of the shareholders’ meeting of major Swiss corporations. This allows additional shareholder input into the voting decisions of the funds’ management company.

The Global Asset Management SRI team in Switzerland engages in dialogue with companies represented in the SRI funds they manage. The analysts and portfolio managers provide posi-

 

 

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and compensation

 

tiveinvestment bonds, equity and negative feedback on relevant ESG issues that may impact investment performance. Thismicrofinance products from leading third-party providers. As of 31 December 2012, invested assets held in socially responsible investments (SRI) totaled USD 253.73 billion, representing 11.38% of our total invested assets. The increase in our reported SRI invested assets in 2012 is carried out as partlargely due to growing demand for screening services and the expansion of the regular communication process with corporate management teams. When controversial information on a company’s environmental or social performance is received, the SRI analysts contact the companySustainability and provide management with a chanceResponsible Property Investment strategy to demonstrate what measures have been taken to resolve the issues. If the company can demonstrate how it is dealing with the problem,an increased number of investment funds.

è

Refer to the “Socially responsible investments invested assets” table below for more information

Corporate and what progress has already been achieved, an investment is possible. These engagement activities are applied to SRI funds in addition to the positive screening processes.

Renewable energy and clean technology financingprivate clients finance and advisory

In 2010, we created the Renewable Energy & Clean Technology team (RE&CT) within our Investment Bank to focus our efforts and build upon our successes in this important sector. RE&CT, which includes five senior employees from four continents,UBS provides capital raising and strategic advisory services to renewable energy and clean technology companies globally, including those in the solar, wind, energy efficiency, biofuels and renewable chemicals sectors.

Our Renewable Energy & Clean Technology team (RE&CT) within the Investment Bank includes senior employees on four continents. In 2011, our global RE&CT2012, the team raised approximately USD 2.65.7 billion from fourteen equity and debt12 transactions, and advised on seven deals,further establishing RE&CT as one of the leading clean technology practices globally. Recent transactions includeTransactions we supported included the USD 123350 million initial public offering (IPO) of Gevo,Borregaard SA – the first successfulinternationally book-run IPO in next-generation biochemicalthe Nordic region since May 2011 – and advanced bio-fuels, the USD 220 million convertible bond transaction for GT Solar, which was the largest offering of its kind for a solar company in 2012. We also supported the USD 319 million H share IPO of BYD Company,Huadian Fuxin – the largest A-sharethird-largest IPO in the renewable energy sectorHong Kong in 2011,2012 – and the USD 16272 million IPO of KiOR,Renewable Energy Group, which is the largest market cap of any pre-revenue clean technology company upon IPO.independent biodiesel producer in the United States.

Carbon trading

In cap and trade emissions markets, such as the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS), companies have annual caps on the amount of emissions their facilities are allowed to produce. Companies that are able to reduce their emissions below their cap can sell their unused quota to other entities, thereby creating an emissions market. Through the use of financial instruments, we are

able to help our clients manage their exposure to the emissions markets. UBS Exchange Traded Derivatives is an active member of the major emission exchanges in Europe and North America, and offers execution and full service clearing for contracts on EU ETS allowances, UN Certified Emissions Reductions, Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative allowances, and permits for nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide.

In Switzerland, our home market, we reward energy-efficient renovations and support the goals of the Swiss nationwide building efficiency program. Our Swiss private clients benefit from the UBS “eco” Mortgage when building energy-efficient homes and a cash benefit (funded by proceeds from the Swiss CO2 levy refund) when renovating their homes sustainably.

From 2013 onward, we will incentivize Swiss SMEs to save energy by promoting the Swiss Energy Agency’s SME Model. Clients will profit from the “Energy check-up for SMEs” at reduced costs and, in addition, we will offer a cash premium to clients who commit to an energy reduction plan within this scheme.

Voting rights

We believe that voting rights have economic value and should be treated accordingly. Where Global Asset Management has been given the discretion to vote on behalf of our clients, we will exercise our delegated fiduciary responsibility by voting in the manner we believe will be most favorable to the value of their investments. We are strongly supportive of the Stewardship Code published by the Financial Reporting Council of the United Kingdom in 2010. This aims to enhance engagement between institutional investors and companies. Good corporate governance should, in the long term, lead towards both better corporate performance and improved value for shareholders and other stakeholders. In 2012, we voted on more than 59,000 separate resolutions at 5,945 company meetings. Our approach to corporate governance is an active one and is integral to our investment process. We are an active member of a number of collaborative shareholder bodies.

Socially responsible investments invested assets1

  

 

Socially responsible investments (SRI) are products that
consider environmental, social or ethical criteria
alongside financial returns. SRI can take various forms,
including positive screening, exclusion or engagement.

 

Positive criteria apply to the active selection of
companies, focusing on how a company’s strategies,
processes and products impact its financial success, the
environment and society. This includes best-in-class or
thematic investments.

 

Exclusion criteria one or several sectors are excluded
based on environmental, social or ethical criteria, for
example, companies involved in weapons, tobacco or
gambling, or companies with high negative
environmental impacts. This also includes faith-based
investing consistent with principles and values of a
particular religion.

  

 

  

 

   For the year ended   % change
from
   
CHF billion, except where indicated  GRI2   31.12.12   31.12.11  31.12.10   31.12.11   
UBS total invested assets        2,230     2,167    2,152     3    
UBS SRI products and mandates                          

positive criteria

   FS11     1.60     1.84    2.00     (13  

positive criteria / RPI

   FS11     32.15     28.19    na     14    

exclusion criteria3

   FS11     35.68     27.46    21.27     30    

exclusion criteria / policy-based restrictions4

   FS11     181.64     180.856   na     0    
Third-party5   FS11     2.66     2.58    2.40     3    
Total SRI invested assets   FS11     253.73     240.92    25.67     5    
Proportion of total invested assets (%)7        11.38     11.12    1.19         

1  All figures are based on the level of knowledge as of January 2013.2  FS stands for the performance indicators defined in the Global Reporting Initiative Financial Services Sector Supplement.3  Includes customized screening services (single or multiple exclusion criteria).4  Assets subject to restrictions under UBS policy on the prohibition of investments in companies related to anti-personnel mines and cluster munitions.5  SRI products from third-party providers apply either positive and exclusion criteria or a combination thereof.6  Invested assets subject to policy-based restrictions in 2011 has been restated.7  Total SRI / UBS’s invested assets.

         

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Corporate responsibility

LOGO

Since 2010, Global Asset Management in Switzerland has offered UBS Voice, a free service enabling holders of Swiss institutional funds to express voting preferences ahead of shareholders’ meetings of major Swiss corporations. This allows additional shareholder input into the voting decisions of the funds’ management company. More than 40% of invested assets for which UBS Voice is offered participate in this service.

Corporate responsibility in operations

Our operational targets continue to focus on the directReducing our environmental impact

We have been managing our internal environmental impact offor decades. Since the firm, including energy, paper, waste and water. Having deployed a new carbon reporting system and rolled out training to our local, regional and global specialists,1970s, we have enhanced furtherfocused on improving energy efficiency, reducing consumption of paper and other resources, actively managing waste volumes and encouraging our employees to replace air travel with more sustainable options. We manage the quality ofUBS Environmental Program through an Environmental Management System in accordance with ISO 14001 and have greenhouse gas emissions data capture (verifiedexternally verified according to ISO 14064) and increased the speed with which management information can be released.14064 standards.

Climate change strategy

Environmental andIn 2006, the GEB endorsed a firm-wide CO2 footprints

We have a direct impact on the environment in a number of ways: our businesses consume electricity, notably through our IT systems, and fossil fuels; employees travel, use paper and generate waste in the course of their work; and offices require heating and comfort cooling systems. Improving the ways we use these resources can both reduce our operational costs and improve our environmental performance. Therefore, we have put in place a series of measures to efficiently manage our environmental impact.

Climate change strategy and emission reduction

In February 2006, the GEB decided to establish a Group-wide CO2emission reduction target of 40% below 2004 levels by 2012. We seek to achieve2012 which was achieved in the reporting year. Steps taken towards achieving this target byincluded adopting in-house energyinternal efficiency measures, that reduce the energy consumption of our buildings while increasing the proportion of renewable energy used. This limitsused and offsetting emissions at source. Emissions thatwe cannot be reduced by other means (e.g.avoid, such as business air travel) are offset. Astravel.

We have set a result, we have reduced furthernew target as part of our 2011renewed climate change strategy and will aim to reduce our CO2 emissions withby a further 15% by 2016, resulting in an overall global reduction of 39%50% below 2004 levels, and we are close to achieving our targets for 2012.levels.

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Refer to “Our climate change commitment” in this section of the report for more information

Energy consumption and efficiency

Energy consumption has a significant environmental impact and is the biggest contributor to our overall greenhouse gas emissions. In line withSince baseline year 2009, we have reduced our wider business strategy, improvements in energy efficiency have helped to reduce both emissions and costs. Our energy consumption is down 14% onby 21%. This reduction comes as the baseline yearresult of, 2009 through a combinationfor example, engineering teams ensuring that heating, air-conditioning and lighting controls of buildings we occupy are optimized. In addition, we apply externally verified standards to validate building portfolio management, better building controls, data center efficiencyperformance.

Information technology (IT) consumes half of the electricity used by the global business and improved employee housekeeping. Ourour IT-driven initiatives contributed significantly to these energy savings, most notably through asavings. Consolidation and virtualization have reduced average IT server consolidation program, and theenergy consumption by 22% since 2011. The Desktop Transformation Program initiated in 2010 and continued through 2012 is designed to reduce the number of personal computers by 14% whilst ensuring that is deployingnew computers and monitors are more energy-efficient than the latest inequipment they replace.

Environmental targets and performance in our operations1 
    2012  Target 2012  Baseline4  Change from
baseline
  Achievement6  2011  2010 
Total net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (GHG footprint) in t CO2e3   215,279    –40  360,5015   –40 LOGO     220,593    239,624  
                             
Energy consumption in GWh   761    –10  957    –21 LOGO     827    859  
                             
Share of renewable energy   42  increase    24%5   73 LOGO     45  43
                             
GHG offsetting (business air travel) in t CO2e   73,024    100  05   100 LOGO     88,867    69,152  
                             
Paper consumption in kg per FTE   122    stabilize    130    –6 LOGO     122    119  
                             
Share of recycled and FSC paper   55.8  50  33.8  65 LOGO     44.3  42.8
                             
Waste in kg per FTE   230    stabilize    265    –13 LOGO     242    251  
                             
Waste recycling ratio   54.2  70  54.4  –0.3 LOGO     54.2  53.7
                             
Water consumption in m m3   1.95    –5  2.55    –23 LOGO     2.00    2.27  
                             

Legend: CO2e = CO2 equivalents; FTE = full-time employee; GWh = gigawatt hour; kWh = kilowatt hour; km = kilometer; kg = kilogram; m m3 = million cubic meter; t = tonne

1   Detailed environmental indicators according to the Global Reporting Initiative are available on the internet at www.ubs.com/environment.2 Gross GHG emissions include: direct GHG emissions by UBS; indirect GHG emissions associated with the generation of imported / purchased electricity (grid average emission factor), heat or steam and other indirect GHG emissions associated with business PC hardwaretravel, paper consumption and software globally.waste disposal.3 GHG footprint equals gross GHG emissions minus GHG reductions from renewable energy and GHG offsets.4 Baseline year 2009 if not indicated otherwise.5 Baseline year 2004.6 Green: target achieved / red: target not achieved.

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Renewable energy

In addition to our energy efficiency programs, weWe are reducing our use of carbon-intensive energy by including a high proportion of renewable energy. In 2011, 45%2004, we sourced 24% of our energy consumption came from renewable energy and district heating.heating, increasing this to 42% by 2012.

Business travel and offsetting CO2 emissions

We try to minimize our CO2 emissions

Our levels of business and encourage our employees to choose alternatives to air travel naturally mirror our client advisor activity. In 2011, this resultedsuch as high-speed rail, recording an 8% reduction in the number of flights taken and a significant5.7% increase in business air travel. We seek to reduce the environmental impact of airglobal employee rail travel and therefore actively promote and investin 2012. Our investments in video conferencing wheresolutions contributed to this reduction and we also recorded a 31% increase in video conference volumes have increased substantially.

    For travel within Europe, we encourage an ongoing move towards high speed rail travel in preference to air.compared with the previous year. The marketing and events team has adopted the environmental guidelines for

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Corporate responsibility

Our greenhouse gas (GHG) footprint

LOGO

client conferences and now considersconsidered the impact of delegate travel, hotels, venue featuresfacilities and catering as part of their logistics and planning.

Once again in 2011,Over the past six years, we have offset all CO2 emissions resulting from agency booked business air travel. Workingtravel and client events and conferences. We neutralized over 600,000 metric tons of CO2 emissions and thereby supported renewable energy and other projects reducing CO2 emissions with reputable intermediaries and a panelan amount of internal specialists,CHF 5.3 million. Projects we select projects whichselected meet the requirements of the Gold Standard for voluntary emissions reductions while providing positive community benefits. Schemes selected include a wind power project in Turkey and community biofuel projects in TaiwanChina, South Africa and Turkey and a community biofuel project in China.India.

Paper, waste and water targets

WeTo complement our climate change strategy, we are making steady progress towards achievingcommitted to further reducing our 2012environmental footprint and set targets to reduce paper consumption, waste generation and water usage reductionusage. In 2012, we surpassed all of these targets, (please referexcept for the one set for waste recycling, as evidenced by the data provided in the table “Environmental targets & performance in our operations”.

The amount ofpaper used per employee decreased 6% compared with baseline year 2009. Double-sided printing and copying, now the default setting for printers used by the majority of our employees, combined with an ongoing shift towards the distribution of electronic documents, contributed to our surpassing the target to stabilize paper use. We increased the percentage of officepaper from Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) or recycled sourcesfrom 34% in 2009 to 56% in 2012, surpassing our 50% target.

The continued implementation of bin-less offices in many larger locations has reduced thewaste per employee by 13% since 2009, surpassing the target to stabilize this at 2009 levels. However, ourwaste recycling ratio has stabilized at 54%, falling short of our target of 70%. Paradoxically, this is due to our success in reducing annual paper consumption, a significant recyclable waste stream, from 130 kg to 122 kg per full-time employee.

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Ourwater consumption decreased 23% compared with 2009 levels, exceeding our target of 5%.

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Refer to http://www.ubs.com/global/en/about_ubs/corporate_ responsibility/cr_in_operations/ecology.html for information on our new targets aiming to reduce our environmental footprint further

Engaging our employees

By educating, increasing awareness among and offering incentives to the tables “Environmental indicators per full-time employee” belowemployees on environmental matters, we hope to help them behave in a sustainable way both at work and “Environmental indicators” on the next page). Double-sided printing and copying is now the default setting for mostat home. As part of our employees and, combined with an ongoing shift towards the distribution of electronic documents, has resultedcommitment to reducing CO2 emissions, we continued to support Earth Hour in a 6% reductionMarch 2012, switching off lights in paper used per employee against baseline year 2009. The share of office paper from Forest Stewardship Council or recycled sources increased from 34% in 2009 to 44% in 2011. The continued implementation of bin-lessUBS offices in many larger locations has reduced58 cities around the waste per employee by 9% since 2009. However,world, for one hour. This was also the starting signal for our waste recycling ratio remained flat at 54%. Paradoxically, thisannual internal and external environmental awareness campaign. The theme in 2012 was ‘Less is due tomore’ and focused on energy efficiency, with activities including environmental fairs, an online environmental quiz and video messages from experts, as well as articles and interviews with senior management posted on our success in reducing paper consumption, which is a significant recyclable waste stream. Our water consumption decreased 22% compared with 2009 levels.internal and external websites.

SupplyResponsible supply chain management

In 2011, UBS spent over CHE 6.7 billion purchasingWe purchase products and services ranging from office maintenance services across ITinformation technology infrastructure to componentsitems such as stationery. Responsible supply

chain management (RSCM) principles serve to embed our ethics and values with our suppliers, contractors, service partners and project teams. As part of this commitment, we are continuing to improve our abilityhave implemented a framework to identify, assess and monitor supplier practices in the areas of human and labor rights, the environment and corruption. In 2011, over 600 suppliers were screened according to2012, we refined our socialrisk rating concept and environmental criteria. We also trained 42initiated training with our procurement and sourcing officersspecialists. All our significant active suppliers have been screened for existing environmental and human rights issues. These screenings identified no critical issues according to help with this work, andUBS’s requirements. In addition, over 400 suppliers completed a responsible supply chain requirements were included in the agreements with relevant suppliers who were awarded contracts. Also in 2011, supply & demandquestionnaire assessing environmental and social management developed a risk rating concept to allow us to focus better on the potential risks of products and services and increase our impact in the area of RSCM. Finally, we engaged in a full strategic review of our RSCM operations and developed an action plan for 2012 to ensure best practice in this area.practices.

Community investment

We are continuing withcontinued our well-established tradition of supporting the advancement and empowerment of organizations and individuals within the communities in which we do business. Our initial focus was centered on direct cash donations, but we have progressed to a position where our community investment program now encompasses employee volunteering, matched-giving schemes, in-kind donations, disaster relief efforts and partnerships with community groups, educational institutions and cultural organizations in all of our business regions.

Community Affairs

In 2011,2012, UBS and our affiliated foundations made direct cash donations totaling CHE 31.1CHF 27.5 million to carefully selected non-profit partner organizations and charities. These donations were directed primarily towards achieving our Community Affairs keycharities, compared with CHF 31.1 million in 2011. Additionally, spending on the UBS Anniversary Education

 

Environmental indicators per full-time employee

 
    Unit   2011   Trend   2010   2009 
Direct and intermediate energy   kWh/FTE     12,459           è      12,633     11,986  
                          
Business travel   Pkm /FTE     11,489           é      8,743     7,016  
                          
Paper consumption   kg /FTE     122           è      119     130  
                          
Waste   kg /FTE     242           è      251     265  
                          
Water consumption   m3/FTE     30.1           î      33.3     31.9  
                          
CO2 footprint   t/FTE     3.32           î      3.66     3.12  
                          

Legend: FTE = full-time employee; kWh = kilowatt hour; Pkm = person kilometer; kg = kilogram; m3 = cubic meter; t = tonne

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Environmental indicators1                              
              20112        20102   20092 
    GRI3   Absolute
normalized4
   Data
quality5
   Trend6   Absolute
normalized4
   Absolute
normalized4
 
Total direct and intermediate energy consumption7     827 GWh     ***     è     859 GWh     957 GWh  
                               

Total direct energy consumption8

   EN3     128 GWh     **     è     137 GWh     132 GWh  

natural gas

     84.2%     **     è     82.6%     84.6%  
                               

heating oil

     13.1%     ***     ê     15.0%     10.9%  
                               

fuels (petrol, diesel, gas)

     2.6%     ***     é     2.3%     4.5%  
                               

renewable energy (solar power, etc.)

     0.03%     ***     é     0.02%     0.05%  
                               

Total intermediate energy purchased9

   EN4     699 GWh     ***     è     722 GWh     825 GWh  
                               

electricity from gas-fired power stations

     18.1%     **     ì     16.3%     10.6%  
                               

electricity from oil-fired power stations

     2.3%     ***     ê     4.1%     2.9%  
                               

electricity from coal-fired power stations

     15.8%     **     è     17.1%     17.5%  
                               

electricity from nuclear power stations

     10.8%     **     è     11.5%     9.5%  
                               

electricity from hydroelectric power stations

     29.5%     ***     è     29.1%     28.0%  
                               

electricity from other renewable resources

     13.9%     ***     è     13.5%     23.6%  
                               

district heating

     9.7%     ***     é     8.5%     7.8%  
                               
Share of renewable energy and district heating     45%     ***     è     43%     51%  
                               
Total business travel   EN29     762 m Pkm     ***     é     595 m Pkm     560 m Pkm  
                               

rail travel10

     1.5%     ***     ê     1.9%     3.7%  
                               

road travel10

     0.4%     **     ê     0.5%     1.0%  
                               

air travel

     98.1%     ***     è     97.6%     95.3%  
                               
Number of flights (segments)     337,573     ***     é     258,766     258,396  
                               
Total paper consumption   EN1     8,093 t     ***     è     8,076 t     10,349 t  
                               

post-consumer recycled

   EN2     18.2%     ***     ê     21.9%     16.7%  
                               

new fibers FSC11

     26.1%     ***     é     20.9%     17.1%  
                               

new fibers ECF +TCF11

     55.6%     ***     è     57.0%     65.9%  
                               

new fibers chlorine bleached

     0.1%     **     ê     0.3%     0.4%  
                               
Total waste   EN22     16,083 t     ***     î     17,053 t     21,183 t  
                               

valuable materials separated and recycled

     54.2%     ***     è     53.7%     54.4%  
                               

incinerated

     20.0%     ***     é     18.1%     12.5%  
                               

landfilled

     25.8%     **     è     28.2%     33.1%  
                               
Total water consumption   EN8     2.00 m m3     **     î     2.27 m m3     2.55 m m3  
                               
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in C02e                              

Direct GHG emissions (scope 1)12

   EN16     25,235 t     **     è     27,153 t     25,723 t  
                               

Gross indirect GHG emissions (gross scope 2)12

   EN16     227,978 t     ***     î     248,893 t     298,338 t  
                               

Gross other indirect GHG emissions (gross scope 3)12

   EN17     110,010 t     ***     é     89,957 t     87,867 t  
                               
Total gross GHG emissions     363,223 t     ***     è     366,003 t     411,928 t  
                               

GHG reductions from renewable energy13

     53,759 t     ***     î     57,226 t     99,248 t  
                               

C02e offsets (business air travel)14

     88,867 t     ***     é     69,152 t     63,579 t  
                               
Total net GHG emissions (GHG footprint)15     220,597 t     ***     î     239,624 t     249,101 t  
                               

Legend:GWh = gigawatt hour; Pkm = person kilometer; t = tonne; m3 = cubic meter; m = million; CO2e = CO2 equivalents

1  All figures are based on the level of knowledge as of January 2012.2 Reporting period: 2011 (1 July 2010-30 June 2011), 2010(1 July 2009-30 June 2010), 2009(1 July 2008-30 June 2009).3 Global Reporting Initiative (see also www.globalreporting.org). EN stands for the environmental performance indicators as defined in the GRI.  4   Non-significant discrepancies from 100% are possible due to roundings.  5  Specifies the estimated reliability of the aggregated data and corresponds approximately to the following uncertainty (confidence level 95%): up to 5%-***, up to 15%–**, up to 30%–* Uncertainty is the likely difference between a reported value and a real value.  6  Trend: at a ***/**/* data quality, the respective trend is stable (è) if the variance equals 5/10/15%, low decreasing/increasing (î,ì) if it equals 10/20/30% and decreasing/increasing if the variance is bigger than 10/20/30% (ê,é).  7  Refers to energy consumed within the operational boundaries of UBS.   8  Refers to primary energy purchased which is consumed within the operational boundaries of UBS (oil, gas, fuels).   9  Refers to energy purchased that is produced by converting primary energy and consumed within the operational boundaries of UBS (electricity and district heating).  10  Rail and road travel: Switzerland only.  11Paper produced from new fibers. FSC stands for Forest Stewardship Council, ECF for Elementary Chlorine Free and TCF for Totally Chlorine Free.  12Refers to ISO 14064 and the “GHG (greenhouse gas) protocol initiative” (www.ghgprotocol.org), the international standards for GHG reporting: scope 1 accounts for direct GHG emissions by UBS; gross scope 2 accounts for indirect GHG emissions associated with the generation of imported/purchased electricity (grid average emission factor), heat or steam; gross scope 3 accounts for other indirect GHG emissions associated with business travel, paper consumption and waste disposal.13GHG savings by consuming electricity from renewable sources.   14  Offsets from third-party GHG reduction projects measured in CO2 equivalents (CO2e). These offsets neutralize GHG emissions from our business air travel, is GHG footprint equals gross GHG emissions minus GHG reductions from renewable energy and CO2e offsets.

 

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Initiative amounted to CHF 16.7 million. These donations were primarily aimed at our Community Affairs key themes of “education”education and “entrepreneurship”.entrepreneurship. Contributions were also made to other activities,causes, in particular disaster relief, including CHF 3.2a commitment of more than USD 1.2 million in Japan.total financial contributions to long-term relief and rebuilding efforts in response to the devastation caused by Hurricane Sandy in the United States. These donations, combined with other significant activities, notably the volunteering activities of employees, have continued to provide substantial benefits to projects and people around the world, (seeas demonstrated by the examples below).provided below.

Across all business regions, our employees continue to play a very active role in our community investment efforts, in particular through

their volunteering activities. In 2011, 11,6782012, 12,563 employees spent 105,000110,065 hours volunteering.volunteering, an increase of 8% and 5%, respectively, compared with 2011. We support their commitment by offering up to two working days a year for volunteering efforts, and also match employee donations to selected charities.

In Switzerland, our community investment efforts are also advanced by the UBS Culture Foundation, the UBS Foundation for Social Issues and Education, and the association “AA Helping Hand from UBS Employees”. In 2011, these organizations have

 

 

 

Examples of UBS’s community investment activities across the globeOur climate change commitment

 

Americas – In 2011, we developed a unique community partnership with artist Stephen Wiltshire and student artists from The Children’s Aid Society, The Harlem SchoolClimate change is one of the Arts,most significant challenges of our time. The world’s key environmental and social challenges, such as population growth, energy security, loss of biodiversity and access to drinking water and food are all closely intertwined with climate change. This makes the transition to a low-carbon economy vital.

We recognize that financial institutions are increasingly expected to play a key role in the transition to a low-carbon economy, and we are determined to support our clients in preparing for success in an increasingly carbon-constrained world. As one of the leading wealth management firms worldwide, and the YMCA of Greater New York.New York City: Throughleading universal bank in Switzerland backed by a top asset management business and a client-centered investment bank, our eyeswas a special exhibition focusingclimate change strategy focuses on the New York City skyline from varying perspectives.following areas. It was usedis in these areas where we believe we can make the greatest contribution to the transition towards a low-carbon economy:

Risk management: seeking to protect our clients’, and our own, assets from climate change risks, within our sphere of influence.

Recognizing that the transition to a low-carbon economy will take time and that fossil fuels will continue to dominate energy production for decades to come, we are determined to understand the risks that our clients’, and our own, assets are exposed to in the context of uncertain policy and technology developments addressing climate change. This includes developing a metrics-based approach to measure our exposure to climate change risks in high-risk sectors such as a foundation for the young artists to reflect on their own feelings about their community. The program allowed students to draw their own interpretation of the skyline as a way to learnreal estate and engageenergy.

Investments: helping to mobilize private and institutional capital towards investments facilitating climate change mitigation and adaptation.Our clients will continue to look for investment opportunities and some will increasingly focus on investments facilitating climate change mitigation and adaptation.

Finance: supporting this transition as corporate advisor, and/or with our lending capacity.We are helping corporate clients raise capital on domestic/international capital markets in order to meet the high investment levels required for the transition to a low-carbon economy. In Switzerland, we are also supporting private clients in renovating their private homes sustainably and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in providing solutions for climate change mitigation and adaptation.

Research: offering world-class research capacity to our clients on climate change issues.Building on our renowned expertise, we act as a thought leader and expert advisor to our clients on financial impacts of, and solutions for, climate change.

In-house operations: reducing our own greenhouse gas emissions.

We are positioning our in-house operations in discussions about 9/11 and their neighborhoods in general. The main feature of the exhibition is Wiltshire’s intricate panorama of the New York City skyline. This panorama can be seen on a 160-foot long UBS billboard greeting passengers arriving at the JFK International Airport terminal. To commemorate the 10th anniversary of 11 September 2001, UBS publishedReflections of Recovery and Resurgence: UBS 9/11 Humanitarian Relief Fund,a booklet which highlights the firm’s commitment and support of the National September 11 Memorial & Museum. Immediately following the events of 9/11, UBS created the UBS 9/11 Humanitarian

Relief Fund to provide assistance to victims as well as long-term grants for the children of victims. This booklet also provides helpful information related to support groups, guidance for talking to your family about 9/11, and other resources.

Ourmentor programs,which operatea low-carbon economy by further investing in four US cities, continue to be our main volunteer initiatives. In 2011, employees volunteered to become mentors to hundreds of children – helping students build the confidence and skills they need for future success. Our mentor programs empower students of all ages and range from the Power Lunch reading program designed to increase elementary school literacy through to college preparatory and career skills development for high school students through our iMentor program.

To encourage the development of quality education, the Americas region is supporting innovative and collaborativeafter-school programs for Beacon centersin New York City. These high school after-school programs aim to integrate children’s learning

experiences in and outside the classroom as well as offering career skills development, job training and computer literacy that contribute to greater opportunities for success after graduation.

Asia Pacific – TheCommunity Leadership Experience,developed in partnership with Charities Aid Foundation India, was held in June 2011 in Mumbai. It focused on women leaders and the 20 participants came away with fresh perspectives on how to tackle the challenges of leading and managing a not-for-profit organization in India. Launched in 2008, the annual three-day program has been welcomed by the non-profit sector as a much-needed platform to bring leaders together. Participants get to share and learn from each other and help to improve their own organization’s capacity to deliver services to their own community. Across the Asia Pacific region, UBS employees continued to volunteer in record numbers and, in 2011, significantly increased the number of hours contributed to our community partners. In Japan, volunteers from the Investment Bank worked with Social Venture Partners Tokyo to develop financial accounting

 

 

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againEmployees association. In 2012, these organizations made valuable contributions to important social causes, including fostering the humanities and the creative arts, supporting communities in need, and helping disabled and disadvantaged people.

Client foundation

TheEstablished in 1999, the UBS Optimus Foundation is one of Switzerland’s largest charitable foundations. It is a non-profit organizationworks to break down the barriers that prevent children from reaching their potential. The Foundation works with carefully selected partners globally on projects which offers UBS clients a broad range of opportunities to improve the lives ofhelp children around the

globe and has contributed over CHF 118 million to 250 projects in 73 countries since its foundation. Employing the highest standards of quality when selecting or monitoring its projects and project partners, the Foundation plays a key role in bringing about positive social change in the areas in which it targets, including healthcare,of health, education and child protection. Asprotection against violence and sexual abuse. Since

its establishment, the Foundation has received more than 18,000 donations totaling over CHF 175 million, enabling it to support 275 projects in 75 countries. Because UBS bears all the administrative costs related to the UBS Optimus Foundation, clients can be sure that 100% of every donation goes directly totowards the projects themselves.funded.

In 2012, we published the Optimus Study, the most comprehensive research ever conducted in Switzerland into the extent of sexual assault on children and adolescents. The study’s findings are helping the government and child protection agencies to improve in delivering child protection services for children and in turn, reduce the incidence of child sexual victimization.

 

 

 

processes for 10 new start-up not-for-profit organizations. In Singapore, more than 200 employeessustainable real estate and interns helped to organize the International Association for Volunteer Effort’s biannual World Volunteer Conference which attracted more than 1,000 participants from around the globe. At this event, UBS continued its support for a unique program which aims to increase the capability of not-for-profit organizations to secure funding from the private sector. Called “The Pitch”, five finalists taken from more than 100 applicants from around the globe competed before a live audienceefficient IT infrastructure and panel of expert judges to secure funding for innovative volunteer management projects.

limiting business travel-related COEurope, Middle East and Africa – Throughout the region, we continue to support educational and entrepreneurial activities, particularly in areas close to where we conduct our business. We now have active Community Affairs programs in the UK, France, Italy, South Africa, Poland, UAE, Russia, Ireland and Jersey. The regional flagship program is our partnership with theBridge Academy,a mixed,2

non-denominational school for 11-18 year olds in Hackney, one of the most deprived boroughs in London and adjacent to UBS’s London base. In 2003, UBS agreed to sponsor a new secondary school under the UK government’s “Academy” program. UBS volunteers helped develop the vision and plans for the development of the Bridge Academy which opened in 2007. A fundamental principle of the partnership is that all activity must directly improve student attainment and achievement. To date, 1,700 volunteers have contributed over 18,000 hours in a range of activities. emissions.

 

Governance: five UBS Managing Directors form a majorityEngagement & disclosure: reporting and communicating transparently about the progress of our strategy.We are engaging with our stakeholders on climate change issues and continue to raise awareness among our employees. In addition, we will continue to disclose progress we make in executing our climate change strategy through established standards, such as the governing body, contributing strategic expertiseGlobal Reporting Initiative and taking responsibilitythe Carbon Disclosure Project.

These efforts build on a history and strong track record of reducing our environmental footprint in a consistent and transparent manner. In the reporting year 2012, we reached our ambitious goal set in 2006 to reduce CO2 emissions by 40% compared with 2004 baseline levels. A target on which we delivered successfully by adopting energy efficiency measures to reduce the energy consumption of the buildings we occupy, and of

critical facilities such as the data centers we use, while increasing the proportion of renewable energy used. Emissions that cannot be reduced by other means (e.g. business air travel) are offset. Our achievements have been recognized by external experts, in particular by the most significant climate-change-focused investors’ initiative, the Carbon Disclosure Project, which in 2012 ranked UBS as one of the top 10 companies worldwide for excellence in transparency and achievement in combating climate change.

We will regularly report on the progress we make in executing our new climate change strategy which, in 2013, will focus on the following elements:

Participating in an industry-wide initiative to develop accounting metrics for the Bridge Academy’s directionCO2 emissions associated with lending and resultsinvestments;

 

Literacy and numeracy: intervention schemes involving 80 volunteers per weekReducing the environmental impact of our Global Real Estate investment portfolios;

 

Work-related learning program: providing an introductionOffering the “Energy check-up for SMEs” to Swiss SMEs in partnership with the world of work, a focus on relevant skills and the motivation to think positively about the working world

Bespoke activities range from designing a virtual trading project with 54 top mathsSwiss Private Sector Energy

  

students fromAgency and renewing the Academy working with equities traders, throughcash bonus to engaging with Stonewall and the UBS Pride Network to work with 180 students to help tackle homophobic bullyingsupport private clients in renovating their private homes sustainably;

 

Launching UBS volunteers provide supportClean Energy Infrastructure Switzerland for Bridge staff learning and development, finance, operations, communications, fundraising and ITinstitutional clients to invest in renewable energy infrastructure;

Switzerland – During the European Year of Volunteering in 2011, UBS launched a unique national volunteering project to restore Swiss hiking trails. UBS employees replaced broken or inaccurate signposts, restored sections of the network of hiking trails and constructed new ones. Through their volunteering efforts UBS employees helped to ensure the continued quality and safety of the hiking trails. This, in turn, helps to ensure that hiking remains a popular and healthy leisure activity. The volunteering activities took place in six locations across Switzerland. In total, 319 employees participated in this important project volunteering 3,805 hours.

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ReferContinuing towww.ubs.com/community support renewable energy and clean technology financing through our Investment Bank;

Developing the UBS Sustainability Health Check, which will allow Wealth Management clients to identify discrepancies between their sustainability preferences (including climate change) and the composition of their portfolio; and

Reducing our greenhouse gas footprint by 50% compared with 2004 baseline levels, another 15% below 2012 levels, and reducing our overall energy consumption by 10% compared with 2012 levels by 2016.

 

 

 

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Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

Our employeesCorporate responsibility

 

Our employees

Our employees’ drive, skill and dedication are key to meeting the needsKey examples of our clients and building our businesses. We are committed to investing in our talent and to attracting, developing and retaining highly qualified people, while maintaining our reputation as a leading employer. We are also dedicated to promoting a performance-oriented culture that values and encourages collaborationUBS’s community investment activities across the entire Group. This helps to maximize opportunities to create value for the firm and support our employees’ success.globe

 

Our workforceSwitzerland

Our competitive strength dependsTo mark UBS’s 150th anniversary, UBS Employee Volunteering teamed up with the Swiss Foundation for Landscape Conservation for 10 jubilee projects. More than 330 UBS volunteers worked for more than 3,300 hours across all UBS regions helping to restore the Swiss landscape. One of the projects took place on an alpine pasture in Gantrisch nature reserve where employees helped to preserve the species-rich meadows and alpine pastures as well as other important landscape features. Another of these projects took place in Liddes where UBS employees had the opportunity to work on the qualityhistoric irrigation canal “Bisse de la Tour”, under expert supervision.

Americas

In 2012, Community Affairs Americas expanded the Elevating Entrepreneurs program and teamed up with lenders in two new locations, Chicago and Los Angeles, to provide USD 15 million in financing solutions for qualified small businesses. Through a variety of our people. Hiring,student mentoring programs sponsored by UBS, we also contributed 8,148 volunteer hours to supporting children and young adults in developing their career and retaining high-qualitycomputer skills and providing them with work experience to help them achieve academic success and economic empowerment.

Additionally, we launched Season of Service, a community impact initiative which resulted in approximately 161

different volunteer activities being undertaken from October to December and 4,473 volunteer hours logged by UBS employees are priorities foracross the firm, as our workforce is fundamentalAmericas region. In response to the success of our strategy. Duedevastation caused by Hurricane Sandy in late October, Community Affairs Americas announced that UBS is committing more than USD 1.2 million in total financial contributions to ongoing market challenges, we had to make some difficult business decisions in 2011 that impacted our workforce, including personnel reductions. Throughout this process, we endeavored to act as a responsible employer, making full use of our internal labor market and, where necessary, career transition support services. We also continued to investaid in the developmentlong-term relief and trainingrebuilding efforts.

Asia Pacific

In March 2011, an earthquake and resulting tsunamis devastated Kamaishi City in the Tohoku region of talented employees who cannortheast Japan, causing the deaths of 1,250 residents. In response, UBS initiated the UBS Tohoku Project; a five-year strategy to bring relief to the disaster-struck region. In 2012, UBS and Japanese partner organization RCF Tohoku Earthquake Consulting Team, a reconstruction support organization, implemented the second phase of this strategy to help usregenerate and rebuild the local community. Asia Pacific volunteers were first introduced to grow our businesses.the work of RCF Tohoku Earthquake Consulting Team and the local rebuilding strategy Create-Play-Learn-Eat, allowing them to learn about the situation in Kamaishi before working on respective proposals for each of the focus areas to support the regeneration and rebuilding efforts.

UBS volunteers also spent a day harvesting rice at the UBS RICE Project paddy

In general, employee levels were stable in 2011,field. The UBS RICE Project aims to improve the water quality and bio­ diversity of Lake Kasumigaura, north of Tokyo, and it is part of a larger program led by UBS’s community partner, Asaza Fund, to provide local children with the number of people employed on 31 December 2011 at 64,820, up 203 or 0.3% from year-end 2010. In 2011, our employees worked in 57 countries, with approximately 36% of our staff employed in Switzerland, 35% inopportunity to learn about ecosystems and develop environmental awareness. Through UBS’s investment, the Americas, 17% inenvironment around the rest of previously abandoned paddy field has been enriched and continues to thrive.

Europe, the Middle East and Africa

UBS was given the 25th Anniversary Lord Mayor of London’s Dragon Award in recognition of the achievements of the firm’s community affairs program in London over the past 25 years.

Some 90 young performers from On-track, UBS’s community partnership with the London Symphony Orchestra, performed at the opening ceremony of the Olympics.

Across the region, rapidly increasing numbers of UBS employees are sharing their business skills through strategic volunteering in their local communities: In Israel 90% of employees are supporting young social entrepreneurs in partnership with Ashoka Ventures, and 12% in Asia Pacific. Employee turnover, as a percentageTurkey 40% of average overall headcount, was 13.8%employees are supporting students in 2011. Employee-initiated turnover was 6.9%, down 0.2% from 2010.

Internal mobility encourages integration, collaborationdeveloping their science and innovation, as well as individual career development. In 2011, we continued to support employee mobility across all regions and business divisions. In 2011, 472 employees moved to roles in a different region, compared with 489 in 2010. In 2011, 1,228 em-math skills.

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Refer to www.ubs.com/community for more information

 

 

Personnel by region

            As of           % change from 
Full-time equivalents     31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09      31.12.10 
Switzerland    23,188     23,284     24,050      0  
                         
UK    6,674     6,634     6,204      1  
                         
Rest of Europe    4,182     4,122     4,145      1  
                         
Middle East and Africa    162     137     134      18  
                         
USA    21,746     22,031     22,702      (1
                         
Rest of the Americas    1,177     1,147     1,132      3  
                         
Asia Pacific    7,690     7,263     6,865      6  
                         
Total    64,820     64,617     65,233      0  
                         

Personnel by reporting segment

            As of           % change from 
Full-time equivalents     31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09      31.12.10 
Wealth Management    15,904     15,663     15,408      2  
                         
Retail & Corporate    11,430     12,089     12,140      (5
                         
Wealth Management & Swiss Bank    27,334     27,752     27,548      (2
                         
Wealth Management Americas    16,207     16,330     16,925      (1
                         
Global Asset Management    3,750     3,481     3,471      8  
                         
Investment Bank    17,256     16,860     15,666      2  
                         
Corporate Center    274     194     1,624      41  
                         
Total    64,820     64,617     65,233      0  
                         

of which: Corporate Center personnel (before allocations)1

    19,270     19,472     20,054      (1
                         

1  Please note that some of the figures in this table may differ from those originally published in quarterly and annual reports (for example due to adjustments following organizational changes).

 

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Our employees

Our employees’ drive, ability, insight and experience are key to meeting the needs of our clients and building our businesses. We are committed to attracting, developing and retaining the best in their field of expertise and to furthering our reputation as a leading employer. We promote a culture that is centered around our principles of client focus, excellence and sustainable performance. This helps maximize opportunities to create value for all of our stakeholders on the basis of our employees’ development and success.

ployeesOur workforce

Our competitive strength depends on the quality of our people. We want to be the best in all the businesses that we choose to be in. Therefore, hiring, developing and retaining high-caliber employees are fundamental priorities. On 30 October 2012, we announced a significant acceleration in the implementation of our strategy to transform the firm. This involves further sharpening our focus in the Investment Bank, reducing costs significantly and implementing further efficiencies more rapidly. Specifically, we announced that we would concentrate on our core strengths in advisory, research, equities and foreign exchange and that we would exit uneconomical business lines, predominantly in fixed income. As a result, by 2015, we are likely to have a full-time equivalent headcount of around 54,000 compared with 62,628

at the end of 2012. We will continue to act as a responsible employer during the process of reducing headcount, making use of our internal labor market and career transition support services.

As of 31 December 2012, we employed 62,628 people, 2,192 fewer than a year earlier. In 2012, our employees worked in 56 countries, with approximately 36% of our staff employed in Switzerland, 35% in the Americas, 17% in Europe, Middle East and Africa and 12% in Asia Pacific. Employee turnover, as a percentage of average overall headcount, was 12.9% in 2012 compared with 13.2% in 2011. Employee-initiated turnover was 6.7%, down 1.1% from 2011.

Internal mobility encourages cross-divisional collaboration and innovation, as well as individual career development. In 2012, we supported employee mobility across business divisions and regions. Opportunities for internal movement declined in 2012 due

Personnel by region

            As of           % change from 
Full-time equivalents     31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10      31.12.11 
Americas    21,995     22,924     23,178      (4
                         

of which: USA

    20,833     21,746     22,031      (4
                         
Asia Pacific    7,426     7,690     7,263      (3
                         
Europe, Middle East and Africa    10,829     11,019     10,892      (2
                         

of which: UK

    6,459     6,674     6,634      (3
                         

of which: Rest of Europe

    4,202     4,182     4,122      0  
                         

of which: Middle East and Africa

    167     162     137      3  
                         
Switzerland    22,378     23,188     23,284      (3
                         
Total    62,628     64,820     64,617      (3
                         

Personnel by business divisions and Corporate Center

            As of           % change from 
Full-time equivalents     31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10      31.12.11 
Wealth Management    16,210     15,904     15,663      2  
                         
Wealth Management Americas    16,094     16,207     16,330      (1
                         
Investment Bank    15,866     17,007     16,488      (7
                         
Global Asset Management    3,781     3,750     3,481      1  
                         
Retail & Corporate    10,156     11,430     12,089      (11
                         
Corporate Center    522     523     566      0  
                         
Total    62,628     64,820     64,617      (3
                         

of which: Corporate Center personnel (before allocations)1

    25,255     26,269     26,565      (4
                         

1  Comparative figures in this table may differ from those published in quarterly and annual reports (for example due to adjustments following organizational changes).

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Our employees

to personnel reductions and cost focus. However, 906 employees still transferred between business divisions compared with 1,2901,228 in 2010.2011 and 366 moved to roles in a different region compared with 472 in 2011.

Recruiting new employees

Despite the challengingOur recruitment of new talent in 2012 generally was more restrained than in 2011. Ongoing challenges in our operating environment dampened demand in several business areas throughout 2012, and our announcement in October of a significant acceleration of the implementation of our strategy curbed recruitment further. While one of our primary goals in 2012 was to retain and, where necessary, redeploy employees to other functions, we continuedwere still committed to recruit newhiring the best available talent to help strengthensustain and grow our core businesses. In 2011, thereOne priority was a strong focus onto continue recruiting experienced client advisors in our asset-gathering businesses and making targeted hiresbusinesses. We also invested in our investment banking and centrally managed functions. We continued to invest in talent for the future by hiring graduates and interns in each of our operating regions. We reducedregions, as well as apprentices in Switzerland. Existing staff were a key source of hiring costs further in 20112012, with 41% of all positions being filled by increasing internal hires and making the most of employee referrals, both of which reduced the need to use outside agencies to fill positions.

We continued to be an attractive employertalent compared with 28% in 2011. Globally, 94% of candidates accepted our offer of employment, with 97% of individualsRecruitment using agencies was reduced to 9% in Switzerland accepting. UBS ranked third among Swiss business students2012 from 16% in the 2011 Universum Switzerland’s Ideal Employers survey.previous year.

In 2011,2012, we filled 6,4595,381 positions across the firm. This was a decrease of 29% comparedfirm, with 2010, largely due to significantly less recruitinglower than usual hiring in the Investment Bank and in centrally managed functions.Bank. Our wealth management businesses continued to hire steadily, with UBS Wealth Management & Swiss Bank hired 414recruiting 275 client advisors globally; 686 financial advisors were hired inand Wealth Management Americas in 2011. Referrals from current employees were an important source for these hires; for example, in Asia Pacific, employee referrals accounted for 49% of the client advisorshiring 620 financial advisors.

Throughout 2012 we hired. In addition, specialized client advisor associate programs were launched in Switzerland and Asia Pacific to recruit professionals from other industries into client advisory roles.

Several new recruiting initiatives were launched in 2011worked to ensure there isthat we had a continuous and visible presence on our target campuses, consistent with our commitment to graduate hiring. We continueSenior leaders from across the firm were actively present on campus and at UBS recruiting events, underscoring UBS’s commitment to providerecruiting and developing young talent. Furthermore, targeted programs such as “Unlock Your Potential” were held globally to attract diverse

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graduate talent. Our graduate trainees continued to benefit from unique educational opportunities for graduates that includeand business-specific activities. Asactivities as part of oura structured Graduate Training Program. In 2012, 782 university graduates were hired into one of UBS’s undergraduate andor MBA graduate training programs, 1,111 university graduates joined UBS in 2011.programs. An additional 1,215968 interns were hired globally over the course of the year. Our apprenticeship program in Switzerland continued to be strong in 2011,2012, hiring 300247 business and 38 IT apprentices.

Despite the relatively challenging conditions, we continued to be seen as an attractive employer. Globally, 95% of candidates accepted our offer of employment in 2012, with 97% of individuals in Switzerland accepting. Notably, UBS ranked fourth, among both business students and experienced business professionals, in global employer branding firm Universum’s 2012 Ideal Employer surveys in Switzerland. Globally, UBS ranked in the top 50 in Universum’s 2012 World’s Most Attractive Employers list.

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Refer to “www.ubs.com/awards” for additional information regarding UBS’s standing as an employer

Strengthening and sustaining our diverse workforce and inclusive work environment

In today’s global business environment, weWe believe it is essential to have a workforce of individuals from widely differingdiverse backgrounds, cultures and life experiences. DiversityA varied and inclusive workforce results in a more innovative, dynamic and, ultimately, more successful company. Additionally, diversity in elements such as gender, ethnicity, business experience, education, nationality, religion, age, disability and sexual orientation help us to further understand and other factors supports the firm in meetingmeet the needs of our increasingly diverse client base. We also believe a diverse employee base and inclusive work environment increases employees’ engagement. Ultimately, our success depends on equal employment opportunities and having the best person in each role.

We are committed to increasing the diversity of our workforce at all levels ofby attracting, developing and retaining employees who promote the organization, as well as increasing our retention of diverse

Gender distribution by geographical region1

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1 Calculated on the basis that a person (working full-time or part-time) is considered one headcount in this graph only. This accounts for the total UBS end-2011 employee number of 66,855 in this graph, which excludes staff from UBS Card Center, Hotel Seepark Thun, Wolfsberg and Widder Hotel.

employees. culture we seek. At the same time, we seek to strengthen and sustainare building an inclusive work environment that encourages employee development and enhancescollaboration and is focused on enhancing client relationships.

Our workforce is truly global. We have 895891 offices in 5756 countries, and our employees are citizens of 146145 countries. In 2011,2012, the average age of our employees was 3839 years and the average length of employment atwith the firm was 8.68.9 years. In Switzerland, more than 51 %51% of employees have worked at UBS for more than 10 years.

Our global diversity strategy is deliveredrealized through concrete action plans for each business division, integration into all our people processes and a range of regional initiatives. In 2012, we expanded our strategy to focus on new business development, particularly among underserved client groups. For example, Wealth Management Americas launched a program called “Elevating Entrepreneurs”. This program matches small business owners in underserved communities with a UBS financial advisor and a client who mentor the integration ofentrepreneur, providing strategic financial and business advice.

We continued to integrate diversity and inclusionaspects into our peopleworkforce management and development processes during 2012, incorporating concepts like recognizing and regional initiatives that reinforce our global strategy. For example, we integrated information regarding “unconscious bias”avoiding unconscious bias into our performance management processes in 2011.

In 2011, regional diversity teams continued to work with business and human resource leaders on plans linked to regional talent strategies. For example, in 2011, a cross-divisional gender initiative in parts of Europe that aims to build a culture in which men and women thrive equally in their careers was extended to Asia Pacific and rolled out across the Investment Bank. Components include training for managers, providing sponsoring opportunities for senior-level women, enhancing support for employees on maternity leave and a focus on flexible working options for all employees. Over 50% of the businessleadership development offering. Business areas or regions in the initial group have shown a proportionate increase in the number of female Executive and Managing Directors due to hiring, promotion or retention since the program launched in 2009.

In 2011, we relaunched a mentoring program in Switzerland for women Associate Directors and Directors to help women focus on their career progression. The second annual UK Diversity & Inclusion Week, designed to raise awareness about the value of a diverse and inclusive workplace and what it takes to build one, featured a wide range of employee events, awards, and presentations on workplace diversity and inclusion issues. In Asia Pacific, we worked with our businesses to sponsor marketing eventssuch as

 

 

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Our employees

Corporate governance, responsibility

and compensation

 

Gender distribution by employee category1

 

 

  Officers
(Director and above)
   Officers
(other officers)
   Non-officers   Total   Officers
(Director and above)
   Officers
(other officers)
   Non-officers   Total 
As of 31. 12. 11  Number   %   Number   %   Number   %   Number   % 
As of 31.12.12  Number   %   Number   %   Number   %   Number   % 
Male   18,319     79.1     14,563     63.9     8,960     42.9     41,842     62.6     18,189     78.5     13,724     62.9     8,220     42.3     40,133     62.3  
                                                
Female   4,850     20.9     8,214     36.1     11,949     57.1     25,013     37.4     4,974     21.5     8,108     37.1     11,217     57.7     24,299     37.7  
                                                
Total   23,169     100.0     22,777     100.0     20,909     100.0     66,855     100.0     23,163     100.0     21,832     100.0     19,437     100.0     64,432     100.0  
                                                

1  Calculated on the basis that a person (working full-time or part-time) is considered one headcount (in this table only). This accounts for the total UBS end-2011end-2012 employee number of 66,855,64,432, which excludes staff from UBS Card Center, Hotel Seepark Thun, Wolfsberg and Hotel Widder.

 

targeted specifically towardFinance sponsored training sessions for all of their employees aimed at avoiding unconscious bias.

In 2012, regional diversity teams worked with business and human resource leaders on diversity initiatives that were closely linked to regional talent strategies. As examples, a mentoring program in Switzerland that helps women Associate Directors and Directors focus on career progression was extended to include more women in our IT organization. Several business areas in Switzerland piloted “TeilzeitMann”, a federally-funded project promoting gender equality and helping to remove barriers to part-time roles for men. The UK hosted its third annual Diversity & Inclusion Week to raise awareness among employees about the value of a diverse and inclusive workplace. We piloted mentoring programs for senior-level women in Hong Kong and Japan during 2012 to increase their career development and networking opportunities. In Singapore and Beijing, we held a series of events for female clients.undergraduates to help them prepare for a successful job search upon graduation. In the US, we launched a recruitingan ongoing recruitment initiative to hire a number ofhired diverse financial advisors to provide insight and access to un­derserved markets. We also engaged with a number of colleges and workforce development programs like “Year Up” and “NPower” to give diverse talent from underserved diverse market opportunities. Online “harassment free” workplace training also was introducedcommunities professional experience. In 2012, 20 of these students were hired as UBS interns, enabling them to be coached and mentored while gaining work experience in the US, in addition to existing classroom training.a financial services organization.

More than 11,500In 2012, approximately 14,000 employees areacross UBS were members of over 2521 employee networks. These networks, across UBS thatrepresenting affinities such as gender, culture, life stage or sexual orientation, help build cross-business relationships across our businesses and strengthen our inclusive culture. In the US, for example,an open climate where employees feel their values are welcomed in a “straight ally” initiative significantly raised participation from the firm’s leaders and increased membership in our lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) employee network by promoting an inclusive and supportive workplace environment. A straight ally member is encouraged to proactively support the inclusive treatment of LGBT colleagues, and participate in community service, networking and educational events to demonstrate their support.professional capacity. Our global network guidelines enable employees to set up or join employee networks/affinity groups in all our operating regions. Additionally, our human resource policies and processes have global coverage and outline our commitment to nondiscrimination, a non-discriminating, harassment-free workplace and equal opportunityopportunities for all employees.

Managing performance

We are committed to givingensuring that employees are clear on their goals, and we provide the tools and support they need to be effective in their jobs andas well as to advance their careers. We

Our approach to people management

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provide a framework for performance management thatframework features regular opportunities for employee-manager dialogue throughout the yearly cycle, consistent and transparent assessment processes, and a clear link between performance, demonstrated achievements and compensation.

In 2010,2012, we made some significant changes tostreamlined our performance management processes to increase transparency, support employee developmentprocess and better rewardtimetable considerably. This helped employees in line withand managers focus on it appropriately during an extremely active part of their contributions. These goals have not changed. However, based on employee feedback and a comprehensive review ofbusiness cycle. Our overarching goal for performance management remains the impact, we amended some aspects of the evaluation process in 2011. These changes were made to increase efficiency, improve the business focus of assessments and put more emphasis on individual development. Our underlying goal remains:same: to strengthen our performance culture and focus on our strategy so we can achieve long-term, sustainable profitability.

Employees’ performance reviews are based on their contribution and whether their individual performance appropriately reflects factors like leadership, collaboration and teamwork, client focus and professional behavior. Risk objectives were integrated for all employees in 2012 as part of a concerted effort to raise risk awareness and incorporate it into performance and reward decisions. In 2011,2012, 99% of the employees eligible to participate in the firm’s global performance assessment cycle received a performance review.

Performance management for our senior executives and certain other key employees is especially rigorous. Senior leaders including all Group Executive Board (GEB) members, receive a comprehensive evaluation based on key achievements relative to their objectives, including business performance, risk management, leadership skills and meeting specific financial targets. Direct peer input is also required.change impact. A thorough assessment includes feedback from peers as well as direct reports.

In 2011, our “key risk takers and controllers” were againEmployees identified as “Key Risk Takers” continue to be subject to extended performance management procedures. These individuals may work in front office,front-office, logistics or control functions,functions.

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Corporate governance, responsibility and duecompensation

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Due to their role, they are able to materially commit, use or control the firm’s resources and exert significant influence over our risk profile. We therefore ensure thatIn addition to self, manager and relevant 360-degree reviews, at least one person in a holistic evaluation is conducted by relevant control functions on an annual basis. A samplefunction such as risk, finance or compliance must critically review the Key Risk Taker’s performance to attest to the person’s attitudes and actions toward managing risk.

As part of seniorour overarching people management and key risk-taker performance objectives are also reviewed annually.

Weprocesses, we have Group-wide ranks and salary ranges that are applicable to all employees. We also haveemployees, as well as a standardized role classification model across the firm.model. Many human resource processes are based on these global role profiles and this enablesthat provide a foundation for more clearly defined career paths and development plans for all employees.

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Education and talent development

We take a structured and integrated approach to our talent, leadership and professional development business education and talent management. This helps ensure thatpractices. Our goal is to give our employees and senior leaders have the knowledge, skills and experience requiredwhat they need to succeedexcel in their roles, progress in their careers, and supportultimately create value for our strategic goals. stakeholders.

The UBS Business University is our global corporate university, composed of nine physical locations, several smaller in-house facilities and a comprehensive online training library. It manages all of UBS’s learning and development activities, ensuring that they are alignedaligning them with Group-wide, divisional and regional business strategies. In 2012, our employees participated in a total of 599,763 development activities, averaging 9.6 training experiences per employee (FTE), which equates to an average investment of 2.1 training days.

One of the Business University’s primary objectives is to help our senior leaders and our key talent build an effectiveto lead people in line with our principles and leadership culture so that they can work togetherculture. Our leadership and talent development offerings were enhanced in 2012 to attain the firm’s goals. A seriesbetter support them and this training, along with a comprehensive suite of leadership development offerings, management skills training and new hire programs, equip ourprovides current and future leaders with the necessary skills to lead UBS forward. Collaborative, cross-divisional learning is a hallmark of our leadership development and talent programs.

As a firm, we must be able to offer our private, corporate and institutional clients a broad range of products and services.We introduced Client Leadership Experience (CLE) workshops in 2008 that bring together client-facing employees from all business divisions to build the knowledge, skills and networks needed to deliver the best solutions from across the entire firm to our clients. In 2011, 332012, 25 workshops were held in 1310 cities in the Americas, Europe, Asia Pacific and Switzerland and attended by 1,200over 800 Directors, Executive Directors and Managing Directors. Since 2008, nearly 3,000inception, 3,700 employees have participated in a CLE.Client Leadership Experience workshop.

A comprehensive business education offering is provided through more than 90110 role-specific learning pathways. These pathways, covering topics such as risk, compliance, sales, advisory and markets, are a structured sequenceseries of activities, events and experiences that help ensure consistent training across similar job roles worldwide. Client-facing staff participate in specializedtailored advisory and sales training programs. As an example, in 2012, UBS launched a comprehensive certification program for all client advisors in our Private Clients, Wealth Management Switzerland and Corporate & Institutional Clients areas. This rigorous training, examination and certification process has been externally accredited by the State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (SECO) in Switzerland. We expect over 5,000 UBS client advisors in Switzerland to more effectively meet clients’ needs.

A GEB-sponsored “Leading UBS forward” training program was launched in 2010 and continued through mid-2011. More than 53,000 employees attended one of 1,400 face-to-face workshops led by senior leaders from acrossundergo the firm. These sessions gave employeescertification process over the opportunity to improve their understanding of key components of our strategy, identity and strategic principles, and to embed our values in their daily work. A further 5,000 employees completed an online version of the course.next three years.

All employees can access a broad range of professional development training.and training as part of their daily work and through various programs. Our eLearning portfolio which consists of more than 2,000 courses, enables all employees to build skills at their own pace.courses. In 2011, 34,2002012, around 18,000 employees participated in voluntary web-basedonline learning on topics such as professionalcommunication skills, management and leadership, financial markets and management,IT. As an example, more than 6,000 employees completed one or more Understanding our Business modules in 2012 to broaden their understanding of our business ITdivisions and financial markets.their primary activities. Other learning modules on risk, general finance and compliance topics help employees develop the skills they need to work effectively in their roles and within the evolving business and regulatory environments. Mandatory web-basedonline training modules helpedhelps ensure that compliance and regulatory requirements wereare met by the relevant employees. In 2012, employees across all business divisions completed more than 378,000 mandatory training sessions.

Each year,All employees are expected to consider career and skill development opportunities as part of the firm’s continuous performance management process. To support this, we give employees an overarching structure, tools and individual development opportunities within an integrated talent management framework. In addition, we invest in talent development and succession planning for the most critical roles across the firm. An annual

Strengthening the accountability of our leadership

In December 2010, the GEB approved specific leadership behaviors for the firm’s leaders, who are expected to be role models, to lead authentically and to collaborate with other senior managers across the firm. These “leadership accountabilities” commit our Managing Directors and members of the GEB to

deliver results, develop talent and drive collaboration. Starting with the firm’s performance management and education processes, these standards were integrated into all of the firm’s human resource processes in 2011. For example, all newly promoted Managing Directors were required to take action to strength-

en two of the three accountabilities within their teams. Ninety days later, they were asked to quantify the impact of their actions. For example, increased collaboration was reported by 55% of respondents, with 41 % reporting better client relationships.

Leadership accountabilities

Deliver sustainable resultsDevelop and engage talentDrive business collaboration
Accept full accountability for your actions and make clear and timely decisions.Lead by being a role model for UBS’s values and strategic principles with authenticity.Promote cross-business collaboration and a mind-set to put the client’s interest first.
Lead your business by building a strong performance- oriented culture and reward the right actions and behavior.Hire, develop and retain the best talent while respecting diversity.Develop a vision for your business aligned with UBS’s identity and communicate clear priorities and a plan for your function.
Ensure consistent high-quality delivery and execution.Engage your people through inspiring, open and honest communication.Align your organization and people to drive change.
Manage risk prudently to ensure long-term sustainable results.Provide constructive feedback and coaching guidance to enhance performance.Build high-trust relationships.

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firm-wide talent review helps to identify and build the skills and competencies of employees who are identified as having leadership potential. In addition, possiblePossible successors for senior leadership roles are identified and tracked on a firm-wide basis, and they are offered specialized development opportunities in addition to on-the-job training.

UBS Wealth Management Master

Launched in late 2012, the UBS Wealth Management Master is the highest internal certification available to client-facing staff in Wealth Management. It enables senior professionals to acquire in-depth expertise in account, investment and relationship management. Combining

structured training with on-the-job development, the two-year program enables participants to deepen their skill sets and learn how to accelerate profitable growth for both clients and the firm. The teaching staff comprises notable academics from leading universities and

business schools, senior consultants, industry experts, and UBS subject matter experts. These specialists share cutting-edge business views and financial market expertise, as well as best practices to help participants attain the highest level of professional excellence.

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Compensation

We strive to provideoffer our employees with competitive pay and incentives, while carefully considering our obligations to shareholders and regulators. Our approach recognizes the need to compensate individuals for their performance within the context of competitive market conditions, a fast-changing commercial environment and evolving regulatory oversight. Our foremost priority is to encourage and reward behavior that contributes to sustainable profitability and thereby the firm’s long-term success of the firm.success. In 2011,2012, we increased our effortscontinued to actively consider risk and account for risk-adjusted profitability in our compensation approach.

Our compensation structure is designed to be appropriately balanced between fixed and variable elements. We emphasize the variable component as an incentive to excel and to foster a performance-driven culture, while supporting appropriate and controlled risk taking. We always take a holistic view of employeeEmployee compensation is viewed within a total reward framework that takes into account base salary, discretionary incentives and benefits.

Our Total Reward Principles are the foundation of our compensation framework, particularly for integrating risk control and managing performance, as well as specifying how we structure our compensation and bonusperformance award pool funding. They reflect our longstandinglong-standing focus on pay for performance, sustained profitability, risk awareness and sound governance.

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Refer to “Our deferred variable compensation plans” in the “Compensation” section of this report for more information

Employee share ownership

We support employee share ownership in principle because we believe that personal accountability for business actions and decisions can be encouraged through equity-based awards. As an example, throughOur employee share purchase plan, Equity Plus, ouris a voluntary equity-based program whereby eligible employees can purchase UBS shares at market

price and receive

one free share for every three shares purchased. These shares vest withinin three years, subject to continued employment at UBS.UBS and retention of the purchased shares. We also use UBS equity as a significant component in our performance award deferral programs. On 31 December 2011,2012, current employees held an estimated 6% of UBS shares outstanding (including approximately 4% in unvested/blocked shares)shares from our compensation programs), based on all known shareholdings from employee participation plans, personal holdings and individual retirement plans. At the end of 2011,2012, an estimated 51%50% of all employees held UBS shares, while an estimated 39%36% held UBS stock options.

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Refer to the “Compensation” section of this report for more information

Our identity and our commitment to being a responsible employer

Relationships based on respect, trust and mutual understanding are the foundation for all of our business activities. The firm’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the Code) demonstrates the importance we place on responsible workplace behavior. The CodeThis code sets out the principles and practices employees are expected to follow and forms the basis for theall UBS employee policies and guidelinesguidelines.

The UBS Identity outlines what we strive to be – the choice of clients worldwide – and how we intend to fulfill that govern employees’ behavior. We provided training on the Codevision. The firm’s guiding principles, confirmed to all employees in 2010mid-2012, characterize the way we work together and all staff who joined the firmpromises we make to our clients that shape how we are perceived. Unrivaled client focus is at the heart of our business model, and we strive for excellence in 2011.

everything we do. We are committedaim to upholdingdeliver sustainable performance by strengthening our corporate values. Theyreputation and by delivering consistent returns to our shareholders. These principles are integrated into our corporate decision-making and people management processes, and they are aimed at shapingintended to shape the daily actions of our employees.

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Listening to the voice of our employees

In June and July 2012, we conducted a Group-wide survey to get employees’ views on where we stand in relation to living up to our principles, achieving our strategy and providing a work environment where employees can succeed. These elements are prerequisites to achieving our vision to be the choice of clients worldwide. We openly communicated the findings to our employees and will use these year-one results as a benchmark for continuous improvement.

Globally, 39,142 employees participated in the survey. Overall the results conveyed a largely positive picture of the firm relative to our external benchmark, especially around client focus (with an 80% positive rating). UBS outperformed a benchmark of more than 50 banks, mutual fund companies and insurers in overall satisfaction with the firm as a place to work and with regard to opportunities for employees to have challenging and interesting work.

We were encouraged to learn that our employees appreciate the high quality of our solutions and services and the value we place on cross-business collaboration. Results for employee engagement showed that our employees are highly motivated to contribute in their jobs beyond what is expected (significantly higher than the benchmark), but pride in the firm was below

expectations. We fully recognize that we need to rebuild employees’ trust and confidence.

Feedback on measures of respect and recognition were encouraging. These elements are essential for effective cooperation across the firm and they have a positive effect on client service and sustainable results. The survey also provided insights into areas in need of improvement such as the communication of our strategy. We have already taken action to change this view, starting with the announcement in October 2012 of the acceleration of the implementation of our strategy. In addition, we are addressing feedback on our talent management and recruiting processes as well as suggestions of ways to increase efficiency.

Following the conclusion of the survey, the GEB, as well as business divisions and functions, had numerous follow-up discussions and agreed on specific action plans to reinforce our strengths and address the most significant areas of perceived weakness. Regular, targeted “check-in” surveys will help us measure progress and keep us on track as we continue to build our corporate culture.

Benefits and well-being

We strive to be a responsible employer and invest in all of our employees, whether they are full- or part-time, staff, by offering a comprehensive suite of benefits such as insurance, pension, retirement and time off that are competitive in our markets. We also offer additional benefits to employees where practical. For example, flexible working arrangements are available to employees in many of our major markets, and we encourage and support our employees’ efforts to volunteer in the many communities in which we operate.

To help employees manage life and work issues, we offer employee assistance programs (EAP) in a number of locations. In the UK, the EAP provides access to specialist support on topics suchLOGO

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suite of benefits such as insurance, pension, retirement and time off that are competitive in our markets. We also offer additional benefits, such as flexible working arrangements, to employees in many of our major markets. As examples, in Switzerland, employees who are part of a “Workplace for the Future” (WFF) initiative can work at their desk or any other WFF-equipped space in or out of their office building. An open layout and enhanced IT infrastructure increase productivity and collaboration, while desk sharing and standardization reduce the firm’s rental and operating costs. WFF was expanded to the UK in 2012 and is intended to be rolled out worldwide in the coming years. In addition, in 2012 we revised our “teleworking” policy in order to make it easier for employees in Switzerland to work outside UBS premises. We also encourage and support employee volunteering in the many communities in which we operate.

To help employees manage life and work issues, we offer employee assistance programs in a number of locations. In the UK, employee assistance programs provide access to specialist support on topics such as finances, family, bereavement and legal/consumer rights. A health and well-being program provides an on-site general practitioner, physiotherapist and dentist, as well as occupational health servicesservices. Emergency child care, emergency home care for elderly or disabled adults and a booking service for out-of-school care are provided by an emergency back-up childcare and elder-care facility.external provider.

In the US, the Work Work/Life Assistance Program offers around-the-clock online and telephone counseling and referral services to employees and their families to help resolve issues that may affect their health, personal life, or job performance. Counselors are available to address issues such as emotional conflicts, depression, marital issues, grief and work performance. The program also provides information about work-life effectiveness and offers referral services for child care, prenatal care, adoption, academic services and adult care. We also provideIn addition, UBS provides on-site childcarechild care at our Stamford, Connecticut site and emergency/back-upemergency / backup child care in most other US locations.

Employee assistance initiatives in Asia Pacific are generally conducted on a country-by-country basis. In Hong Kong, for example, consultants from an external EAP provider help employees and their immediate family members manage work and life stress, family, mental health, personal developmentgrief or trauma, and other challenges. In Japan, these services are available through ananother outside team of consultants trained in fields such as counseling, law, accounting and psychology.

In Switzerland, assistance for current and retired employees as well as their family members is provided through our Social Counseling and Retiree Services functions. Services include counseling for personal issues, difficulties in the workplace, sickness or disability, financial difficulties and retirement. Employees also have access to an internal ombudsman’s office.office and a childcare referral service. An HR Health Care function considers local health and safety matters. WorkIn Switzerland, work days lost to

accident or illness are tracked, with 20,83518,619 and 128,668117,226 days respectively accounted for in 2011.2012. This amounts to sixfive work days per employee in Switzerland.

Programs are in place in every region to provide transitional support to employees impacted by restructuring exercises. For example, in Switzerland, we have a long-standing initiative called COACH to help redeploy employees within UBS or help them find jobs outside the firm in the event of a restructuring. COACH advisors provide support and assistance in finding a new job by working closely with our internal recruitment center and outside employment services. During the COACH process, employees retain full salary and benefits, and financial assistance is available for job-related training, if needed.

EmployeesIn Switzerland, employees below the level of Director were eligible for the Social Partnership Agreement for employeesparticipate in Switzerland (SOVIA CH) in 2011. A newa social plan became valid on 1 January 2012, replacing SOVIA CH, which had expired. This social plan lays out the terms and conditions for making redundancies amongthat covers employees whose jobs are subject to the Agreement on Conditions of Employment for Bank Staff (ACEBS).Staff. This plan lays out the terms and conditions for any necessary redundancies. It also governs the requirements and procedures for internal hiring, job transfers, and, when needed, severance. The aim is to make any necessary job cuts or operational changes in a responsible manner, making full use of our internal labor market, and to offer support and career advice to these employees.

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Refer towww.ubs.com/health-safety for more information on our health and safety statement

Employee representation

As part of our commitment to being a responsible employer, we partnerwork with all of our employee representation groups to maintain an active dialogue between employees and management.

The UBS Employee Forum (UBSEF) was established in 2002 and has representatives from 18 countries across Europe. The UBSEFIt facilitates an open exchange of views and information on pan-European issues that have the potential to impactcan affect our regional performance, prospects or operations. Additionally, local forums address issues such as health and safety, changes to workplace conditions, pension arrangements and consultation on collective redundancies and business transfers. In Switzerland, for example, the Employee Representation Committee (ERC) partners with UBS management in annual salary negotiations and represents employee interests on specific topics outlined in the collaboration and co-determination clauses of staff policies. It also supports open dialogue through a variety of channels and activities. ERCEmployee Representation Committee representatives are elected to represent employees whose work contracts are governed by Swiss law and the ACEBS.Agreement on Conditions of Employment for Bank Staff. The UK Employee Forum, (UKEF), which is formed by elected representatives from all of our UK businesses and appointed management representatives, focuses on local economic, financial and social activities of concern toconcerning UK employees. It may also be used for definingto develop workforce agreements affecting UK employees. Collectively, the UBSEF,UBS Employee Forum, including the ERCEmployee Representation Committee and UKEF,UK Employee Forum, represents over 40%about 50% of our global workforce.

 

 

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To the management of

UBS AG, Zurich and Basel

Basel, 13 March 2012

Independent assurance report

Our engagement

We have performed a limited review of the information disclosed as part of the GRI-based sustainability reporting of UBS AG (hereafter “Report”):

Information in the “Corporate responsibility” section of the Annual Report 2011, for the reporting period 1 January to 31 December 2011 (pages 222 to 233)

Information in the “Our employees” section of the Annual Report 2011, for the reporting period 1 January to 31 December 2011 (pages 234 to 239)

Information for the reporting period 1 January to 31 December 2011, which is referred to in the GRI Content Index (online athttp://www.ubs.com/content/dam/static/corporate_responsibility/GRI_Content_lndex.pdfas per date of this report)

We performed our review to obtain limited assurance as to the extent to which the abovementioned information provides, in all material respects, a reliable and adequate representation of the policies, business operations, events and performance with respect to sustainability for the reporting period 2011.

Our procedures were planned to obtain limited assurance as a basis for our conclusion. The scope of work to obtain evidence is reduced compared to the scope required to obtain reasonable assurance (e.g., in an audit of financial statements) such that a lower degree of audit assurance is obtained.

Limitations of the engagement

Our engagement was limited to a review of the information explicitly listed above. We have not assessed the following information disclosed in the report:

KPIs for the previous reporting periods were not reviewed unless it was required for plausibility checks.

All information contained in other sections of the Annual Report 2011. The financial information in scope of the statutory audit of the financial statements have not been additionally reviewed to obtain limited assurance. Our review was limited to the presentation of the information in line with the GRI requirements.

Similarly, our engagement did not include a review of forward-looking statements.

Criteria

UBS AG prepared the report based on the following reporting principles and criteria applicable in the reporting year 2011 (hereafter “criteria”):

Sustainability Reporting Guidelines Vol. 3.0 of the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) application level A+

Internal policies and process descriptions in support of GRI Guidelines Vol. 3.0 as per date of this report

A summary of the guidelines is presented on the GRI homepage (online athttps://www.globalreporting.org/reporting/latest-guidelines/g3-guidelines).We assessed the report against the criteria. We believe that these criteria are a suitable basis for our review.

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2

Responsibility of UBS AG’s management

The management of UBS AG is responsible for the preparation of the report and the information contained therein in accordance with the aforementioned criteria. This responsibility includes developing, implementing and safeguarding internal controls of material importance for the preparation of a report that is free of material misstatement. In addition, the responsibility includes selecting and applying suitable reporting standards as well as measurement methods and estimates deemed suitable in view of the circumstances.

Our approach

Our responsibility is to express a conclusion on the information disclosed in the sustainability report based on our review to obtain limited assurance. We planned and performed our engagement in accordance with the International Federation of Accountants’ International Standard for Assurance Engagements Other than Audits or Reviews of Historical Financial Information (ISAE3000) and the Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants, issued by the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC), which includes reguirements in relation to our independence. We performed all of the procedures needed to ensure a sufficient and suitable basis for our conclusion.

In accordance with the engagement agreement, our duty of care for this engagement only extends to the management of UBS AG.

Overview of our work

Within the scope of our engagement, we obtained evidence on a sample basis considering materiality and assurance engagement risk to obtain limited assurance on the compliance of the report with the reporting principles and criteria. The nature and scope of our work, including appropriate samples, were based on our professional judgment used in forming our conclusion. The performance of our engagement included the following procedures:

Assessment of the suitability of the underlying criteria and their consistent application

Interviews with employees regarding the sustainability strategy of UBS AG

Interviews with employees responsible for preparing the GRI-based sustainability reporting to assess the process of preparing the report, the reporting system, the data capture and compilation methods as well as internal controls to the extent relevant for a review of the report

Surveys of employees in specialist departments responsible for the topics “Corporate responsibility” and “Our employees”

Inspection of the documentation of the systems and processes for compiling, analyzing, and aggregating sustainability data and testing such documentation on a sample basis

Analytical considerations, surveys and inspections of documents on a sample basis with respect to the compilation and reporting of quantitative data included in the report

Evaluating the overall view of sustainability information provided in the report

Our conclusion

Based on our review, nothing has come to our attention that causes us to believe that the report does not comply in all material respects with the aforementioned criteria and the application level A+ of the Global Reporting Initiative.

Ernst & Young Ltd

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Jonathan Bourne

Roger Amhof

Partner

Partner

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Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

Compensation

 

Compensation

 

 

Letter from the Human Resources and Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors

 

Dear shareholders,

AsFollowing the new chair of the Human Resources andadvisory vote on UBS’s Compensation Committee (HRCC), I am pleased to submit our compensation report for 2011, for which we will seek your supportReport at ourlast year’s Annual General Meeting in May(AGM), we consulted widely with our shareholders to better understand your views with regard to improving our compensation plans and disclosures. We incorporated the findings from these consultations into our review process and have implemented wide-ranging changes for 2012. I and the rest of the Board of Directors (BoD) are convinced that the revamped compensation framework will help us achieve our primary objective of delivering attractive and sustainable returns over the medium to longer-term to our shareholders.

I would likeOur compensation philosophy is to take this opportunity to thank my predecessor, Sally Bott, for her contributionprovide our employees with compensation that recognizes their individual contributions and that clearly links their pay not just to the Committee indelivery of business targets but also to demonstrating the past,right behaviors. It is also important to recognize that UBS is undergoing a fundamental transformation which takes time to achieve and it remains critical that we continue to Helmut Panke, who stepped in as interim chair of the HRCC after Sally’s departureattract, motivate and prior to my appointment. I also welcome Wolfgang Mayrhuber, who joined the Committee in 2011.

We firmly believe that successfully implementing our business strategy and improving our profitability can only be achieved by havingretain the right people atin order to execute our strategy.

The 2012 changes to our compensation framework start with the firm. As such,elimination of all plans with upside leverage and a complete alignment of our model for all

employees, by having just two deferred variable compensation remainsplans – a deferred share plan and a new deferred contingent capital plan (DCCP). These instruments incorporate:

longer deferral periods (share plan with three to five years for full vesting and DCCP with five-year cliff vesting);

more challenging multi-year performance conditions and forfeiture triggers;

enhanced “harmful acts” provisions; and

no leverage.

Furthermore, in relation to Group Executive Board (GEB) members specifically, we have:

increased the UBS share retention requirement by 67% for the Group CEO, and 75% for other GEB members;

introduced a cap on the GEB performance award pool of up to 2.5% of adjusted pre-tax profit – for 2012 the actual size of the award pool was well below the cap at 1.7% of the adjusted pre-tax profit; and

introduced additional performance conditions such that 100% of GEB deferred compensation is subject to forfeiture if performance conditions are not met.

The far-reaching changes to our compensation framework and the alignment of key strategic importanceour plans to our strategy strengthen the

link between compensation and the firm’s medium to longer-term performance. Put simply, we believe our new compensation structure will help to promote a stronger pay-for-performance culture and will discourage excessive risk-taking.

With regard to the actual awards for us. By offering compensation that is competitive2012, the HRCC and features a balanced mixthe BoD have tried to balance the many positive developments during the year, including:

the firm’s strong share price performance, which was up 28% over the year;

significant progress in building our industry-leading capital ratios;

the target for reducing risk-weighted assets being exceeded;

substantial net new money inflows; and

sufficient progress in executing the firm’s strategy set out in 2011 to enable UBS to announce an acceleration of its implementation in October 2012,

with the disappointing loss for the year, which was primarily driven by goodwill impairment charges, increased charges for litigation and regulatory matters, including the cost of fixed and variable elements, we can attract the talented professionals that we seek,LIBOR settlement, as well as motivate themown credit losses.

Taking all these factors into consideration and recognizing the tremendous efforts of our people to perform well and encourage them to stay.

At the same time, we want to ensure that our employees’ interests are aligned with those of

our shareholders. Accordingly, a significant part of the incentives that we award is deferred over several years and may be forfeited when employees act against the interests of the firm or when any applicable performance conditions are not met. These incentives reward our employees for performing well and, together with the risk considerations that are integrated within the compensation process, keep them focused on the long-term profitability of the firm.

Adapting to a new market environment

Last year was a turbulent one for our industry, and many of the challenges that were present in 2011 will remain in 2012 and beyond. Financial firms, including UBS, continue to face volatility in the financial markets, which has dampened earnings in a number of businesses. Banks must also cope with the impact of substantial new capital requirements, which are widely expected to lead to lower returns on capital in the industry in the future.

We are keenly aware that the environment in which we operate is changing dramatically. It is therefore imperative that we adapt accordingly. We recognize that past levels of compensation will be unsustainable in the future if profitability declines throughout the

industry. In this new environment, we must find the right balance between the sometimes conflicting objectives related to compensation, namely, ensuring that we retain the qualified, competent people needed to deliver sustained success, keeping pay aligned with performance, and building up sufficient capital to meet the new regulatory requirements with which we must comply.

Applying our approach successfully in 2011

Despite the new realities that we face, we are convinced that our approach to compensation remains appropriate. In 2011, our compensation framework responded effectively to the decline inmake progress towards achieving the firm’s overall performance as well as the impact of the unauthorized trading incident within the Investment Bank. Our significantly smaller bonus pool reflects our weaker performance last year, in particular at the Investment Bank, and demonstrates our commitment to ensuring that pay is appropriate in relation to performance.

Appropriately, our lower profitability affected compensation at an individual level. In addition to the impact that our weaker share price performance had ontargets, we have

 

 

 

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reduced the value ofoverall performance award pool to CHF 2.5 billion (a 7% decrease on 2011 and a 42% decrease on 2010). The performance award pools for individual business areas reflect their awards, employees saw their share-based incentives further reduced last year due to the application of performance conditions in our variable compensation plans that enabled us to claw back unvested bonuses that had been awarded in previous years. At the Investment Bank, 50% of bonuses granted under the Senior Executive Equity Ownership Plan and the Performance Equity Ownership Plan in 2011 that were due to vest in 2012 have been forfeited.

The unauthorized tradingparticular performance. In some business areas within the Investment Bank represented a setback for us. Givenand the serious nature of this incident, we took disciplinary action against certain employees involved, including some in supervisory roles andCorporate Center, pool funding has shrunk by as much as 20%, while other business areas have seen modest rises in the relevant control functions. Such action included appropriate measures regarding their compensation. The substantial financial and reputational damage contributed to a 60% reduction in the bonus pool for the Investment Bank.

Continuing to integrate risk perspectives

The unauthorized trading incident served to underscore the importance of ensuring that risk perspectives are adequately considered in

making compensation decisions. Over the course of last year, we undertook more work to ensure that risk controls are integrated within our compensation framework. In line with evolving practice in the industry, we adapted our approach to identifying our key risk-takers, individuals in our organization who, by the naturesize of their role, can materially set, commit or controlpools.

In addition, we determined that the firm’s resources, and/or exert influence overGEB would receive no part of their 2012 performance awards in cash. Therefore 100% of every GEB member’s performance award for 2012 is deferred and subject to forfeiture if performance conditions are not achieved.

Taken together, we believe 2012’s reduced performance award pool and the firm’s risk profile, and to whom specific stringent compensation measures apply. As a result, the number of identified key risk-takers more than doubled to around 450 last year from around 200 in 2010.

An effective and enduring approach

Our compensation system was fundamentally revised in 2009, andsignificant adjustments we have made only minor adjustments to our variableUBS’s compensation plans demonstrate our commitment to reflect new requirementsstrengthen employee focus on and accountability for longer-term performance. We recognize that have emergedcertain features in our plans such as the longer deferrals are more demanding when compared with others in the years since. While a number of improvements were made to strengthen how we identify key risk-takers and measure their performance, no specific changes were made to the overall framework in 2011. It thus offers stability and continuity, as well as the necessary features

that allow us, on one hand, to motivate our employees by rewarding strong performance, and on the other hand, to withdraw or reduce incentives where performance has been weak or where employees act against the interests of the firm.

Nonetheless, we will keep our framework under review to ensure that it continues to meet our key goal of aligning employee and shareholder interests by rewarding people for delivering sustainable long-term profitability. While we are certain that it will evolve in response to new regulations and increased capital requirements,industry. However, we are convinced that the approach we have adoptedframework is fundamentally sound and that it will continue to serve us well as we position ourselvesthe right one for the future.firm and provides a balanced approach whereby we reward employees who execute the firm’s strategy successfully and responsibly.

The BoD and I would like to thank our shareholders for the time they took to meet with us and share their views on compensation. Over the following pages you will find the details on UBS’s compensation for 2012, for which we will seek your support at our AGM in May 2013. The BoD and I are committed to continually improving our reporting to you on compensation matters and we welcome your feedback on this report.

 

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Ann F. Godbehere

Chair of the Human Resources

and Compensation Committee of

the Board of Directors

 

 

 

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Compensation governance

Given the significant role that compensation plays in attracting and retaining talent, and the strong impact that it thus has on the firm’s future success, it is critical that we have appropriate compensation principles. Our compensation governance principles

Ensuring we have strong governance and oversight of our compensation process is the responsibility of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee. Such governance is crucial to ensure that our compensation processes are designedtransparent and fair, that we set appropriate incentives to attract and retain the best people, and that we support long-termand reward sustainable value creation and include appropriate checks and balances. They ensure that we continue to keep compensation aligned within the long-termlonger-term interests of our shareholders and that we incentivize appropriate risk-taking.shareholders.

The Human Resources and Compensation Committee (HRCC), as is a committee of the Board of Directors (BoD), is mandated to develop recommendations regarding our compensation plans and programsconsists of four independent BoD members. On 31 December 2012, the HRCC members were Ann F. Godbehere, who chairs the committee, Rainer-Marc Frey, Wolfgang Mayrhuber and overall bonus funding.Helmut Panke.

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Refer to the “Board of Directors” section of this report for further information about the Human Resources and Compensation Committee

UBS’s corporate governance principles are in compliance withOverview of the relevant laws, rules and regulations, including the Swiss Financial Market Regulatory Authority (FINMA) Circular 2010/1 that sets minimum standards for the design, implementation and disclosure of remuneration schemes at financial firms.

Human Resources and Compensation CommitteeHRCC’s work

The HRCC is composedmeets regularly and works closely with the Risk Committee to ensure that risk considerations are embedded in our compensation framework and processes. Helmut Panke and

Rainer-Marc Frey are members of four independent BoD members. On 31 December 2011,both the HRCC members were Ann F. Godbehere, who chaired the committee following her reelection to the BoD at the Annual

General Meeting (AGM) in April 2011, Bruno Gehrig, Wolfgang Mayrhuber and Helmut Panke. The committee held 13 meetings in 2011. Each meeting had an average attendance of 96%. External advisors attended nine of those meetings. The Chairman of the BoD and the Group Chief Executive Officer (Group CEO) were present at 10Risk Committee and 11 of those meetings, respectively.

During the year,this affords the HRCC reappointed Hostettler, Kramarsch & Partneran invaluable risk perspective when considering compensation-related issues. The HRCC also appoints external advisors to provide impartial external advice on compensation-related matters. The company has no other mandates with UBS. Compensation consulting firm Towers Watson, which was appointed by Group Human Resources, continued to provide the HRCC withmatters as well as data on market trends and benchmarks, including in relation to Group Executive Board (GEB) and BoD compensation. Various subsidiaries

Among its other responsibilities, the HRCC, on behalf of Towers Watson provide similar data to Group Human Resources in relation to compensation at lowerthe BoD:

reviews our Total Reward Principles;

reviews and approves annually the design of the total compensation framework, including compensation strategy, programs and plans;

reviews performance award funding throughout the year and

 

 

Compensation authorities

 

The BoD has the ultimate responsibility for approving the compensation strategy proposed by the HRCC, a BoD committee that determines the appropriate level of resources for compensation matters.

 

,Recipients  Compensation recommendations developed by  Approved by  Communicated by

Chairman of the BoD

  Chairperson of the HRCC  HRCC  HRCC

Group CEOIndependent BoD members

(remuneration system and fees)

  Chairman of the BoD and HRCC  BoD  Chairman of the BoD
      

Group CEO

Chairman of the BoD and HRCC

BoD

Chairman of the BoD

GEB members

  

HRCC and Group CEO

  

BoD

  

Group CEO

       
      
Key risk-takers (excluding GEB members)1Risk Takers  Responsible GEB member together with functional management team  Divisional pools: HRCC
Overall pool: BoD
  Line manager
Independent BoD members (remuneration system and fees)Chairman of the BoD and HRCCBoDChairman of the BoD
      
Recipients  Variable compensation recommendations developed by  Approved by  Communicated by

Employees

(excluding GEB members)

  Responsible GEB member together with functional management team  

Divisional pools: HRCC

Overall pool: BoD

  Line manager

1 Additional performance condition applies.

 

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levels ofproposes the organization. Towers Watson has no other compensation-related mandates with UBS.

Responsibilities and authorities of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee

The HRCC reviews the Total Reward Principles – on which our approach to compensation is founded – annually, and submits any amendmentsfinal performance award pool to the BoD for final approval. In addition, the HRCC:

reviews and approves the design of the total compensation framework, including compensation strategy, programs and plans, on behalf of the BoD;

reviews variable compensation funding throughout the year on behalf of the BoD and proposes the final bonus pool to thefull BoD for approval;

 

together with the Group CEO,Chief Executive Officer (Group CEO), proposes base salaries and annual bonusesperformance awards for GEB members to the BoD, which approves the total compensation of the GEB;

 

together with the Chairman of the BoD, proposes the compensation for the Group CEO; and

 

approves the total compensation for the Chairman of the BoD.BoD;

together with the Chairman, proposes the total individual compensation for independent BoD members for approval by the BoD; and

ensures that there is an appropriate focus on talent development and management with respect to our business heads and key senior leaders.

MembersIt is important to note that the Group CEO and the Chairman of the GEB and BoD domay not attend any parts of committee meetings at which specific decisions are takenmade about their own individual compensationcompensation. These decisions are at the discretion of the HRCC and have no rightthe BoD. Base fees and committee retainers received by independent BoD members are subject to an annual review. A proposal is submitted by the Chairman of the BoD to the HRCC, which then submits a say in orrecommendation to otherwise influence such decisions.the BoD.

TheIf you would like more information regarding the responsibilities and authorities for compensation-related decisions illustrated in the table “Compensation authorities” on the precedingprevious page, are set out inplease see “Annex B – Responsibilities and authorities,”authorities” and “Annex C – Charter of the Committees of the Board of Directors of UBS AG” of the Organization Regulations of UBS AG. These can be found atwww.ubs.com.

The Risk Committee’s involvement ininput is critical to ensuring our compensation mattersplans continue to fully reflect our approach to risk management and control

Ours is a risk management business and our success depends on prudent risk-taking. We will not tolerate inappropriate behavior that can harm the firm, its reputation or the interests of our many stakeholders. The Risk Committee assumes an essential role in supportingworks closely with the HRCC to ensure thatour compensation plans are aligned withreflect our business strategy,approach to risk management and that policies are designed to enhance risk awareness and compliance with risk policies.control. The Risk Committee supervises and sets appropriate risk management and control principles including those relating to credit, market, country and operational risks; treasury and capital management; and balance sheet management. In doing so, it also examines the possibility of reputational risk. The committee is also briefed by management regardingreceives regular briefings on how risk has beenis factored into the

compensation process and howprocess. It also monitors Group Risk Control has been involvedControl’s involvement in implementing compensation programs. In addition, the committeeprograms and reviews whether the risk-related aspects of the compensation process have been adhered to.

Human Resources and Compensation Committee – additional information

The HRCC and Risk Committee meet periodically to discuss topics on which they have shared responsibility. Furthermore, Mr. Panke sits on both these committees, thereby providing a valuable risk perspectiveheld 13 meetings in considering compensation-related issues.

Decision-making process for Group Executive Board member compensation

One2012. Each meeting had an average attendance of 85%. External advisors attended 11 of those meetings. The Chairman of the HRCC’s main responsibilities is to make recommendations for the actual amount of variable cashBoD and equity compensation awarded to each GEB member in each performance year. Its recommendations are submitted to the BoD for approval. This process relies on a detailed and balanced review, not only of the performance of the Group, but of the relevant business division and the impact of specific individuals. It considers Group and divisional performance information, including risk-adjusted profitability and other financial and non-financial factors such as client focus, leadership effectiveness, risk management and remediation, strategy execution and reputational impact. It also takes into account performance information from the businesses, initial compensation recommendations from the Group CEO termswere present at all 13 of employment contracts, regulatory requirements and relevant market data, such as that relatingthose meetings, although they were absent during discussions related to industry compensation trends.

Shareholders’ advisory vote

We valuetheir own compensation. During the opinionsyear, the HRCC reappointed Hostettler, Kramarsch & Partner to provide impartial external advice on compensation-related matters. The company has no other mandates with UBS. The HRCC reviewed the company’s certification of our shareholders. As such, we will provide, as we have doneits independence based on the past three years, an opportunity for shareholders to express their views through an advisory vote on this compensation report at the AGM in May 2012. While such a vote is advisory in nature, we encourage our shareholders to participate in it as we regard it as a meaningful way of involving themfactors outlined in the New York Stock Exchange listing rules. Compensation consulting firm Towers Watson, appointed by Group Human Resources, continued to provide the HRCC with data on market trends and benchmarks, including in relation to GEB and BoD compensation. Various subsidiaries of Towers Watson provide similar data to Group Human Resources in relation to compensation discussion and take its outcome seriously. Shareholders also haveat lower levels of the opportunity to raise questions at the AGM, and can address their questions about compensation or related issues at any time to BoD members by contacting the Company Secretary. Contact details are provided at the end of this report.organization. Towers Watson has no other compensation-related mandates with UBS.

 

 

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Compensation

 

Our Total Reward Principles

Our approach to compensation is based onphilosophy and objectives are embodied in our “TotalTotal Reward Principles.” These principles establish a framework for ensuring that performance is the key consideration behind our compensation policies and that risk control is appropriately integrated within our compensation processes. At the same time, they specify They influence how we structure compensation and provide funding for our bonusperformance award pool. They reflect our focus on pay for performance, sustainable profitability, sound governance and risk awareness, and build on the UBS strategy of enhancingsupport the firm’s reputation, increasing client focusstrategy by promoting and teamwork,rewarding behavior that enhances the firm’s position and improving integration and execution. At the same time, they give full effect to the relevant regulatory requirements.

The Total Reward Principles apply to all employees across the Group globally. We provide specific guidance as to how the principles are implemented in practice, which may vary in certain locations due to local laws and regulations.

We remain fully committed to these principles. Over the course of the year, we continued to apply them to ensure that our performance and compensation objectives were achieved and that the governance processes with respect to compensation were firmly in place.reputation. The Total Reward Principles were reaffirmedreconfirmed by the Human Resources and Compensation Committee (HRCC)on 24 October 2012.

Ensuring we attract and reconfirmed byengage a diverse, talented workforce

The success of the BoDbusiness is dependent upon attracting and retaining talented people who will help us successfully execute our strategy in a responsible manner and thus create longer-term, sustainable value for our shareholders. We aim to offer market-competitive compensation that strikes an appropriate balance between fixed and variable elements. We believe base salaries need to be sufficient to allow for a flexible policy when it comes to performance awards. We set performance award levels that encourage our employees to perform and to be entrepreneurial, while at the same time placing an emphasis on 1 December 2011.strong risk management and measured risk-taking.

è

Refer to the “Overview of our compensation model” section of this report for more information about our compensation system

Total Reward Principles

 

The four Total Reward Principles establish a framework for managing performance and integrating risk control. They also specify how we structure compensation and provide necessary funding for our bonusperformance award pool. These principles apply to all employees, but may vary in certain locations due to local laws and regulations.

 

LOGOLOGO

Attract and engage a diverse, talented workforce

Our need to attract and retain talented, competent employees to help implement our business strategy and create sustainable value for our shareholders over the long term underpins our compensation policies. We offer market-competitive compensation that strikes an appropriate balance between fixed and variable elements. Base salaries should be sufficient to allow for a flexible policy when it comes to variable compensation. We set award levels that incentivize employees to perform and to be entrepreneurial, while at the same time placing an emphasis on strong risk management and measured risk-taking.

è

Refer to the “Overview of our compensation model” section of this report for more information about our compensation system

FosterHow we foster effective individual performance management and communication

We evaluateThroughout the firm, sustainable performance rigorously to ensure that compensation is fairly and appropriately allocated. Employees are assessed against a rangethe key factor in determining compensation. Our assessment of an employee’s performance goes beyond the achievement of financial objectives and non-financial objectives.takes account of the longer-term risk impact of an employee’s actions and any relevant reputational issues. In determining the annual bonus for employees,an employee’s performance award, we not only consider their contribution to UBS’s Group or business division results and whether they have achieved their individual performance objectives, but also take into account whether they:

 

observeadhere to our corporate values and principles;

 

implement our strategic goals of enhancing reputationclient focus, excellence and improving integration and execution;sustainable performance;

 

demonstrate leadership when it comes to our clients, business, people and change;

 

lead or support effective collaboration and teamwork;

 

operate with a high level of integrity and inensure compliance with UBS policies;

 

actively manage risk, including reducing operational risk, and strike an appropriate balance between risk and reward; and

 

exhibit professional and ethical behavior.

Employees are assessed not just absolutely against defined objectives, but also on a relative basis against their peers within UBS.the firm. This enables us to furtherfairly differentiate performance, and consequently compensation, in a morean objective, transparent and disciplined manner.

 è 

Refer to the “Our employees” section of this report for more information on our performance management processes

Align rewardEnsuring rewards are aligned with sustainable performance

Throughout UBS,the firm, sustainable performance is athe key factor in determining compensation. Our assessmentRefer to the following sections of performance goes beyond whether financial objectives have been achieved andthis report for more details.

 

 

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takes into account the long-term risk impact of employee actionsHow we support and reputational issues.

Variable compensation funding is primarily based on risk-adjusted profitability, that is, a measure of profitability adjusted to consider risks associated with particular transactions. This performance metric, which takes into account the cost of capital, not only supports our objectives and business strategy, but is also in line with regulatory requirements.

Our framework is sufficiently flexible to allow management to apply its judgment if it deems it appropriate. Adjustments may be made based on considerations relating to risk, quality and reliability of earnings, relative industry performance, future strategic plans, and market competitiveness. The divisional Chief Executive Officers, the Group CEO and the HRCC regularly review and monitor progress against business performance targets and the foregoing considerations that affect annual variable compensation funding. The bonus pool proposed by the Group CEO is reviewed by the HRCC and ultimately approved by the BoD. To ensure that any risk-related issues are fully considered, risk control functions are involved in the performance reviews of key risk-takers, who are individuals who can materially set, commit or control significant amounts of the firm’s resources, and other senior employees.

è

Refer to the “Compensation governance” section of this report for more information about responsibilities and authorities for compensation-related decisions

Supportpromote appropriate and controlled risk-taking

We place a strong emphasis on sound risk control in our compensation policies as our long-term sustainable performance depends on prudent and balanced risk-taking.policies.

Accordingly, our compensation system provides incentives that take specific account of risk. Our performance reviews recognize that different businesses have different risk profiles, and that additional factors should be considered, including the fact that earnings may vary in quality over time based on the risks taken, the full impact of which may only emerge in subsequent years. All employeesEmployees are expectedrequired to demonstrate an appropriate understanding of the nature of their business and its associated risks, including operational risks, to consider their actions in light of UBS’s reputation and risk appetite, and to accept responsibility for all risks that arise, which includes taking steps to manage and mitigate them. As part of their compliance training, employees are required to certify annually that they are compliant with various UBS policies.

In determining bonusperformance award funding, whether on a Group, divisional or business area level, we take the following key risks into account, where applicable: credit risk; market risk; credit risk; liquidity risk; compliancetreasury risk; operational risk;risk, including legal and compliance risks; and reputational risk. In 2010, our control functions introduced theseThe quantitative risk measures for each business area that are relevant inwe consider when determining their bonus pools. The risk metrics we use

performance awards include, but are not limited to, the level of impaired lending,liquidity-adjusted stress ratio, the number of days on which the daily value at riskvalue-at-risk is exceeded, and the number of operational risks and audit recommendations that are effectively resolved. Our risk measures are supplementedreinforced by qualitative assessments conducted by Risk and Legal & Compliance regardingrelating to how the businesses manage such issues.matters.

To keep our employees focused on the long-termlonger-term profitability of the firm, we require that a significant part of their bonusperformance award be deferred for up to threefive years if their total compensation exceeds CHF/CHF / USD 250,000. In the case of GEB members, the deferral period is up to five years to reflect the additional commitment and long-term performance that is expected from them. SomePart, or all, of the unvested deferred portion may be forfeited in certain cases, including ifcases. Examples include where an employee has acted contrary to the firm’s interests by contributing

to significant financial losses or restatements,restatements; causing reputational harm,harm; or breaching risk policy, legal or regulatory requirements, all of which constitute “harmful acts”.harmful acts.

In addition, we take specific measures regarding the compensation of our key risk-takers, who, as previously stated, are individuals who can materially set, commit or control significant amounts of the firm’s resources.Key Risk Takers. They are the most senior members of management, together with selected individuals who, by the nature of their role, exert significant influence over the firm’s risk profile. We identify these individuals, whether they are in front office,front-office, control or logistics functions (such as IT), consistent with specific regulatory guidance and best practice in the industry and in line with specific regulatory guidance.industry. During 20112012, the number of individuals identified as key risk-takersKey Risk Takers increased to more than doubled to around 450.500. Key risk-takersRisk Takers are subject to more rigorous scrutiny, which they receive in the form of performance evaluations from the control functions, and part of their compensation is subject to performance conditions. These compensation measures for key risk-takers, introduced in 2010, remained unchanged in 2011. Following the unauthorized trading incident within the Investment Bank, we reviewed these measures and determined that they remain appropriate.

To monitor risk effectively, our control functions, primarily Legal & Compliance, Risk Control Finance and Operational Risk,Finance, must be able to make independent decisions in overseeing our businesses. As such,independent. To support this, their compensation for these functions is determined independently from the revenue producers that they oversee, supervise or support. BonusTheir performance award pool funding for our control functions is not based on the performance of thethese businesses, that they support but instead reflects the performance of the firm as a whole. In addition, we consider other factors such as how well the function has in fact performed, together with our market positioning and the prevailing market trends. We do not permit bonus funding for these functions to be supplemented by funds from the business divisions.positioning. Decisions regarding individual compensation for the leaders of these control functions are made by the function heads and approved by the Group CEO.

Additionally, we have an internal disciplinary process which is relevant to all employees, the Incident & Consequences Process, that evaluates the behavior of employees involved in disciplinary events, incidents in which controls have been violated and cases of financial loss each year, and imposes compensation-related sanctions on the employees concerned.

 è 

Refer to the “Overview of our compensation model” section of this report for more information about key performance indicators and key risk-takersKey Risk Takers

 

 

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Compensation

 

 

BenchmarkingUpdated benchmarking against peers

 

We benchmark GroupGEB compensation and benefit levels against those of our peers. With respect to compensation for GEB members, we referpeers by referring to a peer group of companies that are selected based on the comparability of their size, business mix, geographic spread, productmix, and services scope,the extent to which they are our competitors for talent. We also consider the regulatory environment, and staffingthe culture and practices of these peers that may have an impact on their pay strategy and pay strategy, among other factors.levels. These companies, which are predominantly large European and US banks operating internationally, are our main competitors when it comes to hiring. They are

In 2012, the HRCC reviewed our peer benchmarking process. The committee decided that to improve comparability, it was appropriate to expand our peer comparison group by adding BNP Paribas, Goldman Sachs, Julius Baer, and Nomura. Consequently, our peer comparison group now consists of the following companies: Bank of America, Barclays, BNP Paribas,

Citigroup, Credit Suisse,

Deutsche Bank, Goldman Sachs, HSBC, JP Morgan Chase, Julius Baer, Morgan Stanley and Morgan Stanley.Nomura. The committee decided that a more diverse comparison group is appropriate given the wider variation in business models that is emerging across financial services and thus the broader array of competitors, particularly for talent.

In the view of the HRCC and the BoD, our executive compensation structure is appropriate relative to ourthis peer group. WeIt will continue to review the peer group regularly to ensure that the firms that constitute it remain relevant benchmarks for our purposes.the purposes of determining GEB compensation.

With regard to compensation for other employees, given the diversity of our

businesses, the companies we use as benchmarks vary with and are dependent on the relevant business divisions and

locations, as well as the nature of the positions involved. For certain businesses or positions, we may take into account other major international banks, theadditional large Swiss private banks, private equity firms, hedge funds and non-financial firms. Furthermore, we also benchmark employee compensation internally for comparable roles within and across business divisions and locations.

We believe that the extended length of our deferral periods and the scope of employees subject to the DCCP five-year cliff-vesting will go further than comparable requirements at many firms in our peer group. While these changes, coupled with reduced performance award pools in certain business areas, will require close management focus, we are confident that our compensation framework is right for the firm and reinforces our focus on medium- and longer-term performance.

 

 

Comparability assessment against main peers1peers1

 

Benchmarking ensures that our executive compensation is appropriate relative to our peer group. The key benchmarking criteria are summarized in the following table.

 

Firm  Size2  

Business

Products and services scopemix3

  

Geographic

Geographic scopemix4

  

Competitors for

Headquarters locationtalent5

  

HQ location:

Competitors for talentregulatory6

  

HQ location:

Regulatory/ political environmentgeography7

Staffing and pay strategy8

Bank of America  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO
BNP Paribas  LOGOLOGOLOGOLOGOLOGOLOGOLOGO
Barclays  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGOLOGO
Citigroup  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGOLOGO
Credit Suisse  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGOLOGO
Deutsche Bank  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO
Goldman Sachs  LOGOLOGOLOGOLOGOLOGOLOGOLOGO
HSBC  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGOLOGO
JP Morgan Chase  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO
Julius Baer  LOGOLOGOLOGOLOGOLOGOLOGOLOGO
Morgan Stanley  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO  LOGOLOGO
Nomura  LOGOLOGOLOGOLOGOLOGOLOGOLOGO

LOGO   Comparable  LOGO   MostlyLOGOLess comparable  LOGO   LOGOModerately comparable  LOGO   Less comparableLOGOComparable

 

 

1  Source: Towers Watson.Group Corporate Development assessed the criteria Size, Business and Geographic Mix and Group HR assessed the criteria Competitors for Talent and HQ locations.  2  Size: impacts management complexity regardless of product and geographic scope. Expressedevaluated in terms of revenue, profitability, assets and employee base.size. This would potentially impact management complexity outside of the impact of product mix and geography.  3  ProductBusiness mix in terms of type and services scope: impactssize of major businesses would impact pay strategy, pay levels/levels and approach and, importantly, risk profile.4  Geographic scope: impacts themix: evaluated not only in terms of mix, but also from a European HQ perspective. Impacts executive role definition of executive roles and management complexity.5  Headquarters location: a key factor in determining peer group choices.6  Competitors for talent: influences decisions relating to competitive requirements for pay structurefirms from which UBS recruits and levels./ or firms which recruit from UBS.  6  HQ location / regulatory: impact of the regulatory environment based on home regulator.  77Regulatory environment: increasingly  HQ location / geography: culture and practice that impacts pay structures (including deferral requirements) for executives.8  Staffing and pay strategy: identifies peers with similar pay and staffing strategies.strategy, levels.

 

 

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Overview of our compensation model

Our strategy places our clients’ best interests at the center of everything we do and is designed to help us deliver attractive and sustainable returns to our shareholders. Our success in doing so will ultimately depend on the efforts of our employees and we believe it is essential to provide them with the opportunity to participate in the firm’s longer-term success. However, we must clearly link pay with performance. To reinforce this link, the key performance indicators we use to measure our progress in executing our strategy are taken into account when determining the size of each divisional performance award pool and used as a basis for setting the performance conditions of our compensation plans.

Overview of key changes to compensation framework for performance year 20121

Group Executive Board (GEB)

All other employees with total compensation

above CHF / USD 250,000

–  GEB overall performance award pool capped at 2.5% of the firm’s adjusted pre-tax profit for each year.

–  Minimum number of UBS shares to be held up from 200,000 to 350,000 shares for each member, and from 300,000 to 500,000 shares for the Group CEO.

–  Cap on immediate cash paid as part of performance award reduced to CHF / USD 1 million (down from CHF / USD 2 million).

–  Deferred compensation mix now half in form of Equity Ownership Plan (EOP) awards and half in form of new Deferred Contingent Capital Plan (DCCP) awards. Total percentage of deferred compensation increased to at least 80%, from at least 76%.

–  DCCP awards consist of a notional bond which replicates many of the features of UBS contingent loss-absorbing bond placed in the market in 2012, with annual interest payments. Awards vest in their entirety after five years, provided no trigger or viability event occurs. 20% of the award may be forfeited for each year the firm does not achieve an adjusted pre-tax profit. 100% of award at risk of forfeiture. Interest will only be awarded for each year in which the firm achieves an adjusted pre-tax profit.

–  Vesting of EOP awards occurs in years 3 to 5, previously in years 1 to 5.

–  New compensation framework increases average deferral period for the GEB to 4.5 years (from 2.7 years for 2011).

–  More stringent performance conditions for EOP awards based on Group and divisional performance, so that 100% of the award is at risk of forfeiture (previously up to 50% at risk).

–  Discontinuation of Cash Balance Plan and Performance Equity Plan.

–  Enhanced harmful acts provisions.

–  Cap on immediate cash paid as part of performance award reduced to CHF / USD 1 million (down from CHF / USD 2 million).

–  Deferred compensation mix now half in form of EOP awards and half in form of new DCCP awards.

–  DCCP awards consist of a notional bond which replicates many of the features of UBS contingent loss-absorbing bond placed in the market in 2012, with annual interest payments. Awards vest in their entirety after five years, provided no trigger or viability event occurs. Interest will only be awarded for each year in which the firm achieves an adjusted pre-tax profit.

–  Vesting for EOP awards occurs in years 2 and 3, previously in years 1 to 3.

–  New compensation framework increases the average deferral period to 3.8 years (from 2.0 years for 2011).

–  More stringent performance conditions for EOP awards based on Group and divisional performance apply to Group Managing Directors, Key Risk Takers and Highly Paid Employees (i.e employees with a performance award of CHF / USD 2 million or more), so that 100% of their awards are at risk of forfeiture (previously up to 50% at risk).

–  Enhanced harmful acts provisions.

1  There are variations in plans for Global Asset Management employees, which are not reflected in this table.

 

Our compensation model is consistent with and supports our Total Reward Principles. It rewards appropriate risk-taking and behavior that produces sustainable results.

All UBS employeesHow we determine an individual’s pay

TheWe focus on an employee’s total compensation, employees receive haswhich consists of two elements: a fixed element, which is generally the base salary; and aan annual discretionary variable element, which is the bonus. In determining employees’ pay, and in benchmarking pay both internally and externally, we focus on total compensation, rather than its individual elements, as it presents a more comprehensive pictureperformance award. The level of an employee’s pay.

The amount of bonus that an employee receivesperformance award depends on variousseveral factors, including ourthe firm’s overall performance, the performance of the employee’s business division, and his or her individualthe individual’s performance.

We do not impose an absolute cap on total compensation or set a maximum multiple between the lowest and highest total compensation levelsTo safeguard against excessive pay in our organization. To do so would undermine our commitment to providing market-competitive and performance-related compensation. This approach allows us to have the flexibility required to respond to different circumstances, such as changing business and market conditions or retention needs. We do, however, set2012, we introduced a cap on the maximumsize of the GEB performance award pool of up to 2.5% of the Group adjusted operating profit. We also capped

the amount of immediate cash that can be paid as part of the total performance award granted to any employee at CHF / USD 1 million, which is paid out immediately in any year. Furthermore, each of our deferred variable compensation plans is capped ina 50% reduction on the sense that the maximum payout under each plan is fixed,

either in absolute or percentage terms. All monetary figures stated in the “Compensation” section are gross figures (compensation before applicable withholdings and deductions).previous cash cap.

Base salary

The base salary reflects an employee’s particular skills, role and experience while taking local market practices into consideration. Base salaries areIt is fixed amounts of cash, typicallyand usually paid monthly or semimonthly.semi-monthly. We review base salaries annuallyevery year to ensure they remain competitive, comparing them with the relevant internal and external benchmarks.

Adjustments are made when there is a significant change in job responsibility. Furthermore, we make annual adjustments to base salaries that reflect performance and respond to movements in the marketplace.

Following our annual base salary review, we have decided to very selectively increase base salaries for 2012. With effect from March 2012, base salaries were increased by a total of CHF 86 million or 1% of the monthly salary run rate for February 2012. This compares with a base salary increase made for 2011 of approximately 5%. The increases for 2012 apply primarily to employees who were promoted and those whose base salary fell significantly short of the market benchmark for their role. This is in contrast to 2011 when, in line with changes that were being made in the industry, increases were made in certain cases to effect a shift in the mix between base salary and bonus. Our total salary expense for 2011 was CHF 6,859 million, down 2% from 2010 and down 7% from 2009. Adjust-

 

 

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Compensation

Compensation overview1

 

A balanced mix of fixed and variable compensation ensures appropriate risk-taking and behavior that produces sustainable business results. A significant part of our compensation is paid in the form of deferred equity.

 

   

Chairman of


the BoD1

  

Board


of Directors

Group

Executive Board

  Key risk-takers2Group
Executive Board
  

Key Risk Takers

Other


employees

Base salary2  l     l  l  l
Cash bonusperformance award        l  ll
Cash BalanceEquity Ownership Plan (CBP)(EOP)3,4   lll
Deferred Contingent Capital Plan (DCCP)3,5lll
Base fee and committee retainer(s)6     l      
Performance Equity Plan (PEP)l
Senior Executive Equity Ownership Plan (SEEOP)l
Equity Ownership Plan (EOP)l4l3,4
Base fee and committee retainer(s)l5   

1  All monetary figures stated in the “Compensation” section are gross figures (compensation before applicable withholdings and deductions).”  2  The base salary of the Chairman of the BoD consists of a cash amount and a fixed number of shares.  2  Bonuses granted to key risk-takers are also based on an additional evaluation of these employees’ performance, in which their risk-taking activities are specifically considered.  3  All employees with a total compensation of CHF/CHF / USD 250,000 or more are eligible.  4  Additional profitability performance condition for key risk-takers,GEB members, Key Risk Takers, Group Managing Directors and other employees with a total bonusperformance award exceeding CHF/CHF / USD 2 million.  5  Additional performance condition if our Basel III common equity tier 1 ratio falls below 7% or if a viability event occurs.  6  At least 50% of the base fee is paid in blocked UBS shares.

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Compensation

 

Bonusments are made when there is a significant change in job responsibility, and we may make annual adjustments to reflect performance and respond to movements in the marketplace.

In 2011, we made very limited salary increases, and we continued this approach in 2012 to keep our fixed-cost base down. With effect from March 2013, base salaries were increased by a total of CHF 62 million or 1% of the monthly salary run rate for February 2013. This compares with a base salary increase made for the 2012 performance year of approximately 1.5%. The increases for 2013 apply primarily to employees who were promoted and those whose base salary fell significantly short of the market benchmark for their role. Our total salary expense for 2012 was CHF 6,814 million, down 1% from 2011 and down 3% from 2010.

Performance award

The majority of our permanent employees are considered for an annual discretionary bonus.performance award. The amount of bonus awardedany performance award depends on an individual’sthe factors, including, but not limited to, those mentioned at the start of this section, and is at the complete discretion of the firm.

As previously stated, performance and role, as well asawards are fully discretionary. For the 2012 performance year, for employees across the Group, the performance award was, on average, approximately 37% of the Groupbase salary. Among GEB members in office at the end of 2012, it was, on average, 321% of a GEB member’s base salary. For 2011, the comparable figures were 40% and the relevant business division – on an absolute as well as relative basis.331%, respectively.

Key performance indicators

Group and business divisionThe performance are relevant in determining the size of the divisional bonus pools, while the size of the business area pools depends on business division and business area performance. Although the amount of bonus that an individualGroup is awarded necessarily depends on the available funding for his or her business area and business division, as well as on the achievement of his or her individual goals, we do not apply a formula or assign weightings to specific performance indicators in determining individual bonuses. Bonus levels can fluctuate significantly from year to year, such that it is possible that an individual receives no bonus in a given year. For example, for 2011, 17% of eligible employees at the Investment Bank received no bonus mainly as a result of the Investment Bank’s poor performance, including the impact of the unauthorized trading incident. By way of comparison, 10% of eligible employees across the Group as a whole received no bonus for 2011.

è

Refer to the “Compensation funding and expenses” section of this report for more information

We assess Group performanceassessed using key criteria such as risk-adjusted profits, its performance relative to the industry and its general market competitiveness.

KeyIn addition to the key performance indicators for the business divisions vary. Wemetric of risk-adjusted profitability, we use a number of additional criteria to assess the financial performance of each of our business divisions.

For example:

we assess the performance of business areas in our wealth management businesses using criteria such as the level of net new money over the year;

in our wealth management businesses using criteria such as the level of net new money over the year and the return on assets. At the Investment Bank, we consider factors such as revenue and profitability, the cost-income ratio and return on risk-weighted assets;

the financial performance of business areas in Global Asset Management is assessed using criteria such as the level of assets under management and investment performance.

Risk-related objectives also vary between businesses and include:

the client credit documentation and operational costs in our wealth management businesses;

the number of days during which the daily value-at-risk limit is exceeded in the Investment Bank;

whether risk investment guidelines and Group and risk policies have been adhered to, and whether significant risk events occur in Global Asset Management; and

broader qualitative indicators taking into account our market position for a large part of the Corporate Center.

For the Group as a whole, we consider factors such as revenueprogress against our strategic initiatives, including, but not limited to, risk-weighted asset reduction, balance sheet reduction, delivery of cost efficiencies and profitability, the cost-income ratio and the return on risk-weighted assets, while at Global Asset Management the financial performance of business areas is assessed using criteria such as the level of assets under management and investment performance. Risk-related objectives include, in our wealth management businesses, the level of impaired lending and operational costs; in investment banking, the number of days during which the daily value at risk is exceeded; and in Global Asset Management, whether risk investment guidelines and Group and risk policies have been adhered to, andcapital accretion.

whether significant risk events occur. For a large part of the Corporate Center, we apply broader qualitative indicators, while taking into account our market position and the prevailing market trends. In addition, we look at the organization’s risk profile and culture, including the extent to which operational risks and audit issues are identified and resolved and the quality of its engagement in risk initiatives.

Members of the GEB have key performance indicators that are tied to Group and divisional goals. The Group CEO’s bonus depends on the performance of the Group asOn a whole, while GEB members who are divisional Chief Executive Officers are assessed based on Group and divisional profitability. Those who lead Group control functions or who are regional Chief Executive Officers are assessed based on the performance of the Group and the regions that they oversee. We also apply various qualitative criteria in evaluating the performance of GEB members. These include their ability to manage risk, bring about change in the organization, establish strong teams and develop new leadership. GEB members are also assessed based on how effectively they adhere to our strategic principles and apply our values.

We evaluate performance on an ongoing basis. If performance is weak, we reduce our bonus pool accruals as appropriate.

Deferral of bonuses

We pay a significant part of our variable compensation in the form of equity that is deferred over several years. The unvested deferred amounts are forfeited if employees have committed harmful acts or if any applicable performance conditions are not met. Bonuses awarded to employees with a total compensation, that is, a base salary and bonus, of CHF/USD 250,000 or more, are partially deferred. Above thisbusiness area level, employees receive a portion of their annual bonus in shares granted under the Equity Ownership Plan (EOP). Furthermore, we place a cap of CHF/USD 2 million on the amount that can be paid out immediately in cash.

For the 2011 performance year, for employees across all business divisions and locations, the bonus was, on average, approximately 37% of the base salary. Among GEB members, it was, on average, 331% of a GEB member’s base salary. In 2010, these figures were 60% and 510%, respectively. As previously stated, bonuses are fully discretionary and we do not set a fixed ratio between the bonus and base salary. The percentages stated above are based on the size of the bonus pools for 2011pool depends on its performance and 2010, respectively.that of the business division to which it belongs. This means an individual’s performance award depends on the

è

Refer to the “Deferred variable compensation plans” section of this report for more information

 

 

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Impact of the unauthorized trading incident

The serious nature of the unauthorized trading incident that was uncovered at the Investment Bank in September 2011 and the strong negative financial and reputational impact it had on the firm calledavailable funding for a thorough review of what happened and for disciplinary action to be taken against the employees involved. These include Kweku Adoboli, who has been charged with fraud and false accounting in connection with the unauthorized transactions, and those who supervised or worked alongside him in his specific business area. As our internal investigations revealed deficiencies in our operational risk controls, certain individuals in the relevant support and control functions were also disciplined.

Following this incident, we terminated the employment of certain individuals, including Mr. Adoboli. Several others chose to resign. In the case of most other employees involved, we determined the appropriate financial and non-financial measures to be taken by means of the firm’s internal disciplinary processes.

Our regulators in Switzerland and the UK are conducting a joint investigation into the unauthorized trading incident and have commenced separate enforcement proceedings against UBS in relation to this matter. We are cooperating fully with them.

Bonus pool funding

This incident had a significant effect on the financial performance of UBS, and of the

Investment Bank in particular, in 2011. Accordingly, it led to substantially lower bonuses for 2011, in particular at the Investment Bank. The bonus pools for all other business divisions and the Corporate Center were considerably less affected, largely in line with their business area and business division, as well as on their personal achievements. However, any performance award is made at UBS’s sole discretion and we do not apply a formula or assign weightings to specific performance indicators in the case of the Corporate Center, overall Group performance.determining individual performance awards. Performance award levels can fluctuate significantly from year to year and it is possible that an individual receives no performance award in a given year.

We evaluate performance on an ongoing basis. If performance is weak, we reduce our performance award pool accruals accordingly.

 è 

Refer to the “Compensation funding and expenses” section of this report for more information

Deferred compensation and bonusesDeferral of performance awards

A key featuresignificant part of our compensation frameworkperformance awards is the inclusion of forfeiture provisions in our deferred compensation plans which enable the firm to forfeit theover several years. The unvested deferred portionamounts are forfeited or reduced if any applicable performance conditions are not met or if employees commit harmful acts. Employees with a total compensation of an employee’s bonus if heCHF / USD 250,000 or she resigns voluntarily, is terminated for cause, or commits certain harmful acts that cause financial or reputational damagemore receive 40% of their performance awards in cash, subject to the firm.

Accordingly, certain employees whose employment was terminatedcash cap of CHF / USD 1 million. Above the total compensation threshold of CHF / USD 250,000, a minimum of 60% of their annual performance awards are deferred, with 30% in connection with the unauthorized trading incident have forfeited their unvested deferred compensation. In addition, we are currently reviewing whether the unvested deferred compensation of additional employees should be forfeited in connection with the incident. Some of these decisions will also depend on the outcome of investigations by our regulators.

The vesting of certain awards granted in prior yearsUBS shares that are subject to divisional profitability requirements has been affected as a result ofdeferred under the impact that the unauthorized trading incident has had on the Investment Bank’s financial performance in 2011. As a result, 50% of the first installment of the Senior Executive Equity Ownership Plan (SEEOP) award(EOP) with the remaining 30% granted under the Deferred Contingent Capital Plan (DCCP). Global Asset Management employees receive 45% of their performance awards in 2011 to Carsten Kengeter, CEOcash-settled notional funds under the EOP and the remaining 15% under the DCCP. A high-level overview of the Investment Bank, was forfeited, as was 50% of the first installment of EOP awards granted in 2011 to Investment Bank employees who are key risk-takers, Group Managing Directors, or whose total bonus for 2010 exceeded CHF/USD 2 million. Consequently, these employees only received 50% of these unvested awards that were due to vest in March 2012.

Impactframework is provided on the GEB

The unauthorized trading incident was also considered in evaluating the performance of certain members of the GEB.

Former Group CEO Oswald J. Grübel, who assumed full responsibility for the matter, resigned at the end of September 2011. He elected not to be considered for a bonus and did not receive one for 2011. Likewise, Mr. Kengeter elected to receive no bonus for 2011.following page.

 è 

Refer to the discussion in the “2011“Deferred variable compensation for the Group Executive Board and Board of Directors”plans” section of this report for more information about the terms of our deferred variable compensation plans, including the forfeiture provisions to which they are subject, and the terms applicable to Global Asset Management employees

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Incident & Consequences Process

Any disciplinary action taken against an employee as a result of poor performance, inappropriate behaviorRefer to “Note 31 Equity participation and violations of controls or policies is considered during the year-end performance review, and may give rise to financial or non-financial consequences. Financial consequences include a reduced or no bonus, a reduced or no base salary increase and potential forfeiture of unvested deferred compensation. Non-financial consequences include a less favorable performance evaluation and cancellation of a promotion. These decisions are audited through an internal disciplinary process known as the “Incident & Consequences Process”. If the measures to be applied in a case with regard to base salary, bonus, promotion and performance rating are outside the established guidelines, the business is asked to review its decisions. Exception requests are presented to the Incident & Consequences Committee, which is comprised of the Group Chief Financial Officer, the Group Chief Risk Officer, the Group Head of Human Resources and the Global Head of Compliance. Requests are accompanied by a factual justification for the exception. The committee can grant or decline to grant an exception.

In 2011, 400 employees were subject to disciplinary reviews, though disciplinary action was not taken in all cases. These employees include those who were considered to have been potentially involvedother compensation plans” in the unauthorized trading incident.

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Advisory Vote“Financial information” section of this report for details of specific local plans with deferral provisions that differ from those described here

Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

compensation

Compensation for financial advisors in Wealth Management Americas

In line with market practice in the US for the brokerage business, the compensation system for financial advisors in Wealth Management Americas is based on commissions. The commissions, paid monthly, are based on revenue and other strategic performance measures and objectives. We reduce payout rates if financial advisors make repeated or significant client account or transaction errors. In addition to these commissions, advisors may also qualify for year-end awards, most of which are deferred over either a six-or 10-year period. The size of these awards may be based on length of service, the amount of net new money brought in, or the amount of revenue generated from Wealth Management-based services or products. For 2011, we paid a total of CHF 2,866 million in compensation to financial advisors in Wealth Management Americas.

Other variable compensation

To support hiring or retention, particularly at senior levels, we may offer certain incentives. These include the following:

 

replacement payments whichto compensate employees for deferred awards forfeited as a result of joining UBS;UBS. Such payments are standard industry practice and are often necessary to attract senior candidates who generally have a significant portion of their awards deferred at their current employer and where continued employment is required to avoid forfeiture. As a general principle, these “forfeited equity replacements” take into account the terms and features of any deferred award that an individual has forfeited upon joining UBS. As such, if, by joining UBS, an employee has

forfeited deferred equity compensation, this will be replaced by an award under the EOP. Replacement awards are not considered part of an employee’s total compensation although they constitute costs that the bank must incur to hire such employees.

 

on a very limited basis, guarantees may be required to attract individuals with certain skills and experience. These awards, which are fixed incentives either in cash or in equity awarded under a plan, are paid regardless of future events, andbut are limited to one year;the first performance year.

 

sign-on payments are occasionally offered to important top-level candidates to increase the chances of their accepting an offer; andoffer. Awards made to employees hired at the end of the year to replace performance awards that they have forfeited, as well as those offered to certain graduate hires, are also reported as sign-on payments.

 

retention payments made to key senior employees to induce them to stay, particularly during critical periods for the firm.

Replacement payments, guarantees and sign-on payments are usuallygenerally agreed at the time of hiring. The table on the following page 282 shows the amount of such payments made in 2011,2012, together with the number of beneficiaries.

Employment contracts for those holding the rank of Director and above generally contain a notice period of between one and six months, depending on the location, which such employees must serve and during which time they are paid their base salary. We provide for severance payments in redundancy cases when employees are asked to leave as part of a retrenchment program or a reduction in workforce.the work-force. These are governed by location-specific severance policies. At a minimum, we offer severance terms which comply with the applicable local laws (“legally obligated severance”). In certain locations, we may provide severance packages that are negotiated with our local social partners that go beyond these minimum legal requirements (“standard severance”). In addition, we may make severance payments that exceed legally obligated or standard severance payments (“supplemental

severance”) where we believe that they are appropriate under the circumstances. For example, we may grant a performance award bonuses on a pro-rated basis to employees who have performed well but have been made redundant after the third quarter of the year. In the exceptional cases that special payments are made outside the circumstances described above, or where substantial severance payments are made, a further stringent approval process applies.

With the exception of severance payments made in redundancy cases, all the payments described above, though typical in our industry, are only offered in special circumstances. They are highly restricted, take into account the specific circumstances of each case and are normally one-time payments with substantial deferral. They generally require the approval of the divisional Chief Executive OfficersCEO and Human Resources heads, and, in certain circumstances, the Group Head of Human Resources, the Group CEO or the Human Resources and Compensation Committee.HRCC. Furthermore, such payments may be forfeited or reduced should an employee subsequently act in a manner detrimental to the interests of the firm.

2012Special Plan Award Program for the Investment Bank

Making the Investment Bank more focused and less complex and substantially reducing our risk-weighted assets are key elements of our business strategy. To ensure that we succeed in doing so, it is crucial that we retain key staff at the Investment Bank to help us execute our plans. As part of our efforts to motivate senior managers and encourage them to stay, we have decided to make a one-off strategic award to certain Managing Directors and Group Managing Directors in the Investment Bank in April 2012. The award, made in UBS shares, will vest three years after the date of grant (that is, in 2015). Vesting is subject to performance conditions, strict forfeiture conditions and continued employment with the firm.

Consistent with our strategy of reducing our risk-weighted assets, the vesting of Special Plan awards is subject to performance conditions based on the level of reduction in risk-weighted assets achieved and the average published return on risk-weighted assets in the Investment Bank in 2012, 2013 and 2014.

    We will award a total of CHF 300 million under this program, the financial impact of which will be reflected in 2012 and in subsequent years. Special Plan awards represent an investment in critical staff. As such, they do not relate to or arise from performance in 2011, and do not form part of our 2011 bonus pool. Members of the Investment Bank’s Executive Committee received a significant part of their variable compensation in the form of Special Plan Awards, thereby further aligning their interests with those of our shareholders.

 

 

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Advisory Vote

Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

Compensation

 

2012 compensation framework for all employees with total compensation of

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 Sign-on payments, severance payments and guarantees               
 CHF million, except where indicated  Total   Of which expenses
recognized in 2011 5
   Of which expenses
to be recognized
in 2012 and later
 
 Total sign-on payments1      
                 
 

Amount

   183     50     133  
                 
 

Number of beneficiaries

   828      
                 
 of which Group Executive Board (GEB) members2      
                 
 

Amount

   0     0     0  
                 
 

Number of beneficiaries

   0      
                 
 of which key risk-takers3      
                 
 

Amount

   62     13     49  
                 
 

Number of beneficiaries

   36      
                 
 Total guarantees      
                 
 

Amount

   237     102     135  
                 
 

Number of beneficiaries

   359      
                 
 of which GEB members3      
                 
 

Amount

   0     0     0  
                 
 

Number of beneficiaries

   0      
                 
 of which key risk-takers3      
                 
 

Amount

   84     33     51  
                 
 

Number of beneficiaries

   34      
                 
 Total severance payments4      
                 
 

Amount

   239     239     0  
                 
 

Number of beneficiaries

   1,530      
                 
 of which GEB members2      
                 
 

Amount

   0     0     0  
                 
 

Number of beneficiaries

   0      
                 
 of which key risk-takers      
                 
 

Amount

   5     5     0  
                 
 

Number of beneficiaries

   4      
                 
 

1  For the purpose of this table we consider replacement payments as sign-on payments.  2  Expenses for GEB members are reported on a pro rata basis. As for 2011 , no severance or sign-on payments were made to GEB members for 2010.  3  Expenses for key risk-takers are full-year amounts for individuals in office on 31 December 2011.  4  Includes legally obligated and standard severance payments, as well as supplemental severance payments of CHF 23 million which are expensed as discretionary bonus.  5  Expenses before post vesting transfer restrictions.

     

CHF/USD 250,000 or more, except GEB members1

The graph below provides an illustrative overview of the 2012 compensation framework for all employees with total compensation of CHF/USD 250,000 or more, excluding GEB members and Global Asset Management employees. It also provides a comparison with the framework for 2011.

Of the annual performance award, 40% is paid immediately in cash, 30% under the EOP and 30% under the DCCP.²

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1Except for Global Asset Management employees and employees in certain locations subject to specific local plans with different deferral provisions.  2Code Staff receive 50% in the form of blocked UBS shares.

 

Pensions and benefits

As part of our efforts to attract and retain the best employees, our total compensation includes, in addition to a base salary and bonus,We offer certain benefits such as health insurance and retirement benefits. These benefits vary depending on the location, but are competitive within each of the markets in which we operate.

The main aim of pensions is toPensions give employees and their dependents a level of security after their retirement or in the event of disability or death. While pension plans may vary across locations in accordance with local requirements, pension plan rules in any one location are generally the same for all employees in that location, including management.

We recently announced changes to our Swiss pension plan. These changes, which were made to reflect higher future life expectancy and the changed market environment, will take effect in 2013 and will apply

in their entirety to all employees in 2021. The main changes are an increase in the retirement age and a reduction in the conversion rate used to calculate the pension on retirement.

 è 

* Refer to “Note 2930 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans” in the “Financial Information” section of this report for more information

Employee share purchase program

To enableWe believe it is important that all our employees have the opportunity to invest in UBS and havetake a personal stake in the success of the firm, ourfirm. Our employee share purchase program, the Equity Plus Plan, allows employees

to contribute between 1%-30%up to 30% of their base salary and/and / or 1%-35%up to 35% of their bonusperformance award toward the purchase of UBS shares. All employees except those holdingbelow the rank of Managing Director and above are eligible to participate. Employees can purchase UBS shares at market price, butand receive one free share for every three purchased through the program. TheseShares purchased under the Equity Plus Plan are generally restricted from disposal for a maximum of three years from the time of purchase. The free shares vest after three years, with vesting subject to continued employment at UBS.with the firm.

Compensation for financial advisors in

Wealth Management Americas

In line with market practice in the US for brokerage businesses, the compensation system for financial advisors in Wealth Management Americas is based on commissions. The commissions, paid monthly, are based on revenue and other strategic performance measures and objectives. We reduce payout rates if financial advisors make repeated or significant client account or transaction

 

 

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Corporate governance, responsibility

and compensation

Advisory Vote

Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

compensation

Key risk-takers

 

As it constitutes sound business practice, particularlyerrors. In addition to these commissions, advisors may also qualify for year-end awards, most of which are deferred over either a six- or 10-year period. The size of these awards may be based on length of service, coupled with the amount of net new money brought in, relationor the amount of revenue generated from wealth management-based services or products. For 2012, we paid a total of CHF 2,793 million in compensation to financial advisors in Wealth Management Americas. These amounts are neither part of nor expensed in our effortsdiscretionary performance award pools and are categorized as “Wealth Management Americas financial advisor compensation”.

Identifying our Key Risk Takers

Identifying Key Risk Takers is important to ensure that we incentivize only appropriate risk-taking, and in compliance with regulatory requirements in major jurisdictions, we identify the key risk-takers at our firm. Theserisk-taking. Key Risk Takers are around 450 individualsdefined as those employees who by the nature of their role, have been determined to be able tocan materially set, commit or control significant amounts of the firm’s resources and /or/ or exert significant influence over its risk profile, whether they areprofile. This includes employees who work in the front office,front-office roles, logistics or control functions. There are currently more than 500 individuals classified as Key Risk Takers, including GEB members. We also include employees with a performance award exceeding CHF / USD 2 million (Highly Paid Employees) in this category if they have not already been identified as Key Risk Takers. All GEB members are key risk-takers.Key Risk Takers, but disclosed separately in this report.

Compensation measures for Key Risk Takers and

Highly Paid Employees

Key risk-takersRisk Takers identified at the beginning of the performance year are subject to an additional level ofa performance evaluation by the control functions. Additionally, the vesting of their deferred awards is partially contingent on the profitability of the business division in which they work, or, in the case of Corporate Center employees, on the profitability of the Group as a whole. Like all other employees, key risk-takersthey also face forfeiture or reduction of the deferred portion of their compensation if they commit harmful acts.

Equivalent compensation measures for Group Managing Directors

The same compensation measures apply to all Group Managing Directors (GMDs) regardless of whether they are determined to be key risk-takersKey Risk Takers or not, and to all employees with a total bonus exceeding CHF/USD 2 million. These two groupsnot. They receive part of employees receive their annual bonusesperformance award under the EOP and the DCCP, with the vesting of their deferred EOP awards partially contingent on the same performance

conditions to which key risk-takersKey Risk Takers are subject.

With effect from 2012, employees with a bonus exceeding CHF/ Furthermore, any immediate cash award in excess of the CHF / USD 21 million will also be considered key risk-takers if they have not already

been identifiedcap is deferred as such based on our overall criteria for identifying key risk-takers. This category of employees, who, as mentioned, are already subject toshares under the deferral measures that apply to key risk-takers, will in future also receive performance evaluations from the control functions.EOP.

 è 

Refer to the discussion “Support appropriate and controlled risk-taking” in the “Total Reward Principles” section of this report for more information

WhileWe believe that we complyare fully compliant with the relevant FINMASwiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) requirements regarding risk-takers, and we also consult with our other regulators around the globe on thisthe topic. We make separate disclosures about risk takers in our local annual reports in line with local disclosure requirements.

Identifying our UK Code Staff

In accordance with guidance from the UK Financial Services Authority (UK FSA), we have identified 185 employees, consisting of senior management and employees whose professional activities could have a material impact on the firm’s risk profile in the UK, as so-called “Code staff”Staff”. Of the approximately 180 Code staff, about two-thirds are also part of our wider population of key risk-takers. Compensation measures that apply to Code staffStaff are generally similar to those applied to key risk-takers.Key Risk Takers. However, due to specific UK FSA requirements, 50% of Code staff bonusesStaff performance awards that are paid out immediately are delivered in UBS shares. Furthermore, any shares granted to Code staffStaff under the EOP for their performance in 20112012 will be subject to an additional six-month blocking period upon vesting.

Identifying our Covered Employees

In the US, the Federal Reserve has recommended a more expansive approach for identifying such employees.employees who expose their firms to material amounts of risk. Based on guidance from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, we have identified those employees, known as “covered employees”“Covered Employees”. TheyFor 2012 there are ap-805 senior executives, employees who manage revenue-producing lines of business and revenue producers in the US who individually or collectively expose the firm to material amounts of risk.

Group Executive Board (GEB)

Performance objectives for GEB members are linked to Group and divisional key performance indicators. The Group CEO’s performance award depends on the performance of the Group as a whole, while GEB members who are divisional Chief Executive Officers are assessed based on Group and divisional profitability.

 

 

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Fixed and variable compensation1

 

  

          
       Total for the year
ended 2011
   Not deferred   Deferred3 
 CHF million, except where indicated  amount   %   amount   %   amount   % 
 Group Executive Board (GEB) members2            
                                
 Total compensation            
                                
 Amount   75     100     33     44     42     56  
                                
 Number of beneficiaries   15            
                                
 Fixed compensation            
                                
 Base salary   20     27     20     100     0     0  
                                
 Variable compensation   55     73     13     24     42     76  
                                
 Cash Balance Plan (CBP)   23       13     56     10     44  
                                
 Performance Equity Plan (PEP)   10       0     0     10     100  
                                
 Senior Executive Equity Ownership Plan (SEEOP)   22       0     0     22     100  
                                
 Key risk-takers            
                                
 Total compensation            
                                
 Amount   656     100     362     55     294     45  
                                
 Number of beneficiaries   448            
                                
 Fixed compensation            
                                
 Base salary   194     30     194     100     0     0  
                                
 Variable compensation   462     70     168     36     294     64  
                                

Key Risk Takers1

ClassificationLocationNumber of employees
GEB membersGlobal11
Key Risk TakersGlobal501, excluding GEB members

1  The compensation of GEB members who assumed their role in 2011 is reflected in the GEB and key risk-taker numbers above onIncludes employees with a pro-rated basis.performance award exceeding CHF / USD 2 million (Highly Paid Employees).2 The figures refer to all GEB members in office as of 31 December 2011 and all GEB members who stepped down during 2011.3 This is based on the specific plan vesting which may differ from the accounting expensing.

 

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Compensation

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 Sign-on payments, replacement payments, severance payments and guarantees       
 CHF million, except where indicated  Total
2012
   Of which expenses
recognized in 2012 4
   Of which expenses
to be recognized
in 2013 and later
   Total
20111
 
 Total sign-on payments1        
                      
 

Amount

   17     11     6     29  
                      
 

Number of beneficiaries

   182         342  
                      
 of which Group Executive Board (GEB) members        
                      
 

Amount

                    
                      
 

Number of beneficiaries

              
                      
 of which Key Risk Takers2        
                      
 

Amount

   4     2     2     3  
                      
 

Number of beneficiaries

   5         2  
                      
 Total replacement payments1        
                      
 

Amount

   96     23     72     154  
                      
 

Number of beneficiaries

   203         518  
                      
 of which GEB members2        
                      
 

Amount

   25     10     15       
                      
 

Number of beneficiaries

   1           
                      
 of which Key Risk Takers2        
                      
 

Amount

   32    ��6     26     59  
                      
 

Number of beneficiaries

   16         35  
                      
 Total guarantees        
                      
 

Amount

   40     15     26     237  
                      
 

Number of beneficiaries

   68         359  
                      
 of which GEB members        
                      
 

Amount

                    
                      
 

Number of beneficiaries

              
                      
 of which Key Risk Takers2        
                      
 

Amount

   20     6     14     84  
                      
 

Number of beneficiaries

   10         34  
                      
 Total severance payments3        
                      
 

Amount

   319     314     5     239  
                      
 

Number of beneficiaries

   2,321         1,530  
                      
 of which GEB members        
                      
 

Amount

                    
                      
 

Number of beneficiaries

              
                      
 of which Key Risk Takers2        
                      
 

Amount

   0.2     0.2          5  
                      
 

Number of beneficiaries

   1         4  
                      
 

1  In 2011 sign-on payments and replacement payments were reported together. Total 2011 was restated correspondingly.  2  Expenses for Key Risk Takers are full-year amounts for individuals in office on 31 December 2012. Key Risk Takers include employees with a performance award of CHF / USD 2 million or more (Highly Paid Employees).  3  Severance payments include legally obligated and standard severance , as well as supplemental severance payments of CHF 16 million.  4  Expenses before post vesting transfer restrictions.

    

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Corporate governance, responsibility

and compensation

 

proximately 1,000 senior executives, employees who manage revenue-producing lines2012 compensation framework for GEB members

The graph below provides an illustrative overview of businessthe 2012 compensation for GEB members, comparing it with the framework in 2011.

Of the annual performance award, up to 20% is paid immediately in cash, a minimum of 40% is deferred under the EOP and revenue producersanother 40% under the DCCP.

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1Code Staff receive 50% in the USform of blocked UBS shares.

Those who individuallylead Group control functions or collectively exposewho are regional CEOs are assessed based on the firmperformance of the Group and the regions that they oversee. We also apply various qualitative criteria in evaluating the performance of GEB members. These include: their ability to material amounts of risk. About 100 of these covered employees identified usingmanage risk; bring about change in the wider Federal Reserve Bank of New York definitionorganization; establish strong teams; and develop new leadership talent. GEB members are also form part ofassessed on how effectively they adhere to our global population of key risk-takers.strategic principles and apply our values.

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Refer to the “2012 compensation for the Group Executive Board and Board of Directors” section of this report for more information

Base salary and bonusperformance awards

GEB members receive a base salary. In addition, theysalary and are eligible to receive a bonus.an annual discretionary performance award. While GEB bonusesawards are at the discretion of the BoD, they are tied totake into account the overall performance of the Group and are dependent on the available bonusperformance award pool

funding. Overall, the GEB performance award pool is limited to up to 2.5% of the Group’s adjusted pre-tax profit.

 è 

Refer to the discussion in the “2011“2012 compensation for the Group Executive Board and Board of Directors” and “Compensation funding and expenses” sections of this report for more information

At least 76%80% of a GEB member’s bonusperformance award is deferred.deferred in line with our focus on sustainable performance. Of the annual bonus,this, 40% is awarded in cash under the Cash BalanceDeferred Contingent Capital Plan (CBP):(DCCP), a minimum of 40% is awarded under the Equity Ownership Plan (EOP) and a maximum of 24%20% is paid out immediately, subject to a cash cap of CHF/CHF / USD 2 million. Vesting of1 million (any amount above the deferred cash portion is in equal installments over the following two years, with the amount vesting dependent on the return on equity achieved by the Group (Group RoE) in the financial year prior to vesting. The remaining 60% of a GEB member’s bonuscap is paid in equity, with 20% deliveredUBS shares or notional shares under the Performance Equity Plan (PEP) and 40% under the Senior Executive Equity Ownership Plan (SEEOP)EOP). CBPFor GEB members, EOP awards vest over two years, PEP awards afterfrom year 3 to 5 in three years, and SEEOP awards over five years. The deferred portion of all these awards isequal installments, subject to forfeiture under certain conditions. The overall reductionthe applicable performance conditions being met. DCCP awards vest in their entirety in year 5, although notional

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Compensation

interest is awarded annually, provided that the firm achieves an adjusted pre-tax profit for that year. In addition to the capital ratio trigger of 7%, DCCP awards for GEB members will be subject to an additional performance condition. If UBS does not achieve an adjusted pre-tax profit during the vesting period, GEB members would forfeit 20% of the award for each loss-making year. As such, 100% of the award is at additional risk of forfeiture.

By discontinuing our previous deferred variable compensation plans, we have eliminated all leverage element infrom our compensation plans, since 2009thereby further discouragesdiscouraging excessive risk-taking.

 è 

Refer to the “Deferred variable compensation plans” section of this report for more information

2011 compensation framework for GEB members

Of the annual bonus, 40% is paid in cash and 60% in equity; 76% of a GEB member’s bonus is deferred.

Illustrative example

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1  Subject to possible change, dependent on plan rules.  2  Subject to cash cap of CHF / USD 2 million.

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Advisory VoteA high-level overview of the 2012 compensation framework for GEB members is provided on the following page, which includes the 2011 framework (shaded) for comparison purposes

Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

compensation

Share retention

To further align their interests with those of our shareholders, as well as to further ensure that they remain focused on the longer-term success of the firm, we operate a formal share ownership requirement, under which GEB members are required to retain long-term ownership of UBS shares. Each must hold a minimum number of UBS shares. In 2012, the minimum holding requirement levels were increased. Each GEB member must now hold a minimum of 350,000 shares compared with the previous requirement of 200,000 shares, while theshares. The Group CEO is now required to hold 500,000 shares compared with the previous minimum of 300,000 shares. These shareholdings are tomust be built up within a

maximum period of five years from the date a GEB member is appointed and must be retained for as long as he or she remains in office. The number of UBS shares held by each GEB member is determined by adding any vested or unvested shares to privately held shares. GEB members are not permitted to sell their UBS shares until the abovementioned thresholds have been reached.

Employment contract terms

Employment contracts for GEB members do not provide for “golden parachutes”, that is, special severance terms, including supplementary contributions to pension plans. All employment contracts with GEB members contain a notice period of six months, except for one which contains a 12-month notice period. Under employment contractsIf a GEB member leaves the firm before the end of a performance year, he or she may be considered for GEB members, any bonus paid up to the date of termination is fullya discretionary andperformance award based on Group, business division and personal performancehis or her contribution during the periodtime worked in that performance year. Such awards are at the full discretion of employment. Any discretionary cash bonus will generally be awarded under the CBP. Vesting of deferred bonuses to GEB members is not accelerated when they leave the firm, although exceptionswhich may be made in cases of death or disability.decide not to grant any awards.

Benefits

Benefits for GEB members are in line with local practices for other employees.

Board of Directors

Chairman of the Board of Directors

The Chairman of the BoD receives a base salary that consists of cash and a fixed number of UBS shares that are blocked for four years. There

is no variable or performance-related component in the Chairman’s compensation package. However, the share component ensures that his pay is aligned with the long-term performance of the firm. The Chairman’s employment agreement does not provide for special severance terms, including supplementary contributions to pension plans.

The Chairman’s compensation is at the discretion of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee (HRCC), which conducts an annual assessment and takes into consideration pay levels for comparable roles outside of UBS.

Independent Board of Directors members

With the exception of the Chairman, all BoD members are independent. Independent BoD members receive fixed base fees for their services in line with those of our peers globally, with 50% of their fees in cash and the other 50% in blocked UBS shares that are restricted from sale for four years and thus granted with a 15% discount. Alternatively, they may choose to have 100% of their remuneration paid in blocked UBS shares. In addition, independent BoD members receive fees known as committee retainers dependent on their workload in serving on the firm’s various board committees. The Senior Independent Director and the Vice Chairman of the BoD each receive an additional payment of CHF 250,000. In accordance with their role, independent BoD members do not receive bonuses or benefits.

Base fees and committee retainers received by independent BoD members are subject to an annual review: a proposal is submitted by the Chairman of the BoD to the HRCC, which then submits a recommendation to the full BoD.

 è 

Refer to the “2011“2012 compensation for the Group Executive Board and the Board of Directors” section of this report for more information

 

 

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 Fixed and variable compensation1              
      Total for the year
ended 2012
   Not deferred   Deferred3   

Total for the
year ended

20114

 
 CHF million, except where indicated  amount   %   amount   %   amount   %   
 Group Executive Board (GEB) members2              
                                     
 Total compensation              
                                     
 Amount   70     100     18     25     52     75     75  
                                     
 Number of beneficiaries   13               15  
                                     
 Fixed compensation              
                                     
 Base salary   18     25     18     100     0     0     20  
                                     
 Variable compensation   52     75     0     0     52     100     55  
                                     
 Immediate cash   0       0     0     0     0     N/A  
                                     
 Equity Ownership Plan   31       0     0     31     100     N/A  
                                     
 Deferred Contingent Capital Plan   21       0     0     21     100     N/A  
                                     
 Discontinued deferred compensation plans5   N/A     N/A     N/A     N/A     N/A     N/A     55  
                                     
 Key Risk Takers6              
                                     
 Total compensation              
                                     
 Amount   790     100     403     51     387     49     656  
                                     
 Number of beneficiaries   501               448  
                                     
 Fixed compensation              
                                     
 Base salary   218     28     218     100     0     0  ��  194  
                                     
 Variable compensation   572     72     185     32     387     68     462  
                                      

1 The compensation of GEB members who assumed their roles in 2012 is reflected in the GEB and Key Risk Taker numbers in this table on a pro-rated basis.2 The figures refer to all GEB members in office in 2012 and all GEB members who stepped down during 2012.3 This is based on the specific plan vesting which may differ from the accounting expensing.4 Year 2011 as reported in Annual Report 2011.5 Cash Balance Plan, Senior Executive Equity Ownership Plan and Performance Equity Plan.6 Includes employees with a performance award of CHF / USD 2 million or more (Highly Paid Employees).

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Deferred

How the LIBOR-related settlements and fines have impacted our compensation for 2012

In December 2012, UBS reached a settlement with the UK Financial Services Authority (FSA), the US Department of Justice (DOJ) and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) resolving LIBOR and other benchmark-related investigations, under which UBS agreed to pay fines totaling approximately CHF 1.4 billion. At the same time, the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) issued an order concluding its formal proceedings with respect to UBS, requiring UBS to pay CHF 59 million in disgorgements.

Shareholders, clients and our employees are understandably concerned about the conduct identified in the LIBOR investigations. From the time management discovered the wrongdoing and promptly reported it to regulators, we have fully cooperated with these regulators and taken significant remedial action to improve policies, protocols and controls.

Termination of employment and other disciplinary measures

We took disciplinary measures against those employees who were found to have been involved in the misconduct or who failed in their supervisory duties, including terminating their employment. 26 employees left UBS before disciplinary action could be taken. 25 employees had their employment terminated, either by separation agreement or termination for cause. 27 individuals were sanctioned with various warnings, reductions in their compensation and forfeiture of part of their deferred compensation, and by not being considered for promotions. We continue to assess whether sanctions against other current and former employees

should be taken based on our ongoing reviews or information we receive from regulators.

Forfeiture of unvested deferred performance awards

In addition to the reduction or elimination of performance awards paid to individuals for 2011 and 2012, we estimate that approximately CHF 60 million of unvested deferred performance awards has been forfeited. These forfeitures were principally due to the following:

terminations

resignations

performance conditions in our deferred variable compensation plans being deemed not to have been met

the application of the harmful acts forfeiture provisions

Performance award pool funding

Given the serious nature of the matter and the financial and reputational impact that it had on the firm, the cost of the LIBOR-related settlements was taken fully into account in determining the size of the overall performance award pool for 2012. In addition, the HRCC recommended to the BoD that the performance award pools for the Investment Bank and the Corporate Center should be reduced to reflect the gravity of the matter. In doing so, they considered both the direct actions of those who attempted to influence LIBOR rates and the fact that UBS’s controls and procedures did not detect or prevent these actions.

Investment Bank

In determining the size of the performance award pool for the Investment Bank, the HRCC considered the division’s

financial performance for the year, adjusted for items such as goodwill impairment and restructuring charges. To assist in its thinking, it factored in a discretionary adjustment equivalent to approximately 50% of the LIBOR-related costs for the year. Finally, the HRCC also took into account the Investment Bank’s significant achievements in reducing its risk-weighted assets and balance sheet and accelerating the implementation of the firm’s strategy. Taking all these factors into consideration, the HRCC determined that the Investment Bank’s overall performance award pool should be reduced by approximately 20% compared to the level of performance awards for the division for 2011. In addition, unlike in 2012, no special awards will be granted to Investment Bank employees in 2013. The HRCC also determined that performance awards subject to performance conditions that were due to vest in March 2013 for the Investment Bank should be reduced by 10%. This 10% forfeiture, amounting to over CHF 14 million at the time of forfeiture, applied to over 300 individuals.

Corporate Center

The Corporate Center performance award pool was also reduced as a result of the LIBOR matter. However, no forfeiture of performance awards with performance-linked vesting conditions was deemed appropriate in the Corporate Center as the relevant performance condition, that is, the firm’s overall profitability, as measured on an adjusted performance basis, was met.

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Compensation

Our deferred variable compensation plans

Apart from the need to attract talented and motivated professionals, the key focus in designing our variable compensation plans is on maintaining a close link between pay and long-term sustainable performance.

To ensure that our employees’ and shareholders’ interests are aligned, with those of our shareholders, we pay a large part of our bonusesperformance awards in UBS shares. To keep our employees focused on the long-termmedium and longer-term profitability of the firm, all of our variable compensation plans require a significant part of an employee’s bonusperformance award to be deferred over threefor up to five years. Our plansyears and include forfeiture provisions.

In 2012, we simplified and at the same time strengthened our compensation framework by eliminating a number of plans and introducing two universal plans that apply to all employees with a total compensation above CHF / USD 250,000 – the revised Equity Ownership Plan (EOP) and the new Deferred Contingent Capital Plan (DCCP). We have also extended the deferral period for our performance award plans. The introduction of the DCCP and changes to vesting conditions for the EOP have resulted in the average deferral period for the GEB increasing to 4.5 years (from 2.7 years for 2011) and to 3.8 years for other employees (from 2.0 years for 2011). The previous plans for members of the GEB, namely the Cash Balance Plan (CBP), Senior Executive Equity Ownership Plan (SEEOP) and the Performance Equity Plan (PEP) have been discontinued.

The forfeiture provisions thatin our deferred variable compensation plans, which have been enhanced, enable the firm to forfeit some, or all, of the unvested deferred portion if an employee has committedcommits certain harmful acts.

Generally, we regard the following as harmful acts:

contributing substantially to a significant downward restatement of the Group’s or a business division’s results or to the Group incurring significant financial losses

engaging in conduct and / or failing to discharge supervisory or managerial responsibilities that results in detriment to UBS, including reputational harm

engaging in conduct that materially violates legal and regulatory requirements or internal policies and procedures

disclosing confidential or proprietary information

soliciting UBS employees or clients

acts, as well asAs a result of the changes described above we believe we have the largest proportion of deferred compensation in our peer group, and that our employees would have more deferred compensation at risk than at any other competitor firm. Thus we provide greater protection to our stakeholders in the event of poor performance conditions that make the vesting of awards partially conditional on a certain level of performance being achieved. Consequently, while an employee’s individual performance is a key factor in determining the amount of bonus (including deferred equity awards) he or she receives, the amount that is finally paid out under our deferred variable compensation plans largely depends on Group or divisional performance, subject to forfeiture provisions as previously noted.

Once an award has vested, we do not make any adjustments to it.harmful acts.

 è 

Refer to “Note 3031 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial Information” section of this report for more information on valuation principles and valuation of the awards granted

 

 

Overview of variable compensation plans

 

Compensation is closely linked to long-termlonger-term sustainable performance. All of our variable compensation plans feature performance provisions.conditions for certain employees. A substantial part of variable compensation is deferred and at risk of forfeiture for several years.

LOGO

LOGO1  Except for Global Asset Management employees, whose awards vest in equal installments in years 2, 3 and 5, and employees in certain locations subject to specific local plans with different deferral provisions.

12  Deferred cash planCash-settled notional funds for Global Asset Management employees.

 

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compensation

Cash Balance Plan

Plan type – Deferred cash plan

Eligible employees:Cash Balance Plan (CBP) awards are granted annually to GEB members.

Description:Generally, 40% of a GEB member’s annual bonus consists of cash awarded under the CBP. A maximum of 24% of the total bonus is paid out immediately, subject to a cap of CHF/USD 2 million. The balance is deferred and paid out in two equal installments over two years, subject to the performance condition described below.

The amount of cash delivered on vesting depends on the return on equity achieved by the Group (Group RoE) during the vesting period. If the Group RoE is below 6%, no adjustment will be made to the amount of cash delivered upon vesting. If the Group RoE exceeds 6%, the unvested amount will be increased. The increase will correspond in percentage terms to the Group RoE achieved, though it may not exceed 20%. If the Group RoE is negative, the unvested amount will be decreased accordingly, up to a maximum of 100%.

No changeswere made to the plan design in 2011.

Restrictions:The CBP contains forfeiture provisions so that the deferred amount is partially or fully forfeited if a harmful act is committed. Even after a GEB member has left the firm, the deferred portion of the CBP award continues to be at risk of forfeiture. In addition, the deferred unvested portion of the award is forfeited if a GEB member voluntarily terminates his or her employment and joins another financial services organization.

How the CBP works: an illustration

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Vesting for 2011:The second installment of the CBP award granted in 2010 for the performance year 2009 vested in full in March 2012. The amount that vested was not adjusted as the RoE requirement described above only applies from 2011.

The first installment of the CBP award granted in 2011 for the performance year 2010 vested in March 2012. The amount that vested was increased by 8.6% in line with the Group RoE of 8.6% in the 2011 financial year.

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Corporate governance, responsibility

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Performance Equity Plan

Plan type – UBS share plan

Eligible employees:Performance Equity Plan (PEP) awards are granted annually to GEB members.

Description: At the beginning of the three-year performance period, GEB members are granted a certain number of restricted performance shares. The actual number of UBS shares delivered at the end of the period can be between zero and two times the number of performance shares granted initially, depending on whether performance targets relating to economic profit (EP) and relative total shareholder return (TSR) have been achieved. EP is a measure of risk-adjusted profit that takes into account the cost of risk capital and is only realized when the entire return on capital that is achieved is higher than the firm’s cost of capital. TSR measures the total return of a share to an investor, that is, both capital appreciation of the share price and the dividend yield. We measure our TSR over a three-year period relative to the companies in the Dow Jones Bank Titans 30 Index, an index representing 30 leading companies in the global banking sector.

To determine the number of UBS shares delivered at vesting, an EP multiplier, which changes in line with the level of three-year cumulative EP achieved, and ranges from 50%–150%, is multiplied with a TSR multiplier, which ranges from 50%–133%. If both are below the lowest threshold no shares will vest. If both are at or above the highest threshold the number of UBS shares delivered at the end of the performance period is twice that of the performance shares granted initially.

How the PEP works: an illustration

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No changeswere made to the plan design in 2011.

Restrictions:PEP awards are subject to forfeiture in the event of a harmful act or if employment has been terminated voluntarily or for cause.

Vesting for 2011:No vesting will take place in 2012. As the PEP was introduced in 2010, it is due to vest for the first time in March 2013.

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Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

compensation

Senior Executive Equity Ownership Plan

Plan type – UBS share plan

Eligible employees:Senior Executive Equity Ownership Plan (SEEOP) awards are granted annually to GEB members.

Description:SEEOP awards are granted in the form of UBS shares that vest in equal installments over five years. The SEEOP is similar to the EOP, described on the next page, but has a longer vesting period to reflect the additional level of commitment and long-term performance expected of GEB members.

No changeswere made to the plan design in 2011.

Restrictions:SEEOP awards are subject to partial or full forfeiture in the event of a harmful act or if the business division to which a GEB member belongs makes a loss. Under the SEEOP, profitability is defined as an operating profit before tax adjusted for certain items such as disclosed own credit, restructuring charges, the profit and loss impact of strategic divestments or investments, goodwill-related foreign currency translation charges and certain unique, non-recurring costs that are not within the control of divisional or Group management. The amount forfeited depends on the extent of the loss and generally ranges from 10%-50% of the award portion due to vest.

SEEOP awards will be fully forfeited if employment is terminated voluntarily or for cause.

How the SEEOP works: an illustration

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Vesting for 2011:The SEEOP profitability requirement was introduced starting from the performance year 2010. The first installment of the award granted in 2011 for the performance year 2010, which was due to vest in March 2012, vested in full for all GEB members except Carsten Kengeter, CEO of the Investment Bank. As the Investment Bank did not meet its profitability requirement in 2011, 50% of his SEEOP award installment was forfeited.

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Equity Ownership Plan (EOP)

 

 

Plan type – UBS shareWe have extended the vesting period and revised the performance conditions for the EOP. Awards granted for the performance year 2012 and onwards will vest in two equal installments in years 2 and 3 for all employees other than GEB members, and in three equal installments in years 3 to 5 for GEB members. For GMDs, Key Risk Takers and Highly Paid Employees, vesting is now also subject to multi-year performance conditions. In addition, the harmful act provisions have been enhanced to better ensure that awards can also be forfeited in the event that an employee fails to discharge his or her supervisory or managerial responsibilities. Up to 100% of the award due to vest may be forfeited. This plan (deferred cash plan for Global Asset Management employees)provides no leverage.

Eligible employees:Description

The Equity Ownership Plan (EOP)EOP is a mandatory bonusperformance award deferral plan for all employees with total compensation of CHF/CHF / USD 250,000 or more. Such employees receive 30% of their performance award above that level in deferred UBS shares or notional shares under the EOP. GEB members receive at least 40% of their performance awards under the EOP. Global Asset Management employees receive 45% of their performance awards above the total compensation threshold under the EOP, the amount of which is linked to the value of designated underlying Global Asset Management funds (notional funds) at the time of vesting. Their EOP awards vest in three equal installments in years 2, 3 and 5. The EOP installments vesting in years 2 and 3 which were granted to Global Asset Management employees who are GMDs, Key Risk Takers or Highly Paid Employees are subject to the same performance conditions as those for other such employees.

For 2011, around 7,0002012, an estimated 6,372 employees received EOP awards. These employees include key risk-takers, Group Managing Directors and employees whose total bonus exceeds CHF/USD 2 million. EOP awards are granted annually. Although the forfeiture provisions are the same for all EOP awards, the other terms of these awards vary depending on the category an employee falls into, as summarized in the table on the right.

Employee  categories1Minimum

percentage of

performance
award deferred

under EOP

EOP

vesting period

EOP

performance

conditions

GEB members40%Vests in equal
installments
in years 3 to 5
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Group Managing Directors, Key Risk Takers and Highly Paid Employees230%Vests in equal
installments in
years 2 and 3
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All other employees with total compensation of more than CHF / USD 250,00030%3Vests in equal
installments in
years 2 and 3

Description:1Employees with total compensation (that is, base salary and bonus) of CHF/USD 250,000 or more receive 60% of their bonus above that level in UBS shares that are deferred over three years under the EOP.

To align their compensation with the performance of the funds that they manage,  Excluding Global Asset Management employees receive their EOP awardsand employees subject to different plans in the formcertain locations.2  Employees with a performance award of deferred cash, the amount of which depends on the valuemore than CHF / USD 2 million.3   At least 30% of the relevant underlying Global Asset Management funds in a designated alternative investment vehicle atperformance award that is above CHF / USD 250,000 is deferred under the time of vesting. The vesting and forfeiture provisions of these awards are the same as for EOP awards made in the form of UBS shares.

No changesEOP.were made to the plan design in 2011.

Restrictions:The unvested portion of EOP awards is subject to forfeiture in the event of a harmful act or if employment is terminated voluntarily or for cause.

EOP awards granted to key risk-takers, Group Managing Directors and employees whose total bonus exceeds CHF/USD 2 million are known as Performance EOP awards. They vest in full only if the business division to which the employee belongs is profitable. If the business division incurs an operating loss in a given year, then the deferred portion of the EOP award due to vest in the following year will be partially forfeited. Under the EOP, profitability is defined as an operating profit before tax adjusted for certain items such as disclosed own credit, restructuring charges, the

How the EOP works: an illustration

LOGO

1 Profitability performance conditions are in place for key risk-takers, Group Managing Directors and other employees with a total bonus exceeding CHF/USD 2 million.

profit and loss impact of strategic divestments or investments, goodwill-related foreign currency translation charges and certain unique, non-recurring costs that are not within the control of divisional or Group management.

The amount forfeited depends on the extent of the loss and generally ranges from 10%–50% of the award portion due to vest. In the case of Corporate Center employees, the vesting of their awards is partially conditional on the profitability of the Group as a whole.

Vesting for 2011:Performance EOP awards were granted for the first time in 2011 for the 2010 performance year. The first installment of that award, which was due to vest in March 2012, vested in full for employees in all divisions except the Investment Bank. For Investment Bank employees, 50% of their award installments were forfeited as the Investment Bank did not meet its profitability requirement in 2011.

 

 

LOGO

 

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Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

Compensation

EOP performance conditions for GEB members, GMDs, Key Risk Takers and Highly Paid Employees:The vesting of an EOP award depends on both Group performance and divisional performance. Group performance is measured by the average adjusted Group return on tangible equity (RoTE) and divisional performance by the average adjusted divisional return on attributed equity (RoAE), or, for Corporate Center employees, the average of the RoAE for all business divisions, which excludes Corporate Center (Front Office RoAE). The percentage of an EOP award that vests is determined as follows.

If the average adjusted Group RoTE achieved is greater than or equal to the 6% threshold, the award will vest in full, subject to the relevant divisional threshold also being met. If the Group RoTE is 0% or negative, the installment will be fully forfeited for the entire Group regardless of any division’s particular performance. If the Group RoTE falls between 0% and 6%, the award will vest on

a linear basis between 0% and 100%, again subject to the relevant divisional threshold being met.

The purpose of the divisional threshold is to reduce the amount of the EOP award that vests for any division that does not meet its divisional performance target. Therefore, if the divisional RoAE threshold (see table below) is met, no adjustment is made to the EOP award. If, however, the RoAE falls below the threshold but is above 0% for any division, a downward adjustment will be applied to the percentage of shares that would otherwise vest for that division. The extent of this downward adjustment depends on how much the actual RoAE falls below the threshold for that division, and will be up to 40%. If the actual RoAE for a division is 0% or negative, the installment will be fully forfeited for that division. The achievement of the performance conditions will be assessed by the HRCC.

An illustrative example of how we determine the percentage of shares that vest is provided below.

GEB members, GMDs, Key Risk Takers and Highly Paid Employees: EOP performance conditions

LOGO

Divisional RoAE thresholds (or, for Corporate Center employees, Front Office RoAE thresholds)

LOGO

Performance periods for EOP awards granted in March 2013

Installment vesting
after
Applicable performance period

GEB

3 years2013, 2014 and 2015
4 years2014, 2015 and 2016
5 years2015, 2016 and 2017

GMDs, Key Risk Takers

2 years2013 and 2014

and Highly Paid Employees

3 years2013, 2014 and 2015

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Return on tangible – comparison with EOP performance thresholds

LOGO

The objective of linking the vesting of EOP awards with a return on equity over a two- to five-year time horizon is to focus our employees on developing and managing the business in a way that delivers sustainable returns. We believe that Group return on tangible equity (RoTE) is a better performance measure than the Group’s return on total equity (RoE). The difference between the two is that tangible equity includes only shareholders’ equity and excludes goodwill and intangibles and thus provides a more consistent basis to measure performance.

The Group’s published RoE targets can be converted into RoTE targets by deducting the current balance of goodwill and intangibles from the Group’s total equity base. On this basis, the Group’s reported RoE target of mid-single digits for 2013 and 2014 would be approximately 1–2 percentage points higher in terms of RoTE. Our 2015 RoE target of more than 15% is the

equivalent of RoTE of more than 17%, calculated based on our estimated tangible equity.

UBS began to report Group RoTE in its fourth-quarter 2012 report and will continue to do so on a quarterly and annual basis. UBS has reported RoAE for each business division (except the Corporate Center) for some time. This information is available in this report and will be included in subsequent quarterly and annual reports.

In determining the RoTE performance threshold for any year it will be important to set the threshold such that employees do not have to earn a performance award twice (once when granted and again during the vesting period). In establishing a threshold of 6% for the Group RoTE for the 2012 performance year we acknowledge that the bank is still in a transformational phase and take into consideration the financial effects of restructuring the bank during 2013 and 2014.

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Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

Compensation

Deferred Contingent Capital Plan (DCCP)

The introduction of the DCCP as a key component of our compensation framework better aligns the interests of our senior employees with those of our stakeholders as the plan replicates many of the features of the loss-absorbing bonds that we issued to investors in 2012. It is subject to standard forfeiture and harmful acts provisions and provides no leverage.

We anticipate that over the next five years, we could build up to 100 basis points of high-trigger loss-absorbing capital from this program, which would act as an additional buffer against declines in capital.

Eligible employees:The DCCP is a mandatory performance award deferral plan for all employees with total compensation of CHF / USD 250,000 or more. Such employees receive 30% of their performance award above that level under the DCCP, with the exception of Global Asset Management employees, who receive 15% of their performance awards under the plan. GEB members receive 40% of their performance awards under the DCCP. For 2012, an estimated 6,317 employees received DCCP awards. DCCP awards are intended to be granted annually.

Description:Employees are awarded notional bonds with annual interest payments. UBS will only pay interest for the performance years in which the firm generates an adjusted pre-tax profit. For years in which UBS does not achieve an adjusted pre-tax profit no notional interest will be paid. Once paid, notional interest is not subject to clawback. The notional interest rate is set based on the yield to maturity of a market-traded loss-absorbing bond observed from 1 to 15 February 2013 for the awards granted on 15 March 2013. The notional interest rate is 6.25% for awards denominated in USD and 5.40% for awards denominated in CHF. These interest rates are lower than the rates paid to the holders of our loss-absorbing bonds issued in February 2012 and August 2012, which have coupons of 7.25% and 7.625%, respectively. Awards vest in full after five years, subject to the restrictions outlined in the following paragraph.

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Restrictions:Awards granted under the DCCP forfeit if our Basel III common equity tier 1 (CET1) ratio falls below 7%. This is a higher trigger than for our bondholders who would only see their bonds written down if our Basel III CET1 ratio falls to 5%. In addition, awards are also forfeited if a viability event occurs, that is, if FINMA provides a written notice to UBS that the DCCP must be written down to prevent the insolvency, bankruptcy or failure of UBS, or if UBS receives a commitment of extraordinary support from the public sector that is necessary to prevent such insolvency, bankruptcy or failure.

Furthermore, DCCP awards for GEB members are subject to an additional performance condition. In any years during the vesting period where UBS does not achieve an adjusted pre-tax profit, GEB members would forfeit 20% of the award. As such, 100% of GEB DCCP awards are at additional risk of forfeiture.

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Vesting of outstanding awards granted in prior years impacted by performance conditions

The following provides an overview of the impact of the financial performance in 2012 on the vesting of outstanding awards granted in prior years which were due to vest in 2013.

Vesting of Performance Equity Plan awards granted in 2010

The vesting of awards granted under the Performance Equity Plan (PEP) depends on the cumulative economic profit (EP) over 2010–2012 and the relative total shareholder return (TSR) over the same period as compared to the constituent banks in the Dow Jones Banks Titans 30 Index at the time of grant. Based on the actual cumulative EP and relative TSR ranking over the performance period, and following validation by PricewaterhouseCoopers, the HRCC has determined that 52% of the performance shares granted to GEB members in 2010 have vested, that is, 48% has been forfeited.

Vesting of Senior Executive Equity Ownership Plan and Performance Equity Ownership Plan 2010/11 and 2011/12 awards

The vesting in 2013 of installments of the Senior Executive Equity Ownership Plan (SEEOP) and Performance Equity Ownership Plan (Performance EOP) 2010/11 and 2011/12 awards is dependent on the adjusted operating profit before tax of the business division or, for Corporate Center employees, adjusted Group operating profit before tax. Performance EOP awards vested in full for all business divisions, except for the Investment Bank.

Although the Investment Bank generated an adjusted operating profit in 2012, the HRCC determined that the number of shares due to vest on 1 March 2013 would be reduced by 10% for Investment Bank employees. The HRCC’s determination was based on the profitability of the Investment Bank, including adjustments for goodwill impairment, restructuring charges and own credit losses, as defined in the plan rules. The HRCC, at its

discretion, took into consideration approximately 50% of the fines and related costs in connection with the LIBOR matter. The HRCC’s intention in applying its discretion is to ensure that the mechanistic outcome of performance conditions relating to awards will be subject to review to avoid outcomes which could be seen as contrary to the intention of the plans and to shareholders’ interests. Accordingly, Investment Bank employees received 90% of the shares awarded under the Performance EOP that were due to vest on 1 March 2013. The same determination was also made regarding the outstanding SEEOP award in the Investment Bank for Carsten Kengeter, that is, 10% of the second installment of the SEEOP award granted to him in 2011 was forfeited.

Vesting of Cash Balance Plan 2011 and 2012 awards

The outstanding unvested amounts of Cash Balance Plan (CBP) awards granted in February 2011 and February 2012 are adjusted based on the Group RoE during the financial years prior to vesting. If Group RoE is below 0%, the actual Group RoE determines the extent of the downward adjustment. If Group RoE is between 0% and 6%, no adjustment will be made. Should Group RoE exceed 6%, the unvested amount is adjusted upwards in line with the actual Group RoE, up to a maximum of 20% (that is, any upside adjustment is capped at 20%).

For Cash Balance Plan (CBP) awards granted in February 2011, the last installment which vested in 2013 was adjusted in line with the actual Group RoE over 2011 and 2012. As such, the award was adjusted upwards by 9.1% (reflecting 2011 performance) and then downwards by 5.2% (reflecting 2012 performance). For the CBP awards granted in February 2012, the first installment that vested in 2013 was adjusted downwards by 5.2% (reflecting 2012 performance). The last installment which is due to vest in 2014 will be adjusted based on the actual Group RoE over 2012 and 2013.

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Compensation

 

Discontinued deferred compensation plans

 

The following table sets out the details of discontinued compensation plans, including those under which stock options, stock appreciation rights and other instruments were granted in the past. UBS has not granted any options since 2009. The strike price for stock options awarded under prior compensation plans has not been reset.

No grants were made for the 2012 performance year under the discontinued plans (see below).

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Refer to “Note 3031 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial Information” section of this report for more information

 

Plan 

Conditional Variable Compensation Cash Balance

Plan (CVCP)(CBP)

 

Deferred CashPerformance

Equity Plan (DCP)

(PEP)

 

Incentive Performance Senior Executive

Equity

Ownership

Plan (IPP)

(SEEOP)

 

Special Plan

Award

Program

(SPAP)

Deferred Cash

Plan (DCP)

Incentive Performance

Plan (IPP)

Key Employee Stock

Appreciation Rights Plan (KESAP) and Key Employee Stock Option Plan (KESOP)

 

Senior Executive

Stock Appreciation Rights Plan (SESAP) and

Senior Executive

Stock

Option Plan

(SESOP)

YearYears granted 20092010-20122010-20122010-20122012 only 2011 only 2010 only 2002-2009 2002-2009
Eligible employees Selected employees (approximately 9,500 employees), excluding GEB membersGEB membersGEB members and Group Managing BoardSelected Managing Directors and Group Managing Directors in the Investment Bank Investment Bank employees whose total compensation exceeded CHF 1 million GEB members and other senior employees (approximately 900 employees) Selected employees (approximately 17,000 employees between 2002 and 2009) GEB members and Group Managing Board
Instrument Cash Performance sharesSharesSharesCash Performance shares Share-settled stock appreciation rights (SAR) or stock options with a strike price not less than the fair market value of a UBS share on the date of grant SARShare-settled stock appreciation rights (SAR) or stock options with a strike price not less than 110% of the fair market value of a UBS share on the date of grant

Performance

conditions

CBP 2011 and 2012: dependent on the return on equity

CBP 2010: dependent on UBS being profitable

 No financialThe number of UBS shares delivered can be between zero and two times the number of performance shares granted, depending on whether performance targets relating to economic profit (EP) and relative total shareholder return (TSR) have been achievedDependent on whether the business division makes a loss incurred (vesting based(the amount forfeited depends on disclosed full-year results)the extent of the loss and no need for additional capital injection by governmentgenerally ranges from 10% - 50% of the award portion due to vest)Dependent on the level of reduction in risk-weighted assets achieved and the average published return on risk-weighted assets in the Investment Bank in 2012, 2013 and 2014 None Dependent on share price at the end of the five-year period None None
Restrictions/Restrictions / other conditions

Subject to continued
employment, non-solicitation of clients and employees and non-disclosure of proprietary information

The first tranche of the CVCP was forfeited in its entirety as the Group was not profitable in 2009

The second tranche of the CVCP vested on 12 April 2011 following the announcement of UBS’s 2010 profit (paid to employees in all business divisions except Wealth Management Americas, which recorded a full-year loss)

The third tranche of the CVCP vested in April 2012 following the
announcement of UBS’s 2011 profit. It was paid to employees in all divisions

 Subject to continued employment and harmful actsact provisions Subject to continued employment and harmful act provisions 

Subject to continued employment non-solicitation of clients and employeesharmful act provisions

Subject to continued employment and

non-disclosure of proprietary information

harmful act provisions
Subject to continued employment and harmful act provisionsSubject to continued employment and harmful act provisions Subject to continued employment, non-solicitation of clients and employees and non- disclosurenon-disclosure of proprietary informationSubject to continued employment, non-solicitation of clients and employees and non-disclosure of proprietary information
Vesting period Vests in one-thirdequal installments over a two-year periodVests in full three years after grantVests in equal installments over a five-year periodVests in full three years after grantVests in one- third installments over a three-year periodVests in one-third installments over a three-year-period Vests in full at the end of five years. Number of shares that vest can be between one and three times the number of performance shares initially granted Vests in full three years after grant. SAR and options expire 10 years from the date of grant Vests in full three years after grant. SAR and options expire 10 years from the date of grant

 

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Compensation funding2012 performance summary

The Group reported an overall loss last year, in part reflecting our decision to accelerate the firm’s strategy, which contributed to a significant goodwill impairment and expensesrestructuring costs. The results were also impacted by legal and regulatory costs, including the costs of the LIBOR settlement. However, we made substantial progress towards achieving our strategic objectives, including building our capital ratios, reducing costs and remediating operational risk events. Further progress was made in many areas of the business as we continued to address the challenges of the past.

 

How we determine our bonus pool

Each business division plans its bonus pool annually based on the funding framework and process that has been reviewed by the Human Resources and Compensation Committee (HRCC). Over the course of the year, each division makes accruals to ensure that sufficient funds are available to pay bonuses at the end of the year. However, the actual size of the final bonus pool depends on the various factors outlined below andAs a Swiss bank, UBS is subject to the approvalmost stringent regulatory requirements in the world. In 2012, we exceeded the capital targets we set ourselves for the year and enhanced our position as one of the BoD.world’s best capitalized banks. On a fully applied basis, our Basel III common equity tier 1 (CET1) capital ratio rose by 310 basis points to 9.8%, meaning we have almost achieved our regulator’s minimum 2019 requirement of 10%. Our Basel III phase-in CET1 capital ratio increased by 460 basis points to finish the year at 15.3%. We achieved these increases primarily through reductions in risk-weighted assets, with total reductions of over CHF 120 billion, or 32% for the year. We also made good progress in relation to our balance sheet, which was reduced by CHF 158 billion over the year. Our Basel III funding and liquidity ratios remain above our regulator’s 100% requirements and place us ahead of our peers.

We firmly believe that capital strength is the foundation of our success. It allows us the flexibility to execute our strategy and it reinforces client confidence while allowing us to address the challenges of the past. As a sign of that strength and of our confidence in our continued ability to execute our strategy in a disciplined manner, the BoD is recommending a 50% increase in the dividend for shareholders for the year to CHF 0.15 per share.

On costs, we experienced higher than expected legal costs and adverse foreign exchange movements, but our underlying progress on cost reduction is on track.

Our performance in 2012

We made solid progress across all businesses in 2012. Notably, our Wealth Management business continued to see success in the

fastest growing global markets while adapting to the new cross-border paradigm. Together, our wealth management businesses attracted strong net new money inflows totaling almost CHF 47 billion, an increase of over CHF 11 billion on 2011 and a demonstration of our clients’ continued trust. Wealth Management Americas continued to make strong progress and achieved a record pre-tax profit of USD 873 million, an increase of 40% on 2011. Our Retail & Corporate business delivered a resilient pre-tax performance in difficult markets and continued to regain market share. It performed exceptionally well in relation to net new business volume growth, which reached almost 5%, and recorded deposit inflows of CHF 14 billion, including the highest net new client assets for retail clients in Switzerland since 2001. Global Asset Management recorded an increased pre-tax profit as it delivered stronger investment performance to its clients. The Investment Bank beat our targets in relation to risk-weighted asset and balance-sheet reduction, allowing the firm to reach its current industry-leading capital ratios. It performed well in many of its traditional areas of competitive strength, expanding in equity and debt capital markets and global syndicated finance where revenues increased 16%. Its foreign exchange business continued to benefit from the investments we made in cutting edge e-trading systems, enabling it to grow volumes significantly.

Overall for 2012, the Group reported a disappointing pre-tax loss of CHF 1,774 million, a net loss attributable to UBS shareholders of CHF 2,511 million and diluted earnings per share of negative CHF 0.67. The result includes a number of items relating to the acceleration of our strategy, which we announced in October 2012. We recorded CHF 3.1 billion of goodwill impairments

Basel III CET1 ratio

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Basel III RWA

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Compensation

and CHF 0.4 billion of restructuring costs. In addition we recorded own credit charges of CHF 2.2 billion which resulted from the tightening of our credit spreads as the perceived creditworthiness of our debt improved, partly in reaction to the accelerated implementation of our strategy. We also had positive effects of CHF 846 million related to changes to our Swiss pension plan and to our retiree medical and life insurance plan in the US. Adjusting for the items listed above (all of which are outside the control of divisional management or result from strategic decisions), one can get a clearer picture of our underlying performance. On this basis, the Group would have recorded a pre-tax profit of CHF 3.0 billion, which includes fines and disgorgements of CHF 1.4 billion in relation to LIBOR.

Summary of financial performance for 2012 and 2011

CHF billion  2012  2011 
Pre-tax profit/(loss) as reported   (1.8  5.3  
          
Impairment of goodwill, intangibles and PPE   3.1    0.0  
          
Own credit   2.2    (1.5
          
Net restructuring charges   0.4    0.4  
          
Other   (0.8)1   (0.7)2 
          
Adjusted pre-tax profit   3.0    3.4  
          

1  Includes credit for changes to a US retiree medical life insurance benefit plan of CHF 116 million and credit for changes to the UBS’s Swiss pension plan of CHF 730 million.2  Includes gain on the sale of our strategic investment portfolio (SIPF).

UBS’s performance award pool was reduced to CHF 2.5 billion, a 7% decrease compared with 2011, and a 42% decrease compared with 2010. The overall decrease in the performance award pool year-on-year puts it at the lowest level since the financial crisis. The reduction in the pool must also be viewed in the context of the wide-ranging changes we have made to our new compensation plans, including increased deferral periods, the elimination of leveraged plans, the introduction of the Deferred Contingent Capital Plan, which has a five-year vesting period, and the halving of the maximum immediate cash component of any performance award. Taken in conjunction with the firm’s achievements in building its industry-leading capital ratios and the proposed 50% increase in dividend payments to shareholders for 2012, it illustrates the continuing shift in the relationship between compensation, capital and dividends.

Adjusted pre-tax performance1 for the Group and business divisions

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1  Each of the following items has been excluded on a Group and relevant business division or Corporate Center level: own credit loss on financial liabilities designated at fair value for the Group CHF 2,202 million for 2012 (own credit gain of CHF 1,537 million in 2011), restructuring charges CHF 371 million for the Group in 2012 (net charge of CHF 380 million in 2011), impairment losses of CHF 3,064 million on goodwill and non-financial assets in the Investment Bank in 3Q12, credit to personnel expenses related to changes to a US retiree medical and life-insurance benefit plan of CHF 116 million in 2Q12, changes to the Swiss pension plan of CHF 730 million for the Group in 1Q12 and the gain on the sale of strategic investment portfolio of CHF 433 million in Wealth Management and CHF 289 million in Retail & Corporate in 3Q11.

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Our compensation funding and expenses for 2012

The performance award pool for 2012 is CHF 2.5 billion, 7% lower than for 2011 and 42% lower than 2010.

Business performance is the basis of our compensation funding framework. Atframework and we measure our business division level,divisions’ performance is measured by a varietyin various ways, including profitability, quality of factors, including profit, orearnings, contribution before bonusperformance award and economic contribution before bonus. Economic contribution before bonus deductsperformance award. The latter is calculated by deducting the cost of capital based on the equity allocated to athe business which is a reflection ofand reflects the relative riskinessrisks of thateach business.

We derive the initial divisional bonus pools by multiplying the so-called divisional compensation funding rate with the divisional adjusted contribution before bonus. In determining our fundingFunding rates we consider variousare linked to a division’s level of profitability and reflect factors such as the appropriate change in pay that reflects the changechanges in performance overduring the year, affordability and ourthe need to be competitive in the market. Funding rates are directly linked to the level of profitability in each division. As profits withinremain attractive as an employer.

If a business divisiondivision’s profits increase, the proportion of profits allocated for the payment of bonuseswe allocate to pay performance awards is reduced. This approach has several benefits. In good years it helps to prevent excessive compensation and allows us to protectreturn capital to shareholders. In lean years, it provides management with the firm in years of downturn or recovery by retainingflexibility to ensure we can make adequate provisions to retain key employees, while providing additional shareholder return in good years by preventing excessive capital usage for compensation.employees.

Although profitabilityWe believe it is the main factor in determining the size ofimportant that our bonus pool, and while we apply funding rates that provide an initial basis for determining divisional bonus pools, management may still applycan exercise its

judgment and make adjustments to further assessrecommendations, which are then reviewed by the overall quality of earnings by looking at relevant keyHRCC. If management feels a division’s performance indicators and other qualitative measures, including risk factors. If the bonus

award pool for a business division is deemeddoes not to fully reflect its performance, the Group CEO may apply his discretion and make recommendationscan recommend a change to increase or reduce the size of the pool. These recommendations are reviewed by the HRCC. Such discretionary adjustments may be made, forFor example, whereif a business division is in the process of restructuring or investing heavilysignificantly in growth, both of whichits business this would have a strong negativematerial short-term financial impact, but provide for sustained profitability over the longer term. Furthermore, we recognize the strategic importance of maintaining a competitive position in the labor market, andit may also make adjustmentsbe seen as contributing to the firm’s longer term goal of delivering sustainable performance. In the case of variable compensation funding, determined by competitive benchmarking. This involves considering ourmanagement may make recommendations to ensure the firm remains attractive as an employer. Such recommendations would take into account the firm’s market position both from a performance and a compensation perspective, together withand industry compensation trends, including at senior management levels, based on a comparison among peer groups and across regions. Finally, particularly given our need to build up capital to meet new, more stringent capital requirements,comparisons. This year, we also considerhave broadened the capital impact when determining the sizescope of our bonus pool.peer benchmarking to ensure as far as possible that it provides like-for-like comparisons to aid the decision-making process.

AtTo the extent that discretion is exercised in any year, the HRCC undertakes to UBS’s shareholders that it will be applied judiciously and in a business division level, each CEO proposes funding and allocation, taking into account input from Group Risk. These are discussedmanner that is aligned with the Group CEO together with the underlying contribution before bonus and other relevant performance indicators. The HRCC reviews the rationale provided for the divisional bonus pools. It also considers performance indicators and risk factors specificour strategy to each business division when assessing performance and earnings quality, before recommending the size of the final bonus pool to the BoD.create sustainable shareholder value.

 

 

Sustainable profitability is key to compensation funding

 

PrimaryThe primary basis for funding across UBS is profitability. The following describes how we determine our bonusperformance award pools.

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Business performance over the last two years

Our performance was weaker in 2011, with a profit before tax of CHF 5,453 million compared with CHF 7,455 million in 2010.

Our pre-tax profit declined to CHF 5,453 million in 2011 from CHF 7,455 million in 2010, reflecting lower operating income primarily in the Investment Bank, partly offset by cost reductions across most of the businesses. During 2011 we continued to strengthen our already industry-leading capital position. At the end of the year, our Basel II tier 1 capital ratio stood at 19.7% and our Basel 2.5 tier 1 capital ratio was 16.0%. We also saw a marked improvement in our net new money performance across our wealth management businesses.

 Operating profit from continuing operations before tax

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    Bonus pools for 2011 were determined based on the financial performance as reported in the Group’s fourth quarter 2011 financial report which was published 7 February 2012. The 2011 results have since been adjusted to account for subsequent events. These adjustments decreased the Group’s pre-tax profit by CHF 103 million (from CHF 5,453 million to CHF 5,350 million). The Investment Bank’s operating profit decreased by a net CHF 150 million (from CHF 304

million to CHF 154 million), including the benefit of CHF 17 million lower personnel expenses resulting from the HRCC decision to forfeit more of the Performance EOP tranche due to vest for the year 2011. Partially offsetting the net reduction in operating profit in the Investment Bank were increases in Wealth Management Americas of CHF 30 million (from CHF 504 million to CHF 534 million) and in Corporate Center of CHF 17 million (from a loss of CHF 380 million to a loss of CHF 363 million).

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Refer to “Note 32 Events after the reporting period” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.

Bonusesawards granted for the 20112012 performance year

Our bonusperformance award pool for 20112012 is CHF 2.6 billion, 40%2,522 million, 7% lower than it was for 2010 (compared with adjusted contribution before bonus which was 37% lower), consistent with a marked decline in2011. This reflects our overall profitability, last year in a demanding market environment. The bonus pool for the Investment Bank was reduced by approximately 60% due to the combined impactquality of the unauthorized trading incidentearnings, and substantially weaker divisional performance last year. In other business divisions, where performance was stronger, the reduction in the bonus pool was less significant.our progress towards achieving our strategic objectives, including strengthening our capital ratios and reducing risk-weighted assets.

The “Total variable compensation” table shows the amount of variable compensation awarded to employees for the performance year 2011,2012, together with the number of beneficiaries for each type of award granted. We define variable compensation as the discretionary, performance-based bonusaward pool for the given year.

In the case of deferred cash and share awards, the final amount paid to an

employee is influenced by forfeiture provisions and thedependent on performance conditions to which these awards are subject.subject and consideration of relevant forfeiture provisions. The deferred share award amount is based on the fair value of these awards on the date of grant.

    The accounting adjustment column in the “Total variable compensation” table shows the difference between the bonus amount granted to employees and the expensed fair value amount according to the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) 2 accounting standard. This adjustment is made to reflect that the fair value of shares that have vested for accounting purposes, but are still subject to sale or

transfer restrictions, is lower than the market value of unrestricted shares. For example, an EOP award vests for accounting purposes immediately when an employee retires, while the shares remain blocked over the original vesting period. In this case, the fair value of the blocked EOP award is less than the current market value of an unrestricted share. Where a performance condition under EOP applies, the expensed amount reflects a discount for expected forfeitures which is trued-up to reflect the actual outcome.

The “Deferred compensation” table on the following page shows the current intrinsic value of unvested outstanding deferred variable compensation awards that are subject to ex-post adjustments. For share-based plans, the intrinsic value is determined based on the closing share price on 30 December 2011.2012. For fund-linked plans,notional funds, it is determined using the latest available market price for the underlying funds, and for cash-settled awards, it is determined based on the outstanding amount of cash owed to award recipients.

All awards made under our deferred compensation plans listed in the “Deferred compensation” table on the following page are subject to ex-post adjustments, whether implicitly, through exposure to share price movements, or explicitly, for example, through forfeitures made by the firm. Accordingly, their value can change over time. The amounts shown in the column “Relating to awards for prior years” in fact already take into account ex-post implicit adjustments that have occurred as a result of share price movements between the respective dates on which these awards were granted and 30 December 2011.variable

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Refer to “Note 30 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial Information” section of this report for more information

 

Total variable compensation1

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  Expenses   Expenses
deferred to

future periods
   Adjustments2   Total   Number of
beneficiaries
 
 CHF million, except where indicated    2012   20113   2012   20113   2012  20113   2012   20113   2012   2011 
 Cash performance awards   1,411     1,554     0     0     0    0     1,411     1,554     46,709     50,620  
                                                   
 Deferred Contingent Capital Plan   145     0     361     0     0    0     506     0     6,317     0  
                                                   
 Deferred cash plans4   5     34     10     3     0    0     15     37     58     62  
                                                   
 UBS share plans   135     234     383     750     24    54     542     1,038     5,866     6,514  
                                                   
 UBS share option plans   0     0     0     0     0    0     0     0     0     0  
                                                   
 Equity Ownership Plan – notional funds   28     25     20     69     0    0     48     94     506     515  
                                                   
 Total performance award pool   1,724     1,847     774     822     24    54     2,522     2,723     46,732     50,635  
                                                   
 

 

  Expenses   Expenses
deferred to
future periods
   Adjustments2   Total   

 

 
 CHF million, except where indicated     2012     20113     2012     20113     2012    20113     2012     20113      
                                                   
 Total variable compensation – other5   424     295     494     132     (137)6   0     781     427      
                                                   
 

 

  Expenses   Expenses
deferred to
future periods
   Adjustments2   Total   Number of
beneficiaries
 
 CHF million, except where indicated     2012     20113     2012     20113     2012    20113     2012     20113     2012     2011  
                                                   
 Total WMA financial advisor compensation7   2,087     1,842     706     1,024     0    0     2,793     2,866     7,059     6,967  
                                                   
 

1  The total “performance award” paid to employees for the performance years 2012 (CHF 2,522 million) and 2011 (CHF 2,723 million). Expenses under “Total variable compensation – other” and “Total WMA financial advisor compensation” are not part of UBS’s performance award pool.2  Adjustments relating to post-vesting transfer restrictions.3  In 2012, costs related to guarantees for new hires were reclassified from “Total variable compensation – other” to “Total variable compensation – performance award”. In addition, costs related to both supplemental severance and certain retention payments were reclassified from “Total variable compensation – performance award” to “Total variable compensation – other”. 2011 was restated.4  Deferred cash plans include specific regional deferred cash plan which is not part of the Group’s compensation delivery framework.5  Replacement payments and retention plan payments including the Special Plan Award Program.6  Included in expenses deferred to future periods is an amount of CHF 137 million relating to future interest on the Deferred Contingent Capital Plan. As the amount recognized as performance award represents the present value of the award at the date granted to the employee, this interest amount is adjusted out in the analysis.7  Financial advisor compensation consists of grid-based compensation based directly on compensable revenues generated by financial advisors and supplemental compensation calculated based on financial advisor productivity, firm tenure and other variables. It also includes costs related to compensation commitments and advances granted to financial advisors at the time of recruitment, which are subject to vesting requirements.

           

 

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Deferred compensation1,2

 

 
  CHF million, except where indicated  Relating to awards
for 2012
   Relating to awards
for prior years3
   Total   of which exposed to
ex-post adjustments
  

Total deferred compen-

sation year end 20114

 
 Deferred Contingent Capital Plan   506     0     506     100  0  
                          
 Equity Ownership Plan   542     3,383     3,925     100  3,182  
                          
 Equity Ownership Plan – notional funds   48     534     582     100  670  
                          
 Discontinued deferred compensation plans5   0     420     420     100  698  
       
 Total   1,096     4,337     5,433      4,550  
                          
 

 

1  This is based on specific plan vesting which may differ from the accounting expensing.  2  For more information, refer to “Note 31 Equity participation and other compensation plans”.  3  This takes into account the ex-post implicit adjustments, given the share price movements since grant.  4  Year 2011 as reported in Annual Report 2011 adjusted for discontinued deferred compensation plans.  5  Cash Balance Plan (CBP), Senior Executive Equity Ownership Plan (SEEOP), Performance Equity Plan (PEP), Incentive Performance Plan (IPP), Deferred Cash Plan (DCP).

     

compensation plans listed in the “Deferred compensation” table are subject to ex-post adjustments, whether implicitly, through exposure to share price movements, or explicitly, for example, through forfeitures instigated by the firm. Accordingly, their value can change over time. The amounts shown in the column “Relating to awards for prior years” already takes into account ex-post implicit adjustments that have occurred as a result of share price movements between the respective dates on which these awards were granted and 30 December 2012.

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Refer to “Note 31 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial Information” section of the Annual Report 2012 for more information.

TotalPerformance award expenses in the 2012 performance year

The performance award pool includes all discretionary, performance-based variable awards for 2012. Certain awards that form part of the performance award pool, mainly discretionary cash awards, are already expensed in the same year while deferred awards are largely expensed in subsequent years. The “Performance award expenses” chart illustrates how the performance award pool for the 2012 performance year reconciles with the performance award expense in the financial year 2012. The performance award expense includes all immediate expenses related to 2012 compensation1 awards and expenses related to awards

 

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  Expenses   Expenses
deferred to
future periods
   Accounting
adjustment
   Total   Number of
beneficiaries
 
 CHF million, except where indicated  2011   2010   2011   2010   2011   2010   2011   2010   2011   2010 
 Cash discretionary bonus   1,514     2,079     0     0     0     0     1,514     2,079     50,620     51,522  
                                                    
 Deferred cash plans   34     64     3     236     0     0     37     300     62     576  
                                                    
 UBS share plans   234     440     635     1,271     54     60     923     1,771     6,514     7,516  
                                                    
 UBS share option plans   0     0     0     0     0     0     0     0     0     0  
                                                    
 Equity Ownership Plan – fund-linked   25     28     69     67     0     0     94     95     515     579  
                                                    
 Total discretionary bonus pool   1,807     2,611     707     1,574     54     60     2,568     4,245     50,635     51,535  
                                                    
 Total variable compensation – other2   335     399     247     337     0     0     582     736      
                                                    
 Total WMA financial advisor compensation3   1,842     1,980     1,024     698     0     2     2,866     2,680      
                                                    
 

1  The total “discretionary bonus” awarded to employees for the performance years 2011 (CHF 2,568 million) and 2010 (CHF 4,245 million). Expenses under “total variable compensation – other” and “Total WMA financial advisor compensation” are not part of UBS’s discretionary bonus pool.2  Replacement payments, guarantees for new hires, forfeiture credits, severance payments and retention plan payments.3  Financial advisor compensation consists of grid-based compensation based directly on compensable revenues generated by financial advisors and supplemental compensation calculated based on financial advisor productivity, firm tenure, assets and other variables. It also includes costs related to compensation commitments and advances granted to financial advisors at the time of recruitment, which are subject to vesting requirements.

      

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LOGO Deferred compensation1, 2       
  CHF million, except where indicated  Relating to awards
for 2011
   Relating to awards
for prior years3
   Total   of which exposed to
ex-post adjustments
 
 Cash discretionary bonus   0     0     0     0
                      
 Cash Balance Plan   10     19     29     100
                      
 Equity Ownership Plan   884     2,298     3,182     100
                      
 Senior Executive Equity Ownership Plan   22     46     68     100
                      
 Performance Equity Plan   10     14     24     100
                      
 Equity Ownership Plan – fund-linked   94     576     670     100
                      
 Discontinued deferred compensation plans   0     577     577     100
                      
 Total   1,020     3,530     4,550    
                      
 

1  This is based on the specific plan vesting which may differ to the accounting expensing.2  For more information, refer to “Note 30 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial Information” section of this report.3  This takes into account the ex-post implicit adjustments, given the share price movements since grant.

   

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 265297


Advisory Vote

Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

Compensation

 

 

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 Ex-post explicit and implicit adjustments to deferred compensation in 20121  
     

Ex-post explicit

adjustments4

   

Ex-post

implicit

adjustments to

unvested

awards5

 
 CHF million          2012          2011           2012          2011 
    31.12.12    31.12.11     31.12.12    31.12.11  
                    
 UBS shares (EOP, IPP, PEP, SEEOP)2   (211  (171   (178  (1,432
                    
 UBS options (KESOP) and SARs (KESAP)2   (16  (22   0    (290
                    
 UBS notional funds (EOP)3   (8  (11   52    (50
                    
 

1  Compensation (discretionary performance award and other variable compensation) relating to awards for previous performance years.Cash deferred plans (i.e. CBP Cash Balance Plan) are not included in this analysis.2  IPP, PEP, SEEOP, KESOP and KESAP are discontinued deferred compensation plans.3  Awards granted under this plan are cash-settled and 100% susceptible to ex-post implicit adjustments.4  Ex-post explicit adjustments are calculated as units forfeited during the year, valued at the share price on 28 December 2012 (CHF 14.27) and on 30 December 2011 (CHF 11.18) for UBS shares and valued with the fair value at grant for UBS options. For the notional funds awarded to Global Asset Management employees under the EOP, this represents the forfeiture credits recognized in 2012 and 2011.5  Ex-post implicit adjustments for UBS shares are calculated based on the difference between the weighted average grant date fair value and the share price at year end. For UBS options they are calculated based on the difference between the fair value at grant and the aggregated intrinsic value at year end. The value of notional funds is calculated using the mark-to-market change during 2012 and 2011.

        

Bonus expense in the 2011 performance year

The bonus pool for a given performance year includes all discretionary, performance-based variable awards for that performance year. Certain awards that form part of the bonus pool, mainly discretionary cash awards, are already expensed in the same year while deferred awards are largely expensed in subsequent years. The chart “2011 bonus pool down 40% year on year” illustrates how the bonus pool for the 2011 performance year reconciles with the bonus expense in the 2011 financial year. The bonus expense includes all immediate expenses related to 2011 compensation awards and expenses related to awards made in prior years.

As illustrated in the chart, the bonusperformance award pool declined by CHF 1,677201 million or 40%7% in 2011,2012, while the 2011 bonus2012 performance award expense under the IFRS accounting rules declined by CHF 690516 million or 17%15%. The reduction in the size of the bonus pool is more pronounced than the reduction in the bonus expense for the following reasons:

The amount of new deferred awards granted in 2012 for the performance year 2011 is CHF 867 million lower than the amount of new deferred awards granted in 2011 for the performance year 2010.

Amortization for prior year awards in 2011 increased by CHF 114 million from 2010. This reflects an increase in amortizations of deferred awards, which have become a more significant part of our compensation system. Since 2010, a larger part of compensation has consisted of deferred awards grant-ed primarily under the EOP.

The impact of accounting adjustments is lower for 2011 than it was for 2010.

At the end of 2011,2012, the amount of unrecognized awards to be amortized in subsequent years was CHF 1.7 billion. Together with the Special Plan awards to be granted to senior managers at the Investment Bank in spring 2012, the total sum of unrecognized awards is CHF 2.0 billion, compared with CHF 2.82.2 billion at the end of 2010.2011. The chart “Amortization of deferred compensation” chart shows that this reduction is due to the reduction in unamortized awards and significantly lower new awards granted for 2011.2012 as well as lower unamortized balances from previous years carried forward.

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Refer to the “Overview of our compensation model” section of this report for more information about the Special Plan Award Program

The table on the next pageabove shows the value of actual ex-post explicit and implicit adjustments to outstanding deferred compensation in the 20112012 financial year. Ex-post adjustments occur after an award has been granted. Ex-post explicit adjustments occur when we adjust compensation by forfeiting deferred awards. By contrast, ex-post implicit adjustments are unrelated to action taken by the firm and occur as a result of share price movements that impact the value of an award.

The total value of ex-post explicit adjustments made to UBS shares in 2011,2012, based on the 15,132,302approximately 15 million shares forfeited during 2011,2012, is negative CHF 171211 million. The total value of ex-post explicit adjustments made to UBS options and share-settled stock appreciation rights (SARs) in 2011,2012, based on the 3,756,444approximately 2 million options / SARs forfeited during 2011,2012, is negative CHF 2216 million. The(The size of implicit adjustments is mainly due to a decline in the share price. The lower share price also means that many of the options previously granted are out of the money. Hence, the majority of outstanding option awards currently hold no intrinsic value.value).

2011 bonus pool down 40% year on year1

CHF million

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1   Excluding bonus add-ons such as social security.2  Post vesting transfer restrictions and adjustments related to performance conditions.3  Estimate. The actual amount to be expensed in future years may vary, for example due to forfeitures.4  Includes CHF 54 million of restructuring costs related to these awards.

Amortization of deferred compensation

We expect a CHF 0.5 billion reduction in the awards to be amortized in 2012 (CHF 1.1 billion) vs 2011

(CHF 1.6 billion)1

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1   Estimate. The actual amount to be expensed in future years may vary, for example due to forfeitures.2  Related to discretionary bonus.3  Estimate. Includes Special Plan awards to be granted in 2012.

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Corporate governance, responsibility

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 Ex-post explicit and implicit adjustments to deferred compensation in 20111                                         
 CHF million                                  Ex-post explicit
adjustments4
  Ex-post
implicit
adjustments to
unvested
awards5
 
 UBS shares (EOP, IPP, PEP, SEEOP)2                   (171  (1,432)
                                   
 UBS options (KESOP) and SAR (KESAP)2                   (22  (290)
                                   
 UBS fund-linked plan (EOP)3                   (11  (50
                                   
 

1  Compensation (discretionary bonus and other variable compensation) relating to awards for previous performance years.  2  IPP, KESOP and KESAP are discontinued deferred compensation plans. For CBP no ex-post adjustments were made in 2011.  3  Awards granted under this plan are cash-settled and 100% susceptible to ex-post implicit adjustments.4  Ex-post explicit adjustments are calculated as units forfeited during the year, valued at the share price on 30 December 2011 (CHF 11.18). For the UBS fund-linked plan this represents the forfeiture credits recognized in 2011.  5  Ex-post implict adjustments for UBS shares are calculated based on the difference between the weighted average grant date fair value and the share price on 30 December 2011. For UBS options they are calculated based on the difference between the fair value at grant and the aggregated intrinsic value on 30 December 2011. For the fund-linked plan they are calculated using the mark-to-market change during 2011.

       

Total personnel expenses for 20112012

The table on the following tablepage shows our total personnel expenses in 20112012 for our 64,82062,628 employees and includes salaries, pension and other personnel costs, social security contributions and variable compensation. Variable compensation includes discretionary cash bonusesperformance awards to be paid in 20122013 for the 20112012 performance year, the amortization of unvested deferred awards granted in previous years and the cost of deferred awards granted to employees who are eligible for retirement at the date of grant.

The bonusperformance award pool reflects the value of discretionary bonusesperformance awards granted relating to the 20112012 performance year, including awards that are paid out immediately and those that are deferred. To determine our variable compensation expense, severalthe following adjustments are required in order to

reconcile the bonusperformance award pool to the accounting costs recognized in the Group’s financial statements prepared under IFRS:

 

reduction for the unrecognized future amortization of unvested deferred awards granted in 20122013 for the performance year 2011;2012; and

 

addition for the amortization of unvested deferred awards granted in previous years.

As a large part of compensation consists of deferred awards, the amortization of unvested deferred awards granted in previous years forms a significant part of both the 20102011 and 20112012 accounting costs.

 è 

Refer to “Note 3031 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information

 

 

LOGO Personnel expenses 
 

 

  Expenses 
 

CHF million

  Relating to
awards for
2011
   Relating to
awards for
prior years
  Total 2011  2010  2009 
 Salaries         6,859     0    6,859    7,033    7,383  
                                 
 Variable compensation – discretionary bonus1         1,807     1,585    3,392    4,082    2,809  
                                 
 Variable compensation – other1,2         335     (19  316    230    699  
                                 
 

of which replacement payments3

         31     90    121    107    41  
                                 
 

of which guarantees for new hires

         88     85    173    135    56  
                                 
 

of which forfeiture credits

         0     (215  (215  (167  (81
                                 
 

of which severance payments4

         216     0    216    69    433  
                                 
 

of which retention plan payments5

         0     21    21    85    250  
                                 
 Contractors         217     0    217    232    275  
                                 
 Social security         697     46    743    826    804  
                                 
 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans6         788     0    788    724    988  
                                 
 Wealth Management Americas: financial advisor compensation1,7         1,842     676    2,518    2,667    2,426  
                                 
 Other personnel expenses2         726     32    758    1,127    1,159  
                                 
 Total personnel expenses         13,271     2,320    15,5918    16,920    16,543  
                                 
 

1  Refer to “Note 30 Equity participation and other compensation plans” of this report for more information.  2  In 2011, we reclassified the costs related to our voluntary employee share ownership plan (Equity Plus) from Variable compensation – other to Other personnel expenses. Prior periods were adjusted for this change. As a result, Other personnel expenses were increased by CHF 80 million and CHF 132 million for the year ended 31 December 2010 and for the year ended 31 December 2009, respectively, with a corresponding decrease in Variable compensation–other.  3  Replacement payments are payments made to compensate employees for deferred awards forfeited as a result of joining UBS.  4  Includes legally obligated and standard severance payments.  5  Retention plan payments related to strategic retention programs.  6  Refer to “Note 29 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans” of this report for more information.  7  Financial advisor compensation consists of grid-based compensation based directly on compensable revenues generated by financial advisors and supplemental compensation calculated based on financial advisor productivity, firm tenure, assets and other variables. It also includes costs related to compensation commitments and advances granted to financial advisors at the time of recruitment, which are subject to vesting requirements.  8  Includes restructuring charges of CHF 261 million. Refer to “Note 37 Reorganizations and disposals” for more information.

          
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Corporate governance, responsibility

and compensation

LOGO Personnel expenses     
 

 

  Expenses 
 

CHF million

  Relating to
awards for
2012
   Relating to
awards for
prior years
  Total 2012  2011  2010 
 Salaries   6,814     0    6,814    6,859    7,033  
 Cash performance awards   1,411     (38  1,373    1,466    2,173  
 Deferred Contingent Capital Plan   145     0    145    0    0  
 Deferred cash plans   5     149    154    343    314  
 UBS share plans   135     1,067    1,202    1,490    1,428  
 UBS share option plans   0     14    14    100    145  
 Equity Ownership Plan – notional funds   28     84    112    118    111  
 Total variable compensation – performance award1,2   1,724     1,276    3,000    3,516    4,171  
 

of which guarantees for new hire2

   15     119    134    173    135  
 Variable compensation – other1,2   424     (57  367    191    141  
 

of which replacement payments3

   15     94    109    121    107  
 

of which forfeiture credits

   0     (174  (174  (215  (167
 

of which severance payments2,4

   303     0    303    239    80  
 

of which retention plan and other payments2

   107     21    128    46    121  
 Contractors   214     0    214    217    232  
 Social security   729     39    768    743    826  
 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans5   18     0    18    831    834  
 Wealth Management Americas: financial advisor compensation1,6   2,087     786    2,873    2,518    2,667  
 Other personnel expenses   659     23    682    758    1,127  
 Total personnel expenses7   12,670     2,067    14,737    15,634    17,031  
 

1  Refer to “Note 31 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  2  In 2012, costs related to guarantees for new hires were reclassified from “Total variable compensation – other” to “Total variable compensation – performance award”. In addition, costs related to both supplemental severance and certain retention payments were reclassified from “Total variable compensation – performance award” to “Total variable compensation – other”. Prior periods were adjusted for these changes. The combined impact of these changes resulted in a net increase to “Total variable compensation – performance award” of CHF 125 million and CHF 89 million for the year ended 31 December 2011 and for the year ended 31 December 2010, respectively, with a corresponding net decrease to “Total variable compensation – other”.  3  Replacement payments are payments made to compensate employees for deferred awards forfeited as a result of joining UBS. This table includes the expenses recognized in the financial year (mainly the amortization of the award).  4  Includes legally obligated and standard severance payments, as well as supplemental severance payments.  5  Refer to “Note 30 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans” of the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  6  Financial advisor compensation consists of grid-based compensation based directly on compensable revenues generated by financial advisors and supplemental compensation calculated based on financial advisor productivity, firm tenure, assets and other variables. It also includes costs related to compensation commitments and advances granted to financial advisors at the time of recruitment, which are subject to vesting requirements.  7  Includes restructuring charges of CHF 358 million for the year ended 31 December 2012 and CHF 261 million for the year ended 31 December 2011. Refer to “Note 37 Changes in organization” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.

               

 

 267299


Advisory Vote

Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

Compensation

 

20112012 compensation for the Group Executive Board and Board of Directors

 

Group Executive BoardHow we set compensation

In 2011, total compensation levels for our Group Executive Board (GEB) members reflected

The HRCC reviews the performance of each executive in the context of each business division’s operating performance, overall Group progress towards our medium-term strategic goals and eachCEO’s recommendations for GEB member’s individual contribution to effecting change, building high-performing teams and managing risk. We consider specific key performance indicatorsmembers’ compensation. It makes its final compensation recommendations for individual GEB members thatcompensation based on an assessment of these management recommendations together with an independent assessment of overall performance of the individual and their respective businesses. The HRCC’s recommendations are relevant to their role, including risk-adjusted profitability, management of risk-weighted assets, growth in net new moneythen reviewed and cost efficiency. approved by the BoD.

In setting total compensation levels for GEB members for 2012, the Human Resources and Compensation Committee (HRCC)HRCC and the BoardBoD considered the following factors:

the performance of each individual in the context of each business division’s operating performance for 2012 on an absolute and relative basis

specific key performance indicators for each individual relevant to their role, including risk-adjusted profitability, management of risk-weighted assets, the strengthening of capital ratios, growth in net new money, operating effectiveness and cost efficiency

the impact each individual and, if applicable, his respective business, has had on our clients globally

the overall progress of the Group towards our medium and longer-term strategic goals

each individual’s contribution to safeguarding and enhancing our reputation, effecting change, promoting delivery of the integrated bank and building and retaining high-performing teams

the degree to which the individual anticipates and effectively manages risk

balancing employee interests with the need to ensure an appropriate return to our shareholders

our compensation structures and our overall market positioning from a competitiveness perspective

To ensure that overall GEB compensation is sufficiently tied to the firm’s profitability, we have introduced a cap on the total GEB performance award pool. The pool will not exceed 2.5% of Directors (BoD)the firm’s adjusted pre-tax profit. As the Group adjusted pre-tax profit for 2012 was CHF 3.0 billion, the GEB performance award pool is capped at CHF 75 million for the 2012 performance year. The actual award pool for 2012 (included in the overall pool) was CHF 52 million, representing 1.7% of the adjusted pre-tax profit. Furthermore, 100% of a GEB member’s deferred compensation is subject to performance conditions. Under the Equity Ownership Plan (EOP), GEB awards will be fully forfeited if the Group and/or

relevant business division does not make an average adjusted pre-tax profit during the performance period. Further, performance below specific thresholds will also cause partial forfeiture. Awards granted under the new Deferred Contingent Capital Plan (DCCP) will be forfeited if our Basel III CET1 ratio falls below 7% or if a viability event occurs. In addition, 20% of DCCP awards, including the relevant notional interest, will be forfeited for each year in which UBS does not achieve an adjusted pre-tax profit. Thus, GEB members’ full DCCP awards are at additional risk of forfeiture.

For GEB members who were in office for both the full year 2011 and 2012, performance awards were down 10% and total compensation was down 7% year on year.

While the firm’s compensation framework provides for up to 20% of the performance award to be paid immediately in cash, in light of the firm’s overall results for the year, and based on a recommendation from the Group CEO, it was deemed appropriate that performance awards for the firm’s most senior leaders be fully deferred. Consequently, the cash component of the award was delivered in the form of deferred equity under the EOP, and makes up 60% of GEB performance awards for 2012. Therefore, 100% of the GEB’s 2012 performance award is deferred over three to five years.

We have reserved judgment on the introduction of fixed caps on the proportion of fixed to variable pay as important regulatory debates have not been concluded.

Group Chief Executive Officer (Group CEO)

Sergio P. Ermotti joined UBS in April 2011, initially as Regional CEO for EMEA. In November 2011, he was appointed Group CEO with immediate effect. In determining his compensation for 2012, the HRCC and the BoD considered their collectivehis performance objectives to implement the firm’s strategy, namely driving financial performance, strengthening capital ratios, managing costs and improving the operational risk environment. The Group’s overall financial loss for 2012 was disappointing, but was clearly impacted by significant goodwill impairments related to our decision to accelerate the Group’s strategy, the LIBOR settlement and own credit. Despite these developments, the Group made significant progress under Mr. Ermotti’s leadership. He successfully led the firm in the implementation of its strategy, enabling it to accelerate the implementation of the strategy as announced in October 2012 (see 2012 performance summary for more details on the firm’s success in 2012). Mr. Ermotti has also navigated the challenges the firm faced during the year, while still achieving strong results in many business divisions. The firm continued to strengthen its industry-leading capital ratios and is on

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Corporate governance, responsibility

and compensation

track to achieve its capital targets. Risk-weighted assets on a Basel III fully applied basis were reduced 32% compared to the end of 2011. The firm’s wealth management businesses attracted net new money inflows of approximately CHF 47 billion, an increase of over CHF 11 billion and a sign of clients’ continued trust in the firm. The firm also continues its efforts to reduce costs and drive efficiencies and delivered underlying reductions in the run rate of costs compared to mid-2011. UBS has also strengthened its operational risk control framework, which allows it to better manage and deploy risk to serve our clients. These achievements, particularly in relation to capital, have allowed the BoD to recommend a 50% increase in the Group’s dividend for 2012 to CHF 0.15 per share. Overall, the progress made by the firm during the year is reflected in the 28% increase in its share price, up from CHF 11.18 at the end of 2011 to CHF 14.27 at the end of 2012.

For the performance year 2012, reflecting his achievements in advancing our strategy, together withhis first full year as Group CEO and at the compensation structure and levels of our main peers and the firm’s relative performance.

The overall total compensation of GEB members in office on 31 December 2011firm, Mr. Ermotti was CHF 70.1 million, compared withgranted a totalperformance award of CHF 91.06.1 million, in 2010. Following a re-organization in the fourth quarter of 2011, which resulted in the combination of certain roles, there were 12 GEB members in office on 31 December 2011, compared with 13 on 31 December 2010. Aggregatemaking his total compensation for the threeyear CHF 8.9 million. Consistent with other GEB members, who stepped down in 2011 was CHF 7.0 million, compared with CHF 3.3 million for the oneperformance year 2012, 100% of his performance award was deferred, with 40% under the DCCP and 60% under the EOP. (For 2011, in which Mr. Ermotti joined the firm, the HRCC and BoD determined his overall compensation for the eight months he was at the firm by deciding the appropriate compensation for each of the two roles he performed during that year. The table “Total compensation for GEB members” shows his compensation for 2011.)

è

Refer to the “2012 performance summary” section of this report for more information

Highest paid GEB member who did so in 2010.

The highest paid GEB member in 20112012, apart from the Group CEO, was Robert J. McCann, with total compensation of CHF 9.28.6 million. As shown in the table “Total compensation for GEB members”, 76% table, 100% of his bonus wasperformance award for 2012 is deferred, with 16%40% under the DCCP and 60% under the EOP.

In 2012, Mr. McCann continued to drive the successful development of. Wealth Management Americas. The business made strong progress throughout 2012 and achieved a record pre-tax profit for the year of USD 873 million, an increase of 40% on 2011. The improved performance resulted from a 9% increase in revenues compared with 2011. Clients have recognized the business’s achievements and continued to entrust it with their assets, with full year net new money inflows of over USD 22 billion, the highest recorded since 2007. Low advisor attrition rates illustrate the continued confidence that industry professionals have in the business and the progress it is making, and its financial advisor force delivered record levels of productivity in 2012. The business has also made strong progress in its lending initiatives. It performed well in relation to its cost/income ratio, gross

margin and annualized net new money growth rate performance targets.

è

Refer to the table “Total compensation for GEB members for the performance years 2011 and 2012” for more information

Notes on replacement awards

During 2012, Andrea Orcel joined UBS after a 20-year career with Bank of America / Merrill (BAC), and was appointed to the GEB on 1 July 2012 as co-head of the Investment Bank. On 1 November, he became sole CEO of the division. In line with market practice, he received awards as a replacement for deferred compensation and benefits forfeited by his previous employer as a result of his joining UBS. As a general principle, in making such replacement awards, we aim to match the terms and conditions of the awards granted by an employee’s previous employer which are forfeited upon the employee joining UBS. Given his most recent roles at BAC, he was subject to high effective deferral rates. Mr. Orcel’s replacement award consisted of a deferred cash award in the amount of USD 6.364 million, and an award of 1,755,691 UBS shares (denominated in CHF) deferred under the EOP with a grant date total fair market value of CHF 18.5 million. Both the deferred cash and 60%deferred share awards vest in deferred equity vesting over threeinstallments in 2013, 2014 and 2015. All these awards are subject to five years. In 2011, Mr. McCann led the turnaround in profitability in Wealth Management Americas, despite market volatility and a challenging market environment, with significant net new money, a significant reduction in financial advisor attrition rates and the leading position in financial advisor productivity.

In 2011, the Group Chief Executive Officer (Group CEO), Sergio P. Ermotti, was granted a bonus of CHF 4.6 million. As such, his total compensation was CHF 6.4 million. As shown in the table “Total compensation for GEB members”, 88% of his bonus was deferred, with 28% in deferred cash and blocked shares and 60% in deferred equity vesting over three to five years. In considering this award, the HRCC and the BoD considered both his contribution and his achievement against stated objectives as Group CEO since the end of September 2011 and his prior performance as Chairman and CEO for Europe, the Middle East and Africa following his joining the firm in April 2011. As Group CEO, Mr. Ermotti has been quick to grasp the leadership challenges

presented, including finalizing and presenting the Group strategy on Investor Day and reestablishing investor and regulatory confidence in the wake of the unauthorized trading incident within the Investment Bank. A number of transformation initiatives have been launched within the firm related to both the operating environment and controls and to promoting the delivery of the full firm across our client franchises in each region. Before assuming the role of Group CEO, Mr. Ermotti was instrumental in further improving the firm’s impact in a number of our Europe, Middle East and Africa locations and advancing an enhanced regional governance strategy.

The previous Group CEO, Oswald J. Grübel, who assumed full responsibility for the unauthorized trading incident, stepped down at the end of September 2011 and elected not to be considered for a bonus for 2011. The HRCC accepted and the BoD agreed with his decision.harmful acts provisions.

Base salary

Base salaries are fixed for all GEB members and reviewed annually by the HRCC. EarlyGEB salaries were not changed from the level set by the BoD in 2011, following a review of market trends with regard toearly 2011. Thus the mix between fixed and variable compensation and the balance of awards within the compensation framework, the HRCC set the base pay at an annual level of salary for GEB members, with the exception of the Group CEO, will remain at CHF 1.5 million or the equivalent in the relevant local currency for GEB members other than the Group CEO.currency. With respect to the Group CEO, the HRCC reviewed his base salary level upon his appointment and set it at an annual level of CHF 2.5 million. Following a further review inat the first quarterbeginning of 2012,2013, the HRCC decideddetermined that there will be no adjustment in base salary levels for the GEB in 2012.level previously set remains appropriate. Base salaries received over the year by GEB members are fully taken into account when considering their total compensation levels.

Benefits

There were no changes to the terms of GEB benefits.

 è 

Refer to “Note 2930 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans” in the “Financial Information” section of this report for details on the various post-employment benefit plans established in Switzerland and other major markets

 è 

Refer to the “Compensation funding and expenses” and “Overview of our compensation model” sections for information concerning the Human Resources and Compensation Committee’s determination of the discretionary bonusperformance award for 2011,2012, and to the “Deferred variable compensation plans” section for details of the compensation plans awarded to Group Executive Board members

Advisory Vote

Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

Compensation

Board of Directors compensation

Chairman of the Board of Directors

For 2011, the totalOur compensation awarded toframework provides for the Chairman of the BoD, Axel A. Weber, who was elected at the AGM in May 2012, to receive annually a base salary of CHF 2 million and 200,000 UBS shares, blocked for four years, as well as benefits in kind. Such shares are not designed or intended as variable compensation. The number of shares that Mr. Weber received for 2012 was pro-rated to take into account that he assumed the role of Chairman in May. At grant, the pro-rated number of shares he received (133,333) was valued at CHF 2,003,995. Accordingly, his total compensation, including benefits in kind and pension fund contribution for his services as Chairman from May to December 2012, amounted to CHF 3,568,341.

The share component ensures that the Chairman of the BoD’s pay is aligned with the longer-term performance of the firm. The Chairman’s employment agreement does not provide for special severance terms, including supplementary contributions to pension plans. Benefits for the Chairman of the BoD are in line with local practices for other employees. Determining the Chairman’s compensation is the responsibility of the HRCC, which conducts an annual assessment and takes into consideration fee and/or compensation levels for comparable roles outside of UBS.

Highest paid member of the BoD

As Chairman of the BoD, Mr. Weber is the highest paid BoD member. As previously announced, the BoD approved a one-time payment to Mr. Weber upon his election to the BoD at the 2012 AGM. This payment, equivalent to one year’s total compensation, consisted of CHF 2 million in cash and 200,000 UBS shares that are blocked for one year. At grant, these shares were valued at CHF 2,268,000.

Remuneration for the former Chairman of the BoD

Kaspar Villiger, former Chairman of the BoD, did not stand for reelection at the AGM in May 2012, and retired from UBS at the end of May 2012. As in previous years, Mr. Villiger chose to waive a substantial part of his share award and decided to maintain the

voluntary reduction in his annual base salary, that is, to only accept CHF 850,000 of the CHF 2 million to which he was entitled. On a pro-rated basis (from 1 January – 31 May), the base salary he received for 2012 consisted of CHF 354,167 in cash, and a limited number of 12,762 UBS shares with a fair value of CHF 200,000.

Independent BoD members

With the exception of the Chairman, all BoD members are deemed to be independent directors and receive fixed base fees for their services, with 50% of their fees in cash and the other 50% in blocked UBS shares that are restricted from sale for four years. Alternatively, they may choose to have 100% of their remuneration paid in blocked UBS shares. In all cases, the number of shares that independent directors are entitled to receive is calculated using a discount of 15% below the prevailing market price. In addition to the base fee, independent BoD members receive fees known as committee retainers that reflect their workload in serving on the firm’s various board committees. The Senior Independent Director and the Vice Chairman of the BoD each also receive an additional payment of CHF 250,000. In accordance with their role, independent BoD members do not receive performance awards, severance payments or benefits. Base fees, committee retainers and any other payments received by independent BoD members are subject to an annual review: a proposal is submitted by the Chairman of the BoD to the HRCC, which then submits a recommendation to the BoD.

The “Remuneration details and additional information for independent BoD members” table shows the remuneration received by independent BoD members between the 2012 and 2013 AGM. Fees for 2012 to 2013 remained unchanged. Remuneration levels for BoD members, other than the Chairman, ranged from CHF 525,000 to CHF 1,075,000. Total remuneration for the independent BoD members for the period between the 2012 to 2013 AGM was CHF 1,494,568. Our compensation7.6 million, up from CHF 7.0 million for the prior period. This increase is due to the number of BoD members, which increased from 11 to 12, and also due to increasing the membership of the Audit Committee by two new BoD members.

 

 

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framework provides for the Chairman to receive a base salary and 200,000 UBS shares, blocked for four years, as well as benefits in kind. Such shares are not designed or intended as variable compensation. Mr. Villiger chose to waive a substantial part of the share award and instead to accept a limited number of 38,700 UBS shares with a fair value of CHF 500,000. In addition, he decided to maintain the voluntary reduction in his annual base salary from CHF 2 million to CHF 850,000. The HRCC gratefully accepted and agreed with Mr. Villiger’s decision.

Highest paid Board of Directors member

The Chairman of the BoD, Mr. Villiger, is the highest paid BoD member, with total compensation of CHF 1,494,568.

Axel A. Weber’s compensation

In July 2011, we announced that Axel A. Weber would be nominated for election to the BoD as non-independent Vice-Chairman at the 2012 Annual General Meeting (AGM) and that if reelected in 2013, he would likely succeed Mr. Villiger as Chairman of the BoD. In November 2011, Mr. Villiger decided that he would not stand for reelection to the BoD at the AGM in 2012. As such, should Mr. Weber be elected to the BoD in 2012, he will succeed Mr. Villiger as Chairman of the BoD in 2012.

In line with the BoD’s compensation structure, Mr. Weber will receive a base salary, blocked UBS shares and benefits in kind. In the event that he is elected to the BoD at the AGM in 2012 and succeeds Mr. Villiger as Chairman of the BoD, his annual compensation will be CHF 2 million, together with 200,000 UBS shares that are blocked for four years.

As previously announced, the BoD agreed that Mr. Weber will receive a one-time payment upon his election to the BoD at the 2012 AGM. This consists of one year’s total compensation or CHF 2 million and 200,000 UBS shares that are blocked for one year.

Independent Board of Directors members

The table “Remuneration details and additional information for independent BoD members” shows the compensation received by independent BoD members between the 2011 and 2012 AGM. Fees for 2010 to 2011 remained unchanged. As the chair of the Corporate Responsibility Committee is now held by an independent BoD member, a retainer of CHF 100,000 has been awarded to that function.

Compensation for former Board of Directors and Group Executive Board members

NoGenerally, no compensation or benefits in kind were paid to former BoD and GEB members for 2011. In 2010, part2012. The only exception was a payment to compensate one former GEB member for benefits agreed in his original employment agreement. The value of such compensation paid relatedthis payment amounts to legacy agreements with GEB members who left several years ago that were still honored by UBS. Benefits provided for under such agreements have been discontinued for all BoD and GEB members who stepped down after 1 January 2008.CHF 25,465.

Transactions in 20112012

In accordance with the applicable rules and regulations, management transactions in UBS shares by BoD and GEB members are publicly disclosed.

From 1 January until 31 December 2011, five2012, no share sales were disclosed with a total value of CHF 7,760,461.35. Swiss stock exchange rules do not require disclosure of individual names of GEB or BoD members making such transactions.

UBS executives receive a substantial portion of their compensation in UBS equity-based awards. For this reason, management transactions generally see sales outweighing purchases. Blackout periods and synchronized dates for unblocking or vesting of shares or options granted as compensation may lead to transactions being concentrated in short time periods.disclosed.

In addition, and in accordance with normal practice, two BoD members chose to receive 100% of their full payfees in UBS shares. These shares, representing a value of CHF 650,000,625,000, will be allocated in March 2012.2013.

Loans

BoD and GEB members aremay be granted loans, fixed advances and mortgages. Such loans are made in the ordinary course of business on substantially the same terms as those granted to other employees, including interest rates and collateral, and do not involve more than the normal risk of collectability or contain other unfavorable features.

 è 

Refer to “Note 3132 Related parties” in the “Financial information” section of this report for information concerning loans granted to current and former executiveskey management personnel

 

 

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Advisory Vote

Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

Compensation

 

 

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Total compensation for GEB members

 
 CHF, except where indicateda              Variable cash
compensation under CBP
                            
 Name, function  For the year   Base salary      Immediate
cashb
   

Deferred

cash5,b

      Annual
bonus
under PEPc
   Annual
bonus  under
SEEOPd
   

Benefits

in kinde

   Contributions
to retirement
benefit plansf
   Total 
 Sergio P. Ermotti, Group CEO1   2011     1,394,445      553,200     1,290,800      922,000     1,844,000     195,450     150,816     6,350,711  
                                                   
 Oswald J. Grübel, former Group CEO2   2011     2,191,667      0     0      0     0     35,971     0     2,227,638  
                                                   
 Oswald J. Grübel, former Group CEO   2010     3,000,000      0     0      0     0     25,600     0     3,025,600  
                                                   
 Robert J. McCann, CEO Wealth Management Americas (highest-paid)   2011     1,321,538      1,869,233     1,246,155      1,557,694     3,115,388     67,053     6,264     9,183,325  
                                                   
 Carsten Kengeter, CEO Investment Bank (highest-paid)   2010     874,626      1,002,496     2,339,158      1,670,827     3,341,654     92,547     0     9,321,308  
                                                   
 Aggregate of all GEB members who were in office on 31 December 20113   2011     15,962,737      11,929,365     8,874,910      10,402,137     20,804,274     1,165,601     995,290     70,134,314  
                                                   
 Aggregate of all GEB members who were in office on 31 December 20103   2010     14,705,894      15,588,145     14,451,756      15,019,951     30,039,901     381,851     843,402     91,030,900  
                                                   
 Aggregate of all GEB members who stepped down during 20114   2011     4,155,602      509,201     1,166,759      0     962,768     171,954     80,499     7,046,783  
                                                   
 Aggregate of all GEB members who stepped down during 20104   2010     755,950      1,380,000     920,000      0     0     78,817     118,334     3,253,101  
                                                   
 

I   Sergio P. Ermotti was appointed on 1 April 2011 as GEB member and regional CEO of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. He was appointed on 24 September 2011 the new Group CEO ad interim and confirmed on 15 November 2011.   2  Oswald J. Grübel stepped down on 24 September 2011 as Group CEO.  3  Number and distribution of GEB members: 12 GEB members were in office on 31 December 2011, 13 GEB members were in office on 31 December 2010.  4  Number and distribution of former GEB members: 2011: includes five months in office as a GEB member for John Cryan, nine months for Oswald J. Grübel and 11 months for Maureen Miskovic. 2010: includes three months in office as a GEB member for Francesco Morra.   5  In 2011, for Sergio P. Ermotti, due to applicable UK FSA regulations, deferred cash includes blocked shares. In 2010, for John Cryan, Carsten Kengeter and Alexander Wilmot-Sitwell, due to applicable UK FSA regulations, deferred cash includes blocked shares.

       

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Total compensation for GEB members for the performance years 2011 and 2012

 
 CHF, except where indicateda 
  Name, function For the year  Base salary  

Immediate
cash

(for 2011
under CBP)b

  

Annual
performance
award

under

EOPc

  

Annual
performance
award

under
DCCPd

  Deferred
cash under
CBP1,b
  

Annual
performance
award

under

PEPe

  

Annual
performance
award

under
SEEOPf

  Benefits
in kindg
  Contributions
to retirement
benefit plansh
  Total 
 Sergio P. Ermotti, Group CEO  2012    2,500,000    0    3,660,000    2,440,000                69,500    201,088    8,870,588  
 Sergio P. Ermotti, Group CEO2  2011    1,394,445    553,200            1,290,800    922,000    1,844,000    195,450    150,816    6,350,711  
 

Oswald J. Grübel,

former Group CEO3

  2011    2,191,667    0            0    0    0    35,971    0    2,227,638  
 Robert J. McCann,           
 CEO Wealth Management           
 Americas (highest-paid after Group CEO)  2012    1,373,130    0    4,278,673    2,852,449                45,004    6,110    8,555,366  
 Robert J. McCann,           
 CEO Wealth Management           
 Americas (highest-paid)  2011    1,321,538    1,869,233            1,246,155    1,557,694    3,115,388    67,053    6,264    9,183,325  
 Aggregate of all GEB  2012    16,273,460    0    31,355,592    20,903,728                640,683    1,233,719    70,407,181  
 members who were in office  2011    15,962,737    11,929,365            8,874,910    10,402,137    20,804,274    1,165,601    995,290    70,134,314  
 at the end of the year4                                            
 Aggregate of all GEB  2012    1,593,288    0    0    0                105,865    14,799    1,713,952  
 members who stepped  2011    4,155,602    509,201            1,166,759    0    962,768    171,954    80,499    7,046,783  
 down during the year5                                            
 

1  In 2011, for Sergio P. Ermotti, due to applicable UK FSA regulations, deferred cash includes blocked shares.  2  Sergio P. Ermotti was appointed on 1 April 2011 as GEB member and Regional CEO of Europe, Middle East and Africa. He was appointed as the new Group CEO ad interim on 24 September 2011 and confirmed as Group CEO on 15 November 2011.  3  Oswald J. Grübel stepped down on 24 September 2011 as Group CEO.  4  Number and distribution of GEB members: 11 GEB members were in office on 31 December 2012 and 12 GEB members were in office on 31 December 2011.  5  Number and distribution of former GEB members: 2012: includes three months in office as a GEB member for Alexander Wilmot-Sitwell and 10 months in office as a GEB member for Carsten Kengeter. 2011: includes five months in office as a GEB member for John Cryan, nine months for Oswald J. Grübel and 11 months for Maureen Miskovic.

      

 

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Explanation of the tables outlining compensation details for GEB and BoD members

a. Local currencies are converted into CHF using the exchange rates as detailed in Note 38 “Currency translation rates” in the “Financial information” section in this report.

b. OfFor performance year 2012, no immediate cash was paid. For performance year 2011, 40% of the cash2011 performance award was granted in the form of Cash Balance Plan awards, of which 60% is paid out immediately (representing 24% of a GEB member’s total annual bonus)performance award). The balance is paid out in equal installments of 20%, each over the subsequent two years, and is subject to forfeiture.performance adjustments.

c. Value of each performance share at grant: CHF 13.26For EOP awards for PEP awards granted in 2012 relating to the performance year 2011; CHF 18.702012, the number of shares allocated at grant will be determined by dividing the amount communicated with the average price of UBS shares over the 10 trading days prior to and including the grant date (15 March 2013), which for notional shares is adjusted for the estimated value of dividends paid on UBS shares over the vesting period. As the grant date occurs after publication, no share price is yet available at the time of publication.

d. DCCP awards vest in full after year 5 of the five-year vesting period. The amount reflects the amount of the notional bond excluding future notional interest. The notional interest rate is set at 6.25% for awards denominated in USD and 5.40% for awards denominated in CHF.

e. For PEP awards granted in 2011 relating tofor the performance year 2010. These values are based2011, the number of performance shares allocated at grant has been determined by dividing the amount communicated with CHF 12.52 or USD 13.75 (based on valuationsthe average price of UBS shares over the last 10 trading days of February 2012 adjusted for accounting purposes which take into account the performance conditions andestimated value of dividends paid on UBS shares over the range of possible outcomes for these conditions.vesting period).

d.f.  For SEEOP awards vest in equal installments over five years and are subject to forfeiture. The grant date accounting value per share granted under SEEOP is: CHF 12.76 or USD 14.14 (actual shares) and CHF 12.36 or USD 13.70 (notional shares) for SEEOP awards granted in 2012 relating to the performance year 2011;2011, the number of shares allocated at grant has been determined by dividing the amount communicated with CHF 18.4312.92 or USD 19.94 (actual14.19 (for actual shares) and with CHF 18.3012.52 or USD 19.8013.75 (notional shares), based on the average closing price of UBS shares over the last 10 trading days of February 2012, which for SEEOP awards granted in 2011 relating tonotional shares is adjusted for the performance year 2010.estimated value of dividends paid on UBS shares over the vesting period.

e.g. Benefits in kind are all valued at market price, for example, health and welfare benefits and general expense allowances.

f.h. Swiss executives participate in the same pension plan as all other employees. Under this plan, UBS makes contributions to the plan, which covers compensation of up to CHF 835,200.835,200 (CHF 842,400 as from 1 January 2013). The retirement benefits consist of a pension, a bridging pension and a one-off payout of accumulated capital. Employees must also contribute to the plan. This figure excludes the mandatory employer’s social security contributions (AHV, ALV), but includes the portion attributed to the employer’s portion of the legal BVG requirement. The employee contribution is included in the base salary and annual incentive award components. In both the US and the UK, senior management participates in the same pension plans as all other employees. In the US, there are separate pension plans for Wealth Management Americas compared with the other business divisions. There are generally two different types of pension plans: grandfathered plans and principal plans. The grandfathered plans, which are no longer open to new hires, operate (depending on the abovementioned distinction by business division) either on a cash balance basis or a career average salary basis. Participants accrue a pension based on their annual compensation limited to USD 250,000 (or USD 150,000 for Wealth Management Americas employees). The principal plans for new hires are defined contribution plans. In the defined contribution plans, UBS makes contributions to the plan based on compensation and limited to USD 245,000250,000 (USD 250,000255,000 as from 1 January 2012)2013). US management may also participate in a 401(k) defined contribution plan (open to all employees), which provides a limited company matching contribution for employee contributions. As from 2 JanuaryIn 2012, the match is not available anymore for Wealth Management Americas employees with a compensation in excess of USD 250,000.250,000 did not receive a company match. Effective 1 January 2013, the match was reinstated for these employees. In the UK, management participates in either the principal pension plan, which operates on a defined contribution basis and is limited to an earnings cap of GBP 100,000, or a grandfathered defined benefit plan which provides a pension upon retirement based on career average base salary (individual caps introduced as of 1 July 2010).

 

270304  


Corporate governance, responsibility

and compensation

 

LOGO

 Share and option ownership/entitlements of GEB members on 31 December 2010/20111  
 Name, function  For the year   Number of
unvested
shares/at risk2
   Number
of
nested
shares
   Total
number
of shares
   Potentially
conferred voting
rights in %
   Number
of
options3
   Potentially
conferred voting
rights in %4
 
 Sergio P. Ermotti, Group Chief Executive Offcier   2011     0     0     0     0.000     0     0.000  
                                    
    2010                                
                                     
 Oswald J. Grübel, former Group Chief Executive Officer5   2011                                
                                    
    2010     0     0     0     0.000     4,000,000     0.181  
                                     
 John Cryan, former Group Chief Financial Officer5   2011                                
                                    
    2010     221,879     185,975     407,854     0.018     382,673     0.017  
                                     
 Markus U. Diethelm, Group General Counsel   2011     358,042     91,506     449,548     0.021     0     0.000  
                                    
    2010     178,619     75,700     254,319     0.012     0     0.000  
                                     
 John A. Fraser, Chairman and CEO Global Asset Management   2011     460,707     280,414     741,121     0.034     1,088,795     0.050  
                                    
    2010     326,702     316,541     643,243     0.029     1,088,795     0.049  
                                     
 

Lukas Gähwiler, CEO UBS Switzerland and co-CEO

Wealth Management & Swiss Bank

   2011     252,293     37,517     289,810     0.013     0     0.000  
                                    
    2010     110,000     850     110,850     0.005     0     0.000  
                                     
 Carsten Kengeter, Chairman and CEO Investment Bank   2011     971,575     556,016     1,527,591     0.070     905,000     0.041  
                                    
    2010     916,201     363,047     1,279,248     0.058     905,000     0.041  
                                     
 Ulrich Körner, Group Chief Operating Officer and CEO Corporate Center   2011     389,090     95,597     484,687     0.022     0     0.000  
                                    
    2010     177,592     95,597     273,189     0.012     0     0.000  
                                     
 Philip J. Lofts, Group Chief Risk Officer   2011     377,614     150,772     528,386     0.024     577,723     0.026  
                                    
    2010     200,009     144,603     344,612     

0.016

     577,723     0.026  
                                     
 Robert J. McCann, CEO Wealth Management Americas   2011     330,047     0     330,047     0.015     0     0.000  
                                    
    2010     138,598     540,866     679,464     0.031     0     0.000  
                                     
 Maureen Miskovic, former Group Chief Risk Officer5   2011                                
                                    
    2010                                
                                     
 Tom Naratil, Group Chief Financial Officer.   2011     221,238     193,836     415,074     0.019     1,046,122     0.048  
                                    
    2010                                
                                     
 

Alexander Wilmot-Sitwell, co-Chairman and co-CEO

Group Asia Pacific

   2011     495,553     220,955     716,508     0.033     353,807     0.016  
                                    
    2010     274,739     213,613     488,352     0.022     353,807     0.016  
                                     
 

Robert Wolf, former Chairman and CEO,

UBS Group Americas/ President Investment Bank

   2011                                
                                    
    2010     242,805     635,382     878,187     0.040     948,473     0.043  
                                     
 Chi-Won Yoon, co-Chairman and co-CEO Group Asia Pacific   2011     306,515     350,311     656,826     0.030     623,253     0.029  
                                    
    2010     184,858     318,332     503,190     0.023     623,253     0.028  
                                     
 

Jürg Zeltner, CEO UBS Wealth Management and co-CEO

Wealth Management & Swiss Bank

   2011     306,487     11,756     318,243     0.015     205,470     0.009  
                                    
    2010     113,609     9,405     123,014     0.006     205,470     0.009  
                                     
 

1  This table includes all vested and unvested shares and options of GEB members, including related parties.  2  Includes shares granted under variable compensation plans with forfeiture provisions. The actual number of shares vesting in the future will be calculated under the terms of the plans. Refer to “Deferred variable compensation plans” in this section for more information on the plans.  3  Refer to “Note 30 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  4  No conversion rights are outstanding.  5  GEB members who stepped down during 2011.

     

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 Share and option ownership/entitlements of GEB members on 31 December 2011/20121 
 Name, function For the year  Number of
unvested
shares/at  risk2
  

Number

of

vested

shares

  Total
number
of shares
  Potentially
conferred voting
rights in %
  Number
of
options3
  Potentially
conferred voting
rights in %4
 
 Sergio P. Ermotti, Group Chief Executive Officer  2012    220,928    41,960    262,888    0.013    0    0.000  
                             
   2011    0    0    0    0.000    0    0.000  
                              
 Markus U. Diethelm, Group General Counsel  2012    506,132    126,098    632,230    0.030    0    0.000  
                             
   2011    358,042    91,506    449,548    0.021    0    0.000  
                              
 John A. Fraser, Chairman and CEO Global Asset Management  2012    617,529    315,270    932,799    0.045    884,531    0.042  
                             
   2011    460,707    280,414    741,121    0.034    1,088,795    0.050  
                              
 Lukas Gähwiler, CEO UBS Switzerland and CEO Retail & Corporate  2012    412,199    95,537    507,736    0.024    0    0.000  
                             
   2011    252,293    37,517    289,810    0.013    0    0.000  
                              
 Carsten Kengeter, former co-CEO
Investment Bank5
  2012                          
                             
   2011    971,575    556,016    1,527,591    0.070    905,000    0.041  
                              
 Ulrich Körner, Group Chief Operating Officer, CEO Corporate Center and CEO Group EMEA  2012    605,284    121,837    727,121    0.035    0    0.000  
                             
   2011    389,090    95,597    484,687    0.022    0    0.000  
                              
 Philip J. Lofts, Group Chief Risk Officer  2012    542,402    169,789    712,191    0.034    536,173    0.026  
                             
   2011    377,614    150,772    528,386    0.024    577,723    0.026  
                              
 Robert J. McCann, CEO Group Americas and CEO Wealth Management Americas  2012    658,470    18,112    676,582    0.032    0    0.000  
                             
   2011    330,047    0    330,047    0.015    0    0.000  
                              
 Tom Naratil, Group Chief Financial Officer  2012    340,757    233,603    574,360    0.027    935,291    0.045  
                             
   2011    221,238    193,836    415,074    0.019    1,046,122    0.048  
                              
 Andrea Orcel, CEO Investment Bank  2012    1,755,691    0    1,755,691    0.084    0    0.000  
                             
                          
                              
 Alexander Wilmot-Sitwell, former co-Chairman and co-CEO Group Asia Pacific5  2012                          
                             
   2011    495,553    220,955    716,508    0.033    353,807    0.016  
                              
 Chi-Won Yoon, CEO Group Asia Pacific  2012    478,986    370,760    849,746    0.041    578,338    0.028  
                             
   2011    306,515    350,311    656,826    0.030    623,253    0.029  
                              
 Jürg Zeltner, CEO UBS Wealth Management  2012    522,500    38,329    560,829    0.027    203,093    0.010  
                             
   2011    306,487    11,756    318,243    0.015    205,470    0.009  
                              
 

1  This table includes all vested and unvested shares and options of GEB members, including related parties.  2  Includes shares granted under variable compensation plans with forfeiture provisions. The actual number of shares vesting in the future will be calculated under the terms of the plans. Refer to the “Deferred variable compensation plans” section in this report for more information on the plans.  3  Refer to “Note 31 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  4  No conversion rights are outstanding.  5  GEB members who stepped down during 2012.

     

 

 271305


Advisory voteVote

Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

Compensation

 

 

LOGO Compensation details and additional information for non-independent BoD members 
 CHF, except where indicateda                                  
 Name, function1  For the year   Base salary   Annual bonus
(cash)
   Annual
share award
  Benefits in kinde   Contributions
to retirement
benefit plansf
   Total 
 

Kaspar Villiger, Chairman

   2011     850,000     0     500,0002   144,568     0     1,494,568  
                                    
    2010     850,000     0     500,0002   141,308     0     1,491,308  
                                    
 

1  Kaspar Villiger was the only non-independent member in office on 31 December 2011 and 31 December 2010, respectively.  2  These shares are blocked for four years.

  
LOGO Compensation details and additional information for non-independent BoD members 
 CHF, except where indicateda                                  
 Name, function1  For the year   Base salary   

Annual

performance
award (cash)

   

Annual

share award

  Benefits in kindg   

Contributions
to retirement
benefit

plansh

   Total 
 

Axel A. Weber, Chairman

   2012     1,322,581          2,003,9952   69,867     171,898     3,568,341  
                                    
    2011                               
                                    
 

Kaspar Villiger, former Chairman

   2012     354,167          200,0002   54,926          609,093  
                                    
    2011     850,000     0     500,0002   144,568     0     1,494,568  
                                    
 

1   Axel A. Weber was the only non-independent member in office on 31 December 2012; Kaspar Villiger did not stand for reelection at the AGM on 3 May 2012. Kaspar Villiger was the only non-independent member in office on 31 December 2011.  2  These shares are blocked for four years.

   

 

LOGO Remuneration details and additional information for independent BoD members  
 CHF, except where indicateda                                                     
 Name, function1 Audit
Committee
 Human
Resources &
Compensation
Committee
 Governance
& Nominating
Committee
 Corporate
Responsibility
Committee
 Risk
Committee
  For the
period
AGM to
AGM
   Base fee   Committee
retainer(s)
   Benefits
in kind
  Additional
payments
  Total   Share
percen-
tage2
   Number
of
shares3,4
 
 Michel Demaré, M    M       2011 / 2012     325,000     300,000       250,0005   875,000     50    39,845 
                                               
 Vice Chairman M    M       2010 / 2011     325,000     300,000       250,0005   875,000     100    52,631 
                                                
 David Sidwell,   M    C     2011 / 2012     325,000     500,000       250,0005   1,075,000     50    48,952 
                                               
 Senior Independent Director     C     2010 / 2011     325,000     400,000       250,0005   975,000     50    30,893 
                                                
 Sally Bott,        2011 / 2012                            
                                               
 former member  C   M   M      2010 / 2011     325,000     450,000        775,000     50    24,556 
                                                
 Rainer-Marc Frey, M      M     2011 / 2012     325,000     400,000        725,000     100    62,635 
                                               
 member M      M     2010 / 2011     325,000     400,000        725,000     100    43,583 
                                                
 Bruno Gehrig,  M   M       2011 / 2012     325,000     200,000        525,000     50    23,907 
                                               
 member  M   M       2010 / 2011     325,000     200,000        525,000     50    16,634 
                                                
 Ann F. Godbehere, M   C    M      2011 / 2012     325,000     550,000        875,000     50    39,845 
                                               
 member M     M      2010 / 2011     325,000     250,000        575,000     50    18,219 
                                                
 Axel P. Lehmann,   M    M     2011 / 2012     325,000     250,000        575,000     100    49,632 
                                               
 member     M     2010 / 2011     325,000     200,000        525,000     100    31,519 
                                                
 Wolfgang Mayrhuber,  M    C      2011 / 2012     325,000     200,000        525,000     50    23,907 
                                               
 member  M    M      2010 / 2011     325,000     150,000        475,000     50    15,050 
                                                
 Helmut Panke,  M     M     2011 / 2012     325,000     300,000        625,000     50    28,460 
                                               
 member  M     M     2010 / 2011     325,000     300,000        625,000     50    19,803 
                                                
 William G. Parrett, C         2011 / 2012     325,000     300,000        625,000     50    28,460 
                                               
 member C         2010 / 2011     325,000     300,000        625,000     50    19,803 
                                                
 Joseph Yam,    M   M     2011 / 2012     325,000     250,000        575,000     50    26,183 
                                               
 member        2010 / 2011                            
                                                
 Total 2011                 7,000,000       
                                                
 Total 2010                 6,700,000       
                                                
 

Legend:C = Chairperson of the respective Committee; M = Member of the respective Committee.

 
                      
 

1  There were 10 independent BoD members in office on 31 December 2011. Joseph Yam was appointed at the AGM on 28 April 2011 and Sally Bott stepped down on 11 February 2011. There were 10 independent BoD members in office on 31 December 2010.Wolfgang Mayrhuber was appointed at the AGM on 14 April 2010, and Sergio Marchionne and Peter Voser stepped down from the BoD at the AGM on 14 April 2010.  2  Fees are paid 50% in cash and 50% in blocked UBS shares. However, independent BoD members can elect to have 100% of their remuneration paid in blocked UBS shares.  3  For 2011, shares valued at CHF 12.92 (average price of UBS shares at SIX Swiss Exchange over the last 10 trading days of February 2012), included a price discount of 15%, for a new value of discount price CHF 10.98. These shares are blocked for four years. For 2010, shares valued at CHF 18.56 (average price of UBS shares at SIX Swiss Exchange over the last 10 trading days of February 2011), included a price discount of 15%, for a new value of discount price of CHF 15.78. These shares are blocked for four years.  4  Number of shares is reduced in case of the 100% election to deduct social security contribution. All remuneration payments are submitted to social security contribution /withholding tax.  5  This payment is associated with the Vice Chairman or the Senior Independent Director function, respectively.

 
LOGO Remuneration details and additional information for independent BoD members   
 CHF, except where indicateda                                                       
 Name, function1 Audit
Committee
 Human
Resources &
Compensation
Committee
 Governance
& Nominating
Committee
 Corporate
Responsibility
Committee
 Risk
Committee
  

For the

period
AGM to

AGM

   Base fee   Committee
retainer(s)
   Benefits
in kind
  Additional
payments
  Total   Share
percentage2
   Number
of
shares3,4
   
 Michel Demaré, M    M       2012/2013     325,000     300,000       250,0005   875,000     50    34,233 
                                               
 Vice Chairman M    M       2011/2012     325,000     300,000       250,0005   875,000     50    39,845 
                                                 
 David Sidwell,   M    C     2012/2013     325,000     500,000       250,0005   1,075,000     50    42,057 
                                               
 Senior Independent Director   M    C     2011/2012     325,000     500,000       250,0005   1,075,000     50    48,952 
                                                 
 Rainer-Marc Frey,  M     M     2012/2013     325,000     300,000        625,000     100    46,367 
                                               
 member M      M     2011/2012     325,000     400,000        725,000     100    62,635 
                                                 
 Bruno Gehrig,        2012/2013                         
                                               
 former member  M   M       2011/2012     325,000     200,000        525,000     50    23,907 
                                                 
 Ann F. Godbehere, M   C        2012/2013     325,000     500,000        825,000     50    32,276 
                                               
 member M   C    M      2011/2012     325,000     550,000        875,000     50    39,845 
                                                 
 Axel P. Lehmann,   M    M     2012/2013     325,000     300,000        625,000     100    46,367 
                                               
 member   M    M     2011/2012     325,000     250,000        575,000     100    49,632 
                                                 
 Wolfgang Mayrhuber,  M    C      2012/2013     325,000     200,000        525,000     50    20,539 
                                               
 member  M    C      2011/2012     325,000     200,000        525,000     50    23,907 
                                                 
 Helmut Panke,  M     M     2012/2013     325,000     300,000        625,000     50    24,452 
                                               
 member  M     M     2011/2012     325,000     300,000        625,000     50    28,460 
                                                 
 William G. Parrett, C     M      2012/2013     325,000     350,000        675,000     50    26,408 
                                               
 member C         2011/2012     325,000     300,000        625,000     50    28,460 
                                                 
 Isabelle Romy, M    M       2012/2013     325,000     300,000        625,000     50    24,452 
                                               
 member        2011/2012                         
                                                 
 Beatrice Weder di Mauro, M     M      2012/2013     325,000     250,000        575,000     50    22,496 
                                               
 member        2011/2012                         
                                                 
 Joseph Yam,    M   M     2012/2013     325,000     250,000        575,000     50    22,496 
                                               
 member    M   M     2011/2012     325,000     250,000        575,000     50    26,183 
                                                 
 Total 2012                 7,625,000       
                                                 
 Total 2011                 7,000,000       
                                                 
 

Legend:C = Chairperson of the respective Committee; M = Member of the respective Committee

            
                      
 

 

 

1  There were 11 independent BoD members in office on 31 December 2012. Isabelle Romy and Beatrice Weder di Mauro were appointed at the AGM on 3 May 2012 and Bruno Gehrig did not stand for reelection at the AGM on 3 May 2012. There were 10 independent BoD members in office on 31 December 2011. Joseph Yam was appointed at the AGM on 28 April 2011 and Sally Bott stepped down on 11 February 2011.  2  Fees are paid 50% in cash and 50% in blocked UBS shares. However, independent BoD members can elect to have 100% of their remuneration paid in blocked UBS shares.  3  For 2012, shares valued at CHF 15.03 (average price of UBS shares at SIX Swiss Exchange over the last 10 trading days of February 2013), and were granted with a price discount of 15% for a new value of CHF 12.78. These shares are blocked for four years. For 2011, shares valued at CHF 12.92 (average price of UBS shares at SIX Swiss Exchange over the last 10 trading days of February 2012), and were granted with a price discount of 15% for a new value of CHF 10.98. These shares are blocked for four years.  4  Number of shares is reduced in case of the 100% election to deduct social security contribution. All remuneration payments are subject to social security contributions / withholding tax.  5  This payment is associated with the Vice Chairman or the Senior Independent Director function, respectively.

 

 

272306  


Corporate governance, responsibility

and compensation

 

 

Total payments to BoD members

 
CHF, except where indicateda  For the year   Total 

Aggregate of all BoD members

   2011     8,494,568  
          
   2010     8,191,310  
           
LOGO Total payments to BoD members 
 CHF, except where indicateda  For the year   Total 
 

Aggregate of all BoD members

   2012     11,802,434  
           
     2011     8,494,568  

 

Number of shares of BoD members on 31 December 2010/20111

 
Name, function  For the year   Number of shares held   Voting rights in % 

Kaspar Villiger, Chairman

   2011     49,440     0.002  
               
   2010     22,500     0.001  
                

Michel Demaré, Vice Chairman

   2011     76,334     0.003  
               
   2010     23,703     0.001  
                

David Sidwell, Senior Independent Director

   2011     100,247     0.005  
               
   2010     69,354     0.003  
                

Sally Bott, former member2

   2011            
               
   2010     39,542     0.002  
                

Rainer-Marc Frey, member

   2011     100,042     0.005  
               
   2010     56,459     0.003  
                

Bruno Gehrig, member

   2011     54,409     0.002  
               
   2010     37,775     0.002  
                

Ann F. Godbehere, member

   2011     41,441     0.002  
               
   2010     23,222     0.001  
                

Axel P. Lehmann, member

   2011     89,971     0.004  
               
   2010     58,452     0.003  
                

Wolfgang Mayrhuber, member

   2011     15,050     0.001  
               
   2010     0     0.000  
                

Helmut Panke, member

   2011     109,332     0.005  
               
   2010     89,529     0.004  
                

William G. Parrett, member

   2011     62,618     0.003  
               
   2010     42,815     0.002  
                

Joseph Yam, member

   2011     0     0.000  
               
   2010            
                

1  This table includes blocked and unblocked shares held by BoD members, including related parties. No options were granted in 2010 and 2011.   2  Sally Bott stepped down on 11 February 2011 as BoD member.

   
LOGO Number of shares of BoD members on 31 December 2011 / 20121 
 Name, function  For the year   Number of shares held   Voting rights in % 
 

Axel A. Weber, Chairman2

   2012     200,000     0.010  
                
    2011         
                 
 

Kaspar Villiger, former Chairman3

   2012         
                
    2011     49,440     0.002  
                 
 

Michel Demaré, Vice Chairman

   2012     116,179     0.006  
                
    2011     76,334     0.003  
                 
 

David Sidwell, Senior Independent Director

   2012     149,199     0.007  
                
    2011     100,247     0.005  
                 
 

Rainer-Marc Frey, member

   2012     162,677     0.008  
                
    2011     100,042     0.005  
                 
 

Bruno Gehrig, former member3

   2012         
                
    2011     54,409     0.002  
                 
 

Ann F. Godbehere, member

   2012     81,286     0.004  
                
    2011     41,441     0.002  
                 
 

Axel P. Lehmann, member

   2012     139,603     0.007  
                
    2011     89,971     0.004  
                 
 

Wolfgang Mayrhuber, member

   2012     38,957     0.002  
                
    2011     15,050     0.001  
                 
 

Helmut Panke, member

   2012     137,792     0.007  
                
    2011     109,332     0.005  
                 
 

William G. Parrett, member

   2012     91,078     0.004  
                
    2011     62,618     0.003  
                 
 

Isabelle Romy, member2

   2012     0     0.000  
                
    2011         
                 
 

Beatrice Weder di Mauro, member2

   2012     0     0.000  
                
    2011         
                 
 

Joseph Yam, member

   2012     26,183     0.001  
                
    2011     0     0.000  
                 
 

1  This table includes blocked and unblocked shares held by BoD members, including related parties. No options were granted in 2011 and 2012.  2  Axel A. Weber, Isabelle Romy and Beatrice Weder di Mauro were appointed at the AGM on 3 May 2012.  3  Kaspar Villiger and Bruno Gehrig did not stand for reelection at the AGM on 3 May 2012.

   

 

 273307


Advisory Vote

Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

Compensation

 

 

LOGO Compensation paid to former BoD and GEB members1 
 CHF, except where indicated1                                                            
 Name, function                                          For the year   Compensation   Benefits in kind   Total 
 

Alberto Togni, former BoD member

                       2011     0     0     0  
                                                    
                        2010     0     20,493     20,493  
                                                    
 

Aggregate of all former GEB members2

                       2011     0     0     0  
                        2010     0     57,229     57,229  
                                                    
 

Aggregate of all former BoD and GEB members

                       2011     0     0     0  
                                                    
                        2010     0     77,722     77,722  
                                                    
 

1  Compensation or remuneration connected with the former member’s activity on the BoD or GEB that is not at market conditions.  2  Includes zero former GEB member in 2011 and one former GEB member in 2010.

   
LOGO Compensation paid to former BoD and GEB members1 
 CHF, except where indicateda                                                            
 Name, function                                          For the year   Compensation   Benefits in kind   Total 
 

Former BoD members

                       2012     0     0     0  
                                                    
                        2011     0     0     0  
                                                    
 

Aggregate of all former GEB members2

                       2012     0     25,465     25,465  
                        2011     0     0     0  
                                                    
 

Aggregate of all former BoD and GEB members

                       2012     0     25,465     25,465  
                                                    
                        2011     0     0     0  
                                                    
 

1 Compensation or remuneration that is connected with the former member’s activity on the BoD or GEB or that is not at market conditions.  2  Includes one former GEB member in 2012 and no former GEB member in 2011.

   

 

LOGO Total of all vested and unvested shares of GEB members1-2 
     Total  Of which
vested
  Of which vesting 
             2012   2013   2014   2015   2016 
 

Shares on 31 December 2011

   2,863,887    1,988,680    408,037     290,631     88,269     88,269     0  
                                   
             2011   2012   2013   2014   2015 
 

Shares on 31 December 2010

   4,409,3453    2,922,4113   582,787     411,339     282,754     105,027     105,027  
                                   
 

1  Includes related parties.  2  Excludes shares granted under variable compensation plans with forfeiture provisions.  3  Includes 22,500 vested shares of the Chairman.

  
 

 

No individual GEB member holds 1% or more of all shares issued.

  

LOGO Total of all vested and unvested shares of GEB members1,2 
     Total   Of which
vested
   

Of which vesting

 
               2013   2014   2015   2016   2017 
 

Shares on 31 December 2012

   3,414,568     1,531,295     952,668     583,281     347,324     0     0  
                                     
               2012   2013   2014   2015   2016 
 

Shares on 31 December 2011

   2,863,887     1,988,680     408,037     290,631     88,269     88,269     0  
                                     
 

1  Includes related parties.  2  Excludes shares granted under variable compensation plans with forfeiture provisions.

  

 

LOGO Total of all blocked and unblocked shares of BoD members1 
     Total  Of which
unblocked
  

Of which blocked until

 
             2012   2013   2014   2015 
 

Shares on 31 December 2011

   698,884    72,775    9,349     115,690     225,995     275,075  
                              
             2011   2012   2013   2014 
 

Shares on 31 December 2010

   440,851   46,0102   4,266     9,349     127,970     253,256  
                              
 

1 Includes related parties.2 Excludes 22,500 vested shares of the Chairman.

  
 

 

No individual BoD member holds 1% or more of all shares issued.

  

LOGO Total of all blocked and unblocked shares of BoD members1 
     Total   Of which
unblocked
   

Of which blocked until

 
               2013   2014   2015   2016 
 

Shares on 31 December 2012

   1,142,954     56,624     302,118     204,792     231,501     347,919  
                                
               2012   2013   2014   2015 
 

Shares on 31 December 2011

   698,884     72,775     9,349     115,690     225,995     275,075  
                                
 

1  Includes related parties.

  

 

274308  


Corporate governance, responsibility

and compensation

 

LOGO 

Vested and unvested options of GEB members on 31 December 2010/20111

 
 

For the year

  
 
 
Total
number of
options
  
  
2 
  
 
Number of
options
  
3 
  
 
Year of
grant
  
  
  
 
Vesting
date
  
  
  
 

Expiry
date

 
  

  
 
Strike
price
  
  
   For the year  
 
 
Total
number of
options
  
  
2 
  
 
Number of
options
  
3 
  
 
Year of
grant
  
  
  
 
Vesting
date
  
  
  
 
Expiry
date
 
  
  
 
Strike
price
  
  
                                               ��      
                
 Sergio P. Ermotti, Group Chief Executive Officer John A. Fraser, Chairman and CEO Global Asset Management (continued)  
                                                       
 2011  0          2010  1,088,795    76,380    2002    31/01/2005    31/01/2012    USD 21.24  
                                                  
 2010               127,884    2002    28/06/2005    28/06/2012    CHF 37.90  
                                                  
             127,884    2003    31/01/2006    31/01/2013    USD 22.53  
                             
 Oswald J. Grübel, former Group Chief Executive Officer4   170,512    2004    01/03/2007    27/02/2014    USD 38.13  
                                                  
 2011               202,483    2005    01/03/2008    28/02/2015    USD 44.81  
                                              
 2010  4,000,000    4,000,000    2009    26/02/2009    25/02/2014    CHF 10.10        213,140    2006    01/03/2009    28/02/2016    CHF 72.57  
                                                  
             170,512    2007    01/03/2010    28/02/2017    CHF 73.67  
                                   
 John Cryan, former Group Chief Financial Officer4           
                                   
 2011      21,362    2002    31/01/2003    31/01/2012    CHF 36.49    Lukas Gähwiler, CEO UBS Switzerland and co-CEO Wealth Management & Swiss Bank   
                                                  
 2010  382,673    20,731    2002    31/01/2004    31/01/2012    CHF 36.49    2011  0       
                                                  
    20,725    2002    31/01/2005    31/01/2012    CHF 36.49     2010  0       
                                                  
    5,454    2002    28/02/2003    28/02/2012    CHF 36.65           
                               
    5,294    2002    28/02/2004    28/02/2012    CHF 36.65     Carsten Kengeter, Chairman and CEO Investment Bank  
                                                  
    5,292    2002    28/02/2005    28/02/2012    CHF 36.65     2011  905,000    905,000    2009    01/03/2012    27/12/2019    CHF 40.00  
                                                  
    23,626    2003    01/03/2004    31/01/2013    CHF 27.81     2010  905,000    905,000    2009    01/03/2012    27/12/2019    CHF 40.00  
                                                  
    23,620    2003    01/03/2005    31/01/2013    CHF 27.81           
                               
    23,612    2003    01/03/2006    31/01/2013    CHF 27.81     Ulrich Körner, Group Chief Operating Officer and CEO Corporate Center  
                                                  
    5,526    2003    01/03/2004    28/02/2013    CHF 26.39     2011  0       
                                                  
    5,524    2003    01/03/2005    28/02/2013    CHF 26.39     2010  0       
                                                  
    5,524    2003    01/03/2006    28/02/2013    CHF 26.39           
                               
    17,072    2004    01/03/2005    27/02/2014    CHF 44.32     Philip J. Lofts, Group Chief Risk Officer  
                                                  
    17,068    2004    01/03/2006    27/02/2014    CHF 44.32     2011  577,723    11,445    2002    31/01/2003    31/01/2012    CHF 36.49  
                                              
    17,063    2004    01/03/2007    27/02/2014    CHF 44.32        11,104    2002    31/01/2004    31/01/2012    CHF 36.49  
                                              
    14,210    2005    01/03/2006    28/02/2015    CHF 47.58        11,098    2002    31/01/2005    31/01/2012    CHF 36.49  
                                              
    14,210    2005    01/03/2007    28/02/2015    CHF 47.58        1,240    2002    28/02/2003    28/02/2012    CHF 36.65  
                                              
    14,207    2005    01/03/2008    28/02/2015    CHF 47.58        5,464    2002    28/02/2004    28/02/2012    CHF 36.65  
                                              
    5,330    2006    01/03/2007    28/02/2016    CHF 65.97        1,199    2002    28/02/2005    28/02/2012    CHF 36.65  
                                              
    5,328    2006    01/03/2008    28/02/2016    CHF 65.97        9,985    2003    01/03/2004    31/01/2013    CHF 27.81  
                                              
    5,326    2006    01/03/2009    28/02/2016    CHF 65.97        9,980    2003    01/03/2005    31/01/2013    CHF 27.81  
                                                       
    17,762    2007    01/03/2008    28/02/2017    CHF 67.00        9,974    2003    01/03/2006    31/01/2013    CHF 27.81  
                                              
    17,672    2007    01/03/2009    28/02/2017    CHF 67.00        1,833    2003    01/03/2004    28/02/2013    CHF 26.39  
                                              
    17,760    2007    01/03/2010    28/02/2017    CHF 67.00        1,830    2003    01/03/2005    28/02/2013    CHF 26.39  
                                              
    53,285    2008    01/03/2011    28/02/2018    CHF 32.45        1,830    2003    01/03/2006    28/02/2013    CHF 26.39  
                                                  
             35,524    2004    01/03/2005    27/02/2014    CHF 44.32  
                               
 Markus U. Diethelm, Group General Counsel        35,524    2004    01/03/2006    27/02/2014    CHF 44.32  
                                                  
 2011  0             35,521    2004    01/03/2007    27/02/2014    CHF 44.32  
                                                  
 2010  0             117,090    2005    01/03/2008    28/02/2015    CHF 52.32  
                                                  
             117,227    2006    01/03/2009    28/02/2016    CHF 72.57  
                               
 John A. Fraser, Chairman and CEO Global Asset Management        85,256    2007    01/03/2010    28/02/2017    CHF 73.67  
                                                  
 2011  1,088,795    76,380    2002    31/01/2005    31/01/2012    USD 21.24        74,599    2008    01/03/2011    28/02/2018    CHF 35.66  
                                                  
    127,884    2002    28/06/2005    28/06/2012    CHF 37.90     2010  577,723    11,445    2002    31/01/2003    31/01/2012    CHF 36.49  
                                              
    127,884    2003    31/01/2006    31/01/2013    USD 22.53        11,104    2002    31/01/2004    31/01/2012    CHF 36.49  
                                              
    170,512    2004    01/03/2007    27/02/2014    USD 38.13        11,098    2002    31/01/2005    31/01/2012    CHF 36.49  
                                              
    202,483    2005    01/03/2008    28/02/2015    USD 44.81        1,240    2002    28/02/2003    28/02/2012    CHF 36.65  
                                              
    213,140    2006    01/03/2009    28/02/2016    CHF 72.57        5,464    2002    28/02/2004    28/02/2012    CHF 36.65  
                                              
    170,512    2007    01/03/2010    28/02/2017    CHF 73.67        1,199    2002    28/02/2005    28/02/2012    CHF 36.65  
                                                       
 

1  This table includes all options of GEB members, including related parties.  2  No conversion rights are outstanding.  3  Refer to “Note 30 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  4  GEB members who stepped down during 2011.

   

275


Advisory Vote

Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

compensation

Vested and unvested options of GEB members on 31 December 2010/20111 (continued)

LOGO For the year   
 

 
 

Total
number

of
options2

  
 

  
  

   

 
 

Number

of
options2

 

  
  

   

 
 

Year

of
grant

 

  
  

  

 

 

Vesting

date

  

  

  

 

 

Expiry

date

  

  

   

 

Strike

price

  

  

    For the year   
 

 
 

Total
number

of
options

  
 

  
2 

  

 
 

Number

of
options3

 

  
  

   

 
 

Year

of
grant

 

  
  

   

 

Vesting

date

  

  

   

 

Expiry

date

  

  

   Strike price  
    
 Philip J. Lofts, Group Chief Risk Officer (continued)     Alexander Wilmot-Sitwell, co-Chairman and co-CEO Group Asia Pacific (cont.)  
      9,985     2003     01/03/2004     31/01/2013     CHF 27.81         35,524     2006     01/03/2008     28/02/2016     CHF 65.97  
      9,980     2003     01/03/2005     31/01/2013     CHF 27.81         35,521     2006     01/03/2009     28/02/2016     CHF 65.97  
      9,974     2003     01/03/2006     31/01/2013     CHF 27.81         106,570     2007     01/03/2010     28/02/2017     CHF 73.67  
      1,833     2003     01/03/2004     28/02/2013     CHF 26.39             85,256     2008     01/03/2011     28/02/2018     CHF 35.66  
      1,830     2003     01/03/2005     28/02/2013     CHF 26.39     Robert Wolf, former Chairman and CEO, UBS Group Americas/President investment Bank   
      1,830     2003     01/03/2006     28/02/2013     CHF 26.39     2011   —             
      35,524     2004     01/03/2005     27/02/2014     CHF 44.32     2010   948,473    287,739     2003     31/01/2006     31/01/2013     USD 22.53  
      35,524     2004     01/03/2006     27/02/2014     CHF 44.32         213,140     2004     01/03/2007     27/02/2014     USD 38.13  
      35,521     2004     01/03/2007     27/02/2014     CHF 44.32         127,884     2005     01/03/2008     28/02/2015     USD 44.81  
      117,090     2005     01/03/2008     28/02/2015     CHF 52.32         106,570     2006     01/03/2009     28/02/2016     CHF 72.57  
      117,227     2006     01/03/2009     28/02/2016     CHF 72.57         106,570     2007     01/03/2010     28/02/2017     CHF 73.67  
      85,256     2007     01/03/2010     28/02/2017     CHF 73.67             106,570     2008     01/03/2011     28/02/2018     CHF 35.66  
          74,599     2008     01/03/2011     28/02/2018     CHF 35.66     Chi-Won Yoon, co-Chairman and co-CEO Group Asia Pacific  
 Robert J. McCann, CEO Wealth Management Americas     2011   623,253    11,577     2002     31/01/2002     31/01/2012     USD 21.24  
 2011   0                   11,229     2002     31/01/2004     31/01/2012     USD 21.24  
 2010   0                                  11,227     2002     31/01/2005     31/01/2012     USD 21.24  
 Maureen Miskovic, former Group Chief Risk Officer4         2,252     2002     28/02/2002     28/02/2012     USD 21.70  
 2011   —                     6,446     2002     29/02/2004     28/02/2012     USD 21.70  
 2010   —                                    2,184     2002     28/02/2005     28/02/2012     USD 21.70  
  Tom Naratil, Group Chief Financial Officer           8,648   2003   01/03/2004   31/01/2013   USD 20.49 
 2011   1,046,122     35,524     2002     31/01/2003     31/01/2012     USD 21.24         8,642     2003     01/03/2005     31/01/2013     USD 20.49  
      35,524     2002     31/01/2004     31/01/2012     USD 21.24         8,635     2003     01/03/2006     31/01/2013     USD 20.49  
      35,521     2002     31/01/2005     31/01/2012     USD 21.24         4,262     2003     28/02/2005     28/02/2013     USD 19.53  
      4,262     2002     29/02/2004     28/02/2012     USD 21.70         3,374     2003     01/03/2004     28/02/2013     USD 19.53  
      63,942     2003     31/01/2006     31/01/2013     USD 22.53         3,371     2003     01/03/2005     28/02/2013     USD 19.53  
      4,262     2003     28/02/2005     28/02/2013     USD 19.53         3,371     2003     01/03/2006     28/02/2013     USD 19.53  
      145,962     2004     01/03/2007     27/02/2014     USD 38.13         6,200     2004     01/03/2005     27/02/2014     CHF 44.32  
      166,010     2005     01/03/2008     28/02/2015     USD 44.81         4,262     2004     27/02/2006     27/02/2014     CHF 44.32  
      142,198     2006     01/03/2009     28/02/2016     CHF 72.57         6,198     2004     01/03/2006     27/02/2014     CHF 44.32  
      131,277     2007     01/03/2010     28/02.2017     CHF 73.67         6,195     2004     01/03/2007     27/02/2014     CHF 44.32  
      181,640     2008     01/03/2011     28/02/2018     CHF 35.66         10,659     2005     01/03/2006     28/02/2015     CHF 47.58  
      100,000     2009     01/03/2012     27/02/2019     CHF 11.35         10,657     2005     01/03/2007     28/02/2015     CHF 47.58  
 2010   —                                    10,654     2005     01/03/2008     28/02/2015     CHF 47.58  
 Alexander Wilmot-Sitwell, co-Chairman and co-CEO Group Asia Pacific         21,316     2006     01/03/2007     28/02/2016     CHF 65.97  
 2011   353,807     53,282     2005     01/03/2008     28/02/2015     CHF 47.58         21,314     2006     01/03/2008     28/02/2016     CHF 65.97  
      2,130     2005     04/03/2007     04/03/2015     CHF 47.89         21,311     2006     01/03/2009     28/02/2016     CHF 65.97  
      35,524     2006     01/03/2007     28/02/2016     CHF 65.97         8,881     2007     01/03/2008     28/02/2017     CHF 67.00  
      35,524     2006     01/03/2008     28/02/2016     CHF 65.97         8,880     2007     01/03/2009     28/02/2017     CHF 67.00  
      35,521     2006     01/03/2009     28/02/2016     CHF 65.97         8,880     2007     01/03/2010     28/02/2017     CHF 67.00  
      106,570     2007     01/03/2010     28/02/2017     CHF 73.67         42,628     2008     01/03/2011     28/02/2018     CHF 32.45  
      85,256     2008     01/03/2011     28/02/2018     CHF 35.66     2010   623,253    350,000     2009     01/03/2012     27/02/2019     CHF 11.35  
 2010   353,807     53,282     2005     01/03/2008     28/02/2015     CHF 47.58         11,577     2002     31/01/2002     31/01/2012     USD 21.24  
      2,130     2005     04/03/2007     04/03/2015     CHF 47.89         11,229     2002     31/01/2004     31/01/2012     USD 21.24  
      35,524     2006     01/03/2007     28/02/2016     CHF 65.97         11,227     2002     31/01/2005     31/01/2012     USD 21. 24  
                    2,252     2002     28/02/2002     28/02/2012     USD 21.70 
                                                                  
 

1  This table includes all options of GEB members, including related parties.  2  No conversion rights are outstanding.  3  Refer to “Note 30 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  4  GEB members who stepped down during 2011.

   

276


Corporate governance, responsibility

and compensation

 

LOGO

LOGO
 

Vested and unvested options of GEB members on 31 December 2010/20112011/20121 (continued)

 
 

For the year



Total
number of
options


2


Number
of
options


3

Year of
grant


Vesting

date



Expiry

date



Strike
price


For the
year

  
 
 
Total
number of
options
  
  
2 
  
 
Number of
options
  
3 
  
 
Year of
grant
  
  
  

 

Vesting

date

  

  

  
Expiry
date


Strike
price

For the year

Total
number of
options


2

Number of
options

3

Year of
grant


 

ExpiryVesting

date

  

  


Expiry
date

  
 
Strike
price
  
  
      
Chi-Won Yoon, co-Chairman and co-CEO Group Asia Pacific (continued)
Jürg Zeltner, CEO UBS Wealth Management and co-CEO Wealth Management &
Swiss Bank (continued)

6,446200229/02/200428/02/2012USD 21.707,106200601/03/200728/02/2016CHF 65.97
2,184200228/02/200528/02/2012USD 21.707,103200601/03/200828/02/2016CHF 65.97
8,648200301/03/200431/01/2013USD 20.497,103200601/03/200928/02/2016CHF 65.97
8,642200301/03/200531/01/2013USD 20.49110200603/03/200803/03/2016CHF 65.91
8,635200301/03/200631/01/2013USD 20.49242200609/06/200809/06/2016CHF 61.84
4,262200328/02/200528/02/2013USD 19.53230200608/09/200808/09/2016CHF 65.76
3,374200301/03/200428/02/2013USD 19.53221200608/12/200808/12/2016CHF 67.63
3,371200301/03/200528/02/2013USD 19.537,105200701/03/200828/02/2017CHF 67.00
3,371200301/03/200628/02/2013USD 19.537,105200701/03/200928/02/2017CHF 67.00
6,200200401/03/200527/02/2014CHF 44.327,103200701/03/201028/02/2017CHF 67.00
4,262200427/02/200627/02/2014CHF 44.32223200702/03/200902/03/2017CHF 67.08
6,198200401/03/200627/02/2014CHF 44.3242,628200801/03/201128/02/2018CHF 35.66
6,195200401/03/200727/02/2014CHF 44.3290,000200901/03/201227/02/2019CHF 11.35
                                                
10,659200501/03/200628/02/2015CHF 47.58

2010

205,470

809200231/01/200331/01/2012CHF 36.49
10,657200501/03/200728/02/2015CHF 47.58784200231/01/200431/01/2012CHF 36.49
10,654200501/03/200828/02/2015CHF 47.58784200231/01/200531/01/2012CHF 36.49
21,316200601/03/200728/02/2016CHF 65.974,972200401/03/200727/02/2014CHF 44.32
21,314200601/03/200828/02/2016CHF 65.977,106200501/03/200628/02/2015CHF 47.58
21,311200601/03/200928/02/2016CHF 65.977,103200501/03/200728/02/2015CHF 47.58
8,881200701/03/200828/02/2017CHF 67.007,103200501/03/200828/02/2015CHF 47.58
8,880200701/03/200928/02/2017CHF 67.0093200504/03/200704/03/2015CHF 47.89
8,880200701/03/201028/02/2017CHF 67.00161200506/06/200706/06/2015CHF 45.97
42,628200801/03/201128/02/2018CHF 32.45149200509/09/200709/09/2015CHF 50.47
350,000200901/03/201227/02/2019CHF 11.35127200505/12/200705/12/2015CHF 59.03
          
      
 Jürg Zeltner, CEO UBS Wealth Management and co-CEO Wealth Management & Swiss BankSergio P. Ermotti, Group Chief Executive Officer 
7,106200601/03/200728/02/2016CHF 65.97
7,103200601/03/200828/02/2016CHF 65.97
2011205,470809200231/01/200331/01/2012CHF 36.497,103200601/03/200928/02/2016CHF 65.97
784200231/01/200431/01/2012CHF 36.49110200603/03/200803/03/2016CHF 65.91
784200231/01/200531/01/2012CHF 36.49242200609/06/200809/06/2016CHF 61.84
4,972200401/03/200727/02/2014CHF 44.32230200608/09/200808/09/2016CHF 65.76
7,106200501/03/200628/02/2015CHF 47.58221200608/12/200808/12/2016CHF 67.63
7,103200501/03/200728/02/2015CHF 47.587,105200701/03/200828/02/2017CHF 67.00
7,103200501/03/200828/02/2015CHF 47.587,105200701/03/200928/02/2017CHF 67.00
93200504/03/200704/03/2015CHF 47.897,103200701/03/201028/02/2017CHF 67.00
161200506/06/200706/06/2015CHF 45.97223200702/03/200902/03/2017CHF 67.08
149200509/09/200709/09/2015CHF 50.4742,628200801/03/201128/02/2018CHF 35.66
127200505/12/200705/12/2015CHF 59.0390,000200801/03/201227/02/2019CHF 11.35Philip J. Lofts, Group Chief Risk Officer (continued)  
                                                        
20120117,090200501.03.200828.02.2015CHF 52.32
  
20110117,227200601.03.200928.02.2016CHF 72.57
85,256200701.03.201028.02.2017CHF 73.67
Markus U. Diethelm, Group General Counsel74 599200801.03.201128.02.2018CHF 35.66
201202011577,72311,445200231.01.200331.01.2012CHF 36.49
2011011,104200231.01.200431.01.2012CHF 36.49
11,098200231.01.200531.01.2012CHF 36.49
John A. Fraser, Chairman and CEO Global Asset Management1,240200228.02.200328.02.2012CHF 36.65
2012884,531127,884200331.01.200631.01.2013USD 22.535,464200228.02.200428.02.2012CHF 36.65
170,512200401.03.200727.02.2014USD 38.131,199200228.02.200528.02.2012CHF 36.65
202,483200501.03.200828.02.2015USD 44.819,985200301.03.200431.01.2013CHF 27.81
213,140200601.03.200928.02.2016CHF 72.579,980200301.03.200531.01.2013CHF 27.81
170,512200701.03.201028.02.2017CHF 73.679,974200301.03.200631.01.2013CHF 27.81
20111,088,79576,380200231.01.200531.01.2012USD 21.241,833200301.03.200428.02.2013CHF 26.39
127,884200228.06.200528.06.2012CHF 37.901,830200301.03.200528.02.2013CHF 26.39
127,884200331.01.200631.01.2013USD 22.531,830200301.03.200628.02.2013CHF 26.39
170,512200401.03.200727.02.2014USD 38.1335,524200401.03.200527.02.2014CHF 44.32
202,483200501.03.200828.02.2015USD 44.8135,524200401.03.200627.02.2014CHF 44.32
213,140200601.03.200928.02.2016CHF 72.5735,521200401.03.200727.02.2014CHF 44.32
170,512200701.03.201028.02.2017CHF 73.67117,090200501.03.200828.02.2015CHF 52.32
117,227200601.03.200928.02.2016CHF 72.57
Lukas Gähwiler, CEO UBS Switzerland and CEO Retail & Corporate85,256200701.03.201028.02.2017CHF 73.67
2012074,599200801.03.201128.02.2018CHF 35.66
20110
Carsten Kengeter, former co-CEO Investment Bank4

Robert J. McCann, CEO Group Americas and

CEO Wealth Management Americas

201220120
2011905,000905,000200901.03.201227.12.2019CHF 40.0020110

Ulrich Körner, Group Chief Operating Officer,

Tom Naratil, Group Chief Financial Officer

CEO Corporate Center and CEO Group EMEA2012935,29163,942200331.01.200631.01.2013USD 22.53
201204,262200328.02.200528.02.2013USD 19.53
20110145,962200401.03.200727.02.2014USD 38.13
166,010200501.03.200828.02.2015USD 44.81
Philip J. Lofts, Group Chief Risk Officer142,198200601.03.200928.02.2016CHF 72.57
2012536,1739,985200301.03.200431.01.2013CHF 27.81131,277200701.03.201028.02.2017CHF 73.67
9,980200301.03.200531.01.2013CHF 27.81181,640200801.03.201128.02.2018CHF 35.66
9,974200301.03.200631.01.2013CHF 27.81100,000200901.03.201227.02.2019CHF 11.35
1,833200301.03.200428.02.2013CHF 26.3920111,046,12235,524200231.01.200331.01.2012USD 21.24
1,830200301.03.200528.02.2013CHF 26.3935,524200231.01.200431.01.2012USD 21.24
1,830200301.03.200628.02.2013CHF 26.3935,521200231.01.200531.01.2012USD 21.24
35,524200401.03.200527.02.2014CHF 44.324,262200229.02.200428.02.2012USD 21.70
35,524200401.03.200627.02.2014CHF 44.3263,942200331.01.200631.01.2013USD 22.53
35,521200401.03.200727.02.2014CHF 44.324,262200328.02.200528.02.2013USD 19.53

1  This table includes all options of GEB members, including related parties.  2  No conversion rights are outstanding.  3  Refer to “Note 31 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  4  GEB member who stepped down during 2012.

1 This table includes all options of GEB members, including related parties.  2.   No conversion rights are outstanding.  3  Refer to “Note 30 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial information “section of this report for more information.  4  GEB members who stepped down during 2011.

 

 277309


Advisory Votevote

Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

Compensation

Vested and unvested options of GEB members on 31 December 2011 / 20121 (continued)

LOGO

 For the year   
 

 
 

Total
number

of
options2

  
 

  
  

   

 
 

Number

of
options3

 

  
  

   

 
 

Year

of
grant

 

  
  

   

 

Vesting

date

  

  

   

 

Expiry

date

  

  

   
 
Strike
price
  
  
     For the year   
 

 
 

Total
number

of
options

  
 

  
2 

  

 
 

Number

of
options3

 

  
  

   

 
 

Year

of
grant

 

  
  

   
 
Vesting
date
  
  
   

 

Expiry

date

  

  

   Strike price  
     
 Tom Naratil, Group Chief Financial Officer (continued)      Chi-Won Yoon, CEO Group Asia Pacific (continued)  
      145,962     2004     01.03.2007     27.02.2014     USD 38.13      2011   623,253    11,577     2002     31.01.2002     31.01.2012     USD 21.24  
      166,010     2005     01.03.2008     28.02.2015     USD 44.81          11,229     2002     31.01.2004     31.01.2012     USD 21.24  
      142,198     2006     01.03.2009     28.02.2016     CHF 72.57          11,227     2002     31.01.2005     31.01.2012     USD 21.24  
      131,277     2007     01.03.2010     28.02.2017     CHF 73.67          2,252     2002     28.02.2002     28.02.2012     USD 21.70  
      181,640     2008     01.03.2011     28.02.2018     CHF 35.66          6,446     2002     29.02.2004     28.02.2012     USD 21.70  
      100,000     2009     01.03.2012     27.02.2019     CHF 11.35          2,184     2002     28.02.2005     28.02.2012     USD 21.70  
 Andrea Orcel, CEO Investment Bank          8,648     2003     01.03.2004     31.01.2013     USD 20.49  
 2012   0                                   8,642     2003     01.03.2005     31.01.2013     USD 20.49  
 2011   —                      8,635     2003     01.03.2006     31.01.2013     USD 20.49  
 Alexander Wilmot-Sitwell, former co-Chairman and co-CEO Group Asia Pacific4          4,262     2003     28.02.2005     28.02.2013     USD 19.53  
 2012   —                                     3,374     2003     01.03.2004     28.02.2013     USD 19.53  
 2011   353,807     53,282     2005     01.03.2008     28.02.2015     CHF 47.58          3,371     2003     01.03.2005     28.02.2013     USD 19.53  
      2,130     2005     04.03.2007     04.03.2015     CHF 47.89          3,371     2003     01.03.2006     28.02.2013     USD 19.53  
      35,524     2006     01.03.2007     28.02.2016     CHF 65.97          6,200     2004     01.03.2005     27.02.2014     CHF 44.32  
      35,524     2006     01.03.2008     28.02.2016     CHF 65.97          4,262     2004     27.02.2006     27.02.2014     CHF 44.32  
      35,521     2006     01.03.2009     28.02.2016     CHF 65.97          6,198     2004     01.03.2006     27.02.2014     CHF 44.32  
      106,570     2007     01.03.2010     28.02.2017     CHF 73.67          6,195     2004     01.03.2007     27.02.2014     CHF 44.32  
      85,256     2008     01.03.2011     28.02.2018     CHF 35.66          10,659     2005     01.03.2006     28.02.2015     CHF 47.58  
 Chi-Won Yoon, CEO Group Asia Pacific          10,657     2005     01.03.2007     28.02.2015     CHF 47.58  
 2012   578,338     8,648     2003     01.03.2004     31.01.2013     USD 20.49          10,654     2005     01.03.2008     28.02.2015     CHF 47.58  
      8,642     2003     01.03.2005     31.01.2013     USD 20.49          21,316     2006     01.03.2007     28.02.2016     CHF 65.97  
      8,635     2003     01.03.2006     31.01.2013     USD 20.49          21,314     2006     01.03.2008     28.02.2016     CHF 65.97  
      4,262     2003     28.02.2005     28.02.2013     USD 19.53          21,311     2006     01.03.2009     28.02.2016     CHF 65.97  
      3,374     2003     01.03.2004     28.02.2013     USD 19.53          8,881     2007     01.03.2008     28.02.2017     CHF 67.00  
      3,371     2003     01.03.2005     28.02.2013     USD 19.53          8,880     2007     01.03.2009     28.02.2017     CHF 67.00  
      3,371     2003     01.03.2006     28.02.2013     USD 19.53          8,880     2007     01.03.2010     28.02.2017     CHF 67.00  
      6,200     2004     01.03.2005     27.02.2014     CHF 44.32          42,628     2008     01.03.2011     28.02.2018     CHF 32.45  
      4,262     2004     27.02.2006     27.02.2014     CHF 44.32              350,000     2009     01.03.2012     27.02.2019     CHF 11.35  
      6,198     2004     01.03.2006     27.02.2014     CHF 44.32      Jürg Zeltner, CEO UBS Wealth Management  
      6,195     2004     01.03.2007     27.02.2014     CHF 44.32      2012   203,093    4,972     2004     01.03.2007     27.02.2014     CHF 44.32  
      10,659     2005     01.03.2006     28.02.2015     CHF 47.58          7,106     2005     01.03.2006     28.02.2015     CHF 47.58  
      10,657     2005     01.03.2007     28.02.2015     CHF 47.58          7,103     2005     01.03.2007     28.02.2015     CHF 47.58  
      10,654     2005     01.03.2008     28.02.2015     CHF 47.58          7,103     2005     01.03.2008     28.02.2015     CHF 47.58  
      21,316     2006     01.03.2007     28.02.2016     CHF 65.97          93     2005     04.03.2007     04.03.2015     CHF 47.89  
      21,314     2006     01.03.2008     28.02.2016     CHF 65.97          161     2005     06.06.2007     06.06.2015     CHF 45.97  
      21,311     2006     01.03.2009     28.02.2016     CHF 65.97          149     2005     09.09.2007     09.09.2015     CHF 50.47  
      8,881     2007     01.03.2008     28.02.2017     CHF 67.00          127     2005     05.12.2007     05.12.2015     CHF 59.03  
      8,880     2007     01.03.2009     28.02.2017     CHF 67.00          7,106     2006     01.03.2007     28.02.2016     CHF 65.97  
      8,880     2007     01.03.2010     28.02.2017     CHF 67.00          7,103     2006     01.03.2008     28.02.2016     CHF 65.97  
      42,628     2008     01.03.2011     28.02.2018     CHF 32.45          7,103     2006     01.03.2009     28.02.2016     CHF 65.97  
      350,000     2009     01.03.2012     27.02.2019     CHF 11.35          110     2006     03.03.2008     03.03.2016     CHF 65.91  
                     242     2006     09.06.2008     09.06.2016     CHF 61.84  
                     230     2006     08.09.2008     08.09.2016     CHF 65.76  
                                                                   
 

1  This table includes all options of GEB members, including related parties.  2  No conversion rights are outstanding.  3  Refer to “Note 31 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  4  GEB member who stepped down during 2012.

   

310


Corporate governance, responsibility

and compensation

LOGO 

Vested and unvested options of GEB members on 31 December 2011 / 20121 (continued)

 

  

 For the year   
 
 
Total
number of
options
  
  
2 
  
 
 
Number
of
options
  
  
3 
  
 
Year of
grant
  
  
   
 
Vesting
date
  
  
   

 

Expiry

date

  

  

   
 
Strike
price
  
  
    For the
year
   
 
 
Total
Number of
options
  
  
2 
  
 
Number of
options
  
3 
  
 
Year of
grant
  
  
   
 
Vesting
date
  
  
   

 

Expiry

date

  

  

   
 
Strike
price
  
  
                                                             
     
 Jürg Zeltner, CEO UBS Wealth Management (continued)      Jürg Zeltner, CEO UBS Wealth Management (continued)  
     221    2006     08.12.2008     08.12.2016     CHF 67.63          149    2005     09.09.2007     09.09.2015     CHF 50.47  
                                                       
     7,105    2007     01.03.2008     28.02.2017     CHF 67.00          127    2005     05.12.2007     05.12.2015     CHF 59.03  
                                                       
     7,105    2007     01.03.2009     28.02.2017     CHF 67.00          7,106    2006     01.03.2007     28.02.2016     CHF 65.97  
                                                       
     7,103    2007     01.03.2010     28.02.2017     CHF 67.00          7,103    2006     01.03.2008     28.02.2016     CHF 65.97  
                                                       
     223    2007     02.03.2009     02.03.2017     CHF 67.08          7,103    2006     01.03.2009     28.02.2016     CHF 65.97  
                                                       
     42,628    2008     01.03.2011     28.02.2018     CHF 35.66          110    2006     03.03.2008     03.03.2016     CHF 65.91  
                                                       
     90,000    2009     01.03.2012     27.02.2019     CHF 11.35          242    2006     09.06.2008     09.06.2016     CHF 61.84  
                                                       
 2011   205,470    809    2002     31.01.2003     31.01.2012     CHF 36.49          230    2006     08.09.2008     08.09.2016     CHF 65.76  
                                                       
     784    2002     31.01.2004     31.01.2012     CHF 36.49          221    2006     08.12.2008     08.12.2016     CHF 67.63  
                                                       
     784    2002     31.01.2005     31.01.2012     CHF 36.49          7,105    2007     01.03.2008     28.02.2017     CHF 67.00  
                                                       
     4,972    2004     01.03.2007     27.02.2014     CHF 44.32          7,105    2007     01.03.2009     28.02.2017     CHF 67.00  
                                                       
     7,106    2005     01.03.2006     28.02.2015     CHF 47.58          7,103    2007     01.03.2010     28.02.2017     CHF 67.00  
                                                       
     7,103    2005     01.03.2007     28.02.2015     CHF 47.58          223    2007     02.03.2009     02.03.2017     CHF 67.08  
                                                       
     7,103    2005     01.03.2008     28.02.2015     CHF 47.58          42,628    2008     01.03.2011     28.02.2018     CHF 35.66  
                                                       
     93    2005     04.03.2007     04.03.2015     CHF 47.89          90,000    2009     01.03.2012     27.02.2019     CHF 11.35  
                                                       
     161    2005     06.06.2007     06.06.2015     CHF 45.97                
                                                                 

1 This table includes all options of GEB members, including related parties.  2  No conversion rights are outstanding.  3  Refer to “Note 31 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.

   

311


Advisory vote

Corporate governance, responsibility and compensation

Compensation

 

 

LOGO Loans granted to GEB members on 31 December 2010/20111 
 CHF, except where indicated3          
 Name, function  For the year   Loans2 
 Jürg Zeltner, CEO UBS Wealth Management, co-CEO of Wealth Management & Swiss Bank3   2011     5,387,500  
            
 Jürg Zeltner, CEO UBS Wealth Management, co-CEO of Wealth Management & Swiss Bank3   2010     5,739,862  
            
 Aggregate of all GEB members   2011     17,539,6014 
           
    2010     20,696,569  
            
 

1  No loans have been granted to related parties of the GEB members at conditions not customary in the market.  2  All loans granted are secured loans, except for CHF 45,435 in 2011.  3  GEB member with the highest loan granted.  4  Includes a loan of CHF 3.3 million that will be forgiven in three equal installments over the next three years, subject to the GEB member’s continued full-time employment with UBS and his performance being satisfactory and commensurate with his responsibilities.

    
LOGO Loans granted to GEB members on 31 December 2011 / 20121 
 CHF, except where indicated          
 Name, function  For the year   Loans2 
 Markus U. Diethelm, Group General Counsel3   2012     5,564,012  
            
 Jürg Zeltner, CEO UBS Wealth Management3   2011     5,387,500  
 Aggregate of all GEB members   2012     18,862,820  
           
    2011     17,539,6014 
            
 

1  No loans have been granted to related parties of the GEB members at conditions not customary in the market.  2  All loans granted are secured loans, except for CHF 311,308 in 2012 and CHF 45,435 in 2011.  3  GEB member with the highest loan granted.  4  Includes a forgivable loan of CHF 3.3 million, subject to the GEB member’s continued full-time employment with UBS and a performance satisfactory and commensurate with his responsibilities. The loan was fully repaid in 2012, as the GEB member stepped down during the year.

    

 

LOGO Loans granted to BoD members on 31 December 2010/20111 
 CHF, except where indicated3          
 Name, function  For the year   Loans2 
 Kaspar Villiger, Chairman   2011     0  
           
    2010     0  
            
 Michel Demaré, Vice Chairman   2011     850,000  
           
    2010     850,000  
            
 David Sidwell, Senior Independent Director   2011     0  
           
    2010     0  
            
 Sally Bott, former member3   2011     —    
           
    2010     0  
            
 Rainer-Marc Frey, member   2011     0  
           
    2010     0  
            
 Bruno Gehrig, member4   2011     798,000  
           
    2010     798,000  
            
 Ann F. Godbehere, member   2011     0  
           
    2010     0  
            
 Axel P. Lehmann, member   2011     0  
           
    2010     0  
            
 Wolfgang Mayrhuber, member   2011     0  
           
    2010     0  
            
 Helmut Panke, member   2011     0  
           
    2010     0  
            
 William G. Parrett, member   2011     0  
           
    2010     0  
            
 Joseph Yam, member   2011     0  
           
    2010     —    
            
 Aggregate of all BoD members   2011     1,648,000  
           
    2010     1,648,000  
            
 

1  No loans have been granted to related parties of the BoD members at conditions not customary in the market.  2  All loans granted are secured loans.
3  Sally Bott stepped down on 11 February 2011 as BoD member.  4  Secured loan granted prior to his election to the BoD.

   
LOGO Loans granted to BoD members on 31 December 2011 / 20121 
 CHF, except where indicateda          
 Name, function  For the year   Loans2 
 Axel A. Weber, Chairman3   2012     0  
           
    2011     —    
            
 Kaspar Villiger, former Chairman4   2012     —    
           
    2011     0  
            
 Michel Demaré, Vice Chairman   2012     500,000  
           
    2011     850,000  
            
 David Sidwell, Senior Independent Director   2012     0  
           
    2011     0  
            
 Rainer-Marc Frey, member   2012     0  
           
    2011     0  
            
 Bruno Gehrig, former member4,5   2012     —    
           
    2011     798,000  
            
 Ann F. Godbehere, member   2012     0  
           
    2011     0  
            
 Axel P. Lehmann, member   2012     0  
           
    2011     0  
            
 Wolfgang Mayrhuber, member   2012     0  
           
    2011     0  
            
 Helmut Panke, member   2012     0  
           
    2011     0  
            
 William G. Parrett, member   2012     0  
           
    2011     0  
            
 Isabelle Romy, member3   2012     0  
           
    2011     —    
            
 Beatrice Weder di Mauro, member3   2012     0  
           
    2011     —    
            
 Joseph Yam, member   2012     0  
           
    2011     0  
            
 Aggregate of all BoD members   2012     500,000  
           
    2011     1,648,000  
            
 

1  No loans have been granted to related parties of the BoD members at conditions not customary in the market.  2  All loans granted are secured loans.  3  Axel A. Weber, Isabelle Romy and Beatrice Weder di Mauro were appointed at the AGM on 3 May 2012.  4  Kaspar Villiger and Bruno Gehrig did not stand for reelection at the AGM on 3 May 2012.  5  Secured loan granted prior to his election to the BoD.

    

312


Financial information

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Financial information

 

Table of contents

 

000000
 282   Introduction and accounting principles
 283   Update on internal control over financial reporting
 284   Consolidated financial statements
 284   Management’s report on internal control over financial reporting
 285   Report of independent registered public accounting firm on internal control over financial reporting
 287   Report of the statutory auditor and the independent registered public accounting firm on the consolidated financial statements
 289   Income statement
 290   Statement of comprehensive income
 291   Balance sheet
 292   Statement of changes in equity
 295   Statement of cash flows
 297   Notes to the consolidated financial statements
 297   1 Summary of significant accounting policies
 319   2a Segment reporting
 323   2b Segment reporting by geographic location
 324   Income statement notes
 324   3 Net interest and trading income
 325   4 Net fee and commission income
 326   5 Other income
 327   6 Personnel expenses
 327   7 General and administrative expenses
 328   8 Earnings per share (EPS) and shares outstanding
 329   Balance sheet notes: assets
 329   9a Due from banks and loans (held at amortized cost)
 330   9b Allowances and provisions for credit losses
 330   10 Cash collateral on securities borrowed and lent, reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements, and derivative instruments
 331   11 Trading portfolio
 333   12 Financial assets designated at fair value
 334   13 Financial investments available-for-sale
 335   14 Investments in associates
 335   15 Property and equipment
 336   16 Goodwill and intangible assets
 338   17 Other assets
 316   Introduction and accounting principles
 317   Consolidated financial statements
 317   Management’s report on internal control over financial reporting
 319   Report of independent registered public accounting firm on internal control over financial reporting
 321   Report of the statutory auditor and the independent registered public accounting firm on the consolidated financial statements
 323   Income statement
 324   Statement of comprehensive income
 325   Balance sheet
 326   Statement of changes in equity
 329   Statement of cash flows
 331   Notes to the consolidated financial statements
 331   1 Summary of significant accounting policies
 352   2a Segment reporting
 356   2b Segment reporting by geographic location
 357   Income statement notes
 357   3 Net interest and trading income
 358   4 Net fee and commission income
 359   5 Other income
 360   6 Personnel expenses
 360   7 General and administrative expenses
 361   8 Earnings per share (EPS) and shares outstanding
 362   Balance sheet notes: assets
 362   9 Due from banks and loans (held at amortized cost)
 362   10 Cash collateral on securities borrowed and lent, reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements, and derivative instruments
 363   11 Allowances and provisions for credit losses
 364   12 Trading portfolio
 366   13 Financial assets designated at fair value
 367   14 Financial investments available-for-sale
 368   15 Investments in associates
 368   16 Property and equipment
 369   17 Goodwill and intangible assets
 371   18 Other assets

 

 

 

000000
 339   Balance sheet notes: liabilities
 339   18 Due to banks and customers
 339   19 Financial liabilities designated at fair value and debt issued held at amortized cost
 341   20 Other liabilities
 341   21 Provisions and contingent liabilities
 349   22 Income taxes
 351   23 Derivative instruments and hedge accounting
 358   Off-balance-sheet information
 358   24 Pledgeable off-balance-sheet securities
 358   25 Operating lease commitments
 359   Additional information
 359   26 Fair value of financial instruments
 369   27 Pledged assets and transferred financial assets which do not qualify for derecognition
 370   28 Measurement categories of financial assets and financial liabilities
 375   29 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans
 381   30 Equity participation and other compensation plans
 391   31 Related parties
 393   32 Events after the reporting period
 394   33 Significant subsidiaries and associates
 397   34 Invested assets and net new money
 398   35 Business combinations
 398   36 Discontinued operations
 399   37 Reorganizations and disposals
 399   38 Currency translation rates
 400   39 Swiss banking law requirements
 402   40 Supplemental guarantor information required under SEC rules
 372   Balance sheet notes: liabilities
 372   19 Due to banks and customers
 372   20 Financial liabilities designated at fair value
 373   21 Debt issued held at amortized cost
 374   22 Other liabilities
 375   23 Provisions and contingent liabilities
 385   Additional information
 385   24 Income taxes
 387   25 Derivative instruments and hedge accounting
 395   26 Operating lease commitments
 396   27 Fair value of financial instruments
 407   28 Pledged and transferred assets
 411   29 Measurement categories of financial assets and financial liabilities
 416   30 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans
 428   31 Equity participation and other compensation plans
 438   32 Related parties
 440   33 Events after the reporting period
 441   34 Significant subsidiaries and associates
 443   35 Invested assets and net new money
 444   36 Business combinations
 444   37 Changes in organization
 445   38 Currency translation rates
 445   39 Swiss banking law requirements
 447   40 Supplemental guarantor information required
  under SEC rules
 

Financial information

 

000000
 411   UBS AG (Parent Bank)
 411   Parent Bank review
 414   Parent Bank financial statements
 414   Income statement
 415   Balance sheet
 416   Statement of appropriation of retained earnings
 417   Notes to the Parent Bank financial statements
 417   1 Business activities, risk assessment, outsourcing and personnel
 417   2 Accounting policies
 420   Additional income statement information
 420   3 Net trading income
 420   4 Extraordinary income and expenses
 421   Additional balance sheet information
 421   5 Other assets and other liabilities
 421   6 Assets pledged or assigned as security for own obligations and assets subject to reservation title
 421   7 Due to UBS pension plans
 422   8 Allowances and provisions
 422   9 Statement of shareholders’ equity
 423   10 Share capital and significant shareholders
 424   11 Transactions with related parties
 425   Off-balance-sheet and other information
 425   12 Commitments and contingent liabilities
 425   13 Derivative instruments
 425   14 Fiduciary transactions
 426   Compensation of the members of the Board of Directors and the Group Executive Board
 426   Total compensation for all GEB members
 427   Share and option ownership / entitlements of GEB members on 31 December 2010 / 2011
 428   Compensation details and additional information for non-independent BoD members
 428   Remuneration details and additional information for independent BoD members
 429   Total payments to BoD members
 429   Number of shares of BoD members on 31 December 2010/2011
 430   Compensation paid to former BoD and GEB members
 430   Total of all vested and unvested shares of GEB members
 430   Total of all blocked and unblocked shares of BoD members
 431   Vested and unvested options of GEB members on 31 December 2010/ 2011
 434   Loans granted to GEB members on 31 December 2010/2011
 434   Loans granted to BoD members on 31 December 2010/2011
            
 457   UBS AG (Parent Bank)
 457   Parent Bank review
 460   Parent Bank financial statements
 460   Income statement
 461   Balance sheet
 462   Statement of appropriation of retained earnings
 463   Notes to the Parent Bank financial statements
 463   1 Business activities, risk assessment, outsourcing and personnel
 463   2 Accounting policies
 466   Additional income statement information
 466   3 Net trading income
 466   4 Extraordinary income and expenses
 467   Additional balance sheet information
 467   5 Other assets and other liabilities
 467   6 Pledged assets
 468   7 Swiss pension plan and International defined benefit plans
 469   8 Allowances and provisions
 470   9 Statement of shareholders’ equity
 470   10 Share capital and significant shareholders
 471   11 Transactions with related parties
 472   Off-balance sheet and other information
 472   12 Commitments and contingent liabilities
 472   13 Derivative instruments
 473   14 Fiduciary transactions
 474   Compensation of the members of the Board of Directors and the Group Executive Board
 474   Total compensation for all GEB members
 475   Share and option ownership/entitlements of GEB members on 31 December 2011 / 2012
 476   Compensation details and additional information for non-independent BoD members
 476   Remuneration details and additional information for independent BoD members
 477   Total payments to BoD members
 477   Number of shares of BoD members on 31 December 2011 / 2012
 478   Compensation paid to former BoD and GEB members
 478   Total of all vested and unvested shares of GEB members
 478   Total of all blocked and unblocked shares of BoD members
 479   Vested and unvested options of GEB members on 31 December 2011 / 2012
 482   Loans granted to GEB members on 31 December 2011 / 2012
 482   Loans granted to BoD members on 31 December 2011 / 2012
000000
 435   Report of the statutory auditor on the financial statements
 437   Confirmation of the auditors concerning conditional capital increase
 439   Additional disclosure required under SEC regulations
 439   A – Introduction
 440   B – Selected financial data
 441   Key figures
 442   Income statement data
 443   Balance sheet data
 443   Ratio of earnings to fixed charges
 444   C – Information on the company
 444   Property, plant and equipment
 445   D – Information required by industry guide 3
 445   Selected statistical information
 446   Average balances and interest rates
 448   Analysis of changes in interest income and expense
 450   Deposits
 451   Short-term borrowings
 451   Contractual maturities of investments in debt instruments available-for-sale
 452   Due from banks and loans (gross)
 453   Due from banks and loan maturities (gross)
 454   Impaired and non-performing loans
 455   Cross-border outstandings
 456   Summary of movements in allowances and provisions for credit losses
 457   Allocation of the allowances and provisions for credit losses
 458   Due from banks and loans by industry sector (gross)
 459   Loss history statistics
483Report of the statutory auditor on the financial statements
485Confirmation of the auditors concerning conditional capital increase
487Additional disclosure required under SEC regulations
487A – Introduction
488B – Selected financial data
489Key figures
490Income statement data
491Balance sheet data
491Ratio of earnings to fixed charges
492C – Information on the company
492Property, plant and equipment
493D – Information required by industry guide 3
493Selected statistical information
494Average balances and interest rates
496Analysis of changes in interest income and expense
498Deposits
499Short-term borrowings
499Contractual maturities of investments in debt instruments available-for-sale
500Due from banks and loans (gross)
501Due from banks and loan maturities (gross)
502Impaired and non-performing loans
503Cross-border outstandings
504Summary of movements in allowances and provisions for credit losses
505Allocation of the allowances and provisions for credit losses
506Due from banks and loans by industry sector (gross)
507Loss history statistics
 

Financial information

 

Introduction and accounting principles

 

The financial information section of UBS’s Annual Report 20112012 comprises: a) the audited consolidated financial statements of UBS Group (the “Financial Statements”) for 2011, 2010 and 2009,2012 prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), b) the audited financial statements of UBS AG the Parent Bank,(Parent Bank) for 2011 and 2010,2012, prepared in order to meet Swiss regulatory requirements and in compliance with Swiss Federal Banking Law, and c) additional disclosures required under SECUS Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regulations.

The basis of accounting of UBS’s Group financial statements is described in Note 1 to the financial statements. Except where otherwise explicitly stated in these financial statements, all financial information is in Swiss francs (CHF) and presented on a consolidated basis under IFRS, and all references to “UBS” refer to the UBS Group and not to the Parent Bank. UBS AG the Swiss Parent Bank, includes(Parent Bank) is incorporated in Switzerland, has branches worldwide and owns all the UBS Group companies, directly or indirectly. All references to 2012, 2011 2010 and 20092010 refer to the fiscal years ended 31 December 2012, 2011 2010 and 2009,2010, respectively. The financial statements for the UBS Group and the Parent Bank have been audited by Ernst & Young Ltd.

 

Financial information

 

Update on internal control over financial reporting

Requirement to assess internal control over financial reporting

As a US-listed company, UBS is required under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act to evaluate the effectiveness of its “internal control over financial reporting” on an annual basis. Management is required to determine, as of the end of each fiscal year, whether UBS’s internal control over financial reporting was effective or whether there was a material weakness in such controls. A material weakness is a deficiency or combination of deficiencies in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of a registrant’s financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Further information concerning the purpose, scope and inherent limitations of internal controls over financial reporting is included in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting on the next page.

Evaluation following discovery of unauthorized trading

Following the discovery in September 2011 of unauthorized and fictitious trading in our Global Synthetic Equity business unit in London, management determined that certain controls designed to prevent or detect the use of unauthorized and fictitious transactions on a timely basis were not operating effectively, and had not been operating effectively as of 31 December 2010. Specifically (i) the control requiring bilateral confirmation with counter-parties of trades within our Investment Bank’s equities business with settlement dates of greater than 15 days after trade date was not operating, and when such trades were cancelled, re-booked or amended, the related monitoring control to ensure the validity of these changes ceased to operate effectively, and (ii) the controls in the inter-desk reconciliation process within the Investment Bank’s equities and fixed income, currencies and commodities businesses to ensure that internal transactions are valid and accurately recorded in our books and records, including controls over cancellations and amendments of internal trades that require supervisor review, intervention and resolution, did not operate effectively. The controls described in clauses (i) and (ii) are referred to below as the “Confirmation and Reconciliation Controls”. Management at the same time confirmed that the financial effect of the unauthorized trading activity was fully reflected in UBS’s third quarter 2011 financial report, and reconfirmed the reliability of the consolidated financial statements included in UBS’s 2010 Annual Report.

Evaluation as of 31 December 2011

UBS management has assessed the effectiveness of UBS’s internal control over financial reporting as of 31 December 2011. Based on the remedial work conducted during the fourth quarter of 2011, management confirmed that the Confirmation and Reconciliation Controls had been designed effectively and were in operation on 31 December 2011. While significant progress had been made, management recognized that, particularly given the relatively brief period since the unauthorized trading incident was discovered, a longer period of operational testing and further refinement would be necessary before it could conclude that the Confirmation and Reconciliation Controls were operating effectively. Based on this assessment, management concluded that the remediation of the material weakness in UBS’s internal control over financial reporting was not yet complete, and accordingly assessed UBS’s internal control over financial reporting as ineffective, as of 31 December 2011. Notwithstanding the foregoing, we have determined that UBS’s consolidated financial statements included in this report fairly present, in all material respects, our financial position on 31 December 2009, 2010 and 2011 and our results of operations and cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with IFRS.

Remediation of identified control deficiencies

As soon as we identified the control deficiencies referred to above, we initiated work to remediate them. The confirmation control and the monitoring control over the validity of changes to trades have been reactivated and refined, and we are extensively modifying our front-to-back control process with a view to ensuring that the transactions identified by the inter-desk reconciliation process referred to above are effectively reviewed, investigated and resolved on a timely basis. We have also developed new monitoring reports and processes as part of a broader program we have initiated to strengthen the effectiveness of supervisory oversight. The confirmation control and the monitoring control over the validity of changes to trades were placed into operation in the fourth quarter of 2011, and their operational effectiveness has been tested for each month from November 2011 through February 2012. Before we confirm that the Confirmation and Reconciliation Controls are effective, we will perform additional testing of their operational effectiveness, and further refine them as appropriate.

In view of the progress that has been made through the date of this report, management believes that in the near future it will be able to determine that the Confirmation and Reconciliation Controls are operating effectively. Any such determination in the near future would be made on an interim basis, as management’s required annual assessment for 2012 will be made only after the end of the year. In addition, our auditor, Ernst & Young Ltd, will audit our internal controls over financial reporting as of 31 December 2012.

Financial information

Consolidated financial statements

Consolidated financial statements

 

Management’s Reportreport on Internal Controlinternal control over Financial Reportingfinancial reporting

Management’s responsibility for internal control over financial reporting

The Board of Directors reviews and approves the consolidated financial statements prepared by management in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The Board of Directors and management of UBS are also responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. UBS’s internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)IFRS as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).Board.

UBS’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:

 

Pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect transactions and dispositions of assets;

 

Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation and fair presentation of financial statements, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of UBS management; and

 

Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Management is required to determine, as of the end of each fiscal year, whether UBS’s internal control over financial reporting was effective or whether there was a material weakness in such controls. A material weakness is a deficiency or combination of deficiencies in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of a registrant’s financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

Management’s assessment of internal control over financial reporting at 31 December 20112012

Following the discovery in September 2011 of unauthorized and fictitious trading in our Global Synthetic Equity business unit in London, management determined and reported that there was a material weakness in UBS’s internal control over financial reporting as certain controls designed to prevent or detect the use of unauthorized and fictitious transactions on a timely basis were not operating effectively.effectively, and had not been operating effectively as of 31 December 2010. Specifically (i) the control requiring bilateral confirmation with counter-partiescounterparties of trades within our Investment Bank’s equities business with settlement dates of greater than 15 days after trade date was not operating, and when such trades were cancelled, re-bookedrebooked or amended, the related monitoring control to ensure the validity of these changes ceased to operate effectively, and (ii) the controls in the inter-desk reconciliation process within the Investment Bank’s equities and fixed income, currencies and commodities businesses to ensure that internal transactions are valid and accurately recorded in our books and records, including controls over cancellations and amendments of internal trades that require supervisor review, intervention and resolution, did not operate effectively. In its assessment of internal control over financial reporting as of 31 December 2011, contained in the Annual Report 2011, management concluded that, while significant progress had been made, given the relatively brief period since the unauthorized trading incident was discovered, a longer period of operational testing and further refinement would be necessary before it could conclude that the confirmation and reconciliation controls referred to above were operating effectively. Based on this assessment, management assessed UBS’s internal control over financial reporting as ineffective as of 31 December 2011.

Remediation of identified control deficiencies

As soon as the control deficiencies referred to above were identified, work was initiated to remediate them. The confirmation control and the monitoring control over the validity of changes to trades have been reactivated and refined, and front-to-back control processes have been extensively modified with a view to ensuring, among other things, that the transactions identified by the inter-desk reconciliation process referred to above are effectively reviewed, investigated and resolved on a timely basis. New monitoring reports and processes have also been developed as part of a broader program initiated to strengthen the effectiveness of supervisory oversight. The confirmation control and the monitoring

Financial information

Consolidated financial statements

control over the validity of changes to trades were placed into operation in the fourth quarter of 2011, and their operational effectiveness was tested in the succeeding months. As a result of these measures, management concluded that the confirmation and reconciliation controls referred to above had been fully remediated. This conclusion was communicated in the Group’s first quarter 2012 report issued on 2 May 2012, together with management’s conclusion that the material weakness previously identified in UBS’s internal control over financial reporting had been remediated.

UBS management has assessed the effectiveness of UBS’s internal control over financial reporting as of 31 December 2011 2012

based on the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Based on this assessment, management concludedbelieves that, the remediationas of the material weakness in31 December 2012, UBS’s internal control over financial reporting arising from the control deficiencies noted above was not yet complete, and accordingly assessed UBS’s internal control over financial reporting as ineffective, as of 31 December 2011.effective.

The effectiveness of UBS’s internal control over financial reporting as of 31 December 20112012 has been audited by Ernst & Young Ltd, UBS’s independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report appearing inon pages 285319 to 286 below,320, which consistent with management’s assessment, expressed an adverseunqualified opinion on the effectiveness of UBS’s internal control over financial reporting as of 31 December 2011.2012.

 

Financial information

 

LOGOLOGO  Ernst & Young Ltd
  Aeschengraben 9
P.O. Box
  CH-4002 Basel
   
  Phone     +41 58 286 86 86
  Fax +41 58 286 86 00
  www.ey.com/ch

To the General Meeting of

UBS AG, Zurich and Basel

Basel, 137 March 20122013

Report of independent registered public accounting firm on internal control over financial reporting

We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of UBS AG and its subsidiaries as of 31 December 2011,2012, based on criteria established in internalInternal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). UBS AG’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in Management’s Report on internalInternal Control Over Financial Reporting on page 284.pages 317 and 318. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States of America). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

LOGOLOGO

 

285319

 


Financial information

Consolidated financial statements

 

LOGOLOGO  
  
  
   2        
   
   
  

AIn our opinion, UBS AG and its subsidiaries maintained, in all material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, inrespects, effective internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatementas of 31 December 2012, based on the company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. The following material weakness has been identified and included in management’s assessment. The control requiring bilateral confirmation with counterparties of trades within the Investment Bank’s equities business with settlement dates of greater than 15 days after trade date, was not operating, and when such trades were cancelled, re-booked or amended, the related monitoring control had ceased to operate effectively; and the controls in the inter-desk reconciliation process within the Investment Bank’s equities and fixed income, currencies and commodities businesses to ensure that internal transactions are valid and accurately recorded in the books and records, including controls over cancellations and amendments of internal trades that require supervisor review, intervention and resolution, did not operate effectively.COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with Swiss law, Swiss Auditing Standards, International Standards on Auditing and the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States of America), the consolidated balance sheets of UBS AG and its subsidiaries as of 31 December 20112012 and 2010,2011, and the related consolidated income statements and consolidated statements of comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows and notes thereto for each of the three years in the period ended 31 December 2011. The material weakness described in the preceding paragraph was considered in determining the nature, timing2012 and extentnotes thereto, of audit tests applied in our audit of the 2011 financial statementsUBS AG and this report does not affect our report dated 137 March 2012, which expressed2013 expresses an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.

In our opinion, because of the effect of the material weakness described above on the achievement of the objectives of the control criteria, UBS AG and its subsidiaries have not maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of 31 December 2011, based on the COSO criteria.thereon.

 

Ernst & Young Ltd

 

  

LOGO

LOGOLOGO

  

LOGO

Jonathan Bourne

  

Andreas LoetscherTroy J. Butner

Licensed Audit Expert

  

Licensed Audit ExpertCertified Public Accountant (U.S.)

(Auditor in Charge)

  

 

286320

 


Financial information

 

LOGOLOGO  Ernst & Young Ltd
  Aeschengraben 9
P.O. Box
  CH-4002 Basel
   
  Phone     +41 58 286 86 86
  Fax +41 58 286 86 0041582868600
  www.ey.com/ch

To the General Meeting of

UBS AG, Zurich and Basel

Basel, 137 March 20122013

Report of the statutory auditor and the independent registered public accounting firm on the consolidated financial statements

As statutory auditor, we have audited the consolidated financial statements of UBS AG and its subsidiaries which are comprised of the consolidated balance sheets as of 31 December 20112012 and 2010,2011, and the related consolidated income statements and consolidated statements of comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows, and notes thereto, for each of the three years in the period ended 31 December 20112012 on pages 289323 to 410.456.

Board of Directors’ responsibility

The Board of Directors is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, and the requirements of Swiss law. This responsibility includes designing, implementing and maintaining an internal control system relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. The Board of Directors is further responsible for selecting and applying appropriate accounting policies and making accounting estimates that are reasonable in the circumstances.

Auditor’s responsibility

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with Swiss law, Swiss Auditing Standards, International Standards on Auditing and the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States of America). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance whether the consolidated financial statements are free from material misstatement.

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers the internal control system relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of the accounting policies used

 

LOGOLOGO

 

287321

 


Financial information

Consolidated financial statements

 

LOGOLOGO  
  
  
   2        
   
   
  

and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements.

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.

Opinion

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of UBS AG and its subsidiaries at 31 December 20112012 and 2010,2011, and the consolidated results of operations and the cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended 31 December 20112012 in accordance with IFRS, as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, and comply with Swiss law.

Report on other legal and regulatory requirements

We confirm that we meet the Swiss legal requirements on licensing according to the Auditor Oversight Act (AOA) and independence (article 728 Code of Obligations (CO) and article 11 AOA) and that there are no circumstances incompatible with our independence.

In accordance with article 728a paragraph 1 item 3 CO and Swiss Auditing Standard 890, we confirm that an internal control system exits,exists, which has been designed for the preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with the instructions of the Board of Directors.

In accordance with Swiss law, we recommend that the consolidated financial statements submitted to you be approved.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States of America), the internal control over financial reporting of UBS AG and its subsidiaries as of 31 December 2011,2012, based on criteria established inInternal Control – Integrated lntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated 137 March 2012 expressed2013 expresses an adverseunqualified opinion on the effectiveness of UBS AG and its subsidiaries’the Group’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Ernst & Young Ltd

 

  

LOGO

LOGOLOGO

  

LOGO

Jonathan Bourne

  

Andreas LoetscherTroy J. Butner

Licensed Audit Expert

  

Licensed Audit ExpertCertified Public Accountant (U.S.)

(Auditor in Charge)

  

 

288322

 


Financial information

 

Income statement

 

  

 

   For the year ended % change from   

 

   For the year ended % change from 
CHF million, except per share data  Note   31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.09 31.12.10   Note   31.12.12 31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.11 
Continuing operations              
            
Interest income   3     17,969    18,872    23,461    (5   3     15,968    17,969    18,872    (11
            
Interest expense   3     (11,143  (12,657  (17,016  (12   3     (9,974  (11,143  (12,657  (10
            
Net interest income   3     6,826    6,215    6,446    10     3     5,994    6,826    6,215    (12
            
Credit loss (expense) / recovery     (84  (66  (1,832  27     11     (118  (84  (66  40  
            
Net interest income after credit loss expense     6,742    6,149    4,614    10       5,875    6,742    6,149    (13
            
Net fee and commission income   4     15,236    17,160    17,712    (11   4     15,405    15,236    17,160    1  
            
Net trading income   3     4,343    7,471    (324  (42   3     3,480    4,343    7,471    (20
            
Other income   5     1,467    1,214    599    21     5     682    1,467    1,214    (54
            
Total operating income     27,789    31,994    22,601    (13     25,443    27,788    31,994    (8
            
Personnel expenses   6     15,591    16,920    16,543    (8   6     14,737    15,634    17,031    (6
            
General and administrative expenses   7     5,959    6,585    6,248    (10   7     8,653    5,959    6,585    45  
            
Depreciation of property and equipment   15     761    918    1,048    (17
Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment   16     689    761    918    (9
            
Impairment of goodwill   16     0    0    1,123      17     3,030    0    0   
            
Amortization of intangible assets   16     127    117    200    9  
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets   17     106    127    117    (17
            
Total operating expenses     22,439    24,539    25,162    (9     27,216    22,482    24,650    21  
            
Operating profit from continuing operations before tax     5,350    7,455    (2,561  (28
Operating profit / (loss) from continuing operations before tax     (1,774  5,307    7,345   
            
Tax expense / (benefit)   22     923    (381  (443    24     461    901    (409  (49
            
Net profit from continuing operations     4,426    7,836    (2,118  (44
Net profit / (loss) from continuing operations     (2,235  4,406    7,754   
            
Discontinued operations              
            
Profit from discontinued operations before tax   36     0    2    (7  (100     0    0    2   
            
Tax expense   22     0    0    0      24     0    0    0   
            
Net profit from discontinued operations     0    2    (7  (100     0    0    2   
            
Net profit     4,427    7,838    (2,125  (44
Net profit / (loss)     (2,235  4,406    7,756   
            
Net profit attributable to non-controlling interests     268    304    610    (12     276    268    304    3  
            

from continuing operations

     268    303    600    (12     276    268    303    3  
            

from discontinued operations

     0    1    10    (100     0    0    1   
            
Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders     4,159    7,534    (2,736  (45
Net profit / (loss) attributable to UBS shareholders     (2,511  4,138    7,452   
            

from continuing operations

     4,158    7,533    (2,719  (45     (2,511  4,138    7,451   
            

from discontinued operations

     0    1    (17  (100     0    0    1   
            
Earnings per share (CHF)              
            
Basic earnings per share   8     1.10    1.99    (0.75  (45   8     (0.67  1.10    1.97   
            

from continuing operations

     1.10    1.99    (0.74  (45
      

from discontinued operations

     0.00    0.00    0.00   
      
Diluted earnings per share   8     1.08    1.96    (0.75  (45   8     (0.67  1.08    1.94   
            

from continuing operations

     1.08    1.96    (0.74  (45
      

from discontinued operations

     0.00    0.00    0.00   
      

323


Financial information

Consolidated financial statements

 

Statement of comprehensive income1

 

  For the year ended   For the year ended 

CHF million

  31.12.11   31.12.10 31.12.09   31.12.12 31.12.11 31.12.10 
  Total UBS
shareholders
 Non-controlling
interests
           Total UBS
shareholders
 Non-controlling
interests
       
Net profit   4,427    4,159    268     7,838    (2,125
Net profit / (loss)   (2,235  (2,511  276    4,406    7,756  
         
Other comprehensive income             
         
Foreign currency translation             
      ��    
Foreign currency translation movements, before tax   995    703    292     (951)2   (35   (395  (362  (33  985    (740
         
Foreign exchange amounts reclassified to the income statement from equity   8    8      237    (259   (58  (58   8    237  
         
Income tax relating to foreign currency translation movements   (6  (6    121    22     (91  (91   20    88  
         
Subtotal foreign currency translation movements, net of tax1   998    706    292     (593)2   (272
Subtotal foreign currency translation movements, net of tax2   (544  (511  (33  1,014    (415
         
Financial investments available-for-sale             
         
Net unrealized gains / (losses) on financial investments available-for-sale, before tax   1,458    1,458      (499  157  
Net unrealized gains/(losses) on financial investments available-for-sale, before tax   323    323     1,458    (499
         
Impairment charges reclassified to the income statement from equity   39    39      72    70     85    85     39    72  
         
Realized gains reclassified to the income statement from equity   (950  (950    (357  (147   (433  (433   (950  (357
         
Realized losses reclassified to the income statement from equity   24    24      153    1     19    19     24    153  
         
Income tax relating to net unrealized gains / (losses) on financial investments available-for-sale   (76  (76    13    (54
Income tax relating to net unrealized gains/(losses) on financial investments available-for-sale   20    20     (76  13  
         
Subtotal net unrealized gains / (losses) on financial investments available-for-sale, net of tax1   495    495      (618  27  
Subtotal net unrealized gains/(losses) on financial investments available- for-sale, net of tax2   14    14    0    495    (618
         
Cash flow hedges             
         
Effective portion of changes in fair value of derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges, before tax   3,093    3,093      927    78     1,714    1,714     3,093    927  
         
Net (gains) / losses reclassified to the income statement from equity   (1,140  (1,140    (1,108  (756
Net realized (gains)/losses reclassified to the income statement from equity   (1,235  (1,235   (1,140  (1,108
         
Income tax effects relating to cash flow hedges   (417  (417    38    257     (95  (95   (417  38  
         
Subtotal changes in fair value of derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges1   1,537    1,537      (143  (421
Subtotal changes in fair value of derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges, net of tax2   384    384    0    1,537    (143
   
Defined benefit plans      
   
Gains/(losses) on defined benefit plans, before tax   1,023    1,023     (2,141  124  
   
Income tax relating to gains/losses on defined benefit plans   (413  (413   321    (3
   
Subtotal changes in gains/(losses) on defined benefit plans, net of tax2   609    609    0    (1,820  120  
   
Property revaluation surplus      
   
Gains on property revaluation, before tax   8    8     
   
Income tax relating to gains on property revaluation   (2  (2   
   
Subtotal changes in property revaluation surplus, net of tax2   6    6    0    
         
Total other comprehensive income   3,030    2,737    292     (1,354)2   (667   469    502    (33  1,226    (1,055
         
Total comprehensive income   7,457    6,896    560     6,4842   (2,792   (1,766  (2,009  243    5,632    6,701  
         
Total comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests   560       6092   484     243      560    609  
         
Total comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders   6,896       5,875    (3,276   (2,009    5,071    6,092  
         

1  Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” for more information with regard to the adoption of IAS 19R.  2  Other comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders related to foreign currency translations was negativepositive CHF 909722 million in 20102011 and negative CHF 136731 million in 2009.2010. Other comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders related to financial investments available-for-sale was positive CHF 495 million in 2011 and negative CHF 607 million in 2010 and positive CHF 17 million in 2009.2010. Other comprehensive income related to cash flow hedges, defined benefit plans and property revaluation surplus was wholly attributable to UBS shareholders for all periods presented.2Presentational changes have been made to the prior period related to the redemption of preferred securities; refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” for more information.

324


Financial information

 

Balance sheet

Balance sheet

 

 

  

 

   % change from 
CHF million  Note   31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.09  31.12.10 
Assets  
                       
Cash and balances with central banks     40,638    26,939    20,899    51  
                       
Due from banks   9a     23,218    17,133    16,804    36  
                       
Cash collateral on securities borrowed   10     58,763    62,454    63,507    (6
                       
Reverse repurchase agreements   10     213,501    142,790    116,689    50  
                       
Trading portfolio assets   11     181,525    228,815    232,258    (21
                       

of which: assets pledged as collateral

     39,936    61,352    44,221    (35) 
                       
Positive replacement values   23     486,584    401,146    421,694    21  
                       
Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments   10     41,322    38,071    53,774    9  
                       
Financial assets designated at fair value   12     10,336    8,504    10,223    22  
                       
Loans   9a     266,604    262,877    266,477    1  
                       
Financial investments available-for-sale   13     53,174    74,768    81,757    (29
                       
Accrued income and prepaid expenses     6,327    5,466    5,816    16  
                       
Investments in associates   14     795    790    870    1  
                       
Property and equipment   15     5,688    5,467    6,212    4  
                       
Goodwill and intangible assets   16     9,695    9,822    11,008    (1
                       
Deferred tax assets   22     8,526    9,522    8,868    (10
                       
Other assets   17     12,465    22,681    23,682    (45
                       
Total assets     1,419,162    1,317,247    1,340,538    8  
                       
Liabilities  
                       
Due to banks   18     30,201    41,490    31,922    (27
                       
Cash collateral on securities lent   10     8,136    6,651    7,995    22  
                       
Repurchase agreements   10     102,429    74,796    64,175    37  
                       
Trading portfolio liabilities   11     39,480    54,975    47,469    (28
                       
Negative replacement values   23     473,400    393,762    409,943    20  
                       
Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments   10     67,114    58,924    66,097    14  
                       
Financial liabilities designated at fair value   19     88,982    100,756    112,653    (12
                       
Due to customers   18     342,409    332,301    339,263    3  
                       
Accrued expenses and deferred income     6,850    7,738    8,689    (11
                       
Debt issued   19     140,617    130,271    131,352    8  
                       
Other liabilities   20, 21     61,692    63,719    72,344    (3
                       
Total liabilities     1,361,309    1,265,384    1,291,905    8  
                       
Equity       
                       
Share capital     383    383    356    0  
                       
Share premium     34,614    34,393    34,824    1  
                       
Treasury shares     (1,160  (654  (1,040  77  
                       
Equity classified as obligation to purchase own shares     (39  (54  (2  (28
                       
Retained earnings     23,603    19,444    11,910    21  
                       
Cumulative net income recognized directly in equity, net of tax     (3,955  (6,693  (5,034  (41
                       
Equity attributable to UBS shareholders     53,447    46,820    41,013    14  
                       
Equity attributable to non-controlling interests     4,406    5,043    7,620    (13
                       
Total equity     57,852    51,863    48,633    12  
                       
Total liabilities and equity     1,419,162    1,317,247    1,340,538    8  
                       

 

  

 

   

 

  % change from 
CHF million  Note   31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11 
Assets  
                       
Cash and balances with central banks     66,383    40,638    26,939    63  
                       
Due from banks   9     21,230    23,218    17,133    (9
                       
Cash collateral on securities borrowed   10     37,372    58,763    62,454    (36
                       
Reverse repurchase agreements   10     130,941    213,501    142,790    (39
                       
Trading portfolio assets   12     160,861    181,525    228,815    (11
                       

of which: assets pledged as collateral which may be sold or repledged by

counterparties

   28     44,698    39,936    61,352    12  
                       
Positive replacement values   25     418,029    486,584    401,146    (14
                       
Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments   10     30,413    41,322    38,071    (26
                       
Financial assets designated at fair value   13     9,106    10,336    8,504    (12
                       
Loans   9     279,901    266,604    262,877    5  
                       
Financial investments available-for-sale   14     66,383    53,174    74,768    25  
                       
Accrued income and prepaid expenses     6,093    6,327    5,466    (4
                       
Investments in associates   15     858    795    790    8  
                       
Property and equipment   16     6,004    5,688    5,467    6  
                       
Goodwill and intangible assets   17     6,461    9,695    9,822    (33
                       
Deferred tax assets   24     8,143    9,627    10,262    (15
                       
Other assets   18     11,055    9,165    19,506    21  
                       
Total assets     1,259,232    1,416,962    1,314,813    (11
                       
Liabilities  
                       
Due to banks   19     23,024    30,201    41,490    (24
                       
Cash collateral on securities lent   10     9,203    8,136    6,651    13  
                       
Repurchase agreements   10     37,639    102,429    74,796    (63
                       
Trading portfolio liabilities   12     34,154    39,480    54,975    (13
                       
Negative replacement values   25     395,070    473,400    393,762    (17
                       
Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments   10     71,148    67,114    58,924    6  
                       
Financial liabilities designated at fair value   20     92,878    88,982    100,756    4  
                       
Due to customers   19     371,892    342,409    332,301    9  
                       
Accrued expenses and deferred income     6,881    6,850    7,738    0  
                       
Debt issued   21     104,656    140,617    130,271    (26
                       
Provisions   23     2,536    1,626    1,704    56  
                       
Other liabilities   22     59,902    62,784    62,674    (5
                       
Total liabilities     1,208,983    1,364,027    1,266,042    (11
                       
Equity       
                       
Share capital     384    383    383    0  
                       
Share premium     33,898    34,614    34,393    (2
                       
Treasury shares     (1,071  (1,160  (654  (8
                       
Equity classified as obligation to purchase own shares     (37  (39  (54  (5
                       
Retained earnings     21,231    23,742    19,604    (11
                       
Cumulative net income recognized directly in equity, net of tax     (8,509  (9,011  (9,945  (6
                       
Equity attributable to UBS shareholders     45,895    48,530    43,728    (5
                       
Equity attributable to non-controlling interests     4,353    4,406    5,043    (1
                       
Total equity     50,249    52,935    48,770    (5
                       
Total liabilities and equity     1,259,232    1,416,962    1,314,813    (11
                       

325


Financial information

Consolidated financial statements

 

Statement of changes in equity

 

CHF million      
    
Share capital
   Share premium Treasury shares Equity classified as
obligation to
purchase own shares
     Share capital   Share
premium
 Treasury shares Equity classified
as obligation to
purchase own shares
 Retained
earnings
   
Balance as of 1 January 2009   293     25,288    (3,156  (46 
Balance as of 1 January 2010 before the adoption of IAS 19R   356     34,824    (1,040  (2  11,910   
            
Change in accounting policy1       
Effect of adoption of IAS 19R1        242   
      
Balance as of 1 January 2010 after the adoption of IAS 19R   356     34,824    (1,040  (2  12,152   
            
Issuance of share capital   63          27        
            
Acquisition of treasury shares      (476        (1,574   
            
Disposition of treasury shares      2,592          1,960     
            
Treasury shares gains / (losses) and net premium / (discount) on own equity derivative activity, net of tax     (1,268   
Treasury share gains / (losses) and net premium /
(discount) on own equity derivative activity2
     (237    
            
Premium on shares issued and warrants exercised     10,599          (27    
            
Employee share and share option plans     291          (104    
            
Tax benefits from deferred compensation awards     1     
Tax (expense)/benefit recognized in share premium2     186      
            
Transaction costs related to share issuances, net of tax     (87        (113    
            
Dividends2       
Dividends        
            
Equity classified as obligation to purchase own shares – movements       44          (52  
            
Preferred securities               
            
New consolidations and other increases       
      
Deconsolidations and other decreases       
      
Total comprehensive income for the year recognized in equity       
      
Balance as of 31 December 2009   356     34,824    (1,040  (2 
      
Issuance of share capital   27       
      
Acquisition of treasury shares      (1,574  
      
Disposition of treasury shares      1,960    
      
Treasury shares gains / (losses) and net premium / (discount) on own equity derivative activity, net of tax     (43   
      
Premium / (discount) on shares issued and warrants exercised     (27   
      
Employee share and share option plans     (104   
      
Tax benefits from deferred compensation awards     (8   
      
Transaction costs related to share issuances, net of tax     (113   
      
Dividends2       
      
Equity classified as obligation to purchase own shares – movements       (52 
      
Preferred securities       
      
New consolidations and other increases     (136   
New consolidations and other increases / (decrease)     (136    
            
Deconsolidations and other decreases               
            
Total comprehensive income for the year recognized in equity               7,452   
            
Balance as of 31 December 2010   383     34,393    (654  (54    383     34,393    (654  (54  19,604   
            
Issuance of share capital               
            
Acquisition of treasury shares      (2,455        (2,455   
            
Disposition of treasury shares      1,949          1,949     
            
Treasury shares gains / (losses) and net premium / (discount) on own equity derivative activity, net of tax     188     
Treasury share gains / (losses) and net premium /
(discount) on own equity derivative activity2
     (83    
            
Premium on shares issued and warrants exercised     10          10      
            
Employee share and share option plans     19          19      
            
Tax benefits from deferred compensation awards     9     
Tax (expense)/benefit recognized in share premium2     280      
            
Transaction costs related to share issuances, net of tax               
            
Dividends2       
Dividends        
            
Equity classified as obligation to purchase own shares – movements       15          15    
            
Preferred securities               
            
New consolidations and other increases     (5   
New consolidations and other increases / (decrease)     (5    
            
Deconsolidations and other decreases               
            
Total comprehensive income for the year recognized in equity               4,138   
            
Balance as of 31 December 2011   383     34,614    (1,160  (39    383     34,614    (1,160  (39  23,742   
            
Issuance of share capital   0        
      
Acquisition of treasury shares      (1,398)4    
      
Disposition of treasury shares      1,486     
      
Treasury share gains / (losses) and net premium /
(discount) on own equity derivative activity
     (9    
      
Premium on shares issued and warrants exercised     4      
      
Employee share and share option plans     126      
      
Tax (expense)/benefit recognized in share premium     (457    
      
Transaction costs related to share issuances, net of tax        
      
Dividends     (379)5     
      
Equity classified as obligation to purchase own shares – movements       2    
      
Preferred securities        
      
New consolidations and other increases / (decrease)     (1    
      
Deconsolidations and other decreases        
      
Total comprehensive income for the year recognized in equity        (2,511 
      
Balance as of 31 December 2012   384     33,898    (1,071  (37  21,231   
      

1  In 2011, we adjusted the 2009 opening balance of retained earnings by a credit of CHF 159 million and foreign currency translation by a corresponding debit of CHF 159 million to reflect a change in accounting policy. Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” for more information.information with regard to the adoption of IAS 19R.  2  Represents dividend payment obligations for preferred securities.  3  Presentational changes have been made to the prior periodin 2012. The line Treasury share gains / (losses) and net premium / (discount) on own equity derivative activity is now shown gross of tax. Previously, this line was shown net of tax. All income tax related to share premium is reported on the redemptionline Tax (expense) / benefit recognized in share premium.  3  Includes reclassifications from equity attributable to non-controlling interests to liabilities for preferred securities dividend payment obligations which were accrued in the period.  4  Net acquisitions of preferred securities; refer5 million treasury shares (CHF 92 million) related to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparabilitymarket making and other adjustments” for more information.hedging activities of the Investment Bank are presented as acquisitions.5  Reflects the payment of CHF 0.10 per share of CHF 0.10 par value out of capital contribution reserve of UBS AG (Parent Bank).

326


Financial information

 

 

 

Retained earnings  Foreign currency
translation
  Financial investments
available-for-sale
  Cash flow hedges  Total equity
attributable to UBS
shareholders
  Non-controlling
interests
  Total equity 
14,487   (6,309  347    1,627    32,531    8,002    40,533  
                          
159   (159    0     0  
                          
      63     63  
                          
      (476   (476
                          
      2,592     2,592  
                          
      (1,268   (1,268
                          
      10,599     10,599  
                          
      291     291  
                          
      1     1  
                          
      (87   (87
                          
      0    (849  (849
                          
      44     44  
                          
      0    (7  (7
                          
      0    3    3  
                          
      0    (13  (13
                          
(2,736)   (136  17    (421  (3,276  484    (2,792
                          
11,910    (6,604  364    1,206    41,013    7,620    48,633  
                          
      27     27  
                          
      (1,574   (1,574
                          
      1,960     1,960  
                          
      (43   (43
                          
      (27   (27
                          
      (104   (104
                          
      (8   (8
                          
      (113   (113
                          
      0    (305  (305
                          
      (52   (52
                          
      0    (2,622)3   (2,622
                          
      (136  6    (130
                          
      0    (264  (264
                          
7,534   (909  (607  (143  5,875    6093   6,484  
                          
19,444   (7,513  (243  1,063    46,820    5,043    51,863  
                          
      0     0  
                          
      (2,455   (2,455
                          
      1,949     1,949  
                          
      188     188  
                          
      10     10  
                          
      19     19  
                          
      9     9  
                          
      0     0  
                          
      0    (269  (269
                          
      15     15  
                          
      0    (882  (882
                          
      (5  1    (4
                          
      0    (47  (47
                          
4,159   706    495    1,537    6,896    560    7,457  
                          
23,603   (6,807  252    2,600    53,447    4,406    57,852  
                          

Cumulative net income

recognized directly

in equity, net of tax

  of which
Foreign currency
translation
  of which Financial
investments
available-for-sale
  of which
Cash
flow hedges
  of which
Defined
benefit plans
  of which Property
revalua-
tion surplus
   Total equity
attributable to
UBS shareholders
  Non-controlling
interests
  

Total

equity

 
(5,034)   (6,604  364    1,206    0    0     41,013    7,620    48,633  
                                   
(3,551)   166      (3,716    (3,309   (3,309
                                   
(8,585)   (6,438  364    1,206    (3,716  0     37,704    7,620    45,324  
                                   
         27     27  
                                   
         (1,574   (1,574
                                   
         1,960     1,960  
                                   
         (237   (237
                                   
         (27   (27
                                   
         (104   (104
                                   
         186     186  
                                   
         (113   (113
                                   
         0    (305)3   (305
                                   
         (52   (52
                                   
         0    (2,622  (2,622
                                   
         (136  6    (130
                                   
         0    (264  (264
                                   
(1,360)   (731  (607  (143  120      6,092    609    6,701  
                                   
(9,945)   (7,169  (243  1,063    (3,596  0     43,728    5,043    48,770  
                                   
         0     0  
                                   
         (2,455   (2,455
                                   
         1,949     1,949  
                                   
         (83   (83
                                   
         10     10  
                                   
         19     19  
                                   
         280     280  
                                   
         0     0  
                                   
         0    (269)3   (269
                                   
         15     15  
                                   
         0    (882  (882
                                   
         (5  1    (4
                                   
         0    (47  (47
                                   
934   722    495    1,537    (1,820    5,071    560    5,632  
                                   
(9,011)   (6,447  252    2,600    (5,415  0     48,530    4,406    52,935  
                                   
         0     0  
                                   
         (1,398   (1,398
                                   
         1,486     1,486  
                                   
         (9   (9
                                   
         4     4  
                                   
         126     126  
                                   
         (457   (457
                                   
         0     0  
                                   
         (379  (277)3   (656
                                   
         2     2  
                                   
         0     0  
                                   
         (1  (10  (11
                                   
         0    (9  (9
       ��                           
502   (511  14    384    609    6     (2,009  243    (1,766
                                   
(8,509)   (6,958  267    2,983    (4,806  6     45,895    4,353    50,249  
                                   

Financial information

Consolidated financial statements

 

 

Equity attributable to non-controlling interests

 

 

  For the year ended 
CHF million  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.09 
Preferred securities1  
              
Balance at the beginning of the year   4,907    7,254    7,381  
              
Redemptions2   (882  (2,622)4   (7
              
Foreign currency translation3   334    2754   (120
              
Balance at the end of the year   4,359    4,907    7,254  
              
Other non-controlling interests at the end of the year   47    136    366  
              
Total equity attributable to non-controlling interests   4,406    5,043    7,620  
              

Equity attributable to non-controlling interests

 

 

  For the year ended 
CHF million  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10 
Preferred securities1  
              
Balance at the beginning of the year   4,359    4,907    7,254  
              
Redemptions2   0    (882  (2,622
              
Foreign currency translation   (48  334    275  
              
Balance at the end of the year   4,311    4,359    4,907  
              
Other non-controlling interests at the end of the year   42    47    136  
              
Total equity attributable to non-controlling interests   4,353    4,406    5,043  
              

1  Increases and offsetting decreases due to dividendsdividend payment obligations are excluded from this table.2  Represents nominal amount translated at the historicalhistoric currency exchange rate.3  In 2011, foreign currency translation losses of CHF 121 million were offset by the derecognition of cumulative foreign currency translation losses of CHF 455 million related to the redemption of trust preferred securities, which represent the difference between the historical currency exchange rate at issuance and the currency exchange rate prevailing at the redemption date.  4  Presentational changes have been made to the prior period related to the redemption of preferred securities; refer to “Note 1b) Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” for more information.

 

  For the year ended % change from   For the year ended % change from 
Number of shares  31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.09 31.12.10   31.12.12 31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.11 
Shares issued          
      
Balance at the beginning of the year   3,830,840,513    3,558,112,753    2,932,580,549    8     3,832,121,899    3,830,840,513    3,558,112,753    0  
      
Issuance of shares   1,281,386    272,727,760    625,532,204    (100   3,128,334    1,281,386    272,727,760    144  
      
Balance at the end of the year   3,832,121,899    3,830,840,513    3,558,112,753    0     3,835,250,233    3,832,121,899    3,830,840,513    0  
      
Treasury shares          
      
Balance at the beginning of the year   38,892,031    37,553,872    61,903,121    4     84,955,551    38,892,031    37,553,872    118  
      
Acquisitions   155,636,639    105,824,816    33,566,097    47     114,292,481    155,636,639    105,824,816    (27
      
Disposals   (109,573,119  (104,486,657  (57,915,346  5  
Dispositions   (111,368,431  (109,573,119  (104,486,657  2  
      
Balance at the end of the year   84,955,551    38,892,031    37,553,872    118     87,879,601    84,955,551    38,892,031    3  
      

 

Conditional share capital

OnAs of 31 December 2011,2012, 145,510,992 additional shares (31 December 2011: 148,639,326 additional sharesshares) could have been issued to fund UBS’s employee share option programs. Further conditional capital of up to 100,000,000 shares was available in connection with an arrangement with the Swiss National Bank (SNB). The SNB provided a loan to a fund owned and controlled by the SNB (the SNB StabFund), to which UBS transferred certain illiquid securities and other positions. As part of this arrangement,

arrangement, UBS granted warrants on shares to the SNB and these warrants become exercisable if the SNB incurs a loss on its loan to the SNB StabFund.Stab-Fund.

OnFurther on 14 April 2010, the annual general meetingAnnual General Meeting of UBS AG (Parent Bank) shareholders approved the creation of conditional capital to a maximum amount of 380,000,000 shares for conversion rights/warrants granted in connection with the issuance of bonds or similar financial instruments. These positions are shown as conditional share capital in the UBS AGAG’s (Parent Bank) disclosure.

 

Financial information

 

Statement of cash flows1

 

 

  For the year ended 
CHF million  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.09 
Cash flow from / (used in) operating activities    
              
Net profit   4,427    7,838    (2,125
              
Adjustments to reconcile net profit to cash flow from / (used in) operating activities    
              
Non-cash items included in net profit and other adjustments:    
              

Depreciation of property and equipment

   761    918    1,048  
              

Impairment of goodwill / amortization of intangible assets

   127    117    1,323  
              

Credit loss expense / (recovery)

   84    66    1,832  
              

Share of net profits of associates

   (42  (81  (37
              

Deferred tax expense /(benefit)

   817    (605  (960
              

Net loss / (gain) from investing activities

   (996  (531  425  
              

Net loss / (gain) from financing activities

   (5,856  1,125    8,355  
              
Net (increase) / decrease in operating assets:    
              

Net due from / to banks

   (14,296  9,022    (41,766
              

Reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities borrowed

   (67,020  (25,048  162,822  
              

Trading portfolio, net replacement values and financial assets designated at fair value

   17,257    22,634    43,344  
              

Loans/ due to customers

   6,298    (3,429  (316
              

Accrued income, prepaid expenses and other assets

   10,428    608    (4,208
              
Net increase / (decrease) in operating liabilities:    
              

Repurchase agreements, cash collateral on securities lent

   29,119    9,277    (41,351
              

Net cash collateral on derivative instruments

   7,050    (988  (11,916
              

Accrued expenses, deferred income and other liabilities

   (2,049  (7,039  (29,242
              
Income taxes paid, net of refunds   (349  (498  (505
              
Net cash flow from / (used in) operating activities   (14,241  13,385    86,723  
              
Cash flow from / (used in) investing activities    
              
Purchase of subsidiaries, associates and intangible assets   (58  (75  (42
              
Disposal of subsidiaries, associates and intangible assets   50    307    296  
              
Purchase of property and equipment   (1,129  (541  (854
              
Disposal of property and equipment   233    242    163  
              
Net (investment in) / divestment of financial investments available-for-sale   20,281    4,164    (78,376
              
Net cash flow from / (used in) investing activities   19,377    4,097    (78,812
              
Cash flow from / (used in) financing activities    
              
Net short-term debt issued / (repaid)   15,338    4,459    (60,040
              
Net movements in treasury shares and own equity derivative activity   (1,885  (1,456  673  
              
Capital issuance   0    (113  3,726  
              
Issuance of long-term debt, including financial liabilities designated at fair value   52,590    78,418    67,062  
              
Repayment of long-term debt, including financial liabilities designated at fair value   (62,626  (77,497  (65,024
              
Increase in non-controlling interests   1    6    3  
              
Dividends paid to / decrease in non-controlling interests   (749  (2,053  (583
              
Net cash flow from / (used in) financing activities   2,670    1,764    (54,183
              
Effects of exchange rate differences   (2,129  (12,181  5,529  
              
Net increase / (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents   5,678    7,066    (40,744
              
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year   79,934    72,868    113,611  
              
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year   85,612    79,934    72,868  
              
Cash and cash equivalents comprise:1    
              
Cash and balances with central banks   40,638    26,939    20,899  
              
Money market paper2   3,900    17,110    6,327  
              
Due from banks3   41,074    35,885    45,642  
              
Total   85,612    79,934    72,868  
              

 

   For the year ended  
CHF million  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10 
Cash flow from/(used in) operating activities    
              
Net profit/(loss)   (2,235  4,406    7,756  
              
Adjustments to reconcile net profit to cash flow from/(used in) operating activities    
              
Non-cash items included in net profit and other adjustments:    
              

Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment

   689    761    918  
              

Impairment of goodwill

   3,030    0    0  
              

Amortization and impairment of intangible assets

   106    127    117  
              

Credit loss expense/(recovery)

   118    84    66  
              

Share of net profits of associates

   (88  (42  (81
              

Deferred tax expense/(benefit)

   294    795    (634
              

Net loss/(gain) from investing activities

   (507  (996  (531
              

Net loss/(gain) from financing activities

   3,717    (5,856  1,125  
              

Other net adjustments

   6,081    3,703    15,298  
              
Net (increase)/decrease in operating assets and liabilities:    
              

Net due from/to banks

   (7,686  (14,569  10,046  
              

Reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities borrowed

   102,436    (67,262  (47,207
              

Trading portfolio, net replacement values and financial assets designated at fair value

   8,740    17,225    6,635  
              

Loans/due to customers

   16,011    6,068    (1,703
              

Accrued income, prepaid expenses and other assets

   (889  9,648    (1,994
              

Repurchase agreements, cash collateral on securities lent

   (66,111  27,116    17,588  
              

Net cash collateral on derivative instruments

   4,399    6,330    5,239  
              

Accrued expenses, deferred income and other liabilities

   (794  (1,430  1,246  
              
Income taxes paid, net of refunds   (261  (349  (498
              
Net cash flow from/(used in) operating activities   67,050    (14,241  13,385  
              
Cash flow from/(used in) investing activities    
              
Purchase of subsidiaries, associates and intangible assets   (11  (58  (75
              
Disposal of subsidiaries, associates and intangible assets2   41    50    307  
              
Purchase of property and equipment   (1,118  (1,129  (541
              
Disposal of property and equipment   202    233    242  
              
Net (investment in)/divestment of financial investments available-for-sale   (13,946)3   20,281    4,164  
              
Net cash flow from/(used in) investing activities   (14,831  19,377    4,097  
              
Cash flow from/(used in) financing activities    
              
Net short-term debt issued/(repaid)   (37,967  15,338    4,459  
              
Net movements in treasury shares and own equity derivative activity   (1,159  (1,885  (1,456
              
Capital issuance   0    0    (113
              
Dividends paid   (379  0    0  
              
Issuance of long-term debt, including financial liabilities designated at fair value   55,747    52,590    78,418  
              
Repayment of long-term debt, including financial liabilities designated at fair value   (53,996  (62,626  (77,497
              
Increase in non-controlling interests   0    1    6  
              
Dividends paid to/decrease in non-controlling interests   (288  (749  (2,053
              
Net cash flow from/(used in) financing activities   (38,041  2,670    1,764  
              

1  In 2011, we have refined our definition2012, the estimation of the effects of foreign currency translation on the statement of cash flows was refined. This change in estimate resulted in Net cash flows from/(used in) operating activities being higher by CHF 1.8 billion (recorded in Other net adjustments), from/(used in) investing activities being higher by CHF 0.5 billion, from/(used in) financing activities being higher by CHF 1.4 billion and the amounts presented under the line item Effects of exchange rate differences being lower by CHF 3.7 billion. In conjunction with this change in estimate, the presentation of amounts within Net cash equivalents. Prior periodsflows from/(used in) operating activities has been enhanced by eliminating the estimated foreign currency effects from individual balance sheet movements presented under Net (increase)/decrease in operating assets and liabilities and reflecting these within Other net adjustments, for which comparatives have been adjusted accordingly. Refer to “Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies” for more information.restated.  2  Money market paper is included in the balance sheet under Trading portfolio assets (31 December 2011: CHF 1,783 million, 31 December 2010: CHF 11,750 million) and Financial investments available-for-sale (31 December 2011: CHF 2,117 million, 31 December 2010: CHF 5,360 million). CHF 0 million and CHF 9,941 million of money market paper was pledged as of 31 December 2011 and 31 December 2010, respectively.Includes dividends received from associates.  3  Includes positions recognized ingross cash inflows from sales and maturities of CHF 8,796 million and gross cash outflows from pur-chases of CHF 7,422 million related to the balance sheet under Due from banks (31 December 2011:Wealth Management Americas’ available-for-sale portfolio. Other net cash outflows of CHF 18,73315,320 million 31 December 2010: CHF 15,655 million) and Cash collateral receivablesalmost entirely related to our multi-currency portfolio of unencumbered, high-quality, short-term assets.

Table continues on derivative instruments with bank counterparties (31 December 2011: CHF 22,341 million, 31 December 2010: CHF 20,230 million, refer to Note 10).the next page.

Financial information

Consolidated financial statements

 

Statement of cash flows (continued)

 

 

  For the year ended 
CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09 
Additional information      
                
Cash received as interest   16,669     17,344     23,844  
                
Cash paid as interest   9,845     12,606     19,597  
                
Cash received as dividends on equity investments (including associates)   1,343     1,395     1,090  
                
Significant non-cash investing and financing activities      
                

No significant items in 2011 and 2010.

      
    For the year ended 
CHF million            31.12.09 
Deconsolidation of UBS Pactual      
                
Financial investments available-for-sale       14  
                
Property and equipment       31  
                
Goodwill and intangible assets       731  
                
Debt issued       1,393  
                

Table continued from previous page.

 

   For the year ended  
CHF million  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10 
Effects of exchange rate differences   (673  (2,129  (12,181
              
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents   13,506    5,678    7,066  
              
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year   85,612    79,934    72,868  
              
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year   99,118    85,612    79,934  
              
Cash and cash equivalents comprise:    
              
Cash and balances with central banks   66,383    40,638    26,939  
              
Money market paper1   4,382    3,900    17,110  
              
Due from banks2   28,354    41,074    35,885  
              
Total   99,118    85,612    79,934  
              
Additional information    
              
Net cash flow from/(used in) operating activities include:    
              
Cash received as interest   14,551    16,669    17,344  
              
Cash paid as interest   9,153    9,845    12,606  
              
Cash received as dividends on equity investments, investment funds and associates3   1,430    1,343    1,395  
              

1  Money market paper is included in the balance sheet under Trading portfolio assets (31 December 2012: CHF 2,192 million, 31 December 2011: CHF 1,783 million) and Financial investments available-for-sale (31 December 2012: CHF 2,190 million, 31 December 2011: CHF 2,117 million).  2  Includes positions recognized in the balance sheet under Due from banks (31 December 2012: CHF 15,961 million, 31 December 2011: CHF 18,733 million) and Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments with bank counterparties (31 December 2012: CHF 12,393 million, 31 December 2011: CHF 22,341 million, refer to Note 10).  3  Includes dividends received from associates (2012: CHF 37 million, 2011: CHF 28 million, 2010: CHF 29 million) reported within cash flow from / (used in) investing activities.

Significant non-cash investing and financing activities

No significant items for 2012, 2011 and 2010.

Financial information

 

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies

 

a) Significant accounting policies

 

 

The principalsignificant accounting policies applied in the preparation of thesethe consolidated financial statements of UBS (the “Financial Statements”) are set out below.described in this note. These policies have been consistently applied toin all the years presented unless otherwise stated.

1) Basis of accounting

UBS AG and its subsidiaries (“UBS” or the “Group”) provide a broad range of financial services including: advisory services, underwriting, financing, market-making, asset management and brokerage on a global level, and retail banking in Switzerland. The Group was formed on 29 June 1998 when Swiss Bank Corporation and Union Bank of Switzerland merged.

The merger was accounted for using the uniting of interests method of accounting.

The consolidated financial statements of UBS (the “Financial Statements”)Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), and are statedpresented in Swiss francs (CHF), the currency of Switzerland where UBS AG is incorporated. On 137 March 2012,2013, the consolidated financial statementsFinancial Statements were authorized for issue.1issue by the Board of Directors. Consolidated financial statements are prepared using uniform accounting policies for likesimilar transactions and other events in similar circumstances.events. Transactions and balances between Group companies are eliminated.

Disclosures incorporated in the “Risk, treasury and capital management” section which are part of these financial statements are marked as audited. These disclosures relate to requirements under IFRS 7Financial Instruments: Disclosuresand IAS 1Presentation of Financial Statements and are not repeated in the “Financial information – consolidated financial statements” section.

2) Use of estimates in the preparation of the Financial Statements

In preparing the Financial Statements in conformity with IFRS, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported income, expenses, assets, liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Use ofAssessing available information and the application of judgment are inherentnecessary elements in the formation ofmaking estimates. Actual results in the future could differ from such estimates, and thesuch differences may be material to the Financial Statements. Estimates and their underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Any revisions to estimates resulting from these reviews are recognized in the period in which such estimates are revised.

The following notes to the Financial Statements contain information about those areas of estimation uncertainty considered to require critical judgment in applying those accounting policies

that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the Financial Statements: Note 11Allowances and provisions for credit losses; Note 17Goodwill and intangible assets; Note 23Provisions and contingent liabilities; Note 24Income taxes; Note 27Fair value of financial instruments; Note 29aMeasurement categories of financial assets and financial liabilities; Note 30Pension and other post-employment benefit plans; and Note 31Equity participation and other compensation plans.

3) Subsidiaries

The Financial Statements comprise those of the parent company (UBS AG) and its subsidiaries, including controlled special purpose

entities (SPEs), presented as a single economic entity. UBS controls an entity when it has the power to govern the financial and operating policies of the entity. Generally this is indicated by a direct shareholding of more than one-half of the voting rights. Subsidiaries, including SPEs that are controlled by the Group, are consolidated from the date control is transferred to the Group and are deconsolidated from the date control ceases.

Equity attributable to non-controlling interests is presented on the consolidated balance sheet within equity, and is separate from equity attributable to UBS shareholders.Net profit attributable to non-controlling interests is shown separately in the income statement.

Special purpose entities

The Group sponsors the formation of SPEs and interacts with non-sponsored SPEs for a variety of reasons in order to accomplish certain narrow and well-defined objectives. Many SPEs are established as bankruptcy remote, meaning that only the assets in the SPE are available for the benefit of the investors in the SPE and such investors have no other recourse to UBS. SPEs, including trusts, are consolidated when the substance of the relationship between the Group and the SPE indicates that the SPE is controlled by the Group. The following circumstances may indicate a relationship in which, in substance, UBS controls and consequently consolidates the SPE:

 

the activities of the SPE are being conducted on behalf of UBS according to its specific business needs, so that UBS obtains benefits from the SPE’s operations;

 

UBS has the decision-making powers to obtain the majority of the benefits of the activities of the SPE or, through setting up an “autopilot” mechanism, UBS has delegated these decision-making powers;

 

UBS has rights to obtain the majority of the benefits of the SPE and, therefore, may be exposed to risks associated with the activities of the SPE; or

331


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

 

UBS retains the majority of the residual or ownership risks related to the SPE or its assets in order to obtain benefits from its activities.

SPEs that are established to facilitate clients holding investmentsare structures that allow one or more clients to invest in specific assets or risk and reward profiles. Typically, UBS will receive service and commission fees for the creation of the SPE,SPEs, or for its services as investment manager, custodian or in some other capacity. Some of these SPEs are single-investor or family trusts while others allow a large number ofmultiple investors to invest in a diver-

1  The Board of Directors authorizes the issuance of the consolidated financial statements. On 8 March 2012 the Board convened to review and authorize the issuance of the consolidated financial statements, and delegated to the Chairman of the Audit Committee authority to give final approval based on whether or not an agreement in principle with a monoline insurer (then in the final stages of negotiation) would be signed. The agreement in principle was signed on 12 March 2012, and the consolidated financial statements were authorized for issuance on 13 March 2012. Refer to “Note 32 Events after the reporting period” for more information.

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

sifieddiversified asset base through shares, notes or certificates. The majority of UBS’s SPEs created for client investment purposes are not consolidated. However, UBS will consolidate such SPEs when a control relationship exists for example when UBS absorbs the majority of the risks and rewards, or when UBS has unilateral liquidation rights.

SPEs used for securitization are established when UBS sells assets to an SPE (for example, a portfolio of loans) to an SPE or facilitates the purchase of assets on behalf of an SPE, and the SPE in turn sells interests in the assets as securities to investors. Consolidation of these SPEs depends mainly on whether UBS retains the majority of the risks and rewards of the assets in the SPE. UBS does not consolidate SPEs used for securitization if it has no control over the assets and if it no longer retains any significant exposure (for gain or loss)loss exposure to the income or investment returns on the assets sold to the SPE, or the proceeds of their liquidation.

SPEs used for credit protectionare established so as to allow UBS to sell to and purchase from one or more investorstransfer the credit risk on single names or portfolios, which may or may not be held by UBS.UBS, to one or more investors. UBS generally consolidates SPEs that are used for credit protection when, for instance, UBS receives benefitsfunding from fundingthe SPE or has unilateral liquidation rights.

Employee benefit trusts are used in connection with share-based payment arrangements and deferred compensation schemes. Such trusts are consolidated when the substance of the relationship between UBS and the entity indicates that the entity is controlled by UBS.

UBS continuously evaluates whether triggering events require the reconsideration of consolidation decisions that were first made at inception of its involvement with any particular SPE. This is especially relevant for securitization vehicles. Triggering events are usually caused by restructuring, the vesting of potential rights and the acquisition, disposal or expiration of interests.interests in the SPE. SPEs may be consolidated or deconsolidated depending on the facts and circumstances of any change.

Business combinations

Following the adoption of IFRS 3Business Combinations, business combinations completed after 31 December 2009 are accounted for using the acquisition method. As of the acquisition date, UBS recognizes the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed at their acquisition-date fair values. For each business combination, UBS measures

the non-controlling interests in the acquiree (being present ownership interests providing entitlement to a proportionate share of the net assets of the acquiree in the event of liquidation) either at fair value or at their proportionate share of the acquiree’s identifiable net assets.

The cost of an acquisition is the aggregate of the assets transferred, the liabilities incurred to former owners of the acquiree and the equity instruments issued, measured at acquisition-date fair values. Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred. Any contingent consideration that may be transferred by UBS is

recognized at fair value at the acquisition date. If the contingent consideration is classified as an asset or liability, subsequent changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration are recognized in the income statement. If the contingent consideration is classified as equity, it is not re-measuredremeasured until it is finally settled.

Any excess of the aggregate of the consideration transferred and the amount recognized for non-controlling interests over the net identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed is considered goodwill and is recognized as a separate asset on the balance sheet, initially measured at cost. If the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired exceeds the aggregate of the consideration transferred and the amount recognized for non-controlling interests, the difference is recognized in the income statement on the acquisition date.

The accounting treatment for business combinations completed prior to 1 January 2010 differed primarily in the following respects:

Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition formed part of the acquisition costs.

Any non-controlling interest were measured as a proportion of the acquiree’s identifiable net assets.

Contingent consideration was recognized if, and only if, UBS had a present obligation, economic outflow was likely and a reliable estimate of the amount was determinable. Subsequent adjustments to the contingent consideration were recognized as part of goodwill.

4) Associates and jointly controlled entities

Investments in associatesentities in which UBS has significant influence, but not control, over the financial and operating policies of the entity are classified asinvestments in associates and accounted for under the equity method of accounting. Normally, significant influence is indicated when UBS owns more thanbetween 20% and 50% of a company’s voting rights. Investments in associates are initially recorded at cost, and the carrying amount is increased or decreased after the date of acquisition to recognize the Group’s share of the investee’s net profit or loss (including net profit or loss recognized directly in equity). Interests in jointly controlled entities also are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. A jointly controlled entity is subject to a contractual agreement between UBS and one or more third parties, which establishes joint control over its economic activities. Interests in suchjointly controlled entities are classified asInvestmentsinvestments in associates on the balance sheet and for disclosure purposes.

If the reporting date of an associate or joint venture is different to UBS’s reporting date, the most recently available financial statements of the associate or joint venture are used to apply the equity method. Adjustments are made for effects of significant transactions or events that may occur between that date and the UBS reporting date.

Investments in associates and interests in jointly controlled entities are classified as “held for sale” if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use – seerefer to items 20) and 29).

 

 

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5) Recognition and derecognition of financial instruments

UBS recognizes financial instruments on its balance sheet when the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

instruments. UBS acts as trustee and in other fiduciary capacities that result in the holding or placing of assets on behalf of individuals, trusts, retirement benefit plans and other institutions. Unless the recognition criteria for the assets are satisfied, these assets and the related income are excluded from UBS’s financial statements, as they are not assets of UBS.

Financial assets

UBS enters into certain transactions where it transfers financial assets recognized on its balance sheet but retains either all or a portion of the risks and rewards of the transferred financial assets. If all or substantially all risks and rewards are retained, the transferred financial assets are not derecognized from the balance sheet. Transactions where transfers of financial assets result in UBS retaining all or substantially all risks and rewards include securities lending and repurchase transactions described under items 13) and 14). They also include transactions where financial assets are sold to a third party together with a total return swap that results in UBS retaining all or substantially all the risks and rewards of the transferred assets. These types of transactions are accounted for as secured financing transactions.

In transactions where substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership of a financial asset are neither retained nor transferred, UBS derecognizes the financial asset if control over the asset is lost.surrendered. The rights and obligations retained in the transfer are recognized separately as assets and liabilities, respectively. In transfers where control over the financial asset is retained, the Group continues to recognize the asset to the extent of its continuing involvement, determined by the extent to which it is exposed to changes in the value of the transferred asset. Examples of such transactions include written put options, acquired call options, or other instruments linked to the performance of the asset.

For the purposes of the Group’s disclosures of transferred financial assets, a financial asset is typically considered to have been transferred when the Group a) transfers the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset or b) retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of that asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows.

    Where financial assets have been pledged as collateral or in similar arrangements, they are considered to have been transferred if the counterparty has received the contractual right to the cash flows of the pledged assets, as may be evidenced, for example by the counterparty’s right to sell or re-pledge the assets. Where the counterparty to the pledged financial assets has not received the contractual right to the cash flows, the assets are considered pledged, but not transferred.

Financial liabilities

UBS removesderecognizes a financial liability from its balance sheet when it is extinguished, i.e., when the obligation specified in the contract

is discharged, cancelled or expired. When an existing financial liability is exchanged for a new one from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. Anyliability with any difference in the respective carrying amounts isbeing recognized in the income statement.

6) Determination of fair value

Fair value is the amount for which an asset could be exchanged or a liability settled between knowledgeable, willing parties in an

arm’s length transaction. DeterminingDetermination of fair value is considered a significantcritical accounting policy for the Group and further details are disclosed in Note 26.27.

7) Trading portfolio assets and liabilities

Non-derivative financial assets and liabilities are classified at acquisition as held for trading and presented in the trading portfolio if they are (a)a) acquired or incurred principally for the purpose of selling or repurchasing in the near term; or (b)b) part of a portfolio of identified financial instruments that are managed together and for which there is evidence of a recent actual pattern of short-term profit-taking.

The trading portfolio includes non-derivative financial instruments (including those with embedded derivatives) and commodities. Financial instruments which are considered derivatives in their entirety generally are presented on the balance sheet asPositive replacement values orNegative replacement values (see(refer to item 15)). The trading portfolio includes recognized assets and liabilities relating to proprietary, hedgingpropriety-, hedging- and client relatedclient-related business (refer to Note 1112 for more details).

Trading portfolio assets include debt instruments (including those in the form of securities, money market paper and traded corporate and bank loans); equity instruments, assets held under unit-linked contracts and precious metals and other commodities owned by the Group (“long” positions). Trading portfolio liabilities include obligations to deliver financial instruments such as debt and equity instruments which the Group has sold to third parties, but does not own (“short” positions).

Assets and liabilities in the trading portfolio are measured at fair value. Gains and losses realized on disposal or redemption of these assets and liabilities and unrealized gains and losses from changes in the fair value of these assets and liabilities are reported as Net trading income. Interest and dividend income and expense on these assets and liabilities are included inInterest and dividend income orInterest and dividend expenseexpense..

    The Group uses settlement date accounting when recognizing assets and liabilities in the trading portfolio. From the date a purchase transaction is entered into (trade date) until settlement date, UBS recognizes any unrealized profits and losses arising from re-measuringremeasuring the transaction to fair value inNet trading income. The corresponding receivable or payable is presented on

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the balance sheet as aPositive replacement valueorNegative replacement value,, respectively. respectively. On settlement date, the resulting financial asset is recognized on the balance sheet at the fair value of the consideration given or received plus or minus the change in fair value of the contract since the trade date. From the trade date of a sales transaction, unrealized profits and losses are no longer recognized and, on settlement date, the asset is derecognized on settlement date.derecognized.

Trading portfolio assets transferred to external parties that do not qualify for derecognition (see(refer to item 5)) and where the transferee has obtained the right to sell or re-pledge the assets are

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Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

classified on the UBS balance sheet asTrading portfolioassetsand identified asTrading portfolio assets pledged as collateral. Such assets continue to be measured at fair value.

8) Financial assets and Financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss (“Fair Value Option”)

A financial instrument may only be designated at fair value through profit or loss only at inception and this designation cannot be changed subsequently. Financial assets (refer to Note 12)13) and financial liabilities (refer to Note 19)20) designated at fair value are presented on separate lines on the face of the balance sheet. There are restrictions as to when the fair value option can be applied. The conditions for applying the fair value option are met when:

 

the financial instrument is a hybrid instrument which includes an embedded derivative; or

 

the financial instrument is part of a portfolio which is risk managed on a fair value basis and reported to senior management on that basis; or

 

the application of the fair value option reduceseliminates or eliminatessignificantly reduces an accounting mismatch that would otherwise arise.

UBS has used the fair value option to designate most of its issued hybrid debt instruments asFinancial liabilities designated at fair valuethrough profit or loss, on the basis that such financial instruments include embedded derivatives or are managed on a fair value basis,basis. Such hybrid debt instruments predominantly as follows:include the following:

 

Credit-linked bonds or notes: linked to the performance (coupon and / and/or redemption amount) of single names (such as a company or a country) or a basket of reference entities

 

Equity-linked bonds or notes: linked to a single stock, a basket of stocks or an equity index

 

Rates-linked bonds or notes: linked to a reference interest rate, interest rate spread or formula

The fair value option is also applied to certain loans and loan commitments, otherwise accounted for at amortized cost, which are hedged predominantly with credit derivatives. The application of the fair value option to these instrumentsthe loans and loan commitments reduces an accounting mismatch, as the credit derivatives are accounted for as derivative instruments at fair value through profit or loss.

In order to reduce an accounting mismatch, UBS has also applied the fair value option to certain structured loans and reverse repurchase and securities borrowing agreements which are part of portfolios managed on a fair value basis, andbasis.

Similarly, the fair value option is applied to assets held to hedge deferred cash-settled employee compensation awards, in order to reduce an accounting mismatch.mismatch that would arise due to the liability being measured on a fair value basis.

Fair value changes related to financial instruments designated at fair value through profit or loss are recognized inNet trading income. Interest income and interest expense on financial assets and liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss are recognized inInterest income on financial assets designated at fair value orInterest expense on financial liabilities designated at fair value, respectively (refer to Note 3).

UBS applies the same recognition and derecognition principles to financial instruments designated at fair value as to financial instruments in the trading portfolio (refer to items 5) and 7)).

9) Financial investments available-for-sale

Financial investments available-for-sale are non-derivative financial assets that are not classified as held for trading, designated at fair value through profit or loss, or loans and receivables. They are recognized on a settlement date basis.

Financial investments available-for-sale include debt securities held as part of the liquidity reserve (mainly issued by government and government-controlled institutions); strategic equity investments; certain investments in real estate funds; certain equity instruments, including private equity investments; and debt instruments and non-performing loans acquired in the secondary market.

Financial investments available-for-sale are recognized initially at fair value less direct transaction costs and are measured subsequently at fair value. Unrealized gains orand losses are reported inEquity, net of applicable income taxes, until such investments are sold, collected or otherwise disposed of, or until any such investment is determined to be impaired. Unrealized gains or losses before tax are presented separately from unrealized losses before tax in Note 13.14.

    For monetary instruments (such as debt securities), foreign exchange translation gains and losses determined by reference to the instrument’s amortized cost basis are recognized inNet trading incomeincome.. Foreign exchange translation gains and losses related to other changes in fair value are recognized inOther comprehensive incomeincome.. Foreign exchange translation gains orand losses associated with non-monetary instruments (such as equity securities) are part of the overall fair value change of the assetsinstruments and are recognized directly inOther comprehensive income. On disposal of an investment, any related accumulated unrealized gains or losses included in

Equity are transferred to theincome statement and reported inOther income; gains and losses on disposal are determined using the average cost method. Interest and dividend income on financial investments available-for-sale are includedinInterest and dividend income from financial investments available-for-saleavailable-for-sale;; interest income is determined by reference to the instrument’s amortized cost basis using the effective interest rate.rate (EIR).

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On disposal of an investment, any related accumulated unrealized gains or losses included in Equity are transferred to the Income statement and reported inOther income;gains or losses on disposal are determined using the average cost method.

At each balance sheet date, UBS assesses whether there are indicators of impairment of an available-for-sale investment. An available-for-sale investment is impaired when there is objective evidence that, as a result of one or more events that occurred after the initial recognition of the investment, the estimated future cash flows from the investment have decreased. For equity investments, aA significant or prolonged decline in the fair value of an available-for-sale equity instrument below its original cost is considered objective evidence of an impairment. In the event of a significant decline in fair value below theits original cost (e.g. 20%(20%) or sixa prolonged decline (six months) can be considered as, an objectiveimpairment is recorded unless facts and circumstances clearly indicate that this information, on its own, is not evidence of an impairment.

For debt investments, objective evidence of impairment includes significant financial difficulty for the issuer or counterparty; default or delinquency in interest or principal payments; or probability that the borrower will enter bankruptcy or financial re-organization.reorganization. If a financial investment

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available-for-sale is determined to be impaired, the related cumulative net unrealized loss previously recognized inEquity is included in the income statement withinOther income. For equity instruments, any further loss is recognized directly in the income statement, whereas for debt instruments, any further loss is recognized in the income statement only if there is additional objective evidence of impairment. After the recognition of an impairment on a financial investment available-for-sale, increases in the fair value of equity instruments are reported inEquity and increases in the fair value of debt instruments up to amortized cost in original currency are recognized inOther income, provided that the fair value increase is related to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recorded.

UBS applies the same recognition and derecognition principles to financial assets available-for-sale as to financial instruments in the trading portfolio (refer to items 5) and 7)), except that unrealized gains orand losses between trade date and settlement date are recognized inEquity rather than in the income statement.

10) Loans and receivables

Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market, not classified as held-for-trading, not designated as at fair value through profit and loss or available-for-sale, and are not assets for which the Group may not recover substantially all of its initial net investment, other than because of a credit deterioration. Financial assets classified as Loansloans and receivables include:

 

originated loans where funding is provided directly to the borrower; participation in a loan from another lender and purchased loans;

 

securities which are classified as loans and receivables at acquisition date, such as auction rate securities;

 

securities previously in the trading portfolio and reclassified to loans and receivables (refer to Note 28b)29b);

 

loans such as leverage finance loans previously in the trading portfolio and reclassified to loans and receivables (refer to Note 28b)29b).

For an overview of the accounting for financial assets accounted forclassified as loans and receivables, refer to the measurement category Financial assets at amortized cost presented in Note 28.29.

Loans and receivables are recognized when UBS becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument, which is when funding is advanced to borrowers. They are recorded initially at fair value, based on the amount givenprovided to originate or purchase the loan or receivable, together with any direct transaction costs.costs directly attributable to the acquisition. Subsequently, they are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. EIR method, less allowances for impairment (refer to item 11)).

Interest on loans and receivables is included inInterest earned on loans and advances and is recognized on an accrual basis. FeesUp-front fees and direct costs relating to loan origination, refinancing or restructuring andas well as to loan commitments are generally deferred and amortized toInterest earned on loans and advances over the life of the loan using the EIR method. Where no loan is expected to or

isbe advanced, any fees are recognized as follows: For loan commitments that are not expected to result in a loan being advanced, the fees are recognized inCredit-related fees and commissions over the commitment period.

For loan commitments that are not expected to result in a loan being advanced, the fees are recognized inCommission incomeover the commitment period.

For loan syndication fees where UBS does not retain a portion of the syndicated loan, or where UBS does retain a portion of the syndicated loan at the same effective yield for comparable risk as other participants, fees are credited toCommission income from other serviceswhen the services have been provided.

Presentation of receivables from central banks

Deposits with central banks which are available on demand are presented on the balance sheet asCash and balances with central banks.All longer dated receivables with central banks are presented underDue from banks.

Financial assets reclassified to loans and receivables

When a financial asset is reclassified from held for trading to loans and receivables, the financial asset is reclassified at its fair value on the date of reclassification. Any gain or loss recognized in the income statement before reclassification is not reversed. The fair value of a financial asset on the date of reclassification becomes its cost basis going forward. In 2008 and 2009, UBS determined that certain financial assets classified as held for trading were no longer held for the purpose of selling or repurchasing in the near term and that the Group had the intention and ability to hold these assets for the foreseeable future, considered to be a period

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of approximately twelve months from the reclassification. Therefore, these assets were reclassified from held for trading to loans and receivables. (Refer to Note 28bNotes 12 and Notes 9a and 9b)29b).

Renegotiated loans

Subject to assessment on a case-by-case basis, UBS may restructureA renegotiated loan is defined as a loan that has been subject to restructuring, or take possessionfor which additional collateral has been requested that was not contemplated in the original contract.

Typical key features of collateral. Restructuring may involve extending the payment arrangements or agreeing to new loan conditions. Once the terms have been renegotiated, any impairment is measured using the EIR as calculated before the modification of terms. Because the terms and conditions granted through renegotiation to avoid default include the provision of special interest rates, postponement of interest or amortization payments, modification of the schedule of repayments or amendment of loan werematurity. There is no change in the EIR following a renegotiation.

If a loan is renegotiated with concessionary conditions (i.e. new terms and conditions are agreed which do not meet the normal market criteria for the quality of the obligor and the type of loan) the position is still classified as non-performing and is rated as being in counterparty default. It will remain so until the loan is collected or written off and will be assessed for impairment on an individual basis.

If a loan is renegotiated on a non-concessionary basis (e.g. additional collateral is provided by the client, or new terms and conditions are agreed which meet the normal market criteria, for the quality of the obligor and the type of loan), the loan will be re-rated using the Group’s regular rating scale. In these circumstances, the loan is removed from impaired status and therefore included in our collective assessment of loan loss allowances. For the purposes of measuring credit losses, within the collective loan loss assessment these loans are not considered as past due.segregated from other loans which have not been renegotiated. Management continuouslyregularly reviews renegotiatedall loans to ensure that all criteria areaccording to the loan agreement continue to be met and that future payments are likely to occur. The loans continue

A restructuring of a loan could lead to be subject to impairment assessment, calculated usinga fundamental change in the loan’sterms and conditions of a loan resulting in the original EIR. loan being derecognized and a new loan being recognized. A change is considered fundamental if the present value of the contractual cash flows (as a proportion of notional) have been changed by 10% or more, or there has been a significant change in the risk profile of the instrument.

If a loan has a variable interest rate,is derecognized in these circumstances, the discount ratenew loan is measured at fair value at initial recognition. Any allowance taken to date against the original loan is eliminated and is not attributed to the new loan. Consequently, the new loan is not considered impaired and is included within the general collective loan assessment for the purpose of measuring any impairment loss is the current EIR.credit losses.

11) Allowances and provisions for credit losses

An allowance or provision for credit losses is established if there is objective evidence that the Group will be unable to collect all amounts due (or the equivalent value)value thereof) on a claim according tobased on the original contractual terms (refer to Note 9b). A “claim”

means a loan or receivable carried at amortized cost, or a commitment such as a letter of credit, a guarantee, or another similar instrument. Objective evidence of impairment includes significant financial difficulty for the issuer or counterparty; default or delinquency in interest or principal payments; or probability that the borrower will enter bankruptcy or financial reorganization.

An allowance for credit losses is reported as a reduction of the carrying value of a claim on the balance sheet. For an off-balance sheetoff-balance-sheet item, such as a commitment, a provision for credit loss is

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reported inOther liabilities. AdditionsChanges to allowances and provisions for credit losses are recognized as aCredit loss expense.

Allowances and provisions for credit losses are evaluated at both a counterparty-specific level and collectively based on the following principles:

Counterparty-specific: A claimloan is considered impaired when management determines that it is probable that the Group will not be able to collect all amounts due (or the equivalent value) according tovalue thereof) based on the original contractual terms. Individual credit exposures are evaluated based on the borrower’s character, overall financial condition, resources and payment record; the prospects for support from any financially responsible guarantors; and, where applicable, the realizable value of any collateral. The estimated recoverable amount is the present value, using the loan’sclaim’s original EIR, of expected future cash flows including amounts that may result from restructuring or the liquidation of collateral. If a loan has a variable interest rate, the discount rate for measuring any impairment loss is the current EIR. Impairment is measured and allowances for credit losses are established forbased on the difference between the carrying amount and the estimated recoverable amount. Upon impairment, the accrual of interest income based on the original terms of the claimloan is discontinued, but thediscontinued. The increase of the present value of the impaired claimsloan due to the passage of time is reported asInterest income.

Generally all    All impaired claimsloans are reviewed and analyzed at least annually. Any subsequent changes to the amounts and timing of the expected future cash flows compared with prior estimates result in a change in the allowance for credit losses and are charged or credited toCredit loss expense/recovery.recovery. An allowance for impairment is reversed only when the credit quality has improved to such an extent that there is reasonable assurance of timely collection of principal and interest in accordance with the original contractual terms of the claim, or the equivalent value.value thereof. A write-off is made when all or part of a claim is deemed uncollectible or forgiven. Write-offs reduce the principal amount of a claim and are charged against previously established allowances for credit losses or, if no allowance has been established previously, directly toCredit loss expense/recovery.expense / recovery. Recoveries, in part or in full, of amounts previously written off are credited toCredit loss expense/recovery.expense / recovery.

A restructuring of a financial asset could result in the original loan being derecognized and a new loan being recognized. The new loan is measured at fair value at initial recognition. Any allowance taken against the original loan is removed and recognized as a write-off. If the rights existing prior to the restructuring have not been legally waived, the original gross counterparty exposure still exists, although a new loan has been recognized.

A loan is classified as non-performing when the payment of interest, principal or fees is overdue by more than 90 days and there is no firm evidence that it will be made good by later payments

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or the liquidation of collateral; when insolvency proceedings have commenced against the firm; or when obligations have been restructured on concessionary terms. Loans in arrears for 90 days are evaluated individually for impairment; however, an impairment

analysis may occur when amounts have been overdue by more than 90 days, or sooner if other objective evidence indicates that a loan may be impaired.

Collectively: All loans for which no impairment is identified at a counterparty-specific level are grouped on the basis of the bank’s internal credit grading system that considers credit risk characteristics such as asset type, industry, geographical location, collateral type, past-due status and other relevant factors, to collectively assess whether impairment exists within a portfolio. Future cash flows for a group of financial assets that are collectively evaluated for impairment are estimated on the basis of historical loss experience for assets with credit risk characteristics similar to those in the group. Historical loss experience is adjusted on the basis of current observable data to reflect the effects of current conditions of the group of financial assets on which the historical loss experience is based and to remove the effects of conditions in the historical period that do not exist currently in the portfolio. Estimates of changes in future cash flows for the group of financial assets reflect, and are directionally consistent with, changes in related observable data from year to year. The methodology and assumptions used for estimating future cash flows for the group of financial assets are reviewed regularly to reduce any differences between loss estimated and actual loss experience. Allowances from collective assessment of impairment are recognized asCredit loss expense/expense / recovery and result in an offset to the aggregated loan position. As the allowance cannot be allocated to individual loans, the loans are not considered to be impaired and interest is accrued on each loan according to its contractual terms. If objective evidence becomes available that indicates that an individual financial asset is impaired, it is removed from the group of financial assets assessed for impairment on a collective basis and is assessed separately as a counterparty-specific claim.

Reclassified securities and acquired securities carried at amortized cost:Estimated cash flows associated with financial assets reclassified from the held for trading category to loans and receivables in accordance with the requirements in item 1010) above and other similar assets acquired subsequently, are revised periodically. Adverse revisions in cash flow estimates related to credit events are recognized in profit orthe income statement asCredit loss as credit loss expenses.expense. For reclassified securities, increases in estimated future cash receipts as a result of increased recoverability are recognized as an adjustment to the EIR on the loan from the date of change (refer to Notes 9a, 9b12 and 28b)29b).

12) Securitization structures set up by UBS

UBS securitizes variouscertain financial assets, which generally resultsmostly in the saleform of sales of these assets to special purpose entities which in turn issue securities to investors. UBS applies the policies set out in item 3) in determining whether the respective special purpose entity must be consolidated

and those set out in item 5) in determining whether derecognition of transferred financial assets is appropriate. The following statements mainly apply to transfers of financial assets which qualify for derecognition.

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Gains or losses related to the sale of financial assets involving a securitization are generally recognized when the derecognition criteria are satisfied and arethe gain or loss is classified inNet trading income.income.

Interests in the securitized financial assets may be retained in the form of senior or subordinated tranches, interest-only strips or other residual interests (“retained interests”). Retained interests are primarily recorded inTrading portfolio assets and are carried at fair value. Synthetic securitization structures typically involve derivative financial instruments for which the principles set out in item 15) apply.

UBS acts as structurer and placement agent in various mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and other asset-backed securities (ABS) securitizations. In such capacity, UBS may purchase collateral on its own behalf or on behalf of customersclients during the period prior to securitization. UBS then typically sells the collateral into designated trusts upon closing of the securitization. In other securitizations, UBS may only provide financing to a designated trust in order to fund the purchase of collateral by the trust prior to securitization. UBS underwrites the offerings to investors, earning fees for its placement and structuring services. Consistent with the valuation of similar inventory, fair value of retained tranches is initially and subsequently determined using market price quotations where available or internal pricing models that utilize variables such as yield curves, prepayment speeds, default rates, loss severity, interest rate volatilities and spreads. Where possible, assumptions based on observable transactions are used to determine the fair value of retained interests, but for some interests substantially no observable information is available.

13) Securities borrowing and lending

Securities borrowing and securities lending transactions are generally entered into on a collateralized basis. In such transactions, UBS typically lendsborrows or borrowslends equity and debt securities in exchange for securities or cash collateral. Additionally, UBS borrows securities from its clients’ custody accounts in exchange for a fee. The transactions are normally conducted under standard agreements employed by financial market participants and are undertaken with counterparties subject to UBS’s normal credit risk control processes. UBS monitors on a daily basis the market value of the securities received or delivered on a daily basis and requests or provides additional collateral or returns or recalls surplus collateral in accordance with the underlying agreements.

Cash collateral received is recognized with a corresponding obligation to return it(Cash collateral on securities lent) andcash collateral delivered is derecognized and a corresponding receivable reflecting UBS’s right to receive it back is recorded(Cash collateral on securities borrowed).. The securities which have been transferred

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are not recognized on or derecognized from the balance sheet unless the risks and rewards of ownership are also transferred (see(refer to item 5)). In those transactions where UBS transfers owned securities and where the borrower is granted the right to sell or re-pledge the transferred securities, the securities are pre-

sentedpresented on the balance sheet asTrading portfolio assets,, of which: assets pledged as collateral. Securities received in a borrowing transaction are disclosed as off-balance sheetoff-balance-sheet items if UBS has the right to resell or re-pledge them, with additional disclosure for securities that UBS has actually re-sold or re-pledged (see(refer to Note 24)28). The sale of securities which is settled by delivering securities received in a borrowing or lending transaction generally triggers the recognition of a trading liability (short sale). Where securities are either received or paid in lieu of cash (“securities for securities” transactions), neither the securities received (paid) nor the obligation to return (right to receive) the securities are recognized on the balance sheet.

Interest receivable or payable for financing transactions is recognized in the income statement on an accrual basis and isrecorded asInterest income orInterest expense.

14) Repurchase and reverse repurchase transactions

Securities purchased under agreements to resell(Reverse repurchase agreements) and securities sold under agreements to repurchase(Repurchase agreements) are treated as collateralized financing transactions. Nearly all reverse repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements involve debt instruments, such as bonds, notes or money market paper. The transactions are normally conducted under standard agreements employed by financial market participants and are undertaken with counterparties subject to UBS’s normal credit risk control processes. UBS monitors on a daily basis the market value of the securities received or delivered on a daily basis and requests or provides additional collateral or returns or recalls surplus collateral in accordance with the underlying agreements.

In a reverse repurchase agreement, the cash delivered is derecognized and a corresponding receivable, including accrued interest, is recorded in the balance sheet lineReverse repurchase agreements,recognizing UBS’s right to receive the cash back. In a repurchase agreement, the cash received is recognized and a corresponding obligation, including accrued interest, is recorded in the balance sheet lineRepurchase agreements. Securities received underreverse repurchase agreements and securities delivered under repurchase agreements are not recognized on or derecognized from the balance sheet, unless the risks and rewards of ownership are obtained or transferred. In repurchase agreements where UBS transfers owned securities and where the recipient is granted the right to resell or re-pledge them, the securities are presented on the balance sheet asTrading portfolio assets, of which: assets pledged as collateral. Securities received in reverse repurchase agreements are disclosed as off-balance sheetoff-balance-sheet items if UBS has the right to resell or re-pledge them, with additional disclosure for securities that UBS has actually resold or re-pledged (see(refer to Note 24)28). Additionally, the sale of securities which is settled by delivering

securities received in reverse repurchase transactions generally triggers the recognition of a trading liability (short sale).

Interest earned on reverse repurchase agreements and interest incurred on repurchase agreements is recognized as interest income or interest expense over the life of each agreement.

The Group offsets reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements with the same counterparty, maturity, currency

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Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

and Central Securities Depository (CSD) in accordance with the relevant accounting requirements.

15) Derivative instruments and hedge accounting

Derivatives are initially recognized at fair value aton the date the derivative contract is entered into and are remeasured subsequently to fair value. The method of recognizing fair value gains or losses depends on whether derivatives are held for trading or are designated and effective as hedging instruments. If designated as hedging instruments, the method of recognizing gains or losses depends on the nature of the risk being hedged.

Derivative instruments are generally reported on the balance sheet asPositive replacement values orNegative replacement values. Derivative instruments that trade on an exchange or through a clearing house are generally classified asCash collateral receivables on derivative instruments or Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments. They are not classified within replacement values because the change in fair value of these instruments is economically settled each day through the cash payment of variation margin. Products that receive this treatment are futures contracts, 100% daily margined exchange traded options, interest rate swaps transacted with the London Clearing House and certain credit derivative contracts. Changes in the fair values of derivatives are recorded inNet trading income, unless the derivatives are designated and effective as hedging instruments in certain types of hedge accounting relationships.

Hedge accounting

The Group also uses derivative instruments as part of its asset and liability management activities to manage exposures particularly to interest rate and foreign currency risks, including exposures arising from forecast transactions. If derivative and non-derivative instruments meet certain criteria specified below, they aremay be designated as hedging instruments in hedges of the change in fair value of recognized assets or liabilities (‘(“fair value hedges’hedges”); hedges of the variability in future cash flows attributable to a recognized asset or liability, or a highly probable forecast transaction (‘transactions (“cash flow hedges’hedges”); or hedges of a net investment in a foreign operation (‘(“net investment hedges’hedges”).

At the time a financial instrument is designated in a hedge relationship, the Group formally documents the relationship between the hedging instrument(s) and hedged item(s), including the risk management objectives and strategy in undertaking the hedge transaction and the methods that will be used to assess the effectiveness of the hedging relationship. Accordingly, the Group assesses, both at the inception of the hedge and on an ongoing

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basis, whether the hedging instruments, primarily derivatives, have been “highly effective” in offsetting changes in the fair value or cash flows associated with the designated risk of the hedged items. UBS regards aA hedge asis considered highly effective if the following criteria are met: a) at inception of the hedge and throughout its life, the hedge is expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows attributable to the

hedged risk, and b) actual results of the hedge are within a range of 80% to 125%. In the case of hedging a forecast transaction,transactions, the transaction must have a high probability of occurring and must present an exposure to variations in cash flows that could ultimately affect the reported net profit or loss. The Group discontinues hedge accounting voluntarily, or when itthe Group determines that a hedging instrument is not, or has ceased to be, highly effective as a hedge; when the derivative expires or is sold, terminated or exercised; when the hedged item matures, is sold or repaid; or when a forecast transaction istransactions are no longer deemed highly probable.

Hedge ineffectiveness represents the amount by which the changes in the fair value of the hedging instrument differ from changes in the fair value of the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk, or the amount by which changes in the present value of future cash flows of the hedging instrument exceed changes (or expected changes) in the present value of future cash flows of the hedged item. Such ineffectiveness is recorded in current period earnings inNet trading incomeincome.. Interest income and expense on derivatives designated as hedging instruments in effective hedge relationships is included inNet interest incomeincome..

Fair value hedges

For qualifying fair value hedges, the change in the fair value of the hedging instrument is recognized in the income statement along with the change in the fair value of the hedged item that is attributable to the hedged risk. In fair value hedges of interest rate risk, the fair value change of the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk is reflected in the carrying value of the hedged item. For a portfolio hedge of interest rate risk, the equivalent change in fair value is reflected in a separate line withinOther assetsor Other liabilities.If the hedge accounting relationship is terminated for reasons other than the derecognition of the hedged item, the difference between the carrying value of the hedged item at that point and the value at which it would have been carried had the hedge never existed (the “unamortized fair value adjustment”) is amortized to the income statement over the remaining term until maturity.of the original hedge accounting relationship.

    For a portfolio hedge of interest rate risk, the equivalent change in fair value is reflected withinOther assets orOther liabilities. If the hedge relationship is terminated for reasons other than the derecognition of the hedged item, the amount included inOther assets orOther liabilities is amortized to the income statement over the remaining term to maturity of the hedged items.

Cash flow hedges

A fairFair value gaingains or losslosses associated with the effective portion of a derivativederivatives designated as a cash flow hedge ishedges for cash flow repricing

risk are recognized initially inEquity.Equity. When the hedged forecast cash flows that the derivative is hedging materialize, resulting in incomeaffect profit or expense, thenloss, the associated gaingains or losslosses on the hedging derivative is simultaneously transferredderivatives are reclassified fromEquity to the corresponding incomeprofit or expense line item.loss.

If a cash flow hedge for a forecasted transactiontransactions is deemed to be no longer effective, or if the hedge relationship is terminated, the cumulative gaingains or losslosses on the hedging derivativederivatives previously reported inEquity remainsremain there until the committed or forecasted transaction occurs.transactions occur. If the forecasted transaction istransactions are no longer expected to occur, the deferred gaingains or loss is transferredlosses are reclassified immediately to profit or loss.

Financial information

Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

Hedges of net investments in foreign operations

Hedges of net investments in foreign operations are accounted for similarly to cash flow hedges. Gains or losses on the hedging instrument relating to the effective portion of the hedge are recognized directly inEquity (and presented in the statement of changes in equity and statement of comprehensive income underForeign currency translation), while any gains or losses relating to the ineffective and/or undesignated portion (for example, the interest element of a forward contract) are recognized in the income statement. On disposalloss of control of the foreign operation, the cumulative value of any such gains or losses associated with the entity and recognized directly inEquity, is reclassified to the income statement.

Economic hedges which do not qualify for hedge accounting

Derivative instruments which are transacted as economic hedges but do not qualify for hedge accounting are treated in the same way as derivative instruments used for trading purposes i.e.,(i.e. realized and unrealized gains and losses are recognized inNet trading incomeincome), except that, in certain cases,for the forward points on short duration foreign exchange contracts, which are reported inNet interest income. Refer to Note 2325 for more information on “economic hedges”.

Embedded derivatives

A derivativeDerivatives may be embedded in other financial instruments (“host contracts”); for instance, the conversion feature embedded in “host contract”.convertible bond. Such combinations are known as hybrid instruments and arise predominantly from the issuance of certain structured debt instruments. TheAn embedded derivative is generally required to be separated from the host contract and accounted for as a standalone derivative instrument at fair value through profit or loss, if (a)a) the host contract is not carried at fair value with changes in fair value reported in the income statement, (b)b) the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded derivative are not closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract, and (c)c) the terms of the embedded derivative actually meetswould meet the definition of a derivative.stand-alone derivative were they contained in a separate contract. Bifurcated embedded derivatives are presented on the same balance sheet line as the host contract, and are shown in Note 28 in the “Held for trading” category, reflecting the measurement and recognition principles applied.

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Typically, UBS applies the fair value option to hybrid instruments (see(refer to item 8)), in which case bifurcation of an embedded derivative component is not required.

16) Loan commitments

Loan commitments are defined amounts (unutilized credit lines or undrawn portions of credit lines) against which customersclients can borrow money atunder defined terms and conditions.

Loan commitments that can be cancelled by UBS at any time (without giving a reason) according to their general terms and conditions, are not recognized on the balance sheet and are not included in the off balance sheetoff-balance-sheet disclosures. Upon a loan draw-downdrawdown by the counterparty, the amount of the loan is accounted for in accordance withLoans and receivables (refer to item 10)).

Irrevocable loan commitments (where UBS has no right to withdraw the loan commitment once communicated to the beneficiary, or which are revocable only due to automatic cancellation upon deterioration in a borrower’s creditworthiness) are classified into the following categories:

 

Derivative loan commitments, (loanbeing loan commitments that can be settled net in cash or by delivering or issuing another financial instrument),instrument, or ifloan commitments for which there is evidence that UBS isof selling similar loans resulting from itssimilar loan commitments before or shortly after origination (refer to item 15)).

 

Loan commitments designated at fair value through profit and loss (“Fair value option”) (refer to item 8)).

 

All other loan commitments, whichcommitments. These are not recorded in the balance sheet. However,sheet, but a provision is recognized if it is probable that a loss has been incurred and a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made (refer to item 27).made. Other loan commitments include irrevocable forward starting reverse repurchase and irrevocable securities borrowing agreements. Any increasechange in the liability relating to these other loan commitments is recorded in the income statement inCredit loss expense/ recoveryexpense / recovery.. (Refer to items 11) and 27))

17) Financial guarantee contracts

Financial guarantee contracts are contracts that require the issuer to make specified payments to reimburse the holder for an incurred loss because a specified debtor fails to make payments when due in accordance with the terms of a specified debt instrument. UBS issues such financial guarantees to banks, financial institutions and other parties on behalf of customersclients to secure loans, overdrafts and other banking facilities.

Certain written financial guarantees that are managed on a fair value basis are designated at fair value through profit or loss (refer to item 8)). Financial guarantees that are not managed on a fair value basis are initially recognized in the financial statements at fair value. Subsequent to initial recognition, these financial guarantees are measured at the higher of the amount initially recognized less cumulative amortization, and to the best estimateextent a payment

under the guarantee has become probable, the present value of the expenditure required to settle the financial obligation at the balance sheet date.expected payment. Any increasechange in the liability relating to probable expected payments resulting from guarantees is recorded in the income statement inCredit loss expense /recovery/ recovery.

18) Cash and cash equivalents

For the purposes of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents comprise balances with an original maturity of three months or less including cash, money market paper and balances with central and other banks. Refer to Note 1b for more information on our definition of cash and cash equivalents.

19) Physical commodities

Physical commodities (precious metals, base metals, energy and other commodities) held by UBS as a result of its broker-trader activities are accounted for at fair value less costs to sell and rec-

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

ognizedrecognized within theTrading portfolio assets. Changes in fair value less costs to sell are recorded inNet trading income.

20) Property and equipment

Property and equipment includes own-used properties, investment properties, leasehold improvements, IT hardware, externally purchased and internally developed software and communication and other similar equipment. With the exception of investment properties,Property and equipment is carried at cost, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, and is reviewed periodically for impairment. The useful lives of property and equipment are estimated on the basis of the economic utilization of the asset.

Classification of own-used property

Own-used property is defined as property held by the Group for use in the supply of services or for administrative purposes, whereas investment property is defined as property held to earn rental income and/or for capital appreciation. IfWhere a property of the Group includes aan own-used portion that is own-used and anotheran investment portion that is held to earn rental income or for capital appreciation, the classification is based on whether or not these portions can be sold separately. If the portions of the propertywhich can be sold separately, they are separately accounted for as own-used property and investment property. If the portions cannot be sold separately, the whole property is classified as own-used property unless the portion used by the Group is minor. The classification of property is reviewed on a regular basis to account for major changes in its usage.basis. When the use of a property changes from own-used to investment property, the property is remeasured to fair value and reclassified as investment property. Any gain arising on remeasurement is recognized in profit or loss to the extent that it reverses a previous impairment loss on the specific property, with any remaining gain recognized in other comprehensive income and presented in the revaluation reserve in equity. Any loss is recognized immediately in profit or loss. When an investment property is reclassified as own-used property, its fair value at the date of reclassification becomes its cost basis for subsequent measurement purposes.

Investment property

Investment property is carried at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in the income statement inOther income in the

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period of change. UBS uses its internal or external real estate experts to determine the fair value of investment property by applying recognized valuation techniques. In cases where prices of recent market transactions of comparable properties are available, fair value is determined by reference to these transactions. When the use of a property changes such that it is reclassified as own-used property, its fair value at the date of reclassification becomes its cost for subsequent accounting.

Leasehold improvements

Leasehold improvements are investments made to customize buildings and offices occupied under operating lease contracts

to make them suitable for thetheir intended purpose. If required, theThe present value of estimated reinstatement costs required to bring a leased property back into its original condition at the end of the lease is capitalized as part of total leasehold improvements with a corresponding liability recognized to reflect the obligation incurred. Reinstatement costs are recognized in profit and loss through depreciation of the capitalized leasehold improvements over their estimated useful lives.lives and the liability is relieved as cash payments are applied.

Property held for sale

Where UBS has decided to sell non-current assets such as property or equipment and the sale of these assets is highly probable to happen within 12twelve months, these assets are classified as non-current assets held for sale and are recorded inreclassified toOther assets.assets. Upon classification as held for sale, they are no longer depreciated and are carried at the lower of book value or fair value less cost to sell.

Software

Software development costs are capitalizedrecognized only when we are able to assess how a program generatesthe costs can be measured reliably and it is probable that future economic benefits for UBS, determine the period over which these economic benefits will accrue to UBS and track those costs that can be capitalized to determine a reliable measurement.arise. Internally generated software that meets these criteria and purchased software areis classified within IT hardware, software and communication.communication assets, together with purchased software.

Estimated useful life of property and equipment

Property and equipment is depreciated on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life as follows:

 

    
Properties, excluding land  Not exceeding 5067 years
    
Leasehold improvements  Residual lease term
but not exceeding 10 years
    
Other machines and equipment  Not exceeding 10 years
    
IT hardware, software and communication equipment  Not exceeding 5 years
    

21) Goodwill and intangible assets

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the Group’s share of net identifiable assets of the acquired entity at the date of acquisition. Goodwill is not amortized; it is tested annually for impairment and, additionally, when a reasonablean indication of impairment exists.exists at the end of each reporting period. For the purpose ofgoodwill impairment testing goodwill for impairment,purposes, UBS considers the segments as reported in Note 2aSegment reporting as separate cash-generating

units, since this is the level at which the performance of investments is reviewed and assessed by management. The recoverable amount of a segment is determined on the basis of its value in use. Refer to Note 1617 for details.

Intangible assets comprise separately identifiable intangible items arising from business combinations and certain purchased trademarks and similar items. Intangible assets are recognized at

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cost. The cost of an intangible asset acquired in a business combination is its fair value at the date of acquisition. Intangible assets with a definite useful life are amortized using the straightlinestraight-line method over their estimated useful economic life, generally not exceeding 20 years. Intangible assets with an indefinite useful life are not amortized. Generally,In nearly all cases, identified intangible assets of UBS have a definite useful life. At each balance sheet date, intangible assets are reviewed for indications of impairment or changes in estimated future benefits.impairment. If such indications exist, the intangible assets are analyzed to assess whether their carrying amount is fully recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount.

Intangible assets are classified into two categories: a) infrastructure, and b) customer relationships, contractual rights and other. Infrastructure consists of ana branch network intangible asset recognized in connection with the acquisition of PaineWebber Group, Inc. CustomerClient relationships, contractual rights and other includes mainly intangible assets for client relationships, non-compete agreements, favorable contracts, trademarks and trade names acquired in business combinations.

22) Income taxes

Income tax payable on profits is recognized as an expense based on the applicable tax laws in each jurisdiction in the period in which profits arise. The tax effects of income tax losses available for carry forward are recognized as a deferred tax asset if it is probable that future taxable profit (based on profit forecast assumptions) will be available against which those losses can be utilized.

Deferred tax assets are recognized for temporary differences that will result in deductible amounts in future periods, but only to the extent that it is probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available against which these differences can be utilized. Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the balance sheet and their amounts as measured for tax purposes, which will result in taxable amounts in future periods.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the asset will be realized or the liability will be settled based on enacted rates.

Tax assets and liabilities of the same type (current or deferred) are offset when they arise from the same tax reporting group, they relate to the same tax authority, the legal right to offset exists, and they are intended to be settled net or realized simultaneously.

 

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Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

Current and deferred taxes are recognized as income tax benefit or expense in the income statement except for current and deferred taxes recognized (i) upon the acquisition of a subsidiary, (ii) for unrealized gains or losses on financial investments available-for-sale, for changes in fair value of derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges, for remeasurements of defined benefit plans, and for certain foreign currency translations of foreign operations,

(iii) for certain tax benefits on deferred compensation awards, and (iv) for gains and losses on the sale of treasury shares. Deferred taxes recognized in a business combination (item(point (i)) are considered when determining goodwill. ItemsAmounts relating to points (ii), (iii) and (iv) are recorded inNet income recognized directly in equity.equity.

23) Debt issued

Debt issued is carried at amortized cost. In cases where, as part of the Group’s asset and liability management activity, fair value hedge accounting is applied to fixed-rate debt instruments carried at amortized cost, their carrying amount is adjusted for changes in fair value related to the hedged exposure – refer to item 15) for further details on hedge accounting. Generally,In most cases, structured notes issued are designated at fair value through profit or loss using the fair value option, on the basis that they are managed on a fair value basis and/and / or that the structured notes contain an embedded derivative – refer to item 8) for further details on the fair value option. The fair value option is not applied to certain structured notes that contain embedded derivatives that reference foreign exchange rates and precious metal prices. For these instruments, the embedded derivative component is measured on a fair value basis and the related underlying debt host component is measured on an amortized cost basis, with both components presented together withinDebt issued.issued.

All debtDebt issued and thensubsequently repurchased by UBS in relation to market making or other activities is treated as redeemed. A gain or loss on redemption is recorded inOther income depending on whether the repurchase price of the bond is lower or higher than its carrying value. A subsequent sale of own bonds in the market is treated as a reissuance of debt. Interest expense on debt instruments measured at amortized cost is included inInterest on debt issued.issued. Refer to Note 1921 for further details on debt issued.

24) Pension and other post-employment benefit plans

UBS sponsors a number of post-employment benefit plans for its employees worldwide, which include defined benefit and defined contribution pension plans, and other post-retirementpost-employment benefits such as medical and life insurance benefits.benefits that are payable after the completion of employment.

Defined benefit pension plans

Typically, definedDefined benefit pension plans definespecify an amount of pension benefit that an employee will receive, on retirement,which is usually dependent on one or more factors such as age, years of service and compensation.

The defined benefit liability recognized in the balance sheet is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the balance sheet date less the fair value of the plan assets at the balance sheet date, together with adjustments for any unrecognized actuarial gains and losses and unrecognized past service cost.date. If the fair value of the plan assets is higher than the present value of the defined benefit liability is negative (i.e., a defined benefit asset),obligation, the measurement of the resulting defined benefit asset is limited to the lower of a) the defined benefit asset and b) the total of any cumulative unrecog-

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nized net actuarial losses plus unrecognized past service cost plus the present value of economic benefits available in the form of refunds from the plan or reductions in future contributions to the plan. UBS applies the projected unit credit method to determine the present value of its defined benefit obligation andobligations, the related current service cost and, where applicable, past service cost. These amounts, which take into account the specific features of each plan including risk sharing between the employee and employer, are calculated annuallyperiodically by independent qualified actuaries. TheFurther information on the plans and the principal actuarial assumptions used are set out in Note 29.

UBS recognizes a portion of its actuarial gains and losses as income or expense if the net cumulative unrecognized actuarial gains and losses at the beginning of the reporting period are outside the corridor defined as the greater of:

a) 10% of the present value of the defined benefit obligation at that date
(before deducting the fair value of plan assets); and
b) 10% of the fair value of any plan assets at that date.

The unrecognized actuarial gains and losses exceeding the greater of these two values are recognized in the income statement over the expected average remaining working lives of the employees participating in the plans.30.

Defined contribution plans

A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which UBS pays fixed contributions into a separate entity.entity from which post-employment and other benefits are paid. UBS has no legal or constructive obligation to pay further contributions if the plan does not hold sufficient assets to pay employees the benefits relating to employee service in the current and prior periods. UBS’s contributions are expensed when the employees have rendered services in exchange for such contributions; this is generally in the year of contribution. Prepaid contributions are recognized as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in future payments is available.

Other post-retirement benefits

UBS also provides post-retirement medical and life insurance benefits to certain retirees in the US and the UK. The expected costs of these benefits are recognized over the period of employment using the same accounting methodology used for defined benefit pension plans.

25) Equity participation and other compensation plans

Equity participation plans

UBS has established several equity participation plans in the form of share plans, option plans and share-settled stock appreciation right (SAR) plans. UBS’s equity participation plans include mandatory, discretionary, and voluntary plans. UBS recognizes the fair value of share, option and SAR awards, determined at the date of grant, as compensation expense over the period that the employee is required to provide services in order to earn the award.

Awards that do not require the employee to provide future service to become entitled to the award, such as those granted to retirement eligible employees, including those employees who meet full career retirement criteria, are considered vested at the grant date. Compensation expense is fully recognized on the

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grant date, or in a period prior to the grant date if the bank can substantiate that the awardit is attributable to past service, and the amount of the award can be reasonably and reliably estimated. Such awards remain forfeitable until the legal vesting date if certain conditions are not met. ForfeitureWhere no future service is required, forfeiture events occurring after the grant date do not result in a reversal of compensation expense because the related services have been received.

Plans containing vesting conditionsrequiring future service have either a tiered vesting structure, which vest in increments over a specified period or a cliff vesting structure, which vest at the end of a specified period. Compensation expense is recognized over the service period on a tiered basis for awards that have a tiertiered vesting structure and on a straight-line basis for awards with a cliff vesting structure. Plans may contain provisions that shorten the required service period due to achievement of retirement eligibility or upon termination due to redundancy. In such instances, UBS recognizes compensation expense is recognized over the period from grant date to the retirement eligibility or redundancy date. Forfeiture of these awards that occuroccurs during the service period results in a reversal of compensation expense.

Equity-settled awardsAwards settled in UBS shares or options are classified as equity instruments. The fair value of an equity-settled award is determined at the date of grant and is not subsequently remeasured, unless its terms are modified such that the fair value immediately after modification exceeds the fair value immediately prior to modification. Any increase in fair value resulting from a modification is recognized as compensation expense, either over the remaining service period or, immediately for vested awards.awards, immediately.

Cash-settled awards are classified as liabilities and are remeasured to fair value at each balance sheet date as long as the award is outstanding. DecreasesChanges in fair value reduceare reflected in compensation expense and, on a cumulative basis, no compensation expense is recognized for awards that expire worthless or remain unexercised.

Details of the determination of fair value offor equity participation plans are disclosed in Note 30d).31.

Other compensation plans

UBS has established other fixed and variable deferred compensation plans, the valuevalues of which isare not linked to UBS’s own equity. UBS’s deferredDeferred cash compensation plans are either mandatory or discretionary plans. Deferred compensation plans and include awards based on a notional cash amount, where ultimate payout is fixed or may vary based on achievement of performance conditions. UBS recognizes compensationCompensation expense is recognized over the period that the employee is required to provide services in order to earn the award. If the employee is not required to provide future services, such as for awards granted to employees who are retirement eligible, including those employees who meet full career retirement criteria, compensation expense is recognized on or prior to the grant date. The amount recognized during the service period is based on an estimate of the amount the bank expectsexpected to pay-outbe paid out under the plan, such that cumulative expense recognized ultimately equals the cash distributed to employees. UBS alsoFor awards de-

Financial information

Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

ferred compensation plans in the form of alternative investment

vehicles (AIVs). The grant date fairor similar structures, which provide employees with a payout based on the value for AIVsof specified underlying assets, the initial value is based on the fair value on the grant date of the underlying assets (i.e.,(e.g. money market funds, UBS and non-UBS mutual funds and other UBS-sponsored funds) and. This initial value is subsequently markedrecognized over the period that the employee provides service to marketbecome entitled to the award. These awards are remeasured to fair value at each reporting date until the award is distributed. Changes in fair value, including increases and decreases in value, are recognized proportionate to the elapsed service period. Forfeiture of these awards results in the reversal of expense. Refer to Note 30 for further details on equity participation and other compensation plans.expense.

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Refer to “Note 31 Equity participation and other compensation plans” for more information

26) Amounts due under unit-linked investment contracts

UBS’s financialFinancial liabilities from unit-linked investment contracts are presented asOther liabilities on the balance sheet (refer to Note 20) on the balance sheet.22). These contracts allow investors to invest in a pool of assets through issued investment units issued by a UBS subsidiary.units. The unit holders receive all rewards and bear all risks associated with the reference asset pool. The financial liability represents the amountamounts due to unit holders and is equal to the fair value of the reference asset pool.

Assets held under unit-linked investment contracts are presented asTrading portfolio assets.assets Refer(refer to Note 11.12).

27) Provisions

Provisions are liabilities of uncertain timing or amount, and are recognized when UBS has a present obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made.

The majority of UBS’s provisions relate to litigation, regulatory and similar matters, restructuring costs, employee benefits, real estate and loan commitments and guarantees. Provisions that are similar in nature are aggregated to form a class, while the remaining provisions, including those of less significant amounts, are presented underOther provisions. Provisions are presented separately on the balance sheet and, when they are no longer uncertain in timing or amount, are reclassified toOther liabilities-Other(refer to Note 22).

The Group recognizes provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters when, in the opinion of management after seeking legal advice, it is more likely than not that the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required, to settle or discharge the obligation and the amount can be reliably estimated. Provisions for restructuring

    Restructuring provisions are recognized when UBS has approved a detailed and formal restructuring plan and also has raisedbeen approved and a valid expectation ofhas been raised that the restructuring will be carried out, either through commencement of the plan or announcements to the affected employees.

When

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Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

Provisions are recognized for lease contracts if the unavoidable costs of a provision is recognized, its amount needscontract exceed the benefits expected to be estimated asreceived under it (onerous lease contracts). For example, this may occur when a significant portion of leased property is expected to be vacant for an extended period.

Provisions for employee benefits are recognized mainly in respect of service anniversaries and sabbatical leave.

Provisions are recognized at the exact amountbest estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation is generally unknown. The estimate isat the balance sheet date. Such estimates are based on all available information and reflects the amount that in management’s opinion represents the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle or discharge the obligation. UBS revises existing provisions up or downare revised over time as soon as it is able to quantify the amounts more accurately.information becomes available. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted and measured at the present value of the expenditure expected to settle or discharge the obligation, using a rate that reflects the current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the obligation.

    The majority of UBS’s provisions relate to operational risks, litigation and regulatory matters, restructuring costs and provisions for loan commitments and guarantees. Provisions are reflected underOther liabilities on the balance sheet. A provision is not recognized but a contingent liability is disclosed, when it has yet to be confirmed whether UBS has a present obligation as a result ofthat has arisen from past events; whenevents but it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle it, or discharge a present obligation, or when a sufficiently reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation cannot be made. ReferInstead, a contingent liability is disclosed. Contingent liabilities are also disclosed for possible obligations that arise from past events whose existence will be confirmed only by uncertain future events not wholly within the control of UBS (refer to Note 21.23).

28) Equity, treasury shares and contracts on UBS AG shares

Transaction costs related to share issuances

Incremental transaction costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or contracts with mandatory gross physical settlement classified as equity instruments are recognized in and deducted from Equity as “Transaction costs related to share issuances, net of tax” and are deducted fromEquity..

Non-controlling interests

Net profit andEquity are presented including non-controlling interests.Net profit is split intoNet profit attributable to UBS shareholders andNet profit attributable to non-controlling interests. Equityis split intoEquity attributable to UBS shareholders andEquity attributable to non-controlling interests.

UBS AG shares held (“treasury shares”)

UBS AG shares held by the Group are presented inEquity as Treasury shares at their acquisition cost which includes transaction costs. Treasury shares are deducted fromEquity until they are cancelled or reissued. The difference between the proceeds from sales of Treasury shares and their weighted average cost (net of tax, if any) is reported asShare premium.

Contracts with netNet cash settlement or net cash settlement optioncontracts

Contracts on UBS AG shares that require net cash settlement, or provide the counterparty or UBS with a settlement option which includes a choice of settling net in cash, are classified as held for

trading, instruments, with changes in fair value reported in the income statement asNet trading income.

Contracts with mandatory gross physical settlement (except for written put options and forward share purchase contracts)

Contracts that requireUBS issues contracts with mandatory gross physical settlement in UBS AG shares are presented inEquity asShare premium (providedwhere a fixed amount of shares is exchanged against a fixed amount of cash or another financial asset)asset.

Written put options and forward share purchase contracts with gross physical settlement, including contracts where gross physical settlement is a settlement alternative, result in the recognition of a financial liability booked againstEquity. The financial liability is subsequently accreted, using the EIR method, over the life of the contract to the nominal purchase obligation with the amount recognized inInterest expense. Upon settlement of the contract, the liability is derecognized against the consideration paid, and the amount of equity originally recognized as a liability is reclassified withinEquity toTreasuryshares. The premium received for writing such put options is recognized directly inShare premium. All other contracts with mandatory gross physical settlement in UBS AG shares are presented inEquity asShare premium and accounted for at cost, which is added to or deducted fromEquity as appropriate. Upon settlement of such contracts, the difference between the proceeds received and their cost (net of tax, if any) is reported asShare premium.

Written put options and forward share purchase contracts with gross physical settlement

Written put options and forward share purchase contracts with gross physical settlement, including contracts where gross physical settlement is a settlement alternative, result in the recognition of a financial liability booked againstEquity. At the inception of the contract, the present value of the obligation to purchase own shares in exchange for cash is transferred out ofEquity and recognized as a liability. The liability is subsequently accreted, using the EIR method, over the life of the contract to the nominal purchase obligation by recognizing interest expense. Upon settlement of

309


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

the contract, the liability is derecognized, and the amount of equity originally recognized as a liability is reclassified withinEquity toTreasury shares. The premium received for writing put options is recognized directly inShare premium.

Trust preferred securities issued

UBS has issued trust preferred securities through consolidated preferred funding trusts which hold debt or equity issued by UBS.UBS AG. UBS AG has fully and unconditionally guaranteed all ofcontractual payments on these securities. UBS’s obligations under these guarantees are subordinated to the full prior payment of the deposit liabilities of UBS and all other liabilities of UBS. The trust preferred securities represent equity instruments which are held by third parties and treated as non-controlling interests in UBS’s consolidated financial statements. Once a coupon payment becomes mandatory, i.e., when it is triggered by a contractually defined event, the full dividend payment obligation on these trust preferred securities issued is reclassified fromEquity to a corresponding liability. In the income statement the full dividend payment is reclassified fromNet profit attributable to UBS shareholders toUBS shareholders to Net profit attributable to non-controlling interests at that time.

29) Discontinued operations and non-current assets held for sale

UBS presents discontinued operations in a separate line in the income statement if an entity or a component of an entity has been disposed of or is classified as held for sale and a) represents a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations, b) is part of a single coordinated plan to dispose of a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations, or c) is a subsidiary acquired exclusively with a view to resale (e.g. certain private equity investments). Net profit from discontinued

344


Financial information

Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

operations includes the net total of operating profit and loss before tax from discontinued operations (including net gain or loss on sale before tax or measurement to fair value less costs to sell) and discontinued operations tax expense. A component of an entity comprises operations and cash flows that can be clearly distinguished, operationally and for financial reporting purposes, from the rest of UBS’s operations and cash flows. If an entity or a component of an entity is classified as a discontinued operation, UBS restates prior periods in the income statement.

UBS classifies individual non-current non-financial assets and disposal groups as held for sale if such assets or disposal groups are available for immediate sale in their present condition subject to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such assets or disposal groups and their sale is considered highly probable. For a sale to be highly probable, management must be committed to a plan to sell such assets and must be actively looking for a buyer. Furthermore, the assets must be actively marketed at a reasonable sales price in relation to their fair value and the sale must be expected to be completed within one year. These assets (and liabilities in the case of disposal groups) are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell and are presented inOther assets andOther liabilities (see Notes 17 and 20). Non-current assets and liabilities of subsidiaries are classified as “heldheld for sale”sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use.

    UBS presents discontinued operations in a separate line in the income statement if an entity or a component of an entity has been disposed of or is classified as held for sale and a) represents a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations, b) is part of a single coordinated plan to dispose of a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations, or c) is a subsidiary acquired exclusively with a view to resale (e.g. certain private equity investments). Net profit from discontinued operations includes the net total of operating profit and loss before tax from discontinued operations (including net gain or loss on sale before tax or measurement to fair value less costs to sell) and discontinued operations tax expense. A component of an entity comprises operations and cash flows that can be clearly distinguished, operationally and for financial reporting purposes, from the rest of UBS’s operations

and cash flows. If an entity or a component of an entity is classified as a discontinued operation, UBS restates prior periods in the income statement. Refer to Note 36 for further details.

30) Leasing

UBS enters into lease contracts, or contracts that include lease components, predominantly of premises and equipment, primarily as a lessorlessee. Leases that transfer substantially all the risks and a lessee. The terms and conditionsrewards incidental to the ownership of these contractsassets, but not necessarily legal title, are assessed and theclassified as finance leases. All other leases are classified as operating leases orleases.

Assets leased pursuant to finance leases according to their economic substance. When making such an assessment, the Group focusesare recognized on the following aspects: a) transferbalance sheet inProperty and equipment and are amortized over the lesser of ownershipthe useful life of the asset or the lease term, with corresponding amounts payable included inDue to banks / customers. Finance charges payable are recognized inNet interest income over the lessee at the endperiod of the lease term; b) existencebased on the interest rate implicit in the lease on the basis of a bargain purchase option held by the lessee; c) whether the lease term is for the major part of the economic life of the asset; d) whether the present value of the minimum lease payments is substantially equal to the fair value of the leased asset at inception of the lease term; and e) whether the asset is of a specialized nature that only the lessee can use without major modifications being made. If one or more of the conditions are met, the lease is generally classified as a finance lease, while the non-existence of such conditions normally leads to a classification as an operating lease.constant yield.

Lease contracts classified as operating leases where UBS is the lessee are disclosed in Note 25.26. These contracts include non-cancellable long-term leases of office buildings in most UBS locations. Operating lease rentals payable are recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term, which commences when the lessee controlswith control of the physical use of the property. Lease incentives are treated as a reduction of rental expense and are also recognized on a consistent basis over the lease term on a straight-line basis.term.

Certain arrangements do not take the legal form of a lease but convey a right to use an asset in return for a payment or series of payments. For such arrangements, UBS determines at the inception date of the arrangement whether the fulfillment of the arrangement

is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets. If the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset,assets and, if so, the arrangement is accounted for as a lease.

When UBS enters into contractual arrangements which are not considered leases in their entirety, but which include lease elements, then the general lease requirements are applied to the lease element of the arrangement.

Lease contracts classified as operating leases where UBS is the lessor, and finance lease contracts where UBS is the lessor or the lessee, are not material.

    UBS recognizes provisions for premises leases if the unavoidable costs of a contract exceed the benefits to be received under it (onerous lease contracts). This may occur, for instance, when a significant portion of a rental space is expected to be vacant for an extended period.

31) Fee income

UBS earns fee income from a diverse range of services it provides to its clients. Fee income can be divided into two broad categories:

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Financial information

Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

fees earned from services that are provided over a certain period of time (for example, investment fund fees, portfolio management and advisory fees) and fees earned from providing transaction-type services.services (for example, underwriting fees, corporate finance fees and brokerage fees). Fees earned from services that are provided over a certain period of time are recognized ratably over the service period, with the exception of performance-linked fees or fee components with specific performance criteria, whichcriteria. Such fees are recognized when the performance criteria are fulfilled.fulfilled and when collectability is reasonably assured. Fees earned from providing transaction-type services are recognized when the service has been completed.

Loan commitment fees on lending arrangements, where there is an initial expectation that the facility will be drawn down, are deferred until the loan is drawn down and are then recognized as an adjustment to the effective yield over the life of the loan. If the commitment expires and the loan is not drawn down, the fees are recognized as revenue when the commitment expires.

The following fee income Where the initial expectation that the facility will be drawn down is earned predominantly from services thatremote, the loan commitment fees are providedrecognized on a straight line basis over a periodthe commitment period. If, subsequently, the commitment is actually exercised, the unamortized component of time: investment fundthe loan commitment fees portfolio management and advisory fees, insurance-related fees and credit-related fees. Fees earned predominantly from providing transaction-type services include underwriting fees, corporate finance fees and brokerage fees.are amortized as an adjustment to the effective yield over the life of the loan.

32) Foreign currency translation

Transactions denominated in foreign currency are translated into the functional currency of the reporting unit at the spot exchange rate on the date of the transaction. At the balance sheet date, all monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency except for non-monetary items, are translated to the functional currency using the closing exchange rate. Non-monetary items measured at historical cost are translated at the exchange rate on the date of the transaction. Generally, resulting foreign exchange differences are recognized inNet trading income.Foreign exchange differences from non-monetaryon financial investments available-for-sale are recorded directly inEquity until the asset is sold or becomes impaired, unlesswith the non-monetaryexception of translation differences on the amortized cost of monetary financial investment is subject to a fair value hedge of foreign exchange risk, ininvestments available-for-sale which case changes in fair value attributable to the hedged risk are reported inNet trading income.income,along withallother foreign exchange differencesonmonetary assetsandliabilities.

Upon consolidation, assets and liabilities of foreign operations are translated into Swiss francs (CHF) – UBS’s presentation currency – at the closing exchange rate on the balance sheet date, and income and expense items are translated at the average rate for the period. DifferencesThe resulting from the use of differentforeign exchange ratesdifferences are recognized directly inForeign currencytranslation withinEquity.

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Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

When a foreign operation is disposed of such that control, significant influence or joint control is lost, or the operation is liquidated, the cumulative amount inForeign currency translationwithinEquityrelated to that foreign operation attributable to UBS is reclassified to profit or loss as part of the gain or loss on disposal. When UBS disposes of a portion of its interest in a subsidiary that includes a foreign operation without losingbut retains control, the related portion of the cumulative currency translation balance is reattributedreclassified to non-controllingNon-controlling interests. When UBS disposes of a portion of its investment in an associate or joint venture that includes a foreign operation while retaining signif-

icantsignificant influence or joint control, the related portion of the cumulative currency translation balance is reclassified to profit or loss.

33) Earnings per share (EPS)

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period.

Diluted earnings per share are calculated using the same method as for basic EPS and adjusting the net profit or loss for the period attributable to ordinary shareholders and the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding to reflect the potential dilution that could occur if options, warrants, convertible debt securities or other contracts to issue ordinary shares were converted or exercised into ordinary shares.

34) Segment reporting

UBS’s businesses are organized on a worldwide basisglobally into fourfive business divisions: Wealth Management, & Swiss Bank, Wealth Management Americas, the Investment Bank, Global Asset Management and the Investment Bank,Retail & Corporate, supported by the Corporate Center.

For The five business divisions qualify as reportable segments for the purpose of segment reporting the business division Wealth Management & Swiss Bank is split into two separate reportable segments, namely; Wealth Management and, Retail & Corporate. The five reportable segments, together with the Corporate Center and its components, reflect the internal management structure of the Group. Additionally, Legacy Portfolio and responsibilities.Core Functions are disclosed separately under the Corporate Center. Legacy Portfolio meets the definition of an operating segment and is disclosed as a reportable segment. Financial information about the five reportable segmentsbusiness divisions and the Corporate Center (with its components) is presented separately in the internal management reportreports to the Group Executive Board, (consideredwhich is considered the “chief operating decision maker” within the context of IFRS 8Operating Segments).

    The Corporate Center is not considered an operating segment under IFRS 8Operating Segments.It includes predominantly the results of treasury activities, e.g., from the management of structural foreign exchange risks and interest rate risks, residual operating expenses such as those associated with the functioning of the Group Executive Board and the Board of Directors, other costs related to organizational management, as well as a limited number of specifically defined items. These items include UBS’s option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity and expenses such as capital taxes. As

Fee arrangements between the Corporate Center agrees flat fees to be charged to– Core Functions and the business divisions,reportable segments are adjusted on a periodic basis there will beand differences may arise between actual costs incurred and those

amounts recharged. All other costs incurred byThese differences, together with own credit gains and losses on financial liabilities designated at fair value which are excluded from the measurement of performance of the business divisions, are considered reconciling differences to UBS Group results and are reported collectively under Corporate Center related to shared services and control functions like risk control, finance, legal and compliance, communications and branding, human resources, information technology, real estate, procurement, corporate development and service centers are charged out to– Core Functions. To increase transparency, the reportable segments based on internal accounting policies. The costs of shared services and control functions managed by thefrom Corporate Center – Core Functions are allocated to the direct cost lines of personnel expenses, general and administrative expenses and depreciation in the respective reportable segment income statements, based on in-

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

ternallyinternally determined allocations.allocation bases. UBS’s internal accounting policies, which include management accounting policies and service level agreements, determine the revenues and expenses directly attributable to each reportable segment. Internal charges and transfer pricing adjustments are reflected in operating results of the reportable segment performances.segments.

Revenue-sharing agreements are used to allocate external client revenues to reportable segments. Duesegments where several reportable segments are involved in the value-creation chain. Commissions are credited to the present arrangement of revenue-sharing agreements,reportable segments based on the total inter-segment revenues for UBS are not considered material.corresponding client relationship.

Net interest income is allocated to the reportable segments based on their balance sheet positions. Assets and liabilities of the reportable segments are funded through and invested with the treasury departments located in each business division. The treasury departments are supported by Group Treasury, in the Corporate Center, withand the net interest margin is reflected in the results of each reportable segment. The Corporate Center transfers interestInterest income earned from managing UBS’s consolidated equity backis allocated to the reportable segments based on average attributed equity.

Commissions are credited to the reportable segments based on the corresponding client relationship. Revenue-sharing agree-

ments are used for the allocation of customer revenues where several reportable segments are involved in the value-creation chain.

In line with internal management reporting, segment assets are reported without intercompany balances on a third-party view basis. Refer to Note 2a “Segment reporting” for further details. For the purpose of segment reporting under IFRS 8, the non-current assets consist of investments in associates and joint ventures, goodwill, other intangible assets and plant, property and equipment.

35) Netting

UBS nets financial assets and liabilities on its balance sheet if it has a currently enforceable legal right to set off the recognized amounts and intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. Netted positions include:include, for example, OTC interest rate swaps (IRS) transacted with the London Clearing House, netted by currency and across maturity dates, and repurchase and reverse repurchase transactions entered into with the both the London Clearing House and the Fixed Income Clearing Corporation, netted by counterparty, currency, central securities depository (CSD) and maturity.maturity, as well as transactions with various other counterparties, exchanges and clearinghouses.

 

346


Financial information

Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

 

b) Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments

 

 

Effective in 20112012

Interests in consolidated investment fundsIAS 19 (revised) Employee Benefits

In June 2011, the IASB issued revisions to IAS 19Employee Benefits (“IAS 19R” or “the revised standard”). During 2012, UBS changed its accounting policy for investmentsadopted IAS 19R retrospectively in consolidated investment funds that are not considered equity instruments as definedaccordance with the transitional provisions set out in the standard. The revised standard introduces changes to the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of post-employment benefits. IAS 32. Effective 2011, foreign currency19R eliminates the “corridor method”, under which the recognition of actuarial gains and losses from translationwas deferred. Instead, the full defined benefit obligation net of our investments in such funds areplan assets is now recorded in the income statement on the basis that the investment interests are financial liabilitiesbalance sheet, with changes resulting from remeasurements recognized immediately in other comprehensive income. The measurement of the consolidated investment fund. Previously, foreign currency translation gainsdefined benefit obligation takes into account risk sharing features, such as those within our Swiss pension plan. In addition, IAS 19R requires net interest expense / income to be calculated as

the product of the net defined benefit liability / asset and losses from these investments were presented inForeign currency translation withinOther comprehensive incomethe discount rate as determined at the beginning of the year. The effect of this is to remove the previous concept of recognizing an expected return on the basis that the investment interests represented a right to the residual assets and were therefore previously considered non-monetary items.

plan assets. The revised accounting policy is consideredstandard also enhances the disclosure requirements for defined benefit plans, requiring more relevantinformation about the characteristics of such plans and the risks to which entities are exposed through participation in those plans, as it better aligns the treatment of the foreign currency differences arising on the investmentsset out in the subsidiaries with the treatment of the investment interests.Note 30.

    This change in accounting policy was applied retrospectively, resulting in an adjustment to theThe opening balance sheet as of 1 January 2009.Foreign currency translation withinCumulative net income recognized directly2010 and the comparative figures have been presented as if IAS 19R had always been applied. The effect of adoption on prior periods is shown in the tables below. Had UBS not adopted IAS 19R, total equity net of taxwas debitedwould have been higher by CHF 1593,948 million as of 31 December 2012, the amounts in other comprehensive income would not have been recognized, andRetained earnings was credited by for the year ended 31 December 2012 profit before tax would have been CHF 159320 million with a corresponding impactlower and basic and diluted earnings per share would have been CHF 0.08 lower.

Effect on total comprehensive income

 

 

  Effect on the income statement  Effect on other comprehensive income 

CHF million

  

Personnel

expenses

   

Tax expense /

(benefit)

  

Net

profit /

(loss)

  

Gains /(losses)

on defined

benefit plans,

before tax

  

Income tax

relating to

gains /losses

on defined

benefit plans

  

Foreign

currency

translation

movements,

before tax

  

Income tax

relating to

foreign

currency

translation

movements

  

Other

comprehensive

income

  

Total

comprehensive

income

 
Amount previously reported for the year 2010   16,920     (381  7,838    0    0    (951  121    (1,354  6,484  
                                       
Change in reported figures for the year   111     (29  (82  124    (3  211    (33  299    217  
                                       
Restated amount for the year 2010   17,031     (409  7,756    124    (3  (740  88    (1,055  6,701  
                                       
Amount previously reported for the year 2011   15,591     923    4,427    0    0    995    (6  3,030    7,457  
                                       
Change in reported figures for the year   43     (22  (21  (2,141  321    (10  26    (1,804  (1,825
                                       
Restated amount for the year 2011   15,634     901    4,406    (2,141  321    985    20    1,226    5,632  
                                       

Effect on earnings per share

 

 

  Basic earnings per share   Diluted earnings per share 

CHF

  

As originally

reported

   

Effect on basic

earnings per share

  

Restated basic

earnings per share

   

As originally

reported

   

Effect on diluted

earnings per share

  

Restated diluted

earnings per share

 
For the year ended 31 December 2010   1.99     (0.02  1.97     1.96     (0.02  1.94  
                             
For the year ended 31 December 2011   1.10     0.00    1.10     1.08     0.00    1.08  
                             

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Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

Effect on the balance sheet

 
CHF million  Other assets  

Deferred

tax assets

  Other liabilities1  Total equity 
Balance previously reported as of 31 December 2009 / 1 January 2010   23,682    8,868    69,943    48,633  
                  
Cumulative effect for prior periods   (3,040  741    1,010    (3,309
                  
Restated balance as of 31 December 2009 / 1 January 2010   20,642    9,609    70,954    45,324  
                  
Balance previously reported as of 31 December 2010   22,681    9,522    62,015    51,863  
                  
Cumulative effect for prior periods   (3,040  741    1,010    (3,309
                  
Change in reported figures for the year   (134  (1  (352  217  
                  
Restated balance as of 31 December 2010   19,506    10,262    62,674    48,770  
                  
Balance previously reported as of 31 December 2011   12,465    8,526    60,066    57,852  
                  
Cumulative effect for prior periods   (3,174  740    658    (3,092
                  
Change in reported figures for the year   (126  361    2,060    (1,825
                  
Restated balance as of 31 December 2011   9,165    9,627    62,784    52,935  
                  

1 “Balances previously reported” differ from those originally published in annual reports as provisions are now separately presented on the statementbalance sheet and no longer as part of changesother liabilities.

Effect on personnel expense by business division and Corporate Center1

 

CHF million

  

Wealth

Management

   

Wealth

Management

Americas

  

Investment

Bank

  

Global Asset

Management

  

Retail &

Corporate

   

Corporate

Center

   

UBS Group

 
Amount previously reported for the year 2010   3,153     4,225    6,623    1,096    1,625     197     16,920  
                                 
Change in reported figures for the year   75     (9  (18  1    62     0     111  
                                 
Restated amount for the year 2010   3,228     4,216    6,605    1,097    1,687     197     17,031  
                                 
Amount previously reported for the year 2011   3,258     3,840    5,740    955    1,666     132     15,591  
                                 
Change in reported figures for the year   43     (10  (24  (2  35     0     43  
                                 
Restated amount for the year 2011   3,300     3,830    5,716    954    1,702     132     15,634  
                                 

1 “Amounts previously reported” differ from those originally published in equity. There was no impactannual reports (for example due to organizational changes) as provisions are now separately presented on the reported net profitbalance sheet and no longer as part of 2009, 2010 and 2011.Other liabilities.

Interests in non-consolidated investment funds

In connection with the above change in accounting policy, the classification of investments in non-consolidated funds in Note 11

Trading portfolio and Note 13Amendments to IFRS 7 Financial investments available-for-sale has been amended to align to the criteria in IAS 32Financial Instruments: Presentation. The reclassification of these interests from equity instruments to debt instruments has no impact on UBS’s income statement and balance sheet. Prior periods in Note 11 and Note 13 have been restated accordingly.

Capitalization of internally generated software

Following the approval of a new long-term IT investment plan, in the third quarter 2011 UBS reviewed the capitalization practice for internally generated computer software. As a result of this review, UBS implemented a process whereby UBS improved the ability to assess how software programs generate future economic benefits for UBS, determine the period over which these economic benefits will accrue to UBS, and track the capitalizable costs associated with the various programs to determine a reliable measurement of an amortizable asset. The change has been applied prospectively and led to capitalizing additional computer software development costs of CHF 106 million in the second half of 2011.

Presentation of redemption of preferred securitiesinstruments: Disclosures

In October 2010, the third quarterIASB issued revised IFRS 7Financial Instruments: Disclosures to provide additional disclosures regarding transfers of 2010, financial assets, including those transfers in which an entity retains a continuing interest in the transferred asset(s) at the reporting date. The amendments are intended to allow users of financial statements to improve their understanding of transfer transactions of financial assets, including understanding the possible effects of any risks that may remain with the entity that transferred the assets. The effective date for mandatory adoption is for annual periods beginning on or after July 2011, with early adoption permitted.

UBS redeemed trust preferred securitiesadopted the revisions to IFRS 7 as of USD 1.5 billion classified as non-controlling interests, which had accumulated foreign currency translation (FCT) losses of CHF 1,093 million. At1 January 2012 in accordance with the timetransitional provisions set out in the standard, and these disclosures are reflected in Note 28 of the redemption,financial statements. In conjunction with the reversalimplementation of these accumulated FCT losses wasthe revised standard, the Group has refined its definition of the term “transfer” for disclosure purposes to exclude pledges and similar arrangements where the counterparty does not receive rights to

sell or re-pledge the financial asset. As a result, the comparative 2011 figures have been restated for transferred financial assets in Note 28b from CHF 118.5 billion to CHF 39.9 billion.

In Notes 28a and 28d, we have modified our presentation of pledged assets in order to differentiate those which are executed in association with liabilities and contingent liabilities and those that are not. Additionally, financial assets held by the Group and reserved for purposes of securing liquidity facilities from central banks, but which are not associated with existing liabilities or contingent liabilities, have been excluded from pledged financial assets in Note 28a and 28d. As a result, the comparative figures presented in Note 28a have been restated downwards by CHF 31 billion and the comparative figures in Note 28d have been restated downwards by CHF 6 billion.

Annual Improvements to IFRSs 2009–2011

In May 2012, the IASB issued six amendments to five IFRS as part of its annual improvements project. Of these amendments, the changeamendment toPreferred securities in non-controlling interests in IAS 1 clarifies the Statement of Changes in Equity. This reversal ofrequirements for the FCT loss would have been better presented as a foreign currency translation movement within non-con-presentation

 

348


Financial information

Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

 

trolling interests within the Statement of Comprehensive Income. The change also impacts the related Preferred securities table. This was only a presentational matter within non-controlling interests on the Statement of Changes in Equity and the Statement of Comprehensive income; balance sheet and income statement lines were not affected and the equity attributable to UBS shareholders was unchanged. Comparative amounts for 2010 have been amended to reflect the improved presentation, as follows:

In the Statement of comprehensive income,Foreign currency translation movements during the year, before tax was changed by CHF 1,093 million to negative CHF 951 million for year ended 31 December 2010.Total comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests was changed by CHF 1,093 million to positive CHF 609 million for the year ended 31 December 2010.

In the non-controlling interests component of the Statement of changes in equity for the year ended 31 December 2010,Preferred securities were reduced by CHF 1,093 million and Total comprehensive income for the year recognized in equity was increased by CHF 1,093 million.

In the table on preferred securities for the year ended 31 December 2010,Redemptions were changed by CHF 1,093 million to negative CHF 2,622 million andForeign currency translation was changed by CHF 1,093 million to positive CHF 275 million.

Definition of cash and cash equivalents

For the purposes of the statement of cash flows, UBS has refined its definition of cash and cash equivalents to restrict it to balances with an original maturity of three months or less including cash, money market paper and balances with central and other banks. This refined definition is considered to result in more relevant and comparable information for the purposes of the statement of cash flows. Cash and cash equivalents have been reduced by CHF 60,888 million at 31 December 2010 and by CHF 92,105 million at 31 December 2009, to CHF 79,934 million and CHF 72,868 million, respectively, with related changes to cash flows from operating activities and investing activities. Nevertheless, the amounts now excluded from cash and cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows continue to be part of our liquidity position.

Transfer of legacy portfolio from the Investment Bank to the Corporate Center

On 30 December 2011, a portfolio of legacy assets was transferred from the Investment Bank to the Corporate Center. Together with the option to buy the equity of the SNB StabFund, UBS will report the legacy portfolio as a separate segment in the Corporate Center beginning in the first quarter of 2012, when all necessary internal reporting changes will have been put into place. Restated historical segment information will be provided prior to the publication of our first quarter 2012 financial report.

Personnel expenses

In 2011, UBS reclassified the costs related to the voluntary employee share ownership plan (Equity Plus) fromVariable compen-

sation – otherto Other personnel expenses in order to align the presentation with the FINMA definition of variable compensation. Prior periods in “Note 6 Personnel expenses” have been restated accordingly. As a result,Other personnel expenses were increased by CHF 80 million and CHF 132 million for the year ended 31 December 2010 and for the year ended 31 December 2009, respectively, with a corresponding decrease inVariable compensation – other. The change in presentation did not affect the total Personnel expenses.

Improvements to IFRS 2010

In May 2010, the IASB issued amendments to seven IFRS standards as part of its annual improvements project. UBS adopted the Improvements to IFRS 2010 on 1 January 2011. The adoption of the amendments resulted only in changes to the disclosure of maximum exposure to credit risk, as shown in Note 28c.

This is the only amendment to accounting standards that significantly impacts UBS effective 2011.

Effective in 2010 and earlier

Wealth Management & Swiss Bank reorganization

From 2010 onwards, the internal reporting of Wealth Management & Swiss Bank to the Group Executive Board was revised in order to better reflect the management structure and responsibilities. Segregated financial information is now reported for:

“Wealth Management”, encompassing all wealth management business conducted out of Switzerland and in the Asian and European booking centers;

“Retail & Corporate”, including services provided to Swiss retail private clients, small and medium enterprises and corporate and institutional clients.

In line with this revised internal reporting structure and IFRS 8Operating Segments, Wealth Management and Retail & Corporate are now presented in the external financial reports as separate business units and reportable segments. Prior periods presented have been restated to conform to the new presentation format.

Allocation of additional Corporate Center costs to reportable segments

From 2010 onwards, almost all costs incurred by the Corporate Center related to shared services and control functions are allocated to the reportable segments which directly and indirectly receive the value of the services, either based on a full cost recovery or on a periodically agreed flat fee. The allocated costs are shown in the respective expense lines of the reportable segments in Note 2a “Segment reporting”, and in the “Financial and operating performance” section of this report.

    Up to and including 2009, certain costs incurred by the Corporate Center were presented as Corporate Center expenses and not charged to the business divisions. This change in allocation

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

 

policyof comparative information when an entity presents an additional comparative period. The Group has been applied prospectively and prior year numbers have not been restated.

The incremental chargesadopted the amendment to IAS 1 in 2012, ahead of its mandatory effective date of 1 January 2013 in accordance with the transitional provisions of the standard. Accordingly, due to the business divisions made in 2010 mainly relate to control functions. If figuresadoption of IAS 19R on a retrospective basis, UBS has presented an additional comparative period for each quarter of 2009 had been presented on the basis of the allocation methodology applied for 2010, the estimated impact on operating expenses and performance before tax would have been as shown in the table below.

Equity and Other comprehensive income

In 2010, UBS reviewed certain components of its equity and made adjustments to correct immaterial misstatements that related to periods several years back. The following paragraphs describe the impacts of the changes on UBS’s financial statements as of 31 December 2010.

UBS’sForeign currency translation balance was adjusted by a credit of CHF 592 million. The adjustment increased totalOther comprehensive income by CHF 592 million and totalComprehensive income by CHF 429 million because a loss of CHF 163 million was transferred to the income statement.

In addition, UBS reclassified an amount of CHF 213 million fromEquity attributable to non-controlling interests toOther liabilities as this amount has been identified as redeemable and therefore not satisfying the criteria for an equity instrument under IFRS. Also, an amount of CHF 134 million relating to an equity participation plan was reclassified fromShare premium toOther liabilities as it was identified that the amount is not related to equity settled awards. The impact on the income statement for both items was insignificant.

Furthermore, UBS merged the balance of the balance sheet lineRevaluation reserve from step acquisitions, netas at the beginning of tax intoShare premium, resulting in an increase ofShare premium by CHF 38 million. The balance sheet as of 31 December 2009 and 2008 and the statement of changes in equity for 2009 and 2008, were adjusted accordingly.

Personnel expenses

In 2010, UBS reclassified certain elements ofOther personnel expenses toVariable compensation – other in order to align the presentation with the new FINMA definition of variable compensation.

In addition, amounts previously reported underSalaries and variable compensation were presented for the first time on the

following separate lines:Salaries, Variable compensation – discretionary bonus, Variablecompensation – otherandWealth Management Americas: Financial advisor compensation.

Furthermore, UBS reclassified the pension costs related to bonus toPension and other post-employment benefit plans.Previously, those amounts were reported underSocial security.Prior period amounts have been adjusted accordingly. The change in the presentation did not impact UBS’s personnel expenses.

Improvements to IFRS 2009

The IASB issued amendments to twelve IFRS standards as part of its annual improvements project in April 2009. UBS adopted the Improvements to IFRS 2009 on 1 January 2010. The adoption of the amendments did not have a significant impact on UBS’s financial statements.

Amendments to IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement – Eligible Hedged Items

The amendments to IAS 39 were issued in July 2008. The amendments provided additional guidance on the designation of a hedged item. The amendments clarified how the existing principles underlying hedge accounting should be applied in two particular situations: a) a one-sided risk in a hedged item and b) inflation in a financial hedged item. UBS adopted the amendments to IAS 39 on 1 January 2010. The adoption of the amendments to IAS 39 did not have a significant impact on UBS’s financial statements.

IFRS 3 Business Combinations, IAS 27 Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements, and IAS 21 The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates

In January 2008, the IASB issued the revised IFRS 3Business Combinations and amendments to IAS 27 Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements, and IAS 21The effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates.

The most significant changes under revised IFRS 3 were as follows:

Contingent consideration should be recognized at fair value as part of the consideration transferred at the acquisition date. Previously, contingent consideration was recognized if, and only if, UBS had a present obligation, the economic outflow was more likely than not and a reliable estimate was determinable.

Corporate Center cost allocation impact on 2009 figures

 

 

  Wealth Management &
Swiss Bank
   Wealth
Management
Americas
   Global Asset
Management
   Investment
Bank
   Total
business
divisions
   Corporate
Center
 
CHF million  Wealth
Management
   Retail &
Corporate
                          
Estimated increase in 2009 operating expenses and decrease in performance before tax   128     96     84     44     288     640     (640
                                    

Financial information

Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

Non-controlling interests in an acquiree that are present ownership interests and provide entitlement to a proportionate share of the net assets in the event of liquidation should either be measured at fair value or as the non-controlling interest’s proportionate share of the fair value of net identifiable assets of the entity acquired. All other components of the non-controlling interests are measured at their acquisition-date fair values. The option is available on a transaction-by-transaction basis.

Transaction costs incurred by the acquirer should be expensed as incurred.

The amendments to IAS 27 and the consequential amendments to IAS 21 required the effects (including foreign exchange translation) of all transactions with non-controlling interests to be recorded in equity if2011, but there is no change in control. The standards also specify the accounting when control is lost: any remaining interestinformation in the entity shouldnotes to the balance sheet for this additional comparative period.

The remaining amendments will be re-measured to fair value, and a gain or loss (including foreign exchange translation) should be recognized in profit or loss. The amendments to IAS 21 further clarified that no deferred foreign currency translation gains and losses are to be released upon a partial repayment of share capital of a subsidiary without a loss of control.

UBS adopted the amendments to IFRS 3, IAS 27 and IAS 21 with prospective effect on 1 January 2010. The adoption of the revised guidance did not materially impact UBS’s financial statements.

IAS 1 (revised) Presentation of Financial Statements

Effective 1 January 2009, the revised International Accounting Standard (IAS) 1 affected the presentation of owner changes in equity and of comprehensive income. UBS continued to present owner changes in equity in the “statement of changes in equity”, but detailed information relating to non-owner changes in equity, such as foreign exchange translation, cash flow hedges and financial investments available-for-sale, were presented in the “statement of comprehensive income”.

When implementing these amendments as of 1 January 2009, UBS also adjusted the format of its “statement of changes in equity” and replaced the “statement of recognized income and expense” in2013. These amendments are not expected to have a material effect on the financial statements of previous years with a “statement of comprehensive income”.

    UBS also re-assessed its accounting treatment of dividends from trust preferred securities. In line with the classification of trust preferred securities as equity instruments, UBS recognizes liabilities for the full dividend payment obligation once a coupon payment becomes mandatory, i.e., when it is triggered by a contractually determined event. In the income statement, the same amount is reclassified from net profit attributable to UBS shareholders to net profit attributable to non-controlling interests.statements.

IFRS 8 Operating Segments

Effective as of 1 January 2009, UBS adopted IFRS 8Operating Segments which replaced IAS 14Segment Reporting. Under the requirements of

the new standard, UBS’s external segmental reporting is now based on the internal management reporting to the Group Executive Board (or the “chief operating decision maker”), which makes decisions on the allocation of resources and assesses the performance of the reportable segments. Refer to item 34) and Note 2 for further details.

IFRS 7 (revised) Financial Instruments: Disclosures

This standard was revised in March 2009 when the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) published the amendment “Improving Disclosures about Financial Instruments”. Effective 1 January 2009, the amendment requires enhanced disclosures about fair value measurements and liquidity risk.

The enhanced fair value measurement disclosure requirements included: a fair value hierarchy (i.e. categorization of all financial instruments into levels 1, 2 and 3 based on the relevant definitions); significant transfers between level 1 and level 2; reconciliation of level 3 instruments at the beginning of the period to the ending balance (level 3 movement table); level 3 profit or loss for positions still held at balance sheet date; and sensitivity information for the total position of level 3 instruments and the basis for the calculation of such information.

The amended liquidity risk disclosure requirements largely confirm the previous rules for providing maturity information for non-derivative financial liabilities, but amended the rules for providing maturity information for derivative financial liabilities.

IFRIC 16 Hedges of a Net Investment in a Foreign Operation

IFRIC 16 was issued on 1 October 2008 and became effective on 1 January 2009. IFRIC 16 provides guidance in identifying the foreign currency risks that qualify as a hedged risk in the hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation; where, within a group, hedging instruments that are hedges of a net investment in a foreign operation can be held to qualify for hedge accounting, and how an entity should determine the amounts to be reclassified from equity to profit or loss for both the hedging instrument and the hedged item. The impact of this interpretation on UBS’s financial statements was immaterial.

IAS 24 Related Party Disclosures

In November 2009, the IASB amended IAS 24 Related Party Disclosures with latest possible effective date 1 January 2011. UBS has early adopted the revised requirements in its annual financial statements 2009. The revised standard amends the definition of related parties, in particular the relationship between UBS and associated companies of UBS’s key management personnel or their close family members. Transactions between UBS and associated companies of UBS key management personnel over which UBS key management personnel does not have control or joint control are no longer considered related-party transactions.

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Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

c) International Financial Reporting Standards and Interpretations to be adopted in 2012 and later

Amendments to IAS 12 Income Taxes

In December 2010, the IASB issued amendments to IAS 12Income Taxes which incorporate the principles of previous guidance in the now withdrawn SICInterpretation 21 Income Taxes – Recovery of Revalued Non-Depreciable Assets and that Interpretation was withdrawn..

IAS 12 generally requires an entity to measure the deferred tax related to assets reflecting the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the entity expects to recover their carrycarrying amount (e.g. sale or use). However, under the amendments, there is a rebuttable presumption that investment property will be recovered through sale. The amendments provide a practical approach for measuring deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets when investment property is measured using the fair value model.

The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2012, with early adoption permitted and willpermitted. UBS adopted the amendments effective 1 January 2012 in accordance with the transitional provisions of the standard. The adoption did not have a material impact on UBS’sthe financial statements.

Interests in non-consolidated funds

In 2012, UBS changed its accounting policy for the recognition of foreign currency translation gains and losses arising from certain financial investments available-for-sale. All investments in funds that are considered debt instruments under the requirements of IAS 32 are now treated as monetary items and foreign currency translation gains and losses on such investments are recorded in the income statement, rather than in other comprehensive income as would be the case for non-monetary items. This revised accounting policy is considered more relevant as it aligns the definition of debt instruments in IAS 32 with the definition of monetary items in IAS 21. The change in accounting policy was applied retrospectively and due to the prior application of fair value hedges of foreign currency risk, had no effect on prior period amounts.

Changes to reporting segments

Wealth Management & Swiss Bank

Wealth Management & Swiss Bank’s two reportable segments – Wealth Management and Retail & Corporate – became separate business

divisions at the start of 2012. As these new business divisions were already considered separate reportable segments, no adjustments were required to segmental results.

Investment Bank

On 30 December 2011, a portfolio of legacy positions was transferred from the Investment Bank to the Corporate Center. Commencing in the first quarter of 2012, this portfolio, together with the option to buy the equity of the SNB StabFund, has been considered a separate reportable segment within the Corporate Center and designated as the Legacy Portfolio. Prior periods have been restated.

In conjunction with the accelerated implementation of UBS’s strategy announced in October 2012, the Asset Liability Management unit was transferred from the Investment Bank to Group Treasury within the Corporate Center in the fourth quarter of 2012. Prior periods have been restated to reflect this transfer, and profit and loss amounts associated with the ongoing business activities of Asset Liability Management have been fully allocated back to the Investment Bank.

Own credit

Effective 2012, the measurement of the performance of the business divisions excludes own credit gains and losses on financial liabilities designated at fair value. This reflects the fact that these gains and losses are not managed at a business division level and are not necessarily indicative of any business division’s performance. In line with these internal reporting changes, own credit gains and losses are now reported as part of Corporate Center – Core Functions. Prior periods have been restated to conform to this presentation.

Group Treasury managed assets

In 2012, management changed the methodology used to allocate certain financial assets and their corresponding costs managed by Group Treasury. Prior periods were not restated for this change and the impact from the change in cost allocation methodology was not material to the reporting segment results.

Centralization of operations units in the Corporate Center

In 2012, operations units from the business divisions were centralized in the Corporate Center as part of UBS’s ongoing efforts to improve our operational effectiveness and heighten our cost efficiency across the firm. Prior to this centralization, charges for operations support provided from one division to another were shown in the respective division’s income statement as services to / from other business divisions without any allocation of the related headcount. With effect from 1 July 2012 on a prospective basis, charges from the centralized operations units have been allocated to the business divisions and shown in the respective expense lines of the reportable segments and the related head-count has been allocated to the business divisions. Prior to the transfer to the Corporate Center, Retail & Corporate operations

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Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

staff provided significant support to other business divisions in Switzerland. Accordingly, the transfer had the effect of increasing personnel and non-personnel expenses as well as decreasing charges for services from other business divisions at Wealth Management, the Investment Bank and Global Asset Management, and of decreasing personnel and non-personnel expenses as well

as income from services provided to other divisions at Retail & Corporate. As a result of the centralization, as of 1 July 2012, allocations of personnel increased by approximately 800 in Wealth Management, 250 in the Investment Bank and 50 in Global Asset Management, with a corresponding decrease of 1,100 in Retail & Corporate.

c) International Financial Reporting Standards and Interpretations to be adopted in 2013 and later

IFRS 9 Financial Instruments

In November 2009, the IASB issued IFRS 9Financial Instruments, which includes revised guidance on the classification and measurement of financial assets. In October 2010, the IASB updated IFRS 9 to include guidance on financial liabilities and derecognition of financial instruments. The publication of IFRS 9 represented the completion of the first part of a multi-stage project to replace IAS 39Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement.

The standard requires all financial assets to be classified as fair value through profit or loss or at amortized cost on the basis of the entity’s business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset. If a financial asset meets the criteria to be measured at amortized cost, it can be designated at fair value through profit or loss under the fair value option if doing so would significantly reduce or eliminate an accounting mismatch. Equity instruments that are not held for trading may be accounted for at fair value through other comprehensive income (OCI).

The accounting guidance for financial liabilities is unchanged with one exception: changes in fair value due to changes in an entity’s own credit risk associated with financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss are directly recognized in OCI instead of in profit and loss. There is no subsequent recycling of realized gains or losses from OCI to profit or loss.

    UBS is currently assessing the impact of the new standard on the financial statements. In December 2011, the IASB issued amendments to IFRS 9Financial Instruments that defer the mandatory effective date from 1 January 2013 to 1 January 2015. The amendments also provide relief from the requirement to restate comparative financial statementsinformation for the effect of applying IFRS 9. Early applicationadoption of IFRS 9 is still permitted.

Amendments to IFRS 7 Financial instruments: Disclosures

In October 2010,2012, the IASB issued revisedadditional exposure drafts, amending IFRS 7Financial Instruments: Disclosures9 for hedge accounting and proposing extensive changes to provide additional disclosures around transfersthe classification and measurement model described including the introduction of a new measurement category for financial assets including those transfersthat are managed both in which an entity retains a continuing interestorder to collect contractual cash flows and for sale. This new measurement category will require the asset to be measured at fair value, with fair value changes being recognized in OCI. Additionally, the transferred asset(s) atamendments propose that entities may early adopt the reporting date. The amendments are intended to allow usersown credit risk guidance discussed above.

UBS is currently assessing the impact of financial statements to improve their understanding of transfer transactions of financial assets, including understanding the possible effects of any risks that may remain with the entity that transferred the assets. The effective date for mandatory adoption is for annual periods beginning on or after July 2011, with early adoption permitted. UBS will adopt the new standard as of 1 January 2012.and the related proposed amendments on the financial statements.

IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements

In May 2011, the IASB issued IFRS 10Consolidated Financial Statements, which establishes a single control-based model for assessing whether one entity should consolidate another. IFRS 10 applies to all types of entities and will replace SIC-12Consolidation – Special Purpose Entities, and portions of IAS 27Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements.Statements. IFRS 10 is based on the existing principle that an entity should consolidate all other entities that it controls. The definition of control in IFRS 10 focuses on the presence of power, exposure to variable returns and the ability to utilize power to affect an entity’s own returns. The determination of control is based on current facts and circumstances and is continuously assessed. Voting rights or contractual rights may be evidence of power, or a combination of the two may give an investor power. Power does not need to be exercised for control to exist. An investor with more than half the voting rights would meet the power criteria in the absence of restrictions or other circumstances.

The standardIFRS 10 provides additional guidance to assist in the determination of control in circumstances in which this assessment is difficult to make. For example, IFRS 10 introduces guidance on assessing whether an entity with decision-making rights is a principal or an agent; onlyagent.

In October 2012, the IASB issued an amendment to IFRS 10, providing an exception to consolidation for certain “investment entities”. Investment entities that are principals canthose whose business purpose is to invest funds solely for returns from capital appreciation, investment income or both. As UBS Group does not itself meet the definition of an investment entity, the amendments will have control.no impact on UBS’s consolidated financial statements.

UBS is currently assessing the impact of the new standardwill adopt IFRS 10 on its financial statements. Themandatory effective date for mandatory adoption isof 1 January 2013 on a limited retrospective basis, as permitted by the standard. At this time UBS will also early adopt the October 2012 amendments. Upon adoption, UBS will adjust its opening equity as of 1 January 2012 and the reported figures for 2012 will be presented as if IFRS 10 had always been applied. The reported figures for 2011 will not be adjusted and will continue to be presented in accordance with early adoption permitted.IAS 27 and SIC 12.

    Under IFRS 10, UBS expects a change in consolidation status associated with certain entities. The Group will now consolidate certain investment funds where UBS’s exposure to variability indicates that its power as fund manager is in a principal capacity. UBS will deconsolidate certain entities that were previously consolidated due to exposure to a majority of risk and rewards, but where UBS does not have power over the relevant activities. We will also deconsolidate certain entities where UBS’s involvement does not expose it to variable returns from the entity. This includes

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Financial information

Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

entities associated with the issuance of trust preferred securities. As a result, we estimate that had UBS applied IFRS 10 to its 2012 financial report, total assets would have been higher by approximately CHF 0.6 billion, and total liabilities would have been higher by approximately CHF 1.8 billion. Total equity would have been lower by approximately CHF 1.2 billion. The effect on net profit is not expected to be material.

IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements

In May 2011, the IASB issued IFRS 11Joint arrangements, which supersedes IAS 31Interests in Joint Ventures, and SIC 13Jointly Controlled Entities – Non-monetary Contributions by Venturers.Venturers. The classification of a joint arrangement under IFRS 11 depends upon the rights and obligations of the arrangement, rather than its legal form (as is currently the case).form. The standard addresses inconsistencies in the reporting of joint arrangements by eliminating the proportionate consolidation approach and requiring the equity method to account for interests in jointly controlled entities.

Financial information

Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

UBS does not expectcurrently applies the equity method to account for it interests in joint ventures under IAS 31. As a result, the new standard towill not have a significantan impact on the financial statements. UBS will adopt IFRS 11 on its financial statements, as we do not currently apply the proportionate consolidation approach. Themandatory effective date for mandatory adoption isof 1 January 2013, with early adoption permitted.2013.

IFRS 12 DisclosuresDisclosure of InterestsInterest in Other Entities

In May 2011, the IASB issued IFRS 12Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities, which provides new and comprehensive guidance on the annual disclosure requirements about entities with which a reporting entity is involved. This includes specific disclosures for all entities reporting under the two new standards,investment entities. IFRS 10Consolidated Financial Statements and IFRS 11Joint Arrangements. It12 replaces the disclosure requirements currently included in IAS 28Investment in Associates.Associates. The standard requires entities to disclose information that helps users to evaluate the nature, risks and financial effects associated with thea reporting entity’s interests in subsidiaries, associates, joint arrangements and, in particular, unconsolidated structured entities.

UBS is currently assessing the impact of the new standard on its financial statements. The effective date for mandatory adoption is 1 January 2013, with early adoption permitted. UBS will provide disclosures under IFRS 12 in its 2013 Annual Report.

IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement

In May 2011, the IASB issued IFRS 13Fair Value Measurement, which completesestablishes a major projectsingle source of the IASB and the US Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) to improve IFRS and US GAAP and bring about their convergence. The new standard defines fair value, provides guidance on its determination and introduces consistent requirements for disclosures on fair value measurements. The standard does not introduce newall fair value measurements nor does it eliminate practicability exceptions to fair value measurements.

IFRS 13 improves consistency and reduces complexity by providing, for the first time, a precise definition ofunder IFRS. It defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date,date; i.e., an exit price. The definitionstandard emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement. As such, an entity’s intention to hold an asset or to settle or otherwise fulfillIt clarifies that the unit of measurement is generally a liability is not relevant when measuring fair value. IFRS 13 allows a limited exception to the basic fair value measurement principles for a reporting entity that holds a group of financial assets and financial liabilities with offsetting positions in particular market risks or counterparty credit risk and manages those holdings on the basis of the entity’s net exposure to either risk. This exception allows the reporting entity, if certain criteria are met, to measure the fair value of the net asset or liability position in a manner consistent with how market participants would price theunless an entity manages and reports its net risk position.

The standard setters did not achieve convergence with respectexposures on a portfolio basis, in which case it may elect to the treatment of “Day 1” profits as the IAS 39 guidance is still applicable. UBS is currently assessing the impact of theapply portfolio-level price adjustments under limited circumstances. It also introduces new standard on its financial statements. disclosure requirements and enhancements to existing disclosures.

The effective date for mandatory adoption is 1 January 2013, with early adoption permitted. IFRS 13 is required to be applied prospectively from the effective date. UBS does not anticipate that adoption of the standard will have a material impact on its financial statements.

IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements

In June 2011, the IASB issued the revised IAS 1Presentation of Financial Statements.Statements. The revised standard requires the grouping together for presentation purposes of items within other comprehensive income (OCI) into those that may be recycledreclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods and those that may not be. The revised standard reaffirms existing requirements that items in OCI and profit or loss should be presented as either a single statement or two consecutive statements. Currently,Historically, all items in our OCI maycould be recycled to profit or loss, but this will changehas changed with the adoptionsadoption of IAS 19 (revised)Employee Benefits and will also be affected by IFRS 9Financial Instruments, as both of these accounting standards will generate OCI items that will not be recycled to profit or loss in subsequent periods. TheUBS will adopt the revised standard on its mandatory effective date for mandatory adoption isof 1 January 2013, with early adoption permitted.

IAS 19 (revised) Employee Benefits

In June 2011, the IASB issued revisions to IAS 19 Employee Benefits (‘IAS 19R’ or ‘theresulting in revised standard’). The revised standard introduces changes to the recognition, presentation and disclosure of post-employment benefits. IAS 19R eliminates the “corridor method”, under which the recognition of actuarial gains and losses was deferred. Instead, all actuarial gains and losses are recognized immediately in Other Comprehensive Income (OCI). In addition, IAS 19R requires the income statement recognition to be based on the net interest on the net defined benefit obligation (asset), using the discount rate that is used to measure the defined benefit obligation. The effect of this is to remove the current concept of recognizing an expected return on plan assets. The revised standard also enhances the disclosure requirements for defined benefit plans, providing more information about the characteristics of defined benefit plans and the risks to which entities are exposed through participation in those plans. The effective date for mandatory adoption is 1 January 2013, with early adoption permitted. UBS is assessing whether to adopt IAS 19R earlier than its mandatory date.

The main impact of adopting IAS 19R will be that UBS will derecognize the deferred pension expenses and accrued pension liabilities included inOther assets andOther liabilities and will recognize the aggregate accounting deficits of the defined benefit plans inOther liabilities. The income statement will be changed to remove the interest cost, expected return on plan assets and amortization of actuarial variances. This will be replaced with a net interest amount that is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit obligation.

    If UBS had applied IAS 19R in its 2011 financial statements, as at the year endOther assets would have been lower by approximately CHF 3.3 billion,Other liabilities would have been higher by approximately CHF 3.1 billion andDeferred tax assets would have been higher by approximately CHF 1.2 billion. The impact of these changes will flow through a component of equity at the time of adoption. These estimates do not take into

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Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

account any potential reduction in the defined benefit obligation to reflect the risk-sharing featuresstatement of the Swiss pension plan, as it is not yet practicable to determine this. In addition, the impact of these changes on UBS’s regulatory capital remains subject to clarifying guidance from FINMA. Should UBS choose to adopt IAS 19R earlier than its mandatory date, UBS will disclose further information later in 2012.comprehensive income.

IAS 32 Financial Instruments: Presentations and IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures

In December 2011, the IASB amended the accounting requirementspresentation guidelines and disclosures related to offsetting financial assets and financial liabilities by issuing amendments to IAS 32Financial Instruments: Presentationand IFRS 7Financial Instruments: Disclosures.Disclosures.

The amendments to IAS 32 change current practice by requiring that, to achieve offsetting on the balance sheet, an arrangement must be unconditional and legally enforceable, both in the normal course of business and in the event of default, bank-

ruptcybankruptcy or insolvency in addition toof the normal course of business. Further, it must be demonstrated that the right of offset is reciprocal amongentity and all parties.counterparties. The amendments also provide incremental guidance for determining when gross settlement systems effectively achieve the functional equivalent of net settlement.

Additionally, theThe IASB simultaneously issued disclosure requirements intended to enable users to assess the effect (or potential effect) of offsetting arrangements on an entity’s financial position. The amendments to IFRS 7Financial Instruments: Disclosures require that entities disclose both gross and net amounts associated with master netting agreements and similar arrangements, including the effects of financial collateral, whether or not presented net on the face of the balance sheet.

UBS is currently assessing the impact of the revised standards on its financial statements. The amendments to IAS 32 are effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2014.2014, with earlier adoption permitted. The amendments to IFRS 7 are effective for annual periods beginning on or afterfrom 1 January 2013. Both amendments are required to be adopted retrospectively.

 

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Note 2a Segment reporting

 

 

UBS AG is the parent company of the UBS Group (Group). The operational structure of the Group comprises the Corporate Center and fourfive business divisions: Wealth Management, & Swiss Bank, Wealth Management Americas, the Investment Bank, Global Asset Management and the Investment Bank. ForRetail & Corporate. The five business divisions qualify as reportable segments for the purpose of segment reporting the business division Wealth Management & Swiss Bank is split into two separate reportable segments, namely Wealth Management and, Retail & Corporate. There are therefore five reportable segments altogether, in addition totogether with the Corporate Center presented inand its components, reflect the financial statements, which reflects the internal management structure of the Group. Additionally, Legacy Portfolio and responsibilities. TheCore Functions are disclosed separately under the Corporate Center is not consideredCenter. Legacy Portfolio meets the definition of an operating segment and is disclosed as a reportable segment.

Wealth Management & Swiss Bank

Wealth Management & Swiss Bank focuses on deliveringprovides comprehensive financial services to high net worth and ultra high net worth individualswealthy private clients around the world – except to those served by Wealth Management Americas – as well as privateAmericas. Its clients benefit from the entire spectrum of UBS resources, ranging from investment management to estate planning and corporate clientsfinance advice, in Switzerland. Our Wealth Management business unitaddition to specific wealth management products and services. An open product platform provides clients in over 40 countries, including Switzerland, with financial advice, products and toolsaccess to fit their individual needs. Our Retail & Corporate business unit provides individual and business clients with ana wide array of banking services, such as deposits and lending, and maintains a leading position across its client segments in Switzerland. Starting with the first quarter of 2012, we will report Wealth Management and Retail & Corporate as separate business divisions and will no longer report Wealth Management & Swiss Bank which will cease to be a business division.products from third-party providers that complement UBS’s product lines.

Wealth Management Americas

Wealth Management Americas provides advice-based solutions through financial advisors who deliver a fully integrated set of products and services specifically designed to address the needs of ultra high net worth and high net worth individuals and families. It includes the domestic US business, the domestic Canadian business and international business booked in the US.

Global Asset Management

Global Asset Management is a large-scale asset manager with businesses diversified across regions, capabilities and distribution channels. It offers investment capabilities and styles across all major traditional and alternative asset classes including equities, fixed income, currency, hedge fund, real estate, infrastructure and private equity that can also be combined into multi-asset strategies. The fund services unit provides professional services including legal fund set-up, accounting and reporting for traditional investment funds and alternative funds.

Investment Bank

The Investment Bank provides a broad range of products and services in equities, fixed income, foreign exchange and commodities to corporate and institutional clients, sovereign and government bodies, financial intermediaries, alternative asset managers and UBS’s wealth management clients. The Investment Bank is an active participant in capital markets flow activities, including sales, trading and market-making across a broad range of securities. It provides financial solutions to a wide range ofits clients, and offers advisory and analytics services in all major capital markets.

Global Asset Management

Global Asset Management is a large-scale asset manager with businesses diversified across regions, capabilities and distribution channels. It offers investment capabilities and styles across all major traditional and alternative asset classes including equities, fixed income, currencies, hedge funds, real estate, infrastructure and private equity that can also be combined into multi-asset strategies. The fund services unit provides professional services, including fund set-up, accounting and reporting for traditional investment funds and alternative funds.

Retail & Corporate

Retail & Corporate provides comprehensive financial products and services to UBS’s retail, corporate and institutional clients in Switzerland and maintains a leading position in these client segments. It constitutes a central building block of UBS’s universal bank model in Switzerland, delivering growth to UBS’s other businesses. It supports them by cross-selling products and services provided by UBS’s asset-gathering and investment banking businesses, by referring clients to them and by transferring clients to Wealth Management due to increased client wealth.

Corporate Center

The Corporate Center provides treasury services, and manages support and control functions for the business divisions and the Group in such areas as risk control, finance, legal and compliance as well as finance including treasury services, funding, capital and balance sheet management, management of non-trading risk,and capital management. The Corporate Center –Core Functions provides all logistics and support functions including information technology, human resources, corporate development, Group regulatory relations and strategic initiatives, communications and branding, human resources, information technology,corporate real estate and administrative services, procurement, corporate developmentphysical and service centers.information security, offshoring as well as Group-wide operations. It allocates most of theits treasury income, operating expenses and personnel associated with these activities to the businesses based on capital and service consumption levels. The Corporate Center also encompasses certain centrally managed positions, including the SNB StabFund option and (starting with the first quarter 2012 reporting) the legacy portfolio formerly in the Investment Bank.Legacy Portfolio.

 

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Financial information

 

Note 2a Segment reporting1 (continued)

 

Transactions between the reportable segments are carried out at internally agreed rates or at arm’s length and are reflected in the performance of each segment. Revenue-sharing agreements are used to allocate external client revenues to a segment and cost-allocation agreements are used to allocate shared costs between the segments.

 

 

  Wealth Management &
Swiss Bank
  Wealth
Management
Americas
  Global Asset
Management
  Investment
Bank
   Corporate
Center
  UBS 
CHF million  Wealth
Management
   Retail &
Corporate
                      
For the year ended 31 December 2011          
                                
Net interest income   1,968     2,328    729    (15  1,933     (117  6,826  
                                
Non-interest income   5,666     1,858    4,571    1,817    7,096     37    21,046  
                                
Income1,2, 3   7,634     4,186    5,300    1,803    9,029     (80  27,872  
                                
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   11     (101  (6  0    12     (1  (84
                                
Total operating income   7,645     4,085    5,295    1,803    9,040     (80  27,788  
                                
Personnel expenses   3,258     1,666    3,840    955    5,801     71    15,591  
                                
General and administrative expenses   1,192     834    783    375    2,637     139    5,959  
                                
Services (to) / from other business divisions   318     (470  (9  (1  161     3    0  
                                
Depreciation of property and equipment   165     136    99    38    254     70    761  
                                
Amortization of intangible assets4   37     0    48    8    34     0    127  
                                
Total operating expenses5,6   4,969     2,166    4,760    1,375    8,886     283    22,439  
                                

Performance from

continuing operations before tax

   2,676     1,919    534    428    154     (363  5,350  
                                

Performance from

discontinued operations before tax

   0     0    0    0    0     0    0  
                                
Performance before tax   2,676     1,919    534    428    154     (363  5,350  
                                
Tax expense / (benefit) on continuing operations           952  
                                
Tax expense on discontinued operations           0  
                                
Net profit           4,427  
                                
Additional information          
                                
Total assets7,8   100,598     148,697    54,150    15,352    1,073,590     26,775    1,419,162  
                                
Additions to non-current assets   5     22    25    18    110     1,012    1,192  
                                

 

  Wealth
Management
   Wealth
Management
Americas
  Investment
Bank
  Global Asset
Management
  Retail &
Corporate
  Corporate Center  UBS 
CHF million                       Core
Functions
  Legacy
Portfolio
     
For the year ended 31 December 2012          
                                   
Net interest income   1,951     792    1,141    (21  2,186    (171  116    5,994  
                                   
Non-interest income   5,089     5,319    7,422    1,905    1,569    (2,003  265    19,567  
                                   
Income2,3,4   7,040     6,110    8,564    1,884    3,756    (2,173  381    25,561  
                                   
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   1     (14  34    0    (27  0    (112  (118
                                   
Total operating income   7,041     6,097    8,598    1,884    3,728    (2,173  268    25,443  
                                   
Personnel expenses   2,865     4,252    5,141    885    1,287    240    68    14,737  
                                   
General and administrative expenses   1,360     893    2,730    395    857    1,6485   771    8,653  
                                   
Services (to) / from other business divisions   243     (15  132    (10  (370  2    19    0  
                                   
Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment   159     100    257    37    128    6    2    689  
                                   
Impairment of goodwill6   0     0    3,030    0    0    0    0    3,030  
                                   
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets6   7     51    41    8    0    0    0    106  
                                   
Total operating expenses7   4,634     5,281    11,331    1,314    1,901    1,895    861    27,216  
                                   
Performance before tax   2,407     816    (2,734  570    1,827    (4,068  (592  (1,774
                                   
Tax expense / (benefit)           461  
                                   
Net profit / (loss)           (2,235
                                   
Additional Information          
                                   
Total assets8   104,666     63,511    672,329    13,322    145,320    222,500    37,584    1,259,232  
                                   
Additions to non-current assets   4     1    62    12    45    1,032    0    1,158  
                                   

1  Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” for more information on the adoption of IAS 19R and changes to reporting segments.  2  Impairments of financial investments available-for-sale for the year ended 31 December 20112012 were as follows: Wealth Management & Swiss Bank CHF 28 million; Investment Bank CHF 1256 million; Global Asset Management CHF 4 million; Corporate Center – Core Functions CHF 2 million; Corporate Center – Legacy Portfolio CHF 24 million.23  The total inter-segment revenues for the Group are immaterial as the majority of the revenues are allocated across the business divisions by means of revenue-sharing agreements.43  Refer to “Note 2627 Fair value of financial instruments” for further information on own credit in the Investment Bank.Corporate Center – Core Functions.  5  Includes charges of approximately CHF 1.4 billion arising from fines and disgorgement resulting from regulatory investigations concerning LIBOR and other benchmark rates. Refer to “Note 23 Provisions and contingent liabilities” for more information.  46  Refer to “Note 1617 Goodwill and intangible assets” for further information regarding goodwill and other intangible assets by business division.57  Refer to “Note 37 Reorganizations and disposals”Changes in organization” for further information on restructuring charges.86 Refer to “Note 1b) Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” for more information on the allocation of additional Corporate Center costs to business divisions from 2010 onwards.7  The segment assets are based on a third-party view, i.e. the amounts do not include inter-company balances.8 On 30 December 2011, an agreement was reached to transfer Certain assets managed centrally by the legacy portfolio from the Investment Bank to Corporate Center. The legacy portfolio will be presented as a reportable segment within Corporate Center beginning(including property and equipment and certain financial assets) are allocated to the segments on a basis different to which the corresponding costs are allocated. Specifically, certain assets are reported in the first quarter of 2012, when all necessary internal reporting changes will have been put into place.Corporate Center whereas the corresponding costs are entirely or partially allocated to the segments based on various internally determined allocations.

Financial information

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

 

Note 2a Segment reporting1 (continued)

 

Transactions between the reportable segments are carried out at internally agreed rates or at arm’s length and are reflected in the performance of each segment. Revenue-sharing agreements are used to allocate external client revenues to a segment and cost-allocation agreements are used to allocate shared costs between the segments.

 

 

  Wealth Management &
Swiss Bank
  Wealth
Management
Americas
  Global Asset
Management
  Investment
Bank
   Corporate
Center
  UBS 
CHF million  Wealth
Management
   Retail &
Corporate
     
For the year ended 31 December 2010  
                                
Net interest income   1,737     2,422    695    (17  2,235     (858  6,215  
                                
Non-interest income   5,608     1,524    4,870    2,075    9,775     1,993    25,845  
                                
Income1,2,3   7,345     3,946    5,565    2,058    12,010     1,135    32,060  
                                
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   11     (76  (1  0    0     0    (66
                                
Total operating income   7,356     3,870    5,564    2,058    12,010     1,135    31,994  
                                
Personnel expenses   3,153     1,625    4,225    1,096    6,743     78    16,920  
                                
General and administrative expenses   1,264     836    1,223    400    2,693     168    6,585  
                                
Services (to) / from other business divisions   449     (509  (6  (5  64     8    0  
                                
Depreciation of property and equipment   163     146    198    43    278     89    918  
                                
Amortization of intangible assets4   19     0    55    8    34     0    117  
                                
Total operating expenses5   5,049     2,098    5,694    1,542    9,813     343    24,539  
                                
Performance from continuing operations before tax   2,308     1,772    (130  516    2,197     793    7,455  
                                
Performance from discontinued operations before tax   0     0    0    0    0     2    2  
                                
Performance before tax   2,308     1,772    (130  516    2,197     795    7,457  
                                
Tax expense / (benefit) on continuing operations           (381
                                
Tax expense on discontinued operations           0  
                                
Net profit           7,838  
                                
Additional information          
                                
Total assets6   94,056     153,101    50,071    15,894    966,945     37,180    1,317,247  
                                
Additions to non-current assets   25     12    48    8    32     467    593  
                                

 

  Wealth
Management
   Wealth
Management
Americas
  Investment
Bank
  Global Asset
Management
  Retail &
Corporate
  Corporate Center  UBS 
CHF million                       Core
Functions
  Legacy
Portfolio
     
For the year ended 31 December 2011          
                                   
Net interest income   1,968     729    1,460    (15  2,328    (118  474    6,826  
                                   
Non-interest income   5,666     4,571    6,521    1,817    1,858    1,702    (1,090  21,046  
                                   
Income2,3,4   7,634     5,300    7,981    1,803    4,186    1,584    (616  27,872  
                                   
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   11     (6  (13  0    (101  (1  25    (84
                                   
Total operating income   7,645     5,295    7,968    1,803    4,085    1,583    (591  27,788  
                                   
Personnel expenses   3,300     3,830    5,716    954    1,702    64    68    15,634  
                                   
General and administrative expenses   1,192     783    2,490    375    834    137    148    5,959  
                                   
Services (to) / from other business divisions   318     (9  108    (1  (470  (1  56    0  
                                   
Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment   165     99    251    38    136    70    3    761  
                                   
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets5   37     48    34    8    0    0    0    127  
                                   
Total operating expenses6   5,012     4,750    8,599    1,373    2,201    271    276    22,482  
                                   
Performance before tax   2,633     544    (631  430    1,884    1,313    (866  5,307  
                                   
Tax expense / (benefit)           901  
                                   
Net profit / (loss)           4,406  
                                   
Additional Information          
                                   
Total assets7   100,352     53,870    896,160    15,239    147,117    148,129    56,096    1,416,962  
                                   
Additions to non-current assets   5     25    109    18    22    1,013    1    1,192  
                                   

1  Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” for more information on the adoption of IAS 19R and changes to reporting segments.  2  Impairments of financial investments available-for-sale for the year ended 31 December 20102011 were as follows: Wealth Management & Swiss Bank CHF 45 million; Global Asset Management CHF 228 million; Investment Bank CHF 414 million; Corporate Center – Legacy Portfolio CHF (16)8 million.  32  The total inter-segment revenues for the Group are immaterial as the majority of the revenues are allocated across the business divisions by means of revenue-sharing agreements.  43  Refer to “Note 2627 Fair value of financial instruments” for further information on own credit in the Investment Bank.  Corporate Center – Core Functions.  54  Refer to “Note 1617 Goodwill and intangible assets” for further information regarding goodwill and other intangible assets by business division.  65  Refer to “Note 1b)37 Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments”organization” for more information on the allocation of additional Corporate Center costs to business divisions from 2010 onwards.restructuring charges.   67  The segment assets are based on a third-party view, i.e. the amounts do not include inter-company balances.

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Financial information

 

Note 2a Segment reporting1(continued)

 

Transactions between the reportable segments are carried out at internally agreed rates or at arm’s length and are reflected in the performance of each segment. Revenue-sharing agreements are used to allocate external client revenues to a segment and cost-allocation agreements are used to allocate shared costs between the segments.

 

 

  Wealth Management &
Swiss Bank
  Wealth
Management
Americas
   Global Asset
Management
  Investment
Bank
  Corporate
Center
  UBS 
CHF million  Wealth
Management
   Retail &
Corporate
                      
For the year ended 31 December 2009          
                                
Net interest income   1,853     2,681    800     2    2,339    (1,229  6,446  
                                
Non-interest income   5,574     1,415    4,746     2,134    2,494    1,623    17,987  
                                
Income1, 2, 3   7,427     4,096    5,546     2,137    4,833    394    24,433  
                                
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   45     (178  3     0    (1,698  (5  (1,832
                                
Total operating income   7,471     3,918    5,550     2,137    3,135    389    22,601  
                                
Personnel expenses   3,360     1,836    4,231     996    5,568    551    16,543  
                                
General and administrative expenses   1,182     835    1,017     387    2,628    199    6,248  
                                
Services (to) / from other business divisions   428     (518  4     (74  (147  306    0  
                                
Depreciation of property and equipment   154     136    170     36    360    193    1,048  
                                
Impairment of goodwill   0     0    34     340    749    0    1,123  
                                
Amortization of intangible assets   67     0    62     13    59    0    200  
                                
Total operating expenses4   5,191     2,289    5,518     1,698    9,216    1,250    25,162  
                                
Performance from continuing operations before tax   2,280     1,629    32     438    (6,081  (860  (2,561
                                
Performance from discontinued operations before tax   0     0    0     0    0    (7  (7
                                
Performance before tax   2,280     1,629    32     438    (6,081  (867  (2,569
                                
Tax expense / (benefit) on continuing operations           (443
                                
Tax expense on discontinued operations           0  
                                
Net profit           (2,125
                                
Additional information          
                                
Total assets5   109,627     138,513    53,197     20,238    991,964    26,999    1,340,538  
                                
Additions to non-current assets   13     30    59     11    81    745    939  
                                

 

  Wealth
Management
   Wealth
Management
Americas
  Investment
Bank
  Global Asset
Management
  Retail &
Corporate
  Corporate Center  UBS 
CHF million                       Core
Functions
  Legacy
Portfolio
     
For the year ended 31 December 2010          
                                   
Net interest income   1,737     695    1,554    (17  2,422    (858  681    6,215  
                                   
Non-interest income   5,608     4,870    10,393    2,075    1,524    700    675    25,845  
                                   
Income2,3,4   7,345     5,565    11,947    2,058    3,946    (158  1,356    32,060  
                                   
Credit loss (expense)/recovery   11     (1  155    0    (76  0    (155  (66
                                   
Total operating income   7,356     5,564    12,102    2,058    3,870    (158  1,201    31,994  
                                   
Personnel expenses   3,228     4,216    6,605    1,097    1,687    78    119    17,031  
                                   
General and administrative expenses   1,264     1,223    2,486    400    836    167    209    6,585  
                                   
Services (to)/from other business divisions   449     (6  (27  (5  (509  8    91    0  
                                   
Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment   163     198    273    43    146    89    5    918  
                                   
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets5   19     55    34    8    0    0    0    117  
                                   
Total operating expenses6   5,123     5,685    9,371    1,543    2,160    342    424    24,650  
                                   
Performance from continuing operations before tax   2,233     (121  2,731    515    1,710    (500  777    7,345  
                                   
Performance from discontinued operations before tax   0     0    0    0    0    2    0    2  
                                   
Performance before tax   2,233     (121  2,731    515    1,710    (498  777    7,346  
                                   
Tax expense/(benefit) on continuing operations           (409
                                   
Tax expense/(benefit) on discontinued operations           0  
                                   
Net profit/(loss)           7,756  
                                   
Additional Information          
                                   
Total assets7   93,847     49,777    797,497    15,787    151,563    134,574    71,768    1,314,813  
                                   
Additions to non-current assets   25     48    27    8    12    467    5    593  
                                   

1  Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” for more information on the adoption of IAS 19R and changes to reporting segments.  2  Impairments of financial investments available-for-sale for the year ended 31 December 20092010 were as follows: Wealth Management & SwissCHF 44 million; Investment Bank CHF 1581 million; Global Asset Management CHF 20 million; Investment Bank CHF 1422 million; Corporate Center – Core Functions CHF 29(16) million; Corporate Center – Legacy Portfolio CHF 40 million.23  The total inter-segment revenues for the Group are immaterial as the majority of the revenues are allocated across the business divisions by means of revenue-sharing agreements.34  Refer to “Note 2627 Fair value of financial instruments” for further information on own credit in the Investment Bank.Corporate Center – Core Functions.  45  Refer to “Note 1b)17 Goodwill and intangible assets” for further information regarding goodwill and other intangible assets by business division.  6  Refer to “Note 37 Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments”organization” for more information on the allocation of additional Corporate Center costs to business divisions from 2010 onwards.restructuring charges.  57  The segment assets are based on a third-party view, i.e. the amounts do not include inter-company balances.

Financial information

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

 

Note 2b Segment reporting by geographic location

 

The geographic analysis of operating income and non-current assets is based on the location of the entity in which the transactions and assets are recorded. The divisions of the Group are managed on an autonomous basis worldwide, with a focus on cross-divisional collaboration and the interest of our clients to yield the maximum possible profitability by product line for the Group. The geographic analysis of operating income and non-current assets is provided in order to comply with IFRS.

 

For the year ended 31 December 2011 

 

  Total operating income     Total non-current assets 
    CHF million   Share %     CHF million   Share % 
Switzerland   11,494     41       5,045     31  
                       
United Kingdom   1,385     5       653     4  
                       
Rest of Europe   1,638     6       1,026     6  
                       
United States   9,324     34       8,617     53  
                       
Asia Pacific   3,689     13       407     3  
                       
Rest of the world   258     1       429     3  
                       
Total   27,788     100       16,177     100  
                       
For the year ended 31 December 2010          
                       

 

  Total operating income     Total non-current assets 
    CHF million   Share %     CHF million   Share % 
Switzerland   12,670     40       4,922     31  
                       
United Kingdom   2,791     9       594     4  
                       
Rest of Europe   1,514     5       1,078     7  
                       
United States   10,752     34       8,673     54  
                       
Asia Pacific   3,796     12       394     2  
                       
Rest of the world   470     1       418     3  
                       
Total   31,994     100       16,080     100  
                       
For the year ended 31 December 2009          
                       

 

  Total operating income     Total non-current assets 
    CHF million   Share %     CHF million   Share % 
Switzerland   11,939     53       5,137     28  
                       
United Kingdom   (3,999   (18     743     4  
                       
Rest of Europe   1,264     6       1,266     7  
                       
United States   9,333     41       9,928     55  
                       
Asia Pacific   3,770     17       451     2  
                       
Rest of the world   294     1       565     3  
                       
Total   22,601     100       18,090     100  
                       
For the year ended 31 December 2012 

 

  Total operating income   Total non-current assets 
    CHF million   Share %   CHF million   Share % 
Americas   9,668     38     6,171     46  
                     

of which: USA

   9,214     36     5,752     43  
                     
Asia Pacific   3,094     12     367     3  
                     
Europe, Middle East and Africa   1,639     6     1,494     11  
                     

of which: United Kingdom

   118     0     647     5  
                     

of which: Rest of Europe

   1,456     6     840     6  
                     

of which: Middle East and Africa

   66     0     7     0  
                     
Switzerland   11,041     43     5,292     40  
                     
Total   25,443     100     13,324     100  
                     
For the year ended 31 December 2011                    

 

  Total operating income   Total non-current assets 
    CHF million   Share %   CHF million   Share % 
Americas   9,491     34     9,038     56  
                     

of which: USA

   9,324     34     8,617     53  
                     
Asia Pacific   3,689     13     407     3  
                     
Europe, Middle East and Africa   3,115     11     1,687     10  
                     

of which: United Kingdom

   1,385     5     653     4  
                     

of which: Rest of Europe

   1,638     6     1,026     6  
                     

of which: Middle East and Africa

   92     0     8     0  
                     
Switzerland   11,494     41     5,045     31  
                     
Total   27,788     100     16,177     100  
                     
For the year ended 31 December 2010                    

 

  Total operating income   Total non-current assets 
    CHF million   Share %   CHF million   Share % 
Americas   11,205     35     9,082     56  
                     

of which: USA

   10,752     34     8,673     54  
                     
Asia Pacific   3,796     12     394     2  
                     
Europe, Middle East and Africa   4,323     14     1,682     10  
                     

of which: United Kingdom

   2,791     9     594     4  
                     

of which: Rest of Europe

   1,514     5     1,078     7  
                     

of which: Middle East and Africa

   17     0     10     0  
                     
Switzerland   12,670     40     4,922     31  
                     
Total   31,994     100     16,080     100  
                     

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Financial information

 

Income statement notes

Note 3 Net interest and trading income

 

 

  For the year ended  % change from 
CHF million  31.12.12  31.12.11   31.12.10  31.12.11 
Net interest and trading income      
                   
Net interest income   5,994    6,826     6,215    (12
                   
Net trading income   3,480    4,343     7,471    (20
                   
Total net interest and trading income   9,474    11,169     13,686    (15
                   
Wealth Management   2,728    2,846     2,384    (4
                   
Wealth Management Americas   1,265    1,179     1,266    7  
                   
Investment Bank   4,872    4,010     6,847    21  
                   

of which: investment banking

   16    44     11    (64
                   

of which: equities

   1,263    149     2,521    748  
                   

of which: fixed income, currencies and commodities

   3,593    3,817     4,315    (6
                   
Global Asset Management   12    8     22    50  
                   
Retail & Corporate   2,467    2,661     2,670    (7
                   
Corporate Center   (1,870  465     497   
                   

of which: own credit on financial liabilities designated at fair value1

   (2,202  1,537     (548 
                   
Total net interest and trading income   9,474    11,169     13,686    (15
                   
Net interest income      
                   
Interest income      
                   
Interest earned on loans and advances2   9,323    9,925     10,603    (6
                   
Interest earned on securities borrowed and reverse repurchase agreements   1,413    1,716     1,436    (18
                   
Interest and dividend income from trading portfolio   4,482    5,466     6,015    (18
                   
Interest income on financial assets designated at fair value   369    248     262    49  
                   
Interest and dividend income from financial investments available-for-sale   381    615     557    (38
                   
Total   15,968    17,969     18,872    (11
                   
Interest expense      
                   
Interest on amounts due to banks and customers   1,413    2,040     1,984    (31
                   
Interest on securities lent and repurchase agreements   1,206    1,352     1,282    (11
                   
Interest expense from trading portfolio3   2,391    2,851     3,794    (16
                   
Interest on financial liabilities designated at fair value   1,762    1,993     2,392    (12
                   
Interest on debt issued   3,202    2,907     3,206    10  
                   
Total   9,974    11,143     12,657    (10
                   
Net interest income   5,994    6,826     6,215    (12
                   

The “Breakdown by businesses” table below analyzes net interest and trading income according1For more information on own credit refer to the businesses that drive it: Net income from trading businesses includes both interest and trading income generated by the Investment Bank, including its lending activities, and trading income generated by the other

business divisions; Net income from interest margin businesses comprises interest income from the loan portfolios“Note 27 Fair value of Wealth Management & Swiss Bank and Wealth Management Americas; Net income from treasury activities and other reflects all income from the Group’s centralized treasury function.

 

  For the year ended  % change from 
CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09  31.12.10 
Net interest and trading income       
                    
Net interest income   6,826     6,215     6,446    10  
                    
Net trading income   4,343     7,471     (324  (42
                    
Total net interest and trading income   11,169     13,686     6,122    (18
                    
Breakdown by businesses       
Net income from trading businesses1   5,964     7,508     382    (21
                    
Net income from interest margin businesses   4,874     4,624     5,053    5  
                    
Net income from treasury activities and other   332     1,554     687    (79
                    
Total net interest and trading income   11,169     13,686     6,122    (18
                    
Net interest income2       
                    
Interest income       
                    
Interest earned on loans and advances3, 4   9,925     10,603     13,202    (6
                    
Interest earned on securities borrowed and reverse repurchase agreements   1,716     1,436     2,629    19  
                    
Interest and dividend income from trading portfolio   5,466     6,015     7,150    (9
                    
Interest income on financial assets designated at fair value   248     262     316    (5
                    
Interest and dividend income from financial investments available-for-sale   615     557     164    10  
                    
Total   17,969     18,872     23,461    (5
                    
Interest expense       
                    
Interest on amounts due to banks and customers5   2,040     1,984     3,873    3  
                    
Interest on securities lent and repurchase agreements   1,352     1,282     2,179    5  
                    
Interest and dividend expense from trading portfolio   2,851     3,794     3,878    (25
                    
Interest on financial liabilities designated at fair value   1,993     2,392     2,855    (17
                    
Interest on debt issued   2,907     3,206     4,231    (9
                    
Total   11,143     12,657     17,016    (12
                    
Net interest income   6,826     6,215     6,446    10  
                    

financial instruments”.  12   Includes lending activities of the Investment Bank.  2  Interest includes forward points on foreign exchange swaps used to manage short-term interest rate risk on foreign currency loans and deposits.  3  Includes interest income on impaired loans and advances of CHF 16 million for 2012, CHF 20 million for 2011 and CHF 37 million for 2010 and CHF 66 million for 2009.  2010.  43Includes interest incomeexpense related to dividend payment obligations on Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments.  trading liabilities.5  Includes interest expense on Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments.

Financial information

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

 

Note 3 Net interest and trading income (continued)

 

  For the year ended % change from   For the year ended % change from 
CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10 31.12.09 31.12.10   31.12.12 31.12.11   31.12.10 31.12.11 
Net trading income1      
Net trading income      
            
Investment Bank equities and investment banking   601     2,356    2,462    (74
Investment Bank investment banking   69    61     27    13  
      
Investment Bank equities   1,032    173     2,556    497  
            
Investment Bank fixed income, currencies and commodities   2,183     2,000    (5,455  9     2,629    2,316     2,709    14  
            
Other business divisions and Corporate Center   1,559     3,115    2,668    (50   (250  1,793     2,179   
            
Net trading income   4,343     7,471    (324  (42   3,480    4,343     7,471    (20
            

of which: net gains / (losses) from financial assets designated at fair value

   419     465    678    (10   420    419     465    0  
            

of which: net gains / (losses) from financial liabilities designated at fair value2

   7,437     (1,001  (6,741 

of which: net gains / (losses) from financial liabilities designated at fair value1,2

   (6,492  7,437     (1,001 
            

1Refer to the table “Net interest and trading income”  For more information on the previous page for the Net income from trading businesses (for an explanation,own credit refer to the corresponding introductory comment)“Note 27 Fair value of financial instruments”.2Fair value changes of hedges related to financial liabilities designated at fair value are also reported in Net trading income. For more information on own credit refer to “Note 26 Fair value of financial instruments”.

 

Net trading income in 20112012 included a lossgain of CHF 1,849 million due to the unauthorized trading incident reflected in Investment Bank equities.

Net trading income in 2011 included a loss of CHF 284 million from credit valuation adjustments for monoline credit protection reflected in the Investment Bank’s fixed income, currencies and commodities business, compared with a CHF 667 million gain in 2010.

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Refer to the “Risk management and control” section of this report for more information on exposure to monolines

Net trading income in 2011 included a loss of CHF 133526 million from the valuation of ourthe option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity, reflected inon the line Other business divisions and Corporate Center, compared with a CHF 745133 million gainloss in 2010.2011.

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Refer to the “Risk management and control” section of this report for more information on the valuation of ourthe option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity

Net trading income in 2011 included a loss of CHF 1,849 million due to the unauthorized trading incident reflected in Investment Bank equities.

 

 

Note 4 Net fee and commission income

 

  For the year ended   % change from   For the year ended   % change from 
CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.10   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.11 
Equity underwriting fees   626     1,157     1,590     (46   807     626     1,157     29  
                        
Debt underwriting fees   554     755     796     (27   732     554     755     32  
                        
Total underwriting fees   1,180     1,912     2,386     (38   1,539     1,180     1,912     30  
                        
M&A and corporate finance fees   992     857     881     16     679     992     857     (32
                        
Brokerage fees   4,169     4,930     5,400     (15   3,836     4,169     4,930     (8
                        
Investment fund fees   3,577     3,898     4,000     (8   3,626     3,577     3,898     1  
                        
Portfolio management and advisory fees   5,551     5,959     5,863     (7   5,892     5,551     5,959     6  
                        
Insurance-related and other fees   368     361     264     2     451     368     361     23  
                        
Total securities trading and investment activity fees   15,837     17,918     18,794     (12   16,023     15,837     17,918     1  
                        
Credit-related fees and commissions   438     448     339     (2   414     438     448     (5
                        
Commission income from other services   827     850     878     (3   833     827     850     1  
                        
Total fee and commission income   17,102     19,216     20,010     (11   17,270     17,102     19,216     1  
                        
Brokerage fees paid   933     1,093     1,231     (15   871     933     1,093     (7
                        
Other   933     964     1,068     (3   994     933     964     7  
                        
Total fee and commission expense   1,866     2,057     2,299     (9   1,865     1,866     2,057     0  
                        
Net fee and commission income   15,236     17,160     17,712     (11   15,405     15,236     17,160     1  
                        

of which: net brokerage fees

   3,236     3,837     4,169     (16   2,965     3,236     3,837     (8
       ��                

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Financial information

 

Note 5 Other income

 

  For the year ended % change from   For the year ended % change from 
CHF million  31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.09 31.12.10   31.12.12 31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.11 
Associates and subsidiaries          
      
Net gains / (losses) from disposals of consolidated subsidiaries1   (18  (7  96    157  
Net gains / (losses) from disposals of subsidiaries1   (7  (18  (7  (61
      
Net gains / (losses) from disposals of investments in associates   20    256    (1  (92   0    20    256    (100
      
Share of net profits of associates   42    81    37    (48   88    42    81    110  
      
Total   44    331    133    (87   81    44    331    84  
      
Financial investments available-for-sale          
      
Net gains / (losses) from disposals   926    204    110    354     414    926    204    (55
      
Impairment charges   (39  (72  (349  (46   (85  (39  (72  118  
      
Total   887    132    (239  572     329    887    132    (63
      
Net income from properties2   38    53    72    (28   35    38    53    (8
      
Net gains / (losses) from investment properties3   9    8    (39  13     4    9    8    (56
      
Other4   490    690    672    (29
Other   234    490    690    (52
      
Total other income   1,467    1,214    599    21     682    1,467    1,214    (54
      

1  Includes foreign exchange gains / losses reclassified from equity upon disposalother comprehensive income related to disposed or deconsolidation ofdormant subsidiaries.2  Includes net rent received from third parties and net operating expenses.3  Includes unrealized and realized gains / losses from investment properties at fair value and foreclosed assets.4Includes net gains / losses from disposals of loans and receivables and own-used property.

 

Net gains from disposals of Financialfinancial investments available-for-sale in 2012 includes gains of CHF 219 million in Wealth Management Americas’ available-for-sale portfolio as well as a gain of CHF 88 million on the sale of an equity investment in the Investment Bank. 2011 includesincluded a gain of CHF 722 million from the sale of ourthe strategic investment portfolio, of which CHF 433 million was allocated to Wealth Management and CHF 289 million to Retail & Corporate, as well as gains of CHF 81 million in Wealth Management Americas’ available-for-sale portfolio.

The line Other included gains from salenet losses of CHF 11 million on sales of loans and receivables in 2012, compared with net gains of CHF 344 million in 2011 and CHF 324 million in 2010 and CHF 205 million in 2009. The 2011 gains were mainly due to the sale of collateralized loan obligations, which were reclassified from held-for-trading to loans and receivables in 2008, and were largely offset by related hedge termination losses recorded in net trading income.2010. Additionally, it included a gaingains on sales of real estate of CHF 112 million in 2012, CHF 78 million

on sale of a property in Switzerland in 2011 compared with a gain ofand CHF 158 million on sale of a property in Switzerland in 2010. 2009 included a gain of CHF 304 million on the buyback of subordinated bonds for a total consideration below the principal amount.

Net gains from disposals of investments in associates in 2010 included a gain of CHF 180 million from the sale of investments in associates owning office space in New York.

Impairment charges on Financial investments available-for-sale in 2009 included impairments for a global real estate fund of CHF 155 million, Asian debt instruments of CHF 86 million and private equity investments of CHF 55 million.

 

Financial information

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

 

Note 6 Personnel expenses

 

 

  For the year ended  % change from 
CHF million  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.09  31.12.10 
Salaries   6,859    7,033    7,383    (2
                  
Variable compensation – discretionary bonus1   3,392    4,082    2,809    (17
                  
Variable compensation – other1, 2   316    230    699    37  
                  

of which: replacement payments3

   121    107    41    13  
                  

of which: guarantees for new hires

   173    135    56    28  
                  

of which: forfeiture credits

   (215  (167  (81  29  
                  

of which: severance payments4

   216    69    433    213  
                  

of which: retention plan payments5

   21    85    250    (75
                  
Contractors   217    232    275    (6
                  
Social security   743    826    804    (10
                  
Pension and other post-employment benefit plans6   788    724    988    9  
                  
Wealth Management Americas: Financial advisor compensation1, 7   2,518    2,667    2,426    (6
                  
Other personnel expenses2   758    1,127    1,159    (33
                  
Total personnel expenses   15,5918   16,920    16,543    (8
                  

 

  For the year ended  % change from 
CHF million  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11 
Salaries   6,814    6,859    7,033    (1
                  
Variable compensation – performance awards1,2   3,000    3,516    4,171    (15
                  

of which: guarantees for new hires2

   134    173    135    (23
                  
Variable compensation – other1,2   367    191    141    92  
                  

of which: replacement payments3

   109    121    107    (10
                  

of which: forfeiture credits

   (174  (215  (167  (19
                  

of which: severance payments2,4

   303    239    80    27  
                  

of which: retention plan and other payments2

   128    46    121    178  
                  
Contractors   214    217    232    (1
                  
Social security   768    743    826    3  
                  
Pension and other post-employment benefit plans5   18    831    834    (98
                  
Wealth Management Americas: Financial advisor compensation1,6   2,873    2,518    2,667    14  
                  
Other personnel expenses   682    758    1,127    (10
                  
Total personnel expenses7   14,737    15,634    17,031    (6
                  

1Refer to “Note 3031 Equity participation and other compensation plans” of this report for more information.2In 2011, we reclassified the2012, costs related to our voluntary employee share ownership plan (Equity Plus)guarantees for new hires were reclassified from Variable compensation – other to Other personnel expenses.Variable compensation – performance awards. In addition, costs related to both supplemental severance and certain retention payments were reclassified from Variable compensation – performance awards to Variable compensation – other. Prior periods were adjusted for this change. Asthese changes. The combined impact of these changes resulted in a result, Other personnel expenses were increased bynet increase to Variable compensation – performance awards of CHF 80125 million and CHF 13289 million for the year ended 31 December 20102011 and for the year ended 31 December 2009,2010, respectively, with a corresponding net decrease into Variable compensation – other.3Replacement payments are payments made to compensate employees for deferred awards forfeited as a result of joining UBS.4  Includes legally obligated and standard severance payments, as well as supplemental severance payments.5 Retention plan payments related to strategic retention programs.6Refer to “Note 2930 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans” of this report for more information.67Financial advisor compensation consists of grid-based compensation based directly on compensable revenues generated by financial advisors and supplemental compensation calculated based on financial advisor productivity, firm tenure, assets and other variables. It also includes costs related to compensation commitments and advances granted to financial advisors at the time of recruitment, which are subject to vesting requirements.78  Includes net restructuring charges of CHF 358 million for the year ended 31 December 2012 and CHF 261 million.million for the year ended 31 December 2011, and includes net restructuring provisions releases of CHF 2 million for the year ended 31 December 2010. Refer to “Note 37 Reorganizations and disposals”Changes in organization” for more information.

In 2012, IAS 19R was adopted. Prior period information for the expense line Pension and other post-employment benefit plans was restated accordingly. Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” for more information.

In the first quarter of 2012, UBS announced certain changes to its Swiss pension plan. The main changes, being the reduction in the conversion rate on retirement and an increase to the regular retirement age, serve in part to offset the impact of the increased

life expectancy reflected in the defined benefit obligation. These changes to the pension plan resulted in a credit of CHF 730 million to the expense line Pension and other post-employment benefit plans.

In the second quarter of 2012, UBS announced changes to its retiree medical and life insurance benefit plan in the US. These changes resulted in a credit of CHF 116 million to the expense line Pension and other post-employment benefit plans.

Note 7 General and administrative expenses

 

  For the year ended   % change from   For the year ended   % change from 
CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.10   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.11 
Occupancy   1,059     1,252     1,420     (15   1,074     1,059     1,252     1  
                        
Rent and maintenance of IT and other equipment   429     555     623     (23   473     429     555     10  
                        
Communication and market data services   616     664     697     (7   632     616     664     3  
                        
Administration   621     669     695     (7   636     621     669     2  
                        
Marketing and public relations   393     339     225     16     528     393     339     34  
                        
Travel and entertainment   470     466     412     1     450     470     466     (4
                        
Professional fees   822     754     830     9     908     822     754     10  
                        
Outsourcing of IT and other services   1,151     1,078     836     7     1,357     1,151     1,078     18  
                        
Litigation and regulatory matters1   276     631     233     (56
Provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters1,2   2,549     276     631     824  
                        
Other2   122     175     279     (30
Other3   47     122     175     (61
                        
Total general and administrative expenses   5,959     6,585     6,248     (10   8,653     5,959     6,585     45  
                        

1Reflects the net increase / release of provisions for Litigationlitigation, regulatory and regulatorysimilar matters recognized in the income statement andstatement. In addition, it includes recoveries from third parties.parties of CHF 12 million, CHF 33 million and CHF 2 million for the years ended 31 December 2012, 31 December 2011 and 31 December 2010, respectively. 2012 includes charges for provisions arising from fines and disgorgement resulting from regulatory investigations concerning LIBOR and other benchmark rates. A portion (CHF 45 million) of the net increase / release recognized in the income statement for provisions for certain litigation, regulatory and similar matters for 2012 as presented in “Note 23a Provisions” was recorded as negative other income rather than as general and administrative expenses.  2Refer to “Note 23 Provisions and contingent liabilities” for more information.  3Includes mainlynet real estate related restructuring charges of CHF 930 million, CHF 7993 million and CHF 25679 million for the years ended 31 December 2011,2012, 31 December 20102011 and 31 December 2009,2010, respectively. Refer to “Note 37 Reorganizations and disposals”Changes in organization” for more information.

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 8 Earnings per share (EPS) and shares outstanding

 

  As of or for the year ended  % change from 
    31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.09  31.12.10 
Basic earnings (CHF million)     
                  
Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders   4,159    7,534    (2,736  (45
                  

from continuing operations

   4,158    7,533    (2,719  (45
                  

from discontinued operations

   0    1    (17  (100
                  
Diluted earnings (CHF million)     
                  
Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders   4,159    7,534    (2,736  (45
                  
Less: (profit) / loss on equity derivative contracts   (3  (2  (5  50  
                  
Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders for diluted EPS   4,156    7,532    (2,741  (45
                  

from continuing operations

   4,155    7,531    (2,724  (45
                  

from discontinued operations

   0    1    (17  (100
                  
Weighted average shares outstanding     
                  
Weighted average shares outstanding for basic EPS   3,774,036,437    3,789,732,938    3,661,086,266    0  
                  
Potentially dilutive ordinary shares resulting from unvested exchangeable shares, in-the-money options and warrants outstanding1   61,259,378    48,599,111    754,948    26  
                  
Weighted average shares outstanding for diluted EPS   3,835,295,815    3,838,332,049    3,661,841,214    0  
                  
Potential ordinary shares from unexercised employee shares and in-the-money options not considered due to the anti-dilutive effect   0    0    20,166,373   
                  
Earnings per share (CHF)     
                  
Basic   1.10    1.99    (0.75  (45
                  

from continuing operations

   1.10    1.99    (0.74  (45
                  

from discontinued operations

   0.00    0.00    0.00   
                  
Diluted   1.08    1.96    (0.75  (45
                  

from continuing operations

   1.08    1.96    (0.74  (45
                  

from discontinued operations

   0.00    0.00    0.00   
                  
Shares outstanding     
                  
Ordinary shares issued   3,832,121,899    3,830,840,513    3,558,112,753    0  
                  
Treasury shares   84,955,551    38,892,031    37,553,872    118  
                  
Shares outstanding   3,747,166,348    3,791,948,482    3,520,558,881    (1
                  
Mandatory convertible notes and exchangeable shares2   509,243    580,261    273,264,461    (12
                  
Shares outstanding for EPS   3,747,675,591    3,792,528,743    3,793,823,342    (1
                  

1 Total equivalent shares outstanding on out-of-the-money options that were not dilutive for the respective periods but could potentially dilute earnings per share in the future were 244,151,646; 241,320,185 and 288,915,585 for the years ended 31 December 2011, 31 December 2010 and 31 December 2009, respectively. An additional 100 million ordinary shares (“contingent share issue”) related to the SNB transaction were not dilutive for any periods presented, but could potentially dilute earnings per share in the future.2 31 December 2009 includes 272,651,005 shares for the mandatory convertible notes issued to two investors in March 2008. All other numbers related to exchangeable shares.

Financial information

 

Balance sheet notes: assets

Note 9a Due from banks8 Earnings per share (EPS) and loans (held at amortized cost)shares outstanding

 

CHF million  31.12.11  31.12.10 
By type of exposure   
          
Banks, gross   23,235    17,158  
          
Allowance for credit losses   (17  (24
          
Net due from banks   23,218    17,133  
          
Loans, gross   
          

Residential mortgages

   125,775    122,499  
          

Commercial mortgages

   21,247    20,362  
          

Current accounts and loans1

   108,887    99,710  
          

Securities2

   11,520    21,392  
          
Subtotal   267,429    263,964  
          
Allowance for credit losses   (825  (1,087
          

of which: related to securities

   (83  (273
          
Net loans   266,604    262,877  
          
Net due from banks and loans (held at amortized cost)   289,822    280,010  
          
By geographical region (based on the location of the borrower)   
          
Switzerland   161,365    161,108  
          
United Kingdom   8,222    6,978  
          
Rest of Europe   24,396    21,257  
          
United States   48,542    50,701  
          
Asia Pacific   20,645    16,614  
          
Rest of the world   27,494    24,464  
          
Subtotal   290,664    281,121  
          
Allowance for credit losses   (842  (1,111
          
Net due from banks, loans (held at amortized cost)   289,822    280,010  
          
By type of collateral   
          
Secured by real estate   148,319    144,403  
          
Collateralized by securities   56,613    46,565  
          
Guarantees and other collateral   32,201    29,303  
          
Unsecured   53,532    60,851  
          
Subtotal   290,664    281,121  
          
Allowance for credit losses   (842  (1,111
          
Net due from banks, loans (held at amortized cost)   289,822    280,010  
          

 

  As of or for the year ended  % change from 
    31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.11 
Basic earnings (CHF million)     
                  
Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders   (2,511  4,138    7,452   
                  
Diluted earnings (CHF million)     
                  
Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders   (2,511  4,138    7,452   
                  
Less: (profit)/loss on UBS equity derivative contracts   (1  (3  (2  (67
                  
Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders for diluted EPS   (2,512  4,135    7,450   
                  
Weighted average shares outstanding     
                  
Weighted average shares outstanding for basic EPS   3,754,112,403    3,774,036,437    3,789,732,938    (1
                  
Effect of dilutive potential shares resulting from notional shares, in-the-money options and warrants outstanding   126,261    61,259,378    48,599,111    (100
                  
Weighted average shares outstanding for diluted EPS   3,754,238,664    3,835,295,815    3,838,332,049    (2
                  
Earnings per share (CHF)     
                  
Basic   (0.67  1.10    1.97   
                  
Diluted   (0.67  1.08    1.94   
                  
Shares outstanding     
                  
Shares issued   3,835,250,233    3,832,121,899    3,830,840,513    0  
                  
Treasury shares   87,879,601    84,955,551    38,892,031    3  
                  
Shares outstanding   3,747,370,632    3,747,166,348    3,791,948,482    0  
                  
Exchangeable shares   418,526    509,243    580,261    (18
                  
Shares outstanding for EPS   3,747,789,158    3,747,675,591    3,792,528,743    0  
                  

The table below outlines the potential shares which could potentially dilute basic earnings per share in the future, but were not dilutive for the periods presented:

   
Potentially dilutive instruments     
                  
Number of shares   31.12.12    31.12.11    31.12.10   
                  
Employee share-based compensation awards   233,256,208    219,744,203    189,567,472   
                  
Other equity derivative contracts   15,386,605    24,407,443    51,752,713   
                  
SNB warrants1   100,000,000    100,000,000    100,000,000   
                  
Total   348,642,813    344,151,646    341,320,185   
                  

1  Includes leveraged finance loansThese warrants relate to the SNB transaction. The SNB provided a loan to a fund owned and controlled by the SNB (the SNB StabFund), to which UBS transferred certain illiquid securities and other positions. As part of CHF 0.4 billion (gross of allowances) reclassified from held-for trading as of 31 December 2011 (31 December 2010: CHF 0.5 billion). Referthis arrangement, UBS granted warrants on shares to Note 1a)10) and Note 28b for more informationthe SNB, which become exercisable if the SNB incurs a loss on reclassified assets. Referits loan to Note 9b for more information on allowances for reclassified assets.  the SNB StabFund.2  Includes US student loan auction rate securities (ARS) of CHF 2.8 billion (gross of allowances) reclassified from held-for-trading as of 31 December 2011 (31 December 2010: CHF 4.3 billion), other securities of CHF 2.2 billion (gross of allowances) reclassified from held-for-trading as of 31 December 2011 (31 December 2010: CHF 7.4 billion) and CHF 6.5 billion (gross of allowances) similar acquired securities from clients as of 31 December 2011 (31 December 2010: CHF 9.7 billion). Refer to Note 1a)10) and Note 28b for more information on reclassified assets. Refer to Note 9b for more information on allowances for reclassified assets.

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

 

Balance sheet notes: assets

Note 9b Allowances9 Due from banks and provisions for credit lossesloans (held at amortized cost)

 

CHF million  Specific
allowances
  Collective loan
loss allowances
  Provisions1  Total 31.12.11  Total 31.12.10 
Balance at the beginning of the year   1,109    47    130    1,287    2,820  
                      
Write-offs / usage of provisions   (486  (1  (14  (501  (1,505
                      
Recoveries   51    0    0    51    79  
                      
Increase / (decrease) in credit loss allowances and provisions recognized in the income statement   22    84    (22  84    66  
                      
Foreign currency translation and other adjustments   18    0    (2  17    (173
                      
Balance at the end of the year   714    131    93    938    1,287  
                      

of which: a reduction of due from banks

   17    0     17    24  
                      

of which: a reduction of loans

   6942    131     825    1,087  
                      

of which: a reduction of cash collateral on securities borrowed

   3    0     3    46  
                      
CHF million  31.12.12  31.12.11 
By type of exposure   
          
Due from banks, gross   21,252    23,235  
          

of which: due from central banks

   638    317  
          
Allowance for credit losses   (22  (17
          
Due from banks, net   21,230    23,218  
          
Loans, gross   
          

Residential mortgages

   132,033    125,775  
          

Commercial mortgages

   22,421    21,247  
          

Lombard loans

   77,579    68,083  
          

Other loans1,2

   40,407    40,804  
          

Securities3

   8,166    11,520  
          
Subtotal   280,606    267,429  
          
Allowance for credit losses   (706  (825
          
Loans, net   279,901    266,604  
          
Total due from banks and loans, net4   301,130    289,822  
          

1 Provisions for loan commitments and guarantees, which are included in Other liabilities. Refer to “Note 21 Provisions and contingent liabilities” for more information. Refer to the “Financial and operating performance” section of this report for the maximum irrevocable amount of loan commitments and guarantees.  2  Includes allowances of CHF 43 million (31 December 2010: CHF 157 million) related to US student loan auction rate securities reclassified from held-for-trading, CHF 25 million (31 December 2010: CHF 63 million) related to other securities reclassified from held-for-trading, CHF 15 million (31 December 2010: CHF 52 million) related to similar acquired securities and CHF 32 million (31 December 2010: CHF 33 million) related tocorporate loans.2Includes leveraged finance loans reclassified from held-for trading. Refer to “Note 1a) 10)” and “Note 29b Reclassification of financial assets” for more information.3Includes securities reclassified from held-for-trading. Refer to Note“Note 1a)10) and Note 28b“Note 29b Reclassification of financial assets” for more information.4 Refer to “Note 29c Maximum exposure to credit risk” for information on reclassified assets.collateral and other credit enhancements.

Note 10 Cash collateral on securities borrowed and lent, reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements, and derivative instruments

 

 

The Group enters into collateralized reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements, securities borrowing and securities lending transactions and derivative transactions that may result in credit exposure in the event that the counterparty to the transaction is unable to fulfill its contractual obligations. The Group controlsmanages

credit risk associated with these activities by monitoring counterpartycounter-party credit exposure and collateral values on a daily basis and requiring additional collateral to be deposited with or returned to the Group when deemed necessary.

 

 

Balance sheet assets

 

CHF million  Cash collateral
on securities
borrowed
31.12.11
   Reverse
repurchase
agreements
31.12.11
   Cash collateral
receivables
on derivative
instruments
31.12.11
   Cash collateral on
securities borrowed
31.12.10
   Reverse
repurchase
agreements
31.12.10
   Cash collateral
receivables
on derivative
instruments
31.12.10
   Cash collateral
on securities
borrowed
31.12.12
   Reverse
repurchase
agreements
31.12.12
   Cash collateral
receivables
on  derivative
instruments
31.12.12
   Cash collateral on
securities borrowed
31.12.11
   Reverse
repurchase
agreements
31.12.11
   Cash collateral
receivables
on derivative
instruments
31.12.11
 
By counterparty                        
                                    
Banks   17,236     133,010     22,341     20,302     91,788     20,230     15,977     56,775     12,393     17,236     133,010     22,341  
                                    
Customers   41,527     80,491     18,980     42,153     51,002     17,841     21,396     74,165     18,021     41,527     80,491     18,980  
                                    
Total   58,763     213,501     41,322     62,454     142,790     38,071     37,372     130,941     30,413     58,763     213,501     41,322  
                                    
Balance sheet liabilities                        
                                    
CHF million  Cash collateral
on securities
lent
31.12.11
   Repurchase
agreements
31.12.11
   Cash collateral
payables
on derivative
instruments
31.12.11
   Cash collateral on
securities lent
31.12.10
   Repurchase
agreements
31.12.10
   Cash collateral
payables
on derivative
instruments
31.12.10
   

Cash collateral
on securities
lent

31.12.12

   Repurchase
agreements
31.12.12
   Cash collateral
payables
on derivative
instruments
31.12.12
   

Cash collateral on
securities lent

31.12.11

   Repurchase
agreements
31.12.11
   Cash collateral
payables
on derivative
instruments
31.12.11
 
By counterparty                        
                                    
Banks   7,601     16,986     38,890     5,820     28,201     34,930     8,572     13,727     46,101     7,601     16,986     38,890  
                                    
Customers   536     85,443     28,224     831     46,595     23,994     630     23,912     25,047     536     85,443     28,224  
                                    
Total   8,136     102,429     67,114     6,651     74,796     58,924     9,203     37,639     71,148     8,136     102,429     67,114  
                                    

Financial information

 

Note 11 Trading portfolioAllowances and provisions for credit losses

 

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10 
Trading portfolio assets by issuer type    
           
Debt instruments    
           
Government and government agencies   62,118     83,952  
           

of which: Switzerland

   418     13,292  
           

of which: United States

   22,958     19,843  
           

of which: Japan

   14,258     25,996  
           

of which: United Kingdom

   3,709     2,707  
           

of which: Germany

   3,547     3,679  
           

of which: Australia

   3,540     4,463  
           
Banks   10,597     14,711  
           
Corporates and other1   36,330     48,818  
           
Total debt instruments1   109,045     147,481  
           
Equity instruments1   37,400     44,335  
           
Financial assets for unit-linked investment contracts   16,376     18,056  
           
Financial assets held for trading   162,821     209,873  
           
Precious metals and other physical commodities   18,704     18,942  
           
Total trading portfolio assets   181,525     228,815  
           
Trading portfolio liabilities by issuer type    
           
Debt instruments    
           
Government and government agencies   18,913     29,628  
           

of which: Switzerland

   261     237  
           

of which: United States

   5,634     11,729  
           

of which: Japan

   3,894     7,699  
           

of which: United Kingdom

   1,946     3,103  
           

of which: Germany

   2,492     2,350  
           

of which: Australia

   756     953  
           
Banks   1,913     3,107  
           
Corporates and other1   4,716     5,474  
           
Total debt instruments1   25,542     38,209  
           
Equity instruments1   13,937     16,765  
           
Total trading portfolio liabilities   39,480     54,975  
           
CHF million                         
By movement   
 
Specific
allowances
  
  
  
 
Collective
allowances
  
  
  
 
Total
allowances
  
  
  Provisions1    Total 31.12.12    Total 31.12.11  
                          
Balance at the beginning of the year   714    131    845    93    938    1,287  
                          
Write-offs / usage of provisions   (312  (2  (313  0    (313  (501
                          
Recoveries   63    0    63    0    63    51  
                          
Increase / (decrease) recognized in the income statement   149    (15  134    (16  118    84  
                          
Unwind of discount   (3  0    (3  0    (3  18  
                          
Reclassifications   13    0    13    (13  0    0  
                          
Foreign currency translation   (8  0    (8  0    (8  (1
                          
Balance at the end of the year   616    114    730    64    794    938  
                          

1From 2011 onwards, investment fund units have been classified as Corporates Represents provisions for loan commitments and other debt instruments; previously these investment fund units were classified as equity instruments. The comparative period has been adjusted accordingly; referguarantees, which are included in Other liabilities. Refer to “Note 1b) Changes in accounting policies, comparability23 Provisions and other adjustments”contingent liabilities” for more information. Refer to the “Financial and operating performance” section of this report for the maximum irrevocable amount of loan commitments and guarantees.

By balance sheet line   
 
Specific
allowances
  
  
   
 
Collective
allowances
  
  
   
 
Total
allowances
  
  
   Provisions     Total 31.12.12     Total 31.12.11  
                               
Due from banks   22     0     22       22     17  
                               
Loans   591     114     706       706     825  
                               
Cash collateral on securities borrowed   2     0     2       2     3  
                               
Provisions1         64     64     93  
                               
Balance at the end of the year   616     114     730     64     794     938  
                               

1 Represents provisions for loan commitments and guarantees.

363


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

 

Note 1112 Trading portfolio (continued)

 

 

  31.12.11   31.12.10 
CHF million  Level 1   Level 2   Level 3   Total      
Trading portfolio assets by product type          
                          
Debt instruments          
                          
Government bills / bonds   34,449     10,753     95     45,297     66,435  
                          
Corporate bonds, municipal bonds, including bonds issued by financial institutions   695     29,699     2,371     32,765     47,237  
                          
Loans   0     2,698     1,390     4,088     5,543  
                          
Investment fund units1   3,779     6,048     33     9,859     13,171  
��                         
Asset-backed securities   9,513     3,785     3,737     17,035     15,098  
                          

of which: mortgage-backed securities

   9,513     2,673     1,684     13,868     10,355  
                          
Total debt instruments1   48,436     52,983     7,625     109,045     147,481  
                          
Equity instruments1   35,312     1,933     155     37,400     44,335  
                          
Financial assets for unit-linked investment contracts   15,616     760     0     16,376     18,056  
                          
Financial assets held for trading   99,363     55,677     7,781     162,821     209,873  
                          
Precious metals and other physical commodities         18,704     18,942  
                          
Total trading portfolio assets         181,525     228,815  
                          
Trading portfolio liabilities by product type          
                          
Debt instruments          
                          
Government bills / bonds   15,418     1,608     0     17,026     26,650  
                          
Corporate bonds, municipal bonds, including bonds issued by financial institutions   471     6,315     335     7,122     10,525  
                          
Investment fund units1   921     161     1     1,083     834  
                          
Asset-backed securities   0     17     296     312     200  
                          

of which: mortgage-backed securities

   0     9     278     287     123  
                          
Total debt instruments1   16,809     8,101     632     25,542     38,209  
                          
Equity instruments1   13,621     313     3     13,937     16,765  
                          
Total trading portfolio liabilities   30,430     8,414     636     39,480     54,975  
                          
CHF million  31.12.12   31.12.11 
Trading portfolio assets by issuer type    
           
Debt instruments    
           
Government and government agencies   37,594     62,118  
           

of which: Switzerland

   492     418  
           

of which: USA

   16,377     22,958  
           

of which: United Kingdom

   3,123     3,709  
           

of which: Australia

   2,249     3,540  
           

of which: Japan

   2,174     14,258  
           

of which: Germany

   1,930     3,547  
           
Banks   8,547     10,611  
           
Corporates and other   34,911     38,420  
           
Total debt instruments   81,052     111,1491 
           
Equity instruments   47,438     35,2961 
           
Financial assets for unit-linked investment contracts   15,277     16,376  
           
Financial assets held for trading   143,767     162,821  
           
Precious metals and other physical commodities   17,093     18,704  
           
Total trading portfolio assets   160,861     181,525  
           
Trading portfolio liabilities by issuer type    
           
Debt instruments    
           
Government and government agencies   16,115     18,913  
           

of which: Switzerland

   280     261  
           

of which: USA

   7,387     5,634  
           

of which: United Kingdom

   979     1,946  
           

of which: Australia

   568     756  
           

of which: Japan

   2,059     3,894  
           

of which: Germany

   1,610     2,492  
           
Banks   1,475     1,913  
           
Corporates and other   2,943     4,716  
           
Total debt instruments   20,533     25,542  
           
Equity instruments   13,621     13,937  
           
Total trading portfolio liabilities   34,154     39,480  
           

1 From 2011 onwards,In 2012, we corrected the classification of certain investment fund units have been classified as debt instruments;which were previously these investment fund units were classified as equity instruments rather than debt instruments. The comparative period has been adjusted accordingly; refer to “Note 1b) Changes in accounting policies, comparabilityAs a result, equity instruments were reduced by CHF 2,104 million as of 31 December 2011, and other adjustments” for more information.debt instruments were increased by CHF 2,104 million as of 31 December 2011.

Financial information

 

Note 12 Trading portfolio (continued)

 

  31.12.121   31.12.11 
    Level 1   Level 2   Level 3   Total      
Trading portfolio assets by product type          
                          
Debt instruments          
                          
Government bills/bonds   22,180     6,445     113     28,737     45,297  
                          
Corporate bonds, municipal bonds, including bonds issued by financial institutions   954     21,436     1,610     24,000     32,765  
                          
Loans   0     4,125     2,004     6,129     4,088  
                          
Investment fund units   2,970     10,585     75     13,629     11,9632 
                          
Asset-backed securities   3,637     3,427     1,493     8,556     17,035  
                          

of which: mortgage-backed securities

   3,637     2,320     803     6,760     13,868  
                          
Total debt instruments   29,740     46,017     5,295     81,052     111,1492 
                          
Equity instruments   46,994     296     148     47,438     35,2962 
                          
Financial assets for unit-linked investment contracts   14,557     442     278     15,277     16,376  
                          
Financial assets held for trading   91,290     46,755     5,721     143,767     162,821  
                          
Precious metals and other physical commodities         17,093     18,704  
                          
Total trading portfolio assets         160,861     181,525  
                          
Trading portfolio liabilities by product type          
                          
Debt instruments          
                          
Government bills/bonds   14,093     648     0     14,741     17,026  
                          
Corporate bonds, municipal bonds, including bonds issued by financial institutions   789     4,459     137     5,386     7,122  
                          
Investment fund units   140     243     0     383     1,083  
                          
Asset-backed securities   14     4     4     22     312  
                          

of which: mortgage-backed securities

   14     4     3     22     287  
                          
Total debt instruments   15,036     5,356     141     20,533     25,542  
                          
Equity instruments   13,518     93     11     13,621     13,937  
                          
Total trading portfolio liabilities   28,554     5,449     151     34,154     39,480  
                          

1Refer to “Note 27 Fair value of financial instruments” for more information on the fair value hierarchy categorization.  2In 2012, we corrected the classification of certain investment fund units which were previously classified as equity instruments rather than debt instruments. As a result, equity instruments were reduced by CHF 2,104 million as of 31 December 2011, and investment fund units within debt instruments were increased by CHF 2,104 million as of 31 December 2011.

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 1213 Financial assets designated at fair value

 

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.101 
Loans   2,358     2,173  
           
Structured loans   960     833  
           
Reverse repurchase and securities borrowing agreements   6,071     4,383  
           

of which: banks

   3,514     3,038  
           

of which: customers

   2,557     1,345  
           
Other debt instruments   218     258  
           
Financial assets designated at fair value – debt instruments   9,607     7,647  
           
Investment fund units and other   730     856  
           
Total financial assets designated at fair value   10,336     8,504  
           

1 In 2011, we corrected the amounts presented for 31 December 2010. As a result, Loans were reduced by CHF 158 million, Structured loans were reduced by CHF 96 million and Reverse repurchase and securities borrowing agreements of which: banks were increased by CHF 254 million.

CHF million  31.12.12   31.12.11 
Loans   1,611     2,358  
           
Structured loans   1,187     960  
           
Reverse repurchase and securities borrowing agreements   5,466     6,071  
           

of which: banks

   2,500     3,514  
           

of which: customers

   2,966     2,557  
           
Investment funds and investments in associates   608     730  
           
Other debt instruments   234     218  
           
Total financial assets designated at fair value   9,106     10,336  
           

 

The maximum exposure to credit risk offrom financial assets designated at fair value – debt instruments is equal to the fair value except for Other debt instruments.Loans, Structured loans and reverse repurchase and securities borrowing agreements. The maximum exposure is mitigated by collateral, which mainly relates to structured loans and reverse repurchase and securities borrowing agreements of CHF 6,9196,694 million and CHF 3,9296,919 million for 31 December 20112012 and 31 December 2010,2011, respectively. These collateral values are capped at the maximum exposure to credit risk for which they serve as security.

Other debt instruments mainly reflect loan commitments and letters of credit designated at fair value which have a maximum exposure to

exposure to credit risk of CHF 4,4234,237 million and CHF 2,1984,423 million as of 31 December 20112012 and as of 31 December 2010,2011, respectively. The maximum exposure to credit risk of these instruments is generally hedged through derivative transactions.

Investment fund units and other areinvestment in associates do not directly exposedhave a direct exposure to credit risk.

The maximum exposure to credit risk of loans, but not structured loans, is generally mitigated by credit derivatives or similar instruments. Information regarding these instruments and the exposure which they mitigate is provided in the table below on a notional basis.

 

 

Notional amounts of loans designated at fair value and related credit derivatives

 

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.12   31.12.11 
Loans – notional amount   2,595     2,204     2,102     2,595  
            
Credit derivatives related to loans – notional amount1   1,404     1,730     1,025     1,404  
            
Credit derivatives related to loans – fair value1   37     (5   2     37  
            

1Credit derivatives contracts include credit default swaps, total return swaps and similar instruments.

The table below provides the impact to the fair values of loans from changes in credit risk for the periods presented and cumulatively since inception. Similarly, the change in fair value of credit derivatives and similar instruments which are used to hedge these loans is also provided.

Changes in fair value of loans and related credit derivatives attributable to changes in credit risk

 

  For the year ended Cumulative from inception
until the year ended
    For the year ended Cumulative from inception
until the year ended
 
CHF million  31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.11 31.12.10    31.12.12 31.12.11 31.12.12 31.12.11 
Changes in fair value of loans designated at fair value, attributable to changes in credit risk1   (15  100    (49  (27    22    (15  (10  (49
       
Changes in fair value of credit derivatives and similar instruments which mitigate the maximum exposure to credit risk of loans designated at fair value1   35    (94  37    (5    (18  35    2    37  
       

1 Current and cumulative changes in the fair value of loans designated at fair value, attributable to changes in their credit risk are only calculated for those loans outstanding at balance sheet date. Current and cumulative changes in the fair value of credit derivatives hedging such loans include all the derivatives which have been used to mitigate credit risk of these loans since designation at fair value. For loans reported under the fair value option, changes in fair value due to changes in the credit standing of the borrower are calculated using counterparty credit information obtained from independent market sources.

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 13 Financial investments available-for-sale

CHF million  31.12.11  31.12.10 
Financial investments available-for-sale by issuer type   
          
Debt instruments   
          
Government and government agencies   47,144    67,552  
          

of which: Switzerland

   357    3,206  
          

of which: United States

   25,677    38,070  
          

of which: Japan

   8,854    6,541  
          

of which: United Kingdom

   3,477    8,303  
          

of which: France

   2,170    3,005  
          
Banks   4,271    5,091  
          
Corporates and other1   1,060    1,206  
          
Total debt instruments1   52,475    73,850  
          
Equity instruments1   699    918  
          
Total financial investments available-for-sale   53,174    74,768  
          
Unrealized gains – before tax   477    514  
          
Unrealized (losses) – before tax2   (55  (662
          
Net unrealized gains / (losses) – before tax   422    (148
          
Net unrealized gains / (losses) – after tax   250    (243
          

1From 2011 onwards, investment fund units have been classified as Corporates and other debt instruments; previously these investment fund units were classified as equity instruments. The comparative period has been adjusted accordingly; refer to “Note 1b) Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” for more information.2Includes losses of CHF 28 million with a duration of more than 12 months as of 31 December 2011 (31 December 2010: CHF 31 million).

 

  31.12.11   31.12.10 
CHF million  Level 1   Level 2   Level 3   Total      
Financial investments available-for-sale by product          
                          
Debt instruments          
                          
Government bills / bonds   33,999     868     33     34,899     57,642  
                          
Corporate bonds, municipal bonds, including bonds issued by financial institutions   632     7,881     77     8,590     11,670  
                          
Investment fund units1   24     416     5     445     441  
                          
Asset-backed securities   0     8,541     0     8,541     4,097  
                          

of which: mortgage-backed securities

   0     8,541     0     8,541     4,093  
                          
Total debt instruments1   34,654     17,706     115     52,475     73,850  
                          
Equity instruments          
                          
Shares   155     30     296     481     690  
                          
Private Equity investments   0     1     216     218     227  
                          
Total equity instruments1   155     32     512     699     918  
                          
Total financial investments available-for-sale   34,810     17,738     627     53,174     74,768  
                          

1 From 2011 onwards, investment fund units have been classified as debt instruments; previously these investment fund units were classified as equity instruments. The comparative period has been adjusted accordingly. Refer to “Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies” for more information.

Financial information

 

Note 14 Investments in associatesFinancial investments available-for-sale

 

CHF million  31.12.11  31.12.10 
Carrying amount at the beginning of the year   790    870  
          
Additions   1    19  
          
Disposals   (4  (93
          
Income   42    86  
          
Other comprehensive income   (27  (1
          
Impairments   0    (6
          
Dividends paid   (28  (29
          
Foreign currency translation   21    (55
          
Carrying amount at the end of the year   795    790  
          
CHF million  31.12.12  31.12.11 
Financial investments available-for-sale by issuer type   
          
Debt instruments   
          
Government and government agencies   58,973    47,144  
          

of which: Switzerland

   156    357  
          

of which: USA

   31,740    25,677  
          

of which: Germany

   6,669    1,991  
          

of which: United Kingdom

   5,042    3,477  
          

of which: Japan

   4,221    8,854  
          

of which: France

   3,593    2,170  
          
Banks   4,200    4,271  
          
Corporates and other   2,486    1,060  
          
Total debt instruments   65,659    52,475  
          
Equity instruments   725    699  
          
Total financial investments available-for-sale   66,383    53,174  
          
Unrealized gains – before tax   447    477  
          
Unrealized (losses) – before tax   (26  (55
          
Net unrealized gains / (losses) – before tax   421    422  
          
Net unrealized gains / (losses) – after tax   270    250  
          

Significant associated companies of the Group had the following balance sheet and income statement totals on an aggregated basis, not adjusted for the Group’s proportionate interest.

 

  31.12.121   31.12.11 
CHF million  Level 1   Level 2   Level 3   Total      
Financial investments available-for-sale by product type                         
Debt instruments          
                          
Government bills / bonds   46,351     646     33     47,031     34,899  
                          
Corporate bonds, municipal bonds, including bonds issued by financial institutions   2,055     8,830     55     10,940     8,590  
                          
Investment fund units   35     114     225     375     445  
                          
Asset-backed securities   0     7,313     0     7,313     8,541  
                          

of which: mortgage-backed securities

   0     7,313     0     7,313     8,541  
                          
Total debt instruments   48,442     16,903     314     65,659     52,475  
                          
Equity instruments          
                          
Shares   102     35     410     547     481  
                          
Private equity investments   0     0     177     177     218  
                          
Total equity instruments   102     35     588     725     699  
                          
Total financial investments available-for-sale   48,543     16,939     901     66,383     53,174  
                          

1 Refer to “Note 33 Significant subsidiaries and associates”.

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10 
Assets   5,806     6,391  
           
Liabilities   3,789     4,391  
           
Revenues   1,356     1,371  
           
Net profit   181     239  
           

Note 15 Property and equipment

At historical cost less accumulated depreciation  
CHF million  Own-used
properties
  Leasehold
improvements
  IT hardware,
software and
communication
  Other machines
and equipment
  Projects in
progress
  31.12.11  31.12.10 
Historical cost        
                              
Balance at the beginning of the year   8,617    2,832    4,002    700    213    16,364    17,1691 
                              
Additions   62    76    393    55    542    1,129    538  
                              
Additions from acquired companies   0    1    1    0    0    2    0  
                              
Disposals/ write-offs2   (69  (336  (357  (29  0    (791  (629)1 
                              
Reclassifications   67    93    5    11    (216  (40  (132
                              
Foreign currency translation   1    8    5    (1  6    19    (583
                              
Balance at the end of the year   8,679    2,674    4,049    736    545    16,683    16,3641 
                              
Accumulated depreciation        
                              
Balance at the beginning of the year   4,844    2,005    3,625    518    0    10,991    11,0731 
                              
Depreciation3   194    217    293    57    0    761    918  
                              
Disposals/ write-offs2   (69  (327  (328  (28  0    (752  (575)1 
                              
Reclassifications   (34  23    0    (1  0    (12  12  
                              
Foreign currency translation   (2  12    5    1    0    16    (437
                              
Balance at the end of the year   4,934    1,930    3,596    546    0    11,005    10,9911 
                              
Net book value at the end of the year4   3,745    744    453    190    545    5,678    5,373  
                              

1  In 2011, we corrected the amounts presented for 2010 for both historical cost and accumulated depreciation. Net book value at the end of the year was not impacted.  2  Includes write-offs of fully depreciated assets.  3  In 2011, amounts presented include a CHF 22 million net reversal of impairments of own used property, CHF 29 million net impairments of leasehold improvements and CHF 3 million net impairments of other machines and equipment.  4  Fire insurance27 Fair value of property and equipment is CHF 13,075 million (2010: CHF 13,092 million), predominantly related to real estate.financial instruments” for more information on the fair value hierarchy categorization.

Investment properties at fair value

 
CHF million  31.12.11  31.12.10 
Balance at the beginning of the year   94    116  
          
Additions   0    3  
          
Sales   (87  (23
          
Revaluations   4    2  
          
Reclassifications   (1  6  
          
Foreign currency translation   (1  (10
          
Balance at the end of the year   10    94  
          

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

 

Note 1615 Investments in associates

CHF million                           31.12.12  31.12.11 
Carrying amount at the beginning of the year             795    790  
                                   
Additions             4    1  
                                   
Disposals             (3  (4
                                   
Share of net profits of associates             88    42  
                                   
Other comprehensive income             25    (27
                                   
Dividends paid             (37  (28
                                   
Foreign currency translation             (12  21  
                                   
Carrying amount at the end of the year             858    795  
                                   

Significant associated companies of the Group had the following balance sheet and income statement totals on an aggregated basis, not adjusted for the Group’s proportionate interest. Refer to “Note 34 Significant subsidiaries and associates”.

 

   

 

   

As of or for the year ended

 
CHF million                           31.12.12  31.12.11 
Assets             6,265    5,806  
                                   
Liabilities             4,141    3,789  
                                   
Revenues             1,361    1,356  
                                   
Net profit             223    181  
                                   

Note 16 Property and equipment

 

                                  

At historic cost less accumulated depreciation

 

                                  
CHF million  Own-used
properties
   Leasehold
improvements
   IT hardware,
software and
communication
   Other machines
and equipment
   Projects in
progress
   31.12.12  31.12.11 
Historic cost             
                                   
Balance at the beginning of the year   8,679     2,674     4,049     736     545     16,683    16,364  
Additions   75     56     194     51     735     1,111    1,129  
Additions from acquired companies   0     0     0     0     0     0    2  
Disposals/write-offs1   (215)     (203)     (413)     (28)     0     (859  (791)  
Reclassifications   (229)     192     27     42     (452)     (420)5   (40)  
Foreign currency translation   (1)     (42)     (24)     (10)     (10)     (88  19  
Balance at the end of the year   8,307     2,677     3,833     792     819     16,428    16,683  
                                   
Accumulated depreciation             
Balance at the beginning of the year   4,934     1,930     3,596     546     0     11,005    10,991  
Depreciation and impairment2   202     208     216     63     0     689    761  
Disposals/write-offs1   (215)     (195)     (412)     (27)     0     (850  (752)  
Reclassifications   (260)     5     0     0     0     (255)5   (12)  
Foreign currency translation   0     (35)     (22)     (8)     0     (65  16  
Balance at the end of the year   4,660     1,912     3,378     574     0     10,524    11,005  
                                   
Net book value at the end of the year3,4   3,647     765     456     218     819     5,905    5,678  
                                   

1 Includes write-offs of fully depreciated assets.2 In 2012, amounts presented include a CHF 1 million net reversal of impairments of own used property (31 December 2011: CHF 22 million), CHF 27 million net impairments of leasehold improvements (31 December 2011: CHF 29 million), CHF 4 million impairments of IT, software and communication and CHF 5 million net impairments of other machines and equipment (31 December 2011: CHF 3 million).3 Fire insurance value of property and equipment is CHF 12,865 million (2011: CHF 13,075 million), predominantly related to real estate.4 As of 31 December 2012, contractual commitments to purchase property in the future amounted to approximately CHF 0.5 billion.5 Mainly reflects reclassifications to Investment properties at fair value (CHF 75 million on a net basis) presented in the table below and to Properties held for sale (CHF 89 million on a net basis) reported within Other assets.

 

       

Investment properties at fair value             
                                   
CHF million                           31.12.12  31.12.11 
Balance at the beginning of the year                            10    94  
Additions                            6    0  
Sales                            0    (87)  
Revaluations                            9    4  
Reclassifications                            75    (1)  
Foreign currency translation             0    (1)  
                                   
Balance at the end of the year             99    10  
                                   

Financial information

Note 17 Goodwill and intangible assets

 

 

Introduction

UBS performs an impairment test on its goodwill assets on an annual basis, or when indicators of impairment exist. UBS considers the segments as reported in “Note 2 Segment reporting” as separate cash-generating units. The impairment test is performed for each segment to which goodwill is allocated by comparing the recoverable amount with the carrying amount of the respective segment. An impairment charge is recognized if the carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount.

As of 31 December 2011,2012, the following fourthree segments carried goodwill: Wealth Management (CHF 1.3 billion), Wealth Management Americas (CHF 3.33.2 billion), and Global Asset Management (CHF 1.4 billion), and the Investment Bank (CHF 3.0 billion). For the purpose of testing goodwill for impairment, UBS considers the segments as reported in “Note 2a Segment reporting” as separate cash-generating units, and determines the recoverable amount of a segmentBased on the basis of the value in use. On the basis of the impairment testing methodology described below, UBS concluded that the year-end 2011goodwill balances as of goodwill31 December 2012 allocated to itsthese segments remain recoverable.

Impairment of Investment Bank goodwill and other non-financial assets

An impairment test was performed as of 30 September 2012 with respect to the Investment Bank because indicators of impairment were present for that cash-generating unit. These indicators included negative variances from planned performance, preliminary discussions regarding changes in strategy for the Investment Bank and revised business plan information taking into account changes in market conditions and the global economic outlook. The impairment test was based on the business plan approved by the Board of Directors on 29 October 2012. As a result of this impairment test, losses were recognized in the income statement relating to a full impairment of CHF 3,030 million for goodwill in the third quarter of 2012. Additional assets were examined to determine whether their carrying values exceeded their recoverable amounts. Impairment losses of CHF 15 million were recognized in the income statement for other intangible assets and CHF 19 million for property and equipment, both in the third quarter of 2012. These impairment losses were recognized in the Investment Bank’s 2012 operating results as Impairment of goodwill, Amortization and impairment of intangible assets, and Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment.

Methodology for goodwill impairment testing

The recoverable amount is determined using a discounted cash flow model, which uses inputs that consider features of the banking business and its regulatory environment. The recoverable amount of a segment is the sum of the discounted earnings attributable to shareholders from the first five individually forecasted years and the terminal value. The terminal value reflecting all periods beyond the fifth year is calculated on the basis of the forecast of fifth-year profit, the discount rate and the long-term growth rate.

The carrying amount for each segment is determined by reference to the Group’s equity attribution framework. Within this framework, which is described in the “Capital management”Management” section of this report, managementthe Board of Directors (BoD) attributes equity to the businesses after considering their risk exposure, pro-forma Basel III RWA usage, asset size (pro-forma Basel III Leverage Ratio denominator), goodwill and intangible assets. The framework is primarily used primarily for purposes of measuring the performance of the businesses and includes certain management assumptions. Attributed equity equates to the capital that a segment requires to conduct its business and is considered an appropriate starting point from which to determine the carrying value of the segments. The attributed equity methodology is aligned with the business planning process, the inputs from which are used in calculating the recoverable amounts of the respective cash-generating units.

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Refer to the “Capital Management” section of this report for more information on the equity attribution framework

Assumptions

Valuation parameters used within the Group’s impairment test model are linked to external market information where applicable. The model used to determine the recoverable amount is most sensitive to changes in the forecast earnings available to shareholders in years one to five, to changes in the discount rates, and to changes in the long-term growth rate. The applied long-term growth rate is based on long-term economic growth rates for different regions worldwide. Earnings available to shareholders are estimated based on forecast results, which are part of the Businessbusiness plan approved by the Board of Directors.BoD. The discount rates are determined

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 17 Goodwill and intangible assets (continued)

by applying a capital-asset-pricing-model-based approach, as well as considering quantitative and qualitative inputs from both internal and external analysts and the view of UBS’s management.

Key assumptions used to determine the recoverable amounts of each segment are tested for sensitivity by applying a reasonably possible change to those assumptions. Forecast earnings available to shareholders were changed by up to 20%10%, the discount rates were changed by 1% and the long-term growth rates were changed by 0.5%. Under all but one scenario,scenarios, the recoverable amounts for each ofsegment exceeded the segments exceeded their respective carrying amountsamount, such that the reasonably possible changes in key assumptions would not result in impairment. When forecast earnings from the Investment Bank are changed by 20%, the Investment Bank’s carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount. At 31 December 2011, the Investment Bank’s recoverable amount exceeds its carrying amount by CHF 3.8 billion. If forecast earnings for the Investment Bank were changed by approximately 12%, then the Investment Bank’s recoverable amount would be equal to its carrying amount.

If the estimated earnings and other assumptions in future periods deviate from the current outlook, the value of our goodwill may become impaired in the future, giving rise to losses in the income statement. This may be the case if the regulatory pressure on the banking industry further intensifies and conditions in the financial markets diminish our performance relative to forecast. Recognition of any impairment of goodwill would reduce IFRS Equityequity attributable to UBS shareholders and net profit. It would not impact cash flows and, as goodwill is required to be deducted from capital under the Basel capital framework, there would be no impact tois expected on the BIS tier 1Group capital ratio or BIS total capital ratio of the UBS Group.ratios.

 

 

Discount and growth rates

                     

  Discount rates   Growth rates   Discount rates   Growth rates 
In %  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.12 31.12.11   31.12.12   31.12.11 
Wealth Management   10.7     9.0     1.7     1.2     10.0    10.7     1.7     1.7  
                     
Wealth Management Americas   10.0     9.0     2.4     2.4     10.0    10.0     2.4     2.4  
                     
Investment Bank   13.01   12.0     2.4     2.4  
         
Global Asset Management   10.0     9.0     2.4     2.4     10.0    10.0     2.4     2.4  
                     
Investment Bank   12.0     11.0     2.4     2.4  
            

1 A discount rate of approximately 13% was used for the impairment test that was performed as of 30 September 2012 with respect to the Investment Bank. As the Investment Bank had no goodwill as of 31 December 2012, no impairment test was required at year end.

                          

 

  Goodwill  Intangible assets  

 

 
CHF million  Total  Infrastructure  Customer
relationships,
contractual
rights and other
  Total  31.12.12  31.12.11 
Historic cost       
                          
Balance at the beginning of the year   9,074    713    854    1,567    10,641    10,634  
                          
Additions   3     8    8    11    40  
                          
Disposals     (1  (1  (1  (2
                          
Write-offs   (3,030   (79  (79  (3,110  0  
                          
Foreign currency translation   (98  (17  (9  (26  (124  (32
                          
Balance at the end of the year   5,949    696    773    1,469    7,417    10,641  
                          
Accumulated amortization and impairment       
                          
Balance at the beginning of the year    399    547    946    946    812  
                          
Amortization    36    54    89    89    90  
                          
Impairment   3,030     17    17    3,047    37  
                          
Disposals      0    0    0  
                          
Write-offs   (3,030   (79  (79  (3,110  0  
                          
Foreign currency translation    (10  (7  (17  (17  8  
                          
Balance at the end of the year   0    424    532    956    956    946  
                          
Net book value at the end of the year   5,949    272    241    513    6,461    9,695  
                          

Financial information

 

Note 16 Goodwill and intangible assets (continued)

 

  Goodwill  Intangible assets  

 

 
CHF million  Total  Infrastructure   Customer
relationships,
contractual
rights and other
  Total  31.12.11  31.12.10 
Historical cost        
                           
Balance at the beginning of the year   9,115    710     809    1,519    10,634    11,795  
                           
Additions and reallocations   (7)1   0     47    47    40    34  
                           
Disposals   0    0     (2  (2  (2  (3
                           
Write-offs2   0    0     0    0    0    (1
                           
Foreign currency translation   (35  3     0    3    (32  (1,190
                           
Balance at the end of the year   9,074    713     854    1,567    10,641    10,634  
                           
Accumulated amortization and impairment        
                           
Balance at the beginning of the year   0    362     450    812    812    787  
                           
Amortization   0    34     56    90    90    105  
                           
Impairment   0    0     37    37    37    12  
                           
Disposals   0    0     0    0    0    0  
                           
Write-offs2   0    0     0    0    0    (1
                           
Foreign currency translation   0    4     4    8    8    (91
                           
Balance at the end of the year   0    399     547    946    946    812  
                           
Net book value at the end of the year   9,074    314     307    621    9,695    9,822  
                           

1Mainly includes the addition of CHF 11 million related to two business acquisitions completed in 2011, more than offset by a downward purchase price adjustment of CHF 20 million for an acquisition completed prior to the adoption of IFRS 3 revised. Refer to “Note 35 Business combinations” for more information.  2Represents write-offs of fully amortized intangible assets.

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 1617 Goodwill and intangible assets (continued)

 

The following table presents the disclosure of goodwill and intangible assets by business unit for the year ended 31 December 2011.2012.

 

CHF million  Balance
at the
beginning
of the
year
   

Additions
and

reallocations

  Disposals  Amortization  Impairment  Foreign
Currency
translation
  Balance
at the
end of
the
year
 
Goodwill         
                               
Wealth Management   1,351     (20)1      (12  1,319  
                               
Wealth Management Americas   3,303         (10  3,293  
                               
Global Asset Management   1,448     7       (13  1,442  
                               
Investment Bank   3,013     7       0    3,019  
                               
UBS   9,115     (7     (35  9,074  
                               
Intangible assets         
                               
Wealth Management   100     1     (6  (31  (2  62  
                               
Wealth Management Americas   425     6     (48   (1  382  
                               
Global Asset Management   40     9     (7  (1  (1  41  
                               
Investment Bank   143     30    (2  (30  (4  (1  136  
                               
UBS   707     47    (2  (90  (37  (5  621  
                               

1Reflects a downward purchase price adjustment of CHF 20 million for an acquisition completed prior to the adoption of IFRS 3 revised.

CHF million  Wealth
Management
   Wealth
Management
Americas
   Investment
Bank
   Global Asset
Management
   Corporate
Center
   UBS 
Goodwill            
                               
Balance at the beginning of the year   1,319     3,293     3,019     1,442          9,074  
Additions                  3          3  
Disposals                            0  
Impairment             (3,030)               (3,030)  
Foreign currency translation   (15)     (80)     11     (13)       (98)  
                               
Balance at the end of the year   1,304     3,213     0     1,432       5,949  
                               
Intangible assets            
                               
Balance at the beginning of the year   62     382     136     41          621  
Additions                       8     8  
Disposals             (1)               (1)  
Amortization   (4)     (51)     (25)     (8)     (2)     (89)  
Impairment   (2)          (15)               (17)  
Foreign currency translation     (8)     (1)     1       (9)  
                               
Balance at the end of the year   55     323     94     34     6     513  
                               

The estimated, aggregated amortization expenses for intangible assets are as follows:

 

CHF million  Intangible assets   Intangible assets 
Estimated, aggregated amortization expenses for:    
      
2012   90  
   
2013   83     75  
   
2014   76     75  
   
2015   75     74  
   
2016   63     65  
   
2017 and thereafter   212  
   
2017   57  
2018 and thereafter   146  
Not amortized due to indefinite useful life   22     20  
      
Total   621     513  
      

Note 1718 Other assets

 

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.12   31.12.11 
Prime brokerage receivables   6,103     16,395     8,072     6,103  
      
Deferred pension expenses1   3,300     3,174  
      
Settlement and clearing accounts   482     708     589     482  
      
Properties and other non-current assets held for sale   183     302     137     183  
      
VAT and other tax receivables   176     275     214     176  
      
Other receivables   2,222     1,827  
Other   2,043     2,222  
            
Total other assets   12,465     22,681     11,055     9,165  
            

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Balance sheet notes: liabilities

Note 19 Due to banks and customers

CHF million  31.12.12   31.12.11 
Due to banks   23,024     30,201  
           
Due to customers in savings and investment accounts   134,255     114,079  
           
Other amounts due to customers   237,637     228,330  
           
Total due to customers   371,892     342,409  
           
Total due to banks and customers   394,916     372,610  
           

Note 20 Financial liabilities designated at fair value1

 
CHF million  31.12.12   31.12.11 
Non-structured fixed rate bonds   4,967     4,114  
           
Structured debt instruments issued:    
           

Equity linked

   39,924     37,809  
           

Credit linked

   11,186     9,345  
           

Rates linked2

   18,606     19,853  
           

Other

   4,672     4,767  
           
Structured over-the-counter debt instruments:    
           

Equity linked

   3,536     5,556  
           

Other

   8,154     6,615  
           
Repurchase agreements   1,672     477  
           
Loan commitments3   161     445  
           
Total   92,878     88,982  
           

of which: own credit on financial liabilities designated at fair value

   292     (1,934
           

1  ReferIn 2012, presentational changes were made to “Note 29 Pensionthe disclosure of Financial liabilities designated at fair value. Non-structured fixed-rate bonds are now reported separately. Previously, these instruments were reported as Structured debt instruments issued, Other. In addition, the classification within Structured debt instruments issued and other post-employment benefit plans”Structured over-the-counter debt instruments was corrected for 31 December 2011.  2  Also includes non-structured rates-linked debt instruments issued.  3  Loan commitments recognized as “Financial liabilities designated at fair value” until drawn and recognized as loans. See Note 1a) 8) for additional information.

As of this report31 December 2012, the contractual redemption amount at maturity of Financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss was CHF 0.2 billion higher than the carrying value. As of 31 December 2011, the contractual redemption amount at maturity of such liabilities was CHF 6.1 billion higher than the carrying value.

As of 31 December 2012 and 31 December 2011, the Group had CHF 92,878 million and CHF 88,982 million, respectively, of financial liabilities designated at fair value, comprised of both CHF and non-CHF denominated fixed-rate and floating-rate debt.

The table on the following page shows the contractual maturity of the carrying value of financial liabilities designated at fair

value, split between fixed-rate and floating-rate based on the contractual terms and ignoring any early redemption features. Interest rate ranges for more information.future interest payments related to these financial liabilities designated at fair value have not been included in the table below as a majority of these liabilities are structured products, and therefore the future interest payments are highly dependent upon the embedded derivative and prevailing market conditions at the time each interest payment is made.

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Refer to the “Maturity analysis of financial liabilities” table in the “Treasury management” section of this report for information on maturities on an undiscounted cash flow basis.

Financial information

 

Balance sheet notes: liabilities

Note 18 Due to banks and customers

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10 
Due to banks   30,201     41,490  
           
Due to customers in savings and investment accounts   114,079     104,607  
           
Other amounts due to customers   228,330     227,694  
           
Total due to customers   342,409     332,301  
           
Total due to banks and customers   372,610     373,791  
           
Note 19 Financial liabilities designated at fair value and debt issued held at amortized cost    
           
Financial liabilities designated at fair value  
           
CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.101 
Bonds and structured debt instruments issued    
           
Equity linked   40,104     47,810  
           
Credit linked   10,481     13,100  
           
Rates linked   22,561     23,462  
           
Other   1,912     3,671  
           
Total   75,059     88,043  
           
Structured debt instruments – OTC   13,001     12,475  
           
Repurchase agreements   477     93  
           
Loan commitments2   445     145  
           
Total   88,982     100,756  
           

1 In 2011, we corrected the classification of bonds and structured debt instruments issued.2 Loan commitments recognized as “Financial liabilities designated at fair value” until drawn down and recognized as loans. See Note 1a) 8) for additional information.

As of 31 December 2011, the contractual redemption amount at maturity ofFinancial liabilities designated at fair valuethrough profit or loss was CHF 6.1 billion higher than the carrying value. As of 31 December 2010, the contractual redemption amount at maturity of such liabilities was

CHF 3.7 billion higher than the carrying value. The 2010 number has been corrected from CHF 11.1 billion to CHF 3.7 billion. Refer to Note 1a) 8) for details on20 Financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss.(continued)

 

Debt issued (held at amortized cost)  
           
CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10 
Short-term debt   71,377     56,039  
           
Long-term debt:    
           

Senior bonds

   53,113     54,627  
           

Subordinated bonds

   7,035     8,547  
           
Debt issued through the central bond institutions of the Swiss regional or cantonal banks   7,141     8,455  
           
Medium-term notes   1,951     2,605  
           
Total1   140,617     130,271  
           
Contractual maturity of carrying value1                                             
                  
CHF million, except where indicated  2013   2014   2015   2016   2017   2018–2022   Thereafter   Total
31.12.12
   Total
31.12.11
 
UBS AG (Parent Bank)                  
                                              
Non-subordinated debt                  
                                              

Fixed rate

   6,299     3,017     2,620     1,201     2,933     2,182     3,052     21,304     18,935  
                                              

Floating rate

   19,281     7,725     7,739     3,939     5,504     4,922     8,878     57,538     58,862  
                                              
Subtotal   25,579     10,742     10,359     5,140     7,987     7,104     11,930     78,841     77,797  
                                              
Subsidiaries                  
                                              
Non-subordinated debt                  
                                              

Fixed rate

   259     317     156     240     191     651     1,330     3,145     3,035  
                                              

Floating rate

   2,851     541     1,677     3,176     815     1,322     510     10,891     8,150  
                                              
Subtotal   3,110     859     1,834     3,416     1,006     1,973     1,840     14,036     11,185  
                                              
Total   28,689     11,601     12,193     8,557     8,992     9,076     13,769     92,878     88,982  
                                              

1In 2012, presentational changes were made to the contractual maturity table. Financial liabilities designated at fair value are presented separately from Debt issued held at amortized cost. In 2011, the contractual maturities of Financial liabilities designated at fair value and Debt issued held at amortized cost were presented on a combined basis. In addition, the classification between fixed rate and floating rate debt was corrected for 31 December 2011.

Note 21 Debt issued held at amortized cost

CHF million  31.12.12   31.12.11 
Certificates of deposit   11,153     31,383  
           
Commercial paper   7,792     22,133  
           
Other short-term debt   13,548     17,861  
           
Short-term debt   32,493     71,377  
           
Non-structured fixed rate bonds   31,197     37,515  
           
Covered bonds   15,116     9,788  
           
Subordinated debt   10,646     7,035  
           
Debt issued through the central bond institutions of the Swiss regional or cantonal banks   7,585     7,141  
           
Medium-term notes   1,341     1,951  
           
Other long-term debt   6,278     5,810  
           
Long-term debt   72,163     69,240  
           
Total debt issued held at amortized cost1   104,656     140,617  
           

1 Net of bifurcated embedded derivatives with a net fair value of CHF 955233 million as of 31 December 20112012 (31 December 2010:2011: CHF 1,357955 million).

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 19 Financial liabilities designated at fair value and debt issued held at amortized cost (continued)

 

The Group uses interest rate and foreign exchange derivatives to manage the risks inherent in certain debt issues (heldinstruments held at amortized cost).cost. In certain cases, the Group applies hedge accounting for interest rate risk as discussed in Note 1a) 15) and “Note 2325 Derivative instruments and hedge accountingaccounting”. As a result of applying hedge accounting, as of 31 December 2011 and 31 December 2010, the carrying value of debt issued wasincreased by CHF 2,608 million and by CHF 2,051 million as of 31 December 2012 and CHF 913 million higher,31 December 2011, respectively, reflecting changes in fair value due to interest rate movements.

The Group issues both CHF- and non-CHF- denominated fixed-rate and floating-rate debt.

Subordinated debt securities are unsecured obligations of the Group that are subordinated in right of payment to all other present and future senior indebtedness and also to certain other obligations of the Group. As of 31 December 20112012 and 31 December 2010,2011, the

Group had CHF 7,03510,646 million and CHF 8,5477,035 million, inrespectively, of subordinated debt, which included CHF 3,656 million and CHF 0 million of loss-absorbing capital notes as of 31 December 2012 and 31 December 2011, respectively.

A majority of the subordinated debt outstanding as of 31 December 2011 pays a2012 were fixed rate of interest,issuances, with the remainder paying floating-ratefloating rate interest based on three-month or six-month London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR). Both the fixed and floating rate instruments provide for a single principal payment upon maturity.

As of 31 December 20112012 and 31 December 2010,2011, the Group had CHF 137,26394,009 million and CHF 153,730133,581 million, in unsubordinatedrespectively, of non-subordinated debt (excluding short-term debt, compound debt instruments – OTC, repurchase agreementsissued held at amortized cost, comprised of both CHF and loan commitments designatednon-CHF denominated fixed rate and floating rate debt.

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 21 Debt issued held at fair value), respectively.amortized cost (continued)

The following table shows the contractual maturity of the carrying value of debt issued, split between fixed-ratefixed rate and floating-rate debt issuesfloating rate based on the contractual terms and does not considerignoring any early redemption features. It should be noted that theThe Group uses interest rate swaps to hedge manythe majority of the fixed-rate debt issues,

issued, which changes their re-pricing characteristics into those of floating-ratesimilar to floating rate debt.

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Refer to the “Maturity analysis of financial liabilities” table in the “Treasury management” section of this report for information on maturities on an undiscounted cash flow basis.

 

 

Contractual maturity dates                                             

Contractual maturity of carrying value1

Contractual maturity of carrying value1

  

CHF million, except where indicated  2012   2013   2014   2015   2016   2017–2021   Thereafter   Total
31.12.11
   Total
31.12.10
   2013   2014   2015   2016   2017   2018–2022   Thereafter   Total
31.12.12
   Total
31.12.11
 
UBS AG (Parent Bank)                                    
                                                      
Senior debt                  
Non-subordinated debt                  
                                                      

Fixed rate

   61,969     15,694     10,443     8,193     4,865     20,365     5,486     127,015     116,1931    33,841     7,414     7,178     4,974     8,631     13,875     1,504     77,417     99,818  
                                                      

Interest rates (range in %)

   0–10.0     0–10.0     0–8.8     0–8.4     0–10.0     0–8.4     0–8.0         0–6.3     0–5.6     0–3.9     0–6.4     0–5.9     0–6.6     0–2.8      
                                                      

Floating rate

   19,620     10,244     6,471     6,087     4,235     6,280     11,403     64,339     81,9461    4,832     1,614     18     0     0     0     2,733     9,198     13,739  
                                                      
Subordinated debt                                    
                                                      

Fixed rate

   0     0     386     1,064     1,422     2,457     1,022     6,350     6,412     3     398     1,059     1,379     673     5,432     1,010     9,955     6,350  
                                                      

Interest rates (range in %)

       3.1     2.4–7.4     3.1–5.9     4.1–7.4     6.4–8.8         4.3–7.2     3.1     2.4–7.4     3.1–5.9     4.1–7.4     4.1–7.6     6.4–8.8      
                                                      

Floating rate

   0     0     0     0     0     685     0     685     2,134     0     0     0     0     0     692     0     692     685  
                                                      
Subtotal   81,589     25,938     17,300     15,344     10,522     29,787     17,911     198,390     206,685     38,676     9,427     8,255     6,353     9,305     19,998     5,248     97,261     120,593  
                                                      
Subsidiaries                                    
                                                      
Senior debt                  
Non-subordinated debt                  
                                                      

Fixed rate

   17,961     266     137     104     713     3,411     849     23,443     14,396     5,225     172     3     557     105     28     11     6,100     18,551  
                                                      

Interest rates (range in %)

   0–8.2     0–2.8     0–7.6     0–7.4     0–8.3     0–8.1     0–6.2         0–0.8     0–7.6     0     0–8.3     0–8.1     0     0–6.2      
                                                      

Floating rate

   605     1,327     624     1,076     313     1,328     2,492     7,766     9,947     54     0     0     0     0     2     1,238     1,294     1,473  
                                                      
Subtotal   18,566     1,593     762     1,181     1,027     4,739     3,341     31,208     24,342     5,278     172     3     557     105     30     1,249     7,394     20,024  
                     ��                                
Total   100,155     27,531     18,062     16,525     11,548     34,526     21,252     229,599     231,027     43,954     9,599     8,258     6,910     9,409     20,029     6,497     104,656     140,617  
                                                      

1In 2012, presentational changes were made to the contractual maturity table. Debt issued held at amortized cost is presented separately from Financial liabilities designated at fair value. In 2011, we corrected the splitcontractual maturities of Debt issued held at amortized cost and Financial liabilities designated at fair value were presented on a combined basis. In addition, the classification between fixed rate and floating rate senior debt. Total fixed rate senior debt was corrected from CHF 138,767 million to CHF 116,193 million. Total floating rate senior debt was corrected from CHF 59,372 million to CHF 81,946 million. Total senior debt was not impacted.for 31 December 2011.

Note 22 Other liabilities

 

CHF million  31.12.12  31.12.11 
Prime brokerage payables   35,620    36,746  
          
Amounts due under unit-linked investment contracts   15,346    16,481  
          
Deferred compensation plans   1,541    1,578  
          
Net defined benefit pension and post-employment liability1,2   1,284    3,135  
          
Third-party interest in consolidated limited partnerships   1,138    1,378  
          
Settlement and clearing accounts   991    874  
          
VAT and other tax payables   606    492  
          
Current and deferred tax liabilities3   586    573  
          
Other   2,7914   1,526  
          
Total other liabilities   59,902    62,784  
          

The table above indicates fixed interest rate coupons on the Group’s bonds. The high or low coupons generally relate1 Refer to structured debt issues prior“Note 30 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans” for more information.  2  Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” for more information with regard to the separationadoption of embedded derivatives. As a result, the stated interest rate on such debt issues

generally does not reflect the effective interest rate the Group is payingIAS 19R.  3  Refer to service its debt after the embedded derivative has been separated“Note 24 Income taxes” for more information.  4  Includes liabilities of CHF 1.4 billion arising from fines and where applicable, the application of hedge accounting.disgorgement resulting from regulatory investigations concerning LIBOR and other benchmark rates. Refer to “Note 23 Provisions and contingent liabilities” for more information.

Financial information

 

Note 20 Other liabilities

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10 
Prime brokerage payables   36,746     36,383  
           
Amounts due under unit-linked investment contracts   16,481     18,125  
           
Provisions1   1,626     1,704  
           
Settlement and clearing accounts   874     961  
           
Current tax liabilities   505     750  
           
Deferred tax liabilities2   79     97  
           
VAT and other tax payables   492     579  
           
Accrued pension and post-employment benefit liability3   406     395  
           
Other payables4   4,482     4,726  
           
Total other liabilities   61,692     63,719  
           

1 Presentational changes have been made in 2011. Total provisions now also include provisions for loan commitments and guarantees. Refer to “Note 21 Provisions and contingent liabilities” for more information.2 Refer to “Note 22 Income taxes” for more information.3 Refer to “Note 29 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans” for more information.4 2011 includes third-party interest in consolidated limited partnerships of CHF 1.4 billion (2010: CHF 0.9 billion) and liabilities from cash settled employee compensation plans of CHF 1.6 billion (2010: CHF 1.7 billion).

Note 2123 Provisions and contingent liabilities

 

a) Provisions                             
CHF million  Operational
risks1
  Litigation  and
regulatory
matters2
  Restructuring  Loan
commitments
and guarantees
  Other3  Total
31.12.11
  Total
31.12.104
 
Balance at the beginning of the year   56    618    281    130    619    1,704    2,401  
                              
Additions from acquired companies   0    0    0    0    2    2    0  
                              
Increase in provisions recognized in the income statement   60    396    393    6    92    947    1,126  
                              
Release of provisions recognized in the income statement   (9  (87  (55  (28  (109  (288  (286
                              
Provisions used in conformity with designated purpose   (50  (455  (115  (14  (82  (716  (1,341
                              
Capitalized reinstatement costs   0    0    0    0    (2  (2  (24
                              
Disposal of subsidiaries   0    0    0    0    (1  (1  (1
                              
Reclassifications   0    0    (49)5   (2  0    (52  8  
                              
Foreign currency translation/Unwind of discount   2    10    13    1    7    32    (180
                              
Balance at the end of the year   58    482    467    93    525    1,626    1,704  
                              

a) Provisions

CHF million  Operational
risks1
  

Litigation,
regulatory

and similar
matters2

  Restructuring  Loan
commitments
and
guarantees
  Real
estate
  Employee
benefits
  Other  Total
31.12.12
  Total
31.12.11
 
Balance at the beginning of the year   58    482    467    93    220    227    79    1,626    1,704  
                                      
Additions from acquired companies   0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    2  
                                      
Increase in provisions recognized in the income statement   41    2,686    438    4    4    145    32    3,350    947  
                                      
Release of provisions recognized in the income statement   (9  (81  (86  (20  (6  (67)5   (5  (273  (288
                                      
Provisions used in conformity with designated purpose   (37  (1,685)6   (276  0    (37  (59  (9  (2,102  (716
                                      
Capitalized reinstatement costs   0    0    0    0    (4  0    0    (4  (2
                                      
Disposal of subsidiaries   0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    (1
                                      
Reclassifications   0    43    (36)4   (13  3    0    (43  (47  (52
                                      
Foreign currency translation / unwind of discount   (1  (13  3    0    0    (2  (2  (14  32  
                                      
Balance at the end of the year   53    1,432    511    64    1783   244    53    2,536    1,626  
                                      

1Includes provisions for litigation resulting from security risks and transaction processing risks.2Includes litigation resulting from legal, liability and compliance risks. Additionally, includes a provision established in connection with demands for repurchase of US mortgage loans sold or securitized by UBS as described in section c) of this Note.3Includes reinstatement costs for leasehold improvements which amounted toof CHF 97 million as of 31 December 2012 (31 December 2011: CHF 109 million on 31 December 2011 (CHF 122 million on 31 December 2010),million) and provisions for onerous lease contracts provisions for employee benefits (service anniversaries and sabbatical leave) and other items.of CHF 81 million as of 31 December 2012 (31 December 2011: CHF 111 million).4 Presentational changes have been made in 2011. Total provisions now also include provisions for loan commitments and guarantees. These provisions were previously separately disclosed in “Note 20 Other liabilities”.5Reflects a reclassification to share premium of the restructuring provisions related to share-based compensation.5

Financial information

NotesIncludes the release of provisions for Swiss long-service and sabbatical awards.6Represents amounts paid out for the intended purpose and amounts transferred to the consolidated financial statements

Other liabilities – Other, presented in “Note 22 Other liabilities” for liabilities, which are no longer uncertain in timing or amount.

 

Note 21 ProvisionsRestructuring provisions primarily relate to onerous lease contracts and severance amounts. The utilization of onerous lease provisions is driven by the maturities of the underlying lease contracts, which cover a period of up to 11 years. Severance related provisions are utilized within a short time period, usually within six months, but potential changes in amount may be triggered when natural staff attrition reduces the number of people affected by a restructuring and therefore the estimated costs.

Information on provisions and contingent liabilities (continued)in respect of Litigation, regulatory and similar matters, as a class, is included in Note 23b. Further information on the nominal principal amount of Loan commitments and guarantees, representing our maximum exposure to credit risk, is disclosed in Note 29c. There are no material contingent liabilities associated with the other classes of provisions.

 

b) Litigation, regulatory and regulatorysimilar matters

 

The Group operates in a legal and regulatory environment that exposes it to significant litigation risks.and similar risks arising from disputes and regulatory proceedings. As a result, UBS (which for purposes of this note may refer to UBS AG and/and / or one or more of its subsidiaries, as applicable) is involved in various disputes and legal proceedings, including litigation, arbitration, and regulatory and criminal investigations.

Such casesmatters are subject to many uncertainties and the outcome is often difficult to predict, including the impact on operations or on the financial statements, particularly in the earlier stages of a case. In certain circumstances,There are also situations where the Group may enter into a settlement agreement. This may occur in order to avoid the expense, management distraction or reputational implications of continuing to contest liability, even for those matters for which the Group believes it should be exonerated. The uncertainties inherent in all such matters affect the amount and distractiontiming of legal proceedings, UBS may, based on a cost-benefit analysis, enter into a settlement even though denying any wrongdoing.potential outflows for both matters with respect to which provisions have been established and other contingent liabilities. The Group makes provisions for casessuch matters brought against it when, in the opinion of management after seeking legal advice, it is more likely than not that the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it is probable that a liability exists,an outflow of

resources will be required, and the amount can be reliably estimated. If any of those conditions is not met, such matters result in contingent liabilities.

Certain potentially significant legal proceedings or threatened proceedings as of 31 December 2011Specific litigation, regulatory and other matters are described below. In some cases we provide thebelow, including all such matters that management considers to be material and others that management believes to be of significance due to potential financial, reputational and other effects. The amount of damages claimed, the size of a transaction or other information is provided where available and appropriate in order to assist investorsusers in considering the magnitude of any potential exposure. Weexposures.

In the case of certain matters below, we state that we have established a provision, and for the other matters we make no such statement. When we make this statement and we expect disclosure of the amount of a provision to prejudice seriously our position with other parties in the matter, because it would reveal what UBS believes to be the probable and reliably estimable outflow, we do not disclose that amount. In some cases we are unablesubject to confidentiality obligations that preclude such disclosure. With respect to the matters for which we do not state whether we have established a provision, either a) we have not established

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 23 Provisions and contingent liabilities (continued)

a provision, in which case the matter is treated as a contingent liability under the applicable accounting standard or b) we have established a provision but expect disclosure of that fact to prejudice seriously our position with other parties in the matter because it would reveal the fact that UBS believes an outflow of resources to be probable and reliably estimable.

The aggregate amount provisioned for litigation, regulatory and similar matters as a class is disclosed in Note 23a above. It

is not practicable to provide an aggregate estimate of the possible financial effectliability for our litigation, regulatory and similar matters as a class of particular claims or proceedings (where the possibility of an outflow is more than remote) beyond the level of current reserves established.contingent liabilities. Doing so would require us to provide speculative legal assessments as to claims and proceedings whichthat involve unique fact patterns or novel legal theories, which have not yet been initiated or are at early stages of adjudication, or as to which alleged damages have not been quantified by the claimants. In many cases a combination of these factors impedes our ability to estimate the financial effect of contingent liabilities. We also believe that such estimates could seriously prejudice our position in these matters.

1)

Provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters by segment

  

CHF million  Wealth
Management
   Wealth
Management
Americas
  Investment
Bank
  Global Asset
Management
   Retail &
Corporate
   Corporate
Center –
Core
Functions
  Corporate
Center –
Legacy
Portfolio
  Total
31.12.12
  Total
31.12.11
 
Balance at the beginning of the year   96     206    132    4     17     2    26    482    618  
Increase in provisions recognized in the income statement   90     133    304    6     19     1,518    616    2,686    396  
Release of provisions recognized in the income statement   (15)     (28)    (32)    (1)     (1)     (3)    0    (81)    (87)  
Provisions used in conformity with designated purpose   (40)     (135)    (266)    (1)     (6)     (1,222)    (15)    (1,685)    (455)  
Reclassifications   0     0    (95)    0     0     44    95    43    0  
Foreign currency translation / unwind of discount   0     (6  (2  0     0     (2  (3  (13  10  
                                         
Balance at the end of the year   130     170    40    7     29     338    720    1,432    482  
                                         

1. Municipal bonds

On 4 MayIn 2011, UBS announced a USD 140.3 million settlement with the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the Antitrust Division of the US Department of Justice (DOJ), the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and a group of state attorneys general relating to the investment of proceeds of municipal bond issuances and associated derivative transactions. The settlement resolves the investigations by those regulators which had commenced in November 2006. Several related putative class actions, which were filed in Federal District Courts against UBS and numerous other firms, remain pending. However, approximatelyApproximately USD 63 million of the regulatory settlement will bewas made available to potential claimants through a settlement fund, and payments made through the fund should reducemajority of which has been claimed, thereby reducing the total monetary amount at issue in the class actions for UBS. In December 2010, three former UBS

employees were indicted in connection with the Federal criminal antitrust investigation; those individual matters also remain pending.

2)2. Auction rate securities

In late 2008, UBS entered into settlements with the SEC, the New York Attorney General (NYAG) and the Massachusetts Securities Division whereby UBS agreed to offer to buy back Auction Rate Securities (ARS) from eligible customers, and to pay penalties of USD 150 million (USD 75 million to the NYAG and USD 75 million to the other states).million. UBS has since finalized settlements with all of the states. The settlements resolved investigations following the industry-wide disruption in the markets for ARS and related auction failures beginning in mid-Februaryearly 2008. The SEC continues to investigate individuals affiliated with UBS regarding the trading in ARS and disclosures. UBS was also named in (i) several putative class actions;actions, which were thereafter dismissed by the court and / or settled; (ii) arbitration and litigation claims asserted

by investors relating to ARS, including a pending consequential damages claim by a former customer for damages of USD 76 million;ARS; and (iii) arbitration and litigation claims asserted by ARS issuers, including a pending litigation under state common law and a state racketeering statute seeking at least USD 40 million in compensatory damages, plus exemplary and treble damages, and several recentlypending arbitration claims filed arbitration claimsin 2012 and 2013 alleging violations of state and federal securities law that seek compensatory and punitive damages, among other relief. In November 2012, UBS settled a consequential damages claim brought by a former customer for USD 45 million.

3)3. Inquiries regarding cross-border wealth management businesses

Following the disclosure and the settlement of the US cross-border matter, tax and regulatory authorities in a number of countries have made inquiries and served requests for information located in their respective jurisdictions relating to the cross-border wealth management services provided by UBS and other financial institutions. In France, a criminal investigation into allegations of illicit cross-border activity has been initiated with the appointment of a “Juge d’instruction”. We have also received inquiries from German authorities concerning certain matters relating to our cross-border business. UBS is cooperating with these inquiries, requests and investigations within the limits of financial privacy obligations under Swiss and other applicable laws.

4)4. Matters related to the creditfinancial crisis

UBS is responding to a number of governmental inquiries and investigations and is involved in a number of litigations, arbitrations and disputes related to the creditfinancial crisis of 2007 to 2009 and in particular mortgage-related securities and other structured transactions

376


Financial information

Note 23 Provisions and contingent liabilities (continued)

and derivatives. In particular,February 2013, the SEC advised UBS that it is investigatingterminating its investigation of UBS’s valuation of super senior tranches of collateralized debt obligations (CDO) during the third quarter of 2007 without recommending any enforcement action. UBS is in discussions with the SEC concerning UBS’s structuring and underwriting of certain CDOs during the first and second quarters of 2007, and UBS’s reclassification of financial assets pursuant to amendments to IAS 39 during the fourth quarter of 2008. UBS has provided docu-

Financial information

Note 21 Provisions and contingent liabilities (continued)

ments and testimony to the SEC and is continuing to cooperate with the SECone CDO in its investigations.2007. UBS has also communicated with and has responded to other inquiries by various governmental and regulatory authorities including the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA), the UK Financial Services Authority (FSA), the SEC, the US Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA), the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission (FCIC), the New York Attorney General, and the US Department of Justice, concerning various matters related to the creditfinancial crisis. These matters concern, among other things, UBS’s (i) disclosures and writedowns, (ii) interactions with rating agencies, (iii) risk control, valuation, structuring and marketing of mortgage-related instruments, and (iv) role as underwriter in securities offerings for other issuers.

5)UBS is a defendant in several lawsuits filed by institutional purchasers of CDOs structured by UBS in which plaintiffs allege, under various legal theories, that UBS misrepresented the quality of the collateral underlying the CDOs. Plaintiffs in these suits collectively seek to recover several hundred million dollars in claimed losses, including one case in which plaintiffs claim losses of at least USD 331 million.

Our balance sheet at 31 December 2012 reflected a provision with respect to matters described in this item 4 in an amount that UBS believes to be appropriate under the applicable accounting standard. As in the case of other matters for which we have established provisions, the future outflow of resources in respect of this matter cannot be determined with certainty based on currently available information, and accordingly may ultimately prove to be substantially greater (or may be less) than the provision that we have recognized.

5. Lehman principal protection notes

From March 2007 through September 2008, UBS Financial Services Inc. (UBSFS) sold approximately USD 1 billion face amount of structured notes issued by Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. (Lehman), a majority of which were referred to as “principal protection notes,” reflecting the fact that while the notes’ return was in some manner linked to market indices or other measures, some or all of the investor’s principal was an unconditional obligation of Lehman as issuer of the notes. Based on its role as an underwriter of Lehman structured notes, UBSFS has been named along with other defendantsas a defendant in a putative class action alleging materially misleading statements and omissionsasserting violations of disclosure provisions of the federal securities laws. In January 2013, plaintiffs’ motion to certify the case as a class action, which UBS opposed, was granted with respect to certain claims. UBS is filing for an appeal of that decision with the Second Circuit. Firms that underwrote other non-structured Lehman securities have been named as defendants in the prospectuses relating to these notessame purported class action, and asserting claims under US securities laws. UBSFS has also been named in numerous individual civil suits and customer arbitrations (some of whichthose underwriters have resulted in settlements or adverse judgments), was named in a proceeding brought by the New Hampshire Bureau of Securities which was settled for USD 1 million, and is responding to investigations by other state regulators relating to the sale of these notes to UBSFS’s customers. The customer litigations and regulatory investigations relate primarily to whether UBSFS adequately disclosed the risks of these notes to its customers.entered into settlements. In April 2011, UBSFS entered into a settlement with FINRAthe Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) related to the sale of these notes, pursuant to which UBSFS agreed to pay a USD 2.5 million fine and approximatelyup to USD 8.25 million in restitution and interest to a limited number of investors in the US. UBSFS has also been named in numerous

individual civil suits and customer arbitrations, which proceedings are at various stages. The individual customer claims, some of which have resulted in awards payable by UBSFS, relate primarily to whether UBSFS adequately disclosed the risks of these notes to its customers.

6)6. Claims related to sales of residential mortgage-backed securities and mortgages

From 2002 through about 2007, prior to the crisis in the US residential loan market, UBS was a substantial underwriterissuer and issuerunderwriter of US residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS). and was a purchaser and seller of US residential mortgages. A subsidiary of UBS, UBS Real Estate Securities Inc. (UBS RESI), acquired pools of residential mortgage loans from originators and (through an affiliate) deposited them into securitization trusts. In this manner, from 2004 through 2007, UBS RESI sponsored approximately USD 80 billion in RMBS, based on the original principal balances of the securities issued.

UBS RESI also sold pools of loans acquired from originators to third-party purchasers. These whole loan sales during the period 2004 through 2007 totaled approximately USD 19 billion in original principal balance.

We were not a significant originator of US residential loans. A subsidiary of UBS originated approximately USD 1.5 billion in US residential mortgage loans during the period in which it was active from 2006 to 2008, and securitized less than half of these loans.

Securities Lawsuits Concerning Disclosures in RMBS Offering Documents: UBS has been named as a defendant relating to its role as underwriter and issuer of RMBS in a large number of lawsuits relating to approximately USD 4544 billion in original face amount of RMBS underwritten or issued by UBS. ManySome of the lawsuits are in their early stages, and have not advanced beyond the motion to dismiss phase; others are in varying stages of discovery. Of the original face amount of RMBS at issue in these cases, approxi-

matelyapproximately USD 911 billion was issued in offerings in which a UBS subsidiary transferred underlying loans (the majority of which were purchased from third-party originators) into a securitization trust and made representations and warranties about those loans (UBS-sponsored RMBS). The remaining USD 3633 billion of RMBS to which these cases relate was issued by third parties in securitizations in which UBS acted as underwriter (third-party RMBS). In connection with certain of these lawsuits, UBS has indemnification rights against surviving third-party issuers or originators for losses or liabilities incurred by UBS, but UBS cannot predict the extent to which it will succeed in enforcing those rights.

These lawsuits include an actionactions brought by the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), as conservator for the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac and collectively with Fannie Mae, the GSEs), in connection with the GSEs’ investments in USD 4.5 billion in original face amount of UBS-sponsored RMBS and USD 1.8 billion in original face amount of third-party RMBS. These suits which were initially filed in July 2011 and then amended in September 2011, assert claims for damages and rescission under federal and state securities laws and state common law and allege losses of approximatelyat

377


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 23 Provisions and contingent liabilities (continued)

Loan repurchase demands by year received – original principal balance of loans1        
                                    
USD million  2006–2008   2009   2010   2011   2012   through
5 March
2013
   Total 
Actual or agreed loan repurchases / make whole payments by UBS   11.7     1.4     0.1           13.2  
                                    
Demands resolved or expected to be resolved through enforcement of UBS’s indemnification rights against third-party originators     77.4     1.8     45.0     141.7       265.9  
                                    

Demands resolved in litigation

   0.6     20.7             21.3  
                                    

Demands in litigation

       345.6     731.7     1,041.1       2,118.5  
                                    
Demands rebutted by UBS but not yet rescinded by counterparty     3.2     1.8     290.0     243.8       538.7  
                                    

Demands rescinded by counterparty

   110.2     100.4     18.8     8.3         237.7  
                                    

Demands in review by UBS

     2.1     0.1     9.1     11.7     1.8     24.8  
                                    

Total

   122.5     205.1     368.2     1,084.1     1,438.3     1.8     3,220.1  
                                    

1 Loans submitted by multiple counterparties are counted only once.

least USD 1.2 billion.billion plus interest. The court denied UBS’s motion to dismiss in May 2012, but we are awaiting a decision from the US Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit on an appeal with respect to two legal issues that were the subject of UBS’s motion to dismiss. The FHFA also filed suits in September 2011 against UBS and other financial institutions relating to their role as underwriters of third-party RMBS purchased by the GSEs asserting claims under various legal theories, including violations of the federal and state securities laws and state common law. Additionally, UBS is named as a defendant in three lawsuits brought by insurers of RMBS seeking recovery of insurance paid to RMBS investors. These insurers allege that UBS and other RMBS underwriters aided and abetted misrepresentations and fraud by RMBS issuers, and claim equitable and contractual subrogation rights.

On 29 September 2011In July 2012 a federal court in New Jersey dismissed with prejudice on statute of limitations grounds a putative class action lawsuit that asserted violations of the federal securities laws against various UBS entities, among others, in connection with USD 2.6 billion in original face amount of UBS-sponsored RMBS. The plaintiff filednamed plaintiff’s appeal of the dismissal is pending.

Loan repurchase demands related to sales of mortgages and RMBS: When UBS acted as an amended complaint on 31 October 2011,RMBS sponsor or mortgage seller, we generally made certain representations relating to the characteristics of the underlying loans. In the event of a material breach of these representations, we were in certain circumstances contractually obligated to repurchase the loans to which they related or to indemnify certain parties against losses. UBS has again moved to dismiss on statute of limitations grounds, among others. The motion remains pending.

As described below under “c) Other contingent liabilities”, UBS has also received demands to repurchase US residential mortgage loans as to which UBS made certain representations at the time the loans were transferred to the securitization trust. We have been notified by certain institutional purchasers and insurers of mortgage loans and RMBS, including Freddie Mac, of their contention that possible breaches of representations may entitle the purchasers to require that UBS repurchase the loans or to other relief. The table above summarizes repurchase demands received by UBS and UBS’s repurchase activity from 2006 through 5 March 2013. In the table, repurchase demands characterized as Demands resolved in litigation and Demands rescinded by counterparty are considered to be finally resolved. Repurchase demands in all other categories are not finally resolved.

On 2 February 2012, Assured Guaranty Municipal Corp. (Assured Guaranty), a financial guaranty insurance company, made additional loan

repurchase demands totaling approximately USD 182 million in original principal balance in November and December 2012, and it is not clear when or to what extent additional demands may be made by Assured Guaranty, Freddie Mac or others.

Payments that UBS has made or agreed to make to date to resolve repurchase demands equate to approximately 62% of the original principal balance of the related loans. Most of the payments that UBS has made or agreed to make to date have related to so-called “Option ARM” loans; severity rates may vary for other types of loans or for Option ARMs with different characteristics. Actual losses upon repurchase will reflect the estimated value of the loans in question at the time of repurchase as well as, in some cases, partial repayment by the borrowers or advances by servicers prior to repurchase. It is not possible to predict future losses upon repurchase for reasons including timing and market uncertainties.

In most instances in which we would be required to repurchase loans due to misrepresentations, we would be able to assert demands against third-party loan originators who provided representations when selling the related loans to UBS. However, many of these third parties are insolvent or no longer exist. We estimate that, of the total original principal balance of loans sold or securitized by UBS from 2004 through 2007, less than 50% was purchased from surviving third-party originators. In connection with approximately 60% of the loans (by original principal balance) for which UBS has made payment or agreed to make payment in response to demands received in 2010, UBS has asserted indemnity or repurchase demands against originators. Since 2011, UBS has advised certain surviving originators of repurchase demands made against UBS for which UBS would be entitled to indemnity, and has asserted that such demands should be resolved directly by the originator and the party making the demand.

We cannot reliably estimate the level of future repurchase demands, and do not know whether our rebuttals of such demands will be a good predictor of future rates of rebuttal. We also cannot reliably estimate the timing of any such demands.

Lawsuits related to contractual representations and warranties concerning mortgages and RMBS: In February 2012, Assured

Financial information

Note 23 Provisions and contingent liabilities (continued)

Guaranty filed suit against UBS Real Estate Securities Inc. (UBS RESI)RESI in a New York State Court asserting claims for breach of contract and declaratory relief based on UBS RESI’s alleged failure to repurchase allegedly defective mortgage loans with an original principal balance of at least USD 997 million that serve as collateral for UBS sponsoredUBS-sponsored RMBS insured in part by Assured Guaranty. Assured Guaranty also claims that UBS RESI breached representations and warran-

343


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 21 Provisions and contingent liabilities (continued)

tieswarranties concerning the mortgage loans and breached certain obligations under commitment letters. Assured Guaranty seeks unspecified damages that include payments on current and future claims made under Assured Guaranty insurance policies totaling approximately USD 308 million to date,at the time of the filing of the complaint, as well as compensatory and consequential losses, fees, expenses and pre-judgment interest. The case was removed to federal court, and in August 2012, the Court granted UBS RESI’s motion to dismiss Assured Guaranty’s claims for breach of UBS RESI’s contractual repurchase obligations, holding that only the trustee for the securitization trust has the contractual right to enforce those obligations. The Court also granted UBS RESI’s motion to dismiss Assured Guaranty’s claims for declaratory relief. The Court denied UBS RESI’s motion to dismiss Assured Guaranty’s claims for breach of representation and warranty and breach of the commitment letters. The case is now in discovery.

7)In October 2012, following the Court’s holding that only the trustee may assert claims seeking to enforce UBS RESI’s repurchase obligations, the RMBS trusts at issue in the Assured Guaranty litigation filed a related action in the Southern District of New York seeking to enforce UBS RESI’s obligation to repurchase loans with an original principal balance of approximately USD 2 billion for which Assured Guaranty had previously demanded repurchase. UBS’s motion to dismiss the suit filed by the trusts is pending. With respect to the portion of the loans subject to the suits filed by Assured Guaranty and the trusts that were originated by institutions still in existence, UBS is enforcing its indemnity rights against those institutions. At this time, UBS does not expect that it will be required to make payment for the majority of loan repurchase demands at issue in the suit brought by the RMBS trusts for at least the following reasons: (1) we reviewed the origination file and / or servicing records for the loan and concluded that the allegations of breach of representations and warranties are unfounded, or (2) a surviving originator is contractually liable for any breaches of representations and warranties with respect to loans that it originated. UBS has indemnification rights in connection

with approximately half of the USD 2 billion in original principal balance of loans at issue in this suit (reflected in the “In litigation” category in the accompanying table). Additionally, in its motion to dismiss the suit filed by the trusts, UBS has asserted that, under governing transaction documents, UBS is not required to repurchase liquidated loans that were the subject of repurchase demands now at issue in this suit.

In April 2012, Freddie Mac filed a notice and summons in New York Supreme Court initiating suit against UBS RESI for breach of contract and declaratory relief arising from alleged breaches of representations and warranties in connection with certain mortgage loans and UBS RESI’s alleged failure to repurchase such mortgage loans. The complaint for this suit was filed in September 2012. Freddie Mac seeks, among other relief, specific performance of UBS RESI’s alleged loan repurchase obligations for at least USD 94 million in original principal balance of loans for which Freddie Mac had previously demanded repurchase; no damages are specified.

We also have tolling agreements with certain institutional purchasers of RMBS concerning their potential claims related to substantial purchases of UBS-sponsored or third-party RMBS.

As reflected in the table below, our balance sheet as of 31 December 2012 included a provision of USD 658 million with respect to matters described in this item 6. As in the case of other matters for which we have established provisions, the future outflow of resources in respect of this matter cannot be determined with certainty based on currently available information, and accordingly may ultimately prove to be substantially greater (or may be less) than the provision that we have recognized.

7. Claims related to UBS disclosure

A putative consolidated class action has been filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against UBS, a number of current and former directors and senior officers and certain banks that underwrote UBS’s May 2008 Rights Offering (including UBS Securities LLC) alleging violation of the US securities laws in connection with UBS’s disclosures relating to UBS’s positions and losses in mortgage-related securities, UBS’s positions and losses in auction rate securities, and UBS’s US cross-border business. In September 2011, the court dismissed all claims based on purchases or sales of UBS ordinary shares made outside

Provision for claims related to sales of residential mortgage-backed securities and mortgages
USD million31.12.12
Balance at the beginning of the year104
Increase in provision recognized in the income statement554
Release of provision recognized in the income statement0
Provision used in conformity with designated purpose0
Balance at the end of the year658

Financial information

Notes to the US. On 15 December 2011, Defendants moved to dismiss the claims based on purchases or sales of UBS ordinary consolidated financial statements

Note 23 Provisions and contingent liabilities (continued)

shares made in the US for failure to state a claim. Plaintiffs have appealed the court’s decision. UBS, a number of senior officers and employees and various UBS committees have also been sued in a putative consolidated class action for breach of fiduciary duties brought on behalf of current and former participants in two UBS Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) retirement plans in which there were purchases of UBS stock. In March 2011, the court dismissed the ERISA complaint. The plaintiffs have soughtIn March 2012, the court denied plaintiffs’ motion for leave to file an amended complaint. On appeal, the Second Circuit upheld the dismissal of all counts relating to one of the retirement plans. With respect to the second retirement plan, the Court upheld the dismissal of some of the counts, and vacated and remanded for further proceedings with regard to the counts alleging that defendants had violated their fiduciary duty to prudently manage the plan’s investment options, as well as the claims derivative of that duty.

8)8. Madoff

In relation to the Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC (BMIS) investment fraud, UBS AG, UBS (Luxembourg) SA and certain other UBS subsidiaries have been subject to inquiries by a number of regulators, including FINMAthe Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) and the Luxembourg Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier (CSSF). Those inquiries concerned two third-party funds established under Luxembourg law, substantially all assets of which were with BMIS, as well as certain funds established in offshore jurisdictions with either direct or indirect exposure to BMIS. These funds now face severe losses, and the Luxembourg funds are in liquidation. The last reported net asset value of the two Luxembourg funds before revelation of the Madoff scheme was approximately USD 1.7 billion in the aggregate, although that figure likely includes fictitious profit reported by BMIS. The documentation establishing both funds identifies UBS entities in various roles including custodian, administrator, manager, distributor and promoter, and indicates that UBS employees serve as board members. Between February and May 2009, UBS (Luxembourg) SA responded to criticisms made by the CSSF in relation to its responsibilities as

custodian bank and demonstrated to the satisfaction of the CSSF that it has the infrastructure and internal organization in place in accordance with professional standards applicable to custodian banks in Luxembourg. UBS (Luxembourg) SA and certain other UBS subsidiaries are also responding to inquiries by Luxembourg investigating authorities, without however being named as parties in those investigations. In December 2009 and March 2010, the liquidators of the two Luxembourg funds filed claims on behalf of the funds against UBS entities, non-UBS entities and certain individuals including current and former UBS employees. The amounts claimed are approximately EUR 890 million and EUR 305 million, respectively. The liquidators have filed supplementary claims for amounts that the funds may possibly be held liable to pay the BMIS Trustee. TheThese amounts claimed by the liquidator are approximately EUR 564 million and EUR 370 million, respectively. In addition, a large number of alleged beneficiaries have filed claims against UBS entities (and non-UBS entities) for purported losses relating to the Madoff scheme. The majority of these cases are pending in Luxembourg, where appeals have been filed by the claimants against the March 2010 decisions of the court in which the claims in a

number of test cases were held to be inadmissible. In the US, the BMIS Trustee has filed claims against UBS entities, among others, in relation to the two Luxembourg funds and one of the offshore funds. A claim was filed in November 2010 against 23 defendants, including UBS entities, the Luxembourg and offshore funds concerned and various individuals, including current and former UBS employees. The total amount claimed against all defendants in this action was not less than USD 2 billion. A second claim was filed in December 2010 against 16 defendants including UBS entities and the Luxembourg fund concerned. The total amount claimed against all defendants was not less than USD 555 million. Following a motion by UBS, in November 2011 the District Court dismissed all of the BMIS Trustee’s claims other than claims for recovery of fraudulent conveyances and preference payments that were allegedly transferred to UBS on the ground that the BMIS Trustee lacks standing to bring such claims. The BMIS Trustee has appealed the District Court’s decision. In Germany, certain clients of UBS are exposed to Madoff-managed positions through third-party funds and funds administered by UBS entities in Germany. A small number of claims have been filed with respect to such funds.

9)9. Transactions with City of Milan and other Italian public sector entities

A number of transactions that UBS Limited and UBS AG respectively entered into with public sector entity counterparties in Italy have been called into question or become the subject of legal proceedings and claims for damages and other awards. In January 2009, the City of Milan (City) filed civil proceedings against UBS Limited, UBS Italia SIM Spa and three other international banks in relation to a 2005 bond issue and associated derivatives transactions entered into with the CityMilan between 2005 and 2007. The claim isIn addition, in 2010 a criminal trial began against two current UBS employees and one former employee, together with employees from the three other banks, a former officer of Milan and a former adviser to recoverMilan, for alleged damagesfraud against a public entity in an amount which will compensate for termsrelation to the same bond issue and the execution, and subsequent restructuring, of the related derivatives whichderivative transactions. UBS Limited was also the City claims to be objectionable. Insubject (as were the alternative,three other banks) of an administrative charge, brought in the City seeks to recover alleged hidden profits assertedcontext of the criminal trial of the individuals, of failing to have been madein place a business organizational model to avoid the alleged misconduct by employees. In March 2012, UBS Limited and UBS Italia SIM Spa finalized a civil damages settlement agreement with Milan without any admission of liability. The settlement did not dispose of the ongoing criminal or administrative proceedings, nor did it dispose of a civil consumer group claim lodged in the criminal proceeding. In December 2012 the Milan criminal court found UBS Limited liable for the administrative offense and convicted the three UBS employees (two current and one former) of fraud against a public entity. The sanctions against UBS Limited, which are not effective until appeals are exhausted, are confiscation of the alleged level of profit flowing from the criminal findings (EUR 16.6 million), a fine in respect of the finding of the administrative offense (EUR 1 million) and pay-

 

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banksment of legal fees. UBS has previously provided for this potential exposure in anthe amount of approximately EUR 88 million (of which UBS Limited is alleged to18.5 million. Convictions have received approximately EUR 16 million) together with further damages of not less than EUR 150 million. The claims are madealso been issued against allsix employees of the banks on a joint and several basis. The case is currently stayed following a petition filed by the four banks to the Italian Court of Cassation challenging the jurisdiction of the Italian courts but is likely to be resumed following the recent decision of the Court which confirmed jurisdiction of the Italian courts. In addition, two current UBS employees and one former employee, together with employees from other banks, a former City officer and a former adviser to the City, are facing a criminal trial for alleged “aggravated fraud” in relation to the City’s 2005 bond issue and the execution, and subsequent restructuring, of certain related derivative transactions. The primary allegation is that UBS Limited and thethree other international banks, obtained hidden and/or illegal profits by entering intoand the derivative contractsbanks themselves were also found liable for the administrative offense.

Derivative transactions with the City. In the criminal proceedings, UBS Limited also faces an administrative chargeRegions of failing to have in place a business organizational model to avoid the alleged misconduct by employees, the sanctions for which could include a limitation on activities in Italy. The City has separately asserted claims for damages against UBS LimitedCalabria, Tuscany, Lombardy and UBS individuals in those proceedings. UBS is engaged in discussions withLazio and the City in relation to a possible settlement of the City’s claims. A number of transactions with other public entity counterparties in ItalyFlorence have also been called into question or become the subject of legal proceedings and claims for damages and other awards. These include derivative transactions with the Regions of Calabria, Tuscany, Lombardy and Lazio and the City of Florence. Florence and Tuscany have also attempted to invoke Italian administrative law remedies which purport to allow a public entity to challenge its own decision to enter into the relevant contracts and avoid their obligations thereunder. In April 2012, UBS is resisting these attempts.

AG and UBS has itself commenced proceedings before English courts againstLimited settled the City of Milan and certain other Italian public entities in connectionexisting disputes with various derivative transactions with Italian public entities. These proceedings are aimed at obtaining declaratory judgments as to the validity and enforceability of UBS’s English law contractual arrangements with its counterparties and, to the extent relevant, the legitimacy of UBS’s conduct in respect of those counterparties. The English proceedings against the City of Milan and the Region of Tuscany without any admission of liability. In January 2013, the Tuscany criminal court dismissed without further consequence a related criminal investigation. In November 2012, UBS reached civil settlements with, respectively, the Regions of Lombardy and Lazio (the latter settlement is conditional upon Lazio making certain amendments to its pleading in ongoing litigation against third parties), again without any admission of liability. An in-principle agreement has also been reached with the City of Florence. Provisions have been stayed by agreementbooked in respect of the parties.these agreed or prospective settlements.

10)10. HSH Nordbank AG (HSH)

HSH has filed an action against UBS in New York State court relating to USD 500 million of notes acquired by HSH in a synthetic CDO transaction known as North Street Referenced Linked Notes, 2002-4 Limited (NS4). The notes were linked through a credit default swap between the NS4 issuer and UBS to a reference pool of corporate bonds and asset-backed securities. HSH alleges that

UBS knowingly misrepresented the risk in the transaction, sold HSH notes with “embedded losses”, and improperly profited at HSH’s expense by misusing its right to substitute assets in the reference pool within specified parameters. HSH is seeking USD 500 million in compensatory damages plus pre-judgment interest. The case was initially filed in 2008. Following orders issued in 2008 and 2009, in which theIn March 2012, a New York state appellate court dismissed mostHSH’s fraud claim and affirmed the trial court’s dismissal of HSH’s claimsits negligent misrepresentation claim and its punitive damages demand and later partially denieddemand. As a motion to dismiss certain repleaded claims,result, the claims remaining in the case arewere for fraud, breach of contract and breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing. Both sides have appealedHSH has sought permission to appeal the appellate court’s most recent partial dismissal order, and a decision onto the appeal is pending.New York Court of Appeals. In March 2013, the parties settled the litigation. UBS had previously provided for this potential exposure in an amount equal to the settlement amount.

11)11. Kommunale Wasserwerke Leipzig GmbH (KWL)

In 2006 and 2007, KWL entered into a series of Credit Default Swap (CDS) transactions with bank swap counterparties, including UBS. UBS entered into back-to-back CDS transactions with the other counterparties, Depfa Bank plc (Depfa) and Landesbank Baden-Württemburg (LBBW), in relation to their respective swaps

with KWL. Under the CDS contracts between KWL and UBS, the last of which were terminated by UBS in October 2010, a net sum of approximately USD 138 million has fallen due from KWL but not been paid. In JanuaryEarlier in 2010, UBS issued proceedings in the English High Court against KWL seeking various declarations from the English court, in order to establish that the swap transaction between KWL and UBS is valid, binding and enforceable as against KWL. In October 2010, theThe English court ruled in 2010 that it has jurisdiction and will hear the proceedings and UBS issued a further claim seeking declarations concerning the validity of its early termination of the remaining CDS transactions with KWL. KWL withdrew its appeal from that decision and the civil dispute is now proceeding before the English court. UBS has served Particulars of Claimadded its monetary claim to the proceedings. KWL is defending against UBS’s claims and KWL has served its Defence and Counterclaima counterclaim which also joins UBS Limited and another bankDepfa to the proceedings. As part of its assertions, KWL claims damages of at least USD 68 million in respect of UBS’s termination of some of the CDS contracts, whilst disputing that any monies are owed to UBS pursuant to another CDS contract. UBS, UBS Limited and Depfa are defending against KWL’s counterclaims, and Depfa has asserted additional claims against UBS and UBS Limited.

In March 2010, KWL commencedissued proceedings in Leipzig, Germany against UBS, Depfa and other banks involved in these contracts,LBBW, claiming that the swap transactions are void and not binding on the basis of KWL’s allegation that KWL did not have the capacity or the necessary internal authorization to enter into the transactions and that the banks knew this. Upon and as a consequence of KWL withdrawing its appeal on jurisdiction in England, KWL has also withdrawnwithdrew its civil claims against UBS and one of the other banksDepfa in the German courts, and no civil claim will proceed against either of them in Germany. The proceedings brought by KWL against the third bankLBBW are now proceeding before the German courts. In December 2011, theThe Leipzig court has ruled that it is for the London court and not the Leipzig court to determine the validity and effect of a Third Party Noticethird party notice served by Landesbank Baden-WurttembergLBBW on UBS in the Leipzig proceedings.

The other two banks that entered into CDS transactions with KWL entered into back-to-back CDS transactions with UBS.were terminated in 2010. In April 2010, UBS commencedand UBS Limited issued separate proceedings in the English

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Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 21 Provisions and contingent liabilities (continued)

High Court against those bank swap counterpartiesDepfa and LBBW seeking declarations as to the parties’ obligations under those transactions. Thethe back-to-back CDS transactions were terminated in April and June 2010. The aggregate amountmonetary claims. UBS Limited contends that it is owed USD 83.3 million, plus interest, by Depfa. UBS contends that it is outstanding under those transactions is approximately USD 183owed EUR 75.5 million, plus interest. The stay ofinterest, by LBBW. Depfa and LBBW respectively are defending against the court proceedings against one of the bank swap counterparties has been terminated by UBS,claims and UBS has added a money claim to the proceedings. The other swap counterparty has terminated the stay of the proceedings brought against it by UBS Limited andhave also issued counterclaims. Additionally Depfa has added a claim against KWL to thosethe proceedings which will now proceed.against it and KWL has served a defense.

In January 2011, the    The former managing director of KWL and two financial advisers were convicted on criminal charges of bribery, and are currently standing trial for related tocharges of embezzlement, in respect of certain KWL transactions, including swap transactions with UBS and other banks.

In November 2011, the SEC commenced an inquiry regarding the KWL transactions and UBS is providing information to the SEC relating to those transactions.

12)

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12. Puerto Rico

The SEC has been investigating UBS’s secondary market trading and associated disclosures involving shares of closed-end funds managed by UBS Asset Managers of Puerto Rico, principally in 2008 and 2009. In November 2010, the SEC issued a “Wells notice” to two UBS subsidiaries, advising them that the SEC staff is considering whether to recommend that the SEC bring a civil action against them relating to these matters. UBS is engaged in settlement discussions with the SEC staff; however, there is no assurance that a settlement will be reached. UBS and several unrelated parties were also sued in Puerto Rico superior court in October 2011, in a purported civilshareholder derivative action seeking to bring claimswas filed on behalf of the Employee Retirement System of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico related to, among(System) against over 40 defendants, including UBS Financial Services Inc. of Puerto Rico (UBS PR) and other things,consultants and underwriters, trustees of the System, and the President and Board of the Government Development Bank of Puerto Rico. The plaintiffs allege that defendants violated their purported fiduciary duties and contractual obligations in connection with the issuance and underwriting of approximately USD 3 billion of bonds by the System in 2008. Plaintiffs seek damages of over USD 800 million, which represents plaintiffs’ estimate of the difference between the interest rate the System will pay on the bonds underwritten by UBSprior to their maturity between 2023 and 2058 and the investment ofreturn on the investments the System will make with the proceeds of thosethe bond issuances.offerings before the proceeds are used to help the System meet a portion of its obligations to pensioners. UBS is named in connection with its underwriting and consulting services. Defendants, including UBS, have moved to dismiss and are awaiting a decision on that motion. The case is pending in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico Court of First Instance. UBS is also cooperating with an SEC investigation into the bond offerings. Separately, in late 2012, an SEC administrative hearing on securities law violation charges against two UBS PR executives concluded, with a decision expected in late 2013. The charges stemmed from the SEC’s investigation of UBS PR’s sale of closed-end funds in 2008 and 2009, which UBS PR settled in April 2012.

13)13. LIBOR and other benchmark rates

SeveralNumerous government agencies, including the SEC, the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), the DOJ, the UK Financial Services Authority (FSA), the UK Serious Fraud Office (SFO), the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA), FINMA, the various state attorneys general in the US, and the FSA,competition authorities in various jurisdictions are conducting investigations regarding submissions with respect to British Bankers’ Association LIBOR (London Interbank Offered Rate) and other benchmark rates. We understand that theThese investigations focus on whether there were improper attempts by UBS (among others), either acting on our own or together with others, to manipulate LIBOR and other benchmark rates at certain times. The UK Parliament is conducting an inquiry into “transparency, conflicts of interest and the culture and professional standards of the financial services industry including the interaction with the criminal law”, and a narrower review by the FSA that concerns the LIBOR process is also ongoing.

In addition,December 2012, UBS reached settlements with the Swiss Competition Commission (WEKO)FSA, the CFTC and the Criminal Division of the DOJ in connection with their investigations of benchmark interest rates. At the same time FINMA issued an order concluding its formal proceedings with respect to UBS relating to benchmark interest rates. UBS will pay a total of approximately CHF 1.4 billion in fines and disgorgement

– including GBP 160 million in fines to the FSA, USD 700 million in fines to the CFTC, and CHF 59 million in disgorgement to FINMA. Under a non-prosecution agreement (NPA) that UBS entered into with the DOJ, UBS has commenced an investigationagreed to pay a fine of numerousUSD 500 million. Pursuant to a separate plea agreement between the DOJ and UBS Securities Japan Co. Ltd. (UBSSJ), UBSSJ has entered a plea to one count of wire fraud relating to the manipulation of certain benchmark interest rates, including Yen LIBOR, and the DOJ and UBSSJ have agreed to a sentence to be imposed on UBSSJ that would include a fine of USD 100 million, which is subject to the discretion of the sentencing court. The NPA requires UBS to pay the USD 500 million fine to DOJ within 10 days of the sentencing of UBSSJ, and provides that any criminal penalties imposed on UBSSJ at sentencing, which currently is scheduled for 15 March 2013, will be deducted from the USD 500 million fine. The conduct described in the various settlements and the FINMA order includes certain UBS personnel: engaging in efforts to manipulate submissions for certain benchmark rates to benefit trading positions; colluding with employees at other banks and cash brokers to influence certain benchmark rates to benefit their trading positions; and giving inappropriate directions to UBS submitters that were in part motivated by a desire to avoid unfair and negative market and media perceptions during the financial intermediaries concerning possible collusion relatingcrisis. The benchmark interest rates encompassed by these resolutions include Yen LIBOR, GBP LIBOR, CHF LIBOR, Euro LIBOR, USD LIBOR, EURIBOR (Euro Interbank Offered Rate) and Euroyen TIBOR (Tokyo Interbank Offered Rate). We have ongoing obligations to LIBORcooperate with authorities with which we have reached resolutions and TIBOR reference rates andto undertake certain derivatives transactions.remediation with respect to benchmark interest rate submissions. Investigations by other government authorities remain ongoing notwithstanding these resolutions.

UBS has been granted conditional leniency or conditional immunity from authorities in certain jurisdictions, including the Antitrust Division

of the DOJ and WEKO,the Swiss Competition Commission (WEKO), in connection with potential antitrust or competition law violations related to submissions for Yen LIBOR and Euroyen TIBOR. WEKO has also granted UBS conditional immunity in connection with potential competition law violations related to submissions for Swiss franc LIBOR and certain transactions related to Swiss franc LIBOR. The Canadian Competition Bureau has granted UBS conditional immunity in connection with potential competition law violations related to submissions for Yen LIBOR. As a result of these conditional grants, we will not be subject to prosecutions, fines or other sanctions for antitrust or competition law violations in the jurisdictions where we have conditional immunity or leniency in connection with the matters we reported to those authorities,covered by the conditional grants, subject to our continuing cooperation. However, the conditional leniency and conditional immunity grants we have received do not bar government agencies from asserting other claims and imposing sanctions against us.us, as evidenced by the settlements and ongoing investigations referred to above. In addition, as a result of the conditional leniency agreement with the DOJ, we are eligible for a

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limit on liability to actual rather than treble damages were damages to be awarded in any civil antitrust action under US law based on conduct covered by the agreement and for relief from potential joint-and-severaljoint and several liability in connection with such civil antitrust action, subject to our satisfying the DOJ and the court presiding over the civil litigation of our cooperation. The conditional leniency and conditional immunity grants do not otherwise affect the ability of private parties to assert civil claims against us.

    On 16 DecemberIn 2011, the Japan Financial Services Agency (JFSA) commenced an administrative actionactions and issued orders against UBS Securities Japan Ltd (UBS Securities Japan) and UBS AG, Tokyo Branch in connection with their investigation of Yen LIBOR and Euroyen TI-BOR. These actions were based on findings by the Japan Securities and Exchange Surveillance Commission (SESC) that (i) a trader, and, in the case of UBS AG, Tokyo Branch, the JFSA, that a former UBS Securities Japan trader engaged in inappropriate conduct relating to Euroyen TIBOR (Tokyo Interbank Offered Rate) and Yen LIBOR, including approaching UBS AG, Tokyo Branch, and other banks to ask them to submit TIBOR rates taking into account requests from the trader for the purpose of benefiting trading positions; and (ii) serious problems in the internal controls of UBS Securities Japan resulted in its failure to detect this conduct. Based on the findings, the JFSA issued a Business Suspension Order requiring UBS Securities Japan to suspend trading in derivatives transactions related to Yen LIBOR and Euroyen TIBOR from 10 January to 16 January 2012 (excluding transactions required to perform existing contracts). The JFSA also issued a Business Improvement Order that requires UBS Securities Japan to (i) develop a plan to ensure compliance with its legal and regulatory obligations and to establish a control framework that is designed to prevent recurrences of the conduct identified in the JFSA’s administrative action, and (ii) provide periodic written reports to the JFSA regarding the company’s implementation of the measures required by the order. On the same day the JFSA also commenced an administrative action against UBS AG, Tokyo Branch, based on a finding that an employee of the Tokyo branch “continuously received approaches” from an employee of UBS Securities Japan regarding Euroyen TIBOR rate submissions, which was determined

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to be an inappropriate practice that was not reported to the branch’s management. Pursuant to this administrative action, the JFSA issued an order under the Japan Banking Act which imposes requirements similar to those imposed under the Business Improvement Order directed to UBS Securities Japan.positions.

A number of putative class actions and other actions have been filedare pending in the federal courts in the USNew York and other jurisdictions against UBS and numerous other banks on behalf of certain parties who transacted in LIBOR-based derivatives. Thederivatives linked directly or indirectly to US dollar LIBOR, Yen LIBOR, Euroyen TIBOR and EURIBOR. Also pending are actions asserting losses related to various products whose interest rate was linked to US dollar LIBOR, including adjustable rate mortgages, preferred and debt securities, bonds pledged as collateral, loans, depository accounts, investments and other interest bearing instruments. There is a pending motion to dismiss consolidated amended complaints which were filed by certain parties. All of the complaints allege manipulation, through various means, of the US dollarvarious benchmark interest rates, including LIBOR, rateEuroyen TIBOR or EURIBOR rates and prices of US dollar LIBOR-based derivatives in various markets. Claims forseek unspecified compensatory and other damages, are assertedincluding treble and punitive damages, under variousvarying legal theories includingthat include violations of the US Commodity Exchange Act, federal and state antitrust laws.laws and the federal racketeering statute.

14)    With respect to additional matters and jurisdictions not encompassed by the settlements and order referred to above, our balance sheet at 31 December 2012 reflected a provision in an amount that UBS believes to be appropriate under the applicable accounting standard. As in the case of other matters for which we have established provisions, the future outflow of resources in respect of such matters cannot be determined with certainty based on currently available information, and accordingly may ultimately prove to be substantially greater (or may be less) than the provision that we have recognized.

14. SinoTech Energy Limited

Since August 2011, multiple putative class action complaints have been filed and have since been consolidated in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New Yorkfederal court in Manhattan, against SinoTechSi-

noTech Energy Limited (SinoTech), its officers and directors, its auditor at the time of theits initial public offering (IPO), and its underwriters, including UBS, alleging, among other claims,UBS. The second amended complaint filed in June 2012 alleges, with respect to the underwriters, that the registration statement and prospectus filed in connection with SinoTech’s 3 NovemberSino-Tech’s 2010 USD 168 million initial public offeringIPO of American Depositary Shares, of which UBS underwrote 70%, contained materially misleading statements and

omissions, in violationincluding allegations regarding the authenticity and accuracy of certain asset purchase contracts purportedly entered into between SinoTech and its vendors. Plaintiff asserts violations of the US federal securities laws. UBS underwrote 70% of the offering. Plaintiffs seeklaws and seeks unspecified compensatory damages, among other relief. UBS and several other defendants have reached an agreement to settle the lawsuit, which is subject to court approval.

15)15. Swiss retrocessions

The Zurich High Court decided in January 2012, in a test case, that fees received by a bank for the distribution of financial products issued by third parties should be considered to be “retrocessions” unless they are received by the bank for genuine distribution services. Fees considered to be retrocessions would have to be disclosed to the affected clients and, absent specific client consent, surrendered to them. IfOn appeal, the holdingSwiss Supreme Court ruled in October 2012 that distribution fees paid to UBS for distributing third party and intra-group investment funds and structured products must be disclosed and surrendered to clients who have entered into a discretionary mandate agreement with the bank, absent a valid waiver.

In November 2012, FINMA issued a supervisory note to all Swiss banks in response to the Supreme Court decision. The note sets forth the measures Swiss banks are to adopt, which include informing all affected clients about the Supreme Court decision and directing them to an internal bank contact for further details. UBS has met the FINMA requirements and has notified all potentially affected clients in the context of the mailing of the year-end account statements.

It is expected that the Supreme Court decision will result in a signifi cant number of client requests for UBS to disclose and potentially surrender retrocessions. Client requests will be assessed on a case-by-case basis. Considerations to be taken into account when assessing these cases include, among others, the existence of a discretionary mandate and whether or not the client documentation contained a valid waiver with respect to distribution fees.

    Our balance sheet at 31 December 2012 reflected a provision with respect to matters described in this case is not reverseditem 15 in an amount that UBS believes to be appropriate under the applicable accounting standard. The ultimate exposure will depend on appealclient requests and is followedthe resolution thereof, factors that are difficult to predict and assess, particularly in other cases, UBS (like other banks in Switzerland) could be subjectview of the limited experience to reimbursement claims by certain clients for fees retaineddate. Hence as in the past.case of other matters for which we have established provisions, the future outflow of resources in respect of

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such matters cannot be determined with certainty based on currently available information, and accordingly may ultimately prove to be substantially greater (or may be less) than the provision that we have recognized.

16. Unauthorized trading incident

FINMA and the FSA have been conducting a joint investigation ofThe trial in connection with the unauthorized trading incident that occurred in the Investment Bank and was announced in September 2011. In addition,2011 concluded on 20 November 2012. The defendant was found guilty on two counts of fraud and not guilty on four counts of false accounting. On 26 November 2012, FINMA and the FSA have announced thatthe findings of their joint investigation. They also announced the actions they have commenced enforcement proceedingstaken, and the FSA imposed a fine of GBP 29.7 million on UBS.

In October 2012, a consolidated complaint was filed in a putative securities fraud class action pending in federal court in Manhattan against UBS in relationto this matter.

c) Other contingent liabilities

Demands related to salesAG and certain of mortgagesits current and RMBS

For several years priorformer officers relating to the crisis inunauthorized trading incident. The lawsuit was filed on behalf of parties who purchased publicly traded UBS securities on any US exchange, or where title passed within the US, residential mortgage loan market, we sponsored securitizations of US residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS) and were a purchaser and seller of US residential mortgages. A subsidiary of UBS, UBS RESI, acquired pools of residential mortgage loans from originators and (through an affiliate) deposited them into securitization trusts. In this manner, from 2004 through 2007 UBS RESI sponsored approximately USD 80 billion in RMBS, based on the original principal balances of the securities issued. The overall market for privately issued US RMBS during this period was approximately USD 3.9 trillion.

UBS RESI also sold pools of loans acquired from originators to third-party purchasers. These whole loan sales during the period 200417 November 2009 through 2007 totaled15 September 2011. The complaint alleges that UBS misrepresented, through its public statements and financial disclosures, that its risk controls and procedures were effective, and that the falsity of these representations became apparent when UBS disclosed the unauthorized trading incident in September 2011, a disclosure that purportedly caused UBS’s stock price to drop 10% in one day. The plaintiff seeks unspecified damages and interest, among other relief. UBS’s motion to dismiss the complaint is pending.

17. Banco UBS Pactual tax indemnity

Pursuant to the 2009 sale of Banco UBS Pactual S.A. (Pactual) by UBS to BTG Investments, LP (BTG), BTG has submitted contractual indemnification claims that UBS estimates amount to approximately USD 191.1 billion, in original principal balance.

We were not a significant originator of US residential loans.

A subsidiary of UBS originated approximately USD 1.5 billion in US residential mortgage loans duringincluding interest and penalties. The claims pertain principally to several tax assessments issued by the period in which it was active from 2006 to 2008, and securitized less than half of these loans.

When we acted as an RMBS sponsor or mortgage seller, we generally made certain representationsBrazilian tax authorities against Pactual relating to the characteristics of the underlying loans. In the event of a material breach of these representations, we were in certain circumstances contractually obligated to repurchase the loans to which they related or to indemnify certain parties against losses. We have been notified by certain institutional purchasers and insurers of mortgage loans and RMBS, including a GSE, that possible breaches of representations may entitle the purchasers to require that UBS repurchase the loans or to other relief. We have tolling agreements with some of these institutional purchasers and insurers concerning their potential claims. The table below summarizes repurchase demands received by UBS and UBS’s repurchase activityperiod from December 2006 through 29March 2009, when UBS owned Pactual. These assessments are being or will be challenged in administrative proceedings. In February 2012.

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Notes to2013, the consolidated financial statements

Note 21 Provisions and contingent liabilities (continued)

Loan repurchase demands by year received – original principal balance of loans1            
                               
USD million  2006–2008   2009   2010   2011   through
29 February
2012
   Total 
Actual or agreed loan repurchases / make whole payments by UBS   11.7     1.4           13.1  
                               
Demands resolved or expected to be resolved through enforcement of indemnification rights against third party originators     77.4     1.8     46.2     5.3     130.7  
                               
Demands resolved in litigation   0.6     20.7           21.3  
                               
Demands in litigation2       345.6     652.1       997.1  
                               
Demands rebutted by UBS but not yet rescinded by counterparty     4.0     1.8     368.5     12.1     386.4  
                               
Demands rescinded by counterparty   110.2     99.6     18.8     8.1       236.8  
                               
Demands in review by UBS     2.1     0.1     9.1     85.6     97.5  
                               
Total   122.5     205.1     368.2     1,084.1     103.1     1,882.9  
                               

1Loans submitted by multiple counterparties are counted only once. This isBrazilian tax authority issued a change fromdecision that reduced our prior practice in the presentation of this information. For this reason, the comparable table in our fourth quarter 2011 report included double-counted loans withpotential exposure on an original principal balance of approximately USD 42.4 million.  2Includes (i) USD 124.9 million of demands in litigation which were previously classified asDemands resolved or expected to be resolved through enforcement of UBS’s indemnification rights against third-party originators; and (ii) USD 47.7 million of demands in litigation which were previously classified asActual or agreed loan repurchases / make whole payments by UBS.

Our balance sheet as of 31 December 2011 reflected a provision of USD 104 million (adjusted from USD 93 million previously reported) based on our best estimate of the loss arising from certain loan repurchase demands received since 2006 to which we have agreed or which remain unresolved, and for certain anticipated loan repurchase demands of which we have been informed. Assured Guaranty advised UBS in 2011 that it intended to make loan repurchase demands that were estimated to be at least USD 900 million in original principal balance. Of the USD 598 million (by original principal balance) of purported loan repurchase demands received in the fourth quarter of 2011 and through 29 February 2012, approximately USD 489 million of such demands were received from Assured Guaranty. As described above under “b) Litigation and regulatory matters”, Assured Guaranty filed a lawsuit against UBS RESI on 2 February 2012assessment relating to certain of these repurchase demands, among others. It is not clear when or to what extent additional demands will be made by Assured Guaranty or others. UBS also cannot reliably estimate when or to what extent the provision will be utilizeddeductions taken for goodwill amortization in connection with actual loan repurchases or payments for liquidated loans, because both the submission2006 acquisition of loan repurchase demands andPactual. The remaining assessment, net of this deduction, is being appealed to the timingnext level administrative court. BTG has also provided notice to UBS of resolution of such demands are uncertain.

Payments made by UBS to date to resolve repurchase demands have been for liquidated adjustable rate mortgages that provide the borrower with a choice of monthly payment options (Option ARM loans). These payments were equivalent to approximately 62% of the original principal balance of the Option ARM loans. The corresponding percentages for other loan types can be expected to vary. With respect to unliquidated Option ARM loans that UBS has agreed to repurchase, UBS expects severity rates will be similar to payments made for liquidated loans. Actual losses upon repurchase will reflect the estimated value of the loans in question at the time of repurchase as well as, in some cases,

partial repaymentseveral additional Pactual-related inquiries by the borrowers or advances by servicers priorBrazilian tax authorities that relate to repurchase. It is not possible to predict future indemnity rates or percentage losses upon repurchase for reasons including timing and market uncertainties as well as possible differences in the characteristicsperiod of loans that may be the subjectUBS’s ownership of future demands compared with those that have been the subject of past demands.Pactual, but involving substantially smaller amounts.

18. Greater Southwestern Funding

In most instancesJune 2010, UBS was named as a defendant in which we would be requireda putative class action complaint brought in federal court in Oklahoma relating to repurchase loans or indemnify against losses due to misrepresentations, we would be able to assert demands against third-party loan originators who provided representations when selling the related loans to UBS. However, many of these third parties are insolvent or no longer exist. We estimate that, of the total original principal balance of loans sold or securitized by UBS from 2004 through 2007, less than 50% was purchased from surviving third-party originators. In connection with approximately 60% of the loans (by original principal balance) for which UBS has made payment or agreed to make payment in response to demands received in 2010 and 2011, UBS has in turn asserted indemnity or repurchase demands against originators. Only a small number of our demands have been resolved, and we have not recognized any asset on our balance sheet in respect of the unresolved demands. UBS has also advised certain surviving originators of repurchase demands made against UBS for which UBS would be entitled to indemnity and has asserted that such demands should be resolved directly by the originator and the party making the demand.

We cannot reliably estimate the level of future repurchase demands, and do not know whether our rebuttals of such demands will be a good predictor of future rates of rebuttal. We also cannot reliably estimate the timing of any such demands.

As described above under “b) Litigation and regulatory matters”, we are also subject to claims and threatened claims in connection with ourits role as underwriter and issuerseller in a bond offering of RMBS.USD 182 million in zero coupon bonds originally issued in 1984 by Greater Southwestern Funding Corporation (GSF). The complaint alleges that GSF breached its contractual obligation to make payments on the bonds and is liable for the principal and interest due on the bonds, and that UBS is liable for GSF’s contract indebtedness under equitable theories, including a corporate “veil-piercing” claim. A class was certified in December 2011. UBS’s motion for summary judgment seeking dismissal of all claims against UBS is pending. Trial is scheduled to begin as early as April 2013.

 

Financial information

 

Additional information

Note 2224 Income taxes

 

 

  For the year ended   For the year ended 
CHF million  31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.09   31.12.12   31.12.111   31.12.101 
Tax expense / (benefit) from continuing operations    
   
Tax expense/(benefit) from continuing operations         
Swiss             
   

Current

   23    (75  55     95     23     (75)  
   

Deferred

   1,063    668    23     23     1,041     640  
   
Foreign             
   

Current

   83    300    462     72     83     300  
   

Deferred

   (246  (1,273  (983   271     (246)     (1,273)  
            
Total income tax expense / (benefit) from continuing operations   923    (381  (443   461     901     (409
            
Tax expense from discontinued operations    
   
Swiss   0    0    0  
   
Total income tax expense from discontinued operations   0    0    0  
   
Total income tax expense / (benefit)   923    (381  (443
   

1  Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” for more information with regard to the adoption of IAS19R.

 

The Swiss netcurrent tax expense of CHF 95 million relates to taxable profits, against which no losses were available to offset, earned by Swiss subsidiaries and also from the sale of real estate. The Swiss deferred tax expense of CHF 1,06323 million relates to a decrease in recognized deferred tax assets, due to Swiss pre-tax profits earned during the year, offset by Swiss tax relief for the impairment of goodwill.

The foreign net current tax expense of CHF 72 million relates to a tax expense in respect of taxable profits earned by non-Swiss subsidiaries and branches, against which no losses were available to offset, partly offset by a tax benefit from the release of provisions in respect of tax

positions which were previously uncertain. The foreign deferred tax expense of CHF 271 million mainly reflects a tax expense of CHF 949 million for the amortization of deferred tax assets, as tax losses arewere used against profits arising from business operations. In addition, it reflects a tax charge of CHF 245 million relating to the revaluation of deferred tax assets (reflecting updated profit forecast assumptions including the expected geographical mix) partly offset by a CHF 131 million tax effect relating to the unauthorized trading incident.

The foreign net deferred tax benefit of CHF 246 million reflects a US tax benefit of CHF 400 million, which mainly relates to a write-up of deferred tax assets for US tax losses incurred in previous years, predominantly in the parent bank, UBS AG. This was partly offset by a tax expense of CHF 41 million relating to the downward revaluation of deferred tax assets for Japan, following a change in statutory tax rates and loss offset rules, and

a tax expense of CHF 113 million for the amortization of deferred tax assets, as tax losses are used against profits in various locations.

The net current tax expense of CHF 106 million (Swiss CHF 23 million, foreign CHF 83 million) reflects tax expenses of CHF 277 million in relation to taxable profits of Group entities, partly offset by current tax benefits of CHF 171 million relating to prior periods. A deferred tax expense of CHF 17 million related to prior years reduces the net tax benefits related to prior years to CHF 155 million.profits.

The Group made net corporate income tax payments, including Swiss and foreign taxes, of CHF 261 million, CHF 349 million and CHF 498 million in 2012, 2011, and CHF 505 million in 2011, 2010 and 2009 respectively.

The components of operating profit before tax, and the differences between income tax expense reflected in the financial statements and the amounts calculated at the Swiss tax rate, are as follows:

 

 

  For the year ended   For the year ended 
CHF million  31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.09   31.12.12 31.12.111   31.12.101 
Operating profit from continuing operations before tax   5,350    7,455    (2,561
Operating profit/(loss) from continuing operations before tax   (1,774)    5,307     7,345  

of which: Swiss

   4,040    4,652     5,842  

of which: Foreign

   (5,814)    654     1,503  
         

of which: Swiss

   4,743    5,999    4,871  
   

of which: foreign

   607    1,456    (7,433
   
Income taxes at Swiss tax rate of 21.5% for 2011, 2010 and 2009   1,150    1,603    (551
Income taxes at Swiss tax rate of 21% for 2012, and 21.5% for 2011 and 2010   (373  1,141     1,579  
         
Increase/(decrease) resulting from:          
   
Applicable tax rates differing from Swiss tax rate   106    (49  (1,636   (684)    98     (60)  
   
Tax effects of losses not recognized   939    275    1,188     184    939     275  
   
Previously unrecorded tax losses now utilized   (8  (1,225  (79   (1,342)    (8)     (1,225)  
   
Non-taxable and lower taxed income   (1,189  (889  (932   (417)    (1,189)     (889)  
   
Non-deductible expenses and additional taxable income   674    1,985    1,012     2,205    674     1,985  
   
Adjustments related to prior years   (155  (258  (65
   
Adjustments related to prior years – current tax   (216)    (171)     (261)  
Adjustments related to prior years – deferred tax   1    17     3  
Change in deferred tax valuation allowances   (676  (1,820  552     1,071    (680)     (1,813)  
   
Adjustments to deferred tax balances arising from changes in tax rates   42    11    14     7    42     11  
   
Other items   39    (14  55     25    39     (14)  
         
Income tax expense / (benefit) from continuing operations   923    (381  (443   461    901     (409
         

1  Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” for more information with regard to the adoption of IAS19R.

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

 

Note 2224 Income taxes (continued)

 

 

Certain deferred tax asset and liability movements are recognized directly in equity, includingequity. In 2012 these include tax charges of CHF 581 million recognized in other comprehensive income (2011: CHF 152 million) and CHF 457 million recognized in Share premium (2011: benefit of CHF 280 million), which mainly relate to the lower valuation of deferred tax assets for net Swiss tax losses arising in previous periods. These charges were more than offset by a tax credit of CHF 1,119 million recognized in other comprehensive income related to previous years due to the retrospective adoption of IAS 19R. In addition, there were net foreign currency translation losses related to the effects of exchange rate changes on tax assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than Swiss francs. In particular, in 2011, a net deferred tax charge of CHF 218 million was reflected directly in equity. This included a tax charge reflected in other comprehensive income of CHF 498 million, which mainly related to an increase in a Swiss deferred tax liability for cash flow hedges, partly offset by a tax benefit in the share premium account of CHF 280 million, which mainly reflects an increase in recognized Swiss tax losses incurred in previous years that are of an equity nature for IFRS accounting purposes.

In the table below, the valuation allowance represents amounts that are not expected to provide a future benefitstax benefit due to insufficient projected future taxable income.profits.

UBS AG Switzerland and certain overseas branches and subsidiaries of the Group have deferred tax assets related to tax loss carry-forwards and other items as shown in the table below. For entities that incurred losses in either the current or preceding year, CHF 5643,487 million iswas recognized as deferred tax assets as of 31 December 20112012 (CHF 9,147564 million as of 31 December 2010)2011).

 

 

CHF million

  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.121   31.12.112 
Deferred tax assets  Gross   Valuation
allowance
 Recognized   Gross Valuation
allowance
 Recognized   Gross   Valuation
allowance
 Recognized   Gross   Valuation
allowance
 Recognized 
Compensation and benefits   1,780     (1,564  216     1,993    (1,791  201     1,698     (1,047  651     3,312     (1,995  1,317  
                     
Tax loss carry-forwards   27,171     (19,122  8,049     28,1861   (19,258)1   8,929     29,022     (23,276  5,746     27,275     (19,226  8,049  
                     
Trading assets   880     (813  67     1,164    (999  165     1,067     (131  936     880     (813  67  
                     
Other   1,641     (1,447  194     2,002    (1,776  226     1,235     (425  809     1,641     (1,447  194  
                     
Total deferred tax assets   31,471     (22,946  8,526     33,345    (23,823  9,522     33,021     (24,879  8,143     33,108     (23,481  9,627  
                     
Deferred tax liabilities                                                  
Compensation and benefits      0       0  
Goodwill and intangible assets      17        37  
            
Trading assets      5        1  
                     
Property and equipment      1       0        2        1  
                     
Financial investments and associates      32       25  
Financial investments      2        11  
                     
Trading assets      1       1  
         
Goodwill and intangible assets      37       40  
         
Other      6       31  
Investments in associates and other      26        17  
                     
Total deferred tax liabilities      79       97        52        68  
                     

1 In 2011, we correctedThe deferred tax assets recognized for compensation and benefits, trading assets and other temporary differences increased in the amounts presented for grossyear by CHF 1.8 billion as a result of recognizing deferred tax assets for temporary differences in advance of those on tax loss carry-forwards aslosses for locations where there is partial recognition of 31 December 2010 from CHF 28,474 million to CHF 28,186 million and valuation allowance correspondingly from CHF 19,546 million to CHF 19,258 million. Total recognizeddeferred tax assets. This had no impact on the overall amount of deferred tax assets were not affected.recognized, as there was a corresponding reduction in the amount of deferred tax assets recognized for tax loss carry-forwards.2 Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” for more information with regard to the adoption of IAS19R.

 

The deferred tax assets recognized as of 31 December 20112012 in respect of tax losses have beenloss carry-forwards were based on expected profitability assumptions over a five-year horizon. The expected future profitability is based onusing business plan assumptions, as adjusted to take into account the recognition criteria of IAS 12.12 Income taxes. If the business plan earnings and assumptions in future periods substantially deviate from the

current assumptions, the amount of deferred tax assets may need to be adjusted in the future.

As of 31 December 2011,2012, tax lossesloss carry-forwards totaling CHF 52,07368,125 million, which are not recognized as deferred tax assets, arewere available to be offset against future taxable income. Theprofits. These tax losses not recognized as deferred tax assets expire as follows:

 

 

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10 
Within 1 year   3     0  
           
From 2 to 5 years   29     3,184  
           
From 6 to 10 years   85     54  
           
From 11 to 20 years   38,647     38,7611 
           
No expiry   13,309     11,174  
           
Total   52,073     53,173  
           

1 In 2011, we corrected the tax losses not recognized as deferred tax assets as of 31 December 2010 from CHF 36,943 million to CHF 38,761 million.

CHF million  31.12.12   31.12.11 
Within 1 year   0     3  
           
From 2 to 5 years   7,912     29  
           
From 6 to 10 years   461     85  
           
From 11 to 20 years   43,866     38,647  
           
No expiry   15,886     13,309  
           
Total   68,125     52,073  
           

 

In general, Swiss tax losses can be carried forward for seven years, US federal tax losses for 20 years and UK and Jersey tax losses for an unlimited period.

The Group provides for deferred income taxestax on undistributed earnings

earnings of subsidiaries except to the extent that those earnings are indefinitely invested.

As of 31 December 2011,2012, no such earnings were treated asconsidered indefinitely invested.

 

 

386

350


Financial information

 

Note 2325 Derivative instruments and hedge accounting

 

 

Derivatives: overview

A derivative is a financial instrument, the value of which is derived from the value of a variableone or more variables (“underlying”underlyings”). Underlyings may be indices, exchangeexchanges or interest rates, or the value of shares, commodities, bonds, or other financial instruments. A derivative commonly requires little or no initial net investment by either counterparty to the trade.

The majority of derivative contracts are negotiated with respect to notional amounts, tenor, price and settlement mechanisms, as is customary with other financial instruments. The notional amount of a derivative is generally the quantity of the underlying instrument on which the derivative contract is based and is the reference against which changes in the value of the derivative are measured. Notional values, in themselves, are generally not a direct indication of the values which are exchanged between parties, and are therefore not a direct measure of risk or financial exposure, but are viewed as an indication of the scale of the different types of derivatives entered into by the Group.

Over-the-counter (OTC) contracts are usually traded under a standardized International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA) master trading agreement (MTA) between UBS and its counterparties. Terms are negotiated directly with counterparties and the contracts will have industry-standard settlement mechanisms prescribed by ISDA. Other derivative contracts are standardized in terms of their amounts and settlement dates, and are bought and sold on organized exchanges; these are commonly referred to as exchange-traded derivatives (ETD) contracts. Exchanges offer the benefits of pricing transparency, standardized daily settlement of changes in value, and consequently reduced credit risk. During 2011,2012, the industry continued to promote the use of Central Counterparties (CCP) to clear OTC trades. The trend toward CCP clearing and settlement will generally facilitate the reduction of systemic credit exposures.

Derivative instruments are measured at fair value and generally classified asPositive replacement valuesandNegative replacement valueson the face of the balance sheet. Derivative instruments that trade on an exchange or through a clearing house are generally classified asCash collateral receivable or payable on derivative instruments. They are not classified within replacement values because the change in fair value of these instruments is economically settled each day through the cash payment of variation margin. Products that receive this treatment are futures contracts, 100% daily margined exchange traded options, interest rate swaps and forward rate agreements transacted with the London Clearing House and certain credit derivative contracts.

Additionally, for presentation purposes, the Group is subject to the IFRS netting provisions for other derivative contracts, if all the following conditions exist: contracts are with the same legal counterparty; the Group has legally enforceable rights to set off amounts due; the contracts have common maturity dates; and the parties intend to settle net, which may be evidenced by current practice. Changes in the replacement values of derivatives

are recorded in net trading income, unless the derivatives are designated and effective as hedging instruments in certain types of hedge accounting relationships as described in “NoteNote 1a) 15) Derivative instruments and hedge accounting”.

Valuation principles and techniques applied in the measurement of fair value derivative instruments are discussed in “Note 26a) Valuation principles”.Note 27a.Positive replacement valuesrepresent the estimated amount the Group would receive if the derivative contract were settled in

full on the balance sheet date.Negative replacement valuesindicate the value at which the Group would extinguish its obligations in respect of the underlying contract, were it required or entitled to do so on the balance sheet date.

Derivatives embedded in other financial instruments are not included in the table “Derivative instruments” within this Note. Bifurcated embedded derivatives are presented on the same balance sheet line as the host contract. In case where UBS applies the fair value option to hybrid instruments, bifurcation of an embedded derivative component is not required and as such, also not included in the table “Derivative instruments”. Refer to “Note 13 Financial asset designated at fair value” and “Note 20 Financial liabilities designated at fair value” for more information.

Types of derivative instruments

The Group uses the following derivative financial instruments for both trading and hedging purposes. Through the use of the products listed below, the Group is engaged in extensive high volume market-making and client facilitation trading referred to as the flow business. Measurement techniques applied to determine the fair value of each product type are described in “Note 26c Valuation techniques by product”.Note 27c.

  

The main types of derivative instruments used by the Group are:

 

Options and warrants:options and warrants are contractual agreements under which, typically, the seller (writer) grants the purchaser the right, but not the obligation, either to buy (call option), or to sell (put option) at, or before, a set date, a specified quantity of a financial instrument or commodity at a predetermined price. The purchaser pays a premium to the seller for this right. Options involving more complex payment structures are also transacted. Options may be traded in the OTC market, or on a regulated exchange, and may be traded in the form of a security (warrant).

 

Swaps:Swaps are transactions in which two parties exchange cash flows on a specified notional amount for a predetermined period.

 

Forwards and futures:Forwards and futures are contractual obligations to buy or sell financial instruments or commodities on a future date at a specified price. Forward contracts are tailor-made agreements that are transacted between counterparties in the OTC market, whereas futures are standardized contracts transacted on regulated exchanges.

 

Cross-currency swaps:Cross-currency swaps involve the exchange of interest payments based on two different currency principal balances and reference interest rates and generally also entail exchange of principal amounts at the start or end of the contract. Most cross-currency swaps are traded in the OTC market.

  

The main products and underlyings, that the Group uses are:

 

Interest rate contracts:Interest rate products include interest rate swaps, forward rate agreements, swaptions and caps and floors.

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 23 Derivative instruments and hedge accounting (continued)

 

Credit derivatives:Credit default swaps (CDSs) are the most common form of a credit derivative, under which the party

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 25 Derivative instruments and hedge accounting (continued)

buying protection makes one or more payments to the party selling protection in exchange for an undertaking by the seller to make a payment to the buyer following the occurrence of a contractually defined credit event with respect to a specified third-party credit entity. Settlement following a credit event may be a net cash amount, or cash in return for physical delivery of one or more obligations of the credit entity, and is made regardless of whether the protection buyer has actually suffered a loss. After a credit event and settlement, the contract is generally terminated. An elaboration ofMore information on credit derivatives is included in a separate section below.

 

Total return swaps (TRSs):TRSs are employed in both the Investment Bank’s fixed income and equity trading businesses with underlyings which are generally equity or fixed income indices, loans or bonds. TRSs are structured with one party making payments based on a set rate, either fixed or variable, plus any negative changes in fair value of an underlying asset, and the other party making payments based on the return of an underlyingthe asset, which includes both the profit or lossincome it generates and any positive changes in its fair value.

 

Foreign exchange contracts:Foreign exchange contracts will include spot, forward and cross-currency swaps and options and warrants. Forward purchase and sale currency contracts are typically executed to meet client needs and for trading and hedging purposes.

 

Equity/Equity / Index contracts:The Group uses equity derivatives linked to single names, indices and baskets of single names and indices. The indices used may be based on a standard market index, or may be defined by UBS. The product types traded include vanilla listed derivatives, both options and futures, total return swaps, forwards and exotic OTC contracts.

 

Commodities contracts:The Group has an established commodity derivatives trading business, which includes the commodity index, the structured business and the flow business. The index and structured business are client facilitation businesses trading exchange traded funds, OTC swaps and options on commodity indices. The underlying indices cover third party and UBS defined indices such as the UBS Bloomberg Constant Maturity Commodity Index and the Dow Jones UBS Commodity indices. The flow business is investor led and incorporates both ETD and vanilla OTC products, for which the underlying covers the agriculture, base metals and energy sectors. All of the flow trading is cash settled with no physical delivery of the underlying.

 

Precious metals:The Group has an established precious metals ability in both flow and non-vanilla OTC products incorporating both physical and non-physical trading. The flow business

is investor led and products include ETD, vanilla OTCs and certain

non-vanilla OTCs. The vanilla OTCs are in forwards, swaps and options. The non-vanilla OTC business relates to cash-settled forwards similar in nature to non-deliverable forwards, meaning there is no physical delivery of the underlying.

Risks of derivative instruments

Derivative instruments are transacted in many trading portfolios, which generally include several types of instruments, not just derivatives. The market risk of derivatives is predominantly managed and controlled as an integral part of the market risk of these portfolios. The Group’s approach to market risk is described in the audited portions of the “Market risk” section of this report.

Derivative instruments are transacted with many different counterparties, most of whom are also counterparties for other types of business. The credit risk of derivatives is managed and controlled in the context of the Group’s overall credit exposure to each counterparty. The Group’s approach to credit risk is described in the audited portions of the “Credit risk” section of this report. It should be noted that, although the positive replacement values shown on the balance sheet can be an important component of the Group’s credit exposure, the positive replacement values for a counterparty are rarely an adequate reflection of the Group’s credit exposure in its derivatives business with that counterparty. This is, for example, because on one hand, replacement values can increase over time (“potential future exposure”), while on the other hand, exposure may be mitigated by entering into master netting agreements and bilateral collateral arrangements with other counterparties. Both the exposure measures used by the Group internally to control credit risk and the capital requirements imposed by regulators reflect these additional factors.

The replacement values presented on UBS’s balance sheet include netting in accordance with IFRS requirements (refer to “NoteNote 1a) 35) Netting”), which is more restrictive than netting in accordance with Swiss Federal Banking law. Swiss Federal Banking law netting is generally based on close-out netting arrangements that are enforceable in case of insolvency. The positive and negative replacement values based on netting in accordance with Swiss Federal Banking law (factoring in cash collateral) are presented on the bottom of the table on the next page.pages.

The notional amounts presentedamount of a derivative is generally the quantity of the underlying instrument on which the derivative contract is based and is the reference against which changes in the tables indicate a nominal value of transactions outstanding at the reporting date but do not necessarily indicate the amounts of future cash flows involved or the current fair value of the instrumentsderivative are measured. Notional values, in themselves, are generally not a direct indication of the values which are exchanged between parties, and are therefore do not indicatea direct measure of risk or financial exposure, but are viewed as an indication of the Group’s exposure to credit or market risks.scale of the different types of derivatives entered into by the Group.

 

Financial information

Note 2325 Derivative instruments and hedge accounting (continued)

 

Derivative instruments1

 

 

  31.12.11   31.12.106 
CHF billion  

Total

PRV2

   Notional
values
related
to PRVs2
   

Total

NRV4

   Notional
values
related
to NRVs3
   

Other

notional

values3,5

   

Total

PRV2

   

Notional
values
related

to PRVs3

   

Total

NRV4

   

Notional
values

related

to NRVs3

   

Other
notional

values3,5

 
Interest rate contracts                    
                                                   
Over-the-counter (OTC) contracts                    
                                                   

Forward contracts7

   2.0     1,610.0     2.3     1,637.4     0.0     1.9     1,320.7     2.3     1,233.6     0.0  
                                                   

Swaps

   247.3     6,661.7     226.1     6,561.5     15,771.7     170.4     7,527.0     154.3     7,423.7     13,076.0  
                                                   

Options

   46.7     1,173.2     48.0     1,185.2     0.0     31.2     785.3     32.5     822.8     0.0  
                                                   
Exchange-traded contracts                    
                                                   

Futures

           1,450.5             778.3  
                                                   

Options

   0.0     124.0     0.0     127.8     0.0     0.0     43.7     0.0     49.4     0.0  
                                                   

Agency transactions8

   0.1       0.1         0.2       0.2      
                                                   
Total   296.1     9,569.0     276.4     9,511.9     17,222.2     203.7     9,676.7     189.3     9,529.5     13,854.3  
                                                   
Credit derivative contracts                    
                                                   
Over-the-counter (OTC) contracts                    
                                                   

Credit default swaps

   66.6     1,292.2     62.9     1,238.0     172.4     52.2     1,189.8     49.8     1,091.2     0.0  
                                                   

Total rate of return swaps

   0.6     2.4     0.5     2.0     0.0     3.5     6.1     1.3     4.2     0.0  
                                                   

Options and warrants

   0.1     3.6     0.1     4.6     0.0     0.1     11.9     0.1     9.5     0.0  
                                                   
Total   67.3     1,298.1     63.5     1,244.6     172.4     55.8     1,207.8     51.2     1,104.9     0.0  
                                                   
Foreign exchange contracts                    
                                                   
Over-the-counter (OTC) contracts                    
                                                   

Forward contracts

   15.7     648.3     14.9     610.5     0.0     16.3     531.1     17.1     554.1     0.0  
                                                   

Interest and currency swaps

   75.7     2,177.4     85.5     2,165.5     0.0     88.5     2,279.9     97.0     2,190.5     0.0  
                                                   

Options

   5.8     367.8     5.8     346.4     0.0     8.7     515.1     8.8     483.4     0.0  
                                                   
Exchange-traded contracts                    
                                                   

Futures

           12.2             9.0  
                                                   

Options

   0.0     0.1     0.0     0.6     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.0     0.1     0.0  
                                                   

Agency transactions8

   0.0       0.0         0.0       0.0      
                                                   
Total   97.2     3,193.7     106.3     3,123.0     12.2     113.5     3,326.1     123.0     3,228.1     9.0  
                                                   
Equity/index contracts                    
                                                   
Over-the-counter (OTC) contracts                    
                                                   

Forward contracts

   2.8     38.3     3.0     39.0     0.0     2.5     31.5     3.5     40.5     0.0  
                                                   

Options

   8.7     69.0     8.9     86.9     0.0     8.1     67.0     8.6     81.0     0.0  
                                                   
Exchange-traded contracts                    
                                                   

Futures

           14.7             23.3  
                                                   

Options

   3.3     84.6     3.7     85.2     0.0     3.8     94.4     3.7     98.2     0.0  
                                                   

Agency transactions8

   3.9       4.2         7.5       7.6      
                                                   
Total   18.8     191.8     19.8     211.1     14.7     21.9     192.9     23.4     219.7     23.3  
                                                   

Derivative instruments1

 

  31.12.12   31.12.11 
CHF billion  Total
PRV2
   Notional
values
related
to PRVs3
   Total
NRV4
   Notional
values
related
to NRVs3
   Other
notional
values3,5
   Total
PRV2
   Notional
values
related
to  PRVs3
   Total
NRV4
   Notional
values
related
to  NRVs3
   Other
notional
values3,5
 
Interest rate contracts                    
                                                   
Over-the-counter (OTC) contracts                    
                                                   

Forward contracts6

   0.8     481.0     0.8     443.8     1,329.6     2.0     1,610.0     2.3     1,637.4     0.0  
                                                   

Swaps7

   223.3     3,933.5     196.1     3,789.2     14,276.3     247.3     5,264.5     226.1     5,162.2     18,568.1  
                                                   

Options

   43.6     1,210.5     44.6     1,200.2     0.0     46.7     1,173.2     48.0     1,185.2     0.0  
                                                   
Exchange-traded contracts8                    
                                                   

Futures

           759.0             924.3  
                                                   

Options

   0.0     3.0     0.0     0.0     725.5     0.0     124.0     0.0     127.8     526.2  
                                                   

Agency transactions9

   0.0       0.0         0.1       0.1      
                                                   
Total   267.8     5,628.0     241.5     5,433.2     17,090.4     296.1     8,171.7     276.4     8,112.6     20,018.6  
                                                   
Credit derivative contracts                    
                                                   
Over-the-counter (OTC) contracts                    
                                                   

Credit default swaps

   36.3     1,092.3     33.9     1,044.3     236.4     66.6     1,292.2     62.9     1,238.0     172.4  
                                                   

Total rate of return swaps

   0.4     2.4     0.4     3.3     0.0     0.6     2.4     0.5     2.0     0.0  
                                                   

Options and warrants

   0.0     3.1     0.0     0.5     0.0     0.1     3.6     0.1     4.6     0.0  
                                                   
Total   36.7     1,097.8     34.3     1,048.1     236.4     67.3     1,298.1     63.5     1,244.6     172.4  
                                                   
Foreign exchange contracts                    
                                                   
Over-the-counter (OTC) contracts                    
                                                   

Forward contracts

   11.6     690.3     12.4     689.6     0.0     15.7     648.3     14.9     610.5     0.0  
                                                   

Interest and currency swaps

   76.9     2,382.0     80.9     2,193.2     0.0     75.7     2,177.4     85.5     2,165.5     0.0  
                                                   

Options

   5.1     395.1     5.2     329.3     0.0     5.8     367.8     5.8     346.4     0.0  
                                                   
Exchange-traded contracts                    
                                                   

Futures

           13.8             12.2  
                                                   

Options

   0.0     0.6     0.0     0.6     0.0     0.0     0.1     0.0     0.6     0.0  
                                                   

Agency transactions9

   0.0       0.0         0.0       0.0      
                                                   
Total   93.5     3,467.9     98.5     3,212.7     13.8     97.2     3 193.7     106.3     3,123.0     12.2  
                                                   
Equity / index contracts                    
                                                   
Over-the-counter (OTC) contracts                    
                                                   

Forward contracts

   2.7     41.7     3.3     47.0     0.0     2.8     38.3     3.0     39.0     0.0  
                                                   

Options

   8.4     84.8     7.4     98.3     0.0     8.7     69.0     8.9     86.9     0.0  
                                                   
Exchange-traded contracts8                    
                                                   

Futures

           16.6             10.6  
                                                   

Options

   2.4     94.9     3.3     106.8     17.7     3.3     84.6     3.7     85.2     4.1  
                                                   

Agency transactions9

   2.4       2.4         3.9       4.2      
                                                   
Total   15.9     221.4     16.4     252.1     34.3     18.8     191.8     19.8     211.1     14.7  
                                                   

Table continues on the next page.

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 2325 Derivative instruments and hedge accounting (continued)

 

Derivative instruments1(continued)

Table continued from previous page.

 

  31.12.11   31.12.106   31.12.12   31.12.11 
CHF billion  Total
PRV2
 Notional
Values
related
to PRVs3
   Total
NRV4
 Notional
Values
related
to NRVs3
   Other
Notional
values3,5
   Total
PRV2
 Notional
values
related
to  PRVs3
   Total
NRV4
 Notional
values
related
to  NRVs3
   Other
Notional
values3,5
   Total
PRV2
 Notional
values
related
to PRVs3
   Total
NRV4
 Notional
values
related
to NRVs3
   Other
notional
values3,5
   Total
PRV2
 Notional
values
related
to  PRVs3
   Total
NRV4
 Notional
values
related
to  NRVs3
   Other
notional
values3,5
 
Commodities contracts                                
                                    
Over-the-counter (OTC) contracts                                
                                    

Forward contracts

   2.8    29.9     2.3    21.4     0.0     2.8    19.5     3.2    21.7     0.0     1.4    22.9     1.4    21.8     0.0     2.8    29.9     2.3    21.4     0.0  
                                    

Options

   1.6    30.4     2.1    28.1     0.0     1.5    19.3     1.8    16.0     0.0     1.0    35.2     1.2    41.7     0.0     1.6    30.4     2.1    28.1     0.0  
                                    
Exchange-traded contracts                
Exchange-traded contracts8                
                                    

Futures

         17.7           37.8           14.4           17.1  
                                    

Forward contracts9

   0.1    36.7     0.2    35.0     0.0           0.0  

Forward contracts

   0.4    23.3     0.4    21.2     0.0     0.1    36.7     0.2    35.0     0.0  
                                    

Options

   0.0    4.4     0.0    6.3     0.0     0.0    0.7     0.0    1.2     0.0     0.1    6.4     0.1    7.0     1.2     0.0    4.4     0.0    6.3     0.6  
                                    

Agency transactions8

   2.3      2.4        1.7      1.7     

Agency transactions9

   0.9      0.9        2.3      2.4     
                                    
Total   6.9    101.3     7.0    90.9     17.7     6.0    39.5     6.6    38.9     37.8     3.8    87.9     4.0    91.7     15.6     6.9    101.3     7.0    90.9     17.7  
                                    
Unsettled purchases of non-derivative financial assets10   0.2    39.8     0.2    10.7     0.0     0.2    36.5     0.1    18.8     0.0     0.2    20.4     0.1    8.7     0.0     0.2    39.8     0.2    10.7     0.0  
                                    
Unsettled sales of non-derivative financial assets10   0.1    17.9     0.2    30.2     0.0     0.1    34.9     0.1    13.0     0.0     0.1    8.9     0.2    19.0     0.0     0.1    17.9     0.2    30.2     0.0  
                                    
Total derivative instruments, based on IFRS netting   486.6    14,411.6     473.4    14,222.4     17,439.2     401.1    14,514.3     393.8    14,152.9     13,924.4     418.0    10,532.4     395.1    10,065.4     17,390.4     486.6    13,014.3     473.4    12,823.1     20,235.6  
                                    
Replacement value netting, based on capital adequacy rules   (383.3    (383.3      (301.5    (301.5      (327.3    (327.3      (383.3    (383.3   
                                    
Cash collateral netting, based on capital adequacy rules   (45.6    (28.0      (36.5    (23.9      (49.4    (17.4      (45.6    (28.0   
                                    
Total derivative instruments, based on capital adequacy netting11   57.7      62.1        63.1      68.3        41.3      50.4        57.7      62.1     
                                    

1  Bifurcated embedded derivatives are presented in the same balance sheet line as the host contract and are excluded from the table; these derivatives amount to a PRV of CHF 1.10.4 billion (2010:(2011: CHF 2.71.1 billion) (related notional values of CHF 3.9 billion [2011: CHF 24.8 billion (2010: CHF 8.6 billion)billion]) and an NRV of CHF 0.2 billion (2010:(2011: CHF 1.30.2 billion) (related notional values of CHF 13.6 billion [2011: CHF 9.3 billion (2010: CHF 10.4 billion)billion]).2  PRV: Positive replacement value.3  For 31 December 2011: in case of netting ofIn cases where replacement values on the balance sheet, notional values of gross derivatives are presented in accordance with the gross positive replacement value and gross negative replacement value of the netted derivatives, respectively. For 31 December 2010: in case of netting of replacement valueson a net basis on the balance sheet, the sum of therespective notional values of netted derivatives is presented in accordance with the related net positive replacement value or net negative replacement value of the netted derivatives.replacement values are still presented on a gross basis.  4  NRV: Negative replacement value.5  Receivables resulting from these derivatives are recognized on our balance sheet under Due from banks, Loans and Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments totaling CHF 2.43.3 billion (2010:(2011: CHF 0.72.4 billion). Payables resulting from these derivatives are recognized on our balance sheet under Due to banks, Due to customers and Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments totaling CHF 2.74.0 billion (2010:(2011: CHF 2.7 billion).6 In 2011, we corrected notional values for Interest rate and Equity / index contracts. In addition, we reclassified certain PRVs, NRVs and related notional amounts from Equity / index contracts to Commodities contracts.7  Negative replacement values as of 31 December 20112012 include CHF 0.20.1 billion related to derivative loan commitments (31 December 2010: 0.32011: 0.2 billion). No notional amounts related to these replacement values are included the table. The maximum irrevocable amount related to these commitments was CHF 6.16.3 billion as of 31 December 20112012 (31 December 2010:2011: CHF 1.06.1 billion), which is not reflected in.  7  In 2012, we corrected the reportedallocation of notional amounts.values for 31 December 2011. Notional values related to positive replacement values for interest rate contracts (OTC swaps) were reduced by CHF 1,397 billion. Notional values related to negative replacement values for interest rate contracts (OTC swaps) were reduced by CHF 1,399 billion. Correspondingly, Other notional values were increased by CHF 2,796 billion.  8  In 2012, the presentation of notional values of exchange traded daily-margined options was changed. Notional values related to these instruments are now reported on the disclosure line options. Previously, notional values related to these instruments were reported on the disclosure line futures. The comparative period was restated for this change. As a result, other notional values for exchange traded interest rate contracts – options for 31 December 2011 were changed from CHF 0.0 billion to CHF 526.2 billion, with a corresponding decline to other notional values for exchange traded interest rate contracts – futures. Similarly, other notional values for exchange traded equity/index contracts – options for 31 December 2011 were changed from CHF 0.0 billion to CHF 4.1 billion, with a corresponding decline to other notional values for exchange traded equity index contracts – futures. Lastly, other notional values for exchange traded commodities contracts – options for 31 December 2011 were changed from CHF 0.0 billion to CHF 0.6 billion, with a corresponding decline to other notional values for exchange traded commodities contracts – futures.  9  Notional values of exchange-traded agency transactions are not disclosed due to their significantly different risk profile.9 In 2010, these forward contracts were not reported as PRVs and NRVs, but on the balance sheet lines Loans and Due to customers, respectively. Notional values were reported as Other notional values.10  Changes in the fair value of purchased and sold non-derivative financial assets between trade date and settlement date are recognized as replacement values.11  Includes the impact of netting agreements (including cash collateral) in accordance with Swiss Federal Banking law.

 

On a notional value basis, credit protection bought and sold held as of 31 December 2011 matures in a range of approximately 18% (2010: 10%) within one year, approximately 69% (2010: 70%) within 1 to 5 years and approximately 13% (2010: 20%) after 5 years. The maturity profile of OTC interest rate contracts held as of 31 December 2011,2012, based on notional values, is as follows: approximately 37% (2011: 42% (2010:, 2010: 45%) mature within one year, 38% (2011: 35% (2010:, 2010: 33%) within 1 to 5 years and 25% (2011: 23% (2010:, 2010: 22%) over 5 years. Notional values of interest rate contracts cleared with The London Clearing House are presented under “other notional values” and are categorized into maturity buckets on the basis of contractual maturities of the cleared underlying derivative contracts.

Derivatives transacted for trading purposes

Most of the Group’s derivative transactions relate to sales and trading activities. Sales activities include the structuring and marketing of derivative products to customers to enable them to take,

transfer, modify, or reduce, current or expected risks. Trading activities include

market making positioningto directly support the facilitation and arbitrage activities.execution of client activity. Market making involves quoting bid and offer prices to other market participants with the intention of generating revenues based on spread and volume. Positioning means managing market risk positions with the expectation of profiting from favorable movements in prices, rates or indices. Arbitrage activities involve identifying and profiting from price differentials between the same product in different markets or the same economic factor in different products.

Detailed example: Credit derivatives

UBS is an active dealer in the fixed income market, including CDSs and related products, with respect to a large number of issuer’sissuers’ securities. The primary purpose of these activities is for the benefit of UBS’s clients through market making activities and for the ongoing hedging of trading book exposures.

Market making activity consists of buying and selling single-name CDSs, index CDSs, loan CDSs and related referenced cash instruments to facilitate client trading activity. UBS also actively

 

 

390

354


Financial information

Note 2325 Derivative instruments and hedge accounting (continued)

 

 

instruments to facilitate client trading activity. UBS also actively utilizes CDSs to economically hedge specific counterparty credit risks in its accrual loan portfolio and off balanceoff-balance sheet loan portfolio (including loan commitments) with the aim of reducing concentrations in individual names, sectors or specific portfolios.

è

Refer to “Note 13 Financial assets designated at fair value”

è

Refer to “Note 20 Financial liabilities designated at fair value”

è

Refer to “Note 29c Maximum exposure to credit risk”

In addition, UBS actively utilizes CDSs to economically hedge specific counterparty credit risks in its OTC derivative portfolios including financial instruments which are designated at fair value through profit or loss. In 2010, market innovation and client demand for exposure to related productsDuring the fourth quarter of 2012, UBS announced an Investment Bank strategy change which resulted in an expansiona focus on certain types of structured activitiesclient facilitation business and continuation of the Bank’s CDS flow trading. These activities includedresulted in reduced market making activity. As a result, CDS activity be came increasingly used for economic hedging purposes.

The tables below provide further details on behalf of clients in index, multi-name index, swap index optioncredit protection bought and first-to-default CDS products. 2011 saw a continuation of this client driven business. Where applicable, these products form part of structured arrangementssold, including replacement and solutions, with clients seeking exposure to specific risks.

notional value information by instrument type and counterparty type. The value of protection bought and sold is not, in isolation, a measure of UBS’s credit risk. Counterparty relationships are viewed in terms of the total outstanding credit risk, which relates to other instruments in addition to CDSs, and in connection with collateral arrangements in place.

As On a notional value basis, credit protection bought and sold as of 31 December 2011,2012 matures in a range of approximately 22% (2011: 18%) within one year, approximately 69% (2011: 69%) within 1 to 5 years and approximately 8% (2011: 13%) after 5 years.

Credit derivatives – by type of instrument

 

  Protection bought   Protection sold 
CHF billion  Fair value:
PRV
   Fair value:
NRV
   Notional
values
   Fair value:
PRV
   

Fair value:

NRV

   Notional
values
 
Single name credit default swaps   14.7     11.0     813.8     11.1     13.1     781.7  
                               
Multi-name index linked credit default swaps   6.1     1.5     376.7     2.7     6.0     369.4  
                               
Multi-name other credit default swaps   0.8     1.2     17.7     1.0     1.2     13.7  
                               
Total return swaps   0.4     0.3     4.2     0.0     0.1     1.5  
                               
Credit default swap options   0.0     0.0     3.1     0.0     0.0     0.5  
                               
Total 31 December 2012   21.9     13.9     1,215.5     14.8     20.4     1,166.7  
                               

of which: credit derivatives related to economic hedges

   21.8     13.4     1,166.4     14.3     20.3     1,117.3  
                               

of which: credit derivatives related to market making

   0.1     0.5     48.9     0.5     0.1     49.4  
                               
Total 31 December 2011   63.2     2.9     1,392.6     4.0     60.5     1,322.5  
                               

Credit derivatives by counterparty

 

  Protection bought   Protection sold 
CHF billion  Fair value:
PRV
   Fair value:
NRV
   Notional
values
   Fair value:
PRV
   Fair value:
NRV
   Notional
values
 
Broker-dealers   5.1     3.0     255.4     3.1     5.5     254.7  
                               
Banks   12.8     10.1     752.3     10.8     13.8     741.3  
                               
Central clearing counterparties   0.0     0.0     132.6     0.0     0.0     106.3  
                               
Other   4.0     0.8     75.2     0.8     1.1     64.5  
                               
Total 31 December 2012   21.9     13.9     1,215.5     14.8     20.4     1,166.7  
                               
Total 31 December 2011   63.2     2.9     1,392.6     4.0     60.5     1,322.5  
                               

Financial information

Notes to the total notional value of protection bought was CHF 1,393 billion (CHF 63 billionPositive replacement values, CHF 3 billionNegative replacement values)consolidated financial statements

Note 25 Derivative instruments and the total notional value of protection sold was CHF 1,322 billion (CHF 4 billionPositive replacement values,CHF 61 billionNegative replacement values).hedge accounting (continued)

UBS’s credit derivatives are usually traded as OTC contracts. Since 2009, in line with the broader derivatives industry, a number of initiatives have been launched in both the US and Europe to establish CCP solutions for OTC CDS contracts with the aim of reducing counterparty risk. UBS, along with other dealer members, has participatedcontinued to participate in these initiatives and continued to do so throughout 2011.during 2012.

A significant portion of UBS’s credit derivatives are traded under an ISDA MTA between UBS and its counterparty. UBS’s CDS trades are also documented using industry standard forms of documentation published by ISDA or equivalent terms documented in a bespoke (i.e. tailored) agreement. Those forms and agreements use standardized terms that form the basis for market conventions related to the types of credit events that would trigger performance (i.e. payment default, bankruptcy, etc. – see below) under a CDS. Those agreements and forms do not contain recourse provisions that would enable UBS to recover from third parties any amounts paid out by UBS (i.e. this is the case where a credit event occurs and UBS is required to make payment under a CDS).

The types of credit events that would require UBS to perform under a CDS contract are subject to agreement between the parties at the time of the transaction. However, nearly all transactions are traded using credit events that are applicable under certain

market conventions based on the type of reference entity to which the transaction relates. Applicable credit events by market conventions include “bankruptcy”, “failure to pay”, “restructuring”, “obligation acceleration” and “repudiation/“repudiation / moratorium”.

Contingent collateral and termination features of

derivative liabilities

Certain derivative payables contain contingent collateral or termination features triggered upon a downgrade of the published credit rating of the Group in the normal course of business. Based on UBS’s credit ratings as of 31 December 2011,2012, additional collateral or termination payments pursuant to bilateral agreements with certain counterparties of approximately CHF 0.72.9 billion, CHF 5.8 billion and CHF 2.16.0 billion would have been required in the event of a one-notch, two-notch and two-notchthree-notch reduction, respectively, in UBS’s long-term credit ratings, and a corresponding reduction in short-term ratings. In evaluating UBS’s liquidity requirements, UBS considers additional collateral or termination payments that would be required in the event of a reduction in UBS’s long-term credit ratings, and a corresponding reduction in short-term ratings.

Derivatives transacted for hedging purposes

Derivatives used for structural hedging

The Group enters into derivative transactions for the purposes of hedging risks inherent in assets, liabilities and forecast transactions, cash flows and credit exposures.transactions. The accounting treatment of hedge transactions varies according to the nature of the instrument hedged and whether the hedge qualifies as such for accounting purposes.

Derivative transactions that qualify and are designated as hedges for accounting purposes are described under the corresponding headings in this note (fair value hedges, cash flow hedges and hedges of net investments in foreign operations). The Group’s accounting policies for derivatives designated and accounted for as hedging instruments are explained in “NoteNote 1a) 15) Derivative instruments and hedge accounting”, under which terms used in the following sections are explained.

The Group has also entered into various hedging strategies utilizing derivatives for which hedge accounting has not been applied. These include interest rate swaps and other interest rate derivatives (e.g. futures) for day-to-day economic interest rate risk management purposes. In addition, the Group has used equity futures, options and, to a lesser extent, swaps for economicaleconomic hedging in a variety of equity trading strategies to offset underlying equity and equity volatility exposure. The Group has also entered into CDSs that provide economic hedges for credit risk exposures (refer to the credit derivatives section). Fair value changes of derivatives that are part of economic relationships, but do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment, are reported inNet trading income,, except for forward points on certain FX swaps used to manage short-termshort duration foreign exchange contracts which are reported in Net interest income.

Fair value hedges: interest rate risk on foreign currency loans and deposits.

Financial information

Notesrelated to the consolidated financial statements

Note 23 Derivative instruments and hedge accounting (continued)

Fair value hedges of interest rate riskdebt issued

The Group’s fair value hedges principally consist of interest rate swaps that are used to protect against changes in the fair value of fixed-rate instruments (e.g. long-term fixed-rate debt issues)issued) due to movements in market interest rates. The fair values of out-

standingoutstanding interest rate swapsderivatives designated as fair value hedges were assets of CHF 3,028 million as of 31 December 2012 and assets of CHF 2,422 million and liabilities of CHF 16 million as of 31 December 2011 and assets of CHF 1,171 million and liabilities of CHF 46 million as of 31 December 2010.2011.

 

 

Fair value hedges of interest rate risk related to debt issued

 

 

  For the year ended 
CHF million  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.09 
Gains/(losses) on hedging instruments   1,203    402    (171
              
Gains/(losses) on hedged items attributable to the hedged risk   (1,172  (383  182  
              
Net gains/(losses) representing ineffective portions of fair value hedges   31    19    11  
              

 

  For the year ended 
CHF million  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10 
Gains / (losses) on hedging instruments   537    1,203    402  
              
Gains / (losses) on hedged items attributable to the hedged risk   (581  (1,172  (383
              
Net gains / (losses) representing ineffective portions of fair value hedges   (44)    31    19  
              

Financial information

Note 25 Derivative instruments and hedge accounting (continued)

 

Fair value hedges ofhedges: portfolio of interest rate risk related to loans

The Group also applies fair value hedge accounting to mortgage loan portfolio interest rate risk. The change in fair value of the hedged items is recorded separately from the hedged item and is

included inOtherassetson the balance sheet. The fair value of

outstanding interest rate swapsderivatives designated for these hedges as of 31 December 2011 was a liability2012 were assets of CHF 1 million and liabilities of CHF 1,208 million (31 December 2011: liabilities of CHF 1,389 million (31 December 2010: liability of CHF 972 million).

 

 

Fair value hedges of portfolio of interest rate risk1

 

  For the year ended 
CHF million  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.09 
Gains/(losses) on hedging instruments   (461  35    (48
              
Gains/(losses) on hedged items attributable to the hedged risk   452    (60  11  
              
Net gains / (losses) representing ineffective portions of fair value hedges   (9  (25  (37
              

1Hedge effectiveness is calculated on a cumulative basis.

Fair value hedges of foreign currency risk

The Group hedges foreign exchange exposures arising from certain foreign currency denominated non-monetary financial investments available-for-sale using the spot component of foreign exchange forward contracts. As of 31 December 2011 the aggregate notional amount of hedging instruments designated as fair value hedges of foreign currency risk was CHF 244 million (CHF 393 million as of 31 December 2010). The fair values of these hedging instruments were CHF 22 million assets as of 31 December 2011 and CHF 30 million assets as of 31 December 2010. The gains and losses on the hedging instruments and the hedged items, as well as the ineffectiveness of these hedges, were all not material in the periods presented in the financial statements.

Fair value hedge of portfolio of interest rate risk related to loans    
              

 

  For the year ended 
CHF million  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10 
Gains/(losses) on hedging instruments   139    (461  35  
              
Gains/(losses) on hedged items attributable to the hedged risk   (159  452    (60
              
Net gains/(losses) representing ineffective portions of fair value hedges   (20  (9  (25
              

Cash flow hedges of forecasted transactions

The Group is exposed to variability in future interest cash flows on non-trading financial assets, and liabilities that bear interest at variable rates or are expected to be refunded or reinvested in the future. The amounts and timing of future cash flows, representing both principal and interest flows, are projected for each portfolio of financial assets and liabilities, based on contractual terms and other relevant factors including estimates of prepayments and defaults. The aggregate principal balances and interest cash flows across all portfolios over time form the basis for identifying the non-trading interest rate risk of the Group, which is hedged with interest rate swaps, the maximum maturity of which is 16 years.

The schedule oftable below shows forecasted principal balances on which the expected interest cash flows arise as of 31 December 2011 is2012. Amounts shown below.

Forecasted cash flows          
                          
CHF billion  < 1 year   1–3 years   3–5 years   5–10 years   over 10 years 
Cash inflows   366     500     309     232     18  
                          
Cash outflows   70     91     45     58    
                          
Net cash flows   296     409     264     174     18  
                          

Financial information

in the table below represent, by time bucket, average assets and liabilities subject to forecasted cash flows designated as hedged items in cash flow hedge accounting relationships.

 

Note 23 Derivative instruments and hedge accounting (continued)

To the extent the designated cash flow hedging relationship meets the qualifying criteria, the effective portion of the fair value changes of the designated derivative hedging instruments is recognized in Equity. These gains and losses are transferred from Equity to current period earnings in the same period in which the hedged cash flows affect net profit or loss. The ineffective portion of the fair value changes of the derivative hedging instruments is recognized immediately in the income statement. A CHF 38 million loss, a CHF 22 million loss and a CHF 183 million loss were recognized in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively, in Net trading income due to hedge ineffectiveness.

As of 31 December 2011,2012, the fair values of outstanding derivatives designated as cash flow hedges of forecasted transactions were CHF 7,764 million assets and CHF 3,046 million liabilities and as of 31 December 2011 the amounts were CHF 7,450 million assets and CHF 3,583 million liabilities and asliabilities. In 2012, a gain of 31 December 2010 the amounts were CHF 5,397158 million assetswas recognized in Net trading income due to hedge ineffectiveness, compared with losses of CHF 38 million and CHF 3,39222 million liabilities.in 2011 and 2010, respectively.

At the end of 20112012 and 2010,2011, gains of CHF 73 million and CHF 187 million associated with de-designated interest rate swaps were deferred in Equity.OCI. They will be removed from EquityOCI when the previously hedged forecasted cash flows have an impact onaffect net profit or loss, or when the forecasted cash flows are no longer expected to occur. Amounts reclassified from EquityOCI to Net interest income ofrelating to de-designated swaps werewas a CHF 4 million net gain in 2012, a CHF 11 million net gain in 2011 and a CHF 28 million net gain in 20102010.

Principal balances subject to cash flow forecasts          
                          
CHF billion  < 1 year   1–3 years   3–5 years   5–10 years   over 10 years 
Assets   80     173     54     28     2  
                          
Liabilities   26     62     14     6     0  
                          
Net balance   54     111     41     22     2  
                          

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 25 Derivative instruments and CHF 40 million net gain in 2009.hedge accounting (continued)

Hedges of net investments in foreign operations

With effect from the fourth quarter 2011, the Group started to apply hedge accounting for certain net investments in foreign operations. As of 31 December 2011,2012, the positive replacement valuevalues and negative replacement valuevalues of FX swapsderivatives (mainly FX swaps) designated as hedging

instruments in net investment hedge accounting arrangementsrelationships were CHF 103 million and CHF 45 million, respectively (31 December 2011: positive replacement values of CHF 10 million and negative replacement values of CHF 40 million, respectively.million). As of 31 December 2012, the underlying hedged structural exposures in several currencies amounted to CHF 4.8 billion (31 December 2011: CHF 4.8 billion). Hedges of structural FX exposures in currencies other than USD may comprise of two jointly designated derivatives as the foreign currency risk may be hedged against USD first and then converted into Swiss francs, the presentation currency of the Group, as part of a separate FX derivative transaction. The correspondingaggregated notional amount of designated hedging derivatives as of 31 December 2012 was CHF 9.69.2 billion in total.total (31 December 2011: CHF 9.6 billion) including CHF 4.8 billion notional values related to USD versus CHF swaps and CHF 4.4 billion notional values related to derivatives hedging foreign currencies (other than USD) versus the USD. The effective portion of gains and losses of these FX swaps is transferred directly to EquityOCI to offset foreign currency translation (FCT) gains and losses on the net investments in foreign branches and subsidiaries. As such, these FX swaps hedge the structural FX exposure resulting in the accumulation of FCT on the level of individual foreign branches and subsidiaries and hence on the total FCT other comprehensive income (OCI)OCI of the Group.

Also with effect from the fourth quarter 2011, UBS began to designate certain non-derivative foreign currency financial assets and liabilities of foreign branches or subsidiaries as hedging instruments in net investment hedge accounting arrangements. The FX translation difference recorded in Equity (FCT OCI)FCT OCI of the non-derivative hedging instrument of one foreign entity offsets the structural FX exposure of another foreign entity. Therefore, the aggregated FCT OCI of the Group is unchanged from this hedge designation. As of 31 December 2011,2012, the nominal amount of non-derivative financial assets and liabilities designated as hedging instruments in such net investment hedges was CHF 16.1 billion and CHF 16.1 billion, respectively (31 December 2011: CHF 16.9 billion non-derivative financial assets and CHF 16.9 billion respectively.non-derivative financial liabilities). No material ineffectiveness of hedges of net investments in foreign operations was recognized in the income statement in 2012 and 2011.

Refer also to Note 1b) Interests in consolidated investment funds.Undiscounted cash flows

Contractual maturitiesThe table below provides undiscounted cash flows of derivativesall derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments in hedge accounting relationships

The contractual maturities of derivatives designated as hedging instruments in hedge accounting relationships are considered “essential” for the understanding of the timing of theirrelationships. Interest rate swap cash flows.

Derivatives designated in hedge accounting relationships (undiscounted cash flows)  
                                    
CHF billion  On demand   Due within
1 month
   Due between
1 and 3 months
   Due between
3 and 12 months
   Due between
1 and 5 years
   Due after
5 years
   Total 
Interest rate swaps1              
                                    
Cash Inflows     0     0     3     11     4     19  
                                    
Cash Outflows     0     0     2     8     4     15  
                                    
FX swaps/ forwards              
                                    
Cash Inflows     10             10  
                                    
Cash Outflows     10             10  
                                    
Net cash flows   0     0     0     1     3     0     4  
                                    

1 The table includesflows include cash inflows and cash outflows of all interest rate swaps designated in hedge accounting relationships, which are either assets or liabilities of UBS atas of 31 December 2011.2012.

Derivatives designated in hedge accounting relationships (undiscounted cash flows)

  

CHF billion  On demand   Due within
1 month
   Due between
1 and 3 months
   Due between
3 and 12 months
   Due between
1 and 5 years
   Due after
5 years
   Total 
Interest rate swaps              
                                    

Cash inflows

     0     0     3     10     3     17  
                                    

Cash outflows

     0     0     2     6     3     11  
                                    
FX swaps / forwards              
                                    

Cash inflows

     9             9  
                                    

Cash outflows

     9             9  
                                    
Net cash flows   0     0     0     1     4     0     6  
                                    

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Financial information

 

Off-balance-sheet information

Note 24 Pledgeable off-balance-sheet securities

The Group obtains securities which are not recorded on the balance sheet with the right to sell or repledge them as shown in the table below.

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10 
Fair value of securities received which can be sold or repledged   551,590     573,852  
           

as collateral under reverse repurchase, securities borrowing and lending arrangements, derivative transactions and other transactions

   550,023     571,970  
           

in unsecured borrowings

   1,567     1,882  
           
thereof sold or repledged   398,110     428,347  
           

in connection with financing activities

   331,415     352,668  
           

to satisfy commitments under short sale transactions

   39,480     54,975  
           

in connection with derivative and other transactions

   27,216     20,705  
           

Note 2526 Operating lease commitments

 

As of 31 December 2011,2012, UBS was obligated under a number of non­cancellablenon-cancellable operating leases for premises and equipment used primarily for operationalbanking purposes. The significant premises leases usually include renewal options and escalation clauses in line with general office rental market conditions, as well as rent adjustments based on price indices. None of ourHowever, the lease agreements contain

volume­based or leverageddo not contain contingent rent payment clauses orand purchase options, ornor do they impose any restrictions on UBS’s ability to pay dividends, engage in debt financing transactions or enter into further lease agreements.

The minimum commitments for non­cancellablenon-cancellable leases of premises and equipment and the Group’s operating lease expenses are presented as follows:

 

 

 

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.12 
Operating leases due  
   
2012   819  
Expenses for operating leases to be recognized in:  
      
2013   705     808  
      
2014   627     744  
      
2015   532     664  
      
2016   445     546  
      
2017 and thereafter   2,591  
2017   539  
   
2018 and thereafter   2,409  
      
Subtotal commitments for minimum payments under operating leases   5,719     5,710  
      
Less: Sublease rental commitments under non-cancellable leases   453     432  
      
Net commitments for minimum payments under operating leases   5,266     5,278  
      

 

CHF million  31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
Gross operating lease expense recognized in the income statement   860     837     1,057  
                
Sublease rental income   87     84     97  
                
Net operating lease expense recognized in the income statement   773     754     960  
                

Financial information

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09 
Gross operating lease expense   837     1,057     1,191  
                
Sublease rental income   84     97     57  
                
Net operating lease expense   754     960     1,134  
                

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

358


Financial information

 

Additional information

Note 2627 Fair value of financial instruments

 

a) Valuation principles

 

 

Fair value is the amount for which an asset could be exchanged, or a liability settled, between knowledgeable, willing parties in an arm’s length transaction. Financial instruments classified as held for trading or designated as at fair value through profit or loss, and financial assets classified as available for sale are recognized in the financial statements at fair value. All derivatives are measured at fair value.

Fair values are determined from quoted prices in active markets for identical financial assets or financial liabilities where these are available. Fair value of a financial asset or financial liability in an active market is the current bid or offer price times the number of units of the instrument held. Where a trading portfolio contains both financial assets and financial liabilities with offsetting market risks, fair value is generally estimated by valuing the gross long and short positions at current mid marketmid-market prices, with an adjustment at the portfolio level to the net open long or short position to amend the valuation to bid or offer as appropriate.

Where the market for a financial instrument is not active, fair value is established using a valuation technique or pricing model. Valuation techniques and models involve a degree of estimation, the extent of which depends on the instrument’s complexity and the availability of market-based data. Valuation adjustments may be made to allow for additional factors including model, risks, liquidity risk as reflected in the bid /offer spread and credit risk.risks, which are not explicitly captured within the valuation technique or model, but are nevertheless a component of the market pricing for such products. Based on the established fair value and model governance policies and related controls and procedures applied, management believes that these valuation adjustments are a necessary and appropriate to fairly reflectcomponent of the values ofvaluation for financial instruments carried at fair value on the balance sheet.

When entering into a transaction where model inputs are not market observable, the financial instrument is initially recognized at the transaction price, which is generally the best indicator of fair value. This may differ from the value obtained from the valuation model. Refer to “Note 26d)27d Deferred day-1day 1 profit or loss” for more information. The timing of the recognition in profit and loss of this initial difference in fair value depends on the individual facts and circumstances of each transaction, but is never later than when the market data become observable.

PricingValuation techniques and pricing models and

UBS uses widely recognized valuation techniques

for determining fair values of less complex financial instruments. The most frequently applied valuation techniques and pricing models include discounted cash flow, models, relative value models and option pricing models. Discounted cash flow models determine the value by estimating the expected future cash flows from assets or liabilities discounted to their present value. Relative value models determine the value based on the market prices of similar assets or liabilities. Option

pricing models include suchuse probability-based techniques asthat include binomial and Monte Carlo pricing.

UBS uses widely recognized valuation techniques for determining fair values of less complex financial instruments such as interest rate and currency swaps. For more complex instruments and instruments not traded in an active market, fair values may be estimated using a combination of observed transaction prices, independentconsensus pricing services and relevant quotes. Consideration is given to the nature of the quotes (e.g., indicative or firm) and the relationship of recently evidenced market activity to the prices provided from independentconsensus pricing services. UBS also uses internally developed models, which are usuallytypically based on valuation methods and techniques generally recognized as standard within the industry.

Such valuationValuation models are used primarily to value derivatives transacted in the over-the-counter (OTC) market, unlisted equity and debt securities (including those with embedded derivatives), and other fair valued debt instruments for which markets were illiquid.not active. Market-observable assumptions and inputs are used where available, and derived from similar assets in similar and active markets, from recent transaction prices for comparable items or from other observable market data. Little, if any, weight is placed on transaction prices when calculating the fair value if there is no active market andwhere the transactions are not orderly (i.e., distressed or forced). For positions where observable reference datainputs are not available for some or all parameters, UBS determines thethese non-market-observable inputs to be used in its valuation models based on a combination of historical experience, derivation of parameter levels based upon similar products with observable price levels and knowledge of current market conditions.conditions and modeling approaches. Assumptions and inputs used in valuation techniques and models include benchmark interest rate curves, credit spreads and other premiums used in estimating discount rates, bond and equity prices, equity index prices, foreign exchange rates, and levels of market volatility and correlation.

The output of a model is always an estimate or approximation of a value that cannot be estimated with certainty. As a result, valuations are adjusted, where appropriate, to reflect close-out costs, credit exposure, model-driven-valuation adjustments, and trading restrictions and other factors when such factors would be considered by market participants.

Interest rate curves

UBS uses various market-derived interest rate curves for valuing its financial instruments. The curves used for discounting cash flows in the valuation of the collateralized derivatives reflect the funding terms associated with the relevant collateral arrangement for the instrument in question. Financial liabilities designated at fair value are measured using UBS’s funds transfer price curve. Financial assets designated at fair value are valued in lineconsistent with the curve used for the particular product. Uncollateralized credit exposure is evaluated under our credit risk control framework. For the valuation of uncollateralized derivative instruments, UBS generally employs a LIBOR flat curve.

 

359Financial information


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 2627 Fair value of financial instruments (continued)

 

 

Valuation curve changes

During 2011, we incorporated the use of differentiated valuation curves in the underlying risk management systems which value the substantial portion of our collateralized derivatives. These curves are linked to the terms of our Credit Support Annex (CSA) for the majority of our collateralized discounting exposure. This change in estimate resulted in a pre-tax loss of CHF 134 million recorded in Net trading income.

Counterparty credit risk in the valuation of OTC derivative instruments, derivatives embedded in funded assets designated at fair value and derivatives embedded in traded debt instruments

In order to estimate fair value, credit valuation adjustments (CVA) are necessary to reflect the credit risk of the counterparty inherent in OTC derivatives transactions,derivative instruments, derivatives embedded in funded assets designated at fair value and derivatives embedded in traded debt instruments. This amount represents the estimated market value of protection required to hedge counterparty credit risk from counterparties in UBS’s OTC derivatives portfolio, derivatives embedded in funded assets designated at fair value and in traded debt instruments. CVA depends on expected future exposures, default probabilities and

recovery rates. The CVArates, and also takes into consideration collateral or netting arrangements, break clauses and other contractual factors.

UBS’s own credit risk in the valuations of OTC derivative financial liabilities (Negative replacement values)instruments

The Group estimates debit valuation adjustments (DVA) to incorporate own credit in the valuation of derivatives, predominately to align it with the CVA methodology as described above. Thein the preceding section. DVA represents the theoretical cost to counterparties of hedging their UBS credit risk exposure or the credit risk reserve that a counter-partycounterparty could reasonably be expected to hold against their credit risk exposure to UBS, if they applied the same methodology used to calculate UBS’s CVA. TheUBS. DVA takes into account negative expected exposure profiles for the derivatives portfolio, collateral, netting agreements, expected future mark-to-market movements, and UBS’s credit default spreads to determine the UBS counterparty exposure from the perspective of holders of UBS debt.the counterparty.

As of 31 December 2012 and 2011, and 2010, therespectively, CVA and DVA for derivative financial instruments (replacement values) were as follows:

 

 

CVA and DVA for derivative financial instruments

CVA and DVA for derivative financial instruments

CVA and DVA for derivative financial instruments

 
CHF billion  31.12.11 31.12.10   31.12.12 31.12.11 
DVA      
      
Gain / (loss) for the year ended   0.2    0.2     (0.4  0.2  
      
Life-to-date gain/ (loss)   0.8    0.5  
Life-to-date gain / (loss)   0.4    0.8  
      
CVA1      
   
Gain / (loss) for the year ended2   (0.8  1.0     1.1    (0.8
      

of which: Monoline credit protection – negative basis trades

   (0.3  0.7     0.2    (0.3
      

of which: Monoline credit protection – other

   (0.1  0.1     0.1    (0.1
      

of which: Other instruments

   (0.4  0.2     0.8    (0.4
      
Life-to-date gain/ (loss)   (2.9  (2.2
Life-to-date gain / (loss)   (0.9  (2.9
      

of which: Monoline credit protection – negative basis trades

   (1.3  (1.1   (0.3  (1.3
      

of which: Monoline credit protection – other

   (0.2  (0.1   (0.1  (0.2
      

of which: Other instruments

   (1.4  (1.0   (0.6  (1.4
      

1Amounts do not include reserves against defaulted counterparties.22Amounts do not include commutations.

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 27 Fair value of financial instruments (continued)

 

UBS’s own credit risk in the valuations of financial liabilities designated at fair value

Changes in UBS’sThe Group’s own credit arerisk is reflected in the valuation of those financial liabilities designated at fair value, for which UBS’sif the Group’s own credit risk would be considered by market participants. Own credit effects are not reflected in the valuations of fully collateralized transactions and other instruments for which it is established market practice not to include them.

Own credit changes are calculated based on a funds transfer price (FTP) curve, which providesthe Group uses to derive a single, market-based level of discounting for uncollateralized funded instruments. UBS senior debt curve spreads are discounted in order to

uncollateralized funded instruments within UBS.arrive at the FTP curve, with the discount primarily reflecting the differences between the spreads in the senior unsecured debt market for UBS paper and the levels at which UBS medium-term notes (MTNs) are currently issued. The FTP curve is used by UBS to value uncollateralized and partially collateralized funding transactions designated at fair value and for relevant tenors is set by reference to the level at which newly issued UBS medium-term notes (MTNs) are priced. The FTP curve spread is considered to be representative of theUBS credit risk, which reflectsreflecting the premium that market participants require to purchase UBS MTNs.

AsThe effects of 31 December 2011 and 2010, respectively, the own credit results foradjustments related toFinancial liabilities designated at fair value (predominantly issued structured products) were as follows:of 31 December 2012 and 2011, respectively, are summarized in the table on the next page.

 

360


Financial information

Note 26 Fair value of financial instruments (continued)

Own credit on financial liabilities designated at fair value

 

 As of or for the year ended  As of or for the year ended 
CHF million 31.12.11   31.12.10 31.12.09  31.12.12 31.12.11   31.12.10 
Total gain / (loss) for the period ended  1,537     (548  (2,023
Gain / (loss) for the year ended  (2,202  1,537     (548
        

of which: credit spread related only

  1,526     (471  (1,958  (2,338  1,526     (471
        
Life-to-date gain  1,934     237    890  
Life-to-date gain / (loss)  (292  1,934     237  
        

 

Year-to-date amounts represent the change during the year and life-to-date amounts reflect the cumulative change since initial recognition. The change in own credit for the period can be analyzed in two components: (1) changes in fair value that are attributable to the change in UBS’s credit spreads during the period, and (2) the effect of volume changes, which is the change in fair values attributable to factors other than credit spreads, such as redemptions, effects from time decay, changes in interest rates and changes in the value of referenced instruments issued by third parties. The disclosed ownOwn credit amounts are also impacted by foreign currency movements.

ADuring 2012, we improved our own credit calculation methodology through system changes that enabled us to produce a more refined estimate of the impact of changes in our credit curve spread since issuance. The improved methodology compares the current valuation of the instrument using current market data with the valuation using the same current market data but the trade date FTP curve, either on a risk based or full revaluation basis. Previously, the current impact of the full FTP spread over LIBOR was compared with the unamortized impact of the full FTP spread at trade date. This methodology change resulted in an own credit gain on financial liabilities designated at fair value of CHF 217 million. Valuation methodologies and systems used across the market to estimate the own credit effects for both derivatives and financial liabilities designated at fair value continue to evolve. As such, we expect further enhancements to our own credit calculation going forward.

As of 31 December 2012, a 1 basis point increase in the UBS credit spread over LIBOR is expected to result in an own credit gain of approximately CHF 18.515.6 million.

Reflection of market liquidity risk in fair value estimates

Fair value estimates incorporate the effects of market liquidity risk in the relevant markets. Market liquidity risk is the risk that a loss is incurred in neutralizing the exposures withinexposure to a position or of a portfolio by either liquidating the position or portfolio or establishing an offsetting market risk position. A liquidity adjustment is therefore made to provide againstfor the expected cost of covering open market risk positionsexposure within a portfolio or position. Liquidity adjustments are bid / offer adjustments taken where a net open risk position is retained and the model on which it is valued is calibrated to mid market. Valuations based on models incorporate liquidity or risk premiums either implicitly (e.g., by calibrating to market prices that incorporate such premiums) or explicitly.

Reflection of model uncertainty in fair value estimates

Uncertainties associated with the use of model-based valuations are predominantly addressedincorporated into the estimate of fair value through the use of model reserves. These reserves reflect the amounts that UBS estimates are appropriate to deduct from the valuations produced directly by the models to reflect uncertainties in the relevant modeling assumptions, inputs used, calibration of the output, or choice of model. In arriving at these estimates, UBS considers a range of market practicepractices and how it believes other market

Financial information

Note 27 Fair value of financial instruments (continued)

participants would assess these uncertainties. Model reserves are periodically reassessed in light of information from market transactions, consensus pricing utilitiesservices, and other relevant sources.

Valuation processes

UBS’s fair value and model governance structure includes numerous controls and procedural safeguards that are intended to maximize the quality of fair value measurements reported in the financial statements. New products must be reviewed and approved by all stakeholders relevant to risk and financial control. Responsibility for the ongoing measurement of financial instruments at fair value resides with the business, but is independently validated by risk and financial control functions. In carrying out their valuation responsibilities, the businesses are required to consider the availability and quality of external market information and to provide justification and rationale for their fair value estimates. Independent price verification of financial instruments measured at fair value is undertaken by the product control function, which is independent from the risk-taking businesses. The objective of the independent price verificationindependent-price-verification process is to independently corroborate the business’s estimates of fair value against available market

information. By benchmarking the business’s fair value estimates with observable market prices or other independent sources, the degree of valuation uncertainty embedded in these measurements can be assessed and managed as required in the governance framework. A critical aspect of the independent price verificationindependent-price-verification process is the evaluation of the appropriatenessaccuracy of modeling approaches and input assumptions which yield fair value estimates derived from valuation models. The output of modeling approaches is also compared to observed prices and market levels for the specific instrument being priced if possible and appropriate. This calibration analysis is performed to assess the ability of the model and its inputs (which are frequently based upon a combination of price levels of observable hedge instruments and difficult to observe parameters) to price a specific product in its own specific market. An independent model review group reviewsevaluates UBS’s valuation models on a regular basis or if specific triggers occur and approves them for valuing specific products. As a result of the valuation controls employed, valuation adjustments may be made to the business’business’s estimate of fair value to either align with independent market information or financial accounting standards.

 

361


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 2627 Fair value of financial instruments (continued)

 

 

b) Fair value hierarchy

 

All financial instruments at fair value are categorized into one of three fair value hierarchy levels at year-end, based upon the lowest level input that is significant to the product’s fair value measurement in its entirety:

 

Level 1 – quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets and liabilities;

 

Level 2 – valuation techniques for which all significant inputs are market observable, either directly or indirectly; and

 

Level 3 – valuation techniques which include significant inputs that are not based on observable market data.

 

 

Determination of fair values from quoted market prices or valuation techniques1

 

  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.12   31.12.11 
CHF billion  Level 1   Level 2   Level 3   Total   Level 1   Level 2   Level 3   Total   Level 1   Level 2   Level 3   Total   Level 1   Level 2   Level 3   Total 
Financial assets held for trading2   99.4     55.7     7.8     162.8     116.1     83.0     10.8     209.9     91.3     46.8     5.7     143.8     99.4     55.7     7.8     162.8  
                                                

of which: pledged as collateral

   33.2     6.2     0.5     39.9     38.3     22.2     0.8     61.4  

of which: assets pledged as collateral which may be sold or repledged by counterparties

   38.7     5.8     0.2     44.7     33.2     6.2     0.5     39.9  
                                                
Positive replacement values   3.4     469.2     13.9     486.6     3.6     385.1     12.4     401.1     2.9     407.0     8.1     418.0     3.4     469.2     13.9     486.6  
                                                

of which:

                                
                                                

Interest rate contracts

   0.4     294.9     0.9     296.2     0.9     201.5     1.3     203.8     0.0     267.3     0.4     267.8     0.4     294.9     0.9     296.2  
                                                

Credit derivative contracts

   0.0     58.4     8.8     67.3     0.0     48.1     7.7     55.8     0.0     33.0     3.6     36.7     0.0     58.4     8.8     67.3  
                                                

Foreign exchange contracts

   0.4     94.8     2.0     97.2     0.3     112.2     1.0     113.5     0.3     92.0     1.2     93.5     0.4     94.8     2.0     97.2  
                                                

Equity/ index contracts

   2.6     14.2     2.2     19.1     2.3     17.5     2.4     22.2  

Equity / index contracts

   2.2     10.9     2.9     15.9     2.6     14.2     2.2     19.1  
                                                

Commodities contracts

   0.0     6.9     0.0     6.9     0.0     5.8     0.0     5.9     0.1     3.8     0.0     3.8     0.0     6.9     0.0     6.9  
                                                
Financial assets designated at fair value   0.7     6.9     2.7     10.3     0.8     7.3     0.5     8.5     0.1     4.1     4.9     9.1     0.7     6.9     2.7     10.3  
                                                
Financial investments available-for-sale   34.8     17.7     0.6     53.2     52.9     21.0     0.9     74.8     48.5     16.9     0.9     66.4     34.8     17.7     0.6     53.2  
                                                
Total assets   138.4     549.5     25.0     712.9     173.4     496.4     24.5     694.3     142.8     474.9     19.7     637.3     138.4     549.5     25.0     712.9  
                                                
Trading portfolio liabilities   30.4     8.4     0.6     39.5     42.9     11.8     0.3     55.0     28.6     5.4     0.2     34.2     30.4     8.4     0.6     39.5  
                                                
Negative replacement values   3.5     459.1     10.8     473.4     3.5     379.9     10.4     393.8     2.9     385.7     6.5     395.1     3.5     459.1     10.8     473.4  
                                                

of which:

                                
                                                

Interest rate contracts

   0.4     275.7     0.3     276.5     1.0     187.8     0.7     189.4     0.0     241.1     0.4     241.5     0.4     275.7     0.3     276.5  
                                                

Credit derivative contracts

   0.0     56.3     7.1     63.4     0.0     44.9     6.2     51.1     0.0     31.0     3.3     34.3     0.0     56.3     7.1     63.4  
                                                

Foreign exchange contracts

   0.4     103.6     2.3     106.3     0.3     120.9     1.8     123.0     0.3     96.7     1.5     98.5     0.4     103.6     2.3     106.3  
                                                

Equity/ index contracts

   2.7     16.5     0.9     20.1     2.2     20.5     1.5     24.2  

Equity / index contracts

   2.2     12.9     1.3     16.4     2.7     16.5     0.9     20.1  
                                                

Commodities contracts

   0.0     6.9     0.1     7.0     0.0     5.8     0.1     6.0     0.1     3.9     0.0     4.0     0.0     6.9     0.1     7.0  
                                                
Financial liabilities designated at fair value   0.0     76.9     12.1     89.0     0.0     86.7     14.0     100.8     0.0     78.2     14.7     92.9     0.0     76.9     12.1     89.0  
                        
Other liabilities – amounts due under unit-linked investment contracts   0.0     16.4     0.0     16.4     0.0     18.1     0.0     18.1     0.0     15.3     0.0     15.3     0.0     16.4     0.0     16.4  
                                                
Total liabilities   34.0     560.8     23.5     618.2     46.4     496.5     24.7     567.6     31.4     484.7     21.4     537.4     34.0     560.8     23.5     618.2  
                                                

1  Bifurcated embedded derivatives, which are presented on the same balance sheet lines as their host contracts, are excluded from this table. As of 31 December 2012, net bifurcated embedded derivative assets held at fair value, totaling CHF 0.2 billion (of which CHF 0.4 billion were net level 3 assets and CHF 0.1 billion net level 2 liabilities) were recognized on the balance sheet within Debt issued. As of 31 December 2011, net bifurcated embedded derivative assets held at fair value, totaling CHF 1.0 billion (of which CHF 0.8 billion were net level 3 assets and CHF 0.2 billion net level 2 assets), were recognized on our balance sheet within Debt issued. As of 31 December 2010, net bifurcated embedded derivative assets held at fair value, totaling CHF 1.4 billion (of which CHF 1.7 billion were net level 3 assets and CHF 0.3 billion net level 2 liabilities), were recognized on our balance sheet within Debt issued.2  Financial assets held for trading do not include precious metals and commodities.

 

Transfers between level 1 and level 2 ofin the fair value hierarchy

Trading assets ofand liabilities totaling approximately CHF 0.36.2 billion of whichand CHF 0.24.1 billion, are debt instruments, and trading liabilities of approximately CHF 0.4 billion, of which CHF 0.3 billion are debt instruments,respectively, were transferred from level 2 to level 1 respectively, dueduring 2012. These transfers mainly related to increased trading activitiesdebt instruments and volumes.were largely driven by improvements in the Eurozone government debt markets.

Financial investments available-for-sale of approximately CHF 3.6 billion were transferred from level 2 to level 1 during 2012,

also driven by improvements in the Eurozone government debt markets.

Trading assets and liabilities with amounts of approximately CHF 1.44.7 billion and trading liabilities of approximately CHF 0.71.7 billion were transferred from level 1 to level 2 respectively. Trading assets and trading liabilities transferred

were primarily comprised ofduring 2012. These transfers mainly related to debt instruments where volumes and frequency of CHF 1.3 billion and CHF 0.5 billion, respectively. These positions were transferred from level 1 to level 2 because actual trading activity no longer mettrades declined below the averagethresholds of an active market, activity as defined in UBS’s valuation governance principles in determining whether an instrument is traded in an active market.

Movements of level 3 instruments

The table below includes a roll-forward of the balance sheet amounts of the significant classes of financial instruments classified within level 3.principles.

 

362


Financial information

Note 2627 Fair value of financial instruments (continued)

 

 

Movements of level 3 instruments

 

    Derivative instruments        Derivative instruments   
CHF billion  Financial assets
held for trading
 Positive
replacement values
 Negative
replacement values
 Financial liabilities
designated at fair value
  Financial assets
held for  trading1
 

Financial assets

designated

at fair value

 Positive
replacement values
 Negative
replacement values
 

Financial liabilities

designated at fair value

 
Balance at 31 December 2009   12.2    23.8    17.0    10.3  
Balance as of 31 December 2010  10.8    0.5    12.4    10.4    14.0  
    
Total gains / losses included in the income statement1   0.2    1.2    1.8    0.3  
Total gains / losses included in the income statement  (0.4  0.0    1.9    0.7    (0.5
    
Net trading income   (0.2  1.1    1.8    0.1    (0.6  0.0    1.9    0.7    (0.5
    
Other   0.4    0.1    0.0    0.2    0.2    0.0    0.0    0.0    0.1  
    
Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements   0.0    (7.0  (5.4  (1.4  (2.2  2.1    (1.1  (0.5  0.4  
    
Purchases   3.7    0.0    0.0    0.0    2.5    0.0    0.0    0.0    0.0  
    
Sales   (3.7  0.0    0.0    0.0    (4.7  0.0    0.0    0.0    0.0  
    
Issuances   0.0    1.6    1.4    3.3    0.0    2.3    3.3    1.7    5.2  
    
Settlements   0.0    (8.6  (6.8  (4.7  0.0    (0.2  (4.4  (2.2  (4.8
    
Transfers into or out of level 3   (0.4  (2.7  (1.1  4.7    (0.4  0.1    0.6    0.1    (2.0
    
Transfers into level 3   2.4    1.6    1.8    5.8    1.0    0.1    1.7    1.3    1.8  
    
Transfers out of level 3   (2.8  (4.3  (2.9  (1.1  (1.4  0.0    (1.1  (1.2  (3.8
    
Foreign currency translation   (1.0  (3.0  (1.9  0.1    0.1    0.0    0.1    0.1    0.0  
    
Balance at 31 December 2010   10.8    12.4    10.4    14.0  
Balance as of 31 December 2011  7.8    2.7    13.9    10.8    12.1  
    
Balance at 31 December 2010   10.8    12.4    10.4    14.0  
Balance as of 31 December 2011  7.8    2.7    13.9    10.8    12.1  
    
Total gains / losses included in the income statement1   (0.4  1.9    0.7    (0.5
Total gains / losses included in the income statement  (1.1  0.1    (2.9  (1.3  1.4  
    
Net trading income   (0.6  1.9    0.7    (0.5  (1.1  0.1    (2.9  (1.3  1.9  
    

of which: related to level 3 instruments held at the end of the reporting period

  (0.3  0.0    (1.2  (0.3  1.1  
 
Other   0.2    0.0    0.0    0.1    0.0    0.0    0.0    0.0    (0.4
 

of which: related to level 3 instruments held at the end of the reporting period

  0.0    0.0    0.0    0.0    0.0  
    
Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements   (2.2  (1.1  (0.5  0.4    (0.1  1.7    (2.2  (2.8  0.0  
    
Purchases   2.5    0.0    0.0    0.0    1.0    0.0    0.0    0.0    0.0  
    
Sales   (4.7  0.0    0.0    0.0    (7.2  0.0    0.0    0.0    0.0  
    
Issuances   0.0    3.3    1.7    5.2    6.1    2.7    1.2    1.1    5.9  
    
Settlements   0.0    (4.4  (2.2  (4.8  0.0    (1.0  (3.4  (3.9  (6.0
    
Transfers into or out of level 3   (0.4  0.6    0.1    (2.0  (0.5  0.6    (0.1  0.4    0.6  
    
Transfers into level 3   1.0    1.7    1.3    1.8    2.4    0.6    2.1    2.7    5.9  
    
Transfers out of level 3   (1.4  (1.1  (1.2  (3.8  (3.0  0.0    (2.3  (2.3  (5.3
    
Foreign currency translation   0.1    0.1    0.1    0.0    (0.3  (0.3  (0.5  (0.5  0.6  
    
Balance at 31 December 2011   7.8    13.9    10.8    12.0  
Balance as of 31 December 2012  5.7    4.9    8.1    6.5    14.7  
    

1  Reflects gains and losses included in the income statement for instrumentsIncludes assets pledged as collateral which were classified as level 3 instruments at both the beginning and the end of the period as well as gains and losses for the entire period for instruments which were transferred into level 3 during the period.may be sold or repledged by counterparties.

 

363401


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 2627 Fair value of financial instruments (continued)

 

 

Material changes in level 3 instruments

As of 31 December 2011,2012, financial instruments measured with valuation techniques using significant non-market observable inputs (level 3) mainly included the following:

 

structured rates and credit positions, including bespoke collateralized debt obligations (CDO) and collateralized loan obligations (CLO);

 

reference-linked notes (RLN);

 

financial instruments linked to the US and European residential and US and non-US commercial real estate markets;

 

corporate bonds and corporate credit default swaps (CDS); and

 

lending-related productsproducts.

The significant movements in level 3 instruments during the year ended 31 December 2012 are described below.

Financial assets held for trading

Financial assets held for trading transferreddecreased from CHF 7.8 billion to CHF 5.7 billion during the year. Sales of CHF 7.2 billion, consisting mainly of commercial mortgage loans, commercial loans, corporate bonds, US subprime super senior CDO and non-US RLN, were partially offset by issuances of CHF 6.1 billion, which were primarily comprised of commercial mortgage loans and commercial loans, and purchases of CHF 1.0 billion, mainly corporate bonds. Total net losses included in the income statement were CHF 1.1 billion. Transfers into and out of level 3 during the period amounted to CHF 1.02.4 billion and CHF 1.43.0 billion, respectively. Transfers into level 3 were comprised primarily of CHF 0.4 billion of corporate bonds CHF 0.2 billion of financial instruments linkedand commercial loans due to the Asian real estate market, CHF 0.1 billion of financial instruments related to the European real estate market, CHF 0.1 billion of financial instruments linked to student loans, and CHF 0.1 billion of US RLN where no independent price verification was possible given reduced observability of marketcredit spread inputs. Transfers out of level 3 were comprised primarily of corporate bonds due to an improvement in the availability of observable credit spread data, equity related products as a reduction in instrument maturity moved volatility and dividend model inputs into tenors for which a hedge market was observable, and CMBS CDO as the availability of market-based price information improved confidence around discount margin and pricing inputs.

Financial assets designated at fair value

Financial assets designated at fair value increased from CHF 0.42.7 billion to CHF 4.9 billion, mainly due to the issuance of CHF 2.7 billion of financial instruments linkedstructured financing trades and transfers into level 3 of CHF 0.6 billion. These increases were partially offset by settlements, which were comprised mainly of structured financing trades totaling CHF 1.0 billion.

Positive replacement values

Positive replacement values decreased from CHF 13.9 billion to the Asian real estate market, CHF 0.38.1 billion of corporate bonds, CHF 0.2 billion of sovereign bonds, CHF 0.2 billion of asset backed securities, and CHF 0.1 of lending-related products as independent price sources became available by which to verify fair values.

Level 3 financial assets held for trading purchased during the year amounted toas issuances of CHF 2.5 billion. These purchases mainly included1.2 billion, primarily comprised of structured credit positions, were more than offset by settlements of CHF 1.1 billion of lending-related products, CHF 0.9 billion of corporate bonds and CHF 0.2 billion of financial instruments linked to the US commercial real estate market.

Sales of level 3 financial assets held for trading amounted to CHF 4.73.4 billion, which were comprised primarily of structured credit positions, corporate CDS and US subprime super senior CDO. Net trading losses included in the income statement were CHF 1.6 billion of lending related products, CHF 0.7 billion of financial instruments linked to the US commercial real estate market, CHF 0.7 billion of corporate bonds, CHF 0.5 billion of financial instruments linked to the Asian real estate market, CHF 0.3 billion CLO, and CHF 0.

Derivative instruments

Derivative instruments transferred into level 3 include positive replacement values of CHF 1.7 billion and negative replacement values of CHF 1.32.9 billion. Transfers into and out of level 3 instruments included positive replacement values ofwere CHF 1.12.1 billion and negative replacement values of CHF 1.2 billion.

Transfers into level 3 positive replacement values2.3 billion, respectively, and were comprised primarily of CHF 0.8 billion corporate CDS, structured rates positions as credit curves and recovery rates could no longer be independently verified, CHF 0.4 billion

of structured credit bespoke CDO, positions due to a reductionresulting from changes in the availability of observable inputs for credit spread and rates volatility data and changes in the correlation between the portfolio held and the representative market portfolio used to independently verify market datadata.

Negative replacement values

Negative replacement values decreased from CHF 10.8 billion to CHF 6.5 billion during the year primarily due to settlements of CHF 3.9 billion, which mainly included structured credit positions, corporate CDS and CMBS CDO, and net trading gains of CHF 1.3 billion. This decrease was partially offset by issuances of structured credit positions totaling CHF 1.1 billion. Transfers into and out of level 3 amounted to CHF 2.7 billion and CHF 0.22.3 billion, of sovereign CDS positions as credit curves could no longer be independently verified. Transfers into level 3 negative replacement valuesrespectively, and were comprised primarily of CHF 0.7 billion structured credit bespoke CDO, corporate CDS, index tranche CDS, structured rates and structured credit positions, due to a reductionresulting from changes in the availability of observable inputs for credit spread and rates volatility data and changes in the correlation between the portfolio held and the representative market portfolio used to independently verify market data,data.

Financial liabilities designated at fair value

Financial liabilities designated at fair value increased from CHF 0.312.1 billion to CHF 14.7 billion during the year due to issuances of corporate CDS positions as credit curvesCHF 5.9 billion, which were comprised primarily of structured financing trades, credit- and recovery rates could no longer be independently verifiedinterest rate-linked notes, net losses of CHF 1.4 billion and foreign currency movements of CHF 0.6 billion. These increases were partially offset by settlements of CHF 6.0 billion, comprised primarily of structured financing trades and credit- and equity-linked notes. Transfers into and out of level 3 amounted to CHF 5.9 billion and CHF 0.15.3 billion, respectively. Transfers into level 3 consisted primarily of sovereign CDS positionsequity- and interest rate-linked notes as credit curves could no longer be independently verified.

a reduction in observable volatility inputs impacted the embedded options in these structures. Transfers out of level 3 positive replacement values were comprisedconsisted primarily of CHF 0.2 billioncredit-, equity- and interest rate-linked notes and were driven in part by a reduction over time of corporate CDS positions wherethe maturity of the underlying notes such that volatility inputs became observable, and also by improved observability of credit curvesspread, equity and recovery rates could be independently verified, CHF 0.2 billion of US residential CDS positions as the reliability of independent underlying market data increased, CHF 0.2 billion ofrate volatility and equity options where volatility could be independently verified, CHF 0.2 billion of US commercial real estate CDS positions as the reliability of independent underlying market data increased and CHF 0.1 billion of structured credit bespoke CDO positions due to an increase in the correlation between the portfolio held and the representative market portfolio used to independently verify market data. Transfers out of level 3 negative replacement values were comprised primarily of CHF 0.4 billion of equity options where volatility could be independently verified, CHF 0.2 billion of US residential CDS positions as the reliability of independent underlying market data increased, CHF 0.2 billion of structured credit bespoke CDO positions due to an increase in the correlation between the portfolio held and the representative market portfolio used to independently verify market data, CHF 0.1 billion of US commercial real estate CDS positions as the reliability of independent underlying market data increased, and CHF 0.1 billion of structured rates positions where volatility could be independently verified.

Issuances of level 3 positive replacement values were CHF 3.3 billion, which included CHF 1.4 billion of structured credit bespoke CDO positions, CHF 0.7 billion of corporate CDS positions and CHF 0.6 billion of structured rates positions. Issuances of level 3 negative replacement values were CHF 1.7 billion, which included CHF 0.8 billion of structured credit bespoke CDO-positions, CHF 0.6 billion of corporate CDS positions, and CHF 0.2 billion of structured rates positions.

Settlements of level 3 positive replacement values were CHF 4.4 billion, which included CHF 1.9 billion of structured credit positions, CHF 0.6 billion of structured rates positions, CHF 0.5 billion of CLO CDS positions, CHF 0.5 billion of US-commercial real estate CDS positions, and CHF 0.4 billion of corporate CDS positions. Settlements of level 3 negative replacement values were CHF 2.2 billion, which included CHF 0.9 billion of structured credit bespoke CDO positions, CHF 0.4 billion of structured rate trades, CHF 0.2 billion of equity options, CHF 0.2 billion of corpo-dividend inputs.

 

364


Financial information

Note 2627 Fair value of financial instruments (continued)

 

 

rate CDS positions and CHF 0.1 billion of European real estate CDS positions.

Financial assets designated at fair value

Issuances of structured finance level 3 financial assets designated at fair value were approximately CHF 2.2 billion.

Financial liabilities designated at fair value

Transfers of financial liabilities designated at fair value into level 3 of CHF 1.8 billion consisted primarily of CHF 0.7 billion credit-linked notes where the underlying credit curve could no longer be independently verified, CHF 0.6 billion of equity-linked notes and CHF 0.5 billion of interest rate-linked notes as the volatility of the embedded option could not be independently verified.

Transfers of financial liabilities designated at fair value out of level 3 were CHF 3.8 billion, which included CHF 1.5 billion of interest rate-linked notes, CHF 1.5 billion of equity-linked notes where the volatility of the embedded option could be independently verified and CHF 0.5 billion of credit-linked notes as the underlying credit curve could be independently verified.

Issuances of level 3 financial liabilities designated at fair value were CHF 5.2 billion, consisting primarily of CHF 3.6 billion of credit-linked notes and CHF 1.0 billion of equity-linked notes.

Settlements of level 3 financial liabilities designated at fair-value were approximately CHF 4.8 billion, which consisted of CHF 2.1 billion of credit-linked notes, CHF 1.4 billion of equity-linked notes and CHF 1.3 billion of interest rate-linked notes.

Sensitivity information

Included in the fair value estimates of financial instruments carried at fair value on the balance sheet are thosefinancial instruments for which fair value is estimated in full or in part using

valuation techniques based on assumptions or that are not supported by market observable prices, rates, or other inputs. In addition,Consequently, there may be uncertainty about a valuation which results from the choice of valuation technique or model used, the assumptions embedded in those models, the extent to which inputs are not market observable, or as a consequence offrom other elements affecting the valuation technique or model.

To showestimate the effect whenof changing the unobservable inputs to a reasonably possible alternative assumption, UBS performed a sensitivity analysis ofon its level 3 financial instruments, classified as level 3, which are valuedmeasured using model-basedvaluation techniques, and for which significant model inputs are unobservable in the markets in which the underlying products are transacted. The fair values as of 31 December 2011 of cashthese financial instruments were adjusted by 3%zero to 20% and of derivative instruments25 percent. These adjustments

were determined by 1% to 40% as deemed adequate for the applicable product intype based on the professional judgment of management.control functions, which perform procedures to establish the reasonableness of UBS’s valuation assertions as of the balance sheet date.

Cash instruments referred to in the below table relate to long and short inventory, if applicable, offor the respective product type. For presentation purposes, of the presentation, derivative instruments willin the table below include positive and negative replacement values, as well as issued notes with embedded equityequity- or interest rateinterest-rate derivative features, which are presented on the UBSUBS’s balance sheet as financial assets or liabilities designated at fair value. For all instruments, favorable changes are increases into asset values and decreases into liability values as a consequence of applying the relevant sensitivity percentage. Unfavorable changes are decreases in asset values and increases in liability values as a consequence of applying the relevant sensitivity percentage for the respective financial instruments.

 

 

Sensitivity of level 3 financial assets and liabilities

 

As of

  31.12.11 31.12.10 

  31.12.12 31.12.11 
CHF billion  Favorable
changes
   Unfavorable
changes
 Favorable
changes
   Unfavorable
changes
   Favorable
changes
   Unfavorable
changes
 Favorable
changes
   Unfavorable
changes
 
Cash instruments              
                  
Mortgage securities   0.3     (0.3  0.3     (0.3   0.1     (0.1  0.3     (0.3
                  
Debt securities   0.2     (0.2  0.2     (0.2   0.2     (0.2  0.2     (0.2
  ��                
Equity securities   0.1     (0.1  0.0     0.0  
         
Traded loans   0.1     (0.1  0.1     (0.1   0.2     (0.2  0.1     (0.1
                  
Total cash instruments   0.6     (0.6  0.6     (0.6   0.6     (0.6  0.6     (0.6
                  
Derivative instruments              
                  
Equity derivatives   0.1     (0.1  0.4     (0.4
Equity derivatives1   0.3     (0.3  0.3     (0.3
                  
Interest rate derivatives   0.3     (0.3  0.7     (0.7   0.1     (0.1  0.3     (0.3
                  
Credit derivatives   0.5     (0.5  0.1     (0.1   0.2     (0.2  0.5     (0.5
                  
Other   0.2     (0.2  0.4     (0.4
         
Total derivative instruments   1.1     (1.1  1.6     (1.6   0.6     (0.6  1.1     (1.1
                  

1Includes UBS’s option to acquire the equity of the SNB StabFund. In 2011, this option was presented in Derivative instruments – other. The prior period was restated for this change in presentation.

365


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 2627 Fair value of financial instruments (continued)

 

 

c) Valuation techniques by product

This section includes a description of main product categories and related valuation techniques employed by the bank.UBS.

Government and corporate bonds, bills and loans

Government bonds and bills are generally actively traded with quoted prices in liquid markets. Should market prices not be available, the securities are valued against yield curves implied from similar issuances.

Corporate bonds are priced at market levels, which are based on recent trades or broker and dealer quotes. In cases where no directly comparable price is available, the bonds are tested against yields derived from other securities by the same issuer or bench-markedbenchmarked against similar securities adjusting for seniority, maturity and liquidity. For illiquid securities, credit modeling may be used, which considers the features of the security and discounts cash flowscash-flows using observable or implied credit spreads and prevailing interest rates.

Loans held at fair value are priced at market levels reflecting recent transactions or quoted dealer prices. For illiquid loans where no market price is available, alternative valuation techniques are used which may include relative value benchmarking using pricing derived from debt instruments infor comparable entities or different products in the same entity.

The corporate lending portfolio is valued using either directly observed market prices typically from consensus providers or using a credit-default-swap pricing model, which requires credit spreads, recovery and interest rate inputs.

Equity securities, hedge fund and investment fund units, convertible bonds and derivatives

The majority of the Group’s equity securities are traded on public stock exchanges where quoted prices are readily and regularly available.

Hedge funds are measured at fair value based on their published net asset values (NAV). The bank will considerUBS considers the availability of NAV from the funds or restrictions imposed upon the redemption of these funds when determining the final fair value.

Convertible bonds are mostly valued using observable pricing sources, which are generally available given the frequency of trading in the market.

Investment fund units are predominantly exchange traded, with quoted prices in liquid markets. Should market prices not be available, these instruments may be valued based on their NAV.

UBS has positions in both exchange-traded derivatives (ETD) and OTC derivatives. ETD derivatives generally have observable prices and the bankUBS considers these market prices for itswithin the fair value assessment. OTC derivatives are measured using either industry standard models or internally developed proprietary models. Inputs to these models include equity prices, equity dividend and funding rates, equity volatilities, FX rates and correlations.

Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities (RMBS), Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities (CMBS), Asset-Backed Securities (ABS) and Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDO)

Values of RMBS, CMBS, ABS and CDOCDOs are estimated by reference to traded prices and independently verified market data when available. In the absence of direct market data, values will beare derived from traded and quoted prices on one or more securities with similar characteristics or indices through benchmarking or triangulation.

Securities with plain vanilla features, but limited observable market data are valued throughusing industry standard valuation models, while those with complex structures are valued throughusing proprietary models and fundamental analysis. Key inputs to such models include management’s quantitative and qualitative assessment of current and future economic conditions, the securities’ projected performance under such conditions as well as liquidity in the market, among other factors.

Credit derivatives related to RMBS, CMBS, ABS and CDO

Credit derivatives are in the form ofinclude credit default swaps, total return swaps and balance guaranteed swaps either referencing an index, single-name securities or a basket of single-name securities. Single nameSingle-name contracts are primarily priced using reliable market data or are derived from traded and quoted securities prices on similar exposures in order to determine theirestimate fair value. More illiquid and bespoke credit derivatives are valued throughusing proprietary models and inputs to such models are derived viafrom market data and calibration to similar transactions, reference indices and securities.

Credit derivatives

Single-name, index and -indexportfolio credit default swaps, and any derivation or combination which can be classified as complex structured credit products are valued by using market available credit spreads and recovery rates from either consensus pricing services or other market participants. TheseThis data are used in industry standardis fed into industry-standard models in order to derive fair value.

Complex structured credit products are valued using proprietary models, which are calibrated to data derived from market data obtained.market-derived data. Inputs to these models include single-name credit spreads, recovery rates, implied correlations, credit volatilities, cash-synthetic basis spreads and quanto basis spreads.

RatesInterest rate swaps and forwards

OTC swap products include interest rate swaps, basis swaps, cross currency swaps, inflation swaps and interest rate forwards, often referred to as forward rate agreements (FRA). All of these products are valued by estimating future interest cash flows (both fixed and future index levels) and then discounting these cash flows using an interest rate that reflects the appropriate funding rate for that portion of the portfolio. Interest rates and

 

366


Financial information

Note 2627 Fair value of financial instruments (continued)

 

 

funding rate for that portion of the portfolio. Interest rates and future index levels used in the aboverespective calculations are generated from observing current market interest rates associated with typical OTC interest rate derivatives (swap(considering swap rates, basis swap spreads, futures prices and FRA rates) and converting these into rates specific to the portfolio using market standard yield curve models.

RatesInterest rates options

Interest rate caps and floors, swaptions and other more complex non-linear interest-rate products are valued using market standard option models. These models use inputs that include (but are not limited to) interest rate yield curves, inflation curves, interest rates volatilities, FX rate volatilities, and inflation volatilities and correlations (between different interest rates or between rates and FX or inflation). The models are calibrated so that they are able to recover market observedmarket-observed prices for standard option instruments trading within the market and the calibrated model is then used to revalue the portfolio.

FX options

OTC options on FX rates are valued using market standard option models. Inputs to these models include (but are not limited to) FX spot rates, FX forward points, FX volatilities, interest rate yield curves and correlations between FX rates and interest rates. The models are calibrated to recover market-observed prices for standard option instruments trading within the market and the calibrated model is then used to revalue the portfolio.

FX spot and forward

Open spot and settled FX positions are valued using the observed market FX spot rate. Forward FX positions are valued using the spot rate adjusted for forward pricing points observed from standard market sources.

FX options

OTC options on FX rates are valued using market standard option models. These models include inputs that include (but are not limited to) FX spot rates, FX forward points, FX volatilities, interest rate yield curves and correlations between FX rates and interest rates. The models are calibrated so that they are able to recover market observed prices for standard option instruments trading within the market and the calibrated model is then used to revalue the portfolio.

 è 

Refer to the “Risk, treasury and capital management” section of this report for more information on certain financial instruments with significant valuation uncertainty (CVA on monolines, US and non-US reference-linked notes, and the option to acquire equity of the SNB StabFund)

 

 

d) Deferred day-1 profit or loss

The table reflects the activity in deferred profit or loss attributable tofor financial instruments for which fair value is estimated using valuation models when not all significant inputs are market observable. Such financial instruments are initially recognized at their transaction price, even if the values obtained from the relevant valuation model on day 1 differ. Day 1 reserves are released and gains or losses are recorded in trading profit

recorded inNet trading income when product equivalent quotes become available or loss as either the underlying parameters become observable, or the transaction is closed out or byusing an appropriate amortization methodology. The following table shows the aggregate difference yet to be recognized in profit or lossthe income statement at the beginning and end of the period and a reconciliation of changes induring the balance (movement of deferred day-1 profit or loss).period.

 

Deferred day-1 profit or loss

Deferred day 1 profit or loss

Deferred day 1 profit or loss

  

  For the year ended   For the year ended 
CHF million  31.12.11 31.12.10   31.12.12 31.12.11 
Balance at the beginning of the year   565    599     433    565  
      
Deferred profit/(loss) on new transactions   221    282  
Deferred profit / (loss) on new transactions   424    221  
      
Recognized (profit)/loss in the income statement   (354  (260
Recognized (profit) / loss in the income statement   (367  (354
      
Foreign currency translation   1    (56   (16  1  
      
Balance at the end of the year   433    565     474    433  
      

 

OnAs of 31 December 2011,2012, deferred day-1day 1 profit or loss of approximatelyCHF 0.5 billion primarily consisted of CHF 0.2 billion related to OTC equity options (31 December 2011: CHF 0.3 billion), CHF 0.1 billion related

to credit default swaps (31 December 2010: approximately2011: CHF 0.30.1 billion) pertains largelyand CHF 0.1 billion related to structured rates positions and of approximately CHF

0.3 billioninterest rate swaps (31 December 2010: approximately2011: CHF 0.30.1 billion) to OTC equity options. Both instruments are presented as replacement values on UBS’s balance sheet..

 

 

367

405


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 2627 Fair value of financial instruments (continued)

 

 

e) Financial instruments accounted for at amortized cost

The following table reflects the estimated fair values for UBS’s instruments accounted for at amortized cost. Refer to “Note 28Note 29

Measurement categories of financial assets and financial liabilities” for an overview of financial assets classified as “loans and receivables” and financial liabilities accounted for at amortized cost.

 

 

Financial instruments accounted for at amortized cost

 

  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.12 31.12.11 
CHF billion  Carrying value   Fair value   Carrying value   Fair value   Carrying value   Fair value Carrying value   Fair value 
Assets               
                     
Cash and balances with central banks   66.4     66.4    40.6     40.6  
         
Due from banks   23.2     23.2     17.1     17.1     21.2     21.2    23.2     23.2  
            
Loans   266.6     268.2     261.3     263.4  
                     
Cash collateral on securities borrowed   58.8     58.8     62.5     62.5     37.4     37.4    58.8     58.8  
                     
Reverse repurchase agreements   213.5     213.3     142.8     142.8     130.9     131.1    213.5     213.3  
                     
Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments   41.3     41.3     38.1     38.1     30.4     30.4    41.3     41.3  
                     
Loans   279.9     282.9    266.6     268.2  
         
Accrued income, other assets   10.2     10.2     20.6     20.6     12.1     12.1    10.2     10.2  
                     
Liabilities               
                     
Due to banks   30.2     30.2     41.5     41.5     23.0     23.1    30.2     30.2  
            
Due to customers   342.4     342.4     332.3     332.5  
                     
Cash collateral on securities lent   8.1     8.1     6.7     6.7     9.2     9.2    8.1     8.1  
                     
Repurchase agreements   102.4     102.4     74.8     74.7     37.6     37.6    102.4     102.4  
                     
Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments   67.1     67.1     58.9     58.9     71.1     71.1    67.1     67.1  
                     
Due to customers   371.9     371.9    342.4     342.4  
         
Debt issued   141.6     140.6     131.6     131.4     104.9     107.8    141.6     140.6  
                     
Accrued expenses, other liabilities   47.2     47.2     49.2     49.2     45.0     45.0    47.2     47.2  
                     
Guarantees/loan commitments1        
Guarantees / Loan commitments       
                     
Guarantees   0.1     0.1     0.1     0.1  
Guarantees1   0.1     (0.1  0.1     0.1  
                     
Loan commitments   0.0     0.7     0.0     0.4  
Loan commitments2   0.0     0.3    0.0     0.7  
                     

1  FromThe carrying value of guarantees represents a liability of CHF 0.1 billion as of 31 December 2012 and 31 December 2011, onwards, only reflectsrespectively. The estimated fair value of guarantees represents an asset of CHF 0.1 billion as of 31 December 2012 and a liability of CHF 0.1 billion as of 31 December 2011.2 The carrying value of loan commitments represents a liability of CHF 0.0 billion as of 31 December 2012 and guarantees not recognized on the balance sheet, unless a provision is required. Previously, derivative31 December 2011, respectively. The estimated fair value of loan commitments represents a liability of CHF 0.3 billion as of 31 December 2012 and loan commitments accounted fora liability of CHF 0.7 billion as financial liabilities designated at fair value were also included. The prior period has been adjusted.of 31 December 2011.

Loans include Wealth Management and Retail & Corporate assets, mainly mortgage loans, where fair values exceeded related carrying values by CHF 3.8 billion as of 31 December 2012 (31 December 2011: CHF 3.4 billion,billion), and Investment BankLegacy Portfolio assets reported in Corporate Center where fair values were below related carrying values by CHF 0.6 billion as of 31 December 2012 (31 December 2011: CHF 1.5 billion.billion).

 

The fair values included in the table above were calculated for disclosure purposes only. The fair value valuation techniques and assumptions described below provide a measurement ofrelate only to fair value of UBS’s financial instruments accounted for at amortized cost. However, because otherOther institutions may use different methods and assumptions for their fair value estimation, therefore such fair value disclosures cannot necessarily be compared from one financial institution to another. UBS applies significant judgments and assumptions to arrive at these fair values, which are more holistic and less sophisticated than UBS’s established fair value and model governance policies and processes applied to financial instruments accounted for at fair value whose fair values impact UBS’s balance sheet and net profit. The following principles were applied when determining fair value estimates for financial instruments accounted for at amortized cost:

 

For financial instruments with remaining maturities greater than three months, the fair value was determined from quoted market prices, if available.

 

Where quoted market prices were not available, the fair values were estimated by discounting contractual cash flows using current market interest rates or appropriate yield curves for instruments with similar credit risk and maturity. These estimates generally include adjustments for counterparty credit or UBS’s own credit.

 

For short-term financial instruments with remaining maturities of three months or less, the carrying amount, which is net of credit loss allowances, is generally considered a reasonable estimate of fair value. The following financial instruments accounted for at amortized cost have remaining maturities of three months or less: 85%100% of cash and balances with central

Financial information

Note 27 Fair value of financial instruments (continued)

banks; 82% of amounts due from banks; 100%98% of cash collateral on securities borrowed; 94%95% of reverse repurchase agreements; 100% of cash collateral receivables on derivatives; 46%51% of loans; 93%88% of amounts due to banks; 100%93% of cash collateral on securities lent; 98%93% of repurchase agreements; 100% of cash collateral payable on derivatives; 98% of amount due to customers; and 47%21% of debt issued.

 

The fair value of variable interest-bearing financial instruments accounted for at amortized cost is assumed to be

368


Financial information

Note 26 Fair value of financial instruments (continued)

approximated by their carrying amounts, which are net of credit loss allowances, and does not reflect fair value changes in the credit

quality of counterparties or UBS’s own credit movements.

 

The fair value estimates for repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements with variable and fixed interest rates, for all maturities, include the valuation of the interest rate component of these instruments. Credit and debit valuation adjustments have not been

included in the valuation due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

 

The estimated fair values of off-balance sheet financial instruments are based on market prices for similar facilities and guarantees. Where this information is not available, fair value is estimated using discounted cash flow analysis.

 

 

Note 2728 Pledged assets and transferred financial assets which do not qualify for derecognition

 

This Note provides information about assets pledged as collateral for liabilities or contingent liabilities (Note 28a), transfers of financial assets (Note 28b and 28c), and financial assets which are received as collateral with the right to resell or re-pledge these assets (Note 28d).

a) Financial assets arepledged as collateral

The Group pledges financial assets mainly pledged in securities borrowing and lending transactions, in repurchase and reverse repurchase transactions, under collateralized credit lines with central banks, against loans from Swiss mortgage institutions, in connection with derivative transactions, as

security deposits for stock exchanges and clearinghouse memberships, or transferred for security purposesand in connection with the issuance of covered bonds.

Financial assets pledged as collateral for liabilities or contingent liabilities

 

  Carrying amount 
CHF million  31.12.12   31.12.111 
Trading portfolio assets   53,656     56,162  
           

of which: assets pledged as collateral which may be sold or repledged by counterparties

   44,698     39,936  
           
Loans   34,005     27,884  
           

of which: mortgage loans2

   33,928     27,841  
           
Total financial assets pledged as collateral3   87,661     84,047  
           

1   Comparative data has been restated due to a change in the definition of financial assets pledged as collateral. Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability, and other adjustments” for more information.2   These pledged mortgage loans serve as collateral for existing liabilities against Swiss central mortgage institutions and for existing covered bond issuances. Of these pledged mortgage loans, approximately CHF 7.5 billion for 31 December 2012 (31 December 2011: approximately CHF 5.7 billion) could be withdrawn or used for future liabilities or covered bond issuances without breaching existing collateral requirements.3   Does not include assets placed with central banks related to undrawn credit lines and for payment, clearing and settlement purposes (31 December 2012: CHF 4.8 billion, 31 December 2011: CHF 3.6 billion).

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 28 Pledged and transferred financial assets (continued)

 

Assets pledgedb) Transferred financial assets that are not derecognized in their entirety

 

 

  Carrying amount 
CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10 
Financial assets held for trading portfolio assets pledged to third parties   58,463     79,742  
           

of which: pledged to third-parties with right of rehypothecation

   39,936     61,352  
           
Financial investments available-for-sale pledged to third parties   26,022     38,106  
           
Mortgage loans   27,841     27,119  
           
Other loans and receivables   5,971     10,235  
           

of which: pledged to third parties with right of rehypothecation

   43     559  
           
Total financial assets pledged   118,296     155,202  
           

The following table presents details ofinformation for financial assets, which have been sold or otherwise transferred but which do not qualify for derecognition.

Criteria for derecognition are discussedsubject to continued recognition in “Note 1a) 5) Recognition and derecognition of financial instruments”.

full, as well as recognized liabilities associated with those transferred assets.

Transfer ofTransferred financial assets which do not qualify for derecognitionsubject to continued recognition in full

 

 

  Continued asset recognition in full –Total assets 
CHF billion  31.12.11   31.12.10 
Nature of transaction    
           
Securities lending agreements   22.9     30.9  
           
Repurchase agreements   15.6     28.6  
           
Other financial asset transfers   80.0     96.6  
           
Total   118.5     156.1  
           

CHF million

  31.12.12   31.12.111,2 
    Carrying value of
transferred assets
   

Carrying value of
associated liabilities

recognized

on-balance sheet

   Carrying value of
transferred assets
 
Trading portfolio assets transferred which may be sold or repledged by counterparties      
                

relating to repurchase agreements in exchange for cash received

   8,305     8,287     15,481  
                

relating to securities lending agreements in exchange for cash received

   15,268     14,063     12,309  
                

relating to securities lending agreements in exchange for securities received

   18,258     0     10,248  
                

relating to other financial asset transfers

   2,868     152     1,899  
                
Total financial assets transferred   44,698     22,502     39,936  
                

1 Comparative data has been restated due to a change in the definition of transferred financial assets. Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability, and other adjustments” for more information.2   The relationship between the carrying value of transferred assets and the associated liabilities as of 31 December 2011 was substantially the same as that in 2012.

 

The transactions are mostly conducted under standard agreements employed by financial market participants and are undertaken with counterparties subject to UBS’s normal credit risk control processes. The resulting credit risk exposures are controlled by daily monitoring and collateralization of the positions. TheTransactions whereby financial assets whichare transferred, but continue to be recognized are typically transferred in exchange for cash ortheir entirety on UBS’ balance sheet include securities lending and repurchase agreements as well as other financial assets. The associated liabilities can therefore be assumed to be approximately the same as the carrying amount of the transferred financial assets except for certain positions pledged with central banks.

UBS retains substantially all risks and rewards of the transferred assets in each situation of continued recognition. These may include credit risk, settlement risk, country risk and market risk.

asset transfers. Repurchase agreements and securities lending agreements are discussed in Notes 1a) 13) and 1a) 14). Repurchase and securities lending arrangements are, for the most part, conducted under standard market agreements, and are undertaken with counterparties subject to UBS’s normal credit risk control processes. Other financial asset transfers include securities transferred to collateralize derivative transactions.

Approximately half of the transferred financial assets pledgedare trading portfolio assets transferred in financial transactions as describedexchange for cash, in which case the associated recognized liability represents the amount to be repaid to counterparties. For securities lending and repurchase agreements, a haircut between 0% and 15% is generally applied to the collateral, which results in associated liabilities having a carrying

value below the carrying value of the transferred assets. The counterparties to the associated liabilities presented in the table above other than those pledged inhave full recourse to UBS.

In securities lending arrangements entered into in exchange for the receipt of other securities as collateral, neither the securities received nor the obligation to return them are recognized on UBS’s balance sheet as the risks and repurchase agreements. It also includes salesrewards of ownership are not transferred to UBS. In cases where such financial assets received are subsequently sold or re-pledged in another transaction, this is not considered to be a transfer of financial assets.

Transferred assets while concurrently entering into a total return swap with the same counterparty.other than trading portfolio assets which may be sold or repledged by counterparties were not material in 2012 and 2011.

Transferred financial assets whichthat are not subject to partialderecognition in full, but which remain on the balance sheet to the extent of the Group’s continuing involvement, were not material in 20112012 and 2010.2011.

Financial information

Note 28 Pledged and transferred financial assets (continued)

c) Transferred financial assets that are derecognized in their entirety with continuing involvement

Continuing involvement in a transferred and fully derecognized financial asset may result from contractual provisions in the transfer agreement or in a separate agreement with the counterparty or a third party entered into in connection with the transfer. Such transactions include purchased call options on transferred

financial assets, certain lending arrangements as well as interests purchased and retained upon the transfer of assets into securitization structures and special purpose entities. The table below provides information on the Group’s continuing involvement in transferred and fully derecognized financial assets.

 

 

Transferred financial assets that are derecognized in their entirety with continuing involvement

CHF million

  31.12.12 
                       

Gain/(loss) from continuing

involvement in transferred and

derecognized financial assets

 
    

Balance sheet

line item

   

Carrying amount

of continuing
involvement

   

Fair value of

continuing
involvement

   

Gain/(loss) recognized
at the date

of transfer of the
financial assets

  For the year
ended 31.12.12
   Life-to-date 
Type of continuing involvement           
                              
Purchased call option   

 

Positive

replacement values

  

  

   2,103     2,103     (1,003  526     (2,256
                              
Lending arrangements   Loans     3,342     3,271     0    61     651  
                              
Purchased and retained interests in securitization structures   
 
Trading portfolio assets /
Replacement values
  
  
   205     205     0    0     (1,701
                              
Total     5,650     5,579     (1,003  587     (3,306
                              

There are a limited number of specific transactions for which UBS has continuing involvement in derecognized financial assets, as detailed below.

Purchased call option: UBS’s option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity

In 2008 and 2009, UBS transferred assets to a fund owned and controlled by the Swiss National Bank (SNB StabFund). The price at which the SNB StabFund purchased the assets from UBS was CHF 1.0 billion below the fair value at which these assets were held by UBS. The SNB has financed the fund with a loan in the amount of 90% of the purchase price, secured by the assets of the fund. 10% of the purchase price was financed through an equity contribution by the SNB. The loan is non-recourse to UBS. The fund and loan facility terminates in eight years from inception, but the termination date may be extended to 10 or 12 years. UBS has purchased, for an amount equal to the SNB’s equity contribution, an option to acquire the fund’s equity once the loan has been fully repaid. This option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity represents a continuing involvement in the assets transferred to the fund, which is reflected in the table above. The option exercise price is USD 1 billion plus 50% of the amount by which the fund’s equity value exceeds USD 1 billion at the time of exercise. This option is carried on UBS’s balance sheet at fair value, which is also the maximum exposure to loss. In the event of a change of control of UBS, the SNB has the right, but not the obligation, to require UBS to

purchase the loan the SNB provided to the SNB StabFund at its outstanding principal amount plus accrued interest and the fund’s equity at 50% of its value at the time. If, upon the fund’s termination, the SNB incurs a loss on the loan it has made to the fund, the SNB will be entitled to receive 100 million UBS ordinary shares against payment of the par value of those shares.

è

369 Refer to the “Risk, treasury and capital management” section for more information on UBS’s option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity


Lending arrangements: loan to BlackRock fund

In 2008, UBS sold a portfolio of US RMBSs for proceeds of USD 15 billion to the RMBS Opportunities Master Fund, LP (the “RMBS fund”), a special purpose entity managed by BlackRock, Inc. The USD 15 billion proceeds were approximately in line with the fair value of the assets at the date of the transfer of the assets. The RMBS fund was capitalized with approximately USD 3.75 billion in equity raised by BlackRock from third-party investors and an eight-year amortizing USD 11.25 billion senior secured loan provided by UBS, which represents a continuing involvement in the assets transferred to the fund and is reflected in the table above. The maximum exposure to loss is equal to the carrying amount of loan to the RMBS fund.

è

Refer to the “Risk, treasury and capital management” section of this report for more information on the management of credit risk

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 28 Pledged and transferred financial assets (continued)

Purchased and retained interests in securitization structures

In securitization structures where UBS has transferred assets into a third-party special purpose entity and retained or purchased interests therein, UBS has a continuing involvement in those transferred assets. The majority of our retained securitization positions held in the trading portfolio are collateralized debt obligations, US commercial mortgage-backed securities and residential

mortgage-backed securities. As a result of losses incurred in previous years, the majority of these positions have a carrying amount of zero as of 31 December 2012. The maximum exposure to loss was CHF 0.3 billion as of 31 December 2012. Life-to-date losses presented in the table on the previous page only relate to retained interests held as of 31 December 2012.

d) Off-balance-sheet securities received

The following table presents the amounts of securities received from third parties that are not recognized on the balance sheet, but that are held as collateral, including amounts that have been sold or repledged.

Off-balance sheet securities received

CHF million  31.12.12   31.12.11 
Fair value of securities received which can be sold or repledged   400,150     551,590  
           

received as collateral under reverse repurchase, securities borrowing and lending arrangements, derivative transactions and other transactions

   398,496     550,023  
           

received in unsecured borrowings

   1,654     1,567  
           
thereof sold or repledged as collateral for liabilities or contingent liabilities1,2   284,599     365,087  
           

in connection with financing activities

   224,361     298,645  
           

to satisfy commitments under short sale transactions

   34,154     39,480  
           

in connection with derivative and other transactions

   26,084     26,962  
           

1  Comparative data has been restated due to a change in the definition of financial assets pledged as collateral. Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability, and other adjustments” for more information  2  Does not include off-balance sheet securities (31 December 2012: CHF 29.4 billion, 31 December 2011: CHF 27.4 billion) placed with central banks related to undrawn credit lines and for payment, clearing and settlement purposes for which there are no associated liabilities or contingent liabilities.

Financial information

 

Note 2829 Measurement categories of financial assets and financial liabilities

 

a) Measurement categories of financial assets and financial liabilities

 

 

The following table provides information about the carrying amounts of individual classes of financial instruments within the measurement categories of financial assets and financial liabilities as defined in IAS 39.39 Financial instruments: recognition and measurement. Only those assets and liabilities which are deemed to be financial instruments

instrumentsas defined in IAS 32 Financial instruments: presentation are included in the table below, which causes certain balances to differ from those presented on the balance sheet.

 è 

Refer to “Note 2627 Fair value of financial instruments” for more information on how fair value of financial instruments is determined

 

 

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10 
Financial assets1    
           
Held for trading    
           
Trading portfolio assets   162,821     209,873  
           

of which: pledged as collateral

   39,936     61,352  
           
Debt issued2   1,149     2,665  
           
Positive replacement values   486,584     401,146  
           
Total   650,554     613,684  
           
Fair value through profit or loss    
           
Financial assets designated at fair value   10,336     8,504  
           
Financial assets at amortized costs    
           
Cash and balances with central banks   40,638     26,939  
           
Due from banks   23,218     17,133  
           
Cash collateral on securities borrowed   58,763     62,454  
           
Reverse repurchase agreements   213,501     142,790  
           
Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments   41,322     38,071  
           
Loans   266,604     261,263  
           
Accrued income   1,464     1,404  
           
Other assets   8,757     19,175  
           
Total   654,267     569,229  
           
Available-for-sale    
           
Financial investments available-for-sale   53,174     74,768  
           
Total financial assets   1,368,331     1,266,185  
           
Financial liabilities    
           
Held for trading    
           
Trading portfolio liabilities   39,480     54,975  
           
Debt issued2   194     1,308  
           
Negative replacement values   473,400     393,762  
           
Total   513,074     450,045  
           
Fair value through profit or loss, other    
           
Financial liabilities designated at fair value   88,982     100,756  
           
Amounts due under unit-linked contracts   16,481     18,125  
           
Total   105,462     118,881  
           
Financial liabilities at amortized cost    
           
Due to banks   30,201     41,490  
           
Cash collateral on securities lent   8,136     6,651  
           
Repurchase agreements   102,429     74,796  
           
Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments   67,114     58,924  
           
Due to customers   342,409     332,301  
           
Accrued expenses   6,646     7,581  
           
Debt issued   141,572     131,628  
           
Other liabilities   40,512     41,622  
           
Total   739,019     694,993  
           
Total financial liabilities   1,357,555     1,263,918  
           

CHF million  31.12.12   31.12.11 
Financial assets1    
           
Held for trading    
           
Trading portfolio assets   143,767     162,821  
           

of which: assets pledged as collateral which may be sold or repledged by counterparties

   44,698     39,936  
           
Debt issued2   405     1,149  
           
Positive replacement values   418,029     486,584  
           
Total   562,201     650,554  
           
Fair value through profit or loss    
           
Financial assets designated at fair value   9,106     10,336  
           
Financial assets at amortized cost    
           
Cash and balances with central banks   66,383     40,638  
           
Due from banks   21,230     23,218  
           
Cash collateral on securities borrowed   37,372     58,763  
           
Reverse repurchase agreements   130,941     213,501  
           
Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments   30,413     41,322  
           
Loans   279,901     266,604  
           
Accrued income   1,514     1,464  
           
Other assets   10,545     8,757  
           
Total   578,299     654,267  
           
Available-for-sale    
           
Financial investments available-for-sale   66,383     53,174  
           
Total financial assets   1,215,989     1,368,331  
           
Financial liabilities    
           
Held for trading    
           
Trading portfolio liabilities   34,154     39,480  
           
Debt issued2   172     194  
           
Negative replacement values   395,070     473,400  
           
Total   429,396     513,074  
           
Fair value through profit or loss, other    
           
Financial liabilities designated at fair value   92,878     88,982  
           
Amounts due under unit-linked contracts   15,346     16,481  
           
Total   108,223     105,462  
           
Financial liabilities at amortized cost    
           
Due to banks   23,024     30,201  
           
Cash collateral on securities lent   9,203     8,136  
           
Repurchase agreements   37,639     102,429  
           
Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments   71,148     67,114  
           
Due to customers   371,892     342,409  
           
Accrued expenses   4,548     6,646  
           
Debt issued   104,889     141,572  
           
Other liabilities   40,473     40,512  
           
Total   662,816     739,019  
           
Total financial liabilities   1,200,435     1,357,555  
           

1 As of 31 December 2012, CHF 113 billion of Loans, CHF 0 billion of Due from banks, CHF 1 billion of Reverse repurchase agreements, CHF 29 billion of Financial investments available-for-sale and CHF 7 billion of Financial assets designated at fair value are expected to be recovered or settled after twelve months. As of 31 December 2011, CHF 118 billion of Loans, CHF 1 billion of Due from banks, CHF 1 billion of Reverse repurchase agreements, CHF 20 billion of Financial investments available-for-sale and CHF 8 billion of Financial assets designated at fair value arewere expected to be recovered or settled after twelve months.2  Represents the embedded derivative component of structured debt issued for which the fair value option has not been used.applied. The amounts shown here as positive and negative replacement values are presented within Debt issued on the balance sheet.

Financial information

370

Notes to the consolidated financial statements


Financial information

Note 2829 Measurement categories of financial assets and financial liabilities (continued)

 

 

b) ReclassifiedReclassification of financial assets

 

 

In the fourth quarter of 2008 and the first quarter of 2009, financial assets were reclassified out of held-for-trading to loans and receivables (refer to Note 1a) 10) for more information). Onwith fair values on their reclassification date these assets had fair valuesdates of CHF 26 billion and CHF 0.6 billion, respectively.respectively, were reclassified out ofTrading portfolio assets toLoans.

The reclassification of financial assets reflected UBS’s change in intent and ability to hold these financial assets for the foreseeable

future rather than for trading in the near term. The table below provides notional values,foreseeable future is interpreted to mean a period of approximately 12 months following the date of reclassification. The financial assets were reclassified using their fair values and carrying values by product category for remaining reclassified financial assets.value on the date of the reclassification, which became their new cost basis at that date.

 

 

Held-for-trading assets reclassified to loans and receivables

 

 

  31.12.11 
CHF billion  Notional value   Fair value   Carrying value  Ratio of
carrying to
notional value
 
US student loan and municipal auction rate securities   3.3     2.7     3.0    92
                    
Monoline-protected assets   1.0     0.7     0.8    84
                    
Leveraged finance   0.5     0.4     0.4    78
                    
US reference-linked notes   0.3     0.2     0.2    69
                    
Other assets   0.9     0.8     0.8    85
                    
Total (excluding CMBS interest-only strips)   5.9     4.8     5.2    88
                    
CMBS interest-only strips     0.1     0.1   
                    
Total reclassified assets   5.9     4.9     5.3   
                    

 

Held-for-trading assets reclassified to loans and receivables

       
CHF billion            31.12.11  31.12.10 
Carrying value       5.3    11.9  
                    
Fair value       4.9    12.1  
                    
Pro-forma fair value gain / (loss)       (0.4  0.2  
                    
CHF billion  31.12.12  31.12.11 
Carrying value   3.2    5.3  
          
Fair value   3.1    4.9  
          
Pro-forma fair value gain / (loss)   (0.1  (0.4
          

The following table provides notional values, fair values and carrying values by product category for the remaining reclassified financial assets.

Held-for-trading assets reclassified to loans and receivables

 

  31.12.12 
CHF billion  Notional value   Fair value   Carrying value   Ratio of
carrying to
notional. value(%)
 
US student loan and municipal auction rate securities   2.0     1.7     1.9     94  
                     
Monoline-protected assets   0.6     0.6     0.5     91  
                     
Leveraged finance   0.3     0.3     0.3     85  
                     
US reference-linked notes   0.1     0.1     0.1     73  
                     
Other assets   0.5     0.5     0.4     83  
                     
Total   3.6     3.1     3.2     90  
                     

 

In 2011,2012, the carrying valuesvalue of the remaining reclassified financial assets decreased by CHF 6.62.1 billion, mainly due to sales of assets with a carrying valueCHF 1.9 billion, of which CHF 6.90.9 billion at the timerelated to sales of the sale. RedemptionsUS student loan auction rate securities and CHF 0.3 billion related to sales of CHF 0.2 billion and the appreciation of the Swiss franc against the US dollar of CHF 0.2 billion resulted in further decreases.monoline-protected assets. The overall impact on operating profit

before tax from thesethe financial assets for the year ended 31 December 2012 was a profit of CHF 0.7 billion49 million (see table below). If the financial assets had not been reclassified, the impact on 2011 operating profit before tax for the year ended 31 December 2012 would have been a profit of approximately CHF 0.3 billion (2011: CHF 0.2 billion.billion).

 

 

Contribution of the reclassified assets to the income statement

 

  For the year ended   For the year ended 
CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.12 31.12.11 
Net interest income   381     453     116    381  
         
Credit loss (expense)/recovery   36     (63
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   (73  36  
         
Other income1   306     134     7    306  
         
Impact on operating profit before tax   723     525     49    723  
         

1  Includes net gains / (losses) on the disposal of reclassified financial assets.

371Financial information


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 2829 Measurement categories of financial assets and financial liabilities (continued)

 

 

c) Maximum exposure to credit risk and credit quality information

 

 

The table below represents the Group’s maximum exposure to credit risk by class of financial instrument and the respective collateral and other credit enhancements mitigating credit risk for these classes of financial instruments. The maximum exposure to credit risk includes the carrying amounts of financial instruments recognized on the balance sheet subject to credit risk and the notional amounts for off-balance sheet arrangements.

Where information is available, collateral is presented at fair value; for other collateral such as real estate, a best estimate of fairreasonable alternative

value is used. Credit enhancements (credit derivative contracts /guarantees)/ guarantees) are included at their notional amounts. Both are capped at the maximum exposure to credit risk for which they serve as security.

The section “Risk management and control” describes management’s view of credit risk and the related exposures. These differ in certain respects to the requirements of the accounting standard.

 

 

Maximum exposure to credit risk

 

  31.12.11   31.12.12 
      Collateral   Credit enhancements       Collateral   Credit enhancements 
CHF billion  Maximum
exposure to
credit risk
   Cash
collateral
received
   Collateralized
by securities
   Secured by
real estate
   Other
collateral
1
   Netting   Credit
derivative
contracts
   Guarantees   Maximum
exposure to
credit risk
   Cash
collateral
received
   Collateralized
by securities
   Secured by
real estate
   Other
collateral
1
   Netting   Credit
derivative
contracts
   Guarantees 
Financial assets measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet                                
                                                
Balances with central banks   38.6                   64.1                
                                                
Due from banks   23.2     0.0     2.7       0.5         0.6  
Due from banks2   21.2       2.7       0.4         0.4  
                                                
Loans2,3   266.6     11.4     53.9     148.2     16.4       0.6     2.6  
Loans3   279.9     13.1     65.9     155.8     18.3       0.9     2.5  
                                                
Cash collateral on securities borrowed   58.8       58.8               37.4       37.2            
                                                
Reverse repurchase agreements   213.5       213.5               130.9       130.9            
                                                
Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments4   41.3             28.0         30.4             17.4      
                                                
Accrued income, other assets   10.2       6.2               12.3      ��7.9            
                                                
Total financial assets measured at amortized cost   652.2     11.5     335.1     148.2     16.9     28.0     0.6     3.2     576.2     13.2     244.6     155.8     18.7     17.4     0.9     2.9  
                                                
Financial assets measured at fair value on the balance sheet                                
                                                
Positive replacement values5   486.6             428.9         418.0             376.7      
                                                
Trading portfolio assets – debt instruments6, 7   99.2                   67.4                
                                                
Financial assets designated at fair value – debt instruments   9.6       6.7       0.2       1.4    
Financial assets designated at fair value – debt instruments8   8.5       6.5       0.2       1.0    
                                                
Financial investments available-for-sale – debt instruments   52.3                
Financial investments available-for-sale – debt instruments9   65.3                
                                                
Total financial assets measured at fair value   647.7     0.0     6.7     0.0     0.2     428.9     1.4     0.0     559.2     0.0     6.5     0.0     0.2     376.7     1.0     0.0  
                                                
Total maximum exposure to credit risk reflected on the balance sheet   1,299.9     11.5     341.8     148.2     17.1     456.9     2.0     3.2     1,135.5     13.2     251.1     155.8     18.9     394.1     1.9     2.9  
                                                
Guarantees   18.8     1.5     1.9     0.2     1.5       1.8     1.9     20.0     1.5     2.0     0.3     2.0       1.4     2.5  
                                                
Loan commitments   58.2     0.3     0.4     1.1     8.8       18.1     3.0     59.8     0.2     2.1     1.7     9.2       16.9     1.5  
                                                
Forward starting transactions, reverse repurchase and securities borrowing agreements   27.6       27.6               18.8       18.8            
                                                
Total maximum exposure to credit risk not reflected on the balance sheet   104.6     1.8     29.9     1.3     10.3       19.8     5.0     98.6     1.7     22.9     1.9     11.2     0.0     18.3     4.0  
                                                
Total at the year-end   1,404.5     13.2     371.7     149.5     27.5     456.9     21.8     8.2     1,234.1     14.8     274.0     157.7     30.1     394.1     20.2     6.9  
                                                

1  Includes but not limited to life insurance contracts, inventory, accounts receivable, patents, and copyrights.2  Due from banks includes amounts held with 3rd party banks on behalf of clients. The credit risk associated to these balances may be borne by those clients.  3  Loans include a balance outstanding of USD 3.6 billion to the BlackRock fund. This loan is collateralized by a portfolio of US residential mortgage-backed securities included within “Other collateral”. Refer to the “Risk, treasury and capital management” section of this report for more information.  4  Included within cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments are margin balances due from exchanges or clearing houses. The amount shown in the netting column represents the netting with related negative replacement values in accordance with Swiss Federal Banking Law. For the purpose of this disclosure, securities collateral received was not considered.  5  The amount shown in the netting column represents the netting with related negative replacement values and cash collateral payables in accordance with Swiss Federal Banking Law. For the purpose of this disclosure, securities collateral was not considered.  6  These positions are generally managed under the market risk framework and are included in VaR. For the purpose of this disclosure, collateral and credit enhancements were not considered.  7  Does not include debt instruments held for unit-linked investment contracts and investment fund units.  8  Does not include investment fund units and investments in associates.  9  Does not include investment fund units.

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 29 Measurement categories of financial assets and financial liabilities (continued)

Maximum exposure to credit risk (continued)

 

  31.12.11 
       Collateral   Credit enhancements 
CHF billion  

Maximum
exposure

to credit
risk

   Cash
collateral
received
   Collateralized
by securities
   

Secured

by real
estate

   Other
collateral1
   Netting   Credit
derivative
contracts
   Guarantees 
Financial assets measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet                
                                         
Balances with central banks   38.6                
                                         
Due from banks2   23.2     0.0     2.7       0.5         0.6  
                                         
Loans3,4, 5   266.6     11.4     53.9     148.2     18.9       0.6     2.6  
                                         
Cash collateral on securities borrowed   58.8       58.8            
                                         
Reverse repurchase agreements   213.5       213.5            
                                         
Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments6   41.3             28.0      
                                         
Accrued income, other assets   10.2       6.2            
                                         
Total financial assets measured at amortized cost   652.2     11.5     335.1     148.2     19.3     28.0     0.6     3.2  
                                         
Financial assets measured at fair value on the balance sheet                
                                         
Positive replacement values7   486.6             428.9      
                                         
Trading portfolio assets – debt instruments8,9   99.2                
                                         
Financial assets designated at fair value – debt instruments10   9.6       6.7       0.2       1.4    
                                         
Financial investments available-for-sale – debt instruments11   52.3                
                                         
Total financial assets measured at fair value   647.7     0.0     6.7     0.0     0.2     428.9     1.4     0.0  
                                         
Total maximum exposure to credit risk reflected on the balance sheet   1,299.9     11.5     341.8     148.2     19.5     456.9     2.0     3.2  
                                         
Guarantees   18.8     1.5     1.9     0.2     1.5       1.8     1.9  
                                         
Loan commitments   58.2     0.3     0.4     1.1     8.8       18.1     3.0  
                                         
Forward starting transactions, reverse repurchase and securities borrowing agreements   27.6       27.6            
                                         
Total maximum exposure to credit risk not reflected on the balance sheet   104.6     1.8     29.9     1.3     10.3       19.8     5.0  
                                         
Total at the year-end   1,404.5     13.2     371.7     149.5     29.9     456.9     21.8     8.2  
                                         

1  Includes but not limited to life insurance contracts, inventory, accounts receivable, patents, and copyrights.  2  Due from banks includes amounts held with 3rd party banks on behalf of clients. The credit risk associated to these balances may be borne by those clients.3  Loans include a balance outstanding of USD 4.7 billion to the BlackRock fund. This loan is collateralized by a portfolio of US residential mortgage-backed securities included within “Other collateral”. Refer to the “Risk, treasury and capital management” section of this report for more information.34  Loans include monoline-protected assets which were reclassified from held-for-trading to loans and receivables in fourth quarter 2008. The remaining carrying value of these assets was CHF 0.8 billion as of 31 December 2011. The fair value of credit default swap protection after credit valuation adjustments related to these assets was CHF 0.2 billion, which is not included in the column “Credit derivative contracts”. Refer5  In 2012, we corrected the classification of certain loans which were previously classified as unsecured loans to the “Risk, treasury and capital management” sectionsecured loans. As a result, total loans secured by Other collateral were increased by CHF 2.4 billion as of this report for more information.31 December 2011.  46   Included within cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments are margin balances due from exchanges or clearing houses. The amount shown in the netting column represents the netting with related negative replacement values in accordance with Swiss Federal Banking Law.  57  The amount shown in the netting column represents the netting with related negative replacement values and cash collateral payables in accordance with Swiss Federal Banking Law. For the purpose of this disclosure, securities collateral received was not considered.  68  These positions are generally managed under the market risk framework and are included in VaR. For the purpose of this disclosure, collateral and credit enhancements were not considered.79  Does not include debt instruments held for unit-linked investment contracts and investment fund units.10  Does not include investment fund units and investments in associates.11  Does not include investment fund units.

372


Financial information

Note 28 Measurement categories of financial assets and financial liabilities (continued)

Maximum exposure to credit risk (continued)

 

  31.12.10 
       Collateral   Credit enhancements 
CHF billion  Maximum
exposure
to credit
risk
   Cash
collateral
received
   Collateralized
by securities
   Secured
by real
estate
   Other
collateral1
   Netting   Credit
derivative
contracts
   Guarantees 
Financial assets measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet                
                                         
Balances with central banks   24.5                
                                         
Due from banks   17.1       0.2       0.0         0.3  
                                         
Loans2,3   261.3     8.4     46.3     144.3     17.2       1.1     2.3  
                                         
Cash collateral on securities borrowed   62.5       62.5            
                                         
Reverse repurchase agreements   142.8       142.8            
                                         
Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments4   38.1             23.9      
                                         
Accrued income, other assets   20.6       16.9            
                                         
Total financial assets measured at amortized cost   566.7     8.4     268.7     144.3     17.3     23.9     1.1     2.5  
                                         
Financial assets measured at fair value on the balance sheet                
                                         
Positive replacement values5   401.1             338.0      
                                         
Trading portfolio assets – debt instruments6, 7   134.3                
                                         
Financial assets designated at fair value – debt instruments   7.6       3.7       0.2       1.7    
                                         
Financial investments available-for-sale – debt instruments   73.4                
                                         
Total financial assets measured at fair value   616.5     0.0     3.7     0.0     0.2     338.0     1.7     0.0  
                                         
Total maximum exposure to credit risk reflected on the balance sheet   1,183.3     8.4     272.4     144.3     17.5     361.9     2.8     2.5  
                                         
Guarantees   16.4     1.5     1.8     0.3     2.3       1.6     1.4  
                                         
Loan commitments   56.9     0.2     0.2     0.9     8.1       22.5     2.4  
                                         
Irrevocable commitments to acquire ARS   0.1                
                                         
Forward starting transactions, reverse repurchase and securities borrowing agreements   39.5       39.5            
                                         
Total maximum exposure to credit risk not reflected on the balance sheet   112.9     1.7     41.4     1.2     10.4       24.1     3.8  
                                         
Total at the year-end   1,296.1     10.1     313.8     145.5     27.9     361.9     26.9     6.4  
                                         

1  Includes but not limited to life insurance contracts, inventory, accounts receivable, patents, and copyrights.  2  Loans include a balance outstanding of USD 5.7 billion to the BlackRock fund. This loan is collateralized by a portfolio of US residential mortgage-backed securities included within “Other collateral”. Refer to the “Risk, treasury and capital management” section of this report for more information.3  Loans include monoline-protected assets which were reclassified from held-for-trading to loans and receivables in fourth quarter 2008. The remaining carrying value of these assets was CHF 5.3 billion as of 31 December 2010. The fair value of credit default swap protection after credit valuation adjustments related to these assets was CHF 0.5 billion, which is not included in the column “Credit derivative contracts”. Refer to the “Risk, treasury and capital management” section of this report for more information.  4  Included within cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments are margin balances due from exchanges or clearing houses. The amount shown in the netting column represents the netting with related negative replacement values in accordance with Swiss Federal Banking Law.5  The amount shown in the netting column represents the netting with related negative replacement values and cash collateral payables in accordance with Swiss Federal Banking Law.6  These positions are generally managed under the market risk framework and are included in VaR. For the purpose of this disclosure, collateral and credit enhancements were not considered.7  Does not include debt instruments held for unit-linked investment contracts and investment fund units.

373


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 2829 Measurement categories of financial assets and financial liabilities (continued)

 

 

Financial assets subject to credit risk by rating category

 

CHF billion  31.12.11   31.12.12 
Rating category1   0–1     2–3     4–5     6–8     9–13     defaulted     not rated    Total     0–1     2–3     4–5     6–8     9–13     defaulted     Total  
Balances with central banks   27.3     11.2     0.0     0.0          38.6     46.2     17.9     0.0           64.1  
                                          
Due from banks   0.4     16.0     3.5     3.0     0.2     0.0      23.2     0.9     14.0     4.5     1.6     0.1     0.0     21.2  
                                          
Loans   6.9     78.6     110.6     57.4     11.9     1.1      266.6     4.6     84.2     121.3     57.2     11.5     1.1     279.9  
                                          
Cash collateral on securities borrowed and reverse repurchase agreements   1.3     215.9     29.2     22.7     3.1     0.0      272.3     2.3     123.3     25.8     14.9     2.0     0.0     168.3  
                                          
Positive replacement values   11.9     400.6     53.4     17.4     2.5     0.7      486.6     13.4     348.9     44.4     9.9     1.4     0.2     418.0  
                                          
Cash collateral receivableson derivativeinstruments   7.0     25.8     3.8     4.6     0.1     0.0      41.3  
Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments   6.3     17.1     4.0     2.9     0.1     0.0     30.4  
                                          
Trading portfolio assets – debt instruments2   45.6     36.5     8.0     3.8     5.2     0.1      99.2     34.2     17.2     7.8     3.4     4.8     0.2     67.4  
                                          
Financial investments available-for-sale – debt instruments   43.3     9.0     0.0     0.0     0.0        52.3     57.7     7.6     0.0     0.0     0.0       65.3  
                                          
Other financial instruments   0.1     5.8     3.0     7.9     2.7     0.3      19.9     0.3     3.2     7.9     8.8     0.4     0.2     20.8  
                                          
Financial instruments not recognized on the balance sheet3               
Financial instruments not recognized on the balance sheet              
                                          
Guarantees   2.0     9.9     3.2     2.7     1.1        18.8     2.3     9.7     3.7     3.3     0.9     0.0     20.0  
                                          
Loan commitments   0.3     31.7     13.2     5.8     7.1     0.1      58.2     0.2     34.6     11.6     6.7     6.7     0.1     59.8  
                                          
Forward starting reverse repurchase agreements   0.1     26.1     0.6     0.4          27.1     0.0     17.4     0.6     0.5         18.6  
                                          
Forward starting securities borrowing agreements     0.5     0.0            0.5       0.2             0.2  
                                          
Total   146.2     867.6     228.5     125.7     34.0     2.4     0.0    1,404.5     168.2     695.4     231.5     109.2     28.0     1.8     1,234.1  
                                          
CHF billion  31.12.10   31.12.11 
Rating category1   0–1     2–3     4–5     6–8     9–13     defaulted     not rated4   Total     0–1     2–3     4–5     6–8     9–13     defaulted     Total  
Balances with central banks   14.6     9.8     0.0            24.5     27.3     11.2     0.0     0.0         38.6  
                                          
Due from banks   0.3     11.7     2.6     2.3     0.2     0.0      17.1     0.4     16.0     3.5     3.0     0.2     0.0     23.2  
                                          
Loans   11.8     75.6     76.2     79.8     16.2     1.6      261.3     6.9     78.6     110.6     57.4     11.9     1.1     266.6  
                                          
Cash collateral on securities borrowed and reverse repurchase agreements   59.4     112.9     23.1     8.2     1.7     0.0      205.2     1.3     215.9     29.2     22.7     3.1     0.0     272.3  
                                          
Positive replacement values   15.2     331.7     38.4     12.6     2.2     1.1      401.1     11.9     400.6     53.4     17.4     2.5     0.7     486.6  
                                          
Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments   6.2     22.6     4.5     4.5     0.3     0.0      38.1     7.0     25.8     3.8     4.6     0.1     0.0     41.3  
                                          
Trading portfolio assets – debt instruments2   52.5     59.4     10.2     5.5     6.4     0.3      134.3     45.6     36.5     8.0     3.8     5.2     0.1     99.2  
                                          
Financial investments available-for-sale – debt instruments   66.8     6.6       0.0     0.0        73.4     43.3��    9.0     0.0     0.0     0.0       52.3  
                                          
Other financial instruments   0.1     6.1     3.7     16.3     1.6     0.3      28.2     0.1     5.8     3.0     7.9     2.7     0.3     19.9  
                                          
Financial instruments not recognized on the balance sheet3               
Financial instruments not recognized on the balance sheet                 
                                          
Guarantees   0.1     7.2     4.5     3.1     1.4     0.0      16.4     2.0     9.9     3.2     2.7     1.1       18.8  
                                          
Loan commitments   0.7     32.8     10.3     4.8     8.1     0.1      56.9     0.3     31.7     13.2     5.8     7.1     0.1     58.2  
                                          
Forward starting reverse repurchase agreements               39.0    39.0     0.1     26.1     0.6     0.4         27.1  
                                          
Forward starting securities borrowing agreements               0.5    0.5       0.5             0.5  
                                          
Total   227.9     676.4     173.4     137.3     38.1     3.4     39.5    1,296.0     146.2     867.6     228.5     125.7     34.0     2.4     1,404.5  
                                          

1  Refer to the “UBS internal rating scale and mapping of external ratings” table in the “Risk, treasury and capital management” section of this report for more information on rating categories.2  Does not include debt instruments held for unit-linked investment contracts and investment fund units.3  Commitments

Financial information

Notes to acquire ARS of CHF 0.0 billion as of 31 December 2011 (31 December 2010: CHF 0.1 billion) are excluded.  4  These ratings were not available for 2010.the consolidated financial statements

374


Financial information

Note 2930 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans

 

 

During the fourth quarter of 2012, UBS adopted revisions to the International Accounting Standard 19 Employee Benefits (“IAS 19R”) retrospectively in accordance with the transitional provisions set out in IAS 19R and IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors. IAS 19R introduces changes to the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of

post-employment benefits. Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability, and other adjustments” for more information.

The following table provides information relating to pension costs for defined benefit plans and defined contribution plans. These costs are part ofPersonnel expenses.

Income statement  –  pension and other post-employment benefit plans

 

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.12 31.12.11 31.12.10 
Net periodic pension cost for defined benefit plans   534     477     742     (222  577    588  
            

of which: related to major pension plans1

   461     430     694     (116  519    542  
            

of which: Swiss plan

   (198  453    457  
   

of which: International plans

   82    66    85  
   

of which: related to post-retirement medical and life insurance plans2

   13     22     9     (102  (2  20  
            

of which: related to remaining plans

   36     25     39  
         

of which: related to accrued pension costs not yet paid3

   24     0     0  

of which: related to remaining plans and other costs3

   (3  60    25  
            
Pension cost for defined contribution plans4   254     246     246     240    254    246  
            
Total pension and other post-employment benefit plans   788     724     988  
Total pension and other post-employment benefit plans5   18    831    834  
            

1  Refer to “Note 29a30a Defined benefit pension plans” for more information.2  Refer to “Note 29b30b Post-retirement medical and life insurance plans” for more information.3  AccruedOther costs include differences between actual and estimated performance award accruals and net accrued pension costs not yet paid in relationrelated to the restructuring program communicated in 2011, included in provision for restructuring. Refer to “Note 37 Reorganizations and disposals” and “Note 21 Provisions and contingent liabilities” for more information.  4  Refer to “Note 29c30c Defined contribution plans” for more information.5  Refer to “Note 6 Personnel expenses”.

The following table provides information relating to deferred pension expenses and accruedamounts recognized in other comprehensive income for defined benefit plans.

Other comprehensive income  –  gains / (losses) on pension and other post-employment benefit liability.

These are recognized on the balance sheet withinOther assets andOther liabilities, respectively.

Deferred pension expensesplans

 

CHF million  31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.09   31.12.12 31.12.11 31.12.10 
Major pension plans1   3,300    3,174    3,053     1,053    (2,120  160  
      
Total deferred pension expenses   3,300    3,174    3,053  

of which: Swiss plan

   1,095    (1,811  117  
      

Accrued pension and post-employment benefit liability

  

CHF million  31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.09 
Major pension plans1   (224  (220  (251

of which: International plans

   (42  (309  42  
      
Post-retirement medical and life insurance plans2   (166  (158  (163   (26  (19  (36
      
Remaining plans   (16  (17  (25   (5  0    0  
      
Total accrued pension and post-employment benefit liability   (406  (395  (439
Gains / (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income, before tax   1,023    (2,141  124  
      
Tax (expense) / benefit relating to defined benefit plans recognized in other comprehensive income   (413  321    (3
   
Gains / (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income, after tax3   609    (1,820  120  
   
Cumulative amount of gains / (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income, before tax   (5,542  (6,565  (4,424
   
Cumulative tax (expense) / benefit relating to defined benefit plans recognized in other comprehensive income   736    1,149    828  
   
Cumulative gains / (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income, after tax4   (4,806  (5,415  (3,596
   

1  Refer to “Note 29a30a Defined benefit pension plans” for more information.2  Refer to “Note 29b30b Post-retirement medical and life insurance plans” for more information.3  Refer to the “Statement of comprehensive income”.4  Refer to the “Statement of changes in equity”.

The following table provides information on UBS’s liabilities with respect to pension and post-employment benefit plans. These are recognized on the balance sheet within Other liabilities. All major plans are currently in a net deficit situation.

Balance sheet  –  net defined benefit pension and post-employment liability

 

CHF million  31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
Major pension plans1   1,108     2,897     831  
                

of which: Swiss plan

   118     1,941     184  
                

of which: International plans

   990     956     647  
                
Post-retirement medical and life insurance plans2   136     219     209  
                
Remaining plans   39     18     17  
                
Total net defined benefit pension and post-employment liability3   1,284     3,135     1,056  
                

1  Refer to “Note 30a Defined benefit pension plans” for more information.2  Refer to “Note 30b Post-retirement medical and life insurance plans” for more information.3  Refer to “Note 22 Other liabilities”.

Financial information

Note 30 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans (continued)

a) Defined benefit pension plans

UBS has established various pension plans inside and outside of Switzerland.for its employees in various locations. The major plans are located in Switzerland, the UK, the US and Germany. Independent actuarial valuations for the plans in these countries are performed as required.

The overall investment policy and strategy for UBS’s defined benefit pension plans areis guided by the objective of achieving an investment return which, together with the contributions, paid, isensures that there will be sufficient assets to maintain reasonable control overpay pension benefits as they fall due while also mitigating the various funding risks of the plans. Depending onFor the country,plans with assets (i.e. funded plans), the pension fund trustees and/or UBS are responsibleinvestment strategies for the determination of the mix of asset typesplans are generally managed under local laws and target allocations. Actualregulations in each jurisdiction. The actual asset allocation is determined by a variety of current and expected economic and market conditions and in consideration of specific asset class risk in the risk profile. Within this framework, UBS ensures that the fiduciaries consider how the asset investment strategy correlates with the maturity profile of the plan liabilities and the maturity patternrespective potential impact on the funded status of the plan.

plans, including potential short term liquidity requirements. Specific asset-liability matching strategies for each pension plan are independently determined by the responsible governance body in each country. The expected long-term rates of return on planpension assets are based on long-term expected inflation, interest rates, risk premiums and targeted asset class allocations. These estimates take into consideration historical asset classinvested in a diversified portfolio of assets across geographic regions to ensure diversified returns and are determined together withto the plans’ investment and actuarial advisors.extent allowed under local pension laws.

Swiss pension plan

The Swiss pension plan covers nearly all UBS employees in Switzerland and exceeds the minimum benefit requirements under Swiss pension law. Contributions to the pension plan are paid by the employees and the employer. The Swiss pension plan allows employees a choice inwith regard to the level of annual contributions paid by the employee. Employee contributions are calculated as a percentage of contributory salary and are deducted monthly. The percentages deducted from salary depend on age and vary between 1% and 13.5% of contributory base salary and between 0% and 9% of contributory variable compensation. Depending on the age of the employee, UBS pays a contribution that ranges between 6.5% and 27.5% of contributory base salary and between 3.6% and 9% of contributory variable compensation for retirement credits. UBS also pays risk contributions which are used to finance benefits paid out in the event of death and disability, as well as to finance the old age and survivors’ bridging pensions. The benefits include retirement benefits and disability, death and survivor pensions. The pension plan provides a lifetime pension to members at the normal retirement age of 62 for 2012. From 2013 onwards, the normal retirement age is 64. Members can draw retirement benefits which areearly from the age of 58. A portion of the benefit, up to the full amount under certain conditions, can be taken as a lump sum payment at retirement. The amount of pension payable is a result of the conversion

rate applied on the accumulated balance of the individual plan participant’s pension account at the retirement date. The accumulated balance on the pension account is based on annualthe employee and employer contributions that have been made to the pension account of each individual plan participant, as a percentage of salary and accrue at anwell as the interest accrued on the accumulated balance. The interest rate thataccrued is defined annually by the Pension Foundation Board. Although the Swiss pension plan is a defined contribution plan under Swiss pension law, it is accounted for as a defined benefit plan under IAS 19Employee benefits.

Contributions19R, primarily because of the need to accrue interest on the pension accounts and the payment of lifetime pensions. The Swiss pension plan is governed by the Pension Foundation Board as required by the Swiss pension law. The responsibilities of the Pension Foundation Board are paiddefined by Swiss pension law and by the plan rules. According to Swiss pension law, a temporary limited underfunding is permitted. However, the Pension Foundation Board is required to take the necessary measures to ensure that full funding can be expected to be restored within a period up to a maximum of ten years. Under Swiss pension law, if the Swiss pension plan became significantly underfunded on a Swiss pension law basis, additional employer and employee contributions could be required. In these situations, the risk is shared between employer and employees, and the employer.employer is not legally obliged to cover more than 50% of the additional contributions required. The employeeSwiss pension plan has a technical funding ratio under Swiss pension law of 123.4% as of 31 December 2012 (as of 31 December 2011: 117.3%), and thus it is not expected that additional contributions will be required in the next year. The investment strategy of the Swiss plan is in line with Swiss pension law, including the rules and regulations relating to diversification of plan assets. The Pension Foundation Board strives for a medium- and long-term consistency and sustainability between assets and liabilities. Under IAS 19R, volatility arises in the Swiss pension plan net liability because the fair value of the plan assets is not directly correlated to movements in the value of the plan’s defined benefit obligation in the short-term.

There are calculated as a percentageongoing discussions in the Swiss parliament on possible changes to Swiss pension law. The outcome of covered salarythese discussions and the timing of any resulting changes are deducted monthly. The percentages deducted from salary depend on age and vary between 1% and 13.5% of covered base salary and 0% and 9% of covered variable compensation. The employer pays a contribution that ranges between 1% and 27.5% of covered salary. The benefits covered include retirement benefits; disability, death and survivor pensions; and employment termination benefits.

375


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 29 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans (continued)uncertain.

    

A key assumptionIn the first quarter of 2012, UBS announced certain changes to its Swiss pension plan. The main changes were a reduction in determiningconversion rate on retirement and an increase of the normal retirement age, which serve in part to offset the impact of the increased life expectancy reflected in the defined benefit obligation is life expectancy. In 2011due to the Swiss pension plan adoptedadoption of the new BVG 2010 generational mortality table replacing the BVG 2005 periodic table.in 2011. This contributed significantly to the overall increase toplan amendment reduced the defined benefit obligation relating toby CHF 730 million resulting in a gain in the Swiss pension plan. The BVG 2010 generational table takes into account longer life expectancies.

first quarter of 2012. The employer contributions expected to be made to the Swiss pension plan in 20122013 are estimated to be CHF 530480 million. The actuarial

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 30 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans (continued)

assumptions used for the Swiss pension plan are based on the local economic environment and are disclosed below. Refer also to Note 1a) 24) for a description of the accounting policy for defined benefit pension plans.

International pension plans

The international locations of UBS operate various pension plans in accordance with local regulations and practices. The locations with significant defined benefit plans of a significant nature are the UK, the US and

Germany. The UKremaining non-major plans are located mainly in Asia Pacific, Europe and the US defined benefitAmericas. As these other plans are closed to new entrants, who are covered by defined contribution plans.not significant, no further disclosure is given within this note. The amounts shown for the international plans reflect the net funded positions of the significant international plans.

UBS’s general principle is to ensure that the plans are appropriately funded under local pension regulations in each country and this is the primary driver for determining when additional contributions are required. Similar to the Swiss pension plan, volatility arises in the international pension plans’ net liability because the fair value of the plan assets are not directly correlated to movements in the value of the plans’ defined benefit obligation. The pension plans provide benefits in the event of retirement, death or disability. The level of benefits provided depends on the definedspecific rate of benefit accrual and the level of employee compensation. The plans are funded entirely by UBS. The employer contributions expected to be made to these pension plans in 20122013 are estimated to be CHF 108136 million. The funding policy for these plans is consistent with local government regulations and tax requirements.

The actuarial assumptions used infor the international plans are based on the local economic conditions.environment and are disclosed below.

è

Refer also to Note 1a) 24).

Refer also to Note 1a) 24) for a description of the accounting policy for defined benefit pension plans.

UK

The UK plan is a career average revalued earnings scheme; benefits increase automatically based on UK price inflation. Normal retirement age for the UK plan is 60. The plan is closed to new entrants, who instead can participate in a defined contribution arrangement. There is a UK Pension Trustee Board which is required under local pension laws. The responsibility for governance of the UK plan lies jointly with the Pension Trustee Board and UBS. The employer contributions to the pension fund are determined based on regular scheduled actuarial valuations. These actuarial valuations are required to be conducted on assumptions determined by the Trustees and agreed by UBS. In the event of an underfunding, UBS must agree a deficit recovery plan with the Pension Trustee Board within statutory deadlines. As the plan’s obligation is to provide guaranteed lifetime pension benefits to plan participants upon retirement, increases in life expectancy will result in an increase in the plan’s liabilities. This is particularly significant in the UK plan where inflationary increases result in higher sensitivity to changes in the life expectancy.

Based on the plan rules and due to local pension legislation there

are caps on the level of inflationary increase applied to plan benefits. The plan assets are invested in a diversified class of assets and a portion of the plan assets are invested in inflation-indexed bonds, to provide a partial hedge against inflation. If inflation increases, the plan obligation will likely increase more significantly than any change in the fair value of plan assets; this would result in an increase in the net pension plan liability.

US

There are two distinct major pension plans in the US. Normal retirement age for the US plans is 65. The plans are closed to new entrants, who instead can participate in defined contribution plans. One plan is a contribution-based plan where each participant accrues a percentage of salary in a pension account. The pension account is credited annually with interest based on a rate which is linked to the yield on a US government bond. On retirement, the plan participant can elect to receive the retirement benefit as a lump sum or a lifetime pension. The other plan provides a lifetime pension which is based on the career average earnings of each individual plan participant. There are pension plan fiduciaries for both of the major pension plans as required under local state pension laws. The fiduciaries, jointly with UBS, are responsible for the governance of the plans. Actuarial valuations are regularly completed for the plans and UBS has historically elected to make contributions to the plans to at least maintain a funded ratio of 80% as valued under local pension regulations. The annual employer contributions are equal to the present value of benefits accrued each year plus a rolling amortization of any prior underfunding. If the employer contributes more than the minimum or the plan has assets exceeding the liabilities, the excess can be used to offset minimum funding requirements.

Germany

There are two different pension plans in Germany and both are contribution-based plans. Normal retirement age for the German plans is 65. The major pension plan is funded entirely by UBS, and the contribution is based on the salary of the employee. On an annual basis the accumulated account balance of the plan participant is credited with guaranteed interest at a rate of 5%. The other plan is a deferred compensation plan. The deferred compensation plan has a guaranteed interest rate of 4% on contributions paid after 2009. The German plans are regulated under German pension law under which the responsibility to pay pension benefits when they are due is entirely the responsibility of UBS.

    The following table provides an analysis of the movement in the net asset/(liability) recognized on the balance sheet for defined benefit pension plans between the beginning to the end of the year, as well as an analysis of amounts recognized in net profit and in other comprehensive income.

 

 

Defined benefit pension plans

CHF million

  Swiss  International 
For the year ended   31.12.11    31.12.10    31.12.09    31.12.11    31.12.10    31.12.09  
Defined benefit obligation at the beginning of the year   (21,299  (21,119  (21,311  (4,053  (4,353  (3,642
                          
Service cost   (410  (384  (432  (33  (41  (41
                          
Interest cost   (569  (657  (672  (210  (237  (230
                          
Plan participant contributions   (211  (197  (195  0    0    0  
                          
Actuarial gain / (loss)   (1,452  (149  231    (259  (119  (471
                          
Benefits paid   985    1,252    1,314    145    148    153  
                          
Termination benefits   (11  (45  (54  0    0    0  
                          
Foreign currency translation   0    0    0    (4  549    (122
                          
Defined benefit obligation at the end of the year   (22,967  (21,299  (21,119  (4,414  (4,053  (4,353
                          
Fair value of plan assets at the beginning of the year   20,690    20,286    19,029    3,406    3,517    2,866  
                          
Expected return on plan assets   715    850    846    217    237    202  
                          
Actuarial gain / (loss)   (523  54    963    (94  163    266  
                          
Employer contributions   495    510    513    71    86    232  
                          
Employer contributions – termination benefits   11    45    54    0    0    0  
                          
Plan participant contributions   211    197    195    0    0    0  
                          
Benefits paid   (985  (1,252  (1,314  (145  (148  (153
                          
Foreign currency translation   0    0    0    3    (449  104  
                          
Fair value of plan assets at the end of the year   20,614    20,690    20,286    3,458    3,406    3,517  
                          
Surplus/(deficit)   (2,353  (609  (833  (956  (647  (836
                          
Unrecognized net actuarial (gains) / losses   4,916    3,028    2,996    1,470    1,183    1,475  
                          
Deferred pension expenses / (Accrued pension liability)   2,562    2,418    2,163    514    536    639  
                          
Movement in the net (liability) or asset                         
Deferred pension expenses / (Accrued pension liability) at the beginning of the year   2,418    2,163    2,123    536    639    548  
                          
Net periodic pension cost   (362  (300  (527  (99  (130  (167
                          
Employer contributions   495    510    513    71    86    232  
                          
Employer contributions – termination benefits   11    45    54    0    0    0  
                          
Foreign currency translation   0    0    0    6    (59  26  
                          
Deferred pension expenses / (Accrued pension liability)   2,562    2,418    2,163    514    536    639  
                          

376

418


Financial information

Note 2930 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans (continued)

Defined benefit pension plans

CHF million

  Swiss  International 
For the year ended   31.12.12    31.12.11    31.12.10    31.12.12    31.12.11    31.12.10  
Defined benefit obligation at the beginning of the year   22,555    20,873    20,684    4,414    4,053    4,353  
                          
Current service cost   531    435    407    33    33    41  
                          
Interest expense   462    557    643    211    210    237  
                          
Plan participant contributions   205    211    197    0    0    0  
                          
Remeasurement of defined benefit obligation   29    1,452    149    258    260    141  
                          

of which: actuarial (gains)/losses arising from changes in demographic assumptions

   0    838    (423  (27  87    28  
                          

of which: actuarial (gains)/losses arising from changes in financial assumptions

   201   614    825    269    219    95  
                          

of which: experience (gains)/losses

   9    0    (253  17    (47  18  
                          
Past service cost related to plan amendments   (730  0    0    0    0    0  
                          
Curtailments   (54  0    0    0    0    0  
                          
Benefit payments   (1,139  (985  (1,252  (164  (145  (148
                          
Termination benefits   43    11    45    0    0    0  
                          
Foreign currency translation   0    0    0    20    3    (573
                          
Defined benefit obligation at the end of the year   21,901    22,555    20,873    4,773    4,414    4,053  
                          

of which: amounts owing to active members

   10,602    12,269    11,418    713    644    792  
                          

of which: amounts owing to deferred members

   0    0    0    2,378    2,188    1,986  
                          

of which: amounts owing to retirees

   11,299    10,286    9,455    1,682    1,582    1,275  
                          
Fair value of plan assets at the beginning of the year   20,614    20,690    20,286    3,458    3,406    3,517  
                          
Return on plan assets excluding amounts included in interest income   1,124    (359  266    216    (50  184  
                          
Interest income   460    562    650    167    180    198  
                          
Employer contributions – excluding termination benefits   486    495    510    84    71    86  
                          
Employer contributions – termination benefits   43    11    45    0    0    0  
                          
Plan participant contributions   205    211    197    0    0    0  
                          
Benefit payments   (1,139  (985  (1,252  (164  (145  (148
                          
Administration expenses, taxes and premiums paid   (11  (11  (12  (5  (3  (5
                          
Foreign currency translation   0    0    0    26    (1  (427
                          
Fair value of plan assets at the end of the year   21,783    20,614    20,690    3,783    3,458    3,406  
                          
Net defined benefit asset / (liability)   (118  (1,941  (184  (990  (956  (647
                          
Movement in the net asset / (liability) recognized on the balance sheet                         
Net asset / (liability) recognized on the balance sheet at the beginning of the year   (1,941  (184  (398  (956  (647  (836
                          
Net periodic pension cost   198    (453  (457  (82  (66  (85
                          
Amounts recognized in other comprehensive income   1,095    (1,811  117    (42  (309  42  
                          
Employer contributions – excluding termination benefits   486    495    510    84    71    86  
                          
Employer contributions – termination benefits   43    11    45    0    0    0  
                          
Foreign currency translation   0    0    0    5    (5  146  
                          
Net asset / (liability) recognized on the balance sheet at the end of the year   (118  (1,941  (184  (990  (956  (647
                          
Funded and unfunded plans                         
Defined benefit obligation from funded plans   21,901    22,555    20,873    4,472    4,174    3,813  
                          
Defined benefit obligation from unfunded plans   0    0    0    301    240    240  
                          
Plan assets   21,783    20,614    20,690    3,783    3,458    3,406  
                          
Surplus / (deficit)   (118  (1,941  (184  (990  (956  (647
                          

1   During 2012, UBS revised its approach for calculating past service cost for certain members of the Swiss pension plan to consider not only age but also the initial employee contributions transferred to, or withdrawn from, the plan. This affected the distribution between past and future service costs, resulting in a current period reduction in the defined benefit obligation of CHF 841 million. This amount is offset by other remeasurement changes relating to changes in financial assumptions.

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 30 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans (continued)

 

 

Defined benefit pension plans (continued)

 

AmountsAnalysis of amounts recognized in the balance sheetnet profit

 

CHF million

  Swiss  International 
For the year ended   31.12.11    31.12.10    31.12.09    31.12.11    31.12.10    31.12.09  
                          
Deferred pension expenses   2,562    2,418    2,163    738    756    890  
                          
Accrued pension liability   0    0    0    (224  (220  (251
                          
Deferred pension expenses / (Accrued pension liability)   2,562    2,418    2,163    514    536    639  
                          
Components of net periodic pension cost                         
Service cost   410    384    432    33    41    41  
                          
Interest cost   569    657    672    210    237    230  
                          
Expected return on plan assets   (715  (850  (846  (217  (237  (202
                          
Amortization of unrecognized net (gains)/losses   87    64    215    73    89    98  
                          
Immediate recognition of net actuarial (gains) / losses in current period   0    0    0    0    0    0  
                          
Termination benefits   11    45    54    0    0    0  
                          
Limit of defined benefit asset   0    0    0    0    0    0  
                          
Net periodic pension cost   362    300    527    99    130    167  
                          
Swiss funded plan                         
CHF million  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.09  31.12.08  31.12.07     
Defined benefit obligation   (22,967  (21,299  (21,119  (21,311  (20,877 
                          
Plan assets   20,614    20,690    20,286    19,029    22,181      
Surplus / (deficit)   (2,353  (609  (833  (2,282  1,304   
                          
Experience gains / (losses) on plan liabilities   0    253    214    0    0   
                          
Experience gains / (losses) on plan assets   (523  54    963    (3,820  (250 
                          
International funded and unfunded plans                         
CHF million   31.12.11    31.12.10    31.12.09    31.12.08    31.12.07      
Defined benefit obligation from funded plans   (4,174  (3,813  (4,078  (3,402  (4,654 
                          
Defined benefit obligation from unfunded plans   (240  (240  (275  (240  (274 
                          
Plan assets from funded plans   3,458    3,406    3,517    2,866    4,579   
                          
Surplus / (deficit)   (956  (647  (836  (776  (349 
                          
Experience gains / (losses) on plan liabilities   (46  (17  (12  62    (32 
                          
Experience gains / (losses) on plan assets   (94  163    266    (1,027  (97 
                          

 

  Swiss  International 
    31.12.11    31.12.10    31.12.09    31.12.11    31.12.10    31.12.09  
Principal weighted average actuarial assumptions used (%)                         
Assumptions used to determine defined benefit obligations at the end of the year                         
Discount rate   2.3    2.8    3.3    4.8    5.4    5.7  
                          
Expected rate of salary increase   2.5    2.5    2.5    4.1    4.9    5.0  
                          
Rate of pension increase   0.0    0.3    0.5    2.1    2.3    2.5  
                          
Assumptions used to determine net periodic pension cost recognized during the year                         
Discount rate   2.8    3.3    3.3    5.4    5.7    6.0  
                          
Expected rate of return on plan assets   3.5    4.3    4.5    6.5    6.9    6.6  
                          
Expected rate of salary increase   2.5    2.5    2.5    4.9    5.0    4.5  
                          
Rate of pension increase   0.3    0.5    0.5    2.3    2.5    1.9  
                          

CHF million

  Swiss  International 
For the year ended  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10 
Current service cost   531    435    407    33    33    41  
                          
Interest expense related to defined benefit obligation   462    557    643    211    210    237  
                          
Interest income related to plan assets   (460  (562  (650  (167  (180  (198
                          
Administration expenses, taxes and premiums paid   11    11    12    5    3    5  
                          
Past service cost related to plan amendments   (730  0    0    0    0    0  
                          
Curtailments   (54  0    0    0    0    0  
                          
Termination benefits   43    11    45    0    0    0  
                          
Net periodic pension cost   (198  453    457    82    66    85  
                          

Analysis of gains / (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income

  

CHF million  Swiss  International 
For the year ended  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10 
Remeasurement of defined benefit obligation   (29  (1,452  (149  (258  (260  (141
                          
Return on plan assets excluding amounts included in interest income   1,124    (359  266    216    (50  184  
                          
Total gains / (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income   1,095    (1,811  117    (42  (309  42  
                          

377


FinancialThe following table provides information

Notes to on the consolidated financial statements

Note 29 Pensionweighted average duration of the defined benefit pension obligations and other post-employmentthe distribution of the timing of benefit plans (continued)payments.

 

Defined benefit pension plans (continued)

Plan assets (weighted average)

Actual plan asset allocation (%)

   Swiss   International 
    31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09 
Equity instruments   31     32     35     39     45     46  
                               
Debt instruments   53     54     51     46     38     35  
                               
Real estate   14     13     13     3     3     3  
                               
Other   2     1     1     12     14     16  
                               
Total   100     100     100     100     100     100  
                               
Long-term target plan asset allocation (%)            
Equity instruments   18–44     15–39     18–44     39–42     40–42     42–45  
                               
Debt instruments   46–70     44–68     41–65     43–45     38–44     37–44  
                               
Real estate   10–18     10–18     9–17     3–5     3–6     3–7  
                               
Other   0–5     0–5     0–5     10–13     11–15     11–12  
                               
Actual return on plan assets (%)   1.0     4.6     9.7     3.8     11.7     15.5  
                               
Additional details on fair value of plan assets            
UBS financial instruments and UBS bank accounts   516     258     205        
                               
UBS AG shares1   23     25     66        
                               
Derivative financial instruments, counterparty UBS   20     298     25        
                               
Other assets used by UBS   157     188     193        
                               

1 The number of UBS AG shares was 2,014,000, 1,638,000 and 4,095,850 as of 31 December 2011, 31 December 2010 and 31 December 2009, respectively.

Mortality tables and life expectancies for major plans

 

  Life expectancy at age 65 for a male member currently 
      aged 65   aged 45 
Country  Mortality table  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09 
Switzerland  BVG 2010 G1   21.1     17.9     17.9     22.8     17.9     17.9  
                                  
UK  S1NA_L CMI 2010 G, with projections2   24.3     23.0     22.8     27.3     25.9     25.7  
                                  
Germany  Dr. K. Heubeck 2005 G   19.4     19.3     19.1     22.1     22.0     21.9  
                                  
US  PPA mandated mortality table per IRC 1.430(h)(3)3   19.1     19.0     18.4     19.1     19.0     18.4  
                                  

 

  Life expectancy at age 65 for a female member currently 
      aged 65   aged 45 
Country  Mortality table  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09 
Switzerland  BVG 2010 G1   23.6     21.0     21.0     25.3     21.0     21.0  
                                  
UK  S1NA_L CMI 2010 G, with projections2   25.5     24.7     24.6     27.8     26.6     26.5  
                                  
Germany  Dr. K. Heubeck 2005 G   23.5     23.4     23.3     26.1     26.0     25.8  
                                  
US  PPA mandated mortality table per IRC 1.430(h)(3)3   21.0     20.9     20.6     21.0     20.9     20.6  
                                  

 

  Swiss   International1 
    31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
Duration of the defined benefit obligation   15.7     15.8     15.1     18.2     19.1     18.1  
                               
Maturity analysis of benefits expected to be paid            
                               
Benefits expected to be paid within 12 months   1,036     1,014     1,017     150     153     153  
                               
Benefits expected to be paid between 1 to 3 years   2,051     2,036     2,052     310     310     320  
                               
Benefits expected to be paid between 3 to 6 years   3,022     3,136     3,146     538     532     580  
                               
Benefits expected to be paid between 6 to 11 years   5,527     5,819     5,430     1,157     1,110     1,290  
                               
Benefits expected to be paid between 11 to 16 years   5,783     6,117     5,679     1,471     1,410     1,627  
                               
Benefits expected to be paid in more than 16 years   28,828     29,597     30,563     9,264     9,625     8,748  
                               

1 In 2010 and 2009For international plans the mortality table BVG 2005 was used; the mortality tables are updated every five years.2 In 2010 and 2009 the mortality table PA 2000 G, medium cohort with adjustment was used.3 In 2009 the mortality table RP 2000 with projections was used.duration is a weighted average duration.

378


Financial information

Note 2930 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans (continued)

 

 

The following tables show the principal actuarial assumptions used in calculating the defined benefit obligations.

 

  Swiss   International1 
    31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
Principal actuarial assumptions used (%)            
                             
Assumptions used to determine defined benefit obligations at the end of the year            
                             
Discount rate   1.9     2.3     2.8     4.3     4.8     5.4  
                             
Rate of salary increase   2.5     2.5     2.5     4.1     4.1     4.9  
                             
Rate of pension increase   0.0     0.0     0.3     2.1     2.1     2.3  
                             
Rate of interest credit on retirement savings   2.1     2.5     3.0        
                             

1For the international plans the actuarial assumptions are weighted average assumptions.

  

Mortality tables and life expectancies for major plans

  

 

  Life expectancy at age 65 for a male member currently 
     aged 65   aged 45 
Country 

Mortality table

  31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
Switzerland 

BVG 2010 G1

   21.2     21.1     17.9     23.0     22.8     17.9  
                                 
UK 

S1NA_L CMI 2010 G, with projections2

   24.5     24.3     23.0     27.5     27.3     25.9  
                                 
Germany 

Dr. K. Heubeck 2005 G

   19.6     19.4     19.3     22.3     22.1     22.0  
                                 
US 

PPA mandated mortality table per IRC 1.430(h)(3)

   19.2     19.1     19.0     19.2     19.1     19.0  
                                 

 

  Life expectancy at age 65 for a female member currently 
     aged 65   aged 45 
Country Mortality table  31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
Switzerland 

BVG 2010 G1

   23.7     23.6     21.0     25.4     25.3     21.0  
                                 
UK 

S1NA_L CMI 2010 G, with projections2

   25.6     25.5     24.7     27.9     27.8     26.6  
                                 
Germany 

Dr. K. Heubeck 2005 G

   23.7     23.5     23.4     26.2     26.1     26.0  
                                 
US 

PPA mandated mortality table per IRC 1.430(h)(3)

   21.0     21.0     20.9     21.0     21.0     20.9  
                                 

1 In 2010 the mortality table BVG 2005 was used; the mortality tables are updated every five years.2 In 2010 the mortality table PA 2000 G, medium cohort with adjustment was used.

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 30 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans (continued)

The following table presents a sensitivity analysis for each significant actuarial assumption showing how the defined benefit obligation would have been affected by changes in the relevant actuarial assumption that were reasonably possible at the balance sheet date. This sensitivity analysis applies to the defined benefit obligation only and not to the net defined benefit pension liability in its entirety, the measurement of which is driven by a number of factors including, in addition to the assumptions below, the fair value of plan assets.

Sensitivity analysis of significant actuarial assumptions1

 

 Swiss plan:
      increase  / (decrease)
in defined benefit
obligation
  International plans:
       increase / (decrease)
in defined benefit
obligation
 
CHF million 31.12.12  31.12.12 
Discount rate  
         

Increase by 50 basis points

  (1,438  (410
         

Decrease by 50 basis points

  1,639    470  
         
Rate of salary increase  
         

Increase by 50 basis points

  163    2  
         

Decrease by 50 basis points

  (155  (2
         
Rate of pension increase  
         

Increase by 50 basis points

  1,118    355  
         

Decrease by 50 basis points

  02   (281
         
Rate of interest credit on retirement savings  
         

Increase by 50 basis points

  304   
         

Decrease by 50 basis points

  (286 
         
Life expectancy  
         

Increase in longevity by one additional year

  613    125  
         

1 The sensitivity analyses are based on a change in one assumption while holding all other assumptions constant, so that interdependencies between the assumptions are excluded. The methodology applied is consistent to that used to determine the recognized pension liability.2 As the assumed rate of pension increase was 0% as of 31 December 2012, a downward change in assumption is not applicable.

Financial information

Note 30 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans (continued)

The following table provides information on the composition and fair value of plan assets of the Swiss pension plan and the international pension plans.

Composition and fair value of plan assets

Swiss Plan

 

 

  31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
    Fair value        Plan asset
allocation %
   Fair value   Plan asset
allocation %
   Fair value   Plan asset
allocation %
 
CHF million  Quoted in
an active
market
   Other   Total         Quoted in
an active
market
   Other         Quoted in
an active
market
   Other       
Cash and cash equivalents   602     0     602      3     436          2     122          1  
                                                   
Real estate / property                    
                                                   

Domestic

   0     2,377     2,377      11     0     2,312      11     0     2,249      11  
                                                   
Investment funds                    
                                                   

Equity

                    
                                                   

Domestic

   597     0     597      3     477          2     432          2  
                                                   

Foreign

   5,210     824     6,034      28     4,423     804      26     4,772     768      27  
                                                   

Bonds1

                    
                                                   

Domestic, AAA to BBB–

   3,492     0     3,492      16     2,543          12     1,019          5  
                                                   

Domestic, below BBB–

   0     0          0     0          0     0          0  
                                                   

Foreign, AAA to BBB–

   7,060     0     7,060      32     8,385          41     10,197          49  
                                                   

Foreign, below BBB–

   615     0     615      3     0          0     0          0  
                                                   

Real estate

                    
                                                   

Foreign

   0     138     138      1     133     158      1     141     134      1  
                                                   

Other

   593     259     853      4     649     274      4     521     313      4  
                                                   
Other investments   0     16     16      0     0     20      0     0     20      0  
                                                   
Total   18,169     3,614     21,783      100     17,047     3,567      100     17,205     3,485      100  
                                                   
       31.12.12          31.12.11          31.12.10     
                                                   
Total fair value of plan assets       21,783          20,614          20,690     
                                                   
of which:                    
                                                   

UBS debt instruments and bank accounts at UBS

       611          516          258     
                                                   

UBS shares

       32          23          25     
                                                   

Property occupied by UBS

       158          157          188     
                                                   

Derivative financial instruments, counterparty UBS

       83          20          298     
                                                   

1 The bond credit ratings are primarily based on Standard and Poor’s credit ratings. Ratings AAA to BBB– and below BBB– represent investment grade and non-investment grade ratings, respectively. In cases where credit ratings from other rating agencies were used, these were converted to the equivalent rating in the Standard & Poor’s rating classification.

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 30 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans (continued)

Composition and fair value of plan assets (continued)

International Plans                                                  

 

  31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
    Fair value        Weighted
average
plan asset
allocation %
   Fair value   Weighted
average
plan asset
allocation %
   Fair value   Weighted
average
plan asset
allocation %
 
CHF million  Quoted in
an active
market
   Other   Total        Quoted in
an active
market
   Other        Quoted in
an active
market
   Other      
Cash and cash equivalents   95     0     95     3     83     0     2     27     0     1  
                                                   
Bonds1                    
                                                   

Domestic, AAA to BBB–

   121     0     121     3     118     0     3     129     0     4  
                                                   

Domestic, below BBB–

   121     0     121     3     118       3     72     0     2  
                                                   

Foreign, AAA to BBB–

   19     0     19     1     17     0     1     7     0     0  
                                                   

Foreign, below BBB–

   23     0     23     1     21     0     1     14     0     0  
                                                   
Private equity   0     0     0     0     0     0     0     0     3     0  
                                                   
Investment funds                    
         ��                                         

Equity

                    
                                                   

Domestic

   624     4     628     16     543     3     16     708     3     21  
                                                   

Foreign

   874     0     874     23     771     0     22     814     0     24  
                                                   

Bonds1

                    
                                                   

Domestic, AAA to BBB–

   1,082     0     1,082     29     1,152     0     33     964     0     28  
                                                   

Domestic, below BBB–

   219     0     219     6     62     0     2     58     0     2  
                                                   

Foreign, AAA to BBB–

   125     0     125     3     201     0     6     140     0     4  
                                                   

Foreign, below BBB–

   132     0     132     4     59     0     2     99     0     3  
                                                   

Real estate

                    
                                                   

Domestic

   0     95     95     3     0     93     3     0     92     3  
                                                   

Foreign

   0     0     0     0     0     0     0     0     0     0  
                                                   

Other

   61     163     223     6     31     163     6     34     215     7  
                                                   
Insurance contracts   0     15     15     0     0     14     0     0     14     0  
                                                   
Other investments   8     4     11     0     10     0     0     14     0     0  
                                                   
Total   3,503     280     3,783     100     3,185     273     100     3,079     327     100  
                                                   
Total fair value of plan assets       3,783         3,458         3,046    
                                                   

1 The bond credit ratings are primarily based on Standard and Poor’s credit ratings. Ratings AAA to BBB– and below BBB– represent investment grade and non-investment grade ratings, respectively. In cases where credit ratings from other rating agencies were used, these were converted to the equivalent rating in the Standard & Poor’s rating classification.

b) Post-retirement medical and life insurance plans

 

 

In the US and the UK, UBS offers retiree medical benefits that contribute to the health care coverage of certain employees and their beneficiaries after retirement. The UK medical plan is closed to new entrants. In the US, in addition to retiree medical benefits, UBS in the US also provides retiree life insurance benefits to certain employees. The post-retirement medical benefits in the UK and the US cover all types of medical expenses including, but not limited to, cost of doctor visits, hospitalization, surgery and pharmaceuticals. The retirees contribute to the cost of the post-retirement

medical benefits. These plans are not pre-funded plans; cost are incurred as amounts are paid.

In the second quarter of 2012, UBS announced changes to the retiree medical and life insurance benefit plans in the US. This change reduced the defined benefit obligation for these plans amounts toby CHF 219116 million as of 31 December 2011 (31 December 2010: CHF 209 million; 31 December 2009: CHF 186 million). There are no retained plan assets for these plans. The total accrued post-retirement cost amounts to CHF 166 million as of 31 December 2011

(31 December 2010: CHF 158 million; 31 December 2009: CHF 163 million). The periodic post-retirement costs forwith a corresponding gain recognized in the years ended 31 December 2011, 31 December 2010 and 31 December 2009 were CHF 13 million (net of a curtailment gain of CHF 9 million), CHF 22 million and CHF 9 million (net of a curtailment gain of CHF 8 million), respectively.income statement.

The employer contributions expected to be made to the post-retirement medical and life insurance plans in 20122013 are estimated at CHF 7 million.

 

 

424


Financial information

Note 30 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans (continued)

Pension and other post-employment benefit plans

The following table provides an analysis of the net asset / (liability) recognized on the balance sheet for post-retirement medical and life insurance plans between the beginning to the end of the year, as well as an analysis of amounts recognized in net profit and in other comprehensive income.

Post-retirement medical and life insurance plans

 

CHF million  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.09         
Post-retirement benefit obligation at the beginning of the year   (209  (186  (159  
                      
Service cost   01   (9  (7  
                      
Interest cost   (11  (11  (10  
                      
Plan participant contributions   (2  (2  (2  
                      
Actuarial gain / (loss)   (17  (35  (31  
                      
Benefits paid   9    10    10    
                      
Curtailments   13    0    9    
                      
Foreign currency translation   (2  24    4    
                      
Post-retirement benefit obligation at the end of the year   (219  (209  (186  
                      
Fair value of plan assets at the beginning of the year   0    0    0    
                      
Employer contributions   7    8    8    
                      
Plan participant contributions   2    2    2    
                      
Benefits paid   (9  (10  (10  
                      
Fair value of plan assets at the end of the year   0    0    0    
                      
CHF million  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.09  31.12.08  31.12.07 
Defined benefit obligation   (219  (209  (186  (159  (190
                      
Plan assets   0    0    0    0    0  
                      
Surplus / (deficit)   (219  (209  (186  (159  (190
                      
Experience gains / (losses) on plan liabilities   0    6    8    3    8  
                      
CHF million               
For the year ended  31.12.12    31.12.11    31.12.10  
Defined benefit obligation at the beginning of the year   219      209      186   
                
Current service cost               
                
Interest expense        11      11   
                
Plan participant contributions               
                
Remeasurement of defined benefit obligation   26      19      36   
                

of which: actuarial (gains)/losses arising from changes in demographic assumptions

               
                

of which: actuarial (gains)/losses arising from changes in financial assumptions

   10      19      21   
                

of which: experience (gains)/losses

   16             
                
Past service cost related to plan amendments   (9)     (9)       
                
Curtailments   (108)     (13)       
                
Benefit payments1   (9)     (9)     (10)  
                
Foreign currency translation   (1)          (25)  
                
Defined benefit obligation at the end of the year   136      219      209   
                

of which: amounts owing to active members

   27      122      112   
                

of which: amounts owing to deferred members

               
                

of which: amounts owing to retirees

   109      97      97   
                
Fair value of plan assets at the end of the year               
                
Net defined benefit asset / (liability)   (136)     (219)     (209)  
                
Analysis of amounts recognized in net profit      
                
Current service cost               
                
Interest expense related to defined benefit obligation        11      11   
                
Past service cost related to plan amendments   (9)     (9)       
                
Curtailments   (108)     (13)       
                
Net periodic cost   (102)     (2)     20   
                
Analysis of gains / (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income      
                
Remeasurement of defined benefit obligation   (26)     (19)     (36)  
                
Total gains / (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income   (26)     (19)     (36)  
                

11 Current service cost of CHF 9 million in 2011 was offsetBenefits payments are funded by aemployer contribution and plan amendment which resulted in a negative past service cost of CHF 9 million.participant contributions.

 

The post-retirement benefit expenseobligation is determined by using the assumed average health care cost trend rate. The rate for 2012 is assumed to be 8% and is assumed to decrease gradually to 5% by 2023. On a country-by-country basis, the same discount rate is used for the calculation of the post-retirement benefit obligation from medical and life insurance plans as for the defined benefit obligations arising from pension plans.

AssumedThe discount rate and the assumed average health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for health care plans. A one percentage point changeare presented in the assumed health care cost trend rates would changefollowing table. The calculation of the US post-retirement benefit obligation and the total service and interest cost components of the periodic post-retirementalso uses life expectancy rates, as disclosed in “Note 30a Defined benefit costs as follows:pension plans” above.

 

 

 

CHF million  1% increase   1% decrease 
Effect on total service and interest cost   4     (3
           
Effect on the post-retirement benefit obligation   38     (30
           
Principal weighted average actuarial assumptions used (%)1               
Assumptions used to determine defined benefit obligations at the end of the year               
CHF million               
For the year ended  31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
Discount rate   4.1     5.0     5.5  
                
Average health care cost trend rate – initial   7.6     7.9     8.1  
                
Average health care cost trend rate – ultimate   5.0     5.0     5.0  
                

1The assumptions for life expectancies are provided within “Note 30a Defined benefit pension plans”.

 

379

425


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 2930 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans (continued)

 

 

The following table presents a sensitivity analysis for each significant actuarial assumption showing how the defined benefit obligation would have been affected by changes in the relevant actuarial assumption that were reasonably possible at the balance sheet date.

Sensitivity analysis of significant actuarial assumptions1

CHF million

Increase / (decrease) in
defined benefit obligation

31.12.12

Discount rate
Increase by 50 basis points(8
Decrease by 50 basis points9
Average health care cost trend rate
Increase by 100 basis points12
Decrease by 100 basis points(10
Life expectancy
Increase in longevity by one additional year9

1The sensitivity analyses are based on a change in one assumption while holding all other assumptions constant, so that interdependencies between the assumptions are excluded. The methodology applied is consistent to that used to determine the recognized post-retirement benefit liability.

c) Defined contribution plans

 

 

UBS also sponsors a number of defined contribution plans in its international locations. The locations with significant defined contribution plans of a significant nature are the UK and the US. Certain plans permit employees to make contributions and earn matching or other contributions from

contributions from UBS. The employer contributions to these plans are recognized as an expense which, for the years ended 31 December 2012, 31 December 2011 and 31 December 2010, and 31 December 2009 wereamounted to CHF 254240 million, CHF 246254 million and CHF 246 million, respectively.

 

 

d) Related party disclosure

 

 

UBS is the principal bank for the pension fund of UBS in Switzerland. In this function, UBS is engaged to execute most of the pension fund’s banking activities. These activities can include, but are not limited to, trading and securities lending and borrowing. All transactions have been executed onunder arm’s length conditions.

The international UBS pension funds do not have a similar banking relationship with UBS, but they may hold and trade UBS AG shares and / or securities.UBS.

In 2008, UBS sold certain bank-occupied properties to the Swiss pension fund. Simultaneously, UBS and the Swiss pension fund entered

into lease-back arrangements for some of the

properties with 25-year lease terms and two renewal options for ten years each. During 2009, UBS renegotiated one of the lease contracts which reduced UBS’s remaining lease commitment.

As of 31 December 2011,2012, the minimum commitment towards the Swiss pension fund under the related leases is approximately CHF 1611 million (31 December 2010:2011: CHF 2116 million).

The following amounts have been received or paid by UBS from and to the pension funds in respect of these banking activities and arrangements:

 

 

Related party disclosure

 

  For the year ended   For the year ended 
CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
Received by UBS            
                  
Fees   24     21     34     31     24     21  
                  
Paid by UBS            
                  
Rent   10     11     12     9     10     11  
                  
Interest   3     3     2     1     3     3  
                  

426


Financial information

Note 30 Pension and other post-employment benefit plans (continued)

The transaction volumes in UBS AG shares and other UBS securities are as follows:

Transaction volumes – related parties

 

 

  For the year ended 
    31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09 
Financial instruments bought by pension funds      
                
UBS AG shares (in thousands of shares)   2,713     2,684     3,869  
                
UBS financial instruments (nominal values in CHF million)   7     40     35  
                
Financial instruments sold by pension funds or matured      
                
UBS AG shares (in thousands of shares)   2,374     4,735     4,116  
                
UBS financial instruments (nominal values in CHF million)   18     10     14  
                

 

  For the year ended 
    31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
Financial instruments bought by pension funds      
                
UBS shares (in thousands of shares)   2,926     2,713     2,684  
                
UBS debt instruments (par values in CHF million)   10     7     40  
                
Financial instruments sold by pension funds or matured      
                
UBS shares (in thousands of shares)   3,645     2,374     4,735  
                
UBS debt instruments (par values in CHF million)   81     18     10  
                

 

Details of the fair value of the plan assets of the defined pension plans are disclosed in “Note 29a30a Defined benefit pension plans”. Furthermore,In addition, UBS defined contribution pension funds hold 17,628,845held 16,690,174 UBS AG shares with a marketfair value of CHF 196 240

million as of 31 December 2011

(2012 (31 December 2011: 17,628,845 UBS shares with a fair value of CHF 196 million; 31 December 2010: 17,665,621 UBS AG shares with a marketfair value of CHF 272 million; 31 December 2009: 17,259,203 UBS AG shares with a market value of CHF 278 million).

 

 

380

427


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

 

Note 3031 Equity participation and other compensation plans

 

a) Plans offered

 

 

UBS operates several equity participation and other compensation plans to further align the interests of executives, managers and staff with the interests of shareholders. Some plans (e.g. Equity Plus and EOP) are offeredgranted to eligible employees in approximately 50 countries and are designed to meet the legal, tax and regulatory requirements of each country in which they are offered. SomeCertain plans are used in specific countries, business areas (e.g. awards granted towithin Wealth Management Americas financial advisors)Americas), or onlyare offered to members of the Group Executive Board (GEB) (e.g. PEP). UBS’sonly. UBS operates compensation plans areon a mandatory, discretionary or voluntary.and voluntary basis. The explanations below provide a general description of the terms of the most significant plans operated for 2011which relate to the performance 2012 year (granted in 2013) and those from prior years that are partly expensed in 2011.2012. Refer to Note 1a) 25) for a description of the accounting policy related to equity participation and other compensation plans.

Mandatory share-based compensation plans

Equity Ownership Plan (EOP): Selected employees receive a portion of their annual performance-related compensation above a certain threshold in the form of an EOP award of UBS shares, notional UBS shares or UBS performance shares (i.e. notional shares which are subject to performance conditions). Since 2011 (for the performance year 2010), performance shares have been granted to EOP participants who are risk-takers, Group Managing Directors or employees whose incentive exceeds a certain threshold. TheseIn respect of an award granted in 2011 and 2012, these performance shares will only vest in full if certain performance targets are met, i.e. if the participant’s business division is profitable (for Corporate Center participants, the Group as a whole needs to be profitable) in the financial year preceding scheduled vesting.the relevant vesting date. Adjustments to reported profitability may be made based on considerations relating to risk, quality and reliability of earnings, as well as achievement of specific targets. To align their compensation withFor performance shares granted in respect of the performance ofyear 2012, the funds that they manage, the majority of Global Asset Management employees receive their EOP awards in the form of cash but the amount dependsperformance conditions are based on the value ofGroup return on tangible equity and the relevant underlying Global Asset Management funds atdivisional return on attributed equity. Replacement awards (including sign-on payments) can be offered in deferred cash under the time of vesting (Alternative Investment Vehicles, or AIVs). EOP plan rules.

Awards of UBS shares allow for voting and dividend rights during the vesting period, whereas notional and performance shares represent a promise to receive UBS shares at vesting and do not allow for voting rights or dividends during the vesting period. Awards granted in the form of UBS shares, notional UBS shares and performance shares are settled by delivering UBS shares at vesting, except in countries where this is not permitted for legal reasons. Awards granted in the form of AIVs are settled in cash. The majority of EOP awards continue to be granted in UBS shares, notional UBS shares, or performance shares. EOP awardsuntil 2012 generally vest in three equal increments over a three-year vesting period.period and awards granted since March 2013 generally vest in equal increments in years two and three. The awards are generally forfeitable upon, among

other circumstances, voluntary termination of employment with UBS. Compensation expense is recognized in the performance year if the employee meets the retirement eligibility requirements at the date of grant. Otherwise, compensation expense is recognized from the grant date to the earlier of the vesting date or the retirement eligibility date of the employee, on a tiered basis.

Senior Executive Equity Ownership Plan (SEEOP): GEB members receive a portion of their mandatory deferral in UBS shares or notional shares, which vest in one-fifth increments over a five-year vesting period and are forfeitable if certain conditions are not met. Awards granted since 2011 are subject to the same performance conditions as performance shares granted under the EOP, i.e. they will only vest in full if the participant’s business division is profitable (for Corporate Center participants, the Group as a whole must be profitable) in the financial year preceding scheduled vesting. During 2010 UBS only granted SEEOP awards to certain senior executives to whom it had a contractual commitment. Awards granted under SEEOP are settled by delivering UBS shares at vesting. Compensation expense is recognized on the same basis as for share settledshare-settled EOP awards. No SEEOP awards are granted for the performance year 2012.

Incentive Performance Plan (IPP): In 2010, GEB members and certain other senior employees received part of their annual incentive in the form of performance shares granted under the IPP. Each performance share granted is a contingent right to receive between one and three UBS shares at vesting, depending on the achievement of share price targets. The IPP awards vest after five years in 2015 and are subject to continued employment with UBS. Compensation expense is recognized on a tiered basis from the grant date to the earliest of the vesting date or the retirement eligibility date of the employee. IPP was a forward looking one-time plan granted in 2010 only.

Performance Equity Plan (PEP): In 2011 andFrom 2010 to 2012, GEB members received part of their annual incentive in the form of performance shares granted under the PEP. Each performance share is a contingent right to receive between zero and two UBS shares at vesting, depending on the achievement of Economic Profit (EP) and Total Shareholder Return (TSR) targets. PEP awards vest after three years. EP is a risk-adjusted profit measure that takes into account the cost of risk capital. TSR measures the total return to UBS shareholders (in the form of share price appreciation and dividends) as compared to the constituents of a banking index. Vesting is subject to continued employment with UBS. Compensation expense is recognized on a tiered basis from the grant date to the earliest of the vesting date or the retirement eligibility date of the employee. No PEP awards are granted for the performance year 2012.

2012 Special Plan Award Program for the Investment Bank (SPAP): In April 2012, certain Managing Directors and Group Managing Directors of the Investment Bank were granted an award of UBS shares which will vest three years after grant. Vesting is subject to performance conditions, continued employment with the firm and certain other conditions. The vesting of Special

428


Financial information

Note 31 Equity participation and other compensation plans (continued)

Plan awards is subject to performance conditions based on the level of reduction in risk-weighted assets achieved and the average return on risk-weighted assets in the Investment Bank for 2012, 2013 and 2014. Compensation expense is recognized from the grant date to the earlier of the vesting date or the retirement eligibility date of the employee.

Mandatory deferred cash compensation plans

Global Asset Management Equity Ownership Plan: To align their compensation with the performance of the funds that they manage, with effect from 2012, all Global Asset Management employees who receive EOP awards do so in the form of deferred cash, the amount of which depends on the value of the relevant underlying Global Asset Management funds at the time of vesting. In prior years certain Global Asset Management employees received EOP awards in a combination of shares and deferred cash, the amount of which depends on the value of the underlying Global Asset Management funds at the time of vesting.

Conditional Variable Compensation Plan (CVCP): In 2009, certain employees received part of their incentive in the form of a mandatory deferred cash award that vests in increments over a three-year vesting period subject to performance conditions. The award consists of a contingent right to receive cash payments at vesting. The awards are forfeitable upon voluntary termination of employment. Compensation expense is recognized over the individual performance periods. Compensation expense isperiods and accelerated to the retirement eligibilityretirement-eligibility date for those employees who are, or become, retirement eligible during the service period. CVCP was a one-time plan granted in 2009.

381


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 30 Equity participation The last tranche of CVCP vested and other compensation plans (continued)was distributed in 2012.

Cash Balance Plan (CBP): In 2011 andFrom 2010 to 2012, Group Executive Board (GEB) members received part of their annual incentive in the form of a mandatory deferred cash award. CBP awards are paid out in two equal installments during the two years following the year of grant, subject to certain performance conditions. Awards granted sincein 2011 and 2012 (for performance year 2010)years 2010 and 2011, respectively) are subject to a Group return on equity performance conditions, whereas awards granted in 2010 (for performance year 2009) are subject to profitability hurdles. After a GEB member has left the firm, the deferred portion of the CBP award continues to be at risk of forfeiture and awardsforfeiture. Awards granted under the CBP from 2011 onwards are forfeited if a GEB member voluntarily terminates his or her employment and joins another financial services organization. Compensation expense is recognized in the performance year, which is generally the financial year prior to the grant date. No CBP awards are granted for the performance year 2012.

Deferred Cash Plan (DCP): In 2011, DCP awards were granted to Investment Bank employees whose total compensation exceeded a certain threshold (CHF 1 million).threshold. DCP awards vest in one-third increments over a three-year vesting period following the grant date. The awards are forfeitable upon voluntary termination of employment. Compensation expense is recognized ratably over the vesting period. DCP was a one-time plan granted in 2011.

Long-Term Deferred Retention Senior Incentive Scheme (LTDRSIS): Awards granted under the LTDRSIS are granted to employees in Australia only and represent a profit share amount based on the profitability of the Australian business. Awards vest and are paid in equal installments over three years and include an arrangement which allows for unpaid installments to be reduced if the business has a loss during the calendar year preceding vesting. The awards are generally forfeitable upon voluntary termination of employment with UBS. Compensation expense is recognized in the performance year if the employee meets the retirement eligibility requirements at the date of the grant. Otherwise, compensation expense is recognized ratably from the grant date to the earlier of the vesting date or the retirement eligibility date of the employee.

Deferred Contingent Capital Plan (DCCP): For the performance year 2012, employees whose total compensation exceeds a certain threshold mandatorily receive part of their annual incentive in the form of notional bonds, which are a right to receive a cash payment at vesting. DCCP awards vest in full five years from grant and are forfeited if either the phase-in Basel III Common Equity Tier 1 Ratio of the Group falls below 7%, if the FINMA determines that the DCCP awards need to be written down to prevent the insolvency, bankruptcy or failure of UBS AG, or if UBS AG has received a commitment of extraordinary support from the public sector that is necessary to prevent the insolvency, bankruptcy or failure of UBS AG. Furthermore, the awards are generally forfeitable upon, among other circumstances, voluntary termination of employment with UBS. Participants receive annual interest payments. Compensation expense is recognized in the performance year if the employee meets the retirement eligibility requirements at the date of grant. Otherwise, compensation expense is recognized from the grant date to the earlier of the vesting date or the retirement eligibility date of the employee.

Wealth Management Americas financial advisor compensation

Financial advisor compensation – cash payments consist primarily of a formula-based compensation plan, which fluctuates in proportion to the level of business activity.

UBS entersalso may enter into compensation arrangements with certain financial advisors primarily as a recruitment incentive and to incentivize financial advisors to achieve certainspecified revenue production and other performance thresholds. The compensation is earned and paid to the employee during a period of continued employment and may be forfeited under certain circumstances. In certain cases, UBS makesgrants loans to financial advisors in connection with these compensation arrangements.

    GrowthPlus is a program for selected financial advisors who were hired before 1 January 2005whose revenue production and whose productionlength of service exceeds defined thresholds from

2009 2010 through 2012.2017. Compensation arrangements were granted in 2010 and 2011 with potential arrangements to be

429


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 31 Equity participation and other compensation plans (continued)

granted in 2015 and 2018. Expense is recognizedThe awards vest ratably over seven years from grant with the exception of the 2018 commitment, which will be expensedvests over five years commencing upon grant. In certain cases, UBS makes loans to financial advisors in connection with this program.years.

PartnerPlus is a mandatory deferred cash compensation plan for selected employees. Awards (UBS contributions) are based on a predefined formula during the performance year. Participants are also allowed to voluntarily contribute additional amounts earned during the year, up to a percentage of UBS’s contributions.contribution. Awards and voluntary contributions earn an above-market rate of interest during the initial four-year period and a market rate of interest thereafter. Voluntary contributions can earn an above-market rate of interest during the initial four-year period and a market rate of interest thereafter, or alternatively benchmarked to various mutual funds. The awards vest in 20% increments six to ten years followingafter the grant date. Awards and interest earned on both UBS and voluntary contributions are forfeitable under certain circumstances. Compensation expense for awards is recognized in the performance year if the employee meets the retirement eligibility requirements at the date of grant. Otherwise, compensation expense isexpenses for awards are recognized ratably commencing in the performance year to the earlier of the vesting date or the retirement eligibility date of the employee. Compensation expenses for voluntary contributions are recognized in the year of deferral.

Discretionary share-based compensation plans

Key Employee Stock Appreciation Rights Plan (KESAP) and Key Employee Stock Option Plan (KESOP): Until 2009, key and high potential employees were granted discretionary share-settled Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs) or UBS options with a strike price not less than the fair market value of a UBS share on the date the SAR or option was granted. A SAR gives employees the right to receive a number of UBS shares equal to the value of any appreciation in the market price of a UBS share between the grant date and the exercise date. One option gives the right to acquire one registered UBS share at the option’s strike price. SARs and options are settled by delivering UBS shares, except in countries where this is not permitted for legal reasons. These awards are generally forfeitable upon termination of employment with UBS.

Compensation expense is recognized on a tiered basis from the grant date to the earlier of the vesting date or the retirement eligibility date of the employee. No KESAPOptions or KESOPSARs awards werehave been granted in 2011 and 2010.since 2009.

Voluntary share-based compensation plans

Equity Plus Plan (Equity Plus): Equity Plus is a voluntary plan that provides eligible employees with the opportunity to purchase UBS shares at market value and receive, at no additional cost, one free notional UBS share for every three shares purchased, up to a maximum annual limit. Share purchases may be made annually from bonus compensation and/the performance award and / or quarterlymonthly through regular deduc-

382


Financial information

Note 30 Equity participation and other compensation plans (continued)

tionsdeductions from salary. Shares purchased under Equity Plus are restricted from sale for a maximum of three years from the time of purchase. Equity Plus awards vest after up to three years. Prior to 2010, instead of notional shares participants received two UBS options for each share they purchased under this plan. The options had a strike price equal to the fair market value of a UBS share on the grant date, a two-year vesting period and generally expired ten years from the grant date. The options are forfeitable in certain circumstances and are settled by delivering UBS shares, except in countries where this is not permitted for legal reasons. Compensation expense for the Equity Plus plan is recognized from the grant date to the earliest of the vesting date or the retirement eligibility date of the employee.

Share delivery obligations

UBS satisfies share delivery obligations under its share-based plans either by purchasing UBS shares in the market or through the issuance of new shares. As of 31 December 2011,2012, UBS was holdingheld approximately 7774 million shares in treasury (31 December 2011: approximately 77 million shares) and approximately 145 million (31 December 2011: 149 million shares) unissued shares (out of 150 million approved in 2006) in conditional share capital, whichcapital. These treasury shares and unissued shares are available and can be used to satisfy the exercising of options and SAR awards by employees. The shares available cover all vested and in-the-money (i.e. exercisable) employee options SARs and notional shares.SARs.

 

430


Financial information

Note 31 Equity participation and other compensation plans (continued)

 

b) Effect on income statement

 

 

Effect on the income statement for the financial year and future periods

The following table summarizes the compensation expenses recognized for the year ended 31 December 20112012 and thedeferred compensation expenses that will be recognized as an expense in

the income statements for 2012

2013 and later. The deferred compensation expenses in the table also include vested and non-vested awards granted mainly in February and March 2012,2013, which relate to the compensation core cycle 2011.performance year 2012.

 

 

Personnel expenses – recognized and deferred1

 

  Personnel expenses for the year
2011
   Personnel expenses deferred to
2012 and later
 
CHF million  Expenses
relating to
awards for
2011
   Expenses
relating to
awards for
prior years
  Total   Relating to
awards for
2011
   Relating to
awards for
prior years
   Total 
Variable bonus awards           
                              
Cash discretionary bonus   1,514     (88  1,426     0     0     0  
                              
Conditional Variable Compensation Plan (CVCP)   0     204    204     0     42     42  
                              
Cash Balance Plan (CBP) and other cash plans   34     105    139     3     137     140  
                              
Total deferred cash plans   34     309    343     3     179     182  
                              
Equity Ownership Plan (EOP / SEEOP / Performance) – UBS shares   231     1,069    1,300     625     641     1,266  
                              
Performance Equity Plan (PEP)   3     5    8     10     4     14  
                              
Incentive Performance Plan (IPP)   0     97    97     0     134     134  
                              
Total UBS share plans   234     1,171    1,405     635     779     1,414  
                              
UBS share option plans (KESAP / KESOP)   0     100    100     0     15     15  
                              
Equity Ownership Plan (EOP) – AIVs   25     93    118     69     48     117  
                              
Total discretionary bonus   1,807     1,585    3,392     707     1,021     1,728  
                              
Variable compensation           
                              
Variable compensation – other2   335     (19  316     247     190     437  
                              
Financial advisor compensation – cash payments   1,695     0    1,695     0     0     0  
                              
Compensation commitments and advances related to recruited financial advisors   37     499    536     561     2,131     2,692  
                              
GrowthPlus and other deferral plans   90     89    179     377     422     799  
                              
UBS share plans   20     88    108     86     261     347  
                              
Wealth Management Americas: Financial advisor compensation3   1,842     676    2,518     1,024     2,814     3,838  
                              
Total   3,984     2,242    6,226     1,978     4,025     6,003  
                              

1  Total share-based personnel expenses recognized for the year ended 31 December 2011 of CHF 1,789 million comprise UBS share plans of CHF 1,405 million, UBS share option plans of CHF 100 million, Equity Ownership Plan – AIVs of CHF 118 million, related social security costs of CHF 39 million and Variable compensation – other of CHF 127 million.2Includes replacement payments of CHF 121 million, forfeiture credits of negative CHF 215 million, guarantees for new hires of CHF 173 million, severance payments of CHF 216 million and retention plan payments of CHF 21 million.3Financial advisor compensation consists of grid-based compensation based directly on compensable revenues generated by financial advisors and supplemental compensation calculated based on financial advisor productivity, firm tenure, assets and other variables. It also includes costs related to compensation commitments and advances granted to financial advisors at the time of recruitment, which are subject to vesting requirements. Amounts reflected as deferred expenses represent the maximum deferred exposure as of the balance sheet date.

383


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 30 Equity participation and other compensation plans (continued)

Personnel expenses – recognizedRecognized and deferred1

 

 

  Personnel expenses for the year 2010   Personnel expenses deferred to 2011 and later   Personnel expenses for the year
ended 2012
 Personnel expenses deferred to
2013 and later
 
CHF million  Expenses
relating to
awards for
2010
   Expenses
relating to
awards for
prior years
 Total   Relating to
awards for
2010
   Relating to
awards for
prior years
   Total   Expenses
relating to
awards for
2012
   Expenses
relating to
awards for
prior years
 Total Relating to
awards for
2012
 Relating to
awards for
prior years
   Total 
Performance awards         
                        
Variable bonus awards           
Cash performance awards   1,411     (38  1,373    0    0     0  
                        
Cash discretionary bonus   2,079     5    2,084     0     0     0  
               
Conditional Variable Compensation Plan (CVCP)   0     179    179     0     292     292  
               
Cash Balance Plan (CBP) and other cash plans   64     71    135     236     19     255  
               
Total deferred cash plans   64     250    314     236     311     547  
Deferred cash plans (CBP, DCCP and other cash plans)   150     149    299    371    87     458  
                        
Equity Ownership Plan (EOP / SEEOP) – UBS shares   434     852    1,286     1,249     515     1,764     135     995    1,130    383    495     878  
                        
Performance Equity Plan (PEP)   6     5    11     16     2     18     0     10    10    0    4     4  
                        
Incentive Performance Plan (IPP)   0     131    131     6     221     227     0     62    62    0    82     82  
                        
Total UBS share plans   440     988    1,428     1,271     738     2,009     135     1,067    1,202    383    581     964  
                        
UBS share option plans (KESAP / KESOP)   0     145    145     0     114     114     0     14    14    0    0     0  
                        
Equity Ownership Plan (EOP) – AIVs   28     83    111     67     57     124     28     84    112    20    46     66  
                        
Total discretionary bonus   2,611     1,471    4,082     1,574     1,220     2,794  
Total performance awards   1,724     1,276    3,000    774    714     1,488  
                        
Variable compensation                    
                        
Variable compensation – other2   399     (169  230     337     0     337  
Variable compensation – other   424     (57  3673   4944   71     565  
                        
Financial advisor compensation – cash payments   1,813     0    1,813     0     0     0     1,957     0    1,957    0    0     0  
                        
Compensation commitments and advances related to recruited financial advisors   29     570    599     388     2,186     2,574     54     579    634    587    2,115     2,702  
                        
GrowthPlus and other deferral plans   127     35    162     221     302     523     54     129    183    54    620     674  
                        
UBS share plans   11     82    93     89     266     355     21     78    99    66    216     282  
                        
Wealth Management Americas: Financial advisor compensation3   1,980     687    2,667     698     2,754     3,452  
Wealth Management Americas: Financial advisor compensation2   2,087     786    2,873    706    2,951     3,657  
                        
Total   4,990     1,989    6,979     2,609     3,974     6,583     4,235     2,005    6,240    1,974    3,736     5,710  
                        

1  Total share-based personnel expenses recognized for the year ended 31 December 20102012 were CHF 1,584 million and were comprised of CHF 1,843 million comprise UBS share plans of CHF 1,4281,261 million, UBS share option plans of CHF 14514 million, Equity Ownership Plan – AIVs of CHF 111112 million, related social security costs of CHF 9089 million and other compensation plans (reported within Variable compensation – otherother) of CHF 69108 million. In 2011, we reclassified the costs related to our voluntary employee share ownership plan (Equity Plus) from Variable compensation – other to Other personnel expenses. Prior periods were adjusted for this change. Refer to “Note 1b) Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments for more information.2  Includes replacement payments of CHF 107 million, forfeiture credits of negative CHF 167 million, guarantees for new hires of CHF 135 million, severance payments of CHF 69 million and retention plan payments of CHF 85 million.3  Financial advisor compensation consists of grid-based compensation based directly on compensable revenues generated by financial advisors and supplemental compensation calculated based on financial advisor productivity, firm tenure, assets and other variables. It also includes costs related to compensation commitments and advances granted to financial advisors at the time of recruitment, which are subject to vesting requirements. Amounts reflected as deferred expenses represent the maximum deferred exposure as of the balance sheet date.3  Includes replacement payments of CHF 109 million (of which CHF 94 million related to prior years), forfeiture credits of CHF 174 million (entirely related to prior years), severance payments and provisions of CHF 303 million (entirely related to the current year) and retention plan and other payments of CHF 128 million (of which CHF 21 million related to prior years).4  Includes interest expense of CHF 137 million related to DCCP.

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 31 Equity participation and other compensation plans (continued)

Personnel expenses – Recognized and deferred1

 

  Personnel expenses for the year ended 2011  Personnel expenses deferred to 2012 and later 
CHF million  Expenses
relating to
awards for
2011
   Expenses
relating to
awards for
prior years
  Total  Relating to 
awards for 
2011 
   Relating to 
awards for 
prior years 
   Total 
                             
Performance awards          
                             
Cash performance awards   1,554     (88  1,466              0  
                             
Deferred cash plans (CBP, DCP and other cash plans)   34     309    343         179      182  
                             
Equity Ownership Plan (EOP / SEEOP) – UBS shares   231     1,153    1,384    740      720      1,460  
                             
Performance Equity Plan (PEP)   3     5    8    10           14  
                             
Incentive Performance Plan (IPP)   0     97    97         134      134  
                             
Total UBS share plans   234     1,256    1,490    750      858      1,608  
                             
UBS share option plans (KESAP / KESOP)   0     100    100         15      15  
                             
Equity Ownership Plan (EOP) – AIVs   25     93    118    69      48      117  
                             
Total performance awards   1,847     1,669    3,516    822      1,100      1,922  
                             
Variable compensation          
                             
Variable compensation – other   295     (104  1913   132      111      243  
                             
Financial advisor compensation – cash payments   1,695     0    1,695              0  
                             
Compensation commitments and advances related to recruited financial advisors   37     499    536    561      2,131      2,692  
                             
GrowthPlus and other deferral plans   90     89    179    377      422      799  
                             
UBS share plans   20     88    108    86      261      347  
                             
Wealth Management Americas: Financial advisor compensation2   1,842     676    2,518    1,024      2,814      3,838  
                             
Total   3,984     2,242    6,226    1,978      4,025      6,003  
                             

1  Total share-based personnel expenses recognized for the year ended 31 December 2011 were CHF 1,789 million and were comprised of UBS share plans of CHF 1,490 million, UBS share option plans of CHF 100 million, Equity Ownership Plan – AIVs of CHF 118 million, related social security costs of CHF 39 million and other compensation plans (reported within Variable compensation – other) of CHF 42 million. In 2012, costs related to guarantees for new hires were reclassified from Variable compensation – other to Variable compensation – performance awards. In addition, costs related to both supplemental severance and certain retention payments were reclassified from Variable compensation – performance awards to Variable compensation – other. Prior periods were adjusted for these changes. The combined impact of these changes resulted in a net increase to Variable compensation – performance awards of CHF 125 million for the year ended 31 December 2011 with a corresponding net decrease to Variable compensation – other.2Financial advisor compensation consists of grid-based compensation based directly on compensable revenues generated by financial advisors and supplemental compensation calculated based on financial advisor productivity, firm tenure, assets and other variables. It also includes costs related to compensation commitments and advances granted to financial advisors at the time of recruitment, which are subject to vesting requirements. Amounts reflected as deferred expenses represent the maximum deferred exposure as of the balance sheet date.3  Includes replacement payments of CHF 121 million, forfeiture credits of CHF 215 million, severance payments of CHF 239 million and retention plan and other payments of CHF 46 million.

 

Additional disclosures on income statement

During 2012, UBS accelerated the recognition of expenses for certain deferred compensation arrangements relating to employees that were made redundant as part of restructuring programs. Based on the redundancy provisions of the plan rules, these employees retain their deferred compensation awards, however, as the employees are not required to provide future service, compensation expense relating to these awards was accelerated to the termination date based on the shortened service period. The amounts accelerated and recognized in 2012 were CHF 63 million relating to share-based payment awards and CHF 13 million related to deferred cash awards. UBS also shortened the service period for certain

employees in accordance with the mutually agreed termination provisions of their deferred compensation awards. Expense recognition was accelerated to the revised vesting date. The amounts accelerated and recognized in 2012 were CHF 20 million relating to share-based payment awards and CHF 2 million related to deferred cash awards. These amounts are included in personnel expenses.

Additional disclosures on mandatory, discretionary and voluntary share-based compensation plans (including AIVs granted under EOP)

The total share-based personnel expenses recognized for the years ended 31 December 2012, 2011 and 2010 were CHF

384


Financial information

Note 3031 Equity participation and other compensation plans (continued)

 

 

Personnel expenses – recognizedRecognized and deferred1

 

  Personnel expenses for the year 2009   Personnel expenses deferred to 2010 and later   Personal expenses for the year ended 2010 Personal expenses deferred to 2011 and later 
CHF million  Expenses
relating to
awards for
2009
   Expenses
relating to
awards for
prior years
 Total   Relating to
awards for
2009
   Relating to
awards for
prior years
   Total   Expenses
relating to
awards for
2010
   Expenses
relating to
awards for
prior years
 Total Relating to
awards for
2010
 Relating to
awards for
prior years
   Total 
Variable bonus awards           
Performance awards         
                        
Cash discretionary bonus   2,245     (169  2,076     0     0     0  
Cash performance awards   2,168     5    2,173    (10  0     (10
                        
Conditional Variable Compensation Plan (CVCP)   0     19    19     0     558     558  
Deferred cash plans (CBP, DCP and other cash plans)   64     250    314    236    311     547  
                        
Cash Balance Plan (CBP) and other cash plans   44     0    44     45     12     57  
               
Total deferred cash plans   44     19    63     45     570     615  
               
Equity Ownership Plan (EOP / SEEOP / Performance) – UBS shares   276     283    559     1,352     97     1,449  
Equity Ownership Plan (EOP / SEEOP) – UBS shares   434     852    1,286    1,249    515     1,764  
                        
Performance Equity Plan (PEP)   0     0    0     8     0     8     6     5    11    16    2     18  
                        
Incentive Performance Plan (IPP)   0     0    0     467     0     467     0     131    131    6    221     227  
                        
Total UBS share plans   276     283    559     1,827     97     1,924     440     988    1,428    1,271    738     2,009  
                        
UBS share option plans (KESAP / KESOP)   33     23    56     34     286     320     0     145    145    0    114     114  
                        
Equity Ownership Plan (EOP) – AIVs   34     21    55     134     13     147     28     83    111    67    57     124  
                        
Total discretionary bonus   2,632     177    2,809     2,040     966     3,006  
Total performance awards   2,700     1,471    4,171    1,564    1,220     2,784  
                        
Variable compensation                    
                        
Variable compensation – other2   816     (117  699     0     0     0  
Variable compensation – other   310     (169  1413   347    0     347  
                        
Financial advisor compensation – cash payments   1,712     0    1,712     0     0     0     1,813     0    1,813    0    0     0  
                        
Compensation commitments and advances related to recruited financial advisors   127     471    598     1,198     1,744     2,942     29     570    599    388    2,186     2,574  
                        
GrowthPlus and other deferral plans   28     (7  21     124     241     365     127     35    162    221    302     523  
                        
UBS share plans   0     95    95     110     236     346     11     82    93    89    266     355  
                        
Wealth Management Americas: Financial advisor compensation3   1,867     559    2,426     1,432     2,221     3,653  
Wealth Management Americas: Financial advisor compensation2   1,980     687    2,667    698    2,754     3,452  
                        
Total   5,315     619    5,934     3,472     3,187     6,659     4,990     1,989    6,979    2,609    3,974     6,583  
                        

1 Total share-based personnel expenses recognized for the year ended 31 December 20092010 were CHF 1,843 million and where comprised of CHF 913 million comprise UBS share plans of CHF 5591,428 million, UBS share option plans of CHF 56145 million, Equity Ownership Plan – AIVs of CHF 55111 million, related social security costs of CHF 1690 million and other compensation plans (reported within Variable compensation – otherother) of CHF 22769 million. In 2011, we reclassified the2012, costs related to our voluntary employee share ownership plan (Equity Plus)guarantees for new hires were reclassified from Variable compensation – other to Other personnel expenses.Variable compensation – performance awards. In addition, costs related to both supplemental severance and certain retention payments were reclassified from Variable compensation – performance awards to Variable compensation – other. Prior periods were adjusted for this change. Referthese changes. The combined impact of these changes resulted in a net increase to “Note 1b) Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustmentsVariable compensation – performance awards of CHF 89 million for more information.the year ended 31 December 2010 with a corresponding net decrease to Variable compensation – other.2 Includes replacement payments of CHF 41 million, forfeiture credits of CHF negative 81 million, guarantees for new hires of CHF 56 million, severance payments of CHF 433 million and retention plan payments of CHF 250 million.3  Financial advisor compensation consists of grid-based compensation based directly on compensable revenues generated by financial advisors and supplemental compensation calculated based on financial advisor productivity, firm tenure, assets and other variables. It also includes costs related to compensation commitments and advances granted to financial advisors at the time of recruitment, which are subject to vesting requirements. Amounts reflected as deferred expenses represent the maximum deferred exposure as of the balance sheet date.3 Includes replacement payments of CHF 107 million, forfeiture credits of CHF 167 million, severance payments of CHF 80 million and retention plan and other payments of CHF 121 million.

 

Additional disclosures on mandatory, discretionary and voluntary share-based compensation plans (including AIVs granted under EOP)

The total share-based personnel expenses recognized for the years ended 31 December 2011, 2010 and 2009 were1,584 million, CHF 1,789 million, CHF 1,843 million, and CHF 9131,843 million, respectively. This includes the current period expense amortization and related social security costs for awards issued in prior periods and performance year expensing for awards granted to retirement eligibleretirement-eligible employees where the terms of the awards do not require the employee to provide future services.

The total compensation expenses for non-vested share-based awards granted up to 31 December 20112012 relating to prior years to be recognized in future periods is CHF 1,3191,108 million and will be recognized inPersonnelas personnel expenses over a weighted average period of 2.12.4 years. This

includes UBS share plans, UBS share option

plans, the Equity Ownership Plan (AIVs), other variable compensation and the Equity Plus Plan. Total deferred compensation amounts included in the 20112012 table differ from this amount as the deferred compensation amounts also include non-vested awards granted in February and March 20122013 related to the compensation core cycle 2011.performance year 2012.

Actual payments to participants in cash-settled share-based plans, including amounts granted as AIVs issued under the EOP, for the years ended 31 December 2012, 2011 and 2010 and 2009 were CHF 141 million, CHF 93 million CHF 79 million and CHF 8379 million, respectively. The total carrying amount of the liability related to these plans was CHF 262249 million at 31 December 2011.2012.

 

385


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 3031 Equity participation and other compensation plans (continued)

 

 

c) Movements during the year

 

UBS share and performance share awards

Movements in UBS share and notional share awards were as follows:

UBS share awards

 

  

Number of
shares

2011

 Weighted
average grant
date fair
value CHF
   

Number of
shares

2010

 Weighted
average grant
date fair
value CHF
   

Number of
shares

2009

 Weighted
average grant
date fair
value CHF
   

Number of 
shares 

2012 

   Weighted
average grant
date fair
value (CHF)
   

Number of 
shares 

2011 

   Weighted
average grant
date fair
value (CHF)
   

Number of 
shares 

2010 

   Weighted
average grant
date fair
value (CHF)
 
Outstanding, at the beginning of the year   171,085,140    18     86,888,626    31     84,736,935    53     214,698,539      17     171,085,140      18     86,888,626      31  
                           
Shares awarded during the year   111,254,968    18     125,133,310    15     39,067,130    12     120,208,862      12     111,254,968      18     125,133,310      15  
                           
Distributions during the year   (54,443,660  21     (29,669,688  42     (31,293,824  66     (72,997,669)     17     (54,443,660)     21     (29,669,688)     42  
                           
Forfeited during the year   (13,197,909  18     (11,267,108  21     (5,621,615  38     (12,850,203)     17     (13,197,909)     18     (11,267,108)     21  
                           
Outstanding, at the end of the year   214,698,539    17     171,085,140    18     86,888,626    31     249,059,529      15     214,698,539      17     171,085,140      18  
                           

of which: shares vested for accounting purposes

   59,154,235      47,366,286      40,148,461      61,555,483        59,154,235        47,366,286     
                           

The marketfair value of shares that became legally vested and were distributed (i.e. all restrictions were fulfilled) during-theduring the years ended 31 December 2012, 2011 and 2010 and 2009 was CHF 1,216 million, CHF 980 million CHF 421 million and CHF 346421 million, respectively.

Movements in performance shares granted under the IPP are as follows:

Incentive Performance Plan

 

     2012 
  

Number of
performance
shares

2011

 Weighted
average fair
value of IPP
performance
shares at grant
date CHF1
   Representative
of UBS shares
20112
 

Number of
performance
shares

2010

 Weighted average
fair value of IPP
performance
shares at grant
date CHF1
   Representative
of UBS CHF
20102
   

Number of 
performance 
shares 

2012 

   Weighted
average fair
value of IPP
performance
shares at grant
date (CHF)1
   Representative 
of UBS shares 
20122 
 
Forfeitable, at the beginning of the year   18,157,242    22     18,157,242    0    0     0       16,137,466      22     16,137,466   
                     
Awarded during the year   31,848    21     31,848    19,629,916    22     19,629,916            0       
                     
Distributions during the year   0    0     0    0    0     0       (7,182)     22     (7,182)  
                     
Forfeited during the year   (2,051,624  22     (2,051,624  (1,472,674  22     (1,472,674     (1,898,453)     22     (1,898,453)  
                     
Increase / decrease of UBS shares to be delivered upon vesting, based on conditions at the end of the year   N/A    N/A     0    N/A    N/A     0       N/A      N/A     N/A   
                     
Forfeitable, at the end of the year   16,137,466    22     16,137,466    18,157,242    22     18,157,242       14,231,831      22     14,231,831   
                     

of which: performance shares vested for accounting purposes

   6,727,398      6,727,398    4,073,546      4,073,546       8,965,917        8,965,917   
                     
        
  2011 
Forfeitable, at the beginning of the year     18,157,242      22     18,157,242   
            
Awarded during the year     31,848      21     31,848   
            
Distributions during the year          0       
            
Forfeited during the year     (2,051,624)     22     (2,051,624)  
            
Increase / decrease of UBS shares to be delivered upon vesting, based on conditions at the end of the year     N/A      N/A       
            
Forfeitable, at the end of the year     16,137,466      22     16,137,466   
            

of which: performance shares vested for accounting purposes

     6,727,398        6,727,398   
            
        
  2010 
Forfeitable, at the beginning of the year          0       
            
Awarded during the year     19,629,916      22     19,629,916   
            
Distributions during the year          0       
            
Forfeited during the year     (1,472,674)     22     (1,472,674)  
            
Increase / decrease of UBS shares to be delivered upon vesting, based on conditions at the end of the year     N/A      N/A     N/A   
            
Forfeitable, at the end of the year     18,157,242      22     18,157,242   
            

of which: performance shares vested for accounting purposes

     4,073,546        4,073,546   
            

1 Valuations take into account the relevant performance conditions, targets set, and the range of possible outcomes.2 Based on conditions existing at the relevant balance sheet date.

386


Financial information

Note 3031 Equity participation and other compensation plans (continued)

 

 

Movements in performance shares granted under the PEP are as follows:

Performance Equity Plan

 

     2012 
  

Number of
performance
shares

2011

 Weighted
average fair
value of PEP
performance
shares at
grant date
CHF1
   Representative
of UBS shares
20112
 Number of
performance
shares 2010
 Weighted
average fair
value of PEP
performance
shares at grant
date CHF1
   Representative
of UBS CHF
20102
   

Number of 
performance 
shares 

2012 

   Weighted
average fair
value of PEP
performance
shares at
grant date
(CHF)1
   Representative 
of UBS shares 
20122 
 
Forfeitable, at the beginning of the year   518,837    16     518,837    0    0     0       1,210,598      18     1,210,598   
                     
Awarded during the year   754,530    19     754,530    545,642    16     545,642       845,580      13     845,580   
                     
Distributions during the year   0    0     0    0    0     0            0       
                     
Forfeited during the year   (62,769  19     (62,769  (26,805  16     (26,805     (230,979)     13     (230,979)  
                     
Increase / decrease of UBS shares to be delivered upon vesting, based on conditions at the end of the year   N/A    N/A     (732,364  N/A    N/A     (251,636     N/A      N/A     (878,516)  
                     
Forfeitable, at the end of the year   1,210,598    18     478,234    518,837    16     267,201       1,825,199      16     946,683   
                     

of which: performance shares vested for accounting purposes

   594,235      244,332    221,638      114,143       1,160,836        587,828   
                     
        
  2011 
Forfeitable, at the beginning of the year     518,837      16     518,837   
            
Awarded during the year     754,530      19     754,530   
            
Distributions during the year          0       
            
Forfeited during the year     (62,769)     19     (62,769)  
            
Increase / decrease of UBS shares to be delivered upon vesting, based on conditions at the end of the year     N/A      N/A     (732,364)  
            
Forfeitable, at the end of the year     1,210,598      18     478,234   
            

of which: performance shares vested for accounting purposes

     594,235        244,332   
            
        
  2010 
Forfeitable, at the beginning of the year          0       
            
Awarded during the year     545,642      16     545,642   
            
Distributions during the year          0       
            
Forfeited during the year     (26,805)     16     (26,805)  
            
Increase / decrease of UBS shares to be delivered upon vesting, based on conditions at the end of the year     N/A      N/A     (251,636)  
            
Forfeitable, at the end of the year     518,837      16     267,201   
            

of which: performance shares vested for accounting purposes

     221,638        114,143   
            

1 Valuations take into account the relevant performance conditions, targets set, and the range of possible outcomes.2 Based on conditions existing at the relevant balance sheet date.

UBS option awards

Movements in option awards were as follows:

UBS option awards

  Number of
options
2011
 Weighted
average exercise
price CHF1
   

Number

of options
2010

 Weighted
average exercise
price CHF1
   Number of
options
2009
 Weighted
average exercise
price CHF1
   Number of
options
2012
 Weighted
average exercise
price (CHF)1
   Number
of options
2011
 Weighted
average exercise
price (CHF)1
   Number of
options
2010
 Weighted
average exercise
price (CHF)1
 
Outstanding, at the beginning of the year   205,545,575    42     228,623,886    43     236,055,545    47     179,992,361    43     205,545,575    42     228,623,886    43  
                  
Granted during the year   0    0     0    0     22,525,624    13     0    0     0    0     0    0  
                  
Exercised during the year   (1,306,764  12     (40,894  14     (48,241  16     (992,180  11     (1,306,764  12     (40,894  14  
                  
Forfeited during the year   (810,094  24     (5,814,986  33     (7,245,512  37     (1,283,626  44     (810,094  24     (5,814,986  33  
                  
Expired unexercised   (23,436,356  42     (17,222,431  54     (22,663,530  48     (19,625,991  40     (23,436,356  42     (17,222,431  54  
                  
Outstanding, at the end of the year   179,992,361    43     205,545,575    42     228,623,886    43     158,090,564    43     179,992,361    43     205,545,575    42  
                  
Exercisable, at the end of the year   178,008,644    43     155,302,104    48     137,797,186    51     158,090,564    43     178,008,644    43     155,302,104    48  
                  

1 Some of the options in this table have exercise prices denominated in USD which have been converted into CHF at the year-end spot exchange rate for the purposes of this table.

The following table provides additional information about option exercises, grants and intrinsic values:

 

For the year ended  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
Weighted average share price of options exercised (CHF)   17     16     18     13     17     16  
                  
Intrinsic value of options exercised during the year (CHF million)   7.5     0.1     0.2     3.6     7.5     0.1  
                  
Weighted average grant date fair value of options granted (CHF)   N/A     N/A     6.0     N/A     N/A     N/A  
                  

387


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 3031 Equity participation and other compensation plans (continued)

 

 

The following table provides additional information about options outstanding and options exercisable as of 31 December 2011:2012:

 

  Options outstanding   Options exercisable   Options outstanding   Options exercisable 
Range of exercise prices  Number of
options
outstanding
   Weighted
average
exercise price
(CHF / USD)
   Aggregate
intrinsic value
(CHF / USD)
million)
   Weighted
average
remaining
contractual
term (years)
   Number of
options
exercisable
   Weighted
average
exercise price
(CHF / USD)
   Aggregate
intrinsic value
(CHF / USD)
million)
   Weighted
average
remaining
contractual
term (years)
   Number of
options
outstanding
   Weighted
average
exercise price
(CHF / USD)
   Aggregate
intrinsic value
(CHF / USD
million)
   Weighted
average
remaining
contractual
term (years)
   Number of
options
exercisable
   Weighted
average
exercise price
(CHF / USD)
   Aggregate
intrinsic value
(CHF / USD
million)
   Weighted
average
remaining
contractual
term (years)
 
CHF awards                        
CHF Awards                        
10.21–15.00   15,990,737     11.33     9.8     7.1     13,757,437     11.33     9.8     7.1     14,801,336     11.38     43.8     6.1     14,801,336     11.38     43.8     6.1  
                                                
15.01–25.00   10,393,029     18.76     0.0     7.3     10,348,029     18.76     0.0     7.3     10,306,684     18.75     0.0     6.3     10,306,684     18.75     0.0     6.3  
                                                
25.01–35.00   36,676,438     31.00     0.0     5.4     36,649,903     30.98     0.0     5.4     34,383,941     30.97     0.0     4.4     34,383,941     30.97     0.0     4.4  
                                                
35.01–45.00   15,668,285     39.90     0.0     2.1     15,720,190     39.89     0.0     2.1     8,768,140     41.98     0.0     2.0     8,768,140     41.98     0.0     2.0  
                                                
45.01–55.00   17,649,676     49.32     0.0     3.5     17,612,701     49.32     0.0     3.5     16,679,077     49.36     0.0     2.5     16,679,077     49.36     0.0     2.5  
                                                
55.01–65.00   4,720,736     60.15     0.0     5.0     4,720,736     60.15     0.0     5.0     4,589,852     60.10     0.0     4.0     4,589,852     60.10     0.0     4.0  
                                                
65.01–75.00   52,941,724     67.65     0.0     4.7     53,280,727     67.69     0.0     4.7     48,336,965     67.59     0.0     3.7     48,336,965     67.59     0.0     3.7  
                                                
10.21–75.00   154,040,625       9.8       152,089,723       9.8       137,865,995       43.8       137,865,995       43.8    
                                                
USD awards                        
15.58–25.00   9,300,906     20.30     0.0     0.8     9,280,906     20.30     0.0     0.8  
USD Awards                        
17.88–25.00   5,312,270     19.51     0.0     0.2     5,312,270     19.51     0.0     0.2  
                                                
25.01–35.00   6,442,441     31.87     0.0     2.3     6,436,795     31.87     0.0     2.3     6,809,592     31.69     0.0     1.4     6,809,592     31.69     0.0     1.4  
                                                
35.01–40.00   7,720,186     37.73     0.0     3.0     7,713,017     37.73     0.0     3.0     5,772,639     37.27     0.0     2.2     5,772,639     37.27     0.0     2.2  
                                                
40.01–47.12   2,488,203     42.14     0.0     3.4     2,488,203     42.14     0.0     3.4  
40.01–45.96   2,330,068     41.12     0.0     2.5     2,330,068     41.12     0.0     2.5  
                                                
15.58–47.12   25,951,736       0.0       25,918,921       0.0    
17.88–45.96   20,224,569       0.0       20,224,569       0.0    
                                                

UBS SAR awards

Movements in SAR awards were as follows:

UBS SARSARs awards

  Number of SARs
2011
 Weighted
average exercise
price CHF
   Number of SARs
2010
 Weighted
average exercise
price CHF
   Number of SARs
2009
 Weighted
average exercise
price CHF
   Number of SARs
2012
 Weighted
average exercise
price (CHF)
   Number of SARs
2011
 Weighted
average exercise
price (CHF)
   Number of SARs
2010
 Weighted
average exercise
price (CHF)
 
Outstanding, at the beginning of the year   58,015,041    12     60,907,175    12     0    0     55,021,238    12     58,015,041    12     60,907,175    12  
                  
Granted during the year   0    0     0    0     66,126,830    12     0    0     0    0     0    0  
                  
Exercised during the year   (44,333  15     (160,334  12     0    0     (14,217,629  11     (44,333  15     (160,334  12  
                  
Forfeited during the year   (2,946,350  11     (2,721,700  11     (5,219,655  11     (684,717  11     (2,946,350  11     (2,721,700  11  
                  
Expired unexercised   (3,120  16     (10,100  11     0    0     (7,000,557  11     (3,120  16     (10,100  11  
                  
Outstanding, at the end of the year   55,021,238    12     58,015,041    12     60,907,175    12     33,118,335    12     55,021,238    12     58,015,041    12  
                  
Exercisable, at the end of the year   4,018,634    10     4,005,317    10     4,000,000    10     33,118,335    12     4,018,634    10     4,005,317    10  
                  

The following table provides additional information about SARs exercises, grants and intrinsic values:

 

For the year ended  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
Weighted average share price of SARs exercised (CHF)   18     16     N/A     13     18     16  
                  
Intrinsic value of SARs exercised during the year (CHF million)   0.1     0.6     N/A     24.6     0.1     0.6  
                  
Weighted average grant date fair value of SARs granted (CHF)   N/A     N/A     5.0     N/A     N/A     N/A  
                  

388


Financial information

Note 3031 Equity participation and other compensation plans (continued)

 

 

The following table provides additional information about SARs outstanding as of 31 December 2011:2012:

 

  SARs outstanding   SARs exercisable   SARs outstanding   SARs exercisable 
Range of exercise prices  Number of
SARs
outstanding
   Weighted
average
exercise
price (CHF)
   Aggregate
intrinsic value
(CHF million)
   Weighted
average
remaining
contractual
term (years)
   Number of
SARs
exercisable
   Weighted
average
exercise
price (CHF)
   Aggregate
intrinsic value
(CHF million)
   Weighted
average
remaining
contractual
term (years)
   Number of
SARs
outstanding
   Weighted
average
exercise
price (CHF)
   Aggregate
intrinsic value
(CHF million)
   Weighted
average
remaining
contractual
term (years)
   Number of
SARs
exercisable
   Weighted
average
exercise
price (CHF)
   Aggregate
intrinsic value
(CHF million)
   Weighted
average
remaining
contractual
term (years)
 
CHF                                                
9.35–12.50   53,508,855     11.25     4.4     6.8     4,007,400     10.10     4.3     2.2     31,704,385     11.34     92.7     6.2     31,704,385     11.34     92.7     6.2  
                                                
12.51–15.00   47,000     14.53     0.0     7.5     0     0.00     0.0     0.0     32,000     14.51     0.0     6.5     32,000     14.51     0.0     6.5  
                                                
15.01–17.50   181,783     16.63     0.0     7.4     10,634     16.80     0.0     7.4     110,950     16.80     0.0     6.4     110,950     16.80     0.0     6.4  
                                                
17.51–20.00   378,600     19.25     0.0     7.7     600     19.27     0.0     7.7     366,000     19.25     0.0     6.7     366,000     19.25     0.0     6.7  
                                                
20.01–40.00   905,000     40.00     0.0     7.2     0     0.00     0.0     0.0     905,000     40.00     0.0     6.2     905,000     40.00     0.0     6.2  
                                                
9.35–40.00   55,021,238           4,018,634           33,118,335       92.7       33,118,335       92.7    
                                                

d) Valuation

 

 

UBS share awards

UBS measures compensation expense based on the average market price of the UBS share on the grant date as quoted on the SIX Swiss Exchange, taking into consideration post-vesting sale and hedge restrictions, non-vesting conditions and market conditions, where applicable. The fair value of the share awards subject to post-vesting sale and hedge restrictions is discounted based upon the duration of the post-vesting restriction and is referenced to the cost of purchasing an at-the-money European put option for the term of the transfer restriction. The weighted average discount for share and performance share awards granted during 20112012 is approximately 13.9 %15.4% (2011: 13.9%) of the market price of the UBS share. The grant date fair value of notional UBS shares without dividend entitlements also includes a deduction for the present value of future expected dividends to be paid between the grant date and distribution.

UBS options and SARs awards

Since 2010, the fair values of options and SARs have been determined using a standard closed-formula option valuation model. The

expected term of each instrument is calculated based on historical employee exercise behavior patterns, taking into account the share price, strike

price, vesting period and the contractual life of the instrument. The term structure of volatility is derived from the implied volatilities of traded UBS options in combination with the observed long-term historical share price volatility. Expected future dividends are derived from traded UBS options or from the historical dividend pattern. No options or SARs werehave been granted in 2010 and 2011.since 2009.

In 2009 the fair value of options and SARs was determined by means of a Monte Carlo simulation. The simulation technique used a mix of implied and historical volatility and specific employee exercise behavior patterns based on statistical data, taking into account the specific terms and conditions under which the instrument was granted, such as the vesting period, forced exercises during the lifetime, and gain- and time-dependent exercise behavior. The expected term of each instrument was calculated as the probability-weighted average period of the time between grant and exercise. The term structure of volatility was derived from the implied volatilities of traded UBS options in combination with the observed long-term historical share price volatility. Expected future dividends were derived from traded UBS options or from the historical dividend pattern. The fair values of options and SARs granted during 2009 were determined using the following assumptions:

 

  31.12.09 
    CHF awards   Range low   Range high 
Expected volatility (%)   48.22     40.91     53.47  
                
Risk-free interest rate (%)   2.16     1.50     2.57  
                
Expected dividend (CHF)   0.27     0.00     0.29  
                
Strike price (CHF)   11.88     9.35     40.00  
                
Share price (CHF)   11.64     9.35     19.27  
                

389


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 30 Equity participation and other compensation plans (continued)

Incentive Performance Plan (IPP) and Performance Equity Plan (PEP)

For performance share awards granted in 2012, 2011 and 2010, UBS obtained independent third-party valuations based on the market conditions at the date of grant. The valuation methodology applied was a Monte Carlo

simulation. The approach to determining input parameters and valuing the post-vesting transfer restriction is in line with that used for options. The fair value of IPP units granted in 2010 and PEP units granted in 2012, 2011 and 2010 was determined using the following assumptions:

 

    31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
    PEP CHF awards   PEP CHF awards   PEP CHF awards 
Expected total shareholder return volatility (%)   43.00     62.00     63.00  
                
Expected economic profit volatility (%)1   16.00     52.00     57.00  
                
Risk-free interest rate (%)   0.09     0.62     0.60  
                
Expected dividend (CHF)   0.13     0.03     0.10  
                
Share price (CHF)   12.76     18.43     14.80  
                

1 For the PEP award in 2012, the expected volatility of economic profit was determined prior to the cost of equity deduction, resulting in a lower volatility compared with prior periods when the expected volatility of economic profit was determined after the cost of equity deduction. This refinement to the calculation did not have a significant impact on compensation expense for this award. Refer to the “Capital management” section in this report for more information on economic profit.

 

 

  31.12.1131.12.10 
    PEPIPP CHF awards 
Expected TSRtotal shareholder return volatility (%)   62.0038.07  
      
Expected EPeconomic profit volatility (%)   52.00N/A  
      
Risk-free interest rate (%)   0.621.06  
      
Expected dividend (CHF)   0.030.12  
      
Share price (CHF)   18.4314.80  
      

Financial information

 

  31.12.10 
    IPP CHF awards   PEP CHF awards 
Expected TSR volatility (%)   38.07     63.00  
           
Expected EP volatility (%)   N/A     57.00  
           
Risk-free interest rate (%)   1.06     0.60  
           
Expected dividend (CHF)   0.12     0.10  
           
Share price (CHF)   14.80     14.80  
           

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

390


Financial information

 

Note 3132 Related parties

 

The GroupUBS defines related parties as associated companies (entities which are significantly influenced by UBS), post-employment benefit plans for the benefit of UBS employees, key management personnel, close family members of key management personnel

and entities which are, directly or indirectly, controlled or jointly controlled by key

management personnel or their close family members. Key management personnel is defined as members of the Board of Directors (BoD) and Group Executive Board (GEB). This definition is based on the revised requirements of IAS 24Related Party Disclosures issued in November 2009.

 

 

a) Remuneration of key management personnel

 

The non-independent members of the BoD have top management employment contracts and receive pension benefits upon retirement. Total remuneration of the non-independent members of the BoD and GEB members, including those who stepped down during 20111,20121, is as follows:

Remuneration of key management personnel

 

CHF million  31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.09   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
Base salaries and other cash payments   21    16    16     20     21     16  
            
Incentive awards – cash   223   303   64  
Incentive awards – cash2   21     22     30  
            
Employer’s contributions to retirement benefit plans   1    1    2     1     1     1  
            
Benefits in kind, fringe benefits (at market value)   1    1    1     1     1     1  
            
Equity compensation benefits2   334   484   29  
Equity compensation benefits3   34     33     48  
            
Total   79    96    112     76     79     96  
            

1 During 2011, John Cryan, Oswald J. Grübel2012, Alexander Wilmot-Sitwell and Maureen MiskovicCarsten Kengeter stepped down from the GEB.22 Includes immediate and deferred cash. For 2012, incentive awards were entirely comprised of DCCP awards.3Expense Expenses for shares and options granted is measured at grant date and allocated over the vesting period, generally 3 years for options and 5 years for shares.3years. In 2011 and 2010, incentive awards include immediate and deferred cash.42012, equity compensation benefits were entirely comprised of EOP awards. In 2011 and 2010, equity compensation benefits includeincluded PEP, SEEOP and blocked shares due to applicable UK FSA regulations.

 

The independent members of the BoD do not have employment or service contracts with UBS, and thus are not entitled to benefits upon termination of their service on the BoD. Payments to these individuals

these individuals for their services as external board members amounted to CHF 7.6 million in 2012, CHF 7.0 million in 2011 and CHF 6.7 million in 2010 and CHF 6.4 million in 2009.2010.

 

 

b) Equity holdings

 

  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
Number of stock options from equity participation plans held by non-independent members of the BoD and the GEB members1   4,800,170     9,085,194     9,410,280     3,137,426     4,800,170     9,085,194  
                  
Number of shares held by members of the BoD, GEB and parties closely linked to them2   3,562,771     4,850,196     4,180,154     4,557,522     3,562,771     4,850,196  
                  

11Refer to “Note 3031 Equity participation and other compensation plans” for more information.22Excludes shares granted under variable compensation plans with forfeiture provisions.

 

Of the share totals above, as of5,597 shares on 31 December 2012, 31 December 2011 31 December 2010 and 31 December 2009, 5,597 shares, 5,597 shares and 0 shares2010, respectively, were held by close family members of key management personnel. No shares were held by entities whichthat are directly or indirectly controlled or jointly controlled by key management personnel

or their close family members

on 31 December 2011,2012, 31 December 20102011 and 31 December 2009.2010. Refer to “Note 3031 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in this section for more information. No member of the BoD or GEB is the beneficial owner of more than 1% of UBS AG’s shares aton 31 December 2011.2012.

 

391Financial information


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 3132 Related parties (continued)

 

 

c) Loans, advances and mortgages to key management personnel

 

 

Non-independent members of the BoD and GEB members have been granted loans, fixed advances and mortgages on the same terms and conditions that are available to other employees, based on terms and conditions granted to third parties but adjusted for

reduced credit risk.

Independent BoD members are granted loans and mortgages atunder general market conditions.

Movements in the loan, advances and mortgage balances are as follows:

 

 

Loans, advances and mortgages to key management personnel1

 

CHF million        2011       2010         2012       2011 
Balance at the beginning of the year   22    18     19    22  
      
Additions   0    8     5    0  
      
Reductions   (3  (4   (5  (3
      
Balance at the end of the year   192   22     19    192 
      

1  All loans are secured loans, except for CHF 311,308 in 2012 and CHF 45,435 in 2011.2   Includes a forgivable loan of CHF 3.3 million, that will be forgiven in three equal installments over the next three years, subject to the GEB member’s continued full timefull-time employment with UBS and hisa performance being satisfactory and commensurate with his responsibilities. The loan has been fully repaid in 2012, as the GEB member stepped down during the year.

d) Associated companies

 

All loans totransactions with associated companies are transactedconducted at arm’s length:

Loans toand receivables with associated companies

 

 

CHF million        2011       2010       2009         2012       2011       2010 
Balance at the beginning of the year   259    373    301     231    259    373  
      
Additions   3    2    295     251    3    2  
      
Reductions   (33  (118  (222   (32  (33  (118
      
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   0    0    (1   0    0    0  
      
Foreign currency translation   1    2    0     1    1    2  
      
Balance at the end of the year   231    259    373     450    231    259  
      

of which: unsecured loans

   28    39    42     276    28    39  
      

of which: allowances for credit losses

   1    1    1     1    1    1  
      

Other transactions with associated companies are transacted at arm’s length:

 

 

  As of or for the year ended 
CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09 
Payments to associates for goods and services received   131     139     130  
                
Fees received for services provided to associates   1     1     2  
                
Commitments and contingent liabilities to associates   9     68     156  
                

 

  As of or for the year ended 
CHF million  31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
Payments to associates for goods and services received   131     131     139  
                
Fees received for services provided to associates   0     1     1  
                
Commitments and contingent liabilities to associates   8     9     68  
                

Refer to “Note 3334 Significant subsidiaries and associates” for an overview of significant associates.

 

392439


Financial information

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 3132 Related parties (continued)

 

 

e) Other related party transactions

 

 

During 20112012 and 2010,2011, UBS entered into transactions at arm’s length with entities which are directly or indirectly controlled or jointly controlled by UBS’s key management personnel or their close family members. In 2012 and 2011, these entities included

H21 Macro Fund Ltd (Cayman

Islands) and Immo Heudorf AG (Switzerland). In 2010, UBS provided services for H21 Macro Fund Ltd (Cayman Islands). In 2009, UBS did not enter into any such transactions.

 

 

Other related party transactions

 

CHF million  2011 2010   2009   2012 2011 2010 
Balance at the beginning of the year   0    0     6     11    0    0  
         
Additions   15    0     0     1    15    0  
         
Reductions   (4  0     (6   0    4    0  
         
Balance at the end of the year1   11    0     0  
Balance at the end of the year   111   111   0  
         

1  In 2011 includes loans and guaranteesComprised of CHF 11 million and unused committed facilities of CHF 0 million but excludes unused uncommitted working capital facilities and unused guarantees of CHF 0 million.loans.

Other transactions with these related parties include:

 

CHF million  2011   2010   2009   2012   2011   2010 
Goods sold and services provided to UBS   0     0     0     0     0     0  
                  
Fees received for services provided by UBS   3     1     0     0     3     1  
                  

f) Additional information

 

 

UBS also engages in trading and risk management activities (e.g. swaps, options and forwards) with various related parties mentioned in previous sections. These transactions may give rise to credit risk either for UBS or for a related party towards UBS. As

part of its normal course of

business, UBS is also a market-maker in equity and debt instruments and at times may hold positions in instruments of related parties. These transactions are generally entered into on armsat arm’s length terms.

 

 

Note 3233 Events after the reporting period

 

AfterThere have been no material events after the issuance of the unaudited fourth quarter 2011 financial report on 7 February 2012, management adjusted the 2011 results to account for subsequent events. The net impact of these adjustments on net profit attributable to UBS shareholders was a loss of CHF 74 million,reporting period which decreased basic and diluted earnings per share by CHF 0.02.

The principal change arises due to an agreementwould require disclosure in principle that we entered into with a monoline insurer in March 2012 following discussions that commenced in December 2011. Under the agreement, if consummated, certain credit default swap contracts would be commuted in exchange for a net payment of cash. Based on these discussions, UBS has increased its credit valuation adjustments in respect of these derivative contracts, resulting in a reduction ofNet trading income in 2011 of CHF 167 million and a related tax benefit of CHF 28 million.

Other adjustments madeor adjustment to the income statement in 2011 increased net profit by CHF 65 million and included mutual fund fee income (credit of CHF 45 million in Wealth Management Americas), the amortization of debt issuance fees (credit of CHF 17 million in Corporate Center), a credit to personnel expenses of CHF 2 million (credit of CHF 17 million in the Investment Bank and CHF 15 million charge in Wealth Management Americas) and a net tax benefit of CHF 1 million in relation to these other adjustments.

On 22 February 2012, UBS issued USD 2 billion loss-absorbing subordinated tier 2 notes (the “Notes”) due in 2022. The Notes carry a

fixed annual coupon of 7.25% for the first five years, which will be reset at the initial credit spread of 606.1 bps plus the 5-year mid-market USD swap rate for the remaining 5 years. UBS has the option to redeem the Notes at the fifth anniversary, conditional on approval from the Swiss regulator, FINMA.

Under Basel III capital rules, the Notes increase our tier 2 capital and count towards the progressive capital component for systemically relevant institutions in Switzerland. Upon the occurrence of a defined trigger event, the Notes will be written down to zero and cancelled. The Notes will be classified as debt instruments issued and will be accounted for at amortized cost.

On 7 February 2012, UBS announced certain changes to its Swiss pension plan. The main changes, being the reduction in conversion rate on retirement and an increase to the regular retirement age, serve in part to offset the impact of the increased life expectancy reflected in the defined benefit obligation as at 31 December 2011. However, unlike the increase to the defined benefit obligation, which is largely deferred as unrecognized actuarial losses, the changes to the pension plan will result in a reduction to personnel expenses in first quarter 2012 of CHF 485 million and a reduction to unrecognized actuarial losses of CHF 245 million. If UBS were to early adopt IAS 19R, the full impact of CHF 730 million would be recognized as a reduction to personnel expenses for the year ended 31 December 2012.Financial Statements.

 

393


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 33 Significant subsidiaries and associates

Significant subsidiaries as of 31 December 2011

Company  Registered office  Business division1  Share capital
in million
  Equity interest
accumulated in %
 
APPIA General Partner S.à.r.l.  Luxembourg, Luxembourg  Global AM  EUR   0.0    60.0  
��                  
CCR Asset Management S.A.  Paris, France  Global AM  EUR   5.3    100.0  
                   
Fondcenter AG  Zurich, Switzerland  Global AM  CHF   0.1    100.0  
                   
ING Investment Management Limited  Sydney, Australia  Global AM  AUD   7.7    100.0  
                   
Luxembourg Financial Group A.G.  Luxembourg, Luxembourg  IB  EUR   2.1    100.0  
                   
Luxembourg Financial Group Asset Management S.A.  Luxembourg, Luxembourg  IB  EUR   0.2    100.0  
                   
OOO UBS Bank  Moscow, Russia  IB  RUB   3 450.0    100.0  
                   
PT UBS Securities Indonesia  Jakarta, Indonesia  IB  IDR   118 000.0    98.6  
                   
Topcard Service AG  Glattbrugg, Switzerland  WM&SB  CHF   0.2    100.0  
                   
Trumbull Property Growth & Income Fund GP LLC  Wilmington, Delaware, USA  Global AM  USD   0.3    100.0  
                   
UBS (Bahamas) Ltd.  Nassau, Bahamas  WM&SB  USD   4.0    100.0  
                   
UBS (France) S.A.  Paris, France  WM&SB  EUR   125.7    100.0  
                   
UBS (Grand Cayman) Limited  George Town, Cayman Islands  IB  USD   0.0    100.0  
                   
UBS (Italia) S.p.A.  Milan, Italy  WM&SB  EUR   60.0    100.0  
                   
UBS (Luxembourg) S.A.  Luxembourg, Luxembourg  WM&SB  CHF   150.0    100.0  
                   
UBS (Luxembourg) SA Austria Branch  Vienna, Austria  WM&SB  CHF   0.0    100.0  
                   
UBS (Monaco) S.A.  Monte Carlo, Monaco  WM&SB  EUR   9.2    100.0  
                   
UBS AFS Controlled Subsidiary 1 Ltd.  George Town, Cayman Islands  Global AM  USD   0.0    100.0  
                   
UBS AFS Controlled Subsidiary 2 Ltd  George Town, Cayman Islands  Global AM  USD   0.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Alternative and Quantitative Investments Limited  London, Great Britain  Global AM  GBP   0.3    100.0  
                   
UBS Alternative and Quantitative Investments LLC  Wilmington, Delaware, USA  Global AM  USD   0.1    100.0  
                   
UBS Americas Inc  Wilmington, Delaware, USA  IB  USD   0.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Asesores Mexico, S.A. de C.V.  México City, México  WM&SB  MXN   233.6    100.0  
                   
UBS Asesores SA  Panama, Panama  WM&SB  USD   0.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Bank (Canada)  Toronto, Canada  WMA  CAD   8.5    100.0  
                   
UBS Bank (Netherlands) B.V.  Amsterdam, the Netherlands  WM&SB  EUR   0.2    100.0  
                   
UBS Bank Mexico, S.A. Institucion de Banca Multiple, UBS Grupo Financiero  México City, México  IB  MXN   706.4    100.0  
                   
UBS Bank USA  Salt Lake City, Utah, USA  WMA  USD   1 880.02   100.0  
                   
UBS Bank, S.A.  Madrid, Spain  WM&SB  EUR   82.2    100.0  
                   
UBS Belgium SA / NV  Brussels, Belgium  WM&SB  EUR   28.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Brasil Administradora de Valores Mobiliarios Ltda  Säo Paulo, Brazil  WM&SB  BRL   46.5    100.0  
                   
UBS Capital Securities (Jersey) Limited  St. Helier, Jersey  CC  EUR   0.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Card Center AG  Glattbrugg, Switzerland  WM&SB  CHF   0.1    100.0  
                   
UBS Casa de Bolsa, S.A. de C.V.  México City, México  IB  MXN   114.9    100.0  
                   
UBS Commercial Mortgage Securitization Corp.  Wilmington, Delaware, USA  IB  USD   0.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Custody Services Singapore Pte. Ltd.  Singapore, Singapore  WM&SB  SGD   5.5    100.0  
                   
UBS Derivatives Hong Kong Limited  Hong Kong, China  IB  HKD   880.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Deutschland AG  Frankfurt am Main, Germany  WM&SB  EUR   176.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Fiduciaria S.p.A.  Milan, Italy  WM&SB  EUR   0.2    100.0  
                   
UBS Finance (Curação) N.V.  Willemstad, Netherlands Antilles  CC  USD   0.1    100.0  
                   
UBS Finance (Delaware) LLC  Wilmington, Delaware, USA  IB  USD   37.32   100.0  
                   
UBS Financial Services (Uruguay) Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada  Montevideo, Uruguay  WMA  UYU   0.1    100.0  
                   

1  WMA: Wealth Management Americas, WM&SB: Wealth Management & Swiss Bank, Global AM: Global Asset Management, IB: Investment Bank, CC: Corporate Center.  2  Share capital and share premium.

394440


Financial information

Note 34 Significant subsidiaries and associates

Significant subsidiaries as of 31 December 2012

Company  Registered office  Business division      Share capital
in million
  Equity interest
accumulated in %
 
CCR Asset Management SA  Paris, France  Global Asset Management  EUR   5.3    100.0  
                   
OOO UBS Bank  Moscow, Russia  Investment Bank  RUB   3,450.0    100.0  
                   
Swiss Finance Corporation (Mauritius) Limited  Port Louis, Mauritius  Investment Bank  USD   0.0    100.0  
                   
Topcard Service AG  Glattbrugg, Switzerland  Retail & Corporate  CHF   0.2    100.0  
                   
UBS (Bahamas) Ltd  Nassau, Bahamas  Wealth Management  USD   4.0    100.0  
                   
UBS (China) Limited1  Beijing, China  Investment Bank  CNY   2,000.0    100.0  
                   
UBS (France) SA  Paris, France  Wealth Management  EUR   125.7    100.0  
                   
UBS (Grand Cayman) Limited  George Town, Cayman Islands  Investment Bank  USD   0.0    100.0  
                   
UBS (Italia) SpA  Milan, Italy  Wealth Management  EUR   60.0    100.0  
                   
UBS (Luxembourg) SA  Luxembourg, Luxembourg  Wealth Management  CHF   150.0    100.0  
                   
UBS (Monaco) SA  Monte Carlo, Monaco  Wealth Management  EUR   9.2    100.0  
                   
UBS Alternative and Quantitative Investments LLC  Wilmington, Delaware, USA  Global Asset Management  USD   0.1    100.0  
                   
UBS Americas Inc.  Wilmington, Delaware, USA  Investment Bank  USD   0.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Asesores Mexico, S.A. de C.V.  Mexico City, Mexico  Wealth Management  MXN   303.6    100.0  
                   
UBS Bank (Canada)  Toronto, Canada  Wealth Management Americas  CAD   8.5    100.0  
                   
UBS Bank (Netherlands) B.V.  Amsterdam, Netherlands  Wealth Management  EUR   0.2    100.0  
                   

UBS Bank Mexico, S.A. Institucion de Banca Multiple,

UBS Grupo Financiero

  Mexico City, Mexico  Investment Bank  MXN   706.4    100.0  
                   
UBS Bank USA  Salt Lake City, USA  Wealth Management Americas  USD   1,880.02   100.0  
                   
UBS Bank, SA  Madrid, Spain  Wealth Management  EUR   82.2    100.0  
                   
UBS Belgium SA/NV  Brussels, Belgium  Wealth Management  EUR   28.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Beteiligungs-GmbH & Co. KG  Frankfurt, Germany  Wealth Management  EUR   568.8    100.0  
                   
UBS Brasil Administradora de Valores Mobiliarios Ltda  São Paulo, Brazil  Wealth Management  BRL   114.2    100.0  
                   
UBS Capital Securities (Jersey) Limited  St. Helier, Jersey  Corporate Center  EUR   0.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Card Center AG  Glattbrugg, Switzerland  Retail & Corporate  CHF   0.1    100.0  
                   
UBS Casa de Bolsa, S.A. de C.V., UBS Grupo Financiero  Mexico City, Mexico  Investment Bank  MXN   114.9    100.0  
                   
UBS Derivatives Hong Kong Limited  Hong Kong, China  Investment Bank  HKD   880.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Deutschland AG  Frankfurt, Germany  Wealth Management  EUR   176.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Finance (Curaçao) NV  Willemstad, Curaçao  Corporate Center  USD   0.1    100.0  
                   
UBS Finance (Delaware) LLC  Wilmington, Delaware, USA  Investment Bank  USD   37.32   100.0  
                   
UBS Financial Services Inc.  Wilmington, Delaware, USA  Wealth Management Americas  USD   4,522.52   100.0  
                   
UBS Financial Services Incorporated of Puerto Rico  San Juan, Puerto Rico  Wealth Management Americas  USD   31.02   100.0  
                   
UBS Fund Advisor, L.L.C.  Wilmington, Delaware, USA  Wealth Management Americas  USD   0.02   100.0  
                   
UBS Fund Management (Luxembourg) SA  Luxembourg, Luxembourg  Global Asset Management  EUR   10.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Fund Management (Switzerland) AG  Basel, Switzerland  Global Asset Management  CHF   1.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Fund Services (Cayman) Ltd  George Town, Cayman Islands  Global Asset Management  USD   5.6    100.0  
                   
UBS Fund Services (Luxembourg) SA  Luxembourg, Luxembourg  Global Asset Management  CHF   2.5    100.0  
                   
UBS Futures Singapore Ltd  Singapore, Singapore  Investment Bank  USD   39.82   100.0  
                   
UBS Global Asset Management (Americas) Inc.  Wilmington, Delaware, USA  Global Asset Management  USD   0.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Global Asset Management (Australia) Ltd  Sydney, Australia  Global Asset Management  AUD   19.9    100.0  
                   
UBS Global Asset Management (Canada) Inc.  Toronto, Canada  Global Asset Management  CAD   117.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Global Asset Management (Japan) Ltd  Tokyo, Japan  Global Asset Management  JPY   2,200.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Global Asset Management (Singapore) Ltd  Singapore, Singapore  Global Asset Management  SGD   4.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Global Asset Management (UK) Ltd  London, United Kingdom  Global Asset Management  GBP   125.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Global Asset Management Holding Ltd  London, United Kingdom  Global Asset Management  GBP   151.4    100.0  
                   
UBS Global Life AG  Vaduz, Liechtenstein  Wealth Management  CHF   5.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Grupo Financiero, S.A. de C.V.  Mexico City, Mexico  Investment Bank  MXN   918.8    100.0  
                   
UBS Hana Asset Management Company Ltd  Seoul, South Korea  Global Asset Management  KRW   45,000.0    51.0  
                   
UBS Holding (France) SA  Paris, France  Investment Bank  EUR   418.9    100.0  
                   

1Incorporated in 2012.  2Share capital and share premium.

441


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 3334 Significant subsidiaries and associates (continued)

 

 

Significant subsidiaries as of 31 December 2011 (continued)2012

 

Company Registered office Business division1    Share capital
in million
  Equity interest
accumulated in %
 
UBS Financial Services Inc. Wilmington, Delaware, USA WMA USD  4,172.52   100.0  
               
UBS Financial Services Incorporated of Puerto Rico Hato Rey, Puerto Rico WMA USD  31.02   100.0  
               
UBS Fund Advisor, L.L.C. Wilmington, Delaware, USA WMA USD  0.02   100.0  
               
UBS Fund Management (Luxembourg) SA Luxembourg, Luxembourg Global AM EUR  10.0    100.0  
               
UBS Fund Management (Switzerland) AG Basel, Switzerland Global AM CHF  1.0    100.0  
               
UBS Fund Services (Cayman) Ltd George Town, Cayman Islands Global AM USD  5.6    100.0  
               
UBS Fund Services (Ireland) Limited Dublin, Ireland Global AM EUR  1.3    100.0  
               
UBS Fund Services (Luxembourg) S.A. Luxembourg, Luxembourg Global AM CHF  2.5    100.0  
               
UBS Funds Australia Limited Sydney, Australia IB AUD  5.0    100.0  
               
UBS Futures Singapore Ltd. Singapore, Singapore IB USD  39.82   100.0  
               
UBS Global Asset Management (Americas) Inc Wilmington, Delaware, USA Global AM USD  0.0    100.0  
               
UBS Global Asset Management (Australia) Ltd Sydney, Australia Global AM AUD  40.0    100.0  
               
UBS Global Asset Management (Canada) Inc Toronto, Canada Global AM CAD  117.0    100.0  
               
UBS Global Asset Management (China) Limited Beijing, China Global AM CNY  20.5    100.0  
               
UBS Global Asset Management (Deutschland) GmbH Frankfurt am Main, Germany Global AM EUR  7.7    100.0  
               
UBS Global Asset Management (Hong Kong) Limited Hong Kong, China Global AM HKD  25.0    100.0  
               
UBS Global Asset Management (Italia) SGR SpA Milan, Italy Global AM EUR  5.1    100.0  
               
UBS Global Asset Management (Japan) Ltd Tokyo, Japan Global AM JPY  2,200.0    100.0  
               
UBS Global Asset Management (Singapore) Ltd Singapore, Singapore Global AM SGD  4.0    100.0  
               
UBS Global Asset Management (Taiwan) Ltd Taipei, Taiwan Global AM TWD  340.0    100.0  
               
UBS Global Asset Management (UK) Ltd London, Great Britain Global AM GBP  125.0    100.0  
               
UBS Global Asset Management (US) Inc Wilmington, Delaware, USA Global AM USD  17.22   100.0  
               
UBS Global Asset Management Funds Ltd London, Great Britain Global AM GBP  26.0    100.0  
               
UBS Global Asset Management Holding Ltd London, Great Britain Global AM GBP  151.4    100.0  
               
UBS Global Asset Management Life Ltd London, Great Britain Global AM GBP  15.0    100.0  
               
UBS Global Life AG Vaduz, Liechtenstein WM&SB CHF  5.0    100.0  
               
UBS Global Trust Corporation St. John, Canada WM&SB CAD  0.1    100.0  
               
UBS Hana Asset Management Company Ltd Seoul, South Korea Global AM KRW  45,000.0    51.0  
               
UBS Hypotheken AG Zurich, Switzerland WM&SB CHF  0.1    98.0  
               
UBS International Holdings B.V. Amsterdam, the Netherlands CC EUR  6.8    100.0  
               
UBS International Hong Kong Limited Hong Kong, China WMA USD  1.7    100.0  
               
UBS International Life Limited Dublin, Ireland WM&SB EUR  1.0    100.0  
               
UBS Investment Management Canada Inc. Toronto, Canada WMA CAD  0.0    100.0  
               
UBS Italia SIM SpA Milan, Italy IB EUR  15.1    100.0  
               
UBS Leasing AG Zurich, Switzerland WM&SB CHF  10.0    100.0  
               
UBS Life AG Zurich, Switzerland WM&SB CHF  25.0    100.0  
               
UBS Life Insurance Company USA Sacramento, California, USA WMA USD  39.32   100.0  
               
UBS Limited London, Great Britain IB GBP  153.7    100.0  
               
UBS Loan Finance LLC Wilmington, Delaware, USA IB USD  16.72   100.0  
               
UBS Menkul Degerler AS Istanbul, Turkey IB TRY  30.0    100.0  
               
UBS New Zealand Limited Auckland, New Zealand IB NZD  7.5    100.0  
               
UBS O’Connor Limited London, Great Britain Global AM GBP  8.8    100.0  
               
UBS O’Connor LLC Dover, Delaware, USA Global AM USD  1.0    100.0  
               
UBS Preferred Funding (Jersey) Limited St. Helier, Jersey CC EUR  0.0    100.0  
               
UBS Preferred Funding Company LLC IV Wilmington, Delaware, USA CC USD  0.0    100.0  
               
UBS Preferred Funding Company LLC V Wilmington, Delaware, USA CC USD  0.0    100.0  
               
UBS Private Equity Komplementär GmbH Bad Homburg, Germany WM&SB EUR  0.0    100.0  
               
UBS Real Estate Kapitalanlagegesellschaft mbH Munich, Germany Global AM EUR  7.5    94.9  
               
Company Registered office Business division     Share capital
in million
  Equity interest
accumulated in %
UBS Hypotheken AG Zurich, Switzerland Retail & Corporate  CHF    0.1   98.0
               
UBS International Holdings B.V. Amsterdam, Netherlands Corporate Center  EUR    6.8   100.0
               
UBS International Life Limited Dublin, Ireland Wealth Management  EUR    1.0   100.0
               
UBS Italia SIM SpA Milan, Italy Investment Bank  EUR    15.1   100.0
               
UBS Life AG Zurich, Switzerland Wealth Management  CHF    25.0   100.0
               
UBS Limited London, United Kingdom Investment Bank  GBP    193.6   100.0
               
UBS Loan Finance LLC Wilmington, Delaware, USA Investment Bank  USD    16.72  100.0
               
UBS O’Connor LLC Dover, Delaware, USA Global Asset Management  USD    1.0   100.0
               
UBS Preferred Funding (Jersey) Limited St. Helier, Jersey Corporate Center  EUR    0.0   100.0
               
UBS Preferred Funding Company LLC IV Wilmington, Delaware, USA Corporate Center  USD    0.0   100.0
               
UBS Preferred Funding Company LLC V Wilmington, Delaware, USA Corporate Center  USD    0.0   100.0
               
UBS Real Estate Kapitalanlagegesellschaft mbH Munich, Germany Global Asset Management  EUR    7.5   94.9
               
UBS Real Estate Securities Inc. Wilmington, Delaware, USA Investment Bank  USD    1,300.42  100.0
               
UBS Realty Investors LLC Boston, Massachusetts, USA Global Asset Management  USD    9.0   100.0
               
UBS Securities (Thailand) Ltd Bangkok, Thailand Investment Bank  THB    500.0   100.0
               
UBS Securities Australia Ltd Sydney, Australia Investment Bank  AUD    209.82  100.0
               
UBS Securities Canada Inc. Toronto, Canada Investment Bank  CAD    10.0   100.0
               
UBS Securities España Sociedad de Valores SA Madrid, Spain Investment Bank  EUR    15.0   100.0
               
UBS Securities France SA Paris, France Investment Bank  EUR    22.9   100.0
               
UBS Securities Hong Kong Limited Hong Kong, China Investment Bank  HKD    430.0   100.0
               
UBS Securities India Private Limited Mumbai, India Investment Bank  INR    140.0   100.0
               
UBS Securities Japan Co., Ltd Tokyo, Japan Investment Bank  JPY    74,450.0   100.0
               
UBS Securities LLC Wilmington, Delaware, USA Investment Bank  USD    22,205.62  100.0
               
UBS Securities Pte. Ltd Singapore, Singapore Investment Bank  SGD    311.5   100.0
               
UBS Securities Pte. Ltd Seoul Branch Seoul, South Korea Investment Bank  KRW    0.0   100.0
               
UBS Securities Pte. Ltd Taipei Branch Taipei, Taiwan Investment Bank  TWD    0.0   100.0
               
UBS Service Centre (Poland) Sp. z o.o. Zabierzow, Poland Corporate Center  PLN    1.4   100.0
               
UBS South Africa (Proprietary) Limited Sandton, South Africa Investment Bank  ZAR    0.0   100.0
               
UBS Swiss Financial Advisers AG Zurich, Switzerland Wealth Management  CHF    1.5   100.0
               
UBS Trust Company of Puerto Rico Hato Rey, Puerto Rico Wealth Management Americas  USD    0.1   100.0
               
UBS UK Properties Limited London, United Kingdom Investment Bank  GBP    132.0   100.0
               
UBS Wealth Management Australia Ltd Sydney, Australia Wealth Management  AUD    53.9   100.0
               

1  Incorporated in 2012.  2  Share capital and share premium.

Significant subsidiaries deconsolidated during 2012

Significant deconsolidated companies Registered office            Reason for deconsolidation
UBS Leasing AG Zurich, Switzerland    Merger with UBS AG
               

Significant associates as of 31 December 2012

Company Registered office Industry         Equity interest in %
SIX Group AG1 Zurich, Switzerland Financial   17.3
               
UBS Securities Co. Limited1 Beijing, China Financial   20.0
               

1WMA: Wealth Management Americas, WM&SB: Wealth Management & Swiss Bank, Global AM: Global Asset Management, IB: Investment Bank, CC: Corporate Center.  2  Share capital and share premium.UBS is represented on the Board of Directors.

 

395


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 33 Significant subsidiaries and associates (continued)

Significant subsidiaries as of 31 December 2011 (continued)

Company  Registered office  Business division1      Share capital
in million
  Equity interest
accumulated in %
 
UBS Real Estate Securities Inc  Wilmington, Delaware, USA  IB  USD   1 300.42   100.0  
                   
UBS Realty Investors LLC  Boston, Massachusetts, USA  Global AM  USD   9.3    100.0  
                   
UBS Saudi Arabia  Riyadh, Saudi Arabia  IB  SAR   110.0    73.0  
                   
UBS Securities (Thailand) Ltd  Bangkok, Thailand  IB  THB   500.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Securities Asia Limited  Hong Kong, China  IB  HKD   20.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Securities Australia Ltd  Sydney, Australia  IB  AUD   209.82   100.0  
                   
UBS Securities Canada Inc  Toronto, Canada  IB  CAD   10.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Securities España Sociedad de Valores SA  Madrid, Spain  IB  EUR   15.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Securities France S.A.  Paris, France  IB  EUR   22.9    100.0  
                   
UBS Securities Hong Kong Limited  Hong Kong, China  IB  HKD   430.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Securities India Private Limited  Mumbai, India  IB  INR   140.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Securities International Limited  London, Great Britain  IB  GBP   18.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Securities Israel Limited  Herzliya Pituach, Israel  IB  ILS   0.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Securities Japan Ltd  George Town, Cayman Islands  IB  JPY   60 000.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Securities Japan Preparation Co., Ltd.  Tokyo, Japan  IB  JPY   8 505.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Securities LLC  Wilmington, Delaware, USA  IB  USD   22 205.62   100.0  
                   
UBS Securities Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.  Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia  IB  MYR   80.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Securities Philippines Inc  Makati City, Philippines  IB  PHP   190.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Securities Pte. Ltd.  Singapore, Singapore  IB  SGD   311.5    100.0  
                   
UBS Securities Pte. Ltd. Seoul Branch  Seoul, South Korea  IB  KRW   150 000.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Service Centre (Poland) Sp. z o.o.  Krakow, Poland  CC  PLN   1.4    100.0  
                   
UBS South Africa (Proprietary) Limited  Sandton, South Africa  IB  ZAR   0.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Swiss Financial Advisers AG  Zurich, Switzerland  WM&SB  CHF   1.5    100.0  
                   
UBS Trust Company National Association  Wilmington, Delaware, USA  WMA  USD   55.02   100.0  
                   
UBS Trustees (Bahamas) Ltd  Nassau, Bahamas  WM&SB  USD   2.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Trustees (Cayman) Ltd  George Town, Cayman Islands  WM&SB  USD   2.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Trustees (Jersey) Ltd.  St. Helier, Jersey  WM&SB  GBP   0.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Trustees (Singapore) Ltd  Singapore, Singapore  WM&SB  SGD   3.3    100.0  
                   
UBS UK Properties Limited  London, Great Britain  IB  GBP   132.0    100.0  
                   
UBS Wealth Management Australia Ltd  Sydney, Australia  WM&SB  AUD   53.9    100.0  
                   
UBS Wealth Management Israel Ltd  Herzliya Pituach, Israel  WM&SB  ILS   3.5    100.0  
                   

1WMA: Wealth Management Americas, WM&SB: Wealth Management & Swiss Bank, Global AM: Global Asset Management, IB: Investment Bank, CC: Corporate Center  2  Share capital and share premium.

396442


Financial information

Note 33 Significant subsidiaries and associates (continued)

 

Changes in the consolidation scope 2011

New significant, fully consolidated companies  Registered office  Business division1       Share capital
in million
   Equity interest
accumulated in %
 
APPIA General Partner S.à.r.l.  Luxembourg, Luxembourg  Global AM   EUR     0.0     60.0  
                      
ING Investment Management Limited  Sydney, Australia  Global AM   AUD     7.7     100.0  
                      
Luxembourg Financial Group A.G.  Luxembourg, Luxembourg  IB   EUR     2.1     100.0  
                      
Luxembourg Financial Group Asset Management S.A.  Luxembourg, Luxembourg  IB   EUR     0.2     100.0  
                      
Trumbull Property Growth & Income Fund GP LLC  Wilmington, Delaware, USA  Global AM   USD     0.3     100.0  
                      
UBS AFS Controlled Subsidiary 1 Ltd.  George Town, Cayman Islands  Global AM   USD     0.0     100.0  
                      
UBS AFS Controlled Subsidiary 2 Ltd.  George Town, Cayman Islands  Global AM   USD     0.0     100.0  
                      
UBS Commercial Mortgage Securitization Corp.  Wilmington, Delaware, USA  IB   USD     0.0     100.0  
                      
UBS Financial Services (Uruguay) Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada  Montevideo, Uruguay  WMA  ��UYU     0.1     100.0  
                      
UBS Funds Australia Limited – Sydney, Australia  Sydney, Australia  IB   AUD     5.0     100.0  
                      
UBS Global Asset Management (China) Limited  Beijing, China  Global AM   CNY     0.0     100.0  
                      
UBS Securities Japan Preparation Co., Ltd.  Tokyo, Japan  IB   JPY     8 505.0     100.0  
                      

1 WMA: Wealth Management Americas, Global AM: Global Asset Management, IB: Investment Bank.

  
Significant deconsolidated companies  Registered office                Reason for deconsolidation 
UBS Fund Services (Luxembourg) S.A. Poland Branch  Zabierzow, Polen         Liquidated  
                      
UBS Preferred Funding Company LLC II  Wilmington, Delaware, USA         Liquidated  
                      

Significant associates as of 31 December 2011

 
Company  Registered office  Industry            Equity interest in % 
SIX Group AG1  Zurich, Switzerland  Financial       17.3  
                      
UBS Securities Co. Limited  Beijing, China  Financial       20.0  
                      

1  UBS is represented in the Board of Directors.

Note 3435 Invested assets and net new money

 

 

Invested assets

Invested assets include all client assets managed by or deposited with UBS for investment purposes. Invested assets include managed fund assets, managed institutional assets, discretionary and advisory wealth management portfolios, fiduciary deposits, time deposits, savings accounts and wealth management securities or brokerage accounts. All assets held for purely transactional purposes and custody-only assets, including corporate client assets held for cash management and transactional purposes, are excluded from invested assets as the Group only administers the assets and does not offer advice on how the assets should be invested. Also excluded are non-bankable assets (e.g. art collections) and deposits from third-party banks for funding or trading purposes. In the first quarter 2012, the definition of invested assets for Retail & Corporate was refined and hence pension fund assets are no longer counted as invested assets. Accordingly, the Group’s invested assets were restated as of 31 December 2011 from CHF 2,167 billion to CHF 2,088 billion.

Discretionary assets are defined as client assets whichthat UBS decides how to invest. Other invested assets are those where the client ultimately decides how the assets are invested. When a single product is created in one business division and sold in another, it is counted in both the business division that manages the investment and the one that distributes it. This results in double counting within UBS total invested assets, as both business divisions are providing a service independently to their respective clients, and both add value and generate revenue.

Net new money

Net new money in a reporting period is the amount of invested assets that are entrusted to UBS by new and existing clients, less those withdrawn by existing clients and clients who terminated their relationship with UBS.

Net new money is calculated using the direct method, byunder which inflows and outflows to/to / from invested assets are determined at the client level based on transactions. Interest and dividend income from invested assets isare not counted as net new money inflow.inflows. Market and currency movements as well as fees, commissions and interest on loans charged are excluded from net new money, as are the effects resulting from any acquisition or divestment of a UBS subsidiary or business. Reclassifications between invested assets and custody-only assets as a result of a change in the service level delivered are generally treated as net new money flows.flows; however, where such change in service level directly results from a new externally-imposed regulation, the one-time net effect of the implementation is reported as an asset reclassification without net new money impact.

The Investment Bank does not track invested assets and net new money. However, when a client is transferred from the Investment Bank to another business division, this produces net new money even though client assets were already with UBS. Net new money for 2010 included inflows of CHF 3.7 billion resulting from such transfers of Investment Bank clients to Wealth Management, as part of the Global Family Office initiative, compared withbetween business divisions was zero in 2012 and 2011.

 

 

 

  As of or for the year ended 
CHF billion  31.12.12    31.12.11  
Fund assets managed by UBS   270      270   
           
Discretionary assets   635      585   
           
Other invested assets   1,325      1,233   
           
Total invested assets (double counts included)   2,230      2,088   
           

of which: double count

   172      183   
           

of which: acquisitions (divestments)

   (13.8)     24.6   
           
Net new money (double counts included)   32.9      40.4   
           

397


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 34 Invested assets and net new money (continued)

 

 

  As of or for the year ended 
CHF billion  31.12.11   31.12.10 
Fund assets managed by UBS   270     282  
           
Discretionary assets   619     596  
           
Other invested assets   1,278     1,274  
           
Total invested assets (double counts included)   2,167     2,152  
           

of which: double count

   216     225  
           

of which: acquisitions (divestments)

   24.6     0.0  
           
Net new money (double counts included)   42.4     (14.3
           

Note 3536 Business combinations

 

Business combinations in 2012

In 2012, no significant business combinations were completed.

Business combinations completed in 2011

In 2011, UBS completed acquisitions in Global Asset Management and in the equities business of the Investment Bank. The aggregated acquisition costs of these two acquisitions amounted to approximately CHF 54 million of which CHF 11 million related

to goodwill, CHF 20 million to intangible assets, and CHF 23 million to other net assets. Intangible assets from both business acquisitions included customer relationships and beneficial contracts. The aggregated acquisition costs included cash payments of CHF 44 million and contingent consideration of CHF 10 million, including CHF 8 million in restricted UBS AG shares.

Business combinations in 2010

In 2010, no significant business combinations were completed.

Business combinations completed in 2009

Acquisition of the commodity index business of AIG Financial Products Corp.

In May 2009, UBS completed the acquisition of the commodity index business of AIG Financial Products Corp., including AIG’s rights to the DJ-AIG Commodity index. This commodity index business comprises a product platform of commodity index swaps and funded notes based on the benchmark Dow Jones-AIG Commodity Index (DJ-AIGCI). The cost of the business combination, including directly attributable transaction costs, amounted to CHF 74 million (USD 65 million) of which CHF 17 million (USD 15 million) was paid in cash upon closing. The remaining payments, based upon future earnings of the purchased business, were made in 2010. The cost of the business combination was allocated to Intangible assets of CHF 40 million (USD 35 million) and Goodwill of CHF 34 million (USD 30 million). The business of AIG was integrated into UBS’s Investment Bank.

 

 

Note 36 Discontinued operations37 Changes in organization

 

2011Net restructuring charges by business division and Corporate Center

In 2011, there were no discontinued operations.

 

  For the year ended 
CHF million  31.12.12  31.12.11   31.12.10  
Wealth Management   26    82     (9)  
               
Wealth Management Americas   (1  10     162   
               
Investment Bank   331    216     (25)  
               
Global Asset Management   20    26       
               
Retail & Corporate   3    32     (3)  
               
Corporate Center   (8  15     (13)  
               
Total net restructuring charges   371    380     113   
               

of which: personnel expenses

   358    261     (2)  
               

of which: general and administrative expenses

   0    93     79   
               

of which: depreciation and impairment of property and equipment

   14    26     37   
               

2010Net restructuring charges by personnel expense category

In 2010, private equity investments sold in prior years contributed a subsequent gain of CHF 2 million to UBS’s net profit from discontinued operations.

 

  For the year ended 
CHF million  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.10 
Salaries   64    31    0  
              
Variable compensation – performance awards   115    54    3  
              
Variable compensation – other   247    122    (10
              
Contractors   0    0    0  
              
Social security   (10  20    1  
              
Pension and other post-employment benefit plans   (56  30    0  
              
Wealth Management Americas: Financial advisor compensation   0    (1  2  
              
Other personnel expenses   (1  6    2  
              
Total net restructuring charges: personnel expenses   358    261    (2
              

2009

In 2009, private equity investments sold in prior years contributed a subsequent loss of CHF 7 million to UBS’s net profit from discontinued operations.

398


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated Financial statements

 

Note 37 Reorganizations and disposals

Restructuring 2011

In 2011, we recognized restructuring charges of CHF 403 million associated with our cost reduction program. These charges reflect costs related to both personnel and real estate. Further, 2011 includes restructuring charges of CHF 7 million in Global Asset Management

related to the ING Investment Management business acquisition and the reversal of prior restructuring-related provisions of CHF 30 million (whereof CHF 10 million in the Investment Bank, CHF 9 million in Wealth Management Americas, CHF 8 million in the Corporate Center, CHF 2 million in Wealth Management and CHF 1 million in Global Asset Management). The table below shows the detailed breakdown of restructuring charges booked in 2011.

 

  Wealth Management &
Swiss Bank
   Wealth
Management
Americas
   Global Asset
Management
   Investment
Bank
   Corporate
Center
   UBS 
CHF million  Wealth
Management
   Retail &
Corporate
      
For the year ended 31 December 2011              
                                    
Personnel expenses   64     29     5     19     143     2     261  
                                    
General and administrative expenses1   16     3     2     6     55     12     93  
                                    
Depreciation of property and equipment2   2     0     2     1     18     1     26  
                                    
Total   82     32     10     26     216     15     380  
                                    

1  Mainly reflecting real estate related provisions for onerous leases.  2  Reflecting the impairment of real estate assets.

Note 38 Currency translation rates

 

The following table shows the rates of the main currencies used to translate the financial information of our foreign operations into Swiss francs:

 

  Spot rate   Average rate1   Spot rate   Average rate1 

  As of   Year ended   As of   Year ended 
  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
1 USD   0.94     0.93     0.88     1.04     1.08     0.92     0.94     0.92     0.88     1.04  
                              
1 EUR   1.21     1.25     1.23     1.37     1.51     1.21     1.21     1.21     1.23     1.37  
                              
1 GBP   1.46     1.46     1.45     1.62     1.70     1.49     1.46     1.50     1.45     1.62  
                              
100 JPY   1.22     1.15     1.11     1.18     1.16     1.05     1.22     1.07     1.11     1.18  
                              

1  Monthly income statement items of foreign operations with a functional currency other than Swiss franc are translated with month-end rates into Swiss franc.francs. Disclosed average rates for a year represent an average of twelve month-end rates, weighted according to the income and expense volumes of all foreign operations of the Group with the same functional currency for each month.

399


Financial information

Notes to Weighted average rates for individual business divisions may deviate from the consolidated financial statements

weighted average rates for the Group.

Note 39 Swiss banking law requirements

 

 

The consolidated Financial Statements of UBS are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The Guidelines of the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) requirerequires banks which present their financial statements under IFRS to provide a narrative explanation of the main differences between IFRS and Swiss GAAP (FINMA circular 08/2)Circular 2008 / 2 and the Banking Ordinance.Ordinance). Included in this note are the significant differences in regard to recognition and measurement between IFRS and the provisions of the Banking Ordinance and the Guidelinesguidelines of the FINMA governing financial statement reporting pursuant to Article 23 through Article 27 of the Banking Ordinance. The differences outlined in points two through nineeleven also apply to the Parent Bank statutory accounts.

1. Consolidation

Under IFRS, all entities which are controlled by the Group are consolidated.

Under Swiss law, only entities that are active in the field of banking and finance and real estate entities are subject to consolidation. Entities which are held temporarily are generally recorded as financial investments.

2. Financial investments available-for-sale

Under IFRS, Financialfinancial investments available-for-sale are carried at fair value. Changes in fair value are recorded directly in equity until an investment is sold, collected or otherwise disposed of, or until an investment is determined to be impaired. At the time an available-for-sale investment is determined to be impaired, the cumulative unrealized loss previously recognized in equity is included in net profit or loss for the period. On disposal of a financial investment available-for-sale, the cumulative unrecognized gain or loss previously recognized in equity is recognized in the income statement.

Under Swiss law, financial investments are carried either at the lower of cost or market or at amortized cost less impairment with changes in measurement recorded in the income statement. Reductions to market value below cost and reversals of such reductions up to original cost as well as gains and losses on disposal are included inOther income.income. Permanent equity investments are classified on the balance sheet asInvestments in subsidiaries and other participations and are measured at cost less impairment with impairment losses recorded in the income statement.

3. Cash flow hedges

The Group usesdesignates derivative instruments toin cash flow hedge the exposure from varying cash flows.accounting relationships. Under IFRS, when hedge accounting is applied, the fair value gain or loss on the effective portion of the derivative designated as a cash flow hedge is recognized in equity. When the

hedged cash flows materialize, the accumulated unrecognized gain or loss is realized and releasedreclassified to income.

Under Swiss law, the effective portion of the fair value change of the derivative instrument used to hedge cash flow exposures is deferred on the balance sheet as otherOther assets or other liabilities.Other liabilities. The deferred amounts are released to income when the hedged cash flows materialize.

4. Investment property

Under IFRS, investment property is carried at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in the income statement.

Under Swiss law, unless the investment property is classified as held for sale, investment property is carried at amortized cost less any accumulated depreciation lessand impairment losses unless the investment property is classified as held for sale.losses. Investment property classified as held for sale is carried at the lower of cost or market.market value.

Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 39 Swiss banking law requirements (continued)

5. Fair value option

Under IFRS, the Group applies the fair value option to certain financial assets and financial liabilities, mainly to hybrid debt instruments.liabilities. Instruments for which the fair value option is applied are accounted for at fair value with changes in fair value reflected inNet trading income.income Furthermore, UBS designated. The fair value option is applied primarily to hybrid debt instruments, certain loans and loan commitments and certain fund investments as financial assets designated at fair value through profit and loss.investments.

Under Swiss accounting rules, the fair value option is not available except for issuedcan only be applied to structured products issued that consist of a debt host contract and a bifurcatablean embedded derivative(s). However, changes that requires bifurcation. Changes in fair value attributable to changes in own credit are not recognized in the income statement.

6. Goodwill and intangible assets

Under IFRS, goodwill acquired in a business combination is not amortized but tested annually for impairment. Intangible assets acquired in a business combination with an indefinite useful life are also not amortized but tested annually for impairment.

Under Swiss law, goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are amortized over a period not exceeding five years, unless a longer useful life, which may not exceed twenty years, can be justified.

7. Discontinued operationsPension funds

Under certain conditions,Swiss law permits the use of IFRS or Swiss accounting standards for pension funds, with the election made on a plan by plan basis. UBS applies IFRS for its non-Swiss defined benefit plans and Swiss accounting standards (FER 16) for the Swiss pension plan in the Parent Bank. The requirements of FER 16 are better aligned with the specific nature of Swiss pension plans, which are hybrid in that they combine elements of defined contribution and defined benefit plans, but are treated as defined benefit plans under IFRS. Key differences between FER 16 / 26 and IAS 19R relate to the treatment of future salary increases, which are not considered under FER 16 / 26, and the determination of the discount rate.

For defined benefit plans, IFRS requires the full defined benefit obligation net of the plan assets to be recorded on the balance sheet, with changes resulting from remeasurements recognized directly in equity. For plans for which IFRS is elected, Swiss law requires that non-current assets or disposal groups be classified as held for sale. Disposal groups that meet the criteria of discontinued operationschanges due to remeasurements are presentedrecognized in the income statementstatement.

Swiss accounting standards require that employer contributions to the pension fund are recognized as personnel expenses in a single line as net income from discontinued operations.

400


Financial information

Note 39the income statement. Further, FER 16 requires an assessment as to whether, based on the financial statements of the pension fund prepared in accordance with Swiss banking law requirements (continued)

Under Swiss law,accounting standards (FER 26), an economic benefit or obligation for the conceptemployer arises from the pension fund and is recognized in the balance sheet when conditions are met. Conditions for recording a pension asset or liability would be met if, for example, an employer contribution reserve is available or the employer is required to contribute to the reduction of discontinued operations does not exist, therefore no such reclassification takes place.a pension deficit (on a FER 26 basis).

8. Extraordinary income and expense

Certain items of income and expense are classified as extraordinary items under Swiss law, whereas in the Group Income Statement the amounts are classified as operating income or expense or are included in net profit from discontinued operations, if required.

9. Netting of replacement values

Under IFRS, replacement values are reported on a gross basis unless certain restrictive requirements are met. Under Swiss law, replacement values and the related cash collateral are reported on a net basis, provided the master netting and the related collateral agreements are legally enforceable.

9. Restructuring provisions

Swiss law requires that a provision for restructuring costs be recognized when the governing body has authorized a plan for the direction, supervision and control of restructuring measures. For IFRS, in addition to a detailed formal plan for the restructuring, a provision for restructuring costs is recognized only when the entity also has raised a valid expectation in those affected that it will carry out the restructuring by starting to implement the plan or announcing its main features to those affected by it. Accordingly, recognition of a provision for restructuring may occur earlier under Swiss GAAP than under IFRS.

10. Discontinued operations

Under certain conditions, IFRS requires that non-current assets or disposal groups be classified as held for sale. Disposal groups that meet the criteria of discontinued operations are presented in the income statement in a single line as net income from discontinued operations.

Under Swiss law, the concept of discontinued operations does not exist, therefore no such reclassification takes place.

11. Extraordinary income and expense

Certain items of non-recurring and non-operating income and expense are classified as extraordinary items under Swiss law. This distinction is not available under IFRS.

 

401Financial information


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

 

Note 40 Supplemental guarantor information required under SEC rules

 

 

Guarantee of PaineWebber securities

Following the acquisition of Paine Webber Group Inc. (“PaineWebber”)(PaineWebber), UBS AG entered into a full and unconditional guarantee of the senior andnotes, the subordinated notes and the trust preferred securities (“Debt Securities”) of PaineWebber. Prior to the acquisition, PaineWebber was a SEC registrant. Upon the acquisition, PaineWebber was merged into UBS Americas Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of UBS AG.

Under the guarantee, if UBS Americas Inc. fails to make any

timely payment under the Debt Securities agreements, the holders of the Debt Securities or the Debt Securities trustee may demand payment from UBS AG without first proceeding against UBS Americas Inc. UBS AG’s obligations under the subordinated note guarantee are subordinated to the prior payment in full of the deposit liabilities of UBS AG and all other liabilities of UBS-AG.UBS AG.

The information presented in this note is prepared in accordance with IFRS and should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statementsconsolidated financial statements of UBS of which this information is a part.

 

 

Supplemental guarantor consolidated income statement

 

CHF million

For the year ended 31 December 2011

  UBS
AG Parent  Bank1
 UBS
Americas Inc.
 Subsidiaries Consolidating
entries
 UBS
Group
 

CHF million

For the year ended 31 December 2012

  

UBS

AG (Parent Bank)1

 UBS
Americas Inc.
 Other
subsidiaries
 Consolidating
entries
 UBS
Group
 
Operating income            
      
Interest income   15,311    2,910    2,952    (3,203  17,969     13,376    2,774    2,153    (2,336  15,968  
      
Interest expense   (10,854  (1,102  (2,391  3,203    (11,143   (9,615  (1,153  (1,542  2,336    (9,974
      
Net interest income   4,457    1,808    561    0    6,826     3,762    1,622    610    0    5,994  
      
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   (96  18    (6  0    (84
Credit loss (expense)/recovery   (7  (112  1    0    (118
      
Net interest income after credit loss expense   4,361    1,826    555    0    6,742     3,754    1,510    611    0    5,875  
      
Net fee and commission income   6,351    5,757    3,128    0    15,236     5,933    6,333    3,139    0    15,405  
      
Net trading income   4,155    (81  269    0    4,343     3,115    250    115    0    3,480  
      
Income from subsidiaries   659    0    0    (659  0     (4,009  0    0    4,009    0  
      
Other income   1,427    728    (689  0    1,467     1,545    783    (1,646  0    682  
      
Total operating income   16,954    8,230    3,263    (659  27,789     10,338    8,876    2,220    4,009    25,443  
      
Operating expenses            
      
Personnel expenses   8,712    5,216    1,664    0    15,591     7,682    5,369    1,686    0    14,737  
      
General and administrative expenses   2,577    2,283    1,099    0    5,959     4,643    2,618    1,393    0    8,653  
      
Depreciation of property and equipment   564    117    81    0    761  
Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment   501    104    84    0    689  
      
Impairment of goodwill   0    0    0    0    0     14    2,860    156    0    3,030  
      
Amortization of intangible assets   26    80    21    0    127  
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets   3    84    20    0    106  
      
Total operating expenses   11,879    7,696    2,864    0    22,439     12,843    11,034    3,339    0    27,216  
      
Operating profit from continuing operations before tax   5,075    534    399    (659  5,350  
Operating profit/(loss) from continuing operations before tax   (2,505  (2,158  (1,119  4,009    (1,774
      
Tax expense / (benefit)   917    61    (55  0    923  
Tax expense/(benefit)   6    165    290    0    461  
      
Net profit from continuing operations   4,159    473    454    (659  4,426  
Net profit/(loss) from continuing operations   (2,511  (2,323  (1,409  4,009    (2,235
      
Net profit from discontinued operations   0    0    0    0    0     0    0    0    0    0  
      
Net profit   4,159    473    454    (659  4,427  
Net profit/(loss)   (2,511  (2,323  (1,409  4,009    (2,235
      
Net profit attributable to non-controlling interests   0    2    266    0    268     0    0    276    0    276  
      
Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders   4,159    471    188    (659  4,159  
Net profit/(loss) attributable to UBS shareholders   (2,511  (2,323  (1,686  4,009    (2,511
      

1UBS AG Parent Bank(Parent Bank) prepares its audited financial statements in accordance with Swiss banking law requirements. Amounts presented in this column serve as a basis for preparing Group Financial Statements under IFRS.

Financial information

402

Notes to the consolidated financial statements


Financial information

Note 40 Supplemental guarantor information required under SEC rules (continued)

 

 

Supplemental guarantor consolidated balance sheet

 

CHF million

As of 31 December 2011

  UBS AG
Parent
Bank1
   UBS
Americas Inc.
   Subsidiaries   Consolidating
entries
 UBS
Group
 

CHF million

For the year ended 31 December 2012

  

UBS AG

(Parent  Bank)1

   

UBS

Americas Inc.

   

Other

subsidiaries

   

Consolidating

entries

 UBS Group 
Assets                  
                        
Cash and balances with central banks   38,094     1,977     568     0    40,638     54,192     11,395     796     0    66,383  
                        
Due from banks   26,085     4,866     80,863     (88,596  23,218     29,107     7,875     68,713     (84,464  21,230  
                        
Cash collateral on securities borrowed   41,783     57,893     3,040     (43,953  58,763     35,749     35,172     3,126     (36,675  37,372  
                        
Reverse repurchase agreements   161,663     123,923     88,167     (160,252  213,501     105,197     60,659     60,880     (95,795  130,941  
                        
Trading portfolio assets   130,585     30,864     33,451     (13,374  181,525     117,337     21,786     33,072     (11,335  160,861  
                        

of which: pledged as collateral

   50,064     2,801     609     (13,537  39,936  

of which: assets pledged as collateral which may be sold

or repledged by counterparties

   47,226     5,467     2,466     (10,460  44,698  
                        
Positive replacement values   482,528     8,244     146,545     (150,732  486,584     416,098     5,695     129,090     (132,854  418,029  
                        
Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments   44,906     4,640     25,894     (34,118  41,322     32,740     4,045     28,331     (34,703  30,413  
                        
Financial assets designated at fair value   6,290     4,537     7,515     (8,005  10,336     7,007     3,037     10,535     (11,473  9,106  
                        
Loans   263,927     37,836     11,391     (46,549  266,604     279,038     38,663     11,765     (49,566  279,901  
                        
Financial investments available-for-sale   39,431     9,877     3,866     0    53,174     51,041     10,637     4,706     0    66,383  
                        
Accrued income and prepaid expenses   1,971     4,046     872     (561  6,327     1,954     3,994     590     (446  6,093  
                        
Investments in subsidiaries and associates   59,809     4     0     (59,018  795     64,807     2     1     (63,951  858  
                        
Property and equipment   4,757     523     408     0    5,688     5,034     593     376     0    6,004  
                        
Goodwill and intangible assets   329     8,172     1,194     0    9,695     323     5,116     1,023     0    6,461  
                        
Deferred tax assets   5,177     2,839     511     0    8,526     5,132     2,643     368     0    8,143  
                        
Other assets   12,405     2,459     1,689     (4,089  12,465     8,969     3,718     1,233     (2,865  11,055  
                        
Total assets   1,319,740     302,699     405,971     (609,248  1,419,162     1,213,726     215,030     354,604     (524,128  1,259,232  
                        
Liabilities                  
                        
Due to banks   63,340     41,669     13,787     (88,596  30,201     54,795     46,014     6,680     (84,464  23,024  
                        
Cash collateral on securities lent   16,498     32,622     2,969     (43,953  8,136     19,704     22,105     4,069     (36,675  9,203  
                        
Repurchase agreements   38,030     141,005     83,646     (160,252  102,429     24,540     51,057     57,837     (95,795  37,639  
                        
Trading portfolio liabilities   32,299     8,437     5,751     (7,007  39,480     24,996     8,892     6,137     (5,870  34,154  
                        
Negative replacement values   467,112     8,312     148,708     (150,732  473,400     391,863     5,856     130,204     (132,854  395,070  
                        
Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments   55,378     11,188     34,666     (34,118  67,114  ��  58,650     10,907     36,294     (34,703  71,148  
                        
Financial liabilities designated at fair value   84,386     533     13,522     (9,459  88,982     88,775     988     15,154     (12,039  92,878  
                        
Due to customers   321,393     31,934     35,632     (46,549  342,409     330,271     45,107     46,079     (49,566  371,892  
                        
Accrued expenses and deferred income   4,530     2,203     678     (561  6,850     4,731     2,047     549     (446  6,881  
                        
Debt issued   125,251     407     19,873     (4,914  140,617     102,015     353     7,186     (4,899  104,656  
                        
Provisions   1,166     1,023     347     0    2,536  
            
Other liabilities   24,226     19,345     22,209     (4,089  61,692     24,622     18,642     19,503     (2,865  59,902  
                        
Total liabilities   1,232,444     297,655     381,440     (550,230  1,361,309     1,126,129     212,993     330,038     (460,177  1,208,983  
                        
Equity attributable to UBS shareholders   87,297     5,043     20,126     (59,017  53,447     87,597     2,037     20,213     (63,951  45,895  
                        
Equity attributable to non-controlling interests   0     0     4,406     0    4,406     0     0     4,353     0    4,353  
                        
Total equity   87,297     5,043     24,532     (59,017  57,852     87,597     2,037     24,566     (63,951  50,249  
                        
Total liabilities and equity   1,319,740     302,699     405,971     (609,248  1,419,162     1,213,726     215,030     354,604     (524,128  1,259,232  
                        

1UBS AG (Parent Bank) prepares its financial statements in accordance with Swiss banking law requirements. Amounts presented in this column serve as a basis for preparing Group Financial Statements under IFRS.

448


Financial information

Note 40 Supplemental guarantor information required under SEC rules (continued)

Supplemental guarantor consolidated statement of cash flows1

CHF million

For the year ended 31 December 2012

  UBS AG
(Parent Bank)2
  

UBS

Americas Inc.

  

Other

subsidiaries

  UBS Group 
Net cash flow from / (used in) operating activities   49,070    10,795    7,186    67,050  
                  
Cash flow from / (used in) investing activities     
                  
Purchase of subsidiaries, associates and intangible assets   (11  0    0    (11
                  
Disposal of subsidiaries, associates and intangible assets3   41    0    0    41  
                  
Purchase of property and equipment   (878  (189  (50  (1,118
                  
Disposal of property and equipment   194    5    3    202  
                  
Net (investment in) / divestment of financial investments available-for-sale   (12,429  (780  (737  (13,946
                  
Net cash flow from / (used in) investing activities   (13,082  (965  (784  (14,831
                  
Cash flow from / (used in) financing activities     
                  
Net short-term debt issued / (repaid)   (26,177  0    (11,790  (37,967
                  
Net movements in treasury shares and own equity derivative activity   (1,159  0    0    (1,159
                  
Dividends paid   (379  0    0    (379
                  
Issuance of long-term debt, including financial liabilities designated at fair value   49,885    575    5,287    55,747  
                  
Repayment of long-term debt, including financial liabilities designated at fair value   (49,981  (23  (3,991  (53,996
                  
Dividends paid to / decrease in non-controlling interests   0    0    (288  (288
                  
Net activity in investments in subsidiaries   (2,600  (99  2,698    0  
                  
Net cash flow from / (used in) financing activities   (30,410  452    (8,084  (38,041
                  
Effects of exchange rate differences   (200  (352  (121  (673
                  
Net increase / (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents   5,377    9,930    (1,802  13,506  
                  
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year   66,481    4,336    14,796    85,612  
                  
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year   71,858    14,266    12,994    99,118  
                  
Cash and cash equivalents comprise:     
                  
Cash and balances with central banks   54,192    11,395    796    66,383  
                  
Money market paper4   4,279    47    56    4,382  
                  
Due from banks5   13,387    2,824    12,142    28,354  
                  
Total   71,858    14,266    12,994    99,118  
                  

1  In 2012, the estimation of the effects of foreign currency translation on the statement of cash flows was refined. This change in estimate resulted for UBS Group in Net cash flows from / (used in) operating activities being higher by CHF 1.8 billion (recorded in Other net adjustments), from / (used in) investing activities being higher by CHF 0.5 billion, from / (used in) financing activities being higher by CHF 1.4 billion and the amounts presented under the line item Effects of exchange rate differences being lower by CHF 3.7 billion.  2UBS AG Parent Bank(Parent Bank) prepares its audited financial statements in accordance with Swiss banking law requirements. Amounts presented in this column serve as a basis for preparing Group Financial Statements under IFRS.3  Includes dividends received from associates.  4  Money market paper is included in the balance sheet under Trading portfolio assets and Financial investments available-for-sale.  5  Includes positions recognized in the balance sheet under Due from banks and Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments.

 

449


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 40 Supplemental guarantor information required under SEC rules (continued)

Supplemental guarantor consolidated income statement

CHF million

For the year ended 31 December 2011

  UBS AG
(Parent  Bank)1
  

UBS

Americas Inc.

  

Other

subsidiaries

  

Consolidating

entries

  

UBS

Group

 
Operating income      
                      
Interest income   15,311    2,910    2,952    (3,203  17,969  
                      
Interest expense   (10,854  (1,102  (2,391  3,203    (11,143
                      
Net interest income   4,457    1,808    561    0    6,826  
                      
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   (96  18    (6  0    (84
                      
Net interest income after credit loss expense   4,361    1,826    555    0    6,742  
                      
Net fee and commission income   6,351    5,757    3,128    0    15,236  
                      
Net trading income   4,155    (81  269    0    4,343  
                      
Income from subsidiaries   677    0    0    (677  0  
                      
Other income   1,427    728    (689  0    1,467  
                      
Total operating income   16,972    8,230    3,263    (677  27,788  
                      
Operating expenses      
                      
Personnel expenses   8,772    5,199    1,663    0    15,634  
                      
General and administrative expenses   2,577    2,283    1,099    0    5,959  
                      
Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment   564    117    81    0    761  
                      
Impairment of goodwill   0    0    0    0    0  
                      
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets   26    80    21    0    127  
                      
Total operating expenses   11,940    7,679    2,864    0    22,482  
                      
Operating profit / (loss) from continuing operations before tax   5,032    551    399    (677  5,307  
                      
Tax expense / (benefit)   895    61    (55  0    901  
                      
Net profit / (loss) from continuing operations   4,138    490    454    (677  4,406  
                      
Net profit from discontinued operations   0    0    0    0    0  
                      
Net profit / (loss)   4,138    490    454    (677  4,406  
                      
Net profit attributable to non-controlling interests   0    2    266    0    268  
                      
Net profit / (loss) attributable to UBS shareholders   4,138    488    189    (677  4,138  
                      

1  UBS AG (Parent Bank) prepares its audited financial statements in accordance with Swiss banking law requirements. Amounts presented in this column serve as a basis for preparing Group Financial Statements under IFRS.

450


403Financial information

Note 40 Supplemental guarantor information required under SEC rules (continued)

Supplemental guarantor consolidated balance sheet

CHF million

For the year ended 31 December 2011

  UBS AG
(Parent  Bank)1
   

UBS

Americas Inc.

   

Other 

subsidiaries 

   

Consolidating 

entries 

   

UBS 

Group 

 
Assets          
                          
Cash and balances with central banks   38,094     1,977     568           40,638   
                          
Due from banks   26,085     4,866     80,863      (88,596)     23,218   
                          
Cash collateral on securities borrowed   41,783     57,893     3,040      (43,953)     58,763   
                          
Reverse repurchase agreements   161,663     123,923     88,167      (160,252)     213,501   
                          
Trading portfolio assets   130,585     30,864     33,451      (13,374)     181,525   
                          

of which: assets pledged as collateral which may be sold

or repledged by counterparties

   50,064     2,801     609      (13,537)     39,936   
                          
Positive replacement values   482,528     8,244     146,545      (150,732)     486,584   
                          
Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments   44,906     4,640     25,894      (34,118)     41,322   
                          
Financial assets designated at fair value   6,290     4,537     7,515      (8,005)     10,336   
                          
Loans   263,927     37,836     11,391      (46,549)     266,604   
                          
Financial investments available-for-sale   39,431     9,877     3,866           53,174   
                          
Accrued income and prepaid expenses   1,971     4,046     872      (561)     6,327   
                          
Investments in subsidiaries and associates   59,809     4          (59,018)     795   
                          
Property and equipment   4,757     523     408           5,688   
                          
Goodwill and intangible assets   329     8,172     1,194           9,695   
                          
Deferred tax assets   6,274     2,839     514           9,627   
                          
Other assets   9,425     2,141     1,688      (4,089)     9,165   
                          
Total assets   1,317,857     302,381     405,973      (609,248)     1,416,962   
                          
Liabilities          
                          
Due to banks   63,340     41,669     13,787      (88,596)     30,201   
                          
Cash collateral on securities lent   16,498     32,622     2,969      (43,953)     8,136   
                          
Repurchase agreements   38,030     141,005     83,646      (160,252)     102,429   
                          
Trading portfolio liabilities   32,299     8,437     5,751      (7,007)     39,480   
                          
Negative replacement values   467,112     8,312     148,708      (150,732)     473,400   
                          
Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments   55,378     11,188     34,666      (34,118)     67,114   
                          
Financial liabilities designated at fair value   84,386     533     13,522      (9,459)     88,982   
                          
Due to customers   321,393     31,934     35,632      (46,549)     342,409   
                          
Accrued expenses and deferred income   4,530     2,203     678      (561)     6,850   
                          
Debt issued   125,251     407     19,873      (4,914)     140,617   
                          
Provisions   752     527     347           1,626   
                          
Other liabilities   25,913     19,080     21,879      (4,089)     62,784   
                          
Total liabilities   1,234,882     297,917     381,457      (550,230)     1,364,027   
                          
Equity attributable to UBS shareholders   82,975     4,463     20,111      (59,017)     48,530   
                          
Equity attributable to non-controlling interests   0     0     4,406           4,406   
                          
Total equity   82,975     4,463     24,517      (59,017)     52,935   
                          
Total liabilities and equity   1,317,857     302,381     405,973      (609,248)     1,416,962   
                          

1UBS AG (Parent Bank) prepares its financial statements in accordance with Swiss banking law requirements. Amounts presented in this column serve as a basis for preparing Group Financial Statements under IFRS.

451


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 40 Supplemental guarantor information required under SEC rules (continued)

 

 

Supplemental guarantor consolidated statement of cash flows

 

CHF million

For the year ended 31 December 2011

  UBS AG
Parent Bank1
  UBS
Americas Inc.
  Subsidiaries  UBS Group 
Net cash flow from / (used in) operating activities   (12,251  (933  (1,057  (14,241
                  
Cash flow from / (used in) investing activities     
                  
Purchase of subsidiaries, associates and intangible assets   (58  0    0    (58
                  
Disposal of subsidiaries, associates and intangible assets   50    0    0    50  
                  
Purchase of property and equipment   (917  (114  (98  (1,129
                  
Disposal of property and equipment   137    91    5    233  
                  
Net (investment in) / divestment of financial investments available-for-sale   19,125    1,165    (9  20,281  
                  
Net cash flow from / (used in) investing activities   18,336    1,142    (101  19,377  
                  
Cash flow from / (used in) financing activities     
                  
Net short-term debt issued / (repaid)   5,459    0    9,879    15,338  
   ��              
Net movements in treasury shares and own equity derivative activity   (1,885  0    0    (1,885
                  
Issuance of long-term debt, including financial liabilities designated at fair value   48,844    197    3,549    52,590  
                  
Repayment of long-term debt, including financial liabilities designated at fair value   (55,668  (8  (6,950  (62,626
                  
Increase in non-controlling interests   0    0    1    1  
                  
Dividends paid to / decrease in non-controlling interests   0    0    (748  (749
                  
Net activity in investments in subsidiaries   640    (366  (274  0  
                  
Net cash flow from / (used in) financing activities   (2,610  (177  5,457    2,670  
Effects of exchange rate differences   (2,587  299    159    (2,129
                  
Net increase / (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents   889    333    4,457    5,678  
                  
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year   65,592    4,003    10,339    79,934  
                  
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year   66,481    4,336    14,796    85,612  
                  
Cash and cash equivalents comprise:2     
                  
Cash and balances with central banks   38,094    1,977    568    40,638  
                  
Money market paper3   3,804    29    67    3,900  
                  
Due from banks4   24,582    2,330    14,162    41,074  
                  
Total2   66,481    4,336    14,796    85,612  
                  

CHF million

For the year ended 31 December 2011

  

UBS AG

(Parent Bank)1

  

UBS

Americas Inc.

  

Other

subsidiaries

  UBS Group 
Net cash flow from/(used in) operating activities   (12,251  (933  (1,057  (14,241
                  
Cash flow from/(used in) investing activities     
                  
Purchase of subsidiaries, associates and intangible assets   (58  0    0    (58
                  
Disposal of subsidiaries, associates and intangible assets2   50    0    0    50  
                  
Purchase of property and equipment   (917  (114  (98  (1,129
                  
Disposal of property and equipment   137    91    5    233  
                  
Net (investment in) / divestment of financial investments available-for-sale   19,125    1,165    (9  20,281  
                  
Net cash flow from/(used in) investing activities   18,336    1,142    (101  19,377  
                  
Cash flow from/(used in) financing activities     
                  
Net short-term debt issued/(repaid)   5,459    0    9,879    15,338  
                  
Net movements in treasury shares and own equity derivative activity   (1,885  0    0    (1,885
                  
Issuance of long-term debt, including financial liabilities designated at fair value   48,844    197    3,549    52,590  
                  
Repayment of long-term debt, including financial liabilities designated at fair value   (55,668  (8  (6,950  (62,626
                  
Increase in non-controlling interests   0    0    1    1  
                  
Dividends paid to/decrease in non-controlling interests   0    0    (748  (749
                  
Net activity in investments in subsidiaries   640    (366  (274  0  
                  
Net cash flow from/(used in) financing activities   (2,610  (177  5,457    2,670  
                  
Effects of exchange rate differences   (2,587  299    159    (2,129
                  
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents   889    333    4,457    5,678  
                  
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year   65,592    4,003    10,339    79,934  
                  
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year   66,481    4,336    14,796    85,612  
                  
Cash and cash equivalents comprise:     
                  
Cash and balances with central banks   38,094    1,977    568    40,638  
                  
Money market paper3   3,804    29    67    3,900  
                  
Due from banks4   24,582    2,330    14,162    41,074  
                  
Total   66,481    4,336    14,796    85,612  
                  

1UBS AG Parent Bank(Parent Bank) prepares its audited financial statements in accordance with Swiss banking law requirements. Amounts presented in this column serve as a basis for preparing Group Financial Statements under IFRS.  2In 2011, we have refined the definition of cash and cash equivalents. Prior periods have been adjusted accordingly. Refer to “Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies” for more information.  Includes dividends received from associates.  3Money market paper is included in the balance sheet under Trading portfolio assets and Financial investments available-for-sale.4Includes positions recognized in the balance sheet under Due from banks and Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments.

 

404

452


Financial information

Note 40 Supplemental guarantor information required under SEC rules (continued)

 

 

Supplemental guarantor consolidated income statement

 

CHF million

For the year ended 31 December 2010

  UBS AG
Parent Bank1
 UBS
Americas Inc.
 Subsidiaries Consolidating
entries
 UBS Group   

UBS AG

(Parent Bank)1

 

UBS

Americas Inc.

 

Other

subsidiaries

 

Consolidating

entries

 UBS Group 
Operating income            
      
Interest income   15,732    3,388    2,723    (2,971  18,872     15,732    3,388    2,723    (2,971  18,872  
      
Interest expense   (12,153  (1,409  (2,067  2,971    (12,657   (12,153  (1,409  (2,067  2,971    (12,657
      
Net interest income   3,579    1,980    656    0    6,215     3,579    1,980    656    0    6,215  
      
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   (2  (16  (48  0    (66   (2  (16  (48  0    (66
      
Net interest income after credit loss expense   3,577    1,964    608    0    6,149     3,577    1,964    608    0    6,149  
      
Net fee and commission income   7,293    6,465    3,401    0    17,160     7,293    6,465    3,401    0    17,160  
      
Net trading income   6,979    (117  609    0    7,471     6,979    (117  609    0    7,471  
      
Income from subsidiaries   1,384    0    0    (1,384  0     1,392    0    0    (1,392  0  
      
Other income   1,515    1,296    (1,597  0    1,214     1,515    1,296    (1,597  0    1,214  
      
Total operating income   20,749    9,608    3,022    (1,384  31,994     20,757    9,608    3,022    (1,392  31,994  
      
Operating expenses            
      
Personnel expenses   9,220    5,850    1,850    0    16,920     9,339    5,842    1,849    0    17,031  
      
General and administrative expenses   2,729    2,691    1,164    0    6,585     2,729    2,691    1,164    0    6,585  
      
Depreciation of property and equipment   628    172    117    0    918  
Depreciation and impairment of property and equipment   628    172    117    0    918  
      
Impairment of goodwill   0    0    0    0    0     0    0    0    0    0  
      
Amortization of intangible assets   3    90    24    0    117  
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets   3    90    24    0    117  
      
Total operating expenses   12,581    8,804    3,154    0    24,539     12,700    8,796    3,154    0    24,650  
      
Operating profit from continuing operations before tax   8,168    804    (132  (1,384  7,455  
Operating profit / (loss) from continuing operations before tax   8,057    812    (132  (1,392  7,345  
      
Tax expense / (benefit)   633    (1,150  136    0    (381   605    (1,150  136    0    (409
      
Net profit from continuing operations   7,534    1,954    (268  (1,384  7,836  
Net profit / (loss) from continuing operations   7,452    1,962    (268  (1,392  7,754  
      
Net profit from discontinued operations   0    0    2    0    2     0    0    2    0    2  
      
Net profit   7,534    1,954    (266  (1,384  7,838  
Net profit / (loss)   7,452    1,962    (266  (1,392  7,756  
      
Net profit attributable to non-controlling interests   0    0    304    0    304     0    0    304    0    304  
      
Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders   7,534    1,954    (570  (1,384  7,534  
Net profit / (loss) attributable to UBS shareholders   7,452    1,962    (570  (1,392  7,452  
      

1UBS AG Parent Bank(Parent Bank) prepares its audited financial statements in accordance with Swiss banking law requirements. Amounts presented in this column serve as a basis for preparing Group Financial Statements under IFRS.

 

405

453


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 40 Supplemental guarantor information required under SEC rules (continued)

 

 

Supplemental guarantor consolidated balance sheetstatement of cash flows

 

CHF million

As of 31 December 2010

  

UBS AG

Parent Bank1

   UBS
Americas Inc.
   Subsidiaries   Consolidating
entries
  UBS
Group
 
Assets         
                         
Cash and balances with central banks   26,372     69     498     0    26,939  
                         
Due from banks   30,941     5,038     68,198     (87,044  17,133  
                         
Cash collateral on securities borrowed   39,315     61,314     9,572     (47,746  62,454  
                         
Reverse repurchase agreements   130,977     53,203     85,331     (126,721  142,790  
                         
Trading portfolio assets   170,106     32,265     39,814     (13,368  228,815  
                         

of which: pledged as collateral

   61,428     9,412     2,162     (11,649)   61,352  
                         
Positive replacement values   393,565     8,624     115,618     (116,661  401,146  
                         
Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments   42,940     5,010     23,861     (33,740  38,071  
                         
Financial assets designated at fair value   4,778     4,788     8,850     (9,911  8,504  
                         
Loans   258,378     37,828     12,778     (46,107  262,877  
                         
Financial investments available-for-sale   59,269     11,647     3,853     0    74,768  
                         
Accrued income and prepaid expenses   1,450     3,612     942     (538  5,466  
                         
Investments in subsidiaries and associates   62,095     6     0     (61,311  790  
                         
Property and equipment   4,493     614     360     0    5,467  
                         
Goodwill and intangible assets   448     8,150     1,224     0    9,822  
                         
Deferred tax assets   6,054     2,897     571     0    9,522  
                         
Other assets   18,504     5,938     1,914     (3,675  22,681  
                         
Total assets   1,249,683     241,001     373,384     (546,822  1,317,247  
                         
Liabilities         
                         
Due to banks   79,842     47,430     1,261     (87,044  41,490  
                         
Cash collateral on securities lent   20,374     23,613     10,410     (47,746  6,651  
                         
Repurchase agreements   40,713     79,920     80,883     (126,721  74,796  
                         
Trading portfolio liabilities   45,191     13,433     1,215     (4,865  54,975  
                         
Negative replacement values   383,892     8,667     117,863     (116,661  393,762  
                         
Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments   45,024     10,543     37,097     (33,740  58,924  
                         
Financial liabilities designated at fair value   94,864     295     18,457     (12,859  100,756  
                         
Due to customers   301,976     29,266     47,166     (46,107  332,301  
                         
Accrued expenses and deferred income   5,071     2,433     773     (538  7,738  
                         
Debt issued   125,113     398     10,315     (5,555  130,271  
                         
Other liabilities   23,286     20,580     23,529     (3,675  63,719  
                         
Total liabilities   1,165,349     236,578     348,968     (485,511  1,265,384  
                         
Equity attributable to UBS shareholders   84,334     4,408     19,388     (61,311  46,820  
                         
Equity attributable to non-controlling interests   0     15     5,028     0    5,043  
                         
Total equity   84,334     4,423     24,416     (61,311  51,863  
                         
Total liabilities and equity   1,249,683     241,001     373,384     (546,822  1,317,247  
                         

CHF million

For the year ended 31 December 2010

  

UBS AG

(Parent Bank)1

  

UBS

Americas

Inc.

  

Other

subsidiaries

  

UBS

Group

 
Net cash flow from / (used in) operating activities   10,719    (2,772  5,440    13,385  
                  
Cash flow from / (used in) investing activities     
                  
Purchase of subsidiaries, associates and intangible assets   (75  0    0    (75
                  
Disposal of subsidiaries, associates and intangible assets2   307    0    0    307  
                  
Purchase of property and equipment   (367  (88  (86  (541
                  
Disposal of property and equipment   196    22    24    242  
                  
Net (investment in) / divestment of financial investments available-for-sale   2,123    3,474    (1,433  4,164  
                  
Net cash flow from / (used in) investing activities   2,185    3,408    (1,497  4,097  
                  
Cash flow from / (used in) financing activities     
                  
Net short-term debt issued / (repaid)   3,241    0    1,218    4,459  
                  
Net movements in treasury shares and own equity derivative activity   (1,456  0    0    (1,456
                  
Capital issuance   (113  0    0    (113
                  
Issuance of long-term debt, including financial liabilities designated at fair value   75,842    8    2,568    78,418  
                  
Repayment of long-term debt, including financial liabilities designated at fair value   (65,968  (82  (11,447  (77,497
                  
Increase in non-controlling interests   0    0    6    6  
                  
Dividends paid to / decrease in non-controlling interests   0    (6  (2,047  (2,053
                  
Net activity in investments in subsidiaries   (122  235    (113  0  
                  
Net cash flow from / (used in) financing activities   11,424    154    (9,815  1,764  
                  
Effects of exchange rate differences   (10,218  1,482    (3,444  (12,181
                  
Net increase / (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents   14,110    2,272    (9,315  7,066  
                  
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year   51,482    1,731    19,654    72,868  
                  
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year   65,592    4,003    10,339    79,934  
                  
Cash and cash equivalents comprise:     
                  
Cash and balances with central banks   26,372    69    498    26,939  
                  
Money market paper3   15,798    1,190    123    17,110  
                  
Due from banks4   23,422    2,744    9,719    35,885  
                  
Total   65,592    4,003    10,339    79,934  
                  

1    UBS AG Parent Bank(Parent Bank) prepares its audited financial statements in accordance with Swiss banking law requirements. Amounts presented in this column serve as a basis for preparing Group Financial Statements under IFRS.2  Includes dividends received from associates.  3  Money market paper is included in the balance sheet under Trading portfolio assets and Financial investments available-for-sale.  4  Includes positions recognized in the balance sheet under Due from banks and Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments.

 

406

454


Financial information

Note 40 Supplemental guarantor information required under SEC rules (continued)

 

 

Supplemental guarantor consolidated statement of cash flows

CHF million

For the year ended 31 December 2010

  UBS AG
Parent Bank1
  UBS
Americas
Inc.
  Subsidiaries  UBS
Group
 
Net cash flow from / (used in) operating activities   10,719    (2,772  5,440    13,385  
                  
Cash flow from / (used in) investing activities     
                  
Purchase of subsidiaries, associates and intangible assets   (75  0    0    (75
          ��       
Disposal of subsidiaries, associates and intangible assets   307    0    0    307  
                  
Purchase of property and equipment   (367  (88  (86  (541
                  
Disposal of property and equipment   196    22    24    242  
                  
Net (investment in) / divestment of financial investments available-for-sale   2,123    3,474    (1,433  4,164  
                  
Net cash flow from / (used in) investing activities   2,185    3,408    (1,497  4,097  
                  
Cash flow from / (used in) financing activities     
                  
Net short-term debt issued / (repaid)   3,241    0    1,218    4,459  
                  
Net movements in treasury shares and own equity derivative activity   (1,456  0    0    (1,456
                  
Capital issuance   (113  0    0    (113
                  
Issuance of long-term debt, including financial liabilities designated at fair value   75,842    8    2,568    78,418  
                  
Repayment of long-term debt, including financial liabilities designated at fair value   (65,968  (82  (11,447  (77,497
                  
Increase in non-controlling interests   0    0    6    6  
                  
Dividends paid to / decrease in non-controlling interests   0    (6  (2,047  (2,053
                  
Net activity in investments in subsidiaries   (122  235    (113  0  
                  
Net cash flow from / (used in) financing activities   11,424    154    (9,815  1,764  
                  
Effects of exchange rate differences   (10,218  1,482    (3,444  (12,181
                  
Net increase / (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents   14,110    2,272    (9,315  7,066  
                  
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year   51,482    1,731    19,654    72,868  
      ��           
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year   65,592    4,003    10,339    79,934  
                  
Cash and cash equivalents comprise:2     
                  
Cash and balances with central banks   26,372    69    498    26,939  
                  
Money market paper3   15,798    1,190    123    17,110  
                  
Due from banks4,5   23,422    2,744    9,719    35,885  
                  
Total   65,592    4,003    10,339    79,934  
                  

1   UBS AG Parent Bank prepares its audited financial statements in accordance with Swiss banking law requirements. Amounts presented in this column serve as a basis for preparing Group Financial Statements under IFRS.  2  In 2011, we have refined the definition of cash and cash equivalents. Prior periods have been adjusted accordingly. Refer to “Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies” for more information.   3  Money market paper is included in the balance sheet under Trading portfolio assets and Financial investments available-for-sale. CHF 9,941 million was pledged as of 31 December 2010.  4  Includes positions recognized in the balance sheet under Due from banks and Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments.   5  In 2011, we corrected the amounts presented for Due from banks with related changes impacting cash flows from operating activities. Due from banks was increased by CHF 775 million and CHF 4,669 million for UBS AG Parent Bank and Subsidiaries, respectively, with a corresponding decrease in UBS Americas Inc. of CHF 5,444 million. There was no change to amounts presented for UBS Group related to this correction.

407


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 40 Supplemental guarantor information required under SEC rules (continued)

Supplemental guarantor consolidated income statement

CHF million

For the year ended 31 December 2009

  UBS AG
Parent Bank1
  UBS
Americas Inc.
  Subsidiaries  Consolidating
entries
  UBS
Group
 
Operating income      
                      
Interest income   18,798    4,432    6,715    (6,484  23,461  
                      
Interest expense   (16,860  (1,982  (4,657  6,484    (17,016
                      
Net interest income   1,939    2,450    2,058    0    6,446  
                      
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   (937  (897  2    0    (1,832
                      
Net interest income after credit loss expense   1,002    1,553    2,060    0    4,614  
                      
Net fee and commission income   7,912    6,025    3,774    0    17,712  
                      
Net trading income   (1,487  (423  1,586    0    (324
                      
Income from subsidiaries   1,114    0    0    (1,114  0  
                      
Other income   550    (872  921    0    599  
                      
Total operating income   9,092    6,282    8,341    (1,114  22,601  
                      
Operating expenses      
                      
Personnel expenses   8,577    5,566    2,400    0    16,543  
                      
General and administrative expenses   2,351    2,512    1,385    0    6,248  
                      
Depreciation of property and equipment   686    171    191    0    1,048  
                      
Impairment of goodwill   0    0    1,123    0    1,123  
                      
Amortization of intangible assets   3    96    101    0    200  
                      
Total operating expenses   11,617    8,345    5,200    0    25,162  
                      
Operating profit from continuing operations before tax   (2,526  (2,063  3,141    (1,114  (2,561
                      
Tax expense / (benefit)   210    (549  (104  0    (443
                      
Net profit from continuing operations   (2,736  (1,514  3,245    (1,114  (2,118
                      
Net profit from discontinued operations   0    0    (7  0    (7
                      
Net profit   (2,736  (1,514  3,238    (1,114  (2,125
                      
Net profit attributable to non-controlling interests   0    (3  613    0    610  
                      
Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders   (2,736  (1,511  2,625    (1,114  (2,736
                      

1 UBS AG Parent Bank prepares its audited financial statements in accordance with Swiss banking law requirements. Amounts presented in this column serve as a basis for preparing Group Financial Statements under IFRS.

408


Financial information

Note 40 Supplemental guarantor information required under SEC rules (continued)

Supplemental guarantor consolidated statement of cash flows

CHF million

For the year ended 31 December 2009

  UBS AG
Parent Bank1
  UBS
Americas Inc.
  Subsidiaries  UBS Group 
Net cash flow from / (used in) operating activities   30,833    (1,716  57,607    86,723  
                  
Cash flow from / (used in) investing activities     
                  
Purchase of subsidiaries, associates and intangible assets   (42  0    0    (42
                  
Disposal of subsidiaries, associates and intangible assets   296    0    0    296  
                  
Purchase of property and equipment   (656  (124  (75  (854
                  
Disposal of property and equipment   104    53    6    163  
                  
Net (investment in) / divestment of financial investments available-for-sale   (63,535  (15,228  387    (78,376
                  
Net cash flow from / (used in) investing activities   (63,832  (15,299  318    (78,812
                  
Cash flow from / (used in) financing activities     
                  
Net short-term debt issued / (repaid)   (7,020  (1,596  (51,424  (60,040
                  
Net movements in treasury shares and own equity derivative activity   673    0    0    673  
                  
Capital issuance   3,726    0    0    3,726  
                  
Issuance of long-term debt, including financial liabilities designated at fair value   64,956    0    2,106    67,062  
                  
Repayment of long-term debt, including financial liabilities designated at fair value   (55,616  (1,548  (7,861  (65,024
                  
Increase in non-controlling interests   0    0    3    3  
                  
Dividends paid to / decrease in non-controlling interests   0    (8  (576  (583
                  
Net activity in investments in subsidiaries   (4,032  2,419    1,614    0  
                  
Net cash flow from / (used in) financing activities   2,686    (733  (56,136  (54,183
                  
Effects of exchange rate differences   5,886    574    (933  5,529  
                  
Net increase / (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents   (24,426  (17,174  855    (40,744
                  
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year   75,908    18,905    18,799    113,611  
                  
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year   51,482    1,731    19,654    72,868  
                  
Cash and cash equivalents comprise:2     
                  
Cash and balances with central banks   15,177    75    5,647    20,899  
                  
Money market paper3   5,927    207    194    6,327  
                  
Due from banks4   30,378    1,450    13,814    45,642  
                  
Total   51,482    1,731    19,654    72,868  
                  

1  UBS AG Parent Bank prepares its audited financial statements in accordance with Swiss banking law requirements. Amounts presented in this column serve as a basis for preparing Group Financial Statements under IFRS.2  In 2011, we have refined the definition of cash and cash equivalents. Prior periods have been adjusted accordingly. Refer to “Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies” for more information.3  Money market paper is included in the balance sheet under Trading portfolio assets and Financial investments available-for-sale. CHF 4,841 million was pledged as of 31 December 2009.4  Includes positions recognized in the balance sheet under Due from banks and Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments.

409


Financial information

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 40 Supplemental guarantor information required under SEC rules (continued)

Guarantee of other securities

UBS AG, acting through wholly-owned US-domiciled finance subsidiaries, has issued the following outstanding trust preferred securities:

Guarantee of other securities

 

USD billion, unless otherwise indicated

USD billion, unless otherwise indicated

  Outstanding as of 31.12.11        As of 31.12.12 
Issuing entity  Type of security  Date issued   Interest (%)   Amount   Type of security  Date issued   Interest (%)   

Amount

outstanding

 
UBS Preferred Funding Trust IV  Floating rate non-cumulative trust preferred securities   May 2003     
 
one-month
LIBOR +0.7
  
  
   0.3    Non-cumulative trust preferred securities   May 2003     

 

one-month USD

LIBOR + 0.7

 

  

   0.3  
                        
UBS Preferred Funding Trust V  Trust preferred securities   May 2006     6.243     1.0    Non-cumulative trust preferred securities   May 2006     6.243     1.0  
                        

 

UBS AG has fully and unconditionally guaranteed these securities. UBS’s obligations under the trust preferred securities guarantee are subordinated to the prior payment in full of the deposit and all other liabilities of UBS. At 31 December 2011,2012, the amount of senior liabilities of UBS to which the holders of the subordinated debt securities would be subordinated is approximately CHF 1,3541,198 billion.

Guarantee to UBS Ltd.

UBS AG has issued a guarantee to each counterparty of UBS Ltd. Under the guarantee UBS AG irrevocably and unconditionally guarantees, for the benefit of each counterparty, each and every obligation that UBS Ltd. entered into. UBS AG promises to pay to that counterparty on demand any unpaid balance of such liabilities under the terms of the guarantee.

 

 

410

455



Financial information

 

UBS AG (Parent Bank)

Parent Bank review

 

The following review is based on changes in UBS AG’s (Parent Bank) financial statements from 31 December 2011 to 31 December 2012.

Income statement

Net profit for UBS AG (Parent Bank) wasrecorded a net loss of CHF 6,645 million in 2012, compared with a net profit of CHF 5,440 million a decrease ofin 2011.

The loss before extraordinary items and tax was CHF 6833,016 million, fromcompared with a profit of CHF 6,1234,434 million in 2010.the prior year. This was mainly a result of a CHF 649 million decline in operating income, a CHF 1,214 million increase in operating expenses, and as the impairment of investments in subsidiaries and other participations increased by CHF 4,045 million as the net asset values of subsidiaries declined due to goodwill impairments and the adoption of IAS 19R. Furthermore, expenses for allowances, provisions and losses increased by CHF 1,582 million, mainly related to higher charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters.

Extraordinary expenses were CHF 4,117 million compared with CHF 649 million, mainly related to changes in pension accounting in 2012.

Net interest income

Net interest income increaseddecreased by CHF 1,171736 million, or 34%16%, to CHF 4,597 million. Interest3,861 million, reflecting a CHF 1,996 million decline in interest income, partly offset by CHF 1,260 million lower interest expenses.

The CHF 1,996 million decline in interest income was driven by CHF 1,040 million lower interest and discount income increased by CHF 234 million, or 2%,which mainly attributable to higherreflected lower interest income from securities borrowingearned on loans and reverse repurchase agreements. Interestadvances. In addition, interest and dividend income from ourthe trading portfolio decreased by CHF 452 million, or 10%.731 million. Interest and dividend income from financial investments increaseddecreased by CHF 155225 million, or 50%48%, mainly relating toas 2011 included interest income from our strategic investment portfolio, which was sold in the first nine monthsthird quarter of 2011.

Interest expense decreased by CHF 1,2351,260 million, or 10%,mainly due to lower interest expenses due to banks and customers. Interest expenses on paperdebt issued and on trading liabilities.increased slightly.

Net fee and commission income

Net fee and commission income decreased by CHF 931358 million or 13%, to CHF 6,3736,015 million.

Fee and commission income from securities and investment businessbusinesses decreased by CHF 1,631532 million or 19%. Underwriting fees decreased due to an overall market slowdown resulting from volatility in the capital markets and a reduced market fee pool.CHF 6,270 million. Portfolio

management and advisory fees as well as investmentdeclined in Wealth Management and the Investment Bank. Investment fund fees decreased mainly in Global Asset Management. Brokerage fees decreased in the Investment Bank due to a lower average invested asset base and the strengthening of the Swiss franc. A decrease in brokerage fees resulted from an overall market slowdown, with lower transactional volumes and reduced levelslevel of client activity. Merger and acquisition and corporate finance fees decreased in the Investment Bank due to a lower volume of transactions. These decreases were partly offset by an increase in merger and acquisition and corporate financeunderwriting fees which reflected an improved mergers and acquisitions environment includingin the completion of several large deals.Investment Bank.

Fee and commission expense decreased by CHF 699104 million, or 34%, mainly due to lower brokerage fees paid.

Net trading income

Net trading income was CHF 5,097 million in 2012 compared with CHF 3,545 million in 2011. Net trading income within the equities business in the Investment Bank was positive CHF 1,427 million, compared with negative CHF 6,501114 million in 2010. Investment Bank equities and investment banking net trading income was negative CHF 53 million, compared with positive CHF 1,890 million, mainly as we recorded2011 which included a loss of CHF 1,951 million

related to the unauthorized trading incident in 2011.incident. Investment bankBank fixed income, currencies and commodities net trading income was downincreased by CHF 1486 million or 1%, to CHF 2,3122,398 million. Net trading income in other business divisions and Corporate Center was CHF 1,2861,177 million compared with CHF 2,285 million, mainly because in 2011 we recorded a loss of CHF 102 million on the valuation of our option to acquire the SNB StabFund’s equity compared with a gain of CHF 7451,286 million in 2010.2011.

Other income from ordinary activities

Other income from ordinary activities was CHF 3,5082,401 million, upa decline of CHF 1,336 million, or 62%. 1,107 million.

Net income from disposalsthe disposal of financial investments increaseddecreased by CHF 605758 million, mainly due toas 2011 included a gain of CHF 652 million from the sale of our strategic investment portfolio.

Dividend income from investments in subsidiaries and other participations decreasedincreased by CHF 945147 million.

Sundry income from ordinary activities was updecreased by CHF 809482 million or 22%, to CHF 4,441 million. Sundry income included income received from subsidiaries for services rendered of CHF 3,6763,959 million, an increase of CHF 176 million, or 5%, compared with the prior year. In addition,mainly as sundry income included valuation gains fromrelated to financial investments ofwas zero in 2012 compared with CHF 464 million in 2011, which mainly reflected the reversal of unrealized losses incurred on the strategic investment portfolio in 2010 which were recorded asportfolio. In 2012, sundry ordinary expenses.income included CHF 3,856 million of income received from subsidiaries for services rendered, an increase of CHF 180 million compared with the prior year. Gains from disposalson sales of loans and receivables were CHF 23329 million, upa decline of CHF 189205 million from the prior year.

Sundry ordinary expenses were downlargely unchanged at CHF 868 million, or 25%, to CHF 2,5542,569 million. Charges from subsidiaries for services received were down CHF 283 million, or 10%, to CHF 2,522 million. In addition, the prior year included unrealized losses on financial investments of CHF 573 million, mainly related to our strategic investment portfolio.

Operating expenses

Personnel expenses decreased by CHF 1,991 million, or 19%, to CHF 8,309 million. Discretionary variable compensation decreased by CHF 1,448154 million to CHF 1,821 million. Expenses for social security decreased by CHF 2162,368 million, as a result of the lower variable compensation. Other personnel expenses decreased by CHF 239 million, mainly as the prior year included a charge of CHF 200 million for the UK bank payroll tax.while unreal-

 

Financial information

UBS AG (Parent Bank)

 

ized losses on financial investments increased by CHF 97 million and losses from disposals of loans and receivables increased by CHF 80 million.

Operating expenses

Personnel expenses increased by CHF 579 million to CHF 8,888 million, mainly due to restructuring charges of CHF 1,364 million. This was partly offset by a credit to personnel expenses of CHF 485 million related to changes to our Swiss pension plan as well as lower accruals for variable compensation.

General and administrative expenses increased by CHF 636 million, mainly due to higher cost charges from subsidiaries, increased expenses related to outsourcing of IT and other services due to higher business demand, as well as higher marketing and public relations costs, partly due to expenditures related to our 150th anniversary.

Impairment of investments in subsidiaries and other participations

Impairment of investments in subsidiaries and other participations decreasedincreased by CHF 1,2694,045 million or 88%, to CHF 1654,210 million, mainly as the net asset value of subsidiaries which recorded a goodwill impairment declined, resulting in an impairment of the investments in those subsidiaries of CHF 2,951 million. ImpairmentsIn addition, the adoption of IAS 19R by foreign subsidiaries also resulted in 2010 werelower net asset values, resulting in an impairment of CHF 620 million of the respective investments.

Allowances, provisions and losses

Allowances, provisions and losses increased by CHF 1,582 million to CHF 1,735 million.

The increase mainly related to unfavorable foreign currency impacts on US subsidiarieshigher charges for provisions for litigation, regulatory and similar matters, which increased by CHF 1,368 million, primarily as well as subsidiariesa result of charges for provisions arising from fines and disgorgement resulting from regulatory investigations concerning LIBOR and other benchmark rates. In addition, restructuring charges of CHF 200 million were recorded in various other countries.2012.

Extraordinary income

Extraordinary income decreased by CHF 2,0691,459 million or 52%, to CHF 1,888429 million. Gains from sale of subsidiaries and other participations decreased by CHF 409 million due to fewer disposals in 2011.

Reversals of impairments and provisions of subsidiaries and other participations decreased toby CHF 1,3521,191 million, inmainly as 2011 from CHF 2,337 million in 2010. In 2011,included significant net impairment reversals were to a large extent related to positive foreign currency impacts on the valuation of US subsidiaries.

Gains from sale of subsidiaries and other participations decreased by CHF 155 million due to fewer disposals.

Prior period related income decreased to CHF 280115 million from CHF 968 million and mainly related to equity compensation plans, hedge accounting and financial liabilities designated at fair value.280 million.

Extraordinary expenses

Extraordinary expenses increased by CHF 4713,468 million to CHF 6494,117 million, mainly related to increased prior period relatedchanges in the pension accounting, which resulted in extraordinary expenses of CHF 3,954 million, of which increased CHF 4793,063 million and mainly related to hedge accounting charges, valuation corrections on issued structured productsthe Swiss pension plan and investments in subsidiaries and other participations.CHF 892 million related to the International defined benefit plans.

Tax expense
è

Refer to “Note 2b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” for more information on the pension accounting changes

Tax expense for 2011/ benefit

The net income tax benefit in 2012 was CHF 59 million compared with a tax expense of CHF 232 million compared with CHF 25 million in the2011. The net income tax benefit in 2012 was mainly due to a net release of prior year and consisted of CHF 192 million in incomerelated tax expenses, mainly related to prior years, and CHF 40 million in capital tax expenses.risk provisions.

Deferred tax assets are not accounted for andor reported in the Parent Bank’sUBS AG’s (Parent Bank) financial statements which are prepared in accordance withunder Swiss Federal banking law.GAAP. As a consequence, there is no amortization of deferred tax assets for tax losses used against profits arising from business operations. This is the main difference to the Group net income tax expense of CHF 461 million for IFRS purposes, for which the net amortization of deferred tax assets represents the most significant element.

Balance sheet

Assets

Total assets of the UBS AG (Parent Bank) stood at CHF 846776 billion onas of 31 December 2012, a decrease of CHF 70 billion from 31 December 2011, down CHF 17 billion from CHF 863 billion on 31 December 2010. This decreasepredominantly relating to the accelerated implementation of our strategy announced in October 2012.

Decreases were mainly reflected lowerseen in reverse repurchase agreements with banks, holdings of money market paper and trading instruments held, as well as the sale of the strategic investment portfolio which was held as a financial investment.in positive replacement values. These decreases were partially offset by increased reverse repurchase agreements with banks and other customers as well as higher liquid assets held at the Swiss National Bank (SNB).central banks, an increase in high-quality government debt held as financial investments and higher amounts due from customers.

Liquid assets and money market paper

Liquid assets increased by CHF 1216 billion to CHF 3854 billion on 31 December 2011,2012, predominantly reflectingdue to higher balances with the SNB.central banks. Money market paper held decreased by CHF 3210 billion to CHF 4131 billion,

on 31 December 2011, primarily due to decreasesreductions in Swiss, Japanese, British and USHong Kong government bills held, partly offset by a net increase in German and Dutch government bills.

Due from banks and due from customers

Total dueInterbank lending (due from banks increasedbanks) decreased by CHF 2564 billion to CHF 231167 billion, on 31 December 2011, mainly reflecting increasedreduced reverse repurchase

458


Financial information

agreements with UBS bank subsidiaries, in particular in the Americas and Asia. This was partly offset by lower bank deposits, predominantly with UBS bank subsidiaries in the Americas and Asia.Europe.

Due from customers increased by CHF 613 billion to CHF 148161 billion, mainly due to an increase in reverse repurchase agreements with non-bank clients of CHF 75bn, an increase in non-mortgage loans of CHF 3 billion as well as an increase in the loan book (excluding mortgage loans) as a resultcurrent accounts of higher demand from Asian and American clients. Reverse repurchase agreements and securities borrowings with customersCHF 2 billion, mainly in Switzerland.

Financial investments

Financial investments increased by CHF 6 billion, equally across all regions. These increases were partially offset by client-driven lower prime brokerage loan balances, which were down CHF 7 billion, mainly in the Americas and to a lesser extent in Europe.

Trading balances and financial investments

Trading balances in securities and precious metals decreased by CHF 1911 billion to CHF 12031 billion, on 31 December 2011, with debt instruments down by CHF 12 billion. Equity instruments were down by CHF 3 billion.

Financial investments declined by CHF 15 billion to CHF 20 billion on 31 December 2011, primarily due to the saleincreased holdings of our strategic investment portfolio.

Investment in subsidiarieshigh-quality government debt.

Investments in subsidiaries increasedand other participations

Investments in subsidiaries decreased by CHF 2.93 billion to CHF 24.0 billion on 31 December 2011.21 billion. This was mainly due to the abovementioned net capital injections of CHF 2.4 billion, as well as reversals of impairments of CHF 1.4 billion which were attributable to positive foreign currency translation impacts. These increases were partly offset by reductions of CHF 0.8 billion as a result of foreign currency translation losses recorded in net trading income on borrowings used to fund the respective investments, and the impairmentwrite-downs of investments in subsidiaries of CHF 0.24 billion. The termination of the match-funding concept as of 31 October 2011 and the change in accounting policy with regard to the foreign currency translation of investments in subsidiaries resulted in an increase

An additional write-down of CHF 0.21 billion was due to dividend payments. These decreases were partly offset by net capital injections of CHF 2 billion.

Positive replacement values

Positive replacement values, which are reported on a net basis, provided the master netting and the related collateral agreements are legally enforceable, were stable atdecreased by CHF 65 billion.29 billion to CHF 35 billion, mainly as replacement values for interest rate contracts fell due to lower volumes. Further, credit derivative contracts fell due to the tightening of credit spreads and reduced volumes. In addition, replacement values decreased due to increased netting with cash collateral payables to subsidiaries (reported within due to banks).

Other assets

Other assets decreased by CHF 4 billion to CHF 3 billion, mainly due to the early adoption of FER 16 for the Swiss pension plan and IAS 19R for the International defined benefit plans, which resulted in the derecognition of deferred pension expenses.

è

Refer to “Note 2b Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments” for more information on the pension accounting changes

Liabilities

Money market paper issued increased

Money market paper issued decreased by CHF 636 billion to CHF 5721 billion on 31 December 2011,2012, mainly on higher yield enhancement products for our wealth management clients. due to a reduction in certificates of deposit outstanding as well as due to the change in balance sheet presentation of certain structured liabilities, which were reclassified from money market paper issued to bonds issued and loans from central mortgage institutions.

Due to banks and due to customers

Due to banks decreased by CHF 22 billion to CHF 125102 billion, on 31 December 2011, and reflectedreflecting lower unsecured interbank-borrowinginterbank borrowing of CHF 149 billion as well as reducedand lower repurchase activity of CHF 7 billion. In addition, cash collateral payables decreased by CHF 10 billion, mainly due to increased netting with positive replacement values. These decreases were partly offset by increased securities lending of CHF 4 billion.

412


Financial information

Total amounts due to customers remained stable at CHF 364 billion.

Trading portfolio liabilities

Trading portfolio liabilities declined by CHF 137 billion to CHF 3325 billion as of 31 December 2012, mainly related to a reduction in debt instruments sold short.

Negative replacement values

Negative replacement values fell by CHF 15 billion to CHF 44 billion, primarily due to lower replacement values for credit derivative and interest rate contracts, partly due to reduced volumes.

Bonds issued and loans from central mortgage institutions

Bonds issued and loans from central mortgage institutions increased by CHF 11 billion, mainly as a result of the aforementioned change in balance sheet presentation of certain structured liabilities.

Other liabilities and allowances and provisions

Other liabilities increased by CHF 3 billion, mainly related to debt instruments. Total due to customersincreased deferrals for hedging instruments and also reflecting reclassified provisions which are no longer uncertain in timing or amount.

Allowances and provisions increased by CHF 252 billion, mainly related to CHF 363 billion, mostly due to higher balances on current, savings and personal accounts. Financial liabilities designated at fair value fell by CHF 17 billion.restructuring provisions.

Equity

Total equity attributable to shareholders stood at CHF 40.2 billion at year-end 2011,33,176 million as of 31 December 2012, compared with CHF 34.7 billion40,174 million at year-end 2010,the end of 2011, mainly due to the 2011 Parent Bank profit2012 loss of CHF 5.4 billion.6,645 million. The general statutory reserve increaseddecreased by CHF 5.0 billion353 million to CHF 32.4 billion31,997 million as of

31 December 2011,2012, mainly reflecting the appropriationdistribution out of 2010 earnings of CHF 4.5 billion as well as a transfer of CHF 0.4 billion inthe capital contribution reserves from the reserve for own shares.in May 2012.

The reserve for own shares increaseddecreased by CHF 0.6 billion176 million to CHF 1.1 billion, due to889 million, reflecting the net purchasedisposal of 46 million treasury shares in order to meet future delivery obligations related to share-based compensation awards. CHF 0.4 billion in capital contribution reserves were transferred from the reserve for own shares to the general statutory reserve.shares. Other reserves increased by CHF 0.5 billion,5,617 million, reflecting the appropriation of 20102011 earnings of CHF 1.6 billion, partly offset5,440 million as well as the net disposal of treasury shares, which increased other reserves by a CHF 1.1 billion transfer to the reserve for own shares.176 million.

 

 

459 413


Financial information

UBS AG (Parent Bank)

 

Parent Bank financial statements

Income statement

 

  

 

   For the year ended % change from   

 

   For the year ended % change from 
CHF million  Note   31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.10   Note   31.12.12 31.12.11 31.12.11 
Interest and discount income     11,087    10,853    2       10,047    11,087    (9
            
Interest and dividend income from trading portfolio     3,989    4,441    (10     3,258    3,989    (18
            
Interest and dividend income from financial investments     467    312    50       242    467    (48
            
Interest expense     (10,946  (12,181  (10     (9,686  (10,946  (12
            
Net interest income     4,597    3,426    34       3,861    4,597    (16
            
Credit-related fees and commissions     326    295    11       378    326    16  
            
Fee and commission income from securities and investment business     6,802    8,433    (19     6,270    6,802    (8
            
Other fee and commission income     616    645    (4     634    616    3  
            
Fee and commission expense     (1,371  (2,070  (34     (1,267  (1,371  (8
            
Net fee and commission income     6,373    7,304    (13     6,015    6,373    (6
            
Net trading income   3     3,545    6,501    (45   3     5,097    3,545    44  
            
Net income from disposal of financial investments     833    228    265       75    833    (91
            
Dividend income from investments in subsidiaries and other participations     758    1,703    (55     905    758    19  
            
Income from real estate holdings     30    31    (3     31    30    3  
            
Sundry income from ordinary activities     4,441    3,632    22       3,959    4,441    (11
            
Sundry ordinary expenses     (2,554  (3,422  (25     (2,569  (2,554  1  
            
Other income from ordinary activities     3,508    2,172    62       2,401    3,508    (32
            
Operating income     18,023    19,402    (7     17,374    18,023    (4
            
Personnel expenses     8,309    10,300    (19     8,888    8,309    7  
            
General and administrative expenses     4,380    4,502    (3     5,016    4,380    15  
            
Operating expenses     12,690    14,802    (14     13,904    12,690    10  
            
Operating profit     5,333    4,601    16       3,470    5,333    (35
            
Impairment of investments in subsidiaries and other participations     165    1,434    (88     4,210    165   
            
Depreciation of fixed assets     581    617    (6     541    581    (7
            
Allowances, provisions and losses     153    181    (15     1,735    153   
            
Profit before extraordinary items and taxes     4,434    2,369    87  
Profit/(loss) before extraordinary items and taxes     (3,016  4,434   
            
Extraordinary income   4     1,888    3,957    (52   4     429    1,888    (77
            
Extraordinary expenses   4     (649  (178  265     4     (4,117  (649  534  
            
Tax expense     (232  (25  828  
Tax (expense)/benefit     59    (232 
      ��       
Profit / (loss) for the period     5,440    6,123    (11
Profit/(loss) for the period     (6,645  5,440   
            

414


Financial information

 

Balance sheet

 

CHF million  Note   31.12.11 31.12.10 % change from
31.12.10
   Note   31.12.12 31.12.11 % change from
31.12.11
 
Assets                                
Liquid assets     38,094    26,372    44       54,192    38,094    42  
            
Money market paper     41,222    73,049    (44     31,066    41,222    (25
            
Due from banks     231,401    206,162    12       167,204    231,401    (28
            
Due from customers     148,474    142,634    4       160,996    148,474    8  
            
Mortgage loans     144,346    141,708    2       149,002    144,346    3  
            
Trading balances in securities and precious metals     120,312    139,685    (14     115,906    120,312    (4
            
Financial investments     20,193    34,788    (42     30,778    20,193    52  
            
Investments in subsidiaries and other participations     23,990    21,075    14       21,090    23,990    (12
            
Fixed assets     4,807    4,557    5       5,054    4,807    5  
            
Accrued income and prepaid expenses     2,114    1,643    29       2,157    2,114    2  
            
Positive replacement values   13     64,580    65,449    (1   13     35,206    64,580    (45
            
Other assets   5     6,552    6,373    3     5     3,037    6,552    (54
            
Total assets     846,085    863,495    (2     775,687    846,085    (8
            

of which: subordinated assets

     1,894    2,287    (17     3,776    1,894    99  
            

of which: amounts receivable from subsidiaries

     288,870    254,762    13  

of which: amounts due from subsidiaries

     201,982    288,870    (30
            
Liabilities            
            
Money market paper issued     56,788    50,729    12       21,257    56,788    (63
            
Due to banks     124,625    146,961    (15     102,401    124,625    (18
            
Trading portfolio liabilities     32,522    45,550    (29     25,419    32,522    (22
            
Due to customers on savings and deposit accounts     85,393    78,322    9       94,086    85,393    10  
            
Other amounts due to customers     278,096    260,404    7       269,992    278,096    (3
            
Medium-term bonds     1,951    2,605    (25
Medium-term notes     1,341    1,951    (31
            
Bonds issued and loans from central mortgage institutions     89,361    89,860    (1     100,166    89,361    12  
            
Financial liabilities designated at fair value     62,976    79,847    (21     64,808    62,976    3  
            
Accruals and deferred income     6,671    7,634    (13     6,434    6,671    (4
            
Negative replacement values   13     58,994    60,723    (3   13     43,518    58,994    (26
            
Other liabilities   5     7,122    4,717    51     5     9,653    7,122    36  
            
Allowances and provisions   8     1,412    1,424    (1   8     3,435    1,412    143  
            
Total liabilities     805,911    828,776    (3     742,511    805,911    (8
            
Equity            
            
Share capital   9,10     383    383    0     9,10     384    383    0  
            
General statutory reserve     32,350    27,379    18       31,997    32,350    (1
            

thereof capital contribution reserves

     42,537    42,091    1  

thereof capital contribution reserve

     42,184    42,537    (1
            

thereof retained earnings

     (10,187  (14,712  (31     (10,187  (10,187  0  
            
Reserve for own shares     1,066    432    147       889    1,066    (17
            

thereof capital contribution reserves

      432   

thereof capital contribution reserve

      
            

thereof retained earnings

     1,066         889    1,066    (17
            
Other reserves     934    402    132       6,551    934    601  
            
Profit / (loss) for the period     5,440    6,123    (11
Profit/(loss) for the period     (6,645  5,440   
            
Equity attributable to shareholders   9     40,174    34,719    16     9     33,176    40,174    (17
            
Total liabilities and equity     846,085    863,495    (2     775,687    846,085    (8
            

of which: subordinated liabilities

     12,339    14,689    (16     15,985    12,339    30  
            

of which: amounts payable to subsidiaries

     133,696    129,243    3  

of which: amounts due to subsidiaries

     103,148    133,696    (23
            

415


Financial information

UBS AG (Parent Bank)

 

Statement of appropriation of retained earnings

 

Proposed appropriation of retained earnings

The Board of Directors proposes that the Annual General Meeting (AGM) on 32 May 20122013 approves the following appropriation of retained earnings.earnings:

Proposed appropriation of retained earnings

 

 

  

For the year ended

CHF million  31.12.1131.12.12
ProfitLoss for the period  5,440(6,645)
    
Total available for appropriation  5,440(6,645)
    
Appropriation to other reserves  5,440(1,751)
Appropriation to general statutory reserve: retained earnings(4,894)
    
Total appropriation  5,440(6,645)
    

Proposed distribution of capital contribution reservesreserve

The Board of Directors proposes that the AGM on 32 May 20122013 approves the pay-out of CHF 0.100.15 per share of CHF 0.10 par value out of the capital contribution reserves.reserve. Provided that the pay-outproposed distribution of the capital contribution reserve is approved, the payment of CHF 0.100.15 per share would be made on 10 May 20122013 to holders of shares on the record on 9date 8 May 2012.2013. The shares will be traded ex-dividend as of 76 May 2012,2013, and accordingly the last trading day on which the shares may be traded with entitlement to receive a pay-out will be 43 May 2012.2013.

 

 

 

  

For the year ended

CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.1131.12.12
Total capital contribution reservesreserve before proposed distribution1,2  42,5371,242,184
    
Proposed distribution of capital contribution reservesreserve within general statutory reserves:reserve: CHF 0.100.15 per dividend-bearingdividend bearing share3  (383)(575)
    
Total capital contribution reservesreserve after proposed distribution  42,15441,609
    

11As presented on the balance sheet, the capital contribution reservesreserve of CHF 42,53742,184 million areis a component of the general statutory reservesreserve of CHF 32,35031,997 million after taking into account negative retained earnings of CHF 10,187 million.2Effective 1 January 2011, the Swiss withholding tax law provides that payments out of the capital contribution reservesreserve are not subject to withholding tax. The newThis law has led to interpretational differences between the Swiss Federal Tax Authorities and companies about the qualifying amounts of the capital contribution reservesreserve and the disclosure in the financial statements. In view of this, the Swiss Federal Tax Authorities have confirmed that UBS would be able to repay to shareholders CHF 27.4 billion of disclosed capital contribution reservesreserve (status as of 1 January 2011) without being subject to the withholding tax deduction that applies to dividends paid out of retained earnings. This amount reduced to CHF 27.0 billion as of 31 December 2012 subsequent to the distribution of CHF 379 million as approved by the Annual General Meeting 2012. The decision about the remaining amount has been deferred to a future point in time.33Dividend-bearing shares are all shares issued except for treasury shares held by UBS AG on(Parent Bank) as of the record date 98 May 2012.2013.

416


Financial information

 

Notes to the Parent Bank financial statements

Note 1 Business activities, risk assessment, outsourcing and personnel

 

 

Business Activitiesactivities

The business activities of UBS AG (Parent Bank) are described in the context of the description of the activities of the UBS Group in the “Operating environment and strategy” section of this report.

Risk assessment

UBS AG (Parent Bank), as the ultimate parent company of UBS Group, is fully integrated into the group wide internal risk assessment process described in the audited part of the “Risk, treasury and capital management” section of this report.

Outsourcing

Outsourcing of IT and other services through agreements with external service providers is in compliance with FINMA circular 08/Circular 2008 / 7 “Outsourcing banks”“Outsourcing-banks”.

Personnel

The Parent BankUBS AG (Parent Bank) employed 36,69335,153 personnel on a full time equivalent basis as of 31 December 20112012, compared with 36,38136,693 personnel on 31 December 2010.2011.

 

 

Note 2 Accounting policies

 

a) Significant accounting policies

 

The Parent BankUBS AG’s (Parent Bank) financial statements are prepared in accordance with Swiss Federal banking law. The accounting policies are principally the same as for the Group Financial Statementsconsolidated financial statements outlined in “Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies.”policies”. Major differences between the Swiss Federal banking law requirements and International Financial Reporting Standards are described in “Note 39 Swiss banking law requirements” to the consolidated financial statements. The significant accounting policies applied for the statutory accounts of the Parent BankUBS AG (Parent Bank) are discussed below. In addition the presentation of the balance sheet and income statement under Swiss law differs from the presentation under IFRS. The risk management of UBS AG (Parent Bank) is described in the context of the risk management of UBS Group.

Treasury shares

Treasury shares are own equity instruments held by an entity. Under Swiss law, treasury shares are recognized in the balance sheet as tradingTrading balances in securities and precious metals or as Financial investments. Short positions in treasury shares are presented asTrading portfolio liabilities.liabilities. Treasury shares recognized as trading balances (which include treasury shares held as economic hedges of equity compensation plans) and short positions in treasury shares are measured at fair value with unrealized gains or losses from remeasurement to fair value included in the income

statement. Treasury shares recognized asFinancial investments are valued according to the principles of lower of cost or market value. Realized gains and losses on the sale or acquisition of treasury shares are recognized in the income statement.

A reserveFor treasury shares held asFinancial investments or for non-genuine trading purposes (e.g. treasury shares held to hedge equity compensation plans), aReserve for own shares held for other than trading purposes must be created in equity through the reclassification of free reserves equal to the cost value of the treasury shares held. Re-purchasesRepurchases of treasury shares

held for other thanthe purpose of holding these asFinancial investments or non-genuine trading purposes can be made to the extent that sufficient free reserves are available. TheReserve for own shares is not available for distribution to shareholders. Total treasury shares held cannot exceed 10% of total issued shares.

Foreign currency translation

Assets and liabilities of foreign branches are translated into CHFSwiss francs at the spot exchange rate at the balance sheet date. Income and expense items are translated at weighted average exchange rates for the period. All exchange differences are recognized in the income statement.

The main currency translation rates used by the Parent BankUBS AG (Parent Bank) can be found in “Note 38 Currency translation rates” to the consolidated financial statements.

463


Financial information

UBS AG (Parent Bank)

Note 2 Accounting policies (continued)

Investments in subsidiaries and other participations

Investments in subsidiaries and other participations are equity interests which are held for the purpose of the Parent Bank’sUBS AG’s (Parent Bank) business activities or for strategic reasons. They include all directly held subsidiaries through which UBS AG (Parent Bank) conducts its business on a global basis. The investments are carried at cost less impairment. The carrying value is tested for impairment when indications for a decrease in value exist, which include incurrence of significant operating losses or a severe depreciation of the currency in which the investment is denominated. If an investment in subsidiary is impaired, its value is generally written down to the net asset value. Subsequent recoveries in value are recognized up to the original cost value based on either the increased net asset value or to a value above the net asset value if, in the opinion of

417


Financial information

UBS AG (Parent Bank)

Note 2 Accounting policies (continued)

management, forecasts of future profitability provide sufficient evidence that a carrying value above net asset value is supported. Management may exercise its discretion as to what extent and in which period a recovery in value is recognized.

Reversals of impairments are presented asExtraordinary income in the income statement. Impairments of investments are presented inProfit /(loss) before extraordinary items and taxes underImpairment of investments in subsidiaries and other participations, except for prior period related amounts which are presented asExtraordinary income or expense.participations. The classification as extraordinary income or expense of prior period related amounts is dependent on whether the investment in the respective subsidiary, on a net basis, is a partial or full reversal of impairment (extraordinary income) or an impairment (extraordinary expenses).

Deferred taxes

Deferred tax assets are not recognized in the Parent BankUBS AG’s (Parent Bank) financial statements under Swiss Federal banking law. However, deferred tax liabilities may be recognized for taxable temporary differences. The change in the deferred tax liability balance is recognized in profit or loss.

Equity participation and other compensation plans

Equity participation plans

Under Swiss law, employee share and option awards are recognized as compensation expense and accrued over the performance year, which is generally the financial year prior to the grant date. Equity- and cash-settledcash­settled awards are classified as liabilities. The employee share option awards are remeasured to fair value at each balance sheet date. However, for employee share options that UBS intends to settle in shares from conditional capital, no compensation expense is recognized in the income statement as these awards are not a liability of UBS. Upon exercise of employee options, cash received for payment of the strike price is credited againstshare capital and thegeneral statutory reserve.reserve.

Other compensation plans

Fixed and variable deferred cash compensation is recognized as compensation expenses over the performance year.

Sundry income from ordinary activities and sundry ordinary expenses

Sundry income from ordinary activities mainly includes income from hard cost and revenue transfers between UBS AG Parent Bank(Parent Bank) and its subsidiaries and income from lower of cost or market accounting of financial investments.Sundry ordinary expenses mainly include costs

for hard revenue transfers between UBS AG Parent Bank(Parent Bank) and its subsidiaries and expenses from lower of cost or market accounting of financial investments. Hard transfers of costs and revenues are performed on an arm’s length basis and are settled in cash between UBS AG (Parent Bank) and its subsidiaries.

Dispensations in statutory financial statements

As UBS Group prepares consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS, UBS AG (Parent Bank) is dispensed from various disclosures in the statutory financial statements. Refer to the IFRS “Consolidatedconsolidated financial statements” in the “Financial Information” section of this reportstatements for more information.

ChangesAccounting for pension funds

FINMA Circular 2008 / 2 “Accounting – banks” permits the use of IAS 19 or Swiss GAAP FER 16 (“FER 16”) in the accounting policies, comparabilityfor the pension plan and other adjustments

Terminationdefined benefit plans. Election of the match funding concept

Match funding wasaccounting standard may be done on a concept employed by UBS to offset the currency risk from subsidiaries denominated in a foreign currency by borrowing the invested amount in that foreign currency.plan-by-plan basis. As of 311 October 2011,2012, UBS has terminated this concept and startedAG (Parent Bank) elected to makeadopt FER 16 for the borrowings in Swiss francs for subsidiaries denominated inpension plan. FER 16 requires recognizing the employer contributions to the pension fund as personnel expenses. The employer contributions to the Swiss pension fund are determined as a foreign currency.

percentage of compensation. Under FER 16 it is periodically assessed whether, from the match funding concept,point of view of UBS has translatedAG (Parent Bank), an economic benefit or obligation arises from the match funded foreign investments at the spot exchange rate atpension fund which, when conditions are met, is recorded on the balance sheet date intosheet. The financial statements of the pension fund prepared in accordance with Swiss francs. The related foreign currency gainsGAAP FER 26 (“FER 26”) are used for the assessment.

    UBS AG (Parent Bank) continues to apply IAS 19 to the International defined benefit plans. As of 1 October 2012, UBS AG (Parent Bank) has adopted the revisions to IAS 19 issued by the IASB in June 2011. For Swiss GAAP, remeasurements of the defined benefit obligation and losses were reflected in the balance sheet lineInvestment in subsidiaries and other participations andplan assets are recognized in the income statement;statement rather than equity. Key differences between FER 16 / 26 and IAS 19R include the foreign currency gainstreatment of future salary increases, which are not considered under FER 16 / 26, and lossesthe determination of the borrowing in a foreign currency were also reflected in the income statement.

After the termination of the match funding concept UBS changed the accounting policy for the foreign currency translation of investments in subsidiaries. Under the revised policy, the investments in subsidiaries are reported at cost less impairment and any life-to-date foreign currency gains and losses are no longer reflected in the investment in subsidiaries account unless the investment is considered impaired.

    At transition date, the difference between the reversal of the life-to-date foreign currency gains and losses on investments in subsidiaries and the consequential and largely offsetting effects from increased impairments of investment values was recognized in a deferral account and reported in the balance sheet lines Other asset (for losses) andOther liabilities (for gains). A small population of investments in subsidiaries was written up to cost values based on historical foreign currency rates in a prior year. Respective prior year write-ups resulted in a reclassification from the income statement to the deferral accounts.

    This change in accounting policy resulted in the following effects on the balance sheet: an increase of CHF 121 million inInvestments in subsidiaries and other participations, an increase of CHF 15 million indiscount rate.

 

 

418 464


Financial information

Note 2 Accounting policies (continued)

 

 

b) Changes in accounting policies, comparability and other adjustments

Presentation of certain structured liabilities

Other assets and an increaseIn 2012, UBS amended the balance sheet classification of certain structured liabilities. As a consequence, financial liabilities of CHF 176 million in10.8 billion as of 30 September 2012 were reclassified fromOther liabilities.Money market paper issued The impact toBonds issued and loans from central mortgage institutions. Had UBS not amended the income statement for 2011 wasbalance sheet classification of certain structured liabilities,Money market paper issued would have been CHF 41 million additional expenses presented8.6 billion higher andBonds issued and loans from central mortgage institutions would have been CHF 8.6 billion lower asImpairment of investments in subsidiaries and other participations.31 December 2012.

Performance based equity awardsMeasurement of financial investments not held until maturity

Under Swiss federal banking law, financial investments are carried either at the lower of cost or market value (LOCOM) or at amortized cost less impairment. In 2011,July 2012, the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) issued a “Frequently Asked Questions” document that allows the use of amortized cost for the cost value when applying LOCOM. UBS changed theadopted this accounting policy for the recognitionchange prospectively as of compensation expense for performance-based awards which contain substantive future service / vesting conditions. Compensation expense for these awards is no longer recognized over the future service period, but is recognized in the performance year, which is generally the financial year prior to grant date.1 July 2012. The change in accounting policy resultedhad no material impact on UBS AG’s (Parent Bank) financial statements.

Accounting for pension funds

In the fourth quarter of 2012, UBS AG (Parent Bank) adopted the revisions to IAS 19 issued by the IASB in June 2011 (“IAS 19R”) for the International defined benefit plans, and at the same time adopted FER 16 for the Swiss pension plan.

Further information on the changes introduced by IAS 19R can be found in “Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies” to the consolidated financial statements. The key difference in applying IAS 19R for Swiss GAAP purposes is that it is not permissible to recognize amounts directly in equity. As a result, under Swiss GAAP, all actuarial changes are recognized directly in the following effectsincome statement.

UBS AG (Parent Bank) has elected to apply FER 16 for the Swiss pension plan as it is aligned with the Swiss pension framework. Under FER 16 it is assessed periodically whether, from the point of view of UBS AG (Parent Bank), an economic benefit or obligation arises from the pension fund which, when conditions are met, is recorded on the balance sheet and income statement for 31 December 2011: an increase of CHF 101 million inOther Liabilities and a corresponding increase ofPersonnel Expenses.

Changesheet. In addition, FER 16 requires that employer contributions to the pension fund are recognized directly as personnel expenses in the presentationincome statement.

The cumulative effect of the Balance sheet – Trading portfolio liabilities and comparison period

From 2011 onwards, UBS has changed the presentationadopting these changes in accounting policy as ofTrading portfolio liabilities 1 October 2012 was a debit to improve transparency.Trading portfolio liabilities are presentedextraordinary expenses in a separate balance sheet line by transferring the amounts out ofDue to Banks. The presentation of comparative figures was adjusted accordingly. This change in presentation impacted neither the income statement nor total assetsof CHF 3,063 million relating to the Swiss pension plan and liabilities.

Change inCHF 892 million relating to the presentation of the Income statement

From 2011 onwards, UBS has split the income statement lineDepreciation and write-offs on investments in associated companies and fixed asset into two separate income statement linesImpairment of investments in subsidiaries and other participations andDepreciation of fixed assets to improve transparency. The presentation of comparative figures was adjusted accordingly. This change in presentation impacted neither the income statement nor total assets and liabilities.International defined benefit plans.

 

 

465 419


Financial information

UBS AG (Parent Bank)

 

Additional income statement information

Note 3 Net trading income

 

  For the year ended   % change from   For the year ended % change from 
CHF million  31.12.11 31.12.10   31.12.10   31.12.12   31.12.11 31.12.11 
Investment Bank equities and investment banking   (53  1,890    
Investment Bank investment banking   95     60    58  
      
Investment Bank equities   1,427     (114 
            
Investment Bank fixed income, currencies and commodities   2,312    2,326     (1   2,398     2,312    4  
            
Other business divisions and Corporate Center   1,286    2,285     (44   1,177     1,286    (8
            
Total   3,545    6,501     (45   5,097     3,545    44  
            

Note 4 Extraordinary income and expenses

 

 

  For the year ended  % change from 
CHF million  31.12.11  31.12.10  31.12.10 
Gains from sale of subsidiaries and other participations   192    601    (68
              
Reversal of impairments and provisions of subsidiaries and other participations1   1,352    2,337    (42
              
Prior period related income2   280    968    (71
              
Other extraordinary income   64    51    25  
              
Total extraordinary income   1,888    3,957    (52
              
Losses on the disposal of subsidiaries and other participations   (10  (18  (44
Prior period related expenses3   (639  (160  299  
              
Total extraordinary expenses   (649  (178  265  
              

 

  For the year ended  % change from 
CHF million  31.12.12  31.12.11  31.12.11 
Gains from disposals of subsidiaries and other participations   37    192    (81
              
Reversal of impairments and provisions of subsidiaries and other participations   161    1,352    (88
              
Prior period related income   115    280    (59
              
Other extraordinary income   116    64    81  
              
Total extraordinary income   429    1,888    (77
              
Losses from disposals of subsidiaries and other participations   (67  (10  570  
              
Prior period related expenses   (96  (639  (85
              
Expenses related to changes in pension accounting1   (3,954  0   
              
Total extraordinary expenses   (4,117  (649  534  
              

1  2011 includes prior period related adjustments.   2   In 2011 mainly relatedRefer to equity compensation plans, hedge accounting“Note 2 Accounting policies” for more information with regard to the adoption of FER16 for the Swiss pension plan and financial liabilities designated at fair value.3In 2011 mainly related to valuation corrections on issued structured products, investments in subsidiaries and other participations, hedge accounting and other valuation adjustments, as well as a release of amounts recognized in other liabilities.IAS 19R for International defined benefit plans.

 

420 466


Financial information

 

Additional balance sheet information

Note 5 Other assets and other liabilities

 

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.12   31.12.11   % change from
31.12.11
 
Other assets          
               
Deferred pension expenses   2,980     2,839     0     2,980     (100
               
Settlement and clearing accounts   376     499     470     376     25  
               
VAT and other tax receivables   99     203     178     99     80  
               
Receivables from subsidiaries   1,784     2,277     (22
         
Other receivables   3,096     2,832     606     819     (26
               
Total other assets   6,552     6,373     3,037     6,552     (54
               
Other liabilities          
               
CHF million  31.12.12   31.12.11   % change from
31.12.11
 
Deferral position for hedging instruments   4,400     1,443     5,453     4,400     24  
               
Settlement and clearing accounts   600     581     757     600     26  
               
VAT and other tax payables   360     444     451     360     25  
               
Other payables   1,762     2,250  
Payables to subsidiaries   770     754     2  
         
Other payables1   2,222     1,008     120  
               
Total other liabilities   7,122     4,717     9,653     7,122     36  
               

1  Includes liabilities of CHF 1.3 billion arising from fines and disgorgement resulting from regulatory investigations concerning LIBOR and other benchmark rates.

Note 6 Assets pledged or assigned as security for own obligations andPledged assets subject to reservation of title

 

      31.12.11     31.12.10     Change in % 
CHF million     Book value   Effective liability      Book value   Effective liability      Book value  Effective liability 
Money market paper1    10,034     788      31,575     7,876      (68  (90
                                    
Mortgage loans2    27,841     16,966      27,119     15,706      3    8  
                                    
Securities1    54,869     21,027      60,989     26,308      (10  (20
                                    
Other    4,897     0      5,790     0      (15 
                                    
Total    97,640     38,781      125,473     49,890      (22  (22
                                    
      31.12.12     31.12.11     Change in % 
CHF million     Carrying
value of
pledged
assets
   Associated
liability
recognized
on the
balance
sheet
      Carrying
value of
pledged
assets3
   Associated
liability
recognized
on the
balance
sheet
      Carrying
value of
pledged
assets
  Associated
liability
recognized
on the
balance
sheet
 
Money market paper    1,880     1,226      3,056     788      (38  56  
                                    
Mortgage loans1    33,928     21,902      27,841     16,966      22    29  
                                    
Securities    49,316     26,889      41,892     21,027      18    28  
                                    
Pledges of precious metals to subsidiaries    4,163     0      4,364     0      (5 
                                    
Total2    89,287     50,017      77,152     38,781      16    29  
                                    

1  Includes positionsThese pledged tomortgage loans serve as collateral for existing liabilities against Swiss central mortgage institutions and for existing covered bond issuances. Of these pledged mortgage loans, approximately CHF 7.5 billion for 31 December 2012 (31 December 2011: approximately CHF 5.7 billion) could be withdrawn or used for future liabilities or covered bond issuances without breaching existing collateral requirements.  2  Does not include assets placed with central banks related to undrawn credit lines and for credit facilities which are committed but undrawn.  payment, clearing and settlement purposes (31 December 2012: CHF 3.5 billion, 31 December 2011: CHF 2.0 billion).  23  Includes mortgage loans transferred  Comparative data has been restated due to a change in the definition of pledged assets. Refer to “Note 1b Changes in accounting policies, comparability, and other adjustments” in the consolidated financial statements for security purposes in preparation of existing and upcoming covered bond issuances.more information.

 

FinancialUBS AG (Parent Bank) pledges assets are mainly pledged in securities borrowing and lending transactions, in repurchase and reverse repurchase transactions, under collateralized credit lines with central banks, against loans from Swiss mortgage institutions, in connection with derivative transactions, as

security deposits for stock exchanges and clearinghouseclearing house memberships, or transferred for security purposesand in connection with the issuance of covered bonds.

 

 

Note 7 Due to UBS pension plans

      For the year ended     % change from 
CHF million     31.12.11   31.12.10      31.12.10 
Obligations due to UBS pension plans    650     682      (5
                    

467 421


Financial information

UBS AG (Parent Bank)

 

Note 7 Swiss pension plan and International defined benefit plans

a) Liabilities due to Swiss pension plan and International defined benefit plans

 

  For the year ended 
CHF million  31.12.12   31.12.11 
Provisions for Swiss pension plan   0     0  
           
Provisions for International defined benefit plans   510     98  
           
Total provisions for Swiss pension plan and International defined benefit plans1   510     98  
           
UBS debt instruments and bank accounts at UBS held by Swiss pension fund   611     516  
           
UBS derivative financial instruments held by UBS Swiss pension fund   98     36  
           
Total liabilities due to Swiss pension plan and International defined benefit plans   1,219     650  
           

1  Refer to “Note 8 Allowances and provisionsprovisions”.

b) Swiss pension plan1

 

CHF million  Balance at
31.12.10
   Provisions applied
in accordance
with their
specified purpose
  Recoveries,
doubtful interest,
currency translation
differences
  Provisions released
to income
  New provisions
charged to income
   Balance at
31.12.11
 
Default risks   964     (212  18    (211  243     802  
                            
Litigation risks   151     (144  5    (34  122     101  
                            
Operational risks   25     (14  2    (9  17     22  
                            
Retirement benefit plans   90     (43  3    0    48     98  
                            
Restructuring provisions   80     (49  (9  (40  210     191  
                            
Deferred taxes   4      0     2     6  
                            
Other provisions1   982     (59  4    (153  158     931  
                            
Total allowances and provisions   2,296     (522  23    (447  801     2,150  
                            
Allowances deducted from assets   872          738  
                            
Total provisions as per balance sheet   1,424          1,412  
                            

 

  As of or for the year ended 
CHF million  31.12.12  31.12.11 
Pension cost recognized in UBS’s income statement under IAS 19 until 30 September 2012   (128  353  
          

of which: current service cost

   357    353  
          

of which: past service cost related to plan amendment

   (485  0  
          
Employer contributions for the period recognized in UBS’s income statement under FER 16 from 1 October 2012   108    N/A  
          
Performance awards related employer contributions accrued   14    N/A  
          
Total pension expense recognized in UBS’s income statement within Personnel expenses2   (6  353  
          

1Includes provisions  The pension plan surplus of CHF 2584,115 million as of 31 December 2011 (31 December 2010: CHF 230 million) related to parental support provided by2012 (CHF 4,023 million as of 1 October 2012) is determined in accordance with FER 26 and consists of the reserve for the fluctuation in asset value. The surplus did not represent an economic benefit for UBS AG to subsidiaries in the form of indemnities, letters of support, letters of undertaking and similar arrangements. Also includes reinstatement cost provisions for leasehold improvements of CHF 70 millionaccordance with FER 16 as of 31 December 2011 (31 December 2010: CHF 83 million), provisions for onerous lease contracts and for employee benefits (service anniversaries and sabbatical leave).2012 or 1 October 2012.  

Note 9 Statement of shareholders’ equity

CHF million  Share
capital
   General statutory
reserves
  Reserves for
own shares
  Other
reserves
  Profit /(loss)
for the year
  Total shareholders’
equity (before
distribution of profit)
 
As of 31.12.09 and 1.1.10   356     30,377    835    2,042    (5,041  28,569  
                           
Capital increase     1       1  
                           
Capital increase related to Mandatory Convertible Notes (MCNs)   27         27  
                           
Profit/(loss) allocation     (2,999   (2,042  5,041    0  
                           
Prior year dividend         0  
                           
Profit/(loss) for the period        6,123    6,123  
                           
Changes in reserves for own shares      (402  402     0  
                           
As of 31.12.10 and 1.1.11   383     27,379    432    402    6,123    34,719  
                           
Capital increase     14       14  
                           
Profit/(loss) allocation     4,525     1,598    (6,123  0  
                           
Prior year dividend         0  
                           
Profit/(loss) for the period        5,440    5,440  
                           
Changes in reserves for own shares1     432    634    (1,066   0  
                           
As of 31.12.11   383     32,350    1,066    934    5,440    40,174  
                           

12The reserve for own shares  In addition, extraordinary expenses of CHF 4323,063 million at 31 December 2010 consistingwere recognized in the income statement related to changes in accounting for the UBS Swiss pension plan. These extraordinary expenses included the reversal of capital contribution reserves was transferred to general statutory reserves following the issue of own shares to settle employee share awards. Purchases of new shares during 2011 required the transfercredit of CHF 1,066485 million fromshown on the line Past service cost related to plan amendments.

The Swiss pension plan had no employer contribution reserve in 2012 or 2011. Details on the Swiss pension plan and International defined benefit plans can be found in “Note 30 Pension and other reservespost-employment benefit plans” to reserves for own shares.the consolidated financial statements.

 

422468


Financial information

 

Note 8 Allowances and provisions

CHF million  Balance at
31.12.11
   Provisions applied
in accordance
with their
specified purpose
  Recoveries,
doubtful interest,
currency translation
differences and
reclassifications
  Provisions released
to income
  New provisions
charged to income
  Balance at
31.12.12
 
Default risks   802     (129  81    (220  221    754  
                           

of which: specific allowances for due from customers and mortgage loans

   593     (129  79    (165  195    573  
                           

of which: specific allowances for due from banks

   17     0    0    (7  12    22  
                           

of which: collective loan loss allowances1

   128       (28  12    113  
                           

of which: provisions for loan commitments and guarantees

   64      1    (20  2    47  
                           
Operational risks   22     (12  0    (6  19    23  
                           
Litigation risks2   101     (1,152)3,4   51    (47  1,5484   501  
                           
Restructuring   191     (161  (14  (53  1,6505   1,612  
                           
Real estate6   100     (19  9    (4  3    88  
                           
Employee benefits   216     (58  (3  (61  141    235  
                           
Defined benefit plans   98     (34  19    (222)7   6497   510  
                           
Provisions related to parental support provided by UBS AG (Parent Bank) to subsidiaries in the form of indemnities, letter of support, letters of undertaking and similar agreements   258     (249   (8  84    84  
                           
Deferred taxes   6      (8   2    0  
                           
Other provisions8   357     (8  (42  (3  30    334  
                           
Total allowances and provisions   2,150     (1,821  92    (625  4,347    4,142  
                           
Allowances deducted from assets   738         707  
                           
Total allowances and provisions as per balance sheet   1,412         3,435  
                           

1  Mainly relates to due from customers.  2  Includes provisions for litigation resulting from security risks.  3  Represents amounts paid out for the intended purpose and amounts transferred to Other liabilities – Other payables, presented in “Note 5 Other assets / Other liabilities” for liabilities, which are no longer uncertain in timing or amount.  4  Mainly relates to provisions arising from fines and disgorgement resulting from regulatory investigations concerning LIBOR and other benchmark rates.  5  Refer to “Note 39 Swiss banking law requirements” in the consolidated financial statements for more information with regard to differences between IFRS and Swiss Federal Banking Law with respect to timing of recognizing restructuring provisions.  6  Includes provisions for onerous lease contracts of CHF 22 million as of 31 December 2012 (31 December 2011: CHF 30 million) and reinstatement cost provisions for leasehold improvements of CHF 66 million as of 31 December 2012 (31 December 2011: CHF 70 million).  7  Of the total provision release of CHF (222) million, CHF (119) million related to the adoption of IAS 19R for the International defined benefit plans. Of the total charge to income of CHF 649 million, CHF 610 million related to the adoption of IAS 19R for the International defined benefit plans. The net expense of CHF 490 million (CHF 610 million charge less CHF 119 million release) was recorded as extraordinary expense.  8  Includes a reinvestment relief provision related to the sale of UBS Pactual in 2009.

469


Financial information

UBS AG (Parent Bank)

Note 9 Statement of shareholders’ equity

CHF million  Share
capital
   General
statutory
reserve
  Reserve
for own
shares
  Other
reserves
  Profit /(loss)
for the year
  Total shareholders’
equity (before
distribution of capital
contribution reserve)
 
As of 31 December 2010 and 1 January 2011   383     27,379    432    402    6,123    34,719  
                           
Capital increase     14       14  
                           
Profit / (loss) appropriation     4,525     1,598    (6,123  0  
                           
Prior year dividend         0  
                           
Profit / (loss) for the period        5,440    5,440  
                           
Changes in reserve for own shares     432    634    (1,066   0  
                           
As of 31 December 2011 and 1 January 2012   383     32,350    1,066    934    5,440    40,174  
                           
Capital increase   0     26       26  
                           
Profit / (loss) appropriation       5,440    (5,440  0  
                           
Prior year dividend     (379     (379
                           
Profit / (loss) for the period        (6,645  (6,645
                           
Changes in reserve for own shares      (176  176     0  
                           
As of 31 December 2012   384     31,997    889    6,551    (6,645  33,176  
                           

Note 10 Share capital and significant shareholders

 

    Par value   Dividend bearing 
    No. of shares   

Capital in

CHF

   No. of shares   

Capital in

CHF

 
As of 31 December 2012        
                     
Issued   3,835,250,233     383,525,023     3,747,463,874     374,746,387  
                     

of which: shares outstanding

   3,747,370,632     374,737,063     3,747,370,632     374,737,063  
                     

of which: treasury shares held by UBS AG (Parent Bank)1

   87,786,359     8,778,636      
                     

of which: treasury shares held by subsidiaries of UBS AG (Parent Bank)1

   93,242     9,324     93,242     9,324  
                     
Conditional share capital   625,510,992     62,551,099      
                     
As of 31 December 2011        
                     
Issued   3,832,121,899     383,212,190     3,747,370,803     374,737,080  
                     

of which: shares outstanding

   3,747,166,348     374,716,635     3,747,166,348     374,716,635  
                     

of which: treasury shares held by UBS AG (Parent Bank)1

   84,751,096     8,475,110      
                     

of which: treasury shares held by subsidiaries of UBS AG (Parent Bank)1

   204,455     20,446     204,455     20,446  
                     
Conditional share capital   628,639,326     62,863,933      
                     

1 During 2012, 114.3 million treasury shares were acquired at market prices and 111.4 million treasury shares were disposed of, mainly related to the delivery of shares under employee share based compensation plans.

    Par value   Dividend bearing 
    No. of shares   Capital in
CHF
   No. of shares   Capital in
CHF
 
As of 31.12.11        
                     
Issued and paid up   3,832,121,899     383,212,190      
                     

of which: shares outstanding

   3,747,166,348     374,716,635     3,747,166,348     374,716,635  
                     

of which: treasury shares held by UBS AG

   84,751,096     8,475,110      
                     

of which: treasury shares held by subsidiaries of UBS AG

   204,455     20,446     204,455     20,446  
                     
Conditional share capital   628,639,326     62,863,933      
                     
As of 31.12.10        
                     
Issued and paid up   3,830,840,513     383,084,051      
                     

of which: shares outstanding

   3,791,948,482     379,194,848     3,791,948,482     379,194,848  
                     

of which: treasury shares held by UBS AG

   38,487,074     3,848,707      
                     

of which: treasury shares held by subsidiaries of UBS AG

   404,957     40,496     404,957     40,496  
                     
Conditional share capital   629,920,712     62,992,071      
                     

 

Conditional share capital

OnAs of 31 December 2011,2012, 145,510,992 additional shares (31 December 2011: 148,639,326 sharesshares) could have been issued to fund UBS’sUBS‘s employee share option programs. Further conditional capital of up to 100,000,000 shares was available in connection with an arrangement with the Swiss National Bank (SNB). The SNB provided a loan to a fund owned and controlled by the SNB (the SNB StabFund), to which UBS transferred certain illiquid securities and other positions. As part of this

arrangement, UBS granted warrants on shares to the SNB and these warrants become exercisable if the SNB incurs a loss on its loan to the SNB StabFund. On

Further on 14 April 2010, the annual general meetingAnnual General Meeting of UBS AG (Parent Bank) shareholders approved the creation of conditional capital to a maximum amount of 380,000,000 shares for conversion rights/rights / warrants granted in connection with the issuance of bonds or similar financial instruments.

470


Financial information

Significant shareholders

According to disclosure notifications filed with UBS AG and the SIX under the Swiss Stock Exchange Act, on 30 September 2011, Norges Bank (the Central Bank of Norway), Oslo, disclosed under the Swiss Stock Exchange Act, a holding of 3.04% of the total share capital of UBS AG. On 16 April 2011, the Capital Group Companies, Inc., Los Angeles, disclosed under the Swiss Stock

Exchange Act, that their holding of 4.90% of the total share capital of UBS AG, disclosed on 8 June 2010, fell below the threshold of 3%. On 12 March 2010, the Government of Singapore Investment Corp., Singapore, as beneficial owner, disclosed under the Swiss Stock Exchange Act, a holding by the Government of Singapore Investment Corp. of 6.45% of the total share capital of UBS AG.. On 17 December 2009, BlackRock Inc., New York, disclosed under the Swiss Stock Exchange Act a holding of 3.45% of the total share capital of UBS AG.. In accordance with the Swiss Stock Exchange Act, the percentages indicated above were calculated in relation to the total UBS share capital reflected in the Articles of Association of UBS AG (Articles of Association) at the time of the respective disclosure

notification. Information on disclosures under the Swiss Stock Exchange Act can be found on the following website of the SIX:http://www.six-exchange-regulation.com/www. six-exchange-regulation.com/obligations/disclosure/major_
shareholders_en.html.major_share-holders_en.html.

According to our share register, the shareholders (acting in their own name or in their capacity as nominees for other investors or beneficial owners) listed in the table “Significant shareholders” table below were registered with 3% or more of the total share capital on 31 December 2012, 2011 and 2010.

 è 

Refer to the “Corporate governance” section of this report for more information on significant shareholders’shareholders and shareholdersshareholders’ participation rights

 

 

Shareholders registered in the UBS shares register with 3% or more of shares issued

Shareholders registered in the UBS shares register with 3% or more of shares issued

  

Shareholders registered in the UBS shares register with 3% or more of shares issued

  

       31.12.11             31.12.10             31.12.12             31.12.11      
  Quantity   Total nominal
value CHF million
   Share %   Quantity   Total nominal
value CHF million
   Share %   Quantity   Total nominal
value (CHF million)
   Share %   Quantity   Total nominal
value (CHF million)
   Share % 
Chase Nominees Ltd, London   419,533,402     42     10.95     409,822,353     41     10.70     457,784,081     46     11.94     419,533,402     42     10.95  
                                    
DTC (Cede & Co.), New York1   270,808,806     27     7.07     280,355,684     28     7.32     202,368,918     20     5.28     270,808,806     27     7.07  
                                    
Government of Singapore Investment Corp., Singapore   245,481,682     25     6.41     245,481,682     25     6.41     245,517,417     25     6.40     245,481,682     25     6.41  
                                    
Nortrust Nominees Ltd, London   160,917,513     16     4.20     145,038,407     15     3.79     147,144,758     15     3.84     160,917,513     16     4.20  
                                    

1DTC (Cede & Co.), New York, “The Depository Trust Company”, is a US securities clearing organization.

423


Financial information

UBS AG (Parent Bank)

Note 11 Transactions with related parties

 

Transactions with related parties (such as securities transactions, payment transfer services, borrowing and compensation for deposits) are conducted at internally agreed transfer prices or at arm’s length. Refer to the “Compensation of the members of the Board of Directors and the Group Executive Board” section for information on loans granted to GEB and BoD members. Amounts due from / to subsidiaries are disclosed on the “Balance sheet”.

 

424471


Financial information

Financial information

UBS AG (Parent Bank)

 

Off-balance-sheet and other information

Note 12 Commitments and contingent liabilities

 

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   % change from
31.12.10
   31.12.12   31.12.11   % change from
31.12.11
 
Contingent liabilities   131,510     102,820     28     115,254     137,661     (16
                  

of which: Guarantees to third parties related to subsidiaries

   97,335     121,072     (20
         

of which: credit guarantees and similar instruments

   7,676     7,595     1  
         

of which: performance guarantees and similar instruments

   2,847     2,843     0  
         

of which: documentary credits

   7,397     6,151     20  
         
Irrevocable commitments   90,102     106,304     (15   68,420     66,107     3  
                  
Irrevocable securities delivery obligations related to forward starting repos and securities lending transactions   23,279     27,215     (14

of which: loan commitments

   67,448     64,302     5  
         

of which: underwriting commitments

   0     850     (100
         

of which: payment commitment related to deposit insurance

   972     955     2  
         
Forward starting transactions1   33,510     47,273     (29
         

of which: reverse repurchase agreements

   22,321     23,491     (5
         

of which: securities borrowing agreements

   249     503     (50
         

of which: repurchase agreements

   10,940     23,279     (53
                  
Liabilities for calls on shares and other equities   126     168     (25   63     126     (50
                  
Documentary credits   6,151     4,278     44  
         

1  Cash to be paid in the future by either UBS or the counterparty.

The table above includes indemnities and guarantees issued by UBS AG (Parent Bank) for the benefit of subsidiaries and creditors of subsidiaries. In instances wherein which the indemnity amount issued by the Parent BankUBS AG (Parent Bank) is not specifically defined, the indemnity relates to the solvency or minimum capitalization of a subsidiary, and therefore no amount is included in the table above.

Irrevocable commitments and securities delivery obligations: irrevocable commitments include cash payment obligations from

forward starting reverse repurchase agreements and securities borrowing transactions. Irrevocable securities delivery obligations related to forward-starting repos and securities lending transactions are presented on a separate line.

In addition, UBS AG (Parent Bank) is jointly and severally liable for the value added tax (VAT) liability of Swiss subsidiaries that belong to its VAT group. This contingent liability is not included in the table above.

 

 

Note 13 Derivative instruments1

 

       31.12.11             31.12.10             31.12.12             31.12.11      
CHF million  PRV2   NRV3   Notional
amount
CHF billion
   PRV2   NRV3   Notional
amount
CHF billion
 
CHF million, unless indicated otherwise  PRV2   NRV3   Notional
amount
(CHF billion)
   PRV2   NRV3   Notional
amount
(CHF billion)
 
Interest rate contracts   264,146     252,725     36,209     176,918     166,919     32,963     238,567     234,016     28,129     264,146     252,725     36,209  
                                    
Credit derivative contracts   67,364     62,704     2,737     57,812     50,578     2,345     31,935     33,152     2,400     67,364     62,704     2,737  
                                    
Foreign exchange contracts   97,158     106,117     6,323     113,514     122,843     6,561     83,808     93,450     6,689     97,158     106,117     6,323  
                                    
Precious metal contracts   4,193     3,924     99     3,784     3,755     71     1,789     2,118     109     4,193     3,924     99  
                                    
Equity / Index contracts   16,538     18,105     416     16,281     19,455     483  
Equity/Index contracts   13,397     15,018     505     16,538     18,105     416  
                                    
Commodities contracts, excluding precious metal contracts   775     1,012     110     894     927     41     797     852     86     775     1,012     110  
                                    
Total derivative instruments   450,173     444,587     45,894     369,203     364,477     42,463  
Total before netting4   370,293     378,606     37,918     450,173     444,587     45,894  
                                    
Replacement value netting   385,593     385,593       303,754     303,754       335,087     335,087       385,593     385,593    
                                    
Replacement values after netting   64,580     58,994       65,449     60,723    
Total after netting   35,206     43,518       64,580     58,994    
                                    

1  Bifurcated embedded derivatives are presented in the same balance sheet line as the host contract and are excluded from this table2  PRV: Positive replacement value.3  NRV: Negative replacement value.4  Replacement values are presented net of cash collateral, where applicable.

472


Financial information

Note 14 Fiduciary transactions

 

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   % change from
31.12.10
   31.12.12   31.12.11   % change from
31.12.11
 
Deposits:     ��      
                  
with third-party banks   9,375     11,529     (19   6,175     9,375     (34
                  
with subsidiaries   2,346     1,740     35     2,261     2,346     (4
                  
Total   11,721     13,269     (12   8,436     11,721     (28
                  

Fiduciary transactions encompass transactions entered into or granted by UBS that result in holding or placing assets on behalf of individuals, trusts, defined benefit plans and other institutions. Unless the recognition criteria for the assets are satisfied, these assets and the related income are excluded from UBS AG’s (Parent Bank) balance sheet and income statement, but disclosed in this Note as off-balance

sheet fiduciary transactions. Client deposits which are initially placed as fiduciary transactions with UBS AG (Parent Bank) may be recognized on UBS AG’s (Parent Bank) balance sheet in situations in which the deposit is subsequently placed within UBS AG (Parent Bank). In such cases, these deposits are not reported in the table above.

 

425473


Financial information

UBS AG (Parent Bank)

 

Compensation of the members of the Board of Directors and the Group Executive Board

Total compensation for GEB members for the performance years 2011 and 2012

 

CHF, except where indicateda

  Variable cash
compensation under
CBP
  

 

 
Name, function For the year Base salary  Immediate
cashb
  Deferred
cash5,b
  Annual
bonus
under PEPc
  Annual
bonus  under
SEEOPd
  Benefits
in kinde
  Contributions
to retirement
benefit plansf
  Total 
Sergio P. Ermotti, Group CEO1 2011  1,394,445    553,200    1,290,800    922,000    1,844,000    195,450    150,816    6,350,711  
                                   
Oswald J. Grübel, former Group CEO2 2011  2,191,667    0    0    0    0    35,971    0    2,227,638  
                                   
Oswald J. Grübel, former Group CEO 2010  3,000,000    0    0    0    0    25,600    0    3,025,600  
                                   
Robert J. McCann, CEO Wealth Management         
Americas (highest-paid) 2011  1,321,538    1,869,233    1,246,155    1,557,694    3,115,388    67,053    6,264    9,183,325  
                                   
Carsten Kengeter, CEO Investment Bank (highest-paid) 2010  874,626    1,002,496    2,339,158    1,670,827    3,341,654    92,547    0    9,321,308  
                                   
Aggregate of all GEB members who were in office on 31 December 20113 2011  15,962,737    11,929,365    8,874,910    10,402,137    20,804,274    1,165,601    995,290    70,134,314  
                                   
Aggregate of all GEB members who were in office on 31 December 20103 2010  14,705,894    15,588,145    14,451,756    15,019,951    30,039,901    381,851    843,402    91,030,900  
                                   
Aggregate of all GEB members who stepped down during 20114 2011  4,155,602    509,201    1,166,759    0    962,768    171,954    80,499    7,046,783  
                                   
Aggregate of all GEB members who stepped down during 20104 2010  755,950    1,380,000    920,000    0    0    78,817    118,334    3,253,101  
                                   

CHF, except where indicateda

 
Name, function For the year Base salary  

Immediate
cash

(for 2011
under CBP)b

  Annual
performance
award under
EOPc
  Annual
performance
award under
DCCPd
  Deferred
cash under
CBP1, b
  Annual
performance
award under
PEPe
  

Annual

performance

award under
SEEOPf

  

Benefits

in kindg

  Contributions
to retirement
benefit plansh
  Total 
Sergio P. Ermotti, Group CEO 2012  2,500,000    0    3,660,000    2,440,000                69,500    201,088    8,870,588  
                                           
Sergio P. Ermotti, Group CEO2 2011  1,394,445    553,200            1,290,800    922,000    1,844,000    195,450    150,816    6,350,711  
                                           

Oswald J. Grübel,

former Group CEO3

 2011  2,191,667    0            0    0    0    35,971    0    2,227,638  
                                           
Robert J. McCann,           

CEO Wealth Management

Americas (highest-paid

after Group CEO)

           
 2012  1,373,130    0    4,278,673    2,852,449                45,004    6,110    8,555,366  
                             ��             

Robert J. McCann,

CEO Wealth Management

           
           
Americas (highest-paid) 2011  1,321,538    1,869,233            1,246,155    1,557,694    3,115,388    67,053    6,264    9,183,325  
                                           
Aggregate of all GEB 2012  16,273,460    0    31,355,592    20,903,728                640,683    1,233,719    70,407,181  
members who were in office at the end of the year4 2011  15,962,737    11,929,365            8,874,910    10,402,137    20,804,274    1,165,601    995,290    70,134,314  
                                           
Aggregate of all GEB 2012  1,593,288    0    0    0                105,865    14,799    1,713,952  
members who stepped down during the year5 2011  4,155,602    509,201            1,166,759    0    962,768    171,954    80,499    7,046,783  
                                           

1  In 2011, for Sergio P. Ermotti, due to applicable UK FSA regulations, deferred cash includes blocked shares.  21Sergio P. Ermotti was appointed on 1 April 2011 as GEB member and regionalRegional CEO of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. He was appointed on 24 September 2011as the new Group CEO ad interim on 24 September 2011 and confirmed as Group CEO on 15 November 2011.  23  Oswald J. Grübel stepped down on 24 September 2011 as Group CEO.  34Number and distribution of GEB members: 11 GEB members were in office on 31 December 2012 and 12 GEB members were in office on 31 December 2011, 13 GEB members were in office on 31 December 2010.2011.  45  Number and distribution of former GEB members: 2012: includes three months in office as a GEB member for Alexander Wilmot-Sitwell and 10 months in office as a GEB member for Carsten Kengeter. 2011: includes five months in office as a GEB member for John Cryan, nine months for Oswald J. Grübel and 11 months for Maureen Miskovic. 2010: includes three months in office as a GEB member for Francesco Morra.  5  In 2011, for Sergio P. Ermotti, due to applicable UK FSA regulations, deferred cash includes blocked shares. In 2010, for John Cryan, Carsten Kengeter and Alexander Wilmot-Sitwell, due to applicable UK FSA regulations, deferred cash includes blocked shares.

 

Explanation of the tables outlining compensation details for GEB and BoD members

 

 a.

Local currencies are converted into CHF using the exchange rates as detailed in Note 38 “Currency translation rates” toin the consolidated financial statements.“Financial information” section in this report.

 
 b.

OfFor performance year 2012, no immediate cash was paid. For performance year 2011, 40% of the cash2011 performance award was granted in the form of Cash Balance Plan awards, of which 60% is paid out immediately (representing 24% of a GEB member’s total annual bonus)performance award). The balance is paid out in equal installments of 20%, each over the subsequent two years, and is subject to forfeiture.performance adjustments.

 
 c.

Value of each performance share at grant: CHF 13.26For EOP awards for PEP awards granted in 2012 relating to the performance year 2011; CHF 18.702012, the number of shares allocated at grant will be determined by dividing the amount communicated with the average price of UBS shares over the 10 trading days prior to and including the grant date (15 March 2013), which for PEP awards granted in 2011 relating tonotional shares is adjusted for the performance year 2010. These values are basedestimated value of dividends paid on valuations for accounting purposes which take into accountUBS shares over the performance conditions andvesting period. As the rangegrant date occurs after publication, no share price is yet available at the time of possible outcomes for these conditions.publication.

 
 d.

SEEOPDCCP awards vest in equal installments over five yearsfull after year 5 of the five­year vesting period. The amount reflects the principal amount excluding future interest rate. The notional interest rate is set at 6.25% for awards denominated in USD and are subject to forfeiture. The grant date accounting value per share granted under SEEOP is: CHF 12.76 or USD 14.14 (actual shares) and CHF 12.36 or USD 13.70 (notional shares)5.40% for SEEOP awards granteddenominated in 2012 relating to the performance year 2011; CHF 18.43 or USD 19.94 (actual shares) and CHF 18.30 or USD 19.80 (notional shares) for SEEOP awards granted in 2011 relating to the performance year 2010.CHF.

 
 e.

For PEP awards for the performance year 2011, the number of performance shares allocated at grant has been determined by dividing the amount communicated with CHF 12.52 or USD 13.75 (based on the average price of UBS shares over the last 10 trading days of February 2012 adjusted for the estimated value of dividends paid on UBS shares over the vesting period).

f.

For SEEOP awards for the performance year 2011, the number of shares allocated at grant has been determined by dividing the amount communicated with CHF 12.92 or USD 14.19 (for actual shares) and with CHF 12.52 or USD 13.75 (notional shares), based on the average closing price of UBS shares over the last 10 trading days of February 2012, which for notional shares is adjusted for the estimated value of dividends paid on UBS shares over the vesting period.

g.

Benefits in kind are all valued at market price, for example, health and welfare benefits and general expense allowances.

 
 f.h.

Swiss executives participate in the same pension plan as all other employees. Under this plan, UBS makes contributions to the plan, which covers compensation of up to CHF 835,200.835,200 (CHF 842,400 as from 1 January 2013). The retirement benefits consist of a pension, a bridging pension and a one-off payout of accumulated capital. Employees must also contribute to the plan. This figure excludes the mandatory employer’s social security contributions (AHV, ALV), but includes the portion attributed to the employer’s portion of the legal BVG requirement. The employee contribution is included in the base salary and annual incentive award components. In both the US and the UK, senior management participates in the same pension plans as all other employees. In the US, there are separate pension plans for Wealth Management Americas compared with the other business divisions. There are generally two different types of pension plans: grandfathered plans and principal plans. The grandfathered plans, which are no longer open to new hires, operate (depending on the abovementioned distinction by business division) either on a cash balance basis or a career average salary basis. Participants accrue a pension based on their annual compensation limited to USD 250,000 (or USD 150,000 for Wealth Management Americas employees). The principal plans for new hires are defined contribution plans. In the defined contribution plans, UBS makes contributions to the plan based on compensation and limited to USD 245,000250,000 (USD 250,000255,000 as from 1 January 2012)2013). US management may also participate in a 401(k) defined contribution plan (open to all employees), which provides a limited company matching contribution for employee contributions. As from 2 JanuaryIn 2012, the match is not available anymore for Wealth Management Americas employees with a compensation in excess of USD 250,000.250,000 did not receive a company match. Effective 1 January 2013, the match was reinstated for these employees. In the UK, management participates in either the principal pension plan, which operates on a defined contribution basis and is limited to an earnings cap of GBP 100,000, or a grandfathered defined benefit plan which provides a pension upon retirement based on career average base salary (individual caps introduced as of 1 July 2010).

 

 

426474


Financial information

 

Share and option ownership / entitlements of GEB members on 31 December 20102011 / 201120121

Name, function  For the year  Number of
unvested
shares / at risk2
   Number of
vested
shares
   Total
number
of shares
   Potentially
conferred voting
rights in %
   Number of
options3
   Potentially
conferred voting
rights in %4
 
Sergio P. Ermotti, Group Chief Executive Officer  2011   0     0     0     0.000     0     0.000  
                                 
  2010                              
                                  
Oswald J. Grübel, former Group Chief Executive Officer5  2011                              
                                 
  2010   0     0     0     0.000     4,000,000     0.181  
                                  
John Cryan, former Group Chief Financial Officer5  2011                              
                                 
  2010   221,879     185,975     407,854     0.018     382,673     0.017  
                                  
Markus U. Diethelm, Group General Counsel  2011   358,042     91,506     449,548     0.021     0     0.000  
                                 
  2010   178,619     75,700     254,319     0.012     0     0.000  
                                  
John A. Fraser, Chairman and CEO Global Asset Management  2011   460,707     280,414     741,121     0.034     1,088,795     0.050  
                                 
  2010   326,702     316,541     643,243     0.029     1,088,795     0.049  
                                  
Lukas Gähwiler, CEO UBS Switzerland and co-CEO  2011   252,293     37,517     289,810     0.013     0     0.000  
                                 
Wealth Management & Swiss Bank  2010   110,000     850     110,850     0.005     0     0.000  
                                  
Carsten Kengeter, Chairman and CEO Investment Bank  2011   971,575     556,016     1,527,591     0.070     905,000     0.041  
                                 
  2010   916,201     363,047     1,279,248     0.058     905,000     0.041  
                                  
Ulrich Körner, Group Chief Operating Officer and CEO Corporate Center  2011   389,090     95,597     484,687     0.022     0     0.000  
                                 
  2010   177,592     95,597     273,189     0.012     0     0.000  
                                  
Philip J. Lofts, Group Chief Risk Officer  2011   377,614     150,772     528,386     0.024     577,723     0.026  
                                 
  2010   200,009     144,603     344,612     0.016     577,723     0.026  
                                  
Robert J. McCann, CEO Wealth Management Americas  2011   330,047     0     330,047     0.015     0     0.000  
                                 
  2010   138,598     540,866     679,464     0.031     0     0.000  
                                  
Maureen Miskovic, former Group Chief Risk Officer5  2011                              
                                 
  2010                              
                                  
Tom Naratil, Group Chief Financial Officer  2011   221,238     193,836     415,074     0.019     1,046,122     0.048  
                                 
  2010                              
                                  
Alexander Wilmot-Sitwell, co-Chairman and co-CEO Group Asia Pacific  2011   495,553     220,955     716,508     0.033     353,807     0.016  
                                 
  2010   274,739     213,613     488,352     0.022     353,807     0.016  
                                  
Robert Wolf, former Chairman and CEO, UBS Group Americas / President Investment Bank  2011                              
                                 
  2010   242,805     635,382     878,187     0.040     948,473     0.043  
                                  
Chi-Won Yoon, co-Chairman and co-CEO Group Asia Pacific  2011   306,515     350,311     656,826     0.030     623,253     0.029  
                                 
  2010   184,858     318,332     503,190     0.023     623,253     0.028  
                                  
Jürg Zeltner, CEO UBS Wealth Management and co-CEO Wealth Management & Swiss Bank  2011   306,487     11,756     318,243     0.015     205,470     0.009  
                                 
  2010   113,609     9,405     123,014     0.006     205,470     0.009  
                                  
Name, function  For the year  Number of
unvested
shares / at risk2
   Number of
vested
shares
   

Total

number

of shares

   Potentially
conferred voting
rights in %
   Number of
options3
   Potentially
conferred voting
rights in %4
 
Sergio P. Ermotti, Group Chief Executive Officer  2012   220,928     41,960     262,888     0.013     0     0.000  
                                 
  2011   0     0     0     0.000     0     0.000  
                                  
Markus U. Diethelm, Group General Counsel  2012   506,132     126,098     632,230     0.030     0     0.000  
                                 
  2011   358,042     91,506     449,548     0.021     0     0.000  
                                  
John A. Fraser, Chairman and CEO Global Asset Management  2012   617,529     315,270     932,799     0.045     884,531     0.042  
                                 
  2011   460,707     280,414     741,121     0.034     1,088,795     0.050  
                                  
Lukas Gähwiler, CEO UBS Switzerland and CEO Retail & Corporate  2012   412,199     95,537     507,736     0.024     0     0.000  
                                 
  2011   252,293     37,517     289,810     0.013     0     0.000  
                                  
Carsten Kengeter, former co-CEO Investment Bank5  2012                              
                                 
  2011   971,575     556,016     1,527,591     0.070     905,000     0.041  
                                  
Ulrich Körner, Group Chief Operating Officer, CEO Corporate Center and CEO Group EMEA  2012   605,284     121,837     727,121     0.035     0     0.000  
                                 
  2011   389,090     95,597     484,687     0.022     0     0.000  
                                  
Philip J. Lofts, Group Chief Risk Officer  2012   542,402     169,789     712,191     0.034     536,173     0.026  
                                 
  2011   377,614     150,772     528,386     0.024     577,723     0.026  
                                  
Robert J. McCann, CEO Group Americas and CEO Wealth Management Americas  2012   658,470     18,112     676,582     0.032     0     0.000  
                                 
  2011   330,047     0     330,047     0.015     0     0.000  
                                  
Tom Naratil, Group Chief Financial Officer  2012   340,757     233,603     574,360     0.027     935,291     0.045  
                                 
  2011   221,238     193,836     415,074     0.019     1,046,122     0.048  
                                  
Andrea Orcel, CEO Investment Bank  2012   1,755,691     0     1,755,691     0.084     0     0.000  
                                 
                                
                                  
Alexander Wilmot-Sitwell, former co-Chairman and co-CEO Group Asia Pacific5  2012                              
                                 
  2011   495,553     220,955     716,508     0.033     353,807     0.016  
                                  
Chi-Won Yoon, CEO Group Asia Pacific  2012   478,986     370,760     849,746     0.041     578,338     0.028  
                                 
  2011   306,515     350,311     656,826     0.030     623,253     0.029  
                                  
Jürg Zeltner, CEO UBS Wealth Management  2012   522,500     38,329     560,829     0.027     203,093     0.010  
                                 
  2011   306,487     11,756     318,243     0.015     205,470     0.009  
                                  

1  This table includes all vested and unvested shares and options of GEB members, including related parties.  2  Includes shares granted under variable compensation plans with forfeiture provisions. The actual number of shares vesting in the future will be calculated under the terms of the plans. Refer to the “Deferred variable compensation plans” section in this sectionreport for more information on the plans.  3  Refer to “Note 3031 Equity participation and other compensation plans” toin the consolidated financial statements“Financial information” section of this report for more information.  4  No conversion rights are outstanding.5GEB members who stepped down during 2011.2012.

 

427475


Financial information

UBS AG (Parent Bank)

 

Compensation details and additional information for non-independent BoD members

CHF, except where indicateda                                 
Name, function1  For the year   Base salary   Annual bonus
(cash)
   Annual
share award
  Benefits in kinde   Contributions
to retirement
benefit plansf
   Total

Kaspar Villiger, Chairman

   2011     850,000     0     500,0002   144,568     0    1,494,568
                                
   2010     850,000     0     500,0002   141,308     0    1,491,308
                                 

CHF, except where indicateda                                  
Name, function1  For the year   Base salary   Annual performance
award (cash)
   Annual
    share award
  Benefits in kindg   Contributions
to retirement
benefit plansh
   Total 

Axel A. Weber, Chairman

   2012     1,322,581          2,003,9952   69,867     171,898     3,568,341  
                                  
   2011                               
                                   

Kaspar Villiger, former Chairman

   2012     354,167          200,0002   54,926          609,093  
                                  
   2011     850,000     0     500,0002   144,568     0     1,494,568  
                                   

1  Axel A. Weber was the only non-independent member in office on 31 December 2012; Kaspar Villiger did not stand for reelection at the AGM on 3 May 2012. Kaspar Villiger was the only non-independent member in office on 31 December 2011 and 31 December 2010, respectively.  2011.  22These shares are blocked for four years.

Remuneration details and additional information for independent BoD members

 

CHF, except where
indicateda
                                                                                         
Name, function1 Audit
Committee
 Human
Resources &
Compensation
Committee
 Governance
& Nominating
Committee
 Corporate
Responsibility
Committee
 Risk
Committee
 For the
period
AGM to
AGM
 Base fee Committee
retainer(s)
 Benefits
in kind
 Additional
payments
 Total Share
percen-
tage2
   Number of
shares3,4
  Audit
Committee
  

Human
Resources &

Compensation

Committee

  

Governance
& Nominating

Committee

  

Corporate

Responsibility

Committee

  Risk
Committee
  

For the

period

AGM to

AGM

 Base fee 

Committee

retainer(s)

 

Benefits

in kind

 

Additional

payments

 Total 

Share

percen-
tage2

   Number
of shares3,4
 
Michel Demaré, Vice Chairman M    M      2011/2012    325,000    300,000     250,0005   875,000    50     39,845    M       M        2012/2013    325,000    300,000     250,0005   875,000    50     34,233  
                  
 M    M      2010/2011    325,000    300,000     250,0005   875,000    100     52,631    M       M        2011/2012    325,000    300,000     250,0005   875,000    50     39,845  
                  
David Sidwell,   M    C    2011/2012    325,000    500,000     250,0005   1,075,000    50     48,952      M       C      2012/2013    325,000    500,000     250,0005   1,075,000    50     42,057  
                  
Senior Independent Director     C    2010/2011    325,000    400,000     250,0005   975,000    50     30,893      M       C      2011/2012    325,000    500,000     250,0005   1,075,000    50     48,952  
                  
Sally Bott, former member       2011/2012                         
         
  C   M   M     2010/2011    325,000    450,000      775,000    50     24,556  
         
Rainer-Marc Frey, member M      M    2011/2012    325,000    400,000      725,000    100     62,635     M        M      2012/2013    325,000    300,000      625,000    100     46,367  
                  
 M      M    2010/2011    325,000    400,000      725,000    100     43,583    M         M      2011/2012    325,000    400,000      725,000    100     62,635  
                  
Bruno Gehrig, member  M   M      2011/2012    325,000    200,000      525,000    50     23,907  
Bruno Gehrig, former member       2012/2013                   
                  
  M   M      2010/2011    325,000    200,000      525,000    50     16,634     M      M        2011/2012    325,000    200,000      525,000    50     23,907  
                  
Ann F. Godbehere, member M   C    M     2011/2012    325,000    550,000      875,000    50     39,845    M      C         2012/2013    325,000    500,000      825,000    50     32,276  
                  
 M     M     2010/2011    325,000    250,000      575,000    50     18,219    M      C       M       2011/2012    325,000    550,000      875,000    50     39,845  
                  
Axel P. Lehmann, member   M    M    2011/2012    325,000    250,000      575,000    100     49,632      M       M      2012/2013    325,000    300,000      625,000    100     46,367  
                  
     M    2010/2011    325,000    200,000      525,000    100     31,519      M       M      2011/2012    325,000    250,000      575,000    100     49,632  
                  
Wolfgang Mayrhuber, member  M    C     2011/2012    325,000    200,000      525,000    50     23,907     M       C       2012/2013    325,000    200,000      525,000    50     20,539  
                  
  M    M     2010/2011    325,000    150,000      475,000    50     15,050     M       C       2011/2012    325,000    200,000      525,000    50     23,907  
                  
Helmut Panke, member  M     M    2011/2012    325,000    300,000      625,000    50     28,460     M        M      2012/2013    325,000    300,000      625,000    50     24,452  
                  
  M     M    2010/2011    325,000    300,000      625,000    50     19,803     M        M      2011/2012    325,000    300,000      625,000    50     28,460  
                  
William G. Parrett, member C        2011/2012    325,000    300,000      625,000    50     28,460    C        M       2012/2013    325,000    350,000      675,000    50     26,408  
                  
 C        2010/2011    325,000    300,000      625,000    50     19,803    C          2011/2012    325,000    300,000      625,000    50     28,460  
                  
Isabelle Romy, member  M       M        2012/2013    325,000    300,000      625,000    50     24,452  
         
       2011/2012                   
         
Beatrice Weder di Mauro, member  M        M       2012/2013    325,000    250,000      575,000    50     22,496  
         
       2011/2012                   
         
Joseph Yam, member    M   M    2011/2012    325,000    250,000      575,000    50     26,183       M      M      2012/2013    325,000    250,000      575,000    50     22,496  
                  
       2010/2011                              M      M      2011/2012    325,000    250,000      575,000    50     26,183  
                  
Total 2012            7,625,000     
     
Total 2011            7,000,000                 7,000,000     
          
Total 2010            6,700,000     
     

Legend: C = Chairperson of the respective Committee; M = Member of the respective Committee

Legend: C = Chairperson of the respective Committee; M = Member of the respective Committee

          

Legend: C = Chairperson of the respective Committee; M = Member of the respective Committee

          
              

1  There were 11 independent BoD members in office on 31 December 2012. Isabelle Romy and Beatrice Weder di Mauro were appointed at the AGM on 3 May 2012 and Bruno Gehrig did not stand for reelection at the AGM on 3 May 2012. There were 10 independent BoD members in office on 31 December 2011. Joseph Yam was appointed at the AGM on 28 April 2011 and Sally Bott stepped down on 11 February 2011. There were 10 independent BoD members in office on 31 December 2010. Wolfgang Mayrhuber was appointed at the AGM on 14 April 2010, and Sergio Marchionne and Peter Voser stepped down from the BoD at the AGM on 14 April 2010.  2  Fees are paid 50% in cash and 50% in blocked UBS shares. However, independent BoD members can elect to have 100% of their remuneration paid in blocked UBS shares.  3  For 2012, shares valued at CHF 15.03 (average price of UBS shares at SIX Swiss Exchange over the last 10 trading days of February 2013), and were granted with a price discount of 15% for a new value of CHF 12.78. These shares are blocked for four years. For 2011, shares valued at CHF 12.92 (average price of UBS shares at SIX Swiss Exchange over the last 10 trading days of February 2012), includedand were granted with a price discount of 15%, for a new value of discount price CHF 10.98. These shares are blocked for four years. For 2010, shares valued at CHF 18.56 (average price of UBS shares at SIX Swiss Exchange over the last 10 trading days of February 2011), included a price discount of 15%, for a new value of discount price of CHF 15.78. These shares are blocked for four years.  4  Number of shares is reduced in case of the 100% election to deduct social security contribution. All remuneration payments are submittedsubject to social security contribution/with-holdingcontributions / withholding tax.  5  This payment is associated with the Vice Chairman or the Senior Independent Director function, respectively.

 

428476


Financial information

 

Total payments to BoD members

 

CHF, except where indicateda    For the year Total    For the year   Total 
Aggregate of all BoD members   2011    8,494,568      2012     11,802,434  
   2010    8,191,310      2011     8,494,568  
        

Number of shares of BoD members on 31 December 2010 / 20111

  

Number of shares of BoD members on 31 December 2011 / 20121

       
Name, function For the year Number of shares held Voting rights in %  For the year  Number of shares held   Voting rights in % 
Kaspar Villiger, Chairman 2011  49,440    0.002  
Axel A. Weber, Chairman2 2012   200,000     0.010  
 2011       
       
Kaspar Villiger, former Chairman3 2012        
 2010  .22,500    0.001   2011   49,440     0.002  
        
Michel Demaré, Vice Chairman 2011  76,334    0.003   2012   116,179     0.006  
 2010  23,703    0.001   2011   76,334     0.003  
        
David Sidwell, Senior Independent Director 2011  100,247    0.005   2012   149,199     0.007  
 2010  69,354    0.003   2011   100,247     0.005  
        
Sally Bott, former member2 2011        
 2010  39,542    0.002  
 
Rainer-Marc Frey, member 2011  100,042    0.005   2012   162,677     0.008  
 2010  56,459    0.003   2011   100,042     0.005  
        
Bruno Gehrig, member 2011  54,409    0.002  
Bruno Gehrig, former member3 2012        
 2010  37,775    0.002   2011   54,409     0.002  
        
Ann F. Godbehere, member 2011  41,441    0.002   2012   81,286     0.004  
 2010  23,222    0.001   2011   41,441     0.002  
        
Axel P. Lehmann, member 2011  89,971    0.004   2012   139,603     0.007  
 2010  58,452    0.003   2011   89,971     0.004  
        
Wolfgang Mayrhuber, member 2011  15,050    0.001   2012   38,957     0.002  
 2010  0    0.000   2011   15,050     0.001  
        
Helmut Panke, member 2011  109,332    0.005   2012   137,792     0.007  
 2010  89,529    0.004   2011   109,332     0.005  
        
William G. Parrett, member 2011  62,618    0.003   2012   91,078     0.004  
 2010  42,815    0.002   2011   62,618     0.003  
        
Isabelle Romy, member2 2012   0     0.000  
 2011       
       
Beatrice Weder di Mauro, member2 2012   0     0.000  
 2011       
       
Joseph Yam, member 2011  0    0.000   2012   26,183     0.001  
 2010         2011   0     0.000  
        

1  This table includes blocked and unblocked shares held by BoD members, including related parties. No options were granted in 20102011 and 2011.2012.  2  Sally Bott stepped downAxel A. Weber, Isabelle Romy and Beatrice Weder di Mauro were appointed at the AGM on 11 February 2011 as BoD member.3 May 2012.  3  Kaspar Villiger and Bruno Gehrig did not stand for reelection at the AGM on 3 May 2012.

 

429477


Financial information

UBS AG (Parent Bank)

 

Compensation paid to former BoD and GEB members1

CHF, except where indicateda                    
Name, function  For the year   Compensation   Benefits in kind   Total 
Former BoD members   2012     0     0     0  
                    
   2011     0     0     0  
                     
Aggregate of all former GEB members2   2012     0     25,465     25,465  
                    
   2011     0     0     0  
                     
Aggregate of all former BoD and GEB members   2012     0     25,465     25,465  
                    
   2011     0     0     0  
                     

CHF, except where indicateda                    
Name, function  For the year   Compensation   Benefits in kind   Total 
Alberto Togni, former BoD member   2011     0     0     0  
                    
   2010     0     20,493     20,493  
                     
Aggregate of all former GEB members2   2011     0     0     0  
                    
   2010     0     57,229     57,229  
                     
Aggregate of all former BoD and GEB members   2011     0     0     0  
                    
   2010     0     77,722     77,722  
                     

1   Compensation or remuneration that is connected with the former member’s activity on the BoD or GEB or that is not at market conditions.  2   Includes zero former GEB member in 2011 and one former GEB member in 2010.2012 and no former GEB member in 2011.

Total of all vested and unvested shares of GEB members1,21,2

 

  Total   Of which
vested
   Of which vesting 
            2013   2014   2015   2016   2017 
Shares on 31 December 2012   3,414,568     1,531,295     952,668     583,281     347,324     0     0  
                     

  Total Of which
vested
 Of which vesting             2012   2013   2014   2015   2016 
        2012   2013   2014   2015   2016               
Shares on 31 December 2011   2,863,887    1,988,680    408,037     290,631     88,269     88,269     0     2,863,887     1,988,680     408,037     290,631     88,269     88,269     0  
                                    
        2011   2012   2013   2014   2015 
Shares on 31 December 2010   4,409,3453   2,922,4113   582,787     411,339     282,754     105,027     105,027  
               

1   Includes related parties.  2  Excludes shares granted under variable compensation plans with forfeiture provisions.3  Includes 22,500 vested shares of the Chairman.

No individual GEB member holds 1% or more of all shares issued.

Total of all blocked and unblocked shares of BoD members1

 

  Total   Of which
unblocked
   Of which blocked until 
            2013   2014   2015   2016 
Shares on 31 December 2012   1,142,954     56,624     302,118     204,792     231,501     347,919  
                  

  Total Of which
unblocked
 Of which blocked until 
        2012   2013   2014   2015             2012   2013   2014   2015 
Shares on 31 December 2011   698,884    72,775    9,349     115,690     225,995     275,075     698,884     72,775     9,349     115,690     225,995     275,075  
                              
        2011   2012   2013   2014 
Shares on 31 December 2010   440,8512   46,0102   4,266     9,349     127,970     253,256  
            

1 Includes related parties.2 Excludes 22,500 vested shares of the Chairman.

No individual BoD member holds 1% or more of all shares issued.

 

430478


Financial information

Vested and unvested options of GEB members on 31 December 2011 / 20121

 
For the year   
 
 
Total
number  of
options
  
  
2 
  
 
Number of
options
  
3 
  
 
Year of
grant
  
  
   
 
Vesting
date
  
  
   
 
Expiry
date
 
  
   
 
Strike
price
  
  
    
 
For the
year
  
  
   
 
 
Total
number  of
options
  
  
2 
  
 
Number of
options
  
3 
  
 
Year of
grant
  
  
   
 
Vesting
date
  
  
   

 

Expiry

date

  

  

   
 
Strike
price
  
  
                       
Sergio P. Ermotti, Group Chief Executive Officer      Philip J. Lofts, Group Chief Risk Officer (continued)  
2012   0                                117,090    2005     01.03.2008     28.02.2015     CHF 52.32  
2011   0                                117,227    2006     01.03.2009     28.02.2016     CHF 72.57  
                 85,256    2007     01.03.2010     28.02.2017     CHF 73.67  
Markus U. Diethelm, Group General Counsel               74,599    2008     01.03.2011     28.02.2018     CHF 35.66  
2012   0                             2011     577,723    11,445    2002     31.01.2003     31.01.2012     CHF 36.49  
2011   0                                11,104    2002     31.01.2004     31.01.2012     CHF 36.49  
                 11,098    2002     31.01.2005     31.01.2012     CHF 36.49  
John A. Fraser, Chairman and CEO Global Asset Management         1,240    2002     28.02.2003     28.02.2012     CHF 36.65  
2012   884,531    127,884    2003     31.01.2006     31.01.2013     USD 22.53         5,464    2002     28.02.2004     28.02.2012     CHF 36.65  
    170,512    2004     01.03.2007     27.02.2014     USD 38.13         1,199    2002     28.02.2005     28.02.2012     CHF 36.65  
    202,483    2005     01.03.2008     28.02.2015     USD 44.81         9,985    2003     01.03.2004     31.01.2013     CHF 27.81  
    213,140    2006     01.03.2009     28.02.2016     CHF 72.57         9,980    2003     01.03.2005     31.01.2013     CHF 27.81  
        170,512    2007     01.03.2010     28.02.2017     CHF 73.67         9,974    2003     01.03.2006     31.01.2013     CHF 27.81  
2011   1,088,795    76,380    2002     31.01.2005     31.01.2012     USD 21.24         1,833    2003     01.03.2004     28.02.2013     CHF 26.39  
    127,884    2002     28.06.2005     28.06.2012     CHF 37.90         1,830    2003     01.03.2005     28.02.2013     CHF 26.39  
    127,884    2003     31.01.2006     31.01.2013     USD 22.53         1,830    2003     01.03.2006     28.02.2013     CHF 26.39  
    170,512    2004     01.03.2007     27.02.2014     USD 38.13         35,524    2004     01.03.2005     27.02.2014     CHF 44.32  
    202,483    2005     01.03.2008     28.02.2015     USD 44.81         35,524    2004     01.03.2006     27.02.2014     CHF 44.32  
    213,140    2006     01.03.2009     28.02.2016     CHF 72.57         35,521    2004     01.03.2007     27.02.2014     CHF 44.32  
        170,512    2007     01.03.2010     28.02.2017     CHF 73.67         117,090    2005     01.03.2008     28.02.2015     CHF 52.32  
                 117,227    2006     01.03.2009     28.02.2016     CHF 72.57  
Lukas Gähwiler, CEO UBS Switzerland and CEO Retail & Corporate         85,256    2007     01.03.2010     28.02.2017     CHF 73.67  
2012   0                                      74,599    2008     01.03.2011     28.02.2018     CHF 35.66  
2011   0                                      
    Robert J. McCann, CEO Group Americas and  
    CEO Wealth Management Americas  
Carsten Kengeter, former co-CEO Investment Bank4      2012     0                         
2012   -                             2011     0                         
2011   905,000    905,000    2009     01.03.2012     27.12.2019     CHF 40.00               
                       
Ulrich Körner, Group Chief Operating Officer,      Tom Naratil, Group Chief Financial Officer  
CEO Corporate Center and CEO Group EMEA      2012     935,291    63,942    2003     31.01.2006     31.01.2013     USD 22.53  
2012   0                                4,262    2003     28.02.2005     28.02.2013     USD 19.53  
2011   0                                145,962    2004     01.03.2007     27.02.2014     USD 38.13  
                 166,010    2005     01.03.2008     28.02.2015     USD 44.81  
Philip J. Lofts, Group Chief Risk Officer         142,198    2006     01.03.2009     28.02.2016     CHF 72.57  
2012   536,173    9,985    2003     01.03.2004     31.01.2013     CHF 27.81         131,277    2007     01.03.2010     28.02.2017     CHF 73.67  
    9,980    2003     01.03.2005     31.01.2013     CHF 27.81         181,640    2008     01.03.2011     28.02.2018     CHF 35.66  
    9,974    2003     01.03.2006     31.01.2013     CHF 27.81               100,000    2009     01.03.2012     27.02.2019     CHF 11.35  
    1,833    2003     01.03.2004     28.02.2013     CHF 26.39      2011     1,046,122    35,524    2002     31.01.2003     31.01.2012     USD 21.24  
    1,830    2003     01.03.2005     28.02.2013     CHF 26.39         35,524    2002     31.01.2004     31.01.2012     USD 21.24  
    1,830    2003     01.03.2006     28.02.2013     CHF 26.39         35,521    2002     31.01.2005     31.01.2012     USD 21.24  
    35,524    2004     01.03.2005     27.02.2014     CHF 44.32         4,262    2002     29.02.2004     28.02.2012     USD 21.70  
    35,524    2004     01.03.2006     27.02.2014     CHF 44.32         63,942    2003     31.01.2006     31.01.2013     USD 22.53  
        35,521    2004     01.03.2007     27.02.2014     CHF 44.32                4,262    2003     28.02.2005     28.02.2013     USD 19.53  

1   This table includes all options of GEB members, including related parties.   2   No conversion rights are outstanding.  3  Refer to “Note 31 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  4  GEB member who stepped down during 2012.

479


Financial information

UBS AG (Parent Bank)

Vested and unvested options of GEB members on 31 December 2011/20121 (continued)

  

For the year  
 
 
Total
number of
options held
  
  
2 
  
 
Number of
options
  
3 
  
 
Year of
grant
  
  
  
 
Vesting
date
  
  
  
 
Expiry
date
 
  
  
 
Strike
price
  
  
   For the year ended  
 
 
Total
number of
options held
  
  
2 
  
 
Number of
options
  
3 
  
 
Year of
grant
  
  
  
 
Vesting
date
  
  
  
 
Expiry
date
 
  
  
 
Strike
price
  
  
                                                     
               
Tom Naratil, Group Chief Financial Officer (continued) Chi-Won Yoon, CEO Group Asia Pacific (continued)  
   145,962    2004    01.03.2007    27.02.2014    USD 38.13     2011  623,253    11,577    2002    31.01.2002    31.01.2012    USD 21.24  
   166,010    2005    01.03.2008    28.02.2015    USD 44.81        11,229    2002    31.01.2004    31.01.2012    USD 21.24  
   142,198    2006    01.03.2009    28.02.2016    CHF 72.57        11,227    2002    31.01.2005    31.01.2012    USD 21.24  
   131,277    2007    01.03.2010    28.02.2017    CHF 73.67        2,252    2002    28.02.2002    28.02.2012    USD 21.70  
   181,640    2008    01.03.2011    28.02.2018    CHF 35.66        6,446    2002    29.02.2004    28.02.2012    USD 21.70  
       100,000    2009    01.03.2012    27.02.2019    CHF 11.35        2,184    2002    28.02.2005    28.02.2012    USD 21.70  
            8,648    2003    01.03.2004    31.01.2013    USD 20.49  
Andrea Orcel, CEO Investment Bank        8,642    2003    01.03.2005    31.01.2013    USD 20.49  
2012  0                            8,635    2003    01.03.2006    31.01.2013    USD 20.49  
2011  -                            4,262    2003    28.02.2005    28.02.2013    USD 19.53  
            3,374    2003    01.03.2004    28.02.2013    USD 19.53  
Alexander Wilmot-Sitwell, former co-Chairman andco-CEO Group Asia Pacific4        3,371    2003    01.03.2005    28.02.2013    USD 19.53  
2012  -                            3,371    2003    01.03.2006    28.02.2013    USD 19.53  
2011  353,807    53,282    2005    01.03.2008    28.02.2015    CHF 47.58        6,200    2004    01.03.2005    27.02.2014    CHF 44.32  
   2,130    2005    04.03.2007    04.03.2015    CHF 47.89        4,262    2004    27.02.2006    27.02.2014    CHF 44.32  
   35,524    2006    01.03.2007    28.02.2016    CHF 65.97        6,198    2004    01.03.2006    27.02.2014    CHF 44.32  
   35,524    2006    01.03.2008    28.02.2016    CHF 65.97        6,195    2004    01.03.2007    27.02.2014    CHF 44.32  
   35,521    2006    01.03.2009    28.02.2016    CHF 65.97        10,659    2005    01.03.2006    28.02.2015    CHF 47.58  
  

 

 

 

106,570

 

  

 

 

 

 

2007

 

  

 

 

 

 

01.03.2010

 

  

 

 

 

 

28.02.2017

 

  

 

 

 

 

CHF 73.67

 

  

      10,657    2005    01.03.2007    28.02.2015    CHF 47.58  
      

 

 

 

85,256

 

  

 

 

 

 

2008

 

  

 

 

 

 

01.03.2011

 

  

 

 

 

 

28.02.2018

 

  

 

 

 

 

CHF 35.66

 

  

      10,654    2005    01.03.2008    28.02.2015    CHF 47.58  
            21,316    2006    01.03.2007    28.02.2016    CHF 65.97  
Chi-Won Yoon, CEO Group Asia Pacific        21,314    2006    01.03.2008    28.02.2016    CHF 65.97  
2012  578,338    8,648    2003    01.03.2004    31.01.2013    USD 20.49        21,311    2006    01.03.2009    28.02.2016    CHF 65.97  
   8,642    2003    01.03.2005    31.01.2013    USD 20.49        8,881    2007    01.03.2008    28.02.2017    CHF 67.00  
   8,635    2003    01.03.2006    31.01.2013    USD 20.49        8,880    2007    01.03.2009    28.02.2017    CHF 67.00  
   4,262    2003    28.02.2005    28.02.2013    USD 19.53        8,880    2007    01.03.2010    28.02.2017    CHF 67.00  
   3,374    2003    01.03.2004    28.02.2013    USD 19.53        42,628    2008    01.03.2011    28.02.2018    CHF 32.45  
   3,371    2003    01.03.2005    28.02.2013    USD 19.53            350,000    2009    01.03.2012    27.02.2019    CHF 11.35  
   3,371    2003    01.03.2006    28.02.2013    USD 19.53           
   6,200    2004    01.03.2005    27.02.2014    CHF 44.32     Jürg Zeltner, CEO UBS Wealth Management  
   4,262    2004    27.02.2006    27.02.2014    CHF 44.32     

2012

  203,093    4,972    2004    01.03.2007    27.02.2014    CHF 44.32  
   6,198    2004    01.03.2006    27.02.2014    CHF 44.32        7,106    2005    01.03.2006    28.02.2015    CHF 47.58  
   6,195    2004    01.03.2007    27.02.2014    CHF 44.32        7,103    2005    01.03.2007    28.02.2015    CHF 47.58  
   10,659    2005    01.03.2006    28.02.2015    CHF 47.58        7,103    2005    01.03.2008    28.02.2015    CHF 47.58  
   10,657    2005    01.03.2007    28.02.2015    CHF 47.58        93    2005    04.03.2007    04.03.2015    CHF 47.89  
   10,654    2005    01.03.2008    28.02.2015    CHF 47.58        161    2005    06.06.2007    06.06.2015    CHF 45.97  
   21,316    2006    01.03.2007    28.02.2016    CHF 65.97        149    2005    09.09.2007    09.09.2015    CHF 50.47  
   21,314    2006    01.03.2008    28.02.2016    CHF 65.97        127    2005    05.12.2007    05.12.2015    CHF 59.03  
   21,311    2006    01.03.2009    28.02.2016    CHF 65.97        7,106    2006    01.03.2007    28.02.2016    CHF 65.97  
   8,881    2007    01.03.2008    28.02.2017    CHF 67.00        7,103    2006    01.03.2008    28.02.2016    CHF 65.97  
   8,880    2007    01.03.2009    28.02.2017    CHF 67.00        7,103    2006    01.03.2009    28.02.2016    CHF 65.97  
   8,880    2007    01.03.2010    28.02.2017    CHF 67.00        110    2006    03.03.2008    03.03.2016    CHF 65.91  
   42,628    2008    01.03.2011    28.02.2018    CHF 32.45        242    2006    09.06.2008    09.06.2016    CHF 61.84  
       350,000    2009    01.03.2012    27.02.2019    CHF 11.35             230    2006    08.09.2008    08.09.2016    CHF 65.76  

1  This table includes all options of GEB members, including related parties.  2  No conversion rights are outstanding.  3  Refer to “Note 31 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.  4  GEB member who stepped down during 2012.

480


Financial information

 

 

Vested and unvested options of GEB members on 31 December 2010 / 20111

 
For the year   
 
 
Total
number of
options
  
  
2 
  
 
 
Number
of Year of
options
  
  
3 
  grant     
 
Vesting
date
  
  
   Expiry date     
 
Strike
price
  
  
    
 
For the
year
  
  
   
 
 
Total
number of
options
  
  
2 
  
 
Number of
options
  
3 
  
 
Year of
grant
  
  
   
 
Vesting
date
  
  
   

 

Expiry

date

  

  

   
 
Strike
price
  
  
                                                               
                       
Sergio P. Ermotti, Group Chief Executive Officer      John A. Fraser, Chairman and CEO Global Asset Management (continued)  
2011   0                             2010     1,088,795    76,380    2002     31/01/2005     31/01/2012     USD 21.24  
2010                                   127,884    2002     28/06/2005     28/06/2012     CHF 37.90  
                 127,884    2003     31/01/2006     31/01/2013     USD 22.53  
Oswald J. Grübel, former Group Chief Executive Officer4         170,512    2004     01/03/2007     27/02/2014     USD 38.13  
2011                                   202,483    2005     01/03/2008     28/02/2015     USD 44.81  
2010   4,000,000    4,000,000    2009     26/02/2009     25/02/2014     CHF 10.10         213,140    2006     01/03/2009     28/02/2016     CHF 72.57  
                       170,512    2007     01/03/2010     28/02/2017     CHF 73.67  
John Cryan, former Group Chief Financial Officer4               
2011                                Lukas Gähwiler, CEO UBS Switzerland and  
2010   382,673    21,362    2002     31/01/2003     31/01/2012     CHF 36.49      co-CEO Wealth Management & Swiss Bank  
    20,731    2002     31/01/2004     31/01/2012     CHF 36.49      2011     0                         
    20,725    2002     31/01/2005     31/01/2012     CHF 36.49      2010     0                         
    5,454    2002     28/02/2003     28/02/2012     CHF 36.65               
    5,294    2002     28/02/2004     28/02/2012     CHF 36.65      Carsten Kengeter, Chairman and CEO Investment Bank  
    5,292    2002     28/02/2005     28/02/2012     CHF 36.65      2011     905,000    905,000    2009     01/03/2012     27/12/2019     CHF 40.00  
    23,626    2003     01/03/2004     31/01/2013     CHF 27.81      2010     905,000    905,000    2009     01/03/2012     27/12/2019     CHF 40.00  
    23,620    2003     01/03/2005     31/01/2013     CHF 27.81               
    23,612    2003     01/03/2006     31/01/2013     CHF 27.81      Ulrich Körner, Group Chief Operating Officer and CEO Corporate Center  
    5,526    2003     01/03/2004     28/02/2013     CHF 26.39      2011     0                         
    5,524    2003     01/03/2005     28/02/2013     CHF 26.39      2010     0                         
    5,524    2003     01/03/2006     28/02/2013     CHF 26.39               
    17,072    2004     01/03/2005     27/02/2014     CHF 44.32      Philip J. Lofts, Group Chief Risk Officer  
    17,068    2004     01/03/2006     27/02/2014     CHF 44.32      2011     577,723    11,445    2002     31/01/2003     31/01/2012     CHF 36.49  
    17,063    2004     01/03/2007     27/02/2014     CHF 44.32         11,104    2002     31/01/2004     31/01/2012     CHF 36.49  
    14,210    2005     01/03/2006     28/02/2015     CHF 47.58         11,098    2002     31/01/2005     31/01/2012     CHF 36.49  
    14,210    2005     01/03/2007     28/02/2015     CHF 47.58         1,240    2002     28/02/2003     28/02/2012     CHF 36.65  
    14,207    2005     01/03/2008     28/02/2015     CHF 47.58         5,464    2002     28/02/2004     28/02/2012     CHF 36.65  
    5,330    2006     01/03/2007     28/02/2016     CHF 65.97         1,199    2002     28/02/2005     28/02/2012     CHF 36.65  
    5,328    2006     01/03/2008     28/02/2016     CHF 65.97         9,985    2003     01/03/2004     31/01/2013     CHF 27.81  
    5,326    2006     01/03/2009     28/02/2016     CHF 65.97         9,980    2003     01/03/2005     31/01/2013     CHF 27.81  
    17,762    2007     01/03/2008     28/02/2017     CHF 67.00         9,974    2003     01/03/2006     31/01/2013     CHF 27.81  
    17,762    2007     01/03/2009     28/02/2017     CHF 67.00         1,833    2003     01/03/2004     28/02/2013     CHF 26.39  
    17,760    2007     01/03/2010     28/02/2017     CHF 67.00         1,830    2003     01/03/2005     28/02/2013     CHF 26.39  
        53,285    2008     01/03/2011     28/02/2018     CHF 32.45         1,830    2003     01/03/2006     28/02/2013     CHF 26.39  
                 35,524    2004     01/03/2005     27/02/2014     CHF 44.32  
Markus U. Diethelm, Group General Counsel         35,524    2004     01/03/2006     27/02/2014     CHF 44.32  
2011   0                                35,521    2004     01/03/2007     27/02/2014     CHF 44.32  
2010   0                                117,090    2005     01/03/2008     28/02/2015     CHF 52.32  
                 117,227    2006     01/03/2009     28/02/2016     CHF 72.57  
John A. Fraser, Chairman and CEO Global Asset Management         85,256    2007     01/03/2010     28/02/2017     CHF 73.67  
2011   1,088,795    76,380    2002     31/01/2005     31/01/2012     USD 21.24               74,599    2008     01/03/2011     28/02/2018     CHF 35.66  
    127,884    2002     28/06/2005     28/06/2012     CHF 37.90      2010     577,723    11,445    2002     31/01/2003     31/01/2012     CHF 36.49  
    127,884    2003     31/01/2006     31/01/2013     USD 22.53         11,104    2002     31/01/2004     31/01/2012     CHF 36.49  
    170,512    2004     01/03/2007     27/02/2014     USD 38.13         11,098    2002     31/01/2005     31/01/2012     CHF 36.49  
    202,483    2005     01/03/2008     28/02/2015     USD 44.81         1,240    2002     28/02/2003     28/02/2012     CHF 36.65  
    213,140    2006     01/03/2009     28/02/2016     CHF 72.57         5,464    2002     28/02/2004     28/02/2012     CHF 36.65  
    170,512    2007     01/03/2010     28/02/2017     CHF 73.67         1,199    2002     28/02/2005     28/02/2012     CHF 36.65  
                                                                

1  This table includes all options of GEB members, including related parties.  2  No conversion rights are outstanding.  3  Refer to “Note 30 Equity participation and other compensation plans” to the consolidated financial statements for more information.  4  GEB members who stepped down during 2011.

   

431


LOGO 

Vested and unvested options of GEB members on 31 December 2010/20111 (continued)

  

 For the year  
 
 
Total
number of
options held
  
  
2 
  
 
Number of
options
  
3 
  
 
Year of
grant
  
  
  
 
Vesting
date
  
  
  
 
Expiry
date
 
  
  
 
Strike
price
  
  
   For the year ended  
 
 
Total
number of
options held
  
  
2 
  
 
Number of
options
  
3 
  
 
Year of
grant
  
  
  
 
Vesting
date
  
  
  
 
Expiry
date
 
  
  
 
Strike
price
  
  
                                                      
                
 Philip J. Lofts, Group Chief Risk Officer (continued) Alexander Wilmot-Sitwell, co-Chairman and co-CEO Group Asia Pacific (cont.)  
                                                       
    9,985    2003    01/03/2004    31/01/2013    CHF 27.81        35,524    2006    01/03/2008    28/02/2016    CHF 65.97  
                                              
    9,980    2003    01/03/2005    31/01/2013    CHF 27.81        35,521    2006    01/03/2009    28/02/2016    CHF 65.97  
                                              
    9,974    2003    01/03/2006    31/01/2013    CHF 27.81        106,570    2007    01/03/2010    28/02/2017    CHF 73.67  
                                              
    1,833    2003    01/03/2004    28/02/2013    CHF26.39        85,256    2008    01/03/2011    28/02/2018    CHF 35.66  
                                                  
    1,830    2003    01/03/2005    28/02/2013    CHF 26.39     Robert Wolf, former Chairman and CEO, UBS Group Americas/ President Investment Bank   
                         
    1,830    2003    01/03/2006    28/02/2013    CHF 26.39     
                                                  
    35,524    2004    01/03/2005    27/02/2014    CHF 44.32     2011  -       
                                                  
    35,524    2004    01/03/2006    27/02/2014    CHF 44.32     2010  948,473    287,739    2003“’    31/01/2006    31/01/2013    USD 22,53  
                                           
    35,521    2004    01/03/2007    27/02/2014    CHF 44.32        213,140    2004    01/03/2007    27/02/2014    USD 38.13  
                                              
    117,090    2005    01/03/2008    28/02/2015    CHF 52.32        127,884    2005    01/03/2008    28/02/2015    USD 44.81  
                                              
    117,227    2006    01/03/2009    28/02/2016    CHF 72.57        106,570    2006    01/03/2009    28/02/2016    CHF 72.57  
                                              
    85,256    2007    01/03/2010    28/02/2017    CHF 73.67        106,570    2007    01/03/2010    28/02/2017    CHF 73.67  
                                                  
    74,599    2008    01/03/2011    28/02/2018    CHF 35.66        106,570    2008    01/03/2011    28/02/2018    CHF 35.66  
                                                     
 Robert J. McCann, CEO Wealth Management Americas     Chi-Won Yoon, co-Chairman and co-CEO Group Asia Pacific  
                                                      
 2011  0          2011  623,253    11,577    2002    31/01/2002    31/01/2012    USD 21 24  
                                                  
 2010  0             11,229    2002    31/01/2004    31/01/2012    USD 21.24  
                                                  
 Maureen Miskovic, former Group Chief Risk Officer4       

 

 

 

11,227

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

2002

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

29/02/2004

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

28/02/2012

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

USD 21.70

 

 

  

                                                  
 2011  -            

 

 

 

2,252

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

2002

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

28/02/2002

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

28/02/2012

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

USD 21.70

 

 

  

                                                  
 2010  -            

 

 

 

6,446

 

  

 

 

 

 

2002

 

  

 

 

 

 

29/02/2004

 

  

 

 

 

 

28/02/2020

 

  

 

 

 

 

USD 21.70

 

  

                                                 
 Tom Naratil, Group Chief Financial Officer        2,184    2002    28/02/2005    28/02/2012    USD 21.70  
                                                  
 2011  1,046,122    35,524    2002    31.01.2003    31/01/2012    USD21.24        8,648    2003    01/03/2004    31/01/2013    USD 20.49  
                                              
             8,642    2003    01/03/2005    31/01/2013    USD 20.49  
                                              
    35,524    2002    31/01/2004    31/01/2012    USD 21.24       

 

 

 

 

 

8,635

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

2003

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

01/03/2006

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

31/01/2013

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

USD 20.49

 

 

  

                                              
    35,521    2002    31/01/2005    31/01/2012    USD 21.24       

 

 

 

4,262

 

  

 

 

 

 

2003

 

  

 

 

 

 

28/02/2005

 

  

 

 

 

 

28/02/2013

 

  

 

 

 

 

USD 19.53

 

  

                                           
    4,262    2002    29/02/2004    28/02/2012    USD 21.70       

 

 

 

 

 

3,374

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

2003

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

01/03/2004

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

28/02/2013

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

USD 19.53

 

 

  

                                              
    63,942    2003    31/01/2006.    31/01/2013    USD 22.53       

 

 

 

 

 

3,371

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

2003

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

01/03/2005

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

28/02/2013

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

USD 19.53

 

 

  

                              ��               
    4,262    2003    28/02/2005    28/02/2013    USD 19.53        3,371    2003    01/03/2006    28/02/2013    USD 19.53  
                                              
    145,962    2004    01/03/2007    27/02/2014    USD 38.13       

 

 

 

6,200

 

  

 

 

 

 

2004

 

  

 

 

 

 

01/03/2005

 

  

 

 

 

 

27/02/2014

 

  

 

 

 

 

CHF 44.32

 

  

                               
    166,010    2005    01/03/2008    28/02/2015    USD 44.81       

 

 

 

 

 

4,262

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

2004

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

27/02/2006

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

27/02/2014

 

  

 

 

 

 

CHF 44.32

 

  

                                              
    142,198    2006    01/03/2009    28/02/2016    CHF 72.57       

 

 

 

6,198

 

  

 

 

 

 

2004

 

  

 

 

 

 

01/03/2006

 

  

 

 

 

 

27/02/2014

 

  

 

 

 

 

CHF 44.32

 

  

                               
    131,277    2007    01/03/2010    28/02/2017    CHF 73.67       

 

 

 

6,195

 

  

 

 

 

 

2004

 

  

 

 

 

 

01/03/2007

 

  

 

 

 

 

27/02/2014

 

  

 

 

 

 

CHF 44.32

 

  

                                              
    181,640    2008    01/03/2011    28/02/2018    CHF 35.66       

 

 

 

10,659

 

  

 

 

 

 

2005

 

  

 

 

 

 

01/03/2006

 

  

  28/02/2015   

 

 

 

CHF 47.58

 

  

                                              
    100,000    2009    01/03/2012    27/02/2019    CHF 11.35        10,657   

 

 

 

2005

 

  

  01/03/2007    28/02/2015   

 

 

 

CHF 47.58

 

  

                                              
 2010               10,654   

 

 

 

2005

 

  

  01/03/2008    28/02/2015    CHF 47.58  
                                                  
 Alexander Wilmot-Sitwell, co-Chairman and co-CEO Group Asia Pacific        21,316    2006    01/03/2007    28/02/2016    CHF 65.97  
                                                  
 2011  353,807    53,282    2005    01/03/2008    28/02/2015    CHF 47.58       

 

 

 

21,314

 

  

 

 

 

 

2006

 

  

 

 

 

 

01/03/2008

 

  

  28/02/2016    CHF 65.97  
                                              
    2,130    2005    04/03/2007    04/03/2015    CHF 47.89        21,311    2006    01/03/2009    28/02/2016    CHF 65.97  
                                              
             8,881    2007    01/03/2008    28/02/2017    CHF 67.00  
                                              
    35,524    2006    01/03/2007    28/02/2016    CHF 65.97       

 

 

 

8,880

 

  

 

 

 

 

2007

 

  

 

 

 

 

01/03/2009

 

  

 

 

 

 

28/02/2017

 

  

 

 

 

 

CHF 67.00

 

  

                                              
    35,524    2006    01/03/2008    28/02/2016    CHF 65.97       

 

 

 

8,880

 

  

 

 

 

 

2007

 

  

 

 

 

 

01/03/2010

 

  

 

 

 

 

28/02/2017

 

  

 

 

 

 

CHF 67.00

 

  

                                              
    35,521    2006    01/03/2009    28/02/2016    CHF 65.97        42,628    2008    01/03/2011    28/02/2018    CHF 32.45  
                                              
    106,570    2007’    01/03/2010    28/02/2017    CHF 73.67       

 

 

 

350,000

 

  

 

 

 

 

2009

 

  

 

 

 

 

01/03/2012

 

  

 

 

 

 

27/02/2019

 

  

 

 

 

 

CHF 11.35

 

  

                                           
    85,256    2008    01/03/2011    28/02/2018    CHF 35.66     2010  623,253    11,577    2002    31/01/2002    31/01/2012    USD 21.24  
                                              
 2010  353,807    53,282    2005    01/03/2008    28/02/2015    CHF 47.58       

 

 

 

11,229

 

  

 

 

 

 

2002

 

  

 

 

 

 

31/01/2004

 

  

 

 

 

 

31/01/2012

 

  

 

 

 

 

USD 21.24

 

  

                                              
    2,130    2005    04/03/2007    04/03/2015    CHF 47.89        11,227    2002    31/01/2005    31/01/2012    USD 21.24  
                                              
    35,524    2006    01/03/2007    28/02/2016    CHF 65.97       

 

 

 

2,252

 

  

 

 

 

 

2002

 

  

 

 

 

 

28/02/2002

 

  

 

 

 

 

28/02/2012

 

  

 

 

 

 

USD 21.70

 

  

                                                        
 

1  This table includes all options of GEB members, including related parties.  2  No conversion rights are outstanding.3 Refer to “Note 30 Equity participation and other compensation plans” to the consolidated financial statements for more information.  4  GEB members who stepped down during 2011.

    


Financial information

Vested and unvested options of GEB members on 31 December 20102011 / 201120121 (Continued)

 

 

  For the
year
  Total
number  of
options2
   Number  of
options3
   Year of
grant
   

Vesting

date

   Expiry
date
   Strike
price
     For the
year
  Total
number  of
options2
   Number  of
options3
   Year of
grant
   

Vesting

date

   

Expiry

date

   Strike
price
 
 Chi-Won Yoon, co-Chairman and co-CEO Group Asia Pacific (continued)     Jürg Zeltner, CEO UBS Wealth Management and co-CEO Wealth Management & Swiss Bank (continued)   
    6,446     2002     29/02/2004     28/02/2012     USD 21.70          7,106     2006     01/03/2007     28/02/2016     CHF 65.97  
      2,184     2002     28/02/2005     28/02/2012     USD 21.70          7,103     2006     01/03/2008     28/02/2016     CHF 65.97  
      8,648     2003     01/03/2004     31/01/2013     USD 20.49          7,103     2006     01/03/2009     28/02/2016     CHF 65.97  
      8,642     2003     01/03/2005     31/01/2013     USD 20.49          110     2006     03/03/2008     03/03/2016     CHF 65.91  
      8,635     2003     01/03/2006     31/01/2013     USD 20.49          242     2006     09/06/2008     09/06/2016     CHF 61.84  
      4,262     2003     28/02/2005     28/02/2013     USD 19.53          230     2006     08/09/2008     08/09/2016     CHF 65.76  
      3,374     2003     01/03/2004     28/02/2013     USD 19.53          221     2006     08/12/2008     08/12/2016     CHF 67.63  
      3,371     2003     01/03/2005     28/02/2013     USD 19.53          7,105     2007     01/03/2008     28/02/2017     CHF 67.00  
      3,371     2003     01/03/2006     28/02/2013     USD 19.53          7,105     2007     01/03/2009     28/02/2017     CHF 67.00  
      6,200     2004     01/03/2005     27/02/2014     CHF 44.32          7,103     2007     01/03/2010     28/02/2017     CHF 67.00  
      4,262     2004     27/02/2006     27/02/2014     CHF 44.32          223     2007     02/03/2009     02/03/2017     CHF 67.08  
      6,198     2004     01/03/2006     27/02/2014     CHF 44.32          42,628     2008     01/03/2011     28/02/2018     CHF 35.66  
      6,195     2004     01/03/2007     27/02/2014     CHF 44.32              90,000     2009     01/03/2012     27/02/2019     CHF 11.35  
      10,659     2005     01/03/2006     28/02/2015     CHF 47.58     2010   205,470     809     2002     31/01/2003     31/01/2012     CHF 36.49  
      10,657     2005     01/03/2007     28/02/2015     CHF 47.58          784     2002     31/01/2004     31/01/2012     CHF 36.49  
      10,654     2005     01/03/2008     28/02/2015     CHF 47.58          784     2002     31/01/2005     31/01/2012     CHF 36.49  
      21,316     2006     01/03/2007     28/02/2016     CHF 65.97          4,972     2004     01/03/2007     27/02/2014     CHF 44.32  
      21,314     2006     01/03/2008     28/02/2016     CHF 65.97          7,106     2005     01/03/2006     28/02/2015     CHF 47.58  
      21,311     2006     01/03/2009     28/02/2016     CHF 65.97          7,103     2005     01/03/2007     28/02/2015     CHF 47.58  
      8,881     2007     01/03/2008     28/02/2017     CHF 67.00          7,103     2005     01/03/2008     28/02/2015     CHF 47.58  
      8,880     2007     01/03/2009     28/02/2017     CHF 67.00          93     2005     04/03/2007     04/03/2015     CHF 47.89  
      8,880     2007     01/03/2010     28/02/2017     CHF 67.00          161     2005     06/06/2007     06/06/2015     CHF 45.97  
      42,628     2008     01/03/2011     28/02/2018     CHF 32.45          149     2005     09/09/2007     09/09/2015     CHF 50.47  
          350,000     2009     01/03/2012     27/02/2019     CHF 11.35          127     2005     05/12/2007     05/12/2015     CHF 59.03  
 Jürg Zeltner, CEO UBS Wealth Management and co-CEO Wealth Management & Swiss Bank           7,106     2006     01/03/2007     28/02/2016     CHF 65.97  
         7,103     2006     01/03/2008     28/02/2016     CHF 65.97  
 2011   205,470     809     2002     31/01/2003     31/01/2012     CHF 36.49          7,103     2006     01/03/2009     28/02/2016     CHF 65.97  
      784     2002     31/01/2004     31/01/2012     CHF 36.49          110     2006     03/03/2008     03/03/2016     CHF 65.91  
      784     2002     31/01/2005     31/01/2012     CHF 36.49          242     2006     09/06/2008     09/06/2016     CHF 61.84  
      4,972     2004     01/03/2007     27/02/2014     CHF 44.32          230     2006     08/09/2008     08/09/2016     CHF 65.76  
      7,106     2005     01/03/2006     28/02/2015     CHF 47.58          221     2006     08/12/2008     08/12/2016     CHF 67.63  
      7,103     2005     01/03/2007     28/02/2015     CHF 47.58          7,105     2007     01/03/2008     28/02/2017     CHF 67.00  
      7,103     2005     01/03/2008     28/02/2015     CHF 47.58          7,105     2007     01/03/2009     28/02/2017     CHF 67.00  
      93     2005     04/03/2007     04/03/2015     CHF 47.89          7,103     2007     01/03/2010     28/02/2017     CHF 67.00  
      161     2005     06/06/2007     06/06/2015     CHF 45.97          223     2007     02/03/2009     02/03/2017     CHF 67.08  
      149     2005     09/09/2007     09/09/2015     CHF 50.47          42,628     2008     01/03/2011     28/02/2018     CHF 35.66  
      127     2005     05/12/2007     05/12/2015     CHF 59.03          90,000     2009     01/03/2012     27/02/2019     CHF 11.35  
                                                                    
 

1  This table includes all options of GEB members, including related parties.  2  No conversion rights are outstanding.  3  Refer to “Note 30 Equity participation and other compensation plans” to the consolidated financial statements for more information.  4  GEB members who stepped down during 2011.

   

  For the
year
  Total
number  of
options2
   Number  of
options3
   Year of
grant
   

Vesting

date

   Expiry
date
   Strike
price
     For the
year
  Total
number  of
options2
  Number  of
options3
   Year of
grant
   

Vesting

date

   

Expiry

date

   Strike
price
 
 Jürg Zeltner, CEO UBS Wealth Management (continued)     Jürg Zeltner, CEO UBS Wealth Management (continued)  
    221     2006     08.12.2008     08.12.2016     CHF 67.63          149     2005     09.09.2007     09.09.2015     CHF 50.47  
      7,105     2007     01.03.2008     28.02.2017     CHF 67.00          127     2005     05.12.2007     05.12.2015     CHF 59.03  
      7,105     2007     01.03.2009     28.02.2017     CHF 67.00          7,106     2006     01.03.2007     28.02.2016     CHF 65.97  
      7,103     2007     01.03.2010     28.02.2017     CHF 67.00          7,103     2006     01.03.2008     28.02.2016     CHF 65.97  
      223     2007     02.03.2009     02.03.2017     CHF 67.08          7,103     2006     01.03.2009     28.02.2016     CHF 65.97  
      42,628     2008     01.03.2011     28.02.2018     CHF 35.66          110     2006     03.03.2008     03.03.2016     CHF 65.91  
          90,000     2009     01.03.2012     27.02.2019     CHF 11.35          242     2006     09.06.2008     09.06.2016     CHF 61.84  
 2011   205,470     809     2002     31.01.2003     31.01.2012     CHF 36.49          230     2006     08.09.2008     08.09.2016     CHF 65.76  
      784     2002     31.01.2004     31.01.2012     CHF 36.49          221     2006     08.12.2008     08.12.2016     CHF 67.63  
      784     2002     31.01.2005     31.01.2012     CHF 36.49          7,105     2007     01.03.2008     28.02.2017     CHF 67.00  
      4,972     2004     01.03.2007     27.02.2014     CHF 44.32          7,105     2007     01.03.2009     28.02.2017     CHF 67.00  
      7,106     2005     01.03.2006     28.02.2015     CHF 47.58          7,103     2007     01.03.2010     28.02.2017     CHF 67.00  
      7,103     2005     01.03.2007     28.02.2015     CHF 47.58          223     2007     02.03.2009     02.03.2017     CHF 67.08  
      7,103     2005     01.03.2008     28.02.2015     CHF 47.58          42,628     2008     01.03.2011     28.02.2018     CHF 35.66  
      93     2005     04.03.2007     04.03.2015     CHF 47.89          90,000     2009     01.03.2012     27.02.2019     CHF 11.35  
      161     2005     06.06.2007     06.06.2015     CHF 45.97                 
                                                                  
1   This table includes all options of GEB members, including related parties.  2  No conversion rights are outstanding.  3  Refer to “Note 31 Equity participation and other compensation plans” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.   

 

433481


Financial information

UBS AG (Parent Bank)

 

 

Loans granted to GEB members on 31 December 2010 / 20111

 
CHF, except where indicateda 
Name, function  For the year   Loans2 
Jürg Zeltner, CEO UBS Wealth Management, co-CEO of Wealth Management & Swiss Bank3   2011     5,387,500  
           
Jürg Zeltner, CEO UBS Wealth Management, co-CEO of Wealth Management & Swiss Bank3   2010     5,739,862  
           
Aggregate of all GEB members   2011     17,539,6014 
   2010     20,696,569  
           

Loans granted to GEB members on 31 December 2011 / 20121

 
CHF, except where indicated 
Name, function  For the year   Loans2 
Markus U. Diethelm, Group General Counsel3   2012     5,564,012  
           
Jürg Zeltner, CEO UBS Wealth Management3   2011     5,387,500  
           
Aggregate of all GEB members   2012     18,862,820  
           
   2011     17,539,6014 
           

1No loans have been granted to related parties of the GEB members at conditions not customary in the market.  22All loans granted are secured loans, except for CHF 311,308 in 2012 and CHF 45,435 in 2011.  33GEB member with the highest loan granted.44Includes a forgivable loan of CHF 3.3 million, that will be forgiven in three equal installments over the next three years, subject to the GEB member’s continued full-time employment with UBS and hisa performance being satisfactory and commensurate with his responsibilities. The loan was fully repaid in 2012, as the GEB member stepped down during the year.

 

Loans granted to BoD members on 31 December 2010 / 20111          
Loans granted to BoD members on 31 December 2011 / 20121          
CHF, except where indicatedaCHF, except where indicateda CHF, except where indicateda 
Name, function  For the year   Loans2   For the year   Loans2 
Kaspar Villiger, Chairman   2011     0  
Axel A. Weber, Chairman3   2012     0  
   2011       
      
Kaspar Villiger, former Chairman4   2012       
   2010     0     2011     0  
            
Michel Demaré, Vice Chairman   2011     850,000     2012     500,000  
   2010     850,000     2011     850,000  
            
David Sidwell, Senior Independent Director   2011     0     2012     0  
   2010     0     2011     0  
            
Sally Bott, former member3   2011       
   2010     0  
      
Rainer-Marc Frey, member   2011     0     2012     0  
   2010     0     2011     0  
            
Bruno Gehrig, member4   2011     798,000  
Bruno Gehrig, former member4,5   2012       
   2010     798,000     2011     798,000  
            
Ann F. Godbehere, member   2011     0     2012     0  
   2010     0     2011     0  
            
Axel P. Lehmann, member   2011     0     2012     0  
   2010     0     2011     0  
            
Wolfgang Mayrhuber, member   2011     0     2012     0  
   2010     0     2011     0  
            
Helmut Panke, member   2011     0     2012     0  
   2010     0     2011     0  
            
William G. Parrett, member   2011     0     2012     0  
   2010     0     2011     0  
            
Isabelle Romy, member3   2012     0  
   2011       
      
Beatrice Weder di Mauro, member3   2012     0  
   2011       
      
Joseph Yam, member   2011     0     2012     0  
   2010          2011     0  
            
Aggregate of all BoD members   2011     1,648,000     2012     500,000  
   2010     1,648,000     2011     1,648,000  
            

1No loans have been granted to related parties of the BoD members at conditions not customary in the market.  22All loans granted are secured loans.33  Sally Bott stepped downAxel A. Weber, Isabelle Romy and Beatrice Weder di Mauro were appointed at the AGM on 11 February 2011 as BoD member.  3 May 2012.  4Kaspar Villiger and Bruno Gehrig did not stand for reelection at the AGM on 3 May 2012.  45Secured loan granted prior to his election to the BoD.

 

434482


Financial information

 

 

LOGO
LOGOErnst & Young Ltd
Aeschengraben 9
P.O. Box
CH-4002 Basel
Phone    +41 58 286 86 86
Fax

+41 58 286 86 00

www.ey.com/ch

To the General Meeting of

UBS AG, Zurich and Basel

Basel, 137 March 20122013

Report of the statutory auditor on the financial statements

As statutory auditor, we have audited the accompanying financial statements of UBS AG, which comprise the balance sheet, income statement and notes on pages 414460 to 434482, for the year ended 31 December 2011.2012.

Board of Directors’ responsibility

The Board of Directors is responsible for the preparation of the financial statements in accordance with the requirements of Swiss law and the Company’scompany’s articles of association.incorporation. This responsibility includes designing, implementing and maintaining an internal control system relevant to the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. The Board of Directors is further responsible for the selecting and applying appropriate accounting policies and making accounting estimates that are reasonable in the circumstances.

Auditor’s responsibility

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with Swiss law and Swiss Auditing Standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance whether the financial statements are free from material misstatement.

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers the internal control system relevant to the entity’s preparation of the financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control system. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of the accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.

Opinion

In our opinion, the financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2011 comply with Swiss law and the Company’s articles of association.

LOGOLOGO

 

435483

 


Financial information

UBS AG (Parent Bank)

 

 

LOGOLOGO  
  
  
  2        
  
  
  

Opinion

In our opinion, the financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2012 comply with Swiss law and the company’s articles of incorporation.

Report on other legal requirements

We confirm that we meet the Swiss legal requirements on licensing according to the Auditor Oversight Act (AOA) and independence (Art. 728 Code of Obligations (CO) and Art. 11 AOA) and that there are no circumstances incompatible with our independence.

In accordance with article 728a paragraph 1 item 3 CO and Swiss Auditing Standard 890, we confirm that an internal control system exists, which has been designed for the preparation of financial statements in accordance withaccording to the instructions of the Board of Directors.

We further confirm that the proposed appropriation of available earnings complies with Swiss law and the Company’scompany’s articles of association.incorporation. We recommend that the financial statements submitted to you be approved.

Ernst & Young Ltd

 

Ernst & Young LtdLOGO

  

LOGO

LOGO

LOGO

Jonathan Bourne

Licensed audit expertAudit Expert

(Auditor in charge)

  

Andreas LoetscherThomas Schneider

Licensed audit expertAudit Expert

 

436484

 


Financial Informationinformation

 

 

LOGOLOGO

Confirmation of the auditors concerning conditional capital increase

to the Board of Directors of

UBS AG, Zurich and Basel

As special auditors of UBS AG, we have audited the issue of new shares and the preconditions for the adjustment of the provisions regarding the conditional capital increase according to article 4a of the articles of association in the period from 1 January 20112012 to 31 December 20112012 in accordance with the provisions of article 653f paragraph 1 of the Swiss code of obligations.

According to article 4a of the articles of association, the following possibilities for the issue of conditional capital exist:

 

Paragraph 1; employee stock option plans of UBS AG, based on the resolution of the annual general meeting of 19 April 2006.

 

Paragraph 2; options granted to the Swiss National Bank in connection with its loan granted to the SNB StabFund Limited Partnership for Collective Investment, based on the resolution of the general meeting of shareholders of 27 November 2008.

 

Paragraph 3; conversion rights and/or warrants granted in connection with the issuance of bonds or similar financial instruments, based on the resolution of the annual general meeting of 14 April 2010.

The issue of new shares in accordance with the provisions of the company’s articles of association is the responsibility of the board of directors. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on whether the issue of new shares is in accordance with the provisions of Swiss law and the company’s articles of association. We confirm that we meet the legal requirements on licensing and independence.

Our audit was conducted in accordance with the Swiss auditing standards, which require that an audit be planned and performed to obtain reasonable assurance as to whether the issue of new shares was free of material error. We have performed the audit procedures considered appropriate in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our Opinion:opinion

 

the issue of 1’281’3863’128’334 new registered shares of a nominal value of CHF 0.10 per share relating to the employee stock option plans of UBS AG, according to article 4a paragraph 1 of the articles of association, was in accordance with the provisions of Swiss law and the company’s articles of association;

 

no new registered shares relating to the options granted to the Swiss National Bank, according to article 4a paragraph 2 of the articles of association, were issued in the reporting period;

 

no new registered shares relating to the conversion rights and/or warrants granted in connection with the issuance of bonds or similar financial instruments, according to article 4a paragraph 3 of the articles of association, were issued in the reporting period.

Zurich, 25 January 20122013

BDO Ltd

 

LOGO

LOGO
  

LOGO

LOGO

Werner Schiesser

Licensed Audit Expert

  

Markus EgliJurg Caspar

Licensed Audit Expert

BDO Ltd, with its statutory seat in Zurich, is the legally independent Swiss member firm of the international BDO network.

 

437485

 



Financial information

 

Additional disclosure required

under SEC regulations

A – Introduction

 

The following pages contain additional disclosures about the UBS Group which are required under SEC regulations. UBS’s consolidated Financial Statementsfinancial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and are denominated in Swiss francs (CHF), the reporting currency of the Group.

 

Financial information

Additional disclosure required under SEC regulations

 

B – Selected financial data

 

The tables below provide information concerning the noon purchase rate for the Swiss franc, expressed in United States dollars, or USD, per one Swiss franc. The noon purchase rate is the rate in New York City for cable transfers in foreign currencies as

certified for customs purposes

by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

On 2928 February 2012,2013, the noon purchase rate was 1.10831.0711 USD per 1 CHF.

 

 

Year ended 31 December  High   Low   Average rate1
(USD per 1  CHF)
   At period end 
2007   0.9087     0.7978     0.8381     0.8827  
                     
2008   1.0142     0.8171     0.9298     0.9369  
                     
2009   1.0016     0.8408     0.9260     0.9654  
                     
2010   1.0673     0.8610     0.9670     1.0673  
                     
2011   1.3706     1.0251     1.1398     1.0668  
                     
Month  High   Low           
September 2011   1.2719     1.1022      
                     
October 2011   1.1616     1.0837      
                     
November 2011   1.1353     1.0765      
                     
December 2011   1.0947     1.0493      
                     
January 2012   1.0939     1.0466      
                     
February 2012   1.1174     1.0842      
                     
Year ended 31 December  High   Low   

Average rate1

(USD per 1 CHF)

   At period end 
2008   1.0142     0.8171     0.9298     0.9369  
                     
2009   1.0016     0.8408     0.9260     0.9654  
                     
2010   1.0673     0.8610     0.9670     1.0673  
                     
2011   1.3706     1.0251     1.1398     1.0668  
                     
2012   1.1174     1.0043     1.0724     1.0923  
                     
Month  High   Low           
September 2012   1.0811     1.0462      
                     
October 2012   1.0850     1.0638      
                     
November 2012   1.0794     1.0545      
                     
December 2012   1.0971     1.0715      
                     
January 2013   1.0997     1.0700      
                     
February 2013   1.1074     1.0711      
                     

1The average of the noon purchase rates on the last business day of each full month during the relevant period.

 

440488


Financial information

 

Key figures

 

  As of or for the year ended   As of or for the year ended 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.08   31.12.07   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.08 
Balance sheet data                    
                              
Total assets   1,419,162     1,317,247     1,340,538     2,014,815     2,274,891     1,259,232     1,416,962     1,314,813     1,338,239     2,012,876  
                              
Equity attributable to UBS shareholders   53,447     46,820     41,013     32,531     36,875     45,895     48,530     43,728     37,704     28,244  
                              
Average equity to average assets (%)   3.5     3.0     1.9     1.5     1.8     3.4     3.2     2.7     1.7     1.3  
                              
Market capitalization   42,843     58,803     57,108     43,519     108,654     54,729     42,843     58,803     57,108     43,519  
                              
Shares                    
                              
Registered ordinary shares   3,832,121,899     3,830,840,513     3,558,112,753     2,932,580,549     2,073,547,344     3,835,250,233     3,832,121,899     3,830,840,513     3,558,112,753     2,932,580,549  
                              
Treasury shares   84,955,551     38,892,031     37,553,872     61,903,121     158,105,524     87,879,601     84,955,551     38,892,031     37,553,872     61,903,121  
                              
Capital strength                    
                              
BIS tier 1 ratio, Basel 2.5 (%)1   15.9          
BIS core tier 1 capital ratio (%)1   19.0     14.1     17.8     15.4     11.0  
                              
BIS tier 1 ratio, Basel II (%)1   19.6     17.8     15.4     11.0     9.1  
BIS total capital ratio (%)1   25.2     17.2     20.4     19.8     15.0  
                              
BIS total ratio, Basel 2.5 (%)1   17.2          
BIS risk-weighted assets1   192,505     240,962     198,875     206,525     302,273  
                              
BIS total ratio, Basel II (%)1   21.6     20.4     19.8     15.0     12.2  
               
BIS risk-weighted assets, Basel 2.51   240,962          
               
BIS risk-weighted assets, Basel II1   198,494     198,875     206,525     302,273     374,421  
               
Invested assets (CHF billion)   2,167     2,152     2,233     2,174     3,189  
Invested assets (CHF billion)2   2,230     2,088     2,075     2,160     2,174  
                              
Personnel (full-time equivalents)                    
                              
Switzerland   23,188     23,284     24,050     26,406     27,884  
Americas   21,995     22,924     23,178     23,834     29,346  
                              
United Kingdom   6,674     6,634     6,204     7,071     8,813  
               
Rest of Europe   4,182     4,122     4,145     4,817     4,776  
               
Middle East/Africa   162     137     134     145     139  
               
United States   21,746     22,031     22,702     27,362     29,921  
               
Rest of Americas   1,177     1,147     1,132     1,984     2,054  

of which: USA

   20,833     21,746     22,031     22,702     27,362  
                              
Asia Pacific   7,690     7,263     6,865     9,998     9,973     7,426     7,690     7,263     6,865     9,998  
                              
Europe, Middle East and Africa   10,829     11,019     10,892     10,484     12,032  
               

of which: United Kingdom

   6,459     6,674     6,634     6,204     7,071  
               

of which: Rest of Europe

   4,202     4,182     4,122     4,145     4,817  
               

of which: Middle East and Africa

   167     162     137     134     145  
               
Switzerland   22,378     23,188     23,284     24,050     26,406  
               
Total   64,820     64,617     65,233     77,783     83,560     62,628     64,820     64,617     65,232     77,783  
                              

1  Capital management data as of 31 December 2012 and as of 31 December 2011 is disclosed in accordance with the Basel 2.5 framework. ComparativeCapital management data under the new frameworkas of 31 December 2010, 31 December 2009 and 31 December 2008 is not available for the prior periods. The comparative information underdisclosed in accordance with the Basel II framework is therefore provided.framework. Refer to “Capital management” in the “Risk, treasury and capital“Capital management” section of this report for more information. The calculation as2  In 2012, the definition of invested assets was refined. Prior period data were restated for this change, with the exception of data for 31 December 2007 is based on2008. Refer to “Note 35 Invested assets and net new money” within the Basel I approach.Notes to the consolidated financial statements for more information.

Financial information

Additional disclosure required under SEC regulations

 

Income statement data

 

  For the year ended   For the year ended 
CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.09 31.12.08 31.12.07   31.12.12 31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.09 31.12.08 
Interest income   17,969    18,872    23,461    65,679    109,112     15,968    17,969    18,872    23,461    65,679  
      
Interest expense   (11,143  (12,657  (17,016  (59,687  (103,775   (9,974  (11,143  (12,657  (17,016  (59,687
      
Net interest income   6,826    6,215    6,446    5,992    5,337     5,994    6,826    6,215    6,446    5,992  
      
Credit loss (expense) / recovery   (84  (66  (1,832  (2,996  (238
Credit loss (expense)/recovery   (118  (84  (66  (1,832  (2,996
      
Net interest income after credit loss (expense) / recovery   6,742    6,149    4,614    2,996    5,099  
Net interest income after credit loss (expense)/recovery   5,875    6,742    6,149    4,614    2,996  
      
Net fee and commission income   15,236    17,160    17,712    22,929    30,634     15,405    15,236    17,160    17,712    22,929  
      
Net trading income   4,343    7,471    (324  (25,820  (8,353   3,480    4,343    7,471    (324  (25,820
      
Other income   1,467    1,214    599    692    4,341     682    1,467    1,214    599    692  
      
Total operating income   27,788    31,994    22,601    796    31,721     25,443    27,788    31,994    22,601    796  
      
Total operating expenses   22,439    24,539    25,162    28,555    35,463     27,216    22,482    24,650    25,128    28,290  
      
Operating profit from continuing operations before tax   5,350    7,455    (2,561  (27,758  (3,742
Operating profit/(loss) from continuing operations before tax   (1,774  5,307    7,345    (2,527  (27,493
      
Tax expense / (benefit)   923    (381  (443  (6,837  1,369  
Tax expense/(benefit)   461    901    (409  (444  (6,777
      
Net profit from continuing operations   4,426    7,836    (2,118  (20,922  (5,111
Net profit/(loss) from continuing operations   (2,235  4,406    7,754    (2,082  (20,716
      
Net profit from discontinued operations   0    2    (7  198    403  
Net profit/(loss) from discontinued operations   0    0    2    (7  198  
      
Net profit   4,427    7,838    (2,125  (20,724  (4,708
Net profit/(loss)   (2,235  4,406    7,756    (2,089  (20,519
      
Net profit attributable to non-controlling interests   268    304    610    568    539     276    268    304    610    568  
      
Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders   4,159    7,534    (2,736  (21,292  (5,247
Net profit/(loss) attributable to UBS shareholders   (2,511  4,138    7,452    (2,700  (21,087
      
Cost / income ratio (%)1   80.5    76.5    103.0    753.0    111.0  
Cost/income ratio (%)1   106.5    80.7    76.9    102.8    746.0  
      
Per share data (CHF)            
      
Basic earnings per share2   1.10    1.99    (0.75  (7.63  (2.40   (0.67  1.10    1.97    (0.74  (7.55
      
Diluted earnings per share2   1.08    1.96    (0.75  (7.63  (2.41   (0.67  1.08    1.94    (0.74  (7.56
      
Cash dividends declared per share (CHF)3,4   0.10    N/A    N/A    N/A    N/A  
Cash dividends declared per share (CHF)3,4   0.15    0.10    N/A    N/A    N/A  
      
Cash dividends declared per share (USD)3,4    N/A    N/A    N/A    N/A  
Cash dividends declared per share (USD)3,4    0.11    N/A    N/A    N/A  
      
Dividend payout ratio (%)3,4   9.1    N/A    N/A    N/A    N/A  
Dividend payout ratio (%)3,4   (22.4  9.1    N/A    N/A    N/A  
      
Rates of return (%)            
      
Return on equity attributable to UBS shareholders5   8.5    16.7    (7.8  (58.7  (10.5   (5.2  9.1    18.0    (7.9  (59.0
      
Return on average equity   8.5    16.6    (7.9  (60.6  (10.6   (5.1  9.1    17.9    (8.7  (68.3
      
Return on average assets   0.3    0.5    (0.1  (0.9  (0.2   (0.2  0.3    0.5    (0.1  (0.9
      

1  Operating expenses/operating income before credit loss expense.2  For EPS calculation, referRefer to “Note 8 Earnings per share”share (EPS) and shares outstanding” in the consolidated Financial Statements.  financial statements for more information.3  Distributions paid in the formDividends and/or distribution of dividends or capital contributions reservescontribution reserve are normally approved and paid in the year subsequent to the reporting period.4  For the year 2011,2012, an amount of CHF 0.100.15 per share will be paid out of capital contribution reservesreserve on 10 May 2012,2013, subject to approval by shareholders at the Annual General Meeting on 32 May 2012.2013. The USD amount per share will be determined on 76 May 2012. For the year 2007, a stock dividend was distributed for which 98,698,754 new shares were issued on 19 May 2008 to UBS shareholders with an exchange ratio of 20:1.  2013.5  Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders/average equity attributable to UBS shareholders. The calculation excludes expected deductions for distributions paid in formdividends and distribution of dividends or capital contribution reserves.reserve.

 

442490


Financial information

 

Balance sheet data

 

 

 

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.08   31.12.07 
Assets          
                          
Total assets   1,419,162     1,317,247     1,340,538     2,014,815     2,274,891  
                          
Due from banks   23,218     17,133     16,804     17,694     25,976  
                          
Cash collateral on securities borrowed   58,763     62,454     63,507     122,897     207,063  
                          
Reverse repurchase agreements   213,501     142,790     116,689     224,648     376,928  
                          
Trading portfolio assets   181,525     228,815     232,258     312,054     774,372  
                          

of which: pledged as collateral

   39,936     61,352     44,221     40,216     114,190  
                          
Positive replacement values   486,584     401,146     421,694     854,100     428,217  
                          
Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments   41,322     38,071     53,774     85,703     64,978  
                          
Loans   266,604     262,877     266,477     291,456     271,492  
                          
Financial investments available-for-sale   53,174     74,768     81,757     5,248     4,966  
                          
Other assets   12,465     22,681     23,682     19,837     51,417  
                          
Liabilities          
                          
Due to banks   30,201     41,490     31,922     76,822     121,983  
                          
Cash collateral on securities lent   8,136     6,651     7,995     14,063     31,621  
                          
Repurchase agreements   102,429     74,796     64,175     102,561     305,887  
                          
Trading portfolio liabilities   39,480     54,975     47,469     62,431     164,788  
                          
Negative replacement values   473,400     393,762     409,943     851,864     443,539  
                          
Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments   67,114     58,924     66,097     92,937     77,781  
                          
Financial liabilities designated at fair value   88,982     100,756     112,653     101,546     191,853  
                          
Due to customers   342,409     332,301     339,263     362,639     496,279  
                          
Debt issued   140,617     130,271     131,352     197,254     222,077  
                          
Other liabilities   61,692     63,719     72,344     101,969     153,107  
                          
Equity attributable to UBS shareholders   53,447     46,820     41,013     32,531     36,875  
                          

Ratio of earnings to fixed charges

The following table sets forth UBS’s ratio of earnings to fixed charges on an IFRS basis for the periods indicated. The ratios are calculated based on earnings from continuing operations. Ratios of earnings to combined fixed charges and preferred stock dividend requirements are not presented as there were no preferred share dividends in any of the periods indicated.

   For the year ended 
   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.08   31.12.07 
   1.43     1.53     0.82     0.53     0.96  
                          

CHF million

  31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.08 
Assets          
                          
Total assets   1,259,232     1,416,962     1,314,813     1,338,239     2,012,876  
                          
Cash and balances with central banks   66,383     40,638     26,939     20,899     32,744  
                          
Due from banks   21,230     23,218     17,133     16,804     17,694  
                          
Cash collateral on securities borrowed   37,372     58,763     62,454     63,507     122,897  
                          
Reverse repurchase agreements   130,941     213,501     142,790     116,689     224,648  
                          
Trading portfolio assets   160,861     181,525     228,815     232,258     312,054  
                          

of which: assets pledged as collateral which may be sold or repledged by counterparties

   44,698     39,936     61,352     44,221     40,216  
                          
Positive replacement values   418,029     486,584     401,146     421,694     854,100  
                          
Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments   30,413     41,322     38,071     53,774     85,703  
                          
Loans   279,901     266,604     262,877     266,477     291,456  
                          
Financial investments available-for-sale   66,383     53,174     74,768     81,757     5,248  
                          
Other assets   11,055     9,165     19,506     20,642     16,916  
                          
Liabilities          
                          
Due to banks   23,024     30,201     41,490     31,922     76,822  
                          
Cash collateral on securities lent   9,203     8,136     6,651     7,995     14,063  
                          
Repurchase agreements   37,639     102,429     74,796     64,175     102,561  
                          
Trading portfolio liabilities   34,154     39,480     54,975     47,469     62,431  
                          
Negative replacement values   395,070     473,400     393,762     409,943     851,864  
                          
Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments   71,148     67,114     58,924     66,097     92,937  
                          
Financial liabilities designated at fair value   92,878     88,982     100,756     112,653     101,546  
                          
Due to customers   371,892     342,409     332,301     339,263     362,639  
                          
Debt issued   104,656     140,617     130,271     131,352     197,254  
                          
Other liabilities   59,902     62,784     62,674     70,953     101,560  
                          
Equity attributable to UBS shareholders   45,895     48,530     43,728     37,704     28,244  
                          

 

Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges

 

The following table sets forth UBS’s ratio of earnings to fixed charges on an IFRS basis for the periods indicated. The ratios are calculated based on earnings from continuing operations. Ratios of earnings to fixed charges and preferred share dividends are not presented as there were no preferred share dividends in any of the periods indicated.

 

  

    

   For the year ended 
   31.12.12     31.12.11     31.12.10     31.12.09     31.12.08  
   0.80     1.42     1.52     0.83     0.54  
                          

Financial information

Additional disclosure required under SEC regulations

 

C – Information on the company

Property, plant and equipment

 

 

At 31 December 2011,2012, UBS operated about 877874 business and banking locations worldwide, of which about 42% were in Switzerland, 42% in the Americas, 11% in the rest of Europe, Middle East and Africa and 5% in Asia-Pacific. Of the business and banking locations in Switzerland, 36%

35% were owned directly by UBS,

with the remainder, along with most of UBS’s offices outside Switzerland, being held under commercial leases. These premises are subject to continuous maintenance and upgrading and are considered suitable and adequate for current and anticipated operations.

 

 

444492


Financial information

 

D – Information required by industry guide 3

Selected statistical information

 

 

The following tables set forth selected statistical information regarding the Group’s banking operations extracted from the Financial Statements. Unless otherwise indicated, average balances for the years ended 31 December 2012, 31 December 2011

and 31 December 2010 and 31 December 2009 are calculated

from monthly data. The distinction between domestic and foreign is generally based on the booking location. For loans, this method is not significantly different from an analysis based on the domicile of the borrower.

 

Financial information

Additional disclosure required under SEC regulations

 

Average balances and interest rates

 

The following table sets forth average interest-earning assets and average interest-bearing liabilities, along with the average yield, for the years endedended.

 

 31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.09   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
CHF million, except where indicated Average
balance
 Interest
income
 Average
yield (%)
 

Average

balance

 Interest
income
 Average
yield (%)
 Average
balance
 Interest
income
 Average
yield (%)
   

Average

balance

   

Interest

income

   

Average

yield (%)

   Average
balance
   Interest
income
   

Average

yield (%)

   Average
balance
   Interest
income
   

Average

yield (%)

 
Assets                           
                            
Due from banks                           
                            

Domestic

  3,465    22    0.6    3,037    13    0.4    3,420    56    1.6     3,566     33     0.9     3,465     22     0.6     3,037     13     0.4  
                            

Foreign

  17,623    142    0.8    14,280    60    0.4    16,194    260    1.6     24,729     282     1.1     17,623     142     0.8     14,280     60     0.4  
                            
Cash collateral on securities borrowed and reverse repurchase agreements                           
                            

Domestic

  8,025    15    0.2    11,277    8    0.1    10,029    30    0.3     4,884     4     0.1     8,025     15     0.2     11,277     8     0.1  
                            

Foreign

  281,544    1,485    0.5    296,252    1,221    0.4    381,049    2,385    0.6     263,958     1,155     0.4     281,544     1,485     0.5     296,252     1,221     0.4  
                            
Trading portfolio assets                           
                            

Domestic

  12,821    299    2.3    14,150    231    1.6    10,976    228    2.1     6,019     235     3.9     12,821     299     2.3     14,150     231     1.6  
                            

Foreign taxable

  189,861    5,163    2.7    212,430    5,769    2.7    270,674    6,915    2.6     156,839     4,247     2.7     189,861     5,163     2.7     212,430     5,769     2.7  
                            

Foreign non-taxable

  1,313    4    0.3    2,033    15    0.7    2,160    7    0.3           1,313     4     0.3     2,033     15     0.7  
                            

Foreign total

  191,174    5,167    2.7    214,463    5,784    2.7    272,834    6,922    2.5     156,839     4,247     2.7     191,174     5,167     2.7     214,463     5,784     2.7  
                            
Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments                           
                            

Domestic

  21    0            9         21     0          
                            

Foreign

  37,696    324    0.9    49,095    306    0.6    68,482    282    0.4     36,892     143     0.4     37,696     324     0.9     49,095     306     0.6  
                            
Financial assets designated at fair value                           
          ��                   

Domestic

  493    0     568    0     548    0      454         493     0       568     0    
                            

Foreign

  8,262    248    3.0    9,128    262    2.9    11,674    316    2.7     8,790     369     4.2     8,262     248     3.0     9,128     262     2.9  
                            
Loans                           
                            

Domestic

  182,125    4,604    2.5    179,164    4,921    2.7    179,680    5,676    3.2     185,969     4,280     2.3     182,125     4,604     2.5     179,164     4,921     2.7  
                            

Foreign

  82,755    2,409    2.9    90,032    2,584    2.9    105,791    4,208    4.0     88,246     2,150     2.4     82,755     2,203     2.7     90,032     2,363     2.6  
                            
Financial investments available-for-sale                           
                            

Domestic

  3,465    4    0.1    1,712    18    1.1    991    21    2.1     1,572     8     0.5     3,465     4     0.1     1,712     18     1.1  
                            

Foreign taxable

  60,026    611    1.0    74,821    539    0.7    28,295    143    0.5     61,412     373     0.6     60,026     611     1.0     74,821     539     0.7  
                            

Foreign non-taxable

        0                      
                            

Foreign total

  60,026    611    1.0    74,821    539    0.7    28,295    143    0.5     61,412     373     0.6     60,026     611     1.0     74,821     539     0.7  
                            
Other interest-earning assets                           
                            

Domestic

     0    0     0    0                  0     0    
                            

Foreign

  12,001    501    4.2    15,227    484    3.2    13,785    517    3.8     7,143     439     6.1     12,001     501     4.2     15,227     484     3.2  
                            
Total interest-earning assets  901,496    15,830    1.8    973,206    16,431    1.7    1,103,748    21,044    1.9     850,482     13,718     1.6     901,496     15,624     1.7     973,206     16,210     1.7  
                            

Net interest income on swaps

   1,923      2,234      2,203        1,804         1,923         2,234    
                            

Interest income on off-balance sheet securities

   216      207      214   

Interest income on off-balance sheet securities and other

     446         422         428    
                            
Interest income and average interest-earning assets  901,496    17,969    2.0    973,206    18,872    1.9    1,103,748    23,461    2.1     850,482     15,968     1.9     901,496     17,969     2.0     973,206     18,872     1.9  
                            
Non-interest-earning assets                           
                            

Positive replacement values

  410,839      471,046      654,651       459,582         410,839         471,046      
                            

Fixed assets

  5,420      5,884      6,609       5,859         5,420         5,884      
                            

Other

  88,900      81,876      86,133       130,901         86,469         79,585      
                            
Total average assets  1,406,655      1,532,012      1,851,141       1,446,824         1,404,224         1,529,721      
                            

 

446494


Financial information

 

Average balances and interest rates (continued)

 

  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
CHF million, except where indicated  Average
balance
   Interest
expense
   Average
interest
rate (%)
   Average
balance
   Interest
expense
   Average
interest
rate (%)
   Average
balance
   Interest
expense
   Average
interest
rate (%)
   Average
balance
   Interest
expense
   

Average

interest

rate (%)

   Average
balance
   Interest
expense
   

Average

interest

rate (%)

   Average
balance
   Interest
expense
   

Average

interest

rate (%)

 
Liabilities and equity                                    
                                                      
Due to banks                                    
                                                      

Domestic

   25,672     259     1.0     29,400     253     0.9     36,248     219     0.6     25,843     61     0.2     25,672     259     1.0     29,400     253     0.9  
                                                      

Foreign

   10,250     93     0.9     10,318     99     1.0     34,205     245     0.7     7,709     65     0.8     10,250     93     0.9     10,318     99     1.0  
                                                      
Cash collateral on securities lent and repurchase agreements                                    
                                                      

Domestic

   8,836     12     0.1     12,089     8     0.1     11,321     37     0.3     6,289     7     0.1     8,836     12     0.1     12,089     8     0.1  
                            ��                         

Foreign

   168,429     969     0.6     176,098     893     0.5     195,991     1,760     0.9     147,669     766     0.5     168,429     969     0.6     176,098     893     0.5  
                                                      
Trading portfolio liabilities                                    
                                                      

Domestic

   1,095     26     2.3     1,068     37     3.5     1,411     55     3.9     886     18     2.0     1,095     26     2.3     1,068     37     3.5  
                                                      

Foreign

   52,373     2,826     5.4     59,672     3,757     6.3     58,091     3,823     6.6     46,926     2,373     5.1     52,373     2,826     5.4     59,672     3,757     6.3  
                                                      
Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments                                    
                                                      

Domestic

   357         361     0       30     0       1,131         357         361     0    
                                                      

Foreign

   58,731     281     0.5     69,223     242     0.3     84,747     278     0.3     67,955     134     0.2     58,731     281     0.5     69,223     242     0.3  
                                                      
Financial liabilities designated at fair value                                    
                                                      

Domestic

   1,548     10     0.7     878     3     0.3     934     17     1.8     1,335     11     0.8     1,548     10     0.7     878     3     0.3  
                                                      

Foreign

   91,920     1,982     2.2     108,405     2,389     2.2     106,690     2,838     2.7     90,742     1,751     1.9     91,920     1,982     2.2     108,405     2,389     2.2  
                                                      
Due to customers                                    
                                                      

Domestic demand deposits

   95,679     132     0.1     85,838     106     0.1     64,872     98     0.2     111,975     95     0.1     95,679     132     0.1     85,838     106     0.1  
                                                      

Domestic savings deposits

   82,004     422     0.5     75,802     409     0.5     68,042     521     0.8     90,312     356     0.4     82,004     422     0.5     75,802     409     0.5  
                                                      

Domestic time deposits

   6,672     41     0.6     7,977     49     0.6     13,075     451     3.4     4,821     30     0.6     6,672     41     0.6     7,977     49     0.6  
                                                      

Domestic total

   184,355     595     0.3     169,617     564     0.3     145,989     1,070     0.7     207,108     481     0.2     184,355     595     0.3     169,617     564     0.3  
                                                      

Foreign1

   145,772     696     0.5     168,099     756     0.4     220,860     1,971     0.9     151,721     574     0.4     145,772     696     0.5     168,099     756     0.4  
                                                      
Short-term debt                                    
                                                      

Domestic

   1,303     4     0.3     1,140     9     0.8     971     27     2.8     1,776     9     0.5     1,303     4     0.3     1,140     9     0.8  
                                                      

Foreign

   57,873     382     0.7     53,454     394     0.7     85,904     1,280     1.5     48,525     365     0.8     57,873     382     0.7     53,454     394     0.7  
                                                      
Long-term debt                                    
                                                      

Domestic

   12,705     126     1.0     13,462     142     1.1     11,152     153     1.4     11,188     264     2.4     12,705     126     1.0     13,462     142     1.1  
                                                      

Foreign

   57,830     2,394     4.1     68,267     2,661     3.9     76,961     2,771     3.6     61,952     2,564     4.1     57,830     2,394     4.1     68,267     2,661     3.9  
                                                      
Other interest-bearing liabilities                                    
                                                      

Domestic

         0     0       0     0                   0     0    
                                                      

Foreign

   36,926     116     0.3     37,996     69     0.2     41,139     90     0.2     36,823     98     0.3     36,926     116     0.3     37,996     69     0.2  
                                                      
Total interest-bearing liabilities   915,975     10,772     1.2     979,547     12,276     1.3     1,112,644     16,634     1.5     915,578     9,541     1.0     915,975     10,772     1.2     979,547     12,276     1.3  
                                                      

Interest expense on off-balance sheet securities

     371         381         382         433         371         381    
                                                      
Interest expense and average interest-bearing liabilities   915,975     11,143       979,547     12,657       1,112,644     17,016       915,578     9,974       915,975     11,143       979,547     12,657    
                                                      
Non-interest-bearing liabilities                                    
                                                      

Negative replacement values

   402,535         459,987         641,028         443,790         402,535         459,987      
                                                      

Other

   34,590         40,418         54,720         33,989         35,672         41,779      
                                                      
Total liabilities   1,353,100         1,479,952         1,808,392         1,393,357         1,354,182         1,481,313      
                                                      
Total equity   53,555         52,060   ��     42,749         53,467         50,042         48,408      
                                                      
Total average liabilities and equity   1,406,655         1,532,012         1,851,141         1,446,824         1,404,224         1,529,721      
                                                      
Net interest income     6,826         6,215         6,446         5,994         6,826         6,215    
                                                      
Net yield on interest-earning assets       0.8         0.6         0.6         0.7         0.8         0.6  
                                                      

1Due to customers in foreign offices consists mainly of time deposits.

 

The percentage of total average interest-earning assets attributable to foreign activities was 77%76% for 2012 (77% for 2011 (78%and 78% for 2010 and 81% for 2009)2010). The percentage of total average interest-bearing liabilities attributable to foreign activities was 74%72% for 2012 (74% for 2011 (77%and 77% for 2010 and 81% for 2009)2010). All assets and liabilities are translated into CHF at uniform month-end rates. Interest income and expense are translated at monthly average rates.

Average rates earned and paid on assets and liabilities can change from period to period based on the changes in interest rates in general, but are also affected by changes in the currency mix included in the assets and liabilities. This is especially true for foreign assets and liabilities. Tax-exempt income is not recorded on a tax-equivalent basis. For all three years presented, tax-exempt income is considered to be insignificant and the impact from such income is therefore negligible.

 

Financial information

Additional disclosure required under SEC regulations

 

Analysis of changes in interest income and expense

 

 

The following tables allocate, by categories of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, the changes in interest income and expense due to changes in volume and interest rates for the year ended 31 December 2012 compared with the year ended 31 December 2011, and for the year ended 31 December 2011 compared with the year ended 31 December 2010, and for the year ended 31 December 2010 compared with the year ended 31 December 2009. 2010.

Volume and rate variances have been

calculated on movements in average balances and changes in interest rates. Changes due to a combination of volume and rates have been allocated proportionally. Refer to the appropriate section of Industry Guide 3 for a discussion of the treatment of impaired and non­performingnon-performing loans.

 

 

  2011 compared with 2010 2010 compared with 2009   2012 compared with 2011 2011 compared with 2010 

  Increase/(decrease)
due to changes in
   Increase/(decrease)
due to changes in
     Increase / (decrease)
due to changes in
   Increase / (decrease)
due to changes in
   
CHF million  Average
volume
 Average
interest rate
 Net
change
 Average
volume
 Average
interest rate
 Net
change
   Average
volume
 Average
interest rate
 Net
change
 Average
volume
 Average
interest rate
 Net
change
 
Interest income from interest-earning assets              
      
Due from banks              
      

Domestic

   2    7    9    (6  (37  (43   1    10    11    2    7    9  
      

Foreign

   13    69    82    (31  (169  (200   57    83    140    13    69    82  
      
Cash collateral on securities borrowed and reverse repurchase agreements              
      

Domestic

   (3  10    7    4    (26  (22   (6  (5  (11  (3  10    7  
      

Foreign

   (59  323    264    (509  (655  (1,164   (88  (242  (330  (59  323    264  
      
Trading portfolio assets              
      

Domestic

   (21  89    68    67    (64  3     (156  92    (64  (21  89    68  
      

Foreign taxable

   (609  3    (606  (1,514  368    (1,146   (892  (24  (916  (609  3    (606
      

Foreign non-taxable

   (5  (6  (11  0    8    8     (4   (4  (5  (6  (11
      

Foreign total

   (614  (3  (617  (1,514  376    (1,138   (896  (24  (920  (614  (3  (617
      
Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments              
      

Domestic

   0    0    0    0    0    0       0    0    0    0  
      

Foreign

   (68  86    18    (78  102    24     (7  (174  (181  (68  86    18  
      
Financial assets designated at fair value              
      

Domestic

   0    0    0    0    0    0       0    0    0    0  
      

Foreign

   (25  11    (14  (69  15    (54   16    105    121    (25  11    (14
      
Loans              
      

Domestic

   80    (397  (317  (17  (738  (755   96    (420  (324  80    (397  (317
      

Foreign

   (211  36    (175  (630  (994  (1,624   148    (201  (53  (189  29    (160
      
Financial investments available-for-sale              
      

Domestic

   19    (33  (14  15    (18  (3   (2  6    4    19    (33  (14
      

Foreign taxable

   (104  176    72    233    163    396     14    (252  (238  (104  176    72  
      

Foreign non-taxable

   0    0    0    0    0    0       0    0    0    0  
      

Foreign total

   (104  176    72    233    163    396     14    (252  (238  (104  176    72  
      
Other interest-bearing assets              
      

Domestic

   0    0    0    0    0    0       0    0    0    0  
      

Foreign

   (103  120    17    55    (88  (33   (204  142    (62  (103  120    17  
      
Interest income              
      

Domestic

   77    (325  (248  63    (883  (820   (67  (316  (383  77    (325  (248
      

Foreign

   (1,171  818    (353  (2,543  (1,250  (3,793   (960  (563  (1,523  (1,149  811    (338
      
Total interest income from interest-earning assets   (1,094  493    (601  (2,480  (2,133  (4,613   (1,027  (879  (1,906  (1,072  486    (586
      
Net interest on swaps     (311    31       (119    (311
      
Interest income on off-balance sheet securities     9      (7
Interest income on off-balance sheet securities and other     24      (6
      
Total interest income     (903    (4,589     (2,001    (903
      

 

448496


Financial information

 

Analysis of changes in interest income and expense (continued)

 

 

 

  2011 compared with 2010 2010 compared with 2009   2012 compared with 2011 2011 compared with 2010 

  Increase / (decrease)
due to changes in
   Increase / (decrease)
due to changes in
     Increase / (decrease)
due to changes in
   Increase / (decrease)
due to changes in
   
CHF million  Average
volume
 Average
interest rate
 Net
change
 Average
volume
 Average
interest rate
 Net
change
   Average
volume
 Average
interest rate
 Net
change
 Average
volume
 Average
interest rate
 Net
change
 
Interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities              
      
Due to banks              
      

Domestic

   (34  40    6    (41  75    34     2    (200  (198  (34  40    6  
      

Foreign

   (1  (5  (6  (167  21    (146   (23  (5  (28  (1  (5  (6
      
Cash collateral on securities lent and repurchase agreements              
      

Domestic

   (3  7    4    2    (31  (29   (3  (2  (5  (3  7    4  
      

Foreign

   (38  114    76    (179  (688  (867   (125  (78  (203  (38  114    76  
      
Trading portfolio liabilities              
      

Domestic

   1    (12  (11  (13  (5  (18   (5  (3  (8  1    (12  (11
      

Foreign

   (460  (471  (931  104    (170  (66   (294  (159  (453  (460  (471  (931
      
Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments              
      

Domestic

   0    0    0    0    0    0       0    0    0    0  
      

Foreign

   (31  70    39    (47  11    (36   46    (193  (147  (31  70    39  
      
Financial liabilities designated at fair value              
      

Domestic

   2    5    7    (1  (13  (14   (1  2    1    2    5    7  
      

Foreign

   (363  (44  (407  46    (495  (449   (26  (205  (231  (363  (44  (407
      
Due to customers              
      

Domestic demand deposits

   10    16    26    42    (34  8     16    (53  (37  10    16    26  
      

Domestic savings deposits

   31    (18  13    62    (174  (112   42    (108  (66  31    (18  13  
      

Domestic time deposits

   (8  0    (8  (173  (229  (402   (11  0    (11  (8  0    (8
      

Domestic total

   33    (2  31    (69  (437  (506   47    (161  (114  33    (2  31  
      

Foreign

   (89  29    (60  (475  (740  (1,215   30    (152  (122  (89  29    (60
      
Short-term debt              
      

Domestic

   1    (6  (5  5    (23  (18   1    4    5    1    (6  (5
      

Foreign

   31    (43  (12  (487  (399  (886   (65  48    (17  31    (43  (12
      
Long-term debt              
      

Domestic

   (8  (8  (16  32    (43  (11   (15  153    138    (8  (8  (16
      

Foreign

   (407  140    (267  (313  203    (110   169    1    170    (407  140    (267
      
Other interest-bearing liabilities              
      

Domestic

   0    0    0    0    0    0       0    0    0    0  
      

Foreign

   (2  49    47    (6  (15  (21    (18  (18  (2  49    47  
      
Interest expense              
      

Domestic

   (8  25    17    (85  (477  (562   26    (208  (182  (8  25    17  
      

Foreign

   (1,360  (161  (1,521  (1,524  (2,272  (3,796   (288  (761  (1,049  (1,360  (161  (1,521
      
Total interest-bearing liabilities   (1,368  (136  (1,504  (1,609  (2,749  (4,358
Total interest bearing liabilities   (262  (969  (1,231  (1,368  (136  (1,504
      
Interest expense on off-balance sheet securities     (10    (1     62      (10
      
Total interest expense     (1,514    (4,359     (1,169    (1,514
      

Financial information

Additional disclosure required under SEC regulations

 

Deposits

 

 

The following table analyzes average deposits and average rates on each deposit category listed below for the yearyears ended 31 December 2012, 2011 2010 and 2009.2010. The geographic allocation is based on the location of the office or branch where the deposit is

made. Deposits by foreign

depositors in domestic offices were CHF 66,54074,252 million, CHF 63,95366,540 million and CHF 54,95763,953 million at 31 December 2011,2012, 31 December 20102011 and 31 December 2009,2010, respectively.

 

 

  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
CHF million, except where indicated  Average
deposits
   Average
rate (%)
   Average
deposits
   Average
rate (%)
   Average
deposits
   Average
rate (%)
   Average
deposits
   Average
rate (%)
   Average
deposits
   Average
rate (%)
   Average
deposits
   Average
rate (%)
 
Banks                        
                                    
Domestic offices                        
                                    
Demand deposits   1,402     0.0     1,315     0.0     1,154     0.1     1,270     0.0     1,402     0.0     1,315     0.0  
                                    
Time deposits   2,063     2.8     1,722     2.1     2,266     0.9     2,296     0.7     2,063     2.8     1,722     2.1  
                                    
Total domestic offices   3,465     1.6     3,037     1.2     3,420     0.6     3,566     0.5     3,465     1.6     3,037     1.2  
                                    
Foreign offices                        
                                    
Interest-bearing deposits1   17,623     1.0     14,280     1.0     16,194     0.7     24,729     0.8     17,623     1.0     14,280     1.0  
                                    
Total due to banks2   21,088     1.1     17,317     1.0     19,614     0.7     28,295     0.8     21,088     1.1     17,317     1.0  
                                    
Customer accounts                        
                                    
Domestic offices                        
                                    
Demand deposits   95,679     0.1     85,838     0.1     64,872     0.2     111,975     0.1     95,679     0.1     85,838     0.1  
                                    
Savings deposits   82,004     0.5     75,802     0.5     68,042     0.8     90,312     0.4     82,004     0.5     75,802     0.5  
                                    
Time deposits   6,672     0.6     7,977     0.6     13,075     3.4     4,821     0.6     6,672     0.6     7,977     0.6  
                                    
Total domestic offices   184,355     0.3     169,617     0.3     145,989     0.7     207,108     0.2     184,355     0.3     169,617     0.3  
                                    
Foreign offices                        
                                    
Demand deposits   34,414     0.1     35,588     0.2     29,725     0.8     37,049     0.0     34,414     0.1     35,588     0.2  
                                    
Time and savings deposits1   111,358     0.6     132,511     0.5     191,135     0.9     114,672     0.5     111,358     0.6     132,511     0.5  
                                    
Total foreign offices   145,772     0.5     168,099     0.4     220,860     0.9     151,721     0.4     145,772     0.5     168,099     0.4  
                                    
Total due to customers   330,127     0.4     337,716     0.4     366,849     0.8     358,829     0.3     330,127     0.4     337,716     0.4  
                                    

1 Mainly time deposits.  2 Due to banks is considered to represent short-term borrowings to the extent that these liabilities exceed Due from banks. The remainder of Due to banks is considered to represent deposits for the purpose of this disclosure.

At 31 December 2011,2012, the maturity of time deposits was as follows:

 

CHF million  Domestic   Foreign   Domestic   Foreign 
Within 3 months   6,479     80,330     4,410     67,236  
            
3 to 6 months   1,066     5,870     616     5,418  
            
6 to 12 months   437     2,971     258     5,088  
            
1 to 5 years   285     972     243     350  
            
Over 5 years   103     96     18     127  
            
Total time deposits   8,370     90,239     5,544     78,219  
            

 

450498


Financial information

 

Short-term borrowings

 

The following table presentsshows the period-end, average and maximum month-end outstanding amounts for short-term borrowings, along with the average rates and period-end rates at and for the years ended 31 December 2012, 2011 2010 and 2009.2010.

 

 Short-term debt Due to banks1 Repurchase agreements2   Short-term debt   Due to banks1   Repurchase agreements2 
CHF million, except where indicated 31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.09 31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.09 31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.09   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10 
Period-end balance  71,377    56,039    51,579    6,966    24,332    15,086    152,121    150,024    136,811     32,493     71,377     56,039     1,773     6,966     24,332     72,440     152,121     150,024  
                            
Average balance  59,175    54,594    86,875    14,834    22,401    50,838    170,442    178,458    195,613     50,301     59,175     54,594     5,256     14,834     22,401     144,766     170,442     178,458  
                            
Maximum month-end balance  71,377    64,941    125,812    20,080    37,886    70,985    194,684    207,828    272,443     72,432    ��71,377     64,941     13,541     20,080     37,886     182,098     194,684     207,828  
                            
Average interest rate during the period (%)  0.7    0.7    1.5    1.0    0.9    0.7    0.4    0.4    0.7     0.7     0.7     0.7     0.4     1.0     0.9     0.3     0.4     0.4  
                            
Average interest rate at period-end (%)  0.7    0.7    0.9    1.0    1.0    0.6    0.3    0.4    0.3     0.7     0.7     0.7     0.2     1.0     1.0     0.2     0.3     0.4  
                            

1  Presented net of Due from banks to reflect short-term borrowings. The difference between the gross Due to banks amount and the amount disclosed here is presented as deposits from banks on the preceding page.  2  Repurchase agreements are presented on a gross basis, and therefore, for the purpose of this disclosure, do not reflect the effect of netting permitted under IFRS.

Contractual maturities of investments in debt instruments available-for-sale1,2

 

  Within 1 year   1 to 5 years   5 to 10 years   Over 10 years 
CHF million, except percentages  Amount   Yield (%)   Amount   Yield (%)   Amount   Yield (%)   Amount   Yield (%) 
31 December 2012                
                        
Swiss national government and agencies   110     0.13     45     0.44         1     4.00  
                        
US Treasury and agencies   11,152     0.20     12,397     0.25     877     1.34      
                        
Foreign governments and official institutions   23,189     0.27     3,869     0.74     2     3.11     18     8.15  
                        
Corporate debt securities   2,030     0.69     4,154     0.93     113     4.76     3     8.83  
                        
Mortgage-backed securities           0     4.62     7,313     1.51  
                        
Total fair value3   36,482       20,464       993       7,335    
                        

  Within 1 year   Over 1 up to 5 years   Over 5 up to 10 years   Over 10 years   Within 1 year   1 to 5 years   5 to 10 years   Over 10 years 
CHF million, except percentages  Amount   Yield (%)   Amount   Yield (%)   Amount   Yield (%)   Amount   Yield (%)   Amount   Yield (%)   Amount   Yield (%)   Amount   Yield (%)   Amount   Yield (%) 
31 December 2011                                
                                                
Swiss national government and agencies   226     0.21     130     0.88         1     4.00     226     0.21     130     0.88         1     4.00  
                                                
US Treasury and agencies   10,082     0.24     5,891     0.21     1,157     0.76         10,082     0.24     5,891     0.21     1,157     0.76      
                                                
Foreign governments and official institutions   18,751     0.42     2,338     0.83     2     3.04     24     6.76     18,751     0.42     2,338     0.83     2     3.04     24     6.76  
                                                
Corporate debt securities   3,267     0.73     1,592     1.47     6     10.87     7     10.54     3,267     0.73     1,592     1.47     6     10.87     7     10.54  
                                                
Mortgage-backed securities           1     4.47     8,540     2.42             1     4.47     8,540     2.42  
                        
Other debt instruments                
                                                
Total fair value3   32,326       9,951       1,166       8,573       32,326       9,951       1,166       8,573    
                                                

  Within 1 year   Over 1 up to 5 years   Over 5 up to 10 years   Over 10 years   Within 1 year   1 to 5 years   5 to 10 years   Over 10 years 
CHF million, except percentages  Amount   Yield (%)   Amount   Yield (%)   Amount   Yield (%)   Amount   Yield (%)   Amount   Yield (%)   Amount   Yield (%)   Amount   Yield (%)   Amount   Yield (%) 
31 December 2010                                
                                                
Swiss national government and agencies   3,048     0.54     95     1.34         1     4.00     3,048     0.54     95     1.34         1     4.00  
                                                
US Treasury and agencies   18,500     0.41     6,687     1.11     8,792     1.62         18,500     0.41     6,687     1.11     8,792     1.62      
                                                
Foreign governments and official institutions   20,916     0.55     843     0.78     4,552     3.28     28     5.20     20,916     0.55     843     0.78     4,552     3.28     28     5.20  
                                                
Corporate debt securities4   5,119     1.02     652     0.81     1     5.38     4     15.84     5,119     1.02     652     0.81     1     5.38     4     15.84  
                                                
Mortgage-backed securities       3     4.83     1     13.09     4,089     3.04         3     4.83     1     13.09     4,089     3.04  
                                                
Other debt instruments   51     14.52     3     14.52             51     14.52     3     14.52          
                                                
Total fair value   47,633       8,284       13,345       4,122       47,633       8,284       13,345       4,122    
                                                

  Within 1 year   Over 1 up to 5 years   Over 5 up to 10 years   Over 10 years 
CHF million, except percentages  Amount   Yield (%)   Amount   Yield (%)   Amount   Yield (%)   Amount   Yield (%) 
31 December 2009                
                        
Swiss national government and agencies   623     0.47     16     2.27     6     1.11     1     4.00  
                        
US Treasury and agencies   41,451     0.16     5,044     0.02          
                        
Foreign governments and official institutions   28,861     0.30     96     2.75     25     1.88     18     3.66  
                        
Corporate debt securities4   1,139     0.11     1,808     0.10     0     21.80     3     21.80  
                        
Mortgage-backed securities   27     0.00     3     4.87     25     3.75     752     0.43  
                        
Other debt instruments   98     2.80     3     1.21          
                        
Total fair value   72,199       6,970       56       774    
                        

1  Debt instruments without fixed maturities are not disclosed in this table.  2 Average yields are calculated on an amortized cost basis.  33 Includes CHF 25,677 million of investments in debt instruments as of 31 December 2012 issued by US government and government agencies of CHF 31,740 million (31 December 2011: CHF 25,677 million), the German government of CHF 6,669 million (31 December 2011: CHF 1,991 million), and the UK government of CHF 8,8545,042 million of investments in debt instruments issued by Japanese government and government agencies as of 31(31 December 2011.2011: CHF 3,477 million).  4 Absolute Return Bonds (ARBs) had been purchased below par and therefore generated a yield of 15.8% in 2010 (21.8% in 2009).2010.

Financial information

Additional disclosure required under SEC regulations

 

Due from banks and loans (gross)

 

 

The Group’s lending portfolio is widely diversified across industry sectors with no significant concentrations of credit risk. CHF 161.7169.6 billion (55.6%(56.2% of the total) consists of loans to thousands of private households, predominantly in Switzerland, and mostly secured by mortgages, financial collateral or other assets. Exposure to Banks and Financial institutions amounted to CHF 66.366.2 billion (22.8%(21.9% of the total). Exposure to banks includes money market deposits with highly rated institutions. Excluding Banks and Financial institutions, the largest industry sector exposure as of 31 December 20112012 is CHF 14.316.6 billion (4.9%

(5.5% of the total) to Services. For further discussion of the loan portfolio, refer to the “Risk management and control” section of this report.

The following table illustrates the diversification of the loan portfolio among industry sectors at 31 December 2012, 2011, 2010, 2009 2008 and 2007.2008. The industry categories presented are consistent with the classification of loans for reporting to the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) and the Swiss National Bank. Loans designated at fair value and loans held in the trading portfolio are excluded from the tables below.

 

 

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.08   31.12.07   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.08 
Domestic                    
                              
Banks1   566     1,130     609     1,056     735  
Banks   541     566     1,130     609     1,056  
                              
Construction   1,292     1,356     1,381     1,554     1,594     1,360     1,292     1,356     1,381     1,554  
                              
Financial institutions   4,257     3,735     4,370     5,984     5,322     4,265     4,257     3,735     4,370     5,984  
                              
Hotels and restaurants   1,831     1,803     1,882     1,811     1,824     1,745     1,831     1,803     1,882     1,811  
                              
Manufacturing   3,252     3,192     3,374     3,739     3,768     2,976     3,252     3,192     3,374     3,739  
                              
Private households   120,671     119,796     119,432     119,285     121,536     123,167     120,671     119,796     119,432     119,285  
                              
Public authorities   2,992     4,908     3,785     4,042     4,734     2,708     2,992     4,908     3,785     4,042  
                              
Real estate and rentals   13,169     12,252     11,745     11,921     11,489     13,682     13,169     12,252     11,745     11,921  
                              
Retail and wholesale   4,433     4,101     4,288     4,781     4,647     4,345     4,433     4,101     4,288     4,781  
                              
Services   5,770     5,718     5,702     5,935     5,875     5,862     5,770     5,718     5,702     5,935  
                              
Other2   3,131     3,117     3,423     3,523     3,712  
Other1   3,538     3,131     3,117     3,423     3,523  
                              
Total domestic   161,364     161,108     159,991     163,632     165,235     164,189     161,364     161,108     159,991     163,632  
Foreign                    
                              
Banks1   22,669     16,028     16,227     16,659     25,269  
Banks   20,711     22,669     16,028     16,227     16,659  
                              
Chemicals   392     351     2,358     2,765     635     254     392     351     2,358     2,765  
                              
Construction   750     952     741     566     848     1,731     750     952     741     566  
                              
Electricity, gas and water supply   746     525     653     1,064     789     1,205     746     525     653     1,064  
                              
Financial institutions   38,802     41,307     43,345     60,198     36,389     40,650     38,802     41,307     43,345     60,198  
                              
Manufacturing   1,955     2,010     2,547     4,126     3,743     1,828     1,955     2,010     2,547     4,126  
                              
Mining   1,979     2,463     2,217     2,859     3,412     1,279     1,979     2,463     2,217     2,859  
                              
Private households   41,045     31,361     33,166     33,216     42,219     46,458     41,045     31,361     33,166     33,216  
                              
Public authorities   5,459     9,858     10,781     8,075     2,739     4,319     5,459     9,858     10,781     8,075  
                              
Real estate and rentals   2,158     1,420     1,110     3,821     4,595     2,721     2,158     1,420     1,110     3,821  
                              
Retail and wholesale   2,044     1,711     1,438     1,873     1,807     2,063     2,044     1,711     1,438     1,873  
                              
Services   8,529     9,534     8,180     9,530     8,502     10,735     8,529     9,534     8,180     9,530  
                              
Transport, storage and communication   2,068     1,652     2,474     3,115     1,345     3,021     2,068     1,652     2,474     3,115  
                              
Other3   703     841     734     577     970  
Other2   693     703     841     734     577  
                              
Total foreign   129,300     120,014     125,969     148,444     133,263     137,669     129,300     120,014     125,969     148,444  
                              
Total gross   290,664     281,121     285,960     312,076     298,498     301,858     290,664     281,121     285,960     312,076  
                              

1  Includes Due from banks and Loans from Industrial Holdings of CHF 27 million at 31 December 2007.  2  Includes chemicals, food and beverages, transportation, storage, mining, electricity, gas and water supply.  32 Includes food and beverages, hotels and restaurants.

 

452500


Financial information

 

Due from banks and loans (gross) (continued)

 

The following table analyzes the Group’s mortgage portfolio by geographic origin of the client and type of mortgage at 31 December 2012, 2011, 2010, 2009 2008 and 2007.2008. Mortgages are included in the industry categories mentioned on the previous page.

 

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.08   31.12.07   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.08 
Mortgages                    
                              
Domestic   138,204     136,687     136,029     134,700     135,341     142,143     138,204     136,687     136,029     134,700  
                              
Foreign   8,818     6,174     4,972     8,381     8,152     12,311     8,818     6,174     4,972     8,381  
               ��              
Total gross mortgages   147,022     142,861     141,001     143,081     143,493     154,454     147,022     142,861     141,001     143,081  
                              
Mortgages                    
                              
Residential   125,775     122,499     121,031     121,811     122,435     132,033     125,775     122,499     121,031     121,811  
                              
Commercial   21,247     20,362     19,970     21,270     21,058     22,421     21,247     20,362     19,970     21,270  
                              
Total gross mortgages   147,022     142,861     141,001     143,081     143,493     154,454     147,022     142,861     141,001     143,081  
                              

Due from banks and loan maturities (gross)

 

CHF million  Within 1 year   1 to 5 years   Over 5 years   Total   Within 1 year   1 to 5 years   Over 5 years   Total 
Domestic                
                        
Banks   520     27     19     566     505     36     0     541  
                        
Mortgages   56,619     56,473     25,112     138,204     63,077     51,523     27,542     142,143  
                        
Other loans   17,474     3,890     1,230     22,594     17,110     3,232     1,163     21,505  
                        
Total domestic   74,613     60,390     26,361     161,364     80,692     54,791     28,706     164,189  
                        
Foreign                
                        
Banks   21,894     716     59     22,669     20,556     128     27     20,711  
                        
Mortgages   6,214     1,598     1,006     8,818     8,885     1,976     1,450     12,311  
                        
Other loans   69,237     16,354     12,222     97,813     78,507     16,201     9,940     104,648  
                        
Total foreign   97,345     18,668     13,287     129,300     107,947     18,305     11,417     137,669  
                        
Total gross   171,958     79,058     39,648     290,664     188,639     73,096     40,123     301,858  
                        

At 31 December 2011,2012, the total amount of Due from banks and Loans due after one year granted at fixed and floating rates are as follows:

 

CHF million  1 to 5 years   Over 5 years   Total   1 to 5 years   Over 5 years   Total 
Fixed-rate loans   71,884     28,232     100,116     63,715     31,780     95,495  
                  
Adjustable or floating-rate loans   7,174     11,416     18,590     9,381     8,343     17,724  
                  
Total   79,058     39,648     118,706     73,096     40,123     113,219  
                  

Financial information

Additional disclosure required under SEC regulations

 

Impaired and non-performing loans

 

 

A loan (included in Due from banks or Loans) is classified as non-performing: 1) when the payment of interest, principal or fees is overdue by more than 90 days and there is no firm evidence that it will be made good by later payments or the liquidation of collateral; 2) when insolvency proceedings have commenced; or 3) when obligations have been restructured on concessionary terms. For IFRS reporting purposes, the definition of impaired loans is more comprehensive, covering both non-performing loans and other situations where objective evidence indicates that UBS may be unable to collect

all amounts due. Refer to “Impairment and default – distressed claims” in the “Risk, treasury and capital management” section of this report for comprehensive information about UBS’s impaired loans, of which non-performing loans are a component. Also, see “Note 1 Summary of significant accounting policies” to the consolidated financial statements for more information on the various risk factors that are considered to be indicative of impairment.

The table below provides an analysis of the Group’s non-performing loans. For further information, see “Credit risk” in the “Risk, treasury and capital management” section of this report.

 

 

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.08   31.12.07   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.08 
                              
Non-performing loans:                    
                              
Domestic   1,199     1,164     1,462     1,431     1,349     1,121     1,199     1,164     1,462     1,431  
                              
Foreign   329     563     3,940     3,272     132     395     329     563     3,940     3,272  
                              
Total non-performing loans   1,529     1,727     5,402     4,703     1,481     1,516     1,529     1,727     5,402     4,703  
                              
CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.08   31.12.07   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.08 
                              
Gross interest income that would have been recorded on non-performing loans:                    
                              
Domestic   10     11     13     16     39     8     10     11     13     16  
                              
Foreign   9     35     89     7     6     3     9     35     89     7  
                              
Interest income included in Net profit for non-performing loans:                    
                              
Domestic   29     35     41     32     40     28     29     35     41     32  
                              
Foreign   6     19     30     6     2     6     6     19     30     6  
                              

 

UBS does not, as a matter of policy, typically restructure loans to accrue interest at rates different from the original contractual terms or reduce the principal amount of loans. Refer to the “Credit risk” section of this report for more information. Instead,

specific loan allowances are established as necessary. Unrecognized interest related to restructured loans was not material to the results of operations in 2012, 2011, 2010, 2009 2008 or 2007.

In addition to the non-performing loans shown above, the Group has CHF 626 million, CHF 2,466 million, CHF 1,463 million, CHF 4,442 million and CHF 911 million in “other impaired loans” for the years ended 31 December 2011, 2010, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

Other impaired loans are loans where the Group’s credit officers have expressed doubts as to the ability of the borrowers to repay the loans. For the years ended 31 December 2011, 2010, 2009, 2008 and 2007, they are loans not considered “non-performing” in accordance with Swiss regulatory guidelines. As of 31 December 2011, 31 December 2010, 31 December 2009, 31 December 2008 and 31 December 2007, specific allowances of CHF 308 million, CHF 536 million, CHF 410 million, CHF 941 million and CHF 124 million, respectively, had been established against these loans.2008.

 

 

454502


Financial information

 

Cross-border outstandings

 

 

Cross-border outstandings consist of balances with central banks and other financial institutions, loans, reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities borrowed with counter­partiescounterparties domiciled outside Switzerland. Guarantees and commitments are provided separately in the table below.

Effective 2011, UBS has revised its basis for the disclosure of cross-border outstandings. Cross-border outstandings presented below generally reflect our gross exposure. Previously, our disclosures were based on UBS’s internal risk view, which considered the risk­reducing effect of collateral and other credit enhancements. In previous years, cross-border outstandings also included exposures in relation to over­the-counter (OTC) derivatives and exchange-traded (ETD) derivatives, which were represented as a credit equivalent based on UBS’s internal risk measures, as well as exposures related to debt securities. UBS revised these disclosures in order to better align with the financial statement presentation. Prior periods have been restated to reflect the new basis for disclosure.

The following tables list those countries for which cross-border outstandings exceeded 0.75% of total IFRS assets at 31 December 2012, 2011 2010 and 2009.2010. As of 31 December 2011,2012, there were no outstandings that exceeded 0.75% of total IFRS assets in any country currently facing debt restructuring or liquidity problems

that the Group expects would materially impact the country’s ability to service its obligations. Aggregate country risk exposures are monitored and reported on an ongoing basis by the risk control organization, based on an internal framework. The internal risk view is not directly comparable to the cross-border outstandings in the table below due to different approaches to netting, differing trade populations and differing approach toa different method used for the allocation of exposures to countries. For more information on the country framework within risk control, refer to the “Credit risk” section of this report.

 

 

  31.12.11   31.12.12 
CHF million  Banks   Private sector   Public sector   Total
outstandings
   % of total assets   Guarantees and
Commitments1
   Banks   Private sector   Public sector   

Total

outstandings

   % of total assets   

Guarantees and

commitments1

 
United States   114,952     107,132     10,000     232,084     16.4     46,285  
USA   45,371     93,401     35,125     173,897     13.8     43,904  
                                    
United Kingdom   13,679     37,945     6,116     57,740     4.1     13,487     13,366     36,960     4,287     54,613     4.3     12,106  
                                    
Japan   3,799     13,566     3,020     20,385     1.4     7,090     2,014     21,943     4,707     28,663     2.3     2,208  
                                    
France   5,220     12,830     72     18,122     1.3     8,034     4,885     5,955     409     11,250     0.9     9,161  
                                    

  31.12.10   31.12.11 
CHF million  Banks   Private sector   Public sector   Total outstandings   % of total assets   Guarantees and
Commitments2
   Banks   Private sector   Public sector   Total outstandings   % of total assets   

Guarantees and

commitments1

 
United States   58,151     88,297     11,879     158,326     12.0     40,606  
USA   114,952     107,132     10,000     232,084     16.4     46,285  
                  
United Kingdom   13,679     37,945     6,116     57,740     4.1     13,487  
                  
Japan   3,799     13,566     3,020     20,385     1.4     7,090  
                  
France   5,220     12,830     72     18,122     1.3     8,034  
                  

  31.12.10 
CHF million  Banks   Private sector   Public sector   Total outstandings   % of total assets   Guarantees and
commitments2
 
USA   58,151     88,297     11,879     158,326     12.0     40,606  
                                    
United Kingdom   20,850     36,044     3,635     60,529     4.6     4,010     20,850     36,044     3,635     60,529     4.6     4,010  
                                    
Japan   4,284     3,467     9,299     17,049     1.3     94     4,284     3,467     9,299     17,049     1.3     94  
                                    
France   3,907     8,245     71     12,223     0.9     2,140     3,907     8,245     71     12,223     0.9     2,140  
                                    
Canada   9,283     2,049     0     11,332     0.9     1,336     9,283     2,049     0     11,332     0.9     1,336  
                                    
Germany   4,427     5,883     195     10,506     0.8     2,463     4,427     5,883     195     10,506     0.8     2,463  
                                    

  31.12.09 

CHF million

  Banks   Private sector   Public sector   Total outstandings   % of total assets   Guarantees and
Commitments2
 
United States   41,295     100,098     16,978     158,370     11.8     38,140  
                  
United Kingdom   16,622     37,363     1,931     55,917     4.2     5,088  
                  
Germany   3,997     5,542     5,120     14,660     1.1     4,045  
                  
France   9,834     4,170     226     14,230     1.1     2,659  
                  

1Includes forward starting transactions (reverse repurchase agreements and securities borrowing agreements).2Excludes forward starting transactions.

Financial information

Additional disclosure required under SEC regulations

 

Summary of movements in allowances and provisions for credit losses

 

 

The following table provides an analysis of movements in allowances and provisions for credit losses.

UBS writes off loans against allowances only on final settlement of bankruptcy proceedings, the sale of the underlying assets

and/or in the

case of debt forgiveness. Under Swiss law, a creditor can continue to collect from a debtor who has emerged from bankruptcy, unless the debt has been forgiven through a formal agreement.

 

 

CHF million  31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.09 31.12.08 31.12.07   31.12.12 31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.09 31.12.08 
Balance at beginning of year   1,287    2,820    3,070    1,164    1,332     938    1,287    2,820    3,070    1,164  
      
Domestic            
      
Write-offs            
      
Construction   (8  (8  (15  (6  (9   (1  (8  (8  (15  (6
      
Financial institutions   (17  (47  (2  (37  (9   0    (17  (47  (2  (37
      
Hotels and restaurants   0    (1  (2  (3  (8   (1  0    (1  (2  (3
      
Manufacturing   (31  (28  (21  (24  (14   (20  (31  (28  (21  (24
      
Private households   (59  (66  (61  (112  (69   (45  (59  (66  (61  (112
      
Public authorities   0    0    0    0    (1   0    0    0    0    0  
      
Real estate and rentals   (3  (2  (19  (10  (26   (2  (3  (2  (19  (10
      
Retail and wholesale   (37  (117  (41  (4  (62   (21  (37  (117  (41  (4
      
Services   (21  (49  (3  (7  (17   (6  (21  (49  (3  (7
      
Other1   (6  (16  (12  (8  (54   (17  (6  (16  (12  (8
      
Total gross domestic write-offs   (183  (332  (177  (210  (268   (112  (183  (332  (177  (210
      
Foreign            
      
Write-offs            
      
Banks   (8  (2  (8  (134  (1   0    (8  (2  (8  (134
      
Chemicals   0    (846  (111  (1  0     0    0    (846  (111  (1
      
Construction   0    0    (10  0    0     0    0    0    (10  0  
      
Financial institutions   (39  (267  (685  (501  (15   (106  (39  (267  (685  (501
      
Manufacturing   0    (22  (138  (6  (21   0    0    (22  (138  (6
      
Mining   0    0    (5  0    0     0    0    0    (5  0  
      
Private households   (72  (21  (40  (4  (14   (15  (72  (21  (40  (4
      
Public authorities   (175  (1  (20  (2  (2   (54  (175  (1  (20  (2
      
Real estate and rentals   (7  (1  (196  (1  0     0    (7  (1  (196  (1
      
Retail and wholesale   0    (1  (122  0    0     0    0    (1  (122  0  
      
Services   (1  (9  (413  0    0     (19  (1  (9  (413  0  
      
Transport, storage and communication   0    (3  (37  (6  0     (5  0    (3  (37  (6
      
Other2   0    0    (80  (1  0     (2  0    0    (80  (1
      
Total gross foreign write-offs   (303  (1,173  (1,865  (658  (53   (201  (303  (1,173  (1,865  (658
      
Total usage of provisions   (14  0    (5  0    0     0    (14  0    (5  0  
      
Total write-offs / usage of provisions   (501  (1,505  (2,046  (868  (321   (313  (501  (1,505  (2,046  (868
      
Recoveries            
      
Domestic   50    38    44    43    52     43    50    38    44    43  
      
Foreign   1    41    8    1    3     21    1    41    8    1  
      
Total recoveries   51    79    52    44    55     63    51    79    52    44  
      
Total net write-offs / usage of provisions   (450  (1,427  (1,994  (824  (266   (250  (450  (1,427  (1,994  (824
      
Increase / (decrease) in specific allowances and provisions recognized in the income statement   0    67    1,806    3,007    242     133    0    67    1,806    3,007  
      
Increase / (decrease) in collective loan loss allowances recognized in the income statement   84    (2  26    (11  (4   (15  84    (2  26    (11
      
Foreign currency transaction   17    (173  (37  (43  (9
Unwind of discount   (3  18    1    25    9  
   
Foreign currency translation   (8  (1  (175  (61  (51
      
Other adjustments recognized in the income statement   0    0    (51)3   (223)3   (131   0    0    0    (51)3   (223)3 
      
Balance at end of year4   938    1,287    2,820    3,070    1,164     794    938    1,287    2,820    3,070  
      

1  Includes chemicals, food and beverages, transportation, storage, mining, electricity, gas and water supply.2  Includes food and beverages, hotels and restaurants.3  In 2009, the other adjustment was due to the sale of UBS Pactual. In 2008, a loan was forgiven in exchange for the collateral.4  IncludedIncludes allowances for cash collateral on securities borrowed.

 

456504


Financial information

 

Allocation of the allowances and provisions for credit losses

 

The following table provides an analysis of the allocation of the allowances and provisions for credit loss by industry sector and geographic location at 31 December 2012, 2011, 2010, 2009 2008 and 2007.

and 2008. For a description of procedures with respect to allowances and provisions for credit losses, refer to the “Risk management and control” section of this report.

 

 

CHF million  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.08   31.12.07   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.08 
Domestic                    
                              
Banks   1     1     1     16     10     3     1     1     1     16  
                              
Construction   15     23     27     39     43     16     15     23     27     39  
                              
Financial services   19     28     126     18     52     21     19     28     126     18  
                              
Hotels and restaurants   6     5     6     8     10     9     6     5     6     8  
                              
Manufacturing   65     93     104     84     98     44     65     93     104     84  
                              
Private households   77     91     119     125     190     60     77     91     119     125  
                              
Public authorities   0     0     1     1     1     0     0     0     1     1  
                              
Real estate and rentals   14     19     21     50     57     10     14     19     21     50  
                              
Retail and wholesale   131     165     221     262     247     123     131     165     221     262  
                              
Services   24     45     99     79     87     24     24     45     99     79  
                              
Other1   28     27     43     47     53     16     28     27     43     47  
                              
Total domestic specific allowances   379     497     768     729     848     326     379     497     768     729  
                              
Foreign                    
                              
Banks2   16     23     31     6     35     19     16     23     31     6  
                              
Chemicals   8     8     1,037     960     1     1     8     8     1,037     960  
                              
Construction   6     2     1     8     1     20     6     2     1     8  
                              
Electricity, gas and water supply   1     0     0     2     3     1     1     0     0     2  
                              
Financial services   96     190     414     530     96     37     96     190     414     530  
                              
Manufacturing   23     15     83     25     13     23     23     15     83     25  
                              
Mining   0     0     0     4     0     0     0     0     0     4  
                              
Private households   60     139     171     226     13     45     60     139     171     226  
                              
Public authorities   33     171     18     19     20     39     33     171     18     19  
                              
Real estate and rentals   10     15     36     208     8     4     10     15     36     208  
                              
Retail and wholesale   15     8     17     81     4     39     15     8     17     81  
                              
Services   28     12     100     205     7     35     28     12     100     205  
                              
Transport, storage and communication   39     29     7     1     1     27     39     29     7     1  
                              
Other3   0     0     0     12     17     0     0     0     0     12  
                              
Total foreign specific allowances   335     613     1,913     2,287     219     290     335     613     1,913     2,287  
                              
Collective loan loss allowances   131     47     49     23     34     114     131     47     49     23  
                              
Provisions for loan commitments and guarantees   93     130     90     31     63     64     93     130     90     31  
                              
Total allowances and provisions for credit losses4   938     1,287     2,820     3,070     1,164     794     938     1,287     2,820     3,070  
                              

1Includes chemicals, food and beverages, transportation, storage, mining, electricity, gas and water supply  supply.2Counterparty allowances only.3Includes food and beverages, hotels and restaurants.4Includes allowances for cash collateral on securities borrowed.

Financial information

Additional disclosure required under SEC regulations

 

Due from banks and loans by industry sector (gross)

 

 

The following table presents the percentage of loans in each industry sector and geographic location to total loans. This table can be read in conjunction with the preceding table showing

the breakdown of the

allowances and provisions for credit losses by industry sectors to evaluate the credit risks in each of the categories.

 

 

In %  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.08   31.12.07   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.08 
Domestic                    
                              
Banks1   0.2     0.4     0.2     0.3     0.2  
Banks   0.2     0.2     0.4     0.2     0.3  
                              
Construction   0.4     0.5     0.5     0.5     0.5     0.5     0.4     0.5     0.5     0.5  
                              
Financial services   1.5     1.3     1.5     1.9     1.8     1.4     1.5     1.3     1.5     1.9  
                              
Hotels and restaurants   0.6     0.6     0.7     0.6     0.6     0.6     0.6     0.6     0.7     0.6  
                              
Manufacturing   1.1     1.1     1.2     1.2     1.3     1.0     1.1     1.1     1.2     1.2  
                              
Private households   41.5     42.6     41.8     38.2     40.7     40.8     41.5     42.6     41.8     38.2  
                              
Public authorities   1.0     1.7     1.3     1.3     1.6     0.9     1.0     1.7     1.3     1.3  
                              
Real estate and rentals   4.5     4.4     4.1     3.8     3.8     4.5     4.5     4.4     4.1     3.8  
                              
Retail and wholesale   1.5     1.5     1.5     1.5     1.6     1.4     1.5     1.5     1.5     1.5  
                              
Services   2.0     2.0     2.0     1.9     2.0     1.9     2.0     2.0     2.0     1.9  
                              
Other2   1.1     1.1     1.2     1.1     1.2  
Other1   1.2     1.1     1.1     1.2     1.1  
                              
Total domestic   55.5     57.3     55.9     52.4     55.4     54.4     55.5     57.3     55.9     52.4  
                              
Foreign                    
                              
Banks1   7.8     5.7     5.7     5.3     8.5  
Banks   6.9     7.8     5.7     5.7     5.3  
                              
Chemicals   0.1     0.1     0.8     0.9     0.2     0.1     0.1     0.1     0.8     0.9  
                              
Construction   0.3     0.3     0.3     0.2     0.3     0.6     0.3     0.3     0.3     0.2  
                              
Electricity, gas and water supply   0.3     0.2     0.2     0.3     0.3     0.4     0.3     0.2     0.2     0.3  
                              
Financial services   13.3     14.7     15.2     19.3     12.2     13.5     13.3     14.7     15.2     19.3  
                              
Manufacturing   0.7     0.7     0.9     1.3     1.3     0.6     0.7     0.7     0.9     1.3  
                              
Mining   0.7     0.9     0.8     0.9     1.1     0.4     0.7     0.9     0.8     0.9  
                              
Private households   14.1     11.2     11.6     10.6     14.1     15.4     14.1     11.2     11.6     10.6  
                              
Public authorities   1.9     3.5     3.8     2.6     0.9     1.4     1.9     3.5     3.8     2.6  
                              
Real estate and rentals   0.7     0.5     0.4     1.2     1.5     0.9     0.7     0.5     0.4     1.2  
                              
Retail and wholesale   0.7     0.6     0.5     0.6     0.6     0.7     0.7     0.6     0.5     0.6  
                              
Services   2.9     3.4     2.9     3.1     2.8     3.6     2.9     3.4     2.9     3.1  
                              
Transport, storage and communication   0.7     0.6     0.9     1.0     0.5     1.0     0.7     0.6     0.9     1.0  
                              
Other3   0.2     0.3     0.3     0.2     0.3  
Other2   0.2     0.2     0.3     0.3     0.2  
                              
Total foreign   44.5     42.7     44.1     47.6     44.6     45.6     44.5     42.7     44.1     47.6  
                              
Total gross   100.0     100.0     100.0     100.0     100.0     100.0     100.0     100.0     100.0     100.0  
                           ��  

1  Includes Due from banks and Loans from industrial holdings of CHF 27 million at 31 December 2007.  2Includes chemicals, food and beverages, transportation, storage, mining, electricity, gas and water supply.32Includes food and beverages, hotels and restaurants.

 

458506


Financial information

 

Loss history statistics

 

CHF million, except where indicated  31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.09 31.12.08 31.12.07   31.12.12 31.12.11 31.12.10 31.12.09 31.12.08 
Due from banks and loans (gross)   290,664    281,121    285,960    312,076    298,498     301,858    290,664    281,121    285,960    312,076  
      
Impaired loans   2,155    4,193    6,865    9,145    2,392  
Impaired loans (including due from banks)   1,606    2,155    4,193    6,865    9,145  
      
Non-performing loans   1,529    1,727    5,402    4,703    1,481  
Non-performing loans (including due from banks)   1,516    1,529    1,727    5,402    4,703  
      
Allowances and provisions for credit losses1, 2   938    1,287    2,820    3,070    1,164     794    938    1,287    2,820    3,070  
      

of which: allowances for due from banks and loans1

   842    1,111    2,680    2,927    1,031     728    842    1,111    2,680    2,927  
      
Net write-offs3   449    1,427    1,994    824    266     250    450    1,427    1,994    824  
      

of which: net write-offs for due from banks and loans

   413    1,428    1,882    212    266     250    413    1,428    1,882    212  
      
Credit loss (expense)/recovery4   (84  (66  (1,832  (2,996  (238
Credit loss (expense) / recovery4   (118  (84  (66  (1,832  (2,996
      

of which: credit loss (expense)/recovery for due from banks and loans

   (126  (24  (1,776  (2,329  (172

of which: credit loss (expense) / recovery for due from banks and loans

   (134  (126  (24  (1,776  (2,329
      
Ratios            
      
Impaired loans as a percentage of due from banks and loans (gross)   0.7    1.5    2.4    2.9    0.8     0.5    0.7    1.5    2.4    2.9  
      
Non-performing loans as a percentage of due from banks and loans (gross)   0.5    0.6    1.9    1.5    0.5     0.5    0.5    0.6    1.9    1.5  
      
Allowances as a percentage of due from banks and loans (gross)   0.3    0.4    0.9    0.9    0.3     0.2    0.3    0.4    0.9    0.9  
      
Net write-offs as a percentage of average due from banks and loans (gross) outstanding during the period   0.1    0.5    0.6    0.1    0.1     0.1    0.1    0.5    0.6    0.1  
      

1  Includes collective loan loss allowances.  2 Includes provisions for loan commitments and allowances for securities borrowing transactions.  3 Includes net write-offs for loan commitments and securities borrowing transactions.  4 Includes credit loss (expense) / recovery for loan commitments and securities borrowing transactions.


UBS registered shares

UBS share price chart vs Dow JonesDJ Banks Titans 30 Index

 

 

LOGOLOGO

UBS shares and market capitalization

 

  As of   % change from   As of   % change from 
  31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.09   31.12.10   31.12.12   31.12.11   31.12.10   31.12.11 
Share price (CHF)   11.18     15.35     16.05     (27   14.27     11.18     15.35     28  
                        
Market capitalization (CHF million)1   42,843     58,803     57,108     (27   54,729     42,843     58,803     28  
                        

1  Market capitalization is calculated based on the total UBS ordinary shares issued multiplied by the UBS share price at period end. The total UBS ordinary shares issued as of 31 December 2009 do not reflect the 272.7 million UBS shares issued through the conversion of mandatory convertible notes placed with two investors in March 2008 and converted in March 2010. Refer to “Note 8 Earnings per share (EPS) and shares outstanding” in the “Financial information” section of this report for more information.

 

UBS ordinary shares are registered shares with a par value of CHF 0.10 per share. They are issued in the form oftraded and settled as global registered shares. A globalGlobal registered share is a security that providesshares provide direct and equal ownership for all shareholders. It can be tradedshareholders, irrespective of the country and transferred across applicable borders without the need for conversion, with identical shares tradedstock exchange on different stock exchanges in different currencies. Thewhich they are traded. UBS shares are currently listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange.

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Refer to the “Capital structure” sectionand “Shareholders” participation rights” sections of this report for more information on our shares including par value, type and rights of security

Over the course of 2011,2012, UBS shares declined 27%increased 28% on the SIX and 28%33% in US dollar terms on the NYSE. The global banking sector as measured by the Dow Jones Banks Titans 30 Index declined 24%increased 25% in Swiss franc terms and 25%28% in US dollar terms.

Ticker symbols

 

 

 

Trading exchange  Bloomberg  Reuters
SIX Swiss Exchange  UBSN VX  UBSN.VX
       
NYSENew York Stock Exchange  UBS UN  UBS.N
       
Security identification codes
       
ISIN    CH0024899483
       
Valoren    24892 489 948
       
Cusip    CINS H89231 33 8
       
 

Annual Report 20112012

 

Information sources

Reporting publications

Annual publications

Annual report (SAP no. 80531):Published in both English and German, this single volume report provides a description of: our UBS Group strategyoperating environment and performance; the strategystrategy; our financial and performance of the business divisions and the Corporate Center;operating performance; risk, treasury and capital management; corporate governance, responsibility and senior management andcompensation, including compensation to the Board of Directors compensation;and the Group Executive Board members; and financial information, including the financial statements.Review (SAP no. 80530):The booklet contains key information on our strategy and financials. It is published in English, German, French and Italian.Compensation Report (SAP no. 82307):The report discusses our compensation for senior managementframework and provides information on compensation to the Board of Directors (non-independent and independent).the Group Executive Board members. It is published in English and German.

Quarterly publications:publications

Letter to shareholders:The letter provides a quarterly update from executive management on our strategy and performance. The letter is published in English, German, French and Italian.Financial report (SAP no. 80834): The quarterly financial report provides an update on our strategy and performance for the respective quarter. It is published in English.

How to order reports:reports

The annual and quarterly publications are available in PDF format on the internet atwww.ubs.com/investors in the “Financial information” section. Printed copies can be ordered from the same website by accessing the “Order print publications” panel on the left-hand side of the screen. Alternatively, they can be ordered by quoting the SAP number and the language preference where applicable, from UBS AG, F2AL–F4UK–AUL, P.O. Box, CH-8098 Zurich, Switzerland.

Other information

Website

The “Investor Relations” website atwww.ubs.com/investors provides the following information on UBS: pressnews releases; financial information (including results-related filings with the US Securities and Exchange Commission); corporate information, including UBS share price charts and data and dividend information; the UBS corporate calendar; and presentations by management for investors and financial analysts. Information on the internet is available in English and German.

Result presentations:presentations

Our quarterly results presentations are webcast live. A playback of most presentations is downloadable atwww.ubs.com/presentations.presentations.

Messaging service / UBS news alert:alert

On thewww.ubs.com/newsalerts website, it is possible to subscribe to receive news alerts about UBS via SMS or e-mail. Messages are sent in English, German, French or Italian and it is possible to state theme preferences for the alerts received.

Form 20-F and other submissions to the US Securities and Exchange Commission:Commission

We file periodic reports and submit other information about UBS to the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Principal among these filings is the annual report on Form 20-F, filed pursuant to the US Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The filing of Form 20-F is structured as a “wrap-around” document. Most sections of the filing can be satisfied by referring to parts of the annual report. However, there is a small amount of additional information in Form 20-F which is not presented elsewhere, and is particularly targeted at readers in the US. Readers are encouraged to refer to this additional disclosure. Any document that we file with the SEC is available to read and copy on the SEC’s website,www.sec.gov,or at the SEC’s public reference room at 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, DC, 20549. Please call the SEC by dialing +1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the operation of its public reference room. Please visithttp://www.ubs.com/investors for more information.

 

Corporate information

The legal and commercial name of the company is UBS AG. The company was formed on 29 June 1998, when Union Bank of Switzerland (founded 1862) and Swiss Bank Corporation (founded 1872) merged to form UBS.UBS AG is incorporated and domiciled in Switzerland and operates under Swiss Company Law and Swiss Federal Banking Law as an Aktiengesellschaft, a corporation that has issued shares of common stock to investors.

The addresses and telephone numbers of our two registered offices are: Bahnhofstrasse 45, CH-8001 Zurich, Switzerland, phone +41-44-234 11 11; and Aeschenvorstadt 1, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland, phone +41-61-288 50 50.

UBS AG shares are currently listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange.

Contacts
SwitchboardsMedia RelationsShareholder Services
For all general queries.UBS’s Media Relations team supports global mediaUBS’s Shareholder Services team, a unit of the
Zurich +41-44-234 1111and journalists from offices in Zurich, London,Company Secretary office, is responsible for
London +44-20-7568 0000New York and Hong Kong.the registration of the global registered shares.
New York +1-212-821 3000www.ubs.com/mediaUBS AG, Shareholder Services
Hong Kong +852-2971 8888Zurich +41-44-234 8500P.O. Box, CH-8098 Zurich, Switzerland
www.ubs.com/contactmediarelations@ubs.comsh-shareholder-services@ubs.com
London +44-20-7567 4714Hotline +41-44-235 6202
Investor Relationsubs-media-relations@ubs.comFax +41-44-235 3154
UBS’s Investor Relations team supports institu-New York +1-212-882 5857
tional, professional and retail investors from ourmediarelations-ny@ubs.comUS Transfer Agent
offices in Zurich and New York.Hong Kong +852-2971 8200For all global registered share-related queries
UBS AG, Investor Relationssh-mediarelations-ap@ubs.comin the US.
P.O. Box, CH-8098 Zurich, SwitzerlandComputershare
sh-investorrelations@ubs.comOffice of the Company Secretary480 Washington Boulevard
www.ubs.com/investorsThe Company Secretary receives queries onJersey City, NJ 07310-1900, USA
Hotline +41-44-234 4100compensation and related issues addressed tosh-relations@melloninvestor.com
New York +1-212-882 5734members of the Board of Directors.www.bnymellon.com/shareowner/equityaccess
Fax (Zurich) +41-44-234 3415UBS AG, Office of the Company SecretaryCalls from the US +866-541 9689
P.O. Box, CH-8098 Zurich, SwitzerlandCalls outside the US +1-201-680 6578
sh-company-secretary@ubs.comFax +1-201-680 4675
Hotline +41-44-234 3628
Fax +41-44-234 6603

Corporate calendar

Imprint

Publication of first quarter 2012 results

Wednesday, 2 May 2012

Publisher: UBS AG, Zurich and Basel, Switzerland | www.ubs.comLOGO
Languages: English / German | SAP-No. 80531E

Annual General Meeting

Thursday, 3 May 2012

© UBS 2012. The key symbol and UBS are among the registered and

unregistered trademarks of UBS. All rights reserved.

Publication of second quarter 2012 results

Tuesday, 31 July 2012

Publication of third quarter 2012 results

Tuesday, 30 October 2012

Annual Report 2011

 

 

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements | This report contains statements that constitute “forward-looking statements”, including but not limited to management’s outlook for UBS’s financial performance and statements relating to the anticipated effect of transactions and strategic initiatives on UBS’s business and future development. While these forward-looking statements represent UBS’s judgments and expectations concerning the matters described, a number of risks, uncertainties and other important factors could cause actual developments and results to differ materially from UBS’s expectations. These factors include, but are not limited to: (1) the degree to which UBS is successful in executing its announced strategic plans and related organizational changes, in particular its plans to transform its Investment Bank, its efficiency initiatives and its planned reduction in Basel III risk-weighted assets, and whether in each case those plans and changes will, when implemented, have the effects intended; (2) developments in the markets in which UBS operates or to which it is exposed, including movements in securities prices or liquidity, credit spreads, currency exchange rates and interest rates and the effect of economic conditions and market developments on the financial position or creditworthiness of UBS’s clients and counterparties; (2)(3) changes in the availability of capital and funding, including any changes in UBS’s credit spreads and ratings; (3) the ability of UBS to reduce its Basel III risk-weighted assets in order to comply with future Swiss capital requirements without materially adversely affecting its profitability; (4) changes in financial legislation and regulation in Switzerland, the US, the UK and other major financial centers which may impose constraints on or necessitate changes in the scope and location of UBS’s business activities and in its legal and booking structures, including the imposition of more stringent capital and liquidity requirements, incremental tax requirements and constraints on remuneration; (5) possible constraints or sanctions that regulatory authorities might impose on UBS, including as a consequence of the unauthorized trading incident announced in September 2011; (6) changes in UBS’s competitive position, including whether differences in regulatory capital and other requirements among the major financial centers will adversely affect UBS’s ability to compete in certain lines of business, (7)business; (6) the liability to which UBS may be exposed, or possible constraints or sanctions that regulatory authorities might impose on UBS, due to litigation, contractual claims and regulatory investigations, someincluding those that may arise from the ongoing investigations relating to the setting of which stemLIBOR and other benchmark rates, from the market events and losses incurred by clients and counterparties during the financial crisis of 2007–2009; (8)2007 to 2009, and from Swiss retrocessions; (7) the effects on UBS’s cross-border banking business of international tax treaties recently negotiated byor under discussion between Switzerland and other countries and future tax or regulatory developments; (9) the degree to which UBS is successful in effecting organizational changes and implementing strategic plans, and whether those changes and plans will have the effects intended; (10)(8) UBS’s ability to retain and attract the employees necessary to generate revenues and to manage, support and control its businesses; (11)businesses, which may be affected by competitive factors including compensation practices; (9) changes in accounting standards or policies, and accounting determinations or interpretations affecting the recognition of gain or loss, the valuation of goodwill and other matters; (12)(10) limitations on the effectiveness of UBS’s internal processes for risk management, risk control, measurement and modeling, and of financial models generally; (13)(11) whether UBS will be successful in keeping pace with competitors in updating its technology, particularly in trading businesses; and (14)(12) the occurrence of operational failures, such as fraud, unauthorized trading and systems failures, either within UBSfailures; and (13) the effect that these or within a counterparty.other factors or unanticipated events may have on our reputation and the additional consequences that this may have on our business and performance. Our business and financial performance could be affected by other factors identified in our past and future filings and reports, including those filed with the SEC. More detailed information about those factors is set forth in documents furnished by UBS and filings made by UBS with the SEC, including UBS’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended 31 December 2011.2012. UBS is not under any obligation to (and expressly disclaims any obligation to) update or alter its forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

Rounding | Numbers presented throughout this report may not add up precisely to the totals provided in the tables and text. Percentages and percent changes are calculated based on rounded figures displayed in the tables and text and may not precisely reflect the percentages and percent changes that would be derived based on figures that are not rounded.

 



 

 

 


UBS AG

P.O. Box, CH-8098 Zurich

P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel

www.ubs.com

 

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