As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 30, 20132014
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549 F
Form 20-F
(Mark One)
¨ | REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
OR
þ | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 20122013
OR
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
OR
¨ | SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Date of event requiring this shell company report
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number: 001-13372
KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
N/A | The Republic of Korea | |
(Translation of registrant’s name into English) | (Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
167 SAMSEONG-DONG,512 YEONGDONGDAERO, GANGNAM-GU, SEOUL 135-791, KOREA
(Address of principal executive offices)
Jungin Yoon,Younseung Lee, +822 3456 4216, junginyoon@kepco.co.kr,4217, winstraight@kepco.co.kr, +822 3456 4299
(Name, telephone, e-mail and/or facsimile number and address of company contact person)
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class: | Name of each exchange on which registered: | |
Common stock, par value Won 5,000 per share | New York Stock Exchange* | |
American depositary shares, each representing one-half of share of common stock | New York Stock Exchange |
* | Not for trading, but only in connection with the listing of American depositary shares on the New York Stock Exchange, pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission. |
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:
Twenty Year 7.40% Amortizing Debentures, due April 1, 2016
One Hundred Year 7.95% Zero-to-Full Debentures, due April 1, 2096
6% Debentures due December 1, 2026
7% Debentures due February 1, 2027
6 3/4% Debentures due August 1, 2027
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the last full fiscal year
covered by the annual report:
641,964,077 shares of common stock, par value of Won 5,000 per share
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes þ No ¨
If this annual report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Yes ¨ No þ
Note—Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 from their obligations under those Sections.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days: Yes þ No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files): Yes ¨ No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer þ Accelerated filer ¨ Non-accelerated filer ¨
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
U.S. GAAP ¨ International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board þ Other ¨
If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow. Item 17 ¨ Item 18 ¨
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No þ
(APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PAST FIVE YEARS)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. Yes ¨ No ¨
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Item 6E. | 109 | |||||||
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Item 12D. | ||||||||
ITEM 13. | ||||||||
ITEM 14. | MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS | |||||||
ITEM 15. | ||||||||
ITEM 16. | ||||||||
ITEM 16A. | ||||||||
ITEM 16B. | ||||||||
ITEM 16C. | ||||||||
ITEM 16D. | ||||||||
ITEM 16E. | PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS | |||||||
ITEM 16F. | ||||||||
ITEM 16G. | ||||||||
ITEM 16H. | ||||||||
ITEM 17. | ||||||||
ITEM 18. | ||||||||
ITEM 19. |
ii
CERTAIN DEFINED TERMS AND CONVENTIONS
All references to “Korea” or the “Republic���“Republic” in this annual report on Form 20-F, or this annual report, are references to Thethe Republic of Korea. All references to the “Government” in this annual report are references to the government of the Republic. All references to “we,” “us,” “our,” “ours,” the “Company” or “KEPCO” in this annual report are references to Korea Electric Power Corporation and, as the context may require, its subsidiaries, and the possessive thereof, as applicable. All references to “the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy” and “the Ministry of Strategy and Finance” include the respective predecessors thereof (and, for the avoidance of doubt, in the case of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, including the Ministry of Knowledge Economy).thereof. All references to “tons” are to metric tons, equal to 1,000 kilograms, or 2,204.6 pounds. Any discrepancies in any table between totals and the sums of the amounts listed are due to rounding. All references to “IFRS” in this annual report are references to the International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standard Board. Unless otherwise stated, all of our financial information presented in this annual report has been prepared on a consolidated basis and in accordance with IFRS.
In addition, in this annual report, all references to:
“KHNP” are to Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd.,
“EWP” are to Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd.,
“KOMIPO” are to Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd.,
“KOSEP” are to Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd.,
“KOSPO” are to Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd., and
“KOWEPO” are to Korea Western Power Co., Ltd.,
each of which is our wholly-owned generation subsidiary.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This annual report includes “forward-looking statements” (as defined in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934), including statements regarding our expectations and projections for future operating performance and business prospects. The words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “project” and similar words used in connection with any discussion of our future operatingoperation or financial performance identify forward-looking statements. In addition, all statements other than statements of historical facts included in this annual report are forward-looking statements. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that such expectations will prove to be correct. We caution you not to place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this annual report.
This annual report discloses, under the caption Item 3D. “Risk Factors” and elsewhere, important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations (“Cautionary Statements”). All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the Cautionary Statements.
ITEM 1. | IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS |
Not applicable.
ITEM 2. | OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE |
Not applicable.
ITEM 3. | KEY INFORMATION |
Item 3A. Selected Financial Data
The selected consolidated financial data set forth below as of and for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 20122013 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements which have been prepared in accordance with IFRS.
Our consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012 included in this report have been audited by Deloitte Anjin LLC, a member firm of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, a UK private company limited by guarantee. Deloitte Anjin LLC is a Korean independent registered public accounting firm and is our current independent registered public accounting firm.
You should read the following data with the more detailed information contained in Item 5. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” and our consolidated financial statements included in Item 18. “Financial Statements.” Historical results do not necessarily predict future results.
Consolidated Statement of EarningsComprehensive Income (Loss) Data
2010 | 2011 | 2012 | ||||||||||||||
(in billions of Won and millions of US$, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||
Sales | ₩ | 39,507 | ₩ | 43,175 | ₩ | 49,121 | $ | 46,199 | ||||||||
Cost of sales | 36,188 | 42,725 | 48,459 | 45,577 | ||||||||||||
Gross Profit | 3,319 | 450 | 662 | 622 | ||||||||||||
Other operating income (expense), net | 467 | 451 | 600 | 564 | ||||||||||||
Selling and administrative expenses | 1,645 | 1,752 | 1,780 | 1,674 | ||||||||||||
Other income (loss) | 119 | 166 | (1,782 | ) | (1,676 | ) | ||||||||||
Operating income (loss) | 2,260 | (685 | ) | (2,300 | ) | (2,164 | ) | |||||||||
Finance income (expense), net | (1,967 | ) | (1,911 | ) | (1,940 | ) | (1,824 | ) | ||||||||
Profits of affiliates and joint ventures using equity method | 77 | 123 | 177 | 166 | ||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | 370 | (2,473 | ) | (4,063 | ) | (3,822 | ) | |||||||||
Income tax expenses | 439 | 820 | (985 | ) | (926 | ) | ||||||||||
Net loss for the year | (69 | ) | (3,293 | ) | (3,078 | ) | (2,896 | ) | ||||||||
Other comprehensive loss | (43 | ) | (262 | ) | (322 | ) | (303 | ) | ||||||||
Total comprehensive loss | (112 | ) | (3,555 | ) | (3,400 | ) | (3,199 | ) | ||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to: | ||||||||||||||||
Owners of the Company | (120 | ) | (3,370 | ) | (3,167 | ) | (2,980 | ) | ||||||||
Non-controlling interests | 51 | 77 | 89 | 84 | ||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income attributable to: | ||||||||||||||||
Owners of the Company | (152 | ) | (3,628 | ) | (3,448 | ) | (3,244 | ) | ||||||||
Non-controlling interests | 40 | 73 | 48 | 45 | ||||||||||||
Earnings (loss) per share | ||||||||||||||||
Basic(1) | (193 | ) | (5,411 | ) | (5,083 | ) | (4,781 | ) | ||||||||
Diluted(2) | (193 | ) | (5,411 | ) | (5,083 | ) | (4,781 | ) | ||||||||
Earnings (loss) per ADS | ||||||||||||||||
Basic(1) | (97 | ) | (2,706 | ) | (2,542 | ) | (2,391 | ) | ||||||||
Diluted(2) | (97 | ) | (2,706 | ) | (2,542 | ) | (2,391 | ) | ||||||||
Dividends per share | — | — | — | — |
2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||
(in billions of Won and millions of US$, except per share data)(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Sales | ₩ | 39,507 | ₩ | 43,175 | ₩ | 49,121 | ₩ | 53,713 | $ | 50,898 | ||||||||||
Gross Profit | 3,319 | 450 | 661 | 3,117 | 2,954 | |||||||||||||||
Selling and administrative expenses | 1,645 | 1,752 | 1,780 | 1,923 | 1,822 | |||||||||||||||
Other gains (losses) | 118 | 166 | (1,782 | ) | 129 | 122 | ||||||||||||||
Operating profit (loss) | 2,260 | (685 | ) | (2,300 | ) | 1,948 | 1,846 | |||||||||||||
Finance income (expense), net | (1,967 | ) | (1,911 | ) | (1,940 | ) | (2,302 | ) | (2,181 | ) | ||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | 370 | (2,473 | ) | (4,063 | ) | (396 | ) | (376 | ) | |||||||||||
Income tax (expense) benefit | (439 | ) | (820 | ) | 985 | 571 | 541 | |||||||||||||
Profit (loss) for the period | (69 | ) | (3,293 | ) | (3,078 | ) | 174 | 165 | ||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) | (43 | ) | (262 | ) | (322 | ) | 186 | 176 | ||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income (loss) | (112 | ) | (3,555 | ) | (3,400 | ) | 360 | 341 | ||||||||||||
Profit (loss) attributable to: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Owners of the Company | (120 | ) | (3,370 | ) | (3,167 | ) | 60 | 57 | ||||||||||||
Non-controlling interests | 51 | 77 | 89 | 114 | 108 | |||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Owners of the Company | (152 | ) | (3,628 | ) | (3,448 | ) | 245 | 233 | ||||||||||||
Non-controlling interests | 40 | 73 | 48 | 115 | 109 | |||||||||||||||
Earnings (loss) per share | ||||||||||||||||||||
Basic(2) | (193 | ) | (5,411 | ) | (5,083 | ) | 96 | 91 | ||||||||||||
Earnings (loss) per ADS | ||||||||||||||||||||
Basic(2) | (97 | ) | (2,706 | ) | (2,542 | ) | 48 | 46 | ||||||||||||
Dividends per share | — | — | — | 90 | 85 |
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position Data
As of December 31, | As of December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in billions of Won and millions of US$, except share and per share data) | (in billions of Won and millions of US$, except share and per share data)(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net working capital surplus (deficit)(3) | ₩ | (916 | ) | ₩ | (3,973 | ) | ₩ | (4,884 | ) | $ | (4,594 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net working capital deficit(3) | ₩ | (916 | ) | ₩ | (3,973 | ) | ₩ | (4,884 | ) | ₩ | (4,945 | ) | $ | (4,686 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net | 107,406 | 112,385 | 122,376 | 115,097 | 107,406 | 112,385 | 122,376 | 129,638 | 122,844 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets | 129,518 | 136,468 | 146,153 | 137,460 | 129,518 | 136,468 | 146,153 | 155,527 | 147,377 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total shareholders’ equity | 57,277 | 53,804 | 51,064 | 48,027 | 57,277 | 53,804 | 51,064 | 51,451 | 48,755 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Controlling interest | 56,818 | 53,270 | 49,889 | 46,922 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-controlling interest | 459 | 534 | 1,175 | 1,105 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock | 3,208 | 3,210 | 3,210 | 3,019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity attributable to owners of the Company | 56,818 | 53,270 | 49,889 | 50,260 | 47,626 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-controlling interests | 459 | 534 | 1,175 | 1,191 | 1,129 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share capital | 3,208 | 3,210 | 3,210 | 3,210 | 3,042 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of common shares as adjusted to reflect any changes in capital stock | 641,567,712 | 641,964,077 | 641,964,077 | 641,964,077 | 641,567,712 | 641,964,077 | 641,964,077 | 641,964,077 | 641,964,077 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt (excluding current portion) | 32,848 | 39,198 | 45,525 | 42,817 | 32,848 | 39,198 | 45,525 | 52,801 | 50,034 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other long term liabilities | 25,321 | 25,725 | 30,747 | 28,918 | 25,321 | 25,725 | 30,747 | 31,062 | 29,434 |
Notes:
(1) | The financial information denominated in Won as of and for the year ended December 31, 2013 has been translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate of Won 1,055.3 to US$1.00, which was the Noon Buying Rate as of December 31, 2013. |
(2) | Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing net income available to holders of our common shares by the weighted average number of common shares issued and outstanding for the relevant period. |
(3) | Net working capital |
Currency Translations and Exchange Rates
In this annual report, unless otherwise indicated, all references to “Won” or “₩” are to the currency of Korea, and all references to “U.S. dollars,” “Dollars,” “$” or “US$” are to the currency of the United States of America, all references to “Euro” or “€” are references to the currency of the European Union, and all references to “Yen” or “¥” are references to the currency of Japan. Unless otherwise indicated, all translations from Won to U.S. dollars were made at Won 1,063.21,055.3 to US$1.00, which was the noon buying rate of the Federal Reserve Board (the “Noon Buying Rate”) in effect as of December 31, 2012. The source of these2013, which rates is the Federal Reserve Bank of New York until December 31, 2008. Since January 1, 2009, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York discontinued publication of foreign exchange rates. The source of the rates since January 1, 2009 isare available on the H.10 statistical release of the Federal Reserve Board. On April 5, 2013,11, 2014, the Noon Buying Rate was Won 1,136.81,035.4 to US$1.00. The exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and Korean Won may be highly volatile from time to time and the U.S. dollar amounts referred to in this annual report should not be relied upon as an accurate reflection of our results of operations. No representation is made that the Won or U.S. dollar amounts referred to in this annual report could have been or could be converted into U.S. dollars or Won, as the case may be, at any particular rate or at all.
The following table sets forth, for the periods and dates indicated, certain information concerning the Noon Buying Rate in Won per US$1.00.
Year Ended December 31, | At End of Period | Average(1) | High | Low | At End of Period | Average(1) | High | Low | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Won per US$1.00) | (Won per US$1.00) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 1,262.0 | 1,098.7 | 1,507.9 | 935.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2009 | 1,163.7 | 1,274.6 | 1,570.1 | 1,149.0 | 1,163.7 | 1,274.6 | 1,570.1 | 1,149.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 1,130.6 | 1,155.7 | 1,253.2 | 1,104.0 | 1,130.6 | 1,155.7 | 1,253.2 | 1,104.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | 1,158.5 | 1,106.9 | 1,197.5 | 1,049.2 | 1,158.5 | 1,106.9 | 1,197.5 | 1,049.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 1,063.2 | 1,126.2 | 1,185.0 | 1,063.2 | 1,063.2 | 1,126.2 | 1,185.0 | 1,063.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2013 | 1,055.3 | 1,094.7 | 1,161.3 | 1,050.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
October | 1,090.2 | 1,105.4 | 1,114.6 | 1,090.2 | 1,060.8 | 1,065.9 | 1,075.5 | 1,057.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
November | 1,081.8 | 1,087.0 | 1,091.8 | 1,081.8 | 1,057.8 | 1,061.6 | 1,072.7 | 1,054.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
December | 1,063.2 | 1,075.2 | 1,083.7 | 1,063.2 | 1,055.3 | 1,055.6 | 1,061.4 | 1,050.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2013 (through April 5) | 1,136.8 | 1,088.3 | 1,136.8 | 1,056.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2014 (through April 11) | 1,035.4 | 1,067.1 | 1,084.2 | 1,035.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
January | 1,087.5 | 1,066.5 | 1,091.2 | 1,056.0 | 1,080.4 | 1,067.1 | 1,083.7 | 1,050.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
February | 1,083.9 | 1,087.3 | 1,095.7 | 1,078.2 | 1,066.0 | 1,071.3 | 1,084.2 | 1,062.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
March | 1,112.5 | 1,102.9 | 1,119.2 | 1,083.9 | 1,064.7 | 1,070.5 | 1,079.6 | 1,064.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
April (through April 5) | 1,136.8 | 1,121.9 | 1,136.8 | 1,114.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
April (through April 11) | 1,035.4 | 1,050.1 | 1,058.3 | 1,035.4 |
Source: Federal Reserve Bank of New York (for the periods ended on or prior to December 31, 2008) and Federal Reserve Board (for the period since January 1, 2009).
Note:
(1) | Represents the daily average of the Noon Buying Rates during the relevant period. |
Item 3B. Capitalization and Indebtedness
Not Applicable
Item 3C. Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds
Not Applicable
Our business and operations are subject to various risks, many of which are beyond our control. If any of the risks described below actually occurs, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be seriously harmed.
Risks Relating to KEPCO
Increases in fuel prices will adversely affect our results of operations and profitability as we may not be able to pass on the increased cost to consumers at a sufficient level or on a timely basis.
Fuel costs constituted 48.5%45.1% and 49.2%47.8% of our sales and cost of sales, respectively, in 2012.2013. Our generation subsidiaries purchase substantially all of the fuel that they use (except for anthracite coal) from a limited number of suppliers outside Korea at prices determined in part by prevailing market prices in currencies other than Won. For example, most of the bituminous coal requirements (which accounted for approximately 42.2%43.0% of our entire fuel requirements in 20122013 in terms of electricity output) are imported from a limited number of countries principally consisting offrom Indonesia and Australia and, to a lesser extent, the United States and Russia, which accounted for approximately 43.6%41.6%, 33.4%38.2%, 5.7%9.5% and 5.2%9.5%, respectively, of the annual bituminous coal requirements of our generation subsidiaries in 2012.2013. Approximately 80.3%89.0% of the bituminous coal requirements of our generation subsidiaries in 20122013 were purchased underlong-term contracts and the remaining 19.7%11.0% from
the spot market. Pursuant to the terms of our long-term supply contracts, prices are adjusted annuallyperiodically based on prevailing market conditions. In addition, our generation subsidiaries purchase a significant portion of their fuel requirements under contracts with limited duration. See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Fuel.”
In recent years, the prices of bituminous coal, oil and liquefied natural gas, or LNG, have fluctuated significantly, creating uncertain outlook for our overall fuel costs. For example, the average “free on board” Newcastle coal 6300 GAR spot price index published by Platts was US$99.2 per ton in 2010, US$121.3 per ton in 2011, US$96.2 per ton in 2012 and US$92.3 per ton as of April 9, 2013. The prices of oil and LNG are substantially dependent on the price of crude oil, and according to Bloomberg (Bloomberg Ticker: PGCRDUBA), the average daily spot price of Dubai crude oil varied from US$106.2 per barrel in 2011 to US$108.9 per barrel in 2012 and to US$103.9 per barrel as of April 5, 2013.
If fuel prices increase sharply within a short span of time, our generation subsidiaries may be unable to secure requisite fuel supplies at prices commercially acceptable to them. In addition, any significant interruption or delay in the supply of fuel, bituminous coal in particular, from any of their suppliers may cause our generation subsidiaries to purchase fuel on the spot market at prices higher than the prices available under existing supply contracts, which would result in an increase in fuel cost. Wecosts. In recent years, however, the prices of our main fuel types, namely, bituminous coal, oil and liquefied natural gas, or LNG have generally declined in tandem with their international market prices. For example, the average “free on board” Newcastle coal 6300 GAR spot price index published by Platts declined from US$96.2 per ton in 2012 to US$85.1 per ton in 2013 and US$73.8 per ton as of April 11, 2014. The prices of oil and LNG are substantially dependent on the price of crude oil, and according to Bloomberg (Bloomberg Ticker: PGCRDUBA), the average daily spot price of Dubai crude oil declined from US$108.9 per barrel in 2012 to US$105.4 per barrel in 2013 and to US$104.1 per barrel as of April 11, 2014. However, we cannot assure you that the fuel prices will remain at similarly low levels or will not significantly increase in the remainder of 20132014 or thereafter.
Because the Government regulates the rates we charge for the electricity we sell to our customers (see Item 4B. “Business Overview—Sales and Customers—Electricity Rates”), our ability to pass on fuel and other cost increases to our customers is limited. The increase in fuel prices led to our recording of an operating loss in 2011 and 2012 and a net loss from 2008 to 2012. We expect that a sudden and substantial rise in the level of fuel prices will have a material adverse effect on our results of operation in 2013 and beyond. If fuel prices remain at the current level or continue to increase rapidly and substantially and the Government, out of concern for inflation or for other reasons, maintains the current level of electricity tariff or does not increase it to a level to sufficiently offset the impact of high fuel prices, the fuel price increases will negatively affect our profit margins or even cause us to suffer operating and/or net losses (as was the case from 2008 to 2012 when we suffered consecutive net losses and, from time to time, operating losses) and our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows would suffer. In addition, partly because the Government may have to undergo a lengthy deliberative process to approve an increase in electricity tariff, which represents a key component of the consumer price index, the electricity tariff may not be adjusted to a level sufficient to ensure a fair rate of return to us in a timely manner or at all. For example, in August 2010, August 2011, December 2011, August 6, 2012 and January 14, 2013, the Government increased the electricity tariff by an average of 3.5%, 4.9%, 4.5%, 4.9% and 4.0%, respectively. However, such increases were insufficient to fully offset the adverse impact from the rise in fuel costs. Similarly, we cannot assure that any future tariff increase by the Government will be sufficient to fully offset the adverse impact on our results of operations from the current or potential rises in fuel costs.
Further to the announcement by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy in February 2010, a new electricity tariff system went into effect on July 1, 2011. This system is designed to overhaul the prior system for determining electricity tariff chargeable to customers by more closely aligning the tariff levels to the movements in fuel prices, with the aim of providing more timely pricing signals to the market regarding the expected changes in electricity tariff levels and encouraging more efficient use of electricity by customers. Previously, the electricity tariff consisted of two components: (i) base rate and (ii) usage rate based on the cost of electricity and the amount of electricity consumed by the end-users. Under the new tariff system, the electricity tariff is also to havehas a third component of fuel cost pass-through adjustment (“FCPTA”) rate, which is to be added to or subtracted from the sum of the base rate and the usage rate on a monthly basis based on the three-month average movements of coal, LNG and oil prices, which is reflected as FCPTA two months later.prices. The new tariff system is intended to provide greater financial stability and ensure a minimum return on investment to electricity suppliers, such as us. However, due to inflationary and other policy considerations relating to protecting the consumers from sudden and substantial rises in electricity tariff, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy issued a hold order on July 29, 2011 suspending our billing and collecting of the FCPTA amount. The hold order remains in effect to-date. Furthermore, on January 11, 2013, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy informed us that the FCPTA system needed to be reassessed in light of the current circumstancesother factors such as the prolonged unbilled
period since the announcement of the FCPTA system. There is no assurance as to when the Government will lift the hold order and allow us to bill and collect the accumulated FCPTA amount or whether the new tariff system will undergo other amendments to the effect that it will not fully cover our fuel and other costs on a timely basis or at all, or will not have unintended consequences that we are not presently aware of. Any such development may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. For further discussion, including in relation to accounting, see Item 4B. “Business Overview—Recent Developments—Correction of Accounting for Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment”, Item 4B. “Business Overview—Sales and Customers—Electricity Rates”, Item 4B. “—Recent Developments— Correction of Accounting for Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment,” Item 5B. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Overview,” Item 5B.5A. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Critical Accounting Policy—Correction of Accounting for Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment” and Notes 2, 15 and 36 to the notes to our consolidated annual financial statements.Adjustment.”
The Government may adopt policy measures to substantially restructure the Korean electric power industry or our operational structure, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, operations and profitability.
From time to time, the Government considers various policy initiatives to foster efficiency in the Korean electric power industry, and at times have adopted policy measures that have substantially altered our business and operations. For example, in January 1999, with the aim of introducing greater competition in the Korean electric power industry and thereby improving its efficiency, the Government announced a restructuring plan for the Korean electric power industry, or the Restructuring Plan. For a detailed description of the Restructuring Plan, see Item 4B. “Business Overview—Restructuring of the Electric Power Industry in Korea.” As part of this initiative, in April 2001 the Government established the Korea Power Exchange to enable the sale and purchase of electricity through a competitive bidding process, established the Korea Electricity Commission to ensure fair competition in the Korean electric power industry, and, in order to promote competition in electricity generation, split off our electricity generation business to form one nuclear generation company and five non-nuclearthermal generation companies, in each case, to be wholly owned by us. In 2002, the Government introduced a plan to privatize one of our five non-nuclearthermal generation subsidiaries, but this plan was suspended indefinitely in 2003 due to prevailing market conditions and other policy considerations.
In 2003, the Government established a Tripartite Commission consisting of representatives of the Government, leading businesses and labor unions in Korea to deliberate on ways to introduce competition in electricity distribution, such as by forming and privatizing new distribution subsidiaries. In 2004, the Tripartite Commission recommended not pursuing such privatization initiatives but instead creating independent business divisions within us to improve operational efficiency through internal competition. Following the adoption of such recommendation by the Government in 2004 and further studies by Korea Development Institute, in 2006 we created nine “strategic business units” (which, together with our other business units, were subsequently restructured into 14 such units in February 2012) that camehave a greater degree of autonomy with respect to have separate management, structures (although with limits on its autonomy), financial accounting systems and performance evaluation systems, but withwhile having a common focus on maximizingincreasing profitability.
OnIn August 25, 2010, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy announced the Proposal for the Improvement in the Structure of the Electric Power Industry, whose key initiatives included the following: (i) maintain the current structure of having six generation subsidiaries, (ii) designate the six generation subsidiaries as “market-oriented public enterprises” under the Public Agency Management Act in order to foster competition among them and autonomous and responsible management by them, (iii) create a supervisory unit to act as a “control tower” in reducing inefficiencies created by arbitrary division of labor among the six generation subsidiaries and fostering economies of scale among them and require the presidents of the generation subsidiaries to hold regular meetings, (iv) create a nuclear power export business unit to systematically enhance our capabilities to win projects involving the construction and operation of nuclear power plants overseas, (v) further rationalize the electricity tariff by adopting a fuel-cost based tariff system in 2011 and a voltage-based tariff system in a subsequent year, and (vi) create separate accounting systems for electricity generation,
transmission, distribution and sales with the aim of introducing competition in electricity sales in the intermediate future. Pursuant to this Proposal, in December 2010 the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy announced guidelines for a cooperative framework between us and our generation subsidiaries, and in January 2011 the five non-nuclearthermal generation subsidiaries formed a “joint cooperation unit” and transferred their pumped-storage hydroelectric business units to KHNP. Furthermore, in January 2011 the six generation subsidiaries were officially designated as “market-oriented public enterprises,” whereupon the President of Korea appoints the president and the statutory auditor of each such subsidiary; the selection of outside directors of each such subsidiary is subject to approval by the minister of the Ministry of Strategy and Finance; the president of each such subsidiary is required to enter into a management contract directly with the minister of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy; and the Public Enterprise Management Evaluation Commission conducts performance evaluation of such subsidiaries. Previously, our president appointed the president and the statutory auditor of each such subsidiary; the selection of outside directors of each such subsidiary was subject to approval by our president; the president of each such subsidiary entered into a management contract with our president; and our evaluation committee conducted performance evaluation of such subsidiaries.
In addition, in order to deal with the shortage of fuel and other resources and also to comply with various environmental standards, the Government has adopted the Renewable Portfolio Standard (“RPS”), under which each generation subsidiary was required to supply 2.0% of the total energy generated from such subsidiary in the form of renewable energy in 2012 and will be required to supply 10.0% by 2022. The current budgeted amount of capital expenditure for implementation of the RPS as currently planned for the period from 2012 to 2022 is approximately Won 45 trillion. We expect that such additional capital expenditure will be covered by a corresponding increase in electricity tariff. However, there is no assurance that the Government will in fact raise the electricity tariff to a level sufficient to fully cover such additional capital expenditures or at all. For further details, see Item 4B. “Business Overview—Renewable Energy.”
Other than as set forth above, we are not aware of any specific planplans by the Government to resume the implementation of the Restructuring Plan or otherwise change the current structure of the electric power industry or the operations of us or our generation subsidiaries in the near future. However, for reasons relating to changes in policy considerations, socio-political, economic and market conditions and/or other factors, the Government may resume the implementation of the Restructuring Plan or initiate other steps that may change the structure of the Korean electric power industry or the operations of us or our generation subsidiaries. Any such measures may have a negative effect on our business, results of operation and financial condition.conditions. In addition, the Government, which beneficially owns a majority of our shares and exercises significant control over our business and operations, may from time to time pursue policy initiatives with respect to our business and operations, and such initiatives may vary from the interest and objectives of our other shareholders.
Our capacity expansion plans, which are based on projections on long-term supply and demand of electricity in Korea, may prove to be inadequate.
We and our generation subsidiaries make plans for expanding or upgrading our generation capacity based on the Basic Plan Relating to the Long-Term Supply and Demand of Electricity, or the Basic Plan, which is generally announcedrevised and revisedannounced every two years by the Government. In February 2013, the Government announced the sixthSixth Basic Plan relating to the future supply and demand of electricity. The sixthSixth Basic Plan, which is effective for the period from 2013 to 2027, focuses on, among other things, (i) minimizing the need to construct new generation facilities through active consumer demand management, (ii) ensuring that we maintain adequate electricity reserve appropriate to the size of the national economy and (iii) expanding our generation capacity to promote efficient supply of electricity in consideration of the stability of the national electricity grid network and the specific needs of localities. TheIn addition, while the Sixth Basic Plan did not contemplate the construction of additional nuclear plants in light of the heightened public concern over nuclear safety following the nuclear power plant meltdown in Japan in March 2011, there is no assurance that the Government may announcewill not implement a supplemental plan for the construction of additional nuclear plants which was not included in the sixth Basic Plan; such planfuture, which may increase the amount of our required capital expenditure.
In addition, on January 13, 2014, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy adopted the Second Basic National Energy Plan following consultations with representatives from civic groups, the power industry and academia. The Second Basic National Energy Plan, which is a comprehensive plan that covers the entire spectrum of energy industries in Korea, will cover the period from 2013 to 2035 (compared to 2008 to 2030 under the First Basic National Energy Plan) and focuses on the following six key tasks: (i) shifting the focus of energy policy to demand management with a goal of reducing electricity demand by 15% by 2035, (ii) establishing a geographically decentralized electricity generation system so as to reduce transmission losses with a goal of supplying at least 15% of total electricity through such system by 2035, (iii) applying latest greenhouse gas emission reduction technologies to newly constructed generation units in order to further promote safety and environmental friendliness, (iv) strengthening exploration and procurement capabilities to enhance Korea’s energy security and to ensure stable supply of energy and increasing the portion of electricity supplied from renewable sources to 11% by 2035, (v) reinforcing the system for stable supply of conventional energy, such as oil and gas, and (vi) introducing in 2015 an energy voucher system in lieu of a tariff discount system for the benefit of consumers in the low income group. In addition, the Second Basic National Energy Plan contemplates revising the target level of electricity generated by nuclear sources as a percentage of total electricity generated to 29%, compared to 41% under the First Basic National Energy Plan announced in 2008.
We cannot assure that the sixthSixth Basic Plan, the Second Basic National Energy Plan or the respective plans to be subsequently adopted will successfully achieve their intended goals, the foremost of which is to formulate aensure, through carefully calibrated capacity expansion plan that will result inand other means, balanced overall electricity supply and demand in Korea at an affordable costcosts to the end users.users while promoting efficiency and environmental friendliness in the consumption and production of electricity. If there is a significant variance between the projected electricity supply and
demand considered in planning our capacity expansions and the actual electricity supply and demand or if these plans otherwise fail to meet their intended goals or have other unintended consequences, this may
result in inefficient use of our capital, mispricing of electricity and undue financing costs on the part of us and our generation subsidiaries, among others, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
From time to time, we may experience temporary power shortages or circumstances bordering on power shortages due to factors beyond our control, such as extreme weather conditions. For example, due to extremely cold weather during winters of recent years, our electricity reserve level fell from time to time to a level lower than the normal level despite emergency measures mandated by the Government, such as reduced daytime railway services and reduced daytime industrial use of electricity during peak hours. In addition, due to the unanticipated late heat wave in mid-September 2011 and the resulting spike in the use of air conditioning, our reserve level fell to a level that resulted in temporary suspensions of electricity supply across several regions of Korea on that day despite emergency measures by the Government, such as direct load control and voluntary conservation, which preventedfor several hours to prevent a full-scale blackout. Circumstances such as these may lead to increasedend-user complaints and greater public scrutiny, which may in turn result in our need to modify our capacity expansion plans, and if we were to substantially modify our capacity plans, this may result in additional capital expenditures, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
In light of these temporary power shortages, the Government has increasingly expanded its efforts to encourage conservation of electricity, including through a public relations campaign, but there is no assurance such efforts will have the desired effect of substantially reducing the demand for electricity or improving efficient use thereof.
We may require a substantial amount of additional indebtedness to refinance existing debt and for future capital expenditures.
We anticipate that a substantial amount of additional indebtedness will be required in the coming years in order to refinance existing debt, make capital expenditures for construction of generation plants and other facilities andand/or make acquisitions and investments related to overseas natural resources. In 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, our capital expenditures (including capitalized interest) for the construction of generation, transmission and distribution facilities amounted to ₩11,414Won 11,984 billion, ₩11,984Won 12,751 billion and ₩13,215Won 15,831 billion, respectively, and our budgeted capital expenditures for 2013, 2014, 2015 and 20152016 amount to ₩19,714Won 19,898 billion, ₩20,376Won 18,479 billion and ₩18,651Won 16,339 billion, respectively. While we currently do not expect to face any material difficulties in procuring short-term borrowing to meet our liquidity and short-term capital requirements, there is no assurance that we will be able to do so. We expect that a portion of our long-term debt will need to be paid or refinanced through foreign currency-denominated borrowings and capital raising in international capital markets. Such financing may not be available on terms commercially acceptable to us or at all, especially if the global financial markets experience significant turbulence or a substantial reduction in liquidity or due to other factors beyond our control. If we are unable to obtain financing on commercially acceptable terms on a timely basis, or at all, we may be unable to meet our funding requirements or debt repayment obligations, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Recently, in light of the general policy guideline of the Government for public enterprises (including us and our generation subsidiaries) in general to reduce their respective overall debt levels, including by way of disposing of non-core assets, we are currently evaluating ways to reduce our debt levels. We cannot assure whether we or our generation subsidiaries will be able to successfully reduce debt burdens to a level contemplated by the Government or to a level that would be optimal for our capital structure. If we or our generation subsidiaries fail to reduce debt burdens to a level contemplated by the Government or the measures taken by us or our generation subsidiaries to reduce debt levels have unintended adverse consequences, such developments may have an adverse effect on our business, results of operation and financial condition.
The movement of Won against the U.S. dollar and other currencies may have a material adverse effect on us.
The Won has fluctuated significantly against major currencies in recent years, especially as a result of the ongoing difficulties in the global financial instability, especially in Europe.markets. See Item 3A. “Selected Financial Data—Currency Translations
and Exchange Rates.” Depreciation of Won against U.S. dollar and other foreign currencies typically results in a material increase in the cost of fuel and equipment purchased by us from overseas since the prices for substantially all of the fuel materials and a significant portion of the equipment we purchase are denominated in currencies other than Won, generally in U.S. dollars. Changes in foreign exchange rates may also impact the cost of servicing our foreign currency-denominated debt. As of December 31, 2012,2013, approximately
21.4% 20.9% of our long-term debt (including the current portion but excluding issue discounts and premium) before accounting for swap transactions, was denominated in foreign currencies, principally in U.S. dollars. In addition, even if we make payments in Won for certain fuel materials and equipment, some of these fuel materials (for example, all of our requirements for LNG are purchased from Korea Gas Corporation) may originate from other countries and their prices may be affected accordingly by the exchange rates between the Won and foreign currencies, especially the U.S. dollar. Since substantially allthe substantial majority of our revenues are denominated in Won, we must generally obtain foreign currencies through foreign-currency denominatedforeign currency-denominated financings or from foreign currency exchange markets to make such purchases or service such debt. As a result, any significant depreciation of Won against the U.S. dollar or other major foreign currencies will have a material adverse effect on our profitability and results of operations.
We may not be successful in implementing new business strategies.
As part of our overall business strategy, we plan to undertake new, or expand existing, projects such as strengthening(i) strengthen reliability of our renewable energy generation capabilities under the Renewable Portfolio Standards initiative, adoption of the “smart grid” projects to improve the operationaldomestic operations by enhancing efficiency of our electricitygeneration, transmission and distribution network,networks, (ii) expand overseas business by selectively exploring renewable energy, smart transmission and expansiondistribution facilities and fuel procurement projects in the overseas markets particularlyalong with our traditional businesses in the constructiongeneration sector, (iii) create a platform for new business growth opportunities by gaining “first mover” advantages in new businesses through technological development, and operation of nuclear generation units(iv) fulfill social responsibilities as an electricity provider by seeking a balance between our public policy mandate and the exploration and production of natural resources.profitability.
Due to their inherent uncertainties, such new and expanded strategic initiatives expose us to a number of risks and challenges, including the following:
new and expanded business activities may require unanticipated capital expenditures and involve additional compliance requirements;
new and expanded business activities may result in less growth or profit from whatthan we currently anticipate, and there can be no assurance that such business activities will become profitable at the level we desire or at all;
certain of our new and expanded businesses, particularly in the areas of renewable energy, require substantial government subsidies to become profitable, and such subsidies may be substantially reduced or entirely discontinued;
we may fail to identify and enter into new business opportunities in a timely fashion, putting us at a disadvantage vis-à-vis competitors, particularly in overseas markets; and
we may need to hire or retrain personnel who are able to supervise and conduct the relevant business activities.
As part of our business strategy, we may also seek, evaluate or engage in potential acquisitions, mergers, joint ventures, strategic alliances, restructurings, combinations, rationalizations, divestments or other similar opportunities. The prospects of these initiatives are uncertain, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully implement or grow new ventures, and these ventures may prove more difficult or costly than what we originally anticipated. In addition, we regularly review the profitability and growth potential of our existing and new business.businesses. As a result of such review, we may decide to exit from or to reduce the resources that we allocate to new or existing ventures in the future. There is a risk that these ventures may not achieve profitability or operational efficiencies to the extent originally anticipated, and we may fail to recover investments or expenditures that we have already made. Any of the foregoing may have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
We plan to pursue international expansion opportunities that may subject us to different or greater risks than those associated with our domestic operations.
While our operations have, to date,to-date, been primarily based in Korea, we plan tomay expand, on a selective basis, our overseas operations in the future. In particular, we plan tomay further diversify the geographic focus of our operations from Asia to the rest of the world, including the resource-rich Middle East, Australia and Africa as well as expand
our project portfolio which(which has to-date involved primarily the construction and operation of conventional thermal generation units,units) to include the construction and operation of nuclear power plants as well as mining and development of fuel sources in order to increase the level of self-sufficiency in the procurement of fuels.
Overseas operations generally carry risks that are different from those we face in our domestic operations. These risks include:
challenges of complying with multiple foreign laws and regulatory requirements, including tax laws and laws regulating our operations and investments;
volatility of overseas economic conditions, including fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates;
difficulties in enforcing creditors’ rights in foreign jurisdictions;
risk of expropriation and exercise of sovereign immunity where the counterparty is a foreign government;
difficulties in establishing, staffing and managing foreign operations;
differing labor regulations;
political and economic instability, natural calamities, war and terrorism;
lack of familiarity with local markets and competitive conditions;
changes in applicable laws and regulations in Korea that affect foreign operations; and
obstacles to the repatriation of earnings and cash.
Any failure by us to recognize or respond to these differences may adversely affect the success of our operations in those markets, which in turn could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Furthermore, while we seek to enter into business opportunities in a prudent and selective manner, some of our new international business ventures, such as mining and resource exploration, carry inherent risks that are different from our traditional business of electricity power generation, transmission and distribution. While these new businesses in the aggregate currently do not comprise a material portion of our overall business, as we are relatively inexperienced in these types of businesses, the actual revenues and profitability from, and investments and expenditures into, these business ventures may be substantially different from what we planned or anticipated and have a material adverse impact on our overall business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
The proliferation of competing systems for independent generation ofAn increase in electricity generated by and/or sourcingsourced from private power producers wouldmay erode our market position and hurt our business, growth prospects, revenues and profitability.
In 2012,As of December 31, 2013, we and our generation subsidiaries owned approximately 84.2%81.5% of the total electricity generation capacity in Korea (excluding plants generating electricity for private or emergency use). New entrants to the electricity business will erode our market share and create significant competition, which could have a material adverse impact on our financial conditions and results of operation.
For example, while preparing
In particular, we compete with independent power producers with respect to electricity generation. The independent power generators accounted for 13.2% of total power generation in 2013 and 18.5% of total generation capacity as of December 31, 2013. As of December 31, 2013, there were 10 independent power generators in Korea, excluding renewable energy producers. Prior to December 2010, private enterprises had not been permitted to own and operate coal-fired power plants in Korea. However, the Fifth Basic Plan announced in December 2010 included for the sixthfirst time a plan for independent power producers to own and operate coal-fired power plants, namely four generation units with aggregate capacity of 2,290 megawatts for completion in 2016. In addition, in connection with the Sixth Basic Plan which was announced in February 2013, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy accepted additional applications from private independent power producers, in addition to those from our generation subsidiaries, for construction of additional coal-fired power plants. Previously, private enterprises were not permitted to own and operate coal-fired power plants in Korea. Out of such applications by 15 independent power producers for construction of coal-fired power plants. 15 independent power producers applied for construction of a total of 40 additional coal-fired generation units with aggregate generation capacity of 37,100 megawatts, of which the Government approved applications for the construction of six generation units with aggregate generation capacity of 6,000 megawatts as well asmegawatts. The Government also approved applications from independent power producers for construction of two additional generation
units with aggregate generation capacity of 2,000 megawatts to provideprepare for the contingency of failed or delayed construction of these sixthe foregoing generation units. Construction for the six generation units is scheduled to be completed between 2018 and 2021. While it remains to be seen whether construction of these generation units will be completed as scheduled, if it were to be completed as scheduled or independent power producers are permitted to build additional generation capacity (whether coal-fired or not), our market share in Korea may decrease, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
In addition, in July 2004, the Government adoptedunder the Community Energy System adopted by the Government in 2004, a minimal amount of electricity is supplied directly to enable regional districts to source electricity fromconsumers on a localized basis by independent power producers to supply electricity without having to undergo the cost-based pool system used by our generation subsidiaries and most independent power producers to distribute electricity nationwide. A supplier of electricity under the Community Energy System must be authorized by the Korea Electricity Commission and be approved by the minister of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy in accordance with the Electricity Business Act. The purpose of this system is to geographically decentralize electricity supply and thereby reduce transmission costslosses and improve the efficiency of energy use. These entities do not supply electricity on a national level but are licensed to supply electricity on ato limited basis to their respective districts under the Community Energy System.geographic areas. As of March 31, 2013, 14 districts were using this system. The generation capacity installed or under construction of the electricity suppliers in these 14 districts amounted to approximately 1% of2014, the aggregate generation capacity of our generation subsidiaries as of March 31, 2013. Since the introduction ofsuppliers participating in the Community Energy System represented less than 1% of that of our generation subsidiaries in 2004, a total of 31 districts have obtained the license to supply electricity throughaggregate. Accordingly, we currently do not expect the Community Energy System but 17to be widely adopted, especially in light of such districts have reportedly abandoned plans to adopt the Community Energy System, largely due to the relatively highsignificant level of capital expenditure required the rise in fuel costs and the lower-than-expected electricity output per cost.for such direct supply. However, if the Community Energy System is widely adopted, it willmay erode our currently dominant market position in the generation and distribution of electricity in Korea, and may have a material adverse effect on our business, growth, revenuesresults of operations and profitability.financial condition.
Labor unrest may adversely affect our operations.
We and each of our generation subsidiaries have separate labor unions. As of December 31, 2012,2013, approximately 68.4%69.7% of our and our generation subsidiaries’ employees in the aggregate were members of these labor unions. Since thea six-week labor strike in 2002 by the union members of our generation subsidiaries in response to thea proposed privatization of one of our generation subsidiaries, there has been no material subsequent labor dispute. However, we cannot assure you that there will not be a major labor strike or other material disruptions of operations by the labor unions of us and our generation subsidiaries if the Government resumes privatization or other restructuring initiatives or for other reasons, which may adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Planned relocation of the headquarters of us and our generation subsidiaries may reduce our operational efficiency.
In June 2005, as part of an initiative to foster balanced economic growth in the provinces, the Government announced a plan to relocate the headquarters of select government-invested enterprises, including us and our six
generation and certain other subsidiaries, from the Seoul metropolitan area to other provinces in Korea. Currently, our headquarters and those of our generation subsidiaries are within close vicinity of each other in the City of Seoul. Pursuant to the Government’s relocation policy, our headquarters are scheduled to be relocated to Naju in Jeolla Province, which is approximately 300 kilometers south of Seoul. Although the relocation was initially scheduled to occur by the end of 2012, due to construction delays, we currently expect that the relocation will occur by the end of 2014. In addition, the headquarters of certain of our subsidiaries are scheduled to be relocated to various other cities in Korea. While we intend to comply with the relocation plan, there can be no assurance that, following such relocation, we will be able to maintain the current level of operational efficiency due to geographic dispersion of our business units.
Operation of nuclear power generation facilities inherently involves numerous hazards and risks, any of which could result in a material loss of revenues or increased expenses.
Through KHNP, we currently operate 23 nuclear-fuel generation units. Operation of nuclear power plants is subject to certain hazards, including environmental hazards such as leaks, ruptures and discharge of toxic and radioactive substances and materials. These hazards can cause personal injuries or loss of life, severe damage to or destruction of property and natural resources, pollution or other environmental damage, clean-up responsibilities, regulatory investigation and penalties and suspension of operations. Nuclear power has a stable and relatively inexpensive cost structure (which is least costly among the fuel types used by our generation subsidiaries) and is the second largest source of Korea’s electricity supply, accounting for 29.8%27% of electricity generated in Korea in 2012.2013. Due to significantly lower unit fuel costs compared to those for conventionalthermal power plants, our nuclear power plants are generally operated at full capacity with only routine shutdowns for fuel replacement and maintenance, with limited exceptions.
From time to time, our nuclear generation units may experience unexpected shutdowns. For example, on February 9, 2012, Kori-1 experienced a station blackout for approximately 12 minutes during a scheduled maintenance overhaul. This incident was reported to the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission on March 12, 2012, leading to a further safety evaluation, after which Kori-1 resumed operations in August 2012. The breakdown, failure or suspension of operation of a nuclear unit could result in a material loss of revenues, an increase in fuel costs related to the use of alternative power sources, additional repair and maintenance costs, greater risk of litigation and increased social and political hostility to the use of nuclear power, any of which could have a material adverse impact on our financial conditions and results of operation.
In response to the damage to the nuclear facilities (including nuclear meltdowns) in Japan as a result of the tsunami and earthquake in March 2011, the Government announced plans to further enhance the safety and security of nuclear power facilities, including by establishing the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission (“NSSC”) in July 2011 for neutral and independent safety appraisals, subjecting nuclear power plants to additional safety inspections by governmental authorities and civic groups and requiring KHNP to prepare a comprehensive safety improvement plan. As a result of the foregoing, as well as a generally higher level of public and regulatory scrutiny of nuclear power following the recent nuclear incident in Japan, KHNP plans to implement a significant number of measures to improve the safety and efficiency of its generation facilities for target completion by 2015. We expect to incur additional compliance costs and capital expenditures in relation to our improvement measures, which could have a material adverse impact on our financial conditions and results of operation.
Recent findings of falsified testing results and bribery and the subsequent prolonged shutdowns of certain of our nuclear generation units may adversely hurt our reputation, business, results of operations and financial condition.
In May 2013, the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission (“NSSC”) announced that it discovered certain control cables used in three of our then-operating nuclear generation units, Shin-Kori #1 and #2, Shin-Wolsung #1, and three units under construction, Shin-Kori #3 and #4 and Shin-Wolsung #2, had been supplied based on
forged testing results. These parts were custom-made and have critical functions in the case of emergency for activating certain safety signals. The forgery was made by a testing facility in charge of performance evaluation of the parts before delivery.
Upon such discovery, KHNP immediately began internal investigation of related certification documents and reported to the Prosecutor’s Office all testing facilities and suppliers suspected of forgery for further investigation. Currently, the NSSC, with the full cooperation of KHNP, is conducting a full scale investigation into the appropriateness of all testing results at all of our nuclear generation units. In addition, the Prosecutor’s Office has been conducting extensive investigation on all parties suspected of having been involved in the forgery and has brought several criminal and civil charges, including against several of KHNP’s former and current officers and employees. In addition, one of KHNP’s former CEOs and several former and current officers and employees of KHNP were arrested on separate bribery charges brought by the Prosecutor’s Office as part of a wider investigation into the nuclear power industry in general, and in June 2013, KHNP’s then CEO was dismissed by the Government for failure of oversight. KHNP has been fully cooperating with the authorities on these investigations and have promptly taken all appropriate disciplinary actions against KHNP’s employees allegedly involved in such incidents. KHNP has also immediately suspended all existing relationships with all of the entities alleged to have participated in any related illegal or improper activities. KHNP as an entity has not been subject to any criminal charges or sanctions. The investigations by the NSSC and the Prosecutor’s Office are still ongoing.
Immediately following the discovery of the forgery incident, Shin-Kori #1 and #2 and Shin-Wolsung #1 were shut down in May 2013 for further safety inspections. Shin-Kori #3 and #4 and Shin-Wolsung #2, where such parts were also used, currently remain under construction. Shin-Kori #1 and #2 and Shin-Wolsung #1 resumed operations in January 2014 following parts replacement and the NSSC approval. While we expect that the construction of the other units will proceed as originally planned, we cannot assure you that any or all of these units will complete construction as currently scheduled. As a result of the shutdown, we incurred additional operating expenses, including as a result of having had to purchase electricity generated from more expensive fuel sources while the aforementioned nuclear plants were suspended from operation.
The foregoing incidents follow a discovery in November 2012 that certain machinery parts, such as fuses and switches, used in KHNP’s nuclear-fuel generation units Hanbit #5 and Hanbit #6 had been supplied using forged quality certification documents. These parts were generic parts that were not essential to the function or safety of our nuclear generation, and the forgery was made by the suppliers of these parts. Following such discovery, relationships with these suppliers were immediately terminated and these units were shut down in November 2012 pending a Government investigation into the extent of the forgeries and the replacement of the affected parts, and the NSSC performed inspections on all generic supply parts at all of KHNP’s nuclear-fuel generation units. Upon completion of such investigation and inspections, Hanbit #5 and Hanbit #6 resumed operation in December 2012 and January 2013, respectively.
These incidents have had a material adverse effect, and may have a further material adverse effect, on our reputation, business, results of operation, financial condition as well as the general acceptance of nuclear power, especially if, as a result of these incidents or otherwise, there are findings of other criminal or other illegal or improper activities or if there are additional shutdowns that lead to greater social and political concerns over nuclear safety to the effect of impeding with our normal operation of nuclear generation units. See “Item 4B. Business—Recent Developments—Recent incidents involving certain of our nuclear units.”
The construction and operation of nuclear-fuelour generation, unitstransmission and distribution facilities involve difficulties, such as civic opposition from civic groups, which may have an adverse effect on us.
In recent years,From time to time, we have encountered increasingencounter social and political opposition to theagainst construction and operation of our generation facilities (particularly nuclear generation units.units) and, to a lesser extent, our transmission and distribution facilities.
As a recent example, we are currently facing intense opposition from local residents and civic groups to the construction of transmission lines in the Milyang area despite having offered various compensatory and other support programs. Such opposition has delayed the schedule for completion of this project. Although we and the Government have undertaken various community programs to address concerns of residents in areas near our nuclear units,facilities, civic and community opposition to the construction and operation of nuclear units could result in delayed construction or relocation of our planned nuclear generation units,facilities, which could have a material adverse impact on our business and results of operation. See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Power Generation—Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd.,” “—Community Programs” and “—Insurance.”
On February 9, 2012, our nuclear generation unit Kori-1 experienced a station blackout for approximately 12 minutes during a scheduled maintenance overhaul which began on February 4, 2012 and was scheduled to be completed on March 4, 2012. This incident was reported to the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission on March 12, 2012, which ordered a temporary shut-down of the Kori-1 on March 13, 2012, pending further safety evaluation. In addition, it was recently discovered that certain machinery parts used in our nuclear-fuel generation units had been supplied using forged quality certification documents, resulting in a temporary shutdown of two nuclear-fuel generation units in Yonggwang from November 2012 to January 2013. The Government has initiated a probe in order to investigate the extent of the forgeries and has ordered the Nuclear Safety & Security Commission to perform inspections on all of the nuclear-fuel generation units operated by us. Although we believe that the fraudulently certified parts are not material to the function or safety of our nuclear-fuel generation units, the investigation and unexpected blackouts may raise social and political concerns regarding the safety of our nuclear units, which could have an adverse impact on our financial conditions and results of operation.
We are subject to environmental regulations, including in relation to climate change, and our operations could expose us to substantial liabilities.
We are subject to national, local and overseas environmental laws and regulations, including increasing pressure to reduce emission of carbon dioxide relating to our electricity generation activities as well as our natural resource development endeavors overseas. Our operations could expose us to the risk of substantial liability relating to environmental or health and safety issues, such as those resulting from discharge of pollutants and carbon dioxide into the environment and the handling, storage and disposal of hazardous materials. We may be responsible for the investigation and remediation of environmental conditions at current or former operational sites. We may also be subject to related liabilities (including liabilities for environmental damage, third party property damage or personal injury) resulting from lawsuits brought by governments or private litigants. In the course of our operations, hazardous wastes may be generated, disposed of or treated at third party-ownedor -operated sites. If those sites become contaminated, we could also be held responsible for the cost of investigation and remediation of such sites for any related liabilities, as well as for civil or criminal fines or penalties.
We currently operate extensive programs to comply with various environmental regulations, including the Renewable Portfolio Standard (“RPS”) program, under which each generation subsidiary wasis required to supply 2.0%generate a specified percentage of the total energyelectricity to be generated fromby such generation subsidiary in a given year in the form of renewable energy, with the target percentage being 2.0% in 2012, 2.5% in 2013 and will be requiredincrementally increasing to supply 10.0% by 2022, with fines being2022. Fines are to be levied on any unit failingsubsidiary that fails to do so in the prescribed timeline. SatisfactionIn 2012, while one of our generation subsidiaries met 100% of its target, five others were unsuccessful to do so. Our six generation subsidiaries met, on average, 90.8% of the supply target for 2012 and accordingly were fined an aggregate amount of Won 23.7 billion. Compliance by our generation subsidiaries of the 2013 target is currently under evaluation, and our generation subsidiariesif we are found to have failed to satisfymeet the supply target for 2013 or for subsequent years, our generation subsidiaries may become subject to fineadditional fines or other penalty although we are currently unable to predict the type or amount of fine or other penalty that will be imposed.penalties. There is no assurance that such fine or other penalty will not be substantial. Ifsubstantial, and if substantial, such fine or other penalty may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. The budgeted amount of capital expenditure for implementation of the RPS as currently planned for the period from 2013 to 2022 is approximately Won 13.7 trillion. We expect that such additional capital expenditure to be covered by a corresponding increase in electricity tariff. However, there is no assurance that the Government will in fact raise the electricity tariff to a level sufficient to fully cover such additional capital expenditures or at all. See also Item 4B. “Business Overview—Renewable Energy.”
Our environmental measures, including the use of environmentally friendly but more expensive parts and equipment and budgeting capital expenditures for the installation of such facilities, may result in increased operating costs and liquidity requirement. The actual cost of installation and operation of such equipment and related liquidity requirement will depend on a variety of factors which may be beyond our control. There is no assurance that we will continue to be in material compliance with legal or social standards or requirements in the future in relation to the environment, including in respect of climate change. See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Environmental Programs” and “Business Overview—Renewable Energy.”
Newly adopted coal consumption tax may have a material adverse effect on our business, operations and profitability.
On January 1, 2014, largely based on policy considerations of tax equity among different fuel types as well as environmental concerns, the Ministry of Strategy and Finance announced that, effective July 1, 2014,
consumption tax will apply to bituminous coal, which previously was not subject to consumption tax unlike other fuel types such as LNG or bunker oil. The base tax rate (which is subject to certain adjustments) will be Won 24 per kilogram for bituminous coal; however, due to concerns on the potential adverse effect on industrial activities, the applicable tax rate will be Won 19 per kilogram for bituminous coal with net heat generation of 5,000 kilo calories or more per kilogram, and Won 17 per kilogram for bituminous coal with net heat generation of less than 5,000 kilo calories per kilogram. In contrast, the applicable tax rate for LNG will be reduced from Won 60 per kilogram to Won 42 per kilogram. Since bituminous coal currently represents the largest fuel type for electricity generation, accounting for approximately 43.0% of our entire fuel requirements in 2013 in terms of electricity output, we expect the newly adopted consumption tax thereon will result in an increase of our overall fuel costs, notwithstanding the decrease in the consumption tax rate for LNG, which accounted for approximately 19.7% of our entire fuel requirements in 2013 in terms of electricity output. While we expect that such additional fuel costs will be covered by a corresponding increase in electricity tariff, there is no assurance that the Government will in fact raise electricity tariff to a level sufficient to fully cover such additional costs in a timely manner or at all, and if the Government does not do so, the increase in our overall fuel costs arising from the newly adopted coal consumption tax will adversely affect our results of operation and financial condition.
Our risk management procedures may not prevent losses in debt and foreign currency positions.
We manage interest rate exposure for our debt instruments by limiting our variable rate debt exposure as a percentage of our total debt and closely monitoring the movements in market interest rates. We also actively manage currency exchange rate exposure for our foreign currency-denominated liabilities by measuring the potential loss therefrom using risk analysis software and entering into derivative contracts to hedge such exposure when the possible loss reaches a certain risk limit. To the extent we have unhedged positions or our hedging and other risk management procedures do not work as planned, our results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected.
The amount and scope of coverage of our insurance are limited.
Substantial liability may result from the operations of our nuclear generation units, the use and handling of nuclear fuel and possible radioactive emissions associated with such nuclear fuel. KHNP carries insurance for its generation units and nuclear fuel transportation, and we believe that the level of insurance is generally adequate and is in compliance with relevant laws and regulations. In addition, KHNP is the beneficiary of Government indemnity which covers a portion of liability in excess of the insurance. However, such insurance is limited in terms of amount and scope of coverage and does not cover all types or amounts of losses which could arise in connection with the ownership and operation of nuclear plants. Accordingly, material adverse financial consequences could result from a serious accident or a natural disaster to the extent it is neither insured nor covered by the government indemnity.
In addition, our non-nuclearthermal generation subsidiaries carry insurance covering certain risks, including fire, in respect of their key assets, including buildings and equipment located at their respective power plants, construction-in-progress and imported fuel and procurement in transit. Such insurance and indemnity, however, cover only a portion of the assets that the non-nuclearthermal generation subsidiaries own and operate and do not cover all types or amounts of loss that could arise in connection with the ownership and operation of these power plants. In addition, unlike us, our generation subsidiaries are not permitted to self-insure, and accordingly have notself-insured, against risks of their uninsured assets or business. Accordingly, material adverse financial consequences could result from a serious accident to the extent it is uninsured.
In addition, because neither we nor our generation subsidiaries, other than KHNP, carry any insurance against terrorist attacks, an act of terrorism would result in significant financial losses. See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Insurance.”
We may not be able to raise equity capital in the future without the participation of the Government.
Under applicable laws, the Government is required to directly or indirectly own at least 51.0%51% of our issued capital stock. As of December 31, 2012,February 17, 2014 the last day on which our shareholder registry was closed, the Government, directly and through Korea Finance Corporation (a statutory banking institution wholly-ownedwholly owned by the Government), owned 51.1% of our issued capital stock. Accordingly, without changes in the existing Korean law, it may be difficult or impossible for us to undertake, without the participation of the Government, any equity financing in the future.
Following from the recent decision of the Supreme Court of Korea, we may be exposed to potential claims made by current or previous employees for unpaid wages for the past three years under the expanded scope of ordinary wages and become subject to additional labor costs arising from the broader interpretation of ordinary wages under such decision.
Under the Labor Standards Act, an employee is legally entitled to “ordinary wages.” Under the guidelines previously issued by the Ministry of Labor, ordinary wages include base salary and certain fixed monthly allowances for work performed overtime during night shifts and holidays. Prior to the Supreme Court decision described below, many companies in Korea had typically interpreted these guidelines as excluding from the scope of ordinary wages fixed bonuses that are paid other than on a monthly basis, namely on a bi-monthly, quarterly or biannually basis, although such interpretation had been a subject of controversy and had been overruled in a few court cases.
In December 2013, the Supreme Court of Korea ruled that regular bonuses fall under the category of ordinary wages on the condition that those bonuses are paid regularly and uniformly, and that any agreement which excludes such regular bonuses from ordinary wage is invalid. The Supreme Court further ruled that in spite of invalidity of such agreements, employees shall not retroactively claim additional wages incurred due to such court decision, in case that such claims bring to employees unexpected benefits which substantially exceeds the wage level agreed by employers and employees and cause an unpredicted increase in expenditures for their company, which would lead the company to material managerial difficulty or would threat to the existence of the company. In that case, the claim is not acceptable since it is unjust and is in breach of the principle of good faith. Prior to such Supreme Court ruling, we determined wages in accordance with budget instructions from the Ministry of Strategy and Finance, which excluded bonuses from ordinary wages and which was determined with the consent of the relevant labor unions.
Following the Supreme Court decision, the Korea Power Plant Industry Union and others filed lawsuits in an aggregate amount of Won 44.6 billion against our six generation subsidiaries, based on claims that ordinary wage was paid without including certain items that should have been included as ordinary wage. Our management currently believes that we are not presently obligated to make any payments in relation to this matter and we accordingly had not made any provision in relation thereto as of December 31, 2013 since it is unclear how the Supreme Court ruling should be applied and it is not possible to reasonably estimate the amount of potential loss since such amount will depend on the nature of the future (other than salesagreement between management and relevant labor unions and/or the outcome of treasury stock).the foregoing or related lawsuits. However, should the outcome of these or other lawsuits be finally determined against us, the resulting compensation we will be required to pay and any related increase in labor costs will have an adverse effect on our results of operation and cash flows.
Risks Relating to Korea and the Global Economy
Unfavorable financial and economic conditions in Korea and globally may have a material adverse impact on us.
We are incorporated in Korea, where most of our assets are located and most of our income is generated. As a result, we are subject to political, economic, legal and regulatory risks specific to Korea, and our business, results of operation and financial condition are substantially dependent on the Korean consumers’ demand for
electricity, which are in turn largely dependent on developments relating to the Korean economy. The Korean economy is closely integrated with, and is significantly affected by, developments in the global economy and financial markets.
The ongoingWhile in the aftermath of the global financial crisis that started in the second half of 2008 there have been mixed signs of recovery for the global and Korean economy, substantial uncertainties remain in the form of anticipated tightening of the U.S. monetary policy, continued fiscal and financial challenges affectingfor the European, U.S. and global financial sectors,economies, fluctuations in oil and commodity prices, and the general weakness of the European, U.S., Chinese and global economy have increased the uncertainty of global economic prospects in general and have adversely affected, and may continue to adversely affect, the Korean economy. Due to the ongoing volatility in the global financial markets, the value of the Won relative to the U.S. dollar has also fluctuated significantly in recent years. Furthermore, as a result of adverse global and Korean economic conditions, there has been continuing volatility in the stock prices of Korean companies. While deterioration of the global economy slowed in the second half of 2009, with some signs of stabilization and improvement beginning in 2010, substantial uncertainties have resurfaced in the form of fiscal and financial sector crisis in several European countries (including Greece, Spain, Italy, Ireland, France and Portugal), as well as threats to the viability of the Euro as a common European currency, a downgrade in the sovereign or other credit ratings of governments and financial institutions in Europe and the United States and signs of cooling of the Chinese economy and Indian economies,a rise of military and political tension in the Crimean peninsula and former members of the Soviet Union. Accordingly, the overall prospects for the Korean and global economy in 20132014 and beyond remain uncertain. While our aggregate financial exposure to the European countries currently beingthat have been significantly affected by the ongoing fiscal and financial crisis remains less than 1% of our consolidated total assets, any future deterioration of the global economy may have an adverse impact on the Korean economy, which in turn could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. As the Korean economy is highly dependent on the health and direction of the global economy, the prices of our securities may be adversely affected by investors’ reactions to developments in other countries. In addition, due to the ongoing volatility in the global financial markets, the value of the Won relative to the U.S. dollar has also fluctuated significantly in recent years, which in turn also may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operation.
Factors that determine economic and business cycles of the Korean or global economy are for the most part beyond our control and inherently uncertain. In light of the high level of
interdependence of the global economy, any of the foregoing developments could have a material adverse effect on the Korean economy and financial markets, and in turn on our business and profitability.
More specifically, factors that could hurt the Korean economy in the future include, among others:
monetary tightening by the U.S. government known as “tapering,” further deterioration of the fiscal and financial crisisdifficulties in Europe, downgrades in the sovereign or other credit ratingsslowdowns of the governments and financial institutions in Europe and the United States,Chinese economy, as well as rising military and political tension in the slowdownCrimean peninsula and former members of the Chinese economy,Soviet Union, which could have adverse effects on the global, and in turn Korean credit and financial markets;markets as well as the exchange rates of Won to other major foreign currencies, particularly U.S. dollar;
increases in inflation levels, volatility in foreign currency reserve levels, commodity prices (including coal, oil, LNG prices), exchange rates (including fluctuation of U.S. dollar and Japanese Yen exchange rates or revaluation of the Renminbi), interest rates, and stock marketsmarket prices and inflows and outflows of foreign capital, either directly, into the stock markets, through derivatives or otherwise;
potential friction with Korea’s trading partners arising, in part, from Korea’s heavy reliance on exports;
adverse developments in the economies of countries to which Korea exports goods and services (such as China, the United States and Japan), or in emerging market economies in Asia or elsewhere that could result in a loss of confidence in the Korean economy;
the continued emergence of China, to the extent its benefits (such as increased exports to China) are outweighed by its costs (such as competition in export markets or for foreign investment and relocation of the manufacturing base from Korea to China);
social and labor unrest or declining consumer confidence or spending resulting from layoffs, increasing unemployment and lower levels of income;
uncertainty and volatility in real estate prices arising, in part, from the Government’s policy-driven tax and other regulatory measures;
rising fiscal deficit as a result of a decrease in tax revenues and a substantial increase in the Government’s expenditures for welfare and other social programs;
political uncertainty or increasing strife among or within political parties in Korea, including as a result of the continued polarization of the positions of the ruling conservative party and the progressive opposition;
deterioration in economic or diplomatic relations between Korea and its trading partners or allies, including such deterioration resulting from trade disputes or disagreements in foreign policy;
any other development that has a material adverse effect in the global economy, such as an act of war, a terrorist act or a breakout of an epidemic such as SARS, avian flu or swine flu or natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis and the related disruptions in the relevant economies with global repercussions;
hostilities involving oil-producing countries in the Middle East and elsewhere and any material disruption in the supply of oil or a material increase in the price of oil resulting from such hostilities; and
an increase in the level of tensions or an outbreak of hostilities in the Korean peninsula.
Any future deterioration of the Korean economy could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operation.
Tensions with North Korea could have an adverse effect on us and the market value of our shares.
Relations between Korea and North Korea have been tense throughout Korea’s modern history. The level of tension between the two Koreas has fluctuated and may increase abruptly as a result of current and future events. In
recent years, there have been heightened security concerns stemming from North Korea’s nuclear weapons and long-range missile programs and increased uncertainty regarding North Korea’s actions and possible responses from the international community. Recently, on April 13, 2012, North Korea conducted a test of a long-range missile against the protests of many in the international community, including Korea, Japan and the United States. On December 12, 2012, North Korea conducted a rocket launch under the premise of placing a satellite in orbit. This launch has been widely criticized by the international community as a veiled attempt by North Korea to further develop its long-range ballistic missile program. The United Nations Security Council has strongly condemned the tests and the United States has cut off food aid to North Korea. North Korea has responded by issuing a statement that it is free to take necessary retaliatory measures. Most recently, on February 12, 2013, North Korea conducted a nuclear test at its underground test facility in Punggye-ri. The nuclear test has been condemned by the international community and the United National Security Council and the European Union has agreed to a set of new sanctions against North Korea. North Korea has responded to these new sanctions by announcing its withdrawal from the Korean Armistice Agreement and with provocative rhetoric which has increased tensions on the Korean peninsula. After Korea announced on October 7, 2012, that it would extend the range of its ballistic missiles from 185 to 500 miles, a distance which could hit the northeast corner of North Korea from launch sites in central Korea, the National Defense Commission (which is the top military body of North Korea) announced it was ready to wage war on the United States and its allies and threatened to launch nuclear weapons in the event the United States or its allies use nuclear weapons against North Korea.
There recently has been increased uncertainty about the future of North Korea’s political leadership and its implications for the economic and political stability of the region. Shortly after the death of Kim Jong-il, along-standing former ruler of North Korea, in December 2011 his son Kim Jong-eunJong-un was named North Korea’s Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces. Whether Kim Jong-eunJong-un will successfully solidify his political power or whether he will implement policies that will successfully assist North Korea in withstanding the many challenges it faces, however, remains uncertain. In addition,If the consolidation of power by Kim Jong-un is not successful or there exist any material conflicts among different political factions, there may be significant uncertainty regarding the policies, actions and initiatives that North Korea’s economy faces severe challenges.Korea might pursue in the future. For example, in December 2013, Jang Sung-Taek, husband to Kim Jong-un’s aunt, who was widely speculated to be the second in command, was executed on November 30, 2009,charges of sedition, among others. Although the implications of such developments remain uncertain, it may cause further political and social instability in North Korea redenominated its currency at a ratioand/or adoption of 100 to 1 as partmore hostile policies that could enhance friction with Korea and the rest of its first currency reform in 17the world.
In recent years, as a way to control inflation and reduce the income gap among its citizens. In tandem with the currency redenomination, the North Korean government banned the use or possession of foreign currency by its residents and closed down privately run markets, which led to severe inflation and food shortages. Such developments may further aggravate social and political tensions within North Korea.
Furthermore, there have been recent military conflictsheightened security concerns stemming from North Korea’s nuclear weapons and long-range missile programs and increased uncertainty regarding North Korea’s actions and possible responses from the international community. In January 2003, North Korea renounced its obligations under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and conducted multiple rounds of nuclear tests between October 2006 and February 2013, which increased tensions in the region and elicited strong objections worldwide. In response, the United Nations Security Council unanimously passed resolutions that condemned North Korea for the nuclear tests and expanded sanctions against North Korea, most recently in March 2013.
North Korea has recently undertaken other hostile actions. For example, in March 2010, a Korean naval vessel was destroyed by an underwater explosion, killing many of the crewmen on board. The Government formally accused North Korea of causing the sinking, while North Korea denied responsibility. Moreover, in November 2010, North Korea fired more than one hundred artillery shells that hit Korea’s Yeonpyeong Island near the Northern Limit Line, which acts as the de facto maritime boundary between Korea and North Korea on the Korean peninsula. On March 26, 2010, the Cheonan, a Korean navy ship, sank off the westernwest coast of Korea killing 46 soldiers. An investigation carried out by the Joint Civilian-Military Investigation Group, consisting of investigators from Korea, the United States, Australia, the United Kingdom and Sweden, concluded that the Cheonan was sunk by a North Korean torpedo. Also, on November 23, 2010, the North Korean military fired artillery shells onto the Korean island of Yeonpyeong, killing two Korean soldierspeninsula, causing casualties and two civilians which set off an exchange of fire between the two sides. Around the end of 2010, the International Criminal Court tentatively concluded that North Korea’s sinking of the Cheonan and shelling of the island of Yeonpyeong constituted a war crime, and launched a preliminary investigation regarding such incidents.significant property damage. The Government
On August 22, 2011,
condemned North Korea unilaterally declared that it will legally dispose of all Korean-owned real estate, equipmentfor the attack and raw materials it seized in April 2010 within the Mt. Geumgang resort area (the “Geumgang area”), concurrent with its seizure and embargo of Korean supplies and assets and its exit order of all employees who were dispatched from Korea (the “2011 Declaration”). It is estimated that the value of the assets, including the real estate, owned by the Government, the Korea Tourism Organization and other private Korean companies in the Geumgang area amount to approximately ₩484.1 billion. Tourism in the Geumgang area has effectively been discontinued since a Korean tourist was shot and killed by a North Korean soldier on July 11, 2008. More recently, onvowed stern retaliation should there be further provocation. In March 27, 2013, North Korea severeddeclared the last remaining military hotline1953 armistice invalid, stated that it had entered “a state of war” with Korea, and put its artillery at the highest level of combat readiness to protest the Korea-United States allies’ military drills and additional sanctions imposed on April 2, 2013, North Korea announced that it would restart afor its missile and nuclear reactor located at Yongbyon. In addition, ontests.
On April 3, 2013, North Korea suspended access toblocked South Koreans from entering the Kaesong joint industrialIndustrial Complex, an economic cooperation zone to South Korean workerswithin North Korea and on April 26, 2013 the GovernmentSouth Korea decided to withdraw South Koreanits workers from the complex. Currently,In September 2013, however, Korea and North Korea reached an agreement and resumed operation of the
Government is in Kaesong Industrial Complex, and have since made efforts to improve the processbusiness environment of considering various other options, including legal and diplomatic measures but it is unclear whether and when the complex, including by building radio frequency identification data transfer systems and launching internet service, among others. In February 2014, the U.S. Congressional Research Service reported that the Government’s approach towards the expansion and internationalization of the Kaesong Industrial Complex could conflict with U.S. legislative efforts to expand its sanctions on North Korea, and there is no assurance that the Government will resume operation.not reverse or reduce its such efforts at detente.
There can be no assurance that the level of tension and instability inon the Korean peninsula will not escalate in the future, or that thefuture. Furthermore, North Korea’s economy also faces severe challenges, including severe inflation and food shortages, which may further aggravate social and political regime intensions within North Korea. In addition, reunification of Korea and North Korea may not suddenly collapse.could occur in the future, which would entail significant economic expenditure and commitment by Korea. Any further increase in tensioneconomic or uncertainty relating to the militarypolitical difficulties within North Korea or economic stability in the Korean peninsula, including a breakdown of diplomatic negotiations over the North Korean nuclear program, occurrenceescalation of military hostilities or heightened concerns about the stability oftension between Korea and North Korea’s political leadership,Korea could have a material adverse effect on ourthe Company’s business, financial condition and results of operation and couldoperations as well as lead to a decline in the market value of our common shares and our American depositary shares.
We are generally subject to Korean corporate governance and disclosure standards, which differ in significant respects from those in other countries.
Companies in Korea, including us, are subject to corporate governance standards applicable to Korean public companies which differ in many respects from standards applicable in other countries, including the United States. As a reporting company registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission and listed on the New York Stock Exchange, we are, and will continue to be, subject to certain corporate governance standards as mandated by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended. However, foreign private issuers, including us, are exempt from certain corporate governance standards required under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act or the rules of the New York Stock Exchange. For a description of significant differences in corporate governance standards, see Item 16G. “Corporate Governance.” There may also be less publicly available information about Korean companies, such as us, than is regularly made available by public or non-public companies in other countries. Such differences in corporate governance standards and less public information could result in less than satisfactory corporate governance practices or disclosure to investors in certain countries.
You may not be able to enforce a judgment of a foreign court against us.
We are a corporation with limited liability organized under the laws of Korea. Substantially all of our directors and officers and other persons named in this annual report reside in Korea, and all or a significant portion of the assets of our directors and officers and other persons named in this annual report and substantially all of our assets are located in Korea. As a result, it may not be possible for holders of the American depository shares to affect service of process within the United States, or to enforce against them or us in the United States judgments obtained in United States courts based on the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States. There is doubt as to the enforceability in Korea, either in original actions or in actions for enforcement of judgments of United States courts, of civil liabilities predicated on the United States federal securities laws.
Risks Relating to Our American Depositary Shares
There are restrictions on withdrawal and deposit of common shares under the depositary facility.
Under the deposit agreement, holders of shares of our common stock may deposit those shares with the depositary bank’s custodian in Korea and obtain American depositary shares, and holders of American depositary shares may surrender American depositary shares to the depositary bank and receive shares of our common stock. However, under current Korean laws and regulations, the depositary bank is required to obtain our prior consent for the number of shares to be deposited in any given proposed deposit which exceeds the difference between (1) the aggregate number of shares deposited by us for the issuance of American depositary shares (including deposits in connection with the initial and all subsequent offerings of American depositary shares and stock dividends or other distributions related to these American depositary shares) and (2) the number of shares on deposit with the depositary bank at the time of such proposed deposit. We have consented to the deposit of outstanding shares of common stock as long as the number of American depositary shares outstanding at any time does not exceed 80,153,810 shares. As a result, if you surrender American depositary shares and withdraw shares of common stock, you may not be able to deposit the shares again to obtain American depositary shares.
Ownership of our shares is restricted under Korean law.
Under the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act, with certain exceptions, a foreign investor may acquire shares of a Korean company without being subject to any single or aggregate foreign investment ceiling. As one such exception, certain designated public corporations, such as us, are subject to a 40.0%40% ceiling on acquisitions of shares by foreigners in the aggregate. The Financial Services Commission may increase or decrease these percentages ifimpose other restrictions as it deems it necessary for the public interest, protection of investors or industrial policy.and the stabilization of the Korean securities and derivatives market.
In addition to the aggregate foreign investment ceiling, the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act and our Articles of Incorporation set a 3% ceiling on acquisition by a single investor (whether domestic or foreign) of the shares of our common stock. Any person (with certain exceptions) who holds our issued and outstanding shares in excess of such 3% ceiling cannot exercise voting rights with respect to our shares exceeding such limit.
The ceiling on aggregate investment by foreigners applicable to us may be exceeded in certain limited circumstances, including as a result of acquisition of:
shares by a depositary issuing depositary receipts representing such shares (whether newly issued shares or outstanding shares);
shares by exercise of warrant, conversion right under convertible bonds, exchange right under exchangeable bonds or withdrawal right under depositary receipts issued outside of Korea;
shares from the exercise of shareholders’ rights; or
shares by gift, inheritance or bequest.
A foreigner who has acquired our shares in excess of any ceiling described above may not exercise his voting rights with respect to our shares exceeding such limit and the Financial Services Commission may take necessary corrective action against him.
Holders of our ADSs will not have preemptive rights in certain circumstances.
The Korean Commercial Code and our Articles of Incorporation require us, with some exceptions, to offer shareholders the right to subscribe for new shares in proportion to their existing ownership percentage whenever new shares are issued. If we offer any rights to subscribe for additional shares of our common stock or any rights of any other nature, the depositary bank, after consultation with us, may make the rights available to you or use
reasonable efforts to dispose of the rights on your behalf and make the net proceeds available to you. The depositary bank, however, is not required to make available to you any rights to purchase any additional shares unless it deems that doing so is lawful and feasible and:
a registration statement filed by us under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, is in effect with respect to those shares; or
the offering and sale of those shares is exempt from or is not subject to the registration requirements of the U.S. Securities Act.
We are under no obligation to file any registration statement with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission in relation to the registration rights. If a registration statement is required for you to exercise preemptive rights but is not filed by us, you will not be able to exercise your preemptive rights for additional shares and you will suffer dilution of your equity interest in us.
The market value of your investment in our ADSs may fluctuate due to the volatility of the Korean securities market.
Our common stock is listed on the KRX KOSPI Division of the Korea Exchange, which has a smaller market capitalization and is more volatile than the securities markets in the United States and many European countries. The market value of ADSs may fluctuate in response to the fluctuation of the trading price of shares of our common stock on the Stock Market Division of the Korea Exchange. The Stock Market Division of the Korea Exchange has experienced substantial fluctuations in the prices and volumes of sales of listed securities and the Stock Market Division of the Korea Exchange has prescribed a fixed range in which share prices are permitted to move on a daily basis. Like other securities markets, including those in developed markets, the Korean securities market has experienced problems including market manipulation, insider trading and settlement failures. The recurrence of these or similar problems could have a material adverse effect on the market price and liquidity of the securities of Korean companies, including our common stock and ADSs, in both the domestic and the international markets.
The Korean government has the potential ability to exert substantial influence over many aspects of the private sector business community, and in the past has exerted that influence from time to time. For example, the Korean government has promoted mergers to reduce what it considers excess capacity in a particular industry and has also encouraged private companies to publicly offer their securities. Similar actions in the future could have the effect of depressing or boosting the Korean securities market, whether or not intended to do so. Accordingly, actual or perceived actions or inactions by the government or the perception that such actions are taking place, may take place or has ceased, may cause sudden movements in the market prices of the securities of Korean companies in the future, which may affect the market price and liquidity of our common stock and ADSs.
Your dividend payments and the amount you may realize in connection with a sale of your ADSs will be affected by fluctuations in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Won.
Investors who purchase the American depositary shares will be required to pay for them in U.S. dollars. Our outstanding shares are listed on the Korea Exchange and are quoted and traded in Won. Cash dividends, if any, in respect of the shares represented by the American depositary shares will be paid to the depositary bank in Won and then converted by the depositary bank into U.S. dollars, subject to certain conditions. Accordingly, fluctuations in the exchange rate between the Won and the U.S. dollar will affect, among other things, the amounts a registered holder or beneficial owner of the American depositary shares will receive from the depositary bank in respect of dividends, the U.S. dollar value of the proceeds which a holder or owner would receive upon sale in Korea of the shares obtained upon surrender of American depositary shares and the secondary market price of the American depositary shares.
If the Government deems that certain emergency circumstances are likely to occur, it may restrict the depositary bank from converting and remitting dividends in U.S. dollars.
If the Government deems that certain emergency circumstances are likely to occur, it may impose restrictions such as requiring foreign investors to obtain prior Government approval for the acquisition of Korean securities or for the repatriation of interest or dividends arising from Korean securities or sales proceeds from disposition of such securities. These emergency circumstances include any or all of the following:
sudden fluctuations in interest rates or exchange rates;
extreme difficulty in stabilizing the balance of payments; and
a substantial disturbance in the Korean financial and capital markets.
The depositary bank may not be able to secure such prior approval from the governmentGovernment for the payment of dividends to foreign investors when the Government deems that there are emergency circumstances in the Korean financial markets.
ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY
ITEM 4. | INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY |
Item 4A. History and Development of the Company
General Information
Our legal and corporate name is Korea Electric Power Corporation. We were established by the Government on December 31, 1981 as a statutory juridical corporation in Korea under the Korea Electric Power Corporation (“KEPCO”) Act as the successor to Korea Electric Company. Our registered office is located at 167 Samseong-dong,512 Yeongdongdaero, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea, and our telephone number is 82-2-3456-4216.82-2-3456-4217. Our website address is www.kepco.co.kr. Our agent in the United States is Korea Electric Power Corporation, New York Office, located at 7th Floor, Parker Plaza, 400 Kelby Street, Fort Lee, NJ 07024.
The Korean electric utility industry traces its origin to the establishment of the first electric utility company in Korea in 1898. On July 1, 1961, the industry was reorganized by the merger of Korea Electric Power Company, Seoul Electric Company and South Korea Electric Company, which resulted in the formation of Korea Electric Company. From 1976 to 1981, the Government acquired the private minority shareholdings in Korea Electric Company. After the Government acquired all the remaining shares of Korea Electric Company, Korea Electric Company was dissolved, and we were incorporated in 1981 and assumed the assets and liabilities of Korea Electric Company. We ceased to be wholly-ownedwholly owned by the Government in 1989 when the Government sold 21.0%21% of our common stock. As of December 31, 2012,February 17, 2014, the last day on which our shareholder registry was closed, the Government maintained 51.1% ownership in aggregate of our common shares by direct holdings by the Government and indirect holdings through Korea Finance Corporation, a statutory banking institution wholly owned by the Government.
Under relevant laws of Korea, the Government is required to own, directly or indirectly, at least 51.0%51% of our capital. Direct or indirect ownership of more than 50% of our outstanding common stock enables the Government to control the approval of certain corporate matters relating to us that require a shareholders’ resolution, including approval of dividends. The rights of the Government and Korea Finance Corporation as holders of our common stock are exercised by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, based on the Government’s ownership of our common stock and a proxy received from Korea Finance Corporation, in consultation with the Ministry of Strategy and Finance.
We operate under the general supervision of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy. The Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, in consultation with the Ministry of Strategy and Finance, is responsible for approving, subject to review by the Korea Electricity Commission, the electricity rates we charge our customers. See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Sales and Customers—Electricity Rates.” We furnish reports to officials of
the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, the Ministry of Strategy and Finance and other Government agencies and regularly consult with such officials on matters relating to our business and affairs. See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Regulation.” Our non-standing directors, who comprise the majority of our board of directors, must be appointed by the Ministry of Strategy and Finance following the review and resolution of the Public Agencies Operating Committee from a pool of candidates recommended by our director nomination committee and must have ample knowledge and experience in business management, and our President must be appointed by the President of the Republic upon the motion of the minister of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy following the nomination by our Director Nomination Committee,director nomination committee, the review and resolution of the Public Agencies Operating Committee and an approval at the general meeting of shareholders. See Item 6A. “Directors and Senior Management—Board of Directors.”
Introduction
We are an integrated electric utility company engaged in the transmission and distribution of substantially all of the electricity in Korea. Through our six wholly-owned generation subsidiaries, we also generate
substantially all the substantial majority of the electricity produced in Korea. As of December 31, 2012,2013, we and our generation subsidiaries owned approximately 84.2%81.5% of the total electricity generatinggeneration capacity in Korea (excluding plants generating electricity primarily for private or emergency use). In 2012,2013, we sold to our customers approximately 466,593474,849 gigawatt-hours of electricity. We purchase electricity principally from our generation subsidiaries and to a lesser extent from independent power producers. Of the 488,903479,287 gigawatt-hours of electricity we purchased in 2012, 30.4%2013, 28.8% was generated by KHNP, our wholly-owned nuclear and hydroelectric power generation subsidiary, 57.3%60.6% was generated by our wholly-owned five non-nuclearthermal generation subsidiaries and 12.3%10.6% was generated by independent power producers. Our five non-nuclearthermal generation subsidiaries are KOSEP, KOMIPO, KOWEPO, KOSPO and EWP, each of which is wholly-ownedwholly owned by us and is incorporated in Korea. We derive substantially all of our revenues and profit from Korea, and substantially all of our assets are located in Korea.
In 2012,2013, we had sales of Won 53,713 billion and net profit of Won 174 billion, compared to sales of Won 49,121 billion and net loss of Won 3,1673,078 billion (excluding non-controlling interests) compared to sales of Won 43,175 billion and net loss of Won 3,370 billion (excluding non-controlling interests) in 2011. Our sales increased primarily as a result of a 2.5% increase in kilowatt hours of electricity sold in 2012, which was attributable primarily to the general increase in demand for electricity among consumers in Korea as a result of a slow but steady economic growth in 2012. The increase in the volume of electricity sold was due to a 2.6% increase of electricity sold to the industrial sector, including light power usage, and a 2.1% increase in kilowatt hours of electricity sold to the commercial sector, and a 3.1% increase in kilowatt hours of electricity sold to the residential sector. See Item 5A. “Operating Results.”
Our revenues are closely tied to demand for electricity in Korea. Demand for electricity in Korea increased at a compounded average growth rate (“CAGR”) of 4.9%4.3% per annum from 20082009 to 2012,2013, compared to the real gross domestic product, or GDP, which increased at a CAGRcompounded average growth rate of 2.9%3.2% during the same period, according to Thethe Bank of Korea. The GDP growth rate was 2.0% for 2012 as compared to 3.6% for 2011. Demand3.0% during 2013 while demand for electricity in Korea increased by 2.5% from 2011 to 2012.1.8% during 2013.
Strategy
In September 2011,October 2013, we announced our new corporate strategy titled “Global Top Green & Smart Energy Pioneer KEPCO”.Pioneer.” Under this strategy, we seek to become a leading global energy enterprise through enhanced global competitiveness (for example, by selectively expanding our overseas investments) and strengthening our contribution to the global environmental campaigns through continued development of “green” and “smart” power-related technologies. We also aim to adapt to the growing uncertainties in global economy by selectively pursuing new business opportunities and through development of innovative technologies. More specifically,In addition, we aimare in the process of integrating a “creating shared value” platform to achieveour business model and operating strategy so as to enhance our social contributions as well as financial profitability in the following:form of creating new business opportunities while promoting energy welfare for our consumers.
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• | Fulfill social responsibilities as an electricity provider.In this connection, we will continue to |
Recent Developments
Increase in Electricity Tariff Rates
Effective August 6, 2012,November 21, 2013, the Government increased the electricity rates that we charge to the end-users by an average of 4.9%5.4% as further set forth in the following table:
Type of | Residential | Commercial | Industrial | Educational | Agricultural | Street Lighting | Overnight Usage | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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% increase | 2.7 | 3.9 | 4.9 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 2.7 | 5.2 | 6.4 | 5.8 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.4 | — | 3.0 | 5.4 | 5.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Effective January 14, 2013, the Government further increased the electricity rates that we charge to the end-users by an average of 4.0% as further set forth in the following table:
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% increase | 2.0 | 2.7 | 6.3 | 4.6 | 3.5 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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We cannot assure you that such tariff increaseincreases will be sufficient to fully offset the adverse impact on our results of operations from the current or future movements in fuel costs.
Correction of Accounting for Fuel Cost Pass-through AdjustmentProposed Second Basic National Energy Plan
As of July 1, 2011, a new electricity tariff system approved by the Government took effect featuring a fuel cost pass-through adjustment (“FCPTA”). This system was intended to allow us to pass through fluctuations in fuel costs ultimately to the customers. The FCPTA amount is determined based on a prior three-months moving average of international fuel prices and other factors, which is reflected two months later. On July 29, 2011, out of inflationary and other policy considerations, the Government issued a hold-order suspending us from billing or collecting the FCPTA amount from customers.
Our accounting policy was to recognize unbilled fuel cost adjustments as assets under the IFRS Conceptual Framework when we concluded that it is probable that future economic benefits would flow to us. We had concluded that we controlled a resource as a result of past events from which future economic benefits were expected to flow to us. The Regulation for Electricity Service, which regulates the FCPTA system, provides a legal “resource” or right to bill where the costs we incur will result in future cash flows. The operation of the FCPTA system creates a right to charge rates in amounts that would permit us to recover the related costs, such amounts being subject to government approval. In addition, we relied on the authority ofJanuary 13, 2014, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy adopted the Second Basic National Energy Plan following consultations with representatives from civic groups, the power industry and academia. The Second Basic National Energy Plan, which regulatesis a comprehensive plan that covers the entire spectrum of energy industries in Korea, will cover the period from 2013 to 2035 (compared to 2008 to 2030 under the First Basic National Energy Plan) and approves the electricity tariff we charge to our customers, including the FCPTA system. As of December 31, 2011, we determined that it was probable that economic benefits associated with the unbilled fuel cost adjustments would be realizable basedfocuses on the authorityfollowing six key tasks: (i) shifting the focus of energy policy to demand management with a goal of reducing electricity demand by 15% by 2035, (ii) establishing a geographically decentralized electricity generation system so as to reduce transmission losses with a goal of
supplying at least 15% of total electricity through such system by 2035, (iii) applying latest greenhouse gas emission reduction technologies to newly constructed generation units in order to further promote safety and environmental friendliness, (iv) strengthening exploration and procurement capabilities to enhance Korea’s energy security and to ensure stable supply of energy and increasing the Ministryportion of Trade, Industryelectricity supplied from renewable sources to 11% by 2035, (v) reinforcing the system for stable supply of conventional energy, such as oil and Energygas, and (vi) introducing in setting and enforcing electricity rates for customers. Therefore, we concluded that as2015 an energy voucher system in lieu of December 31, 2011 it was probable that our unbilled FCPTA amount would be collected.
We previously recognized revenue and a receivabletariff discount system for the FCPTA amounts subject to the hold orderbenefit of consumers in the amountlow income group. In addition, the Second Basic National Energy Plan contemplates revising the target level of Won 357,085 million at December 31, 2011. However, we cameelectricity generated by nuclear sources as a percentage of total electricity generated to realize that our FCPTA rate regulatory scheme closely resembles a cost-of service scheme, and have therefore determined that29%, compared to 41% under the appropriate accounting for the unbilled FCPTA amounts is to reduce cost of sales by the unbilled FCPTA amounts and recognize a related non-financial asset by the same amount, which is more consistent with accounting policies for rate regulated assets of other standard setting bodies. In accordance with IAS 8,Accounting Policies, ChangesFirst Basic National Energy Plan announced in Accounting Estimates and Errors, we used judgment in developing and applying an accounting policy that results in information that is relevant and reliable. In making that judgment, management considered pronouncements of other standard-setting bodies that use a similar conceptual framework to develop accounting standards, other accounting literature and accepted industry practices. We have concluded that the aforementioned error is immaterial, and corrected the accounting for our unbilled FCPTA amounts in our consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2011 included in Item 18. “Financial Statements.”
During the fourth quarter of 2012, we had further consultations with the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy as to the outlook for the lifting the hold-order. Furthermore, on January 11, 2013, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy informed us that the FCPTA system needed to be reassessed in light of the current circumstances such as the prolonged unbilled period since the announcement of the FCPTA system. We have therefore concluded that, in consideration of the prolonged unbilled period and recent consultations with, and information from, the Ministry, we would not be able to bill and collect the unbilled FCPTA amounts for the foreseeable future. As a result, we wrote off the entire unbilled FCPTA amounts of Won 1,877 billion recognized through December 31, 2012, including the unbilled FCPTA amounts as of December 31, 2011. As a result, there were no FCPTA amounts remaining in the consolidated statement of financial position as of December 31, 2012.
Furthermore, we will cease recording a regulatory asset prospectively related to the FCPTA amounts unless and until the likelihood of recovery once again satisfies the probable threshold contained in the IFRS Conceptual Framework or enacted IFRS at such time.
See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Recent Developments— Correction of Accounting for Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment”, Item 4B. “Business Overview—Sales and Customers—Electricity Rates”, Item 4B. “—Recent Developments— Correction of Accounting for Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment,” Item 5B. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Overview,” Item 5B. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Critical Accounting Policy—Correction of Accounting for Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment” and Notes 2, 15 and 36 to the notes to our consolidated annual financial statements.2008.
PermittedAdditional Entry of Private Enterprises in the Coal-Fired Power Generation Business
While preparing forIn connection with the sixthSixth Basic Plan which was announced in February 2013, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy accepted additional applications from private independent power producers in addition to those from our generation subsidiaries, for construction of additional coal-fired power plants. Previously,The Fifth Basic Plan announced in December 2010 included for the first time a plan for independent power producers to own and operate coal-fired power plants, namely two such generation units with aggregate capacity of 2,000 megawatts for completion in 2016. Prior to December 2010, private enterprises werehad not been permitted to own and operate coal-fired power plants in Korea. Out of such applications byFor the Sixth Basic Plan, 15 independent power producers applied for construction of a total of 40 additional coal-fired generation units with aggregate
generation capacity of 37,100 megawatts, of which the Government approved applications for the construction of six generation units with aggregate generation capacity of 6,000 megawatts as well asmegawatts. The Government also approved applications from independent power producers for construction of two additional generation units with aggregate generation capacity of 2,000 megawatts to provideprepare for the contingency of failed or delayed construction of these sixthe foregoing generation units. Construction for the six generation units is scheduled to be completed between 2018 and 2021.
Coal Consumption Tax
On January 1, 2014, largely based on policy considerations of tax equity among different fuel types as well as environmental concerns, the Ministry of Strategy and Finance announced that, effective July 1, 2014, consumption tax will apply to bituminous coal, which previously was not subject to consumption tax unlike other fuel types such as LNG or bunker oil. The base tax rate (which is subject to certain adjustments) will be Won 24 per kilogram for bituminous coal; however, due to concerns on the potential adverse effect on industrial activities, the applicable tax rate will be Won 19 per kilogram for bituminous coal with net heat generation of 5,000 kilo calories or more per kilogram, and Won 17 per kilogram for bituminous coal with net heat generation of less than 5,000 kilo calories per kilogram. In contrast, the applicable tax rate for LNG will be reduced from Won 60 per kilogram to Won 42 per kilogram. Since bituminous coal currently represents the largest fuel type for electricity generation, accounting for approximately 43.0% of our entire fuel requirements in 2013 in terms of electricity output, we expect the newly adopted consumption tax thereon will result in an increase of our overall fuel costs, notwithstanding the decrease in the consumption tax rate for LNG, which accounted for approximately 19.7% of our entire fuel requirements in 2013 in terms of electricity output. While we expect that such additional fuel costs will be covered by a corresponding increase in electricity tariff, there is no assurance that the Government will in fact raise electricity tariff to a level sufficient to fully cover such additional costs in a timely manner or at all, and if the Government does not do so, the increase in our overall fuel costs arising from the newly adopted coal consumption tax will adversely affect our results of operation and financial condition.
Recent Incidents Involving Certain of Our Nuclear Generation Units
In May 2013, the NSSC announced that it remainsdiscovered certain control cables used in three of our then-operating nuclear generation units, Shin-Kori #1 and #2, Shin-Wolsung #1, and three units under construction, Shin-Kori #3 and #4 and Shin-Wolsung #2, had been supplied based on forged testing results. These parts were custom-made and have critical functions in the case of emergency for activating certain safety signals. The forgery was made by a testing facility in charge of performance evaluation of the parts before delivery.
Upon such discovery, KHNP immediately began internal investigation of related certification documents and reported to be seen whetherthe Prosecutor’s Office all testing facilities and suppliers suspected of forgery for further investigation. Currently, the NSSC, with the full cooperation of KHNP, is conducting a full scale investigation into the appropriateness of all testing results at all of our nuclear generation units. In addition, the Prosecutor’s Office has been conducting extensive investigation on all parties suspected of having been involved in the forgery and has brought several criminal and civil charges, including against several of KHNP’s former and current officers and employees. In addition, one of KHNP’s former CEOs and several former and current officers and employees of KHNP were arrested on separate bribery charges brought by the Prosecutor’s Office as part of a wider investigation into the nuclear power industry in general, and in June 2013, KHNP’s then CEO was dismissed by the Government for failure of oversight. KHNP has been fully cooperating with the authorities on these investigations and have promptly taken all appropriate disciplinary actions against KHNP’s employees allegedly involved in such incidents. KHNP has also immediately suspended all existing relationships with all of the entities alleged to have participated in any related illegal or improper activities. KHNP as an entity has not been subject to any criminal charges or sanctions. The investigations by the NSSC and the Prosecutor’s Office are still ongoing.
Immediately following the discovery of the forgery incident, Shin-Kori #1 and #2 and Shin-Wolsung #1 were shut down in May 2013 for further safety inspections. Shin-Kori #3 and #4 and Shin-Wolsung #2, where such parts were also used, currently remain under construction. Shin-Kori #1 and #2 and Shin-Wolsung #1 resumed operations in January 2014 following parts replacement and the NSSC approval. While we expect that the construction of the other units will proceed as originally planned, we cannot assure you that any or all of these units will complete construction as currently scheduled. As a result of the shutdown, we incurred additional operating expenses, including as a result of having had to purchase electricity generated from more expensive fuel sources while the aforementioned nuclear plants were suspended from operation.
In response to the recent scandals, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy has announced a number of measures to enhance the integrity, transparency and overall quality of the procurement, testing and verification processes with respect to parts used at our nuclear generation units, will be completedincluding: (i) encouraging open hiring (including outside experts) to reduce the chances of collusion, (ii) establishing a Government-supervised independent testing verification agency for nuclear generation parts, (iii) requiring KHNP to obtain testing results directly from testing facilities instead of indirectly from suppliers as scheduled, if ithas been the existing practice, (iv) increasing criminal and civil penalties for wrongdoings related to quality certifications, and (v) enhancing transparency in KHNP’s procurement process. We are actively and promptly implementing these measures. In addition, KHNP has filed a lawsuit seeking compensation for damages against the supplier and testing facility that were to be completed as scheduled or independent power producers are permitted to build additional generation capacity (whether coal-fired or not), our market share in Korea may decrease, whichresponsible for the forgery.
These incidents have had a material adverse effect, and may have a further material adverse effect, on our reputation, business, results of operation, financial condition as well as the general acceptance of nuclear power, especially if, as a result of these incidents or otherwise, there are findings of other criminal or other illegal or improper activities or if there are additional shutdowns that lead to greater social and political concerns over nuclear safety to the effect of impeding with our normal operation of nuclear generation units. See Item 3D. “Risk Factors—Recent findings of falsified testing results and bribery and the subsequent prolonged shutdowns of certain of our nuclear generation units may adversely hurt our reputation, business, results of operations and financial condition.”
Implementation of the Advanced Metering InfrastructureCoal-Fired Power Plant Project in Vietnam
In July 2012,On March 19, 2013, a consortium consisting of us and Marubeni, a Japanese corporation, was selected by the Government implementedMinistry of Industry and Trade of Vietnam for the construction and operation of a master plan to build out a smart grid,1,200 megawatt coal-fired power plant in Thanh Hoa province, Vietnam. Construction will begin in December 2014 with target completion
by December 2018, after which includes the Advanced Metering Infrastructure (“AMI”) road map. In accordance with such plan, we will install “smart meters” and related communication networks and operating systemsoperate the plant for 22 million households as part25 years. We have entered into a power purchase agreement with Electricity of the “smart grid” initiative in an effort to enhance efficiency in the power electricity industry and alleviate growing energy shortage concerns. Smart meters refer to digital meters that record, on a real-time basis, electricity consumption within a household and the effective tariff rate at the time of electricity usage so that consumers will have a price-based incentive to enhance efficiency in their electricity usage. On the other hand, the smart grid refers to the next-generation network for electricity distribution that integrates information technology into the existing power grid with the aim of enabling two-way real time exchange of information between electricity suppliers and consumers for optimal efficiency in electricity use. The smart gridVietnam (EVN). Total project is scheduled to be completed in 2030, and the AMI project is currently scheduled to be completed in 2020. We expect that the smart grid initiative would significantly increase efficient energy consumption by providing real-time data to customers which would in turn help to reduce greenhouse gas emission and decrease Korea’s reliance on foreign energy sources. As of December 31, 2012, we have installed 3.8 million smart meter units, and plan to install an additional 3.2 million units in 2013. The AMI projectcost is expected to be US$2.3 billion, of which 25% will be funded by capital contribution and the remaining 75% by debt financing. The share capital of the special purpose entity that will be in charge of this project will be US$ 575 million, and KEPCO and Marubeni will each hold a 50% equity interest in such entity.
Electricity Storage System and Smart Grid Initiatives
We have recently been actively participating in the Government’s initiative for wider distribution and use of electricity storage systems (“ESS”). An ESS is a facility that stores electricity generated during times of low demand and transmits such electricity during times of high demand. Since our generation units currently set aside part of their capacity for frequency adjustment, replacing such parts with ESSs is expected to result in significant fuel cost an additionalsavings and efficiency enhancement for the generation process. We plan to establish and operate ESSs with total capacity of 50 megawatts in 2014 and gradually increase the capacity to 500 megawatts by 2017, which we believe will result in fuel cost savings of approximately Won 1.7 trillion by 2020.300 billion per year.
We are also involved in a number of smart-grid related initiatives. For example, we are participating in the Government’s Smart Grid Expansion Business along with 47 other corporations and agencies. This initiative involves setting out a realistic business model for commercialization of smart grid technologies for general use and distribution. The consortium is currently working on the details of such model. In addition, after completing the experimentation stage at one of our office buildings, we plan to roll out “smart grid stations,” which include facilities that integrate renewable energy production, electricity storage, advanced metering and/or building automation, to our office buildings in 210 locations nationwide. We are also in the process of developing micro-grids, for which the experimentation stage was completed, as replacement for long-distance transmission grids. Furthermore, we are also upgrading our current facility management programs and office software to comprehensively integrate smart grid and advanced metering operating systems.
Government Ownership and Our Interactions with the Government
The KEPCO Act requires that the Government own at least 51.0%51% of our capital stock. Direct or indirect ownership of more than 50.0%50% of our outstanding common stock enables the Government to control the approval of certain corporate matters which require a shareholders’ resolution, including approval of dividends. The rights of the Government and Korea Finance Corporation as holders of our common stock are exercised by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy in consultation with the Ministry of Strategy and Finance. TheWe are currently not aware of any plans of the Government currently has no plan to cease to own, directly or indirectly, at least 51.0%51% of our outstanding common stock.
We play an important role in the implementation of the Government’s national energy policy, which is established in consultation with us, among other parties. As an entity formed to serve public policy goals of the Government, we seek to maintain a fair level of profitability and strengthen our capital base in order to support the growth of our business in the long term.
The Government, through its various policy initiatives for the Korean energy industry as well as direct and indirect supervision of us and our industry, plays an important role in our business and operations. Most importantly, the electricity tariff rates we charge to our customers are regulated by the Government taking into account, among others, our needs to recover the costs of operations, make capital investments and providerecoup a fair return to our security holders,on capital invested by us, as well as the Government’s overall policy considerations, such as inflation. See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Sales and Customers—Electricity Rates.”
In addition, pursuant to the Basic Plan determined by the Government, we and our generation subsidiaries have made, and plan to make, substantial expenditures for the construction of generation plants and other facilities to meet increased demand for electric power. See Item 5B. “Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capital Requirements.”
Restructuring of the Electric Power Industry in Korea
On January 21, 1999, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy published the Restructuring Plan. The overall objectives of the Restructuring Plan consisted of: (i) introducing competition and thereby increasing efficiency in the Korean electric power industry, (ii) ensuring a long-term, inexpensive and stable electricity supply, and (iii) promoting consumer convenience through the expansion of consumer choice.
The following provides further details relating to the Restructuring Plan.
Phase I
During Phase I, which served as a preparatory stage for Phase II and lasted from the announcement of the Restructuring Plan in January 1999 until April 2001, we undertook steps to split our generation business units off into one wholly-owned nuclear generation subsidiary (namely, KHNP) and five non-nuclear wholly-owned thermal generation subsidiaries (namely, KOSEP, KOMIPO, KOSEP, KOWEPO, KOSPO and EWP), each with its own management structure, assets and liabilities. These steps were completed upon the approval of the split-off at our shareholders’ meeting in April 2001.
The Government’s principal objectives in the split-off of the generation units into separate subsidiaries were to: (i) introduce competition and thereby increase efficiency in the electricity generation industry in Korea, and (ii) ensure a stable supply of electricity in Korea.
Following the implementation of Phase I, we retained, until the adoption of the Community Energy System in July 2004 as further discussed in “—Transmission and Distribution” below, ourhave substantial monopoly position with respect to the transmission and distribution of electricity in Korea.
While our ownership percentage of the non-nuclear and non-hydroelectricthermal generation subsidiaries will depend on the further adjustments to the Restructuring Plan to be adopted by the Government, we plan to retain 100.0%100% ownership of both KHNP and our transmission and distribution business.
Phase II
At the outset of Phase II in April 2001, the Government introduced a cost-based competitive bidding pool system under which we purchase power from our generation subsidiaries and other independent power producers for transmission and distribution to customers. For a further description of this system, see “—Purchase of Electricity—Cost-based Pool System” below.
In order to support the logistics of the cost-based pool system, the Government established the Korea Power Exchange in April 2001 pursuant to the Electricity Business Law. The primary function of the Korea Power Exchange is to deal with the sale of electricity and implement regulations governing the electricity market to allow for electricity distribution through a competitive bidding process. The Government also established the Korea Electricity Commission in April 2001 to regulate the Korean electric power industry and ensure fair competition among industry participants. To facilitate this goal, the Korea Power Exchange established the Electricity Market Rules relating to the operation of the bidding pool system. To amend the Electricity Market Rules, the Korea Power Exchange must have the proposed amendment reviewed by the Korea Electricity Commission and then obtain the approval of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy.
The Korea Electricity Commission’s main functions include implementation of standards and measures necessary for electricity market operation and review of matters relating to licensing participants in the Korean electric power industry. The Korea Electricity Commission also acts as an arbitrator in tariff-related disputes among participants in the Korean electric power industry and investigates illegal or deceptive activities of the industry participants.
Privatization of Non-nuclearThermal Generation Subsidiaries
In April 2002, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy released the basic privatization plan for five of our generation subsidiaries other than KHNP. Pursuant to this plan, we commenced the process of selling our equity interest in KOSEP in 2002. According to the original plan, this process was, in principle, to take the form of a sale of management control, potentially supplemented by an initial public offering as a way of broadening the investor base. In November 2003, KOSEP submitted its application to the Korea Exchange for a preliminary screening review, which was approved in December 2003. However, in June 2004, KOSEP made a request to the Korea Exchange to delay its stock listing due to unfavorable stock market conditions at that time. We may resume the stock listing process for KOSEP in due course, after taking into consideration the overall stock market conditions and other pertinent matters. The aggregate foreign ownership of our generation subsidiaries is limited to 30.0%30% of total power generation capacity in Korea. In consultation with us, the Government will determine the size of the ownership interest to be sold and the timing of such sale, with a view to encouraging competition and assuring adequate electricity supply and debt service capability.
We believe the Government currently has no specific plans to resume the public offering of KOSEP or commence the same for any of our other generation subsidiaries in the near future. However, we cannot assure that our generation subsidiaries will not become part of Government-led privatization initiatives in the future for reasons relating to a change in Government policy, economic and market conditions and/or other factors.
Suspension of the Plan to Form and Privatize Distribution Subsidiaries
In 2003, the Government established a Tripartite Commission consisting of representatives of the Government, leading businesses and labor unions in Korea to deliberate on ways to introduce competition in electricity distribution, such as by forming and privatizing new distribution subsidiaries. In 2004, the Tripartite Commission recommended not pursuing such privatization initiatives but instead creating independent business divisions within us to improve operational efficiency through internal competition. Following the adoption of such recommendation by the Government in 2004 and further studies by Korea Development Institute, in 2006 we created nine “strategic business units” (which, together with our other business units, were subsequently restructured into 14 such units in February 2012) that camehave a greater degree of autonomy with respect to have separate management, structures (although with limits on its autonomy), financial accounting systems and performance evaluation systems, but withwhile having a common focus on maximizingincreasing profitability.
Initiatives to Improve the Structure of Electricity Generation
OnIn August 25, 2010, based on deliberations with various interested parties, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy announced the Proposal for the Improvement in the Structure of the Electric Power Industry, whose key initiatives include the following: (i) maintain the current structure of having six generation subsidiaries, (ii) designate the six generation subsidiaries as “market-oriented public enterprises” under the Public Agency Management Act in order to foster competition among them and autonomous and responsible management by them, (iii) create a supervisory unit to act as a “control tower” in reducing inefficiencies created by arbitrary division of labor among the six generation subsidiaries and fostering economies of scale among them and require the presidents of the generation subsidiaries to hold regular meetings, (iv) create a nuclear power export business unit to systematically enhance our capabilities to win projects involving the construction and operation of nuclear power plants overseas, (v) further rationalize the electricity tariff by adopting a fuel-cost based tariff system in 2011 and a voltage-based tariff system in a subsequent year, and (vi) create separate accounting systems for electricity generation, transmission, distribution and sales with the aim of introducing competition in electricity sales in the intermediate future.
Pursuant to this Proposal, in December 2010 the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy announced guidelines for a cooperative framework between us and our generation subsidiaries, and in January 2011 the five non-nuclearthermal generation subsidiaries formed a “joint cooperation unit” and transferred their pumped-storage hydroelectric
hydroelectric business units to KHNP. Furthermore, in January 2011 the six generation subsidiaries were officially designated as “market-oriented public enterprises,” whereupon the President of Korea appointappoints the president and the statutory auditor of each such subsidiary; the selection of outside directors of each such subsidiary is subject to approval by the minister of the Ministry of Strategy and Finance; the president of each such subsidiary is required to enter into a management contract directly with the minister of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy; and the Public Enterprise Management Evaluation Commission conducts performance evaluation of such subsidiaries. Previously, our president appointed the president and the statutory auditor of each such subsidiary; the selection of outside directors of each such subsidiary was subject to approval by our president; the president of each such subsidiary entered into a management contract with our president; and our evaluation committee conducted performance evaluation of such subsidiaries.
Purchase of Electricity
Cost-based Pool System
Since April 2001, the purchase and sale of electricity in Korea is required to be made through the Korea Power Exchange, which is a statutory not-for-profit organization established under the Electricity Business Act with responsibilities for setting the price of electricity, handling the trading and collecting relevant data for the electricity market in Korea. The suppliers of electricity in Korea consist of our six generation subsidiaries, which were spun off from us in April 2001, and independent power producers, which numbered 439 10 (excluding renewable energy producers)as of December 31, 2012.2013. We distribute electricity purchased through the Korea Power Exchange to the end users.
Our Relationship with the Korea Power Exchange
We have certainThe key features of our relationships with the Korea Power Exchange as follows:include the following: (i) we and our six generation subsidiaries are member corporations of the Korea Power Exchange and collectively own 100.0%100% of its share capital, (ii) three of the 10 members of the board of directors of the Korea Power Exchange are currently our or our subsidiaries’ employees, and (iii) one of our employees is currently a member in three of the key committees of the Korea Power Exchange that are responsible for evaluating the costs of producing electricity, making rules for the Korea Power Exchange and gathering and disclosing information relating to the Korean electricity market.
Notwithstanding the foregoing relationships, however, we do not have control over the Korea Power Exchange or its policies since, among others, (i) the Korea Power Exchange, its personnel, policies, operations and finances are closely supervised and controlled by the Government, namely through the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, and are subject to a host of laws and regulations, including, among others, the Electricity Business Act and the Public Agencies Management Act, as well as the Articles of Incorporation of the Korea Power Exchange, (ii) we are entitled to elect no more than one-third of the Korea Power Exchange directors and our representatives represent only a minority of its board of directors and committees (with the other members being comprised of representatives of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, employees of the Korea Power Exchange, businesspersons and/or scholars), and (iii) the role of our representatives in the policy making process for the Korea Power Exchange is primarily advisory based on their technical expertise derived from their employment at us or our generation subsidiaries. Consistent with this view, the Finance Supervisory Service issued a ruling on April 12,in 2005 that stated that we are not deemed to have significant influence or control over the decision-making process of the Korea Power Exchange relating to its business or financial affairs.
Pricing Factors
The price of electricity in the Korean electricity market is determined principally based on the cost of generating electricity using a system known as the “cost-based pool” system. Under the cost-based pool system, the price of electricity has two principal components, namely the marginal price (representing in principle the variable cost of generating electricity) and the capacity price (representing in principle the fixed cost of generating electricity).
Under the merit order system, the electricity purchase allocation, the system marginal price (as described below) and the final allocation adjustment are automatically determined based on an objective formula. The variable cost (including the adjusted coefficient as described below) and the capacity price are determined in advance of trading by the Cost Evaluation Committee. Accordingly, a supplier of electricity cannot exercise control over the merit order system or its operations to such supplier’s strategic advantage.
Marginal Price
The primary purpose of the marginal price is to compensate the generation companies for fuel costs, which represents the principal component of the variable costs of generating electricity. The concept ofWe currently refer such marginal price underas the cost-based pool system has undergone several changes in recent years in large part due to the sharp fluctuations in fuel prices.
Under the system“system marginal price regime adopted on May 1, 2008 and currently in effect, the marginal price of electricity at which our generation subsidiaries sell electricity to us is determined using the following formula:
Variable cost + [System marginal price – Variable cost] * Adjusted coefficientprice.”
The system marginal price represents, in effect, the marginal price of electricity at a given hour at which the projected demand for electricity and the projected supply of electricity for such hour intersect, as determined by the merit order system, which is a system used by the Korea Power Exchange to allocate which generation units will supply electricity for which hour and at what price. To elaborate, the projected demand for electricity for a given hour is determined by the Korea Power Exchange based on a forecast made one day prior to trading, and such forecast takes into account, among others, historical statistics relating to demand for electricity nationwide by day and by hour, seasonality and peak-houron-peak-hour versus non-peakoff-peak hour demand analysis. The projected supply of electricity at a given hour is determined as the aggregate of the available capacity of all generation units that have submitted bids to supply electricity for such hour. These bids are submitted to the Korea Power Exchange one day prior to trading.
Under the merit order system, the generation unit with the lowest variable cost of producing electricity among all the generation units that have submitted a bid for a given hour is first awarded a purchase order for electricity up to the available capacity of such unit as indicated in its bid. The generation unit with the next lowest variable cost is then awarded a purchase order up to its available capacity in its bid, and so forth, until the projected demand for electricity for such hour is met. We refer to the variable cost of the generation unit that is the last to receive the purchase order for such hour as the system marginal price, which also represents the highest price at which electricity can be supplied at a given hour based on the demand and supply for such hour. Generation units whose variable costs exceed the system marginal price for a given hour do not receive purchase orders to supply electricity for such hour. The variable cost of each generation unit is determined by the Cost Evaluation Committee (comprised of representatives from the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, the Korea Power Exchange, generation companies, scholars and researchers as well as us) on a monthly basis and reflected in the following month based on the fuel costs as of two months prior to such determination. The purpose of the merit order system is to encourage generation units to reduce its electricity generation costs by making its generation process more efficient, sourcing fuels from most cost-effective sources or adopting other cost savings programs.
The final allocation of electricity supply however, is further adjusted on the basis of other factors, including the proximity of a generation unit to the geographical area to which power is being supplied, network and fuel constraints and the amount of power loss.
The purpose of the merit order system is to encourage generating units to reduce its electricity generation costs by making its generation process more efficient, sourcing fuels from most cost-effective sources or adopting other cost savings programs. The additional This adjustment mechanism is designed to adjust for transmission losses in order to improve the overall cost-efficiency in the distribution and transmission of electricity to end-users.
The price of electricity at which our generation subsidiaries sell electricity to us is determined using the end-users by adjusting for losses arising from the distribution and transmission process.following formula:
Under the merit order system, the electricity purchase allocation, the systemVariable cost + [System marginal price and the final allocation adjustment are automatically– Variable cost] * Adjusted coefficient
The adjusted coefficient is determined based on an objective formula.considerations of, among others, electricity tariff rates, the differential generation costs for different fuel types and the relative fair returns on investment in respect of us compared to our generation subsidiaries. The purpose of the adjusted coefficient is to prevent electricity trading from resulting in undue imbalances as to the capacity pricerelative financial results among generation subsidiaries as well as
between us (as the purchaser of electricity) and our generation subsidiaries (as sellers of electricity). Such imbalances may arise from excessive profit taking by base load generators (on account of their inherently cheaper fuel cost structure compared to non-base load generators) as well as from fluctuations in fuel prices (it being the variablecase that during times of rapid and substantial rises in fuel costs which are determinednot offset by corresponding rises in advance of tradingelectricity tariff rates charged by the Cost Evaluation Committee. Accordingly,us to end-users, on a supplier ofnon-consolidated basis our profitability will decline compared to that our generation subsidiaries since our generation subsidiaries are entitled to sell electricity cannot exercise control over the merit order system or its operations to such supplier’s strategic advantage.us at cost plus a guaranteed margin).
The adjusted coefficient applies in principle to all generation units that use the same type of fuel. However, the adjusted coefficient does not apply tofuel, except for independent power producers usingthat use LNG or oil as fuel. Independent power producers that use coal as fuel will be entitled to the adjusted coefficient upon commencement of commercial operation beginning from 2016. The adjusted
coefficient is currently set at the highest level for the marginal price of electricity generated using nuclear fuel, followed by coal, oil and LNG. The differentiated adjusted coefficients reflect the Government’s current energy policy objectives and have the effect of setting priorities in the fuel types to be used in electricity generation. The adjusted coefficient is determined by the Cost Evaluation Committee in principle on an annual basis, although in exceptional cases driven by external factors such as material developments in fuel costs and electricity tariff rates, the adjusted coefficient may be adjusted on a quarterly basis.
Capacity Price
In addition to payment in respect of the variable cost of generating electricity, generation units receive payment in the form of capacity price, the purpose of which is to compensate them for the costs of constructing generation facilities and to provide incentives for new construction. The capacity price is determined annually by the Cost Evaluation Committee based on the construction costs and maintenance costs of a standard generation unit and is paid to each generation company for the amount of available capacity indicated in the bids submitted the day before trading, subject to such capacity being actually available on the relevant day of trading. From time to time, the capacity price is adjusted in ways to soften the impact of changes in the marginal price over time based on the expected rate of return for our generational subsidiaries. Currently, the capacity price is Won 7.46/kWhkW-h and since January 1, 2012 hasis applied equally to all generation units, regardless of fuel types used.
Effective as of January 1, 2007, a regionally differentiated capacity price system was introduced by setting a standard capacity reserve margin in the range of 12.0% to 20.0% in order to prevent excessive capacity build-up as well as induce optimal capacity investment at the regional level. The capacity reserve margin is the ratio of peak demand to the total available capacity. Under this system, generation units in a region where available capacity is insufficient to meet demand for electricity as evidenced by a failure to meet the standard capacity reserve margin receive increased capacity price. Conversely, generation units in a region where available capacity exceeds demand for electricity as evidenced by satisfaction ofexceeding the standard capacity reserve margin receive reduced capacity price. Since 2006, the capacity price received by generation units has been subject to hourly and seasonal adjustments in order to incentivize our generation subsidiaries to operate their generation facilities at full capacity during periods of highest demand. For example, the capacity price paid differs depending on whether the relevant hour is a “peak”“on-peak” hour, a “shoulder-peak”“mid-peak” hour or an “off-peak” hourshour (it being highest for the peak houron-peak hours and lowest for the off-peak hour)hours) and the capacity price paid is highest during the months of January, July and August when electricity usage is highest due to weather conditions. TheOther than subject to the aforementioned variations, the same capacity pricing mechanism applies to all generation units regardless of fuel types used.
Following the suspension of the plan to form separate distribution subsidiaries through privatization (see “—Restructuring of the Electric Power Industry in Korea—Suspension of the Plan to Form and Privatize Distribution Subsidiaries”), there was a discussion of replacing the current cost-based pool system with a more market-oriented system known as a two-way bidding pool system. Under the two-way bidding pool system, a pool of generating companies on the supply side and a pool of retail distributors on the demand side would each make a bid based on which the electricity price will be determined, which would contrast with the current system where we have a virtual monopoly of the demand side as the purchaser and distributor of substantially all of electricity in Korea. However, we believe that due to the indefinite suspension of the restructuring plan, the two-way bidding pool system is unlikely to be adopted in the near future absent any unexpected change in government policy.
Power Trading Results
The results of power trading, as effected through the Korea Power Exchange, for our generation subsidiaries for the year ended December 31, 20122013 are as follows:
Items | Volume (Gigawatt hours) | Percentage of Total Volume (%) | Sales to KEPCO (in billions of Won) | Percentage of Total Sales (%) | Unit Price (Won/kWh) | Items | Volume (Gigawatt hours) | Percentage of Total Volume (%) | Sales to KEPCO (in billions of Won) | Percentage of Total Sales (%) | Unit Price (Won/kWh) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Generation Companies | KHNP | 148,416 | 31.5 | 6,733 | 15.8 | 45.4 | KHNP | 137,948 | 28.8 | 6,289 | 14.9 | 45.59 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KOSEP | 60,098 | 12.7 | 4,533 | 10.6 | 75.4 | KOSEP | 59,211 | 12.3 | 4,040 | 9.5 | 68.23 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KOMIPO | 50,005 | 10.6 | 5,413 | 12.7 | 108.2 | KOMIPO | 55,631 | 11.6 | 5,659 | 13.4 | 101.72 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KOWEPO | 54,094 | 11.5 | 5,936 | 13.9 | 109.7 | KOWEPO | 55,954 | 11.7 | 5,755 | 13.6 | 102.86 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KOSPO | 61,041 | 12.9 | 6,937 | 16.3 | 113.7 | KOSPO | 65,685 | 13.7 | 7,136 | 16.9 | 108.64 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
EWP | 54,857 | 11.6 | 5,836 | 13.7 | 106.4 | EWP | 54,069 | 11.3 | 5,301 | 12.5 | 98.04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others(1) | 42,992 | 9.2 | 7,199 | 17.0 | 167.5 | Others(1) | 50,788 | 10.6 | 8,109 | 19.2 | 159.67 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total | 471,503 | 100.0 | 42,587 | 100.0 | 90.3 | Total | 479,287 | 100.0 | 42,288 | 100.0 | 88.23 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Energy Sources | Nuclear | 143,453 | 30.4 | 5,682 | 13.3 | 39.6 | Nuclear | 132,396 | 27.6 | 5,179 | 12.2 | 39.12 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bituminous coal | 184,485 | 39.1 | 12,238 | 28.7 | 66.3 | Bituminous coal | 186,886 | 39.0 | 10,972 | 26.1 | 58.71 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Anthracite coal | 8,015 | 1.7 | 833 | 2.0 | 103.9 | Anthracite coal | 7,367 | 1.5 | 676 | 1.6 | 91.73 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oil | 14,516 | 3.1 | 3,673 | 8.6 | 253.0 | Oil | 14,750 | 3.1 | 3,271 | 7.8 | 221.78 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
LNG | 3,763 | 0.8 | 791 | 1.9 | 210.1 | LNG | 4,462 | 0.9 | 1,040 | 2.5 | 215.31 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Combined-cycle | 101,355 | 21.5 | 16,888 | 39.7 | 166.6 | Combined-cycle | 115,420 | 24.1 | 18,238 | 43.4 | 158.52 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hydro | 3,346 | 0.7 | 605 | 1.4 | 181.0 | Hydro | 3,558 | 0.7 | 608 | 1.4 | 170.92 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pumped-storage | 3,631 | 0.8 | 809 | 1.9 | 222.9 | Pumped-storage | 4,086 | 0.9 | 835 | 2.0 | 204.42 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 8,939 | 1.9 | 1,068 | 2.5 | 119.4 | Others | 10,361 | 2.2 | 1,469 | 3.0 | 120.62 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 471,503 | 100.0 | 42,587 | 100.0 | 90.3 |
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Total | 479,287 | 100.0 | 42,288 | 100.0 | 88.23 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Load | Base load | 332,456 | �� | 70.5 | 18,200 | 42.7 | 57.7 | Base load | 323,099 | 67.4 | 16,442 | 38.9 | 50.89 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-base load | 139,047 | 29.5 | 24,387 | 57.3 | 175.4 | Non-base load | 156,188 | 32.6 | 25,846 | 61.1 | 165.48 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total | 471,503 | 100.0 | 42,587 | 100.0 | 90.3 | Total | 479,287 | 100.0 | 42,288 | 100.0 | 88.23 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Note:
(1) | Others represent independent power producers that trade electricity through the cost-based pool system of power trading (excluding independent power producers that supply electricity under power purchase agreements with us). |
Power Purchased from Independent Power Producers Under Power Purchase Agreements
In 2012,2013, we purchased an aggregate of 17,40016,892 gigawatt hours of electricity generated by independent power producers under existing power purchase agreements. These purchases were made outside of the cost-based pool system of power trading. These independent power producers had an aggregate generatinggeneration capacity of 4,6504,268 megawatts as of December 31, 2012.2013.
Power Generation
As of December 31, 2012,2013, we and our generation subsidiaries had a total of 563598 generation units, including nuclear, thermal, hydroelectric and internal combustion units, representing total installed generatinggeneration capacity of 68,84870,845 megawatts. Our thermal units produce electricity using steam turbine generators fired by coal, oil and LNG. Our internal combustion units use oil or diesel-fired gas turbines and our combined-cycle units are primarily LNG-fired. We also purchase power from several generation plants not owned by our generation subsidiaries.
The table below sets forth as of and for the year ended December 31, 20122013 the number of units, installed capacity and the average capacity factor for each type of generating facilities owned by our generation subsidiaries.
Number of Units | Installed Capacity(1) | Average Capacity Factor(2) | Number of Units | Installed Capacity(1) | Average Capacity Factor(2) | |||||||||||||||||||
(Megawatts) | (Percent) | (Megawatts) | (Percent) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Nuclear | 23 | 20,716 | 82.3 | 23 | 20,716 | 75.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Thermal: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Coal | 51 | 24,534 | 91.7 | 51 | 24,534 | 93.6 | ||||||||||||||||||
Oil | 16 | 3,950 | 38.9 | 16 | 3,950 | 40.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
LNG | 4 | 888 | 40.2 | 4 | 888 | 45.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Total thermal | 71 | 29,372 | 83.1 | 71 | 29,372 | 85.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Internal combustion | 206 | 367 | 35.4 | 208 | 330 | 23.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Combined-cycle | 109 | 12,936 | 65.1 | 107 | 14,886 | 63.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Hydro | 69 | 5,330 | 10.4 | 71 | 5,334 | 12.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Wind | 31 | 70 | 20.1 | 40 | 94 | 17.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Solar | 50 | 51 | 12.4 | 70 | 70 | 13.6 | ||||||||||||||||||
Fuel cell | 4 | 6 | 78.1 | 7 | 14 | 66.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Biogas | 1 | 30 | 45.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Total | 563 | 68,848 | 72.4 | 598 | 70,845 | 71.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Notes:
(1) | Installed capacity represents the level of output that may be sustained continuously without significant risk of damage to plant and equipment. |
(2) | Average capacity factor represents the total number of kilowatt hours of electricity generated in the indicated period divided by the total number of kilowatt hours that would have been generated if the generation units were continuously operated at installed capacity, expressed as a percentage. |
The expected useful life of a unit, assuming no substantial renovation, is approximately as follows: nuclear, over 40 years; thermal, over 30 years, respectively;years; internal combustion, over 25 years; and hydroelectric, over 55 years. Substantial renovation can extend the useful life of thermal units by up to 20 years.
We seek to achieve efficient use of fuels and diversification of generatinggeneration capacity by fuel type. In the past, we relied principally upon oil-fired thermal generation units for electricity generation. Since the oil shock in 1974, however, Korea’s power development plans have emphasized the construction of nuclear generation units. While nuclear units are more expensive to construct than non-nuclearthermal generation units of comparable capacity, nuclear fuel is less expensive than fossil fuels in terms of electricity output per unit cost. However, efficient operation of nuclear units requires that such plants be run continuously at relatively constant energy output levels. As it is impractical to store large quantities of electrical energy, we seek to maintain nuclear power production capacity at approximately the level at which demand for electricity is continuously stable. During those times when actual demand exceeds the usual level of electricity supply from nuclear power, we rely on units fired by fossil fuels and hydroelectric units, which can be started and shut down more quickly and efficiently than nuclear units, to meet the excess demand. Bituminous coal is currently the least expensive thermal fuel per kilowatt-hour of electricity produced, and therefore we seek to maximize the use of bituminous coal for generation needs in excess of the stable demand level, except for meeting short-term surges in demand which require rapid start-up and shutdown. Thermal units fired by LNG, hydroelectric units and internal combustion units are the most efficient types of units for rapid start-ups and shutdowns, and therefore we use such units principally to meet short-term surges in demand. Anthracite coal is a less efficient fuel source than bituminous coal in terms of electricity output per unit cost.
Our generation subsidiaries have constructed and recommissioned thermal and internal combustion units in order to help meet power demand. Subject to market conditions, our generation subsidiaries plan to continue to
add additional thermal and internal combustion units. These units generally take less time to complete construction than nuclear units.
The high average age of our oil-fired thermal units is attributable to our reliance on oil-fired thermal units as the primary means of electricity generation until mid-1970s. Since then, we have diversified our fuel sources and constructed relatively few oil-fired thermal units compared to units of other fuel types.
The table below sets forth, for the periods indicated, the amount of electricity generated by facilities linked to our grid system and the amount of power used or lost in connection with transmission and distribution.
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | % of 2012 Gross Generation(1) | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | % of 2013 Gross Generation(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in gigawatt hours, except percentages) | (in gigawatt hours, except percentages) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electricity generated by generation subsidiaries: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electricity generated by us and our generation subsidiaries: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nuclear | 150,958 | 147,771 | 148,596 | 154,723 | 150,327 | 29.8 | 147,771 | 148,596 | 154,723 | 150,327 | 138,784 | 26.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Thermal: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Coal | 174,156 | 193,803 | 198,287 | 199,516 | 198,715 | 39.4 | 193,803 | 198,287 | 199,516 | 199,329 | 201,119 | 38.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oil | 7,981 | 11,970 | 10,874 | 9,456 | 14,188 | 2.8 | 11,970 | 10,874 | 9,456 | 13,553 | 13,941 | 2.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
LNG | 1,518 | 762 | 2,288 | 2,233 | 3,256 | 0.6 | 762 | 2,288 | 2,233 | 3,453 | 2,950 | 0.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total thermal | 183,655 | 206,535 | 211,449 | 211,205 | 216,159 | 42.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Internal combustion | 503 | 697 | 731 | 821 | 692 | 0.1 | 697 | 731 | 821 | 752 | 741 | 0.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Combined-cycle | 55,909 | 47,580 | 70,081 | 71,668 | 75,733 | 15.0 | 47,580 | 70,081 | 71,668 | 75,751 | 85,703 | 16.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hydro | 3,836 | 4,091 | 4,393 | 4,815 | 5,051 | 1.0 | 4,091 | 4,393 | 4,815 | 5,140 | 5,679 | 1.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Wind | 53 | 82 | 91 | 117 | 128 | 0.02 | 82 | 91 | 117 | 127 | 155 | 0.03 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Solar and fuel cells | 15 | 24 | 44 | 60 | 68 | 0.01 | 24 | 44 | 60 | 83 | 251 | 0.05 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total generation | 394,929 | 406,780 | 435,384 | 443,409 | 448,158 | 88.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total generation by us and our generation subsidiaries | 406,780 | 435,384 | 443,409 | 448,516 | 449,323 | 86.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Electricity generated from others: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electricity generated by IPPs: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Thermal | 25,699 | 25,274 | 37,197 | 42,240 | 54,720 | 10.8 | 25,274 | 37,197 | 42,240 | 48,043 | 54,242 | 10.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hydro and other renewable | 1,727 | 1,550 | 2,079 | 11,244 | 2,023 | 0.4 | 1,550 | 2,079 | 11,244 | 13,015 | 14,149 | 2.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total generation (others) | 27,426 | 26,824 | 39,276 | 53,484 | 56,743 | 11.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total generation by IPPs | 26,824 | 39,276 | 53,484 | 61,058 | 68,391 | 13.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Gross generation | 422,355 | 433,604 | 474,660 | 496,893 | 504,863 | 100 | 433,604 | 474,660 | 496,893 | 509,574 | 517,714 | 100 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Auxiliary use(2) | 17,374 | 18,258 | 19,372 | 19,689 | 15,740 | 2.9 | 18,258 | 19,372 | 19,689 | 20,154 | 21,303 | 4.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pumped-storage(3) | 3,243 | 3,713 | 3,663 | 4,257 | 4,789 | 0.9 | 3,713 | 3,663 | 4,257 | 4,789 | 5,408 | 1.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total net generation(4) | 401,726 | 411,631 | 451,433 | 472,947 | 484,334 | 96.1 | 411,631 | 451,625 | 472,947 | 484,631 | 491,003 | 94.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Transmission and distribution losses(5) | 16,106 | 16,770 | 18,034 | 17,430 | 17,291 | 3.6 | 16,770 | 18,034 | 17,430 | 17,292 | 18,311 | 3.73 |
IPPs = Independent power producers
Notes:
(1) | Unless otherwise indicated, percentages are based on gross generation. |
(2) | Auxiliary use represents electricity consumed by generation units in the course of generation. |
(3) | Pumped-storage represents electricity consumed during low demand periods in order to store water which is utilized to generate hydroelectric power during peak demand periods. |
(4) | Total net generation is gross generation minus auxiliary and pumped-storage use. |
(5) | Total transmission and distribution losses divided by total net generation. |
The table below sets forth our total capacity at the end of, and peak and average loads during, the indicated periods.
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Megawatts) | (Megawatts) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total capacity | 70,353 | 73,310 | 76,078 | 76,649 | 81,806 | 73,470 | 76,078 | 76,649 | 81,806 | 82,296 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Peak load | 62,794 | 66,797 | 71,308 | 73,137 | 75,987 | 66,797 | 71,308 | 73,137 | 75,987 | 76,522 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Average load | 48,082 | 49,498 | 54,185 | 56,723 | 57,601 | 49,498 | 54,185 | 56,723 | 58,012 | 58,615 |
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd.
We commenced nuclear power generation activities in 1978 when our first nuclear generation unit, Kori-1, began commercial operation. On April 2, 2001, we transferred all of our nuclear and hydroelectric power generation assets and liabilities of our thermal generation subsidiaries were transferred to KHNP.
KHNP owns and operates 23 nuclear generation units at four power plant complexes in Korea, located in Kori, Wolsong, Yonggwang (Hanbit) and Ulchin (Hanul), 50 hydroelectric generation units including 16 pumped storage hydro generation units as well as five solar generation units and one wind generation unit as of December 31, 2012.2013.
The table below sets forth the number of units and installed capacity as of December 31, 20122013 and the average capacity factor by types of generation units in 2012.2013.
Number of Units | Installed Capacity(1) | Average Capacity Factor(2) | Number of Units | Installed Capacity(1) | Average Capacity Factor(2) | |||||||||||||||||||
(Megawatts) | (Percent) | (Megawatts) | (Percent) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Nuclear | 23 | 20,716 | 82.3 | 23 | 20,716 | 75.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Hydroelectric | 50 | 5,303 | 10.7 | 50 | 5,307 | 12.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Solar | 5 | 16 | 15.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Wind | 1 | 0.8 | 6.0 | 1 | 0.8 | 7.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Solar | 5 | 16 | 13.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Total | 79 | 26,035.8 | 79 | 26,040 | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Notes:Notes:
(1) | Installed capacity represents the level of output that may be sustained continuously without significant risk of damage to plant and equipment. |
(2) | Average capacity factor represents the total number of kilowatt hours of electricity generated in the indicated period divided by the total number of kilowatt hours that would have been generated if the generation units were continuously operated at installed capacity, expressed as a percentage. |
Shin-Kori-2 and Shin-Wolsong-1, each with a 1,000 megawatt capacity, commenced commercial operation in July 2012. We are currently building five additional nuclear generation units, consisting of one unit with a 1,000 megawatt capacity and four units each with a 1,400 megawatt capacity at the Shin-Kori and Shin-UlchinShin-Hanul sites, respectively. We expect to complete these units between 20132014 and 2018. In addition, we plan to build four additional nuclear units, each with a 1,400 megawatt capacity, and two additional nuclear units, each with a 1,500 megawatt capacity at the Shin-Kori and Shin-UlchinShin-Hanul sites between 2019 and 2024.
Nuclear
The table below sets forth certain information with respect to the nuclear generation units of KHNP as of December 31, 2012.2013.
Unit | Reactor Type(1) | Reactor Design(2) | Turbine and Generation(3) | Commencement of Operations | Installed Capacity | Reactor Type(1) | Reactor Design(2) | Turbine and Generation(3) | Commencement of Operations | Installed Capacity | ||||||||||||||||||
(Megawatts) | (Megawatts) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kori-1 | PWR | W | GEC, Hitachi, D | 1978 | 587 | PWR | W | GEC, Hitachi, D | 1978 | 587 | ||||||||||||||||||
Kori-2 | PWR | W | GEC | 1983 | 650 | PWR | W | GEC | 1983 | 650 | ||||||||||||||||||
Kori-3 | PWR | W | GEC, Hitachi | 1985 | 950 | PWR | W | GEC, Hitachi | 1985 | 950 | ||||||||||||||||||
Kori-4 | PWR | W | GEC, Hitachi | 1986 | 950 | PWR | W | GEC, Hitachi | 1986 | 950 | ||||||||||||||||||
Shin-Kori-1 | PWR | D, KOPEC, W | D, GE | 2011 | 1,000 | PWR | D, KOPEC, W | D, GE | 2011 | 1,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Shin-Kori-2 | PWR | D, KOPEC, W | D, GE | 2012 | 1,000 | PWR | D, KOPEC, W | D, GE | 2012 | 1,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Wolsong-1 | PHWR | AECL | P | 1983 | 679 | PHWR | AECL | P | 1983 | 679 | ||||||||||||||||||
Wolsong-2 | PHWR | AECL, H, K | H, GE | 1997 | 700 | PHWR | AECL, H, K | H, GE | 1997 | 700 | ||||||||||||||||||
Wolsong-3 | PHWR | AECL, H | H, GE | 1998 | 700 | PHWR | AECL, H | H, GE | 1998 | 700 | ||||||||||||||||||
Wolsong-4 | PHWR | AECL, H | H, GE | 1999 | 700 | PHWR | AECL, H | H, GE | 1999 | 700 | ||||||||||||||||||
Shin-Wolsong-1 | PWR | D, KOPEC, W | D, GE | 2012 | 1,000 | PWR | D, KOPEC, W | D, GE | 2012 | 1,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Yonggwang-1 | PWR | W | W, D | 1986 | 950 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Yonggwang-2 | PWR | W | W, D | 1987 | 950 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Yonggwang-3 | PWR | H, CE, K | H, GE | 1995 | 1,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Yonggwang-4 | PWR | H, CE, K | H, GE | 1996 | 1,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Yonggwang-5 | PWR | D, CE, W, KOPEC | D, GE | 2002 | 1,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Yonggwang-6 | PWR | D, CE, W, KOPEC | D, GE | 2002 | 1,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Ulchin-1 | PWR | F | A | 1988 | 950 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Ulchin-2 | PWR | F | A | 1989 | 950 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Ulchin-3 | PWR | H, CE, K | H, GE | 1998 | 1,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Ulchin-4 | PWR | H, CE, K | H, GE | 1999 | 1,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Ulchin-5 | PWR | D, KOPEC, W | D, GE | 2004 | 1,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Ulchin-6 | PWR | D, KOPEC, W | D, GE | 2005 | 1,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hanbit-1 | PWR | W | W, D | 1986 | 950 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hanbit-2 | PWR | W | W, D | 1987 | 950 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hanbit-3 | PWR | H, CE, K | H, GE | 1995 | 1,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hanbit-4 | PWR | H, CE, K | H, GE | 1996 | 1,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hanbit-5 | PWR | D, CE, W, KOPEC | D, GE | 2002 | 1,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hanbit-6 | PWR | D, CE, W, KOPEC | D, GE | 2002 | 1,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hanul-1 | PWR | F | A | 1988 | 950 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hanul-2 | PWR | F | A | 1989 | 950 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hanul-3 | PWR | H, CE, K | H, GE | 1998 | 1,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hanul-4 | PWR | H, CE, K | H, GE | 1999 | 1,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hanul-5 | PWR | D, KOPEC, W | D, GE | 2004 | 1,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hanul-6 | PWR | D, KOPEC, W | D, GE | 2005 | 1,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total nuclear | 20,716 | 20,716 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Notes:Notes:
(1) | “PWR” means pressurized light water reactor; “PHWR” means pressurized heavy water reactor. |
(2) | “W” means Westinghouse Electric Company (U.S.A.); “AECL” means Atomic Energy Canada Limited (Canada); “F” means Framatome (France); “H” means Hanjung; “CE” means Combustion Engineering (U.S.A.); “D” means Doosan Heavy Industries; “K” means Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute. |
(3) | “GEC” means General Electric Company |
The table below sets forth the average capacity factor and average fuel cost per kilowatt for 20122013 with respect to each nuclear generation unit of KHNP.
Unit | Average Capacity Factor | Average Fuel Cost Per kWh | Average Capacity Factor | Average Fuel Cost Per kWh | ||||||||||||
(Percent) | (Won) | (Percent) | (Won) | |||||||||||||
Kori-1 | 51.0 | 5.8 | 49.9 | 5.9 | ||||||||||||
Kori-2 | 84.5 | 5.5 | 80.9 | 6.4 | ||||||||||||
Kori-3 | 78.1 | 5.1 | 100.1 | 5.3 | ||||||||||||
Kori-4 | 100.1 | 5.0 | 75.5 | 6.7 | ||||||||||||
Shin-Kori-1 | 81.2 | 5.3 | 26.6 | 12.8 | ||||||||||||
Shin-Kori-2 | 98.5 | 7.2 | 40.8 | 6.5 | ||||||||||||
Wolsong-1 | 81.0 | 7.7 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Wolsong-2 | 94.4 | 7.5 | 83.7 | 7.5 | ||||||||||||
Wolsong-3 | 90.7 | 7.8 | 92.6 | 7.4 | ||||||||||||
Wolsong-4 | 100.2 | 7.7 | 90.3 | 7.6 | ||||||||||||
Shin-Wolsong-1 | 95.7 | 5.9 | 38.1 | 8.2 | ||||||||||||
Yonggwang-1 | 92.9 | 5.8 | ||||||||||||||
Yonggwang-2 | 101.7 | 4.3 | ||||||||||||||
Yonggwang-3 | 80.1 | 5.9 | ||||||||||||||
Yonggwang-4 | 88.8 | 4.6 | ||||||||||||||
Yonggwang-5 | 72.1 | 5.4 | ||||||||||||||
Yonggwang-6 | 83.1 | 4.8 | ||||||||||||||
Ulchin-1 | 80.1 | 5.2 | ||||||||||||||
Ulchin-2 | 98.7 | 5.0 | ||||||||||||||
Ulchin-3 | 69.4 | 5.5 | ||||||||||||||
Ulchin-4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||||||||||
Ulchin-5 | 100.4 | 5.0 | ||||||||||||||
Ulchin-6 | 88.2 | 4.8 | ||||||||||||||
Hanbit-1 | 82.4 | 6.5 | ||||||||||||||
Hanbit -2 | 75.2 | 5.3 | ||||||||||||||
Hanbit -3 | 54.1 | 6.1 | ||||||||||||||
Hanbit -4 | 86.6 | 5.7 | ||||||||||||||
Hanbit -5 | 94.1 | 4.8 | ||||||||||||||
Hanbit -6 | 98.1 | 5.0 | ||||||||||||||
Hanul-1 | 85.8 | 5.7 | ||||||||||||||
Hanul-2 | 88.2 | 5.7 | ||||||||||||||
Hanul-3 | 100.0 | 5.3 | ||||||||||||||
Hanul-4 | 37.8 | 6.1 | ||||||||||||||
Hanul-5 | 85.5 | 5.6 | ||||||||||||||
Hanul-6 | 99.8 | 5.0 | ||||||||||||||
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Total nuclear | 82.3 | 5.6 | 75.5 | 6.1 | ||||||||||||
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Under extended-cycle operations, nuclear units can be run continuously for periods longer than the conventional 12-month period between scheduled shutdowns for refueling and maintenance. Since 1987, we have adopted the mode of extended-cycle operations for all of our pressurized light water reactor units and plan to use it for our newly constructed units. The average duration of shutdown for routine fuel replacement and maintenance was 52.6117.5 days except for Uljin unit-4per unit in 2013, which was shut downhigher than that for previous years due to the quality assurance-related incidents which led to a shutdown of a number of KHNP’s nuclear units from May 2013 until January 2014 (see Item 3D. “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to KEPCO—Recent findings of falsified testing results and bribery and the subsequent prolonged shutdowns of certain of our nuclear generation units may adversely hurt our reputation, business, results of operations and financial condition.”) as well as scheduled long-term maintenance.
overhauls. In addition, KHNP’s nuclear units experienced an average of 0.390.26 unplanned shutdowns per unit in 2012.2013. In the ordinary course of operations, KHNP’s nuclear units routinely experience damage and wear and tear, which are repaired during routine shutdown periods or during unplanned temporary suspensions of operations. No significant damage has occurred in any of KHNP’s nuclear reactors, and no significant nuclear exposure or release incidents have occurred at any of KHNP’s nuclear facilities since the first nuclear plant commenced operation in 1978. Beginning in November 2012, two nuclear units at Yonggwang were shut down for approximately two months pending investigation of allegations that certain parts were supplied using of fraudulent quality assurance documents. See Item 3D. “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to KEPCO—Operation of nuclear power generation facilities inherently involves numerous hazards and risks, any of which could result in a material loss of revenues or increased expenses.”
Hydroelectric
Effective January 1, 2011, pursuant to the Government’s Proposal for Improvements in the Structure of the Electric Power Industry announced onin August 25, 2010, theour five non-nuclearthermal generation companiessubsidiaries transferred
all of the assets and liabilities relating to their pumped-storage and five other hydroelectric business units to KHNP. The table below sets forth certain information, including the installed capacity as of December 31, 20122013 and the average capacity factor in 2012.2013.
Location of Unit | Number of Units | Classification | Year Built | Installed Capacity | Average Capacity Factor | Number of Units | Classification | Year Built | Installed Capacity | Average Capacity Factor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Megawatts) | (%) | (Megawatts) | (%) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hwacheon | 4 | Dam waterway | 1944 | 108.0 | 17.5 | 4 | Dam waterway | 1944 | 108.0 | 23.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chuncheon | 2 | Dam | 1965 | 62.3 | 21.2 | 2 | Dam | 1965 | 62.3 | 23.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Euiam | 2 | Dam | 1967 | 45.0 | 34.4 | 2 | Dam | 1967 | 48.0 | 31.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cheongpyung | 4 | Dam | 1943 | 139.6 | 23.6 | 4 | Dam | 1943 | 140.1 | 43.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Paldang | 4 | Dam | 1973 | 120.0 | 42.9 | 4 | Dam | 1973 | 120.0 | 44.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Seomjingang | 3 | Basin deviation | 1945 | 34.8 | 46.3 | 3 | Basin deviation | 1945 | 34.8 | 51.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Boseonggang | 2 | Basin deviation | 1937 | 4.5 | 63.9 | 2 | Basin deviation | 1937 | 4.5 | 58.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kwoesan | 2 | Dam | 1957 | 2.8 | 29.7 | 2 | Dam | 1957 | 2.6 | 58.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Anheung | 3 | Dam waterway | 1978 | 0.5 | 47.0 | 3 | Dam waterway | 1978 | 0.5 | 52.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kangreung | 2 | Basin deviation | 1991 | 82.0 | 0.0 | 2 | Basin deviation | 1991 | 82.0 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Topyeong | 1 | Dam | 2011 | 0.05 | 29.2 | 1 | Dam | 2011 | 0.05 | 44.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Muju(1) | 1 | Dam | 2003 | 0.4 | 28.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Muju(1) | 1 | Dam | 2003 | 0.4 | 17.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sancheong(1) | 1 | Dam | 2001 | 1.0 | 36.0 | 1 | Dam | 2001 | 1.0 | 42.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yangyang(1) | 2 | Dam | 2005 | 1.4 | 16.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yecheon(1) | 1 | Dam | 2011 | 0.9 | 21.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cheongpeoung(1) | 2 | Pumped Storage | 1980 | 400 | 4.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Samrangjin(1) | 2 | Pumped Storage | 1985 | 600 | 8.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Muju(1) | 2 | Pumped Storage | 1995 | 600 | 8.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sancheong(1) | 2 | Pumped Storage | 2001 | 700 | 9.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yangyang(1) | 4 | Pumped Storage | 2006 | 1,000 | 7.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cheongsong(1) | 2 | Pumped Storage | 2006 | 600 | 10.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yecheon(1) | 2 | Pumped Storage | 2011 | 800 | 11.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yangyang(1) | 2 | Dam | 2005 | 1.4 | 25.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yecheon(1) | 1 | Dam | 2011 | 1.0 | 19.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cheongpeoung(1) | 2 | Pumped Storage | 1980 | 400.0 | 6.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Samrangjin(1) | 2 | Pumped Storage | 1985 | 600.0 | 9.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Muju(1) | 2 | Pumped Storage | 1995 | 600.0 | 10.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sancheong(1) | 2 | Pumped Storage | 2001 | 700.0 | 10.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yangyang(1) | 4 | Pumped Storage | 2006 | 1,000.0 | 9.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cheongsong(1) | 2 | Pumped Storage | 2006 | 600.0 | 11.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yecheon(1) | 2 | Pumped Storage | 2011 | 800.0 | 10.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total | 50 | 5,303 | 10.7 | 50 | 5,307 | 12.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Note:
(1) | Indicates facilities that have been transferred from our five |
Solar/Wind
The table below sets forth certain information, including the installed capacity as of December 31, 20122013 and the average capacity factor in 2012,2013, regarding each solar and wind power unit of KHNP. Yecheon-units 1 and 2 began commercial operation in July 2012 and December 2012, respectively. KHNP added a 11-megawatt capacity unit to the Younggwang Solar Park, for which unit commercial operation began in November 2012.
Location of Unit | Classification | Year Built | Installed Capacity | Average Capacity Factor | Classification | Year Built | Installed Capacity | Average Capacity Factor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Megawatts) | (Percent) | (Megawatts) | (Percent) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yonggwang | Solar | 2008 | 13.9 | 13.1 | Solar | 2008 | 13.9 | 15.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yecheon | Solar | 2012 | 2.0 | 15.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kori | Wind | 2008 | 0.8 | 6.0 | Wind | 2008 | 0.8 | 7.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yecheon-1 | Solar | 2012 | 1.4 | 14.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yecheon-2 | Solar | 2012 | 0.6 | 13.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 16.7 | 16.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
K-Water (formerly Korea Water Resources Corporation), which is a Government-owned entity, assumes full control of multi-purpose dams, while KHNP maintains the dams used for power generation. Existing hydroelectric power units have exploited most of the water resources in the RepublicKorea available for commercially viable hydroelectric power generation. Consequently, we expect that no new major hydroelectric power plants will be built in the foreseeable future. Due to the ease of its start-up and shut-down mechanism, hydroelectric power generation is reserved for peak demand periods.
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd.
The table below sets forth, by fuel type, the weighted average age and installed capacity as of December 31, 20122013 and the average capacity factor and average fuel cost per kilowatt in 20122013 based upon the net amount of electricity generated, of KOSEP.
Weighted Average Age of Units | Installed Capacity | Average Capacity Factor | Average Fuel Cost per kWh | Weighted Average Age of Units | Installed Capacity | Average Capacity Factor | Average Fuel Cost per kWh | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Years) | (Megawatts) | (Percent) | (Won) | (Years) | (Megawatts) | (Percent) | (Won) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bituminous: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Samchunpo #1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 | 20.8 | 3,248 | 92.3 | 49.1 | 22.1 | 3,240 | 93.9 | 57.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yong Hung #1, 2, 3, 4 | 5.8 | 3,373 | 92.5 | 48.3 | 7.3 | 3,340 | 91.6 | 57.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yosu # 2 | 36.5 | 328.6 | 79.2 | 95.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Anthracite: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yongdong #1, 2 | 35.4 | 326 | 92.1 | 77.3 | 37.3 | 325 | 83.3 | 99.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oil-fired: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yosu #1, 2 | 35.6 | 330 | 82.2 | 74.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total thermal | 20.7 | 7,277 | 89.8 | 51.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Combined cycle and internal Combustion: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bundang gas turbine #1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8; steam turbine | 18.5 | 924 | 56.3 | 171.6 | 20.0 | 922 | 52.1 | 200.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hydro, Solar and other renewable energy | — | 70.3 | — | 149.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 19.7 | 8,201 | 87.5 | 60.6 | 21.3 | 8,226 | 86.8 | 70.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd.
The table below sets forth, by fuel type, the weighted average age and installed capacity as of December 31, 20122013 and the average capacity factor and average fuel cost per kilowatt in 20122013 based upon the net amount of electricity generated, of KOMIPO.
Weighted Average Age of Units | Installed Capacity | Average Capacity Factor | Average Fuel Cost per kWh | Weighted Average Age of Units | Installed Capacity | Average Capacity Factor | Average Fuel Cost per kWh | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Years) | (Megawatts) | (Percent) | (Won) | (Years) | (Megawatts) | (Percent) | (Won) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bituminous: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Boryeong #1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 | 17.9 | 4,000 | 88.6 | 63.5 | 18.9 | 4,000 | 95.0 | 41.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Anthracite: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Seocheon #1, 2 | 29.4 | 400 | 86.5 | 120.6 | 30.5 | 400 | 83.4 | 82.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oil-fired: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jeju #2, 3 | 12.4 | 150 | 68.4 | 289.2 | 13.5 | 150 | 72.4 | 208.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
LNG-fired: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Seoul #4, 5 | 43.0 | 388 | 48.9 | 239.0 | 44.1 | 388 | 39.5 | 209.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Incheon #1, 2 | 40.3 | 500 | 36.3 | 226.3 | 41.4 | 500 | 36.8 | 195.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total thermal | 21.4 | 5,438 | 80.3 | 95.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Combined-cycle and internal combustion: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Boryeong gas turbine #1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; steam turbine | 13.8 | 1,350 | 53.0 | 169.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Incheon gas turbine #1, 2, 3, 4; steam turbine #1, 2 | 3.8 | 1,012 | 79.4 | 150.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Boryeong gas turbine #1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ; steam turbine #1, 2, 3 | 14.8 | 1,350 | 52.4 | 143.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Incheon gas turbine #1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ; steam turbine #1, 2, 3 | 8.8 | 1,462.4 | 84.1 | 138.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sejong gas turbine #1, 2 ; steam turbine #1 | 0.1 | 530.4 | 73.6 | 78.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jeju Gas Turbine #3 | 35.1 | 55 | 0.5 | 5,124.9 | 36.1 | 55 | 0.8 | 724.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jeju Internal Combustion Engine #1,2 | 5.5 | 80 | 67.1 | 261.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jeju Internal Combustion Engine #1, 2 | 6.6 | 80 | 68.7 | 181.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Wind-powered: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yangyang #1, 2 | 7.5 | 3.0 | 19.9 | 10.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hydroelectric: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Boryeong | 4.8 | 7.5 | 28.7 | 0.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Photovoltaic (“PV”) power and fuel cell generation: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Boryeong (PV) site | 5.6 | 0.6 | 10.8 | 14.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Seocheon (PV) site | 5.9 | 1.2 | 12.6 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jeju (PV) site | 1.8 | 1.1 | 13.4 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Seoul (PV) site | 2.3 | 1.3 | 14.9 | 2.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yeosu (PV) site | 1.8 | 2.2 | 17.1 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Incheon (PV) site | 2.0 | 0.3 | 13.8 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Boryeong (fuel cell) site | 5.3 | 0.3 | 90.6 | 182.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 9.0 | 2,947 | 63.6 | 163.6 | 18.3 | 8,933 | 78.0 | 85.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Wind-powered: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yangyang #1, 2 | 6.5 | 3 | 13.5 | 184.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hydroelectric: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Boryeong | 3.8 | 7.5 | 26.7 | 62.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Photovoltaic power & Fuel Cell generation: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Boryeong (Photo) site | 4.7 | 0.6 | 12.8 | 342.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Seocheon (Photo) site | 4.9 | 1.2 | 14.2 | 413.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jeju (Photo) site | 0.8 | 1.1 | 12.2 | 171.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Seoul(Photo) site | 1.4 | 1.3 | 14.6 | 23.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yeosu(Photo) site | 0.8 | 2.2 | 14.6 | 73.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Incheon(Poto) site | 1.0 | 0.3 | 14.6 | 189.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Boryeong (fuel Cell) site | 4.3 | 0.3 | 16.0 | 275.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Photovoltaic & Fuel Cell generation | 2.1 | 7.1 | 71.5 | 189.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 17.7 | 7,953 | 74.7 | 108.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Korea Western Power Co., Ltd.
The table below sets forth, by fuel type, the weighted average age and installed capacity as of December 31, 20122013 and the average capacity factor and average fuel cost per kilowatt in 20122013 based upon the net amount of electricity generated, of KOWEPO.
Weighted Average Age of Units | Installed Capacity | Average Capacity Factor | Average Fuel Cost per kWh | Weighted Average Age of Units | Installed Capacity | Average Capacity Factor | Average Fuel Cost per kWh | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Years) | (Megawatts) | (Percent) | (Won) | (Years) | (Megawatts) | (Percent) | (Won) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bituminous: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Taean #1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 | 12.4 | 4,000 | 93.2 | 49.2 | 13.4 | 4,000 | 96.7 | 41.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oil-fired: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pyeongtaek #1, 2, 3, 4 | 31.1 | 1,400 | 29.3 | 204.1 | 32.1 | 1,400 | 30.0 | 189.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total thermal | 17.2 | 5,400 | 76.6 | 65.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Combined cycle: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pyeongtaek | 20.5 | 480 | 36.3 | 172.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pyeongtaek #1, 2 | 11.0 | 964 | 36.2 | 175.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gunsan | 3.6 | 718.4 | 85.1 | 133.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
West Incheon | 20.5 | 1,800 | 79.7 | 142.6 | 21.5 | 1,800 | 80.7 | 140.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gunsan | 2.6 | 718.4 | 88.8 | 135.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total combined-cycle | 16.2 | 2,998.4 | 74.9 | 143.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hydroelectric: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Taean | 5.3 | 2.2 | 22.8 | — | 6.3 | 2.2 | 21.7 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total hydroelectric | 5.3 | 2.2 | 22.8 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Solar: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Taean | 7.4 | 0.1 | 12.4 | — | 8.4 | 0.1 | 12.7 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Taean2 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 12.8 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Taean 2 | 1.9 | 0.6 | 14.0 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gunsan | 2.5 | 0.3 | 14.0 | — | 3.5 | 0.3 | 14.8 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Samryangjin | 5.1 | 3.0 | 14.6 | — | 6.1 | 3.0 | 14.7 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sejong City | 0.5 | 5.0 | 12.8 | — | 1.5 | 4.9 | 14.8 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total solar | 2.2 | 9.0 | 14.0 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gyeonggi-do | 0.7 | 2.5 | 13.5 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yeongam | 0.8 | 13.3 | 16.4 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 16.8 | 8,409.5 | 76.0 | 93.1 | 16.9 | 8,909 | 76.2 | 87.03 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd.
The table below sets forth, by fuel type, the weighted average age and installed capacity as of December 31, 20122013 and the average capacity factor and average fuel cost per kilowatt in 20122013 based upon the net amount of electricity generated, of KOSPO.
Weighted Average Age of Units | Installed Capacity | Average Capacity Factor | Average Fuel Cost per kWh | Weighted Average Age of Units | Installed Capacity | Average Capacity Factor | Average Fuel Cost per kWh | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Years) | (Megawatts) | (Percent) | (Won) | (Years) | (Megawatts) | (Percent) | (Won) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bituminous: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hadong #1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 | 12 | 4,000 | 100.8 | 49.2 | 12.3 | 4,000 | 95.0 | 40.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oil-fired: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Youngnam #1, 2 | 41.5 | 400 | 36.5 | 235.5 | 41.9 | 400 | 33.2 | 214.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nam Jeju #3, 4 | 6.5 | 200 | 78.2 | 244.9 | 7.0 | 200 | 74.9 | 209.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total thermal | 14.3 | 4,600 | 94.3 | 62.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Combined cycle: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shin Incheon #9, 10, 11, 12 | 16.7 | 1,800 | 78.2 | 141.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shin Incheon #1, 2, 3, 4 | 17.2 | 1,800 | 83.4 | 139.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Busan #1, 2, 3, 4 | 9.5 | 1,800 | 85.9 | 137.3 | 10.2 | 1,800 | 91.4 | 133.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yeongwol #1 | 2.3 | 848 | 58.8 | 144.7 | 3.6 | 848 | 60.9 | 139.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hallim | 16.5 | 105 | 13.1 | 278.8 | 17.5 | 105 | 14.9 | 305.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total combined cycle | 11.1 | 4,553 | 75.8 | 140.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Internal combustion: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nam Jeju | 22.3 | 40 | 14.2 | 223.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total internal combustion | 22.3 | 40 | 14.2 | 223.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Wind power: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hankyung | 6.9 | 21 | 23.9 | 0.8 | 7.2 | 21 | 28.7 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Seongsan | 3.3 | 20 | 26.1 | 0.6 | 4.2 | 20 | 29.9 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total wind power | 5.1 | 41 | 25.0 | 0.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Solar | 2.2 | 6 | 13.5 | 0.1 | 3.2 | 6 | 13.7 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
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|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 12.7 | 9,240 | 84.7 | 96.3 | 13.2 | 9,200 | 84.5 | 92.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd.
The table below sets forth, by fuel type, the weighted average age and installed capacity as of December 31, 20122013 and the average capacity factor and average fuel cost per kilowatt in 20122013 based upon the net amount of electricity generated, of EWP.
Weighted Average Age of Units | Installed Capacity | Average Capacity Factor | Average Fuel Cost per kWh | |||||||||||||
(Years) | (Megawatts) | (Percent) | (Won) | |||||||||||||
Bituminous: | ||||||||||||||||
Dangjin #1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,7,8 | 9.5 | 4,000 | 95.6 | 63.3 | ||||||||||||
Honam #1, 2 | 39.8 | 500 | 80.8 | 84.4 | ||||||||||||
Anthracite: | ||||||||||||||||
Donghae #1, 2 | 13.8 | 400 | 88.2 | 101.0 | ||||||||||||
Oil-fired: | ||||||||||||||||
Ulsan #1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 | 36.7 | 1,800 | 40.3 | 236.3 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
| |||||||||
Total thermal | 24.89 | 6,700 | 76.2 | 67.8 | ||||||||||||
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|
| |||||||||
Combined cycle: | ||||||||||||||||
Ulsan gas turbine #1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; steam turbine #1, 2, 3 | 15.9 | 1,200 | 66 | 162.1 | ||||||||||||
Ilsan gas turbine #1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; steam turbine #1, 2 | 17.3 | 900 | 50.8 | 198.4 | ||||||||||||
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|
| |||||||||
Total combined-cycle and internal combustion | 16.6 | 2,100 | 58.3 | 175.4 | ||||||||||||
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| |||||||||
Dangjin (Mini hydro) | 3.0 | 5.0 | 64.0 | 84.4 | ||||||||||||
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| |||||||||
Total Mini hydro | 3.0 | 5.0 | 64.0 | 84.4 | ||||||||||||
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| |||||||||
Dangjin (Photovoltaic) | 2.0 | 1.0 | 14.4 | 157.6 | ||||||||||||
Ulsan (Photovoltaic) | 1.0 | 0.5 | 14.2 | 161.7 | ||||||||||||
Kwangyang (Photovoltaic) | 1.1 | 2.3 | 12.2 | 125.8 | ||||||||||||
Dangjin Waste Treatment Facility (Photovoltaic) | 1.0 | 1.3 | 12.1 | 113.7 | ||||||||||||
Donghae (Photovoltaic) | 6.0 | 1.0 | 12.8 | 732.5 | ||||||||||||
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| |||||||||
Total Photovoltaic | 2.2 | 6.1 | 13.1 | 231.62 | ||||||||||||
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| |||||||||
Ilsan #1 (Fuel Cell) | 3.1 | 2.4 | 64.3 | 271.7 | ||||||||||||
Ilsan # 2 (Fuel Cell) | 1.1 | 2.8 | 87.7 | 226.6 | ||||||||||||
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| |||||||||
Total Fuel Cell | 2.1 | 5.2 | 76.9 | 244.0 | ||||||||||||
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| |||||||||
Total | 9.8 | 8,816.3 | 74.5 | 107.4 | ||||||||||||
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|
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Weighted Average Age of Units | Installed Capacity | Average Capacity Factor | Average Fuel Cost per kWh | |||||||||||||
(Years) | (Megawatts) | (Percent) | (Won) | |||||||||||||
Bituminous: | ||||||||||||||||
Dangjin #1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,7,8 | 9.5 | 4,000 | 78.3 | 39.5 | ||||||||||||
Honam #1, 2 | 40.8 | 500 | 87.9 | 60.2 | ||||||||||||
Anthracite: | ||||||||||||||||
Donghae #1, 2 | 14.8 | 400 | 78.3 | 61.7 | ||||||||||||
Oil-fired: | ||||||||||||||||
Ulsan #1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 | 46.7 | 1,800 | 43.4 | 194.4 | ||||||||||||
Combined cycle: | ||||||||||||||||
Ulsan gas turbine #1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; steam | 16.9 | 1,686 | 49.0 | 153.4 | ||||||||||||
Ilsan gas turbine #1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; steam | 18.3 | 900 | 49.7 | 175.2 | ||||||||||||
Mini hydro: | ||||||||||||||||
Dangjin | 4.0 | 5.0 | 62.7 | — | ||||||||||||
Photovoltaic: | ||||||||||||||||
Dangjin | 3.0 | 1.0 | 14.6 | — | ||||||||||||
Ulsan | 2.0 | 0.5 | 13.3 | 1.8 | ||||||||||||
Kwangyang | 2.1 | 2.3 | 12.4 | 3.1 | ||||||||||||
Dangjin Storage Facility | 1.0 | 0.7 | 14.2 | — | ||||||||||||
Dangjin Floating System | 0.5 | 1.0 | 14.6 | — | ||||||||||||
Dangjin Waste Treatment Facility | 2.0 | 1.3 | 11.6 | — | ||||||||||||
Donghae | 7.0 | 1.0 | 12.6 | 1.0 | ||||||||||||
Fuel cell: | ||||||||||||||||
Ilsan # 1 | 4.1 | 2.4 | 83.8 | 171.7 | ||||||||||||
Ilsan # 2 | 2.1 | 2.8 | 73.6 | 189.7 | ||||||||||||
Ilsan # 3 | 0.8 | 2.8 | 77.1 | 176.5 | ||||||||||||
Ulsan | 0.2 | 2.8 | 24.9 | 115.0 | ||||||||||||
Wind Power: | ||||||||||||||||
YeongGwang Jisan | 1.2 | 3.0 | 11.6 | 153.4 | ||||||||||||
Biomass: | ||||||||||||||||
Donghae | 0.5 | 30.0 | 82.4 | 175.2 | ||||||||||||
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Total | 8.0 | 9,342.6 | 71.4 | 2.9 | ||||||||||||
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Power Plant Remodeling and Recommissioning
Our generation subsidiaries supplement power generation capacity through remodeling or recommissioning of thermal units. Recommissioning includes installation of anti-pollution devices, modification of control systems and overall rehabilitation of existing equipment. The following table shows recent remodeling and recommissioning initiatives by our generation subsidiaries.
Power Plant | Capacity | Completed (Year) | Extension | Company | ||||
Taean #1-8 |
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EP | Anti-pollution | KOWEPO | ||||
Pyeongtaek #1-4 | 1,400 MW
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performance- | |||||
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Boryeong #1-8 | 4,000 MW
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Control System upgrade (#6, 2011, #3,5, 2012) |
| KOMIPO | ||||
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Incheon CC #2 | 508.9 MW (gas turbines 164 MW (steam turbines 181 MW | SCR(2) : 2012 | Anti-pollution | KOMIPO | ||||
| 350 MW | 2016 | 30 years | KOSEP | ||||
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Yonghung #5-6 |
(870 | 2014 | 30 years | KOSEP | ||||
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Notes:
(1) | “ |
(2) | “SCR” means a selective catalytic reduction |
Transmission and Distribution
We currently transmit and distribute substantially all of the electricity in Korea.
In July 2004, the Government adopted the Community Energy System to enable regional districts to source electricity from independent power producers to supply electricity without having to undergo the cost-based pool system used by our generation subsidiaries and most independent power producers to distribute electricity nationwide. A supplier of electricity under the Community Energy System must be authorized by the Korea Electricity Commission and be approved by the minister of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy in accordance with the Electricity Business Act. The purpose of this system is to decentralize electricity supply and thereby reduce transmission costs and improve the efficiency of energy use. These entities do not supply
electricity on a national level but are licensed to supply electricity on a limited basis to their respective districts under the Community Energy System. As of March 31, 2013, 14 districts were using this system. The generation capacity installed or under construction of the electricity suppliers in these 14 districts amounted to approximately 1% of the aggregate generation capacity of our generation subsidiaries as of March 31, 2013. Since the introduction of the Community Energy System in 2004, a total of 31 districts have obtained the license to supply electricity through the Community Energy System, but 17 of such districts have reportedly abandoned plans to adopt the Community Energy System, largely due to the relatively high level of capital expenditure required, the rise in fuel costs and the lower-than-expected electricity output per cost. However, if the Community Energy System is widely adopted, it will erode our currently dominant market position in the generation and distribution of electricity in Korea, and may have a material adverse effect on our business, growth, revenues and profitability.
The table below sets forth as of December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012 and March 31, 2013, the number of districts with government permits to participate in the Community Energy Supply, the number of apartments in such districts and generating capacity to be installed.
As of the date specified below | Number of Districts with Permit to Participate | Number of Apartments | Generating Capacity | |||||||||
(in thousands) | (Megawatts) | |||||||||||
December 31, 2010(1) | 31 | 320 | 1,474 | |||||||||
December 31, 2011(1) | 31 | 320 | 1,474 | |||||||||
December 31, 2012(2) | 15 | 130 | 608 | |||||||||
March 31, 2013(3) | 14 | 110 | 488 |
Note:
As of December 31, 2012,2013, our transmission system consisted of 31,62232,249 circuit kilometers of lines of 765 kilovolts and others including high voltagehigh-voltage direct current lines, and we had 768790 substations with an aggregate installed transformer capacity of 271,247279,520 megavolt-amperes.
As of December 31, 2012,2013, our distribution system consisted of 104,082105,740 megavolt-amperes of transformer capacity and 8,583,4238,698,776 units of support with a total line length of 442,641449,683 circuit kilometers.
In recent years, we have made substantial investments in our transmission and distribution systems to increase geographic coverage and improve efficiency. Our current projects principally focus on increasing capabilities of the existing lines and reducing our transmission and distribution loss, which was 3.6%3.73% of our gross generation in 2012.2013. In light of the increased damage to large-scale transmission and distribution facilities, we plan to reinforce stability of our transmission and distribution facilities through stricter design and material specifications. In addition, we also plan to expand underground transmission and distribution facilities to meet customer demand for more environment-friendly facilities. In order to reduce the interruption time in power distribution, which is an indicator of the quality of electricity transmission, we are also continuing to invest in upgrading our evaluation technologies, automation of electricity transmission and development of new transmission technologies.technologies, among others.
In particular, as part of our overall business strategy, we are currently developing, or seek to develop, an intelligent power transmission and distribution network, or “smart grids,” based on advanced information technology, in order to promote a more efficient allocation and use of electricity by consumers, a superconductingconsumers. We expect that
such technology that will improve efficiency in the transmission of electricity over such network and localized “high-voltage direct current” technology that will reduce electricity loss over the course of electricity transmission and distribution. See “—Strategy.” In July 2012, the Government implemented a master plan to build out a smart grid, which includeincludes the Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) road map as further described in “—Overview—Recent Developments—Implementation of the Advanced Metering Infrastructure”.(“AMI”) roadmap. In accordance with such plan, we will install “smart meters” and related communication networks and operating systems for 22 million households as part of the “smart grid” initiative in an effort to reduce nationwideenhance efficiency in the power electricity consumptionindustry and alleviate growing energy shortage concerns. Smart meters refer to digital meters that record, on a real-time basis, electricity consumption within a household and the effective tariff rate at the time of electricity usage so that consumers will have a price-based incentive to enhance efficiency in their electricity usage. On the other hand, the smart grid refers to the next-generation network for electricity distribution that integrates information technology into the existing power grid with the aim of enabling two-way real time exchange of information between electricity suppliers and consumers for optimal efficiency in electricity use. The smart grid project is scheduled to be completed in 2030, and the AMI project is currently scheduled to be completed in 2020. We expect that the smart grid initiative would significantly increase efficient energy consumption by providingreal-time data to customers, which would in turn help to reduce greenhouse gas emission and decrease Korea’s reliance on foreign energy sources. As of December 31, 2012,2013, we have installed 3.82.5 million smart meter units, and plan to install an additional 3.22.3 million units in 2013.2014. The AMI project is expected to cost an additional Won 1.7 trillion by 2020.
Some of the facilities we own and use in our distribution system use rights of way and other concessions granted by municipal and local authorities in areas where our facilities are located. These concessions are generally renewed upon expiration.
Fuel
Nuclear
Uranium, the principal fuel source for nuclear power, accounted for 34.1%34.9%, 34.9%33.5% and 33.6%30.9% of our fuel requirements for electricity generation in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, respectively.
All uranium ore concentrates are imported from, and conversion and enrichment of such concentrates are provided by, sources outside Korea and are paid for with currencies other than Won, primarily in U.S. dollars.
In order to ensure stable supply, KHNP enters into long-term and medium-term contracts with various suppliers and supplements such supplies with purchases in spot markets. In 2012,2013, KHNP purchased 100%, or approximately 4,4324,238 tons, of its uranium concentrate requirement under both long-term and spot supply contracts with suppliers in Australia, Canada,the United Kingdom, Kazakhstan, France, Germany, Russia, Kazakhstan, the United StatesNiger, Canada, Japan and Niger.Australia. Under the long-term supply contracts, the purchase prices of uranium concentrates are adjusted annually based on base prices and spot market prices prevailing at the time of actual delivery. The conversion and enrichment services of uranium concentrates are provided by suppliers in Canada, France, Germany, Japan, China, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States. A Korean supplier typically provides fabrication of fuel assemblies. Except for certain fixed contract prices, contract prices for processing of uranium are adjusted annually in accordance with the general rate of inflation. KHNP intends to obtain its uranium requirements in the future, in part, through purchases under medium- to long-term contracts and, in part, through spot market purchases.
Coal
Bituminous coal accounted for 43.6%43.1%, 43.1%42.5% and 42.2%43.0% of our fuel requirements for electricity generation in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, respectively, and anthracite coal accounted for 1.9%, 1.9%2.0% and 2.0%1.8% of our fuel requirements for electricity generation in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, respectively.
In 2012,2013, our generation subsidiaries purchased approximately 78.679.5 million tons of bituminous coal, of which approximately 43.6%41.6%, 33.4%38.2%, 5.7%9.5%, 5.2%9.5% and 12.1%1.2% were imported from Indonesia, Australia, the United States, Russia, and others, respectively. Approximately 80.3%89.0% of the bituminous coal requirements of our generation
subsidiaries in 20122013 were purchased under long-term contracts with the remaining 19.7%11.0% purchased in the spot market. Some of our long-term contracts relate to specific generating plants and extend through the end of the projected useful lives of such plants, subject in some cases to periodic renewal. Pursuant to the terms of ourlong-term supply contracts, prices are adjusted annuallyperiodically based on market conditions. The average cost of bituminous coal per ton purchased under such contracts amounted to Won 107,413,116,073, Won 116,073113,705 and Won 113,70594,217 in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, respectively. Due to price increases as well as increased shipping cost for bituminous coal, our generation subsidiaries may not be able to secure their respective bituminous coal supply at prices comparable to those of prior periods. See Item 3D. “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to KEPCO—Increases in fuel prices will adversely affect our results of operations and profitability, as we may not be able to pass on the increased cost to consumers at a sufficient level or on a timely basis.”
In 2012,2013, our generation subsidiaries purchased approximately 1.30.8 million tons of anthracite coal. The prices for anthracite coal under such contracts are set by the Government. The average cost of anthracite coal per ton purchased under such contracts was Won 130,836,136,471, Won 136,471141,669 and Won 141,669126,425 in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, respectively.
Oil
Oil accounted for 2.7%2.4%, 2.4%3.2% and 3.5%3.3% of our fuel requirements for electricity generation in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, respectively.
In 2012,2013, our generation subsidiaries purchased approximately 16.721.7 million barrels of fuel oil, substantially all of which 42.6% was purchased from domestic refiners and the remainder from foreign sources, in each case, through competitive open bidding. Purchase prices are based on the spot market price in Singapore. The average cost per barrel was Won 98,023,128,395, Won 128,395139,204 and Won 139,204123,402 in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, respectively.
LNG
LNG accounted for 16.6%16.7%, 16.7%17.7% and 17.6%19.7% of our fuel requirements for electricity generation in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, respectively. In 2012,2013, for use in electricity generation we purchased approximately 11.312.3 million tons of LNG from Korea Gas Corporation, a Government-controlled entity in which we currently own a 24.5% equity interest. In 2013, we purchased all of our LNG requirements for use in power generation from Korea Gas Corporation. Under the terms of the LNG contract with Korea Gas Corporation, our annual minimum purchase quantity is determined by our negotiations with Korea Gas Corporation, subject to the Government’s approval, and may be adjusted through negotiations between the parties. Under this contract, all of our five non-nuclearthermal generation subsidiaries were jointly and severally obligatedagreed to purchase a total of 10.311.4 million tons of LNG in 2012,2013, subject to an automatic price adjustment annually based on a pre-determined formula if the actual purchased amount exceeds or falls short of the contracted amount. In addition, the annual purchase quantity of LNG to be purchased from Korea Gas Corporation will exclude any amount of LNG purchased from a source other than Korea Gas Corporation. We believe the quantities of LNG provided under such contract will be adequate to meet the needs of our generation subsidiaries for LNG for the next several years. The LNG supply contractcontracts between our generation subsidiaries and Korea Gas Corporation generally have a term of 20 years.
The annualyears and provide for minimum purchase pricerequirements for LNG is determined by our negotiations withgeneration subsidiaries, the specific terms of which are subject to negotiation between Korea Gas Corporation subject toand our generation subsidiaries and approval by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy. Korea Gas Corporation imports LNG primarily from Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, Qatar, Oman, Australia, Egypt and Nigeria and supplies LNG to us and other Korean gas companies.Government. The average cost per ton of LNG under our contract with Korea Gas Corporation was Won 778,866,888,808, Won 888,8081,020,528 and Won 1,020,5281,002,323 in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, respectively.
Hydroelectric
As of December 31, 2012, hydroelectric units represented approximatelyHydroelectric power generation accounted for 1.1%, 1.1% and 1.3% of our total installed generating capacity.
fuel requirements for electricity generation in 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. The availability of water for hydroelectric power depends on rainfall and competing uses for available water supplies, including residential, commercial, industrial and agricultural consumption. Pumped storage enables us to increase the available supply of water for use during periods of peak electricity demand.
As of January 1, 2011, assets and liabilities relating to the pumped storage units of the five non-nuclearthermal generation subsidiaries were recognized and transferred to KHNP pursuant to the Government’s Proposal for Improvements in the Korean Electric Power Industry.
Sales and Customers
Our sales depend principally on the level of demand for electricity in Korea and the rates we charge for the electricity we sell to the end-users.
Demand for electricity in Korea grew at a compounded average rate of 4.9%4.3% per annum for the five years ended December 31, 2012.2013. According to Thethe Bank of Korea, the compounded growth rate for real gross domestic product, or GDP, was approximately 2.9%3.2% for the same period. The GDP growth rate was approximately 6.2% in 2010, approximately 3.6% in3.7%, 2.3% and 3.0% during 2011, 2012 and approximately 2.0% in 2012.2013, respectively.
The table below sets forth, for the periods indicated, the annual rate of growth in Korea’s gross domestic product, or GDP, and the annual rate of growth in electricity demand (measured by total annual electricity consumption) on a year-on-year basis.
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Growth in GDP (at 2008 constant prices) | 2.3 | % | 0.3 | % | 6.2 | % | 3.6 | % | 2.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Growth in GDP | 0.7 | % | 6.5 | % | 3.7 | % | 2.3 | % | 3.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Growth in electricity consumption | 4.5 | % | 2.4 | % | 10.1 | % | 4.8 | % | 2.5 | % | 2.4 | % | 10.1 | % | 4.8 | % | 2.5 | % | 1.8 | % |
Electricity demand in Korea varies within each year for a variety of reasons other than the general growth in GDP demand. Electricity demand tends to be higher during daylight hours due to heightened commercial and industrial activities and electricalelectronic appliance use. Due to the use of air conditioning during the summer and heating during the winter, electricity demand is higher during these two seasons than the spring or the fall. Variation in weather conditions may also cause significant variation in electricity demand.
We do not use any marketing channels, including any special sales methods, to sell electricity to our customers, other than to install electricity meters on-site and take monthly readings of such meters, based upon which invoices are sent to our customers.
Demand by the Type of Usage
The table below sets forth the consumption of electric power, and growth of such consumption on a year-on-year basis, by the type of usage (in gigawatt hours) for the periods indicated.
2008 (GWh) | YoY growth (%) | 2009 (GWh) | YoY growth (%) | 2010 (GWh) | YoY growth (%) | 2011 (GWh) | YoY growth (%) | 2012 (GWh) | YoY growth (%) | % of Total 2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Residential | 57,878 | 3.9 | 59,426 | 2.7 | 63,200 | 6.3 | 63,524 | 0.5 | 65,484 | 3.1 | 14.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial | 86,827 | 5.6 | 89,619 | 3.2 | 97,410 | 8.7 | 99,504 | 2.1 | 101,593 | 2.1 | 21.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Educational | 5,783 | 9.0 | 6,465 | 11.8 | 7,453 | 15.3 | 7,568 | 1.5 | 7,860 | 3.9 | 1.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Industrial | 203,475 | 4.4 | 207,216 | 1.8 | 232,672 | 12.3 | 251,491 | 8.1 | 258,102 | 2.6 | 55.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Agricultural | 8,869 | 8.0 | 9,671 | 9.0 | 10,654 | 10.2 | 11,232 | 5.4 | 12,776 | 13.8 | 2.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Street lighting | 2,847 | 1.9 | 2,954 | 3.8 | 3,081 | 4.3 | 3,145 | 2.1 | 3,158 | 0.4 | 0.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Overnight Power | 19,391 | (0.4 | ) | 19,122 | (1.4 | ) | 19,690 | 3.0 | 18,606 | (5.5 | ) | 17,620 | (5.3 | ) | 3.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total | 385,070 | 4.5 | 394,475 | 2.4 | 434,160 | 10.1 | 455,070 | 4.8 | 466,593 | 2.5 | 100.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Residential Commercial Educational Industrial Agricultural Street lighting Overnight Power Total 2009
(GWh) YoY
growth
(%) 2010
(GWh) YoY
growth
(%) 2011
(GWh) YoY
growth
(%) 2012
(GWh) YoY
growth
(%) 2013
(GWh) YoY
growth
(%) % of
Total
2013 59,426 2.7 63,200 6.3 63,524 0.5 65,484 3.1 65,815 0.5 13.9 89,619 3.2 97,410 8.7 99,504 2.1 101,593 2.1 102,196 0.6 21.5 6,465 11.8 7,453 15.3 7,568 1.5 7,860 3.9 7,947 1.1 1.7 207,216 1.8 232,672 12.3 251,491 8.1 258,102 2.6 265,373 2.8 55.9 9,671 9.0 10,654 10.2 11,232 5.4 12,776 13.8 13,866 8.5 2.9 2,954 3.8 3,081 4.3 3,145 2.1 3,158 0.4 3,156 (0.1 ) 0.7 19,122 (1.4 ) 19,690 3.0 18,606 (5.5 ) 17,620 (5.3 ) 16,496 (6.4 ) 3.4 394,475 2.4 434,160 10.1 455,070 4.8 466,593 2.5 474,849 1.8 100.0
The industrial sector represents the largest segment of electricity consumption in Korea. Demand for electricity from the industrial sector was 258,102265,373 gigawatt hours in 2012,2013, representing a 2.6%2.8% increase from 2011,2012, largely due to the continued export-led growth of the Korean economy. Demand for electricity from the commercial sector has increased in recent years, largely due to increased commercial activities in Korea and the rapid expansion of the service sector of the Korean economy, which has resulted in increased office building construction, office automation and use of air conditioners. Growth in the commercial sector is also attributable to the construction industry and the expansion of the leisure and distribution industries. Demand for electricity from the commercial sector, was 101,593however, remained largely stable at 102,196 gigawatt hours in 2012,2013, representing a 2.1%0.6% increase from 2011, largely as a result of the increased commercial activities in Korea, which was partially offset by weakened consumer sentiment in light of the enhanced uncertainties in the global economy.2012.
In 2012,2013, we distributed electricity to approximately 2022 million households, which represent substantially all of the households in Korea. Demand for electricity from the residential sector is largely dependent on population growth and increased use of heaters, air conditioners and other electricalelectronic appliances. Demand for electricity from the residential sector was 65,484remained relatively stable at 65,815 gigawatt hours in 2012,2013, representing a 3.1%0.5% increase compared to 2011 due to increased usage of heating and air conditioning.2012.
Demand Management
Our ability to provide an adequate supply of electricity is principally measured by the facility capacity reserve margin and the supply reserve margin. The facility capacity reserve margin represents the difference between the peak usage during a year and the installed capacity at the time of such peak usage, expressed as a percentage of such installed capacity. The supply reserve margin represents the difference between the peak usage in a year and the average available capacity at the time of such peak usage, expressed as a percentage of such peak usage. The following table sets forth our facility reserve margin and supply reserve margin for the periods indicated.
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | ||||||||||||||||
Facility reserve margin | 12.0 | % | 9.8 | % | 6.7 | % | 4.8 | % | 7.7 | % | ||||||||||
Supply reserve margin | 9.1 | % | 7.9 | % | 6.2 | % | 5.5 | % | 5.2 | % |
While the facility reserve margin increased from 2011 to 2012 due to an increase in our generation capacity, the supply reserve margin decreased in 2012 compared to 2011 because of an increase in overhaul periods for our base-load generators and an increase in demand for electricity as a result of economic recovery and extreme weather conditions in 2012.
2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||
Facility reserve margin | 10.0 | % | 6.7 | % | 4.8 | % | 7.7 | % | 7.5 | % | ||||||||||
Supply reserve margin | 7.9 | % | 6.2 | % | 5.5 | % | 5.2 | % | 5.5 | % |
While we seek to meet the growing demand for electricity in Korea primarily by continuing to expand our generatinggeneration capacity, through the addition of new generating facilities, we also implement several measures to curtail electricity consumption, especially during peak periods. We apply time-of-use rate schedules and seasonality tariff, which are structured so that higher tariffs are charged at the time and months of peak demand to select types of customers, and we also apply a progressive rate structure for the residential use of electricity. We have several demand management programs to control demand and induce power conservation during the peak hours and peak seasons such as providing incentives for reducing power consumption during peak hours.
Electricity Rates
The Electricity Business Law and the Price Stabilization Act of 1975, each as amended from time to time, prescribe the procedures for the approval and establishment of rates charged for the electricity we sell. We submit our proposals for revisions of rates or changes in the rate structure to the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy. The Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy then reviews these proposals and, uponfollowing consultation with the Electricity Rates Expert Committee of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy and the Ministry of Strategy and Finance, makes the final decision. Under the Electricity Business Law, the Korea Electricity Commission must review our proposals prior to the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy’s final decision.
Under the Electricity Business Law and the Price Stabilization Act, electricity rates are established at levels that would enable us to recover our operating costs attributable to our basic electricity generation, transmission and distribution operations as well as receive a fair investment return on capital used in those operations. For the purposes of rate approval, operating costs are defined as the sum of our operating expenses (which principally consists of cost of sales and selling and administrative expenses) and our adjusted income taxes.
Fair investment return represents an amount equal to the rate base multiplied by the rate of return. The rate base is equal to the sum of:
net utility plant in service (which is equal to utility plant minus accumulated depreciation minus revaluation reserve);
working capital for two months (equal to one-sixth of our annual operating expenses other than depreciation expenses and any other non-cash expenses);
our equity interests in generation subsidiaries; and
the portion of construction-in-progress which is charged from our retained earnings.
The amounts used for the variables in the rates are those projected by us for the periods to be covered by the rate approval. There is no provision for prior period adjustments to compensate us.
For the purpose of determining the fair rate of return, the rate base is divided into two components in proportion to our total shareholders’ equity and our total debt. The rate of return permitted in relation to the debt component of the rate base is set at a level designed to approximate the weighted average interest cost on all types of borrowing for the periods covered by the rate approval. The rate of return permitted in relation to the equity component of the rate base is set by applying the capital asset pricing model which takes account of the risk-free rate, the return on the Korea Stock Price Index, KOSPI, a Korean equity market index, and the correlation of the stock price of our company with KOSPI. In 2011,2012, the approved rate of return on the debt component of the rate base was 3.9%3.2% while the approved rate of return on the equity component of the rate base was 7.3%6.6%. As a result of such approved rates of returns, the fair rate of return in 20112012 was determined to be 5.9%4.8%. The fair rate of return for 20122013 has not yet been determined.
The Electricity Business Law and the Price Stabilization Act do not specify a basis for determining the reasonableness of our operating expenses or any other items (other than the level of the fair investment return) for the purposes of the rate calculation. However, the Government exercises substantial control over our budgeting and other financial and operating decisions.
In addition to the calculations described above, a variety of other factors are considered in setting overall tariff levels. These other factors include consumer welfare, our projected capital requirements, the effect of electricity tariff on inflation in Korea and the effect of tariff on demand for electricity.
From time to time, our actual rate of return on invested capital may differ significantly from the fair rate of return on invested capital assumed for the purposes of electricity tariff approvals, for reasons, among others, related to movements in fuel prices, exchange rates and demand for electricity that differ from what is assumed for determining our fair rate of return. For example, between 1987 and 1990, the actual rate of return was above the fair rate of return due to declining fuel costs and rising demand for electricity at a rate not anticipated for purposes of determining our fair rate of return. Similarly, depreciation of the Won against the U.S. dollar accounted for our actual rates of return being lower than the fair rate of return for the period from 1996 to 2000. For the period since 2006, our actual rates of return have been lower than the fair rate of return largely due to a general increase in fuel costs and additional facility investment costs incurred, the effects of which were not offset by timely increases in our tariff rates. Partly in response to the variance between our actual rates of return and the fair rates of return, the Government from time to time adjustsincreases the electricity tariff rates, but there typically is a significant time lag for the tariff adjustmentincreases as such adjustmentincreases requires a series of deliberative
processes and administrative procedures and the Government also has to consider other policy considerations, such as the inflationary effect of overall tariff increases and the efficiency of energy use from sector-specific tariff increases. Furthermore, there is no assurance that the tariff adjustments will have the desired effect at a level anticipated or at all, or that they will not have unintended adverse consequences.
Recent adjustmentsincreases to the electricity tariff rates by the Government involve the following, which were made principally in response to the rising fuel prices which hurt our profitability as well as to encourage a more efficient use of electricity by the different sectors:
effective August 1, 2010, a 3.5% overall increase in our average tariff rate, consisting of increases in the residential, educational, industrial, street lighting and overnight power usage tariff rates by 2.0%, 5.9%, 5.8%, 5.9% and 8.0%, while making no changes to the commercial and agricultural tariff.
effective August 1, 2011, a 4.9% overall increase in our average tariff rate, consisting of increases in the industrial, commercial, residential, educational, street lighting and overnight power usage tariff rates by 6.1%, 4.4%, 2.0%, 6.3%, 6.3% and 8.0%, while making no changes to the agricultural tariff.
effective December 5, 2011, a 4.5% overall increase in our average tariff rate, consisting of increases in the industrial, commercial, educational and street lighting tariff rates by 6.5%, 4.5%, 4.5% and 6.5%, while making no changes to the residential, agricultural and overnight power usage tariff.
effective August 6, 2012, a 4.9% overall increase in our average tariff rate, consisting of increases in the residential, commercial, educational, industrial, street lighting, agricultural and overnight power usage tariff rates by 2.7%, 4.4%, 3.0%, 6.0%, 4.9%, 3.0% and 4.9%, respectively.
effective January 14, 2013, a 4.0% overall increase in our average tariff rate, consisting of increases in the residential, commercial, industrial, educational, industrial,agricultural, street lighting agricultural and overnight power usage tariff rates by 2.0%, 4.6%, 4.4%, 3.5%, 4.4%3.0%, 5.0%, 3.0% and 5.0%, respectively.
effective November 21, 2013, a 5.4% overall increase in our average tariff rate, consisting of increases in the residential, commercial, industrial, agricultural, street lighting and overnight power usage tariff rates by 2.7%, 5.8%, 6.4%, 3.0%, 5.4% and 5.4%, respectively, while making no change to the educational tariff.
The tariff rates we charge for electricity vary among the different classes of consumers, which principally consist of industrial, commercial, residential, educational and agricultural consumers. The tariff also varies depending upon the voltage used, the season, the time of day,usage, the rate option selected by the user and, in the residential sector, the amount of electricity used per household, as well as other factors. For example, we adjust for seasonal tariff variations by applying higher rates when demand tends to rise such as during the months of June, July and August (when the demand tends to rise due to increased use of air conditioning) and November, December, January and February (when demand tends to rise due to increased use of heating), which reflects the policy of the Korean government to cope with the rise in electricity demand during peak seasons by encouraging a more efficient use of electricity by customers.
Our current tariff schedule, which became effective as of January 14,November 21, 2013, is summarized below by the type of usage:
• | Industrial. The basic charge varies from Won |
• | Commercial. The basic charge varies from Won |
• | Residential. Residential tariff includes a basic charge ranging from Won |
• | Educational. The basic charge varies from Won |
• | Agricultural. The basic charge varies from Won |
• | Street-lighting. The basic charge is Won |
In 2001, as part of implementing the Restructuring Plan, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy established the Electric Power Industry Basis Fund to enable the Government to take over certain public services previously performed by us. In 2013, 3.7% of the tariff we collected from our customers was transferred to this fund prior to recognizing our sales revenue.
Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment to the Tariff System
Further to the announcement by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy in February 2010, a new electricity tariff system went into effect on July 1, 2011. This system is designed to overhaul the prior system for determining electricity tariff chargeable to customers by more closely aligning the tariff levels to the movements in fuel prices, with the aim of providing more timely pricing signals to the market regarding the expected changes in electricity tariff levels and encouraging more efficient use of electricity by customers. Previously, the electricity tariff consisted of two components: (i) base rate and (ii) usage rate based on the cost of electricity and the amount of electricity consumed by the end-users. Under the new tariff system, the electricity tariff is also to have a third component of fuel cost pass-through adjustment (“FCPTA”)FCPTA rate, which is to be added to or subtracted from the sum of the base rate and the usage rate on a monthly basis based on the three-month average movements of coal, LNG and oil prices, which is reflected as FCPTA two months later.prices. The new tariff system is intended to provide greater financial stability and ensure a minimum return on investment to electricity suppliers, such as us. However, due to inflationary and other policy considerations relating to protecting the consumers from sudden and substantial rises in electricity tariff, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy issued a hold order on July 29, 2011 suspending our billing and collecting of the FCPTA amount. The hold order remains in effect to-date. In addition, on January 11, 2013, we were informed by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy that the fuel cost-based tariffcost pass-through adjustment system would need to be reassessed in light of the prolonged unbilled period after the announcement of such system.
There is no assurance as to when the Government will lift the hold order and allow us to bill and collect the accumulated FCPTA amount or whether the new tariff system will undergo other amendments to the effect that it will not fully cover our fuel and other costs on a timely basis or at all, or will not have unintended consequences that we are not presently aware of. Any such development may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Recent Developments—Correction of Accounting for Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment”, Item 4B. “Business Overview—Sales and Customers—Electricity Rates”, Item 4B. “—Recent Developments—Correction of Accounting for Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment,” Item 5B. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Overview”, Item 5B. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Critical Accounting Policy—Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment” and Notes 2, 15 and 36 to the notes to our consolidated annual financial statements.Adjustment.”
Power Development Strategy
We and our generation subsidiaries make plans for expanding or upgrading our generation capacity based on the Basic Plan Relating to the Long-Term Supply and Demand of Electricity, or the Basic Plan, which is announcedgenerally revised and revised generallyannounced every two years by the Government.
In February 2013, the Government announced the sixthSixth Basic Plan relating to the future supply and demand of electricity. The sixthSixth Basic Plan, which is effective for the period from 2013 to 2027, focuses on, among other
things, (i) minimizing the need to construct new generation facilities through active consumer demand management, (ii) ensuring that we maintain adequate electricity reserve appropriate to the size of the national economy and (iii) expanding our generation capacity to promote efficient supply of electricity in consideration of the stability of the national electricity grid network and the specific needs of localities. TheIn addition, while the Sixth Basic Plan did not contemplate the construction of additional nuclear plants in light of the heightened public concern over nuclear safety following the nuclear power plant meltdown in Japan in March 2011, there is no assurance that the Government may announcewill not implement a supplemental plan for the construction of additional nuclear plants which was not included in the Sixth Plan; such planfuture, which may increase the amount of our required capital expenditure.
In addition, on January 13, 2014, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy adopted the Second Basic National Energy Plan following consultations with representatives from civic groups, the power industry and academia. The Second Basic National Energy Plan, which is a comprehensive plan that covers the entire spectrum of energy industries in Korea, will cover the period from 2013 to 2035 (compared to 2008 to 2030 under the First Basic National Energy Plan) and focuses on the following six key tasks: (i) shifting the focus of energy policy to demand management with a goal of reducing electricity demand by 15% by 2035, (ii) establishing a geographically decentralized electricity generation system so as to reduce transmission losses with a goal of supplying at least 15% of total electricity through such system by 2035, (iii) applying latest greenhouse gas emission reduction technologies to newly constructed generation units in order to further promote safety and environmental friendliness, (iv) strengthening exploration and procurement capabilities to enhance Korea’s energy security and to ensure stable supply of energy and increasing the portion of electricity supplied
from renewable sources to 11% by 2035, (v) reinforcing the system for stable supply of conventional energy, such as oil and gas, and (vi) introducing in 2015 an energy voucher system in lieu of a tariff discount system for the benefit of consumers in the low income group. In addition, the Second Basic National Energy Plan contemplates revising the target level of electricity generated by nuclear sources as a percentage of total electricity generated to 29%, compared to 41% under the First Basic National Energy Plan.
We cannot assure that the sixthSixth Basic Plan, the Second Basic National Energy Plan or the respective plans to be subsequently adopted will successfully achieve their intended goals, the foremost of which is to formulate aensure, through carefully calibrated capacity expansion plan that will result inand other means, balanced overall electricity supply and demand in Korea at an affordable costcosts to the end users.users while promoting efficiency and environmental friendliness in the consumption and production of electricity. If there is a significant variance between the actual capacity expansions by us and our generation subsidiaries based on the projected electricity supply and demand considered in planning our capacity expansions and the actual electricity supply and demand or if these plans otherwise fail to meet their intended goals or have other unintended consequences, this may result in inefficient use of our capital, mispricing of electricity and undue financing costs on the part of us and our generation subsidiaries, among others, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
Capital Investment Program
The table below sets forth, for each of the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, the amounts of capital expenditures (including capitalized interest) for the construction of generation, transmission and distribution facilities.
2010 | 2011 | 2012 | ||||||
(In billions of Won) | ||||||||
₩11,414 | ₩ | 11,984 | ₩ | 13,215 |
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||
(In billions of Won) | ||||||||
₩11,984 | ₩ | 12,751 | ₩ | 15,831 |
In accordance with the sixth Basic Plan, our generation subsidiaries currently intend to add new installed capacity of 54,743 megawatts during the period from 2013 to 2027 by newly constructing 11 nuclear units, 27 coal-fired units, and 23 LNG-combined units. As currently contemplated in accordance with the sixth Basic Plan and subject to any further plan to be announced by the Government in relation to the construction of additional nuclear generation capacity which was not included in the Sixth Plan, the total capacity of all generating facilities at the end of 2027 is expected to be 130,853 megawatts, with nuclear power plants accounting for 27.4% of the total capacity. Coal-fired plants, LNG combined plants, oil-fired plants and hydroelectric and other plants are expected to account for 34.7%, 24.3%, 0.9% and 12.7%, of the total capacity, respectively. The table below sets forth the currently estimated installed capacity for new or expanded generation units to be completed by our generation subsidiaries according to the sixth Basic Plan in each year from 20132014 to 2015.2017.
Year | Number of Units | Type of Units | Total Installed Capacity | Number of Units | Type of Units | Total Installed Capacity(1) | ||||||||||||||
(Megawatts) | ||||||||||||||||||||
2013 | 2 | Nuclear power | 2,400 | |||||||||||||||||
4 | LNG-combined | 2,175 | (Megawatts) | |||||||||||||||||
2014 | 1 | Nuclear power | 1,400 | 1 | Nuclear power | 1,400 | ||||||||||||||
2 | Coal-fired | 1,540 | 2 | Coal-fired | 1,740 | |||||||||||||||
8 | LNG-combined | 6,066 | 3 | LNG-combined | 1,007 | |||||||||||||||
2015 | 2 | Coal-fired | 2,020 | 2 | Coal-fired | 2,020 | ||||||||||||||
2016 | 6 | Coal-fired | 5,470 | |||||||||||||||||
4 | LNG-combined | 3,132 | 3 | LNG-combined | 1,200 | |||||||||||||||
2017 | 1 | Nuclear power | 1,400 | |||||||||||||||||
1 | Coal-fired | 1,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
1 | LNG-combined | 900 |
From 2016 and
Note:
(1) | Does not include installed capacity for two nuclear units with an aggregate installed capacity of 2,400 megawatts that were expected to be completed in 2013 but for which construction has been delayed. |
For the period from 2018 to 2027, our generation subsidiaries currently plan to complete eightseven additional nuclear units with an aggregate installed capacity of 11,40010,000 megawatts (subject to any further plan to be announced by the Government in relation to the construction of additional nuclear generation capacity which was not included in the sixthSixth Basic Plan), 23 and four additional coal-fired units with an aggregate installed capacity of 19,700 megawatts and 7 LNG-combined units with an aggregate installed capacity of 4,9102,740 megawatts.
As part of our capital investment program, we also intend to add new transmission lines and substations, continue to replace overhead lines with underground cables and improve the existing transmission and distribution systems.
The actual number and capacity of generation units and transmission and distribution facilities we construct and the timing of such construction are subject to change depending upon a variety of factors, including, among others, changes in the Basic Plan, demand growth projections, availability and cost of financing, changes in fuel prices and availability of fuel, ability to acquire necessary plant sites, environmental considerations and community opposition.
The table below sets forth, for the yearsperiod from 20132014 to 2016,2017, the budgeted amounts of capital expenditures (including capitalized interest) for the construction of generation, transmission and distribution facilities pursuant to our capital investment program. The budgeted amounts may vary from the actual amounts of capital expenditures for a variety of reasons, including, among others, the implementation of the sixthSixth Basic Plan, changes in the number of units to be constructed, the actual timing of such construction, changes in rates of exchange between the Won and foreign currencies and changes in interest rates.
2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | Total | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in billions of Korean won) | (in billions of Won) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Generation(1): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nuclear | 5,432 | 5,526 | 6,272 | 6,843 | 24,073 | 4,844 | 5,231 | 6,137 | 6,423 | 22,634 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Thermal | 6,335 | 5,877 | 3,806 | 3,752 | 19,770 | 7,963 | 5,673 | 2,895 | 3,009 | 19,539 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Sub-total | 11,767 | 11,403 | 10,078 | 10,595 | 43,843 | 12,807 | 10,903 | 9,032 | 9,431 | 42,173 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Transmission and Distribution: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transmission | 2,222 | 2,840 | 2,550 | 1,595 | 9,207 | 2,492 | 2,441 | 2,982 | 2,324 | 10,240 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution | 2,267 | 2,422 | 2,502 | 2,078 | 9,269 | 2,509 | 2,773 | 2,553 | 2,414 | 10,249 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Sub-total | 4,489 | 5,262 | 5,052 | 3,673 | 18,476 | 5,001 | 5,214 | 5,535 | 4,739 | 20,489 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Others(2) | 3,458 | 3,711 | 3,521 | 2,864 | 13,554 | 2,090 | 2,361 | 1,772 | 1,422 | 7,646 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total | 19,714 | 20,376 | 18,651 | 17,132 | 75,873 | 19,898 | 18,479 | 16,339 | 15,592 | 70,307 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Note:Notes:
(1) | The budgeted amounts for our generation facilities are based on the |
(2) | Principally consists of investments in renewable energy generation, among others. |
We have financed, and plan to finance in the future, our capital investment programs primarily through net cash provided by our operating activities and financing in the form of debt securities and loans from domestic financial institutions, and to a lesser extent, borrowings from overseas financial institutions. In addition, in anticipation oforder to prepare for potential liquidity shortage, we and our generation subsidiaries maintain several credit facilities with domestic financial institutions in the aggregate amounts of Won 3,8162,550 billion and US$2,1854,549 million, the full amount of which was available as of December 31, 2012.2013. We, KHNP and KOWEPO also maintain global medium-term note programs in the aggregate amount of US$10 billion, of which approximately US$5.84 billion remains currently available for future drawdown. See also Item 5B. “Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capital Resources.”
Environmental Programs
The Environmental Policy Basic Act, the Air Quality Preservation Act, the Water Quality Preservation Act, the Marine Pollution Prevention Act and the Waste Management Act, collectively referred in this annual report as the Environmental Acts, are the major laws of Korea that regulate atmospheric emissions, waste water, noise and other emissions from our facilities, including power generators and transmission and distribution units. Our existing facilities are currently in material compliance with the requirements of these environmental laws and international agreements, such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants and the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and
Their Disposal. In order to foster coordination among us and our generation subsidiaries in respect of climate
change and development of renewable energy sources, we formed the Committee on Climate Change and the Committee on Renewable Energy in 2005. In 2011 the Ministry of Security and Public Administration and Safety issued guidelines for the reduction inof nationwide greenhouse gas emissions and energy conservation, pursuant to which we are intensifying our efforts to reduce the levels of carbon emission in order to help meet the national target for greenhouse gas emission reduction.
In 2005, we became the first public company in Korea to join the United Nations Global Compact, an international voluntary initiative designed to hold a forum for corporations, United Nations agencies, labor and civic groups to promote reforms in economic, environmental and social policy.policies. As part of our involvement with such initiative, since September 2005, we have issued an annual report named the “Sustainability Report” to disclose our activities from the perspectives of economy, environment and society, in accordance with the reporting guidelines of the Global Reporting Initiative, the official collaborating center of the United Nations Environment Program that works in cooperation with United Nations Secretary General. In November 2010, our report on the Communication on Progress was reviewed favorably by the United Nations Global Compact and was subsequently posted on its website in recognition of our strong commitment to compliance with the principles of United Nations Global Compact. In 2008May 2013, we obtained the Carbon Trust Standard, a certificate issued by Carbon Trust, an agency of the British government for excellence in demonstrated efforts to reduce carbon footprint. We are also a participant of the Carbon Disclosure Project, an international organization that promotes transparency in informational disclosure of carbon management process. We aim to become a global leader in carbon management and 2009, our sustainability report was selected as a notable report on Communication on Progress by the United Nations Global Compact.reduction.
Atmospheric emissions from generating plants burning fossil fuels include, among others, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide and particulates. The Environmental Acts establish emissions standards relating to, among other things, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide and particulates. Such standards have become more stringent from January 1999 to reduce the amount of permitted emissions.
The table below sets forth the number of emission control equipment installed at coal-fired power plants by our generation subsidiaries as of December 31, 2012.2013.
KOSEP | KOMIPO | KOWEPO | KOSPO | EWP | KOSEP | KOMIPO | KOWEPO | KOSPO | EWP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flue Gas Desulphurization System | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction System | — | — | — | — | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Selective Non-catalytic Reduction System | — | 2 | — | — | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Selective Catalytic Reduction System | 13 | 18 | 12 | 15 | 13 | 9 | 18 | 12 | 12 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electrostatic Precipitation System | 17 | 14 | 12 | 14 | 18 | 13 | 20 | 12 | 12 | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Low NO2 Combustion System | 16 | 28 | 26 | 30 | 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Low NO2 Combustion System | 16 | 28 | 26 | 29 | 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total | 57 | 72 | 62 | 71 | 77 | 49 | 80 | 62 | 65 | 77 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The table below sets forth the amount of annual emission from all generating facilities of our generation subsidiaries for the periods indicated. The amount of CO2 emissions may increase in 2013the near future due to the construction of additional coal thermal power plants but is expected to decrease thereafter,in the long-term, principally due to an increased use of nuclear power and renewable energy.
Year | Sox (g/MWh) | NOx (g/MWh) | Dust (g/MWh) | CO2 (kg/MWh) | Sox (g/MWh) | NOx (g/MWh) | Dust (g/MWh) | CO2 (kg/MWh) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 159 | 295 | 8 | 463 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | 148 | 284 | 8 | 464 | 148 | 284 | 8 | 464 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 165 | 297 | 8 | 471 | 165 | 297 | 8 | 471 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2013 | 155 | 283 | 7 | 487 |
In order to comply with the current and expected environmental standards and address related legal and social concerns, we intend to continue to install additional equipment, make related capital expenditures and
undertake several environmentally friendlyenvironment-friendly measures to foster community goodwill. For example, in October 2004, we and our generation subsidiaries reached an agreement with the Ministry of Environment and civic organizations to completely remove polychlorinated biphenyl, or PCB, a toxin, from the insulating oil of our transformers by 2015. In addition, when constructing certain large new transmission and distribution facilities, we assess and disclose their environmental impact at the planning stage of such construction, as well as consult
with local residents, environmental groups and technical experts to generate community support for such projects. We exercise additional caution in cases where such facilities are constructed near ecologically sensitive areas such as wetlands or preservation areas. We also make reasonable efforts to minimize any negative environmental impact, for example, by using more environmentally-friendlyenvironment-friendly technology and hardware. In addition, we also undertake measures to minimize losses during the transmission and distribution process by making our power distribution network more energy-efficient in terms of loss of power, as well as to lower consumption of energy, water and other natural resources. In addition, we and our subsidiaries have acquired the ISO 14000 certification which is an environmental management system widely adopted internationally and have made it a high priority to make our electricity generation and distribution more environmentally friendly. In 2013, we further reinforced our environmental management system by acquiring the ISO 14001 certification as well as a domestic certification of the “green management system” that relates to the management of resources, energy, green house effects and social responsibilities.
Our environmental measures, including the use of environmentally friendlyenvironment-friendly but more expensive parts and equipment and budgetingallocation of capital expenditures for the installation of such facilities, may result in increased operating costs and liquidity requirement. The actual cost of installation and operation of such equipment and related liquidity requirement will depend on a variety of factors which may be beyond our control. There is no assurance that we will continue to be in material compliance with legal or social standards or requirements in the future in relation to the environment.
As part of our long-term strategic initiatives, we plan to take other measures designed to promote the generation and use of environmentally friendly, or green, energy. See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Strategy.”
Some of our generation facilities are powered by renewable energy sources, such as solar energy, wind power and hydraulic power. While such facilities are currently insignificant as a proportion of our total generatinggeneration capacity or generation volume of our generation subsidiaries, we expect that the portion will increase in the future, especially since we are required to comply with the Renewable Portfolio standardStandard policy as described below.
The following table sets forth the generatinggeneration capacity and generation volume in 20122013 of our generation facilities that are powered by renewable energy sources.
Generating Capacity (megawatts) | Generation Volume (gigawatt-hours) | Generation Capacity (megawatts) | Generation Volume (gigawatt-hours) | |||||||||||||
Hydraulic Power | 1,261 | 4,815 | 5,334 | 5,679 | ||||||||||||
Wind Power | 70 | 117 | 94 | 155 | ||||||||||||
Solar Energy and fuel cells | 58 | 60 | ||||||||||||||
Solar Energy, Fuel Cells and Biogas | 114 | 251 | ||||||||||||||
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Subtotal | 1,389 | 4,992 | 5,542 | 6,086 | ||||||||||||
As percentage of total(1) | 2.0 | % | 1.1 | % | 7.8 | % | 1.4 | % |
Note:
(1) | As a percentage of the total |
In order to deal with shortage of fuel and other resources and also to comply with various environmental standards, in 2012 the Government has adopted the Renewable Portfolio Standard (“RPS”) policy, underprogram, which replaced the Renewable Portfolio Agreement which had been in effect from 2006 to 2011. Under the RPS program, each generation subsidiary wasis required to supply 2.0%generate a specified percentage of the total energyelectricity to be generated fromby such
generation subsidiary in a given year in the form of renewable energy, with the target percentage being 2.0% in 2012, 2.5% in 2013 and will be requiredincrementally increasing to supply 10.0% by 2022, with fines being2022. Fines are to be levied on any unit failingsubsidiary that fails to do so in the prescribed timeline. SatisfactionIn 2012, while one of our generation subsidiaries met 100% of its target, five others were unsuccessful to do so. Our six generation subsidiaries met, on average, 90.8% of the supply target for 2012 and accordingly were fined an aggregate amount of Won 23.7 billion. Compliance by our generation subsidiaries of the 2013 target is currently under evaluation, and if our generation subsidiaries are found to have failed to satisfymeet the supply target for 2013 or for subsequent years, our generation subsidiaries may become subject to fineadditional fines or other penalty although we are currently unable to predict the type or amount of fine or other penalty that will be imposed. There is no assurance that such fine or other penalty will not be substantial. If substantial, such fine or other penalty may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.penalties. The current budgeted amount of capital expenditure for implementation of the RPS as currently planned for the period from 20122013 to 2022 is approximately Won 4513.7 trillion. We expect that such additional capital expenditure willto be covered by a corresponding increase in
electricity tariff. However, there is no assurance that the Government will in fact raise the electricity tariff atto a level sufficient to fully cover such additional capital expenditures or at all.
In July 2005, nine government-invested utilities companies, including us, entered into a Renewable Portfolio Agreement (“RPA”) with the Government in orderAs to expand the generation and distribution of renewable energy. This agreement contemplates two phases of capacity build-up for the generation and distribution of renewable energy. During Phase I, which lasted from 2006 to 2008,how we made capital expenditures of Won 520.1 billion to construct renewable energy generation capacity of 184 megawatts. During Phase II, lasting from 2009 to 2011, we and our generation subsidiaries made capital expenditures of Won 920.7 billion to construct renewable energy facilities with an aggregate generation capacity of 366 megawatts. Following the completion of Phase II, the RPA arrangement was subsumed under the RPS policy.
We have financed, and plan to finance in the future, our capital investmentexpenditures related to our environmental programs, primarily through net cash provided by our operating activities and financing in the form of debt securities and loans from domestic financial institutions, and to a lesser extent, from overseas financial institutions. In addition, in anticipation of potential liquidity shortage, we maintain several credit facilities with domestic financial institutions in the aggregate amounts of Won 3,816 billion and US$2,185 million, the full amount of which was available as of December 31, 2012. We, KHNP and KOWEPO also maintain global medium-term note programs in the aggregate amount of US$10 billion, of which approximately US$5.8 billion remains currently available for future drawdown. See Item 5B. “Liquidity and see “—Capital Resources—Capital Resources.Investment Program.”
Community Programs
Building goodwill with local communities is important to us in light of concerns among the local residents and civic groups in Korea regarding construction and operation of generation units, particularly nuclear generation units. The Act for Supporting the Communities Surrounding Power Plants requires that the generation companies and the affected local governments carry out various activities up to a certain amount annually to address neighboring community concerns. Pursuant to this Act, we and our generation subsidiaries, in conjunction with the affected local and municipal governments, undertake various programs, including scholarships and financial assistance to low-income residents.
Under the Act for Supporting the Communities Surrounding Power Plants, activities required to be undertaken under the Act are funded partly by the Electric Power Industry Basis Fund (see “—Sales and Customers—Electricity Rates”) and partly by KHNP as part of its budget. KHNP is required to make annual contributions to the affected local communities in an amount equal to Won 0.25 per kilowatt hour of electricity generated by its nuclear generation units during the one-year period before the immediately preceding fiscal year and Won 5 million per thousand kWkilowatts of hydroelectric generation capacity. In addition, under Korean tax law, KHNP is required to pay local tax levied on its nuclear generation units in an amount equal to Won 0.50 per kilowatt hour of their generation volume in the affected areas and Won 2 per 10 cubecubic meters of water used for hydroelectric generation.
Prior to the construction of a generation unit, our generation subsidiaries perform an environmental impact assessment which is designed to evaluate public hazards, damage to the environment and concerns of local residents. A report reflecting this evaluation and proposing measures to address the problems identified must be submitted to and approved by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy following agreement with related administrative bodies, including the Ministry of Environment prior to the construction of the unit. Our generation subsidiaries are then required to implement the measures reflected in the approved report. Despite these activities, civic community groups may still oppose the construction and operation of generation units (including nuclear units), and such opposition could adversely impact our construction plans for generation units (including nuclear units) and have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and cash flow.
Nuclear Safety
KHNP takes nuclear safety as its top priority and continues to focus on ensuring the safe and reliable operation of nuclear power plants. KHNP also focuses on enhancing corporate ethics and transparency in the operation of its plants.
KHNP has a corporate code of ethics and is firmly committed to enhancing nuclear safety, developing new technologies and improving transparency. KHNP has also established the “Statement of Safety Policy for
Nuclear Power Plants” to ensure the highest level of nuclear safety. Furthermore, KHNP invests approximately 5% of its total annual sales into research and development for the enhancement of nuclear safety and operational performance.
KHNP implements comprehensive programs to monitor, ensure and improve safety of nuclear power plants. In order to enhance nuclear safety through risk-informed assessment, KHNP conducts probabilistic safety assessments, including for low power-shutdown states, for all its nuclear power plants. In order to systematically verify nuclear safety and identify the potential areas for safety improvements, KHNP performs periodic safety reviews on a 10-year frequency basis for all its operating units. These reviews have been completed for Kori units 1, 2, 3 and 4, YonggwangHanbit units 1, 2, 3 and 4, UlchinHanul units 1, 2, 3 and 4 and Wolsong units 1, 2, 3 and 4. Reviews for YounggwangHanbit units 5 and 6 and Hanul units 5 and 6 are in progress. In order to enhance nuclear safety and plant performance, KHNP has established a maintenance effectiveness monitoring program based on the maintenance rules issued by the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, which covers all of KHNP’s nuclear power plants in commercial operation.
KHNP has developed the Risk Monitoring System for operating nuclear power plants, which it implements in all of its nuclear power plants. The Risk Monitoring System is intended to help ensure nuclear plant safety. In addition, KHNP has developed and implemented the Severe Accident Management Guidelines and is developing the Severe Accident Management Guidelines for Low Power-Shutdown States in order to manage severe accidents for all of its nuclear power plants.
KHNP conducts various activities to enhance nuclear safety such as quality assurance audits and reviews by the KHNP Nuclear Review Board and reviews by the KHNP operational safety review team, which consists of former employees of KHNP and experts from academia and internal research institutes.Review. KHNP maintains a close relationship with international nuclear organizations in order to enhance nuclear safety. In particular, KHNP invites international safety review teams such as the World Association of Nuclear Operators (“WANO”) Peer Review Team the International Atomic Energy Agency (“IAEA”) and the Expert Mission Team to its nuclear plants for purposes of meeting international standards for independent review of its facilities. KHNP actively exchanges relevant operational information and technical expertise with its peers in other countries. For example, in June 2012, Kori 1November 2013, Wolsung 2 hosted the IAEA Expert Mission Team,WANO Peer Review and Shin-KoriHanul 3 conducted the WANO Pre-StartupFollow-up Peer Review in October 2012.February 2014. KHNP also invited the WANO Corporate Peer Review Team for the first time in November 2013. The recommendations and findings from this event were shared with KHNP’s other nuclear plants to implement improvements at such plants However, KHNP’s safety programs, even if implemented to the best of its abilities, do not necessarily assure the safety of its nuclear plants in all aspects. For example, beginning in November 2012, two nuclear units at Yonggwang were shut down for approximately two months pending investigation of allegations that certain parts were supplied using fraudulent quality certification documents. The Nuclear Safety & Security Commission established a committee comprised of government experts, civic groups and academics to evaluate parts supplied at all operating plants as well as the procurement and quality control procedures. KHNP has completed replacing all fraudulently certified parts and is implementing measures to prevent recurrence of such mishap. These measures include consolidating all procurement functions into a single organization within its headquarters and strengthening sanctions against suppliers fabricating false certification. Suppliers found to have falsified quality assurance documents in the above case were reported to the Prosecutor’s Office for further investigation.plants.
The average level of radiation dose per unit amounted to a relatively low level of 0.46 man-Sv in 2012, which was substantially lower than the global average in 2012 of 0.76 man-Sv/year as reported in the WANO performance indicator report.
In response to the damage to the nuclear facilities (including nuclear meltdowns) in Japan as a result of the tsunami and earthquake in March 2011, the Government conducted additional safety inspections foron nuclear
power plants by a group of experts from governmental authorities, civic groups and academia. As a result of such inspections, the Government required KHNP to perform 46 comprehensive safety improvement measures. The Government also established the Nuclear Safety & Security Commission in October 2011 for neutral and independent safety appraisals. KHNP developed 10 additional measures through benchmarking overseas cases and the internal analysis of current operations. KHNP plans to implement these measures, which are expected to be completed by 2015, at total expected cost of approximately Won 1.1 trillion. In 2012,As of December 31, 2013, KHNP had completed 2432 of such measures.
Low and intermediate level waste, or LILW, and spent fuels are stored in temporary storage facilities at each nuclear site of KHNP. The temporary LILW storage facilities at the nuclear sites will be sufficient to accommodate all LILWs produced up to 2014. We expect that Korea Radioactive Waste Management CorporationAgency (“KRMC”KORAD”) will complete the construction of a LILW disposal facility in the city of Gyeongju by June 2014, and starting from December 2010, LILW stored in temporary storage facilities at UlchinHanul and Wolsong was transferred to a disposal facility in the city of Gyeongju.
In order to increase the storage capacity of temporary storage facilities for spent fuels, KHNP has been pursuing various projects, such as installing high-density racks in spent fuel pools and building dry storage facilities and transporting the spent fuels to other nuclear units within a nuclear site.facilities. Through these activities, we expect that the storage capacity for spent fuels in all nuclear sites will be sufficient to accommodate all the spent fuels produced by 2016. The policy for spent fuel management options is currently under development.
TheIn 2009, the Radioactive Waste Management Act (“RWMA”) was enacted effective on January 1, 2009 in an effort to centralize management of the disposal of spent fuel and low and intermediate level radioactive wasteLILW and enhance the security and efficiency of related management processes. The RWMA designates KRMCKORAD to manage the disposal of spent fuels and low and intermediate level radioactive waste.LILW. Pursuant to the RWMA, the Government has established the Radioactive Waste Management Fund. The management expense for LILW is paid when LILW is transferred to KRMC,KORAD, and the charge for spent fuel is paid based on the quantity of spent fuel generated every quarter. ManagementLILW-related management costs related to LILW and charges for spent fuel to be borne by KHNP are reviewed by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy every two years. In December 2012, such costs and charges were readjusted upwardsincreased by a committee composed of governmentGovernment officials, KHNP, Korea Radioactive Waste Management Corporation and experts in finance and accounting. This may result in an increase in future expenses to be borne bythat KHNP may incur in relation to radioactive waste.
All of KHNP’s nuclear plants are currently in compliance with Korean law and regulations and the safety standards of the IAEA in all material respects.
Since For a description of certain past incidents relating to quality assurance in respect of KHNP, see Item 3D. “Risk Factors—Recent findings of falsified testing results and bribery and the submissionsubsequent prolonged shutdowns of certain of our annual report on Form 20-F in April 2012, other than as set forth herein there have been no significant safety-related events or accidents in KHNP’s nuclear power plants that would have a material adverse effect on us.generation units may adversely hurt our reputation, business, results of operations and financial condition.”
Decommissioning
Decommissioning of a nuclear power unit is the process whereby the unit is shut down at the end of its life, the fuel is removed and the unit is eventually dismantled. KHNP implements a dismantling policy under which dismantling would take place five to ten years after the unit’s permanent shutdown. Kori unit-1,closure. KHNP renewed the operation license of Kori-1, the first nuclear power plant constructed in Korea, which commenced its operation in 1978, and reached the end of its intended lifefor an additional 10 years in June 2007. KHNP obtained an approvalis also in the process of renewing the operation license of Wolsung-1 to extend the Koriits life cycle, whose original operation for another 10 years, and the unit resumed its operations in January 2008. Wolsong unit-1, the second nuclear power plant in Korea, reached the end of its original design lifelicense expired in November 2012. Applications for continued operationIf the Wolsung-1 license is extended, decommissioning of Wolsong unit-1 were submitteda nuclear power generation unit is not expected to the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology in December 2009 and are currently being reviewed by the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission. Wolsong unit-1 underwent facility improvement in July 2011 after which it operated normally at 100% capacity until the end of its design life in November 2012.commence before 2017. While it does not carry a cash reserve for its decommissioning liability, KHNP retains full financial and operational responsibility for decommissioning
its units.
KHNP has accumulated the decommissioning cost as a liability since 1983. The decommissioning costs of nuclear facilities were estimated based on the study by the related committee andare defined by the Radioactive-Waste Management Act, which requires KHNP to credit annual appropriations separately. The decommissioningThese costs are estimated based on studies conducted by the relevant committees, and are reviewed by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy every two years. In December 2012, estimated decommissioning costs were readjusted upwardsincreased in consideration of overseas cases of decommissioning, inflation rate assumptions, changes in the operating environment and other criteria. As a result, KHNP was required to accrue additional provisions due to increased future decommissioning costs.
costs, and as of December 31, 2013, KHNP accrued Won 15,427 billion for the cost of dismantling and decontaminating existing nuclear power plants, which consisted of dismantling costs of nuclear plants of Won 9,888 billion and dismantling costs of spent fuel and radioactive waste of Won 5,539 billion. For the accounting treatment of decommissioning costs, see Item 5A. “Operating Results—and Financial Review and Prospects—Critical Accounting Policies—Decommissioning Costs.”
Overseas Activities
We are actively engaged in a number of overseas activities. We believe that such activities help us to facilitate procurement of requisite fuels and diversify our revenue streams by leveraging the operational experience of us and our subsidiaries gathered from providing a
full range of services, such as power plant construction and specialized engineering and maintenance services in Korea, as well as to establish strategic relationships with a number of countries that are or may become providers of fuels.
The table set below summarizes theour overseas projects that we are currently pursuing based on binding agreements.projects.
Country | Project Period | Project Description | ||
Generation Projects: | ||||
| December 2009 to May 2020 | Construction, operation and support for four | ||
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Jordan | ||||
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Jordan |
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Jordan | January 2013 to January 2035 | Construction and operation of a wind farm in Fujeij (BOO)(4) | ||
| 1,204 megawatt oil-fired power plant (BOO)(4) | |||
Shanxi, China | April 2007 to April 2056 | 6,887 megawatt coal-fired power plants (BOO)(4) and coal mine projects | ||
Gansu, China | September 2005 to April 2029 | 99 megawatt wind power plants (BOO)(4) | ||
Inner Mongolia, China | December 2006 to December 2032 | 991 megawatt wind power plants (BOO)(4) | ||
Liaoning, China | July 2012 to | |||
Vietnam | December 2014 to December 2043 | 1,200 megawatt coal-fired power plants project (BOT)(1) | ||
Thailand | 2011 to 2037 | |||
Thailand | ||||
Ilijan, Philippines | November 1997 to May 2022 | 1,200 megawatt combined-cycle power plant project (BOT)(1) | ||
Naga, Philippines | Since February 2006 | 200.8 megawatt power plant (O&M)(2) | ||
Cebu, Philippines | February 2008 to May 2036 | 200 megawatt CFBC(3) coal-fired power plant (BOO)(4) | ||
India | February 2012 to December 2039 | Construction, O&M of a 388 megawatt combined-cycle power plant | ||
United States | 2013 to 2065 | |||
United States | Since September 2012 | Construction and operation of a 80 megawatt Novus 1 wind farm project |
Country | Project Period | Project Description | ||||
United States | Since December 2012 | Construction and operation of a 40 megawatt Novus 2 wind | ||||
Mexico | September 2010 to May 2038 | 433 megawatt combined-cycle power plant project (BOO)(4) | ||||
Chile | June 2014 to October 2031 | 517 megawatt combined cycle gas turbine power plant (BOO) | ||||
Nigeria | Since 2007 | Acquisition of an equity interest in Egbin Power Plc for operation and maintenance of a 1,320 megawatt gas-fired power plant in Nigeria | ||||
Exploration and Production Projects: | ||||||
Indonesia | Since July 2009 | Purchase of equity interest of PT Adaro Energy Tbk | ||||
Indonesia | Since | Purchase of equity interest of PT Bayan Resources Tbk | ||||
Indonesia | Since August 2011 | Purchase of equity interest of LongDaliq mines | ||||
Australia | Since January 2008 | Moolarben thermal coal mine development | ||||
Australia | Since November 2007 | Share subscription of Cockatoo Coal Limited, a coal development company | ||||
Australia | Since July 2010 | Bylong thermal coal mine development | ||||
Australia | Since June 2012 | Acquisition of equity interest of Amber Energy Company, an operator of Decker and Black Cutte mines | ||||
Canada | Since June 2009 | Share subscription of Denison Mines, a uranium development company | ||||
Canada | From December 2007 | Uranium exploration project in the Cree East | ||||
Canada | January 2008 to May 2013 | Uranium exploration project in the Waterbury Lake | ||||
United States | Since July 2012 | Acquisition of minority interest in Energy Fuel Inc., a Denver-based uranium producer, in exchange for equity interest in Strathmore Minerals Corp. | ||||
Niger | Since December 2009 | Share subscription of ANCE, a uranium development company | ||||
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Nigeria | Since March 2006 | Exploration of oil and gas for two offshore blocks | ||||
Nigeria | Since October 2008 | Development of downstream projects | ||||
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France | June 2009 to 2015 | Construction and operation of a uranium enrichment plant |
Country | Project Period | Project Description | ||||
Transmission and Distribution projects: | ||||||
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India | September 2011 to | 11kV feeder separation program for separation of non-agricultural and agricultural consumers, replacement of bare low tension line with aerial bunched cable and meterization of unmetered consumers in rural areas | ||||
Kazakhstan | February 2011 to | Modernization of 17 substations in Actub, Kazakhstan | ||||
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Notes:
(1) | Represents “build, operate and transfer” projects. |
(2) | Represents “rehabilitation, operation, maintenance and management” projects |
(3) | Represents “circulating fluidized bed combustion” projects. |
(4) | Represents “build, own and operate” projects. |
While strategically important, we believe that our overseas activities, as currently being conducted, are not in the aggregate significant in terms of scope or amount compared to our domestic activities. In addition, a number of the overseas contracts currently being pursued are based on non-binding memoranda of understanding and the details of such projects may significantly change during the course of negotiating the definitive agreements.
A further description of the material overseas activities by us and our subsidiaries is provided below.
Generation projects
United Arab Emirates
OnIn December 27, 2009, following an international open bidding process, we entered into a prime contract with the Emirates Nuclear Energy Corporation (the “ENEC”), a state-owned nuclear energy provider of the United Arab Emirates (“UAE”), to design, build and help operate four civil nuclear power generation units to be located in Barakah, a region approximately 270 kilometers from Abu Dhabi, for the UAE’s peaceful nuclear energy program. The contract amount for the project is US$18.6 billion, with the term of the contract to last from December 27, 2009 to May 1, 2020. Under the contract, we and the subcontractors, some of which are our subsidiaries, are to perform various duties in connection with the project, including, among others, (i) designing and constructing four nuclear power generation units (each with a capacity of 1,400 megawatts), (ii) supplying nuclear fuel for three fuel cycles including initial loading (with each cycle currently projected to last for approximately 18 months), and (iii) providing technical support, training and education to the plant operation personnel. The target completion dates for the four units are set for May 2017, May 2018, May 2019 and May 2020.
In addition, in order to foster a long-term strategic partnership and stable management of the units post-construction, we currently plan to make an equity investment in a project company established by ENEC. Details of such investment, including its size and structure, remain subject to further negotiation at this time, and we plan to make further disclosures regarding such investment in due course and as appropriate.
OnIn October 18, 2010, a consortium, led bywhich included us, was selected by Abu Dhabi Water & Electricity Authority (“ADWEA”), a state-run utilities provider in the United Arab Emirates, as the preferred bidder in an
international bidding for the construction and operation of the combined-cycle natural gas-fired electricity generation facilities in Shuweihat, UAE with an expected aggregate generation capacity of 1,600 megawatts. OnIn February 15, 2011, the consortium entered into a formal contract with ADWEA for the construction and operation of the generation facilities. This project involves three years of construction starting from March 2011, and 25 years of operation by us following its completion in MarchAugust 2014. The total project cost is currently estimated to be US$1.5 billion, of which approximately 20% will be financed through equity investments by the consortium members and the remaining 80% through project financing. Equity interests in the consortium are owned by ADWEA (60.0%), Sumitomo (20.4%) and us (19.6%). The total amount of our equity investment in the project is expected to be approximately US$55.756 million, and we are participating in this project through a special purpose vehicle.
Jordan
In July 2008, a consortium consisting of us and Xenel was selected as the preferred bidder to “build, own and operate” a gas-fired power plant with installed capacity of 373 megawatts in Al Qatrana, near Amman, Jordan. After entering into definitive agreements in October 2009, construction of the power plant began in March 2010 and was completed in December 2011. The total cost of construction was approximately US$460 million. Operation of the power plant will be for a period of 25 years until 2035. We and Xenel established a joint venture to oversee the project, with us and Xenel holding an 80:20 equity interest, respectively. We expect our total investment in the project to be approximately US$96 million. We believe that this project will help us expand our business in the Middle East and position us as a competitive power producer in the global market.
In January 2012, a consortium consisting of us, Mitsubishi Corporation and Wartsila Development & Financial Services was selected by National Electric Power Corporation, a state-run electricity provider in Jordan, to construct and operate a diesel engine power project in Almanakher with an expected total generation capacity of 573 megawatts. In August 2012, we established a special-purpose vehicle for the purpose of carrying out the project and on September 24, 2012, the consortium entered into a power purchase agreement with the National Electric Power Company. This project is comprised of three phases and is scheduled for completion by September 2014. The project is expected to require a construction period of two years followed by an operational period of 25 years. The total project cost will be funded primarily through debt financing and the remaining will be financed through equity investments by the consortium members. We hold a 60% equity interest in the consortium.
In January 2013, we were selected by Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of Jordan as an independent power producer to “build, own and operate” a wind farm with installed capacity of 99 megawatts in Fujeij, which is located on plateau 150 kilometers south of Amman, Jordan. This is the first of a series of projects to take place in Jordan, and we expect to build wind turbines with total capacity amounting up to 1,800 megawatts by 2020. The project involves 20 months of construction and 20 years of operation. Under the contract with Jordan’s Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, construction is scheduled to begin in 2014 for completion by the end of 2016. The total project cost is approximately US$200 million, of which approximately 42% will be financed through equity investments solely from us, and we will be the 100% equity holder of the project and the remaining 58% through debt financing. With this project, we expect to diversify our business portfolio in the Middle East from the existing nuclear and thermal power plants to renewable energy.
Saudi Arabia
In December 2008, we formed a consortium with ACWA Power International of Saudi Arabia and submitted a bid for the 1,204 megawatt oil-fired power project in Rabigh, Saudi Arabia. In March 2009, we were selected as the preferred bidder, and in July 2009, we entered into a power purchase agreement with Saudi Electricity Company. Construction of the project was completed in April 2013, and we will participate in the operation of the plant for 20 years. This project has an estimated project cost of US$2.5 billion. We currently hold a 40.0% equity interest in the joint venture entity, Rabigh Electricity Company, which will oversee the project.
China
In April 2007, we formed a limited partnership with Shanxi International Electricity Group and Deutsche Bank in China to develop and operate power projects and coal mines in Shanxi province, China, which was approved by the Chinese government. As of December 31, 2012,2013, total capital investment in these projects amounted to US$1.3 billion. We are expected to participate in the operation of the project for a period of 50 years ending 2056. As of December 31, 2012,2013, the total installed capacity was 5,9076,887 megawatts and our equity ownershipinterest in the partnership was 34%.
In September 2005 and April 2006, we and China Datang Corporation of the People’s Republic of China formed joint ventures to build four wind-powered generation projects in China, consisting of one project in Gansu province with total capacity of 49.3 megawatts and three projects in Inner Mongolia with total capacity of 139.4 megawatts. Since then, one project with capacity of 49.5 megawatts has been added in Gansu and thirteen15 projects with total capacity with 851.4 megawatts have been added in Inner Mongolia. In Liaoning province, we have developedare developing five projects with total capacity of 226 megawatts under an understanding with the government of Chaoyang City. In November 17, 2011, one project with total capacityAs of 45December 2013, 642.5 megawatts was added toand 178.0 megawatts of the aforementioned projects had been developed in Inner Mongolia and one project with total capacity of 48 megawatts was added to Liaoning.Liaoning province, respectively. The joint ventures were capitalized with RMB 271 million for the Gansu projects, RMB 3,297 million for the Inner Mongolia projects and RMB 678 million for the Liaoning projects. One-third of the investment was funded with equity contribution and the remaining two-thirds with debt. We and China Datang Corporation hold 40% and 60% of equity interests, respectively, in each of the aforementioned joint ventures and we are participating in the projects through our wholly-owned subsidiaries. Of the 25 wind power generation projects in the aforementioned areas in China, 20 projects with a total capacity of 919 megawatts are currently in operation. The other five projects are still in the preparation stage. The projects in operation are currently generating additional revenue from the clean development mechanism (CDM) business.
JordanVietnam
In July 2008,March 2013, a consortium consisting of us and Xenel was selected as the preferred bidder to “build, own and operate”Marubeni, a gas-fired power plant with installed capacity of 373 megawatts in Al Qatrana, near Amman, Jordan. Construction of the power plant began in May 2009 and was completed in December 2011. The total cost of construction was approximately US$460 million. Operation of the power plant will be for a period of 25 years lasting until 2035. We and Xenel established a joint venture to oversee the project, with us and Xenel holding an 80:20 equity interest, respectively. We expect our total investment in the project to be approximately US$96 million. We believe that this project will help us expand our business in the Middle East and position us as a competitive power producer in the global market.
On January 30, 2012, a consortium consisting of us, Mitsubishi Corporation and Wartsila Development & Financial ServicesJapanese corporation, was selected by National Electric Power Corporation, a state-run electricity provider in Jordan, to constructthe Ministry of Industry and operate a diesel engine power project in Almanakher with an expected total generation capacityTrade of 573 megawatts. In August 2012 we established a special-purpose vehicleVietnam for the purposeconstruction and operation of carrying
out the project and on September 24, 2012, the consortiuma 1,200 megawatt coal-fired power plant in Thanh Hoa province, Vietnam. Construction will begin in December 2014 with target completion by December 2018, following which we will handle operation for 25 years. We have entered into a power purchase agreement with the National Electric Power Company. ThisElectricity of Vietnam. Total project is comprised of three phases, each of whichcost is expected to be completed by February 2014, July 2014 and September 2014, respectively. The project is expected to require a construction periodUS$2.3 billion, of two years followed by an operational period of 25 years. The total project costwhich 25% will be funded primarily through debt financingby capital contribution and the remaining 75% by debt financing. The share capital of the special purpose entity that will be financed through equity investments by the consortium members. Wein charge of this project will be US$ 575 million, and KEPCO and Marubeni will each hold a 60%50% equity interest in the consortium.such entity.
On January 14, 2013, we were selected by Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of Jordan asThailand
In December 2011, KOMIPO agreed to purchase a independent29% equity interest in Navanakorn Electric Co., a Thailand power producercompany, to “build, own and operate”jointly develop a wind farmcombined-cycle power plant project in Thailand with installedgeneration capacity of 90 megawatts in Fujeij, which is located on plateau 150km south of Amman, Jordan. This is the first of a series of projects to take place in Jordan, and we expect to build wind turbines with total capacity amounting up to 1,800 megawatts by 2020. The project involves 20 months of construction and 20 years of operation. Under the contract with Jordan’s Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, we began construction in 2012 and expect to complete construction by 2015.111 megawatts. The total project cost is currently estimated to be US$187 million, and KOMIPO expects to invest approximately US $187US$15.6 million into this project. Following the completion of whichconstruction in 2013, this project commenced commercial operation on October 31, 2013 for a period of 25 years.
In September 2012, KOMIPO entered into an agreement with Toyo-Thai Corp. PCL to build and operate a 8 megawatt solar power plant in Ang Thong. The total project cost is currently estimated to be US$26 million, and KOMIPO invested approximately 42% will be financed through equity investments solely from us, and we will be the 100% equity holder of theUS$0.9 million into this project and acquired a 10% equity interest. Following the remaining 58% through debt. Withcompletion of construction in 2013, this project we expect to diversify our business portfoliocommenced commercial operation in the Middle East from the existing nuclear and thermal power plants to renewable energy.March 2013 for a period of 20 years.
Philippines
We are currently engaged in three major power projects in the Philippines: (i) a “build, operate and transfer” of a 1,200-megawatt combined-cycle power plant project in Ilijan, construction of which began in November 1997 and
was completed in June 2002, and operation by us until 2022 (the project cost of the Ilijan project was US$721 million, for which project finance on a limited recourse basis was provided), and (ii) ownership of a 39.6% equity interest in SPC Power Corporation, an independent power producer operating a 200.8-megawatt Naga power complex in Cebu, the Philippines, in which we initially acquired a 40.0% equity interest in February 2006 pursuant to a rehabilitation, operation, maintenance and management (ROMM) agreement, which was completed in March 25, 2012 followed by an approximately one yeartwo-year operation and maintenance period thereafter and (iii) a “build, operate and own” of a 200-megawatt CFBC coal power plant in Cebu for which construction began in February 2008 and was completed in May 2011, followed by operation thereof until 2036. The project cost of the Cebu project was US$451 million, for which project finance on a limited recourse basis was provided. On October 24, 2011, the operation and maintenance service contract for the Malaya 650-megawatt oil-fired power plants expired.
Saudi ArabiaIndia
On December 1, 2008, we formedIn 2012, KOWEPO purchased a consortium with ACWA Power International of Saudi Arabia and submitted a bid for the 1,204 megawatt oil-fired power project in Rabigh, Saudi Arabia. In March 2009, we were selected as the preferred bidder against competitors that included Suez of Belgium, IP of Britain and Oger of Saudi Arabia and in July 11, 2009, we entered into a power purchase agreement with Saudi Electricity Company. Construction of the project was completed in April 2013, and we will participate in the operation of the plant for 20 years with an estimated project cost of US$2.5 billion. We currently hold a 40.0%40% equity interest in the joint venture entity, Rabigh Electricity Company, which will oversee the project. On July 11, 2009, we entered intoPioneer Gas Power for a purchase price of approximately US$35 million to construct a 388-megawatt combined-cycle power purchase agreement with Saudi Electricity Company.
Mexico
On August 2, 2010, a consortium led by us was selected as the preferred bidderplant in an international auction for the construction and operation of the Norte II gas-fueled combined-cycle electricity generation facility in Chihuahua, Mexico, as ordered by the Comision Federal de Electricidad (“CFE”) of Mexico. This facility is expected to have a generation capacity of 433 megawatts, and the project will be undertaken on a “build, own and operate” basis.Maharashtra, India. The total size of the project, which commenced in September 2010 and is expected to end in May 2038,February 2012, is expected to be approximately US$430 million. We hold a 56% interest274 million and we expect the power facility to begin commercial operation in the consortium, whose
other members are Samsung C&T (with a 34% interest)2014. KOWEPO will be responsible for operation and Techint, a Mexico company (with a 10% interest). The consortium established a special purpose vehicle, KST Electric Power Company (“KST”), to act as the operating entity, and on September 7, 2010, KST entered into a power purchase agreement with CFE to construct and operate a combined-cycle power plant at Chihuahua in Mexico. In October 2010 KST was licensed by the Mexican government as an independent power producer, which allows it to produce and sell electricity to CFE during the specified contract period. Approximately 22.5%maintenance of the total project costs will be financed through equity investments by the consortium and the remaining 77.5% through project financing. Construction for the project, which began in January 2011, is expected to be completed by the end of 2013, followed by an operation period of 25 years. Our wholly-owned subsidiary, KEPCO Energy Service Company, will manage the project.until December 2039.
United States
OnIn October 31, 2011, a consortium consisting of our wholly-owned generation subsidiary, KOMIPO, and POSCO Engineering Co., was selected by the City of Boulder as the winning bidder in an auction for the construction and operation of a US$1 billion solar power plant project in Nevada, the United States with generation capacity of 300-megawatts. The total size of the project is expected to be approximately US$300 million, and KOMIPO expects to invest approximately US$90 million and hold a 30% equity interest in the project. Construction of the project commenced in September 2013and is expected to commence in September 2013 and be completed by December 2014, to be followed by 50 years of operation from 2015 to 2065.
In September 2012, our wholly-owned generation subsidiary, KOSEP completed construction of wind farm projects in Oklahoma, KODE Novus 1 LLC and KODE Novus 2 LLS.LLC. The two wind farm projects have a generation capacities of 80 megawatts and 40 megawatts, respectively, and KOSEP will operate the project for 20 years following the completioncommenced operation of constructionthese projects in December 2012.2012 for a term of 20 years. The total project cost is expected to be US$27.8 million, and KOSEP will hold a 50% and 49% equity interest in eachthese wind farm project,projects, respectively.
IndiaMexico
In March 2012, our wholly-ownedAugust 2010, a consortium led by us was selected as the preferred bidder in an international auction for the construction and operation of the Norte II gas-fueled combined-cycle electricity generation subsidiary, KOWEPO, purchasedfacility in Chihuahua, Mexico, as ordered by the Commission Federal de Electricidad (“CFE”) of Mexico. The consortium established a 40 %special purpose vehicle, KST Electric Power Company (“KST”), to act as the operating entity, and in September 2010, KST entered into a power purchase agreement with CFE in relation to the construction and operation of a 433-megawatt combined-cycle power plant at Chihuahua in Mexico. In October 2010, KST was licensed by the Mexican government as an independent power producer, which allows it to produce and sell electricity to CFE during the specified contract period. The project will be undertaken on a “build, own and operate” basis. The total cost of the project is approximately US$430 million. We hold a 56% equity interest in Pioneer Gasthe consortium, with the remaining equity interests held by Samsung C&T (with a 34% equity interest) and Techint, a Mexico company (with a 10% equity interest). Approximately 22.5% of the total project costs will be financed through equity investments by the consortium and the remaining 77.5% through project financing. Commercial operation commenced in December 2013 following completion of the construction, and the operation period will run for 25 years until 2038. Our wholly-owned subsidiary, KEPCO Energy Service Company, currently manages the operation of the project.
Chile
In November 2013, following an international competitive bidding process, KOSPO and Samsung C&T Corporation were awarded a 517 megawatt combined cycle gas turbine power plant project by BHP Billiton and entered into a long-term contract to build, own, operate and maintain the power plant to supply electric power to a copper mines in Chile. The term of the contract is 15 years from the commercial operation date, with an option to extend the term three times by five years each. In order to facilitate project management, KOSPO established a wholly-owned subsidiary, KOSPO Chile SpA, which made an investment into a special purpose company, Kelar S.A. As of December 31, 2013, KOSPO Chile SpA’s equity interest in the project was 65%. Construction for the project is scheduled to begin in June 2014 with commercial operation expected to begin in October 2016.
Nigeria
In October 2007, we invested US$9.1 million in KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Ltd. (“KERNL”), a joint venture with Energy Resource Ltd., a Nigerian company. We currently own 30.0% of KERNL’s equity capital. In May 2007, KERNL entered into a share purchase agreement with the Nigerian government for the purchase of 70% of the equity capital of Egbin Power forPlc in Nigeria, which owns and operates the Egbin power plant, a purchase price of approximately US$35 million to construct a 388-megawatt combined-cycle1,320-megawatt gas-fired power plant in Maharashtra, India.Lagos, Nigeria for a consideration of approximately US$407 million. The total size ofacquisition was completed in October 2013, and in June 2013, we entered into a contract with Egbin Power Plc for the project, which commenced in January 2012, is expected to be approximately US$250 million and we expect the power facility to begin commercial operation in 2014. KOWEPO will be responsible for operation and maintenance of the project.Egbin power plant. The contract price was US$315 million. In November 2013, we commenced operation and maintenance services for a term of five years and will expire in October 2018.
Thailand
On December 23, 2011, our wholly-owned generation subsidiary, KOMIPO, agreed to purchase a 29% equity interest in Navanakorn Electric Co., a Thailand power company, to jointly develop a combined-cycle power plant project in Thailand with generation capacity of 111 megawatts. The total project cost is currently estimated to be US$187 million, and KOMIPO expects to invest approximately US$15.6 million into this project. This project is expected to involve two years of construction starting from 2011 and 25 years of operation beginning in 2013.
On September 10, 2012, our wholly-owned generation subsidiary, KOMIPO, entered into an agreement with Toyo-Thai Corp. PCL to build and operate a 8 megawatt solar power plant in Ang Thong. The total project cost is currently estimated to be US$26 million, and KOMIPO expects to invest approximately US$0.9 million into this project for an equity interest of 10%. This project is expected to involve one year of construction starting from 2012 and 20 years of operation following the completion of construction in 2013.
Exploration and Production Projects
Indonesia
OnIn July 23, 2009, we, together with KOSEP, purchased a 1.5% equity interest in PT Adaro Energy Tbk (“Adaro”) for an aggregate purchase price of US$47 million. Adaro is the second largest coal producer in Indonesia and the fifth largest coal exporter in the world, and has produced a total of 4752 million tons of coal in 2012.2013. As part of this investment, we are entitled to an annual coal procurement of 3 million tons per year. OnIn August 19, 2010, we purchased a 20% equity interest in PT Bayan Resources Tbk (“Bayan”), an Indonesian mining company, for a purchase price of US$518 million. Bayan is engaged in open cut mining of various coal qualities from mines located primarily in East and South Kalimantan, and has produced 16approximately 13 million tons of coal in 2012.2013. In addition, because Bayan owns the largest coal terminal and the only floating transfer-station in Indonesia, we believe that the acquisition will improve our access to much-needed transportation infrastructure within Indonesia. As part of this investment, we are entitled to an annual coal procurement of 2 million tons per year between 2012 and 2014 and 7 million tons per year beginning in 2015. We expect that both of our investments in Indonesia will help us secure a more stable supply of coal for power generation and help us hedge against fluctuations in fuel prices.
In August 2011, KOSPO entered into an agreement with PT. Kedap Sayaaq to acquire a 10% equity interest in LongDaliq mines located in western Kalimantan, Indonesia. KOSPO acquired such equity interest in 2013, and will secure up to three million tons of coal per year through a coal off-take agreement.
Australia
OnIn January 2, 2008, a consortium consisting of Korea Resources Corporation, a Government-controlled enterprise, Hanwha Corporation, us and four of our wholly owned generation subsidiaries, namely, KOSEP, KOMIPO, KOWEPO and KOSPO, entered into an agreement with Felix Resources Limited, an Australian coal mining company, to develop the Moolarben coal mine located in Western Coal Fields, New South Wales, Australia. Under the terms of agreement, the consortium purchased a 10% equity interest in the Moolarben
project from Felix, of which we and our four generation subsidiaries own an aggregate of 5%, and 80% equity interestinterests, respectively of the project is held by Felix which was acquired by Yancoal Australia in December 2009. In 20122013 Moolarben produced 5.56.4 million tons of coal, of which we and our four generation subsidiaries imported 2.5 million tons in 2012.2013. We and our four generation subsidiaries have a coal off-take agreement for a total of 2.5 million tons of coal per annum.
OnIn November 7, 2007, we and EWP entered into a share subscription agreement with Cockatoo Coal Limited (“Cockatoo”), a coal exploration and mining company located in Australia. We and EWP currently hold a 4.9% aggregate1.1% equity interest, in aggregate, in Cockatoo after having made a total investment of A$21.8 million. Cockatoo has several coal exploration projects in Queensland and New South Wales and one production project in Bowen Basin, Queensland, Australia.
OnIn July 5, 2010, Kepco Australia Pty Ltd., our wholly-owned subsidiary, entered into an agreement with Anglo American Metallurgical Coal Assets Eastern AustraliaPty Ltd. to acquire 100% of the equity interest in Anglo Coal (Bylong) Pty Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Anglo, for a purchase price of A$402403 million. Bylong owns a bituminous coal mine in New South Wales, Australia. From this acquisition, we expect to secure an average of 5.1 million tons of bituminous coal per year from this mine during the period from 20162017 to 2052. We and Cockatoo are currently undergoing a feasibility study for this project to explore and develop coal that is of export quality.
In June 2012, KOSPO entered into an agreement with Amber Energy Company, which is the operator of Decker and Black Cutte mines located in Brisbane, Australia. In the event of the initial public offering, which has not yet taken place, KOSPO is entitled to convert convertible bonds to an equity interest within one year period from the initial public offering. KOSPO is also entitled to secure up to two million tons of coal per year through a coal off-take agreement.
Canada
OnIn June 15, 2009, we, together with KHNP, entered into a definitive agreement with Denison Mines Corporation (“Denison”) under which we currently hold a 14.9%9.05% equity interest in Denison Mines and remain the largest shareholder thereof.Mines. Under the terms of the agreement, we are entitled to procure up to approximately 20.0% of Denison’s current annual uranium production, during the period from 2010 to 2015. For the period from 2016, we will also be entitled to procure up to 20.0% of Denison’s annual uranium production provided that we beneficially own 10.0% or more of Denison’s share capital. We procured 5.3 metric tons of uranium in 2012 and expect such amounts to increase in the near future. On July 2, 1012, we and KHNP acquired a 9.4% equity
interest in Energy Fuel Inc. (“EFI”), a Denver-based uranium producer, from Denison. Such acquisition of shares was accomplished as a part of Denison’s restructuring of its assets based in the United States, and EFI will assume the off-take contract between us and Denison. Following the off-take contract, we and KHNP will secure 1.6 tons of uranium per year until 2015, and will renegotiate the procurement amounts beginning in 2016.
OnIn December 14, 2007, a consortium consisting of four Korean companies, namely us, Korea Resources Corporation, Hanwha Corporation and SK Innovation Co., Ltd., entered into an agreement with CanAlaska Uranium, Ltd., a uranium exploration company located in Canada (“CanAlaska”), to carry out a joint uranium exploration project to search for uranium deposits across mines in the Cree East area, Saskatchewan, Canada. Under the terms of the agreement, the consortium and CanAlaska each hold a 50.0% equity interest in the four-year project. The estimated capital expenditure for the project is C$19 million, all of which is to be bornepaid by the consortium through cash contributions over the term of the project. We have invested C$4.75 million for which we have received a 12.5% equity interest in the project at the end of 2010. If additional capital expenditure is required, the amount in excess of C$19 million is to be shared equally between CanAlaska and the consortium.
OnIn January 30, 2008, a consortium consisting of us, KHNP, KoreaKEPCO Nuclear Fuel Co., Ltd., Hanwha Corporation and Gravis Capital Corp., a Canadian company, entered into an agreement with Fission Energy Corp., a uranium exploration company located in Canada, to carry out a joint uranium exploration project in Waterbury Lake, Saskatchewan, Canada. Under the terms of the agreement, each of the consortium and Fission Energy Corp. holds a 50% equity interest in the three-year project. The estimated capital expenditure for the project is C$15 million, all of which is to be bornepaid by the consortium through cash contributions over the term of the project. Under the terms of the agreement, the consortium is required to purchase a 50% equity interest in the project held by Fission Energy Corp. upon the final payment of cash contributions by the consortium during the term of the project. We have a 20% equity interest in the project and are expected to make estimated cash contributions of C$6 million. During the three-year exploration period, which ended in April 2010, we
discovered a high grade uranium mineralization after drilling 20 sites out of 97 sites. OnIn August 16, 2010, the consortium entered into an additional agreementagreements consisting of a limited partnership agreement, a shareholders agreement and an operating service agreement with Fission Energy Corp. and extended the exploration period to May 2013 in order to enlarge known mineralization and to produce a resource estimate. OnIn April 12, 2011, Fission Energy Corp. exercised a Back-In Option under the limited partnership agreement dated August 16, 2010, and provided to the consortium consideration of C$6 million. As a result of the exercise of the Back-In Option, the Fission Energy Corp.’s equity interest increased by 10% and the consortium’s equity interest was reduced by 10%. Currently, Fission Energy Corp. and the consortium hold a 60% and 40% equity interest, respectively, in the special purpose entity established to operate this project, of which we hold a 16% equity interest. Subsequent to the exercise of the Back-In Option, the consortium and Fission Energy Corp. are required to make estimated cash contributions for the project on the basis of their respective equity interest.
NigerUnited States
On July 2, 2012, we and KHNP acquired a 9.4% equity interest in Energy Fuel Inc. (“EFI”), a Denver-based uranium producer, from Denison in exchange for the equity interest we held in Strathmore Minerals Corp. in connection with Denison’s restructuring of its assets based in the United States, including the sale of Strathmore to EFI. EFI will assume the off-take contract between us and Denison. Following the off-take contract, we and KHNP will secure 160 tons of uranium per year until 2015, and will renegotiate on the procurement amounts in 2016.
Niger
In December 30, 2009, we and KHNP, our wholly-owned nuclear generation subsidiary, entered into a definitive agreement with Areva NC Expansion (“ANCE”) to purchase 1.0 million shares, or 15.0%, of the share capital of ANCE at an aggregate purchase price of EUR 170 million. We are entitled to procure up to approximately 10.0%9.0% of Imouraren SA’s annual uranium production in Niger, which is estimated to be 770626 metric tons based on ANCE’s annual production plan during the period between 20152017 and 2046.2052. Imouraren SA is an ANCE-invested mine operating company. We and KHNP currently hold a 13.5% equity interest in ANCE.
United States
On February 1, 2012, we signed an agreement with Strathmore Minerals Corp. (“Strathmore”) to acquire approximately 14 million common shares of Strathmore for a purchase price of US$8 million. As a result of this acquisition, we hold approximately 11.8% of the equity interests of Strathmore. Under this agreement, we have
the right to purchase a portion of any future annual uranium production from Strathmore’s propertiesaggregate in Gas Hills, Wyoming. The proceeds from our investment will be used for a “Phase I” exploration and development program. Upon completion of Phase I, we have the right to participate in the “Phase II” development based on an option to purchase up to a total 40% interest in the Gas Hills Properties for an additional investment of US$32 million. With this investment, we will be able to off-take, for the duration of the project operation, 40% of approximately 400 tons of uranium that are currently expected to be produced from these properties.ANCE.
Nigeria
In August 2005, a consortium consisting of us, Korea National Oil Corporation (“KNOC”), a Government-controlled enterprise,Government-owned entity, and Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering won a bid from the federal government of Nigeria for exploration and production of oil in two off-shore blocks. ThisThe consortium, of which we hold a 8.8% equity interest, holds 60.0% of the equity interest in the special purpose vehicle established to carry out the project regarding these two blocks and we hold 8.8% of the interest in the consortium.blocks. In March 2006, the consortium entered into production sharing contracts with Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation in connection with this project. Under these contracts, if the consortium is successful in finding oil, it will be entitled to operate the related facilities for 20 years. However, in January 2009, the government of Nigeria unilaterally decided to void allocation of the oiltwo blocks granted to the consortium based on a claim that the consortium failed to pay full amount of the consideration. Korea National Oil Corporation hasKNOC filed a suit in the Nigerian court challenging this assertion. Ondecision in August 20, 2009, the Federal High Court in Nigeria ruled that the Nigerian government illegally cancelled offshore exploration rights with respect to the deep sea oil exploration projects and banned the Nigerian government from further interfering with the consortium. The Nigerian government subsequently appealed the ruling. On April 26, 2012, the Nigerian Courtfinal outcome of Appeal made a ruling on the appeal, stating that the Nigerian government has taken illegal steps in notifying us of its decision to cancel the consortium’s exploration rights, but specified that the Federal High Court did not have proper jurisdiction to rule on this matter and further that additional agreements relating to discounts on the contract price were invalid. We arewhich is currently assessing the implications of this ruling on our Nigerian projects and our options in relation thereto.pending. In the meanwhile, our projects in Nigeria remain on hold.
Another consortium consisting of us, KNOC and POSCO Engineering & Construction commenced the development of the downstream projects in Nigeria in 2006. While an agreement in-principle was entered into with the Nigerian authorities regarding the project development in October 2008, due to the court proceedings discussed above, these projects are currently on hold.
In October 2007, we invested US$9.1 million in KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Ltd., or KERNL, a joint venture with Energy Resource Ltd., a Nigerian company. We currently own 30.0% of KERNL’s equity capital. In May 2007, KERNL entered into a share purchase agreement with the Nigerian government for the purchase of 51.0% of the equity capital of Egbin Power Plc in Nigeria, which owns and operates the Egbin power plant, for a consideration of approximately US$280 million. The acquisition remains to be completed.
France
OnIn June 30, 2009, KHNP acquired a 2.5% equity interest in Societe D. Enrichissement Du Tricastin (“SET Holding”), which was established by Areva for the purpose of constructing and operating a uranium enrichment plant in Tricastin, France. KHNP has invested approximately 129 million Euros for thea 2.5% equity interest, and COGAC SAS and a group led by Japan France Enrichment Investing and Kansai Electric Power Co. have
acquired a 5% and 4.5% equity interest, respectively, in SET Holding. The maximum production capability of the uranium enrichment plant is eight million7,500 ton Separative Work Unit or, SWU. We believe that this investment will help us secure a more stable and economical supply of enriched uranium.
On August 2011, a consortium consisting of our wholly owned generation subsidiary KOSPO entered into an agreement with PT. Kedap Sayaaq to acquire a 10% equity interest in LongDaliq mines located in western Kalimantan, Indonesia. KOSPO is expected to acquire the equity interest within one year after procurement begins, and will secure up to three million tons of coal per year through a coal off-take agreement.
On June 2012 our wholly owned generation subsidiary KOSPO entered into an agreement with Amber Energy Company, which is the operator of Decker and Black Cutte mines located in Brisbane, Australia. KOSPO is expected to convert convertible bonds to equity interest within one year period from the initial public offering, and will secure up to two million tons of coal per year through a coal off-take agreement.
Transmission and Distribution Projects
Dominican Republic
In May 2011, we entered into an agreement with Corporación Dominicana de Empresas Eléctricas Estatales (“CDEEE”) to improve power distribution networks in three local districts in Dominican Republic. We will construct 1,294km of distribution lines and 12,644 electricity poles as part of the rehabilitation project. Total project cost is expected to be US$46 million, and we will be in charge of design, procurement and construction. We expect to complete construction of such lines and poles by May 2013.
India
In September 2011, a joint venture company established by us and Megha Engineering & Infrastructures Ltd. (“Megha”) entered into an agreement with M.P. Paschim Kshetra Vidyut Vitaran Co. Ltd., Indore (“Paschim”) and M.P. Poorv Kshetra Vidyut Vitaran Co. Ltd., Jabalpur (“Poorv”), each a state-controlled electricity provider in India, to improve the overall power distribution network in Madhya Pradesh, India through a feeder separation program, including improvements of transmission lines and installation of power meters in seven rural areas. The joint venture company will be responsible for five of the projects in conjunction with Megha. In addition, we will be separately responsible for the remaining two projects. The total project cost is estimated to be US$100 million, of which US$32 million will be invested in the projects conducted by us and the remaining US$68 million in the projects conducted in conjunction with Megha. Construction for the project began in September 2011 and is expected to be completed in 2013.2014.
Kazakhstan
On February 23, 2011, a consortium led by us, Hyundai Engineering & Construction and Hyundai Corporation won a power transmission and variation project from Kazakhstan Electricity Grid Operating Company (“KEGOC”), a Kazakhstan state-run company. This US$100 million project will be conducted on an engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) basis, in connection with which are modernizing 17 substations in Actub, Kazakhstan. The project is expected to be completed by the end of 2013.2014.
Dominican Republic
In May 2011, we entered into an agreement with Corporación Dominicana de Empresas Eléctricas Estatales (“CDEEE”) to improve power distribution networks in three local districts in Dominican Republic. We will construct 1,294 kilometers of distribution lines and Hyundai Corporation also won an additional12,644 electricity poles as part of the rehabilitation project. Total project cost is expected to be US$4651 million, project from KEGOCand we will be in March 1, 2011charge of design, procurement and construction. We expect to construct power transmission facilities in Moniak, Kazakhstan. The Moniak project, which involves thecomplete construction of 220kV transmissionsuch lines with a total length of 325km, was completed in November 2012.and poles by May 2014.
North Korea
Kaesong Complex
Since 2005, we have provided electricity to the industrial complex located in Kaesong, North Korea, which was established pursuant to an agreement made during the summit meeting of the two Koreas in June 2000. The Kaesong complex is the largest economic project between the two Koreas and is designed to combine the Republic’s capital and entrepreneurial expertise with the availability of land and labor of North Korea. In March 2005, we built a 22.9 kilovolt distribution line from Munsan substation in Paju, Gyeonggi Province to the Kaesong complex and became the first to supply electricity to pilot zones such as ShinWon Ebenezer. In April 2006, we started to construct a 154 kilovolt, 16 kilometer transmission line connecting Munsan substation to the Kaesong complex as well as Pyunghwa substation in the complex and began operations in May 2007.
As of December 31, 2012,2013, we supplied electricity to 248245 units, including administrative agencies, support facilities and resident corporations, using a tariff structure identical to that of South Korea. No assurance can be given that we will not experience any material losses from this project as a result of, among other things, a project suspension or failure of the project as a result of a breakdown or escalation of hostilities in the relationship between the Republic and North Korea. See Item 3D. “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Korea and the Global Economy—Tensions with North Korea could have an adverse effect on us and the market value of our shares.”
The Light Water Reactor Project
The Korean Peninsula Development Organization, or KEDO, was chartered in March 1995 as an international consortium stipulated by the Agreed Framework, which was signed by the United States and North Korea in October 1994. KEDO signed an agreement with North Korea in December 1995 to construct two light water reactors in North Korea in return for certain nuclear nonproliferation steps to be taken by North Korea. KEDO designated us as its prime contractor to build two units of pressurized light water reactors with total capacity of 2,000 megawatts. We entered into a fixed price turnkey contract with KEDO which became effective on February 3,in 2000. However, when North Korea did not meet the conditions required for the continuation of the project, KEDO suspended the project in December 2003. Following the suspension, KEDO notified us of the termination of the project and the related turnkey contract between KEDO and us. On December 12,In 2006, we entered into a transfer agreement with KEDO. According to the transfer agreement, we assumed substantially all of KEDO’s rights and obligations related to the light water reactor outside of North Korea. In exchange, we waived the right to claim any expenses incurred and any potential claims by subcontractors to KEDO. Pursuant to the terms of the transfer agreement, we are required to report to KEDO the disposal or reuse of the transferred equipment. The gains from the transfer agreement will be shared with KEDO through further negotiations between the two parties.
We decided to dispose of transferred equipment in 2010, the majority of which we sold through an international open bidding process and negotiated agreements in 2011. In January 2012, we disposed of the remaining transferred equipment through a sales contract with KHNP for the remaining Nuclear Steam Supply System equipment. In March 2012, we submitted to KEDO the Final Report on Resale for the transferred equipment under the terms of the transfer agreement. In January 2013, KEDO gave us a final notice that all related terms and conditions of the transfer agreement were terminated.
Insurance
We and our generation subsidiaries carry insurance covering against certain risks, including fire, in respect of key assets, including buildings, equipment, machinery, construction-in-progress and procurement in transit, as well as, in the case of KEPCO, directors’ and officers’ liability insurance. We and our generation subsidiaries maintain casualty and liability insurance against risks related to our business to the extent we consider appropriate. Other than KHNP, neither we nor our generation subsidiaries separately insure against terrorist attacks. These insurance and indemnity policies, however, cover only a portion of the assets that we own and operate and do not cover all types or amounts of loss that could arise in connection with the ownership and operation of these assets.
Substantial liability may ariseresult from the operationoperations of nuclear-fueledour nuclear generation units, and from the use and handling of nuclear fuel and possible radioactive emissions associated with such nuclear fuel. KHNP maintains property and liability insurance against risks of its business to the extent required by the related law and regulations or considered as appropriate and otherwise self-insures against such risks. KHNP carries insurance for its generation units against certain risks, including property damage, nuclear fuel transportation and liability insurance for personal injury and property damage. Each of KHNP’s four power plant complexes hasKHNP carries property damage insurance coverage ofcovering up to US$1 billion per accident in respect of suchfor all properties within its plant complex,complexes, which includes property insurance coverage for acts of terrorism up to US$300 million and for breakdown of machinery up to US$300 million. KHNP maintains a nuclear liability insurance for personal injury and third-party property
damage for a coverage of up to Won 50 billion per accident per plant complex, for a total coverage of Won 250 billion. Under the terms of an agreement between KHNP and the Korean Atomic Insurance Pool, this coverage can be extended from Won 50 billion to Won 100 to 120 billion (Won 100 billion for a plant complex with under four units, and additional Won 10 billion added per unit for a plant complex with more than four units). KHNP is also the beneficiary of a Government indemnity with respect to such risks for damage claims of up to Won 50 billion per nuclear plant complex, for a total coverage of Won 250 billion. Under the Nuclear Damage Compensation Act of 1969, as amended, KHNP is liable only up to 300 million Special Drawing Rights, or SDRs, which amounts to approximately US$450463 million, at the rate of 1 SDR = US$1.500941.54171 as posted on the Internet homepage of the
International Monetary Fund on March 12, 2013,April 7, 2014, per single accident; provided that such limitation will not apply where KHNP intentionally causes harm or knowingly fails to prevent the harm from occurring. KHNP will receive the Government’s support, subject to the approval of the National Assembly, if (i) the damages exceed the insurance coverage amount of Won 50 billion and (ii) the Government deems such support to be necessary for the purposes of protecting damaged persons and supporting the development of nuclear energy business. The amount of Government’s support to KHNP for such qualifying nuclear incident would be 300 million SDRs, or the limit of KHNP’s liability, minus the coverage amount of up to Won 50 billion as determined by the National Assembly. While KHNP carries insurance for its generation units and nuclear fuel transportation, the level of insurance is generally adequate and is in compliance with relevant laws and regulations, and KHNP is the beneficiary of a certain Government indemnity which covers a portion of liability in excess of the insurance, suchinsurance. Such insurance is limited in terms of amount and scope of coverage and does not cover all types or amounts of losses which could arise in connection with the ownership and operation of nuclear plants. Accordingly, material adverse financial consequences could result from a serious accident to the extent it is neither insured nor covered by the government indemnity.
See Item 3D. “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to KEPCO—The amount and scope of coverage of our insurance are limited.”
Competition
As of December 31, 2013, we and our generation subsidiaries owned approximately 81.5% of the total electricity generation capacity in Korea (excluding plants generating electricity for private or emergency use). New entrants to the electricity business will erode our market share and create significant competition, which could have a material adverse impact on our financial conditions and results of operation.
In July 2004,particular, we compete with independent power producers with respect to electricity generation. The independent power generators accounted for 13.2% of total power generation in 2013 and 18.5% of total generation capacity as of December 31, 2013. As of December 31, 2013, there were 10 independent power generators in Korea, excluding renewable energy producers. Prior to December 2010, private enterprises had not been permitted to own and operate coal-fired power plants in Korea. However, the Government adoptedFifth Basic Plan announced in December 2010 included for the Community Energy System to enable regional districts to source electricity fromfirst time a plan for independent power producers to supply electricity without having to undergo the cost-based pool system used by ourown and operate coal-fired power plants, namely four generation subsidiaries and most independent power producers to distribute electricity nationwide. A supplierunits with aggregate capacity of electricity under the Community Energy System must be authorized by Korea Electricity Commission and be approved by the minister of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy2,290 megawatts for completion in accordance2016. In addition, in connection with the Electricity Business Act. The purpose of this system is to decentralize electricity supply and thereby reduce transmission costs and improve the efficiency of energy use. These entities do not supply electricity on a national level but are licensed to supply electricity on a limited basis to their respective districts under the Community Energy System. As of March 31, 2013, 14 districts were using this system. The generation capacity installed or under construction of the electricity suppliers in these 14 districts amounted to approximately 1% of the aggregate generation capacity of our generation subsidiaries as of March 31, 2013. Since the introduction of the Community Energy System in 2004, a total of 31 districts have obtained the license to supply electricity through the Community Energy System, but 17 of such districts have reportedly abandoned plans to adopt the Community Energy System, largely due to the relatively high level of capital expenditure required, the rise in fuel costs and the lower-than-expected electricity output per cost. However, if the Community Energy System is widely adopted, it will erode our currently dominant market position in the generation and distribution of electricity in Korea, and may have a material adverse effect on our business, growth, revenues and profitability.
While preparing for the sixthSixth Basic Plan which was announced in February 2013, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy accepted additional applications from private independent power producers in addition to those from our generation subsidiaries, for construction of additional coal-fired power plants. Previously, private enterprises were not permitted to own and operate coal-fired power plants in Korea. Out of such applications by 15 independent power producers applied for construction of a total of 40 additional coal-fired generation units with aggregate
generation capacity of 37,100 megawatts, of which the Government approved applications for the construction of six generation units with aggregate generation capacity of 6,000 megawatts as well asmegawatts. The Government also approved applications for construction of two additional generation units with aggregate generation capacity of 2,000 megawatts to provideprepare for the contingency of failed or delayed construction of these sixthe foregoing generation units. Construction for the six generation units is scheduled to be completed between 2018 and 2021. While it remains to be seen whether construction of these generation units will be completed as scheduled, if it were to be completed as scheduled or independent power producers are permitted to build additional generation capacity (whether coal-fired or not), our market share in Korea may decrease, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
In addition, under the Community Energy System adopted by the Government in 2004, a minimal amount of electricity is supplied directly to consumers on a localized basis by independent power producers without having to undergo the cost-based pool system used by our generation subsidiaries and most independent power producers to distribute electricity nationwide. A supplier of electricity under the Community Energy System must be authorized by Korea Electricity Commission and be approved by the minister of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy in accordance with the Electricity Business Act. The purpose of this system is to geographically decentralize electricity supply and thereby reduce transmission losses and improve the efficiency
of energy use. These entities do not supply electricity on a national level but are licensed to supply electricity to limited geographic areas. As of March 31, 2014, the aggregate generation capacity of suppliers participating in the Community Energy System represented less than 1% of that of our generation subsidiaries in the aggregate. Accordingly, we currently do not expect the Community Energy System to be widely adopted, especially in light of the significant level of capital expenditure required for such direct supply. However, if the Community Energy System is widely adopted, it may erode our currently dominant market position in the generation and distribution of electricity in Korea, and may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
The electric power industry, which began its liberalization process with the establishment of our power generation subsidiaries in April 2001, may become further liberalized in accordance with the Restructuring Plan. See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Restructuring of the Electric Power Industry in Korea.”
In the residential sector, consumers may use natural gas, oil and coal for space and water heating and cooking. However, currently there is no practical substitute for electricity for lighting and other household appliances, which is available on commercially affordable terms.
In the commercial sector, electricity is the dominant energy source for lighting, office equipment and air conditioning. For its other uses, such as space and water heating, natural gas and, to a lesser extent, oil, provide competitive alternatives to electricity.
In the industrial sector, currently thereelectricity is no practical substitutethe dominant energy source for electricity in a number of industrial applications, including lighting and power for many types of industrial machinery and processes that are available on commercially affordable terms. For other uses, such as space and water heating, electricity competes with oil and natural gas and potentially with gas-fired combined heating and power plants.
Regulation
We are a statutory juridical corporation established under the KEPCO Act for the purpose of ensuring a stable supply of electric power and further contributing toward the sound development of the national economy through facilitating development of electric power resources and carrying out proper and effective operation of the electricity business. The KEPCO Act (including the amendment thereto) prescribes that we engage in the following activities:
1. | development of electric power resources; |
2. | generation, transmission, transformation and distribution of electricity and other related |
3. | research and development of technology |
4. | overseas |
5. | investments or contributions related to the businesses mentioned in items 1 through 4; |
6. | businesses incidental to items 1 through 5; |
7. |
a. | it is necessary to develop certain real estate held by us due to external factors, such as relocation, consolidation, conversion to indoor or underground facilities or deterioration of |
b. | it is necessary to develop certain real estate held by us to accommodate development of relevant real estate due to such real estate being incorporated into or being adjacent to an area under planned urban development; and |
8. | other |
The KEPCO Act currently requires that our profits be applied in the following order of priority:
first, to make up any accumulated deficit;
second, to set aside 20.0% or more of profits as a legal reserve until the accumulated reserve reaches one-half of our capital;
third, to pay dividends to shareholders;
fourth, to set aside a reserve for expansion of our business;
fifth, to set aside a voluntary reserve for the equalization of dividends; and
sixth, to carry forward surplus profit.
Based on our consolidated financial results asAs of December 31, 2012,2013, the legal reserve was Won 1,604 billion and the voluntary reserve was Won 25,96122,753 billion, which consisted of reserve for business expansion of Won 20,14416,936 billion, reserve for investment in social overhead capital of Won 5,277 billion, research for research and human development of Won 330 billion and reserve for equalizing dividends of Won 210 billion.
We are under the supervision of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, which has principal responsibility with respect to director and management appointments and rate approval.
Because the Government owns part of our capital stock, the Government’s Board of Audit and Inspection may audit our books.
The Electricity Business Act requires that licenses be obtained in relation to the generation, transmission, and distribution and salesales of electricity, with limited exceptions. We hold the license to generate, transmit, distribute and sell electricity. Several other companies have received a license solely for power generation. See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Purchase of Electricity—Cost-based Pool System.” Each of our six generation subsidiaries holds an electricity generation license. As of March 31, 2013, we and 11 other electricity suppliers (we nationally and the 11 other suppliers for a total of 14 districts) had a license for the distribution of electricity under the Community Energy System as authorized by Korea Electricity Commission and approved by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy in accordance with the Electricity Business Act. The Electricity Business Act also governs the formulation and approval of electricity rates in Korea. See “—Sales and Customers—Electricity Rates” above. In addition, while preparing for the sixth Basic Plan, which was announced in February 2013, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy accepted applications from private independent power producers, in addition to those from our generation subsidiaries, for construction of additional coal-fired power plants. Previously, private enterprises were not permitted to own and operate coal-fired power plants in Korea. See Item 4B “Business Overview—Competition”.
Our operations are subject to various laws and regulations relating to environmental protection and safety. See “—Community Programs” above.
Proposed Sale by Us of Certain Power Plants and Equity Interests
The following table summarizes our current plans for sale of certain of our assets. The consummation of these plans, however, is subject to, among others, related Government policies and market conditions.
Equity holdings | Primary business | Fair value / book value as of December 31, 2012 | Ownership percentage as of December 31, 2012 | Ownership percentage to be sold | ||||||||||
(in billions of Won) | ||||||||||||||
KEPCO Plant Service & Engineering Co., Ltd. | Overhauling and repairing power plants | 1,918 | 70.0 | % | 10.0 | % | ||||||||
KEPCO Engineering & Construction Co., Inc | Designing and engineering power plants | 2,006 | 74.9 | % | 16.9 | % | ||||||||
LG Uplus Corp. | Electronics, telecommunications and Internet access services | 300 | 8.8 | % | 8.8 | % | ||||||||
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. | Electricity metering | 49 | 29.0 | % | 29.0 | % |
Equity Holdings Primary Business KEPCO Plant Service & Engineering Co., Ltd. KEPCO Engineering & Construction Co., Inc. LG Uplus Corp. Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. Fair Value as of
December 31, 2013 Ownership
Percentage as
of December 31,
2013 Ownership
Percentage
to be Sold (in billions of Won) Utility plant maintenance 1,554 63.0 % 12.0 % Architectural engineering for utility plants 1,639 70.9 % 19.9 % Telecommunications and Internet access services 413 8.8 % 8.8 % Electricity metering 39 29.0 % 29.0 %
KEPCO Plant Service & Engineering Co., Ltd.
In December 2007, we completed the initial public offering of KEPCO Plant Service & Engineering Co., Ltd., or KPS, formerly our wholly-owned subsidiary, by listing approximately 20.0% of its equity interest on the Korea stock exchangeStock Exchange for an aggregate considerationgross proceeds of Won 120 billion. Pursuant to the Third Phase of the Public Institution Reform Plan, we sold through block sales to third party investors 5.0% of KPS shares through a block sale onin December 2012, 5.0% in September 11, 2012.2012 and another 7.0% of KPS shares in December 2013. We currently hold 70.0%a 63.0% equity interest in KPS.
KEPCO Engineering & Construction Co., Inc.
Pursuant to the Third Phase of the Public Institution Reform Plan announced by the Government in August 2008, we conducted the initial public offering of Korea Engineering and Construction Co., Ltd., or KEPCO E&C formerly known as Korea Power Engineering Co., Ltd., in December 2009. We2009 for gross proceeds to us of Won 165 billion, following which we owned 97.9%77.9% of KEPCO E&C’s shares prior to the initial public offering which declined to 77.9% following the initial public offering. Gross proceeds from the initial public offering were Won 165 billion.shares. In furtherance of the Third Phase of the Public Institution Reform Plan, we sold 3.08% of our shares in KEPCO E&C onin November 29, 2011 to third party investors for gross proceeds of approximately Won 101 billion. In December 2013, we further sold a 4.0% equity interest in KEPCO E&C to third party investors for gross proceeds of approximately Won 85 billion. We currently hold 74.9%a 70.9% equity interest in KEPCO E&C.
LG Uplus Corp.
We currently own a 8.8% equity interest in LG Uplus Corp., a telecommunications and Internet access service provider in Korea which is the surviving entity after the consolidation of LG Dacom, LG Telecom and LG Powercom in January 2010. Pursuant to the Fifth Phase of the Public Institution Reform Plan, we currently plan to sell our remaining equity interest in LG Uplus Corp. subject to prevailing economic and market conditions.
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd.
In February 2003, we privatized Korea Electric Power Industrial Development, or KEPID, formerly our wholly-owned subsidiary, by selling 51.0% of its equity interest to Korea Freedom Federation. Pursuant to the Fifth Phase of the Public Institution Reform Plan announced by the Government in January 2009, we sold 20% of the KEPID shares through additional listing andlisting. We currently plan to sell the remaining 29.0% of KEPID’s equity interest based on, among others, considerations of economic and market conditions.
Item 4C. Organizational Structure
As of December 31, 2012,2013, we had 8180 subsidiaries, 4058 associates and 3236 joint ventures (not including any special purpose entities).
Subsidiaries
Our wholly-owned six generation subsidiaries are KHNP, KOSEP, KOMIPO, KOWEPO, KOSPO and EWP. Our non-generation subsidiaries include KEPCO E&C, KEPCO KPS, KEPCO NF, and KEPCO KDN. For a full list of our subsidiaries, including foreign subsidiaries, and their respective jurisdiction of incorporation, please see Exhibit 8.1 attached to this annual report.
Associates and Joint Ventures
An associate is an entity over which we have significant influence and that is neither a subsidiary nor an interest in a joint venture. Significant influence is the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee but isdoes not have control or joint control over those policies. AAccording to IFRS 11, joint venture is a contractual
arrangement whereby wearrangements are classified as joint operations or joint ventures, depending on the rights and other parties undertake an economic activity that is subject to joint control (namely when the strategic financial and operating policy decisions relating to the activities of the joint venture require the unanimous consentobligations of the parties sharing control)to the arrangements. As a result of IFRS 11, we have changed our accounting policy for our interests in joint arrangements. Under IFRS 11, we have classified our interests in joint arrangements as either joint operations (if we have rights to the assets, and obligations for the liabilities, relating to an arrangement) or joint ventures (if we have rights only to the net assets of an arrangement). Joint ventureWhen making this assessment, we considered the structure of the arrangements, that involve the establishmentlegal form of aany separate entityvehicles, the contractual terms of the arrangements and other facts and circumstances. Previously, the structure of the arrangement was the sole focus of classification. We have re-evaluated our involvement in which each party has an interest are referred to asour only joint arrangement and have reclassified the investment from a jointly controlled entities. The accounts of the associates andentity to a joint ventures are not required to be consolidated in our financial statements. We record our equity interests in these associates and joint ventures as investments under the equity method of accounting.venture. See Note 17 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements.
The table below sets forth for each of our principal associates and joint ventures the name and our percentage shareholdingshareholdings and their principal activities as of December 31, 2012.2013.
Ownership (Percent) | Principal Activities | |||||
Associates: | ||||||
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | |||||
Korea Gas Corporation | Importing and wholesaling LNG | |||||
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development | Electricity metering | |||||
YTN Co., Ltd. | Broadcasting | |||||
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. | Generating and distributing vapor and hot/cold water | |||||
Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd.(1) | Wind power | |||||
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. | ||||||
| Management of power market | |||||
AMEC Partners Korea(3) | 19 | Resources development | ||||
Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd.(4) | Power generation | |||||
Ecollite Co., Ltd. | Artificial light-weight aggregate | |||||
Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd. | ||||||
Alternergy Philippine Investments Corporation | Power generation | |||||
Muju Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | |||||
Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | |||||
Daeryun Power | Power generation | |||||
JinanJangsu Wind Power Co., | Power generation | |||||
Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. | ||||||
| Power generation | |||||
KNH Solar Co., Ltd. | Power generation | |||||
SPC Power Corporation | Power generation | |||||
Gemeng International Energy | ||||||
| ||||||
KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd. | ||||||
KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd. | ||||||
Dolphin Property Limited | Rental company | |||||
E-Power | Operation of utility plant and sales of electricity | |||||
PT Wampu Electric Power | Power generation | |||||
PT. Bayan Resources TBK | Resources development | |||||
| ||||||
S-Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | |||||
Pioneer Gas Power Limited(6) | Power generation | |||||
Eurasia Energy Holdings | Power generation and resources development | |||||
Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | |||||
Busan Solar Co., Ltd. | Power generation | |||||
Hadong Mineral Fiber Co., Ltd. | Recycling fly ashes | |||||
Green Biomass Co., Ltd. | Power generation | |||||
Gumi-Ochang Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd.(1) | 10 | Power generation | ||||
Chungbuk Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd.(1) | 10 | Power generation | ||||
Cheonan Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd.(1) | 10 | Power generation | ||||
PT. Mutiara Jawa | 29 | Manufacturing and operating floating coal terminal | ||||
Hyundai Asan Solar Power Co., Ltd. | 10 | Power generation |
Ownership (Percent) | Principal Activities | |||||
Heang Bok Do Si Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. | 28 | Power generation | ||||
Jeonnam Solar Co., Ltd. | 10 | Power generation | ||||
DS POWER Co., Ltd. | 11 | Power generation | ||||
| 10 | Power generation | ||||
Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. | 44 | Power generation | ||||
KS Solar Corp. Ltd.(3) | 19 | Power generation | ||||
KOSCON Photovoltaic Co., Ltd.(1) | 19 | Power generation | ||||
Yeongwol Energy Station Co., Ltd.(1) | 13 | Power generation | ||||
Yeonan Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. (1) | 19 | Power generation | ||||
Q1 Solar Co., Ltd. | 28 | Power generation | ||||
Jinbhuvish Power Generation(1) | 5 | Power generation | ||||
Best Solar Energy Co., Ltd. | 23 | Power generation | ||||
Seokcheon Solar Power Co., Ltd.(1) | Power generation | |||||
SE Green Energy Co., Ltd. | 48 | Power generation support | ||||
Daegu Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. | 29 | Power generation | ||||
Jeongam Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 40 | Power generation | ||||
Korea Power Engineering Service Co., Ltd. | 29 | Construction and service | ||||
| ||||||
| ||||||
| ||||||
Joint | ||||||
| ||||||
KEPCO-Uhde Inc. | Power generation | |||||
Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd.(7) | Power generation | |||||
Datang Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | |||||
Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. | Holding company | |||||
Shuweihat Asia Operation & Maintenance Company | Maintenance of utility plant | |||||
Waterbury Lake Uranium | ||||||
ASM-BG Investicii AD | Power generation | |||||
RES Technology AD | Power generation | |||||
KV Holdings, Inc. | Power generation | |||||
KEPCO SPC Power Corporation | Construction and operation of utility plant | |||||
Canada Korea Uranium Limited Partnership(8) | 13 | Resources development | ||||
KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited | Holding company | |||||
Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power | Power generation | |||||
Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | |||||
Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power | Power generation | |||||
Rabigh Electricity Company | ||||||
Rabigh Operation & Maintenance Company | Maintenance of utility plant | |||||
Jamaica Public Service Company Limited | Power generation | |||||
KW Nuclear Components Co., Ltd. | ||||||
Busan Shinho Solar power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | |||||
STX Electric Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | |||||
| Power generation | |||||
Global Trade | Exporting products and technology of small or medium | |||||
Expressway Solar-light Power Generation | ||||||
| Power generation | |||||
KODE NOVUS 1 | Power generation | |||||
KODE NOVUS 2 | Power generation |
Ownership (Percent) | Principal Activities | |||||
Daejung Offshore Wind Power Co., | Power generation | |||||
| Power generation | |||||
KEPCO-ALSTOM Power Electronics Systems, Inc. | ||||||
Dongbu Power Dangjin Corporation | Power generation | |||||
Honam Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | |||||
Nepal Water & Energy Development Company | 44 | Power generation | ||||
Kelar S.A.(7) | 65 | Power generation | ||||
PT. Tanjung Power Indonesia | 35 | Power generation | ||||
Incheon New Power Co., Ltd. | 29 | Power generation | ||||
Seokmun Energy Co., Ltd. | 34 | Integrated energy business |
Notes:
(1) | We |
(2) | The Government regulates our ability to make operating and financial decisions over the entity, as the Government requires maintaining arms-length transactions between KPX and our other subsidiaries. We |
(3) | We can exercise significant influence by virtue of our contractual right to appoint a director to the board of directors of the entity. |
(5) | We can exercise significant influence by virtue of our contractual right to appoint one out of four members of the steering committee of the entity. Moreover, we have significant financial transactions with the associate, through which we can |
According to the shareholder agreement, all critical financial and operating decisions must be agreed by all parties with ownership interests. For these reasons, the entities are classified as joint ventures. |
(8) | We |
Item 4D. Property, Plant and Equipment
Our property consists mainly of power generation, transmission and distribution equipment and facilities in Korea. See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Power Generation,” “—Transmission and Distribution” and “—Capital Investment Program.” In addition, we own our corporate headquarters building complex at 167 Samseong-dong,512 Yeongdongdaero, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-791, Korea. OnIn June 24, 2005, the Government announced its policy to relocate the headquarters of government-invested enterprises, including us and certain of our subsidiaries, out of the Seoul metropolitan area to other provinces in Korea. As of December 31, 2012,2013, the net book value of our property, plant and equipment was Won 122,376129,638 billion. As of December 31, 2012,2013, investment property, which
is accounted for separately from our property, plant and equipment, amounted to Won 590538 billion. No significant amount of our properties is leased. There are no material encumbrances on our properties, including power generation, transmission and distribution equipment and facilities.
ITEM 4A. | UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS |
We do not have any unresolved comments from the SEC staff regarding our periodic reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).
ITEM 5. | OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS |
You should read the following discussion on our operating and financial review and prospects together with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes which appear elsewhere in this annual report. Our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows may materially change from time to time, for reasons including various policy initiatives (including changes to the Restructuring Plan) by the Government in relation to the Korean electric power industry, and accordingly our historical performance may not be indicative of our future performance. See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Restructuring of the Electric Power Industry in Korea” and Item 3D. “Risk Factors—The Government may adopt policy measures to substantially restructure the Korean electric power industry or our operational structure, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, operations and profitability.”
Overview
As weWe are a predominant market participant in the Korean electric power industry, and our business is heavily regulated by the Government, including with respect to the rates we charge to customers for the electricity we
sell. In addition, our business requires a high level of capital expenditures for the construction of electricity generation, transmission and distribution facilities and is subject to a number of variable factors, including demand for electricity in Korea and fluctuations in fuel costs, which are in turn impacted by the movements in the exchange rates between the Won and other currencies.
Under the Electricity Business Law and the Price Stabilization Act, the Government generally establishes electricity rates at levels that are expected to permit us to recover our operating costs attributable to our basic electricity generation, transmission and distribution operations in addition to receiving a fair investment return on capital used in those operations. For a detailed description of the fair investment return, see Item 4B. “Business Overview—Sales and Customers—Electricity Rates.” We have recordedFrom 2008 to 2012, we had consecutive net losses and, from time to time, operating income for every fiscal year since our inception in 1981; however, since 2008, we have recorded operating losses and/or net losses, due to substantial increases in fuel prices which have more than offset the effect from the increases in the electricity tariff rates we charge to our customers.
We estimate that In 2013, largely due to increases in electricity tariff rates and the general decline of fuel prices, will continuewe had an operating profit and a net profit.
If fuel prices were to be volatilerise substantially and accordinglyrapidly in the future, such rise may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and profitability in 2013 and beyond.profitability. In part to address these concerns, the Government from time to time increases the electricity tariff rates (most recently in August 2012January and JanuaryNovember 2013). However, such increases may be insufficient to fully offset the adverse impact from the rise in the fuel costs, and since such increases typically require lengthy public deliberations in order to be implemented, the tariff increases often occur with a significant time lag and as a result our results of operations and cash flows may suffer.
Further to the announcement by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy in February 2010, a new electricity tariff system went into effect on July 1, 2011. This system is designed to overhaul the prior system for determining electricity tariff chargeable to customers by more closely aligning the tariff levels to movements in
fuel prices, with the aim of providing more timely pricing signals to the market regarding the expected changes in electricity tariff levels and encouraging more efficient use of electricity by customers. Previously, the electricity tariff consisted of two components: (i) base rate and (ii) usage rate based on the cost of electricity and the amount of electricity consumed by the end-users. Under the new tariff system, the electricity tariff is also to havehas a third component of fuel cost-adjustedcost pass-through adjustment (“FCPTA”) rate, which is to be added to or subtracted on a monthly basis two months later from the sum of the base rate and the usage rate on a monthly basis based on the three-month average movements of coal, LNG and oil prices. The new tariff system is intended to provide greater financial stability and ensure a minimum return on investment to electricity suppliers, such as us. However, due to inflationary and other policy considerations relating to protecting the consumers from sudden and substantial rises in electricity tariff, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy issued a hold order on July 29, 2011 suspending our billing and collecting of the fuel cost pass-through adjustment (“FCPTA”)FCPTA amount. The hold order remains in effect to-date. In addition,Furthermore, on January 11, 2013, we were informed by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy informed us that the fuel cost-based tariff adjustmentFCPTA system would needneeded to be reassessed in light of the other factors such as the prolonged unbilled period aftersince the announcement of suchthe FCPTA system. There is no assurance as to when the Government will lift the hold order and allow us to bill and collect the accumulated FCPTA amount or whether the new tariff system will undergo other amendments to the effect that it will not fully cover our fuel and other costs on a timely basis or at all, or will not have unintended consequences that we are not presently aware of. Any such development may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. SeeFor further discussion, including in relation to accounting, see Item 4B. “Business Overview—Recent Developments—Correction of Accounting for Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment”, Item 4B. “Business Overview—Sales and Customers—Electricity Rates”, Item 4B. “—Recent Developments—Correction of Accounting for Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment,” Item 5B. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Overview,” Item 5B.5A. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Critical Accounting Policy—Correction of Accounting for Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment” and Notes 2, 15 and 36 to the notes to our consolidated annual financial statements.Adjustment.”
The results of our operations are largely affected by the following factors:
demand and supply offor electricity;
electricity rates we charge to our customers;
fuel costs; and
the exchange rates of Won against other foreign currencies, in particular the U.S. dollar.
Demand and Supply offor Electricity
Our sales are largely dependent on the level of demand for electricity in Korea and the rates we charge for the electricity we sell.
Demand for electricity in Korea grew at a compounded average rate of 4.9%4.3% per annum for the five years ended December 31, 2012.2013. According to Thethe Bank of Korea, the compounded growth rate for real gross domestic product, or GDP, was approximately 2.9%3.2% during the same period. The GDP increased, on a year-on-year basis, by 6.2% in 2010, by 3.6%3.7% in 2011, by 2.3% in 2012 and by 2.0%3.0% in 2012.2013.
The table below sets forth, for the periods indicated, the annual rate of growth in Korea’s gross domestic product, or GDP, and the annual rate of growth in electricity demand (measured by total annual electricity consumption).
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Growth in GDP (at 2008 constant prices) | 2.3 | % | 0.3 | % | 6.2 | % | 3.6 | % | 2.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Growth in GDP | 0.7 | % | 6.5 | % | 3.7 | % | 2.3 | % | 3.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Growth in electricity consumption | 4.5 | % | 2.4 | % | 10.1 | % | 4.8 | % | 2.5 | % | 2.4 | % | 10.1 | % | 4.8 | % | 2.5 | % | 1.8 | % |
Demand for electricity may be categorized either by the type of its usage or by the type of customers. The following describes the demand for electricity by the type of its usage, namely, industrial, commercial and residential:
The industrial sector currently represents the largest segment of electricity consumption in Korea. While demand from the industrial sector has increased steadily as a result of the economic expansion in Korea, it has gradually declined as a percentage of total demand from 57.3% in 2000 to 55.3% in 2012. Demand for electricity from the industrial sector was 258,102265,373 gigawatt hours in 2012,2013, representing ana 2.8% increase by 2.6% from 2011,2012, largely due to the continued export-led growth of the Korean economy.
Demand for electricity from the commercial sector has increased in recent years, bothlargely due to increased commercial activities in absolute termsKorea and as a percentage of total demand, as a result of the continuing growthrapid expansion of the service sector inof the Korean economy, which has led to anresulted in increased number of office buildings,building construction, office automation and use of air conditioners. Growth in the commercial sector is also attributable to the construction industry and the expansion of the leisure and distribution industries. Demand from the commercial sector was 101,593 gigawatt hours in 2012, representing an increase by 2.1% from 2011, largely as a result of the increased commercial activities in Korea, which was partially offset by weakened consumer sentiment in light of the enhanced uncertainties in the global economy.
Demand for electricity from the residentialcommercial sector was 65,484remained largely stable at 102,196 gigawatt hours in 2012,2013, representing ana 0.6% increase by 3.1% from 2011. 2012.
In 2012,2013, we provideddistributed electricity to approximately 2022 million households, which represent substantially all of the households in Korea. Demand for electricity from the residential sector is largely dependent on population growth and the increased use of heaters, air conditioners heating and other electricalelectronic appliances. Residential demandDemand for electricity increasedfrom the residential sector remained relatively stable at 65,815 gigawatt hours in 2012, largely due2013, representing a 0.5% increase compared to increased usage of heating and air conditioning.2012.
For a discussion on demand by the type of customers, see Item 4B. “Business Overview—Sales and Customers—Demand by the Type of Usage.”
As for the supply of electricity in Korea,Since our inception, we have since our inception had and, subject to any substantial future developments in respect of the Restructuring Plan, expect to have, the predominant market share in terms of generation of electricity as well asgenerated in Korea. As for electricity we purchase from the market for transmission and distribution thereof to our end-users, our generation subsidiaries accounted for 88.9%, 90.9% and 89.4% in 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively, while the end-users.remainder was accounted for by independent power producers. As for transmission and distribution of electricity, we accounted for approximately 99%have historically handled, expect to continue to handle, substantially all of thesuch activities in Korea.
We expect that we will continue to have a dominant market share in terms ofthe generation, transmission and distribution capacity, in each of the past three years. While as of March 31, 2013, there were 11 other entities in Korea that are also licensed to supply electricity under the Community Energy System, these suppliers are, by the terms of their licenses, permitted to supply electricity to limited geographical areas, and their aggregate
transmission and distribution capacity accounted for approximately 1% of our market share. Furthermore, since the introduction of the Community Energy System in 2004, a total of 31 districts have obtained the license to supply electricity through the Community Energy System, but 17 of such districts have reportedly abandoned plans to adopt the Community Energy System, largely due to the relatively high level of capital expenditure required, the rise in fuel costs and the lower-than-expected electricity output per cost. See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Transmission and Distribution.”
As for the generation of electricity that we purchase for transmission and distribution from the market to our end-users, our generation subsidiaries accounted for 91.5%, 88.9% and 90.9% in 2010, 2011 and 2012, respectively, with the remainder accounted for by independent power producers. We currently expect that our market dominance in the supply of electricity in Korea will continue for the foreseeable future, absent any substantial changes to the Restructuring Plan or other policy initiatives by the Government in relation to the Korean electric power industry, or an unexpected proliferationlevel of districts opting for supply ofmarket penetration by independent power producers or localized electricity throughsuppliers under the Community Energy System. In addition, while preparing for the sixth Basic Plan, which was announced in February 2013, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy accepted applications from private independent power producers, in addition to those from our generation subsidiaries, for construction of additional coal-fired power plants. Previously, private enterprises were not permitted to own and operate coal-fired power plants in Korea. Out of such applications by 15 independent power producers for construction of a total of 40 coal-fired generation units with aggregate generation capacity of 37,100 megawatts, the Government approved applications for the construction of six generation units with aggregate generation capacity of 6,000 megawatts as well as two additional generation units with aggregate generation capacity of 2,000 megawatts to provide for the contingency of failed or delayed construction of these six generation units. Construction for the six generation units is scheduled to be completed between 2018 and 2021. While it remains to be seen whether construction of these generation units will be completed as scheduled, if it were to be completed as scheduled or independent power producers are permitted to build additional generation capacity (whether coal-fired or not), our market share in Korea may decrease, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Competition.”
Electricity Rates
Under the Electricity Business Law and the Price Stabilization Act, electricity rates are established at levels that will permit us to recover our operating costs attributable to our basic electricity generation, transmission and distribution operations in addition to receiving a fair investment return on capital used in those operations. For further discussion of fair investment return, see Item 4B. “Business Overview—Sales and Customers—Electricity Rates.”
From time to time, our actual rate of return on invested capital may differ significantly from the fair rate of return on invested capital assumed for the purposes of electricity tariff approvals, for reasons, among others, related to movements in fuel prices, exchange rates and demand for electricity that differs from what is assumed for determining our fair rate of return. For example, between 1987 and 1990, the actual rate of return was above the fair rate of return due to declining fuel costs and rising demand for electricity at a rate not anticipated for purposes of determining our fair rate of return. Similarly,electricity. In contrast, depreciation of the Won against the U.S. dollar accounted for our actual rates of return being lower than the fair rate of return for the period from 1996 to 2000. For the period since 2006, our actual rate of return has been lower than the fair rate of return largely due to a general increase in fuel costs and additional facility investment costs incurred, the effects of which were not offset by timely increases in our tariff rates. Partly in response to the variance between our actual rates of return and the fair rate of return, the Government from time to time adjustsincreases the electricity tariff rates, but there typically is a significant time lag for the tariff adjustmentincrease as such adjustmentincrease requires a series of deliberative processes and administrative procedures and the Government also has to consider other policy considerations, such as the inflationary effect of overall tariff increases and the efficiency of energy use through sector-specific tariff increases. Furthermore, there is no assurance thatFor the period since 2006, our actual rate of return has been lower than the fair rate of return largely due to increases in fuel costs and additional facility investment costs, the effects of which were not offset by timely increases in the electricity tariff adjustments will have the desired effect at a level anticipated or at all, or that they will not have unintended adverse consequences.rates.
Recent adjustmentsincreases to the electricity tariff rates by the Government involve the following, which were made principally in response to the rising fuel prices which hurt our profitability as well as to encourage a more efficient use of electricity by the different sectors:
effective August 1, 2010, a 3.5% overall increase in our average tariff rate, consisting of increases in the residential, educational, industrial, street lighting and overnight power usage tariff rates by 2.0%, 5.9%, 5.8%, 5.9% and 8.0%, while making no changes to the commercial and agricultural tariff.
effective August 1, 2011, a 4.9% overall increase in our average tariff rate, consisting of increases in the industrial, commercial, residential, educational, street lighting and overnight power usage tariff rates by 6.1%, 4.4%, 2.0%, 6.3%, 6.3% and 8.0%, while making no changes to the agricultural tariff.
effective December 5, 2011, a 4.5% overall increase in our average tariff rate, consisting of increases in the industrial, commercial, educational and street lighting tariff rates by 6.5%, 4.5%, 4.5% and 6.5%, while making no changes to the residential, agricultural and overnight power usage tariff.
effective August 6, 2012, a 4.9% overall increase in our average tariff rate, consisting of increases in the residential, commercial, educational, industrial, street lighting, agricultural and overnight power usage tariff rates by 2.7%, 4.4%, 3.0%, 6.0%, 4.9%, 3.0% and 4.9%, respectively.
effective January 14, 2013, a 4.0% overall increase in our average tariff rate, consisting of increases in the residential, commercial, industrial, educational, industrial,agricultural, street lighting agricultural and overnight power usage tariff rates by 2.0%, 4.6%, 4.4%, 3.5%, 4.4%3.0%, 5.0%, 3.0% and 5.0%, respectively.
Our electricity
effective November 21, 2013, a 5.4% overall increase in our average tariff rate, consisting of increases in the residential, commercial, industrial, agricultural, street lighting and overnight power usage tariff rates are subjectby 2.7%, 5.8%, 6.4%, 3.0%, 5.4% and 5.4%, respectively, while making no change to the fuel cost pass-through tariff adjustment system. For background and recent developments relating to such system, see Item 4B. “Business Overview—Recent Developments—Correction of Accounting for Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment”, Item 4B. “Business Overview—Sales and Customers—Electricity Rates”, Item 4B. “—Recent Developments— Correction of Accounting for Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment,” Item 5B. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Overview”, Item 5B. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Critical Accounting Policy—Correction of Accounting for Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment” and Notes 2, 15 and 36 to the notes to our consolidated annual financial statements.educational tariff.
Fuel Costs
Our results of operations are also significantly affected by the cost of producing electricity, which is subject to a variety of factors, including, in particular, the cost of fuel.
Cost of fuel in any given year is a function of the volume of fuels consumed and the unit fuel cost for the various types of fuel used for generation of electricity (i) bywhich affects the cost structure for both our generation subsidiaries or (ii) byand independent power producers from whom we purchase electric power. A significant change in the unit fuel costs materially impacts the costs of electricity generated by our generation subsidiaries, (whichwhich mainly comprise our fuel costs form partunder the cost of our power generation, transmission and distribution expenses)sales, as well as, to our knowledge, the costs of electricity generated by the independent power producers that sell their electricity to us (which costs form part(see Item 4A. “Purchase of Electricity—Cost-based Pool System”), which mainly comprise our purchased power expenses).costs under the cost of sales. We believe that unit fuel costs materially impact the total fuel costs for both generated power and purchased power, but we are however unable to provide a comparative analysis since the unit fuel cost information for purchased power is proprietary information of the independent power producers who use a significantly different composition of the types of fuels for power generation.and their cost structures are proprietary information.
Fuel costs accounted for 46.8%49.7%, 49.7%48.5% and 48.5%45.1% of our sales and 51.1%50.2%, 50.2%49.2% and 49.2%47.8% of our cost of sales in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, respectively. Substantially all of the fuel (except for anthracite coal) used by our generation subsidiaries is imported from outside of Korea at prices determined in part by prevailing market prices in currencies other than Won. In addition, our generation subsidiaries purchase a significant portion of their fuel requirements under contracts with limited quantity and duration. Pursuant to the terms of our long-term supply
contracts, prices are adjusted from time to time subject to prevailing market conditions. See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Fuel.”
Uranium accounted for 34.1%34.9%, 34.9%33.5% and 33.6%30.9% of our fuel requirements in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, respectively. Coal accounted for 45.5%43.1%, 45.0%42.5% and 44.2%43.0% of our fuel requirements in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, respectively. LNG accounted for 16.6%16.7%, 16.7%17.7% and 17.6%19.7% of our fuel requirements in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, respectively. Oil accounted for 2.7%2.4%, 2.4%3.2% and 3.5%3.3% of our fuel requirements in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, respectively. In each case, the fuel requirements are measured by the amount of electricity generated by us and our generation subsidiaries and do not include electricity purchased from third parties.independent power producers. In order to ensure stable supplies of fuel materials, our generation subsidiaries enter into long-term and medium-term contracts with various suppliers and supplement such supplies with fuel materials purchased on spot markets.
In the past few years, the
The price of bituminous coal fluctuated significantly. For example, the price of bituminous coal increased substantially in the first half of 2008, after which it gradually decreased. However, it has increased againfluctuates significantly from the second half of 2009.time to time. See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Fuel.” In 2012,2013, approximately 80.3%89.0% of the bituminous coal requirements of our generation subsidiaries were purchased under long-term contracts and 19.7%11.0% purchased on the spot market. The average “free on board” Newcastle coal 6300 GAR spot price index published by Platts wasdeclined from US$96.2 per ton in 2012 and slightly decreased to US$92.385.1 per ton in 2013 and US$73.8 per ton as of April 9, 2013.11, 2014. If the price of bituminous coal price were to sharply rise, our generation subsidiaries may not be able to secure their respective bituminous coal supplies at prices commercially acceptable to them. In addition, any significant interruption or delay in the supply of fuel, bituminous coal in particular, from any of their suppliers could cause our generation subsidiaries to purchase fuel on the spot market at prices higher than contracted, resulting in an increase in fuel cost.
Nuclear power has a stable and relatively low-cost structure and forms a significant portion of electricity supplied in Korea. Due to significantly lower unit fuel costs as compared withto those of conventionalfor thermal power plants, our nuclear power plants are generally operateoperated at full capacity with only routine shutdowns for fuel replacement and maintenance.maintenance, with limited exceptions. In case of shortage in electricity generation resulting from stoppages of the nuclear power plants, we seek to make up for such shortage with power generated by our non-nuclearthermal power plants.
Because the Government heavily regulates the rates we charge for the electricity we sell (see Item 4B. “Business Overview—Sales and Customers—Electricity Rates”), our ability to pass on such cost increases to our customers is limited. For example, sincefrom 2008 to 2012 we recordedhad consecutive net losses and, from time to time, operating loss and/or net losslosses, largely due to sustained rises in fuel costs that were neither timely nor sufficiently offset by a corresponding rise in electricity tariff rates. If the fuel prices remain at the current level or continue tosubstantially increase and the Government, out of concern for inflation or for other reasons, maintains the current level of electricity tariff and does not increase it to a level to sufficiently offset the impact of rising fuel prices or prolongs the hold-order on the fuel cost pass-through adjustment system or cancelamend or modify it to the effect that we are prevented from timely billing and collection of the fuel cost pass-through adjustment amount on a timely basis or at all, the price increases will negatively affect our profit margins or even cause us to suffer net losses and our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows would suffer.
Movements of the Won against the U.S. Dollar and Other Foreign Currencies
Korean Won has fluctuatedfluctuates significantly against major currencies in recent years.from time to time. For fluctuations in exchange rates, see Item 3A. “Selected Financial Data—Currency Translations and Exchange Rates.” In particular, Korean Won underwent substantial fluctuations during the recent global financial crisis, and has remainedremains subject to significant volatility even in its aftermath.volatility. The Noon Buying Rate per one U.S. dollar increaseddecreased from Won 1,130.6 on December 31, 2010 to Won 1,158.5 on December 31, 2011 and decreased to Won 1,063.2 on December 31, 2012 and to Won 1,055.3 on December 31, 2013 and was Won 1,136.81,035.4 on April 5, 2013 as a result of the escalation in tension with North Korea.11, 2014. While the Won generally appreciated against U.S. dollar and other foreign currencies in 2012,2013, Won also depreciates from time to time, including in recent months, and such depreciation may result in
a significant increase in the cost of fuel materials and equipment purchased from overseas as well as the cost of servicing our foreign currency debt. As of December 31, 2012,2013, approximately 21.4%20.9% of our long-term debt (including the current portion but excluding issue discounts and premium) before accounting for swap transactions was denominated in foreign currencies, principally in U.S. dollar.dollars. The prices for substantially all of the fuel materials and a significant portion of the equipment we purchase are stated in currencies other than Won, generally in U.S. dollars. Since substantially alla substantial portion of our revenues areis denominated in Won, we must generally obtain foreign currencies through foreign-currency denominatedforeign currency-denominated financings or from foreign currency exchange markets to make such purchases or service such debt, fulfill our obligations under existing overseas investments and make new overseas investments. As a result, any significant depreciation of Won against U.S. dollar or other foreign currencies will have a material adverse effect on our profitability and results of operations. See Item 3D. “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to KEPCO—The movement of Won against the U.S. dollar and other currencies may have a material adverse effect on us.”
Recent Accounting Changes
New Amendments Adopted
New amendments to IFRS and other accounting standards are set forth below. These amendments had no impact on our consolidated financial statements included in this annual report.
Amendments to IFRS that are mandatorily effective10—Consolidated Financial Statements
Amendments to IFRS 11—Joint Arrangement
Amendments to IFRS 12—Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities
Amendments to IFRS 13—Fair Value Measurement
Amendments to IAS 19—Employee Benefits
Amendments to IFRIC 20—Stripping Costs in the Production Phase of a Surface Mine
See Note 2 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements included in this annual report for the year ended December 31, 2012further related information.
New Amendments Not Yet Adopted
The following new amendments to existing IFRS and other standards have been applied in the current year and have affected the amounts reported in these financial statements.
Amendments to IFRS 7Financial Instrument—Disclosures
We may have transferred financial assets in such a way that part or all of the transferred financial assets do not qualifypublished for derecognition. The amendments to IFRS 7 increase the disclosure requirements for transactions involving transfers of financial assets in order to provide greater transparency around the nature of the transferred assets, the nature of the risks and rewards of ownership to which we are exposed, description of the nature of the relationship between the transferred assets and the associated liabilities and carrying value of the associated liabilities. When we continue our involvement on the transferred assets although the transferred assets are derecognized in our entirety, we disclose the carrying amounts of the transferred assets and the associated liabilities and information showing how the maximum exposure to loss. The amendments do not have impact on our financial statements.
Amendments to IAS 12—Deferred Tax—Recovery of Underlying Assets
We have applied the amendments to IAS 12Income Taxesin the current year. Under the amendments, investment properties that are measured using the fair value model in accordance with IAS 40Investment Property are presumed to be recovered entirely through sale for the purpose of measuring deferred taxes unless the presumption is rebutted. Also, we recognize deferred income tax assets and deferred income tax liabilities on investment properties that were revalued in accordance with IFRS 16Property, Plant and Equipments, under a business model whose objective is to consume substantially all of the economic benefits embodied through sales. The amendments do not have impact on our financial statements.
Amendments to IFRIC 14—The Limit on a Defined Benefit Asset, Minimum Funding Requirements and their Interpretation
These amendments require us to recognize net defined benefit liability (asset), deficit or surplus, adjusted for any effect of limiting a net defined benefit asset to the asset ceiling. The amendments do not have impact on our financial statements.
New and revised IFRS that have been issued and early adopted but are not yet effective
Amendments to IAS 1—Presentation of Financial Statements
The amendments to IAS 1 require items of other comprehensive income to be grouped into two categories in the other comprehensive income section: (a) items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss and (b) items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss when specific conditions are met. The accompanying financial statements have been prepared with themandatory application of the early adopted amendments.
Amendments to IAS 1—Presentation of Financial Statements(as part of the Annual Improvements to IFRS 2009-2011 cycle issued in May 2012)
We have applied the amendments to IAS 1 as part of the Annual Improvements to IFRS 2009-2011 Cycle in advance of the effective date (annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013).
IAS 1 requires an entity that changes accounting policies retrospectively, or makes a retrospective restatement or reclassification to present a statement of financial position as at the beginning of the preceding period (third statement of financial position). The amendments to IAS 1 clarify that an entity is required to present a third statement of financial position only when the retrospective application, restatement or reclassification has a material effect on the information in the third statement of financial position and that related notes are not required to accompany the third statement of financial position. In accordance with the amendments to IAS 1, we have not presented a third statement of financial position and related notes as of January 1, 2011 in relation to the retrospective reclassification as further described in Notes 2-24.
New and revised IFRS that have been issued but are not yet effective and not have been early adopted.
Amendments to IAS 19—Employee Benefits
The amendments to IAS 19 require the recognition of changes in defined benefit obligations and in fair value of plan assets when they occur, and hence eliminate the ‘corridor approach’ permitted under the previous version of IAS 19 and the accelerate the recognition of past service costs. The amendments to IAS 19 are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013.2014.We have not early adopted them. We are in the process of evaluating the impact on theour consolidated financial statements upon the adoption of these amendments.
Amendments to IAS 32—Offsetting Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities and the related disclosures
The amendments to IAS 32 clarify existing application issue relating to the offset of financial assets and financial liabilities requirements. Specifically, the amendments clarify the meaning of ‘currently has a legally enforceable right of set-off’ and ‘simultaneous realization and settlement’.
Our right to offset must not be conditional on the occurrence of future events but enforceable anytime during the contract periods, during the ordinary course of business with counterparty, a default of counterparty and master netting agreement or in some forms of non-recourse debt. The amendments to IAS 32 are effective for annual periods beginning on January 1, 2014. We are in the process of evaluating the impact on the financial statements upon the adoption of amendments.
Amendments to IFRS 7—Financial Instruments: Disclosures
The amendments
Amendments to IFRS 7 are mainly focusing on presentationIFRIC 21—Levies
See Note 2 of the offset between financial assets and financial liabilities. The amendmentsnotes to IFRS 7 are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. We are in the process of evaluating the impact on theour consolidated financial statements upon the adoption of amendments.
IFRS 10—Consolidated Financial Statements
The amendments to IFRS 10 include a new definition of control that contains three elements: (a) power over an investee, (b) exposure, or rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee, and (c) the ability to use its power over the investee to affect the amount of the investor’s return. This standard is effectiveincluded in this annual report for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. We are in the process of evaluating the impact on the financial statements upon the adoption of amendments.further related information.
IFRS 11—Joint Arrangement
IFRS 11 deals with how a joint arrangement of which two or more parties have joint control should be classified. Under IFRS 11, joint arrangements are classified as joint operations or joint ventures, depending on the rights and obligations of the parties to the arrangements. If we are to participate as a joint operator, we will recognize assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses proportionally to our investment and if we are to participate as part of a joint venture, we will account for that investment using the equity method accounting. This standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. We are in the process of evaluating the impact on the financial statements upon the adoption of amendments.
IFRS 12—Disclosure of Interest in Other Entities
IFRS 12 is a disclosure standard and is applicable to entities that have interests in subsidiaries, joint arrangements, associates, or unconsolidated structured entities. This standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. We are reviewing the impact of the application of this standard on our financial statements.
IFRS 13—Fair Value Measurement
IFRS 13 establishes a single source of guidance for fair value measurements and disclosure about fair value measurements. The standard defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and requires disclosures about fair value measurements. This standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. We are reviewing the impact of the application of this standard on the financial statements.
IFRIC 20—Stripping Costs in the Production Phase of a Surface Mine
The interpretation provides accounting for the costs from waste removal activity (stripping). This interpretation is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. We do not anticipate that the application of the interpretation will have no effect to our financial statements as we do not engage in such activities.
Critical Accounting Policies
The following discussion and analysis isare based on our consolidated financial statements.statements included in this annual report. The fundamental objective of financial reporting is to provide useful information that allows a reader to comprehend our business activities. To aid in that understanding, our management has identified “critical accounting policies.”
We make a number of estimates and judgments in preparing our consolidated financial statements. These estimates may differ from actual results and have a significant impact on our recorded assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We consider an estimate to be a critical accounting estimate if it requires a high level of subjectivity or judgment, and a significant change in the estimate would have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations. Further discussion of these critical accounting estimates and policies is included in the notes to our consolidated financial statements.statements included in this annual report.
The accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently by us and our subsidiaries to all periods presented in thesethe consolidated annual financial statements, and in preparing the opening IFRS statement of financial position as of January 1, 2010 for the purposes of the transition from previous GAAP (Korean GAAP) to IFRS, unless otherwise indicated.
Sale and Purchase of Electricity Sales
The Government approves the rates we charge to customers. Our utility rates are designed to recover our reasonable costs plus a fair investment return. Our powerWe purchase electricity principally from our generation subsidiaries’ rates are determined insubsidiaries based on a competitive bidding process though the market.Korea Power Exchange.
We recognize electricity sales revenue based on power sold (transferred to the customer) up to the reporting date. To determine the amount of power sold, we estimatemake reasonable estimates on daily power volumes for residential, commercial, industrial and other uses. The differences between the current month’s estimated amountamounts and actual (meter-read) amountamounts are adjusted for (trued-up) during the next month period.
Correction of Accounting for Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment
As of July 1, 2011, a new electricity tariff system approved by the Government took effect featuring a fuel cost pass-through adjustment (“FCPTA”). This system wasis intended to allow us to pass through fluctuations in fuel costs ultimately to the customers. The FCPTA amount is determined based on a prior three-monthsthree-month period moving average of international fuel prices and other factors, whichand such amount is reflected two months later. On July 29, 2011, out of inflationary and other policy considerations, the Government issued a hold-order suspending us from billing or collecting the FCPTA amount from customers.
Our accounting policy was to recognize unbilled fuel cost adjustments as assets under the IFRS Conceptual Framework when we concluded that it is probable that future economic benefits would flow to us. We had concluded that we controlled a resource as a result of past events from which future economic benefits were expected to flow to us. The Regulation for Electricity Service, which regulates the FCPTA system, provides a legal “resource” or right to bill where the costs we incur will result in future cash flows. The operation of the FCPTA system creates a right to charge rates in amounts that would permit us to recover the related costs, such amounts being subject to government approval. In addition, we relied on the authority of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, which regulates and approves the electricity tariff we charge to our customers, including the FCPTA system. As of December 31, 2011, we determined that it was probable that economic benefits associated with the unbilled fuel cost adjustments would be realizable based on the authority of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy in setting and enforcing electricity rates for customers. Therefore, we concluded that as of December 31, 2011 it was probable that our unbilled FCPTA amount would be collected.
We previously recognized revenue and a receivable for the FCPTA amounts subject to the hold order in the amount of Won 357,085 million at December 31, 2011. However, we came to realize that our FCPTA rate regulatory scheme closely resembles a cost-of service scheme, and have therefore determined that the appropriate accounting for the unbilled FCPTA amounts is to reduce cost of sales by the unbilled FCPTA amounts and recognize a related non-financial asset by the same amount, which is more consistent with accounting policies for rate regulated assets of other standard settingstandard-setting bodies. In accordance with IAS 8,8—Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors,, we used judgment in developing and applying an accounting policy that results in information that is relevant and reliable. In making that judgment, management considered pronouncements of other standard-setting bodies that use a similar conceptual framework to develop accounting standards, other accounting literature and accepted industry practices. We have concluded that the aforementioned error is immaterial, and corrected the accounting for our unbilled FCPTA amounts in our consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2011 included in Item 18. “Financial Statements.”
During the fourth quarter of 2012, we had further consultations with the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy as to the outlook for the lifting the hold-order. Furthermore, on January 11, 2013, the Ministry of Trade,
Industry and Energy informed us that the FCPTA system needed to be reassessed in light of the current circumstancesother factors such as the prolonged unbilled period since the announcement of the FCPTA system. We have therefore concluded that, in consideration of the prolonged unbilled period and recent consultations with, and information from, the Ministry, we would not be able to bill and collect the unbilled FCPTA amounts for the foreseeable future. As a result, we wrote off the entire unbilled FCPTA amounts of Won 1,877 billion recognized through December 31, 2012, including the unbilled FCPTA amounts as of December 31, 2011. As a result, there were no FCPTA amounts remaining in the consolidated statement of financial position as of December 31, 2012.2012 and 2013.
Furthermore, we will cease recording a regulatory asset prospectively related to the FCPTA amounts unless and until the likelihood of recovery once again satisfies the probable threshold contained in the IFRS Conceptual Framework or enacted IFRS at such time.
See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Recent Developments—Correction of Accounting for Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment”, Item 4B. “Business Overview—Sales and Customers—Electricity Rates”, Item 4B. “—Recent Developments—Correction of Accounting for Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment,” Item 5B. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Overview,” Item 5B. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Critical Accounting Policy—Correction of Accounting for Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment” and Notes 2, 15 and 36 to the notes to our consolidated annual financial statements.
Derivative Instruments
We recordrecognize rights and obligations arising from derivative instruments as assets and liabilities, which are stated at fair value. The gains and losses that result from the change in the fair value of derivative instruments are reported in current earnings. However, for derivative instruments designated as hedging the exposure of variable cash flows, the effective portions of the gains or losses on the hedging instruments are recorded as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and credited or charged to operations at the time the hedged transactions affect earnings, and the ineffective portions of the gains or losses are credited or charged immediately to operations.
Significant management judgment is involved in determining the fair value of estimated derivative instruments. The estimates and assumptions used by our management to determine fair value can be impacted by many factors, such as the estimated discount factor derived from observable market data, credit risk of the counterparty and the estimated cash flow based on settlement period, interest convention, and other contract information of the derivative instruments.
We recorded derivative instruments under IFRS. As of December 31, 2010 and 2011, we recordedhad Won 244 billion and Won 376 billion of net amounts as assets, and as of December 31, 2012, we recordedhad Won 376 billion of net amounts as liabilities. As of December 31, 2013, we had Won 614 billion of net amounts as liabilities. Changes in the estimated discount factor or cash flow, or changes in the assumptions and judgments by management underlying these estimates, may cause material revisions to the estimated total gain or loss effect of derivative instruments, which could have a material effect on the recorded asset or liability.
Decommissioning Costs
We recordrecognize the fair value of estimated decommissioning costs as a liability in the period in which we incur a legal obligation associated with retirement of long-lived assets that result from acquisition, construction, development and/or normal use of the assets. We also recordrecognize a corresponding asset that is depreciated over the life of the asset. Accretion expense consists of period-to-period changes in the liability for decommissioning costs resulting from the passage of time and revisions to either the timing or the amount of the original estimate of undiscounted cash flows. Depreciation and accretion expenses are included in the cost of electric power in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
Significant management judgment is involved in determining the fair value of estimated decommissioning costs. The estimates and assumptions used by our management to determine fair value can be impacted by many factors, such as the estimated decommissioning costs based on engineering studies commissioned and approved by the Korean government, and changes in assumed dates of decommissioning, inflation rate, discount rate, decommissioning technology, regulation and the general economy.
As of December 31, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, we recordedhad a liability for decommissioning costs in the amounts of Won 5,9766,727 billion, Won 6,72711,913 billion and Won 11,91312,348 billion, respectively. Changes in the estimated costs or timing of decommissioning, or changes in the assumptions and judgments by management underlying these estimates, may cause material revisions to the estimated total cost to decommission these facilities, which could have a material effect on the recorded liability. We used a discount raterates of 4.36%, 4.36%4.49% and 4.49% and an inflation raterates of 2.30%, 2.30%2.93% and 2.93% when calculating the decommissioning cost liability recorded as of December 31, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012.2013, respectively. In addition, the following is a sensitivity analysis of the potential impact on decommissioning costs from a 0.1% increase or decrease in each of the inflation rate and the discount rate, assuming that all other aforementioned assumptions remain constant:
Sensitivity to inflation rate | Sensitivity to discount rate | |||||||||||||||
+0.10% | -0.10% | +0.10% | -0.10% | |||||||||||||
(in billions of Won) | ||||||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) of liability for decommissioning costs | ₩ | 279 | ₩ | (271 | ) | ₩ | (266 | ) | ₩ | 274 |
Sensitivity to inflation rate | Sensitivity to discount rate | |||||||||||||||
+0.10% | -0.10% | +0.10% | -0.10% | |||||||||||||
(in billions of Won) | ||||||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) of liability for decommissioning costs | ₩ | 289 | ₩ | (281 | ) | ₩ | (268 | ) | ₩ | 276 |
See Notes 26 and 43 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements included in this annual report for further related information.
Provision for Decontamination of Transformer
Under the Persistent Organic Pollutants Management Act which was enacted in 2007, we are required to remove the toxin polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from our transformers’ insulating oil by 2015. We are also required to inspect the PCB levels in our transformers and dispose of any PCBs in excess of established safety standards.
As of December 31, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, we recorded a liabilityhad liabilities of Won 278215 billion, Won 215220 billion and Won 220 billion, respectively, for inspection and disposal costs related to the decontamination of existing transformers.
The estimates and assumptions used by our management to determine fair value can be affected by many factors, such as the estimated costs of inspection and disposal, inflation rate, discount rate, regulations and the general economy.
Changes in the estimated costs or changes in the assumptions and judgments underlying these estimates may cause material revisions to the estimated total costs, which could have a material effect on our recorded liability. When calculating the provision for the decontamination of our transformers, we used a discount rate of 6.49% and an inflation rate of 2.81% as of December 31, 2010, a discount rate of 5.84% and an inflation rate of 3.34% as of December 31, 2011, a discount rate of 4.92% and an inflation rate of 3.10% as of December 31, 2012 and a discount rate of 4.92% and an inflation rate of 3.10% as of December 31, 2012. In addition, the following is a sensitivity analysis of the potential impact on decontamination costs based on a 0.1% increase or decrease in each of the inflation rate and the discount rate, assuming that all other aforementioned assumptions remain constant:2013.
Sensitivity to inflation rate | Sensitivity to discount rate | |||||||||||||||
+0.10% | -0.10% | +0.10% | -0.10% | |||||||||||||
(in billions of Won) | ||||||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) of liability for decommissioning costs | ₩ | 1 | ₩ | (1 | ) | ₩ | (1 | ) | ₩ | 1 |
Deferred Tax Assets
In assessing the realizability of the deferred tax assets, our management considers whether it is probable that a portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of our deferred tax assets is dependent on whether we are able to generate future taxable income in specific tax jurisdictions during the periods in which temporary differences become deductible. Our management has scheduled the expected future reversals of the temporary differences and projected future taxable income in making this assessment. Based on these factors, our management believes that it is probable that we will realize the benefits of these temporary differences as of December 31, 2012.2013. However, the amount of deferred tax assets that is realized may be different if we do not realize estimated future taxable income during the carry forward periods as originally expected.
In relation to the deferred tax assets recognized for tax loss, future taxable income is estimated considering the followings: (i) five-year mid- to long-term financial forecasts of earnings before tax approved by management and submitted to the Ministry of Strategy and Finance, and (ii) average amount of tax adjustments for the recent three years. Based on the estimated amount and timing of future taxable profit, our management determined that all tax losses for the year ended December 31, 2013 could be recognized as an asset.
For tax credits carried forward, similar to deferred tax assets recognized for tax loss, our management estimates the probability timing of future taxable profits in determining the probability of utilization of tax credits carried forward. In addition, our management considers the possible carry forward period and available tax credit or deductible temporary differences within the tax laws of each country in which the tax credits originated.
Similarly, our management also estimates the probability of utilization of temporary differences considering the probability of generating future taxable profits in the periods that the deductible temporary differences reverse. We do not recognize deferred tax assets for certain temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates, and interests in joint ventures considering future dividends or disposals.
We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities at each separate taxpaying entity. Under IFRS, a deferred tax asset is recognized for temporary difference that will result in deductible amounts in future years and for carry forwards. If, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely that some or the entire portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized, that portion is deducted directly from the deferred tax asset.
We believe that the accounting estimate related to the realizability of deferred tax asset is a “critical accounting estimate” because: (i) it requires management to make assessments about the timing of future events, including the probability of expected future taxable income and available tax planning opportunities, and (ii) the difference between these assessments and the actual performance could have a material impact on the realization of tax benefits as reported in our results of operations. Management’s assumptions require significant judgment because actual performance has fluctuated in the past and may continue to do so.
Useful Lives of Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment are statedinitially measured at cost, and after initial recognition, are carried at cost less subsequent accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment isincludes expenditures arising directly attributable to their purchasefrom the construction or construction, which includesacquisition of the asset, any costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management. It also includesmanagement and the initial estimate of the costs of dismantling and removing the item and restoring the site on which it is located. Subsequent costs are recognized in carrying amount of an asset or as an asset if it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the assets will flow into us and the cost of an asset can be measured reliably. Routine maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. We do not depreciate land. Depreciation is computed by the straight-line method (and unit-of-production method for loaded nuclear fuel (PWR) and capitalized asset retirement cost of loaded nuclear fuel), using rates based on the estimated useful lives. Net property, plant and equipment as of December 31, 2012 totaled approximately Won 122,376 billion representing more than 83% of total assets. Given the significance of property, plant and equipment and the associated depreciation expense to our financial statements, the determination of an asset’s economic useful life is considered to be a critical accounting estimate.
Economic useful life is the duration of time the asset is expected to be productively employed by us, which may be less than its physical life. Management’s assumptions on the following factors, among others, affect the determination of estimated economic useful life: wear and tear, obsolescence, technical standards, changes in market demand and technological changes. We apply the following
The estimated useful lives forof our property, plant and equipment:equipment are as follows:
Buildings | 8 ~ 40 | |
Structures | 8 ~ 50 | |
Machinery | 6 ~ 32 | |
Vehicles | 4 | |
Loaded heavy water | 30 | |
Asset retirement costs | 18, 30, 40 | |
Finance lease assets | 20 | |
Ships | 9 | |
Others | 4 ~ 9 |
Generally,A component that is significant compared to the total cost of property, plant and equipment is depreciated over its separate useful life is estimated at the time the asset is acquired and is based on historical experience with similar assets and takes into account anticipated technological or other changes. We review our depreciation method and the estimatedlife. Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values of our property, plant and equipmentare reviewed at the end of each annual reporting period. If our expectations differ from previous estimates, the related changes are accounted for as a change in accounting estimate During the current period,date and adjusted, if appropriate. In 2012, we changed the estimated useful lives of the certain buildings. InAs a result of the change in accounting estimate, depreciation expenses were reduceddecreased by Won 85,388 million for the current year and expected to be reduced by Won 57,378 million in 2012 and 2013, respectively. In addition, we estimate that depreciation expense will decrease by Won 31,979 million and Won 22,158 million for each of the three years following the current year,in 2014 and 2015, respectively. In addition, if technological changes were to occur more rapidly than anticipated or in a different form than anticipated, or our assets experienced unexpected levels of wear and tear, the useful lives assigned to these assets may need to be shortened, resulting in the recognition of increased depreciation expenses in future periods.
Impairment of Long-lived Assets
At the end of each reporting period, we review the carrying amounts of tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, we estimate the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. Where a reasonable and
consistent basis of allocation can be identified, corporate assets are also allocated to individual cash-generating units, or otherwise they are allocated to the smallest group of cash-generating units for which a reasonable and consistent allocation basis can be identified.
Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and intangible assets not yet available for use are tested for impairment at least annually, and whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired. Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell andor value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present valuevalues using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.
If the recoverable amount of an asset (or a cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or the cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognized immediately in income or loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation decrease.
In the event that an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or a cash-generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, ensuring that such carrying amount increase does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset (or the cash-generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognized immediately in income or loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal of the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation increase.
The assessment of impairment is a critical accounting estimate, because significant management judgment is required to determine: (i) whether an indicator of impairment has occurred, (ii) how assets should be grouped, and (iii) the recoverable amount of the asset or asset group in the case of an impairment. If management’s assumptions about these assets change as a result of events or circumstances, and management believes the assets may have declined in value, we may record impairment charges, resulting in lower profits. Our management uses its best estimate in making these evaluations and considers various factors, including the future prices of energy, fuel costs and other operating costs. However, actual market prices and operating costs could vary from those used in the impairment evaluations, and the impact of such variations could be material. There was no impairment for the past three years and no cash-generating units were at risk of impairment as of December 31, 2013.
Accrual for Loss Contingencies for Legal Claims
We are involved in legal proceedings regarding matters arising in the ordinary course of business. RelatedIn relation to these matters, as of December 31, 2012,2013, we were engaged in 559597 lawsuits as a defendant and 107119 lawsuits as a plaintiff. The total amount claimed against us was Won 391402 billion and the total amount claimed by us was Won 74109 billion as of December 31, 2012.2013. As of December 31, 2012, we had an accrual2013, our provisions for loss contingencies ofthese legal claims amounted to Won 2724 billion. We record liabilities for estimated loss contingencies when we assess that a loss is probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. The determination for a loss contingency is based on management judgment and estimates with respect to the likely outcome of the matter, including the analysis of different scenarios. LiabilitiesThese provisions are recorded or adjusted when events or circumstances cause these judgments or estimates to change. In assessing whether a loss is a reasonable possibility, we may consider the following factors: the nature of the litigation, claim or assessment, available information, opinions or views of legal counsel and other advisors, and the experience gained from similar cases. We provide disclosures for material contingencies when there is a reasonable possibility that a loss or an additional loss may be incurred.
As new developments occur or more information becomes available, our assumptions and estimates with respect to the likelihood or amount of loss related to these liabilities may change. Such revisions to contingent liabilities are generally reflected in income. If changes in these or other assumptions or the anticipated outcomes we use to estimate contingencies cause a loss to become more likely, it could materially affect future results of operations for any particular quarterly or annual period.
Actual amounts realizedof our liabilities as determined upon settlement of contingencieslegal claims or by final decisions of the courts in relation thereto may be substantially different from the amounts recorded and disclosed and may be recorded asof provisions recognized or contingent liabilities disclosed. If the actual amounts are higher than the amounts of related provisions, the resulting additional liabilities and expenses which could have a significantwould adversely impact on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
Consolidated Results of Operations
2013 Compared to 2012
In 2013, our consolidated sales, which is principally derived from the sale of electric power, increased by 9.3% to Won 53,713 billion from Won 49,121 billion in 2012, reflecting primarily a 7.3% overall increase in our
average electricity tariff rates in 2013 (as a result of a 4.0% increase effective January 14, 2013 and a 5.4% increase effective November 21, 2013) and a 1.8% increase in the volume of electricity sold from 466,593 gigawatt hours in 2012 to 474,849 gigawatt hours in 2013. The overall increase in the volume of electricity sold was primarily attributable to a 2.8% increase in the volume of electricity sold to the industrial sector, which represents the largest segment of electricity consumption in Korea, from 258,102 gigawatt hours in 2012 to 265,373 gigawatt hours in 2013, and, to a lesser extent, a 0.6% increase in the volume of electricity sold to the commercial sector from 101,593 gigawatt hours in 2012 to 102,196 gigawatt hours in 2013 and a 0.5% increase in the volume of electricity sold to the residential sector, from 65,484 gigawatt hours in 2012 to 65,815 gigawatt hours in 2013. The increase in the volume of electricity sold to the industrial sector was primarily due to the general increase in demand for electricity in this sector in Korea largely as a result of continued export-led growth of the Korean economy, which involved an increased industrial output and greater capacity utilization in industrial plants. For a discussion of the increase in our electricity tariff rates, see Item 4B. “Business Overview—Sales and Customers—Electricity Rates.”
Our consolidated cost of sales, which is principally derived from the costs related to the purchase of fuels for generation of electricity and to a lesser extent, from the purchase of power from independent power producers, depreciation and salaries, increased by 4.4% to Won 50,596 billion in 2013 from Won 48,459 billion in 2012, primarily due to a 1.6% increase in fuel costs, a 15.6% increase in purchased power and a 5.6% increase in depreciation, which were partially offset by a 3.0% decrease in salaries and a 1.4% decrease in other cost of sales.
Fuel costs, which accounted for 47.8% and 49.2% of our consolidated cost of sales in 2013 and 2012, respectively, increased to Won 24,200 billion in 2013 from Won 23,823 billion in 2012 largely due to an increased use of more expensive fuel sources such as LNG due to the extended suspension of three of our nuclear units related to quality assurance issues, which was partially offset by a 2.6% decrease in unit fuel cost mainly resulting from the general decline in international market prices for our main fuel types. Purchased power, which accounted for 22.4% and 20.2% of our cost of sales in 2013 and 2012, respectively, increased by 15.6% to Won 11,329 billion in 2013 from Won 9,801 billion in 2012, primarily due to a 12.1% increase in the volume of power purchased from independent power producers (who generate electricity primarily through LNG-fired power plants), from 60,392 gigawatt hours in 2012 to 67,676 gigawatt hours in 2013, primarily to compensate for the shortfall in the supply of electricity due to the higher than anticipated rise in demand for electricity in 2013 as well as extended suspension of three of our nuclear units related to quality assurance issues. Depreciation expense increased by 5.6% to Won 7,228 billion in 2013 from Won 6,846 billion in 2012 primarily due to an increase of additional property, plant and equipment related to the construction of new generation facilities pursuant to our capital investment program.
Salaries decreased by 3.0% to Won 2,583 billion in 2013 from Won 2,662 billion in 2012 primarily due to a decrease in performance pay. Other remaining items of our cost of sales decreased to Won 5,255 billion in 2013 from Won 5,327 billion in 2012 primarily due to a decrease in provision for decommissioning costs of our nuclear facilities.
As a cumulative result of the foregoing factors, our consolidated gross profit increased significantly to Won 3,117 billion in 2013 from Won 661 billion in 2012, and our consolidated gross profit margin increased significantly to 5.8% in 2013 from 1.3% in 2012. The increases in our consolidated gross profit and consolidated gross profit margin were largely attributable to the 9.3% increase in our consolidated sales (which were due to the 7.3% overall increase in the average electricity tariff rates and, to a lesser extent, the 1.8% increase in the volume of electricity sold), which was partially offset by the 4.4% increase in our consolidated cost of sales (which was mainly due to the 15.6% increase in purchased power and, to a lesser extent, the 1.6% increase in fuel costs and the 5.6% increase in depreciation expense).
Our consolidated selling and administrative expenses increased by 8.0% to Won 1,923 billion in 2013 from Won 1,780 billion in 2012, primarily as a result of increases in depreciation and commissions, which increased by Won 22 billion and Won 67 billion, respectively.
Our consolidated other income, net of expenses, increased by 4.2% to Won 626 billion in 2013 from Won 600 billion in 2012, mainly as a result of an increase in insurance compensations and an increase in contributions from the Electric Power Industry Basis Fund, which was partially offset by an increase in donations for educational and other purposes.
We had consolidated other gains, net, of Won 129 billion in 2013 compared to consolidated other losses, net, of Won 1,782 billion in 2012, primarily as a result of a write-off in 2012 of our accumulated but unbilled fuel cost-based adjustment amounts. (See Item 5B. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Critical Accounting Policy—Correction of Accounting for Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment”). Other profit is mainly composed of gain or loss from disposal of assets and inventories, among others.
As a cumulative result of the foregoing factors, we had consolidated operating income of Won 1,948 billion in 2013 compared to consolidated operating loss of Won 2,300 billion in 2012, and our consolidated operating income margin was 3.6% in 2013 compared to an operating loss margin of 4.7% in 2012. These turnarounds were mainly due to the 9.3% increase in our consolidated sales, which was partially offset by the 4.4% increase in our consolidated cost of sales.
Our consolidated finance expenses, net of income, increased by 18.7% to Won 2,302 billion in 2013 from Won 1,940 billion in 2012, primarily as a result of a decrease in net gains on foreign currency translation, and an increase in net interest expense, which was partially offset by a decrease in net losses on valuation of derivatives.
We had consolidated loss of affiliates or joint ventures using equity method of Won 42 billion in 2013, compared to consolidated profit of affiliates or joint ventures using equity method of Won 177 billion in 2012, primarily as a result of decreased profits from Korea Gas Corporation mainly due to an impairment loss on intangible assets.
As a cumulative result of the foregoing factors, our consolidated loss before income taxes significantly decreased to Won 396 billion in 2013 from Won 4,063 billion in 2012.
Our income tax benefit decreased by 42.1% to Won 571 billion in 2013 from Won 985 billion in 2012, largely as a result of a decrease in our loss before income taxes, which was partially offset by an increase in adjustments related to unrealized deferred tax assets. See Note 41 to our financial statements included in this annual report. Our effective tax benefit rate, which represents tax benefit as a percentage of loss before income taxes, increased from 24.3% in 2012 to 144.0% in 2013 primarily due to the effect of recognition of deferred tax assets in relation to amounts received from customers regarding installation and use of facilities required for electricity supply.
As a cumulative result of the above factors, we had consolidated profit of Won 174 billion in 2013, compared to consolidated loss of Won 3,078 billion in 2012. Our consolidated net profit margin was 0.3% in 2013 compared to consolidated net loss margin of 6.3% in 2012. Our profit attributable to the owners of the company was Won 60 billion in 2013, compared to loss of Won 3,167 billion attributable to the owners of the company in 2012.
We had consolidated other comprehensive income of Won 186 billion in 2013 compared to consolidated other comprehensive loss of Won 322 billion in 2012, largely as a result of positive changes in actuarial gains or losses on retirement benefit obligations, net of tax (related to changes in future salary increases), gains on valuation of derivatives using cash flow hedge accounting, share in other comprehensive income of associates and joint ventures, net of tax. Furthermore, there were valuation gains on available-for-sale securities of LG Uplus Corp. and Korea District Heating Corp. in 2013.
As a cumulative result of the above factors, we had consolidated total comprehensive income of Won 360 billion in 2013, compared to consolidated total comprehensive loss of Won 3,400 billion in 2012.
2012 Compared to 2011
In 2012, our consolidated sales, which is principally derived from the sale of electric power, increased by 13.8% to Won 49,121 billion from Won 43,175 billion in 2011, reflecting primarily a 2.53%2.5% increase in the volume of electricity sold from 455,070 gigawatt hours in 2011 to 466,593 gigawatt hours in 2012 and a 4.9% increase in our overall average electricity tariff rates effective August 6, 2012. The overall increase in the volume of electricity sold was primarily attributable to a 2.6% increase in the volume of electricity sold to the industrial sector, which represents the largest segment of electricity consumption in Korea, from 251,491 gigawatt hours in 2011 to 258,102 gigawatt hours in 2012, and, to a lesser extent, a 2.1% increase in the volume of electricity sold
to the commercial sector from 99,504 gigawatt hours in 2011 to 101,593 gigawatt hours in 2012 and a 1.2% increase in the volume of electricity sold to the residential sector, including overnight power usage, from 82,130 gigawatt hours in 2011 to 83,104 gigawatt hours in 2012. The increase in the volume of electricity sold to the industrial sector was primarily due to the general increase in demand for electricity in this sector in Korea largely as a result of the continued export-led growth of the Korean economy, which involved an increased industrial output and greater capacity utilization in industrial plants. The increase in the volume of electricity sold to the commercial sector was primarily due to increased commercial activities in Korea, which was partially offset by weakened consumer sentiment in light of the ongoing uncertainties in the global economy. The increase in the volume of electricity sold to the residential sector was primarily due to increased usage of heating and air conditioning due to extreme weather conditions in the summer of 2012 and winter of 2012 and 2013.2012. For a discussion of the increase in our electricity tariff rates, see Item 4B. “Business Overview—Sales and Customers—Electricity Rates.”
Our consolidated cost of sales, which is principally derived from the costs related to the purchase of fuels for generation of electricity and to a lesser extent, from the purchase of power from independent power producers, depreciation and salaries, increased by 13.4% to Won 48,459 billion in 2012 from Won 42,725 billion in 2011, primarily due to a 11.0% increase in fuel costs, a 32.4% increase in purchased power, a 6.0% increase in salaries, a 1.7% increase in depreciation and a 7.0% increase in other cost of sales. Fuel costs, increased to Won 23,823 billion in 2012 from Won 21,456 billion in 2011. Fuel costswhich accounted for 49.2% and 50.2% of our consolidated cost of sales in 2012 and 2011, respectively.respectively, increased by 11.0% to Won 23,823 billion in 2012 from Won 21,456 billion in 2011. Such increase in fuel costs was primarily due to a 1.0%an increase in energy consumption as a result of the general economic recovery and extreme weather conditions in 2012 and a 9.8% increase in unit cost of fuel mainly due to a 14.8% increase in unit cost of LNG. Purchased power, which accounted for 20.2% and 17.3% of our cost of sales in 2012 and 2011, respectively, increased by 32.4% to Won 9,801 billion in 2012 from Won 7,404 billion in 2011, primarily due to a 13.9% increase in the volume of power purchased from independent power producers (who generate electricity primarily through LNG-fired power plants), from 53,024 gigawatt hours in 2011 to 60,392 gigawatt hours in 2012, primarily to compensate for the shortfall in the supply of electricity due to the higher than anticipated rise in demand for electricity in 2012. Salaries increased by 6.0% to Won 2,662 billion in 2012 from Won 2,510 billion in 2011 primarily due to an increase in the number of our and our generation subsidiaries’ employees. Depreciation expense increased by 1.7 %1.7% to Won 6,846 billion in 2012 from Won 6,733 billion in 2011 primarily due to thean increase of additional property, plant and equipment related to the construction of new generation facilities pursuant to our capital investment program. Other remaining items of our cost of sales increased to Won 5,327 billion in 2012 from Won 4,622 in 2011 primarily due to an increase in costs related to our nuclear complex construction projects in the United Arab Emirates, an increase in provision for decommissioning costs of our nuclear facilities and provision for potential fines and penalties under the Renewable Portfolio Standard.
As a cumulative result of the foregoing factors, our consolidated gross profit increased by 46.8% to Won 662661 billion in 2012 from Won 450 billion in 2011, andwhile our consolidated gross profit margin increased to 1.3% in 2012 from 1.0% in 2011. The increases in our consolidated gross profit and consolidated gross profit margin were largely attributable to the 13.8% increase in our consolidated sales (which were due to the 4.9% increase in the overall average electricity tariff rates and the 2.5% increase in the volume of electricity sold), which was partially offset by the 13.4% increase in our consolidated cost of sales (which was mainly due to the 11.0% increase in fuel costs and the 32.4% increase in purchased power).
Our consolidated selling and administrative expenses increased by 1.6% to Won 1,780 billion in 2012 from Won 1,7511,752 billion in 2011, primarily as a result of increases in salaries, research and development expenses and rent expenses.
Our consolidated net other operating income increased by 33.2% to Won 600 billion in 2012 from Won 451 billion in 2011, mainly as a result of an increase in compensation for damages received from a lawsuit in which we were the plaintiff, which more than offset the return to normal levels of donations related to renewable energy initiatives.
We recordedhad consolidated net other losslosses, net, of Won 1,7811,782 billion in 2012 compared to consolidated net other incomegains, net, of Won 166 billion in 2011, primarily as a result of thea write-off of our accumulated but unbilled fuel
cost-based adjustment amounts as further described in Item 5B—Operating5A. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Critical Accounting Policy—Correction of Accounting for Fuel Cost Pass-through Adjustment and Notes 2, 15 and 36 to the notes to our consolidated annual financial statements.Adjustment.”
As a cumulative result of the foregoing factors, we recordedour consolidated operating loss ofincreased significantly to Won 2,300 billion in 2012 compared to consolidated operating loss offrom Won 685 billion in 2011. We recordedOur operating loss margin ofincreased to 4.7% in 2012 compared to operating loss margin offrom 1.6% in 2011, largely due to a 11.0% increase in fuel costs and a 32.4% increase in purchased power which more than offset the 13.8% increase in our revenue from the sale of electricity.
Our consolidated net financial expense increased by 1.5% to Won 1,940 billion in 2012 from Won 1,911 billion in 2011, primarily as a result of an increase in losses by Won 673 billion in our derivative instruments, an increase by Won 1,001 billion in incomes related to foreign currencies, net, an increase by Won 221 billionincreases in net interest expense and net losses on valuation of derivatives, which were substantially offset by an increase by Won 40 billion in impairment lossnet gains on available-for-sale financial assets.foreign currency translation.
Our consolidated profits of affiliates or joint ventures using equity method increased by 43.7% to Won 177 billion in 2012 from Won 123 billion in 2011, primarily as a result of an increase in profits from Korea Gas Corporation and our overseas affiliates primarily as a result of the expansion of our overseas business.
As a cumulative result of the foregoing factors, we recordedhad consolidated loss before income taxes of Won 4,063 billion in 2012 compared to consolidated income before income taxes of Won 2,473 billion in 2011. We recordedhad consolidated income tax income of Won 985 billion in 2012 compared to consolidated income tax expense of Won 820 billion in 2011, primarily due to the absence of a one-time write-off in 2011 of deferred tax assets in relation to net loss from the previous year due to the low probability of recovery.
As a cumulative result of the above factors, our consolidated loss for the year decreased to Won 3,078 billion in 2012 from Won 3,293 billion in 2011, and our consolidated net loss margin decreased to 6.3% in 2012 from 7.6% in 2011. We also recordedhad net loss attributable to our shareholders of Won 3,167 billion in 2012, compared to net loss of Won 3,370 billion attributable to our shareholders in 2011.
Our consolidated other comprehensive loss increased by 22.9% to Won 322 billion in 2012 from Won 262 billion in 2011 largely as a result of positive changes in actuarial losses on retirement benefit obligations, net of tax, and net change in fair value of available-for-sale financial assets, net of tax, which was partially offset by our recording negative changes in loss on valuation of derivatives using cash flow hedge accounting, net of tax, foreign currency translation of foreign operations, net of tax, and share in other comprehensive income(loss)income (loss) of associates and joint ventures, net of tax, which were partially offset by a positive net change in fair value of available-for-sale financial assets, net of tax, and a decrease in defined benefit actuarial losses, net of tax.
As a cumulative result of the above factors, our consolidated total comprehensive loss for the period decreased by 4.4% to Won 3,400 billion in 2012 from Won 3,555 billion in 2011.
2011 Compared to 2010
In 2011, our consolidated sales, which is principally derived from the sale of electric power, increased by 9.3% to Won 43,175 billion from Won 39,507 billion in 2010, reflecting primarily a 4.8% increase in the volume of electricity sold from 434,160 gigawatt hours in 2010 to 455,070 gigawatt hours in 2011 and a 4.9% increase in our overall average electricity tariff rates effective August 1, 2011 and a 4.5% increase in our overall average electricity tariff rates effective December 5, 2011. The overall increase in the volume of electricity sold was primarily attributable to a 8.1% increase in the volume of electricity sold to the industrial sector, which represents the largest segment of electricity consumption in Korea, from 232,672 gigawatt hours in 2010 to 251,491 gigawatt hours in 2011, and, to a lesser extent, a 2.1% increase in the volume of electricity sold to the commercial sector from 97,410 gigawatt hours in 2010 to 99,504 gigawatt hours in 2011, which more than offset a 0.9% decrease in the volume of electricity sold to the residential sector, including overnight power usage, from 82,890 gigawatt hours in 2010 to 82,130 gigawatt hours in 2011. The increase in the volume of electricity sold to
the industrial sector was primarily due to the general increase in demand for electricity in these sectors in Korea largely as a result of the continued export-led growth of the Korean economy, which involved an increased industrial output and greater capacity utilization in industrial plants. The increase in the volume of electricity sold to the commercial sector was primarily due to increased commercial activities in Korea, which was partially offset by weakened consumer sentiment in light of the enhanced uncertainties in the global economy. The decrease in the volume of electricity sold to the residential sector was primarily due to the unanticipated low temperatures during the summer of 2011. For a discussion of the increase in our electricity tariff rates, see Item 4B. “Business Overview—Sales and Customers—Electricity Rates.”
Our consolidated cost of sales, which is principally derived from the costs related to the purchase of fuels for generation of electricity and to a lesser extent, from the purchase of power from independent power producers and depreciation, increased by 18.1% to Won 42,725 billion in 2011 from Won 36,188 billion in 2010, primarily due to a 15.9% increase in fuel costs, a 44.2% increase in purchased power and a 10.4% increase in other cost of sales (excluding purchased power). Fuel costs increased to Won 21,455 billion in 2011 from Won 18,505 billion in 2010. The fuel costs accounted for 50.2% and 51.1% of our consolidated cost of sales in 2011 and 2010, respectively. Such increase in fuel costs was primarily due to a 17.8% increase in fuel cost for LNG, which was partially offset by a 1.4% decrease in fuel cost for oil. Fuel cost for LNG, which accounted for 43.3% of the total fuel cost in 2011, increased mainly due to a 14.1% increase in unit cost of LNG and a 3.2% increase in LNG consumption mainly due to increased energy consumption as a result of the general economic recovery and extreme weather conditions in 2011. Fuel cost for coal, which accounted for 45.0% of the total fuel cost in 2011, increased by 21.1%, mainly due to a 17.1% increase in unit cost for bituminous coal. For further information on the increase in fuel costs, see Item 4B. “Business Overview—Fuel.” Purchased power, which accounted for 17.3% and 14.2% of our cost of sales in 2011 and 2010, respectively, increased by 44.2% to Won 7,404 billion in 2011 from Won 5,133 billion in 2010, primarily due to a 37.1% increase in the volume of power purchased from independent power producers (who generate electricity primarily through LNG-fired power plants), from 38,682 gigawatt hours in 2010 to 53,024 gigawatt hours in 2011, primarily to compensate for the shortfall in the supply of electricity due to the higher than anticipated rise in demand for electricity in 2011. Depreciation expense increased by 3.0% to Won 6,733 billion in 2011 from Won 6,540 billion in 2010 primarily due to the increase of additional property, plant and equipment related to the construction of new generation facilities pursuant to our capital investment program. Maintenance costs increased by 6.0% to Won 1,416 billion in 2011 from Won 1,335 billion in 2010 primarily due to an increase in new construction projects and maintenance on KHNP’s Wolsong-1 unit. Other remaining items of our cost of sales increased significantly to Won 5,717 billion in 2011 from Won 4,675 billion in 2010 primarily due to an increase in costs related to the disposal of nuclear waste.
As a cumulative result of the foregoing factors, our consolidated gross profit decreased by 86.4% to Won 450 billion in 2011 from Won 3,319 billion in 2010, and our gross profit margin decreased to 1.0% in 2011 from 8.4% in 2010.
Our consolidated selling and administrative expenses increased by 6.5% to Won 1,752 billion in 2011 from Won 1,645 billion in 2010, primarily as a result of increases in amortization of intangibles related to the increase in purchase of software, research and development expenses related to electronic data processing, maintenance costs, employee benefits, fees and commissions related to electricity meter outsourcing costs and other expenses related to marketing and promotion.
Our consolidated other operating expense decreased by 3.5% to Won 451 billion in 2011 from Won 467 billion in 2010, mainly as a result of the increase in contributions related to renewable energy initiatives.
Our consolidated net other income increased by 40.2% to Won 166 billion from Won 118 billion in 2010, primarily as a result of the increase in gains on foreign currency transactions due to increased volatility in foreign exchange rates in 2011.
As a cumulative result of the foregoing factors, we recorded consolidated operating loss of Won 685 billion in 2011 compared to consolidated operating income of Won 2,260 billion in 2010. We recorded operating loss margin of 1.6% in 2011 compared to operating profit margin of 5.7% in 2010, largely due to a 15.9% increase in fuel costs and a 44.2% increase in purchased power which more than offset the 10.0% increase in our revenue from the sale of electricity.
Our consolidated net financial expense decreased by 2.8% to Won 1,911 billion in 2011 from Won 1,967 billion in 2010, primarily as a result of the increase in gains on valuation of derivatives related to the overall appreciation of Won against the U.S. dollar.
Our consolidated profits of affiliates or joint ventures using equity method increased by 60.6% to Won 123 billion in 2011 from Won 77 billion in 2010, primarily as a result of an increase in profits from our overseas subsidiaries and affiliates primarily as a result of the expansion of our overseas business.
As a cumulative result of the foregoing factors, we recorded consolidated loss before income taxes of Won 2,473 billion in 2011 compared to consolidated income before income taxes of Won 370 billion in 2010. Our consolidated income tax expenses increased by 86.9% to Won 820 billion in 2011 from Won 439 billion in 2010, primarily due to a one-time write-off in 2011 of deferred tax assets in relation to net loss from the previous year due to the low probability of recovery as well as an increase in the statutory income tax rate from 22.0% to 24.2% in 2011.
As a cumulative result of the above factors, our consolidated loss for the year increased substantially to Won 3,293 billion in 2011 from Won 69 billion in 2010, and our consolidated net loss margin substantially increased to 7.6% in 2011 from 0.2% in 2010. We also recorded net loss attributable to our shareholders of Won 3,370 billion in 2011, compared to net loss of Won 120 billion attributable to our shareholders in 2010.
Our consolidated other comprehensive loss substantially increased to Won 262 billion in 2011 from Won 43 billion in 2010, primarily as a result of the effect of recording a negative net change in fair value of available-for-sale financial assets, net of tax in 2011, which was largely due to unfavorable market conditions of the Korean stock market. Such change more than offset a positive change in share in other comprehensive income (loss) of associates and joint ventures, net of tax in 2011, which was largely due to exchange rate fluctuations that impacted the translations of other comprehensive income (loss) of our overseas associates and joint ventures.
As a cumulative result of the above factors, our consolidated total comprehensive loss for the period increased substantially to Won 3,555 billion in 2011 from Won 112 billion in 2010.
Inflation
The effects of inflation in Korea on our financial condition and results of operations are reflected primarily in construction costs as well as in labor expenses. Inflation in Korea has not had a significant impact on our results of operations in recent years. It is possible that inflation in the future may have an adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.
Segment Results
We operate the following business segments: transmission and distribution, nuclear power generation and non-nuclearthermal power generation and all other.others. The transmission and distribution segment, which is operated by KEPCO, the parent company, consists of operations related to the transmission, distribution and sale to end-users of electricity purchased from our generation subsidiaries as well as from independent power producers. The power generation segment, which is operated by KEPCO’s one nuclear generation subsidiary and five non-nuclearthermal generation subsidiaries, consists of operations related to the generation of electricity sold to KEPCO
through the Korea Power Exchange. The transmission and distribution segment and the power generation segment together represent our electricity business. The remainder of our operation is categorized as “all other.others.” The all other segment consists primarily of operations related to the plant maintenance and engineering and maintenance of generation plants,service, information services, and sales of nuclear fuel, communication line leasing, overseas businesses and others. In 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, the unaffiliated revenues of the power generation segment (representing the six generation subsidiaries) and all our other revenues in the aggregate amounted to only 2.2%2.4%, 2.4%2.5% and 2.5%2.6% of our consolidated revenues, respectively, and the results of operations for our business segments substantially mirror our consolidated results of operations. For further information, see Note 4 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements included in this annual report.
Item 5B. Liquidity and Capital Resources
We expect that our capital requirements, capital resources and liquidity position may change in the course of implementing the Restructuring Plan. See Item 4B. “—Business Overview—Restructuring of the Electric Power Industry in Korea” and Item 3D. “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to KEPCO—The Government may adopt policy measures to substantially restructure the Korean electric power industry or our operational structure, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, operations and profitability.”
Capital Requirements
We anticipate that the following represent the major sources of our capital requirements in the short-term to intermediate future:
capital expenditures pursuant to our capital investment program;
working capital requirements, the largest component of which is fuel purchases;
payment of principal and interest on our existing debt;
headquarters relocation expenses pursuant to Government policy; and
overseas investments.
In addition, if there were to occur unanticipated material changes to the Restructuring Plan, the Basic Plan or other major policy initiatives of the Government relating to the electric power industry, or natural disasters, such developments may require a significant amount of additional capital requirements.
Capital Expenditures
We anticipate that capital expenditures will be the most significant use of our funds for the next several years. Our capital expenditures relate primarily to the construction of new generation units, maintenance of existing generation units and a significant expansion of our transmission and distribution systems. Our capital expenditures generally follow budgets established under the fifth Basic Plan Relating to the Long-Term Supply and Demand of Electricity, which contains projections relating to the supply and demand of electricity of Korea based on which we plan the construction of additional generation units and transmission systems. See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Capital Investment Program” for a further description of our capital investment program.
Our total capital expenditures (including capitalized interest) for the construction of generation, transmission and distribution facilities were Won 11,41411,984 billion, Won 11,98412,751 billion and Won 13,21515,831 billion in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, respectively, and under our current budgets, are estimated to be approximately Won 19,71419,898 billion, Won 20,376 billion18,479 and Won 18,65116,339 billion in 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2015,2016, respectively. We plan to finance our capital expenditures primarily through issuance of securities in the capital markets, borrowings from financial institutions and construction grants.
In addition, in order to deal with the long-term shortage of fuel and other resources and also to comply with various environmental standards, in April 20102012 the Government announced a plan to adopthas adopted the Renewable
Portfolio Standard (“RPS”) policy, underprogram, which replaces the Renewable Portfolio Agreement which was in effect from 2006 to 2011. Under the RPS program, each of our generation subsidiaries wassubsidiary is required to supply 2.0%generate a specified percentage of the total electricity to be generated from itby such generation subsidiary in a given year in the form of renewable energy, with the target percentage being 2.0% in 2012, 2.5% in 2013 and incrementally increasing to 10.0% by 2012 and 10% of the total electricity generated by 2022, with fines being levied on any unit failing to do so in the prescribed timeline. Satisfaction of the supply target for 2012 by our generation subsidiaries is currently under evaluation, and our generation subsidiaries found to have failed to satisfy the supply target may become subject to fine or other penalty although we are currently unable to predict the type or amount of fine or other penalty that will be imposed.2022. The current budgeted amount of capital expenditure for implementation of the RPS as currently planned for the period from 20122013 to 2022 is approximately Won 4513.7 trillion. We expect that such additional capital expenditure will be covered by a corresponding increase in electricity tariff. However, there is no assurance that the Government will in fact raise the electricity tariff atto a level sufficient to fully cover such additional capital expenditures or at all. See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Renewable Energy” for a further description of the Renewable Portfolio Standard and our related past capital expenditures.
Fuel Purchases
We require significant funds to finance our operations, principally in relation to the purchase of fuels by our generation subsidiaries for generation of electricity. In 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, fuel costs accounted for 46.8%49.7%, 49.7%48.5% and 48.5%45.1% of our sales and 51.1%50.2%, 50.2%49.2% and 49.2%47.8% of our cost of sales, respectively. We plan to fund our fuel purchases primarily with net operating cash, although in cases of rapid increases in fuel prices as wasis the case in recent years,from time to time, we may also rely on borrowings from financial institutions and issuance of debt securities in the capital markets.
Repayment of Existing Debt
Payments of principal and interest on indebtedness will require considerable resources. The table below sets forth the scheduled maturities of the outstanding interest-paying debt (excluding issue discounts and premium) before accounting for swap transactions of us and our six wholly-owned generation subsidiaries as of December 31, 20122013 for each year from 20132014 to 20172018 and thereafter. As of December 31, 2012,2013, such debt represented 98.1%97.7% of our outstanding debt on a consolidated basis (including the current portion but excluding issue discounts and premium).basis.
Year ended December 31 | Local currency borrowings | Foreign currency borrowings | Domestic Debentures | Foreign debentures | Exchangeable bonds | Total | Local Currency Borrowings | Foreign Currency Borrowings | Domestic Debentures | Foreign Debentures | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions of Won) | (in millions of Won) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2013 | 1,736,427 | 442,180 | 3,980,000 | 1,500,331 | — | 7,658,938 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2014 | 532,782 | 321,330 | 4,250,000 | 2,089,237 | — | 7,193,349 | 910,408 | 477,154 | 4,250,000 | 2,375,008 | 8,012,570 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2015 | 423,320 | — | 4,400,000 | 1,553,451 | — | 6,376,771 | 424,425 | — | 4,400,000 | 1,213,946 | 6,038,371 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2016 | 354,047 | — | 4,680,000 | 696,291 | — | 5,730,338 | 757,133 | — | 5,920,000 | 686,020 | 7,363,153 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2017 | 860,835 | — | 4,180,000 | 1,392,430 | — | 6,433,265 | 836,232 | — | 4,630,000 | 1,371,890 | 6,838,122 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2018 | 849,201 | — | 5,051,060 | 2,522,592 | 8,422,853 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Thereafter | 1,203,950 | 9,409 | 15,190,000 | 2,513,573 | — | 18,916,932 | 391,284 | 9,270 | 19,560,000 | 3,011,631 | 22,972,185 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total | 5,111,361 | 772,919 | 36,680,000 | 9,745,313 | — | 52,309,593 | 4,168,683 | 486,424 | 43,811,060 | 11,181,087 | 59,647,254 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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We and our six wholly-owned generation subsidiaries have incurred interest charges (including capitalized interest) in relation to our interest-paying debt of Won 2,4822,721 billion, Won 2,6972,927 billion and Won 2,9463,084 billion in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, respectively. We anticipate that interest charges will increase in future years because of, among other factors, anticipated increases in our long-term debt. See “—Capital Resources” below. The weighted average raterates of interest on our and our six wholly-owned generation subsidiaries’ debt was 5.16%were 4.91%, 4.91%4.65% and 4.65%4.11% in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, respectively.
We plan to finance our relocation costs primarily through net cash flows from our operating and investing activities, as well as borrowings from financial institutions and issuance of securities in the capital markets, among others.
Relocation Expenses
In June 2005, the Government announced its policy to relocate the headquarters of government-invested enterprises, including us and certain of our subsidiaries, including six generation subsidiaries, from the Seoul metropolitan area to other provinces in Korea. Pursuant to this policy, our headquarters are scheduled to be relocated to Naju in Jeolla Province, which is approximately 300 kilometers south of Seoul. Although the relocation was initially scheduled to occur by the end of 2012, due to construction delays, we currently expect that the relocation will occur by the end of 2014. In addition, the headquarters of certain of our subsidiaries are scheduled to be relocated to various other cities in Korea. Under the current relocation plan as approved by the Government in 2007 and in accordance with the relevant statute and related guidelines, the total relocation cost for us and our generation subsidiaries is estimated to be Won 1,4971,522 billion, which will be paid out over the construction period. Under a special act enacted for this purpose, we are required to sell the property in our current headquarters within one year after the relocation.
We plan to finance our relocation costs primarily through net cash flows from our operation, proceeds from the sale of the existing headquarters and investing activities, as well as borrowings from financial institutions and issuance of securities in the capital markets, as well as net operating cash.among others.
Overseas Investments
As part of our revenue diversification and fuel procurement strategy, we plan to continue to make overseas investments on a selective basis, which will be funded primarily through foreign currency-denominated borrowings and debt securities issuances as well as net operating cash from such projects.
Capital Resources
We have traditionally met our working capital and other capital requirements primarily from net cash provided by operating activities, issuance of debt securities and borrowings from financial institutions. Net cash provided by operating activities is primarily a function of electricity sales and fuel purchases and is also affected by increases and decreases in trade receivables, trade payables and inventory related to electricity sales and fuel purchases. Net cash provided by operating activities was Won 6,740 billion, Won 4,145 billion, and Won 3,917 billion and Won 6,884 billion in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively.
As of December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, our long-term debt (excluding the current portion but including issue discounts and premium), before accounting for swap transactions, amounted to Won 39,198 billion, Won 45,525 billion and Won 52,801 billion, respectively, representing 72.9%, 89.1% and 102.6% of shareholders’ equity, respectively, as of such dates. As of December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, the current portions of our long-term debt were Won 5,832 billion, Won 7,005 billion and Won 7,508 billion, respectively. As of December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, our short-term borrowings amounted to Won 1,174 billion, Won 689 billion and Won 579 billion, respectively. See Note 23 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements included in this annual report. Total long-term debt (including the current portion but excluding issue discounts and premium), before accounting for swap transactions, as of December 31, 20122013 was Won 52,64960,441 billion, of which Won 41,35847,793 billion was denominated in Won and an equivalent of Won 11,29112,648 billion was denominated in foreign currencies, primarily U.S. dollars. In addition, in anticipation of potential liquidity shortage, we maintain several credit facilities with domestic financial institutions amounting to Won 3,816 billion and US$2,185 million, the full amount of which was available as of December 31, 2012. In addition, we, KHNP and KOWEPO also maintain U.S. dollar-denominated global medium-term note programs in the aggregate amount of US$10 billion, of which approximately US$5.84 billion remains currently available for future drawdown.
As of December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, our long-term debt, excluding the current portion thereof, as a percentage of shareholders’ equity was 57.3%, 72.9% and 89.1%, respectively. As of December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, the current portion of our long-term debt was Won 6,311 billion, Won 5,832 billion and Won 7,005 billion, respectively. As of December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, our short-term borrowings amounted to Won 458 billion, Won 1,174 billion and Won 689 billion, respectively. See Note 23 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements.
Subject to the implementation of our capital expenditure plan and the sale of our interests in our generation subsidiaries and other subsidiaries, our long-term debt may increase or decrease in future years. Until recently, a substantial portion of our long-term debt was raised through foreign currencycurrency-denominated borrowings. However, we have been adjusting the proportion of foreign currency-denominated debt in order to reduce the
impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations on our results of operations, we have reduced the proportion of our debt which is denominated in foreign currencies and plan to adjust the proportion of foreign currency debt in order to optimize our foreign currency exposure in light of, among others, the fluctuations in the value of Won, the cost of funding by each currency and the maturity of fund available in each market.operations. Our foreign currency-denominated long-term debt (including the current portion but excluding issue discounts and
premium), before accounting for swap transactions, increased from Won 10,462 billion as of December 31, 2011 to Won 11,291 billion as of December 31, 2012 before accounting for swap transactions.to Won 12,648 billion as of December 31, 2013.
Our ability to incur long-term debt in the future is subject to a variety of factors, many of which are beyond our control, including, the implementation of the Restructuring Plan and the amount of capital that other Korean entities may seek to raise in capital markets. Economic, political and other conditions in Korea may also affect investor demand for our securities and those of other Korean entities. In addition, our ability to incur debt will also be affected by the Government’s policies relating to foreign currency borrowings, the liquidity of the Korean capital markets and our operating results and financial condition. In case of adverse developments in Korea, however, the price at which such financing may be available may not be acceptable to us.
We incur our short-term borrowings primarily through commercial papers sold to domestic financial institutions. We have not had, and we do not expect to have, any material difficulties in obtaining short-term borrowings. In addition, in order to prepare for potential liquidity shortage, we maintain several credit facilities with domestic financial institutions amounting to Won 2,550 billion and US$4,549 million, the full amount of which was available as of December 31, 2013.
We may raise capital from time to time through the issuance of equity securities. However, there are certain restrictions on our ability to issue equity, including limitations on shareholdings by foreigners. In addition, without changes in the existing KEPCO Act which requires that the Government, directly or pursuant to the Korea Finance Corporation Act, through Korea Finance Corporation, own at least 51% of our capital stock, it may be difficult or impossible for us to undertake any equity financing other than sales of treasury stock without the participation of the Government. Even if we are able to conduct equity financing with the participation of the Government, prevailing market conditions may be such that we may not be able conduct equity financing on terms that are commercially acceptable to us. See Item 3D. “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Korea and the Global Economy.”
Our total shareholders’ equity decreasedslightly increased from Won 53,804 billion as of December 31, 2011 to Won 51,064 billion as of December 31, 2012.2012 to Won 51,451 billion as of December 31, 2013.
Liquidity
Our liquidity is substantially affected by our construction expenditures and fuel purchases. Construction in progress increased slightlyby 29.0% from Won 19,912 billion as of December 31, 2011 to Won 21,184 billion as of December 31, 2012.2012 to Won 27,334 billion as of December 31, 2013. Fuel costs represented 49.7%increased by 1.6% to Won 24,200 billion in 2013 from Won 23,823 billion in 2012.
Our cash flows are also impacted by several other factors. Our net cash provided by operating activities amounted to Won 3,917 billion in 2012 and 48.5%Won 6,884 billion in 2013. The increase in net cash provided by operating activities in 2013 compared to 2012 was mainly due to an increase in cash collected from our customers in tandem with increases in the sales volume and electricity tariff rates in 2013 compared to 2012 and the decrease in the unit cost of our salescoal, LNG and oil in 20112013 compared to 2012, which in turn led to a decrease in cash paid for fuel cost. Our cash flows from investing activities are affected by acquisitions of property, plant and 2012, respectively.equipment. Our cash flows from financing activities are mainly affected by borrowings and issuance of debt securities and repayment thereof, as well as dividends paid.
Due to the capital-intensive nature of our business as well as significant volatility in fuel prices, from time to time we operate with a working capital deficit,deficits, and we may have substantial working capital deficitdeficits in the
future. As of December 31, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, we had a working capital deficit of Won 9163,974 billion, Won 3,9744,884 billion and Won 4,8844,945 billion, respectively. We have traditionally met our working capital and other capital requirements primarily fromwith net cash provided by operating activities, issuance of debt securities, borrowings from financial institutions and construction grants. We also incur our short-term borrowings primarily through commercial papers sold to domestic financial institutions. We have not had, and we do not expect to have, any material difficulties in obtaining short-term borrowings. See “—Capital Resources.”
We may face liquidity concerns in the case of significant depreciation of Koreanthe Won against major foreign currencies over a short period of time. While substantially all of our revenues are denominated in Won, we pay for substantially all of our fuel purchases in foreign currencies and a substantial portion of our long-term debt is denominated in foreign currencies, and payment of principal and interest thereon is made in foreign currencies. In the past, we have incurred foreign currency debt principally due to the limited availability and the high cost of Won-denominated financing in Korea. However, in light of the increasing sophistication of the Korean capital markets and the recent increase in liquidity in the Korean financial markets, we plan to reduce the portion of our debt which is denominated in foreign currencies although we intend to continue to raise certain amounts of capital through long-term foreign currency debt for purposes of maintaining diversity in our funding sources as
well as paying for overseas investments in foreign currencies. As of December 31, 2012,2013, approximately 21.4%20.9% of our long-term debt (including the current portion but excluding issue discountdiscounts and premium) before accounting for swap transactions was denominated in currencies other than Won.
We enter into currency swaps and other hedging arrangements with respect to our debt denominated in foreign currencies only to a limited extent due primarily to the limited size of the Korean market for such derivative arrangements. Such instruments include combined currency and interest rate swap agreements, interest rate swaps and foreign exchange agreements. We do not enter into derivative financial instruments in order to hedge market risk resulting from fluctuations in fuel costs. Our policy is to hold or issue derivative financial instruments for hedging purposes only. Our derivative financial instruments are entered into with major financial institutions, thereby minimizing the risk of credit loss. See Note 11 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements.
We did not pay any dividends in 2012 and 2013 in respect of fiscal years 2011 and 2012, anddue to our incurring net losses for such fiscal years; however, we currently have no plans to paypaid dividends in 2013of Won 90 per share on April 25, 2014 as we recordedhad net lossesincome in 2012.fiscal year 2013.
Other
Our operations are materially affected by the policies and actions of the Government. See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Regulation.”
Item 5C. Research and Development, Patents and Licenses, etc.
Research and Development
Our research and development program is focused on developing advanced electric power, and renewable energy, technologysmart grid and customer-friendly electricity service technologies that will enable us to become a global leader in the energy industry. In order to achieve our corporate vision of becoming a “Global Top Green & Smart Energy Pioneer”,Pioneer,” in 20122013 we adopted the KEPCO Technology Strategy as part of our 2020 Mid-which emphasizes enhanced technological convergence and Long-Term Strategic Management Plan.customer service. As part of such strategy, we seek to develop (i) clean and smart energy technology, including in relation to low carbon emission in power generation, (ii) an efficient and intelligent power transmission and distribution grid system, (iii) technology that will enhance efficiency and constructionresponsiveness to consumer’s electricity consumption patterns, and operation of high value-added power plants.(iv) improvements in information, communication and technology (“ICT”) for enhanced customer service.
In 2013,2014, consistent with the Government guidelines, we plan to invest approximately 0.6%0.5% of our annual revenue in the research and development of green and smart technologies, such as wind power,particularly with a focus on the following 12 areas: integrated gasification combined cycle for synthetic natural gas production, carbon capture and storage, solaroffshore wind power, generation, bio-energy, geothermaloffshore energy smart grid, micro grid, energy storage system,development, high voltage direct currents, super conductor, rehabilitation, operationsmart grid, micro grid, demand responsive and maintenance,energy efficiency applications, power ICT solutions, intelligent plant management (“ROMM”), smart plant, development of natural resourcessystem and water desalination.energy storage systems.
Our high-priority “green and smart energy” projects currently include the following:
acquiring integrated gasified process technology;
establishing high-tech smart grid and micro grid test beds in Jeju Island;
developing highly efficient absorbents for carbon capture;
commercializing offshore wind power plants; and
obtaining high voltagehigh-voltage direct currents technology suitable for domestic operation.operation; and
experimental testing of large-scale electricity storage systems with capacities ranging from four to eight megawatts.
Our research and development activities also focus on the following:
Inin the thermal power generation sector, enhancing efficiency and reducing cost in power plant construction and operation as well as in our plant maintenance, including through improvements in damage analysis and environmental-friendlyenvironment-friendly inspections;
Inin the renewable energy sector, enhancing efficiency, lowering costs of power generation, identifying new energy sources and exploring new business opportunities; and
Inin the electric power system sector, enhancing the stability and reliability in the operation of our electric power grid as well as enhancing efficiency in electricity distribution, including through introducing preventive maintenance measures for substations and developing technologies related to system automation, power utilization and power line communication.communication;
in the customer service sector, developing technologies enabling a greater range of business opportunities and heightened customer service in anticipation of the upcoming rollout of the smart grid system; and
in the technological convergence sector, identifying new business opportunities through convergence among technologies and businesses and maximizing synergy from such convergence in tandem with the promotion of creative economy in Korea as well as globally.
In addition, we cooperate closely with several other electric utility companies and research institutes, both foreign and domestic, on various projects to diversify the scope and scale of our research and development activities.
We invested approximately Won 327640 billion in 20122013, and currently plan to invest Won 491924 billion in 20132014, on research and development. We had approximately 1,087888 employees engaged in research and development activities as of December 31, 2012.2013. As a result of our research, 7,6206,222 patent applications were submitted in Korea and abroad, and 3,9442,794 applications have beenwere approved, as of December 31, 2012. Inin each case, in 2013.In addition, we plan to establish a management infrastructure that will facilitate the development of high value-added intellectual properties. We also seek opportunities to market our technologies overseas.
Trends, uncertainties and events which could have a material impact on our sales, liquidity and capital resources are discussed above in Item 5A. “Operating Results” and Item 5B. “Liquidity and Capital Resources.”
Item 5E. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We havehad no significant off-balance sheet arrangements as of December 31, 2012.2013.
Item 5F. Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations
The following summarizes certain of the contractual obligations of KEPCOus and itsour six wholly-owned generation subsidiaries as of December 31, 20122013 and the effect such obligations are expected to have on liquidity and cash flow in future periods.
Payments Due by Period | Payments Due by Period | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual Obligations(1) | Total | Less than 1 year | 2–3 years | 4–5 years | After 5 years | Total | Less than 1 year | 1–3 years | 3–5 years | After 5 years | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in billions of Won) | (in billions of Won) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt(2) | ₩ | 51,620 | ₩ | 6,970 | ₩ | 13,570 | ₩ | 12,163 | ₩ | 18,917 | ₩ | 54,366 | ₩ | 2,731 | ₩ | 13,402 | ₩ | 15,261 | ₩ | 22,972 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest payments on long-term debt(3) | 11,941 | 2,161 | 3,457 | 1,892 | 4,431 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Short-term borrowings | 689 | 689 | — | — | — | 5,281 | 5,281 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plant construction(4) | 44,557 | 10,501 | 18,472 | 15,584 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest payments (3) | 12,774 | 1,801 | 3,605 | 2,264 | 5,104 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total | ₩ | 108,807 | ₩ | 20,321 | ₩ | 35,499 | ₩ | 29,639 | ₩ | 23,348 | ₩ | 72,421 | ₩ | 9,813 | ₩ | 17,007 | ₩ | 17,525 | ₩ | 28,076 | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Notes:
(1) | We have several other contractual obligations, |
(2) | Includes the current |
(3) | A portion of our |
For a description of our commercial commitments and contingent liabilities, see Note 4849 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements.statements included in this annual report.
We entered into a power purchasingpurchase agreement with GS EPS Co., Ltd. and three other independent power producers, under which we are required to annually purchase a minimum amount ofall electricity generated by these companies to the extent such electricity is traded through the KPX. The purchase prices for such electricity are predetermined under the power purchase agreements, subject to annual adjustments. We purchased power from these companies. Power we purchased from these companies amounted toin the amounts of Won 1,9392,529 billion, Won 2,2913,249 billion and Won 3,0203,161 billion for the years ended December 31, 2010,in 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, respectively.
We have entered into contracts with domestic and foreign suppliers (includingto purchase bituminous coal and anthracite coal. Although we meet our coal requirements primarily through purchases in spot markets, substantial amounts of such requirements are also met through purchases under long-term supply contracts. Under our long-term supply contracts, purchase prices are adjusted periodically based on prevailing market conditions. We currently purchase all our LNG requirements from Korea Gas Corporation, a related party) to purchase bituminous coal, anthracite coal and LNG. These contracts generally have terms of three months to one year and are periodically adjusted to prevailing market prices. Under most of the coal purchase contracts, we are required to purchase an annual quantity of coal.party. We have also entered into long-term transportation contracts with Hanjin Shipping Co., Ltd. and others.
We import all uranium ore concentrates from sources outside Korea (including the United States, United Kingdom, Kazakhstan, France, Russia, South Africa,Germany, Niger, Canada, Japan and Australia) through medium- to long-term contracts and pay for such concentrates with currencies other than Won, primarily U.S. dollars. Contract prices for processing of uranium are generally based on market prices. See Note 4748 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements for further details of these contracts.
Under the Long-term Transmission and Substation Plan approved by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, which took effect on March 13, 2009, we are liable for the construction of all of our power transmission facilities and the maintenance and repair expenses for such facilities.
Payment guarantee and short-term credit facilities from financial institutions as of December 31, 20122013 were as follows:
Payment guarantee
Description | Financial Institutions | Credit Lines | ||||||||
(In millions of Won or
| ||||||||||
Payment of import letter of credits | ||||||||||
USD | ||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | GBP | 61,169 | ||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | EUR | |||||||||
Nonghyup Bank and others | JPY | 18,914,670 | ||||||||
Inclusive credits | Korea Exchange Bank and others | KRW | ||||||||
HSBC and others | USD | |||||||||
Performance guarantees on guarantees | Seoul Guarantee Insurance and others | KRW | ||||||||
Standard Chartered Bank and others | USD | |||||||||
Kookmin Bank | EUR | 37,082 | ||||||||
HSBC and others | INR | 236,443 | ||||||||
Guarantees for bid | SMBC and others | USD | ||||||||
Warranty bond and others | Shinhan Bank | EUR | ||||||||
HSBC | ||||||||||
Other guarantees | Korea Exchange Bank and others | KRW | ||||||||
USD | ||||||||||
HSBC | INR |
Overdraft and Others
Description | Financial Institutions | Credit Lines | ||||||||
(In millions of Won or thousands of US$) | ||||||||||
Overdraft | Nonghyup Bank and others | |||||||||
Commercial paper | Korea Exchange Bank and others | |||||||||
Limit amount available for card | Hana Bank and others | 71,500 | ||||||||
Loan limit | ||||||||||
USD | ||||||||||
Repayment guarantees for foreign currency debentures | Korea Development Bank | USD |
We have entered into contracts with several companies in the aggregate amount of Won 28,719 billion as of December 31, 2012 for construction of power plant facilities and facility maintenance.
We have provided a debtrepayment guarantee of US$58 million to Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation and other financial institutions and a guarantee on interest swap agreement of US$1.5 million to Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation in relation to the UAE Shuweihat S3 project.
We also provided a performance guarantee to Kookmin bankBank related to a construction contract. Such guarantees areguarantee is not recognized as a provision for financial guarantee because these guarantees dosuch performance guarantee does not meet the definition of a financial guarantee contract under IFRS.
We have
Existing guarantees provided as collateral shares of Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. in the amount of Won 390 billion, in additionby us to a performance guarantee and funding for a redemption obligation of Won 60 billion, in relation to
Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd.’s indebtedness of Won 450 billion from Korea Development Bank in connection with its community energy business in Yeosu city. In relation to such guarantees, NH POWER 2nd Co., Ltd. and Daewoo Securities Co., Ltd. have agreed to purchase shares of Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. owned by Yeochun TPL Co., Ltd. We also have been granted preferential rights to purchase the shares of the investors in the project in lieu of our investment guarantee.
We have provided warrants with regards to shares of RES Technology AD and ASM-BG Investicii AD, in connection with their indebtedness of EUR 59,243 thousand and EUR 59,469 thousand, respectively, from Korea Development Bank, in connection with their solar business in Bulgaria.
We have provided the following guarantees for our affiliatesassociates and joint ventures as of December 31, 2012:2013 are as follows:
Primary | Secondary | Type of | Foreign Currency | Credit | Guarantee | |||||||||
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| Debt guarantees | USD | |||||||||||
| Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. | Performance guarantees | USD | ADWEA | ||||||||||
| Shuweihat Asia O&M | Performance guarantees | USD | 11,000 | ADWEA | |||||||||
| Performance guarantees | USD | ||||||||||||
| Performance guarantees |
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| Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | Hana Bank, Korea Exchange | ||||||||||
Guarantees for supplemental funding | — | |||||||||||||
| Performance guarantees | USD | 2,310 | Krung Thai Bank | ||||||||||
Collateralized money invested | USD | 16,934 | ||||||||||||
KOWEPO | Rabigh O&M Co., Ltd. | Performance guarantees | SAR | 4,800 | Saudi Arabia British Bank | |||||||||
KOWEPO | Deagu Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | |||||||||||
| Collateralized money invested | KRW | Kookmin Bank and others | |||||||||||
KOWEPO | PT Mutiara Jawa | Collateralized money invested | USD | 2,610 | Shinhan Bank Singapore | |||||||||
EWP | Busan shinho Solar power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 2,100 | KT Capital Co., Ltd. | |||||||||
| STX Electric Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 176,400 | Korea Development Bank | |||||||||
EWP | Honam Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 3,600 | Shinhan Bank and others | |||||||||
KOSPO | KNH Solar Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 1,296 | Shinhan Bank, Kyobo Life Insurance Co., Ltd. | |||||||||
Performance guarantees and guarantees for supplemental funding(1) | — | — |
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd.
Primary Guarantor | Secondary Guarantor | Type of | Foreign Currency | Credit Limit | Guarantee (Final | |||||||||
KOSPO | Daeryun Power | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 25,477 | Korea Development Bank, Dongbu Insurance Co., Ltd. and others | |||||||||
Guarantees for supplemental funding(1) | — | |||||||||||||
| Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 3,801 | Shinhan Bank, Woori Bank | |||||||||
Guarantees for supplemental funding(1) | — | |||||||||||||
| Collateralized money invested | KRW | ||||||||||||
| Guarantees for supplemental funding(1) | — | Shinhan Bank, Bank of Cheju | |||||||||||
KOSPO | Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | Korea | ||||||||||
Performance guarantees and guarantees for supplemental funding(1) | — | |||||||||||||
KOSPO | KS Solar Corp. Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 637 | Shinhan Capital Co., Ltd. | |||||||||
KOSPO | Jeonnam Solar | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 700 | Shinhan Capital Co., Ltd. | |||||||||
KOSPO | Kelar S.A. | Performance guarantees | USD | 13,000 | Korea Exchange Bank | |||||||||
KEPCO E&C | DS Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 2,900 | Korea Exchange Bank | |||||||||
KOSPO | KRW | 15,000 | and Daewoo Securities Co., Ltd. | |||||||||||
KEPCO E&C | Performance guarantees and guarantees for supplemental funding(1) | — | ||||||||||||
KOSPO | — | |||||||||||||
KOMIPO | Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 87,003 | Korea Development Bank and others | |||||||||
Guarantees for supplemental funding(1) | — | |||||||||||||
KOMIPO | Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 7,410 | Industrial Bank of Korea |
Primary Guarantor | Secondary Guarantor | Type of | Foreign Currency | Credit Limit | Guarantee (Final | |||||||||
KOMIPO | Cheonan Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 122 | KT Capital Corporation | |||||||||
KOMIPO | Gumi-ochang Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 288 | Shinhan Capital Co., Ltd. | |||||||||
KOMIPO | Chungbuk Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 166 | KT Capital Corporation | |||||||||
KOMIPO | Golden Route J Solar Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 82 | Shinhan Capital Co., Ltd. | |||||||||
KOMIPO | PT. Cirebon Electric Power | Debt guarantees | USD | 8,091 | Hana Bank | |||||||||
KOMIPO | D Solarenergy Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 400 | Shinhan Capital Co., Ltd. | |||||||||
KOMIPO | Hyundai Asan Solar Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 471 | Shinhan Capital Co., Ltd. | |||||||||
KOSEP | Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 71,070 | Korea Development Bank and others | |||||||||
Performance guarantees and guarantees for supplemental funding(1) | — | — | ||||||||||||
KOSEP | RES Technology AD | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 15,595 | Korea Development Bank and others | |||||||||
Debt guarantees | EUR | 4,271 | ||||||||||||
KOSEP | ASM-BG investicii AD | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 16,101 | Korea Development Bank and others | |||||||||
Debt guarantees | EUR | 4,175 | ||||||||||||
KOSEP | Express solar-light Power Generation Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 3,132 | Woori Bank and others | |||||||||
Guarantees for supplemental funding(1) | — | — | ||||||||||||
KOSEP | S-Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 108,000 | Korea Development Bank and others | |||||||||
Performance guarantees and guarantees for supplemental funding(1) | — | — |
Primary Guarantor | Secondary Guarantor | Type of | Foreign Currency | Credit Limit | Guarantee (Final | |||||||||
KOSEP | YEONGAM Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 11,584 | Kookmin Bank and others | |||||||||
Guarantees for supplemental funding(1) | — | — | ||||||||||||
KOSEP | Coscon Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 245 | Shinhan Capital Co., Ltd. | |||||||||
KOSEP | Yeonan Solar Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 157 | Shinhan Capital Co., Ltd. | |||||||||
KOSEP | Q1 Solar Energy Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 1,005 | Shinhan Bank and others | |||||||||
KOSEP | Best Solar Energy Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 1,242 | Shinhan Bank and others | |||||||||
KOSEP USA, INC. | KODE NOVUS II LLC | Guarantees for supplemental funding(1) | — | Korea Development Bank and others | ||||||||||
KOSEP USA, INC. | KODE NOVUS I LLC | Guarantees for supplemental funding(1) | — | Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. | ||||||||||
KOSEP | Yeong Wol Energy Station Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 462 | Daewoo Securities Co., Ltd. and others | |||||||||
KHNP | KRW | 1,400 | ||||||||||||
KEPCO KPS | Incheon New Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 461 | Shinhan Bank | |||||||||
Guarantees for supplemental funding(1) | — | — |
Note:
(1) | We guarantee to provide supplemental funding for businesses in cases of excessive business expenses or insufficient repayment of borrowings. |
Other than as described in this annual report and also in Notes 4546 and 4749 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements included in this annual report, we did not have any other material credit lines and guarantee commitments provided to any third parties as of December 31, 2012.2013.
We are subject to a number of legal proceedings. For a description of our legal proceedings, see Item 8A. “Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information—Legal Proceedings.”
ITEM 6. | DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES |
Item 6A. Directors and Senior Management
Board of Directors
Under the KEPCO Act, the Public Agencies Management Act and our Articles of Incorporation, our board of directors, which is required to consist of not more than 15 directors, including the president, is vested with the authority over our management.
Pursuant to our Articles of Incorporation and the Public Agencies Management Act, we have two types of directors: standing directors (sangim-isa in Korean) and non-standing directors (bisangim-isa in Korean). The standing directors refer to our directors who serve their positions in full-time capacity. Many of our standing directors concurrently hold executive positions with us or our subsidiaries. The non-standing directors refer to our directors who do not serve their positions in full-time capacity. The non-standing directors currently do not hold any executive positions with us or our subsidiaries.
Under our Articles of Incorporation, there may not be more than seven standing directors, including our president, and more than eight non-standing directors. The number of standing directors, including our president, may not exceed the number of non-standing directors. A senior non-standing director appointed by the Ministry of Strategy and Finance becomes our chairman of the board following the review and resolution of the Public Agencies Operating Committee.
Our president is appointed by the President of the Republic upon the motion of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy following the nomination by our director nomination committee, the review and resolution of the Public Agencies Operating Committee pursuant to the Public Agencies Management Act and an approval at the general meeting of our shareholders. Our controller & auditor general is appointed by the President of the Republic upon the motion of the Ministry of Strategy and Finance following the nomination by our director nomination committee, the review and resolution of the Public Agencies Operating Committee pursuant to the Public Agencies Management Act and an approval at the general meeting of our shareholders. Standing directors (other than our president and controller & auditor general) are appointed by our president with the approval at the general meeting of our shareholders.
On January 24, 2011, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy changed the designation of our generation subsidiaries from “other public institutions” to “market-oriented public enterprise”.enterprises.” As “other public institutions” under the provisions of the Public Agencies Management Act, our generation subsidiaries were not subject to the same regulations applicable to us with regards to corporate governance matters such as the appointment and dismissal of directors and the composition of the boards of directors. However, as market-oriented public enterprises, our generation subsidiaries are currently subject to the same corporate governance rules applicable to us. All of our generation subsidiaries accordingly amended their respective articles of incorporation in 2011 and are currently generally subject to the same system of regulations applicable to us.
The non-standing directors must be appointed by the Ministry of Strategy and Finance following the review and resolution of the Public Agencies Operating Committee from a pool of candidates recommended by the director nomination committee and must have ample knowledge and experience in business management. Government officials that are not part of the teaching staff in national and public schools are ineligible to become our non-standing directors. Our president serves as our chief executive officer and represents us and administers our day-to-day business in all matters and bears the responsibility for the management’s performance. The term of our president is three years, while that of our directors is two years. According to the Public Agencies Management Act, our president’s term cannot be terminated unless done so by the President of the Republic pursuant to the Public Agencies Management Act or upon an event as specified in our Articles of Incorporation.
Attendance by a majority of the board members constitutes a voting quorum for our board meetings, and resolutions can be passed by a majority of the board members. In the event the president acts in violation of law or the Articles of Incorporation, is negligent in his duties, or otherwise is deemed to be significantly impeded in performing his official duties as chief executive officer, the board of directors may by resolution request the minister of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy to dismiss or recommend the dismissal of the president.
Non-standing directors may request any information necessary to fulfill their duties from the chief executive officer, and except in special circumstances, the chief executive officer must comply with such request.
The names, titles and outside occupations, if any, of the directors as of March 15, 2013April 17, 2014 and the respective years in which they took office are set forth below.
Name | Age | Title | Outside Occupation | Position Held Since | ||||
Cho, Hwan-Eik | President, Chief Executive Officer and Standing Director | None | December 17, 2012 | |||||
| Standing Director and | |||||||
| Standing Director and Executive Vice President of Domestic Operations | None | ||||||
| Standing Director and Executive Vice President of Overseas Operations | None | ||||||
| (58) | Standing Director and Executive Vice President & Chief | None | |||||
Kim, | Standing Director and Executive Vice President & Chief Technology Officer | None | ||||||
Koo, Bon-Woo | Standing Director and Executive Vice President & Chief | None | February 20, 2012 | |||||
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Chung, Hae-Joo | Non-Standing Director | Chairman of the Board, Korea Testing & Research Institute | June 30, 2011 | |||||
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Kim, Jung-Hyun | Non-Standing Director | Professor, Yonsei University | June 13, 2012 | |||||
Yim, Chu-Hwan | Non-Standing Director | Visiting Professor, Korea University | October 19, 2012 | |||||
Shin, Il-Soon | (66) | Non-Standing Director | Policy advisor of New Frontier Party | April 11, 2011 | ||||
Nam, Dong-Kyoon | (61) | Non-Standing Director | Standing Auditor, BC Card | October 24, 2011 | ||||
Lee, Kang-Hee | (72) | Non-Standing Director | Member of the Incheon City Advisory Committee | March 14, 2014 | ||||
Cho, Jeon-Hyeok | (54) | Non-Standing Director and member of the Audit Committee | Professor of economics, Myungji University | March 14, 2014 | ||||
Choi, Gyo-Il | (52) | Non-Standing Director and member of the Audit Committee | Attorney, Choi, Gyo-Il Law Firm | March 14, 2014 |
Cho, Hwan-Eik has been our President, Chief Executive Officer and Standing Director since December 17, 2012. Prior to his current position, he served as Chair-professor ofat Hanyang University, President of the Korea Trade-Investment Promotion Agency, CEO of Korea Export Insurance Corporation and Vice Minister of the Ministry of Commerce. Mr. Cho received a Ph.D. in business administration from Hanyang University.
Han, Dae-SooAhn, Hong-Ryoul has been our Standing Director and Controller & Auditor Generalmember of the Audit Committee since January 24, 2011.December 27, 2013. Mr. Ahn currently serves as auditor of Korea Hemophilia Foundation. Prior to his current position, he served as Second Deputy Secretary-General of the Grandattorney at Ahn, Hong-Ryoul Law Firm and public prosecutor at Busan District Public Prosecutor’s Office. Mr. Ahn received a B.A. in law from Seoul National Party, the current ruling political party in Korea. Mr. Han received an M.A. in public administration from Yonsei University.
Cho, In-KookPark, Kyu-Ho has been our Standing Director since March 11, 2011.June 18, 2013. Mr. ChoPark also currently serves as our Executive Vice President of Domestic Operations and previously served as our ExecutiveChief Financial Officer, Vice President of Busan District Division and Chief Strategy Officer.Head of our Beijing office. Mr. ChoPark received a B.A. in economicsan M.B.A. from HanyangKorea University.
Byun, Jun-YeonPark, Jung-Keunhas been our Standing Director since April 22, 2011.October 29, 2013. Mr. ByunPark also currently serves as our Executive Vice President of Overseas Operations and Chief Nuclear Officer and previously served as our Executive Vice President of Personnel & General Affairs Department, Vice President of International Strategy Office and Chief Global Business Officer.Vice President of Procurement & Contract Department. Mr. ByunPark received a B.S.B.A. in electrical engineeringeconomics from KoreaChung-Ang University.
Kim, Jong-HoBaek, Seung-Jung has been our Standing Director since March 11, 2011.June 18, 2013. Mr. KimBaek also currently serves as our Executive Vice President and Chief Human ResourcesFinancial Officer and previously served as ourChief Human Resources Officer, Vice President of the Labor Management Department.Audit & Inspection Office and Vice President of Daegu-Gyeongbuk District Division. Mr. KimBaek received a B.A.an M.A. in economics from Chung-AngKyungpook National University.
Kim, Chong-YoungByung-Sook has been our Standing Director since March 11, 2011.June 18, 2013. Mr. Kim also currently serves as our Executive Vice President and Chief Technology Officer and previously served as ourthe Vice President of the KEPCO Research Institute.Institute, Vice President of Technology Policy & Planning Department and Vice President of Distribution Construction Department. Mr. Kim received a D.S.Ph.D in metallurgicalelectrical engineering from SeoulChonbuk National University.
Koo, Bon-Woo has been our Standing Director since February 20, 2012. Mr. Koo also currently serves as our Executive Vice President and Chief OperatingPower Grid Officer and previously served as our Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer and Vice President of Transmission Operation Department. Mr. Koo received a B.S. in electrical engineering from Chung-Ang University.
Lee, Tae-Sik has been our Non-Standing Director since June 8, 2011. Mr. Lee is currently an advisor of SK Energy Co., Ltd. Mr. Lee received a B.A. in political science from Seoul National University and an M.A. in international public policy from Johns Hopkins University.
Shin, Il-Soon has been our Non-Standing Director since April 11, 2011. Mr. Shin is currently a policy advisor to the Grand National Party. Mr. Shin received a B.S. in electrical engineering from U.S. Military Academy (West Point), an M.A. in military art and science from the United States Army Command and General Staff College and a M.A. in business administration from Kyungnam University.
Kim, Kyung-Minhas been our Non-Standing Director since June 8, 2011. Mr. Kim is currently a professor of political science and diplomacy in Hanyang University. Mr. Kim received a B.A. in politics from Hanyang University and a Ph.D in political science from the University of Missouri.
Chung, Hae-Joohas been our Non-Standing Director since June 30, 2011. Mr. Chung is currently the chairman of the board of Korea Testing & Research Institute. Mr. Chung received a B.A. in law from Seoul National University and completed a public policy course at Seoul National University Graduate School of Public Administration.
Nam, Dong-Kyoonhas been our Non-Standing Director since October 24, 2011. Mr. Nam previously served as the Vice Mayor for Political Affairs, Daegu Metropolitan City. Mr. Nam received an M.A. in economics from Vanderbilt University.
Kim, Jung-Hyun has been our Non-Standing Director since June 13, 2012. Mr. Kim previously served as a professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering inat Yonsei University. Mr. Kim received a M.Aan M.A. in chemical and biomolecular engineering from Yonsei University and a Ph.D in polymer engineering from Lehigh University.
Yim, Chu-Hwanhas been our Non-Standing Director since October 19, 2012. Mr. Yim previously served as a visiting professor of electronics and information engineering inat Korea University. Mr. Yim received a M.Aan M.A. in industrial education from Seoul National University and a Ph.D in telecommunication system from Braunschweig University.
Shin, Il-Soon has been our Non-Standing Director since April 11, 2011. Mr. Shin is currently a policy advisor to the New Frontier Party. Mr. Shin received a B.S. in electrical engineering from U.S. Military Academy (West Point), an M.A. in military art and science from the United States Army Command and General Staff College and an M.A. in business administration from Kyungnam University.
Nam, Dong-Kyoonhas been our Non-Standing Director since October 24, 2011. Mr. Nam is currently a standing auditor of BC Card. Mr. Nam previously served as the Vice Mayor for Political Affairs, Daegu Metropolitan City. Mr. Nam received an M.A. in economics from Vanderbilt University.
Lee, Kang-Hee has been our Non-Standing Director since February 14, 2014. Mr. Lee is currently a member of the Incheon City Advisory Committee. Mr. Lee previously served as a member of the National Assembly for two terms and a member of the Advisory Board on Democratic Peaceful Unification.
Cho, Jeon-Hyeok has been our Non-Standing Director since February 14, 2014. Mr. Choi is currently Professor of economics at College of Liberal Arts, Myungji University. Mr. Choi previously served as a Professor of the Department of Economics at National University of Incheon and Chief Executive Officer of Naeil Venture Capital. Mr. Cho received a Ph.D in economic theory and financial economics from University of Wisconsin at Madison.
Choi, Gyo-Il has been our Non-Standing Director since February 14, 2014. Mr. Choi is currently an attorney-at-law at Choi, Gyo-Il law Firm. Mr. Choi previously served as Chief Public Prosecutor at the Seoul Prosecutor’s Office and Deputy Minister at the Ministry of Justice. Mr. Lee received an LL.B in law from Korea University.
The business address of our directors is 167 Samseong-Dong,512 Yeongdongdaero, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, Korea.
Audit Committee
Under the Public Agencies Management Act, which took effect as of April 1, 2007, we are designated as a “market-oriented public enterprise”enterprises” and, as such, are required to establish an audit committee in lieu of the pre-existing board of auditors upon expiration of the term of the last remaining member of the board of auditors. In September 2007, we amended our Articles of Incorporation to establish, in lieu of the pre-existing board of auditors, an audit committee meeting the requirements under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Under the Public Agencies Management Act, the Korean Commercial Code and the amended Articles of Incorporation, we are required to maintain an audit committee consisting of three members, of which not less than two members are required to be the non-standing directors. The roles and responsibilities of our audit committee members are to perform the functions of an audit committee meeting the requirements under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Our audit committee was established on December 8, 2008.
Our audit committee currently consists of Han, Dae Soo,Ahn, Hong-Ryoul, a standing director, and Kim, Kyung-MinCho, Jeon-Hyeok and Nam, Dong-Kyoon,Choi, Gyo-Il, both non-standing directors. All such members of the audit committee are independent within the meaning of the Korea Stock Exchange listing standards, the regulations promulgated under the Korean Commercial Code and the New York Stock Exchange listing standards.
In 2012,2013, the aggregate amount of remuneration paid and accrued to our directors and executive officers in the aggregate was Won 1,1805,951 million. The aggregate amount accrued in 20122013 to provide retirement and severance benefits for our directors and executive officers was Won 11396 million.
Under the Public Agencies Management Act and our Articles of Incorporation, the term of office for our directors and executive officers that are appointed after April 1, 2007 is three years for the president and two years for other executive officers. The officers and the directors may be reappointed for an additional term of one year. In order to be reappointed, the president must be evaluated on the basis of his management performance; a standing director, on the basis of the performance of the duties for which he was elected to perform, or if the standing director has executed an incentive bonus contract, on the basis of his performance under the contract; and a non-standing director, on the basis of his performance of the duties for which he was elected to perform.
Our board currently does not maintain a compensation committee. See Item 16G. “Corporate Governance.” However, we currently maintain an audit committee meeting the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act to
perform the roles and responsibilities of the compensation committee. Prior to the establishment of the audit committee on December 8, 2008 pursuant to the Public Agencies Management Act, we maintained a board of auditors, which performed the roles and responsibilities required of an audit committee under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, including the supervision of the financial and accounting audit by the independent registered public accountants.
The president’s management contract provides forincludes benefits upon termination of his employment. The amount for termination benefits payable equals the average value of compensation for one month times the number of years the president is employed by us, provided that the president is only eligible for termination benefits after more than one year of continuous service.
The termination benefits for standing directors are determined in accordance with our internal regulations for executive compensation. Standing directors are only eligible for benefits upon termination of employment or death following one year of continuous service.
See also Item 16G. “Corporate Governance” for a further description of our board practices.
As of December 31, 2012,2013, we and our generation subsidiaries had a total of 38,56239,566 regular employees and 2971,997 non-regular employees, almost all of whom are employed within Korea. Approximately 11.6%10.4% of our regular employees (including employees of our generation subsidiaries) are located at our head office in Seoul.
The following table sets forth the number of and other information relating to our regular employees, not including directors or senior management, as of December 31, 2012.2013.
KEPCO | KHNP | KOSEP | KOMIPO | KOWEPO | KOSPO | EWP | Total | KEPCO | KHNP | KOSEP | KOMIPO | KOWEPO | KOSPO | EWP | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Regular Employees | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Administrative | 4,410 | 827 | 231 | 281 | 237 | 260 | 245 | 6,491 | 4,577 | 862 | 270 | 254 | 267 | 252 | 254 | 6,736 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Engineers | 9,186 | 7,417 | 1,527 | 1,697 | 1,465 | 1,533 | 1,720 | 24,545 | 9,435 | 7,727 | 1,582 | 1,772 | 1,611 | 1,573 | 1,856 | 25,556 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 5,682 | 1,087 | 185 | 196 | 138 | 142 | 96 | 7,526 | 5,632 | 960 | 166 | 174 | 126 | 126 | 90 | 7,274 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total | 19,278 | 9,331 | 1,943 | 2,174 | 1,840 | 1,935 | 2,061 | 38,562 | 19,644 | 9,549 | 2,018 | 2,200 | 2,004 | 1,951 | 2,200 | 39,566 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Head Office Employees | 1,675 | 1,351 | 327 | 216 | 295 | 306 | 311 | 4,481 | 1,567 | 1,109 | 351 | 234 | 293 | 272 | 293 | 4,119 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
% of total | 8.7 | % | 14.5 | % | 16.8 | % | 9.9 | % | 16.0 | % | 15.8 | % | 15.1 | % | 11.6 | % | 8 | % | 11.6 | % | 17.4 | % | 10.6 | % | 14.6 | % | 13.9 | % | 13.3 | % | 10.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Members of Labor Union | 14,545 | 5,440 | 1,284 | 1,424 | 1,144 | 1,269 | 1,280 | 26,386 | 14,672 | 6,013 | 1,395 | 1,433 | 1,305 | 1,277 | 1,501 | 27,596 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
% of total | 75.4 | % | 58.3 | % | 66.1 | % | 65.5 | % | 62.2 | % | 65.6 | % | 62.1 | % | 68.4 | % | 75 | % | 63.0 | % | 69.1 | % | 65.1 | % | 65.1 | % | 65.5 | % | 68.2 | % | 69.7 | % |
We and each of our generation subsidiaries have separate labor unions. Approximately 68.4%69.7% of our and our generation subsidiaries’ employees in the aggregate are members of these labor unions, each of which negotiates a collective bargaining agreement for its members each year. Under applicable Korean law, an employee-employer cooperation committee, which is composed of eight representatives of management and eight representatives of labor, is required to be, and has been, established at the holding company and at each of our generation subsidiaries. The committee meets periodically to discuss various labor issues.
Since our formation in 1981, our businesses had not been interrupted by any work stoppages or strikes except in early 2002, when employees belonging to our five non-nuclearthermal generation subsidiaries went on strike for six weeks to protest the Government’s decision to privatize such non-nuclearthermal generation subsidiaries according to the Restructuring Plan, which privatization plan has since been suspended indefinitely. See Item 3D. “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to KEPCO—The Government may adopt policy measures to substantially restructure the Korean electric power industry or our operational structure, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, operations and profitability.”
We believe our relations with our employees are generally good.
None of our directors and members of our administrative, supervisory or management bodies own more than 0.1% of our common stock.
ITEM 7. | MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
The following table sets forth certain information relating to certain owners of our capital stock as of December 31, 2012,February 17, 2014, the date we last closed our shareholders’ registry:
Title of Class | Identity of Person or Group | Shares Owned | Percentage of Class(1) (%) | Identity of Person or Group | Shares Owned | Percentage of Class(1) (%) | ||||||||||||||
Common stock | Government | 135,917,118 | 21.17 | Government | 135,917,118 | 21.2 | ||||||||||||||
Korea Finance Corporation(2) | 192,159,940 | 29.94 | Korea Finance Corporation(2) | 192,159,940 | 29.9 | |||||||||||||||
Subtotal | 328,077,058 | 51.11 | Subtotal | 328,077,058 | 51.1 | |||||||||||||||
National Pension Corporation | 22,972,988 | 3.58 | National Pension Corporation | 41,775,649 | 6.5 | |||||||||||||||
KEPCO (held in the form of treasury stock) | 18,929,995 | 2.95 | KEPCO (held in the form of treasury stock) | 18,929,995 | 2.9 | |||||||||||||||
Korea Resolution & Collection Corporation(3) | 8,710,933 | 1.36 | Employee Stock Ownership Association | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Employee Stock Ownership Association | — | — | Directors and executive officers as a group | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Directors and executive officers as a group | — | — | Public (non-Koreans) | 150,612,232 | 23.5 | |||||||||||||||
Public (non-Koreans) | 161,715,208 | 25.18 | Common shares | 118,634,815 | 18.5 | |||||||||||||||
Common shares | 122,074,158 | 19.01 | American depositary shares | 31,977,417 | 5.0 | |||||||||||||||
American depositary shares | 39,641,050 | 6.17 | Public (Koreans) | 102,569,143 | 16.0 | |||||||||||||||
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Public (Koreans) | 101,557,895 | 15.82 | Total | 641,964,077 | 100.00 | |||||||||||||||
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Total | 641,964,077 | 100.00 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Notes:
(1) | Percentages are based on issued shares of common stock (including treasury stock). |
(2) | Korea Finance Corporation is a Government-controlled entity. |
All of our shareholders have equal voting rights. See Item 10B. “Memorandum and Articles of Incorporation—Description of Capital Stock—Voting Rights.”
Item 7B. Related Party Transactions
We are engaged in a variety of transactions with our affiliates. We have related party transactions with Government-controlled entities such as Korea Gas Corporation, our consolidated subsidiaries and our equity investees. In addition, we engage in related party transactions with Korea Finance Corporation, one of our major shareholders. See Note 4546 of the Notes to our consolidated financial statements included in this annual report for a description of transaction and balances with our related parties.
In the past three years, our related party transactions principally consisted of purchases of LNG from Korea Gas Corporation, sales of electricity to Korea District Heating Co., Ltd., and long-term borrowings from Korea Finance Corporation. In 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2012,2013, we and our generation subsidiaries purchased LNG from Korea Gas Corporation in the aggregate amount of Won 6,9309,377 billion, Won 9,37711,645 billion and Won 11,50612,937 billion, respectively. As of December 31, 2012,2013, we had long-term borrowings from Korea Finance Corporation in the aggregate amount of Won 2,4482,300 billion.
We also engage in extensive transactions with our consolidated generation subsidiaries, including the purchase of electricity from them through Korea Power Exchange, sales of electricity to them, payment and receipt of commissions for services and receivables and payables transactions. These are eliminated in the consolidation process. We also provide guarantees for certain of our affiliates. See Item 5F. “Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations—Overdraft and Others.” We also have certain relationships with the Korea Power Exchange. See Item 4B. “Business Overview—Purchase of Electricity—Cost-based Pool System.”
For a further description of our transactions with our affiliates, see Note 4546 of the Notes to our consolidated financial statements included in this annual report.
Item 7C. Interests of Experts and Counsel
Not Applicable
ITEM 8. | FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Item 8A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information
We prepare our consolidated financial statements in compliance with requirements under Item 18. “Financial Statements.”
Legal Proceedings
As of December 31, 2012,2013, we, including our generation subsidiaries, were engaged in 559597 lawsuits as the defendant and 107119 lawsuits as the plaintiff. As of the same date, the total amount of damages claimed against us was Won 390.9402 billion, for which we have made a reserveprovision of Won 26.724 billion as of December 31, 2012,2013, and the total amount claimed by us was Won 74.2109 billion as of December 31, 2012.2013. While the outcome of any of these lawsuits cannot presently be determined with certainty, our management currently believes that the final results from these lawsuits will not have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, financial position or results of operation.
The following are potentially significant claims pertaining to us and our subsidiaries.
In 2009, we entered into a contract with LS Cable & System Ltd. (“LS Cable”) under which LS Cable agreed to install submarine cables in an area between Jindo and Jeju Island. LS Cable & System Ltd. notified us of the completion of construction and requested the issuance of a certificate of completion. We however disagreed that LS Cable had completed construction in accordance with the conditions of the contract, rejected the goods delivered and refused to pay LS Cable the contracted amount. In April 2013, LS Cable filed for arbitration with the Korean Commercial Arbitration Board seeking Won 194 billion in total from us in relation to unpaid invoices under the contract and extra payments relating to claims of rejecting the test on completion and the goods delivered. Our management currently believes that we are not presently obligated to make any payments in relation to this matter and we accordingly had not made any provision in relation thereto as of December 31, 2013 based on the view that LS Cable did not fully perform its obligations according to the contract terms and further that it is not possible to reasonably estimate the amount of potential loss since the Korean Commercial Arbitration Board is in the early stages of examining the facts of the case, including by hiring third-party experts.
In January 2013, Korea Nuclear Technology Co., Ltd. (“KNT”) initiated litigation against KHNP based on the claim that KNT had a right to supply KHNP with passive autocatalytic recombiners (“PARs”), which had been developed under a cooperative research and development agreement between KNT and KHNP through a contract to be negotiated between the two parties without being required to undergo an open bidding process for a period of three years, but that KHNP selected a third party to supply the PARs following an open bidding process. The claimed amount of damages and compensation was Won 6.9 billion. In October 2013, the lower court ruled against KNT based on the principles of freedom of contract and the preference for competitive bidding. In December 2013, KNT filed for an appeal. Our management currently believes that we are not presently obligated to make any payments in relation to this matter and we accordingly had not made any provision in relation thereto as of December 31, 2013, based on the view that KHNP was not legally obligated to enter into a contract with KNT for the supply of PARs, which view has been supported by the lower court ruling.
In December 2013, the Supreme Court of Korea ruled that regular bonuses fall under the category of ordinary wages on the condition that those bonuses are paid regularly and uniformly, and that any agreement which excludes such regular bonuses from ordinary wage is invalid. The Supreme Court further ruled that in
spite of invalidity of such agreements, employees shall not retroactively claim additional wages incurred due to such court decision, in case that such claims bring to employees unexpected benefits which substantially exceeds the wage level agreed by employers and employees and cause an unpredicted increase in expenditures for their company, which would lead the company to material managerial difficulty or would threat to the existence of the company. In that case, the claim is not acceptable since it is unjust and is in breach of the principle of good faith. Prior to such Supreme Court ruling, we determined wages in accordance with budget instructions from the Ministry of Strategy and Finance, which excluded bonuses from ordinary wages and which was determined with the consent of the relevant labor unions. Following the Supreme Court decision, the Korea Power Plant Industry Union and others filed lawsuits in an aggregate amount of Won 44.6 billion against our six generation subsidiaries, based on claims that ordinary wage was paid without including certain items that should have been included as ordinary wage. Our management currently believes that we are not presently obligated to make any payments in relation to this matter and we accordingly had not made any provision in relation thereto as of December 31, 2013 since it is unclear how the Supreme Court ruling should be applied and it is not possible to reasonably estimate the amount of potential loss since such amount will depend on the nature of the future agreement between management and relevant labor unions and/or the outcome of the foregoing or related lawsuits.
In addition, our generation subsidiaries, currently and from time to time, are involved in lawsuits incidental to the conduct of their business. A significant number of such lawsuits are based on the claim that the construction and operation of the electricity generation units owned by our generation subsidiaries have impaired neighboring fish farms. Our generation subsidiaries normally pay compensation to the members of fishery associations near our power plant complex for expected losses and damages arising from the construction and operation of their power plants in advance. Despite such compensation paid by us, a claim may still be filed against our generation subsidiaries challenging the compensation paid by us. We do not believe such claims or proceedings, individually or in the aggregate, have had or will have a material adverse effect on us and our generation subsidiaries. However, we cannot assure you that this will be the case in the future, given the possibility that we may become subject to more litigation and lawsuits arising from changes in the environmental laws and regulations applicable to us and our generation subsidiaries and people’s growing demand for more compensation.
Dividend Policy
For our dividend policy, see Item 10B. “Memorandum and Articles of Incorporation—Description of Capital Stock—Dividend Rights.” For a description of the tax consequences of dividends paid to our shareholders, see Item 10E. “Taxation—Korean Taxes—Shares or ADSs—Dividends on the Shares of Common Stock or ADSs” and Item 10E. “Taxation—U.S. Federal Income and Estate Tax Consideration for U.S. Persons—Tax Consequences with Respect to Common Stock and ADSs—Distributions on Common Stock or ADSs.”
Not Applicable
ITEM 9. | THE OFFER AND LISTING |
Item 9A. Offer and Listing Details
Notes
We have issued the following registered notes and debentures, which are traded principally in the over-the counterover-the-counter market:
7.40% Amortizing Debentures, due April 1, 2016 (the “7.40% Debentures”);
7.95% Zero-To-Full Debentures, due April 1, 2096 (the “7.95% Debentures”);
6% Debentures due December 1, 2026, (the “6% Debentures”);
7% Debentures due February 1, 2027 (the “7% Debentures”); and
6-3/4% Debentures due August 1, 2027 (the “6-3/4% Debentures,” and together with the 7-3/4% Debentures, the 7.40% Debentures, the 7.95% Debentures, the 6% Debentures and the 7% Debentures, the “Registered Debt Securities”).
Sales prices for the Registered Debt Securities are not regularly reported on any United States securities exchange or other United States securities quotation service.
Share Capital
The principal trading market for our common stock is the Korea Exchange. Our common stock is also listed on the New York Stock Exchange in the form of ADSs. The ADSs have been issued by JPMorgan Chase Bank as depositary and are listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “KEP.” One ADS represents one-half of one share of our common stock. As of December 31, 2012,February 17, 2014, the date we last closed our shareholders’ registry, 79,282,10063,954,834 ADSs representing 6.17%5.0% shares of our common stock were outstanding.
Common Stock
Shares of our common stock are listed on the KRX KOSPI Market of the Korea Exchange. The table below shows the high and low closing prices on the KRX KOSPI Market of the Korea Exchange for our common stock since 2008.2009.
Price | Price | |||||||||||||||
Period | High | Low | High | Low | ||||||||||||
(In Won) | (In Won) | |||||||||||||||
2008 | ||||||||||||||||
First Quarter | 39,500 | 28,200 | ||||||||||||||
Second Quarter | 34,150 | 30,200 | ||||||||||||||
Third Quarter | 42,300 | 37,500 | ||||||||||||||
Fourth Quarter | 32,950 | 21,000 | ||||||||||||||
2009 | ||||||||||||||||
First Quarter | 32,500 | 23,000 | 32,500 | 23,000 | ||||||||||||
Second Quarter | 30,600 | 25,700 | 30,600 | 25,700 | ||||||||||||
Third Quarter | 35,800 | 28,000 | 35,800 | 28,000 | ||||||||||||
Fourth Quarter | 35,700 | 31,550 | 35,700 | 31,550 | ||||||||||||
2010 | ||||||||||||||||
First Quarter | 41,600 | 33,800 | 41,600 | 33,800 | ||||||||||||
Second Quarter | 36,600 | 30,700 | 36,600 | 30,700 | ||||||||||||
Third Quarter | 33,600 | 28,800 | 33,600 | 28,800 | ||||||||||||
Fourth Quarter | 32,700 | 27,700 | 32,700 | 27,700 | ||||||||||||
2011 | ||||||||||||||||
First Quarter | 30,050 | 25,800 | ||||||||||||||
Second Quarter | 30,000 | 25,600 | ||||||||||||||
Third Quarter | 28,400 | 20,450 | ||||||||||||||
Fourth Quarter | 27,150 | 20,650 | ||||||||||||||
2012 | ||||||||||||||||
First Quarter | 27,900 | 22,250 | ||||||||||||||
Second Quarter | 25,850 | 21,450 | ||||||||||||||
Third Quarter | 27,900 | 23,750 | ||||||||||||||
Fourth Quarter | 30,450 | 26,200 | ||||||||||||||
2013 | ||||||||||||||||
First Quarter | 34,850 | 29,000 | ||||||||||||||
Second Quarter | 32,600 | 24,850 | ||||||||||||||
Third Quarter | 30,700 | 26,350 | ||||||||||||||
Fourth Quarter | 34,750 | 27,250 | ||||||||||||||
2014 | ||||||||||||||||
First Quarter (through April 11) | ||||||||||||||||
January | 36,400 | 33,400 | ||||||||||||||
February | 37,600 | 34,900 | ||||||||||||||
March | 37,800 | 36,250 | ||||||||||||||
April (through April 11) | 39,700 | 37,100 |
Period 2011 First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter 2012 First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter 2013 First Quarter (through April 5) January February March April (through April 5) Price High Low (In Won) 30,050 25,800 30,000 25,600 28,400 20,450 27,150 20,650 27,900 22,250 25,850 21,450 27,900 23,750 30,450 26,200 34,850 30,800 33,600 30,550 33,200 29,000 31,500 30,750
ADSs
The table below shows the high and low trading prices on the New York Stock Exchange for the outstanding ADSs since 2008.2009. Each ADS represents one-half of one share of our common stock.
Price | ||||||||
Period | High | Low | ||||||
(In US$) | ||||||||
2008 | ||||||||
First Quarter | 20.66 | 13.99 | ||||||
Second Quarter | 16.83 | 14.40 | ||||||
Third Quarter | 16.32 | 12.08 | ||||||
Fourth Quarter | 12.50 | 7.23 | ||||||
2009 | ||||||||
First Quarter | 12.38 | 6.90 | ||||||
Second Quarter | 12.37 | 9.34 | ||||||
Third Quarter | 15.24 | 10.99 | ||||||
Fourth Quarter | 15.25 | 13.52 | ||||||
2010 | ||||||||
First Quarter | 17.89 | 14.86 | ||||||
Second Quarter | 16.55 | 12.70 | ||||||
Third Quarter | 14.19 | 12.28 | ||||||
Fourth Quarter | 14.54 | 11.91 | ||||||
2011 | ||||||||
First Quarter | 13.48 | 11.39 | ||||||
Second Quarter | 13.74 | 11.86 | ||||||
Third Quarter | 13.35 | 8.50 | ||||||
Fourth Quarter | 11.55 | 8.25 | ||||||
2012 | ||||||||
First Quarter | 12.45 | 9.73 | ||||||
Second Quarter | 11.18 | 9.36 | ||||||
Third Quarter | 12.42 | 10.37 | ||||||
Fourth Quarter | 13.97 | 11.65 |
Price | Price | |||||||||||||||
Period | High | ��Low | High | Low | ||||||||||||
(In US$) | (In US$) | |||||||||||||||
2009 | ||||||||||||||||
First Quarter | 12.38 | 6.90 | ||||||||||||||
Second Quarter | 12.37 | 9.34 | ||||||||||||||
Third Quarter | 15.24 | 10.99 | ||||||||||||||
Fourth Quarter | 15.25 | 13.52 | ||||||||||||||
2010 | ||||||||||||||||
First Quarter | 17.89 | 14.86 | ||||||||||||||
Second Quarter | 16.55 | 12.70 | ||||||||||||||
Third Quarter | 14.19 | 12.28 | ||||||||||||||
Fourth Quarter | 14.54 | 11.91 | ||||||||||||||
2011 | ||||||||||||||||
First Quarter | 13.48 | 11.39 | ||||||||||||||
Second Quarter | 13.74 | 11.86 | ||||||||||||||
Third Quarter | 13.35 | 8.50 | ||||||||||||||
Fourth Quarter | 11.55 | 8.25 | ||||||||||||||
2012 | ||||||||||||||||
First Quarter | 12.45 | 9.73 | ||||||||||||||
Second Quarter | 11.18 | 9.36 | ||||||||||||||
Third Quarter | 12.42 | 10.37 | ||||||||||||||
Fourth Quarter | 13.97 | 11.65 | ||||||||||||||
2013 | ||||||||||||||||
First Quarter (through April 5) | ||||||||||||||||
First Quarter | 16.35 | 13.04 | ||||||||||||||
Second Quarter | 14.70 | 10.70 | ||||||||||||||
Third Quarter | 14.59 | 11.45 | ||||||||||||||
Fourth Quarter | 16.61 | 12.77 | ||||||||||||||
2014 | ||||||||||||||||
First Quarter (through April 11) | ||||||||||||||||
January | 16.35 | 14.34 | 17.30 | 15.51 | ||||||||||||
February | 15.35 | 14.14 | 17.63 | 16.08 | ||||||||||||
March | 15.19 | 13.04 | 17.75 | 16.81 | ||||||||||||
April (through April 5) | 13.86 | 13.51 | ||||||||||||||
April (through April 11) | 19.07 | 17.66 |
Not Applicable
The Korea Exchange
The Korea Exchange began its operations in 1956, originally under the name of the Korea Stock Exchange. On January 27, 2005, pursuant to the Korea Securities and Futures Exchange Act, the Korea Exchange was officially created through the consolidation of the Korea Stock Exchange, the Korea Futures Exchange, the KOSDAQ Stock Market, Inc., or KOSDAQ, and the KOSDAQ Committee within the Korea Securities Dealers Association, which was in charge of the management of the KOSDAQ. The KRX KOSPI Market of the Korea Exchange, formerly the Korea Stock Exchange, has a single trading floor located in Seoul. The Korea Exchange
is a limited liability company, the shares of which are held by (i) securities companies and futures companies that were the members of the Korea Stock Exchange or the Korea Futures Exchange and (ii) the shareholders of the KOSDAQ.
As of March 31, 20132014 the aggregate market value of equity securities listed on the KOSPI of the Korea Exchange was approximately Won 1,161,6641,182,488 billion. The average daily trading volume of equity securities for 2012the first quarter of 2014 was approximately 343238 million shares with an average transaction value of Won 3,8313,752 billion.
The Korea Exchange has the power in some circumstances to suspend trading of shares of a given company or to de-list a security. The Korea Exchange also restricts share price movements. All listed companies are required to file accounting reports annually, semi-annually and quarterly and to release immediately all information that may affect trading in a security.
The Government has in the past exerted, and continues to exert, substantial influence over many aspects of the private sector business community which can have the intention or effect of depressing or boosting the market. In the past, the Government has informally both encouraged and restricted the declaration and payment of dividends, induced mergers to reduce what it considers excess capacity in a particular industry and induced private companies to publicly offer their securities.
The Korea Exchange publishes the Korea Composite Stock Price Index, or KOSPI, every thirty seconds, which is an index of all equity securities listed on the KRX KOSPI Market of the Korea Exchange. On January 1, 1983, the method of computing KOSPI was changed from the Dow Jones method to the aggregate value method. In the new method, the market capitalizations of all listed companies are aggregated, subject to certain adjustments, and this aggregate is expressed as a percentage of the aggregate market capitalization of all listed companies as of the base date, January 4, 1980.
Movements in KOSPI in the past five years are set out in the following table:
Opening | High | Low | Closing | Opening | High | Low | Closing | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 1,853.5 | 1,888.9 | 938.8 | 1,124.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2009 | 1,157.4 | 1,718.9 | 1,018.8 | 1,682.8 | 1,157.4 | 1,718.9 | 1,018.8 | 1,682.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 1,696.1 | 2,043.5 | 1,552.8 | 2,043.5 | 1,696.1 | 2,043.5 | 1,552.8 | 2,043.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | 2,070.1 | 2,228.9 | 1,706.2 | 1,825.7 | 2,070.1 | 2,228.9 | 1,706.2 | 1,825.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 1,826.4 | 2,049.3 | 1,769.3 | 1,982.3 | 1,826.4 | 2,049.3 | 1,769.3 | 1,982.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2013 (through April 5) | 2,031.1 | 2,031.1 | 1,927.2 | 1,927.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2013 | 2,031.1 | 2,059.6 | 1,780.6 | 2,011.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2014 (through April 11) | 1,967.2 | 2,008.6 | 1,886.9 | 1,997.4 |
Source:The Korea Exchange
Shares are quoted “ex-dividend” on the first trading day of the relevant company’s accounting period; since the calendar year is the accounting period for the majority of listed companies, this may account for the drop in KOSPI between its closing level at the end of one calendar year and its opening level at the beginning of the following calendar year.
With certain exceptions, principally to take account of a share being quoted “ex-dividend” and “ex-rights,” upward and downward movements in share prices of any category of shares on any day are limited under the rules of the Korea Exchange to 15% of the previous day’s closing price of the shares, rounded down as set out below:
Previous Day’s Closing Price (Won) | Rounded Down to (Won) | |||
less than 5,000 | ₩ | 5 | ||
5,000 to less than 10,000 | 10 | |||
10,000 to less than 50,000 | 50 | |||
50,000 to less than 100,000 | 100 | |||
100,000 to less than 500,000 | 500 | |||
500,000 or more | 1,000 |
As a consequence, if a particular closing price is the same as the price set by the fluctuation limit, the closing price may not reflect the price at which persons would have been prepared, or would be prepared to continue, if so permitted, to buy and sell shares. Orders are executed on an auction system with priority rules to deal with competing bids and offers.
Due to deregulation of restrictions on brokerage commission rates, the brokerage commission rate on equity securities transactions may be determined by the parties, subject to commission schedules being filed with the Korea Exchange by the securities companies. In addition, a securities transaction tax will generally be imposed on the transfer of shares or certain securities representing rights to subscribe for shares. A special agricultural and fishery tax of 0.15% of the sales prices will also be imposed on transfer of these shares and securities on the Korea Exchange. See Item 10E. “Taxation—Korean Taxes.”
The number of companies listed on the KRX KOSPI Market of the Korea Exchange since 2008,2009, the corresponding total market capitalization at the end of the periods indicated and the average daily trading volume for those periods are set forth in the following table:
Year | Number of Listed Companies | Total Market Capitalization on the last day for each period | Average Daily Trading Volume, Value | Number of Listed Companies | Total Market Capitalization on the Last Day for Each Period | Average Daily Trading Volume, Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Millions of Won) | (Thousands of U.S. dollars)(1) | (Thousands of Shares) | (Millions of Won) | Thousands of U.S. dollars)(1) | (Millions of Won) | (Thousands of U.S. dollars)(1) | (Thousands of Shares) | (Millions of Won) | Thousands of U.S. dollars)(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 765 | 576,927,703 | 458,789,426 | 355,205 | 5,189,644 | 4,126,953 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2009 | 770 | 887,935,183 | 760,478,917 | 485,657 | 5,795,552 | 4,963,645 | 770 | 887,935,183 | 760,478,917 | 485,657 | 5,795,552 | 4,963,645 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 777 | 1,141,885,458 | 1,002,621,352 | 380,859 | 5,619,768 | 4,934,382 | 777 | 1,141,885,458 | 1,002,621,352 | 380,859 | 5,619,768 | 4,934,382 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | 791 | 1,041,999,162 | 903,493,594 | 353,759 | 6,883,146 | 5,950,877 | 791 | 1,041,999,162 | 903,493,594 | 353,759 | 6,883,146 | 5,968,218 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 784 | 1,154,294,166 | 1,077,672 | 486,480 | 4,823,643 | 4,503,448 | 784 | 1,154,294,166 | 1,077,671,708 | 486,480 | 4,823,643 | 4,503,448 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2013 (as of March 31) | 778 | 1,161,664,022 | 1,044,568 | 342,831 | 3,830,684 | 3,444,550 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2013 | 777 | 1,185,973,724 | 1,123,826,138 | 328,325 | 3,993,422 | 3,784,158 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2014 (through March 31) | 775 | 1,182,487,723 | 1,106,369,501 | 238,476 | 3,752,227 | 3,510,691 |
Source: The Korea Exchange
Note:
(1) | Converted at the Concentration Base Rate of |
The Korean securities markets are principally regulated by the Financial Services Commission and the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act. The law imposes restrictions on insider trading and price manipulation, requires specified information to be made available by listed companies to investors and establishes rules regarding margin trading, proxy solicitation, takeover bids, acquisition of treasury shares and reporting requirements for shareholders holding substantial interests. Beginning on February 4, 2009, the Korean securities markets became subject to the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act.
Protection of Customer’s Interest in Case of Insolvency of Financial Investment Companies with a Brokerage License
Under Korean law, the relationship between a customer and a financial investment company with a brokerage license in connection with a securities sell or buy order is deemed to be consignment, and the securities acquired by a consignment agent (i.e., the financial investment company with a brokerage license) through such sell or buy order are regarded as belonging to the customer insofar as the customer and the consignment agent’s creditors are concerned. Therefore, in the event of bankruptcy or reorganization procedures involving a financial investment company with a brokerage license, the customer of such financial investment company is entitled to the proceeds of the securities sold by such financial investment company.
When a customer places a sell order with a financial investment company with a brokerage license which is not a member of the Korea Exchange and this financial investment company places a sell order with another
financial investment company with a brokerage license which is a member of the Korea Exchange, the customer is still entitled to the proceeds of the securities sold received by the non-member company from the member company regardless of the bankruptcy or reorganization of the non-member company.
Likewise, when a customer places a buy order with a non-member company and the non-member company places a buy order with a member company, the customer has the legal right to the securities received by thenon-member company from the member company, because the purchased securities are regarded as belonging to the customer insofar as the customer and the non-member company’s creditors are concerned.
Under the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act, the Korea Exchange is obliged to indemnify any loss or damage incurred by a counterparty as a result of a breach by its members. If a financial
investment company with a brokerage license which is a member of the Korea Exchange breaches its obligation in connection with a buy order, the Korea Exchange is obliged to pay the purchase price on behalf of the breaching member.
As the cash deposited with a financial investment company with a brokerage license is regarded as belonging to such financial investment company, which is liable to return the same at the request of its customer, the customer cannot take back deposited cash from the financial investment company with a brokerage license if a bankruptcy or reorganization procedure is instituted against such financial investment company and, therefore, can suffer from loss or damage as a result. However, the Depositor Protection Act provides that Korean Deposit Insurance Corporation will, upon the request of the investors, pay investors up to Won 50 million per depositor per financial institution in case of the such financial investment company’s bankruptcy, liquidation, cancellation of securities business license or other insolvency events (collectively, the “Insolvency Events”). Pursuant to the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act, subject to certain exceptions, financial investment companies with a brokerage license are required to deposit the cash received from their customers with the Korea Securities Finance Corporation, a special entity established pursuant to the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act. Set-off or attachment of cash deposits by financial investment companies with a brokerage license is prohibited. The premiums related to this insurance under the Depositor Protection Act are paid by financial investment companies with a brokerage license.
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Item 9F. Expenses of the Issue
Not Applicable
ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Not Applicable
Item 10B. Memorandum and Articles of Incorporation
Set forth below is information relating to our capital stock, including brief summaries of material provisions of our Articles of Incorporation, the KEPCO Act, the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act, the
Korean Commercial Code and certain related laws of Korea, all currently in effect. The following summaries are qualified in their entirety by reference to our Articles of Incorporation and the applicable provisions of the KEPCO Act, Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act, the Korean Commercial Code, the Public Agencies Management Act and certain related laws of Korea. In April 2012November 2013 we most recently amended our Articles of Incorporation to reflect the amendments to the KEPCO Act, the Korean Commercial Code anda regulation promulgated under the Public Agencies Management Act.
Objects and Purposes
We are a statutory juridical corporation established under the KEPCO Act for the purpose of ensuring “stabilization of the supply and demand of electric power, and further contributing toward the sound development of the national economy through expediting development of electric power resources and carrying
out proper and effective operation of the electricity business.” The KEPCO Act and our Articles of Incorporation contemplate that we engage in the following activities:
1. | development of electric power resources; |
2. | generation, transmission, transformation and distribution of electricity and other related |
3. | research and development of technology |
4. | overseas |
5. | investments or contributions related to the businesses mentioned in items 1 through 4; |
6. | businesses incidental to items 1 through 5; |
7. |
a. | it is necessary to develop certain |
b. | it is necessary to develop certain real estate held by us to accommodate development of relevant real estate due to such real estate being incorporated into or being adjacent to an area under planned urban development; and |
8. | other |
Our registered name is “Hankook Chollryuk Kongsa” in Korean and “Korea Electric Power Corporation” in English. Our registration number in the commercial registry office is 114671-0001456.
Directors
Under the KEPCO Act and our Articles of Incorporation, our board of directors consists of our president, standing directors and non-standing directors. A majority of the board members constitutes a voting quorum, and resolutions will be passed by a majority of the board members. Directors who have an interest in certain agenda proposed to the board may not vote on such issues.
The standards of remuneration for our officers, including directors, shall be determined by a resolution of the board of directors, provided that the maximum amount of remuneration to be paid to our officers shall be determined by shareholder resolution and provided that the remuneration standards for the president and standing directors shall be determined by board resolution in accordance with the guideline thereon established by the minister of the Ministry of Strategy and Finance through review and resolution of our management committee. Directors who have an interest may not participate in the meeting of the board of directors for determining the remuneration for officers.
Neither the KEPCO Act nor our Articles of Incorporation have provisions relating to (i) borrowing powers exercisable by the directors and how such borrowing powers can be varied, (ii) retirement or non-retirement of directors under an age limit requirement, or (iii) the number of shares required for a director’s qualification.
Share Capital
Currently, our authorized share capital is 1,200,000,000 shares, which consists of shares of common stock and shares of non-voting preferred stock, par value Won 5,000 per share. Under our Articles of Incorporation, we are authorized to issue up to 150,000,000 non-voting preferred shares. As of December 31, 2012,February 17, 2014, the last day on
which the shareholder registry was closed for purposes of identifying shareholders of record, 641,964,077 common shares were issued and no non-voting preferred shares have been issued. As of December 31, 2012,2013, we held 18,929,995 shares of our common stock as treasury stock. All of the issued and outstanding common shares are fully-paid and non-assessable and are in registered form. Share certificates are issued in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, 1,000 and 10,000 shares.
Description of Capital Stock
Dividend Rights
Under the KEPCO Act, we are authorized to pay preferential dividends on our shares held by public shareholders as opposed to those held by the Government. Dividends to public shareholders are distributed in
proportion to the number of shares of the relevant class of capital stock owned by each public shareholder following approval by the shareholders at a general meeting of shareholders. Korea Finance Corporation may receive dividends in proportion to the numbers of our shares held by them. Under the Korean Commercial Code and our Articles of Incorporation, we will pay full annual dividends on newly issued shares.
Under our Articles of Incorporation, holders of non-voting preferred shares (of which there are currently none) are entitled to receive an amount not less than 8% of their par value as determined by a resolution of the board of directors at the time of their issuance. However, if the dividends on our common shares exceed the dividends on our non-voting preferred shares, the holders of non-voting preferred shares will be entitled to participate in the distribution of such excess amount with the holders of the common shares at an equal rate.
We declare our dividend annually at the annual general meeting of shareholders which is held within three months after the end of the fiscal year. The annual dividend is paid to the shareholders on record as of the end of the fiscal year preceding the annual shareholders’ meeting. Annual dividends may be distributed either in cash or in our shares. However, a dividend of shares must be distributed at par value, and dividends in shares may not exceed one-half of the annual dividend.
Under the Korean Commercial Code and our Articles of Incorporation, we do not have an obligation to pay any annual dividend unclaimed for five years from the payment date.
The KEPCO Act provides that we shall not pay an annual dividend unless we have made up any accumulated deficit and set aside as a legal reserve an amount equal to 20.0% or more of our net profit until our accumulated reserve reaches one-half of our stated capital.
Distribution of Free Shares
In addition to dividends in the form of shares to be paid out of retained or current earnings, the Korean Commercial Code permits us to distribute to our shareholders an amount transferred from our capital surplus or legal reserve to stated capital in the form of free shares.
Voting Rights
Holders of our common shares are entitled to one vote for each common share, except that voting rights with respect to any common shares held by us or by a corporate shareholder, more than one-tenth of whose outstanding capital stock is directly or indirectly owned by us, may not be exercised. Any person (with certain exceptions) who holds more than 3% of our issued and outstanding shares cannot exercise voting rights with respect to the shares in excess of this 3% limit. See “—Limitation on Shareholdings.” Pursuant to the Korean Commercial Code, cumulative voting is permissible in relation to the appointment of directors. Under the Korean Commercial Code, a cumulative vote can be requested by the shareholders of a corporation representing at least 1% of the total voting shares of such corporation if the relevant shareholders’ meeting is intended to elect more than two seats of the board of directors and the request for cumulative voting is made to the management of the
corporation in writing at least six weeks in advance of the shareholders’ meeting. Under this new voting method, each shareholder will have multiple voting rights corresponding to the number of directors to be appointed in such voting and may exercise all such voting rights to elect one director. Shareholders are entitled to vote cumulatively unless the Articles of Incorporation expressly prohibit cumulative voting. Our current Articles of Incorporation do not prohibit cumulative voting. Except as otherwise provided by law or our Articles of Incorporation, a resolution can be adopted at a general meeting of shareholders by affirmative majority vote of the voting shares of the shareholders present or represented at a meeting, which must also represent at least one-fourth of the voting shares then issued and outstanding. The holders of our non-voting preferred shares (other than enfranchised preferred shares (as described below)) are not entitled to vote on any resolution or to receive notice of any general meeting of shareholders unless the agenda of the meeting includes consideration of a resolution on which such holders are entitled to vote. If we are unable to pay any dividend to holders of non-
votingnon-voting preferred shares as provided in our Articles of Incorporation, the holders of non-voting preferred shares will become enfranchised and will be entitled to exercise voting rights until such dividends are paid. The holders of these “enfranchised preferred shares” have the same rights as holders of our common shares to request, receive notice of, attend and vote at a general meeting of shareholders. Pursuant to the KEPCO Act and our Articles of Incorporation, the appointment of standing directors, the president and standing statutory auditor are subject to shareholder approval.
Under the Korean Commercial Code, for the purpose of electing our statutory auditor, a shareholder (together with certain related persons) holding more than 3% of the total shares having voting rights may not exercise voting rights with respect to shares in excess of such 3% limit.
The Korean Commercial Code provides that the approval by holders of at least two-thirds of those shares having voting rights present or represented at a meeting, where such shares also represent at least one-third of the total issued and outstanding shares having voting rights, is required in order to, among other things:
amend our Articles of Incorporation;
remove a director or statutory auditor;
effect any dissolution, merger, consolidation or spin-off of us;
transfer the whole or any significant part of our business;
effect the acquisition by us of all of the business of any other company;
effect the acquisition by us of the business of another company that may have a material effect on our business;
reduce capital; or
issue any new shares at a price lower than their par value.
Under our Articles of Incorporation, an approval by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy is required in order to amend the Articles of Incorporation. Any change to our authorized share capital requires an amendment to our Articles of Incorporation.
In addition, in the case of amendments to our Articles of Incorporation or any merger or consolidation of us or in certain other cases which affect the rights or interests of the non-voting preferred shares a resolution must be adopted by a meeting of the holders of non-voting preferred shares approving such event. This resolution may be adopted if approval is obtained from holders of at least two-thirds of those non-voting preferred shares present or represented at such meeting and such non-voting preferred shares also represent at least one-third of our total issued and outstanding non-voting preferred shares.
A shareholder may exercise his voting rights by proxy. The proxy shall present the power of attorney prior to the start of the general meeting of shareholders. Under the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act and our Articles of Incorporation, no one other than us may solicit a proxy from shareholders.
Subject to the provisions of the deposit agreement, holders of our American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”) are entitled to instruct the depositary, whose agent is the record holder of the underlying common shares, how to exercise voting rights relating to those underlying common shares.
Preemptive Rights and Issuance of Additional Shares
Authorized but unissued shares may be issued at such times and, unless otherwise provided in the Korean Commercial Code, upon such terms as our board of directors may determine. The new shares must be offered on uniform terms to all our shareholders who have preemptive rights and who are listed on the shareholders’ register as of the record date. Subject to the limitations described under “—Limitation on Shareholdings” below and with
certain other exceptions, all our shareholders are entitled to subscribe for any newly issued shares in proportion to their existing shareholdings. Under the Korean Commercial Code, we may vary, without shareholder approval, the terms of such preemptive rights for different classes of shares. Public notice of the preemptive rights to new shares and their transferability must be given not less than two weeks (excluding the period during which the shareholders’ register is closed) prior to the record date. Our board of directors may determine how to distribute shares for which preemptive rights have not been exercised or where fractions of shares occur.
Our Articles of Incorporation provide that new shares that are (1) publicly offered pursuant to the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act, (2) issued to members of our employee stock ownership association, (3) represented by depositary receipts, (4) issued through offering to public investors, or (5) issued to investors in kind under the State Property Act may be issued pursuant to a resolution of the board of directors to persons other than existing shareholders, who in such circumstances will not have preemptive rights.
Under our Articles of Incorporation, we may issue convertible bonds or bonds with warrants each up to an aggregate principal amount of Won 2,000 billion and Won 1,000 billion, respectively, to persons other than existing shareholders. However, the aggregate principal amount of convertible bonds and bonds with warrants so issued to persons other than existing shareholders may not exceed Won 2,000 billion.
Under the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act and our Articles of Incorporation, members of our employee stock ownership association, whether or not they are our shareholders, have a preemptive right, subject to certain exceptions, to subscribe for up to 20.0% of any shares publicly offered pursuant to the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act. This right is exercisable only to the extent that the total number of shares so acquired and held by members of our employee stock ownership association does not exceed 20.0% of the total number of shares then outstanding.
Liquidation Rights
In the event of our liquidation, the assets remaining after payment of all debts, liquidation expenses and taxes will be distributed among shareholders in proportion to the number of shares held. Holders of our non-voting preferred shares have no preference in liquidation.
Rights of Dissenting Shareholders
In certain limited circumstances (including, without limitation, the transfer of the whole or any significant part of our business or the merger, or consolidation upon a split-off of us with another company), dissenting holders of shares have the right to require us to purchase their shares. To exercise such right, shareholders must submit a written notice of their intention to dissent to us prior to the general meeting of shareholders or the class meeting of holders of non-voting preferred shares, as the case may be. Within 20 days after the date on which the relevant resolution is passed at such meeting, such dissenting shareholders must request us in writing to purchase their shares. We are obligated to purchase the shares of dissenting shareholders within one month after the expiration of such 20-day period. The purchase price for such shares must be determined through negotiation
between the dissenting shareholders and us. Under the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act, if we cannot agree on a price through negotiation, the purchase price will be the average of (1) the weighted average of the daily share price on the Korea Exchange for a two-month period before the date of adoption of the relevant board resolution, (2) the weighted average of the daily share price on the Korea Exchange for the one month period before such date and (3) the weighted average of the daily share price on the Korea Exchange for the one week period before such date. However, if we or dissenting shareholders who requested us to purchase their shares oppose such purchase price, the determination of a purchase price may be filed with a court. Holders of ADSs will not be able to exercise dissenter’s rights unless they have withdrawn the underlying Common Stock and become our direct shareholders.
Transfer of Shares
Under the Korean Commercial Code, the transfer of shares is effected by delivery of share certificates, but in order to assert shareholders’ rights against us, the transferee must have his name and address registered on our register of shareholders. For this purpose, shareholders are required to file one’s name, address and seal with our transfer agent. Under our Articles of Incorporation, non-resident shareholders must appoint an agent authorized to receive notices on their behalf in Korea and file a mailing address in Korea. These requirements do not apply to the holders of ADSs. Under current Korean regulations, the Korea Securities Depository, foreign exchange banks (including domestic branches of foreign banks), financial investment companies with a dealing, brokerage or collective investment license and internationally recognized foreign custodians are authorized to act as agents and provide related services for foreign shareholders. Our transfer agent is the Kookmin Bank, located at 9-1, Namdaemun-ro, 2-ga, Chung-ku, Seoul, Korea. Certain foreign exchange controls and securities regulations apply to the transfer of our shares by non-residents of Korea or non-Koreans. See Item 9. “The Offer and Listing.”
Acquisition of Our Own Shares
We generally may not acquire our own shares except in certain limited circumstances, including, without limitation, a reduction in capital. Under the Korean Commercial Code, except in case of a reduction in capital, any of our shares acquired by us must be sold or otherwise transferred to a third party within a reasonable time. In general, our 50.0% or more owned-subsidiaries are not permitted to acquire our shares.
In addition, we may acquire our shares through purchase on the Korea Exchange or through a tender-offer. We may also acquire interests in our own shares through trust agreements with financial investment companies with a trust license. The aggregate purchase price for our shares may not exceed the total amount available offor dividends at the end of the preceding fiscal year, less the amount of dividends and mandatory reserves required to be set aside for that fiscal year, subject to certain procedural requirements.
General Meeting of Shareholders
The ordinary general meeting of our shareholders is held within three months after the end of each fiscal year, and subject to board resolution or court approval, an extraordinary general meeting of our shareholders may be held as necessary or at the request of shareholders holding an aggregate of 1.5% or more of our outstanding common shares for at least six consecutive months. Under the Korean Commercial Code, an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders may be convened at the request of our audit committee, subject to a board resolution or court approval. Holders of non-voting preferred shares may only request a general meeting of shareholders once the non-voting preferred shares have become enfranchised as described under “—Description of Capital Stock—Voting Rights” above. Written notices setting forth the date, place and agenda of the meeting must be given to shareholders at least two weeks prior to the date of the general meeting of shareholders. However, pursuant to the Korean Commercial Code and our Articles of Incorporation, with respect to holders of less than 1% of the total number of our issued and outstanding shares which are entitled to vote, notice may be given by placing at least two public notices at least two weeks in advance of the meeting in at least two daily
newspapers published in Seoul or by placing a public notice in the electrical disclosure system of the Financial Supervisory Service or the Korea Exchange, at least two weeks in advance of the meeting. Currently, for giving such notice, we use two daily newspapers published in Seoul as well as an electronic disclosure system available for access at a website maintained by the FSS (known as the Data Analysis, Retrieval and Transfer System, or DART). Shareholders not on the shareholders’ register as of the record date are not entitled to receive notice of the general meeting of shareholders or attend or vote at such meeting. Holders of the enfranchised preferred shares on the shareholders’ register as of the record date are entitled to receive notice of, and to attend and vote at, the general meetings. Otherwise, holders of non-voting preferred shares are not entitled to receive notice of general meetings of shareholders or vote at such meetings but may attend such meetings.
The general meeting of shareholders is held in Seoul.
Register of Shareholders and Record Dates
Our transfer agent, Kookmin Bank, maintains the register of our shareholders at its office in Seoul, Korea. It registers transfers of our shares on the register of shareholders upon presentation of the share certificates.
The record date for annual dividends is December 31. For the purpose of determining the holders of shares entitled to annual dividends, the register of shareholders may be closed from January 1 to January 31 of each year. Further, the Korean Commercial Code and our Articles of Incorporation permit us at least two weeks’ public notice to set a record date and/or close the register of shareholders for not more than three months for the purpose of determining the shareholders entitled to certain rights pertaining to our shares. The trading of our shares and the delivery of certificates in respect of them may continue while the register of shareholders is closed.
Annual Report
At least one week prior to the annual general meeting of shareholders, our annual report and audited consolidated financial statements must be made available for inspection at our principal office and at all branch offices. Copies of annual reports, the audited non-consolidated financial statements and any resolutions adopted at the general meeting of shareholders will be available to our shareholders.
Under the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act, we must file with the Financial Services Commission and the Korea Exchange an annual report within 90 days after the end of our fiscal year, a half-year report within 45 days after the end of the first six months of our fiscal year and quarterly reports within 45 days after the end of the first three months and nine months of our fiscal year. However, due toFollowing our adoption of IFRS starting in January 1, 2011 pursuant to regulatory requirements for listed companies in Korea, we are required to file half-year and quarterly reports containing interim financial statements and notes thereto on a consolidated basis in addition to non-consolidatedas well as on a separate basis. The filing deadline for such reports will be temporarily extended to 60 days for fiscal years 2011 and 2012. Therefore, we are required to file our half-year report within 60 days after the end of the first six months of 2011 and 2012 and our quarterly reports within 60 days after the end of the first three months and nine months of 2011 and 2012.
Limitation on Shareholdings
No person other than the Government, our employee stock ownership association and persons who obtain an approval from the Financial Services Commission may hold for its account more than 3% of our total issued and outstanding shares. In calculating shareholdings for this purpose, shares held by your spouse and your certain relatives or by your certain affiliates (such spouses, relatives and affiliates are together referred to as “Affiliated Holders”) are deemed to be held by you. If you hold our shares in violation of this 3% limit, you are not entitled to exercise the voting rights or preemptive rights of our shares in excess of such 3% limit and the Financial Services Commission may order you to take necessary corrective action. In addition, the KEPCO Act currently requires that the Government, directly or through Korea Finance Corporation, own not less than 51% of our capital. For other restrictions on shareholdings, see Item 9. “The Offer and Listing.”
Change of Control
The KEPCO Act requires that the Government, directly or pursuant to the Korea Finance Corporation Act, through Korea Finance Corporation, own not less than 51.0%51% of our capital.
Disclosure of Share Ownership
Under the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act, any person whose direct or beneficial ownership of a listed company’s shares with voting rights, equity-related debt securities including convertible bonds, bonds with warrants, exchangeable bonds, certificates representing the rights to subscribe for common
shares, derivatives-linked securities and depository receipts of the aforementioned securities (collectively referred to as “Equity Securities”), together with the Equity Securities directly or beneficially owned by certain related persons or by any person acting in concert with the person, accounts for 5% or more of our total outstanding Equity Securities is required to report the status and purpose (in terms of whether the purpose of shareholding is to participate in the management of the issuer) of the holdings and the material contents of the agreements relating to the Equity Securities and other matters prescribed by the Presidential Decree under the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act to the Financial Services Commission of Korea and the Korea Exchange within five business days after reaching the 5% ownership interest threshold.
In addition, any change (i) in the purpose of the shareholding or in the ownership, (ii) the major terms and conditions of agreements relating to Equity Securities owned (such as trust agreements and collateral agreements) to the extent the number of relevant Equity Securities is 1% or more of the total outstanding Equity Securities, or (iii) the type of ownership (direct ownership or holding) to the extent the number of relevant Equity Securities is 1% or more of the total outstanding Equity Securities, must be reported to the Financial Services Commission of Korea and the Korea Exchange within five business days from the date of such change (or by the 10thtenth day of the month following the month in which the change occurs, in the case of a person with no intent to seek management control). Notwithstanding the foregoing, certain professional investors designated by the Financial Services Commission may report such matters to the Financial Services Commission and the Korea Exchange by the tenth day of the month immediately following the end of the quarter in which such 5.0% ownership interest is reached or the change occurs.
When filing a report to the Financial Services Commission and the Korea Exchange in accordance with the reporting requirements described above, a copy of such report must be sent to the relevant listed company. Violation of these reporting requirements may subject a person to sanctions such as prohibition on the exercise of voting rights with respect to the Equity Securities for which the reporting requirement was violated or fines or imprisonment. Furthermore, the Financial Services Commission may order the disposal of the Equity Securities for which the reporting requirement was violated.violated or may impose administrative fine.
A person reporting to the Financial Services Commission and the Korea Exchange that his purpose of holding the Equity Securities is to participate in the management of the listed company is prohibited from acquiring additional Equity Securities of the listed company and exercising voting rights during the period commencing from the date on which the event triggering the reporting requirements occurs to the fifth day from the date on which the report is made.
Not applicable.
General
The Foreign Exchange Transaction Act and the Presidential Decree and regulations under that Act and Decree, or collectively the Foreign Exchange Transaction Laws, regulate investment in Korean securities by non-residents and issuance of securities outside Korea by Korean companies. Non-residents may invest in Korean
securities pursuant to the Foreign Exchange Transaction Laws. The Financial Services Commission has also adopted, pursuant to its authority under the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act, regulations that regulate investment by foreigners in Korean securities and issuance of securities outside Korea by Korean companies.
Subject to certain limitations, the Ministry of Strategy and Finance has the authority to take the following actions under the Foreign Exchange Transaction Laws: (i) if the Government deems it necessary on account of
war, armed conflict, natural disaster or grave, sudden and significant changes in domestic or foreign economic circumstances or similar events or circumstances, the Ministry of Strategy and Finance may temporarily suspend performance under any or all foreign exchange transactions, in whole or in part, to which the Foreign Exchange Transaction Laws apply (including suspension of payment and receipt of foreign exchange) or impose an obligation to deposit, safe-keep or sell any instruments of payment to the Bank of Korea or certain other governmental agencies or financial institutions, and (ii) if the Government concludes that the international balance of payments and international financial markets are experiencing or are likely to experience significant disruption or that the movement of capital between Korea and other countries are likely to adversely affect the Korean Won, exchange rates or other macroeconomic policies, the Ministry of Strategy and Finance may take action to require any person who intends to effect or effects a capital transaction to deposit all or a portion of the instruments of payment acquired in such transactions with the Bank of Korea or certain other governmental agencies or financial institutions.
Government Review of Issuances of Debt Securities and ADSs and Report for Payments
In order for us to issue debt securities of any series outside of the Republic, we are required to file a report with our designated foreign exchange bank or the Ministry of Strategy and Finance on the issuance of such debt securities, depending on the issuance amount. The Ministry of Strategy and Finance may at its discretion direct us to take measures as necessary to avoid undue exchange rate fluctuations before it accepts such report. Furthermore, in order for us to make payments of principal of or interest on the debt securities of any series and other amounts as provided in an indenture and such debt securities, we are required to present relevant documents to the designated foreign exchange bank at the time of each actual payment. The purpose of such presentation is to ensure that the actual remittance is consistent with the terms of the transaction reported to our designated foreign exchange bank or the Ministry of Strategy and Finance.
In order for us to offer for purchase shares of our common stock held in treasury in the form of ADSs or issue shares of our common stock represented by the ADSs, we are required to file a prior report of such offer or issuance with our designated foreign exchange bank or the Ministry of Strategy and Finance, depending on the offering amount. The Ministry of Strategy and Finance may at its discretion direct us to take measures as necessary to avoid undue exchange rate fluctuations before it accepts such report. No further Governmental approval is necessary for the initial offering and issuance of the ADSs.
In order for a depositary to acquire any existing shares of our common stock from holders of these shares of common stock (other than from us) for the purpose of issuance of depositary receipts representing these shares of common stock, the depositary would be required to obtain our consent for the number of shares to be deposited in any given proposed deposit which exceeds the difference between (1) the aggregate number of shares deposited by us or with our consent for the issuance of ADSs (including deposits in connection with the initial and all subsequent offerings of ADSs and stock dividends or other distributions related to these ADSs) and (2) the number of shares on deposit with the depositary at the time of such proposed deposit. We may not grant this consent for the deposit of shares of our common stock in the future, if our consent is required. Therefore, a holder of ADSs who surrenders ADSs and withdraws shares of our common stock may not be permitted subsequently to deposit such shares and obtain ADSs.
In addition, we are also required to notify the Ministry of Strategy and Finance upon receipt of the full proceeds from the offering of ADSs. No additional Governmental approval is necessary for the offering and issuance of ADSs.
Reporting Requirements for Holders of Substantial Interests
Under the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act, any person whose direct beneficial ownership of a listed company’s Equity Securities, together with the Equity Securities beneficially owned by certain related persons or by any person acting in concert with such person, accounts for 5% or more of our total
outstanding Equity Securities is required to report the status and purpose (namely, whether the purposes of the share ownership is to participate in the management of the issuer) of the holdings and the material contents of the agreements relating to the Equity Securities and other matters prescribed by the Presidential Decree under the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act to the Financial Services Commission and the Korea Exchange within five business days after reaching the 5% ownership interest and any change in ownership interest subsequent to the report which equals or exceeds 1.0% of the total outstanding Equity Securities is required to be reported to the Financial Services Commission and the Korea Exchange within five business days from the date of the change.
In addition, any change (i) in the purpose of the shareholding or in the ownership, (ii) the major terms and conditions of agreements relating to Equity Securities owned (such as trust agreements and collateral agreements) to the extent the number of relevant Equity Securities is 1% or more of the total outstanding Equity Securities, or (iii) the type of ownership (direct ownership or holding) to the extent the number of relevant Equity Securities is 1% or more of the total outstanding Equity Securities, must be reported to the Financial Services Commission of Korea and the Korea Exchange within five business days from the date of such change (or by the 10thtenth day of the month following the month in which the change occurs, in the case of a person with no intent to seek management control). Notwithstanding the foregoing, certain professional investors designated by the Financial Services Commission may report such matters to the Financial Services Commission and the Korea Exchange by the tenth day of the month immediately following the end of the quarter in which such 5.0% ownership interest is reached or the change occurs.
When filing a report to the Financial Services Commission and the Korea Exchange in accordance with the reporting requirements described above, a copy of such report must be sent to the relevant listed company. Violation of these reporting requirements may subject a person to sanctions such as prohibition on the exercise of voting rights with respect to the Equity Securities for which the reporting requirement was violated or fines or imprisonment. Furthermore, the Financial Services Commission may order the disposal of the Equity Securities for which the reporting requirement was violated.violated or may impose administrative fine.
A person reporting to the Financial Services Commission and the Korea Exchange that his purpose of holding the Equity Securities is to participate in the management of the listed company is prohibited from acquiring additional Equity Securities of the listed company and exercising voting rights during the period commencing from the date on which the event triggering the reporting requirements occurs to the fifth day from the date on which the report is made.
In addition to the reporting requirements described above, any person whose direct or beneficial ownership of our voting stock and/or depository receipts for our voting stock accounts for 10.0% or more of the total issued and outstanding voting stock, whom we refer to as a major shareholder, must file a report to the Securities and Futures Commission and to the Korea Exchange within five business days after the date on which the person reached such shareholding limit. In addition, such person must file a report to the Securities and Futures Commission and to the Korea Exchange regarding any subsequent change in his/her shareholding. Such report on subsequent change in shareholding must be filed within five business days of the occurrence of any such change. Violation of these reporting requirements may subject a person to criminal sanctions such as fines and imprisonment.
Restrictions Applicable to ADSs
No Governmental approval is necessary for the sale and purchase of ADSs in the secondary market outside Korea or for the withdrawal of shares of our common stock underlying ADSs and the delivery inside Korea of
the withdrawn shares. However, a foreigner who intends to acquire shares must obtain an Investment Registration Card from the Financial Supervisory Service as described below. The acquisition of shares by a foreigner must be reported by the foreigner or his standing proxy in Korea immediately to the Governor of the Financial Supervisory Service.
Special Reporting Requirement for Companies Whose Securities Are Listed on Foreign Exchanges
Under the regulations of the Financial Services Commission amended on December 24, 2009, (i) if a company listed on the Korea Exchange has submitted a public disclosure of material matters to a foreign financial investment supervisory authority pursuant to the laws of the foreign jurisdiction, then it must submit a copy of the public disclosure and a Korean translation thereof to the Financial Services Commission of Korea and the Korea Exchange, and (ii) if a company listed on the Korea Exchange is approved for listing on a foreign stock market or determined to be de-listed from the foreign stock market or actually listed on, or de-listed from, a foreign stock market, then it must submit a copy of any document, which it submitted to or received from the relevant foreign government, foreign financial investment supervisory authority or the foreign stock market, and a Korean translation thereof to the Financial Services Commission of Korea and the Korea Exchange.
Persons who have acquired shares of our common stock as a result of the withdrawal of shares of common stock underlying ADSs may exercise their preemptive rights for new shares, participate in free distributions and receive dividends on shares of our common stock without any further governmental approval.
Restrictions Applicable to Common Stock
Under the Foreign Exchange Transaction Laws and the Regulations on Financial Investment Business (together, the “Investment Rules”), foreigners are permitted to invest, subject to certain exceptions and procedural requirements, in all shares of Korean companies unless prohibited by specific laws. Foreign investors may trade shares listed on the Korea Exchange only through the Korea Exchange except for certain limited circumstances. These circumstances include, among others, (1) odd-lot trading of shares, (2) acquisition of shares by a foreign company as a result of a merger, (3) acquisition or disposal of shares in connection with a tender offer, (4) acquisition of shares by exercise of warrant, conversion right under convertible bonds, exchange right under exchangeable bonds or withdrawal right under depositary receipts issued outside of Korea by a Korean company, such shares being “Converted Shares,” (5) acquisition of shares through exercise of rights under securities issued outside of Korea, (6) acquisition of shares as a result of inheritance, donation, bequest or exercise of shareholders’ rights (including preemptive rights or rights to participate in free distributions and receive dividends), (7) over-the-counter transactions between foreigners of a class of shares for which a ceiling on aggregate acquisition by foreigners (as explained below) exists and has been reached or exceeded, (8) acquisition of shares by direct investment under the Foreign Investment Promotion Law, (9) acquisition and disposal of shares on an overseas stock exchange market, if such shares are simultaneously listed on the KRX KOSPI Market or the KRX KOSDAQ Market of the Korea Exchange and such overseas stock exchange, and (10) arm’s length transactions between foreigners in the event all such foreigners belong to an investment group managed by the same person. For over-the-counter transactions of shares listed on the Korea Exchange outside the Korea Exchange between foreigners of a class of shares for which a ceiling on aggregate acquisition by foreigners exists and has been reached or exceeded, a financial investment company with a brokerage license in Korea must act as an intermediary. Odd-lot trading of shares listed on the Korea Exchange outside the Korea Exchange must involve a financial investment company with a dealing license in Korea as the other party. Foreign investors are prohibited from engaging in margin transactions with respect to shares subject to a ceiling on acquisition by foreigners.
The Investment Rules require a foreign investor who wishes to invest in or dispose of shares on the Korea Exchange (including Converted Shares) to register his/her identity with the Financial Supervisory Service prior to making any such investment or disposal unless he/she had previously registered. However, such registration requirement does not apply to foreign investors who acquire Converted Shares with the intention of selling them
within three months from the date they were acquired. Upon registration, the Financial Supervisory Service will issue to the foreign investor an Investment Registration Card which must be presented each time the foreign investor opens a brokerage account with a financial investment company or financial institution in Korea. Foreigners eligible to obtain an Investment Registration Card include any foreign nationals who are individuals (with residence abroad for six months or more), foreign governments, foreign municipal authorities, foreign
public institutions, international financial institutions or similar international organizations, corporations incorporated under foreign laws and any person in any additional category designated by the Decree of the Financial Services and Capital Markets Act. All Korean branches of a foreign corporation as a group are treated as a separate foreigner from the head office of the foreign corporation. However, a foreign branch of a Korean securities company, a foreign corporation or a depositary issuing depositary receipts may obtain one or more Investment Registration Cards in its name in certain circumstances as described in the relevant regulations.
Upon a foreign investor’s purchase of shares through the Korea Exchange, no separate report by the investor is required because the Investment Registration Card system is designed to control and oversee foreign investment through a computer system. However, a foreign investor’s acquisition or sale of shares outside the Korea Exchange (as discussed above) must be reported by the foreign investor or his standing proxy to the Governor of the Financial Supervisory Service at the time of each acquisition or sale. However, a foreign investor must ensure that any acquisition or sale by it of shares outside the Korea Exchange in the case of trades in connection with a tender offer, odd-lot trading of shares or trades of a class of shares for which the aggregate foreign ownership limit has been reached or exceeded, is reported to the Governor of the Financial Supervisory Service by the Korea Securities Depository, financial investment companies with a dealing or brokerage license or securities finance companies engaged to facilitate such transactions. In the event a foreign investor desires to acquire or sell shares outside the Korea Exchange and the circumstances in connection with such sale or acquisition do not fall within the exceptions made for certain limited circumstances described above, then the foreign investor must obtain the prior approval of the Governor. In addition, in the event a foreign investor acquires or sells shares outside the Korea Exchange, a prior report to the Bank of Korea may also be required in certain circumstances. A foreign investor may appoint one or more standing proxies from among the Korea Securities Depository, foreign exchange banks (including domestic branches of foreign banks), financial investment companies with a dealing, brokerage or collective investment license and certain eligible foreign custodians which will exercise shareholders’ rights or perform any matters related to the foregoing activities if the foreign investor does not perform these activities himself. However, a foreign investor may be exempted from complying with these standing proxy rules with the approval of the Governor of the Financial Supervisory Service in cases deemed inevitable by reason of conflict between the laws of Korea and those of the home country of the foreign investor.
Certificates evidencing shares of Korean companies must be kept in custody with an eligible custodian in Korea, the Korea Securities Depository, foreign exchange banks (including domestic branches of foreign banks), financial investment companies with a dealing, brokerage or collective investment license and certain eligible foreign custodians are eligible to be a custodian of shares for a non-resident or foreign investor. A foreign investor must ensure that his custodian deposits his shares with the Korea Securities Depository. Generally, a foreign investor may not permit any person, other than his/her standing proxy, to exercise rights relating to his shares or perform any tasks related thereto on his behalf. However, a foreign investor may be exempted from complying with this deposit requirement with the approval of the Governor of the Financial Supervisory Service in circumstances where compliance is made impracticable, including cases where such compliance would contravene the laws of the home country of the foreign investor.
Under the Investment Rules, with certain exceptions, a foreign investor may acquire shares of a Korean company without being subject to any single or aggregate foreign investment ceiling. However, certain designated public corporations are subject to a 40.0% ceiling on acquisitions of shares by foreigners in the aggregate and a ceiling on acquisitions of shares by a single foreign investor provided in the Articles of Incorporation of such corporations. Of the Korean companies listed on the Korea Exchange, we are so designated. The Financial Services Commission may increase or decrease these percentages ifimpose other restrictions as it deems it necessary for the public interest,
protection of investors or industrial policy.and the stabilization of the Korean securities and derivatives market. Generally, the ownership of Converted Shares constitutes foreign ownership for purposes of such aggregate foreign ownership limit. However, the acquisition of Converted Shares is one of the exceptions under which foreign investors may acquire shares of designated corporations in excess of the 40.0% ceiling.
In addition to the aggregate foreign investment ceiling set by the Financial Services Commission under authority of the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act, our Articles of Incorporation set a 3% ceiling on acquisition by a single investor (whether domestic or foreign) of the shares of our common stock. Any person (with certain exceptions) who holds more than 3% of our issued and outstanding shares cannot exercise voting rights with respect to our shares in excess of this 3% limit.
The ceiling on aggregate investment by foreigners applicable to us may be exceeded in certain limited circumstances, including as a result of acquisition of:
shares by a depositary issuing depositary receipts representing such shares (whether newly issued shares or outstanding shares);
Converted Shares;
shares from the exercise of shareholders’ rights; or
shares by gift, inheritance or bequest.
A foreigner who has acquired shares in excess of any ceiling described above may not exercise his voting rights with respect to the shares exceeding such limit and the Financial Services Commission may take necessary corrective action against him.
Under the Foreign Exchange Transaction Laws, a foreign investor who intends to acquire shares must designate a foreign exchange bank at which he must open a foreign currency account and a Won account exclusively for stock investments. No approval is required for remittance into Korea and deposit of foreign currency funds in the foreign currency account. Foreign currency funds may be transferred from the foreign currency account at the time required to place a deposit for, or settle the purchase price of, a stock purchase transaction to a Won account opened at a securities company. Funds in the foreign currency account may be remitted abroad without any governmental approval.
Dividends on shares of our common stock are paid in Won. No governmental approval is required for foreign investors to receive dividends on, or the Won proceeds of the sale of, any shares to be paid, received and retained in Korea. Dividends paid on, and the Won proceeds of the sale of, any shares held by a non-resident of Korea must be deposited either in a Won account with the investor’s securities company or the investor’s Won account. Funds in the investor’s Won account may be transferred to his foreign currency account or withdrawn for local living expenses, provided that any withdrawal of local living expenses in excess of a certain amount is reported to the tax authorities by the foreign exchange bank at which Won account is maintained. Funds in the investor’s Won account may also be used for future investment in shares or for payment of the subscription price of new shares obtained through the exercise of preemptive rights.
Financial investment companies with a securities dealing, brokerage or collective investment license are allowed to open foreign currency accounts with foreign exchange banks exclusively for accommodating foreign investors’ stock investments in Korea. Through these accounts, these securities companies and asset management companies may enter into foreign exchange transactions on a limited basis, such as conversion of foreign currency funds and Won funds, either as a counterparty to or on behalf of foreign investors without the foreign investors having to open their own accounts with foreign exchange banks.
Korean Taxes
The following summary describes the material Korean tax consequences of ownership of the Registered Debt Securities and ADSs. Persons considering the purchase of the Registered Debt Securities or ADSs should consult their own tax advisors with regard to the application of the Korean income tax laws to their particular situations as well as any tax consequences arising under the laws of any other taxing jurisdiction. Reference is
also made to a tax treaty between the Republic and the United States entitled “Convention Between the Government of Thethe Republic of Korea and the Government of the United States of America for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with respectRespect to Taxes on Income and the Encouragement of International Trade and Investment,” signed on June 4, 1976 and entered into force on October 20, 1979.
The following summary of Korean tax considerations applies to you so long as you are not:
a resident of Korea;
a corporation having its head office, principal place of business or place of effective management in Korea; or
engaged in a trade or business in Korea through a permanent establishment or a fixed base to which the relevant income is attributable or with which the relevant income is effectively connected.
Registered Debt Securities
Taxation of Interest
Pursuant to the Special Tax Treatment Control Law (“STTCL”), when we make payments of interest to you on the Registered Debt Securities, no amount will be withheld from such payments for, or on account of, any income taxes of any kind imposed, levied, withheld or assessed by Korea or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein, provided that Registered Debt Securities are deemed to be foreign currency denominatedcurrency-denominated bonds issued outside of Korea for the purpose of the STTCL.
If the tax exemption under the STTCL referred to above were to cease to be in effect, the rate of income tax or corporation tax applicable to the interest on the Registered Debt Securities would be 14% of income for a non-resident without a permanent establishment in Korea. In addition, a tax surcharge called a local income surtax would be imposed at the rate of 10.0% of the income tax or corporation tax (which would increase the total tax rate to 15.4%), unless reduction is available under an applicable income tax treaty. If you are a qualified resident in a country that has entered into a tax treaty with Korea, you may qualify for an exemption or a reduced rate of Korean withholding tax. See the discussion under “—Shares or ADSs—Tax Treaties” below for an additional explanation on treaty benefits.
In order to obtain the benefits of an exemption or a reduced withholding tax rate under a tax treaty, you must submit to us, prior to the interest payment date, such evidence of tax residence as may be required by the Korean tax authorities in order to establish your entitlement to the benefits of the applicable tax treaty.
Furthermore, the Korean tax laws require the beneficial owner to submit an application for entitlement to a preferential tax rate together with evidence of tax residence (including a certificate of tax residence of the beneficial owner issued by a competent authority of the country of tax residence of the beneficial owner) to a withholding obligor paying Korean source income in order to benefit from the available reduced tax rate pursuant to the relevant tax treaty. SubjectUnder Korean tax laws and subject to certain exceptions, the Korean tax laws also require an overseas investment vehiclesvehicle (which is defined as an organization established in a foreign jurisdiction that manages funds collected through investment solicitation by way of acquiring, disposing or otherwise investing in proprietary targets and then distributes the outcome of such managementproceeds thereof to investors) to(the “Overseas Investment Vehicle”) must obtain thean application for entitlement to a preferential tax rate from the beneficial ownersowner and submit a report of overseas investment vehicleforward it to the withholding obligor togetheralong with an overseas investment vehicle report (prepared by the Overseas Investment Vehicle) which includes a detailed statement on the beneficial owner of theowner‘s income.
Taxation of Capital Gains
Korean tax laws currently exclude from Korean taxation gains made by a non-resident without permanent establishment in Korea from the sale of a Registered Debt Security to another non-resident (except where a non-
residentnon-resident sells Registered Debt Securities to another non-resident who has permanent establishments in Korea, if any). In addition, capital gains realized from the transfer of Registered Debt Securities outside Korea by non-residents with or without permanent establishments in Korea are currently exempt from taxation by virtue of the STTCL, provided that the issuance of such Registered Debt Securities is deemed to be an overseas issuance of foreign currency denominatedcurrency-denominated bonds under the STTCL. If you sell or otherwise dispose of a Registered Debt Security through other ways than those mentioned above, any gain realized on the transaction will be taxable at ordinary Korean withholding tax rates (which is the lesser of 22.0% (including local income surtax) of the net gain or 11.0% (including local income surtax) of the gross sale proceeds, subject to the production of satisfactory evidence of the acquisition cost of such Registered Debt Securities and certain direct transaction costs attributable to the disposal of such Registered Debt Securities), unless an exemption is available under an applicable income tax treaty. See the discussion under “—Shares or ADSs—Tax Treaties” below for an additional explanation on treaty benefits.
Inheritance Tax and Gift Tax
If you die while you are the holder of Registered Debt Securities, the subsequent transfer of the Registered Debt Securities by way of succession will be subject to Korean inheritance tax. Similarly, if you transfer Registered Debt Securities as a gift, the donee will be subject to Korean gift tax and you may be required to pay the gift tax if the donee fails to do so.
At present, Korea has not entered into any tax treaty relating to inheritance or gift taxes.
Shares or ADSs
Dividends on the Shares of Common Stock or ADSs
We will deduct Korean withholding tax from dividends (whether in cash or in shares) paid to you at a rate of 22% (inclusive of local income surtax). If you are a qualified resident in a country that has entered into a tax treaty with Korea, you may qualify for a reduced rate of Korean withholding tax. See the discussion under “—Tax Treaties” below for an additional explanation on treaty benefits.
In order to obtain the benefits of a reduced withholding tax rate under a tax treaty, you must submit to us, prior to the dividend payment date, such evidence of tax residence as may be required by the Korean tax authorities in order to establish your entitlement to the benefits of the applicable tax treaty. Evidence of tax residence may be submitted to us through the ADS depositary. If we distribute to you free shares representing a transfer of certain capital reserves or asset revaluation reserves into paid-in capital, such distribution may be subject to Korean withholding tax.
Furthermore, Korean tax laws require the beneficial owner to submit an application for entitlement to a preferential tax rate together with evidence of tax residence (including a certificate of tax residence of the beneficial owner issued by a competent authority of the country of tax residence of the beneficial owner) to a withholding obligor paying Korean source income in order to benefit from the available reduced tax rate pursuant to the relevant tax treaty. Under Korean tax laws and subject to certain exceptions, the Overseas Investment Vehicle must obtain an application for entitlement to a preferential tax rate from the beneficial owner and forward it to the withholding obligor along with an overseas investment vehicle report (prepared by the Overseas Investment Vehicle) which includes a detailed statement on the beneficial owner’s income.
Taxation of Capital Gains
As a general rule, capital gains earned by non-residents upon the transfer of the common shares or ADSs would be subject to Korean income tax at a rate equal to the lesser of (i) 11.0% (including local income surtax) of the gross proceeds realized or (ii) 22.0% (including local income surtax) of the net realized gain (subject to the
production of satisfactory evidence of the acquisition costs and certain direct transaction costs arising out of the transfer of such common shares or ADSs), unless such non-resident is exempt from Korean income taxation under an applicable Korean tax treaty into which Korea has entered with the non-resident’s country of tax residence. Please see the discussion under “—Tax Treaties” below for an additional explanation on treaty benefits. Even if you do not qualify for any exemption under a tax treaty, you will not be subject to the foregoing income tax on capital gains if you qualify for the relevant Korean domestic tax law exemptions discussed in the following paragraphs.
You will not be subject to Korean income taxation on capital gains realized upon the transfer of our common stocks or ADSs through the Korea Exchange if you (i) have no permanent establishment in Korea and
(ii) did not own or have not owned (together with any shares owned by any entity which you have a certain special relationship with and possibly including the shares represented by the ADSs) 25.0% or more of our total issued and outstanding shares at any time during the calendar year in which the sale occurs and during the five calendar years prior to the calendar year in which the sale occurs.
It should be noted that (i) capital gains earned by you (regardless of whether you have a permanent establishment in Korea) from the transfer of ADSs outside Korea will be exempted from Korean income taxation provided that ADSs are deemed to have been issued overseas under the STTCL, but (ii) if and when an owner of the underlying shares of stock transfers ADSs after conversion of the underlying shares into ADSs, the exemption described in (i) is not applicable.
If you are subject to tax on capital gains with respect to the sale of ADSs, or of shares of common stock which you acquired as a result of a withdrawal, the purchaser or, in the case of the sale of shares of common stock on the Korea Exchange or through an investment dealer or investment broker under the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act, an investment dealer or investment broker is required to withhold Korean tax from the sales price in an amount equal to 11.0% (including local income surtax) of the gross realization proceeds and to make payment of these amounts to the Korean tax authority, unless you establish your entitlement to an exemption under an applicable tax treaty or domestic tax law or produce satisfactory evidence of your acquisition cost and transaction costs for the shares of common stock or the ADSs.
However, if you transfer the ADSs following an exchange of the underlying shares of stock owned by you for ADSs to a purchaser who is a non-residents or a foreign company without permanent establishment in Korea, you are obligated to file an income tax return and pay tax on gain realized from such transfer unless a purchaserexempt under an applicable tax treaty or an investment dealer or investment broker, as the case may be, withholds and remits the tax on capital gains derived from transfer of ADSs,domestic law, as discussed above. Further, if you transfer the shares of common stock outside of Korea (excluding a transfer on a foreign exchange) to non-residents or foreign companies without having permanent establishments in Korea, you are obligated to file an income tax return and pay income tax on capital gain realized from such transfer unless exempt under an applicable tax treaty or domestic law. If a purchaser or an investment dealer or investment broker, as the case may be, withholdwithholds and remits the tax on capital gains derived from transfer of shares of common stock or ADSs, your obligation to file an income tax return and pay income tax will be exempt.
ToIn order to obtain the benefit of an exemption from tax pursuant to a tax treaty, you muchmust submit to the purchaser or the investment dealer or the investment broker, or through the ADS depositary, as the case may be, prior to or at the time of payment, such evidence of your tax residence as the Korean tax authorities may require in support of your claim for treaty benefits. Please see the discussion under “—Tax Treaties” below for an additional explanation on claiming treaty benefits. Furthermore, Korean tax laws require the beneficial owner to submit an application for tax exemption together with evidence of tax residence (including a certificate of tax residence of the beneficial owner issued by a competent authority of the country of tax residence of the beneficial owner) to a withholding obligor paying Korean source income in order to benefit from the available exemption pursuant to the relevant tax treaty. Under Korean tax laws and subject to certain exceptions, the Overseas Investment Vehicle must obtain an application for tax exemption from the beneficial owner and forward it to the withholding obligor along with an overseas investment vehicle report (prepared by the Overseas Investment Vehicle) which includes a detailed statement on the beneficial owner’s income.
Tax Treaties
Korea has entered into a number of income tax treaties with other countries (including the United States), which would reduce or exempt Korean withholding tax on dividends on, and capital gains on transfer of, shares of our common stock or ADSs. For example, under the Korea-United States income tax treaty, reduced rates of Korean withholding tax of 16.5% or 11.0% (respectively, including local income surtax, depending on your shareholding ratio) on dividends and an exemption from Korean withholding tax on capital gains are available to residents of the United States that are beneficial owners of the relevant dividend income or capital gains. However, under Article 17 (Investment of Holding Companies) of the Korea-United States income tax treaty, such reduced rates and exemption do not apply if (i) you are a United States corporation, (ii) by reason of any special measures, the tax imposed on you by the United States with respect to such dividends or capital gains is substantially less than the tax generally imposed by the United States on corporate profits, and (iii) 25.0% or more of your capital is held of record or is otherwise determined, after consultation between competent authorities of the United States and Korea, to be owned directly or indirectly by one or more persons who are not individual residents of the United States. Also, under Article 16 (Capital Gains) of the Korea-United States
income tax treaty, the exemption on capital gains does not apply if you are an individual, and (a) you maintain a fixed base in Korea for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the taxable year and your ADSs or shares of common stock giving rise to capital gains are effectively connected with such fixed base or (b) you are present in Korea for a period or periods of 183 days or more during the taxable year.
You should inquire for yourself whether you are entitled to the benefit of an income tax treaty with Korea. It is the responsibility of the party claiming the benefits of an income tax treaty in respect of dividend payments or capital gains to submit to us, the purchaser or the investment dealer or the investment broker, as applicable, a certificate as to his tax residence. In the absence of sufficient proof, we, the purchaser or the investment dealer or the investment broker, as applicable, must withhold tax at the normal rates. Further, in order for you to obtain the benefit of a tax exemption on certain Korean source income (e.g., interest, dividends and capital gains) under an applicable tax treaty, Korean tax law requireslaws require you (or your agent) to submit thean application for tax exemption along with a certificate of your tax residencyresidence issued by a competent authority of your country of tax residence, subject to certain exceptions. SuchUnder Korean tax laws and subject to certain exceptions, the Overseas Investment Vehicle must obtain an application should be submittedfor tax exemption from the beneficial owner and forward it to the withholding obligor along with an overseas investment vehicle report (prepared by the Overseas Investment Vehicle) which includes a detailed statement on the beneficial owner’s income. The withholding obligor must submit the application and the report to the relevant district tax office by the ninth day of the month following the date of the first payment of such income.
Furthermore, the Korean tax laws require the beneficial owner to submit an application for entitlement to a preferential tax rate together with evidence of tax residence (including a certificate of tax residence of the beneficial owner issued by a competent authority of the country of tax residence of the beneficial owner) to a withholding obligor paying Korean source income in order to benefit from the available reduced tax rate pursuant to the relevant tax treaty. SubjectUnder Korean tax laws and subject to certain exceptions, the Korean tax laws also requireOverseas Investment Vehicle must obtain an overseas investment vehicles (which is defined as an organization established in a foreign jurisdiction that manages funds collected through investment solicitation by way of acquiring, disposing or otherwise investing in proprietary targets and then distributes the outcome of such management to investors) to obtain the application for entitlement to a preferential tax rate from the beneficial ownersowner and submit a report of overseas investment vehicleforward it to the withholding obligor togetheralong with an overseas investment vehicle report (prepared by the Overseas Investment Vehicle) which includes a detailed statement on the beneficial owner of theowner’s income.
Inheritance Tax and Gift Tax
If you die while holding an ADS or donate an ADS, it is unclear whether, for Korean inheritance and gift tax purposes, you will be treated as the owner of the shares of common stock underlying the ADSs. If the tax authority interprets depositary receipts as the underlying share certificates, you may be treated as the owner of the shares of common stock and your heir or the donee (or in certain circumstances, you as the donor) will be subject to Korean inheritance or gift tax presently at the rate of 10.0% to 50.0%, depending on the value of the ADSs or shares of common stock.
If you die while holding a share of common stock or donate a share of common stock, your heir or donee (or in certain circumstances, you as the donor) will be subject to Korean inheritance or gift tax at the same rate as indicated above.
At present, Korea has not entered into any tax treaty relating to inheritance or gift taxes.
Securities Transaction Tax
If you transfer shares of common stock on the Stock Market of the Korea Exchange, you will be subject to securities transaction tax at the rate of 0.15% and an agriculture and fishery special surtax at the rate of 0.15% of the sale price of the shares of common stock. If your transfer of the shares of common stock is not made on the Stock Market of the Korea Exchange, subject to certain exceptions you will be subject to securities transaction tax at the rate of 0.5% and will not be subject to an agriculture and fishery special surtax.
Under the Securities Transaction Tax Law, depositary receipts (such as ADSs) constitute share certificates subject to the securities transaction tax. However, a transfer of depositary receipts listed on the New York Stock
Exchange, NASDAQ National Market or other qualified foreign exchanges will be exempt from the securities transaction tax although depositary receipts, including ADSs, constitute share certificates subject to the securities transaction tax.
In principle, the securities transaction tax, if applicable, must be paid by the transferor of the shares or rights. When the transfer is effected through the Korea Securities Depository, the Korea Securities Depository is generally required to withhold and pay the tax to the tax authorities. When such transfer is made through an investment dealer or investment broker under the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act only, such investment dealer or investment broker is required to withhold and pay the tax. Where the transfer is effected by a non-resident without a permanent establishment in Korea, other than through the Korea Securities Depository or an investment dealer or investment broker, the transferee is required to withhold the securities transaction tax for payment to the Korean tax authority.
U.S. Federal Income and Estate Tax Considerations for U.S. Persons
The following is a summary of certain U.S. Federal income and estate tax consequences for beneficial owners of the Registered Debt Securities, common stock and ADSs that are “U.S. Persons.” For purposes of this summary, you are a “U.S. Person” if you are any of the following for U.S. Federal income tax purposes:
an individual citizen or resident of the United States;
a corporation, or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;
an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. Federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
a trust if (1) it is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and one or more United States persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (2) it has a valid election in effect under applicable United States Treasury regulations to be treated as a United States person.
This summary is based on current law, which is subject to change (perhaps retroactively), is for general purposes only and should not be considered tax advice. This summary does not represent a detailed description of the federalU.S. Federal income and estate tax consequences to you in light of your particular circumstances. The discussion set forth below is applicable to you if (i) you are a resident of the United States for purposes of the current income tax treaty between the United States and Korea (the “Treaty”), (ii) your Registered Debt Securities, common stock or ADSs are not, for purposes of the Treaty, effectively connected with a permanent establishment in Korea and (iii) you otherwise qualify for the full benefits of the Treaty. Except where noted, it deals only with Registered Debt Securities, common stock or ADSs held as capital assets, and it does not represent a detailed description of the U.S. Federal income and estate tax consequences applicable to you if you
are subject to special treatment under the U.S. Federal income tax laws (including if you are a dealer in securities or currencies, a financial institution, a regulated investment company, a real estate investment trust, an insurance company, a tax exempt organization, a person holding the Registered Debt Securities, common stock or ADSs as part of a hedging, integrated or conversion transaction, constructive sale or straddle, a person owning 10.0% or more of our voting stock, a trader in securities that elects to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for your securities holdings, a person liable for the alternative minimum tax, an investor in a pass-through entity, or a U.S. Person whose “functional currency” is not the U.S. dollar). We cannot assure you that a change in law will not alter significantly the tax considerations that we describe in this summary.
If a partnership holds the Registered Debt Securities, common stock or ADSs, the tax treatment of a partner will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. If you are a partner of a partnership holding our Registered Debt Securities, common stock, or ADSs, you should consult your tax advisor.
Because of the 100 year100-year maturity of the One Hundred Year 7.95% Zero-to-Full Debentures, due April 1, 2096 (the “ZTF Debentures”), it is not certain whether the ZTF Debentures will be treated as debt for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. The discussion below assumes that the ZTF Debentures (as well as the other Registered Debt Securities) will be treated as debt, except that a summary of the consequences to you if the ZTF Debentures were not treated as debt is provided under “Tax Consequences with Respect to Registered Debt Securities Generally—ZTF Debentures Treated as Equity” below.
The discussion of the tax consequences of ownership of common stock and ADSs below, is based, in part, upon representations made by the Depositary to us and assumes that the deposit agreement, and all other related agreements, will be performed in accordance with their terms.
You should consult your own tax advisor concerning the particular U.S. Federal income and estate tax consequences to you of the ownership of the Registered Debt Securities, common stock and ADSs, as well as the consequences to you arising under the laws of any other taxing jurisdiction.
Tax Consequences with Respect to Registered Debt Securities Generally
Payments
Except as provided below with regard to original issue discount (as defined below) on the ZTF Debentures, interest payments on a Registered Debt Security will generally be taxable to you as ordinary income at the time it is paid or accrued in accordance with your method of accounting for tax purposes. Principal payments on an amortizing Registered Debt Security generally will constitute a tax-free return of capital to you.
Although interest payments to you are currently exempt from Korean taxation, if the Korean law providing for the exemption is repealed, then, in addition to interest payments on the Registered Debt Securities and original issue discount (as defined below) on the ZTF Debentures, you will be required to include in income any additional amounts and any Korean tax withheld from interest payments notwithstanding that you in fact did not receive such withheld tax. You may be entitled to deduct or credit such Korean tax (up to the Treaty rate), subject to applicable limitations in the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). Your election to deduct or credit foreign taxes will apply to all of your foreign taxes for a particular taxable year. Interest income on a Registered Debt Security (including additional amounts and any Korean taxes withheld in respect thereof) and original issue discount on a ZTF Debenture generally will constitute foreign source income and generally will be considered passive category income for purposes of computing the foreign tax credit. You maywill generally be denied a foreign tax credit for Korean taxes imposed with respect to the Registered Debt Securities where you do not meet a minimum holding period requirement during which you are not protected from risk of loss. The rules governing the foreign tax credit are complex. Investors are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the availability of the foreign tax credit under their particular circumstances.
Original Issue Discount
The ZTF Debentures were issued with original issue discount, or OID, for U.S. Federal income tax purposes equal to the difference between (i) the sum of all scheduled amounts payable on the ZTF Debentures (including the interest payable on such ZTF Debentures) and (ii) the “issue price” of the ZTF Debentures. The “issue price” of each ZTF Debenture is the first price at which a substantial amount of the ZTF Debentures was sold to the public (other than to an underwriter, broker, placement agent or wholesaler). If you hold ZTF Debentures, then you generally must include OID in gross income in advance of the receipt of cash attributable to that income, regardless of your method of accounting. However, you generally will not be required to include separately in income cash payments received on the ZTF Debentures, even if denominated as interest.
The amount of OID includible in income by the initial holder of a ZTF Debenture is the sum of the “daily portions” of OID with respect to the ZTF Debenture for each day during the taxable year or portion of the taxable
year in which such holder held such ZTF Debenture, or accrued OID (for a discussion relevant to subsequent purchasers, see “—Market Discount” and “—Bond Premium,” below). The daily portion is determined by allocating to each day in any “accrual period” a pro rata portion of the OID allocable to that accrual period. The “accrual period” for a ZTF Debenture may be of any length and may vary in length over the term of the ZTF Debenture, provided that each accrual period is no longer than one year and each scheduled payment of principal or interest occurs on the first day or the final day of an accrual period. The amount of OID allocable to any accrual period other than the final accrual period is an amount equal to the product of the ZTF Debenture’s adjusted issue price at the beginning of such accrual period and its yield to maturity (determined on the basis of compounding at the close of each accrual period and properly adjusted for the length of the accrual period). OID allocable to a final accrual period is the difference between the amount payable at maturity and the adjusted issue price at the beginning of the final accrual period. The “adjusted issue price” of a ZTF Debenture at the beginning of any accrual period is equal to its issue price increased by the accrued OID for each prior accrual period (for subsequent purchasers, determined without regard to the amortization of any acquisition or bond premium, as described below) and reduced by any payments previously made on such ZTF Debenture. Under these rules, you will have to include in income increasingly greater amounts of OID in successive accrual periods. We are required to provide information returns stating the amount of OID accrued on ZTF Debentures held of record by persons other than corporations and other exempt holders.
As discussed above, although interest payments to you are currently exempt from Korean taxation, if the Korean law providing for the exemption is repealed, then Korean withholding tax may be imposed at times that differ from the times at which you are required to include interest or OID in income for U.S. Federal income tax purposes and this disparity may limit the amount of foreign tax credit available.
Market Discount
If you purchase a Registered Debt Security other than a ZTF Debenture for an amount that is less than its stated redemption price at maturity, or, in the case of a ZTF Debenture, its adjusted issue price, the amount of the difference will be treated as “market discount” for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, unless that difference is less than a specified de minimis amount. Under the market discount rules, you will be required to treat any payment, other than qualified stated interest (as defined in the Code), on, or any gain on the sale, exchange, retirement or other disposition of, a Registered Debt Security as ordinary income to the extent of the market discount that you have not previously included in income and are treated as having accrued on the Registered Debt Security at the time of its payment or disposition. In addition, you may be required to defer, until the maturity of the Registered Debt Security or its earlier disposition in a taxable transaction, the deduction of all or a portion of the interest expense on any indebtedness attributable to the Registered Debt Security.
Any market discount will be considered to accrue ratably during the period from the date of acquisition to the maturity date of the Registered Debt Security, unless you elect to accrue on a constant interest method. Your election to accrue market discount on a constant interest method is to be made for the taxable year in which you acquired the Registered Debt Security, applies only to that Registered Debt Security and cannot be revoked. You
may elect to include market discount in income currently as it accrues, on either a ratable or constant interest method, in which case the rule described above regarding deferral of interest deductions will not apply. Your election to include market discount in income currently, once made, applies to all market discount obligations acquired by you on or after the first taxable year to which your election applies and may not be revoked without the consent of the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”). You should consult your own tax advisor before making this election.
Bond Premium
If you purchase a ZTF Debenture for an amount that is greater than its adjusted issue price but equal to or less than the sum of all amounts payable on the ZTF Debenture after the purchase date, you will be considered to have purchased that ZTF Debenture at an “acquisition premium.” Under the acquisition premium rules, the
amount of OID that you must include in gross income with respect to a ZTF Debenture for any taxable year will be reduced by the portion of the acquisition premium properly allocable to that year.
If you purchase a Registered Debt Security for an amount in excess of the sum of all amounts payable on the Registered Debt Security after the purchase date other than qualified stated interest, you will be considered to have purchased the Registered Debt Security at a “premium” and, if such Registered Debt Security is a ZTF Debenture, you will not be required to include any OID in income. You generally may elect to amortize the premium over the remaining term of the Registered Debt Security on a constant yield method as an offset to interest when includible in income under your regular accounting method. In the case of instruments that provide for alternative payment schedules, bond premium is calculated by assuming that (a) you will exercise or not exercise options in a manner that maximizes your yield, and (b) we will exercise or not exercise options in a manner that minimizes your yield (except that we will be assumed to exercise call options in a manner that maximizes your yield). If you do not elect to amortize bond premium, that premium will decrease the gain or increase the loss you would otherwise recognize on disposition of a Registered Debt Security. Your election to amortize premium on a constant yield method will also apply to all debt obligations held or subsequently acquired by you on or after the first day of the first taxable year to which the election applies. You may not revoke the election without the consent of the IRS. You should consult your own tax advisor before making this election.
Sale, Exchange and Retirement of Registered Debt Securities
When you sell, exchange or retire a Registered Debt Security, you will recognize gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount you receive (not including an amount equal to any accrued qualified stated interest, which will be taxable as ordinary income to the extent not previously included in income) and your adjusted tax basis in the Registered Debt Security. Your tax basis in a Registered Debt Security other than a ZTF Debenture will generally be your cost of obtaining the Registered Debt Security increased by any market discount included in income and reduced by payments of principal you receive and any bond premium that you elect to amortize. Your adjusted tax basis in a ZTF Debenture will, in general, be your cost therefor, increased by any market discount and OID previously included in income and reduced by any cash payments on the ZTF Debentures and any bond premium that you elect to amortize. Your gain or loss realized on selling, exchanging or retiring a Registered Debt Security will generally be treated as United States source income. Consequently, you may not be able to use the foreign tax credit arising from any Korean tax imposed on the disposition of Registered Debt Securities unless such credit can be applied (subject to applicable limitations) against tax due on other income treated as derived from foreign sources. Except as described above with respect to market discount, your gain or loss will be capital gain or loss and will be long-term capital gain or loss if, at the time of the sale, exchange or retirement of a Registered Debt Security, you have held the Registered Debt Security for more than one year. If you are an individual and the Registered Debt Security being sold, exchanged or retired is a capital asset that you held for more than one year, you may be eligible for reduced rates of taxation on any capital gain recognized. Your ability to deduct capital losses is subject to limitations.
ZTF Debentures Treated as Equity
If the ZTF Debentures were treated as equity for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, amounts deemed paid with respect to the ZTF Debentures would be deemed dividends for U.S. Federal income tax purposes to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. Federal income tax purposes).
You would include the amounts deemed paid by us on the ZTF Debentures (before reduction for Korean withholding tax, if any) as dividend income when actually or constructively paid by KEPCO. Section 305 of the Code, which would apply to the ZTF Debentures if they were treated as equity for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, requires current accrual of dividends under principles similar to the accrual of OID. Amounts treated as dividends will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction generally allowed to U.S. corporations.
Tax Consequences with Respect to Common Stock and ADSs
In general, for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, holders of ADSs will be treated as the owners of the underlying common stock that is represented by such ADSs. Accordingly, deposits or withdrawals of common stock by holders of ADSs will not be subject to U.S. Federal income tax. However, the U.S. Treasury has expressed concerns that intermediaries in the chain of ownership between the holder of an ADS and the issuer of the security underlying the ADS may be taking actions that are inconsistent with the claiming of foreign tax credits by the holders of ADSs. Such actions would also be inconsistent with the claiming of the reduced rate of tax applicable to dividends received by certain non-corporate holders. Accordingly, the analysis of creditability of Korean taxes and the availability of the reduced tax rate for dividends received by certain non-corporate holders, each described below, could be affected by future actions that may be taken by such intermediaries.
Distributions on Common Stock or ADSs
The gross amount of distributions (other than certain distributions of common stock or rights to subscribe for common stock) to holders of common stock or ADSs (including amounts withheld in respect of Korean withholding taxes) will be treated as dividend income to such holders, to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. Federal income tax principles. Such income (including withheld taxes) will be includable in the gross income of a holder as ordinary income on the day actually or constructively received by the holder, in the case of common stock, or by the Depositary, in the case of ADSs. Such dividends will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction allowed to corporations under the Code.
With respect to non-corporate U.S. Persons, certain dividends paid by a qualified foreign corporation and received by such holders may be subject to reduced rates of taxation. A qualified foreign corporation includes a foreign corporation that is eligible for the benefits of an income tax treaty with the United States, if such treaty contains an exchange of information provision and the United States Treasury Department had determined that the treaty is satisfactory for purposes of the legislation. The United States Treasury Department has determined that the Treaty, which contains an exchange of information provision, is (in the absence of additional guidance) satisfactory for these purposes. In addition, we believe we are eligible for the benefits of the United States-Korean income tax treaty. However, a foreign corporation is also treated as a qualified foreign corporation with respect to dividends paid by that corporation on shares (or ADSs backed by such shares) that are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States. Shares of our common stock will generally not be considered readily tradable for these purposes. However, United States Treasury Department guidance indicates that our ADSs, which are listed on the New York Stock Exchange, are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States. There can be no assurance that our ADSs will be considered readily tradable on an established securities market in later years. Non-corporate U.S. Persons that do not meet a minimum holding period requirement during which they are not protected from a risk of loss or that elect to treat the dividend income as “investment income” pursuant to Section 163(d)(4) of the Code will not be eligible for
the reduced rates of taxation regardless of our status as a qualified foreign corporation. In addition, the rate reduction will not apply to dividends if the recipient of a dividend is obligated to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property. This disallowance applies even if the minimum holding period has been met. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the application of the foregoing rules to their particular circumstances.
The amount of any dividend paid in Won will equal the United States dollar value of the Won received calculated by reference to the exchange rate in effect on the date the dividend is received by the holder, in the case of common stock, or by the Depositary, in the case of ADSs, regardless of whether the Won are converted into U.S. dollars. If the Won received as a dividend are not converted into U.S. dollars on the date of receipt, a holder will have a basis in the Won equal to their U.S. dollar value on the date of receipt. Any gain or loss realized on a subsequent conversion or other disposition of the Won will be treated as United States source ordinary income or loss. The amount of any distribution of property other than cash will be the fair market value of such property on the date of distribution.
The maximum rate of withholding tax on dividends paid to you pursuant to the Treaty is 16.5%. You will be required to properly demonstrate to us and the Korean tax authorities your entitlement to the reduced rate of withholding under the Treaty. Subject to certain conditions and limitations, Korean withholding taxes (up to the Treaty rate) will be treated as foreign taxes eligible for credit against your U.S. Federal income tax liability. For purposes of calculating the foreign tax credit, dividends paid on the common stock or ADSs will be treated as foreign source income and will generally constitute passive category income. Further, in certain circumstances, if you have held common stock or ADSs for less than a specified minimum period during which you are not protected from risk of loss, or are obligated to make payments related to the dividends, you will not be allowed a foreign tax credit for foreign taxes imposed on dividends paid on common stock or ADSs. The rules governing the foreign tax credit are complex. Investors are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the availability of the foreign tax credit under their particular circumstances including the possible adverse impact on creditability to the extent you are entitled to a refund of any Korean tax withheld or a reduced rate of withholding.
To the extent that the amount of any distribution exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits for a taxable year, as determined under U.S. Federal income tax principles, the distribution will first be treated as a tax-free return of capital, causing a reduction in the adjusted basis of the common stock or ADSs (thereby increasing the amount of gain, or decreasing the amount of loss, to be recognized by the investor on a subsequent disposition of the common stock or ADSs), and the balance in excess of adjusted basis will be taxed as capital gain recognized on a sale or exchange of property. Consequently, such distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits would not give rise to foreign source income and you generally would not be able to use the foreign tax credit arising from any Korean withholding tax imposed on such distributions unless such credit can be applied (subject to applicable limitations) against U.S. tax due on other foreign source income in the appropriate category for foreign tax credit purposes. However, we do not expect to keep earnings and profits in accordance with U.S. Federal income tax principles. Therefore, you should expect that a distribution will generally be treated as a dividend (as discussed above).
Distributions of common stock or rights to subscribe for common stock that are received as part of a pro rata distribution to all of our shareholders generally will not be subject to U.S. Federal income tax. Consequently such distributions will not give rise to foreign source income and you generally will not be able to use the foreign tax credit arising from any Korean withholding tax unless such credit can be applied (subject to applicable limitations) against U.S. tax due on other income derived from foreign sources. The basis of the new common stock or rights so received will be determined by allocating your basis in the old common stock between the old common stock and the new common stock or rights received, based on their relative fair market value on the date of distribution. However, the basis of the rights will be zero if (i) the fair market value of the rights is less than 15% of the fair market value of the old common stock at the time of distribution, unless the taxpayer elects to determine the basis of the old common stock and of the rights by allocating between the old common stock and the rights the adjusted basis of the old common stock or (ii) the rights are not exercised and thus expire.
Sale, Exchange or Other Disposition of ADSs or Common Stock
Upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of ADSs or common stock, you generally will recognize capital gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized upon the sale, exchange or other disposition and your adjusted tax basis in the ADSs or common stock. The capital gain or loss will be long-term capital gain or loss if at the time of sale, exchange or other disposition, the ADSs or common stock have been held by you for more than one year. Under current law, long-term capital gains of individuals are, under certain circumstances, taxed at lower rates than items of ordinary income. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. Any gain or loss recognized by you will generally be treated as U.S. source gain or loss. Consequently, you may not be able to use the foreign tax credit arising from any Korean tax imposed on the disposition of ADSs or common stock unless such credit can be applied (subject to applicable limitations) against tax due on other income treated as derived from foreign sources.
You should note that any Korean securities transaction tax will not be treated as a creditable foreign tax for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, although you may be entitled to deduct such taxes, subject to applicable limitations under the Code.
Estate and Gift Taxation
As discussed above in “—Korean Taxes—Registered Debt Securities—Inheritance Tax and Gift Tax” and “—Korean Taxes—Shares or ADSs—Inheritance Tax and Gift Tax,” Korea may impose an inheritance tax on your heir who receives ADSs and will impose an inheritance tax on an heir who receives common stock or Registered Debt Securities. The amount of any inheritance tax paid to Korea may be eligible for credit against the amount of U.S. Federal estate tax imposed on your estate. Prospective purchasers should consult their personal tax advisors to determine whether and to what extent they may be entitled to such credit. Korea also imposes a gift tax on the donation of any property located within Korea. The Korean gift tax generally will not be treated as a creditable foreign tax for United States tax purposes.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
In general, information reporting requirements will apply to principal, interest, OID and premium payments on Registered Debt Securities and dividend payments in respect of the common stock or ADSs or the proceeds received on the sale, exchange or redemption of the Registered Debt Securities, common stock or ADSs paid within the United States (and in certain cases, outside of the United States) to holders other than certain exempt recipients, and a backup withholding may apply to such amounts if you fail to provide an accurate taxpayer identification number or to report interest and dividends required to be shown on your U.S. Federal income tax returns. The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to you will be allowed as a refund or a credit against your U.S. Federal income tax liability, provided the required information is furnished to the IRS.
Item 10F. Dividends and Paying Agents
Not Applicable
Item 10G. Statements by Experts
Not Applicable
Item 10H. Documents on Display
We are subject to the information requirements of the Exchange Act, and, in accordance therewith, are required to file reports, including annual reports on Form 20-F, and other information with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. You may inspect and copy these materials, including this annual report and the
exhibits thereto, at SEC’s Public Reference Room 100 Fifth Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference rooms. As a foreign private issuer, we are also required to make filings with the Commission by electronic means. Any filings we make electronically will be available to the public over the Internet at the Commission’s web site at http://www.sec.gov.
Item 10I. Subsidiary Information
Not Applicable
ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Our primary market risk exposures are to fluctuations in exchange rates, interest rates and fuel prices. We are exposed to foreign exchange risk related to foreign-currency denominatedforeign currency-denominated liabilities. As of December 31, 2012,2013, approximately 21.4%20.9% of our long-term debt (including the current portion but excluding issue discounts and premium), before accounting for swap transactions, was denominated in foreign currencies, principally in the U.S. dollar.dollars. However, substantially alla substantial portion of our revenues areis denominated in Won. As a result, changes in exchange rates, particularly between the Won and the U.S. dollar, significantly affect us due to our significant amounts of foreign-currency denominatedforeign currency-denominated debt and the effect of such changes on the amount of funds required by us to make interest and principal payments on such debt. In order to reduce the impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations on our results of operations, we have recently been reducing and plan to continue to reduce the proportion of our debt which is denominated in foreign currencies and the proportion of its foreign currency debt which is denominated in U.S. dollars.currencies.
We are also exposed to foreign exchange risk related to our purchases of fuels since we obtain substantially all of our fuel materials (other than anthracite coal) directly or indirectly from sources outside Korea. Prices for such fuel materials are quoted based on prices stated in, and in many cases are paid for in, currencies other than Won. In 2012,2013, fuel costs represented 48.5%45.1% of our sales.
We are exposed to interest rate risk due to significant amounts of debt. Upward fluctuations in interest rates increase the cost of additional debt and the interest cost of outstanding floating rate borrowings. We are also exposed to fluctuations in prices of fuel materials. In 2012,2013, for electricity generation, uranium accounted for 33.6%30.9% of our fuel requirements, coal accounted for 44.2%44.8%, LNG accounted for 17.6%19.7% and oil accounted for 3.5%3.3%. In 2011,2012, measured on the same basis, uranium accounted for 34.9%33.5% of our fuel requirements, coal accounted for 45.0%44.5%, LNG accounted for 16.7%17.7% and oil accounted for 2.4%3.2%, measured in each case by the amount of electricity we generated.
For additional discussions of our market risks, see Item 3D. “Risk Factors” and Item 5B. “Liquidity and Capital Resources—Liquidity.”
We have entered into various swap contracts to hedge exchange rate risks arising from foreign currency-denominated debts. Details of currency swap contracts outstanding as of December 31, 20122013 are as follows:
Counterparty | Contract year | Settlement year | Contract amounts | Contract interest rate | Contract exchange rate | Counterparty | Contract Year | Settlement Year | Contract amounts | Contract interest rate | Contract Exchange Rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Pay | Receive | Pay | Receive | Pay | Receive | Pay | Receive | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(KRW in millions, USD in thousands) | (KRW in millions, USD in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trading | Barclays | 2008 | 2013 | KRW 187,020 | USD 200,000 | 7.50 | % | 7.75% | 935.10 | Shinhan Bank | 2010 | 2014 | KRW 84,615 | USD 75,000 | 6.83 | % | 5.50% | 1,128.20 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Credit Suisse | 2008 | 2013 | KRW 140,265 | USD 150,000 | 6.94 | % | 7.75% | 935.10 | RBS | 2010 | 2014 | KRW 141,125 | USD 125,000 | 6.78 | % | 5.50% | 1,129.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shinhan Bank | 2010 | 2014 | KRW 84,615 | USD 75,000 | 6.83 | % | 5.50% | 1,128.20 | Morgan Stanley | 2010 | 2014 | KRW 112,320 | USD 100,000 | 6.71 | % | 5.50% | 1,123.20 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
RBS | 2010 | 2014 | KRW 141,125 | USD 125,000 | 6.78 | % | 5.50% | 1,129.00 | HSBC | 2011 | 2014 | KRW 112,320 | USD 100,000 | 6.71 | % | 5.50% | 1,123.20 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Morgan Stanley | 2010 | 2014 | KRW 112,320 | USD 100,000 | 6.71 | % | 5.50% | 1,123.20 | Bank of America | 2011 | 2014 | KRW 110,310 | USD 100,000 | 6.93 | % | 5.50% | 1,103.10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
HSBC | 2010 | 2014 | KRW 112,320 | USD 100,000 | 6.71 | % | 5.50% | 1,123.20 | UBS | 2011 | 2015 | KRW 220,356 | USD 200,000 | 3.90 | % | 3.00% | 1,101.78 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BOA | 2010 | 2015 | KRW 110,310 | USD 100,000 | 6.93 | % | 5.50% | 1,103.10 | RBS | 2011 | 2015 | KRW 110,110 | USD 100,000 | 3.90 | % | 3.00% | 1,101.10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
UBS | 2010 | 2015 | KRW 220,356 | USD 200,000 | 3.90 | % | 3.00% | 1,101.78 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
RBS | 2010 | 2015 | KRW 110,110 | USD 100,000 | 3.90 | % | 3.00% | 1,101.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Barclays | 2010 | 2015 | KRW 108,390 | USD 100,000 | 3.78 | % | 3.00% | 1,083.90 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Credit Suisse | 2010 | 2015 | KRW 108,390 | USD 100,000 | 3.22 | % | 3.00% | 1,083.90 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Morgan Stanley | 2010 | 2015 | KRW 63,006 | USD 60,000 | 4.06 | % | 3.00% | 1,050.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Goldman Sachs | 2010 | 2015 | KRW 156,643 | USD 140,000 | 3.92 | % | 3.00% | 1,118.88 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Morgan Stanley | 2010 | 2015 | KRW 118,800 | USD 100,000 | 4.61 | % | Libor 3M + 1.64% | 1,188.00 |
Type Cash flow hedge Type +0.84% +0.84% +0.84% Counterparty Contract
year Settlement
year Contract amounts Contract
interest rate Contract
exchange
rate Pay Receive Pay Receive (KRW in millions, USD
in thousands) M-UFJ 2010 2015 KRW 116,100 USD 100,000 4.00 % Libor 3M +
1.00% 1,161.00 DBS 2011 2014 KRW 56,150 USD 50,000 4.21 % Libor 3M +
1.00% 1,123.00 SMBC 2011 2014 KRW 56,150 USD 50,000 4.21 % Libor 3M +
1.00% 1,123.00 Mizuho 2011 2014 KRW 112,800 USD 100,000 3.86 % Libor 3M +
0.80% 1,128.00 DBS 2011 2014 KRW 109,500 USD 100,000 3.80 % Libor 3M +
0.85% 1,095.00 Deutsche Bank 2009 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 5.39 % 6.25% 1,266.10 Nomura Securities 2009 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 5.35 % 6.25% 1,266.10 Nomura Securities 2009 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 5.33 % 6.25% 1,266.10 Morgan Stanley 2009 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 5.32 % 6.25% 1,266.10 Morgan Stanley 2010 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 5.30 % 6.25% 1,266.10 Barclays 2010 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 5.29 % 6.25% 1,266.10 CITI 2010 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 5.27 % 6.25% 1,266.10 JP Morgan 2010 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 4.93 % 6.25% 1,266.10 Deutsche Bank 2010 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 4.93 % 6.25% 1,266.10 RBS 2010 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 4.93 % 6.25% 1,266.10 DBS 2010 2013 KRW 226,900 USD 200,000 3.70 % Libor 3M +
0.25% 1,134.50 SMBC 2010 2013 KRW 113,400 USD 100,000 3.92 % Libor 3M +
0.90% 1,134.00 BTMU 2010 2013 KRW 56,525 USD 50,000 3.92 % Libor 3M +
0.90% 1,130.50 Mizuho 2010 2013 KRW 56,750 USD 50,000 3.92 % Libor 3M +
0.90% 1,135.00 CITI 2010 2015 KRW 116,080 USD 100,000 3.97 % 3.13% 1,160.80 Deutsche Bank 2010 2015 KRW 116,080 USD 100,000 3.98 % 3.13% 1,160.80 RBS 2010 2015 KRW 116,080 USD 100,000 3.97 % 3.13% 1,160.80 HSBC 2010 2015 KRW 116,080 USD 100,000 3.23 % 3.13% 1,160.80 UBS 2010 2015 KRW 116,080 USD 100,000 3.23 % 3.13% 1,160.80 CITI 2012 2022 KRW 112,930 USD 100,000 2.79 % 3.00% 1,129.30 JP Morgan 2012 2022 KRW 112,930 USD 100,000 2.79 % 3.00% 1,129.30 BOA 2012 2022 KRW 112,930 USD 100,000 2.79 % 3.00% 1,129.30 Goldman Sachs 2012 2022 KRW 112,930 USD 100,000 2.79 % 3.00% 1,129.30 HSBC 2012 2022 KRW 111,770 USD 100,000 2.89 % 3.00% 1,117.70 Hana Bank 2012 2022 KRW 111,770 USD 100,000 2.87 % 3.00% 1,117.70 SC 2012 2022 KRW 111,770 USD 100,000 2.89 % 3.00% 1,117.70 Deutsche Bank 2012 2022 KRW 55,885 USD 50,000 2.79 % 3.00% 1,117.70 Credit Suisse 2009 2013 KRW 194,750 USD 150,000 4.75 % 5.00% 1,298.33 CITI 2006 2016 KRW 113,200 USD 100,000 1.05 % 6.00% 1,132.00 Barclays 2006 2016 KRW 113,200 USD 100,000 1.05 % 6.00% 1,132.00 Credit Suisse 2006 2016 KRW 113,200 USD 100,000 1.05 % 6.00% 1,132.00 Goldman Sachs 2011 2017 KRW 105,260 USD 100,000 3.99 % 3.63% 1,052.60 Barclays 2011 2017 KRW 105,260 USD 100,000 3.99 % 3.63% 1,052.60 CITI 2011 2017 KRW 105,260 USD 100,000 3.99 % 3.63% 1,052.60 HSBC 2012 2014 KRW 45,264 USD 40,000 3.25 % Libor 3M
+1.50% 1,131.60 Counterparty Contract
Year Settlement
Year Contract amounts Contract
interest rate Contract
Exchange
Rate Pay Receive Pay Receive (KRW in millions, USD in
thousands) Barclays Bank PLC 2011 2015 KRW 108,390 USD 100,000 3.78 % 3.00% 1,083.90 Credit Suisse 2011 2015 KRW 108,390 USD 100,000 3.22 % 3.00% 1,083.90 Morgan Stanley 2011 2015 KRW 63,006 USD 60,000 4.06 % 3.00% 1,050.10 Goldman Sachs 2010 2015 KRW 156,643 USD 140,000 3.92 % 3.00% 1,118.88 Deutsche Bank 2012 2018 KRW 110,412 JPY 10,000,000 6.21 % 4.19% 11.04 IBK 2013 2018 KRW 111,800 USD 100,000 3.16 % 2.79% 1,118.00 Bank of America 2012 2018 KRW 103,580 JPY 10,000,000 7.05 % 4.19% 10.36 Morgan Stanley 2010 2015 KRW 118,800 USD 100,000 4.61 % 3M Libor +
1.64% 1,188.00 M-UFJ 2010 2015 KRW 116,100 USD 100,000 4.00 % 3M Libor +
1.00% 1,161.00 DBS 2011 2014 KRW 56,150 USD 50,000 4.21 % 3M Libor +
1.00% 1,123.00 SMBC 2011 2014 KRW 56,150 USD 50,000 4.21 % 3M Libor +
1.00% 1,123.00 Mizuho Corporate
Bank 2011 2014 KRW 112,800 USD 100,000 3.86 % 3M Libor +
0.80% 1,128.00 DBS 2011 2014 KRW 109,500 USD 100,000 3.80 % 3M Libor +
0.85% 1,095.00 Deutsche Bank 2009 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 5.39 % 6.25% 1,266.10 Nomura 2009 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 5.35 % 6.25% 1,266.10 Nomura 2009 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 5.33 % 6.25% 1,266.10 Morgan Stanley 2009 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 5.32 % 6.25% 1,266.10 Morgan Stanley 2010 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 5.30 % 6.25% 1,266.10 Barclays Bank PLC 2010 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 5.29 % 6.25% 1,266.10 Citibank 2010 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 5.27 % 6.25% 1,266.10 JP Morgan 2010 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 4.93 % 6.25% 1,266.10 Deutsche Bank 2010 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 4.93 % 6.25% 1,266.10 RBS 2010 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 4.93 % 6.25% 1,266.10 Citibank 2010 2015 KRW 116,080 USD 100,000 3.97 % 3.13% 1,160.80 Deutsche Bank 2010 2015 KRW 116,080 USD 100,000 3.98 % 3.13% 1,160.80 RBS 2010 2015 KRW 116,080 USD 100,000 3.97 % 3.13% 1,160.80 HSBC 2010 2015 KRW 116,080 USD 100,000 3.23 % 3.13% 1,160.80 UBS 2010 2015 KRW 116,080 USD 100,000 3.23 % 3.13% 1,160.80 Citibank 2012 2022 KRW 112,930 USD 100,000 2.79 % 3.00% 1,129.30 JP Morgan 2012 2022 KRW 112,930 USD 100,000 2.79 % 3.00% 1,129.30 Bank of America 2012 2022 KRW 112,930 USD 100,000 2.79 % 3.00% 1,129.30 Goldman Sachs 2012 2022 KRW 112,930 USD 100,000 2.79 % 3.00% 1,129.30 HSBC 2012 2022 KRW 111,770 USD 100,000 2.89 % 3.00% 1,117.70 Hana Bank 2012 2022 KRW 111,770 USD 100,000 2.87 % 3.00% 1,117.70 Standard Chartered 2012 2022 KRW 111,770 USD 100,000 2.89 % 3.00% 1,117.70 Deutsche Bank 2012 2022 KRW 55,885 USD 50,000 2.79 % 3.00% 1,117.70 DBS 2013 2018 KRW 108,140 USD 100,000 2.63 % 3M Libor 1,081.40 DBS 2013 2018 KRW 108,140 USD 100,000 2.57 % 3M Libor 1,081.40 DBS 2013 2018 KRW 108,140 USD 100,000 2.57 % 3M Libor 1,081.40 HSBC 2013 2018 KRW 107,450 USD 100,000 3.41 % 2.88% 1,074.50 Standard Chartered 2013 2018 KRW 107,450 USD 100,000 3.44 % 2.88% 1,074.50 JP Morgan 2013 2018 KRW 107,450 USD 100,000 3.48 % 2.88% 1,074.50
Type Type +1.22 % +1.18 % +1.25 % Cash flow hedge +1.50 % +1.50 % +1.50 % +1.50 % +1.50 % +1.50 % +1.01 % +1.01 % +1.50 % Counterparty Contract
year Settlement
year Contract amounts Contract
interest rate Contract
exchange
rate Pay Receive Pay Receive (KRW in millions, USD
in thousands) CITI 2012 2014 KRW 33,948 USD 30,000 3.25%
Libor 3M
+1.50
% 1,131.60 RBS 2012 2014 KRW 22,632 USD 20,000 3.25%
Libor 3M
+1.50
% 1,131.60 UOB 2012 2014 KRW 33,948 USD 30,000 3.25%
Libor 3M
+1.50
% 1,131.60 DBS 2012 2014 KRW 56,580 USD 50,000 3.20%
Libor 3M
+1.50
% 1,131.60 ANZ 2012 2014 KRW 22,632 USD 20,000 3.20%
Libor 3M
+1.50
% 1,131.60 CITI 2012 2014 KRW 20,369 USD 18,000 3.20%
Libor 3M
+1.50
% 1,131.60 Credit Suisse 2012 2014 KRW 45,264 USD 40,000 2.77%
Libor 3M
+1.50
% 1,131.60 RBS 2012 2014 KRW 58,843 USD 52,000 2.77%
Libor 3M
+1.50
% 1,131.60 UBS AG 2006 2016 KRW 98,100 USD 100,000 5.48% 5.50 % 981.00 Credit Suisse 2006 2016 KRW 98,100 USD 100,000 5.48% 5.50 % 981.00 CITI 2008 2013 KRW 113,304 USD 120,000 4.96% 5.38 % 944.20 Goldman Sachs 2008 2013 KRW 113,304 USD 120,000 4.96% 5.38 % 944.20 Barclays 2008 2013 KRW 56,652 USD 60,000 4.96% 5.38 % 944.20 Barclays 2006 2016 KRW 71,888 USD 75,000 4.81% 5.50 % 958.51 Deutsche Bank 2006 2016 KRW 71,888 USD 75,000 4.81% 5.50 % 958.51 RBS 2012 2017 KRW 142,500 USD 125,000 3.83% 3.13 % 1,140.00 Barclays 2012 2017 KRW 142,500 USD 125,000 3.83% 3.13 % 1,140.00 JP Morgan 2012 2017 KRW 142,500 USD 125,000 3.83% 3.13 % 1,140.00 Morgan Stanley 2012 2017 KRW 142,500 USD 125,000 3.83% 3.13 % 1,140.00 Barclays 2004 2014 KRW 172,875 USD 150,000 5.10% 5.75 % 1,152.50 RBS 2008 2013 KRW 149,040 USD 150,000 5.03% 5.38 % 993.60 Deutsche Bank 2008 2013 KRW 149,040 USD 150,000 5.03% 5.38 % 993.60 BTMU 2010 2013 KRW 113,200 USD 100,000 4.11%
Libor 3M
+0.80
% 1,132.00 BTMU 2010 2015 KRW 55,900 USD 50,000 4.03%
Libor 3M
+1.20
% 1,118.00 RBS 2012 2017 KRW 115,140 USD 100,000 3.38% 2.50 % 1,151.40 BNP Paribas 2012 2017 KRW 115,140 USD 100,000 3.38% 2.50 % 1,151.40 Hana Bank 2012 2017 KRW 115,140 USD 100,000 3.38% 2.50 % 1,151.40 Barclays 2012 2017 KRW 57,570 USD 50,000 3.38% 2.50 % 1,151.40 SC 2012 2017 KRW 57,570 USD 50,000 3.38% 2.50 % 1,151.40 Nomura Securities 2012 2017 KRW 57,570 USD 50,000 3.38% 2.50 % 1,151.40 Credit Agricole 2012 2017 KRW 57,570 USD 50,000 3.38% 2.50 % 1,151.40 Counterparty Contract
Year Settlement
Year Contract amounts Contract
interest rate Contract
Exchange
Rate Pay Receive Pay Receive (KRW in millions, USD in
thousands) HSBC 2013 2020 USD 92,940 AUD 100,000 3M Libor 5.75 % 0.93 HSBC 2013 2020 USD 93,480 AUD 100,000 3M Libor 5.75 % 0.93 Standard Chartered 2013 2020 USD 117,250 AUD 125,000 3M Libor 5.75 % 0.94 Citibank 2006 2016 KRW 113,200 USD 100,000 1.05 % 6.00 % 1,132.00 Barclays Bank
PLC 2006 2016 KRW 113,200 USD 100,000 1.05 % 6.00 % 1,132.00 Credit Suisse 2006 2016 KRW 113,200 USD 100,000 1.05 % 6.00 % 1,132.00 Goldman Sachs 2011 2017 KRW 105,260 USD 100,000 3.99 % 3.63 % 1,052.60 Barclays Bank
PLC 2011 2017 KRW 105,260 USD 100,000 3.99 % 3.63 % 1,052.60 Citibank 2011 2017 KRW 105,260 USD 100,000 3.99 % 3.63 % 1,052.60 HSBC 2012 2014 KRW 45,264 USD 40,000 3.25 %
3M Libor
+1.50
% 1,131.60 Citibank 2012 2014 KRW 33,948 USD 30,000 3.25 %
3M Libor
+1.50
% 1,131.60 RBS 2012 2014 KRW 22,632 USD 20,000 3.25 %
3M Libor
+1.50
% 1,131.60 UOB 2012 2014 KRW 33,948 USD 30,000 3.25 % 3M Libor 1,131.60 DBS 2012 2014 KRW 56,580 USD 50,000 3.20 % 3M Libor 1,131.60 ANZ 2012 2014 KRW 22,632 USD 20,000 3.20 % 3M Libor 1,131.60 Citibank 2012 2014 KRW 20,369 USD 18,000 3.20 % 3M Libor 1,131.60 Credit Suisse 2012 2014 KRW 45,264 USD 40,000 2.77 % 3M Libor 1,131.60 RBS 2012 2014 KRW 58,843 USD 52,000 2.77 % 3M Libor 1,131.60 Citibank 2013 2018 KRW 54,570 USD 50,000 2.90 % 3M Libor 1,091.40 Standard Chartered 2013 2018 KRW 54,570 USD 50,000 2.90 % 3M Libor 1,091.40 Credit Suisse 2013 2018 KRW 111,410 USD 100,000 3.22 % 3M Libor 1,114.10 UBS AG 2006 2016 KRW 98,100 USD 100,000 5.48 % 5.50 % 981 Credit Suisse 2006 2016 KRW 98,100 USD 100,000 5.48 % 5.50 % 981 Barclays Bank
PLC 2006 2016 KRW 71,888 USD 75,000 4.81 % 5.50 % 958.51 Deutsche Bank
AG 2006 2016 KRW 71,888 USD 75,000 4.81 % 5.50 % 958.51 Barclays Bank
PLC 2012 2017 KRW 142,500 USD 125,000 3.83 % 3.13 % 1,140.00 Morgan Stanley 2012 2017 KRW 142,500 USD 125,000 3.83 % 3.13 % 1,140.00 RBS 2012 2017 KRW 142,500 USD 125,000 3.83 % 3.13 % 1,140.00 JP Morgan 2012 2017 KRW 142,500 USD 125,000 3.83 % 3.13 % 1,140.00 RBS 2013 2019 KRW 118,343 CHF 100,000 3.47 % 1.63 % 1,183.43
Type +1.20 % Counterparty Contract
Year Settlement
Year Contract amounts Contract
interest rate Contract
Exchange
Rate Pay Receive Pay Receive (KRW in millions, USD in
thousands) Barclays Bank
PLC 2013 2019 KRW 59,172 CHF 50,000 3.47% 1.63 % 1,183.43 Nomura 2013 2019 KRW 59,172 CHF 50,000 3.47% 1.63 % 1,183.43 Barclays Bank
PLC 2013 2018 KRW 107,360 USD 100,000 3.34% 2.88 % 1,073.60 RBS 2013 2018 KRW 107,360 USD 100,000 3.34% 2.88 % 1,073.60 JP Morgan 2013 2018 KRW 161,040 USD 150,000 3.34% 2.88 % 1,073.60 Standard Chartered 2013 2018 KRW 161,040 USD 150,000 3.34% 2.88 % 1,073.60 Barclays Bank
PLC 2004 2014 KRW 172,875 USD 150,000 5.10% 5.75 % 1,152.50 Barclays Bank
PLC 2013 2018 KRW 81,188 USD 75,000 2.65% 1.88 % 1,082.50 RBS 2013 2018 KRW 81,188 USD 75,000 2.65% 1.88 % 1,082.50 Deutsche Bank 2013 2018 KRW 81,188 USD 75,000 2.65% 1.88 % 1,082.50 Citibank 2013 2018 KRW 81,188 USD 75,000 2.65% 1.88 % 1,082.50 BTMU 2010 2015 KRW 55,900 USD 50,000 4.03% 3M Libor 1,118.00 RBS 2012 2017 KRW 115,140 USD 100,000 3.38% 2.50 % 1,151.40 BNP Paribas 2012 2017 KRW 115,140 USD 100,000 3.38 % 2.50 % 1,151.40 Hana Bank 2012 2017 KRW 115,140 USD 100,000 3.38% 2.50 % 1,151.40 Barclays Bank
PLC 2012 2017 KRW 57,570 USD 50,000 3.38% 2.50 % 1,151.40 Standard Chartered 2012 2017 KRW 57,570 USD 50,000 3.38% 2.50 % 1,151.40 Nomura 2012 2017 KRW 57,570 USD 50,000 3.38% 2.50 % 1,151.40 Credit Agricole 2012 2017 KRW 57,570 USD 50,000 3.38% 2.50 % 1,151.40 Societe Generale 2013 2018 KRW 106,190 USD 100,000 3.48% 2.63 % 1,061.90 BNP Paribas 2013 2018 KRW 53,095 USD 50,000 3.48% 2.63 % 1,061.90 Hana Bank 2013 2018 KRW 53,095 USD 50,000 3.48% 2.63 % 1,061.90 Standard Chartered 2013 2018 KRW 106,030 USD 100,000 3.48% 2.63 % 1,060.30 Barclays Bank
PLC 2013 2018 KRW 53,015 USD 50,000 3.48% 2.63 % 1,060.30 Hana Bank 2013 2018 KRW 31,809 USD 30,000 3.48% 2.63 % 1,060.30 Societe Generale 2013 2018 KRW 21,206 USD 20,000 3.48% 2.63 % 1,060.30 HSBC 2013 2018 KRW 53,015 USD 50,000 3.47% 2.63 % 1,060.30 Nomura 2013 2018 KRW 53,015 USD 50,000 3.47% 2.63 % 1,060.30
Under these currency swap contracts, we recognized a valuation loss of Won 539,883217,361 million in 2012,2013, net.
Details of interest rate contracts outstanding as of December 31, 20122013 are as follows:
Counterparty | Contract year | Settlement year |
| Contract interest rate per annum | Counterparty | Contract Year | Settlement Year | Notional Amount | Contract Interest Rate Per Annum | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Notional amount | Pay | Receive | Pay | Receive | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(KRW in millions, JOD, USD in thousands) | (KRW in millions, USD in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trading | Korea Exchange Bank | 2010 | 2013 | KRW 100,000 | 4.18 | % | 3M CD + 0.58 | % | Nonghyup Bank | 2010 | 2015 | KRW 100,000 | 4.90 | % | 3M CD + 1.05 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nonghyup Bank | 2010 | 2015 | KRW 100,000 | 4.90 | % | 3M CD + 1.05 | % | Nonghyup Bank | 2010 | 2015 | KRW 100,000 | 4.83 | % | 3M CD + 0.90 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nonghyup Bank | 2010 | 2015 | KRW 100,000 | 4.83 | % | 3M CD + 0.90 | % | Nonghyup Bank | 2010 | 2015 | KRW 50,000 | 4.77 | % | 3M CD + 0.90 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nonghyup Bank | 2010 | 2015 | KRW 50,000 | 4.77 | % | 3M CD + 0.90 | % | Korea Development Bank | 2012 | 2016 | KRW 200,000 | 3.57 | % | 3M CD + 0.26 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KDB | 2012 | 2016 | KRW 200,000 | 3.57 | % | 3M CD + 0.26 | % | Nonghyup Bank | 2012 | 2016 | KRW 100,000 | 3.49 | % | 3M CD + 0.25 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nonghyup Bank | 2012 | 2016 | KRW 100,000 | 3.49 | % | 3M CD + 0.25 | % | Korea Development Bank | 2012 | 2016 | KRW 50,000 | 3.49 | % | 3M CD + 0.25 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KDB | 2012 | 2016 | KRW 50,000 | 3.49 | % | 3M CD + 0.25 | % | HSBC | 2012 | 2016 | KRW 50,000 | 3.49 | % | 3M CD + 0.25 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
HSBC | 2012 | 2016 | KRW 50,000 | 3.49 | % | 3M CD + 0.25 | % | Standard Chartered | 2012 | 2016 | KRW 200,000 | 3.55 | % | 3M CD + 0.26 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SC | 2012 | 2016 | KRW 200,000 | 3.55 | % | 3M CD + 0.26 | % | Standard Chartered | 2012 | 2017 | KRW 160,000 | 3.57 | % | 3M CD + 0.32 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SC | 2012 | 2017 | KRW 160,000 | 3.57 | % | 3M CD + 0.32 | % | JP Morgan | 2013 | 2018 | KRW 150,000 | 3.58 | % | 3M CD + 0.31 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2011 | 2014 | KRW 100,000 | 4.08 | % | 3M CD + 0.03 | % | Korea Exchange Bank | 2011 | 2014 | KRW 100,000 | 4.08 | % | 3M CD + 0.03 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2011 | 2014 | KRW 100,000 | 3.89 | % | 3M CD + 0.05 | % | Korea Exchange Bank | 2011 | 2014 | KRW 100,000 | 3.89 | % | 3M CD + 0.05 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2011 | 2013 | KRW 100,000 | 3.89 | % | 3M CD + 0.07 | % | Shinhan Bank | 2011 | 2014 | KRW 100,000 | 3.63 | % | 3M CD + 0.18 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shinhan Bank | 2011 | 2014 | KRW 100,000 | 3.63 | % | 3M CD + 0.18 | % | Korea Exchange Bank | 2011 | 2014 | KRW 200,000 | 3.66 | % | 3M CD + 0.24 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2011 | 2013 | KRW 100,000 | 3.85 | % | 3M CD + 0.43 | % | Korea Exchange Bank | 2012 | 2015 | KRW 100,000 | 3.58 | % | 3M CD + 0.15 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Woori Bank | 2011 | 2013 | KRW 150,000 | 3.92 | % | 3M CD + 0.43 | % | Korea Exchange Bank | 2012 | 2015 | KRW 200,000 | 3.65 | % | 3M CD + 0.10 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kookmin Bank | 2011 | 2013 | KRW 100,000 | 3.84 | % | 3M CD + 0.44 | % | Korea Exchange Bank | 2012 | 2015 | KRW 100,000 | 2.86 | % | 3M CD + 0.05 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hana Bank | 2011 | 2013 | KRW 50,000 | 3.67 | % | 3M CD + 0.25 | % | Korea Exchange Bank | 2013 | 2016 | KRW 100,000 | 2.82 | % | 3M CD + 0.04 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2011 | 2014 | KRW 200,000 | 3.66 | % | 3M CD + 0.24 | % | Korea Exchange Bank | 2013 | 2016 | KRW 200,000 | 2.57 | % | 3M CD + 0.04 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2011 | 2013 | KRW 100,000 | 3.53 | % | 3M CD + 0.14 | % | Korea Exchange Bank | 2013 | 2016 | KRW 100,000 | 2.75 | % | 3M CD + 0.03 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2011 | 2013 | KRW 100,000 | 3.56 | % | 3M CD + 0.19 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2012 | 2015 | KRW 100,000 | 3.58 | % | 3M CD + 0.15 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2012 | 2015 | KRW 200,000 | 3.65 | % | 3M CD + 0.10 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2012 | 2015 | KRW 100,000 | 2.86 | % | 3M CD + 0.05 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Woori Bank | 2012 | 2013 | KRW 200,000 | 3.88 | % | 3M CD + 0.54 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2010 | 2013 | KRW 100,000 | 4.11 | % | 3M CD + 0.25 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash flow hedge | BNP Paribas | 2009 | 2027 | JOD 112,421 | 4.16 | % | 6M USD Libor | BNP Paribas | 2009 | 2027 | USD 108,633 | 4.16 | % | 6M USD Libor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KFW | 2009 | 2027 | JOD 112,421 | 4.16 | % | 6M USD Libor | KFW | 2009 | 2027 | USD 108,633 | 4.16 | % | 6M USD Libor | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Credit Agricole | 2012 | 2033 | USD 126,712 |
| 1.33 4.10 | % ~ % | | 1 ~ 6M USD Libor | | Credit Agricole | 2012 | 2033 | USD 106,684 |
| 3.98 4.10 | % ~ % | 6M USD Libor | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SMBC | 2012 | 2033 | USD 126,712 |
| 1.33 4.18 | % ~ % | | 1 ~ 6M USD Libor | | SMBC | 2012 | 2033 | USD 139,510 |
| 4.05 4.18 | % ~ % | 6M USD Libor |
Under these interest rate swap contracts, we recognized a valuation lossgain of Won 21,38413,112 million in 2013, net.
We engage in transactions denominated in foreign currencies and consequently, we become exposed to fluctuations in exchange rates. The carrying amounts of our foreign currency-denominated monetary assets and monetary liabilities as of December 31, 2012 net.and 2013 were as follows:
Assets | Liabilities | |||||||||||||||
Type | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||
(In thousands of USD, EUR, GBP and other foreign currencies) | ||||||||||||||||
AUD | 1,188 | 1,460 | 152,692 | 321,444 | ||||||||||||
CAD | 2,314 | 4 | 4 | 611 | ||||||||||||
CNY | 1 | 1 | — | — | ||||||||||||
EUR | 9,091 | 27,946 | 18,792 | 33,398 | ||||||||||||
IDR | 711,304 | 546,902 | 1,726 | 2,973 | ||||||||||||
MXN | 703 | 5,064 | — | 426 | ||||||||||||
PHP | 1,043,932 | 248,623 | 31,675 | 22,954 | ||||||||||||
SAR | 1,309 | 1,565 | — | — | ||||||||||||
USD | 292,256 | 627,504 | 9,866,661 | 11,207,483 | ||||||||||||
INR | 417,544 | 362,996 | 52,755 | 500,933 | ||||||||||||
PKR | 63,445 | 116,847 | 277 | 650 | ||||||||||||
MGA | 240,233 | 2,124,218 | 92,979 | 101,503 | ||||||||||||
JPY | 520 | 176,921 | 20,006,730 | 22,521,580 | ||||||||||||
KZT | 720,121 | 164,790 | — | 16,517 | ||||||||||||
GBP | 6 | — | 253 | 4 | ||||||||||||
CHF | — | 143,120 | 223 | 400,012 | ||||||||||||
AED | 220 | 288 | 1,829 | 809 | ||||||||||||
SEK | — | — | 1,105 | — | ||||||||||||
JOD | — | 132 | — | 1 | ||||||||||||
BDT | — | 34,753 | — | 2,977 | ||||||||||||
CLP | — | 93 | — | — |
The following analysis sets forth the sensitivity of our consolidated net income before income taxes (our “pre-tax income”) to changes in exchange rates, interest rates, electricity rates and fuel costs. For purposes of this section, we and the generation subsidiariesour related parties will be deemed one entity. The range of changes in such risk categories represents our view of the changes that are reasonably possible over a one-year period, although it is difficult to predict such changes as a result of adverse economic developments in Korea. See Item 3D. “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Korea and the Global Economy—Unfavorable financial and economic conditions in Korea and globally may have a material adverse impact on us.” The following discussion only addresses material market risks faced by us and does not discuss other risks which we face in the normal course of business, including country risk, credit risk and legal risk. Unless otherwise specified, all calculations are made under IFRS.
We engage in transactions denominated in foreign currencies and consequently, we become exposed to fluctuations in exchange rates. The carrying amounts of our foreign currency denominated monetary assets and monetary liabilities as of December 31, 2011 and 2012 were as follows (USD, EUR, GBP, Other foreign currency in thousands):
Assets | Liabilities | |||||||||||||||
Type | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||||
AUD | 1,188 | 1,140 | 152,692 | 156,196 | ||||||||||||
CAD | 2,314 | 164 | 4 | 18 | ||||||||||||
CNY | 1 | 1 | — | — | ||||||||||||
EUR | 9,091 | 8,076 | 18,792 | 1,441 | ||||||||||||
IDR | 711,304 | 1,074,528 | 1,726 | — | ||||||||||||
MXN | 703 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
PHP | 1,043,932 | 232,281 | 31,675 | 21,073 | ||||||||||||
SAR | 1,309 | 1,037 | — | — | ||||||||||||
USD | 292,256 | 374,193 | 9,866,661 | 9,459,038 | ||||||||||||
INR | 417,544 | 282,510 | 52,755 | 68,966 | ||||||||||||
PKR | 63,445 | 25,475 | 277 | 4,503 | ||||||||||||
MGA | 240,233 | 2,223,307 | 92,979 | — | ||||||||||||
JPY | 520 | 520 | 20,006,730 | 30,012,000 | ||||||||||||
KZT | 720,121 | 722,691 | — | — | ||||||||||||
GBP | 6 | — | 253 | 160 | ||||||||||||
CHF | — | — | 223 | — | ||||||||||||
AED | 220 | 247 | 1,829 | 1,383 | ||||||||||||
SEK | — | — | 1,105 | 457 |
If Won depreciates against U.S. dollar and all other foreign currencies held by us by 10% and all other variables are held constant from their levels as of December 31, 2012,2013, we estimate that our unrealized foreign exchange translation losses will increase by Won 1,0651,200 billion in 2013.2014. Such sensitivity analysis is conducted for monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies other than functional currency as of December 31, 20122013 and 2011,2012, before accounting for swap transactions. To manage our foreign currency risk related to foreign currency denominatedcurrency-denominated receivables and payables, we have a policy of entering into currency forward agreements. In addition, to manage our foreign currency risk related to foreign currency denominatedcurrency-denominated expected sales transactions and purchase transactions, we enter into cross-currency swap agreements.
We are exposed to interest rate risk due to its borrowing with floating interest rates. If interest rates increase by 1% on all of our borrowings and debentures bearing variable interest and all other variables are held constant
as of December 31, 2012,2013, we estimate that our income before income taxes will decrease by Won 7873.5 billion (not reflecting the fact that a portion of such interest may be capitalized under IFRS) in 2013.2014. Such sensitivity analysis does not take into consideration interest rate swap transactions. To manage our interest rate risks, we, in addition to maintaining an appropriate mix of fixed and floating rate loans, have entered into certain interest rate swap agreements.
We are exposed to electricity rates risk due to the rate regulation by the Government, which considers the effect of electricity rate changes on the national economy. If the electricity rate rises by 1% and all other variables are held constant as of December 31, 2012,2013, we estimate that our income before income taxes will increase by Won 460511.1 billion in 2013.2014.
We are exposed to fuel price risks due to the heavy influence of fuel costs on our sales and cost of sales. If the fuel prices of anthracite and bituminous coal, oil, LNG and others used for generation by us and our generation subsidiaries rise by 1% and all other variables are held constant as of December 31, 2012,2013, we estimate that our income before income taxes will decrease by Won 238242 billion in 2013.2014.
The above discussion and the estimated amounts generated from the sensitivity analyzes referred to above include “forward-looking statements,” which assume for analytical purposes that certain market conditions may occur. Accordingly, such forward-looking statements should not be considered projections by us of future events or losses.
See Note 4344 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements included in this annual report for further related information.
ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
Item 12D. American Depositary Shares
Under the terms of the Deposit Agreement in respect of our ADSs, the holder and beneficiary owners of ADSs, any party depositing or withdrawing or surrendering ADSs or ADRs, whichever applicable, may be required to pay the following fees and charges to JPMorgan Chase Bank acting as depositary for our ADSs:
Item | Services | Fees | ||
1 | Taxes and other governmental charges | As applicable | ||
2 | Registration of transfer of common shares generally on our shareholders’ register, any institution authorized under the applicable law to effect book-entry transfers of securities (including Korea Securities Depositary), or any entity that presently carries out the duties of registrar for the common shares, and applicable to transfers of common shares to the name of the Depositary or its nominee on the making of deposits or withdrawals | A fee of $1.50 or less per ADS | ||
3 | Cable, telex and facsimile transmission expenses | As applicable | ||
4 | Expenses incurred by the Depositary in the conversion of foreign currency | As applicable | ||
5 | Execution and delivery of ADRs and the surrender of ADRs | Fee of $0.05 or less per ADS | ||
6 | Cash distribution made by the Depositary or its agent | Fee of $0.02 or less per ADS |
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7 | Fee for the distribution of proceeds of sales of securities or rights for distribution other than cash, common shares or rights to subscribe for shares, distribution in shares or distribution in rights to subscribe for shares | Lesser of (i) the fee for the execution and delivery of ADRs referred to above which would have been charged as a result of the deposit by the holders of securities or common shares received in exercise of rights distributed to them, but which securities or rights are instead sold by the Depositary and the net proceeds distributed and (ii) the amount of such proceeds | ||
8 | Depositary services performed in administering the ADRs (which fee shall be assessed against holders of ADSs as of the record date or dates and shall be payable at the sole discretion of the Depositary by billing such holders or by deducting such charge from one or more cash dividends or other cash distributions) | Fee of US$0.02 or less per ADS per calendar year |
Depositary fees payable upon the issuance and cancellation of ADSs are typically paid to the depositary by the brokers (on behalf of their clients) receiving the newly-issued ADSs from the depositary and by the brokers (on behalf of their clients) delivering the ADSs to the depositary for cancellation. The brokers in turn charge these transaction fees to their clients.
Depositary fees payable in connection with distributions of cash or securities to ADS holders and the depositary services fee are charged by the depositary to the holders of record of ADSs as of the applicable ADS record date. The depositary fees payable for cash distributions are generally deducted from the cash being
distributed. In the case of distributions other than cash (i.e., stock dividends, rights offerings), the depositary charges the applicable fee to the ADS record date holders concurrent with the distribution. In the case of ADSs registered in the name of the investor (whether certificated or un-certificated in direct registration), the depositary sends invoices to the applicable record date ADS holders. In the case of ADSs held in brokerage and custodian accounts via the central clearing and settlement system, Thethe Depository Trust Company (“DTC”), the depositary generally collects its fees through the systems provided by DTC (whose nominee is the registered holder of the ADSs held in DTC) from the brokers and custodians holding ADSs in their DTC accounts. The brokers and custodians who hold their clients’ ADSs in DTC accounts in turn charge their clients’ accounts the amount of the fees paid to the depositary.
In the event of refusal to pay the depositary fees, the depositary may, under the terms of the Deposit Agreement, refuse the requested service until payment is received or may set-off the amount of the depositary fees from any distribution to be made to the ADS holder.
The fees and charges the ADS holders may be required to pay may vary over time and may be changed by us and by the depositary. The ADS holders will receive prior notice of such changes.
Depositary Payments for the Fiscal Year 20122013
The following table sets forth our expenses incurred in 2012,2013, which were reimbursed by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., acting as depositary for our ADSs:
(In thousands of U.S. dollars) | ||||
Reimbursement of listing fees on the New York Stock Exchange | US$ | |||
Reimbursement of legal fees | ||||
Reimbursement of accounting fees | ||||
Contributions towards our investor relations and other financing efforts (including investor conferences, non-deal roadshows and market information services) | ||||
Other | ||||
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Total | US$ | | ||
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ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES
Not applicable.
ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Not applicable.
ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Disclosure Control
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, we have evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of December 31, 2012.2013. There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and procedures, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures. Accordingly, even effective disclosure controls and procedures can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives. Based upon our evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 20122013 were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file and submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the applicable rules and forms, and that it is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decision regarding required disclosure.
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act, for our company. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, we have evaluated the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 20122013 based on the framework established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.Commission (1992). Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of a company’s assets, (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that a company’s receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of a company’s management and directors, and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of a company’s assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, a system of internal control over financial reporting can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to consolidated financial statement preparation and presentation and may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
As required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and related rules as promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission, management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 20122013 using criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.Commission (1992). Based on this evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 20122013 based on the criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
The effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting has been audited by Deloitte Anjin LLC, an independent registered public accounting firm, who has also audited our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2012.Commission (1992).
AttestationAudit Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Deloitte Anjin LLCKPMG Samjong Accounting Corp. has issued an attestationaudit report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, under Auditing Standard No. 5 of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, which is included elsewhere in this annual report.
Changes in Internal Controls
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the year ended December 31, 20122013 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
We operate an integrated ERP system for a transparent and efficient management of the core ERP components, including personnel, accounting, procurement, construction and facilities maintenance. In addition, we also operate a strategic enterprise management system that includes business warehouse, management information and business planning and simulation systems. We continue to upgrade and improve the ERP system, which is being used as our core information infrastructure.
ITEM 16A. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT
Our board of directors has determined that we have at least one “audit committee financial expert” as such term is defined by the regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission issued pursuant to Section 407 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Our audit committee financial expert is Nam, Dong-Kyoon.Cho, Jeon-Hyeok. Such member currently remains a member of the audit committee and is independent within the meaning of the Korea Stock Exchange listing standards, the regulations promulgated under the Enforcement Decree of the Korean Commercial Code and the New York Stock Exchange listing standards. For biographic information of our audit committee financial expert, Nam, Dong-Kyoon,Cho, Jeon-Hyeok, see Item 6A. “Directors and Senior Management.”
We have adopted a code of ethics for our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions as required under Section 406 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, together with an insider reporting system in compliance with Section 301 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The code of ethics is available on our website www.kepco.co.kr. We have not granted any waiver, including an implicit waiver, from a provision of the code of ethics to any of the above-mentioned officers during our most recently completed fiscal year.
ITEM 16C. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANTAUDITOR FEES AND SERVICES
The following table sets forth the aggregate fees billed for each of the years ended December 31, 20112012 and 20122013 for professional services rendered by our principal accountantsauditors for such year, for various types of services and a brief description of the nature of such services. Deloitte Anjin LLC, a member firm of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, was our principal accountant for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012, and we currently expect them to serve as our principal accountantauditor for the year ended December 31, 2013.2012. KPMG Samjong
Accounting Corp., a Korean independent registered public accounting firm, was our principal auditor for the year ended December 31, 2013 and we currently expect KPMG Samjong Accounting Corp. to serve as our principal auditor for the year ended December 31, 2014.
Aggregate fees billed during the Year Ended December 31, | Aggregate Fees Billed During | |||||||||||||||||||
Type of services | 2011 (Deloitte Anjin) | 2012 (Deloitte Anjin) | Nature of services | |||||||||||||||||
Type of Services | 2012 | 2013 | Nature of Services | |||||||||||||||||
(In millions of Won) | (In millions of Won) | |||||||||||||||||||
Audit Fees | ₩ | 3,100 | ₩ | 3,109 | Audit service for KEPCO and its subsidiaries. | ₩ | 3,109 | ₩ | 2,979 | Audit service for KEPCO and its subsidiaries. | ||||||||||
Audit-Related Fees | 87 | 355 | Accounting advisory service. | 355 | 94 | Accounting advisory service. | ||||||||||||||
Tax Fees | 5 | — | Tax return and consulting advisory service. | — | 35 | Tax return and consulting advisory service. | ||||||||||||||
All Other Fees | — | — | All other services which do not meet the three categories above. | — | 496 | All other services which do not meet the three categories above. | ||||||||||||||
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Total | ₩ | 3,192 | ₩ | 3,464 | ₩ | 3,464 | ₩ | 3,604 | ||||||||||||
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United States law and regulations in effect since May 6, 2003 generally require all engagementsservice of the principal accountantsauditors be pre-approved by an independent audit committee or, if no such committee exists with respect to an issuer, by the entire board of directors. We have adopted the following policies and procedures for consideration and approval of requests to engage our principal accountantsauditors to perform audit and non-audit services. If the request relates to services that would impair the independence of our principal accountants,auditors, the request must be rejected. If the engagementservice request relates to audit and permitted non-audit services for us and our subsidiaries, it must be forwarded to our audit committee and receive pre-approval.
In addition, United States law and regulations permit the pre-approval requirement to be waived with respect to engagements for non-audit services aggregating no more than five percent of the total amount of revenues we paid to our principal accountants,auditors, if such engagements were not recognized by us at the time of engagement and were promptly brought to the attention of our audit committee or a designated member thereof and approved prior to the completion of the audit.
ITEM 16D. EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEE
Not applicable.
ITEM 16E. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS
Neither we nor any “affiliated purchaser,” as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) of the Exchange Act, purchased any of our equity securities during the period covered by this annual report.
ITEM 16F. CHANGE IN REGISTRANT’S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANTS
Not applicable.Due to the expiration of the term of the appointment of Deloitte Anjin LLC as the independent registered public accounting firm for us and our certain other subsidiaries, including KHNP, as of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012, we appointed KPMG Samjong Accounting Corp. as the independent registered public accounting firm for us and KHNP for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, effective from January 1, 2013. The decision to make such appointment was approved at our audit committee meeting on March 27, 2013.
The foregoing decision to change the independent registered public accounting firm was made pursuant to the rules of the Board of Audit and Inspection, a Government agency, relating to audits of public enterprises, under which a public accounting firm may not audit a public enterprise (including us and KHNP) for a term exceeding six consecutive years. The fiscal year 2012 marked the sixth year of audit by Deloitte Anjin LLC of us and KHNP.
The consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012, before the effects of the retrospective adjustments to apply the changes in accounting described in Note 2 thereto and the retrospective adjustments to the disclosures for a change in the composition of segments discussed in Note 4 thereto, were audited by Deloitte Anjin LLC. Deloitte Anjin LLC’s engagement as our independent registered public accounting firm was terminated after the completion of the audit of our consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2012. The audit report of Deloitte Anjin LLC on our consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012, before the effects of the adjustments discussed in Note 2 and Note 4 thereto, prepared in accordance with IFRS did not contain an adverse opinion or a disclaimer of opinion and was not qualified or modified as to uncertainty, audit scope or accounting principles. Furthermore, in connection with the audit of our consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012, before the effects of the adjustments discussed in Note 2 and Note 4 thereto, there were no disagreements (as described in Item 16F(a)(1)(iv) of Form 20-F) with Deloitte Anjin LLC on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure or auditing scope or procedure, which disagreements, if not resolved to the satisfaction of Deloitte Anjin LLC, would have caused Deloitte Anjin LLC to make reference to the subject matter of the disagreement in connection with their reports. In addition, we confirm that between January 1, 2011 and the date of the termination of Deloitte Anjin’s engagement as our independent registered public accounting firm, there were no “reportable events” requiring disclosure pursuant to Item 16F(a)(1)(v) of Form 20-F. The foregoing also applies in the same way to KHNP’s consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012, before the effects of the adjustments discussed in Note 2 thereto, and the audit report of Deloitte Anjin LLC thereon; and KHNP also did not have any disagreements with Deloitte Anjin LLC as to the matters mentioned above and there were similarly no reportable events as applies to KHNP.
Between January 1, 2011 and the date of appointment of KPMG Samjong Accounting Corp. as our independent registered public accounting firm, neither we nor anyone on our behalf consulted with KPMG Samjong Accounting Corp. with respect to either (1) the application of accounting principles to a specified transaction, either completed or proposed, or the type of audit opinion that might be rendered on our consolidated financial statements, and neither a written report nor oral advice was provided to us that KPMG Samjong Accounting Corp. concluded was an important factor considered by us in reaching a decision as to any accounting, auditing or financial reporting issue or (2) any matter that was either the subject of a disagreement, as defined in Item 16F(a)(1)(iv) of Form 20-F and the related instructions to Item 16F, or a reportable event, as described in Item 16F(a)(1)(v) of Form 20-F. Similarly, neither KHNP nor anyone on its behalf consulted with KPMG Samjong Accounting Corp. with respect to the matters mentioned above.
We provided a copy of this disclosure to Deloitte Anjin LLC and requested that Deloitte Anjin LLC furnish us with a letter addressed to the SEC stating whether or not it agrees with the statements made above. A copy of Deloitte Anjin LLC’s letter addressed to the SEC dated April 30, 2013 is attached to this annual report as Exhibit 15.5.
ITEM 16G. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
We are committed to high standards of corporate governance. We are in compliance with the corporate governance provisions of the KEPCO Act, the Public Agencies Management Act, the Korean Commercial Code,
the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act of Korea and the Listing Rules of the Korea Exchange. We, like all other companies in Korea, must comply with the corporate governance provisions under the Korean Commercial Code, except to the extent the KEPCO Act and the Public Agencies Management Act otherwise require. In addition, as a listed company, we are subject to the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act of Korea, unless the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act of Korea otherwise provides.
The Public Agencies Management Act
On April 1, 2007, the Government-InvestedGovernment-invested Enterprise Management Basic Act, which was enacted in 1984, was abolished and the Public Agencies Management Act took effect. Unless stated otherwise, the Public Agencies
Management Act takes precedence over any other laws and regulations in the event of inconsistency. Under this Act, the minister of the Ministry of Strategy and Finance designated us as a “market-oriented public enterprise,” as defined under this Act, on April 2, 2007, and we became subject to this Act accordingly.
The Public Agencies Management Act requires a number of changes in the appointment process for our executive officers, which we have incorporated in our amendment to our Articles of Incorporation in September 2007. A senior non-standing director appointed by the minister of the Ministry of Strategy and Finance becomes our chairman of the board following the review and resolution of the Public Agencies Operating Committee. Our president is appointed by the President of the Republic upon the motion of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy following the nomination by our director nomination committee, the review and resolution of the Public Agencies Operating Committee pursuant to the Public Agencies Management Act and an approval at the general meeting of our shareholders. Standing directors other than our president must be appointed by our president with the approval at the general meeting of our shareholders from a pool of candidates recommended by our director nomination committee. Prior to the enactment of the Act, standing directors were appointed directly by the minister of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy. The non-standing directors must be appointed by the minister of the Ministry of Strategy and Finance following the review and resolution of the Public Agencies Operating Committee from a pool of candidates recommended by the director nomination committee and must have ample knowledge and experience in business management. Government officials that are not part of the teaching staff in national and public schools are ineligible to become our non-standing directors.
Under the Public Agencies Management Act and our Articles of Incorporation, the term of office for directors that are appointed after the effective date of such act, or April 1, 2007, is three years for the president and two years for other directors. The directors may be reappointed for an additional term of one year. In order to be reappointed, the president must be evaluated on the basis of his management performance; a standing director, on the basis of the performance of the duties for which he was elected to perform, or if the standing director has executed an incentive bonus contract, on the basis of his performance under the contract; and a non-standing director, on the basis of his performance of the duties for which he was elected to perform.
Under the Public Agencies Management Act and our Articles of Incorporation, a recommendation from the director nomination committee is required for the appointment of our executive officers, except in the case of reappointments. The director nomination committee consists of five to fifteen members, including private-sector members appointed by the board of directors. Non-standing directors must comprise at least the majority of the director nomination committee. One of the private-sector members must be able to represent our opinion and must not be currently employed by us. As required under the Public Agencies Management Act, we established an audit committee. At least two-thirds of the audit committee members must be non-standing directors, and at least one committee member must be an expert in finance or accounting. According to the Public Agencies Management Act, our president’s term cannot be terminated unless done so by the President of the Republic pursuant to the Public Agencies Management Act or upon an event as specified in our Articles of Incorporation.
As required under Public Agencies Management Act, we submit to the Government by October 31 every year a report on our medium- to long-term management goals. Under the Public Agencies Management Act, we
are also required to give separate public notice of important management matters, such as our budget and financial statements, status of directors and annual reports. In addition, for purposes of providing a comparison of the management performances of government agencies, we are required to post on a designated website a notice on a standard form detailing our management performance. Following consultation with the minister of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy and the review and resolution of the operating committee, the Ministry of Strategy and Finance must examine the adequacy and competency of government agencies and establish plans on merger, abolishment, restructuring and privatization of public agencies. In such case, the minister of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy must execute these plans and submit a performance report to the Ministry of Strategy and Finance.
The Korea Electric Power Corporation Act and other laws that had conflicted with the Public Agencies Management Act were amended on May 17, 2010. We amended our Articles of Incorporation to reflect the relevant provisions of the Public Agencies Management Act at a general meeting of our shareholders resolution on September 7, 2007. We also revised our internal regulations as necessary to comply with the Public Agencies Management Act.
On January 24, 2011, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy changed the designation of our generation subsidiaries from “other public institutions” to “market-oriented public enterprise”.enterprises.” As “other public institutions” under the provisions of the Public Agencies Management Act, our generation subsidiaries were not
subject to the same regulations applicable to us with regards to corporate governance matters such as the appointment and dismissal of directors and the composition of the boards of directors. However, as market-oriented public enterprises, our generation subsidiaries are currently subject to the same corporate governance rules applicable to us. All of our generation subsidiaries accordingly amended their respective articles of incorporation in 2011 and are subject to the same system of regulations applicable to us.
Differences in Korean/New York Stock Exchange Corporate Governance Practices
We are a “foreign private issuer” (as such term is defined in Rule 3b-4 under the Exchange Act), and our ADSs are listed on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE. Under Section 303A of the NYSE Listed Company Manual, NYSE-listed companies that are foreign private issuers are permitted to follow home country practice in lieu of the corporate governance provisions specified by the NYSE with limited exceptions. Under the NYSE Listed Company Manual, we as a foreign private issuersissuer are required to disclose significant differences between NYSE’s corporate governance standards and those we follow under Korean law. The following summarizes some significant ways in which our corporate governance practices differ from those followed by U.S. companies listed on the NYSE under the listing rules of the NYSE:
Majority of Independent Directors on the Board
Under the NYSE listing rules, U.S. companies listed on the NYSE must have a board the majority of which is comprised of independent directors satisfying the requirements of “independence” as set forth in Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act. No director qualifies as “independent” unless the board of directors affirmatively determines that the director has no material relationship with the listed company (either directly or as a partner, shareholder or officer of an organization that has a relationship with us). The NYSE rules include detailed tests for determining director independence. While as a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from this requirement, our board of directors is in compliance with this requirement as it currently consists of 15 directors, of which eight directors satisfy the requirements of “independence” as set forth in Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act. U.S. companies listed on the NYSE are required to adopt and disclose corporate governance guidelines. Under the Public Agencies Management Act, more than one-half of our directors must be non-standing directors. The Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act of Korea deems a non-standing director nominated pursuant to other applicable laws (such as the Public Agencies Management Act) as an “outside” or “non-executive” director. Under the Public Agencies Management Act, a non-standing director is appointed by the Ministry of Strategy and Finance following the review and resolution of the Public Agencies Operating
Committee from a pool of candidates recommended by the director nomination committee and must have ample knowledge and experience in business management. Government officials that are not part of the teaching staff in national and public schools are ineligible to become our non-standing directors.
Executive Session
Under the NYSE listing rules, non-management directors of U.S. companies listed on the NYSE are required to meet on a regular basis without management present and independent directors must meet separately at least once per year. While no such requirement currently exists under applicable Korean law, listing standards or our Articles of Incorporation, exclusive sessions were held quarterly in 20122013 in order to promote the exchange of diverse opinions by non-standing directors.
Audit Committee
Under the NYSE listing rules, listed companies must have an audit committee that has a minimum of three members, and all audit committee members must satisfy the requirements of independence set forth in Section 303A.02 of the NYSE Listed Company Manual and Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act. We are in compliance with this requirement as our audit committee is comprised of three outside directors meeting the requirements of independence set forth in Section 303A.02 of the NYSE Listed Company Manual and
Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act. The audit committee must be directly responsible for the appointment, compensation, retention and oversight of the work of the independent registered public accountants. Consistent with the application of the legal requirements then in effect, in June 2005, we amended our Articles of Incorporation, among others, to comply with the general exemptions provided under the audit committee requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, embodied in Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act and established aOur board of auditors consisting of one standing auditor and two non-standing auditors. Beginning in the second half of 2005, our board of auditors performedperforms the roles and responsibilities required of an audit committee under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, including the supervision of the audit by the independent registered public accountants. Under the Korea Exchange listing rules and the Korean Commercial Code, a large listed company must also establish an audit committee of which at least two-thirds of its members must be outside directors and whose chairman must be an outside director. In addition, at least one member of the audit committee who is an outside director must also be an accounting or financial expert. Currently, our audit committee consists of three independent directors, and our audit committee is in compliance with the foregoing requirements under the NYSE listing rules, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Korea Exchange listing rules and the Korean Commercial Code.
Nomination/Corporate Governance Committee
Under the NYSE listing rules, U.S. companies listed on the NYSE must have a nomination/corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors. In addition to identifying individuals qualified to become board members, this committee must develop and recommend to the board a set of corporate governance principles. Under the Public Agencies Management Act, we are required to have a director nomination committee which consists of non-standing directors and ad hoc members appointed by our Board of Directors. Our standing directors and executives as well as governmental officials that are not part of the teaching staff in national and public schools are ineligible to become a member of our director nomination committee. There is no requirement to establish a corporate governance committee under applicable Korean law.
Pursuant to the NYSE listing standards, non-management directors must meet on a regular basis without management present and independent directors must meet separately at least once per year. No such requirement currently exists under applicable Korean law.
Compensation Committee
Under the NYSE listing rules, U.S. companies listed on the NYSE are required to have a compensation committee which is composed entirely of independent directors. In January 2013, the SEC approved amendments
to the listing rules of NYSE and NASDAQ regarding the independence of compensation committee members and the appointment, payment and oversight of compensation consultants. The listing rules were adopted as required by Section 952 of the Dodd-Frank Act and rule 10C-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which direct the national securities exchanges to prohibit the listing of any equity security of a company that is not in compliance with the rule’s compensation committee director and advisor independence requirements. Certain elements of the listing rules will becomebecame effective on July 1, 2013.2013 and companies listed on the NYSE must comply with such listing rules by the earlier of the company’s first annual meeting after January 15 or October 31, 2014.
No such requirement currently exists under applicable Korean law or listing standards, and we currently do not have a compensation committee.
Corporate Governance Guidelines and Code of Business Conduct and Ethics
Under the NYSE listing rules, U.S. companies listed on the NYSE are required to establish corporate governance guidelines and to adopt a code of business conduct and ethics for directors, officers and employees, and promptly disclose any waivers of the code for directors or executive officers. As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from this requirement. Pursuant to the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, we have adopted a code of ethics applicable to our President & Chief Executive Officer and all other directors and executive officers including the Chief Financial Officer and the Chief Accounting Officer, as well as all financial, accounting and other officers that are involved in the preparation and disclosure of our consolidated financial statements and internal control of financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We have also adopted
an insider reporting system in compliance with Section 301 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The code of ethics applicable to our executive officers as well as the financial officers of the holding company and its subsidiaries are available on www.kepco.co.kr.
Shareholder Approval of Equity Compensation Plans
Under the NYSE listing rules, shareholders of U.S. companies listed on the NYSE are required to approve all equity compensation plans. Under Korean law and regulations, stock options can be granted to employees to the extent expressly permitted by the articles of incorporation. We currently don’t have any equity compensation plans.
Annual Certification of Compliance
Under the NYSE listing rules, a chief executive officer of a U.S. company listed on the NYSE must annually certify that he or she is not aware of any violation by the company of NYSE corporate governance standards. As a foreign private issuer, we are not subject to this requirement. However, in accordance with rules applicable to both U.S. companies and foreign private issuers, we are required to promptly notify the NYSE in writing if any executive officer becomes aware of any material noncompliance with the NYSE corporate governance standards applicable to us. In addition, foreign private issuers, including us, are required to submit to the NYSE an annual written affirmation relating to compliance with Sections 303A.06 and 303A.11 of the NYSE listed company manual, which are the NYSE corporate governance standards applicable to foreign private issuers. All written affirmations must be executed in the form provided by the NYSE, without modification. An annual written affirmation is required to be submitted to the NYSE within 30 days of filing with the SEC our annual report on Form 20-F. We have been in compliance with this requirement in all material respects and plan to submit such affirmation within the prescribed time line.
Whistle Blower Protection
On May 25, 2011, the SEC adopted final rules to implement whistleblower provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act, which are applicable to foreign private issuers with securities registered under the U.S. securities laws. The final rules provide that any eligible whistleblower who voluntarily provides the SEC with original information that leads to the successful enforcement of an action brought by the SEC under U.S. securities laws must receive
an award of between 10 and 30 percent of the total monetary sanctions collected if the sanctions exceed $1,000,000. An eligible whistleblower is defined as someone who provides information about a possible violation of the securities laws that he or she reasonably believes has occurred, is ongoing, or is about to occur. The possible violation does not need to be material, probably or even likely, but the information must have a “facially plausible relationship to some securities law violation”; frivolous submissions would not qualify. The final rules also prohibit retaliation against the whistleblower. While the final rules do not require employees to first report allegations of wrongdoing through a company’s corporate compliance system, they do seek to incentivize whistleblowers to utilize internal corporate compliance first by, among other things, (i) giving employees who first report information internally the benefit of the internal reporting date for purposes of the SEC program so long as the whistleblower submits the same information to the SEC within 120 days of the initial disclosure; (ii) clarifying that the SEC will consider, as part of the criteria for determining the amount of a whistleblower’s award, whether the whistleblower effectively utilized the company’s corporate compliance program or hindered the function of the program; and (iii) crediting a whistleblower who reports internally first and whose company passes the information along to the SEC, which would mean the whistleblower could receive a potentially higher award for information gathered in an internal investigation initiated as a result of the whistleblower’s internal report.
In addition, the final rules address concerns that the whistleblower rules incentivize officers, directors and those with legal, audit, compliance or similar responsibilities to abuse these positions by making whistleblower
complaints to the SEC with respect to information they obtained in these roles by generally providing that information obtained through a communication subject to attorney-client privilege or as a result of legal representation would not be eligible for a whistleblower award unless disclosure would be permitted by attorney conduct rules. Accordingly, officers and directors, auditors and compliance personnel and other persons in similar roles would not be eligible to receive awards for information received in these positions unless (x) they have a reasonable basis to believe that (1) disclosure of the information is necessary to prevent the entity from engaging in conduct that is likely to cause substantial injury to the financial interests of the entity or investors; or (2) the entity is engaging in conduct that will impede an investigation of the misconduct, for example, destroying documents or improperly influencing witnesses; or (y) 120 days hashave passed since the whistleblower provided the information to senior responsible persons at the entity or 120 days hashave passed since the whistleblower received the information at a time when these people were already aware of the information.
In Korea, there is no corresponding law or regulation.
ITEM 16H. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
Reference is made to Item 19 “Exhibits” for a list of all financial statements and schedules filed as part of this annual report.
(a) Financial Statements filed as part of this Annual Report
See Index to Financial Statements on page F-1 of this annual report.
(b) Exhibits filed as part of this Annual Report
See Index of Exhibits beginning on page E-1 of this annual report.
SIGNATURES
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this Annual Report on its behalf.
KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION | ||
By: | /s/ Cho, Hwan-Eik | |
Name: | Cho, Hwan-Eik | |
Title: | President and Chief Executive Officer | |
Date: | April 30, |
Page | ||||
F-2 | ||||
F-3 | ||||
F-5 | ||||
| F-7 | |||
F-8 | ||||
F-9 | ||||
F-11 | ||||
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 | F-16 | |||
Notes to the |
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC
ACCOUNTING FIRM ON CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
To the Shareholdersshareholders and Board of Directors of
Korea Electric Power Corporation:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statementsstatement of financial position of Korea Electric Power Corporation (the “Company”) and subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the “Company”) as of December 31, 2012, December 31, 2011,2013, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss), changes in equity and cash flows, all expressed in Korean Won, for each of the three years in the periodyear ended December 31, 2012.2013. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.audit. We did not audit the financial statements of certainKorea East-West Power Co., Ltd., a consolidated subsidiariessubsidiary, whose financial statements reflect 4.7 and 4.4comprise 3.93 percent of consolidated total assets (prior to inter-company eliminations) as of December 31, 20122013 and 2011, respectively, and 9.5, 10.1 and 10.55.90 percent of consolidated total revenue (prior to inter-company eliminations) for each of the three years in the periodyear ended December 31, 2012.2013. Those financial statements were audited by other auditors whose report has been furnished to us, and our opinion, insofar as it relates to the amounts included for Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd., isare based solely on the report of the other auditors. The accompanying consolidated financial statements of Korea Electric Power Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2012, and for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012, were audited by other auditors whose report thereon dated April 30, 2013, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements, before the retrospective presentation of the power generation maintenance operating segment as a reportable segment as described in note 4 to the consolidated financial statements and the reclassification adjustments to present accrued incentive compensation as provisions instead of trade accounts payable and other as described in note 2.
We conducted our auditsaudit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our auditsaudit and the report of the other auditors provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, based on our auditsaudit and the report of the other auditors, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Korea Electric Power Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2012 and 20112013 and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the periodyear then ended, December 31, 2012, in conformity with the International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting StandardStandards Board.
We have audited the retrospective presentation in 2011 and 2012 of the plant maintenance & engineering service operating segment as a reportable segment as described in note 4 and the reclassification adjustments to present accrued incentive compensation as provisions instead of trade accounts payable and other as described in note 2. In our opinion, such retrospective reportable segment presentation and reclassification adjustments are appropriate and have been properly applied. We were not engaged to audit, review, or apply any procedures to the 2011 and 2012 consolidated financial statements of the Company other than with respect to the retrospective reportable segment presentation and reclassification adjustments and, accordingly, we do not express an opinion or any other form of assurance on the 2011 and 2012 consolidated financial statements of the Company taken as a whole.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012,2013, based on the criteria established inInternal Control—Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated April 30, 20132014 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, based on our audit and the report of the other auditors.
/s/ Deloitte Anjin LLCKPMG Samjong Accounting Corp.
Seoul, Korea
April 30, 20132014
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM ON
INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of
Korea Electric Power Corporation:
We have audited Korea Electric Power Corporation and subsidiaries’ (collectively referred to as theCorporation’s (the “Company”) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012,2013, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We did not examineaudit the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of certain subsidiariesKorea East-West Power Co., Ltd., a consolidated subsidiary, whose financial statements reflect total assets and revenues constituting 4.73.93 percent and 9.55.90 percent, respectively, of the related consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for the year ended December 31, 2012. The effectiveness of certain consolidated subsidiaries’2013. Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd.’s internal control over financial reporting was audited by other auditors whose report has been furnished to us, and our opinion, insofar as it relates to the effectiveness of certain consolidated subsidiaries’Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd’s internal control over financial reporting, is based solely on the report of the other auditors.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit and the report of other auditors providesprovide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’sgroup’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of the inherent limitations, of internal control over financial reporting including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be preventedprevent or detected on a timely basis.detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, based on our audit and the report of the other auditors, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012,2013, based on the criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We also have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2012,2013, all expressed in Korean won, of the Company and our report dated April 30, 20132014 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements, based on our audit and the report of the other auditors.
/s/ KPMG Samjong Accounting Corp.
Seoul, Korea
April 30, 2014
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Korea Electric Power Corporation:
We have audited, before the effects of the retrospective adjustments to apply the changes in accounting described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements and the retrospective adjustments to the disclosures for a change in the composition of segments discussed in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements, the consolidated statements of financial position of Korea Electric Power Corporation and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2012, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in equity, and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 (the 2011 and 2012 consolidated financial statements before the effects of the adjustments discussed in Note 2 and Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements are not presented herein). These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We did not audit the financial statements of certain consolidated subsidiaries whose financial statements reflect 4.7 percent of consolidated total assets as of December 31, 2012 and 9.5 and 10.1 percent of consolidated total revenue for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2011 and 2012. Those statements were audited by other auditors whose report has been furnished to us, and our opinion, insofar as it relates to the amounts included for Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd., is based solely on the report of the other auditors.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, based on our audits and the report of the other auditors, such consolidated financial statements, before the effects of retrospective adjustment for the change in accounting described in Note 2 and retrospective adjustment for a change in segments discussed in Note 4, present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Korea Electric Power Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2012 and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2011 and 2012, in conformity with the International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”).
We were not engaged to audit, review, or apply any procedures to the retrospective adjustments for the changes in accounting described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, and the retrospective adjustments to the disclosures for a change in the composition of segments discussed in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements and, accordingly, we do not express on opinion or any other form of assurance about whether such retrospective adjustments are appropriate and have been properly applied. Those retrospective adjustments were audited by other auditor.
/s/ Deloitte Anjin LLC
Seoul, Korea
April 30, 2013
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting FirmREPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors and Stockholder
Korea South-EastEast-West Power Co., Ltd.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statementsstatement of financial position of Korea South-EastEast-West Power Co., Ltd. and subsidiaries (the “Company”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Korea Electric Power Corporation as of December 31, 2012 and 2011,2013 and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the periodyear ended December 31, 2012.2013. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.audit.
We conducted our auditsaudit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provideaudit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Korea South-EastEast-West Power Co., Ltd. and subsidiaries as atof December 31, 20122013 and 2011 and thetheir consolidated results of its financial performance,operations, and their cash flows for each of the three years in the periodyear ended December 31, 2012,2013, in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting StandardStandards Board.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Korea South-EastEast-West Power Co., Ltd’sLtd.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012,2013, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (1992 framework) and our report dated April 29, 201330, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young Han Young
April 29, 201330, 2014
Seoul, Republic of Korea
This audit report is effective as at April 29, 2013 the independent auditors’ report date. Accordingly, certain material subsequent events or circumstances may have occurred during the period from the auditors’ report date to the time this audit report is used. Such events and circumstances could significantly affect the accompanying consolidated financial statements and may result in modifications to this report.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control over Financial ReportingREPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
To theThe Board of Directors and Stockholder of
Korea South-EastEast-West Power Co., Ltd.
We have audited Korea South-EastEast-West Power Co., Ltd.’s (the “Company”) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012,2013, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (1992 framework) (the “COSO criteria”). Korea South-EastEast-West Power Co., Ltd.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, Korea South-EastEast-West Power Co., Ltd. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012,2013, based on the COSO criteria.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the accompanyingconsolidated statement of financial position of Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. as of December 31, 2013 and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2013 and our report dated April 30, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young Han Young
April 30, 2014
Seoul, Republic of Korea
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors and Stockholder
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd.
We have audited the consolidated statements of financial position of Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2012. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. as at December 31, 2012 and 2011 and the consolidated results of its financial performance, and its cash flows for each of the threetwo years in the period ended December 31, 2012, and our report dated April 29, 2013 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.
/s/ Ernst & Young Han Young
April 29, 2013
Seoul, Republic of Korea
KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITIONConsolidated Statements of Financial Position
AS OF DECEMBERAs of December 31, 2012 AND 2011and 2013
Notes | Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | Note | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(KRW in millions) | In millions of won | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CURRENT ASSETS: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 5,6,7,43 | ₩ | 1,954,949 | ₩ | 1,387,921 | 5,6,7,44 | ₩ | 1,954,949 | 2,232,313 | |||||||||||||||||||
Current financial assets, net | 5,10,11,12,43 | 656,217 | 770,539 | 5,10,11,12,44 | 656,217 | 436,213 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts and other receivables, net | 5,8,14,20,43,45 | 7,184,625 | 7,274,148 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trade and other receivables, net | 5,8,14,20,44,45,46 | 7,184,625 | 7,526,311 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Inventories, net | 13 | 3,440,341 | 3,851,751 | 13 | 3,440,341 | 4,279,593 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax receivables | 39 | 30,476 | 35,801 | 30,476 | 223,803 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Current non-financial assets | 15 | 664,047 | 447,393 | 15 | 664,047 | 570,845 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations | 40 | 2,828 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current assets held for sale | 2,828 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total current assets | 13,933,483 | 15,269,078 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
13,933,483 | 13,767,553 |
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
NON-CURRENT ASSETS: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current financial assets, net | 5,6,9,10,11,12,43 | 1,873,676 | 2,199,032 | 5,6,9,10,11,12,44 | 1,873,676 | 1,902,953 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current accounts and other receivables, net | 5,8,14,43,45 | 1,254,330 | 1,284,532 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current trade and other receivables, net | 5,8,14,44,45,46 | 1,254,330 | 1,644,333 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net | 18,47 | 122,376,140 | 112,384,881 | 18,27,48 | 122,376,140 | 129,637,596 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Investment properties, net | 19 | 590,223 | 517,149 | 19,27 | 590,223 | 538,327 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets, net | 21 | 883,814 | 848,709 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Goodwill | 16 | — | 2,582 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets other than goodwill, net | 21,27 | 883,814 | 810,664 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investments in joint ventures | 4,17 | 908,593 | 767,202 | 4,17 | 908,593 | 1,106,181 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Investments in associates | 4,17 | 3,982,340 | 3,718,154 | 4,17 | 3,982,340 | 4,124,574 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred tax assets | 39 | 209,783 | 372,478 | 41 | 209,783 | 359,535 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current non-financial assets | 15 | 140,438 | 608,160 | 15 | 140,438 | 131,511 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
132,219,337 | 122,700,297 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total non-current assets | 132,219,337 | 140,258,256 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Assets | 4 | ₩ | 146,152,820 | ₩ | 136,467,850 | 4 | ₩ | 146,152,820 | 155,527,334 | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
LIABILITIES | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CURRENT LIABILITIES: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts and other payables, net | 5,22,24,43,45 | 6,418,464 | 6,576,158 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Short-term borrowings | 5,23,43 | 689,310 | 1,173,568 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trade and other payables, net | 5,22,24,44,46 | ₩ | 5,601,852 | 5,892,763 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current financial liabilities, net | 5,11,23,43,45 | 7,099,509 | 5,852,342 | 5,11,23,44,46 | 7,788,819 | 8,425,231 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax payables | 39 | 334,053 | 505,154 | 334,053 | 51,407 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Current non-financial liabilities | 20,27,28 | 4,117,440 | 3,541,562 | 20,28,29 | 4,117,440 | 4,730,631 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Current provisions | 26,43 | 158,303 | 92,383 | 26,44 | 974,915 | 1,113,817 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total current liabilities | 18,817,079 | 20,213,849 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18,817,079 | 17,741,167 |
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current accounts and other payables, net | 5,22,24,43,45 | 4,173,691 | 4,178,137 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current trade and other payables, net | 5,22,24,44,46 | 4,173,691 | 3,971,519 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current financial liabilities, net | 5,11,23,43,45 | 46,050,766 | 39,403,578 | 5,11,23,44,46 | 46,050,766 | 53,163,394 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current non-financial liabilities | 27,28 | 6,298,650 | 5,611,010 | 28,29 | 6,298,650 | 6,985,641 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Employee benefits obligations, net | 25,43 | 2,144,334 | 1,942,994 | 25,44 | 2,144,334 | 2,137,296 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred tax liabilities, net | 39 | 5,433,292 | 6,786,779 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred tax liabilities | 41 | 5,433,292 | 5,002,585 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current provisions | 26,43 | 12,170,806 | 7,000,235 | 26,44 | 12,170,806 | 12,602,314 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
76,271,539 | 64,922,733 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total non-current liabilities | 76,271,539 | 83,862,749 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Liabilities | 4 | 95,088,618 | 82,663,900 | 4 | ₩ | 95,088,618 | 104,076,598 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
(Continued)
KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION—(CONTINUED)Consolidated Statements of Financial Position—(Continued)
AS OF DECEMBERAs of December 31, 2012 DECEMBER 31, 2011and 2013
Notes | Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | ||||||||||
(KRW in millions) | ||||||||||||
EQUITY | ||||||||||||
CONTRIBUTED CAPITAL: | ||||||||||||
Shares issued | 1,29 | ₩ | 3,209,820 | ₩ | 3,209,820 | |||||||
Share premium | 29 | 843,758 | 843,758 | |||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
4,053,578 | 4,053,578 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
RETAINED EARNINGS: | ||||||||||||
Legal reserves | 30 | 1,603,919 | 1,603,919 | |||||||||
Voluntary reserves | 30 | 25,961,315 | 21,766,678 | |||||||||
Retained earnings before appropriations | 30,31 | 4,999,049 | 12,398,497 | |||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
32,564,283 | 35,769,094 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
OTHER COMPONENTS OF EQUITY: | ||||||||||||
Other capital surpluses | 32 | 705,448 | 639,028 | |||||||||
Cumulative other comprehensive income | 32 | 11,957 | 255,095 | |||||||||
Treasury stocks | 32 | (741,489 | ) | (741,489 | ) | |||||||
Other equity | 32 | 13,294,990 | 13,294,990 | |||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
13,270,906 | 13,447,624 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
EQUITY ATTRIBUTABLE TO OWNERS OF THE COMPANY | 49,888,767 | 53,270,296 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS | 1,175,435 | 533,654 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Total Equity | 43 | 51,064,202 | 53,803,950 | |||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Total Liabilities and Equity | ₩ | 146,152,820 | ₩ | 136,467,850 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
Note | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||
Equity | ||||||||||||||||
Contributed capital | 30,44 | |||||||||||||||
Share capital | ₩ | 3,209,820 | 3,209,820 | |||||||||||||
Share premium | 843,758 | 843,758 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
4,053,578 | 4,053,578 | |||||||||||||||
Retained earnings | 31 | |||||||||||||||
Legal reserves | 1,603,919 | 1,603,919 | ||||||||||||||
Voluntary reserves | 25,961,315 | 22,753,160 | ||||||||||||||
Retained earnings before appropriations | 32 | 4,999,049 | 8,409,007 | |||||||||||||
|
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|
| |||||||||||||
32,564,283 | 32,766,086 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
Other components of equity | 34 | |||||||||||||||
Other capital surpluses | 705,448 | 830,982 | ||||||||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income | 11,957 | 55,538 | ||||||||||||||
Treasury stock | (741,489 | ) | (741,489 | ) | ||||||||||||
Other equity | 13,294,990 | 13,294,973 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
13,270,906 | 13,440,004 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
Equity attributable to owners of the Company | 49,888,767 | 50,259,668 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
Non-controlling interests | 16, 33 | 1,175,435 | 1,191,068 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
Total Equity | ₩ | 51,064,202 | 51,450,736 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
Total Liabilities and Equity | ₩ | 146,152,820 | 155,527,334 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOMEConsolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBERFor the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 2011 AND 2010and 2013
Notes | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||
(KRW in millions except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||||
SALES | ||||||||||||||||
Sales of goods | 4,33,43,45 | ₩ | 46,906,587 | ₩ | 41,397,469 | ₩ | 38,004,325 | |||||||||
Sales of service | 4,33,43,45 | 357,877 | 322,616 | 747,044 | ||||||||||||
Sales of construction contracts | 4,20,33,43,45 | 1,856,045 | 1,455,132 | 755,213 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
49,120,509 | 43,175,217 | 39,506,582 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
COST OF SALES | ||||||||||||||||
Cost of sales of goods | 4,13,25,41,45 | 46,293,591 | 40,926,543 | 35,021,668 | ||||||||||||
Cost of sales of service | 4,13,25,41,45 | 470,453 | 393,049 | 414,672 | ||||||||||||
Cost of sales of construction contracts | 4,13,25,41,45 | 1,695,218 | 1,405,302 | 750,897 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
48,459,262 | 42,724,894 | 36,187,237 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
GROSS PROFIT | 661,247 | 450,323 | 3,319,345 | |||||||||||||
OTHER OPERATING INCOME | 35 | 675,000 | 598,302 | 536,915 | ||||||||||||
SELLING AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES | 4,34,41,45 | 1,780,168 | 1,751,696 | 1,644,760 | ||||||||||||
OTHER OPERATING EXPENSES | 4,35 | 74,567 | 147,595 | 69,787 | ||||||||||||
OTHER PROFIT (LOSS) | 36 | (1,781,835 | ) | 165,703 | 118,207 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS) | 4 | (2,300,323 | ) | (684,963 | ) | 2,259,920 | ||||||||||
FINANCE INCOME | 5,11,37 | 1,128,357 | 607,592 | 591,491 | ||||||||||||
FINANCE EXPENSES | 5,11,38 | 3,068,321 | 2,518,850 | 2,558,425 | ||||||||||||
PROFITS OF ASSOCIATES AND JOINT VENTURES USING EQUITY METHOD | ||||||||||||||||
Share in income of associates and joint ventures | 17 | 205,987 | 162,513 | 160,314 | ||||||||||||
Gain on disposal of associates and joint ventures | — | 3,147 | 25,975 | |||||||||||||
Share in loss of associates and joint ventures | 17 | (20,127 | ) | (42,115 | ) | (56,246 | ) | |||||||||
Loss on disposal of associates and joint ventures | (162 | ) | (450 | ) | (53,417 | ) | ||||||||||
Impairment loss on associates and joint ventures | (8,757 | ) | — | — | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
LOSS BEFORE INCOME TAX | (4,063,346 | ) | (2,473,126 | ) | 369,612 | |||||||||||
INCOME TAX EXPENSE (BENEFIT) | 39 | (985,377 | ) | 819,871 | 438,779 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
NET LOSS FOR THE YEAR | (3,077,969 | ) | (3,292,997 | ) | (69,167 | ) |
Note | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||
In millions of won, except per share information | ||||||||||||||||||||
Sales | 4,35,44,46 | |||||||||||||||||||
Sales of goods | ₩ | 41,397,469 | 46,906,587 | 51,132,803 | ||||||||||||||||
Sales of construction services | 20 | 1,455,132 | 1,856,045 | 2,253,083 | ||||||||||||||||
Sales of other services | 322,616 | 357,877 | 326,619 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
43,175,217 | 49,120,509 | 53,712,505 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Cost of sales | 13,25,42,46 | |||||||||||||||||||
Cost of sales of goods | (40,926,543 | ) | (46,293,591 | ) | (47,983,987 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Cost of sales of construction services | (1,405,302 | ) | (1,695,218 | ) | (2,159,023 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Cost of sales of other services | (393,049 | ) | (470,453 | ) | (452,628 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
(42,724,894 | ) | (48,459,262 | ) | (50,595,638 | ) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Gross profit | 450,323 | 661,247 | 3,116,867 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Selling and administrative expenses | 25,36,42,46 | (1,751,696 | ) | (1,780,168 | ) | (1,923,192 | ) | |||||||||||||
Other income | 37 | 598,302 | 675,000 | 725,457 | ||||||||||||||||
Other expenses | 37 | (147,595 | ) | (74,567 | ) | (99,811 | ) | |||||||||||||
Other gains (losses), net | 38 | 165,703 | (1,781,835 | ) | 128,514 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Operating profit (loss) | 4 | (684,963 | ) | (2,300,323 | ) | 1,947,835 | ||||||||||||||
Finance income | 5,11,39 | 607,592 | 1,128,357 | 629,542 | ||||||||||||||||
Finance expenses | 5,11,40 | (2,518,850 | ) | (3,068,321 | ) | (2,931,622 | ) | |||||||||||||
Equity method income (loss) of associates and joint ventures | 17 | |||||||||||||||||||
Share in income of associates and joint ventures | 162,513 | 205,987 | 170,399 | |||||||||||||||||
Gains on disposal of investments in associates and joint ventures | 3,147 | — | 1,725 | |||||||||||||||||
Share in loss of associates and joint ventures | (42,115 | ) | (20,127 | ) | (140,984 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Losses on disposal of investments in associates and joint ventures | (450 | ) | (162 | ) | (45,291 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Impairment losses on investments in associates and joint ventures | — | (8,757 | ) | (28,092 | ) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
123,095 | 176,941 | (42,243 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Loss before income taxes | (2,473,126 | ) | (4,063,346 | ) | (396,488 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Income tax (expense) benefit | 41 | (819,871 | ) | 985,377 | 570,794 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Profit (loss) for the period | ₩ | (3,292,997 | ) | (3,077,969 | ) | 174,306 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Continued)
KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME—(CONTINUED)Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)—(Continued)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBERFor the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 2011 AND 2010and 2013
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||||||
(KRW in millions except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||||
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) | ||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income(loss) that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit(loss) | ||||||||||||||||
Actuarial losses on retirement benefit Obligations, net of tax | 25,30 | ₩ | (41,310 | ) | ₩ | (152,196 | ) | ₩ | (85,605 | ) | ||||||
Share in other comprehensive income(loss) of associates and joint ventures, net of tax | 30 | (846 | ) | (5,002 | ) | (2,056 | ) | |||||||||
Other comprehensive income(loss) that will be reclassified subsequently to profit(loss) | ||||||||||||||||
Net change in fair value of available-for- sale financial assets, net of tax | 32 | 2,245 | (174,958 | ) | 124,464 | |||||||||||
Loss on valuation of derivatives using of cash flow hedge accounting, net of tax | 5,11,32 | (63,850 | ) | (27,999 | ) | (35,005 | ) | |||||||||
Foreign currency translation of foreign operations, net of tax | 32 | (121,892 | ) | 47,135 | (12,124 | ) | ||||||||||
Share in other comprehensive income(loss) of associates and joint ventures, net of tax | 32 | (96,060 | ) | 50,862 | (32,241 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE LOSS FOR THE YEAR | ₩ | (3,399,682 | ) | ₩ | (3,555,155 | ) | ₩ | (111,734 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
NET INCOME(LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO; | ||||||||||||||||
Owners of the Company | (3,166,616 | ) | (3,370,464 | ) | (119,931 | ) | ||||||||||
Non-controlling interests | 88,647 | 77,467 | 50,764 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
₩ | (3,077,969 | ) | ₩ | (3,292,997 | ) | ₩ | (69,167 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME(LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO; | ||||||||||||||||
Owners of the Company | (3,447,949 | ) | (3,627,669 | ) | (151,472 | ) | ||||||||||
Non-controlling interests | 48,267 | 72,514 | 39,738 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
₩ | (3,399,682 | ) | ₩ | (3,555,155 | ) | ₩ | (111,734 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
EARNINGS(LOSSES) PER SHARE(IN KOREAN WON); | ||||||||||||||||
Basic earnings per share | 42 | ₩ | (5,083 | ) | ₩ | (5,411 | ) | ₩ | (193 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
Diluted earnings per share | 42 | ₩ | (5,083 | ) | ₩ | (5,411 | ) | ₩ | (193 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||
In millions of won, except per share information | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) | 5,11,25,34 | |||||||||||||||||||
Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Defined benefit plan actuarial gains (losses), net of tax | 25,31 | ₩ | (152,196 | ) | (41,310 | ) | 132,457 | |||||||||||||
Share in other comprehensive income (loss) of associates and joint ventures, net of tax | 31 | (5,002 | ) | (846 | ) | 7,671 | ||||||||||||||
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net change in the unrealized fair value of available-for-sale financial assets, net of tax | 34 | (174,958 | ) | 2,245 | 86,570 | |||||||||||||||
Net change in the unrealized fair value of derivatives using cash flow hedge accounting, net of tax | 5,11,34 | (27,999 | ) | (63,850 | ) | 29,332 | ||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation of foreign operations, net of tax | 34 | 47,135 | (121,892 | ) | (108,625 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Share in other comprehensive income (loss) of associates and joint ventures, net of tax | 34 | 50,862 | (96,060 | ) | 38,366 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | (262,158 | ) | (321,713 | ) | 185,771 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the period | ₩ | (3,555,155 | ) | (3,399,682 | ) | 360,077 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Profit (loss) attributable to: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Owners of the Company | 43 | ₩ | (3,370,464 | ) | (3,166,616 | ) | 60,011 | |||||||||||||
Non-controlling interests | 77,467 | 88,647 | 114,295 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
₩ | (3,292,997 | ) | (3,077,969 | ) | 174,306 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Owners of the Company | ₩ | (3,627,669 | ) | (3,447,949 | ) | 245,384 | ||||||||||||||
Non-controlling interests | 72,514 | 48,267 | 114,693 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
₩ | (3,555,155 | ) | (3,399,682 | ) | 360,077 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Earnings (loss) per share | 43 | |||||||||||||||||||
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share | ₩ | (5,411 | ) | (5,083 | ) | 96 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITYConsolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBERFor the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 2011 AND 2010and 2013
Contributed capital | Retained earnings | Other components of equity | Equity attributable to owners of the Company | Non- controlling interest | Total Equity | |||||||||||||||||||
(KRW in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2010 | ₩ | 4,042,979 | ₩ | 39,497,095 | ₩ | 13,331,454 | ₩ | 56,871,528 | ₩ | 415,810 | ₩ | 57,287,338 | ||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (income) loss for the year | — | (119,931 | ) | — | (119,931 | ) | 50,764 | (69,167 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income(loss) that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit(loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Actuarial losses on retirement benefit obligations, net of tax | — | (78,876 | ) | — | (78,876 | ) | (6,729 | ) | (85,605 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Share in other comprehensive income(loss) of a associates and joint ventures, net of tax | — | (2,056 | ) | — | (2,056 | ) | — | (2,056 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income(loss) that will be reclassified subsequently to profit(loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net change in fair value of available-for-sale financial assets, net of tax | — | — | 124,322 | 124,322 | 142 | 124,464 | ||||||||||||||||||
Loss on valuation of derivatives using cash flow hedge accounting, net of tax | — | — | (35,005 | ) | (35,005 | ) | — | (35,005 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation of foreign operations, net of tax | — | — | (7,685 | ) | (7,685 | ) | (4,439 | ) | (12,124 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Share in other comprehensive income(loss) of a associates and joint ventures, net of tax | — | — | (32,241 | ) | (32,241 | ) | — | (32,241 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Dividends paid | — | — | — | — | (35,740 | ) | (35,740 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Capital increase | — | — | — | — | 16,476 | 16,476 | ||||||||||||||||||
Change due to acquisition and disposal of subsidiaries | — | — | 97,922 | 97,922 | 22,299 | 120,221 | ||||||||||||||||||
Others | — | — | — | — | (24 | ) | (24 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2010 | ₩ | 4,042,979 | ₩ | 39,296,232 | ₩ | 13,478,767 | ₩ | 56,817,978 | ₩ | 458,559 | ₩ | 57,276,537 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Equity attributable to owners of the Company | Non- controlling interests | Total equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contributed capital | Retained earnings | Other components of equity | Subtotal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2011 | ₩ | 4,042,979 | 39,296,232 | 13,478,767 | 56,817,978 | 458,559 | 57,276,537 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income for the period | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Profit (loss) for the period | — | (3,370,464 | ) | — | (3,370,464 | ) | 77,467 | (3,292,997 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Defined benefit plan actuarial losses, net of tax | — | (151,672 | ) | — | (151,672 | ) | (524 | ) | (152,196 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Share in other comprehensive loss of associates and joint ventures, net of tax | — | (5,002 | ) | — | (5,002 | ) | — | (5,002 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net changes in the unrealized fair value of available-for-sale financial assets, net of tax | — | — | (174,937 | ) | (174,937 | ) | (21 | ) | (174,958 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Net change in the unrealized fair value of derivatives using cash flow hedge accounting, net of tax | — | — | (18,648 | ) | (18,648 | ) | (9,351 | ) | (27,999 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation of foreign operations, net of tax | — | — | 42,173 | 42,173 | 4,962 | 47,135 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Share in other comprehensive income (loss) of associates and joint ventures, net of tax | — | — | 50,881 | 50,881 | (19 | ) | 50,862 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Transactions with owners of the Company,recognized directly in equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid | — | — | — | — | (44,663 | ) | (44,663 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of share capital | 10,599 | — | — | 10,599 | 3,187 | 13,786 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Changes in consolidation scope | — | — | 69,388 | 69,388 | 42,991 | 112,379 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | — | — | — | — | 1,066 | 1,066 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2011 | ₩ | 4,053,578 | 35,769,094 | 13,447,624 | 53,270,296 | 533,654 | 53,803,950 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Continued)
KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY—(CONTINUED)Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity—(Continued)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBERFor the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 2011 AND 2010and 2013
Contributed capital | Retained earnings | Other components of equity | Equity attributable to owners of the Company | Non- controlling interest | Total Equity | |||||||||||||||||||
(KRW in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2011 | ₩ | 4,042,979 | ₩ | 39,296,232 | ₩ | 13,478,767 | ₩ | 56,817,978 | ₩ | 458,559 | ₩ | 57,276,537 | ||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (income) loss for the period | — | (3,370,464 | ) | — | (3,370,464 | ) | 77,467 | (3,292,997 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income(loss) that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit(loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Actuarial losses on retirement benefit obligations, net of tax | — | (151,672 | ) | — | (151,672 | ) | (524 | ) | (152,196 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Share in other comprehensive income(loss) of a associates and joint ventures, net of tax | — | (5,002 | ) | — | (5,002 | ) | — | (5,002 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income(loss) that will be reclassified subsequently to profit(loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net change in fair value of available-for-sale financial assets, net of tax | — | — | (174,937 | ) | (174,937 | ) | (21 | ) | (174,958 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Loss on valuation of derivatives using cash flow hedge accounting, net of tax | — | — | (18,648 | ) | (18,648 | ) | (9,351 | ) | (27,999 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation of foreign operations, net of tax | — | — | 42,173 | 42,173 | 4,962 | 47,135 | ||||||||||||||||||
Share in other comprehensive income(loss) of a associates and joint ventures, net of tax | — | — | 50,881 | 50,881 | (19 | ) | 50,862 | |||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid | — | — | — | — | (44,663 | ) | (44,663 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Capital increase | 10,599 | — | — | 10,599 | 3,187 | 13,786 | ||||||||||||||||||
Change due to acquisition and disposal of subsidiaries | — | — | 69,388 | 69,388 | 42,991 | 112,379 | ||||||||||||||||||
Others | — | — | — | — | 1,066 | 1,066 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2011 | ₩ | 4,053,578 | ₩ | 35,769,094 | ₩ | 13,447,624 | ₩ | 53,270,296 | ₩ | 533,654 | ₩ | 53,803,950 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity attributable to owners of the Company | Non- controlling Interests | Total equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contributed capital | Retained earnings | Other components of equity | Subtotal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2012 | ₩ | 4,053,578 | 35,769,094 | 13,447,624 | 53,270,296 | 533,654 | 53,803,950 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the period | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Profit (loss) for the period | — | (3,166,616 | ) | — | (3,166,616 | ) | 88,647 | (3,077,969 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Defined benefit plan actuarial losses, net of tax | — | (37,349 | ) | — | (37,349 | ) | (3,961 | ) | (41,310 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Share in other comprehensive loss of associates and joint ventures, net of tax | — | (846 | ) | — | (846 | ) | — | (846 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net changes in the unrealized fair value of available-for-sale financial assets, net of tax | — | — | 2,255 | 2,255 | (10 | ) | 2,245 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Net change in the unrealized fair value of derivatives using cash flow hedge accounting, net of tax | — | — | (44,909 | ) | (44,909 | ) | (18,941 | ) | (63,850 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation of foreign operations, net of tax | — | — | (104,595 | ) | (104,595 | ) | (17,297 | ) | (121,892 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Share in other comprehensive loss of associates and joint ventures, net of tax | — | — | (95,889 | ) | (95,889 | ) | (171 | ) | (96,060 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Transactions with owners of the Company, recognized directly in equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid | — | — | — | — | (55,254 | ) | (55,254 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of share capital | — | — | — | — | 115,346 | 115,346 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Changes in consolidation scope | — | — | 66,420 | 66,420 | 31,003 | 97,423 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of hybrid securities | — | — | — | — | 498,660 | 498,660 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | — | — | — | — | 3,759 | 3,759 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2012 | ₩ | 4,053,578 | 32,564,283 | 13,270,906 | 49,888,767 | 1,175,435 | 51,064,202 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Continued)
KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY—(CONTINUED)Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity—(Continued)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBERFor the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 2011 AND 2010and 2013
Contributed capital | Retained earnings | Other components of equity | Equity attributable to owners of the Company | Non- controlling interest | Total Equity | |||||||||||||||||||
(KRW in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2012 | ₩ | 4,053,578 | ₩ | 35,769,094 | ₩ | 13,447,624 | ₩ | 53,270,296 | ₩ | 533,654 | ₩ | 53,803,950 | ||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (income) loss for the period | — | (3,166,616 | ) | — | (3,166,616 | ) | 88,647 | (3,077,969 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income(loss) that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit(loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Actuarial losses on retirement benefit obligations, net of tax | — | (37,349 | ) | — | (37,349 | ) | (3,961 | ) | (41,310 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Share in other comprehensive income(loss) of associates and joint ventures, net of tax | — | (846 | ) | — | (846 | ) | — | (846 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income(loss) that will be reclassified subsequently to profit(loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net change in fair value of available-for-sale financial assets, net of tax | — | — | 2,255 | 2,255 | (10 | ) | 2,245 | |||||||||||||||||
Loss on valuation of derivatives using cash flow hedge accounting, net of tax | — | — | (44,909 | ) | (44,909 | ) | (18,941 | ) | (63,850 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation of foreign operations, net of tax | — | — | (104,595 | ) | (104,595 | ) | (17,297 | ) | (121,892 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Share in other comprehensive income(loss) of associates and joint ventures, net of tax | — | — | (95,889 | ) | (95,889 | ) | (171 | ) | (96,060 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Dividends paid | — | — | — | — | (55,254 | ) | (55,254 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Capital increase in subsidiaries | — | — | — | — | 115,346 | 115,346 | ||||||||||||||||||
Change due to acquisitions and disposals of subsidiaries | — | — | 66,420 | 66,420 | 31,003 | 97,423 | ||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of hybrid bonds | — | — | — | — | 498,660 | 498,660 | ||||||||||||||||||
Others | — | — | — | — | 3,759 | 3,759 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2012 | ₩ | 4,053,578 | ₩ | 32,564,283 | ₩ | 13,270,906 | ₩ | 49,888,767 | ₩ | 1,175,435 | ₩ | 51,064,202 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity attributable to owners of the Company | Non- controlling Interests | Total equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contributed capital | Retained earnings | Other components of equity | Subtotal | |||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2013 | ₩ | 4,053,578 | 32,564,283 | 13,270,906 | 49,888,767 | 1,175,435 | 51,064,202 | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the period | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Profit for the period | — | 60,011 | — | 60,011 | 114,295 | 174,306 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Defined benefit plan actuarial income (loss), net of tax | — | 134,121 | — | 134,121 | (1,664 | ) | 132,457 | |||||||||||||||||||
Share in other comprehensive income of associates and joint ventures, net of tax | — | 7,671 | — | 7,671 | — | 7,671 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net changes in the unrealized fair value of available-for-sale financial assets, net of tax | — | — | 86,543 | 86,543 | 27 | 86,570 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net change in the unrealized fair value of derivatives using cash flow hedge accounting, net of tax | — | — | 18,907 | 18,907 | 10,425 | 29,332 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation of foreign operations, net of tax | — | — | (100,572 | ) | (100,572 | ) | (8,053 | ) | (108,625 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Share in other comprehensive income (loss) of associates and joint ventures, net of tax | — | — | 38,703 | 38,703 | (337 | ) | 38,366 | |||||||||||||||||||
Transactions with owners of the Company, recognized directly in equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid | — | — | — | — | (41,812 | ) | (41,812 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of share capital | — | — | (173 | ) | (173 | ) | 31,229 | 31,056 | ||||||||||||||||||
Equity transaction in consolidated scope—other than issuance of share capital | — | — | 135,914 | 135,914 | 43,128 | 179,042 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Changes in consolidation scope | — | — | (10,224 | ) | (10,224 | ) | (115,991 | ) | (126,215 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid (hybrid securities) | — | — | — | — | (16,455 | ) | (16,455 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Others | — | — | — | — | 841 | 841 | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2013 | ₩ | 4,053,578 | 32,766,086 | 13,440,004 | 50,259,668 | 1,191,068 | 51,450,736 | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2012, 2011 AND 2010
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
(KRW in millions) | ||||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||||||
Net loss for the year | ₩ | (3,077,969 | ) | ₩ | (3,292,997 | ) | ₩ | (69,167 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Adjustments for: | ||||||||||||
Income tax expense | (985,377 | ) | 819,871 | 438,779 | ||||||||
Depreciation | 6,903,350 | 6,782,661 | 6,579,220 | |||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | 93,360 | 94,729 | 117,444 | |||||||||
Retirement benefit expense, net | 364,913 | 341,902 | 341,210 | |||||||||
Bad debt expense | 41,440 | 15,136 | 13,569 | |||||||||
Interest expense | 2,344,328 | 2,123,579 | 2,045,684 | |||||||||
Loss on disposal of property, plant, and equipment | 67,910 | 31,228 | 46,882 | |||||||||
Loss on abandonment of property, plant, and equipment | 253,985 | 296,557 | 219,911 | |||||||||
Impairment loss on intangible assets | 459 | 221 | 451 | |||||||||
Loss on disposal of intangible assets | 44 | — | — | |||||||||
Accretion expense to provisions, net | 788,371 | 433,374 | 139,969 | |||||||||
Loss (gain) on foreign currency translation, net | (766,863 | ) | 226,012 | (110,158 | ) | |||||||
Valuation and transaction loss (gain) on derivative instrument, net | 597,628 | (75,307 | ) | 196,334 | ||||||||
Share in income of associates and joint ventures, net | (185,860 | ) | (120,398 | ) | (104,068 | ) | ||||||
Gain on disposal of financial assets | (189 | ) | — | — | ||||||||
Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment | (32,797 | ) | (38,776 | ) | (42,037 | ) | ||||||
Gain on disposal of intangible assets | (15 | ) | — | — | ||||||||
Loss on disposal of other non-current assets | 584 | — | — | |||||||||
Loss (gain) on disposal of associates and joint ventures, net | 162 | (2,699 | ) | 27,443 | ||||||||
Impairment loss on associates and joint ventures | 8,757 | — | — | |||||||||
Interest income | (204,123 | ) | (291,625 | ) | (120,422 | ) | ||||||
Dividends income | (10,452 | ) | (18,894 | ) | (3,341 | ) | ||||||
Impairment loss on available-for-sale financial assets | 40,156 | — | — | |||||||||
Impairment loss on other non-current assets | 1,877,371 | — | — | |||||||||
Other losses (gains), net | (21,434 | ) | 47,998 | 55,308 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
11,175,708 | 10,665,569 | 9,842,178 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||||
Increase in accounts receivables | (781,099 | ) | (664,696 | ) | (539,781 | ) | ||||||
Increase in non-trade receivables | (103,028 | ) | (45,009 | ) | (24,369 | ) | ||||||
Decrease(increase) in accrued income | (66,504 | ) | 26,205 | (6,038 | ) | |||||||
Decrease(increase) in other receivables | 377 | — | (2,936 | ) | ||||||||
Increase in other current assets | (384,765 | ) | (154,062 | ) | (111,388 | ) | ||||||
Increase in inventories | (672,979 | ) | (1,411,785 | ) | (875,476 | ) | ||||||
Decrease(increase) in other non-current assets | (1,521,249 | ) | (335,262 | ) | 431,576 | |||||||
Increase in trade payables | 154,341 | 710,831 | 511,311 | |||||||||
Increase(decrease) in non-trade payables | 573,517 | (7,882 | ) | 113,467 | ||||||||
Increase(decrease) in accrued expenses | (126,857 | ) | 30,386 | 154,231 | ||||||||
Increase in other current liabilities | 1,865,301 | 1,204,974 | 262,503 | |||||||||
Increase(decrease) in other non-current liabilities | (262,590 | ) | 525,996 | 97,803 | ||||||||
Decrease in associates and joint ventures | 48,429 | 62,169 | 35,488 | |||||||||
Decrease in provisions | (74,638 | ) | (289,237 | ) | (330,195 | ) | ||||||
Payments of retirement benefit obligations | (186,274 | ) | (345,774 | ) | (401,143 | ) | ||||||
Increase in plan assets | (94,763 | ) | (291,339 | ) | (96,751 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
(1,632,781 | ) | (984,485 | ) | (781,698 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
6,464,958 | 6,388,087 | 8,991,313 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Continued)
KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS—(CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2012, 2011 AND 2010
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
(KRW in millions) | ||||||||||||
Interest received | ₩ | 153,414 | ₩ | 247,711 | ₩ | 168,014 | ||||||
Interest paid | (2,386,125 | ) | (2,196,429 | ) | (2,272,028 | ) | ||||||
Dividends received | 10,452 | 18,894 | 3,427 | |||||||||
Income tax paid | (325,866 | ) | (313,534 | ) | (150,636 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 3,916,833 | 4,144,729 | 6,740,090 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||||||
Disposal of associates and joint ventures | 8,988 | 10,136 | 35,412 | |||||||||
Acquisition of associates and joint ventures | (404,761 | ) | (491,293 | ) | (756,443 | ) | ||||||
Disposal of property, plant and equipment | 100,573 | 50,578 | 100,325 | |||||||||
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment | (11,446,834 | ) | (10,610,402 | ) | (10,184,037 | ) | ||||||
Disposal of intangible assets | 1,448 | 467 | 198 | |||||||||
Acquisition of intangible assets | (67,715 | ) | (42,599 | ) | (470,413 | ) | ||||||
Disposal of investment properties | — | 523 | — | |||||||||
Disposal of financial assets | 650,757 | 856,021 | 295,844 | |||||||||
Acquisition of financial assets | (637,620 | ) | (840,852 | ) | (564,832 | ) | ||||||
Decrease (increase) in loans, net | 46,984 | (29,574 | ) | (203,545 | ) | |||||||
Increase (decrease) in deposits received, net | (53,755 | ) | (53,042 | ) | 91 | |||||||
Receipt of government grants | 45,932 | 47,903 | 27,589 | |||||||||
Net cash inflow (outflow) from acquisition of subsidiaries | 10,022 | (65,147 | ) | (40,862 | ) | |||||||
Other cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities, net | 26,785 | (28,412 | ) | (233,476 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Net cash provided by investing activities | (11,719,196 | ) | (11,195,693 | ) | (11,994,149 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||||||
Proceeds from short-term borrowings, net | (476,192 | ) | 114,015 | (348,216 | ) | |||||||
Proceeds from long-term borrowings and debentures | 14,202,095 | 12,100,107 | 11,654,394 | |||||||||
Repayment of long-term borrowings and debentures | (5,895,384 | ) | (5,880,330 | ) | (5,786,761 | ) | ||||||
Payment of financial lease | (122,320 | ) | (136,760 | ) | (123,773 | ) | ||||||
Settlement of derivative instruments, net | (247 | ) | 51,916 | 350,404 | ||||||||
Proceeds on disposal of partial interest in a subsidiary that does not involve loss of control | 109,589 | 100,691 | 149,579 | |||||||||
Change in non-controlling interest | 116,020 | 36,142 | 16,071 | |||||||||
Proceeds from hybrid bonds | 498,660 | — | — | |||||||||
Dividends paid | (55,254 | ) | (44,663 | ) | (35,740 | ) | ||||||
Other cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities, net | (1,480 | ) | 297 | (6,290 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities | 8,375,487 | 6,341,415 | 5,869,668 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
EFFECTS OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES | (6,096 | ) | 7,419 | (1,242 | ) | |||||||
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS | 567,028 | (702,130 | ) | 614,367 | ||||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINING OF THE PERIOD | 1,387,921 | 2,090,051 | 1,475,684 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF THE PERIOD | ₩ | 1,954,949 | ₩ | 1,387,921 | ₩ | 2,090,051 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSConsolidated Statements of Cash Flows
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBERFor the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities | ||||||||||||||||
Profit (loss) for the period | ₩ | (3,292,997 | ) | (3,077,969 | ) | 174,306 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
Adjustments for: | ||||||||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | 819,871 | (985,377 | ) | (570,794 | ) | |||||||||||
Depreciation | 6,782,661 | 6,903,350 | 7,303,996 | |||||||||||||
Amortization | 94,729 | 93,360 | 88,379 | |||||||||||||
Employee benefit expense | 341,902 | 364,913 | 384,323 | |||||||||||||
Bad debt expense | 15,136 | 41,440 | 49,110 | |||||||||||||
Interest expense | 2,123,579 | 2,344,328 | 2,381,900 | |||||||||||||
Loss on sale of financial assets | — | — | 4,202 | |||||||||||||
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment | 31,228 | 39,942 | 58,852 | |||||||||||||
Loss on abandonment of property, plant, and equipment | 296,557 | 253,985 | 295,627 | |||||||||||||
Impairment loss on property, plant and equipment | — | 27,968 | 24,612 | |||||||||||||
Impairment loss on intangible assets | 221 | 459 | 267 | |||||||||||||
Loss on disposal of intangible assets | — | 44 | 1 | |||||||||||||
Accretion expense to provisions, net | 421,364 | 843,047 | 663,621 | |||||||||||||
Gain (loss) on foreign currency translation, net | 226,012 | (766,863 | ) | (195,571 | ) | |||||||||||
Valuation and transaction loss (gain) on derivative instruments, net | (75,307 | ) | 597,628 | 233,484 | ||||||||||||
Share in income of associates and joint ventures, net | (120,398 | ) | (185,860 | ) | (29,414 | ) | ||||||||||
Gain on sale of financial assets | — | (189 | ) | (107 | ) | |||||||||||
Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment | (38,776 | ) | (32,797 | ) | (59,345 | ) | ||||||||||
Gain on disposal of intangible assets | — | (15 | ) | (4 | ) | |||||||||||
Loss on disposal of other non-current assets | — | 584 | — | |||||||||||||
Gain (loss) on disposal of investments in associates and joint ventures | (2,699 | ) | 162 | 43,566 | ||||||||||||
Impairment loss on investments in associates and joint ventures | — | 8,757 | 28,091 | |||||||||||||
Interest income | (291,625 | ) | (204,123 | ) | (182,161 | ) | ||||||||||
Dividends income | (18,894 | ) | (10,452 | ) | (9,870 | ) | ||||||||||
Impairment loss on available-for-sale financial assets | — | 40,156 | 12,592 | |||||||||||||
Impairment loss on other non-current non-financial assets | — | 1,877,371 | — | |||||||||||||
Others, net | 47,998 | (21,434 | ) | (64,089 | ) | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
10,653,559 | 11,230,384 | 10,461,268 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
Changes in: | ||||||||||||||||
Increase in trade receivables | (664,696 | ) | (781,099 | ) | (330,494 | ) | ||||||||||
Decrease (increase) in non-trade receivables | (45,009 | ) | (103,028 | ) | 20,853 | |||||||||||
Decrease (increase) in accrued income | 26,205 | (66,504 | ) | 563 | ||||||||||||
Decrease (increase) in other receivables | — | 377 | (123 | ) | ||||||||||||
Decrease (increase) in other current assets | (154,062 | ) | (384,765 | ) | 98,724 | |||||||||||
Increase in inventories | (1,411,785 | ) | (672,979 | ) | (1,206,676 | ) | ||||||||||
Decrease (increase) in other non-current assets | (335,262 | ) | (1,521,249 | ) | 65,087 | |||||||||||
Increase (decrease) in trade payables | 710,831 | 154,341 | (40,416 | ) | ||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) in non-trade payables | (298,356 | ) | 224,567 | (195,191 | ) | |||||||||||
Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses | 308,531 | 14,197 | (240,901 | ) | ||||||||||||
Increase in other payables | — | — | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||
Increase in other current liabilities | 1,204,974 | 1,865,302 | 1,500,717 | |||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) in other non-current liabilities | 525,996 | (262,590 | ) | 48,719 | ||||||||||||
Decrease in investments in associates and joint ventures | 62,169 | 48,429 | 65,888 | |||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) in provisions | (264,898 | ) | 78,581 | (386,377 | ) | |||||||||||
Payments of employee benefit obligations | (345,774 | ) | (186,274 | ) | (132,179 | ) | ||||||||||
Increase in plan assets | (291,339 | ) | (94,763 | ) | (101,720 | ) | ||||||||||
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(972,475 | ) | (1,687,457 | ) | (833,527 | ) | |||||||||||
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(Continued)
KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows—(Continued)
For the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||
Cash generated from operating activities | ||||||||||||||||
Dividends received | ₩ | 18,894 | 10,452 | 14,114 | ||||||||||||
Interest paid | (2,196,429 | ) | (2,386,125 | ) | (2,460,247 | ) | ||||||||||
Interest received | 247,711 | 153,414 | 160,830 | |||||||||||||
Income taxes paid | (313,534 | ) | (325,866 | ) | (632,837 | ) | ||||||||||
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Net cash from operating activities | 4,144,729 | 3,916,833 | 6,883,907 | |||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||
Cash flows investing activities | ||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from disposals of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures | 10,136 | 8,988 | 44 | |||||||||||||
Acquisition of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures | (491,293 | ) | (404,761 | ) | (321,476 | ) | ||||||||||
Proceeds from disposals of property, plant and equipment | 50,578 | 100,573 | 119,464 | |||||||||||||
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment | (10,610,402 | ) | (11,446,834 | ) | (14,259,050 | ) | ||||||||||
Proceeds from disposals of intangible assets | 467 | 1,448 | 39 | |||||||||||||
Acquisition of intangible assets | (42,599 | ) | (67,715 | ) | (69,007 | ) | ||||||||||
Disposal of investment properties | 523 | — | — | |||||||||||||
Proceeds from disposals of financial assets | 856,021 | 650,757 | 610,847 | |||||||||||||
Acquisition of financial assets | (840,852 | ) | (637,620 | ) | (545,992 | ) | ||||||||||
Increase in loans | (146,227 | ) | (94,133 | ) | (196,607 | ) | ||||||||||
Decrease in loans | 116,653 | 141,117 | 143,935 | |||||||||||||
Increase in deposits | (136,376 | ) | (120,425 | ) | (55,594 | ) | ||||||||||
Decrease in deposits | 83,334 | 66,670 | 51,882 | |||||||||||||
Receipt of government grants | 48,807 | 49,618 | 92,000 | |||||||||||||
Usage of government grants | (904 | ) | (3,686 | ) | (31,027 | ) | ||||||||||
Net cash inflow (outflow) from business acquisitions | (65,147 | ) | 10,022 | (41,809 | ) | |||||||||||
Other cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities, net | (28,412 | ) | 26,785 | (921 | ) | |||||||||||
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Net cash used in investing activities | (11,195,693 | ) | (11,719,196 | ) | (14,503,272 | ) | ||||||||||
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Cash flows from financing activities | ||||||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings, net | 114,015 | (476,192 | ) | (107,748 | ) | |||||||||||
Proceeds from long-term borrowings and debt securities | 12,100,107 | 14,202,095 | 15,233,428 | |||||||||||||
Repayment of long-term borrowings and debt securities | (5,880,330 | ) | (5,895,384 | ) | (7,315,752 | ) | ||||||||||
Payment of finance lease liabilities | (136,760 | ) | (122,320 | ) | (125,921 | ) | ||||||||||
Settlement of derivative instruments, net | 51,916 | (247 | ) | 38,844 | ||||||||||||
Proceeds on disposal of partial interest in a subsidiary that does not involve loss of control | 100,691 | 109,589 | 236,244 | |||||||||||||
Change in non-controlling interest | 36,142 | 116,020 | 47,019 | |||||||||||||
Cash inflow from hybrid bond | — | 498,660 | — | |||||||||||||
Dividends paid (hybrid bond) | — | — | (16,455 | ) | ||||||||||||
Dividends paid | (44,663 | ) | (55,254 | ) | (41,812 | ) | ||||||||||
Other cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities, net | 297 | (1,480 | ) | (14,715 | ) | |||||||||||
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Net cash from financing activities | 6,341,415 | 8,375,487 | 7,933,132 | |||||||||||||
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Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents before effect of exchange rate fluctuations | (709,549 | ) | 573,124 | 313,767 | ||||||||||||
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash held | 7,419 | (6,096 | ) | (36,403 | ) | |||||||||||
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Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | (702,130 | ) | 567,028 | 277,364 | ||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at January 1 | 2,090,051 | 1,387,921 | 1,954,949 | |||||||||||||
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Cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2013 | ₩ | 1,387,921 | 1,954,949 | 2,232,313 | ||||||||||||
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See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
KOREA ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION AND 2010SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2013
1. |
Korea Electric Power Corporation (“KEPCO”(the “Company”) was incorporated on January 1, 1982 in accordance with the Korea Electric Power Corporation Act (the “KEPCO Act”) to engage in the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity and development of electric power resources in the Republic of Korea. The Company also provides power plant construction services. The Company’s stock was listed on the Korea Stock Exchange on August 10, 1989 and the Company listed its Depository Receipts (DR) on the New York Stock Exchange on October 27, 1994.
As of December 31, 2012, the Government of the Republic of Korea (the “Government”), Korea Finance Corporation (the “KoFC”) which is wholly owned by the Government, and foreign investors held 21.17%, 29.94%, and 25.18% respectively, of2013, the Company’s shares.share capital amounts to ₩3,209,820 million and the Company’s shareholders are as follows:
Number of shares | Percentage of ownership | |||||||
Government of the Republic of Korea | 135,917,118 | 21.17 | % | |||||
Korea Finance Corporation | 192,159,940 | 29.93 | % | |||||
Foreign investors | 147,623,014 | 23.00 | % | |||||
Other | 166,264,005 | 25.90 | % | |||||
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641,964,077 | 100.00 | % | ||||||
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In accordance with the restructuring planRestructuring Plan enacted on January 21, 1999 by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (the “MTIE”, formerly the Ministry of Knowledge Economy) (the “Restructuring Plan”) on January 21, 1999, on April 2, 2001, KEPCO, the Company spun off its power generation divisions on April 2, 2001, resulting in the establishment of six power generation subsidiaries.
In addition,
2. | Basis of Preparation |
The consolidated financial statements were authorized for issuance by the Government established a Tripartite Commission consistingBoard of representatives ofDirectors on February 20, 2014, which were submitted for approval at the Government, leading businesses and labor unions in Korea to deliberateshareholders’ meeting held on ways to introduce competition in electricity distribution, such as by forming and privatizing new distribution subsidiaries. Meanwhile, on June 30, 2004, the privatization initiatives were ceased, instead independent business divisions for distribution within the Company were created to improve operational efficiency through internal competition. These business divisions have separate management structures, financial accounting systems and performance evaluation systems, but with a common focus on maximizing profitability.March 28, 2014.
The Company maintains its official accounting records in Republic of Korean won (“Won”) and prepares consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformityaccordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standard Board (“IASB”).
The significant accounting policies under IFRS followed by the Company in the preparation of its consolidated financial statements are summarized below. Unless stated otherwise, these accounting policies have been applied consistently to the financial statements for the current period and accompanying comparative periods.
(2) | Basis of measurement |
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for certain non-current assets andthe following material items in the consolidated statements of financial position:
derivative financial instruments that are measured at revalued amounts or fair values, as explained invalue
available-for-sale financial assets are measured at fair value
liabilities for defined benefit plans are recognized at the accounting policies below. Historical cost is based onnet of the total present value of defined benefit obligations less the fair value of plan assets
(3) | Functional and presentation currency |
These consolidated financial statements are presented in Korean won (“Won”), which are the consideration givenCompany’s functional currency and the currency of the primary economic environment in exchange for assets.which the Company operates.
(4) | Use of estimates and judgments |
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected.
The following are the key assumptions concerning the future, and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year.
The following amendments to IFRSs have been applied inCompany owns Wolseong #1 nuclear power plant, which started its operation on November 21, 1982, and completed its operation on November 20, 2012, completing the current year but do not have affectedpermitted operation period of 30 years. As of December 31, 2013, the amounts reported in these financial statements.
Amendments to IFRS 7—Financial Instruments: Disclosures
The Company may have transferred financial assets in such a way that part or all of the transferred financial assets do not qualify for derecognition. The amendments to IFRS 7 increase the disclosure requirements for transactions involving transfers of financial assets in order to provide greater transparency around the nature of the transferred assets, the nature of the risks and rewards of ownership to which the Company is exposed, description of the nature of the relationship between the transferred assets and the associated liabilities and carrying value of the associated liabilities. When the Company continues its involvement on the transferred assets although the transferred assets are derecognized in their entirety, the Company discloses the carrying amounts of the transferred assets and the associated liabilities and information showing how the maximum exposure to loss. The amendments do not have impact on the Company’s financial statements.
Amendments to IAS 12—Deferred Tax—Recovery of Underlying Assets
The Company has applied the amendments to IAS 12Income Taxesin the current year. Under the amendments, investment properties that are measured using the fair value model in accordance with IAS 40Investment Property are presumed to be recovered entirely through sale for the purpose of measuring deferred taxes unless the presumption is rebutted. Also, the Company recognizes deferred income tax assets and deferred income tax liabilities on investment properties that were revalued in accordance with IFRS 16Property, Plant and Equipments, under a business model whose objective is to consume substantially all of the economic benefits embodied through sales. The amendments do not have impact on the Company’s financial statements.
The amendments to IFRIC 14—The Limit on a Defined Benefit Asset, Minimum Funding Requirements and their Interpretation
These amendments require the Company to recognize net defined benefit liability (asset), deficit or surplus, adjusted for any effect of limiting a net defined benefit asset to the asset ceiling. The amendments do not have impact on the Company’s financial statements.
Amendments to IAS 1—Presentation of Financial Statements
The amendments to IAS 1 require items of other comprehensive income to be grouped into two categories in the other comprehensive income section: (a) items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss and (b) items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss when specific conditions are met. The accompanying financial statements have been prepared with the application of the early adopted amendments.
Amendments to IAS 1—Presentation of Financial Statements (as part of the Annual Improvements to IFRSs 2009-2011 cycle issued in May 2012)
The Company has applied the amendments to IAS 1 as part of the Annual Improvements to IFRSs 2009-2011 Cycle in advance of the effective date (annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013).
IAS 1 requires an entity that changes accounting policies retrospectively, or makes a retrospective restatement or reclassification to present a statement of financial position as at the beginning of the preceding period (third statement of financial position). The amendments to IAS 1 clarify that an entity is required to present a third statement of financial position only when the retrospective application, restatement or reclassification has a material effect on the information in the third statement of financial position and that related notes are not required to accompany the third statement of financial
position. In accordance with the amendments to IAS 1, the Company has not presented a third statement of financial position and related notes as of January 1, 2011 in relation to the retrospective reclassification as further described in Note 2 - (24).
Amendments to IAS 19—Employee Benefits
The amendments to IAS 19 require the recognition of changes in defined benefit obligations and in fair value of plan assets when they occur, and hence eliminate the ‘corridor approach’ permitted under the previous version of IAS 19 and the accelerate the recognition of past service costs. The amendments to IAS 19 are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. The Company is in the process of evaluatingobtaining safety assessments to obtain an approval from the impactNuclear Safety and Security Commission to resume the plant’s operation for another term. The Company has prepared the consolidated financial statements assuming that the plant will operate for the next 10 years.
(ii) | Unbilled revenue |
Energy delivered but not yet metered, and the quantities of energy delivered but not yet measured and not billed are calculated at the reporting date based on consumption statistics and selling price estimates. Determination of the unbilled revenues at the end of the reporting period is sensitive to the estimated assumptions and prices based on statistics. Unbilled revenue recognized as of December 31, 2012 and 2013 is ₩1,628,732 million and ₩1,678,327 million, respectively, and is included in sales of goods in the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position.
Information about critical judgments in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements uponis included in the adoptionfollowing notes:
Note 18—Property, plant and equipment
Note 44—Risk Management
Information about assumptions and estimation uncertainties that have a significant risk of amendments.resulting in a material adjustment within the next financial year is included in the following notes:
Amendments to IAS 32—Offsetting Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities and the related disclosures
The amendments to IAS 32 clarify existing application issue relating to the offset of financial assets and financialNote 41—Income tax
Note 25—Defined employee liabilities requirements. Specifically, the amendments clarify the meaning of ‘currently has a legally enforceable right of set-off’ and ‘simultaneous realization and settlement’.
The Company’s right to offset must not be conditional on the occurrence of future events but enforceable anytime during the contract periods, during the ordinary course of business with counterparty, a default of counterparty and master netting agreement or in some forms of non-recourse debt. The amendments to IAS 32 are effective for annual periods beginning on January 1, 2014.
(5) | Changes in accounting policies |
(i) | IFRS 10, ‘Consolidated Financial Statements’ |
The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact on the financial statements upon the adoption of amendments.
Amendments toadopted IFRS 7—10, ‘Consolidated Financial Instruments: Disclosures
The amendments to IFRS 7 are mainly focusing on presentation of the offset between financial assets and financial liabilities. The amendments to IFRS 7 are effective for annual periods beginning on or afterStatements’ since January 1, 2013. TheAs a result, the Company changed its accounting policy with respect to determining whether it has control over and consequently whether it consolidates its investees. IFRS 10 introduces a new control model that is inapplicable to all investees; among other things, it requires the processconsolidation of evaluatingan investee if the impactCompany controls the investee on the financial statements upon the adoptionbasis of amendments.
IFRS 10—Consolidated Financial Statementsde facto circumstances.
The amendments to IFRS 10 includestandard includes a new definition of control that contains three elements: (a) power over an investee, (b) exposure, or rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee, and (c) the ability to use its power over the investee to affect the amount of the investor’s return. This standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. The Company is in the processadoption of evaluating theIFRS 10 had no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements uponstatements.
The following amendments to IFRSs have been applied in the adoption of amendments.current year and do not have any impact on the amounts reported in these consolidated financial statements.
IFRS 11—Joint Arrangements
(ii) | IFRS 11, ‘Joint Arrangements’ |
IFRS 11 deals with how a joint arrangement of which two or more parties have joint control should be classified. Under IFRS 11, joint arrangements are classified as joint operations or joint ventures, depending on the rights and obligations of the parties to the arrangements. IfAs a result of IFRS 11, the Company ishas changed its accounting policy for its interests in joint arrangements. Under IFRS 11, the Company has classified its interests in joint arrangements as either joint operations (if the Company has rights to the assets, and obligations for the liabilities, relating to an arrangement) or joint ventures (if the Company has rights only to the net assets of an arrangement). When making this assessment, the Company considered the structure of the arrangements, the legal form of any separate vehicles, the contractual terms of the arrangements and other facts and circumstances. Previously, the structure of the arrangement was the sole focus of classification. The Company has re-evaluated its involvement in its joint arrangements and has reclassified the investment from a jointly controlled entity to a joint operator,venture. Notwithstanding the Company isreclassification, the investment continues to recognize assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses proportionally to its investment and if the Company is joint ventures, the Company is to account for that investment usingbe recognized by applying the equity method accounting. This standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. The Company is in the process of evaluating theand there has been no impact on the financial statements uponrecognized assets, liabilities and comprehensive income of the adoption of amendments.
(iii) | IFRS 12, ‘Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities’ |
IFRS 12—Disclosure of Interest in Other Entities
IFRS 12 isThe standard brings together into a single standard all the disclosure standard and is applicable to entities that haverequirements about an entity’s interests in subsidiaries, joint arrangements, associates orand unconsolidated structured entities. ThisThe standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. The Company is reviewingrequires the impactdisclosure of information about the applicationnature, risks and financial effects of this standard on the Company’s financial statements.these interests.
IFRS 13—Fair Value Measurement
(iv) | IFRS 13, ‘Fair Value Measurement’ |
IFRS 13, establishes a single source of guidance for fair value measurements and disclosure about fair value measurements. The standard defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requiresmaking disclosures about fair value measurements. This standard is effective for annual periods beginning onmeasurements when such measurements are required or after January 1, 2013. permitted by other IFRSs. It unifies the definition of fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. It replaces and expands the disclosure requirements about fair value measurements in other IFRSs.
(v) | IAS 19, ‘Employee Benefits’ |
The Company is reviewinghas applied the amendments to IAS 19 in the current year which requires the Company to recognize gains and losses on the settlement of a defined benefit plan when the settlement occurs.
The Company determines the net interest expense (income) on the net defined benefit liability (asset) for the period by applying the discount rate used to measure the defined benefit obligation at the beginning of the annual period to the then-net defined benefit liability (asset), taking into account any changes in the net defined benefit liability (asset) during the period as a result of contributions and benefit payments. Net interest on the net defined benefit liability (asset) can be viewed as comprising interest income on plan assets, interest cost on the defined benefit obligation and interest on the effect of the asset ceiling. Prior to adopting this amendment, the Company measured the interest on plan assets based on the long-term expected rate of return.
The Company has not applied the amendment retrospectively since management believes the impact of the application of this standardamendments on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.statements is clearly immaterial.
IFRIC 20—Stripping Costs in the Production Phase of a Surface Mine
(vi) | IFRIC 20, ‘Stripping Costs in the Production Phase of a Surface Mine’ |
The interpretation provides accounting for the costs from waste removal activity (stripping). To the extent that the benefit from the stripping activity is realized in the form of inventory produced, the
entity shall account for the costs of that stripping activity in accordance with the principles of IAS 2 Inventories. To the extent the benefit is improved access to ore, the entity shall recognize these costs as a non-current asset, if the criteria in paragraph 9 below are met. This Interpretation refers to the non-current asset as the ‘stripping activity asset’.
The Company shall recognize a stripping activity asset if, and only if, all of the following are met:
It is probable that the future economic benefit (improved access to the ore body) associated with the stripping activity will flow to the entity;
the entity can identify the component of the ore body for which access has been improved; and
the costs relating to the stripping activity associated with that component can be measured reliably.
In accordance with the interpretation, isthe Company has applied it prospectively beginning January 1, 2013. However PT Bayan Resources TBK (PT Bayan), one of the equity method investments of the Company, has retrospectively applied the interpretation and has restated its comparative financial statements to adjust the stripping activity costs that do not meet the criteria for asset recognition in the interpretation. The Company reflected this adjustment of ₩31,529 million due to the change in accounting policy as a loss on its equity method investment during the year ended December 31, 2013.
(6) | New standards and interpretations not yet adopted |
The following new standards, interpretations and amendments to existing standards have been published for mandatory application for annual periods beginning after January 1, 2014, and the Company has not early adopted them.
(i) | IFRS 7, ‘Financial Instruments: Disclosures’ |
The amendments to IFRS 7 will require changes to the presentation of offsetting financial assets and financial liabilities. The amendments to IFRS 7 are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. The Company does not anticipate the application of the interpretation will have no effect to the Company’s financial statements as the Company does not engage in such activities.2014.
(ii) | IFRIC 21, ‘Levies’ |
The interpretation covers the accounting for outflows imposed on entities by governments (including government agencies and similar bodies) in accordance with laws and/or regulations. The amendments to IFRS 7 are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2014. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact on the consolidated financial statements upon the adoption of the amendments.
(7) | Reclassification of items |
The Company has reclassified certain current trade and other payables to current provisions in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. The provisions represent management’s estimated incentive compensation to be paid based on individual performance evaluations or management assessments. The impacts of reclassification of accounts are as below:
2011 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Before | After | Difference | Before | After | Difference | |||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consolidated statement of financial position | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trade and other payables | 6,576,158 | 5,967,442 | (608,716 | ) | 6,418,464 | 5,601,852 | (816,612 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Current provisions | 92,383 | 701,099 | 608,716 | 158,303 | 974,915 | 816,612 | ||||||||||||||||||
Consolidated statement of cash flow | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accretion expense in provisions, net | 433,374 | 421,364 | (12,010 | ) | 788,371 | 843,047 | 54,676 | |||||||||||||||||
Change in provisions | (289,237 | ) | (264,898 | ) | 24,339 | (74,638 | ) | 78,581 | 153,219 | |||||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) in non-trade payables | (7,882 | ) | (298,356 | ) | (290,474 | ) | 573,517 | 224,567 | (348,949 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Decrease in accrued expenses | 30,386 | 308,531 | 278,145 | (126,857 | ) | 14,197 | 141,054 |
The above reclassification does not have an impact on the net assets, net profits and losses or loss per share of the prior periods.
3. | Significant Accounting Policies |
(1) | Basis of |
The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and entities (including special purpose entities) controlled by the Company (or one of its subsidiary)subsidiaries). Control is achieved where the Company has the power to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities.
Income and expensesexpense of a subsidiary acquired or disposed of during the year are included in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income (loss) from the effective date of acquisition and up to the effective date of disposal, as appropriate. Total comprehensive income of subsidiaries is attributed to the owners of the Company and to the non-controlling interests even if this results in the non-controlling interests having a deficit balance.
When necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring their accounting policies into line with those usedof the Company.
All intra-group transactions, balances, incomeTransactions between the Company and expensesits subsidiaries are eliminated in full upon consolidation forduring the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010.consolidation.
Changes in the Company’s ownership interests in a subsidiary that do not result in the Company losing control over the subsidiary are accounted for as equity transactions. The carrying amounts of the Company’s interests and the non-controlling interests are adjusted to reflect the changes in their relative interests in the subsidiary. Any difference between the amount by which the non-controlling interests are adjusted and the fair value of the consideration paid or received is recognized directly in equity and attributed to owners of the Company.
When the Company loses control of a subsidiary, the income or loss on disposal is calculated as the difference between (i) the aggregate of the fair value of the consideration received and the fair value of any retained interest and (ii) the previous carrying amount of the assets (including goodwill), and liabilities of the subsidiary and any non-controlling interests. When assets of the subsidiary are carried at revalued amounts or fair values and the related cumulative gain or loss has been recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity, the amounts previously recognized in other comprehensive income and
accumulated in equity are accounted for as if the Company had directly disposed of the relevant assets (i.e. reclassified to income or loss or transferred directly to retained earnings). The fair value of any investment retained in the former subsidiary
at the date when control is lost is recognized as the fair value on initial recognition for subsequent accounting under IAS 39,Financial Instruments: ‘Financial Instruments’: Recognition and Measurement or, when applicable, the cost on initial recognition of an investment in an associate or a jointly controlled entity.
Business |
Acquisitions of businesses areA business combination is accounted for usingby applying the acquisition method. method, unless it is a combination involving entities or businesses under common control.
The consideration transferred in a business combination is measured at fair value, which is calculated as the sum of the acquisition-date fair values of the assets transferred by the Company, liabilities incurred by the Company to the former owners of the acquiree and the equity interests issued by the Company in exchange for control of the acquiree. Acquisition-related costs are generally recognized in income or loss as incurred.
At the acquisition date, the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed are recognized at their fair value at the acquisition date, except that:
|
deferred tax assets or liabilities and liabilities or assets related to employee benefit arrangements are recognized and measured in accordance with IAS 12, ‘Income Taxes’ and IAS 19, ‘Employee Benefits’ respectively;
|
Assets (or disposal groups) that are classified as held for sale in accordance with IFRS 5, ‘Non-current Assets Held for Sale’ are measured in accordance with that standard.
Goodwill is measured as the excess of the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree, and the fair value of the acquirer’s previously held equity interest in the acquiree (if any) over the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. If, after reassessment, net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed exceeds the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree and the fair value of the acquirer’s previously held interest in the acquiree (if any), the excess is recognized immediately in income or loss as a bargain purchase gain.
Non-controlling interest that is present on acquisition day and if it entitles the holder to a proportionate share of the entity’s net assets in an event of a liquidation, the non-controlling interest may be initially measured either at fair value or at the non-controlling interest’s proportionate share of the recognized amounts of the acquiree’s identifiable net assets. The choice of measurement can be elected on a transaction-by-transaction basis. Other types of non-controlling interests are measured at fair value or, when applicable, on the basis specified in other IFRSsIFRSs.
When the consideration transferred by the Company in a business combination includes assets or liabilities resulting from a contingent consideration arrangement, the contingent consideration is measured at its acquisition-date fair value and included as part of the consideration transferred in a business combination. Changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration that qualify as measurement period adjustments are adjusted retrospectively, with corresponding adjustments against goodwill. Measurement period adjustments are adjustments that arise from additional information obtained during the ‘measurement period’ (which cannot exceed one year from the acquisition date) about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date.
The subsequent accounting for changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration that do not qualify as measurement period adjustments depends on how the contingent consideration is classified. Contingent consideration that is classified as equity is not remeasuredre-measured at subsequent reporting dates and its subsequent settlement is accounted for within equity. Contingent consideration that is classified as an asset or a liability is remeasuredre-measured at subsequent reporting dates in accordance with IAS 39,Financial ‘Financial Instruments: Recognitionand MeasurementMeasurement’, or with IAS 37,Provisions, ‘Provisions’, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets,, as appropriate, with the corresponding gain or loss being recognized in income or loss.
When a business combination is achieved in stages, the Company’s previously held equity interest in the acquiree is remeasuredre-measured to fair value at the acquisition date (i.e. the date when the Company obtains control)
and the resulting gain or loss, if any, is recognized in income or loss. Amounts arising from interests in the acquiree prior to the acquisition date that have previously been recognized in other comprehensive income are reclassified to income or loss where such treatment would be appropriate if that interest were disposed of.
If the initial accounting for a business combination is incomplete by the end of the reporting period in which the combination occurs, the Company reports provisional amounts for the items for which the accounting is incomplete. Those provisional amounts are adjusted during the measurement period (see above), or additional assets or liabilities are recognized, to reflect new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date that, if known, would have affected the amounts recognized at that date.
Investments in associates |
An associate is an entity over which the Company has significant influence and that is neither a subsidiary nor an interest in a joint venture. Significant influence is the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee but does not have control or joint control over those policies.
The results and assets and liabilities of associates are incorporated in these consolidated financial statements using the equity method of accounting, except whenaccounting. If the investment is classified as held for sale, in which case it is accounted for in accordance with IFRS 5Non-current ‘Non-current Assets Held for SaleSale’, any retained portion of an investment in associates that has not been classified as held for sale shall be accounted for using the equity method until disposal of the portion that is classified as held for sale takes place. If the Company holds 20% ~ 50% of the voting power of the investee, it is presumed that the Company has significant influence.
After the disposal takes place, the Company shall account for any retained interest in associates in accordance with IAS 39 ‘Financial Instruments: Recognition and Discontinued Operations. Measurement’ unless the retained interest continues to be an associates, in which case the entity uses the equity method.
Under the equity method, an investment in an associate is initially recognized in the consolidated statement of financial position at cost and adjusted thereafter to recognize the Company’s share of the income or loss and other comprehensive income of the associate. When the Company’s share of losses of an associate exceeds the Company’s interest in that associate (which includes any long-term interests that, in substance, form part of the Company’s net investment in the associate), the Company discontinues recognizing its share of further losses. Additional losses are recognized only to the extent that the Company has incurred legal or constructive obligations or made payments on behalf of the associate.
Any excess of the cost of acquisition over the Company’s share of the net fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities of an associate recognized at the date of acquisition is recognized as goodwill, which is included within the carrying amount of the investment. Any excess of the Company’s share of the net fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities over the cost of acquisition, after reassessment, is recognized immediately in income or loss.
The requirements of IAS 39,Financial ‘Financial Instruments: Recognition and MeasurementMeasurement’, are applied to determine whether it is necessary to recognize any impairment loss with respect to the Company’s investment in an associate. When necessary, the entire carrying amount of the investment (including goodwill) is tested for impairment in accordance with IAS 36Impairment ‘Impairment of AssetsAssets’ as a single asset by comparing its recoverable amount (higher of value in use and fair value less costs to sell) with its carrying amount, any impairment loss recognized forms part of the carrying amount of the investment. Any reversal of that impairment loss is recognized in accordance with IAS 36 to the extent that the recoverable amount of the investment subsequently increases.
Upon disposal of an associate that results in the Company losing significant influence over that associate, any retained investment is measured at fair value at that date and the fair value is regarded as its fair value
on initial recognition as a financial asset in accordance with IAS 39.36. The difference between the previous carrying amount of the associate attributable to the retained interest and its fair value is included in the determination of the gain or loss on disposal of the associate. In addition, the Company accounts for all amounts previously recognized in other comprehensive income in relation to that associate on the same basis as would be required if that associate had directly disposed of the related assets or liabilities. Therefore, if a gain or loss previously recognized in other comprehensive income by that associate would be reclassified to income or loss on the disposal of the related assets or liabilities, the Company reclassifies the gain or loss from equity to income or loss (as a reclassification adjustment) when it loses significant influence over that associate.
When a groupCompany entity transacts with its associate, incomes and losses resulting from the transactions with the associate are recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements only to the extent of interests in the associate that are not related to the Company.
A joint venturearrangement is a contractualan arrangement wherebyof which two or more parties have joint control. Joint control is the Company and other parties undertakecontractually agreed sharing of control of an economic activity that is subject to joint control (i.e.arrangement, which exists only when decisions about the strategic financial and operating policy decisions relating to therelevant activities of the joint venture require the unanimous consent of the parties sharing control).control. Joint arrangements are classified into two types—joint operations and joint ventures. A joint operation is a joint arrangement whereby the parties that have joint control of the arrangement (i.e. joint operators) have rights to the assets, and obligations for the liabilities, relating to the arrangement. A joint venture arrangementsis a joint arrangement whereby the parties that involvehave joint control of the establishmentarrangement (i.e. joint venturers) have rights to the net assets of the arrangement.
If the Company is a separate entityjoint operator, the Company is to recognize and measure the assets and liabilities (and recognize the related revenues and expenses) in which each venturer has anrelation to its interest are referredin the arrangement in accordance with relevant IFRSs applicable to as jointly controlled entities.
Thethe particular assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. If the joint arrangement is a joint venture, the Company reports its interests in jointly controlled entitiesis to account for that investment using the equity method accounting in accordance with IAS 28, ‘Investment in Associates and Joint Ventures’ (see note 3 (3)), except when the investmentCompany is classified as held for sale, in which case it is accounted for in accordance withapplicable to the IFRS 5,Non-current ‘Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued OperationsSale’. Any goodwill arising on the acquisition of the Company’s interest in a jointly controlled entity is accounted for in accordance with the Company’s accounting policy for goodwill arising in a business combination. When the Company transacts with its jointly controlled entity, income and loss resulting from jointly controlled entities are recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements only to the extent of interests in the jointly controlled entity that are not related to the Company.
Non-current |
Non-current assets and disposal groups are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. This condition is regarded as met only when the sale is highly probable and the non-current asset (or disposal group) is available for immediate sale in its present condition. Management must be committed to the sale, which should be expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale within one year from the date of classification.
When the Company is committed to a sale plan involving loss of control of a subsidiary, all of the assets and liabilities of that subsidiary are classified as held for sale when the criteria described above are met, regardless of whether the Company will retain a non-controlling interest in its former subsidiary after the sale.
Non-current assets (and disposal groups) classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of their previous carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell.
Goodwill |
The Company measures goodwill which acquired in a business combination at the amount recognized at the date on which it obtains control of the acquiree (acquisition date) less any accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill acquired in a business combination is allocated to each CGU that is expected to benefit from the synergies arising from the goodwill acquired.
The Company assesses at the end of each reporting period whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of an asset or a CGU exceeds its recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognized in profit or loss.
Any impairment identified at the CGU level will first reduce the carrying value of goodwill and then be used to reduce the carrying amount of the other assets in the CGU on a pro rata basis. Except for impairment losses in respect of goodwill which are never reversed, an impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortization, if no impairment loss had been recognized.
(7) | Revenue recognition |
Revenue from the sale of goods, rendering of services or use of the Company assets is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable.receivable, net of returns, trade discounts and volume rebates, and are recognized as a reduction of revenue. Revenue is reduced for estimated customer returns, rebatesrecognized when the amount of revenue can be measured reliably and other similar allowances.it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company.
The Korean government approves the rates the Company chargescharged to the customers forby the Company’s power transmission and distribution division. The Company’s utility rates are designed to recover the Company’s reasonable costs plus a fair investment return. The Company’s power generation subsidiaries’ rates are determined in the market.
The Company recognizes electricity sales revenue based on power sold (transferred to the customer) up to the reporting date. To determine the amount of power sold, the Company estimates daily power volumes of electricity for residential, commercial, general etc electricity.and etc. The differences between the current month’s estimated amount and actual (meter-read) amount, is adjusted for (trued-up) during the next month period.
Revenue from a contract to provide services rendered is recognized by referencein profit or loss in proportion to the stage of completion of the contract. Refertransaction at the reporting date. The stage of completion is assessed by reference to Note 2 (8) below for Construction contract related revenue recognition.surveys of work performed or services performed to date as a percentage of total services to be performed or the proportion that costs incurred to date bear to the estimated total costs of the transaction or other methods that reliably measures the services performed.
Dividend income and interest income |
Dividend income from investments is recognized whenin profit or loss on the shareholder’sdate that the Company’s right to receive payment has beenis established, (provided that itwhich in the case of quoted securities is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably).ex-dividend date.
Interest income from a financial asset is recognized whenas it is probable thataccrues in profit or loss, using the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably.effective interest method. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to that asset’s net carrying amount on initial recognition.
Rental income |
The Company’s policy for recognition of revenue from operating leases is described in Note 2note 3 (9) below.
Deferral of revenue—Transfer of |
The Company recovers a substantial amount of the cost related to its electric power distribution facilities from customers through the transfer of assets, while the remaining portion is recovered through electricity sales from such customers in the future. As such, the Company believes there exists a continued service obligation to the customers in accordance with IFRIC 18,Transfer ‘Transfer of Assets from Customers,Customers’ when the Company receives an item of property, equipment, or cash for constructing or acquiring an item of a property or equipment, in exchange for supplying electricity to customers. The Company defers the amounts received, which are then recognized as revenue over the estimated service period which does not exceed the transferred asset’s useful life.
(8) | Construction |
The Company provides services related to the construction of power plantplants related to facilities toof its customers, mostly in foreign countries.
When the outcome of a construction contract can be estimated reliably, revenue and costs are recognized based on the stage of completion of the contract activity at the end of the reporting period, measured based on the proportion of contract costs incurred for work performed to date relative to the estimated total contract costs, except where this would not be representative of the stage of completion. Variations in contract work, claims and incentive payments are included to the extent that the amount can be measured reliably and its receipt is considered probable.
When the outcome of a construction contract cannot be estimated reliably, contract revenue is recognized to the extent of contract costs incurred thatwhen it is probable the revenue will be recoverable.realized. Contract costs are recognized as expenses in the period in which they are incurred. When it is probable that total contract costs will exceed total contract revenue, the expected loss is recognized as an expense immediately.
When contract costs incurred to date plus recognized income less recognized losses exceed progress billings, the surplus is shown as amounts due from customers for contract work. For contracts where progress billings exceed contract costs incurred to date plus recognized income less recognized losses, the surplus is shown as the amounts due to customers for contract work. Amounts received before the related
work is performed are included in the consolidated statementstatements of financial position, as a liability, as advances received. Amounts billed for work performed but not yet paid by the customer are included in the consolidated statementstatements of financial position under accountas accounts and other receivables.
(9) |
The Company classifies and accounts for leases as either a finance or operating lease, depending on the terms. Leases are classified as finance leases wheneverwhere the terms of the lease transferCompany assumes substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee.are classified as finance leases. All other leases are classified as operating leases.
The Company as lessor |
Amounts due from lessees under finance leases are recognized as receivables at the amount of the Company’s net investment in the leases. Finance lease income is allocated to accounting periods so as to reflect a constant periodic rate of return on the Company’s net investment outstanding in respect of the leases.
Rental income from operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant lease. Initial direct costs incurred in negotiating and arranging an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the leased asset and recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The Company as lessee |
Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee. All other leases are classified as operating leases.
Assets held under finance leases are initially recognized as assets of the Company at their fair value at the inception of the lease or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding liability to the lessor is included in the statement of financial position as a finance lease obligation.
Lease payments are apportioned between finance expenses and reduction of the lease obligation so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance expenses are recognized immediately in income or loss, unless they are directly attributable to qualifying assets, in which case they are capitalized in accordance with the Company’s general policy on borrowing costs. Contingent rentals are recognized as expenses in the periods in which they are incurred.
Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term, except where another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leased asset are consumed. Contingent rentals arising under operating leases are recognized as an expense in the period in which they are incurred.
In the event that lease incentives are received to enter into operating leases, such incentives are recognized as a liability. The aggregate benefit of incentives is recognized as a reduction of rental expense on a straight-line basis, except where another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leased asset are consumed.
(10) | Foreign currencies |
The individual financial statements of each subsidiaryTransactions in foreign currencies are presented intranslated to the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (itsrespective functional currency). For the purpose of the consolidated financial statements, the results and financial position of each Company entity are expressed in KRW which is the functional currencycurrencies of the Company and the presentation currency for the consolidated financial statements.
In preparing the financial statements of the individual entities transactions in currencies other than the entity’s functional currency (foreign currencies) are recognized at theexchange rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. At the end of each reporting period, monetary itemsMonetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated atto the rates prevailing at that date.functional currency using the reporting date’s exchange rate. Non-monetary items carried at fair value that areassets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies that are measured at fair value are retranslated to the functional currency at the rates prevailingexchange rate at the date whenthat the fair value was determined. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated.
Exchange differences are recognized in incomeprofit or loss in the period in which they arise except for:
Exchange differences on foreign currency borrowings relating to assets under construction for future productive use, which are included in the cost of those assets when they are regarded as an adjustment to interest costs on those foreign currency borrowings;
Exchange differences on transactions entered into in order to hedge certain foreign currency risks; and
Exchange differences on monetary items receivable from or payable to a foreign operation for which settlement is neither planned nor likely to occur (therefore forming part of the net investment in the foreign operation), which are recognized initially in other comprehensive income and reclassified from equity to income or loss on disposal or partial disposal of the net investment.
For the purpose of presenting consolidated financial statements, the assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign operations are expressed in KRWKorean won using exchange rates prevailing at the end of the reporting period. Income and expense items are translated at the average exchange rates for the period, unless exchange rates fluctuated significantly during that period, in which case the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions are used. Exchange differences arising, if any, are recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity (attributed to non-controlling interests as appropriate).equity.
On the disposal ofWhen a foreign operation (i.e. a disposalis disposed of, the Company’s entire interestrelevant amount in a foreign operation, or a disposal involving loss of control over a subsidiary that includes a foreign operation, loss of joint control over a jointly controlled entity that includes a foreign operation,the translation is transferred to profit or loss of significant influence over an associate that includes a foreign operation), allas part of the accumulated exchange differences in respect of that operation attributable to the Company are reclassified to incomeprofit or loss. Any exchange differences that have previously been attributed to non-controlling interests are derecognized, but they are not reclassified to income or loss.
In addition, in relation to a partial disposal of a subsidiary that does not result in the Company losing control over the subsidiary, the proportionate share of accumulated exchange differences are re-attributed to non-controlling interests and are not recognized in income or loss. For all other partial disposals (i.e. partial disposals of associates or jointly controlled entities that do not result in the Company losing significant influence or joint control), the proportionate share of the accumulated exchange differences is reclassified to income or loss.
Goodwill and fair value adjustmentsloss on identifiable assets and liabilities acquired arising on the acquisition of a foreign operation are treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign operation and translated at the rate of exchange prevailing at the end of each reporting period. Exchange differences arising are recognized in equity.disposal.
(11) | Borrowing costs |
BorrowingThe Company capitalizes borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying assets, whichasset as part of the cost of that asset. Other borrowing costs are assetsrecognized in expense as incurred. A qualifying asset is an asset that necessarily takerequires a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for theirits intended use or sale.
Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalization.
All other borrowing costs are recognized in income or loss in the period in which they are incurred.
(12) | Government grants |
Government grants are not recognized untilunless there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the grant’s conditions attached to the grants and that the receipt of the grants are probable.grant will be received.
Government grants are recognized in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income over the periods in which the Company recognizes the related costs, for which the grants are intended to compensate as expense. Specifically, government grants, which are conditional to the Company purchasing, constructing or otherwise acquiring non-current assets, are recognized as deductions for related assets in the consolidated statement of financial position and transferred to income or loss over the estimated useful lives of the related assets.
Government grants that are receivable as compensation for expenses or losses already incurred or for the purpose of giving immediate financial support to the Company with no future related costs are recognized in income or loss in the period in which they become receivable.
In addition, a benefitBenefit from a government loan at a below-market interest rate is treated as a government grant, measured as the difference between proceeds received and the fair value of the loan based on prevailing market interest rates.
(i) | If the Company received grants related to assets |
Government grants whose primary condition is that the Company purchase, construct or otherwise acquire long-term assets are deducted in calculating the carrying amount of the asset. The grant is recognized in profit or loss over the life of a depreciable asset as a reduced depreciation expense.
(ii) | If the Company received grants related to income |
Government grants which are intended to compensate the Company for expenses incurred are recognized as other income (government grants) in profit or loss over the periods in which the Company recognizes the related costs as expenses.
(13) | Employee benefits |
(i) | Retirement |
PaymentsWhen an employee has rendered service to the Company during a period, the Company recognizes the contribution payable to a defined contribution plans are expensedplan in exchange for that service as incurred, which is as the related employee service is rendered.a liability (accrued expense), after deducting any contribution already paid.
(ii) | Retirement benefits: defined benefit plans |
For defined benefit pension plans and other post-employment benefits, the net periodic pension expense is actuarially determined on an annual basisby “Pension Actuarial System” developed by independent actuaries using the projected unit credit method.
The asset or liability recognized in the statement of financial position is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets, together with adjustments for unrecognized past service costs. The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows using interest rates of high-quality corporate bonds that are denominated in the currency in which the benefits will be paid and that have terms to maturity approximating the terms of the related pension liability.
All actuarial gains and losses that arise in calculating the present value of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets are recognized immediately in retained earnings and included in the statement of comprehensive income.
For the purpose of calculating the expected return on plan assets, the assets are valued at fair value. Actual results will differ from results which are estimated based on assumptions. The vested portion of pastPast service cost arising from plan amendments is recognized immediately inas an expense at the income statement. The unvested portion is amortized on a straight-line basis overearlier of the average remaining period untilfollowing dates: (a) when the benefits become vested.plan amendment or curtailment occurs; (b) when the company recognizes related restructuring costs or termination benefits.
The retirement benefit obligation recognized in the consolidated statement of financial position represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognized actuarial
gains and losses and unrecognized past service cost, and as reduced by the fair value of plan assets. Any asset resulting from this calculation is limited to unrecognized actuarial losses and past service cost, plus the present value of available refunds and reductions in future contributions to the plan.
(14) | Income |
Income tax consists ofexpense comprises current and deferred tax. Current tax and deferred tax.tax are recognized in profit or loss except to the extent that it relates to a business combination, or items recognized directly in equity or in other comprehensive income.
Current tax |
TheCurrent tax currentlyis the expected tax payable is basedor receivable on the taxable incomeprofit or loss for the year. Taxable income differs from income as reported in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible. The Company’s liability for current tax is calculatedyear, using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted byat the end of the reporting period.period and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years. The taxable profit is different from the accounting profit for the period since the taxable profit is calculated excluding the temporary differences, which will be taxable or deductible in determining taxable profit (tax loss) of future periods, and non-taxable or non-deductible items from the accounting profit.
Deferred tax |
Deferred tax is recognized, onusing the asset-liability method, in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the consolidatedfor financial statementsreporting purposes and the correspondingamounts used for taxation purposes. A deferred tax bases used in the computation of taxable income. Deferred tax liabilities are generallyliability is recognized for all taxable temporary differences. DeferredA deferred tax assets are generallyasset is recognized for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable incomeprofit will be available against which those deductible temporary differencesthey can be utilized. SuchHowever, deferred tax assets and liabilities areis not recognized iffor the following temporary difference arises from goodwill or fromdifferences: taxable temporary differences arising on the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of othergoodwill, or the initial recognition of assets andor liabilities in a transaction that is not a business combination and that affects neither theaccounting profit or loss nor taxable income nor the accounting income.
Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries and associates, and interests in joint ventures, except where the Company is able to control the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. Deferred tax assets arising from deductible temporary differences associated with such investments and interests are only recognized to the extent that it is probable that there will be sufficient taxable income against which to utilize the benefits of the temporary differences and they are expected to reverse in the foreseeable future.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable income will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realized, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets or deferred tax liabilities on investment properties measured at fair value, unless any contrary evidence exists, are measured using the assumption that the carrying amount of the property will be recovered entirely through sale.
The Company recognizes a deferred tax liability for all taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates, and interests in joint ventures, except to the extent that the Company is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. The Company recognizes a deferred tax asset for all deductible temporary differences arising from investments in subsidiaries and associates, to the extent that it is probable that the temporary difference will reverse in the foreseeable future and taxable profit will be available against which the temporary difference can be utilized.
The carrying amount of a deferred tax asset is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduces the carrying amount to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow the benefit of part or all of that deferred tax asset to be utilized.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply to the period when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset only if there is a legally enforceable right to offset the related current tax liabilities and assets, and they relate to income taxes levied by the same tax authority and they intend to settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis.
Current and deferred tax for the year |
Current and deferred tax are recognized in income or loss, except when they relate to items that are recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively. Where current tax or deferred tax arises from the initial accounting for a business combination, the tax effect is included in the accounting for the business combination.
(15) | Property, plant and equipment |
Property, plant and equipment are statedinitially measured at cost and after initial recognition, are carried at cost less subsequent accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment isincludes expenditures arising directly attributable to their purchasefrom the construction or construction, which includesacquisition of the asset, any costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location
and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management. It also includesmanagement and the initial estimate of the costs of dismantling and removing the item and restoring the site on which it is located.
Subsequent costs are recognized in the carrying amount of an assetproperty, plant and equipment at cost or, if appropriate, as an assetseparate items if it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the assetsitem will flow intoto the Company and the cost of an assetthe item can be measured reliably. Routine maintenance and repairsThe carrying amount of the replaced part is derecognized. The costs of the day-to-day servicing are expensedrecognized in profit or loss as incurred.
The Company does not depreciate land. Depreciation expense is computed using theProperty, plant and equipment, except for land, are depreciated on a straight-line method based on thebasis over estimated useful yearslives that appropriately reflect the pattern in which the asset’s future economic benefits are expected to be consumed. For loaded nuclear fuel related to long-term raw materials and spent nuclear fuels related to asset retirement costs, the Company uses the production method to measure and recognizes as expense the economic benefits of the assetsassets.
The estimated useful lives of the Company’s property, plant and equipment are as follows:
Buildings | 8 ~ 40 | |
Structures | 8 ~ 50 | |
Machinery | 6 ~ 32 | |
Vehicles | 4 | |
Loaded heavy water | 30 | |
Asset retirement costs | 18, 30, 40 | |
Finance lease assets | 20 | |
Ships | 9 | |
Others | 4 ~ 9 |
For loaded nuclear fuel (PWR) and asset retirement costs relatedA component that is significant compared to long-term raw materials, the Company uses the production method to measure and recognize as expense the economic benefits of the assets.
If thetotal cost of a part of property, plant and equipment is significant compared to the overall total cost of the property, plant and equipment, the cost of the part is separately depreciated from the related property, plant and equipment.
The Company reviews the depreciation method, the estimatedover its separate useful life. Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values of property, plant and equipmentare reviewed at the end of each annual reporting period. If expectation differs from previous estimates, the changes were accounted for as a change in an accounting estimate. During the current period, the Company changed the estimated useful lives of the certain buildings. In result of the change in accounting estimate, depreciation expenses were reduced by KRW 85,388 million for the current yeardate and expected to be reduced by KRW 57,378 million, KRW 31,979 million and KRW 22,158 million for each of the three years following the current year, respectively.adjusted, if appropriate.
Property, plant and equipment are derecognized on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Gains or losses arising from derecognition of a property, plant and equipment, measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset, are recognized in income or loss when the asset is derecognized.
(16) | Investment property |
Investment properties are propertiesProperty held to earnfor the purpose of earning rentals and/or forbenefiting from capital appreciation (includingis classified as investment property. Investment property under construction for such purposes). Investment properties are measuredis initially at cost, including transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, investment properties are measured at its cost. Transaction costs are included in the initial acquisitionmeasurement. Subsequently, investment property is carried at depreciated cost less any subsequent accumulated depreciation and subsequent accumulated impairment losses.
AdditionalSubsequent costs incurred subsequent to the acquisition of an asset increaseare recognized in the carrying amount of the assetinvestment property at cost or, recognizedif appropriate, as a separate assetitems if it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the assetsitem will flow intoto the Company and the cost of an assetthe item can be measured reliably. Routine maintenance and repairsThe carrying amount of the replaced part is derecognized. The costs of the day-to-day servicing are expensedrecognized in profit or loss as incurred.
WhileInvestment property except for land, is notare depreciated all other investment property is depreciated based on the respective assets estimated useful lives ranging froma straight-line basis over 8 ~ 40 years using the straight-line method.as estimated useful lives.
The estimated useful lives, residual values and depreciation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis.
An investment property is derecognized upon disposal or when the investment property is permanently withdrawn from use and no future economic benefits are expected from the disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the property (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in income or loss in the period in which the property is derecognized.
(17) | Intangible assets |
Intangible assets acquired separately |
Intangible assets with finite useful lives that are acquired separately are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses. Amortization is recognized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The estimated useful life and amortization method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate being accounted for on a prospective basis. Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives that are acquired separately are carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses.
Expenditure on research activities is recognized as an expense in the period in which it is incurred.
An internally-generated intangible asset arising from development (or from the development phase of an internal project) is recognized if, and only if, all of the following have been demonstrated:
theThe technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that it will be available for use or sale;
theThe intention to complete the intangible asset and use or sell it;
theThe ability to use or sell the intangible asset;
howHow the intangible asset will generate probable future economic benefits;
theThe availability of adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the development and to use or sell the intangible asset; and
theThe ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development.
The amount initially recognized for internally-generated intangible assets is the sum of the expenditure incurred from the date when the intangible asset first meets the recognition criteria listed above. When the development expenditure does not meet the criteria listed above, an internally-generated intangible asset cannot be recognized and the expenditure is recognized in income or loss in the period in which it is incurred.
Internally-generated intangible assets are reported at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses.
The estimated useful lives and amortization methods of the Company’s intangible assets with finite useful lives are as follows:
Useful lives (years) | Amortization methods | |||
Usage rights for donated assets | 4 ~ 30 | Straight | ||
Software | 4, 5 | Straight | ||
Industrial rights | 5, 10 | Straight | ||
Development expenses | 5 | Straight | ||
Dam usage right | 50 | Straight | ||
Mining right | — | Unit of production | ||
Others | 4 ~ 20, 50 | Straight |
Intangible assets acquired in a business combination |
Intangible assets that are acquired in a business combination are recognized separately from goodwill are initially recognized at their fair value at the acquisition date (which is regarded as their cost).
Subsequent to initial recognition, intangible assets acquired in a business combination are reported at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, on the same basis as intangible assets that are acquired separately.
Derecognition of intangible assets |
An intangible asset is derecognized on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset, measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset, and are recognized in income or loss when the asset is derecognized.
As of December 31, 2012, the estimated useful years and amortization method of intangible assets with finite useful lives are as follows (KRW in millions):
(18) |
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Impairment of |
At the end of each reporting period, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets with definite useful lives to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. Where a reasonable and consistent basis of allocation can be identified, corporate assets are also allocated to individual cash-generating units, or otherwise they are allocated to the smallest group of cash-generating units for which a reasonable and consistent allocation basis can be identified.
Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and intangible assets not yet available for use are tested for impairment at least annually, and whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired.
Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.
If the recoverable amount of an asset (or a cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or the cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognized immediately in income or loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation decrease.
When an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or a cash-generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does
not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset (or cash-generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognized immediately in income or loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal of the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation increase.
(19) | Inventories |
Inventories are statedmeasured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost of inventories, except for those in transit, are measured under the weighted average method and consists of the purchase price, cost of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.
Net realizable value representsis the estimated selling price for inventoriesin the ordinary course of business, less allthe estimated costs of completion and costs necessary to make the sale.
selling expenses. The carrying amount of inventories sold in the period and the amount of any write-down of inventories to net realizable value and all losses of inventories are recognized as an expense in the period; lessperiod the write-down or loss occurs. The amount of any reversal in the period of any write-down of the inventories, arising from an increase in net realizable value, isare recognized as a reduction in the amount of inventories recognized as an expense duringin the period.period in which the reversal occurs.
(20) | Provisions |
Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legallegal or constructive)constructive obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that the Companyan outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.
The amount recognized as a provision isrisks and uncertainties that inevitably surround many events and circumstances are taken into account in reaching the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (whereprovision. Where the effect of the time value of money is material).material, provisions are determined at the present value of the expected future cash flows.
WhenWhere some or all of the economic benefitsexpenditures required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a thirdreimbursed by another party, a receivable isthe reimbursement shall be recognized as an asset ifwhen, and only when, it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received andif the amount ofentity settles the receivable canobligation. The reimbursement shall be measured reliably.treated as a separate asset.
Increase in provisions due to passage of time is recognized as finance expense during the period. AtProvisions are reviewed at the end of each reporting period the remaining provision balance is reviewed and assessedadjusted to determine ifreflect the current best estimate is being recognized.estimates. If the existence of an obligation to transfer economic benefitit is no longer probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the relatedobligation, the provision is reversed during the period.
Provisions for estimated future costs are discounted to present value, based on a discount rate which reflects the current market assessment of the time value of money, risks specific to the liability and pre-tax.reversed.
The Company records the fair value of estimated decommissioning costs as a liability in the period in which the Company incurs a legal obligation associated with retirement of long-lived assets that result from acquisition, construction, development and/or normal use of the assets. The Company also recognizes a corresponding asset that is depreciated over the life of the asset. Accretion expense consists of period-to-period changes in the liability for decommissioning costs resulting from the passage of time and revisions to either the timing or the amount of the original estimate of undiscounted cash flows. Depreciation and accretion expenses are included in cost of sales of goods in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
Under the Korean Electricity Business Act (EBA) Article 94, the Company is required to record a liability for the dismantling (demolition) of nuclear power plants and disposal of spent fuel and low and intermediate radioactive wastes.
Provision for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (“PCB”) |
Under the regulation of Persistent Organic Pollutants Management Act, enacted in 2007, the Company is required to remove polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), a toxin, from the insulating oil of its
transformers by 2025. As a result of the enactments, the Company is required to inspect the PCBs contents of transformers and dispose of PCBs in excess of safety standards under the legally settled procedures. The Company’s estimates and assumptions used to determine fair value can be affected by many factors, such as the estimated costs of inspection and disposal, inflation rate, discount rate, regulations and the general economy.
Provision for decommissioning costs of nuclear power plants |
The Company records the fair value of estimated decommissioning costs as a liability in the period in which the Company incurs a legal obligation associated with retirement of long-lived assets that result from acquisition, construction, development and/or normal use of the assets. Accretion expense consists of period-to-period changes in the liability for decommissioning costs resulting from the passage of time and revisions to either the timing or the amount of the original estimate of undiscounted cash flows.
(iii) | Provision for disposal of spent nuclear fuel |
Under the Radioactive Waste Management Act, the Company is levied to pay the spent nuclear fuel fund for the management of spent nuclear fuel. The Company recognizes the provision of present value of the payments.
(iv) | Provision for low and intermediate radioactive wastes |
Under the Radioactive Waste Management Act, the Company recognizes the provision for the disposal of low and intermediate radioactive wastes in best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation.
(v) | Provisions for power plant regional support program |
In accordance with regulations on nuclear and hydro-electric power plants’ social responsibility to support the surrounding communities of the power plants sites; KHNP, the Company’s nuclear generation subsidiary, accrues 0.25won per KWH of KHNP’s generation volume from two periods prior, as a provision for power plant regional support program during the year. Power plant regional support programs consist of scholarship programs to local students, local economy support programs, local culture support programs, environment development programs, and local welfare programs. The Company recognizes the provision in relation to power plant regional support program.
Provision for employment benefits |
AllThe Company determines the provision for employment benefits as the incentive payments based on the results of the individual performance evaluation or management assessment.
(21) | Non-derivative financial assets |
The Company recognizes and measures non-derivative financial assets by the following four categories: financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, held-to-maturity investments, loans and receivables and available-for-sale financial assets. The Company recognizes financial assets in the statement of financial position when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Upon initial recognition, non-derivative financial assets are measured at their fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the asset’s acquisition or issuance.
A regular way purchase or sale of financial assets shall be recognized and derecognized, on theas applicable, using trade date where theaccounting or settlement date accounting. A regular way purchase or sale is a purchase or sale of a financial asset is under a contract whose terms require delivery of the financial asset within the timeframetime frame established generally by regulation or convention in the market concerned, and are initially measured at fair value, plus transaction costs, except for those financial assets classified at fair value through profit or loss, which are initially measured at fair value.
Financial assets are classified into the following specified categories; ‘financial assets at fair value through profit or loss’ (FVTPL), ‘held-to-maturity investments’, ‘available-for-sale financial assets’ and ‘loans and receivables’. The classification depends on the nature and purpose of the financial assets and is determined at the time of initial recognition.marketplace concerned.
Effective interest method |
The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortized cost of a debt instrument and of allocating interest income over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the debt instrument, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition. Income is recognized on an effective interest basis for debt instruments other than those financial assets classified as FVTPL.financial assets at fair value through profit or loss.
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL) |
FinancialA financial asset is classified as financial assets are classified as FVTPL when the financial assetat fair value through profit or loss if it is either held for trading or it is designated as FVTPL.such upon initial recognition. Upon initial recognition, transaction costs are recognized in profit or loss when incurred. A financial assets its acquired principally for the purpose of selling it in the near term are classified as a short-term financial assets held for trading and
also all the derivatives including an embedded derivate that is not designated and effective as a hedging instrument are classified at the short-term trading financial asset as well. Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are measured at fair value, and changes therein are recognized in profit or loss.
A financial asset is classified as held for trading if:
itIt has been acquired principally for the purpose of selling it in the near term; or
onOn initial recognition it is part of a portfolio of identified financial instruments that the Company manages together and has a recent actual pattern of short-term profit-taking;short term profit taking; or
itIt is a derivative, including an embedded derivative that is not designated and effective as a hedging instrument.
A financial asset other than a financial asset held for trading may be designated as at FVTPLfinancial assets at fair value through profit or loss upon initial recognition if:
suchSuch designation eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency that would otherwise arise; or
theThe financial asset forms part of a group of financial assets or financial liabilities or both, which is managed and its’ performance is evaluated on a fair value basis in accordance with the Company’s documented risk management or investment strategy, and information about the grouping is provided internally on that basis; or
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It forms a part of a contract containing one or more embedded derivatives, and with K-IFRS No. 1039, Financial Instruments; Recognition and Measurement permits the entire combined contract (asset or liability) to be designated as at financial assets at fair value through profit or loss.
Financial assets at FVTPLfair value through profit or loss are stated at fair value, with any gains or losses arising on remeasurementre-measurement recognized in income or loss. The net gain or loss recognized in income or loss incorporates any dividend or interest earned on the financial asset and is included in the ‘finance income and finance expenses’ line item in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income.
Held-to-maturity investments |
Financial assetsA non-derivative financial asset with a fixed or determinable paymentspayment and fixed maturity, dates thatfor which the Company has the positive intentintention and ability to hold to maturity, are classified as held-to-maturity investments. Held-to-maturitySubsequent to initial recognition, held-to-maturity investments are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method less any impairment, with revenue recognized on an effective yield basis.method.
Available-for-sale financial assets |
FinancialAvailable-for-sale financial assets are those non-derivative financial assets that are designated as available-for-sale or are not classified as financial assets at held-to-maturity; held-for-trading; designated as FVTPL;fair value through profit or loss,held-to-maturity investments or loans and receivables are classified as financial assets AFS.receivables.
Gains and losses arising from changes in fair value are recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in the valuation reserve. However, impairment losses, interest calculated using the effective interest method, and foreign exchange gains and losses on monetary assets are recognized in income or loss. Unquoted equity investments which are not traded in an active market, whose fair value cannot be measured reliably are carried at cost. Where the investment
When a financial asset is disposed ofderecognized or is determined to be impaired,impairment losses are recognized, the cumulative gain or loss previously accumulatedrecognized in the valuation reserveother comprehensive income is reclassified from equity to incomeprofit or loss.
Dividends on AFSan available-for-sale equity instrumentsinstrument are recognized in incomeprofit or loss when the Company’s right to receive the dividendspayment is established.
The fair value of AFSavailable-for-sale monetary assets denominated in a foreign currency is determined in that foreign currency and translated at the spot rate at the end of the reporting period. The foreign exchange gains and losses that are recognized in income or loss are determined based on the amortized cost of the monetary asset. Other foreign exchange gains and losses are recognized in other comprehensive income.
Loans and receivables |
TradeLoans and receivables loans, and other receivables that haveare financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not tradedquoted in an active market are classified as ‘loans and receivables’. Loansmarket. Subsequent to initial recognition, loans and receivables are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method less any impairment. Interest income is recognized by applying the effective interest rate, except for short-termloans and receivables whose period interest incomeof which the effect of discounting is immaterial.
Impairment of financial assets |
Financial assets, other than those at FVTPL,financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, are assessed for indicators of impairment at the end of each reporting period. Financial assets are considered to be impaired when there is objective evidence that, as a result of one or more events that occurred after the initial recognition of the financial asset, the estimated future cash flows of the investment have been affected.
For listed and unlisted equity investments classified as AFS,available-for-sale financial asset, a significant or prolonged decline in the fair value of the security below its cost is considered to be objective evidence of impairment in addition to the criteria mentioned below.below .
For all other financial assets, objective evidence of impairment could include:
significantSignificant financial difficulty of the issuer or counterparty; or
breachBreach of contract, such as a default or delinquency in interest or principal payments;payments, or
itIt becoming probable that the borrower will enter bankruptcy or financial re-organization; or
theThe disappearance of an active market for that financial asset because of financial difficulties.
For certain categories of financial asset, such as trade receivables, assets that are assessed not to be impaired individually are, in addition, assessed for impairment on a collective basis. Objective evidence of impairment for a portfolio of receivables could include the Company’s past experience of collecting payments, an increase in the number of delayed payments in the portfolio past the average credit period and, as well as observable changes in national or local economic conditions that correlate with default on receivables.
For financial assets recorded at amortized cost, the amount of the impairment loss recognized is the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows, discounted at the financial asset’s original effective interest rate.
For financial assets carried at cost, the amount of the impairment loss is measured as the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the present value of the estimated future cash flows discounted at the current market rate of return for a similar financial asset. Such impairment loss will not be reversed in subsequent periods.
The carrying amount of the financial asset is reduced by the impairment loss directly for all financial assets with the exception of trade receivables, where the carrying amount is reduced through the use of an allowance account. When a trade receivable is considered uncollectible, it is written off against the allowance account. Subsequent recoveries of amounts previously written off are credited against the allowance account. Changes in the carrying amount of the allowance account are recognized in income or loss.
When an AFSavailable-for-sale financial asset is considered to be impaired, cumulative gains or losses previously recognized in other comprehensive income are reclassified to income or loss in the period.
For financial assets measured at amortized cost, if, in a subsequent period, the amount of the impairment loss decreases and the decrease can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment was recognized, the previously recognized impairment loss is reversed through income or loss to the extent that the carrying amount of the investment at the date the impairment is reversed does not exceed what the amortized cost would have been had the impairment not been recognized.
In respect of AFSavailable-for-sale equity securities, impairment losses previously recognized in income or loss are not reversed through income or loss. Any increase in fair value subsequent to an impairment loss is recognized in other comprehensive income. In respect of AFSavailable-for-sale debt securities, impairment losses are subsequently reversed through income or loss if an increase in the fair value of the investment can be objectively related to an event occurring after the recognition of the impairment loss.
The Company derecognizes a financial asset only when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or when it transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows on the financial asset andin a transaction in which substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset to another entity. Ifare transferred. Any interest in transferred financial assets that is created or retained by the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership and continues to control the transferredis recognized as a separate asset the Company recognizes its retained interest in the asset and an associated liability for amounts it may have to pay.or liability. If the Company retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of athe transferred financial asset,assets, the Company continues to recognize the transferred financial assetassets and also recognizes a collateralized borrowingfinancial liabilities for the proceedsconsideration received.
On derecognitionde-recognition of a financial asset in its entirety, the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable and the cumulative gain or loss that had been recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity is recognized in income or loss.
On derecognitionde-recognition of a financial asset other than in its entirety (e.g. when the Company retains an option to repurchase part of a transferred asset), the Company allocates the previous carrying amount of the financial asset between the part it continues to recognize under continuing involvement, and the part it no longer recognizes on the basis of the relative fair values of those parts on the date of the transfer. The difference between the carrying amount allocated to the part that is no longer recognized and the sum of the consideration received for the part no longer recognized and any cumulative gain or loss allocated to it that had been recognized in other comprehensive income is recognized in income or loss. A cumulative gain or loss that had been recognized in other comprehensive income is allocated between the part that continues to be recognized and the part that is no longer recognized on the basis of the relative fair values of those parts.
(22) |
Classification as debt or equity |
Debt and equity instruments are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangement.
Equity instruments |
An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company are recognized at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.
Repurchase of the Company’s own equity instruments is recognized and deducted directly in equity. No gain or loss is recognized in income or loss on the purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of the Company’s own equity instruments.
Financial liabilities |
Financial liabilities are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction cost that are directly attributable to the issue of financial liabilities are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction cost directly attributable to acquisition of financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognized immediately in profit or loss.
Financial liabilities are classified as either financial liabilities at FVTPLfair value through profit or loss or other financial liabilities.
Financial liabilities at |
Financial liabilities are classified as eitherat financial liabilities ‘at FVTPL’at fair value through profit or ‘other financial liabilities’. Financial liabilities are classified as at FVTPLloss when the financial liability is either held for trading or it is designated as FVTPL.financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss.
A financial liability is classified as held for trading if:
It has been acquired principally for the purpose of repurchasing it in the near term; or
On initial recognition it is part of a portfolio of identified financial instruments that the Company manages together and has a recent actual pattern of short-term profit-taking; or
It is a derivative that is not designated and effective as a hedging instrument.
A financial liability other than a financial liability held for trading may be designated as at FVTPL upon initial recognition if:
Such designation eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency that would otherwise arise; or
The financial liability forms part of a Company of financial assets or financial liabilities or both, which is managed and its performance is evaluated on a fair value basis, in accordance with the Company’s documented risk management or investment strategy, and information about the grouping is provided internally on that basis; or
It forms part of a contract containing one or more embedded derivatives, and IAS 39, ‘Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement’, permits the entire combined contract (asset or liability) to be designated as at FVTPL.
Financial liabilities at FVTPLfair value through profit or loss are stated at fair value, with any gains or losses arising on remeasurementre-measurement recognized in income or loss. The net gain or loss recognized in income or loss incorporates any interest paid on the financial liability and is included in ‘finance income and finance expenses’.
Other financial liabilities |
Other financial liabilities, including borrowings, are initially measured at fair value, net of transaction costs.
Other financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, with interest expense recognized on an effective yield basis. The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortized cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments through the expected life of the financial liability, or (where appropriate) a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.
Financial guarantee contract liabilities |
Financial guarantee contract liabilities are initially measured at their fair values and, if not designated as at FVTPL, are subsequently measured at the higher of: (a) the amount of the obligation under the contract, as determined in accordance with IAS 37,Provisions, ‘ Provisions’, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets;Assets; or (b) the amount initially recognized less, cumulative amortization recognized in accordance with the IAS 18,Revenue ‘ Revenue’.
The Company derecognizes financial liabilities when, and only when, the Company’s obligations are discharged, cancelled or they expire. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability derecognized and the consideration paid and payable is recognized in income or loss.
(23) | Derivative financial instruments, including hedge accounting |
The Company enters into a variety of derivative financial instruments to manage its exposure to interest rate and foreign exchange rate risk, including foreign exchange forward contracts, interest rate swaps and cross currency swaps and others.
Derivatives are initially recognized at fair valuevalue. Subsequent to initial recognition, derivatives are measured at the date the derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently remeasured to their fair value at the end of each reporting period.value. The resulting gain or loss is recognized in income or loss immediately unless the derivative is designated and effective as a hedging instrument, in such case the timing of the recognition in income or loss depends on the nature of the hedge relationship.
A derivative with a positive fair value is recognized as a financial asset; a derivative with a negative fair value is recognized as a financial liability. A derivative is presented as a non-current asset or a non-current liability if the remaining maturity of the instrument is more than 12 months and it is not expected to be realized or settled within 12 months. Other derivatives are presented as current assets or current liabilities.
Derivatives embedded in other financial instruments or other host contracts are treated as separate derivatives when their risks and characteristics are not closely related to those of the host contracts and when the host contracts are not measured at FVTPL.
An embedded derivative is presented as a non-current asset or a non-current liability if the remaining maturity of the hybrid instrument to which the embedded derivative is part of, is more than 12 months and it is not expected to be realized or settled within 12 months. All other embedded derivatives are presented as current assets or current liabilities.
Hedge accounting |
The Company designates certain hedging instruments, which include derivatives, embedded derivatives and non-derivatives in respect of foreign currency risk, as either fair value hedges or cash flow hedges. Hedges of foreign exchange risk on firm commitments are accounted for as cash flow hedges.
At the inception of the hedge relationship, the entity documents the relationship between the hedging instrument and the hedged item, along with its risk management objectives and its strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. Furthermore, at the inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis, the Company documents whether the hedging instrument is highly effective in offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows of the hedged item.
Fair value hedges |
Changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify as fair value hedges are recognized in income or loss immediately, together with any changes in the fair value of the hedged
asset or liability that are attributable to the hedged risk. The changes in the fair value of the hedging instrument and the change in the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk relating to the hedged items are recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
Hedge accounting is discontinued when the Company revokes the hedging relationship, when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or when it no longer qualifies for hedge accounting. The fair value adjustment to the carrying amount of the hedged item arising from the hedged risk is amortized as income or loss as of that date.
Cash flow hedges |
The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges is recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated under the heading of reverse for gains (loss) on valuation of derivatives. The gain or loss relating to the ineffective portion is recognized immediately in income or loss, and is included in the ‘finance income and expense’.
Amounts previously recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity are reclassified to income or loss in the periods when the hedged item is recognized in income or loss, in the same line of the consolidated statement of comprehensive income as the recognized hedged item. However, when the forecast transaction that is hedged results in the recognition of a non-financial asset or a non-financial liability, the gains and losses previously accumulated in equity are transferred from equity and included in the initial measurement of the cost of the non-financial asset or non-financial liability.
Hedge accounting is discontinued when the Company revokes the hedging relationship, when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or it no longer qualifies for hedge accounting. Any gain or loss accumulated in equity at that time remains in equity and is recognized when the forecast transaction is ultimately recognized in income or loss. When a forecast transaction is no longer expected to occur, the gain or loss accumulated in equity is recognized immediately in income or loss.
As of July 1, 2011, a new electricity tariff system approved by the Government took effect featuring a fuel cost pass-through adjustment (“FCPTA”). This system was intended to allow us to pass through fluctuations in fuel costs ultimately to the customers. The FCPTA amount is determined based on a prior three-months moving average of international fuel prices and other factors. On July 29, 2011, out of inflationary and other policy considerations, the Government issued a hold-order suspending us from billing or collecting the FCPTA amount from customers.
The Company’s accounting policy was to recognize unbilled fuel cost adjustments as assets under the IFRS Conceptual Framework when the Company concluded that it is probable that future economic benefits would flow to the Company. The Company had concluded that it controlled a resource as a result of past events from which future economic benefits were expected to flow to the Company. The Regulation for Electricity Service, which regulate the FCPTA, provides a legal “resource” or right to bill where the costs the Company incurs will result in future cash flows. The operation of the FCPTA creates a right to charge rates in amounts that would permit the Company to recover the related costs, such amounts being subject to government approval. At December 31, 2011, the Company determined that it was probable that economic benefits associated with the unbilled fuel cost adjustments would be realizable based on the authority of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy in setting and enforcing electricity rates for customers. Therefore, the Company concluded that at December 31, 2011 it was probable that its unbilled FCPTA amount would be collectible.
The Company previously recognized revenue and a receivable for the FCPTA amounts subject to the hold- order in the amount of KRW 357,085 million at December 31, 2011. The Company believes that its FCPTA rate regulatory scheme closely resembles a cost-of service scheme, and has therefore determined that the appropriate accounting for the unbilled FCPTA amounts was to reduce cost of sales by the unbilled FCPTA amounts and recognize a related non-financial asset by the same amount, which is more consistent with
accounting policies for rate regulated assets of other standard setting bodies. In accordance with IAS 8,Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors, the Company used judgment in developing and applying an accounting policy that results in information that is relevant and reliable. In making that judgment, management considered pronouncements of other standard-setting bodies that use a similar conceptual framework to develop accounting standards, other accounting literature and accepted industry practices. The Company has concluded the aforementioned error is immaterial, and corrected the accounting for its unbilled FCPTA amounts in its consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2011.4.
The following disclosure presents the corrected amounts reflected in our consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2011 (KRW in millions).
For the year ended December 31, 2011 | ||||||||
As reported | As corrected | |||||||
Sales | 43,532,302 | 43,175,217 | ||||||
Cost of Sales | (43,081,979 | ) | (42,724,894 | ) |
As of December 31, 2011 | ||||||||
As reported | As corrected | |||||||
Accounts and other receivables, net | 7,632,497 | 7,274,148 | ||||||
Non-current non-financial assets | 249,811 | 608,160 |
During the fourth quarter of 2012, the Company had further consultations with the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy as to the outlook for the lifting the hold-order. Furthermore, on January 11, 2013, the Ministry Trade, Industry and Energy informed the Company that the FCPTA system needed to be reassessed because of the current circumstances such as the prolonged unbilled period since announcement of the FCPTA system. The Company has therefore concluded that considering the prolonged unbilled period and recent consultations with, and information from, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy the Company would not be able to bill and collect the unbilled FCPTA amounts for the foreseeable future. As a result, the Company wrote off the entire unbilled FCPTA amounts of Won 1,877 billion recognized through December 31, 2012, including the unbilled FCPTA amounts as of December 31, 2011. As a result, there were no FCPTA amounts remaining in the consolidated statement of financial position as of December 31, 2012.
Furthermore, the Company will cease recording a regulatory asset prospectively related to the FCPTA unless and until the likelihood of recovery once again satisfies the probable threshold contained in the IFRS Conceptual Framework or enacted IFRSs at such time.
In the application of the Company accounting policies, which are described in Note 2, management is required to make judgments, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.
(1) |
The following are the critical judgments, apart from those involving estimations that the directors have made in the process of applying the Company’s accounting policies and have the significant effect on the amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements.
The Company owns Wolseong #1 nuclear power plant, which started its operation on November 21, 1982, finished its operation on November 20, 2012 maxing out its permitted operation period of 30 years. As of December 31, 2012, the Company is in the process of obtaining safety assessments to get an approval from the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission for resuming the plant’s operating for the 2nd operation term. The Company has prepared the accompanying financial statements assuming that the plant will operate for the next 10 years.
The following are the key assumptions concerning the future, and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year.
In accordance with IFRS, property, plant and equipment are stated at cost. The Company does not depreciate land. Depreciation is computed by the straight-line method (unit-of-production method for loaded nuclear fuel (PWR) and capitalized asset retirement cost of long-term raw materials) using rates based on the estimated useful lives. Net property, plant and equipment as of December 31, 2012 totaled KRW 122,376,140 million representing more than 84% of total assets. Given the significance of property, plant and equipment and the associated depreciation expense to our financial statements, the determination of an asset’s economic useful life is considered to be a critical accounting estimate.
Economic useful life is the duration of time the asset is expected to be productively employed by us, which may be less than its physical life. Management’s assumptions on the following factors, among others, affect the determination of estimated economic useful life: wear and tear, obsolescence, technical standards, changes in market demand and technological changes. The Company reviews the estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment at the end of each annual reporting period.
The Company records the fair value of estimated decommissioning costs as a liability in the period in which the Company incurs a legal obligation associated with retirement of long-lived assets that result from acquisition, construction, development and/or normal use of the assets. Under the Korean Electricity Business Act (EBA) Article 94, the Company is required to record a liability for the dismantling (demolition) of nuclear power plants and disposal of spent fuel and low & intermediate radioactive wastes.
Significant management judgment is involved in determining the fair value of estimated decommissioning costs. The estimates and assumptions used by our management to determine fair value can be impacted by many factors, such as the estimated decommissioning costs based on engineering studies commissioned and approved by the Korean government, and changes in assumed dates of decommissioning, inflation rate, discount rate, decommissioning technology, regulation and the general economy.
As of December 31, 2012 and 2011, we recorded liability for decommissioning costs in the amounts of KRW 11,913 billion and KRW 6,727 billion, respectively. Changes in the estimated costs or timing of decommissioning, or changes in the assumptions and judgments by management underlying these estimates, may cause material revisions to the estimated total cost to decommission these facilities, which could have a material effect on the recorded liability. The Company used a discount rate of 4.49% and 4.36% and an inflation rate of 2.93% and 2.30% when calculating the decommissioning cost liability recorded as of December 31, 2012 and 2011. In addition, the following is a sensitivity analysis
of the potential impact on decommissioning costs from a 0.10% increase or decrease in each of the inflation rate and the discount rate, assuming that all other aforementioned assumptions remain constant (KRW in millions)
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | |||||||||||||||||
TYPE | Accounts | Increase | Decrease | Increase | Decrease | |||||||||||||
Discount rate | Nuclear plants | (220,842 | ) | 227,158 | (111,132 | ) | 114,140 | |||||||||||
” | Spent fuel | (45,385 | ) | 47,128 | (21,386 | ) | 21,946 | |||||||||||
Inflation rate | Nuclear plants | 230,431 | (224,364 | ) | 150,939 | (146,083 | ) | |||||||||||
” | Spent fuel | 48,219 | (46,492 | ) | 29,371 | (28,439 | ) |
The Company is required to inspect the PCBs contents of transformers and dispose of PCBs in excess of safety standards under the legally settled procedures. The Company’s estimates and assumptions used to determine fair value can be affected by many factors, such as the estimated costs of inspection and disposal, inflation rate, discount rate, regulations and the general economy.
Changes in the estimated costs or changes in the assumptions and judgments underlying these estimates may cause material revisions to the estimated total costs, which could have a material effect on our recorded liability. The Company used a discount rate of 4.92%, 5.84% and an inflation rate of 3.10%, 3.34% when calculating the provision for the decontamination of transformers recorded as of December 31, 2012 and 2011.
In addition, the following is a sensitivity analysis of the potential impact on decontamination costs based on a 0.10% increase or decrease in each of the inflation rate and the discount rate, assuming that all other aforementioned assumptions remain constant (KRW in millions)
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||
TYPE | Accounts | Increase | Decrease | Increase | Decrease | |||||||||||||||
Discount rate | PCBs | ₩ | (1,262 | ) | ₩ | 1,273 | ₩ | (1,291 | ) | ₩ | 1,302 | |||||||||
Inflation rate | PCBs | 1,295 | (1,285 | ) | 1,332 | (1,323 | ) |
In assessing the realizability of the deferred tax assets, the Company considers whether it is probable that a portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent on whether the Company is able to generate future taxable income in specific tax jurisdictions during the periods in which temporary differences become deductible. The Company has scheduled the expected future reversals of the temporary differences and projected future taxable income in making this assessment. Based on these factors, the Company believes that it is probable that the Company will realize the benefits of these temporary differences as of December 31, 2012. However, the amount of deferred tax assets may be different if we do not realize estimated future taxable income during the carry forward periods as originally expected.
The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities at each separate taxpaying entity. Under IFRS, a deferred tax asset is recognized for temporary difference that will result in deductible amounts in future years and for carry forwards. If, based on the weight of available evidence, it is probable that some or the entire portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized, that portion is deducted directly from the deferred tax asset.
The Company believes that the accounting estimate related to realizability of deferred tax asset is a “critical accounting estimate” because: (i) it requires the Company to make assessments about the
timing of future events, including the probability of expected future taxable income and available tax planning opportunities, and (ii) the difference between these assessments and the actual performance could have a material impact on the realization of tax benefits as reported in our results of operations. The Company’s assumptions require significant judgment because actual performance has fluctuated in the past and may continue to do so.
As stated in Note 43, the Company uses inputs that are not based on observable market data to estimate the fair value of certain types of financial instruments. Note 43 explains the details of assumptions used for valuations of financial instruments and sensitivity analysis of these assumptions. Management believes valuation techniques and assumptions are reliable and appropriate.
The Company offers defined benefit retirement plans. The cost of providing benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit Method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at the end of each reporting period. For actuarial valuations, discount rate, future salary increase and expected return on plan assets are estimated and these estimations are uncertain.
Energy delivered but not yet metered, the quantities of energy delivered but not yet measured and not billed are calculated at the reporting date based on consumption statistics and selling price estimates. Determination of the unbilled revenues at the end of the year is sensitive to the estimated assumptions and prices based on statistics
The Company’s operating segments are classified at theits business unit level, at which the Companycomponents that generates separately identifiable revenue and costs, and the relateddiscrete financial information that is reported to and regularly revised by the Company’s the chief operating decision maker, the Chief Executive Officer, for the purpose of resource allocation and assessment of segment performance. The Company’s reportingreportable segments in accordance with IFRS 8, are ‘Transmission and distribution’, ‘Electric power generation (nuclear)(Nuclear)’, Electric‘Electric power generation (non-nuclear)(Non-nuclear)’, Transmission and distribution,‘Plant maintenance & engineering service’ and ‘Others’; others mainly representsrepresent the business unit that manages the Company’s foreign operations.
TransactionsThe Power generation maintenance is an operating segment that occur betweenmet the quantitative thresholds to be a reportable segment as of December 31, 2013. Accordingly, the prior period’s reportable segment information has been revised to show the Power generation maintenance information.
Segment operating income (loss) is determined the same way that consolidated operating income (loss) is determined under IFRS without any adjustment for corporate allocations. The accounting policies used by each segment are consistent with the accounting policies used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements. Segment assets and liabilities are determined based on separate financial statements of the entities instead of on a consolidated basis. There are various transactions between the reportable segments, including sales of property, plant and equipment and so on, that are conducted on an arms-length transactions pricedbasis at market priceprices that would be applicable to an independent third-party. The accounting policiesFor subsidiaries which are in a different segment from that of its immediate parent company, their carrying amount in separate financial statements is eliminated in the consolidating adjustments in the tables below. In addition, consolidation adjustments in the table below include adjustments of the reportable segments areamount of investment in associates and joint ventures from the same ascost basis amount reflected in segment assets to that determined using an equity method basis in the Company’s accounting policies described in Note 2.consolidated financial statements.
(2) |
2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Segment |
| Total segment revenue | Intersegment revenue | Revenue from external customers | Depreciation and amortization | Interest income | Interest expense | Income(loss) of associates and joint ventures | Employee benefit expense | Loss on abandonment of property, plant, and equipment | Accretion expense to provisions, net | Operating income (loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transmission and distribution | ₩ | 42,857,773 | 709,413 | 42,148,360 | 2,542,587 | 73,393 | 1,409,216 | 98,558 | 185,851 | 299,118 | 16,903 | (2,993,785 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electric power generation (Nuclear) | 6,611,936 | 6,597,515 | 14,421 | 2,422,121 | 150,165 | 428,821 | — | 24,543 | — | 387,209 | 1,144,714 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electric power generation (Non- | 25,349,726 | 25,078,788 | 270,938 | 1,858,736 | 34,641 | 321,961 | 22,698 | 78,327 | 19,688 | (620 | ) | 908,773 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plant maintenance & engineering service | 2,193,511 | 1,747,014 | 446,497 | 65,385 | 30,500 | 50 | 1,838 | 60,118 | — | 18,392 | 295,110 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 297,198 | 2,197 | 295,001 | 4,039 | 60,459 | 22,480 | — | 417 | — | — | 114,202 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consolidation adjustments | (34,134,927 | ) | (34,134,927 | ) | — | (15,479 | ) | (57,533 | ) | (58,949 | ) | — | (7,354 | ) | (22,249 | ) | (520 | ) | (153,977 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2012 | ₩ | 43,175,217 | — | 43,175,217 | 6,877,389 | 291,625 | 2,123,579 | 123,095 | 341,902 | 296,557 | 421,364 | (684,963 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total segment revenue | Intersegment revenue | Revenue from external customer | Operating income (loss) | Depreciation and amortization |
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Electric power generation (Nuclear) | ₩ | 6,717,341 | ₩ | 6,698,326 | ₩ | 19,015 | ₩ | 464,506 | ₩ | 2,488,367 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electric power generation (Non-nuclear) | 28,973,768 | 28,649,846 | 323,922 | 2,210,669 | 1,887,419 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transmission and distribution | 49,033,869 | 1,121,920 | 47,911,949 | (5,309,607 | ) | 2,562,128 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 2,674,562 | 1,808,939 | 865,623 | 460,476 | 78,284 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjustment | (38,279,031 | ) | (38,279,031 | ) | — | (126,367 | ) | (19,488 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finance income | 607,592 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Finance costs | (2,518,850 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 49,120,509 | ₩ | — | ₩ | 49,120,509 | ₩ | (2,300,323) | ₩ | 6,996,710 |
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Equity method Income of associates joint ventures | 123,095 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Loss before income tax | ₩ | (2,473,126 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Segment Transmission and distribution Electric power generation (Nuclear) Electric power generation (Non-nuclear) Plant maintenance & engineering service Others Consolidation adjustments Finance income Finance costs Equity method Income of associates joint ventures Loss before income tax 2012 Total
segment
revenue Intersegment
revenue Revenue
from
external
customers Depreciation
and
amortization Interest
income Interest
expense Income(loss)
of associates
and joint
ventures Employee
benefit
expense Loss on
abandonment
of property,
plant, and
equipment Accretion
expense to
provisions,
net Operating
income
(loss) In millions of won ₩ 49,033,869 1,121,920 47,911,949 2,562,128 58,509 1,603,628 169,755 207,332 253,985 50,656 (5,309,607 ) 6,717,341 6,698,326 19,015 2,488,367 20,712 394,288 — 41,823 — 733,533 464,506 28,973,768 28,649,846 323,922 1,887,419 57,209 339,057 4,510 63,334 — 19,270 2,210,669 2,369,591 1,798,698 570,893 71,695 30,331 143 2,676 61,583 — 33,492 342,848 304,971 10,241 294,730 6,589 83,208 51,460 — 1,950 — — 117,629 (38,279,031 ) (38,279,031 ) — (19,488 ) (45,846 ) (44,248 ) — (11,109 ) — 6,096 (126,368 ) ₩ 49,120,509 — 49,120,509 6,996,710 204,123 2,344,328 176,941 364,913 253,985 843,047 (2,300,323 ) 1,128,357 (3,068,321 ) 176,941 ₩ (4,063,346 )
2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total segment revenue | Intersegment revenue | Revenue from external customer | Operating income (loss) | Depreciation and amortization | ||||||||||||||||
Electric power generation (Nuclear) | ₩ | 6,611,936 | ₩ | 6,597,515 | ₩ | 14,421 | ₩ | 1,079,762 | ₩ | 2,422,121 | ||||||||||
Electric power generation (Non-nuclear) | 25,349,726 | 25,078,788 | 270,938 | 1,151,171 | 1,858,736 | |||||||||||||||
Transmission and distribution | 42,857,773 | 709,413 | 42,148,360 | (3,555,876 | ) | 2,542,587 | ||||||||||||||
Others | 2,490,709 | 1,749,211 | 741,498 | 395,952 | 69,424 | |||||||||||||||
Adjustment | (34,134,927 | ) | (34,134,927 | ) | — | (91,464 | ) | (15,479 | ) | |||||||||||
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₩ | 43,175,217 | ₩ | — | ₩ | 43,175,217 | ₩ | (1,020,455 | ) | ₩ | 6,877,389 | ||||||||||
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2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Segment |
| Total segment revenue | Intersegment revenue | Revenue from external customers | Depreciation and amortization | Interest income | Interest expense | Income(loss) of associates and joint ventures | Employee benefit expense | Loss on abandonment of property, plant, and equipment | Accretion expense to provisions, net | Operating income (loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transmission and distribution | ₩ | 53,367,116 | 1,069,699 | 52,297,417 | 2,660,444 | 27,187 | 1,525,166 | (2,521 | ) | 206,279 | 273,785 | 253,153 | 549,929 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electric power generation (Nuclear) | 6,378,280 | 6,369,715 | 8,565 | 2,724,629 | 20,994 | 557,621 | (926 | ) | 51,394 | — | 250,814 | 325,274 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electric power generation (Non-nuclear) | 28,067,093 | 27,687,112 | 379,981 | 1,952,680 | 50,193 | 262,076 | (40,976 | ) | 73,710 | 21,842 | 154,285 | 735,546 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plant maintenance & engineering service | 2,483,670 | 1,774,577 | 709,093 | 72,489 | 23,473 | 183 | 2,180 | 76,395 | — | 5,016 | 248,661 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 365,968 | 48,519 | 317,449 | 14,086 | 75,653 | 50,266 | — | 1,498 | — | 32 | 110,841 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consolidation adjustments | (36,949,622 | ) | (36,949,622 | ) | — | (31,953 | ) | (15,339 | ) | (13,412 | ) | — | (24,953 | ) | — | 321 | (22,416 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2010 | ₩ | 53,712,505 | — | 53,712,505 | 7,392,375 | 182,161 | 2,381,900 | (42,243 | ) | 384,323 | 295,627 | 663,621 | 1,947,835 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total segment revenue | Intersegment revenue | Revenue from external customer | Operating income (loss) | Depreciation and amortization |
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Electric power generation (Nuclear) | ₩ | 5,829,582 | ₩ | 5,814,493 | ₩ | 15,089 | ₩ | 1,760,199 | ₩ | 1,935,972 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electric power generation (Non-nuclear) | 23,561,102 | 23,302,116 | 258,986 | 1,599,596 | 2,253,030 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transmission and distribution | 39,291,282 | 655,972 | 38,635,310 | (1,312,517 | ) | 2,459,644 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 2,283,943 | 1,686,745 | 597,197 | 367,710 | 59,292 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjustment | (31,459,327 | ) | (31,459,326 | ) | — | (155,068 | ) | (11,274 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finance income | 629,542 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Finance costs | (2,931,622 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 39,506,582 | ₩ | — | ₩ | 39,506,582 | ₩ | 2,259,920 | ₩ | 6,696,664 |
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Equity method Income of associates joint ventures | (42,243 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Loss before income tax | ₩ | (396,488 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(3) |
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Segment | Segment assets | Investments in associates and joint ventures | Acquisition of non-current assets | Segment liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transmission and distribution | ₩ | 96,234,698 | 3,865,492 | 4,368,190 | 54,963,618 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electric power generation (Nuclear) | 45,061,851 | — | 2,928,345 | 24,638,944 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electric power generation (Non-nuclear) | 31,214,058 | 986,343 | 3,735,111 | 14,640,938 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plant maintenance & engineering service | 2,439,700 | 39,098 | 175,386 | 978,695 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 5,216,110 | — | 543,580 | 1,658,674 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Segment totals | 180,166,417 | 4,890,933 | 11,750,612 | 96,880,869 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consolidation adjustments: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elimination of inter-segment amounts | (34,684,916 | ) | — | (236,063 | ) | (4,219,896 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity method adjustment | 671,319 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred taxes | — | — | — | 2,427,645 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2012 | (34,013,597 | ) | — | (236,063 | ) | (1,792,251 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Segment assets | Investments in associates and joint venture | Acquisition of non-current assets | Segment liabilities |
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electric power generation (Nuclear) | ₩ | 45,061,851 | ₩ | — | ₩ | 2,928,345 | ₩ | 24,638,944 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electric power generation (Non-nuclear) | 31,214,058 | 986,343 | 3,735,111 | 14,640,938 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transmission and distribution | 96,234,698 | 3,865,492 | 4,368,190 | 54,963,618 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 7,655,810 | 39,098 | 718,966 | 2,637,369 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjustment | (34,013,597 | ) | — | (236,063 | ) | (1,792,251 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consolidated totals | ₩ | 146,152,820 | 4,890,933 | 11,514,549 | 95,088,618 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
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|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 146,152,820 | ₩ | 4,890,933 | ₩ | 11,514,549 | ₩ | 95,088,618 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
| 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Segment | Segment assets | Investments in associates and joint ventures | Acquisition of non-current assets | Segment liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transmission and distribution | ₩ | 98,249,927 | 3,895,266 | 4,458,291 | 56,590,381 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electric power generation (Nuclear) | 46,717,706 | 908 | 2,412,782 | 26,482,646 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electric power generation (Non-nuclear) | 36,455,090 | 1,275,330 | 6,882,630 | 19,832,122 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plant maintenance & engineering service | 2,463,204 | 59,251 | 222,547 | 932,485 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 5,617,304 | — | 429,626 | 2,008,541 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Segment totals | 189,503,231 | 5,230,755 | 14,405,876 | 105,846,175 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consolidation adjustments: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elimination of inter-segment amounts | (34,834,362 | ) | — | (75,237 | ) | (4,199,216 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity method adjustment | 858,465 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred taxes | — | — | — | 2,429,639 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(33,975,897 | ) | — | (75,237 | ) | (1,769,577 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consolidated totals | ₩ | 155,527,334 | 5,230,755 | 14,330,639 | 104,076,598 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
Dec. 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
Segment assets | Investments in associates and joint venture | Acquisition of non-current assets | Segment liabilities | |||||||||||||
Electric power generation (Nuclear) | ₩ | 40,041,048 | ₩ | — | ₩ | 3,336,956 | ₩ | 19,203,001 | ||||||||
Electric power generation (Non-nuclear) | 28,760,308 | 643,469 | 2,274,255 | 13,056,245 | ||||||||||||
Transmission and distribution | 94,769,898 | 3,804,910 | 4,704,812 | 50,330,593 | ||||||||||||
Others | 6,980,653 | 36,977 | 471,782 | 2,434,805 | ||||||||||||
Adjustment | (34,084,057 | ) | — | (134,804 | ) | (2,360,744 | ) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
₩ | 136,467,850 | ₩ | 4,485,356 | ₩ | 10,653,001 | ₩ | 82,663,900 | |||||||||
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|
(4) |
The Company is engaged in the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity and development of electric power resources in the Republic of Korea. Geographicalfollowing information on revenue from external customers and non-current assets is as follows:determined by the location of the customers and of the assets:
Revenue from external customers | Non-current assets(*2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue from external customer | Non-current assets(*2) | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic | ₩ | 46,981,903 | ₩ | 41,493,983 | ₩ | 124,433,063 | ₩ | 114,481,700 | ₩ | 41,493,983 | 46,981,903 | 51,314,639 | 114,481,700 | 124,433,063 | 131,876,535 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Overseas(*1) | 2,138,606 | 1,681,234 | 4,448,485 | 4,362,555 | 1,681,234 | 2,138,606 | 2,397,866 | 4,362,555 | 4,448,485 | 4,474,900 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 49,120,509 | ₩ | 43,175,217 | ₩ | 128,881,548 | ₩ | 118,844,255 | ₩ | 43,175,217 | 49,120,509 | 53,712,505 | 118,844,255 | 128,881,548 | 136,351,435 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
(*1) | Middle East and Asia make up the majority of overseas |
(*2) | Amount excludes financial assets and deferred tax |
(5) | Information on |
There is no individual client who makes upcustomer comprising more than 10% of the Company’s revenue for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2011.2013.
5. |
(1) | Classification of financial |
Dec. 31, 2012 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FVTPL | Loans and receivables | Available-for-sale financial assets | Held-to-maturity Investments | Derivative assets (using hedge accounting) | Total | Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss | Loans and receivables | Available-for-sale financial assets | Held-to-maturity investments | Derivative assets (using hedge accounting) | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current Assets : | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | ₩ | — | ₩ | 1,954,949 | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | 1,954,949 | ₩ | — | 1,954,949 | — | — | — | 1,954,949 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current financial assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Held-to-maturity investments | — | — | — | 196 | — | 196 | — | — | — | 196 | — | 196 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative assets | 52,061 | — | — | — | 63,945 | 116,006 | 52,061 | — | — | — | 63,945 | 116,006 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other financial assets, net | — | 540,015 | — | — | — | 540,015 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts and other Receivables, net | — | 7,184,625 | — | — | — | 7,184,625 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other financial assets | — | 540,015 | — | — | — | 540,015 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trade and other receivables | — | 7,184,625 | — | — | — | 7,184,625 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
52,061 | 9,679,589 | — | 196 | 63,945 | 9,795,791 | 52,061 | 9,679,589 | — | 196 | 63,945 | 9,795,791 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current Assets : | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current financial assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non- current financial assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale financial assets | — | — | 1,141,194 | — | — | 1,141,194 | — | — | 1,141,194 | — | — | 1,141,194 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Held-to-maturity investments | — | — | — | 2,020 | — | 2,020 | — | — | — | 2,020 | — | 2,020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative assets | 3,830 | — | — | — | 123,866 | 127,696 | 3,830 | — | — | — | 123,866 | 127,696 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other financial assets, net | — | 602,766 | — | — | — | 602,766 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts and other Receivables, net | — | 1,254,330 | — | — | — | 1,254,330 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other financial assets | — | 602,766 | — | — | — | 602,766 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trade and other receivables | — | 1,254,330 | — | — | — | 1,254,330 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3,830 | 1,857,096 | 1,141,194 | 2,020 | 123,866 | 3,128,006 | 3,830 | 1,857,096 | 1,141,194 | 2,020 | 123,866 | 3,128,006 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 55,891 | ₩ | 11,536,685 | ₩ | 1,141,194 | ₩ | 2,216 | ₩ | 187,811 | ₩ | 12,923,797 | ₩ | 55,891 | 11,536,685 | 1,141,194 | 2,216 | 187,811 | 12,923,797 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
Dec. 31, 2011 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FVTPL | Loans and receivables | Available-for-sale financial assets | Held-to-maturity Investments | Derivative assets (using hedge accounting) | Total | Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss | Loans and receivables | Available-for-sale financial assets | Held-to-maturity investments | Derivative assets (using hedge accounting) | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | ₩ | — | ₩ | 1,387,921 | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | 1,387,921 | ₩ | — | 2,232,313 | — | — | — | 2,232,313 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current financial assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Held-to-maturity investments | — | — | — | 334 | — | 334 | — | — | — | 168 | — | 168 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative assets | 23,177 | — | — | — | — | 23,177 | 1,437 | — | — | — | — | 1,437 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other financial assets, net | 10,121 | 736,907 | — | — | — | 747,028 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts and other Receivables, net | — | 7,274,148 | — | — | — | 7,274,148 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other financial assets | — | 434,608 | — | — | — | 434,608 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trade and other receivables | — | 7,526,311 | — | — | — | 7,526,311 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
33,298 | 9,398,976 | — | 334 | — | 9,432,608 | 1,437 | 10,193,232 | — | 168 | — | 10,194,837 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
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|
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|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current financial assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale financial assets | — | — | 1,173,085 | — | — | 1,173,085 | — | — | 1,256,765 | — | — | 1,256,765 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Held-to-maturity investments | — | — | — | 1,986 | — | 1,986 | — | — | — | 2,117 | — | 2,117 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative assets | 124,570 | — | — | — | 321,672 | 446,242 | 2,681 | — | — | — | 82,376 | 85,057 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other financial assets, net | — | 577,719 | — | — | — | 577,719 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts and other Receivables, net | — | 1,284,532 | — | — | — | 1,284,532 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other financial assets | — | 559,013 | — | — | — | 559,013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trade and other receivables | — | 1,644,333 | — | — | — | 1,644,333 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
124,570 | 1,862,251 | 1,173,085 | 1,986 | 321,672 | 3,483,564 | 2,681 | 2,203,346 | 1,256,765 | 2,117 | 82,376 | 3,547,285 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 157,868 | ₩ | 11,261,227 | ₩ | 1,173,085 | ₩ | 2,320 | ₩ | 321,672 | ₩ | 12,916,172 | ₩ | 4,118 | 12,396,578 | 1,256,765 | 2,285 | 82,376 | 13,742,122 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
(2) | Classification of financial liabilities as of December 31, 2012 and |
Dec. 31, 2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||
FVTPL | Financial liabilities recorded at amortized cost | Derivative liabilities (using hedge accounting) | Others | Total | ||||||||||||||||
Current Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||
Borrowings, net | ₩ | — | ₩ | 2,215,961 | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | 2,215,961 | ||||||||||
Debentures, net | — | 5,478,720 | — | — | 5,478,720 | |||||||||||||||
Derivative liabilities | 46,939 | — | 47,199 | — | 94,138 | |||||||||||||||
Accounts and other Payables, net | — | 6,418,464 | — | — | 6,418,464 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
46,939 | 14,113,145 | 47,199 | — | 14,207,283 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
Non-current Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||
Borrowings, net | — | 4,674,935 | — | — | 4,674,935 | |||||||||||||||
Debentures, net | — | 40,849,793 | — | — | 40,849,793 | |||||||||||||||
Derivative liabilities | 322,199 | — | 203,839 | — | 526,038 | |||||||||||||||
Accounts and other Payables, net | — | 4,173,691 | — | — | 4,173,691 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
322,199 | 49,698,419 | 203,839 | — | 50,224,457 | ||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
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|
|
| |||||||||||
₩ | 369,138 | ₩ | 63,811,564 | ₩ | 251,038 | ₩ | — | ₩ | 64,431,740 | |||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current Liabilities Borrowings, net Debentures, net Derivative liabilities Accounts and other Payables, net Non-current Liabilities Borrowings, net Debentures, net Derivative liabilities Accounts and other Payables, net Current liabilities Borrowings Debt securities Derivative liabilities Trade and other payables Non-current liabilities Borrowings Debt securities Derivative liabilities Trade and other payables Dec. 31, 2011 FVTPL Financial liabilities
recorded at
Amortized cost Derivative liabilities
(using hedge
accounting) Others Total ₩ — ₩ 2,101,590 ₩ — ₩ — ₩ 2,101,590 — 4,904,455 — — 4,904,455 19,865 — — — 19,865 — 6,576,158 — — 6,576,158 19,865 13,582,203 — — 13,602,068 — 4,641,319 — — 4,641,319 — 34,557,179 — — 34,557,179 112,622 — 92,458 — 205,080 — 4,178,137 — — 4,178,137 112,622 43,376,635 92,458 — 43,581,715 ₩ 132,487 ₩ 56,958,838 ₩ 92,458 ₩ — ₩ 57,183,783 2012 Financial liabilities
at fair value through
profit or loss Financial liabilities
recognized at
amortized cost Derivative liabilities
(using hedge
accounting) Total In millions of won ₩ — 2,215,961 — 2,215,961 — 5,478,720 — 5,478,720 46,939 — 47,199 94,138 — 5,601,852 — 5,601,852 46,939 13,296,533 47,199 13,390,671 — 4,674,935 — 4,674,935 — 40,849,793 — 40,849,793 322,199 — 203,839 526,038 — 4,173,691 — 4,173,691 322,199 49,698,419 203,839 50,224,457 ₩ 369,138 62,994,952 251,038 63,615,128
2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss | Financial liabilities recognized at amortized cost | Derivative liabilities (using hedge accounting) | Total | |||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
Current liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||
Borrowings | ₩ | — | 1,470,862 | — | 1,470,862 | |||||||||||||||
Debt securities | — | 6,616,636 | — | 6,616,636 | ||||||||||||||||
Derivative liabilities | 304,699 | — | 33,034 | 337,733 | ||||||||||||||||
Trade and other payables | — | 5,892,763 | — | 5,892,763 | ||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
304,699 | 13,980,261 | 33,034 | 14,317,994 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
Non-current liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||
Borrowings | — | 4,538,390 | — | 4,538,390 | ||||||||||||||||
Debt securities | — | 48,262,262 | — | 48,262,262 | ||||||||||||||||
Derivative liabilities | 186,336 | — | 176,406 | 362,742 | ||||||||||||||||
Trade and other payables | — | 3,971,519 | — | 3,971,519 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
186,336 | 56,772,171 | 176,406 | 57,134,913 | |||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
₩ | 491,035 | 70,752,432 | 209,440 | 71,452,907 | ||||||||||||||||
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|
|
(3) | Classification of comprehensive |
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | Interest income | ₩ | 86,722 | ₩ | 72,534 | ₩ | 63,518 | |||||||
Available-for-sale financial assets | Dividends income | 10,452 | 18,894 | 3,341 | ||||||||||
” | Impairment loss on available-for- sale financial assets | 40,156 | — | — | ||||||||||
Held-to-maturity investments | Interest income | 69 | 85 | 90 | ||||||||||
Loans and receivables | Interest income | 47,028 | 202,104 | 35,291 | ||||||||||
Accounts and other receivables | Interest income | 70,304 | 16,902 | 21,523 | ||||||||||
Derivatives assets (trading) and trading financial assets | Gain (loss) on valuation of derivatives | (42,364 | ) | 98,006 | (5,458 | ) | ||||||||
” | Gain (loss) on transaction of derivatives | 7,500 | (5,257 | ) | (31,818 | ) | ||||||||
” | Gain on disposal of trading financial assets | 189 | — | — | ||||||||||
Derivative assets (using hedge accounting) | Gain (loss) on valuation of derivatives | (127,277 | ) | 52,491 | (30,381 | ) | ||||||||
” | Gain (loss) on valuation of derivatives—Other comprehensive income(loss) | (85 | ) | (3,295 | ) | (63,447 | ) | |||||||
” | Gain (loss) on transaction of derivatives | 3,064 | 7,378 | 52,721 | ||||||||||
Financial liabilities recorded at amortized cost | Interest expense of borrowings and debentures | 1,827,239 | 1,668,425 | 1,503,377 | ||||||||||
” | Interest expense of accounts and other payables | 517,089 | 455,154 | 542,307 | ||||||||||
” | Gain (loss) on foreign currency transaction and translation, net | 832,360 | (175,364 | ) | 144,684 |
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | Interest income | ₩ | 43,822 | 63,456 | 60,301 | |||||||||||||
Available-for-sale financial assets | Dividends income | 18,894 | 10,452 | 9,870 | ||||||||||||||
Interest income | — | — | 1,150 | |||||||||||||||
Impairment loss on available-for-sale financial assets | — | (40,156 | ) | (12,592 | ) | |||||||||||||
Loss on disposal of financial assets | — | — | (4,202 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Held-to-maturity investments | Interest income | 85 | 69 | 64 | ||||||||||||||
Loans and receivables | Interest income | 188,457 | 47,028 | 42,418 | ||||||||||||||
Trade and other receivables | Interest income | 16,902 | 70,304 | 60,237 | ||||||||||||||
Other financial assets | Interest income | — | — | 1,082 | ||||||||||||||
Short-term financial instruments | Interest income | 42,359 | 23,250 | 16,896 | ||||||||||||||
Long-term financial instruments | Interest income | — | 16 | 13 | ||||||||||||||
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss | Gain (loss) on valuation of derivatives | 98,006 | (42,364 | ) | 335 | |||||||||||||
Gain (loss) on transaction of derivatives | (5,257 | ) | 7,500 | 26,889 | ||||||||||||||
Gain on disposal of financial assets | — | 189 | 196 | |||||||||||||||
Derivative assets | Gain (loss) on valuation of derivatives | 52,491 | (127,277 | ) | (13,945 | ) | ||||||||||||
Gain (loss) on valuation of derivatives (equity, before tax)* | (3,295 | ) | (85 | ) | (27,281 | ) | ||||||||||||
Gain on transaction of derivatives | 7,378 | 3,064 | 29,662 | |||||||||||||||
Financial liabilities carried at amortized cost | Interest expense of borrowings and debt securities | (1,668,425 | ) | (1,827,239 | ) | (1,715,373 | ) | |||||||||||
Interest expense of trade and other payables | (147,882 | ) | (118,372 | ) | (102,388 | ) | ||||||||||||
Interest expense of others | (307,272 | ) | (398,717 | ) | (564,139 | ) | ||||||||||||
Gain (loss) on foreign currency transactions and translations | (175,364 | ) | 832,360 | 133,638 | ||||||||||||||
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss | Loss on valuation of derivatives | (27,639 | ) | (275,490 | ) | (167,485 | ) | |||||||||||
Loss on transaction of derivatives | (37,498 | ) | (23,031 | ) | (46,639 | ) | ||||||||||||
Derivative liabilities | Gain (loss) on valuation of derivatives | 2,158 | (129,417 | ) | (65,755 | ) | ||||||||||||
Gain (loss) on valuation of derivatives (equity, before tax)* | (34,094 | ) | (61,920 | ) | 50,197 | |||||||||||||
Gain (loss) on transaction of derivatives | (14,332 | ) | (10,613 | ) | 3,454 |
Items are included in other comprehensive income. All other income and gain amounts listed above are included in finance income, and all expense and loss amounts listed above are included in finance expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).
Derivative liabilities (trading) ” Derivative liabilities (using hedge accounting) Gain (loss) on valuation of derivatives ” ” 2012 2011 2010 Gain (loss) on valuation of derivatives (275,490 ) (27,639 ) (154,857 ) Gain (loss) on transaction of derivatives (23,031 ) (37,498 ) (24,713 ) (129,417 ) 2,158 (17,111 ) Gain (loss) on valuation of derivatives—Other comprehensive income (loss) (61,920 ) (34,094 ) 5,164 Gain (loss) on transaction of derivatives (10,613 ) (14,332 ) 15,283
6. |
Restricted deposits as of December 31, 2012 and 20112013 are as follows (KRW in millions):follows:
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | Escrow accounts | ₩ | 72,979 | ₩ | 79,370 | Escrow accounts | ₩ | 72,979 | 61,873 | |||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | Collateral provided for lawsuit | 329 | 328 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term financial instruments | Guarantee deposits for checking account | 5 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Deposits for government project | — | 17,807 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Collateral provided for lawsuit | 329 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term financial instruments | Guarantee deposits for banking accounts at oversea branches | 303 | 326 | Guarantee deposits for checking account | �� | 5 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||
|
| Guarantee deposits for banking accounts at oversea branches | 303 | 300 | ||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 73,616 | ₩ | 80,029 | Collateral provided for lawsuit | — | 330 | ||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 73,616 | 80,315 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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7. |
Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and in banks, net of outstanding bank overdrafts. The Company considers short-term financial instruments with maturities of three months or less at the acquisition date to be cash equivalents.
Cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 are as follows (KRW in millions):
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | |||||||
Demand deposit(*) | ₩ | 705,245 | ₩ | 671,038 | ||||
Cash equivalents | 1,249,704 | 716,883 | ||||||
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| |||||
₩ | 1,954,949 | ₩ | 1,387,921 | |||||
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|
|
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||
Cash | ₩ | 264 | 56 | |||||||||
Cash equivalents | 734,722 | 1,141,202 | ||||||||||
Short-term deposits classified as cash equivalents | 1,197,606 | 1,073,789 | ||||||||||
Short-term investments classified as cash equivalents | 52,098 | 17,266 | ||||||||||
Government grants | (29,741 | ) | — | |||||||||
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| |||||||||
₩ | 1,954,949 | 2,232,313 | ||||||||||
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8. |
(1) |
Dec. 31, 2012 | ||||||||||||||||
Gross receivables | Allowance for doubtful accounts | Present value discount | Book value | |||||||||||||
Current Asset: | ||||||||||||||||
Accounts receivable | ₩ | 6,776,526 | ₩ | (47,312 | ) | ₩ | (416 | ) | ₩ | 6,728,798 | ||||||
Other receivables | 504,067 | (45,791 | ) | (2,449 | ) | 455,827 | ||||||||||
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| |||||||||
7,280,593 | (93,103 | ) | (2,865 | ) | 7,184,625 | |||||||||||
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|
|
|
| |||||||||
Non-current Asset: | ||||||||||||||||
Accounts receivable | 451,179 | — | (144 | ) | 451,035 | |||||||||||
Other receivables | 989,445 | (179,287 | ) | (6,863 | ) | 803,295 | ||||||||||
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|
|
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| |||||||||
1,440,624 | (179,287 | ) | (7,007 | ) | 1,254,330 | |||||||||||
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|
|
|
| |||||||||
₩ | 8,721,217 | ₩ | (272,390 | ) | ₩ | (9,872 | ) | ₩ | 8,438,955 | |||||||
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|
|
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Gross amount | Allowance for doubtful accounts | Present value discount | Book value | |||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
Current assets | ||||||||||||||||||||
Trade receivables | ₩ | 6,776,526 | (47,312 | ) | (416 | ) | 6,728,798 | |||||||||||||
Other receivables | 504,067 | (45,791 | ) | (2,449 | ) | 455,827 | ||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||
7,280,593 | (93,103 | ) | (2,865 | ) | 7,184,625 | |||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
Non-current assets | ||||||||||||||||||||
Trade receivables | 451,179 | — | (144 | ) | 451,035 | |||||||||||||||
Other receivables | 989,445 | (179,287 | ) | (6,863 | ) | 803,295 | ||||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
1,440,624 | (179,287 | ) | (7,007 | ) | 1,254,330 | |||||||||||||||
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|
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|
| |||||||||||||
₩ | 8,721,217 | (272,390 | ) | (9,872 | ) | 8,438,955 | ||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
Dec. 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
Gross receivables | Allowance for doubtful accounts | Present value discount | Book value | |||||||||||||
Current Asset: | ||||||||||||||||
Accounts receivable | ₩ | 5,934,119 | ₩ | (24,586 | ) | ₩ | (832 | ) | ₩ | 5,908,701 | ||||||
Other receivables | 1,413,654 | (46,374 | ) | (1,833 | ) | 1,365,447 | ||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
7,347,773 | (70,960 | ) | (2,665 | ) | 7,274,148 | |||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Non-current Asset: | ||||||||||||||||
Accounts receivable | 505,636 | — | (560 | ) | 505,076 | |||||||||||
Other receivables | 943,376 | (156,824 | ) | (7,096 | ) | 779,456 | ||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
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|
| |||||||||
1,449,012 | (156,824 | ) | (7,656 | ) | 1,284,532 | |||||||||||
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|
|
|
| |||||||||
₩ | 8,796,785 | ₩ | (227,784 | ) | ₩ | (10,321 | ) | ₩ | 8,558,680 | |||||||
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|
|
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|
|
2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Gross amount | Allowance for doubtful accounts | Present value discount | Book value | |||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
Current assets | ||||||||||||||||||||
Trade receivables | ₩ | 7,076,303 | (65,024 | ) | (136 | ) | 7,011,143 | |||||||||||||
Other receivables | 559,958 | (42,729 | ) | (2,061 | ) | 515,168 | ||||||||||||||
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|
|
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|
|
| |||||||||||||
7,636,261 | (107,753 | ) | (2,197 | ) | 7,526,311 | |||||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
Non-current assets | ||||||||||||||||||||
Trade receivables | 421,949 | — | (8 | ) | 421,941 | |||||||||||||||
Other receivables | 1,255,724 | (27,158 | ) | (6,174 | ) | 1,222,392 | ||||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
1,677,673 | (27,158 | ) | (6,182 | ) | 1,644,333 | |||||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
₩ | 9,313,934 | (134,911 | ) | (8,379 | ) | 9,170,644 | ||||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
(2) | Other receivables as of December 31, 2012 and |
Dec. 31, 2012 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross receivables | Allowance for doubtful accounts | Present value discount | Book value | Gross amount | Allowance for doubtful accounts | Present value discount | Book value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current Asset: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-trade receivables | ₩ | 294,989 | ₩ | (45,791 | ) | ₩ | — | ₩ | 249,198 | ₩ | 294,989 | (45,791 | ) | — | 249,198 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued income | 42,067 | — | — | 42,067 | 42,067 | — | — | 42,067 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposits | 160,801 | — | (2,449 | ) | 158,352 | 160,801 | — | (2,449 | ) | 158,352 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finance leases receivable | 4,134 | — | — | 4,134 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finance lease receivables | 4,134 | — | — | 4,134 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 2,076 | — | — | 2,076 | 2,076 | — | — | 2,076 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
504,067 | (45,791 | ) | (2,449 | ) | 455,827 | 504,067 | (45,791 | ) | (2,449 | ) | 455,827 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current Asset: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-trade receivables | 57,386 | (1,684 | ) | — | 55,702 | 57,386 | (1,684 | ) | — | 55,702 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposits | 224,112 | — | (6,863 | ) | 217,249 | 224,112 | — | (6,863 | ) | 217,249 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finance leases receivable | 389,326 | — | — | 389,326 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finance lease receivables | 389,326 | — | — | 389,326 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 318,621 | (177,603 | ) | — | 141,018 | 318,621 | (177,603 | ) | — | 141,018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
989,445 | (179,287 | ) | (6,863 | ) | 803,295 | 989,445 | (179,287 | ) | (6,863 | ) | 803,295 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 1,493,512 | ₩ | (225,078 | ) | ₩ | (9,312 | ) | ₩ | 1,259,122 | ₩ | 1,493,512 | (225,078 | ) | (9,312 | ) | 1,259,122 | ||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dec. 31, 2011 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross receivables | Allowance for doubtful accounts | Present value discount | Book value | Gross amount | Allowance for doubtful accounts | Present value discount | Book value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current Asset: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-trade receivables | ₩ | 1,230,830 | ₩ | (46,374 | ) | ₩ | — | ₩ | 1,184,456 | ₩ | 233,714 | (42,729 | ) | — | 190,985 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued income | 39,358 | — | — | 39,358 | 47,310 | — | — | 47,310 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposits | 130,473 | — | (1,833 | ) | 128,640 | 162,730 | — | (2,061 | ) | 160,669 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finance leases receivable | 9,279 | — | — | 9,279 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finance lease receivables | 4,569 | — | — | 4,569 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 3,714 | — | — | 3,714 | 111,635 | — | — | 111,635 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1,413,654 | (46,374 | ) | (1,833 | ) | 1,365,447 | 559,958 | (42,729 | ) | (2,061 | ) | 515,168 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current Asset: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-trade receivables | 11,937 | (591 | ) | — | 11,346 | 102,254 | (8,608 | ) | — | 93,646 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposits | 206,469 | — | (7,096 | ) | 199,373 | 230,083 | — | (6,174 | ) | 223,909 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finance leases receivables | 366,263 | — | — | 366,263 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finance lease receivables | 845,712 | — | — | 845,712 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued income | 7,052 | — | — | 7,052 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 358,707 | (156,233 | ) | — | 202,474 | 70,623 | (18,550 | ) | — | 52,073 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
943,376 | (156,824 | ) | (7,096 | ) | 779,456 | 1,255,724 | (27,158 | ) | (6,174 | ) | 1,222,392 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 2,357,030 | ₩ | (203,198 | ) | ₩ | (8,929 | ) | ₩ | 2,144,903 | ₩ | 1,815,682 | (69,887 | ) | (8,235 | ) | 1,737,560 | ||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
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|
|
AccountsTrade and other receivables are classified as loans and other accounts receivable,receivables, and are measured using the effective interest method. No interest is accrued for trade receivables for the duration between the billing date and the payment due dates. But onceOnce trade receivables are overdue, the Company imposes a 2.0% interest rate on the overdue trade receivables.
Receivables stated above include overdue receivables as of the reporting period end. However, certain overdue receivables are still considered to be reasonably collectable. As such, the Company does not record any allowances related to such overdue receivables considered to be reasonably collectable. Furthermore, the Company does not have any collateral, or received any other credit enhancement or hold any rights to offset with the counterparty. However, the The Company holds deposits of three months’three-months’ expected electricity rateusage for customers requesting temporary usage and customers with past defaulted payment.payments.
(3) | Aging analysis of |
2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||
Account receivables: (not overdue, not impaired) | ₩ | 7,125,836 | ₩ | 6,389,978 | ||||||||||||||||
Account receivables : (overdue, not impaired) | ||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
Trade receivables: (not overdue, not impaired) | ₩ | 7,125,836 | 7,350,705 | |||||||||||||||||
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
Less than 60 days | 4 | 292 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
Trade receivables: (overdue, impaired) | 4 | 292 | ||||||||||||||||||
60 ~ 90 days | 33,124 | 17,631 | 33,124 | 36,707 | ||||||||||||||||
90 ~ 120 days | 9,853 | 5,216 | 9,853 | 18,214 | ||||||||||||||||
120 days ~ 1 year | 25,595 | 15,851 | 25,621 | 38,066 | ||||||||||||||||
Over 1 year | 30,969 | 8,641 | 33,267 | 54,268 | ||||||||||||||||
Account receivables : (impaired) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Less than 60 days | 4 | 156 | ||||||||||||||||||
60 ~ 90 days | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||
90 ~ 120 days | — | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
120 days ~ 1 year | 25 | 247 | ||||||||||||||||||
Over 1 year | 2,298 | 2,030 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
Trade receivables: (impairment reviewed) | 101,865 | 147,255 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
|
| 7,227,705 | 7,498,252 | |||||||||||||||||
7,227,705 | 6,439,755 |
|
| |||||||||||||||||
Less allowance for doubtful accounts | (47,312 | ) | (24,586 | ) | (47,312 | ) | (65,024 | ) | ||||||||||||
Less present value discount | (560 | ) | (1,392 | ) | (560 | ) | (144 | ) | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||
₩ | 7,179,833 | ₩ | 6,413,777 | ₩ | 7,179,833 | 7,433,084 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
The Company assesses at the end of each reporting period whether there is any objective evidence that trade receivables are impaired, and provides allowances for doubtful accounts which includes impairment for trade receivables that are individually significant.
The Company considers receivables as overdue if the receivables are outstanding 60 days after the maturity. The Companymaturity and sets allowance based on historical collection rate.past experience of collection.
(4) | Aging analysis of other receivables as of December 31, 2012 and |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||
Other receivables: (not overdue, not impaired) | ₩ | 1,252,525 | ₩ | 2,136,076 | ₩ | 1,252,525 | 1,667,837 | |||||||||||||
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
Less than 60 days | — | 24,878 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
Other receivables: (overdue, not impaired) | — | 24,878 | ||||||||||||||||||
60 ~ 90 days | 7,430 | 2,134 | 7,430 | 17,507 | ||||||||||||||||
90 ~ 120 days | 1,870 | 1,721 | 1,870 | 1,880 | ||||||||||||||||
120 days ~ 1 year | 5,520 | 7,486 | 5,520 | 23,996 | ||||||||||||||||
Over 1 year | 9,964 | 13,221 | 226,167 | 79,584 | ||||||||||||||||
Other receivables: (impaired) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Less than 60 days | — | 15 | ||||||||||||||||||
60 ~ 90 days | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
90 ~ 120 days | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
120 days ~ 1 year | — | 24 | ||||||||||||||||||
Over 1 year | 216,203 | 196,353 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
Other receivables: (impairment reviewed) | 240,987 | 122,967 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
|
| 1,493,512 | 1,815,682 | |||||||||||||||||
1,493,512 | 2,357,030 |
|
| |||||||||||||||||
Less allowance for doubtful accounts | (225,078 | ) | (203,198 | ) | (225,078 | ) | (69,887 | ) | ||||||||||||
Less present value discount | (9,312 | ) | (8,929 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Less present value discount | (9,312 | ) | (8,235 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
|
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| |||||||||||||||||
₩ | 1,259,122 | ₩ | 2,144,903 | ₩ | 1,259,122 | 1,737,560 | ||||||||||||||
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(5) | Changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts for the years ended December |
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | Trade receivables | Other receivables | Trade receivables | Other receivables | Trade receivables | Other receivables | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts Receivable | Other Receivables | Accounts Receivable | Other Receivables | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning balance | ₩ | 24,586 | ₩ | 203,198 | ₩ | 29,298 | ₩ | 124,622 | ₩ | 29,298 | 124,622 | 24,586 | 203,198 | 47,312 | 225,078 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bad debt expense | 37,447 | 3,994 | 14,270 | 867 | 14,270 | 867 | 37,447 | 3,994 | 40,446 | 8,665 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Write off | (14,721 | ) | (3,331 | ) | (18,522 | ) | (1,780 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reversal | — | (152 | ) | (460 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | — | 21,369 | — | 79,489 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Write-offs | (18,522 | ) | (1,780 | ) | (14,721 | ) | (3,331 | ) | (22,734 | ) | (4,227 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reversals | (460 | ) | — | — | (152 | ) | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others(*) | — | 79,489 | — | 21,369 | — | (159,629 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Ending balance | ₩ | 47,312 | ₩ | 225,078 | ₩ | 24,586 | ₩ | 203,198 | ₩ | 24,586 | 203,198 | 47,312 | 225,078 | 65,024 | 69,887 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(*) | The amounts in 2011 and 2012 represented allowance against loans to equity method investments which were reversed when the loans were converted to investment in associates during 2013. |
9. |
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||
Ownership (%) | Current | Non-Current | Current | Non-Current | ||||||||||||||||
Equity Securities | ||||||||||||||||||||
Listed: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Kwanglim Co., Ltd. | 0.44 | % | ₩ | — | ₩ | 168 | ₩ | — | ₩ | 176 | ||||||||||
Sungjee Construction. Co., Ltd. | 0.01 | % | — | 5 | — | 15 | ||||||||||||||
Korea District Heating Corp.(*1) | 19.55 | % | — | 167,541 | — | 141,504 | ||||||||||||||
Ssangyong Motor Co., Ltd. | 0.03 | % | — | 205 | — | 196 | ||||||||||||||
LG Uplus Corporation (*1) | 8.80 | % | — | 299,593 | — | 284,229 | ||||||||||||||
FISSION Energy Corporation | 0.58 | % | — | 533 | — | 802 | ||||||||||||||
Denison Mines Corporation | 14.92 | % | — | 76,765 | — | 83,217 | ||||||||||||||
Energy Fuel INC | 9.39 | % | — | 12,425 | — | — | ||||||||||||||
PT Adaro Energy Tbk | 1.50 | % | — | 84,288 | — | 108,460 | ||||||||||||||
Cockatoo Coal Ltd. | 4.91 | % | — | 6,487 | — | 21,994 | ||||||||||||||
Korea Line Corporation | 0.0002 | % | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Strathmore Minerals Corporation | 11.79 | % | — | 4,132 | — | — | ||||||||||||||
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— | 652,142 | — | 640,593 | |||||||||||||||||
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Unlisted: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Construction Guarantee | 0.02 | % | — | 784 | — | 601 | ||||||||||||||
Global Dynasty overseas resource development private equity firm | 7.14 | % | — | 881 | — | 357 | ||||||||||||||
Plant & Mechanical Contractors Financial Cooperative of Korea | 0.01 | % | — | 36 | — | 36 | ||||||||||||||
Dongnam Co., Ltd | 0.46 | % | — | 72 | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Mobo Co., Ltd | 0.002 | % | — | 14 | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Fire Guarantee | 0.02 | % | — | 20 | — | 20 | ||||||||||||||
Korea Software Financial Cooperative | 0.23 | % | — | 301 | — | 301 | ||||||||||||||
C&Woobang ENC Co., Ltd. | 0.0004 | % | — | 22 | — | 22 | ||||||||||||||
Women’s venture fund | 10.00 | % | — | 780 | — | 1,000 | ||||||||||||||
Engineering Financial Cooperative | 0.10 | % | — | 60 | — | 60 | ||||||||||||||
Intellectual Discovery, Ltd | 11.17 | % | — | 5,000 | — | 5,000 | ||||||||||||||
Electric Contractors’ Financial Cooperative | 0.03 | % | — | 152 | — | 152 | ||||||||||||||
Korea Specialty Contractor Financial Cooperative | 0.01 | % | — | 417 | — | 177 | ||||||||||||||
Information & Communication Financial Cooperative | 0.01 | % | — | 10 | — | 10 | ||||||||||||||
Troika overseas resource development private equity firm | 3.75 | % | — | 8,573 | — | 8,372 | ||||||||||||||
POSTECH Venture Capital Corporation | 1.05 | % | — | 240 | — | 240 | ||||||||||||||
POSTECH electric power fund | 12.28 | % | — | 2,800 | — | 2,800 | ||||||||||||||
Hydrogen Power. Co., Ltd | 0.23 | % | — | 38 | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Korea Bio Fuel Co., Ltd | 15.00 | % | — | 1,500 | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Korea Electric Engineers Association | 0.26 | % | — | 40 | — | 40 |
Ownership | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||
Equity securities | ||||||||||||||||
Listed | ||||||||||||||||
Kwanglim Co., Ltd.(*1) | 0.44 | % | ₩ | 168 | 150 | |||||||||||
Sungjee Construction Co., Ltd.(*1) | 0.01 | % | 5 | 7 | ||||||||||||
Korea District Heating Corp.(*2) | 19.55 | % | 167,541 | 194,710 | ||||||||||||
Ssangyong Motor Co., Ltd.(*1) | 0.03 | % | 205 | 291 | ||||||||||||
LG Uplus Corporation(*2) | 8.80 | % | 299,593 | 412,901 | ||||||||||||
Fission Uranium Corp.(formerly named Fission) | 0.52 | % | 533 | 848 | ||||||||||||
Denison Mines Corp. | 12.62 | % | 76,765 | 74,498 | ||||||||||||
Energy Fuels INC(*4) | 9.06 | % | 12,425 | 10,307 | ||||||||||||
PT Adaro Energy Tbk | 1.50 | % | 84,288 | 45,204 | ||||||||||||
Cockatoo Coal Limited(*3) | 1.20 | % | 6,487 | 1,875 | ||||||||||||
Namkwang Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd | 0.01 | % | — | 5 | ||||||||||||
Byucksan Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd | 0.00 | % | — | 1 | ||||||||||||
Dongyang Engineering & Construction Corp. | 0.01 | % | — | 5 | ||||||||||||
Pumyang Construction Co., Ltd. | 0.00 | % | — | 3 | ||||||||||||
Strathmore Minerals Corp.(*4) | 0.00 | % | 4,132 | — | ||||||||||||
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652,142 | 740,805 | |||||||||||||||
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Unlisted | ||||||||||||||||
Construction Guarantee | 0.02 | % | 784 | 790 | ||||||||||||
Global Dynasty overseas resource development private equity firm | 7.46 | % | 881 | 1,517 | ||||||||||||
Plant & Mechanical Contractors Financial Cooperative of Korea | 0.01 | % | 36 | 36 | ||||||||||||
Dongnam Co., Ltd. | 0.46 | % | 72 | 72 | ||||||||||||
Mobo Co., Ltd. | 0.00 | % | 14 | 14 | ||||||||||||
Fire Guarantee | 0.02 | % | 20 | 20 | ||||||||||||
Korea Software Financial Cooperative | 0.18 | % | 301 | 301 | ||||||||||||
Woobang ENC Co., Ltd. | 0.00 | % | 22 | 22 | ||||||||||||
Women’s venture fund | 10.00 | % | 780 | 780 | ||||||||||||
Engineering Financial Cooperative | 0.11 | % | 60 | 60 | ||||||||||||
Intellectual Discovery, Ltd. | 9.13 | % | 5,000 | 5,000 | ||||||||||||
Electric Contractors Financial Cooperative | 0.03 | % | 152 | 152 | ||||||||||||
Korea Specialty Contractor Financial Cooperative | 0.01 | % | 417 | 417 | ||||||||||||
Information & Communication Financial Cooperative | 0.03 | % | 10 | 10 | ||||||||||||
Troika overseas resource development private equity firm | 3.66 | % | 8,573 | 10,664 | ||||||||||||
POSTECH Venture Capital Corporation | 0.00 | % | 240 | — | ||||||||||||
POSTECH electric power fund | 5.61 | % | 2,800 | — | ||||||||||||
Poonglim Industrial Co., Ltd. | 0.01 | % | — | 78 | ||||||||||||
Woori Ascon Co., Ltd. | 0.34 | % | — | 10 | ||||||||||||
HANKOOK Silicon Co., Ltd. | 11.82 | % | — | 7,513 | ||||||||||||
LIG E&C Co., Ltd. | 0.00 | % | — | 5 | ||||||||||||
Miju Steel Mfg Co., Ltd. | 0.23 | % | — | 51 | ||||||||||||
Ginseng K Co., Ltd. | 0.08 | % | — | 8 | ||||||||||||
Dae Kwang Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | 0.07 | % | — | 6 | ||||||||||||
Sanbon Department Store | 0.01 | % | — | 124 | ||||||||||||
SAMBO AUTO. Co., Ltd. | 0.02 | % | 38 | 38 |
Korea electrical manufacturers Association Korea investment—Korea EXIM Bank CERs private special asset Investment Trust I Hanwha Venture Capital Corporation Hanwha electric power venture Fund Hwan Young Steel Co., Ltd. IBK-AUCTUS green growth Private equity firm K&C- Gyeongnam youth job Creation investment fund Areva NC Expansion Green & Sustainable Energy Investment Corp.(*2) Kanan Hydroelectric Power Corp.(*2) SET Holdings 3i Powergen Inc., Navanakorn Electric Co., Ltd.(*2) Debt securities Ambre Energy Limited Korea Bio Fuel Co., Ltd. Korea Electric Engineers Association Korea Electrical Manufacturers Association Korea investment—Korea EXIM Bank CERs private special asset Investment Trust Hanwha Venture Capital Corporation Hanwha Electric Power Venture fund Hwan Young Steel Co., Ltd. IBK-AUCTUS green growth private equity firm(*2) K&C- Gyeongnam youth job Creation investment fund Areva Nc Expansion Green & Sustainable Energy Investment Corp. Kanan Hydroelectric Power Corp. Set Holding Siam Solar Power 3i Powergen Inc. PT. Kedap Saayq Navanakorn Electric Co., Ltd.(*5) Debt securities Ambre Energy Limited Dec. 31, 2012 Dec. 31, 2011 Ownership
(%) Current Non-Current Current Non-Current 1.05 % — 240 — 240 14.18 % — 6,803 — 6,803 1.20 % — 180 — 180 15.20 % — 2,280 — 2,280 0.14 % — 97 — 97 6.29 % — 6,054 — 7,060 9.87 % — 1,420 — 1,660 13.49 % — 241,472 — 254,744 20.00 % — 14 — 14 20.00 % — 19 — 19 2.50 % — 169,637 — 238,561 15.00 % — 1,630 — 1,646 29.00 % — 14,948 — — — 466,534 — 532,492 — 22,518 — — ₩ — ₩ 1,141,194 ₩ — ₩ 1,173,085 Ownership 2012 2013 In millions of won 15.00 % ₩ 1,500 1,500 0.26 % 40 61 0.00 % 240 — 14.18 % 6,803 6,803 0.00 % 180 — 16.40 % 2,280 1,804 0.14 % 97 97 6.30 % 6,054 6,054 10.00 % 1,420 1,340 13.49 % 241,472 248,292 19.58 % 14 13 19.58 % 19 17 2.50 % 169,637 170,514 10.00 % — 933 15.00 % 1,630 1,486 10.00 % — 18,540 29.00 % 14,948 16,163 466,534 501,305 22,518 14,655 ₩ 1,141,194 1,256,765
(*1) |
(*2) | The fair values of the securities of Korea District Heating Corp. and LG Uplus Corporation |
(*3) | The fair value of Cockatoo Coal Limited securities declined significantly below the acquisition cost and the cumulative losses of ₩12,177 million previously recognized in other comprehensive loss were reclassified to impairment loss on available-for-sale financial assets during the year ended December 31, 2013. |
(* | Shares of Energy Fuels Inc. were acquired when Strathmore Minerals Corp. was merged into Energy Fuels Inc. during 2013. As a result of the exchange of the shares, a gain on disposal of available-for-sale financial assets amounting to ₩4,202 million was recognized for the year ended December 31, 2013. |
(*5) | Although the Company holds more than 20% |
Book values of unlisted equity securities held by the Company that were measured at cost as of December 31, 2012 and 2013 are ₩296,897 million and ₩330,001 million, respectively, as a quoted market price does not exist in an active market and its fair value cannot be measured reliably.
Dec 31, 2012 | Dec 31, 2011 | |||||||||||||||
Type | Acquisition cost | Fair value | Acquisition cost | Fair value | ||||||||||||
Equity securities | ₩ | 1,195,466 | ₩ | 1,141,194 | ₩ | 1,229,203 | ₩ | 1,173,085 | ||||||||
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10. |
Held-to-maturity investments as of December 31, 2012 and 20112013 are as follows (KRW in millions):follows:
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | |||||||||||||||
Current | Non-Current | Current | Non-Current | |||||||||||||
Government and municipal bonds | ₩ | 196 | ₩ | 2,020 | ₩ | 334 | ₩ | 1,986 | ||||||||
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2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
Current | Non-current | Current | Non-current | |||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
Government and municipal bonds and others | ₩ | 196 | 2,020 | 168 | 2,117 | |||||||||||||||
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11. |
(1) | Derivatives as of December 31, 2012 and |
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current | Non-Current | Current | Non-Current | Current | Non-current | Current | Non-current | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DERIVATIVE ASSETS: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Currency option | ₩ | — | — | 963 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Currency forward | ₩ | 245 | ₩ | 40 | ₩ | 8,410 | ₩ | — | 245 | 40 | 474 | 206 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Currency swap | 115,761 | 127,652 | 10,756 | 438,900 | 115,761 | 127,652 | — | 83,003 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swap | — | 4 | — | — | — | 4 | — | 1,848 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other derivatives | — | — | 4,011 | 7,342 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 116,006 | ₩ | 127,696 | ₩ | 23,177 | ₩ | 446,242 | ₩ | 116,006 | 127,696 | 1,437 | 85,057 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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DERIVATIVE LIABILITIES: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Currency option | ₩ | 9,491 | — | 42,144 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Currency forward | 10,323 | 105 | 1,864 | 2,350 | 10,323 | 105 | 2,166 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Currency swap | 70,011 | 389,948 | 8,288 | 124,202 | 70,011 | 389,948 | 291,476 | 289,819 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swap | 4,313 | 135,985 | 1,933 | 78,528 | 4,313 | 135,985 | 1,947 | 72,923 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other derivatives | 9,491 | — | 7,780 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 94,138 | ₩ | 526,038 | ₩ | 19,865 | ₩ | 205,080 | ₩ | 94,138 | 526,038 | 337,733 | 362,742 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(2) | Currency option contracts which are not designated as hedge instruments as of December 31, 2013 are as follows: |
Target Redemption Forward |
Financial institution | Contract year | Position | Contract amount | Contract exchange rate | Target profit | |||||||||||
In thousands of U.S. dollars | ||||||||||||||||
Standard Chartered | 2013.11.22 ~ 2014.11.20 | SELL | USD | 6,000 | 1,101.50 | 250 | ||||||||||
Standard Chartered | 2013.12.09 ~ 2014.12.15 | SELL | USD | 5,000 | 1,093.50 | 250 | ||||||||||
Standard Chartered | 2013.12.11 ~ 2014.12.15 | SELL | USD | 5,000 | 1,092.00 | 250 | ||||||||||
Standard Chartered | 2013.12.18 ~ 2014.12.16 | SELL | USD | 5,000 | 1,090.50 | 250 | ||||||||||
Standard Chartered | 2013.12.19 ~ 2014.12.17 | SELL | USD | 8,000 | 1,097.50 | 250 | ||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2013.06.21 ~ 2014.06.24 | BUY | USD | 2,000 | 1,113.50 | 200 | ||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2013.07.09 ~ 2014.07.16 | BUY | USD | 3,000 | 1,109.40 | 200 | ||||||||||
Nomura | 2013.06.27 ~ 2014.06.30 | BUY | USD | 3,000 | 1,102.40 | 200 | ||||||||||
Credit Suisse | 2013.07.03 ~ 2014.07.02 | BUY | USD | 5,000 | 1,105.50 | 200 | ||||||||||
Credit Suisse | 2013.11.20 ~ 2014.11.26 | SELL | USD | 5,000 | 1,099.10 | 250 | ||||||||||
Credit Suisse | 2013.12.17 ~ 2014.12.15 | SELL | USD | 3,000 | 1,092.00 | 250 | ||||||||||
Morgan Stanley | 2013.07.01 ~ 2014.07.01 | BUY | USD | 5,000 | 1,098.20 | 200 | ||||||||||
Morgan Stanley | 2013.07.19 ~ 2014.07.15 | BUY | USD | 3,000 | 1,095.00 | 200 | ||||||||||
Morgan Stanley | 2013.08.19 ~ 2014.08.18 | BUY | USD | 3,000 | 1,089.40 | 200 | ||||||||||
Morgan Stanley | 2013.09.11 ~ 2014.05.07 | BUY | USD | 10,000 | 1,072.90 | 50 | ||||||||||
Morgan Stanley | 2013.10.21 ~ 2014.12.29 | BUY | USD | 3,000 | 1,047.00 | 50 | ||||||||||
RBS | 2013.06.26 ~ 2014.06.18 | BUY | USD | 3,000 | 1,112.00 | 250 | ||||||||||
HSBC | 2013.07.04 ~ 2014.07.07 | BUY | USD | 3,000 | 1,099.80 | 200 |
The Company enters into currency option contracts to buy or sell currency at a specified exchange rate during a specified period of time to hedge currency exchange risk from flaming coal purchase payments. Every week, the Company compares the target profit to the accumulated total profit or loss from the difference between the contract exchange rate and average exchange rate. When the target profits are achieved, the contracts will be automatically terminated.
(ii) | European Knock-Out |
Contract amount | Contract exchange rate | Barrier(*1) | ||||||||||||||||
Financial institution | Contract year | Pay | Receive | |||||||||||||||
In millions of won and thousands of U.S. dollars | ||||||||||||||||||
Standard Chartered | 2013.10.31 ~ 2014.04.30 | 162,368 | USD | 153,670 | 1,056.60 | 1,120.00 | ||||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2013.09.16 ~ 2014.01.13 | 5,747 | USD | 5,328 | 1,078.50 | 1,150.00 | ||||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2013.09.16 ~ 2014.02.12 | 7,404 | USD | 6,882 | 1,075.90 | 1,150.00 | ||||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2013.09.16 ~ 2014.03.13 | 13,826 | USD | 12,879 | 1,073.50 | 1,150.00 | ||||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2013.10.11 ~ 2014.04.07 | 9,884 | USD | 9,317 | 1,060.90 | 1,130.00 | ||||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2013.10.29 ~ 2014.03.26 | 4,763 | USD | 4,516 | 1,054.60 | 1,100.00 | ||||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2013.10.29 ~ 2014.04.24 | 11,250 | USD | 10,689 | 1,052.50 | 1,100.00 | ||||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2013.12.13 ~ 2014.05.08 | 8,472 | USD | 8,121 | 1,043.20 | 1,100.00 | ||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2013.09.09 ~ 2014.03.05 | 5,611 | USD | 5,244 | 1,070.00 | 1,150.00 | ||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2013.09.09 ~ 2014.02.26 | 9,831 | USD | 9,217 | 1,066.70 | 1,130.00 | ||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2013.10.22 ~ 2014.04.17 | 5,816 | USD | 5,516 | 1,054.40 | 1,110.00 | ||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2013.12.16 ~ 2014.06.11 | 18,335 | USD | 17,664 | 1,038.00 | 1,100.00 | ||||||||||||
Credit Suisse | 2013.10.01 ~ 2014.02.26 | 9,120 | USD | 8,558 | 1,065.70 | 1,130.00 | ||||||||||||
Credit Suisse | 2013.10.01 ~ 2014.03.27 | 9,531 | USD | 8,964 | 1,063.20 | 1,130.00 | ||||||||||||
Credit Suisse | 2013.10.28 ~ 2014.04.24 | 10,142 | USD | 9,619 | 1,054.40 | 1,110.00 | ||||||||||||
Morgan Stanley | 2013.10.31 ~ 2014.04.30 | 158,610 | USD | 150,000 | 1,057.40 | 1,120.00 | ||||||||||||
RBS | 2013.11.23 ~ 2014.01.28 | 4,261 | USD | 3,942 | 1,080.80 | 1,150.00 | ||||||||||||
RBS | 2013.11.23 ~ 2014.04.21 | 5,853 | USD | 5,546 | 1,055.20 | 1,110.00 |
(*1) | Contracts are entered to hedge the currency risk arising from foreign short-term borrowings. The contracts will be automatically cancelled if the market average exchange rate at maturity date is above the barrier. |
(3) | Currency forward contracts which are not designated as hedge instruments, as of December 31, 2013 are as follows: |
Counterparty | Contract Date | Maturity Date | Contract amounts | Contract exchange rate | ||||||||||||||
Pay | Receive | |||||||||||||||||
In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies | ||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2013-12-18 | 2014-01-13 | 10,715 | USD 10,168 | 1,053.81 | |||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2013-12-18 | 2014-01-02 | 2,906 | USD 2,760 | 1,053.21 | |||||||||||||
RBS | 2013-12-18 | 2014-01-03 | 38,396 | USD 36,457 | 1,053.18 | |||||||||||||
DBS | 2013-12-30 | 2014-01-13 | 61,974 | USD 58,671 | 1,056.29 | |||||||||||||
RBS | 2013-11-19 | 2014-05-21 | 7,049 | USD 6,603 | 1,067.50 | |||||||||||||
BNP Paribas | 2013-11-19 | 2014-05-21 | 21,352 | USD 20,000 | 1,067.60 | |||||||||||||
BNP Paribas | 2013-11-28 | 2014-05-21 | USD 4,000 | 4,270 | 1,067.60 | |||||||||||||
BNP Paribas | 2013-12-20 | 2014-05-21 | USD 7,695 | 8,215 | 1,067.60 | |||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2013-12-26 | 2014-01-02 | 3,176 | USD 3,000 | 1,058.67 | |||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2013-12-27 | 2014-01-02 | 3,168 | USD 3,000 | 1,056.08 | |||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2013-12-27 | 2014-01-02 | 8,437 | USD 8,000 | 1,054.68 | |||||||||||||
The Bank of Nova Scotia | 2013-09-06 | 2014-01-10 | 7,666 | USD 7,000 | 1,095.20 | |||||||||||||
The Bank of Nova Scotia | 2013-11-12 | 2014-02-14 | 5,380 | USD 5,000 | 1,075.90 | |||||||||||||
Standard Chartered | 2013-10-01 | 2014-01-06 | 5,398 | USD 5,000 | 1,079.60 | |||||||||||||
Standard Chartered | 2013-10-01 | 2014-01-06 | 10,801 | USD 10,000 | 1,080.10 | |||||||||||||
Standard Chartered | 2013-10-11 | 2014-01-15 | 5,379 | USD 5,000 | 1,075.70 | |||||||||||||
RBS | 2013-09-09 | 2014-01-10 | 4,369 | USD 3,979 | 1,098.00 | |||||||||||||
RBS | 2013-09-09 | 2014-01-10 | 5,485 | USD 5,000 | 1,097.00 | |||||||||||||
RBS | 2013-09-09 | 2014-01-10 | 5,480 | USD 5,000 | 1,096.00 | |||||||||||||
RBS | 2013-10-11 | 2014-01-15 | 2,804 | USD 2,607 | 1,075.70 | |||||||||||||
RBS | 2013-11-12 | 2014-02-14 | 5,380 | USD 5,000 | 1,075.95 | |||||||||||||
RBS | 2013-09-09 | 2014-01-10 | 5,475 | USD 5,000 | 1,095.00 | |||||||||||||
BNP Paribas | 2013-10-07 | 2014-01-10 | 5,377 | USD 5,000 | 1,075.40 | |||||||||||||
BNP Paribas | 2013-11-12 | 2014-02-12 | 5,379 | USD 5,000 | 1,075.80 | |||||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2013-10-07 | 2014-01-10 | 5,376 | USD 5,000 | 1,075.10 | |||||||||||||
The Bank of Nova Scotia | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-12 | 1,147 | USD 1,085 | 1,057.05 | |||||||||||||
Standard Chartered | 2011-08-08 | 2014.01.27 ~ 2015.12.28 | USD 19,623 | 21,579 | 1,093.10 ~ 1,103.20 |
(4) | Currency swap contracts which are not designated as hedge instruments as of December 31, |
Counterparty | Contract year | Contract amounts | Contract interest rate | Contract exchange rate | Contract year | Contract amount | Contract interest rate | Contract exchange rate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pay | Receive | Pay | Receive | Pay | Receive | Pay (%) | Receive (%) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Barclays | 2008 | 2013 | KRW | 187,020 | USD | 200,000 | 7.50 | % | 7.75% | 935.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Credit Suisse | 2008 | 2013 | KRW | 140,265 | USD | 150,000 | 6.94 | % | 7.75% | 935.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shinhan Bank | 2010 | 2014 | KRW | 84,615 | USD | 75,000 | 6.83 | % | 5.50% | 1,128.20 | 2010~2014 | 84,615 | USD 75,000 | 6.83% | 5.50% | 1,128.20 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
RBS | 2010 | 2014 | KRW | 141,125 | USD | 125,000 | 6.78 | % | 5.50% | 1,129.00 | 2010~2014 | 141,125 | USD 125,000 | 6.78% | 5.50% | 1,129.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Morgan Stanley | 2010 | 2014 | KRW | 112,320 | USD | 100,000 | 6.71 | % | 5.50% | 1,123.20 | 2010~2014 | 112,320 | USD 100,000 | 6.71% | 5.50% | 1,123.20 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
HSBC | 2010 | 2014 | KRW | 112,320 | USD | 100,000 | 6.71 | % | 5.50% | 1,123.20 | 2010~2014 | 112,320 | USD 100,000 | 6.71% | 5.50% | 1,123.20 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BOA | 2010 | 2015 | KRW | 110,310 | USD | 100,000 | 6.93 | % | 5.50% | 1,103.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank of America | 2011~2014 | 110,310 | USD 100,000 | 6.93% | 5.50% | 1,103.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
UBS | 2010 | 2015 | KRW | 220,356 | USD | 200,000 | 3.90 | % | 3.00% | 1,101.78 | 2011~2015 | 220,356 | USD 200,000 | 3.90% | 3.00% | 1,101.78 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
RBS | 2010 | 2015 | KRW | 110,110 | USD | 100,000 | 3.90 | % | 3.00% | 1,101.10 | 2011~2015 | 110,110 | USD 100,000 | 3.90% | 3.00% | 1,101.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Barclays | 2010 | 2015 | KRW | 108,390 | USD | 100,000 | 3.78 | % | 3.00% | 1,083.90 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2011~2015 | 108,390 | USD 100,000 | 3.78% | 3.00% | 1,083.90 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Credit Suisse | 2010 | 2015 | KRW | 108,390 | USD | 100,000 | 3.22 | % | 3.00% | 1,083.90 | 2011~2015 | 108,390 | USD 100,000 | 3.22% | 3.00% | 1,083.90 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Morgan Stanley | 2010 | 2015 | KRW | 63,006 | USD | 60,000 | 4.06 | % | 3.00% | 1,050.10 | 2011~2015 | 63,006 | USD 60,000 | 4.06% | 3.00% | 1,050.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Goldman Sachs | 2010 | 2015 | KRW | 156,643 | USD | 140,000 | 3.92 | % | 3.00% | 1,118.88 | 2010~2015 | 156,643 | USD 140,000 | 3.92% | 3.00% | 1,118.88 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deutsche Bank | 2012~2018 | 110,412 | JPY 10,000,000 | 6.21% | 4.19% | 11.04 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
IBK | 2013~2018 | 111,800 | USD 100,000 | 3.16% | 2.79% | 1,118.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank of America | 2012~2018 | 103,580 | JPY 10,000,000 | 7.05% | 4.19% | 10.36 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Morgan Stanley | 2010 | 2015 | KRW | 118,800 | USD | 100,000 | 4.61 | % | 3M USD Libor + 1.64% | 1,188.00 | 2010~2015 | 118,800 | USD 100,000 | 4.61% | 3M Libor + 1.64% | 1,188.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
M-UFJ | 2010 | 2015 | KRW | 116,100 | USD | 100,000 | 4.00 | % | 3M USD Libor + 1.00% | 1,161.00 | 2010~2015 | 116,100 | USD 100,000 | 4.00% | 3M Libor + 1.00% | 1,161.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DBS | 2011 | 2014 | KRW | 56,150 | USD | 50,000 | 4.21 | % | 3M USD Libor + 1.00% | 1,123.00 | 2011~2014 | 56,150 | USD 50,000 | 4.21% | 3M Libor + 1.00% | 1,123.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SMBC | 2011 | 2014 | KRW | 56,150 | USD | 50,000 | 4.21 | % | 3M USD Libor + 1.00% | 1,123.00 | 2011~2014 | 56,150 | USD 50,000 | 4.21% | 3M Libor + 1.00% | 1,123.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mizuho | 2011 | 2014 | KRW | 112,800 | USD | 100,000 | 3.86 | % | 3M USD Libor + 0.80% | 1,128.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mizuho Corporate Bank | 2011~2014 | 112,800 | USD 100,000 | 3.86% | 3M Libor + 0.80% | 1,128.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DBS | 2011 | 2014 | KRW | 109,500 | USD | 100,000 | 3.80 | % | 3M USD Libor + 0.85% | 1,095.00 | 2011~2014 | 109,500 | USD 100,000 | 3.80% | 3M Libor + 0.85% | 1,095.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deutsche Bank | 2009~2014 | 126,610 | USD 100,000 | 5.39% | 6.25% | 1,266.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nomura | 2009~2014 | 126,610 | USD 100,000 | 5.35% | 6.25% | 1,266.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nomura | 2009~2014 | 126,610 | USD 100,000 | 5.33% | 6.25% | 1,266.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Morgan Stanley | 2009~2014 | 126,610 | USD 100,000 | 5.32% | 6.25% | 1,266.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Morgan Stanley | 2010~2014 | 126,610 | USD 100,000 | 5.30% | 6.25% | 1,266.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2010~2014 | 126,610 | USD 100,000 | 5.29% | 6.25% | 1,266.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Citibank | 2010~2014 | 126,610 | USD 100,000 | 5.27% | 6.25% | 1,266.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
JP Morgan | 2010~2014 | 126,610 | USD 100,000 | 4.93% | 6.25% | 1,266.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deutsche Bank | 2010~2014 | 126,610 | USD 100,000 | 4.93% | 6.25% | 1,266.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
RBS | 2010~2014 | 126,610 | USD 100,000 | 4.93% | 6.25% | 1,266.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Citibank | 2010~2015 | 116,080 | USD 100,000 | 3.97% | 3.13% | 1,160.80 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deutsche Bank | 2010~2015 | 116,080 | USD 100,000 | 3.98% | 3.13% | 1,160.80 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
RBS | 2010~2015 | 116,080 | USD 100,000 | 3.97% | 3.13% | 1,160.80 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
HSBC | 2010~2015 | 116,080 | USD 100,000 | 3.23% | 3.13% | 1,160.80 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
UBS | 2010~2015 | 116,080 | USD 100,000 | 3.23% | 3.13% | 1,160.80 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Citibank | 2012~2022 | 112,930 | USD 100,000 | 2.79% | 3.00% | 1,129.30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
JP Morgan | 2012~2022 | 112,930 | USD 100,000 | 2.79% | 3.00% | 1,129.30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank of America | 2012~2022 | 112,930 | USD 100,000 | 2.79% | 3.00% | 1,129.30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Goldman Sachs | 2012~2022 | 112,930 | USD 100,000 | 2.79% | 3.00% | 1,129.30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
HSBC | 2012~2022 | 111,770 | USD 100,000 | 2.89% | 3.00% | 1,117.70 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hana Bank | 2012~2022 | 111,770 | USD 100,000 | 2.87% | 3.00% | 1,117.70 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Standard Chartered | 2012~2022 | 111,770 | USD 100,000 | 2.89% | 3.00% | 1,117.70 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deutsche Bank | 2012~2022 | 55,885 | USD 50,000 | 2.79% | 3.00% | 1,117.70 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DBS | 2013~2018 | 108,140 | USD 100,000 | 2.63% | 3M Libor+0.84% | 1,081.40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DBS | 2013~2018 | 108,140 | USD 100,000 | 2.57% | 3M Libor+0.84% | 1,081.40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DBS | 2013~2018 | 108,140 | USD 100,000 | 2.57% | 3M Libor+0.84% | 1,081.40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
HSBC | 2013~2018 | 107,450 | USD 100,000 | 3.41% | 2.88% | 1,074.50 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Standard Chartered | 2013~2018 | 107,450 | USD 100,000 | 3.44% | 2.88% | 1,074.50 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
JP Morgan | 2013~2018 | 107,450 | USD 100,000 | 3.48% | 2.88% | 1,074.50 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
HSBC | 2013~2020 | USD 92,940 | AUD 100,000 | 3M Libor+1.22% | 5.75% | 0.93 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
HSBC | 2013~2020 | USD 93,480 | AUD 100,000 | 3M Libor+1.18% | 5.75% | 0.93 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Standard Chartered | 2013~2020 | USD 117,250 | AUD 125,000 | 3M Libor+1.25% | 5.75% | 0.94 |
Counterparty Deutsche Bank Nomura Securities Nomura Securities Mogan Stanley Mogan Stanley Barclays CITI JP Mogan Deutsche Bank RBS DBS SMBC BTMU MISUHO CITI Deutsche Bank RBS HSBC UBS CITI JP Morgan Bank of America Goldman Sachs HSBC Hana Bank SC Deutsche Bank Contract year Contract amounts Contract interest rate Contract
exchange rate Pay Receive Pay Receive 2009 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 5.39 % 6.25% 1,266.10 2009 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 5.35 % 6.25% 1,266.10 2009 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 5.33 % 6.25% 1,266.10 2009 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 5.32 % 6.25% 1,266.10 2010 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 5.30 % 6.25% 1,266.10 2010 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 5.29 % 6.25% 1,266.10 2010 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 5.27 % 6.25% 1,266.10 2010 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 4.93 % 6.25% 1,266.10 2010 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 4.93 % 6.25% 1,266.10 2010 2014 KRW 126,610 USD 100,000 4.93 % 6.25% 1,266.10 2010 2013 KRW 226,900 USD 200,000 3.70 % Libor 3M
+ 0.25% 1,134.50 2010 2013 KRW 113,400 USD 100,000 3.92 % Libor 3M
+ 0.90% 1,134.00 2010 2013 KRW 56,525 USD 50,000 3.92 % Libor 3M
+ 0.90% 1,130.50 2010 2013 KRW 56,750 USD 50,000 3.92 % Libor 3M
+ 0.90% 1,135.00 2010 2015 KRW 116,080 USD 100,000 3.97 % 3.13% 1,160.80 2010 2015 KRW 116,080 USD 100,000 3.98 % 3.13% 1,160.80 2010 2015 KRW 116,080 USD 100,000 3.97 % 3.13% 1,160.80 2010 2015 KRW 116,080 USD 100,000 3.23 % 3.13% 1,160.80 2010 2015 KRW 116,080 USD 100,000 3.23 % 3.13% 1,160.80 2012 2022 KRW 112,930 USD 100,000 2.79 % 3.00% 1,129.30 2012 2022 KRW 112,930 USD 100,000 2.79 % 3.00% 1,129.30 2012 2022 KRW 112,930 USD 100,000 2.79 % 3.00% 1,129.30 2012 2022 KRW 112,930 USD 100,000 2.79 % 3.00% 1,129.30 2012 2022 KRW 111,770 USD 100,000 2.89 % 3.00% 1,117.70 2012 2022 KRW 111,770 USD 100,000 2.87 % 3.00% 1,117.70 2012 2022 KRW 111,770 USD 100,000 2.89 % 3.00% 1,117.70 2012 2022 KRW 55,885 USD 50,000 2.79 % 3.00% 1,117.70
(5) | Currency swap contracts which are designated as hedge instruments as of December 31, |
Counterparty | Contract year | Contract amounts | Contract interest rate | Contract exchange rate | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Pay | Receive | Pay | Receive | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Credit Suisse | 2009 | 2013 | KRW | 194,750 | USD | 150,000 | 4.75 | % | 5.00% | 1,298.33 | ||||||||||||||||
CITI | 2006 | 2016 | KRW | 113,200 | USD | 100,000 | 1.05 | % | 6.00% | 1,132.00 | ||||||||||||||||
Barclays | 2006 | 2016 | KRW | 113,200 | USD | 100,000 | 1.05 | % | 6.00% | 1,132.00 | ||||||||||||||||
Credit Suisse | 2006 | 2016 | KRW | 113,200 | USD | 100,000 | 1.05 | % | 6.00% | 1,132.00 | ||||||||||||||||
Goldman Sachs | 2011 | 2017 | KRW | 105,260 | USD | 100,000 | 3.99 | % | 3.63% | 1,052.60 | ||||||||||||||||
Barclays | 2011 | 2017 | KRW | 105,260 | USD | 100,000 | 3.99 | % | 3.63% | 1,052.60 | ||||||||||||||||
CITI | 2011 | 2017 | KRW | 105,260 | USD | 100,000 | 3.99 | % | 3.63% | 1,052.60 | ||||||||||||||||
HSBC | 2012 | 2014 | KRW | 45,264 | USD | 40,000 | 3.25 | % | Libor(3M) + 1.5% | 1,131.60 | ||||||||||||||||
CITI | 2012 | 2014 | KRW | 33,948 | USD | 30,000 | 3.25 | % | Libor(3M) + 1.5% | 1,131.60 |
Counterparty | Contract year | Contract amounts | Contract interest rate | Contract exchange rate | Contract year | Contract amount | Contract interest rate | Contract exchange rate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pay | Receive | Pay | Receive | Pay | Receive | Pay (%) | Receive (%) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Citibank | 2006~2016 | 113,200 | USD 100,000 | 1.05% | 6.00% | 1,132.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2006~2016 | 113,200 | USD 100,000 | 1.05% | 6.00% | 1,132.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Credit Suisse | 2006~2016 | 113,200 | USD 100,000 | 1.05% | 6.00% | 1,132.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Goldman Sachs | 2011~2017 | 105,260 | USD 100,000 | 3.99% | 3.63% | 1,052.60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2011~2017 | 105,260 | USD 100,000 | 3.99% | 3.63% | 1,052.60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Citibank | 2011~2017 | 105,260 | USD 100,000 | 3.99% | 3.63% | 1,052.60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
HSBC | 2012~2014 | 45,264 | USD 40,000 | 3.25% | 3M Libor+1.50% | 1,131.60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Citibank | 2012~2014 | 33,948 | USD 30,000 | 3.25% | 3M Libor+1.50% | 1,131.60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
RBS | 2012 | 2014 | KRW | 22,632 | USD | 20,000 | 3.25 | % | Libor(3M) + 1.5% | 1,131.60 | 2012~2014 | 22,632 | USD 20,000 | 3.25% | 3M Libor+1.50% | 1,131.60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
UOB | 2012 | 2014 | KRW | 33,948 | USD | 30,000 | 3.25 | % | Libor(3M) + 1.5% | 1,131.60 | 2012~2014 | 33,948 | USD 30,000 | 3.25% | 3M Libor+1.50% | 1,131.60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DBS | 2012 | 2014 | KRW | 56,580 | USD | 50,000 | 3.20 | % | Libor(3M) + 1.5% | 1,131.60 | 2012~2014 | 56,580 | USD 50,000 | 3.20% | 3M Libor+1.50% | 1,131.60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ANZ | 2012 | 2014 | KRW | 22,632 | USD | 20,000 | 3.20 | % | Libor(3M) + 1.5% | 1,131.60 | 2012~2014 | 22,632 | USD 20,000 | 3.20% | 3M Libor+1.50% | 1,131.60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CITI | 2012 | 2014 | KRW | 20,369 | USD | 18,000 | 3.20 | % | Libor(3M) + 1.5% | 1,131.60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Citibank | 2012~2014 | 20,369 | USD 18,000 | 3.20% | 3M Libor+1.50% | 1,131.60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Credit Suisse | 2012 | 2014 | KRW | 45,264 | USD | 40,000 | 2.77 | % | Libor(3M) + 1.5% | 1,131.60 | 2012~2014 | 45,264 | USD 40,000 | 2.77% | 3M Libor+1.50% | 1,131.60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
RBS | 2012 | 2014 | KRW | 58,843 | USD | 52,000 | 2.77 | % | Libor(3M) + 1.5% | 1,131.60 | 2012~2014 | 58,843 | USD 52,000 | 2.77% | 3M Libor+1.50% | 1,131.60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Citibank | 2013~2018 | 54,570 | USD 50,000 | 2.90% | 3M Libor+1.01% | 1,091.40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Standard Chartered | 2013~2018 | 54,570 | USD 50,000 | 2.90% | 3M Libor+1.01% | 1,091.40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Credit Suisse | 2013~2018 | 111,410 | USD 100,000 | 3.22% | 3M Libor+1.50% | 1,114.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
UBS AG | 2006 | 2016 | KRW | 98,100 | USD | 100,000 | 5.48 | % | 5.50% | 981.00 | 2006~2016 | 98,100 | USD 100,000 | 5.48% | 5.50% | 981 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Credit Suisse | 2006 | 2016 | KRW | 98,100 | USD | 100,000 | 5.48 | % | 5.50% | 981.00 | 2006~2016 | 98,100 | USD 100,000 | 5.48% | 5.50% | 981 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CITI | 2008 | 2013 | KRW | 113,304 | USD | 120,000 | 4.96 | % | 5.38% | 944.20 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Goldman Sachs | 2008 | 2013 | KRW | 113,304 | USD | 120,000 | 4.96 | % | 5.38% | 944.20 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Barclays | 2008 | 2013 | KRW | 56,652 | USD | 60,000 | 4.96 | % | 5.38% | 944.20 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Barclays | 2006 | 2016 | KRW | 71,888 | USD | 75,000 | 4.81 | % | 5.50% | 958.51 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deutsche Bank | 2006 | 2016 | KRW | 71,888 | USD | 75,000 | 4.81 | % | 5.50% | 958.51 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2006~2016 | 71,888 | USD 75,000 | 4.81% | 5.50% | 958.51 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deutsche Bank AG | 2006~2016 | 71,888 | USD 75,000 | 4.81% | 5.50% | 958.51 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2012~2017 | 142,500 | USD 125,000 | 3.83% | 3.13% | 1,140.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Morgan Stanley | 2012~2017 | 142,500 | USD 125,000 | 3.83% | 3.13% | 1,140.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
RBS | 2012 | 2017 | KRW | 142,500 | USD | 125,000 | 3.83 | % | 3.13% | 1,140.00 | 2012~2017 | 142,500 | USD 125,000 | 3.83% | 3.13% | 1,140.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Barclays | 2012 | 2017 | KRW | 142,500 | USD | 125,000 | 3.83 | % | 3.13% | 1,140.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
JP Morgan | 2012 | 2017 | KRW | 142,500 | USD | 125,000 | 3.83 | % | 3.13% | 1,140.00 | 2012~2017 | 142,500 | USD 125,000 | 3.83% | 3.13% | 1,140.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Morgan Stanley | 2012 | 2017 | KRW | 142,500 | USD | 125,000 | 3.83 | % | 3.13% | 1,140.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Barclays | 2004 | 2014 | KRW | 172,875 | USD | 150,000 | 5.10 | % | 5.75% | 1,152.50 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
RBS | 2013~2019 | 118,343 | CHF 100,000 | 3.47% | 1.63% | 1,183.43 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2013~2019 | 59,172 | CHF 50,000 | 3.47% | 1.63% | 1,183.43 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nomura | 2013~2019 | 59,172 | CHF 50,000 | 3.47% | 1.63% | 1,183.43 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2013~2018 | 107,360 | USD 100,000 | 3.34% | 2.88% | 1,073.60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
RBS | 2013~2018 | 107,360 | USD 100,000 | 3.34% | 2.88% | 1,073.60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
JP Morgan | 2013~2018 | 161,040 | USD 150,000 | 3.34% | 2.88% | 1,073.60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Standard Chartered | 2013~2018 | 161,040 | USD 150,000 | 3.34% | 2.88% | 1,073.60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2004~2014 | 172,875 | USD 150,000 | 5.10% | 5.75% | 1,152.50 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2013~2018 | 81,188 | USD 75,000 | 2.65% | 1.88% | 1,082.50 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
RBS | 2008 | 2013 | KRW | 149,040 | USD | 150,000 | 5.03 | % | 5.38% | 993.60 | 2013~2018 | 81,188 | USD 75,000 | 2.65% | 1.88% | 1,082.50 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deutsche Bank | 2008 | 2013 | KRW | 149,040 | USD | 150,000 | 5.03 | % | 5.38% | 993.60 | 2013~2018 | 81,188 | USD 75,000 | 2.65% | 1.88% | 1,082.50 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BTMU | 2010 | 2013 | KRW | 113,200 | USD | 100,000 | 4.11 | % | USD Libor + 0.8% | 1,132.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Citibank | 2013~2018 | 81,188 | USD 75,000 | 2.65% | 1.88% | 1,082.50 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BTMU | 2010 | 2015 | KRW | 55,900 | USD | 50,000 | 4.03 | % | 3M Libor + 1.20% | 1,118.00 | 2010~2015 | 55,900 | USD 50,000 | 4.03% | 3M Libor+1.20% | 1,118.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
RBS | 2012 | 2017 | KRW | 115,140 | USD | 100,000 | 3.38 | % | 2.50% | 1,151.40 | 2012~2017 | 115,140 | USD 100,000 | 3.38% | 2.50% | 1,151.40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BNP Paribas | 2012 | 2017 | KRW | 115,140 | USD | 100,000 | 3.38 | % | 2.50% | 1,151.40 | 2012~2017 | 115,140 | USD 100,000 | 3.38% | 2.50% | 1,151.40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hana Bank | 2012 | 2017 | KRW | 115,140 | USD | 100,000 | 3.38 | % | 2.50% | 1,151.40 | 2012~2017 | 115,140 | USD 100,000 | 3.38% | 2.50% | 1,151.40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Barclays | 2012 | 2017 | KRW | 57,570 | USD | 50,000 | 3.38 | % | 2.50% | 1,151.40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SC | 2012 | 2017 | KRW | 57,570 | USD | 50,000 | 3.38 | % | 2.50% | 1,151.40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nomura Securities | 2012 | 2017 | KRW | 57,570 | USD | 50,000 | 3.38 | % | 2.50% | 1,151.40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2012~2017 | 57,570 | USD 50,000 | 3.38% | 2.50% | 1,151.40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Standard Chartered | 2012~2017 | 57,570 | USD 50,000 | 3.38% | 2.50% | 1,151.40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nomura | 2012~2017 | 57,570 | USD 50,000 | 3.38% | 2.50% | 1,151.40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Credit Agricole | 2012 | 2017 | KRW | 57,570 | USD | 50,000 | 3.38 | % | 2.50% | 1,151.40 | 2012~2017 | 57,570 | USD 50,000 | 3.38% | 2.50% | 1,151.40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Societe Generale | 2013~2018 | 106,190 | USD 100,000 | 3.48% | 2.63% | 1,061.90 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BNP Paribas | 2013~2018 | 53,095 | USD 50,000 | 3.48% | 2.63% | 1,061.90 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hana Bank | 2013~2018 | 53,095 | USD 50,000 | 3.48% | 2.63% | 1,061.90 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Standard Chartered | 2013~2018 | 106,030 | USD 100,000 | 3.48% | 2.63% | 1,060.30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC | 2013~2018 | 53,015 | USD 50,000 | 3.48% | 2.63% | 1,060.30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hana Bank | 2013~2018 | 31,809 | USD 30,000 | 3.48% | 2.63% | 1,060.30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Societe Generale | 2013~2018 | 21,206 | USD 20,000 | 3.48% | 2.63% | 1,060.30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
HSBC | 2013~2018 | 53,015 | USD 50,000 | 3.47% | 2.63% | 1,060.30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nomura | 2013~2018 | 53,015 | USD 50,000 | 3.47% | 2.63% | 1,060.30 |
(6) | Interest rate swap contracts which are not designated as hedge instruments as of December 31, |
Counterparty | Contract year | Contract interest rate per annum | Contract year | Contract amount | Contract interest rate per annum | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contract amounts | Pay | Receive | Pay (%) | Receive (%) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2010 | 2013 | 100,000 | 4.18 | % | 3M CD + 0.58 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nonghyup Bank | 2010 | 2015 | 100,000 | 4.90 | % | 3M CD + 1.05 | % | 2010~2015 | 100,000 | 4.90 | % | 3M CD + 1.05 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Nonghyup Bank | 2010 | 2015 | 100,000 | 4.83 | % | 3M CD + 0.90 | % | 2010~2015 | 100,000 | 4.83 | % | 3M CD + 0.90 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Nonghyup Bank | 2010 | 2015 | 50,000 | 4.77 | % | 3M CD + 0.90 | % | 2010~2015 | 50,000 | 4.77 | % | 3M CD + 0.90 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Development Bank | 2012 | 2016 | 200,000 | 3.57 | % | 3M CD + 0.26 | % | 2012~2016 | 200,000 | 3.57 | % | 3M CD + 0.26 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Nonghyup Bank | 2012 | 2016 | 100,000 | 3.49 | % | 3M CD + 0.25 | % | 2012~2016 | 100,000 | 3.49 | % | 3M CD + 0.25 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Development Bank | 2012 | 2016 | 50,000 | 3.49 | % | 3M CD + 0.25 | % | 2012~2016 | 50,000 | 3.49 | % | 3M CD + 0.25 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
HSBC | 2012 | 2016 | 50,000 | 3.49 | % | 3M CD + 0.25 | % | 2012~2016 | 50,000 | 3.49 | % | 3M CD + 0.25 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
SC | 2012 | 2016 | 200,000 | 3.55 | % | 3M CD + 0.26 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SC | 2012 | 2017 | 160,000 | 3.57 | % | 3M CD + 0.32 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2011 | 2014 | 100,000 | 4.08 | % | 3M CD + 0.03 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Standard Chartered | 2012~2016 | 200,000 | 3.55 | % | 3M CD + 0.26 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Standard Chartered | 2012~2017 | 160,000 | 3.57 | % | 3M CD + 0.32 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
JP Morgan | 2013~2018 | 150,000 | 3.58 | % | 3M CD + 0.31 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2011 | 2014 | 100,000 | 3.89 | % | 3M CD + 0.05 | % | 2011~2014 | 100,000 | 4.08 | % | 3M CD + 0.03 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2011 | 2013 | 100,000 | 3.89 | % | 3M CD + 0.07 | % | 2011~2014 | 100,000 | 3.89 | % | 3M CD + 0.05 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Shinhan Bank | 2011 | 2014 | 100,000 | 3.63 | % | 3M CD + 0.18 | % | 2011~2014 | 100,000 | 3.63 | % | 3M CD + 0.18 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2011 | 2013 | 100,000 | 3.85 | % | 3M CD + 0.43 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Woori Bank | 2011 | 2013 | 150,000 | 3.92 | % | 3M CD + 0.43 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kookmin Bank | 2011 | 2013 | 100,000 | 3.84 | % | 3M CD + 0.44 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hana Bank | 2011 | 2013 | 50,000 | 3.67 | % | 3M CD + 0.25 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2011 | 2014 | 200,000 | 3.66 | % | 3M CD + 0.24 | % | 2011~2014 | 200,000 | 3.66 | % | 3M CD + 0.24 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2011 | 2013 | 100,000 | 3.53 | % | 3M CD + 0.14 | % | 2012~2015 | 100,000 | 3.58 | % | 3M CD + 0.15 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2011 | 2013 | 100,000 | 3.56 | % | 3M CD + 0.19 | % | 2012~2015 | 200,000 | 3.65 | % | 3M CD + 0.10 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2012 | 2015 | 100,000 | 3.58 | % | 3M CD + 0.15 | % | 2012~2015 | 100,000 | 2.86 | % | 3M CD + 0.05 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2012 | 2015 | 200,000 | 3.65 | % | 3M CD + 0.10 | % | 2013~2016 | 100,000 | 2.82 | % | 3M CD + 0.04 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2012 | 2015 | 100,000 | 2.86 | % | 3M CD + 0.05 | % | 2013~2016 | 200,000 | 2.57 | % | 3M CD + 0.04 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Woori Bank | 2012 | 2013 | 200,000 | 3.88 | % | 3M CD + 0.54 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | 2010 | 2013 | 100,000 | 4.11 | % | 3M CD + 0.25 | % | 2013~2016 | 100,000 | 2.75 | % | 3M CD + 0.03 | % |
(7) | Interest rate swap contracts which are designated as hedge instruments, as of December 31, |
Counterparty | Contract year | Contract interest rate per annum | ||||||||||||||
Contract amounts | Pay | Receive | ||||||||||||||
BNP Paribas | 2009 | 2027 | JOD | 112,421 | 4.16% | USD Libor 6 M | ||||||||||
KFW | 2009 | 2027 | JOD | 112,421 | 4.16% | USD Libor 6 M | ||||||||||
Credit Agricole | 2012 | 2033 | USD | 126,712 | 1.33% ~ 4.10% | 1 ~ 6M USD Libor | ||||||||||
SMBC | 2012 | 2033 | USD | 134,212 | 1.33% ~ 4.18% | 1 ~ 6M USD Libor |
Counterparty | Contract date | Maturity date | Contract amounts | Contract exchange rate | ||||||||||||||||
Pay | Receive | |||||||||||||||||||
RBS | 2012.12.28 | 2013.01.02 | KRW 15,143 | USD 13,754 | 1,101.00 | |||||||||||||||
RBS | 2012.12.28 | 2013.01.02 | KRW 12,494 | USD 11,348 | 1,101.00 | |||||||||||||||
RBS | 2012.10.12 | 2013.01.10 | KRW 12,319 | USD 11,204 | 1,099.50 | |||||||||||||||
RBS | 2012.10.18 | 2013.01.16 | KRW 9,578 | USD 8,730 | 1,097.10 | |||||||||||||||
RBS | 2012.10.18 | 2013.01.16 | KRW 14,855 | USD 13,540 | 1,097.10 | |||||||||||||||
RBS | 2012.12.12 | 2013.03.12 | KRW 11,840 | USD 11,066 | 1,069.90 | |||||||||||||||
RBS | 2012.12.13 | 2013.03.13 | KRW 3,982 | USD 3,727 | 1,068.50 | |||||||||||||||
RBS | 2012.12.17 | 2013.03.14 | KRW 11,731 | USD 10,973 | 1,069.00 | |||||||||||||||
RBS | 2012.12.17 | 2013.03.14 | KRW 4,574 | USD 4,279 | 1,069.00 | |||||||||||||||
RBS | 2012.12.18 | 2013.03.14 | KRW 7,549 | USD 7,062 | 1,069.00 | |||||||||||||||
RBS | 2012.12.18 | 2013.03.14 | KRW 13,964 | USD 13,063 | 1,069.00 | |||||||||||||||
RBS | 2012.12.26 | 2013.01.28 | KRW 5,377 | USD 5,000 | 1,075.30 | |||||||||||||||
CS | 2012.12.28 | 2013.01.03 | KRW 5,900 | USD 5,366 | 1,099.50 | |||||||||||||||
CS | 2012.10.12 | 2013.01.08 | KRW 11,654 | USD 10,599 | 1,099.50 | |||||||||||||||
KEB | 2012.10.26 | 2013.01.22 | KRW 14,801 | USD 13,600 | 1,088.30 | |||||||||||||||
KEB | 2012.12.14 | 2013.03.12 | KRW 20,055 | USD 18,761 | 1,069.00 | |||||||||||||||
KEB | 2012.12.26 | 2013.01.28 | KRW 1,191 | USD 1,107 | 1,076.20 | |||||||||||||||
Barclays | 2012.12.28 | 2013.02.04 | KRW 5,367 | USD 5,000 | 1,073.35 | |||||||||||||||
Barclays | 2012.10.11 | 2013.04.11 | KRW 164,475 | USD 150,000 | 1,096.50 | |||||||||||||||
CITI | 2012.12.18 | 2013.01.22 | KRW 1,974 | USD 1,839 | 1,073.25 | |||||||||||||||
Barclays | 2012.12.20 | 2013.01.24 | KRW 489 | USD 454 | 1,076.90 | |||||||||||||||
Credit Suisse | 2012.12.20 | 2013.01.28 | KRW 5,381 | USD 5,000 | 1,076.15 | |||||||||||||||
RBS | 2012.12.26 | 2013.01.28 | KRW 5,376 | USD 5,000 | 1,075.10 | |||||||||||||||
Credit Agricole | 2012.12.27 | 2013.01.31 | KRW 10,744 | USD 10,000 | 1,074.35 | |||||||||||||||
RBS | 2012.12.27 | 2013.01.31 | KRW 5,369 | USD 5,000 | 1,073.80 | |||||||||||||||
Barclays | 2012.12.28 | 2013.01.31 | KRW 5,366 | USD 5,000 | 1,073.10 | |||||||||||||||
RBS | 2012.12.28 | 2013.01.31 | KRW 5,363 | USD 5,000 | 1,072.60 | |||||||||||||||
SC | 2011.08.08 | 2013~2015 | USD 32,088 | KRW 35,303 |
| 1,093.10 ~1,103.20 |
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Counterparty | Contract date | Maturity date | Contract amounts | Contract exchange rate | ||||||||||||||||
Pay | Receive | |||||||||||||||||||
RBS | 2012.11.07 | 2013.02.28 | KRW | 13,687 | JPY | 1,000,000 | 1,368.70 | |||||||||||||
RBS | 2012.11.15 | 2013.02.28 | KRW | 13,528 | JPY | 1,000,000 | 1,352.80 | |||||||||||||
KEB | 2012.10.16 | 2013.02.28 | KRW | 14,186 | JPY | 1,000,000 | 1,418.59 | |||||||||||||
KEB | 2012.12.24 | 2013.02.28 | KRW | 8,955 | JPY | 700,000 | 1,279.34 |
Counterparty | Contract year | Contract amount | Contract interest rate per annum | |||||||||||
Pay (%) | Receive (%) | |||||||||||||
In thousands of U.S. dollars | ||||||||||||||
BNP Paribas | 2009~2027 | USD 108,633 | 4.16% | 6M USD Libor | ||||||||||
KFW | 2009~2027 | USD 108,633 | 4.16% | 6M USD Libor | ||||||||||
CA-CIB (Credit Agricole) | 2012~2033 | USD 106,684 | 3.98%~4.10% | 6M USD Libor | ||||||||||
SMBC | 2012~2033 | USD 139,510 | 4.05%~4.18% | 6M USD Libor |
Counterparty | Contract date | Maturity date | Contract exercise price | Contract amounts | ||||||||||||||||
Barclays | 2012.07.02 | 2013.07.02 | 1,116.00 | USD 5,000 | (*1) |
FX target redemption forward is an option that consists of a series of forward contracts. Each forward settlement depends on the exchange rate of two currencies. Also, if the accumulated settlement reaches a pre-defined cap (target), the contract is terminated immediately.
Net income effects of valuation gain (loss) | Net income effects of trading gain (loss) | Accumulated other comprehensive income(*1) | Net income effects of valuation loss | Net income effects of transaction gain (loss) | Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (*) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Currency option | ₩ | (9,492 | ) | (41,181 | ) | — | 13,765 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Currency forward | ₩ | (3,789 | ) | ₩ | 3,910 | ₩ | (964 | ) | ₩ | (3,329 | ) | ₩ | (4,004 | ) | ₩ | — | (3,789 | ) | (1,420 | ) | (964 | ) | (3,952 | ) | (4,004 | ) | 4,004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Currency swap | (539,883 | ) | 148,299 | (19,734 | ) | (47,799 | ) | 7,883 | (2,863 | ) | (539,883 | ) | (217,361 | ) | (19,734 | ) | 48,685 | 7,883 | (19,086 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest swap | (21,384 | ) | (23,426 | ) | (11,000 | ) | 1,209 | (65,884 | ) | (34,526 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swap | (21,384 | ) | 13,112 | (11,000 | ) | (5,806 | ) | (65,884 | ) | 37,998 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other derivatives | (9,492 | ) | (3,767 | ) | 8,618 | 210 | — | — | — | — | 8,618 | (39,326 | ) | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | (574,548 | ) | ₩ | 125,016 | ₩ | (23,080 | ) | ₩ | (49,709 | ) | ₩ | (62,005 | ) | ₩ | (37,389 | ) | ₩ | (574,548 | ) | (246,850 | ) | (23,080 | ) | 13,366 | (62,005 | ) | 22,916 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(*) |
12. | Other Financial Assets |
(1) | Other financial assets as of December 31, |
Other financial assets as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 are as follows (KRW in millions):
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | Current | Non-current | Current | Non-current | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current | Non-Current | Current | Non-Current | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans and receivables | ₩ | 72,888 | ₩ | 668,733 | ₩ | 216,635 | ₩ | 651,037 | ₩ | 72,888 | 668,733 | 51,503 | 616,389 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Present value discount | (1,224 | ) | (67,009 | ) | (995 | ) | (73,652 | ) | (1,224 | ) | (67,009 | ) | (1,094 | ) | (58,559 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term/short-term financial instruments | 468,351 | 1,042 | 531,388 | 334 | 468,351 | 1,042 | 384,199 | 1,183 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 540,015 | ₩ | 602,766 | ₩ | 747,028 | ₩ | 577,719 | ₩ | 540,015 | 602,766 | 434,608 | 559,013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2012 | ||||||||||||||||
Face value | Present value discount | Book value | ||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||
Short-term loans and receivables | ||||||||||||||||
Loans for tuition | ₩ | 29,432 | (1,224 | ) | 28,208 | |||||||||||
Loans for housing | 13,272 | — | 13,272 | |||||||||||||
Loans for related parties | 676 | — | 676 | |||||||||||||
Fisheries loan | 7,720 | — | 7,720 | |||||||||||||
Other loans | 21,788 | — | 21,788 | |||||||||||||
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72,888 | (1,224 | ) | 71,664 | |||||||||||||
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Long-term loans and receivables | ||||||||||||||||
Loans for tuition | 340,122 | (64,435 | ) | 275,687 | ||||||||||||
Loans for housing | 123,088 | — | 123,088 | |||||||||||||
Loans for related parties | 185,532 | — | 185,532 | |||||||||||||
Fisheries loan | 19,760 | (2,574 | ) | 17,186 | ||||||||||||
Other loans | 231 | — | 231 | |||||||||||||
668,733 | (67,009 | ) | 601,724 | |||||||||||||
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₩ | 741,621 | (68,233 | ) | 673,388 | ||||||||||||
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2013 | ||||||||||||||||
Face value | Present value discount | Book value | ||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||
Short-term loans and receivables | ||||||||||||||||
Loans for tuition | ₩ | 25,296 | (1,094 | ) | 24,202 | |||||||||||
Loans for housing | 12,505 | — | 12,505 | |||||||||||||
Loans for related parties | 890 | — | 890 | |||||||||||||
Fisheries loan | 6,000 | — | 6,000 | |||||||||||||
Other loans | 6,812 | — | 6,812 | |||||||||||||
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51,503 | (1,094 | ) | 50,409 | |||||||||||||
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Long-term loans and receivables | ||||||||||||||||
Loans for tuition | 352,554 | (56,956 | ) | 295,598 | ||||||||||||
Loans for housing | 108,564 | — | 108,564 | |||||||||||||
Loans for related parties | 141,191 | — | 141,191 | |||||||||||||
Fisheries loan | 13,760 | (1,603 | ) | 12,157 | ||||||||||||
Other loans | 320 | — | 320 | |||||||||||||
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616,389 | (58,559 | ) | 557,830 | |||||||||||||
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₩ | 667,892 | (59,653 | ) | 608,239 | ||||||||||||
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(3) | Long-term and short-term financial instruments as of December 31, 2012 and 2013 are as follows: |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
Current | Non-current | Current | Non-current | |||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
Time deposits | ₩ | 398,351 | 654 | 256,173 | 453 | |||||||||||||||
Installment deposits | — | 78 | — | 93 | ||||||||||||||||
Deposit for treasury stock in trust | 25,000 | — | 64,940 | — | ||||||||||||||||
Special money in trust | — | — | 30,086 | — | ||||||||||||||||
Repurchase agreement | — | — | 18,000 | — | ||||||||||||||||
CD | 40,000 | — | 10,000 | — | ||||||||||||||||
MMT | 5,000 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Others | — | 310 | 5,000 | 637 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
₩ | 468,351 | 1,042 | 384,199 | 1,183 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13. | Inventories |
Inventories as of December 31, 2012 and 20112013 are as follows (KRW in millions):follows:
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2012 | Acquisition cost | Valuation allowance | Book value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition cost | Valuation allowance | Book value | In millions of won | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Raw materials | ₩ | 2,285,822 | ₩ | (65 | ) | ₩ | 2,285,757 | ₩ | 2,285,822 | (65 | ) | 2,285,757 | ||||||||||||||||
Merchandises | 379 | — | 379 | 379 | — | 379 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Work-in-progress | 68,127 | — | 68,127 | 68,127 | — | 68,127 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Finished goods | 53,640 | — | 53,640 | 53,640 | — | 53,640 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Supplies | 523,397 | (4,496 | ) | 518,901 | 523,397 | (4,496 | ) | 518,901 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Inventories in transit | 506,547 | — | 506,547 | 506,547 | — | 506,547 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Other inventories | 6,990 | — | 6,990 | 6,990 | — | 6,990 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 3,444,902 | ₩ | (4,561 | ) | ₩ | 3,440,341 | ₩ | 3,444,902 | (4,561 | ) | 3,440,341 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2011 | Acquisition cost | Valuation allowance | Book value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition cost | Valuation allowance | Book value | In millions of won | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Raw materials | ₩ | 2,590,921 | ₩ | (65 | ) | ₩ | 2,590,856 | ₩ | 2,904,722 | (46 | ) | 2,904,676 | ||||||||||||||||
Merchandises | 407 | — | 407 | 373 | — | 373 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Work-in-progress | 55,880 | — | 55,880 | 89,883 | — | 89,883 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Finished goods | 43,859 | (4,256 | ) | 39,603 | 55,056 | — | 55,056 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Supplies | 491,980 | (5,808 | ) | 486,172 | 683,699 | (4,089 | ) | 679,610 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Inventories in transit | 675,262 | — | 675,262 | 541,154 | — | 541,154 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Other inventories | 3,571 | — | 3,571 | 8,841 | — | 8,841 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 3,861,880 | ₩ | (10,129 | ) | ₩ | 3,851,751 | ₩ | 4,283,728 | (4,135 | ) | 4,279,593 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
The reversalvaluation allowances were ₩3,599 million and ₩10,129 million as of December 31, 2010 and 2011, respectively. In addition, the reversals of the allowance for loss on inventory valuation allowances isdue from increases in the net realizable value of inventory and fluctuations in foreign exchange rates deducted from the cost of sales by the amount of KRW 5,568were ₩211 million, KRW 211 million₩5,568 and KRW 2,146₩687 million, for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 2011 and 2010, respectively, due to the increase2013, respectively. The amounts of net realizable valueloss from inventory valuation included in cost of inventory and foreign exchange fluctuation.
The total write - downs of inventoriessales for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 2011 and 2010 are KRW 6,9202013 were ₩6,747 million, KRW 6,747₩6,920 million and KRW 5,487₩261 million, respectively.
14. |
(1) | Finance lease |
The Company providesentered into a power purchase agreement (“PPA”) with Jordan Electric Power Company to provide a 373MW level Qatrana gas combined power plant over a 25 year lease term, and accounts for the PPA as a finance lease. Also, the Company has fly-ash pipe conduit finance leases with an average lease term of 7 years. In addition the Company entered into a PPA with the Comisión Federal de Electricidad in Mexico to Jordan Electric Power Company under power purchase agreements (“PPA”)provide for 25 years which is accounted for as a finance lease.of all electricity generated from the power plant after completion of its construction and collect rates consisting of fixed costs (to recover the capital) and variable costs during the contracted period.
(2) | Finance lease receivables as of December 31, 2012 and 2013 are as follows |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | Minimum lease payments | Present value of minimum lease payments | Minimum lease payments | Present value of minimum lease payments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Minimum lease payment | Present value of minimum lease payment | Minimum lease payment | Present value of minimum lease payment | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less than 1 year | ₩ | 46,758 | ₩ | 4,134 | ₩ | 37,885 | ₩ | 9,279 | ₩ | 46,758 | 4,134 | 81,484 | 4,569 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
1 ~ 5 years | 192,651 | 27,422 | 139,810 | 31,324 | 192,651 | 27,422 | 356,874 | 36,710 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
More than 5 years | 783,314 | 361,904 | 612,978 | 334,939 | 783,314 | 361,904 | 1,782,639 | 809,002 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 1,022,723 | ₩ | 393,460 | ₩ | 790,673 | ₩ | 375,542 | ₩ | 1,022,723 | 393,460 | 2,220,997 | 850,281 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3) | There are no impaired finance lease receivables as of December 31, |
15. | Non-Financial Assets |
Non-financial assets as of December 31, 2012 and 20112013 are as follows (KRW in millions):follows:
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | |||||||||||||||
Current | Non-Current | Current | Non-Current | |||||||||||||
Advanced payment | ₩ | 146,042 | ₩ | 4,607 | ₩ | 103,424 | ₩ | 30,239 | ||||||||
Prepaid expense | 230,260 | 100,804 | 229,593 | 82,523 | ||||||||||||
Others(*1) | 287,745 | 35,027 | 114,376 | 495,398 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
₩ | 664,047 | ₩ | 140,438 | ₩ | 447,393 | ₩ | 608,160 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
Current | Non-current | Current | Non-current | |||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
Advance payment | ₩ | 146,042 | 4,607 | 110,541 | 12,760 | |||||||||||||||
Prepaid expenses | 230,260 | 100,804 | �� | 150,852 | 102,823 | |||||||||||||||
Others(*) | 287,745 | 35,027 | 309,452 | 15,928 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
₩ | 664,047 | 140,438 | 570,845 | 131,511 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(* |
|
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
Current | Non-current | Current | Non-current | |||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
Tax refund receivables | ₩ | 177,930 | 1,797 | 228,857 | 1,349 | |||||||||||||||
Other quick assets and others | 109,815 | 33,230 | 80,595 | 14,579 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
₩ | 287,745 | 35,027 | 309,452 | 15,928 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16. | Investments in Subsidiaries |
Consolidated subsidiaries(*1) | Key Operation Activities | Location | Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Percentage of ownership (%) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subsidiaries | Key operation activities | Location | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | Power generation | KOREA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | Power generation | KOREA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | Power generation | KOREA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | Power generation | KOREA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | Power generation | KOREA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | Power generation | KOREA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||
KEPCO Engineering & Construction Company, Inc. |
Architectural |
KOREA |
|
74.86 |
% |
|
74.86 |
% | ||||||||||||||||
Korea Plant Service & Engineering Co., Ltd. | Utility plant maintenance | KOREA | 70.00 | % | 75.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Korea Nuclear Fuel Co., Ltd. | Nuclear fuel | KOREA | 96.36 | % | 96.36 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Korea Electric Power Data Network Co., Ltd. | Information services | KOREA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Garorim Tidal Power Plant Co.,Ltd.(*2) | Power generation | KOREA | 49.00 | % | 49.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Korea Power Engineering & Power Services Co., Ltd. |
Operation and |
KOREA |
|
52.43 |
% |
|
54.00 |
% | ||||||||||||||||
Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd.(*2) | Power generation | KOREA | 49.00 | % | 49.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO International HongKong Ltd. | Holding Company | HONG KONG | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Engineering & Construction Company, Inc.(*1) | Architectural engineering for utility plant and others | KOREA |
| 74.86 | % |
| 70.86 | % | ||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Plant Service & Engineering Co., Ltd.(*1) | Utility plant maintenance and Others | KOREA |
| 70.00 | % |
| 63.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Nuclear Fuel Co., Ltd. | Nuclear fuel | KOREA | 96.36 | % | 96.36 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO KDN Co., Ltd. | Electric Power information technology and others | KOREA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Garorim Tidal Power Plant Co., Ltd.(*2) | Power generation | KOREA | 49.00 | % | 49.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Korea Engineering & Power Services Co., Ltd. | Operation and maintenance of utility plant | KOREA |
| 52.43 | % |
| 52.43 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd.(*3) | Power generation | KOREA | 49.00 | % | — | |||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO International Hong Kong Ltd. | Holding company | HONG KONG | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO International Philippines Inc. | Holding Company | PHILIPPINES | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | Holding company | PHILIPPINES | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||
KEPCO Gansu International Ltd. | Holding Company | HONG KONG | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | Holding company | HONG KONG | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||
KEPCO Philippines Holdings Inc. | Holding Company | PHILIPPINES | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | Holding company | PHILIPPINES | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||
KEPCO Philippines Corporation | Construction and operation of utility plant | PHILIPPINES | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Ilijan Corporation | Utility plant rehabilitation and operation | PHILIPPINES | 51.00 | % | 51.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Lebanon SARL | Operation of utility plant | LEBANON | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Neimenggu International Ltd. | Holding company | HONG KONG | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Shanxi International Ltd. | Holding company | HONG KONG | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KOMIPO Global Pte Ltd. | Holding company | SINGAPORE | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Canada Energy Ltd. | Resources development | CANADA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Netherlands B.V. | Holding company | NETHERLANDS | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KOREA Imouraren Uranium Investment Corp.. | Uranium mine development | FRANCE | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Australia Pty., Ltd. | Resources development | AUSTRALIA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KOSEP Australia Pty., Ltd. | Resources development | AUSTRALIA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KOMIPO Australia Pty., Ltd. | Resources development | AUSTRALIA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KOWEPO Australia Pty., Ltd. | Resources development | AUSTRALIA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KOSPO Australia Pty., Ltd. | Resources development | AUSTRALIA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Middle East Holding Company | Holding company | BAHRAIN | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Qatrana Electric Power Company | Construction and operation of utility plant | JORDAN | 80.00 | % | 80.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KHNP Canada Energy Ltd. | Resources development | CANADA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Bylong Australia Pty., Ltd. | Resources development | AUSTRALIA | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Korea Waterbury Uranium Limited Partnership | Resources development | CANADA |
| 79.64 | % |
| 79.64 | % | ||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Canada Uranium Investment Limited Partnership | Resources development | CANADA |
| 100.00 | % |
| 100.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Sylardus Holding B.V.(*4) | Holding company | NETHERLANDS | 100.00 | % | — |
Consolidated subsidiaries(*1) KEPCO Philippines Corporation KEPCO Iliyan Corporation KEPCO Lebanon SARL KEPCO Neimenggu International Ltd. KEPCO Shanxi International Ltd. KOMIPO Global Pte Ltd. KEPCO Canada Energy Ltd. KEPCO Netherlands B.V. KOREA Imouraren Uranium Investment Ltd. Uranium mine FRANCE 100.00 % 100.00 % KEPCO Australia Pty., Ltd. KOSEP Australia Pty., Ltd. KOMIPO Australia Pty., Ltd. KOWEPO Australia Pty., Ltd. KOSPO Australia Pty., Ltd. KEPCO Middle East Holding Company Qatrana Electric Power Company KHNP Canada Energy Inc. KEPCO Bylong Australia Pty., Ltd. Korea Waterbury Uranium Limited Partnership KEPCO Canada Uranium Investment Limited Partnership Sylardus Holding B.V. Akkuyu Finance B.V. Akkuyu Fuel B.V. Akkuyu Operations B.V. Korea Electric Power Nigeria Ltd. KEPCO Holdings de Mexico KST Electric Power Company KEPCO Energy Service Company KEPCO Netherlands S3 B.V. Subsidiaries Key operation activities Location Akkuyu Finance B.V.(*4) Akkuyu Fuel B.V.(*4) Akkuyu Operations B.V.(*4) Korea Electric Power Nigeria Ltd. KEPCO Holdings de Mexico KST Electric Power Company KEPCO Energy Service Company KEPCO Netherlands S3 B.V. PT. KOMIPO Pembangkitan Jawa Bali PT. Cirebon Power Service(*2) KOWEPO International Corporation KOSPO Jordan LLC EWP Philippines Corporation (Formerly, EWP Cebu Corporation) Operation of utility plant PHILIPPINES 100.00 % 100.00 % EWP Philippine Holdings Corporation EWP America Inc. EWP Renewable Co. DG Fairhaven Power, LLC DG Kings Plaza Holdings, LLC DG Kings Plaza, LLC DG Kings Plaza II, LLC DG Whitefield, LLC Springfield Power, LLC KNF Canada Energy Limited PT KEPCO Resource Indonesia EWP Barbados 1 SRL California Power Holdings, LLC Gyeonggi Green Energy Co., Ltd. PT. Tanggamus Electric Power Gyeongju Wind Power Co., Ltd. KOMIPO America Inc. Boulder Solar Power, LLC EWPRC Biomass Holdings, LLC KOSEP USA, INC. Nepal Water & Energy Development Company Pty Ltd. Construction and operation of utility plant PT. EWP Indonesia KOWEPO America LLC. KEPCO Netherlands J3 B.V. Korea Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. EWP Barbados 2 SRL Global One Pioneer B.V. Global Energy Pioneer B.V. KOSEP Wind Power, LLC. Mira Power Limited(*5) KOSEP Material Co., Ltd. Key Operation Activities Location Dec. 31, 2012 Dec. 31, 2011 Utility plant
rehabilitation and
operation PHILIPPINES 100.00 % 100.00 % Construction and
operation of utility
plant PHILIPPINES 51.00 % 51.00 % Operation of utility
plant LEBANON 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding Company HONG KONG 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding Company HONG KONG 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding Company SINGAPOLE 100.00 % 100.00 % Resources development CANADA 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding Company NETHERLANDS 100.00 % 100.00 %
development Resources development AUSTRALIA 100.00 % 100.00 % Resources development AUSTRALIA 100.00 % 100.00 % Resources development AUSTRALIA 100.00 % 100.00 % Resources development AUSTRALIA 100.00 % 100.00 % Resources development AUSTRALIA 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding Company BAHRAIN 100.00 % 100.00 % Construction and
operation of utility
plant JORDAN 80.00 % 80.00 % Resources development CANADA 100.00 % 100.00 % Resources development AUSTRALIA 100.00 % 100.00 % Resources development CANADA 79.64 % 79.64 % Resources development CANADA 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding Company NETHERLANDS 100.00 % 100.00 % Construction and
operation of utility
plant NETHERLANDS 100.00 % 100.00 % Construction and
operation of utility
plant NETHERLANDS 100.00 % 100.00 % Construction and
operation of utility
plant NETHERLANDS 100.00 % 100.00 % Operation of utility
plant NIGERIA 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding Company MEXICO 100.00 % 100.00 % Construction and
operation of utility
plant MEXICO 56.00 % 56.00 % Operation of utility
plant MEXICO 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding Company NETHERLANDS 100.00 % 100.00 % Percentage of ownership (%) 2012 2013 Construction and operation of utility plant NETHERLANDS 100.00 % — Construction and operation of utility plant NETHERLANDS 100.00 % — Construction and operation of utility plant NETHERLANDS 100.00 % — Operation of utility plant NIGERIA 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding company MEXICO 100.00 % 100.00 % Construction and operation of utility plant MEXICO 56.00 % 56.00 % Operation of utility plant MEXICO 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding company NETHERLANDS 100.00 % 100.00 % Operation of utility plant INDONESIA 51.00 % 51.00 % Operation of utility plant INDONESIA 27.50 % 27.50 % Operation of utility plant PHILIPPINES 99.99 % 99.99 % Operation of utility plant JORDAN 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding company PHILIPPINES 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Power generation USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Power generation USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Power generation USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Power generation USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Resources development CANADA 96.36 % 96.36 % Resources development INDONESIA 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding company BARBADOS 100.00 % 100.00 % Power generation USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Power generation KOREA 49.00 % 62.01 % Power generation INDONESIA 60.00 % 60.00 % Power generation KOREA 70.00 % 70.00 % Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Solar photovoltaic power generation USA 75.00 % 75.00 % Holding company USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Power generation USA 100.00 % 100.00 % NEPAL 50.00 % — Holding company INDONESIA 100.00 % 100.00 % Solar photovoltaic power generation USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding company NETHERLANDS 100.00 % 100.00 % Power generation KOREA 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding company BARBADOS 100.00 % — Holding company NETHERLANDS 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding company NETHERLANDS 100.00 % 100.00 % Power generation USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Power generation PAKISTAN 76.00 % 76.00 % Power generation KOREA — 77.04 %
Consolidated subsidiaries(*1) PT. KOMIPO Pembangkitan Jawa Bali PT. Cirebon Power Service(*2) KOWEPO International Corporation KOSPO Jordan LLC EWP Cebu Corporation EWP Philippine Holdings Corporation EWP America Inc. EWP Renewable Co. DG Fairhaven Power, LLC DG Kings Plaza Holdings, LLC DG Kings Plaza, LLC DG Kings Plaza II, LLC DG Whitefield, LLC Springfield Power, LLC KNF Canada Energy Limited PT KEPCO Resource Indonesia EWP Barbados 1 SRL California Power Holdings, LLC Gyeonggi Fuel Cell Power Plant Co., Ltd.(*2) PT. Tanggamus Electric Power Gyeongju Wind Power Co., Ltd. KOMIPO America Inc. Boulder Solar Power, LLC EWPRC Biomass Holdings, LLC KOSEP USA, INC. Nepal Water & Energy Development Company Pty Ltd.(*1,2) Construction and NEPAL 50.00 % — PT. EWP Indonesia KOWEPO America LLC. KEPCO Netherlands J3 B.V. Korea Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. EWP Barbados 2 SRL Global One Pioneer B.V. Global Energy Pioneer B.V. KOSEP Wind Power, LLC. Mira Power Limited Subsidiaries Key operation activities Location Commerce and Industry Energy Co., Ltd. KEPCO Singapore Holding Pte., Ltd. KOWEPO India Private Limited KEPCO KPS Philippines Corp. KOSPO Chile SpA Key Operation Activities Location Dec. 31, 2012 Dec. 31, 2011 Operation of utility
plant INDONESIA 51.00 % 51.00 % Operation of utility
plant INDONESIA 27.50 % 27.50 % Operation of utility
plant PHILIPPINES 99.99 % 99.99 % Operation of utility
plant JORDAN 100.00 % 100.00 % Operation of utility
plant PHILIPPINES 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding Company PHILIPPINES 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding Company USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding Company USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Power generation USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Power generation USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Power generation USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Power generation USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Power generation USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Power generation USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Resources development CANADA 96.36 % 96.36 % Resources development INDONESIA 100.00 % 100.00 % Holding Company BARBADOS 100.00 % 100.00 % Power generation USA 100.00 % 100.00 % Power generation KOREA 49.00 % 49.00 % Power generation INDONESIA 60.00 % 60.00 % Power generation KOREA 70.00 % 30.00 % Holding Company USA 100.00 % — Solar photovoltaic
power generation USA 75.00 % — Holding Company USA 100.00 % — Power generation USA 100.00 % —
operation of utility
plant Holding Company INDONESIA 100.00 % — Solar photovoltaic
power generation USA 100.00 % — Holding Company NETHERLANDS 100.00 % — Power generation KOREA 100.00 % — Holding Company BARBADOS 100.00 % — Holding Company NETHERLANDS 100.00 % — Holding Company NETHERLANDS 100.00 % — Power generation USA 100.00 % — Power generation PAKISTAN 76.00 % — Percentage of ownership (%) 2012 2013 Power generation KOREA 29.51 % 59.03 % Holding company SINGAPORE — 100.00 % Holding company INDIA — 100.00 % Utility plant maintenance and others PHILIPPINES — 100.00 % Holding company Chile — 100.00 %
(*1) | 4% of the shares of KEPCO Engineering & Construction Company, Inc. and 7% of the shares of KEPCO Plant Service & Engineering Co., Ltd. were disposed for the year ended December 31, 2013. |
(*2) | These subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements as the Company obtains the majority of the voting power through the shareholders’ agreement. |
(*3) | As the Company lost its control over the entities in the current year, the investments are reclassified to investment in associates and joint ventures and the related disposal gain of ₩1,056 million is included in gain or loss related to investment in associates and joint ventures. |
(*4) | These entities were liquidated during the year ended December 31, 2013, and disposal losses in the amount of ₩112 million is recognized in gain or loss related to investment in associates and joint ventures. |
(*5) | As of December 31, |
<Newly included in consolidated subsidiaries for 2012>
(i) | Subsidiaries newly included in consolidation |
Subsidiary |
| |
| ||
| New investment | |
| Step acquisition | |
KEPCO Singapore Holding Pte., Ltd. | New investment | |
| New investment | |
| New investment | |
KOSPO Chile SpA | New investment |
(ii) | Subsidiaries excluded from consolidation |
Subsidiary | Reason | |
Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. | Decrease of voting power to appoint directors | |
Nepal Water & Energy Development Company Pty Ltd. | ||
| ||
| ||
| ||
| ||
EWP Barbados 2 SRL | ||
| ||
| ||
| ||
|
(3) | Summary of financial information of consolidated subsidiaries as of and for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2013 are as follows: |
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Subsidiaries | Total assets | Total liabilities | Sales | Profit (loss) for the period | ||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. | ₩ | 45,061,851 | 24,638,944 | 6,717,341 | 126,181 | |||||||||||||||
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. | 7,218,552 | 3,564,786 | 4,672,289 | 179,139 | ||||||||||||||||
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. | 5,767,527 | 2,828,679 | 5,427,872 | 132,306 | ||||||||||||||||
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. | 5,716,612 | 2,615,447 | 5,967,870 | 118,319 | ||||||||||||||||
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. | 6,441,594 | 3,038,450 | 6,955,053 | 103,368 | ||||||||||||||||
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. | 6,069,774 | 2,593,576 | 5,950,683 | 164,489 | ||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Engineering & Construction Company, Inc. | 861,882 | 435,913 | 785,586 | 134,310 | ||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Plant Service & Engineering Co., Ltd. | 756,214 | 224,674 | 1,006,609 | 117,888 | ||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Nuclear Fuel Co., Ltd. | 500,744 | 221,196 | 238,627 | 30,844 | ||||||||||||||||
KEPCO KDN Co., Ltd. | 320,860 | 96,911 | 338,769 | 3,714 | ||||||||||||||||
Garorim Tidal Power Plant Co., Ltd. | 37,476 | 1,546 | — | (1,404 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Korea Engineering & Power Services Co., Ltd. | 7,093 | 2,043 | 10,381 | 3,206 | ||||||||||||||||
Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. | 235,002 | 856 | — | (4,289 | ) | |||||||||||||||
KEPCO International Hong Kong Ltd. | 246,889 | 35 | — | 25,262 | ||||||||||||||||
KEPCO International Philippines Inc. | 102,564 | 728 | — | 13,264 | ||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Gansu International Ltd. | 15,934 | 493 | — | (8 | ) | |||||||||||||||
KEPCO Philippines Holdings Inc. | 125,971 | 162 | — | 1,650 | ||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Philippines Corporation | 18,020 | 826 | — | (573 | ) | |||||||||||||||
KEPCO Ilijan Corporation | 678,488 | 109,610 | 146,295 | 83,647 | ||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Lebanon SARL | 7,111 | 8,850 | — | (1,846 | ) | |||||||||||||||
KEPCO Neimenggu International Ltd. | 182,669 | — | — | 22,307 | ||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Shanxi International Ltd. | 496,410 | 223,186 | — | (2,960 | ) | |||||||||||||||
KOMIPO Global Pte Ltd. | 111,765 | 115 | — | (4,780 | ) | |||||||||||||||
KEPCO Canada Energy Ltd. | 81,560 | 13,602 | — | (43 | ) | |||||||||||||||
KEPCO Netherlands B.V. | 219,828 | 31 | — | 10,345 | ||||||||||||||||
KOREA Imouraren Uranium Investment Corp. | 241,481 | 114 | — | (51 | ) | |||||||||||||||
KEPCO Australia Pty., Ltd. | 547,886 | 168,837 | 5,446 | 1,034 | ||||||||||||||||
KOSEP Australia Pty., Ltd. | 19,878 | 495 | 5,301 | 2,067 | ||||||||||||||||
KOMIPO Australia Pty., Ltd. | 19,869 | 957 | 5,307 | 1,142 | ||||||||||||||||
KOWEPO Australia Pty., Ltd. | 20,036 | 491 | 5,301 | 1,636 | ||||||||||||||||
KOSPO Australia Pty., Ltd. | 20,112 | 959 | 5,309 | 1,146 | ||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Middle East Holding Company | 105,319 | 102,250 | — | 2,526 | ||||||||||||||||
Qatrana Electric Power Company | 467,457 | 432,000 | 19,172 | 24,499 | ||||||||||||||||
KHNP Canada Energy Ltd. | 55,238 | 705 | — | (20 | ) | |||||||||||||||
KEPCO Bylong Australia Pty., Ltd. | 73,016 | 252 | — | (4,007 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Korea Waterbury Uranium Limited Partnership | 22,623 | 701 | — | (39 | ) | |||||||||||||||
KEPCO Canada Uranium Investment Limited Partnership | 89,223 | — | — | (5 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Sylardus Holding B.V. | 103 | 178 | — | (52 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Akkuyu Finance B.V. | 6 | 80 | — | (27 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Akkuyu Fuel B.V. | 7 | 75 | — | (26 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Akkuyu Operations B.V. | 6 | 74 | — | (26 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Korea Electric Power Nigeria Ltd. | 6 | 5 | 252 | (39 | ) | |||||||||||||||
KEPCO Holdings de Mexico | 31 | 13 | — | (13 | ) | |||||||||||||||
KST Electric Power Company | 345,416 | 387,121 | — | (8,498 | ) | |||||||||||||||
KEPCO Energy Service Company | 73 | 53 | 296 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Netherlands S3 B.V. | 480 | 10 | — | (88 | ) | |||||||||||||||
PT. KOMIPO Pembangkitan Jawa Bali | 19,175 | 8,449 | 21,439 | 5,714 |
2012 Subsidiaries PT. Cirebon Power Service KOWEPO International Corporation KOSPO Jordan, LLC. EWP Cebu Corporation EWP Philippine Holdings Corporation EWP America Inc. (*) KNF Canada Energy Limited PT KEPCO Resource Indonesia EWP Barbados 1 SRL Gyeonggi Green Energy Co., Ltd. PT. Tanggamus Electric Power Gyeongju Wind Power Co., Ltd. KOMIPO America Inc. Boulder Solar Power, LLC. KOSEP USA, INC. Nepal Water & Energy Development Company Pty Ltd. PT. EWP Indonesia KOWEPO America, LLC. KEPCO Netherlands J3 B.V. Korea Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. EWP Barbados 2 SRL Global One Pioneer B.V. Global Energy Pioneer B.V. KOSEP Wind Power, LLC. Mira Power Limited Total
assets Total
liabilities Sales Profit (loss)
for the period In millions of won ₩ 1,182 277 7,256 541 2,080 34 — (182 ) 6,375 1,108 14,186 2,606 10,329 1,441 9,991 2,744 241 6 — (1 ) 117,971 87,346 44,618 (6,113 ) 2,412 5 — (38 ) 1,715 — — 1 309,581 138 2,817 1,696 103,342 68,991 — (465 ) 12,583 386 — (3,199 ) 48,501 34,355 1,605 980 6,427 — — — 8,553 6 — (24 ) 30,734 249 — (424 ) 21,114 12,114 — (2,901 ) 882 — — (289 ) 4,517 346 — (2,147 ) 33,138 31 — (31 ) 4,966 76 — (37 ) 779 — — (614 ) 71 — — (1 ) 71 — — (1 ) 213 — — (1 ) 1,841 11 — (2 )
(*) | Financial information of EWP America Inc. includes that of nine other subsidiaries, EWP Renewable Co., Ltd., DG Fairhaven Power, LLC., DG Kings Plaza Holdings, LLC., DG Kings Plaza, LLC., DG Whitefield, LLC., Springfield Power, LLC., California Power Holdings, LLC., EWPRC Biomass Holdings, LLC. and DG Kings Plaza II, LLC. |
2013 Subsidiaries Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. KEPCO Engineering & Construction Company, Inc. KEPCO Plant Service & Engineering Co., Ltd. KEPCO Nuclear Fuel Co., Ltd. KEPCO KDN Co., Ltd. Garorim Tidal Power Plant Co., Ltd. Korea Engineering & Power Services Co., Ltd. KEPCO International Hong Kong Ltd. KEPCO International Philippines Inc. KEPCO Gansu International Ltd. KEPCO Philippines Holdings Inc. KEPCO Philippines Corporation KEPCO Ilijan Corporation KEPCO Lebanon SARL KEPCO Neimenggu International Ltd. KEPCO Shanxi International Ltd. KOMIPO Global Pte Ltd. KEPCO Canada Energy Ltd. KEPCO Netherlands B.V. KOREA Imouraren Uranium Investment Corp. KEPCO Australia Pty., Ltd. KOSEP Australia Pty., Ltd. KOMIPO Australia Pty., Ltd. KOWEPO Australia Pty., Ltd. KOSPO Australia Pty., Ltd. KEPCO Middle East Holding Company Qatrana Electric Power Company KHNP Canada Energy Ltd. KEPCO Bylong Australia Pty., Ltd. Korea Waterbury Uranium Limited Partnership KEPCO Canada Uranium Investment Limited Partnership Korea Electric Power Nigeria Ltd. KEPCO Holdings de Mexico KST Electric Power Company KEPCO Energy Service Company KEPCO Netherlands S3 B.V. PT. KOMIPO Pembangkitan Jawa Bali PT. Cirebon Power Service KOWEPO International Corporation KOSPO Jordan, LLC. EWP Philippines Corporation (Formerly, EWP Cebu Corporation) Total
assets Total
liabilities Sales Profit (loss)
for the period In millions of won ₩ 46,717,706 26,482,646 6,378,280 (180,160 ) 8,294,384 4,634,288 4,157,175 116,001 6,189,836 3,266,269 5,658,612 40,815 7,160,956 4,010,759 5,762,386 106,829 7,360,191 3,906,329 7,120,621 102,670 7,449,723 4,014,477 5,368,299 27,021 760,504 378,454 755,484 34,407 839,067 217,404 1,121,717 151,524 509,057 221,023 233,638 15,401 354,577 115,604 372,830 8,561 43,592 3,350 — (2,502 ) 15,555 4,781 29,066 5,764 243,898 — — 12,746 101,832 819 — 705 15,689 486 — (10 ) 116,825 13 — 2,861 14,226 150 — 493 705,425 76,329 140,782 71,194 6,836 9,417 — (895 ) 177,649 — — 1,255 491,681 226,543 — (4,526 ) 131,874 30 — 14,423 75,197 12,358 — (164 ) 209,885 21 — 2,844 248,300 161 — (45 ) 498,742 2,173 4,979 162,325 18,592 931 4,728 1,578 18,190 537 4,728 1,574 18,724 929 4,728 1,577 18,789 929 4,728 1,578 107,802 100,742 — 4,190 516,637 436,210 17,471 20,850 50,314 23 — (51 ) 145,704 169,014 — (136,027 ) 20,380 21 — (70 ) 81,945 25 — (46 ) 1,859 1,449 3,602 427 10 9 — (14 ) 498,705 483,339 456 4,616 835 437 3,733 407 514 18 — (64 ) 14,884 5,548 20,162 6,143 1,646 642 7,143 406 1,897 31 — — 15,938 9,790 7,817 2,389 7,067 290 212 (914 )
2013 Subsidiaries EWP Philippine Holdings Corporation EWP America Inc.(*) KNF Canada Energy Limited PT KEPCO Resource Indonesia EWP Barbados 1 SRL Gyeonggi Green Energy Co., Ltd. PT. Tanggamus Electric Power Gyeongju Wind Power Co., Ltd. KOMIPO America Inc. Boulder Solar Power, LLC. KOSEP USA, INC. PT. EWP Indonesia KOWEPO America, LLC. KEPCO Netherlands J3 B.V. Korea Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. Global One Pioneer B.V. Global Energy Pioneer B.V. KOSEP Wind Power, LLC. Mira Power Limited KOSEP Material Co., Ltd Commerce and Industry Energy Co., Ltd. KEPCO Singapore Holding Pte., Ltd. KOWEPO India Private Limited KEPCO KPS Philippines Corp. KOSPO Chile SpA Total
assets Total
liabilities Sales Profit (loss)
for the period In millions of won ₩ 211 1 — (2 ) 104,186 77,105 53,087 (3,184 ) 2,254 19 — (71 ) 1,609 — — (84 ) 284,111 145 2,738 (21,771 ) 338,394 263,608 26,944 (161 ) 9,784 626 — (3,640 ) 49,264 32,580 7,440 2,507 7,604 6 — 0 7,639 6 — (2,131 ) 31,121 233 — (757 ) 771 14 — (334 ) 6,057 21 — (1,295 ) 102,295 31 — (86 ) 4,052 1,598 — (2,436 ) 46 19 — (44 ) 47 19 — (42 ) 1,219 688 2,053 332 13,607 244 — (742 ) 13,349 280 — (431 ) 104,739 87,628 13,450 (2,959 ) — 11 — (11 ) 1,370 4 — (377 ) 4,396 3,409 5,923 659 4,180 4,180 — —
(*) | Financial information of EWP America Inc. includes that of nine other subsidiaries, EWP Renewable Co., Ltd., DG Fairhaven Power, LLC., DG Kings Plaza Holdings, LLC., DG Kings Plaza, LLC., DG Whitefield, LLC., Springfield Power, LLC., California Power Holdings, LLC., EWPRC Biomass Holdings, LLC. and DG Kings Plaza II, LLC. |
Company | Nature and extent of any significant restrictions | |
Gyeonggi Green Energy Co., Ltd. | Acquisition or disposal of assets more than ₩35 billion, change in the capacity of cogeneration units (except for the change due to performance improvement of equipment, maintenance) will require unanimous consent of all directors. |
(5) | Details of non-controlling interest prior to inter-group eliminations as of and for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2013 are as follows: |
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description | KEPCO Ilijan Corporation | KEPCO Plant Service & Engineering Co., Ltd. | Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. | KEPCO Engineering & Construction Company, Inc. | Garorim Tidal Power Plant Co., Ltd. | Others | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Percentage of ownership | 49.00 | % | 37.00 | % | 51.00 | % | 28.95 | % | 51.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Current assets | ₩ | 198,536 | 406,454 | 49,216 | 637,560 | 3,702 | 390,147 | 1,685,615 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current assets | 479,951 | 349,759 | 185,786 | 224,322 | 33,774 | 1,163,374 | 2,436,966 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current liabilities | (67,762 | ) | (173,630 | ) | (765 | ) | (394,426 | ) | (1,492 | ) | (235,801 | ) | (873,876 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Non-current liabilities | (41,848 | ) | (51,044 | ) | (92 | ) | (41,488 | ) | (54 | ) | (925,458 | ) | (1,059,984 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Net assets | 568,877 | 531,540 | 234,146 | 425,969 | 35,930 | 392,262 | 2,188,724 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Book value of non-controlling interest | 278,750 | 159,462 | 119,414 | 107,089 | 18,324 | 553,472 | 1,236,511 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sales | 146,295 | 1,006,609 | — | 785,586 | — | 298,479 | 2,236,969 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Profit (loss) for the period | 83,647 | 117,888 | (4,289 | ) | 134,310 | (1,404 | ) | 47,670 | 377,822 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Profit (loss) for the period attributable to non-controlling interest | 40,987 | 35,366 | (2,188 | ) | 33,766 | (716 | ) | 4,213 | 111,428 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities | 40,173 | 49,350 | (6,639 | ) | 23,764 | 125 | 50,305 | 157,078 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash flows from investing activities | (5,455 | ) | (24,105 | ) | (88,471 | ) | 7,417 | (310 | ) | (147,804 | ) | (258,728 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Cash flows from financing activities before dividends to non-controlling interest | (25,889 | ) | (3,648 | ) | 101,502 | 40 | — | 97,177 | 169,182 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends to non-controlling interest | (12,358 | ) | (18,222 | ) | — | (20,425 | ) | — | (4,249 | ) | (55,254 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Effect of exchange rate fluctuation | (4,031 | ) | (137 | ) | — | (127 | ) | — | (2,201 | ) | (6,496 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net increase (decrease) of cash and cash equivalents | (7,560 | ) | 3,238 | 6,392 | 10,668 | (185 | ) | (6,773 | ) | 5,780 |
Description Percentage of ownership Current assets Non-current assets Current liabilities Non-current liabilities Net assets Book value of non- controlling interest Sales Profit (loss) for the period Profit (loss) for the period attributable to non-controlling interest Cash flows from operating activities Cash flows from investing activities Cash flows from financing activities before dividends to non-controlling interest Dividends to non- controlling interest Effect of exchange rate fluctuation Net increase (decrease) of cash and cash equivalents2013 KEPCO
Ilijan
Corporation KEPCO Plant
Service &
Engineering
Co., Ltd. Dongducheon
Dream Power
Co., Ltd. KEPCO
Engineering &
Construction
Company, Inc. Garorim Tidal
Power Plant
Co., Ltd. Others Total In millions of won 49.00 % 37.00 % 51.00 % 28.95 % 51.00 % ₩ 251,147 438,272 — 478,851 7,002 476,286 1,651,558 454,278 400,794 — 281,653 36,591 1,644,436 2,817,752 (44,046 ) (182,871 ) — (336,046 ) (3,272 ) (243,826 ) (810,061 ) (32,282 ) (34,533 ) — (42,407 ) (78 ) (1,296,242 ) (1,405,542 ) 629,097 621,662 — 382,051 40,243 580,654 2,253,707 308,257 230,015 — 110,603 20,523 599,434 1,268,832 140,782 1,121,717 — 755,484 — 361,692 2,379,675 71,194 151,524 — 34,407 (2,502 ) 55,763 310,386 34,885 45,457 — 8,650 (1,276 ) 33,989 121,705 57,785 40,805 — 11,367 (665 ) (4,871 ) 104,421 (2,524 ) (21,412 ) (20,006 ) 4,854 (186 ) (126,946 ) (166,220 ) (22,735 ) 2,657 — 1,716 3,475 189,313 174,426 — (19,440 ) — (18,564 ) — (20,037 ) (58,041 ) (1,953 ) (220 ) — (33 ) — (2,529 ) (4,735 ) 30,573 2,390 (20,006 ) (660 ) 2,624 34,930 49,851
(6) | Business combination |
On April 29, 2013, the Company has obtained control of Commerce and Industry Energy Co., Ltd. which engages in the integrated commerce and industry energy business, by acquiring an additional 29.5% of its equity shares,. As a result, the Company’s ownership for Commerce and Industry Energy Co., Ltd. has increased from 29.5% to 59.0%. The acquisition was accounted for as follows:
Amount | ||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||
I. Fair value of consideration transferred | ||||||||
Carrying value of the equity method investees previously owned | ₩ | 5,829 | ||||||
Fair value adjustment(*1) | (1,022 | ) | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents paid | 2 | |||||||
Fair value of related commitments(*2) | 4,806 | |||||||
9,615 | ||||||||
II. Fair value of non-controlling interest(*3) | 4,882 | |||||||
14,497 | ||||||||
III. Recognized amounts of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed | ||||||||
<Assets> | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 7,292 | |||||||
Trade and other receivables | 1,631 | |||||||
Inventories | 515 | |||||||
Property people & equipment | 82,733 | |||||||
Other assets | 3,460 | |||||||
<Liabilities> | ||||||||
Trade and other payables | (1,777 | ) | ||||||
Borrowings | (81,752 | ) | ||||||
Other liabilities | (187 | ) | ||||||
Fair value of net assets | 11,915 | |||||||
IV. Goodwill | ₩ | 2,582 | ||||||
(*1) | Prior to business combination, 29.5% of the Company’s equity shares re-measured to fair value. As a result, the differences incurred from the re-measurement amounted to ₩1,022 million is recognized as a loss on the disposal of its interest in associates and joint ventures. |
(*2) | The Company guarantees a certain rate of return on investment to Hana Power Co., Ltd. and one other investor, the financial investors of Commerce and Industry Energy Co., Ltd., holding 39.3% of the 2,260,000 shares of equity in Commerce and Industry Energy Co., Ltd. The investors may request the Company to purchase their investment shares after 58 months have elapsed from the date of investment. The Company has included the fair value valuation of the purchase commitment in consideration transferred. |
(*3) | Non-controlling interest is measured by proportionate share of non-controlling of the identifiable net assets. |
If the Company had acquired the equity shares of Commerce and Industry Energy Co., Ltd. on January 1, 2013, the sales and loss for the period would have been ₩54,044,024 million and ₩182,218 million, respectively. From the date of the acquisition, the subsidiary incurred sales and loss for the period ₩13,450 million and ₩2,959 million, respectively.
The net cash outflows from the business combination are as follows:
In millions of won | ||||
Consideration paid in cash | 2 | |||
Less : acquired cash and cash equivalents. | (7,292 | ) | ||
(7,290 | ) |
(7) | Changes in goodwill |
Details of goodwill as of December 31, 2012 and 2013 are as follows: |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||
Acquisition cost | ₩ | — | 2,582 | |||||||||
Accumulated impairment | — | — | ||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Carrying book value | ₩ | — | 2,582 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
(ii) | Changes in goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2013 are as follows: |
2013 | ||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||
Beginning balance | ₩ | — | ||||||
Changes | ||||||||
Newly recognized | 2,582 | |||||||
Elimination due to disposal | — | |||||||
Others | — | |||||||
Ending balance | ₩ | 2,582 | ||||||
(8) | Cash dividends received from subsidiaries for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 respectively are as follows: |
Subsidiaries | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. | ₩ | 249,620 | 463,308 | 63,035 | ||||||||||||
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. | 74,221 | 98,879 | 89,569 | |||||||||||||
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. | 39,056 | 40,940 | 66,153 | |||||||||||||
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. | 73,879 | 31,386 | 59,160 | |||||||||||||
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. | 56,428 | 47,120 | 51,680 | |||||||||||||
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. | 72,471 | 69,400 | 82,200 | |||||||||||||
KEPCO Engineering & Construction Company, Inc. | 55,019 | 60,831 | 55,280 | |||||||||||||
KEPCO Plant Service & Engineering Co., Ltd. | 37,127 | 54,678 | 45,363 | |||||||||||||
KEPCO Nuclear Fuel Co., Ltd. | 12,614 | 15,891 | 16,346 | |||||||||||||
KEPCO KDN Co., Ltd. | 13,947 | 6,279 | 2,043 | |||||||||||||
Korea Engineering & Power Services Co., Ltd. | — | 540 | 1,458 | |||||||||||||
KEPCO International Hong Kong Ltd. | 52,542 | 42,750 | 12,132 | |||||||||||||
KEPCO International Philippines Inc. | 4,209 | 25,100 | 0 | |||||||||||||
KEPCO Philippines Corporation | 101,387 | 14,762 | 1,986 | |||||||||||||
KEPCO Ilijan Corporation | 15,824 | 12,644 | 0 | |||||||||||||
KEPCO Gansu International Ltd. | 298 | — | 0 | |||||||||||||
KEPCO Philippines Holdings Inc. | — | 1,502 | 6,678 | |||||||||||||
KEPCO Neimenggu International Ltd. | 13,357 | — | 3,629 | |||||||||||||
KEPCO Netherlands B.V. | 10,982 | 8,453 | 8,923 | |||||||||||||
KOSPO Jordan LLC | 51 | 358 | 129 | |||||||||||||
PT. KOMIPO Pembangkitan Jawa Bali | 383 | 2,074 | 1,663 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
₩ | 883,415 | 996,895 | 567,427 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
17. | Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures |
(1) | Investments in associates and joint ventures as of December 31, 2012 and |
Dec. 31, 2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investee | Key Operating activities | Location | Owner- ship(%) | Acquisition cost | Book value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ASSOCIATES | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investees | Key operation activities | Location | Percentage of ownership | Acquisition cost | Book value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
<Associates> | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 48% | ₩ | 57,360 | ₩ | 56,007 | Power generation | KOREA | 48 | % | ₩ | 57,360 | 56,007 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Gas Corporation | Importing and wholesaling LNG | KOREA | 24% | 94,500 | 2,049,340 | Importing and wholesaling LNG | KOREA | 24 | % | 94,500 | 2,049,340 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. | Electricity metering | KOREA | 29% | 4,727 | 18,936 | Electricity metering | KOREA | 29 | % | 4,727 | 18,936 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
YTN Co., Ltd. | Broadcasting | KOREA | 21% | 59,000 | 37,876 | Broadcasting | KOREA | 21 | % | 59,000 | 37,876 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. | Generating and distributing vapor and hot/cold water | KOREA | 30% | 43,900 | 33,379 | Generating and distributing vapor and hot/ cold water | KOREA | 30 | % | 43,900 | 33,379 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd.(*1) | Wind power generation | KOREA | 15% | 5,725 | 12,113 | Wind power generation | KOREA | 15 | % | 5,725 | 12,113 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 29% | 88,885 | 110,346 | Power generation | KOREA | 29 | % | 88,885 | 110,346 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Power Exchange(*5) | Management of power market | KOREA | 100% | 127,839 | 176,264 | Management of power market | KOREA | 100 | % | 127,839 | 176,264 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
AMEC Partners Korea(*2) | Resources development | KOREA | 19% | 707 | 141 | Resources development | KOREA | 19 | % | 707 | 141 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 29% | 57,150 | 49,463 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd.(*8) | Power generation | KOREA | 29 | % | 57,150 | 49,463 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ecollite Co., Ltd. | Artificial light- weight aggregate | KOREA | 29% | 168 | 1,266 | Artificial light-weight aggregate | KOREA | 29 | % | 168 | 1,266 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Construction and service | KOREA | 25% | 3,810 | 3,728 | Power generation | KOREA | 25 | % | 3,810 | 3,728 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Alternergy Philippine Investments Corporation | Power generation | PHILIPPINES | 50% | 3,313 | 1,600 | Power generation | PHILIPPINES | 50 | % | 3,313 | 1,600 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Muju Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 25 | % | 2,850 | 2,711 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 25 | % | 638 | 613 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 20 | % | 25,477 | 25,017 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
JinanJangsu Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 25 | % | 100 | 78 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 30 | % | 3,801 | 3,926 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commerce and industry energy Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 30 | % | 8,500 | 7,066 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KNH Solar Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 27 | % | 1,296 | 1,089 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SPC Power Corporation | Power generation | PHILIPPINES | 38 | % | 20,635 | 36,760 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gemeng International Energy Co., Ltd. | Power generation | CHINA | 34 | % | 413,153 | 549,730 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT. Cirebon Electric Power | Power generation | INDONESIA | 28 | % | 39,217 | 17,022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd.(*3) | Resources development | NIGERIA | 15 | % | 12 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd.(*3) | Resources development | NIGERIA | 15 | % | 12 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dolphin Property Limited(*3) | Rental company | NIGERIA | 15 | % | 12 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
E-Power S.A. | Operation of utility plant and sales of electricity | HAITI | 30 | % | 3,779 | 5,646 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT Wampu Electric Power | Power generation | INDONESIA | 46 | % | 18,935 | 15,644 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT. Bayan Resources TBK | Resources development | INDONESIA | 20 | % | 615,860 | 642,636 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S-Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 40 | % | 82,000 | 81,679 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pioneer Gas Power Limited(*7) | Power generation | INDIA | 40 | % | 39,899 | 37,875 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Eurasia Energy Holdings | Power generation and resources development | RUSSIA | 40 | % | 461 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | LAOS | 25 | % | 29 | 27 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Busan Solar Co., Ltd.(*2) | Power generation | KOREA | 20 | % | 643 | 546 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hadong Mineral Fiber Co., Ltd. | Recycling fly ashes | KOREA | 25 | % | 50 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Green Biomass Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 34 | % | 714 | 637 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gumi-ochang Photovoltaic Power Co., | Power generation | KOREA | 10 | % | 288 | 282 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chungbuk Photovoltaic Power Co., | Power generation | KOREA | 10 | % | 166 | 159 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cheonan Photovoltaic Power Co., | Power generation | KOREA | 10 | % | 122 | 109 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT. Mutiara Jawa | Manufacturing and operating floating coal terminal | INDONESIA | 29 | % | 2,978 | 2,624 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1,828,711 | 3,982,340 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Dec. 31, 2012 Investee Muju Wind Power Co., Ltd. Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. JinanJangsu Wind Power CO., Ltd. Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. Commerce and industry energy KNH Solar Co., Ltd. SPC Power Corporation Gemeng International Energy Group PT. Cirebon Electric Power KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd.(*3) KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd.(*3) Dolphin Property Limited(*3) E-Power S.A PT Wampu Electric Power PT. Bayan Resources TBK S-Power Co., Ltd. Pioneer gas power limited(*7) Eurasia Energy Holdings Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. Busan Solar Co., Ltd.(*2) Hadong Mineral Fiber Co., Ltd. Green Biomass Co., Ltd. Gumi-ochang Photovoltaic Power Chungbuk Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd.(*1) Cheonan Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd.(*1) PT. Mutiara Jawa Key Operating activities Location Owner-
ship(%) Acquisition
cost Book value Power generation KOREA 25% 2,850 2,711 Power generation KOREA 25% 638 613 Power generation and
support KOREA 20% 25,477 25,017 Power generation KOREA 25% 100 78 Power generation KOREA 30% 3,801 3,926
Co., Ltd. Power generation KOREA 30% 8,500 7,066 Power generation KOREA 27% 1,296 1,089 Power generation PHILIPPINES 38% 20,635 36,760
Co., Ltd. Power generation CHINA 34% 413,153 549,730 Power generation INDONESIA 28% 39,217 17,022 Resources development NIGERIA 15% 12 — Resources development NIGERIA 15% 12 — Rental company NIGERIA 15% 12 — Operation of utility
plant and sales of
electricity HAITI 30% 3,779 5,646 Power generation INDONESIA 46% 18,935 15,644 Resources development INDONESIA 20% 615,860 642,636 Power generation KOREA 40% 82,000 81,679 Power generation INDIA 23% 39,899 37,875 Power generation and
Resources development RUSSIA 40% 461 — Power generation LAOS 25% 29 27 Power generation KOREA 20% 643 546 Recycling fly ashes KOREA 25% 50 5 Power generation KOREA 34% 714 637
Co., Ltd.(*1) Power generation KOREA 10% 288 282 Power generation KOREA 10% 166 159 Power generation KOREA 10% 122 109 Manufacturing and
operating floating coal
terminal INDONESIA 29% 2,978 2,624 1,828,713 3,982,340
Dec. 31, 2012 Investee JOINT VENTURES (*7) KEPCO-Uhde Inc.(*6) Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd. Datang Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. Holding company NETHERLANDS 49% 398 — Shuweihat Asia Operation & Maintenance Company(*6) Maintenance of utility Waterbury Lake Uranium LP ASM-BG Investicii AD RES Technology AD KV Holdings, Inc. KEPCO SPC Power Corporation(*6) Construction and PHILIPPINES 75% 94,579 121,737 Canada Korea Uranium Limited Partnership(*4) KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Company Ltd. Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Rabigh Electricity Company Rabigh Operation & Maintenance Company Maintenance of utility SAUDI ARABIA Jamaica Public Service Company Limited KW Nuclear Components Co., Ltd. KOREA 43% 833 1,222 Busan shinho Solar power Co., Ltd. KOREA 25% 2,100 2,056 STX Electric Power Co., Ltd. YEONGAM Wind Power Co., Ltd. KOREA 49% 11,584 11,563 Global Trade Of Power System Co., Ltd. Exporting products and KOREA 29% 290 213 Key Operating activities Location Owner-
ship(%) Acquisition
cost Book value Power generation KOREA 66% ₩ 11,355 ₩ 10,269 Power generation MALAYSIA 62% 9,661 — Power generation CHINA 40% 27,660 28,705
plant CAYMAN 55% 30 29 Resources development CANADA 40% 25,839 24,906 Power generation BULGARIA 50% 14,731 16,024 Power generation BULGARIA 50% 14,698 14,637 Power generation PHILIPPINES 40% 2,103 2,023
operation of utility
plant Resources development CANADA 13% 5,404 5,083 Holding company NIGERIA 30% 8,463 5,663 Power generation CHINA 40% 16,621 20,381 Power generation CHINA 40% 121,928 156,449 Power generation CHINA 40% 10,858 10,125 Construction of utility
plant and sales of
electricity SAUDI ARABIA 40% 1,357 —
plant 40% 70 814 Power generation JAMAICA 40% 301,910 293,007 R&D Power generation Power generation KOREA 49% 98,000 96,698 Power generation
technology of small or
medium sized business
by proxy
Dec. 31, 2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investee | Key Operating activities | Location | Owner- ship(%) | Acquisition cost | Book value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Expressway Solar-light Power Generation | Power generation | KOREA | 29% | 3,132 | 3,132 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investees | Key operation activities | Location | Percentage of ownership | Acquisition cost | Book value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
<Joint ventures> | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO-Uhde Inc.(*6) | Power generation | KOREA | 66 | % | ₩ | 11,355 | 10,269 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd.(*6) | Power generation | MALAYSIA | 62 | % | 9,661 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Datang Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | CHINA | 40 | % | 27,660 | 28,705 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. | Holding company | NETHERLANDS | 49 | % | 398 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shuweihat Asia Operation & Maintenance Company(*6) | Maintenance of utility | CAYMAN |
| 55 | % |
| 30 |
|
| 29 |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Waterbury Lake Uranium L.P. | Resources development | CANADA | 40 | % | 25,839 | 24,906 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ASM-BG Investicii AD | Power generation | BULGARIA | 50 | % | 14,731 | 16,024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
RES Technology AD | Power generation | BULGARIA | 50 | % | 14,698 | 14,637 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KV Holdings, Inc. | Power generation | PHILIPPINES | 40 | % | 2,103 | 2,023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO SPC Power Corporation(*6) | Construction and operation of utility plant | PHILIPPINES | 75 | % | 94,579 | 121,737 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Canada Korea Uranium Limited Partnership(*4) | Resources development | CANADA | 13 | % | 5,404 | 5,083 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited | Holding company | NIGERIA | 30 | % | 8,463 | 5,663 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | CHINA | 40 | % | 16,621 | 20,381 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | CHINA | 40 | % | 121,928 | 156,449 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | CHINA | 40 | % | 10,858 | 10,125 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rabigh Electricity Company | Construction of utility plant and sales of electricity | SAUDI ARABIA | 40 | % | 1,357 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rabigh Operation & Maintenance Company | Maintenance of utility plant | SAUDI ARABIA | 40 | % | 70 | 814 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jamaica Public Service Company Limited | Power generation | JAMAICA | 40 | % | 301,910 | 293,007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KW Nuclear Components Co., Ltd. | R&D | KOREA | 43 | % | 833 | 1,222 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Busan shinho Solar power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 25 | % | 2,100 | 2,056 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
STX Electric Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 49 | % | 98,000 | 96,698 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
YEONGAM Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 49 | % | 11,584 | 11,563 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Global Trade Of Power System Co., Ltd. | Exporting products and technology of small or medium sized business by proxy | KOREA | 29 | % | 290 | 213 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Expressway Solar-light Power Generation Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 29 | % | 3,132 | 3,132 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yeongam F1 Solar Power Plant | Power generation | KOREA | 29% | 1,740 | 1,673 | Power generation | KOREA | 29 | % | 1,740 | 1,673 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
KODE NOVUS 1 LLC. | Power generation | USA | 50% | 19,213 | 17,691 | Power generation | USA | 50 | % | 19,213 | 17,691 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
KODE NOVUS 2 LLC. | Power generation | USA | 49% | 12,498 | 11,550 | Power generation | USA | 49 | % | 12,498 | 11,550 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Daejung Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd | Power generation | KOREA | 50% | 4,990 | 4,844 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Daejung Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 50 | % | 4,990 | 4,844 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arman Asia Electric Power Company(*6) | Power generation | JORDAN | 60% | 981 | 687 | Power generation | JORDAN | 60 | % | 981 | 687 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO-ALSTOM Power Electronics Systems, Inc.(*6) | R&D | KOREA | 51% | 5,629 | 5,629 | R&D | KOREA | 51 | % | 5,629 | 5,629 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dongbu Power Dangjin Corporation | Power generation | KOREA | 40% | 40,000 | 40,000 | Power generation | KOREA | 40 | % | 40,000 | 40,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Honam Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 30% | 1,783 | 1,783 | Power generation | KOREA | 30 | % | 1,783 | 1,783 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
870,438 | 908,593 | 870,438 | 908,593 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 2,699,151 | ₩ | 4,890,933 | ₩ | 2,699,149 | 4,890,933 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
(*1) | The |
(*2) | The |
(*3) | The Company |
(*4) | The |
(*5) | The |
(*6) |
(*7) | As of reporting date, the reporting period end of all |
(*8) | As of December 31, 2012, 21% of ownership of Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. is held by NH Power ll Co., Ltd. and NH Bank. According to the shareholders’ agreement reached in March 2011, not only does the Company have a call option to acquire the investment in Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. from NH Power ll Co., Ltd. and NH Bank with a certain rate of return, NH Power ll Co., Ltd. and NH Bank also have put options to dispose of their investment to the Company. In connection with this agreement, the Company applied the equity method on the investment in Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. with 50% of ownership. |
2013 | ||||||||||||||||
Investees | Key operation activities | Location | Percentage of ownership | Acquisition cost | Book value | |||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||
<Associates> | ||||||||||||||||
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 48% | ₩ | 76,193 | 74,878 | ||||||||||
Korea Gas Corporation | Importing and wholesaling LNG | KOREA | 20% | 94,500 | 1,926,800 | |||||||||||
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. | Electricity metering | KOREA | 29% | 4,727 | 22,450 | |||||||||||
YTN Co., Ltd. | Broadcasting | KOREA | 21% | 59,000 | 38,426 | |||||||||||
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. | Generating and distributing vapor and hot/cold water | KOREA | 44% | 43,900 | 28,114 | |||||||||||
Gangwon Wind Power | Wind power generation | KOREA | 15% | 5,725 | 13,185 | |||||||||||
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 29% | 88,885 | 110,157 | |||||||||||
Korea Power Exchange(*5) | Management of power market | KOREA | 100% | 127,839 | 189,544 | |||||||||||
AMEC Partners Korea(*2) | Resources development | KOREA | 19% | 707 | 189 | |||||||||||
Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd.(*8) | Power generation | KOREA | 29% | 71,070 | 43,386 | |||||||||||
Ecollite Co., Ltd. | Artificial light-weight aggregate | KOREA | 36% | 1,516 | — | |||||||||||
Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 25% | 3,810 | 5,553 | |||||||||||
Alternergy Philippine Investments Corporation | Power generation | PHILIPPINES | 50% | 3,881 | 1,500 | |||||||||||
Muju Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 25% | 2,850 | 2,707 | |||||||||||
Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 25% | 638 | 600 | |||||||||||
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 20% | 25,477 | 24,599 | |||||||||||
JinanJangsu Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 25% | 100 | 77 | |||||||||||
Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 30% | 3,801 | 6,344 | |||||||||||
KNH Solar Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 27% | 1,296 | 1,372 | |||||||||||
SPC Power Corporation | Power generation | PHILIPPINES | 38% | 20,635 | 47,661 | |||||||||||
Gemeng International Energy | Power generation | CHINA | 34% | 413,153 | 608,674 |
Dec. 31, 2011 Investee Key Operating activities ASSOCIATES Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. Korea Gas Corporation Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. YTN Co. Ltd. Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd.(*1) Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. Korea Power Exchange(*5) Management of power market AMEC Partners Korea(*2) Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. Ecollite Co., Ltd. Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd. Construction and service KOREA 25 % 3,810 3,680 Alternergy Philippine Investments Corporation Muju Wind Power Co., Ltd. Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. Daeryun Power co., Ltd. JinanJangsu Wind Power CO., Ltd. Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. Commerce and industry energy Co., Ltd Gyeongju Wind Power Co., Ltd. KNH Solar Co., Ltd. SPC Power Corporation Gemeng International Energy Group Co., Ltd. PT. Cirebon Electric Power KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd.(*3) KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd.(*3) Dolphin Property Limited(*3) E-Power S.A 2013 Investees Key operation activities PT. Cirebon Electric Power KNOC Nigerian East Oil KNOC Nigerian West Oil Dolphin Property Limited(*3) E-Power S.A. PT Wampu Electric Power PT. Bayan Resources TBK S-Power Co., Ltd. Pioneer Gas Power Limited(*7) Eurasia Energy Holdings Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. Busan Solar Co., Ltd.(*2) Hadong Mineral Fiber Co., Ltd. Green Biomass Co., Ltd. Gumi-ochang Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd.(*1) Chungbuk Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd.(*1) Cheonan Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd.(*1) PT. Mutiara Jawa Hyundai Asan Solar Power Co., Ltd. Heang Bok Do Si Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. Jeonnam Solar Co., Ltd. DS POWER Co., Ltd. D Solarenergy Co., Ltd(*1) Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. KS Solar Corp. Ltd.(*2) KOSCON Photovoltaic Yeongwol Energy Station Co., Ltd(*1) Yeonan Photovoltaic Co., Ltd(*1) Q1 Solar Co., Ltd Jinbhuvish Power Generation(*1) Best Solar Energy Co., Ltd. Seokcheon Solar Power SE Green Energy Co., Ltd. Daegu Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. Jeongam Wind Power Co., Ltd. Korea Power Engineering Service Co., Ltd. Location Owner-
ship(%) Acquisition
cost Book value Power generation KOREA 41 % ₩ 12,300 ₩ 11,621 Importing and wholesaling LNG KOREA 24 % 94,500 1,968,886 Electricity metering KOREA 29 % 4,727 20,968 Broadcasting KOREA 21 % 59,000 36,977 Generating and distributing vapor and hot/cold water KOREA 30 % 30,000 24,576 Wind power generation KOREA 15 % 5,725 10,112 Power generation KOREA 29 % 64,235 84,109 KOREA �� 100 % 127,839 163,041 Resources development KOREA 19 % 707 176 Power generation KOREA 29 % 33,147 53,281 Artificial light- weight aggregate KOREA 34 % 168 1,219 Power generation PHILIPPINES 50 % 2,261 1,078 Power generation KOREA 25 % 2,850 2,735 Power generation KOREA 25 % 638 627 Power generation and support KOREA 20 % 20,790 20,227 Power generation KOREA 25 % 100 78 Power generation KOREA 30% 3,801 3,749 Power generation KOREA 30% 8,500 8,497 Power generation KOREA 30% 1,440 1,430 Power generation KOREA 27% 1,296 1,295 Power generation PHILIPPINES 40% 20,635 37,660 Power generation CHINA 34% 413,153 555,104 Power generation INDONESIA 28% 39,217 15,513 Resources development NIGERIA 15% 12 — Resources development NIGERIA 15% 12 — Rental company NIGERIA 15% 12 — Operation of utility plant and sales of electricity HAITI 30% 3,779 3,967 Location Percentage of
ownership Acquisition
cost Book value In millions of won Power generation INDONESIA 28% ₩ 39,217 32,826
Co., Ltd.(*3) Resources development NIGERIA 15% 12 —
Co., Ltd.(*3) Resources development NIGERIA 15% 12 — Rental company NIGERIA 15% 12 — Operation of utility plant and sales of electricity HAITI 30% 3,779 5,284 Power generation INDONESIA 46% 18,935 15,121 Resources development INDONESIA 20% 615,860 579,534 Power generation KOREA 40% 108,000 107,264 Power generation INDIA 40% 48,709 43,666 Power generation and resources development RUSSIA 40% 461 — Power generation LAOS 25% 18,928 18,058 Power generation KOREA 20% 793 741 Recycling fly ashes KOREA 25% 50 3 Power generation KOREA 34% 714 171 Power generation KOREA 10% 288 389 Power generation KOREA 10% 166 184 Power generation KOREA 10% 122 148 Manufacturing and operating floating coal terminal INDONESIA 29% 2,978 1,666 Power generation KOREA 10% 471 462 Power generation KOREA 28% 92 91 Power generation KOREA 10% 700 696 Power generation KOREA 11% 17,900 17,900 Power generation KOREA 10% 400 364 Power generation KOREA 44% 140,079 134,398 Power generation KOREA 19% 637 537
Co., Ltd(*1) Power generation KOREA 19% 245 315 Power generation KOREA 13% 1,862 908 Power generation KOREA 19 % 157 123 Power generation KOREA 28 % 1,005 983 Power generation INDIA 5 % 9,000 8,495 Power generation KOREA 23 % 1,242 898
Co., Ltd.(*1) Power generation KOREA 10 % 970 1,046 Power generation support KOREA 48 % 3,821 3,745 Power generation KOREA 29 % 1,230 1,334 Power generation KOREA 40 % 800 324 Construction and service KOREA 29 % 290 585
Dec. 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investee | Key Operating activities | Location | Owner- ship(%) | Acquisition cost | Book value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT Wampu Electric Power | Power generation | INDONESIA | 46% | 17,360 | 16,452 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT. Bayan Resources TBK | Resources development | INDONESIA | 20% | 615,860 | 671,096 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2013 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investees | Key operation activities | Location | Percentage of ownership | Acquisition cost | Book value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Golden Route J Solar Power Co., Ltd.(*1) | Photovoltaic power generation | KOREA | 10 | % | ₩ | 82 | 99 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1,587,874 | 3,718,154 | 2,089,722 | 4,124,574 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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JOINT VENTURES | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
<Joint ventures> | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO-Uhde Inc.(*6) | Power generation | KOREA | 66% | ₩ | 11,355 | ₩ | 11,172 | Power generation | KOREA | 66 | % | 11,355 | 9,537 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd. | Power generation | MALAYSIA | 62% | 9,661 | 9,783 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. | Power generation | MALAYSIA | 62 | % | 9,661 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Datang Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | CHINA | 40% | 27,660 | �� | 29,971 | Power generation | CHINA | 40 | % | 27,660 | 28,161 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. | Holding company | NETHERLANDS | 49% | 285 | — | Holding company | NETHERLANDS | 49 | % | 507 | 64 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shuweihat Asia Operation & Maintenance Company(*6) |
Maintenance of utility plant |
CAYMAN |
|
55% |
|
|
30 |
|
|
— |
| Maintenance of utility plant | CAYMAN | 55 | % | 30 | 29 | |||||||||||||||||||
Waterbury Lake Uranium LP | Resources development | CANADA | 40% | 21,786 | 21,691 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Waterbury Lake Uranium L.P. | Power generation | CANADA | 40 | % | 25,839 | 23,042 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ASM-BG Investicii AD | Power generation | BULGARIA | 50% | 14,731 | 14,921 | Power generation | BULGARIA | 50 | % | 16,101 | 20,088 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
RES Technology AD | Power generation | BULGARIA | 50% | 14,698 | 14,563 | Power generation | BULGARIA | 50 | % | 15,595 | 16,045 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
KV Holdings, Inc. | Power generation | PHILIPPINES | 40% | 2,103 | 2,044 | Power generation | PHILIPPINES | 40 | % | 2,103 | 1,842 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kings Plaza JV, LLC(*6) | Power generation | USA | 75% | 8,820 | 8,651 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO SPC Power Corporation(*6) | Construction and operation of utility plant | PHILIPPINES |
| 76% |
|
| 94,579 |
|
| 98,943 |
| Construction and operation of utility plant | PHILIPPINES | 75 | % | 94,579 | 143,294 | |||||||||||||||||||
Canada Korea Uranium Limited Partnership(*4) | Resources development | CANADA | 13% | 5,404 | 5,348 | Resources development | CANADA | 13 | % | 5,404 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited | Holding company | NIGERIA | 30% | 8,463 | 6,056 | Holding company | NIGERIA | 30 | % | 8,463 | 2,202 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Company Ltd. | Power generation | CHINA | 40% | 16,621 | 22,368 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co.,Ltd. | Power generation | CHINA | 40% | 121,928 | 183,455 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co.,Ltd. | Power generation | CHINA | 40% | 10,858 | 6,931 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | CHINA | 40 | % | 16,621 | 19,237 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | CHINA | 40 | % | 121,928 | 166,330 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | CHINA | 40 | % | 10,858 | 10,604 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rabigh Electricity Company | Construction of utility plant and sales of electricity | SAUDI ARABIA |
| 40% |
|
| 1,357 |
|
| — |
| Sales of electricity | SAUDI ARABIA | 40 | % | 109,743 | — | |||||||||||||||||||
Rabigh Operation & Maintenance Company | Maintenance of utility plant | SAUDI ARABIA |
| 40% |
|
| 70 |
|
| 137 |
| Maintenance of utility plant | SAUDI ARABIA | 40 | % | 70 | 4,082 | |||||||||||||||||||
Jamaica Public Service Company Limited | Power generation | JAMAICA | 40% | 301,910 | 311,750 | Power generation | JAMAICA | 40 | % | 301,910 | 268,022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
KW Nuclear Components Co., Ltd. | R&D | KOREA | 43% | 833 | — | R&D | KOREA | 45 | % | 833 | 2,476 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Busan shinho Solar power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 25 | % | 2,100 | 2,871 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
STX Electric Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 49 | % | 176,400 | 173,915 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
YEONGAM Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Power generation | KOREA | 49 | % | 11,584 | 11,424 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Global Trade Of Power System Co., Ltd. | Exporting products and technology of small or medium business by proxy | KOREA | 29 | % | 290 | 249 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Expressway Solar-light Power Generation Co., Ltd | Power generation | KOREA | 29 | % | 3,132 | 1,863 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KODE NOVUS 1 LLC. | Power generation | USA | 50 | % | 19,213 | 14,237 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KODE NOVUS 2 LLC. | Power generation | USA | 49 | % | 12,498 | 9,510 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Daejung Offshore Wind Power | Power generation | KOREA | 50 | % | 4,990 | 4,135 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arman Asia Electric Power Company(*6) | Power generation | JORDAN | 60 | % | 104,721 | 111,315 |
Dec. 31, 2011 Investee Key Operating activities Busan shinho Solar power Co., Ltd. STX Electric Power Co., Ltd. 2013 Investees Key operation activities KEPCO-ALSTOM Power Electronics Systems, Inc.(*6) Dongbu Power Dangjin Corporation Honam Wind Power Co., Ltd. Nepal Water & Energy Development Company Pty Ltd. Kelar S.A(*6) PT. Tanjung Power Indonesia Incheon New Power Co., Ltd. Seokmun Energy Co., Ltd. Location Owner-
ship(%) Acquisition
cost Book value Power generation KOREA 20% 2 2 Power generation KOREA 49% 19,601 19,416 692,755 767,202 ₩ 2,280,629 ₩ 4,485,356 Location Percentage of
ownership Acquisition
cost Book value In millions of won R&D KOREA 51 % ₩ 5,629 4,758 Power generation KOREA 40 % 40,000 39,102 Power generation KOREA 46 % 3,600 1,933 Power generation NEPAL 44 % 10,550 10,409 Power generation CHILE 65 % 4,180 4,180 Power generation INDONESIA 35 % 388 361 Power generation KOREA 29 % 461 449 Integrated energy business KOREA 34 % 680 415 1,179,676 1,106,181 ₩ 3,269,398 5,230,755
(*1) | The |
(*2) | The |
(*3) | The Company |
(*4) | The |
(*5) | The |
(*6) |
(*7) | As of |
(*8) | As of December 31, 2013, 16% of ownership of Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. is held by NH Power ll Co., Ltd. and NH Bank. According to the shareholders’ agreement reached on March 2011, not only does the Company have a call option to acquire the investment in Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. from NH Power ll Co., Ltd. and NH Bank with a certain rate of return, NH Power ll Co., Ltd. and NH Bank also have put options to dispose of their investment to the Company. In connection with this agreement, the Company applied the equity method on the investment in Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. with 45% of ownership. |
(2) | The fair value of associates |
Associates | Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||
Investees | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
<Associates> | ||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. | ₩ | 49,066 | ₩ | 63,815 | ₩ | 49,066 | 39,423 | |||||||||||||
Korea Gas Corporation | 1,419,390 | 788,130 | ||||||||||||||||||
Korea Gas Corporation(*) | 1,419,390 | 1,258,740 | ||||||||||||||||||
YTN Co., Ltd. | 31,770 | 24,840 | 31,770 | 25,110 | ||||||||||||||||
PT. Bayan Resources TBK | 625,864 | 1,533,601 | 625,864 | 489,600 |
The carrying amount of Korea Gas Corporation (“KOGAS”) is ₩1,926,800 million as of December 31, 2013 and management has determined that there is objective evidence of impairment. As a result of the impairment test, the Company has not recognized any impairment loss as the value in use of ₩2,867,400 million is greater than the carrying amount. The recoverable amount of KOGAS based on value in use is calculated by considering the long-term natural gas supply and demand programs of future cash flow approved by Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy and the discount rate of 4.20%. |
(3) | Changes in |
2012 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investee | Jan. 1, 2012 | Acquisition | Disposal | Dividend received | Share in Income (loss) | Changes in equity | Others | Dec. 31, 2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ASSOCIATES | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investees | Beginning balance | Acquisition | Disposal | Dividends received | Share of income (loss) | Other comprehensive income (loss) | Others | Ending balance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
<Associates> | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. | ₩ | 11,621 | ₩ | 45,060 | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | (316 | ) | ₩ | (343 | ) | ₩ | (15 | ) | ₩ | 56,007 | ₩ | 11,621 | 45,060 | — | — | (316 | ) | (343 | ) | (15 | ) | 56,007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Gas Corporation | 1,968,886 | — | — | (14,364 | ) | 88,689 | 5,697 | (568 | ) | 2,049,340 | 1,968,886 | — | — | (14,364 | ) | 89,689 | 5,697 | (568 | ) | 2,049,340 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. | 20,968 | — | — | (2,467 | ) | 788 | — | (353 | ) | 18,936 | 20,968 | — | — | (2,467 | ) | 788 | — | (353 | ) | 18,936 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
YTN Co., Ltd. | 36,977 | — | — | (225 | ) | 1,454 | (10 | ) | (320 | ) | 37,876 | 36,977 | — | — | (225 | ) | 1,454 | (10 | ) | (320 | ) | 37,876 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. | 24,576 | 13,900 | — | — | (5,097 | ) | — | — | 33,379 | 24,576 | 13,900 | — | — | (5,097 | ) | — | — | 33,379 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 10,112 | — | — | (852 | ) | 2,682 | 171 | — | 12,113 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gang won Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 10,112 | — | — | (852 | ) | 2,682 | 171 | — | 12,113 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. | 84,109 | 24,650 | — | (11,014 | ) | 12,601 | 42 | (42 | ) | 110,346 | 84,109 | 24,650 | — | (11,014 | ) | 12,601 | 42 | (42 | ) | 110,346 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Power Exchange | 163,041 | — | — | — | 13,223 | — | — | 176264 | 163,041 | — | — | — | 13,223 | — | — | 176,264 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
AMEC Partners Korea | 176 | — | — | — | (35 | ) | — | — | 141 | 176 | — | — | — | (35 | ) | — | — | 141 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. | 53,281 | — | — | — | (3,758 | ) | — | (60 | ) | 49,463 | 53,281 | — | — | — | (3,758 | ) | — | (60 | ) | 49,463 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ecollite Co., Ltd. | 1,219 | — | — | — | (283 | ) | 330 | — | 1,266 | 1,219 | — | — | — | (283 | ) | 330 | — | 1,266 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 3,680 | — | — | — | 48 | — | — | 3,728 | 3,680 | — | — | — | 48 | — | — | 3,728 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Alternergy Philippine Investments Corporation | 1,078 | 1,052 | — | — | (498 | ) | (32 | ) | — | 1,600 | 1,078 | 1,052 | — | — | (498 | ) | (32 | ) | — | 1,600 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Muju Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 2,735 | — | — | — | (24 | ) | — | — | 2,711 | 2,735 | — | — | — | (24 | ) | — | — | 2,711 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 627 | — | — | — | (14 | ) | — | — | 613 | 627 | — | — | — | (14 | ) | — | — | 613 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. | 20,227 | 4,687 | — | — | 127 | (24 | ) | — | 25,017 | 20,227 | 4,687 | — | — | 127 | (24 | ) | — | 25,017 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
JinanJangsu Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 78 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 78 | 78 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 78 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 3,749 | — | — | — | 177 | — | — | 3,926 | 3,749 | — | — | — | 177 | — | — | 3,926 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commerce and industry energy Co., Ltd | 8,497 | — | — | — | (1,431 | ) | — | — | 7,066 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commerce and industry energy Co., Ltd. | 8,497 | — | — | — | (1,431 | ) | — | — | 7,066 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gyeongju Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 1,430 | — | — | — | — | — | (1,430 | ) | — | 1,430 | — | — | — | — | — | (1,430 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KNH Solar Co., Ltd. | 1,295 | — | — | — | (206 | ) | — | — | 1,089 | 1,295 | — | — | — | (206 | ) | — | — | 1,089 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SPC Power Corporation | 37,660 | — | — | (1,512 | ) | 1,035 | (617 | ) | 194 | 36,760 | 37,660 | — | — | (1,512 | ) | 1,035 | (617 | ) | 194 | 36,760 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gemeng International Energy Group Co., Ltd. | 555,104 | — | — | — | 27,918 | (33,292 | ) | — | 549,730 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gemeng International Energy Co., Ltd. | 555,104 | — | — | — | 27,918 | (33,292 | ) | — | 549,730 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT. Cirebon Electric Power | 15,513 | — | — | — | 4,253 | (1,502 | ) | (1,242 | ) | 17,022 | 15,514 | — | — | — | 4,252 | (1,502 | ) | (1,242 | ) | 17,022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd.(*1) | — | — | — | — | 1,286 | 650 | (1,936 | ) | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd.(*1) | — | — | — | — | 1,915 | 565 | (2,480 | ) | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dolphin Property Limited(*1) | — | — | — | — | 64 | 17 | (81 | ) | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd. | — | — | — | — | 1,286 | 650 | (1,936 | ) | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd. | — | — | — | — | 1,915 | 565 | (2,480 | ) | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dolphin Property Limited | — | — | — | — | 64 | 17 | (81 | ) | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
E-Power S.A | 3,967 | — | — | (96 | ) | 2,083 | (308 | ) | — | 5,646 | 3,967 | — | — | (96 | ) | 2,083 | (308 | ) | — | 5,646 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT Wampu Electric Power | 16,452 | 1,558 | — | — | (1,173 | ) | — | (1,193 | ) | �� | 15,644 | 16,453 | 1,557 | — | — | (1,173 | ) | — | (1,193 | ) | 15,644 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT. Bayan Resources TBK | 671,096 | — | — | (15,594 | ) | (449 | ) | (11,946 | ) | (471 | ) | 642,636 | 671,097 | — | — | (15,594 | ) | (450 | ) | (11,946 | ) | (471 | ) | 642,636 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S-Power Co., Ltd. | — | 82,000 | — | — | (57 | ) | (260 | ) | (4 | ) | 81,679 | — | 82,000 | — | — | (57 | ) | (260 | ) | (4 | ) | 81,679 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pioneer gas power limited | — | 39,899 | — | — | — | (2,024 | ) | — | 37,875 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pioneer Gas Power Limited | — | 39,899 | — | — | — | (2,024 | ) | — | 37,875 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Eurasia Energy Holdings | — | 461 | — | — | (461 | ) | — | — | — | — | 461 | — | — | (461 | ) | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. | — | 29 | — | — | — | (2 | ) | — | 27 | — | 29 | — | — | — | (2 | ) | — | 27 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Busan Solar Co., Ltd. | — | 643 | — | — | (97 | ) | — | — | 546 | — | 643 | — | — | (97 | ) | — | — | 546 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hadong Mineral Fiber Co., Ltd. | — | 50 | — | — | (45 | ) | — | — | 5 | — | 50 | — | — | (45 | ) | — | — | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Green Biomass Co., Ltd. | — | 714 | — | — | (77 | ) | — | — | 637 | — | 714 | — | — | (77 | ) | — | — | 637 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gumi-ochang Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. | — | 288 | — | — | (6 | ) | — | — | 282 | — | 288 | — | — | (6 | ) | — | — | 282 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chungbuk Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd | — | 166 | — | — | (7 | ) | — | — | 159 | — | 166 | — | — | (7 | ) | — | — | 159 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cheonan Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd | — | 122 | — | — | (13 | ) | — | — | 109 | — | 122 | — | — | (13 | ) | — | — | 109 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT. Mutiara Jawa | — | 2,978 | — | — | (110 | ) | (244 | ) | — | 2,624 | — | 2,978 | — | — | (110 | ) | (244 | ) | — | 2,624 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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3,718,154 | 218,257 | — | (46,124 | ) | 145,186 | (43,132 | ) | (10,001 | ) | 3,982,340 | 3,718,157 | 218,256 | — | (46,124 | ) | 145,186 | (43,132 | ) | (10,001 | ) | 3,982,340 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2012 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investee | Jan. 1, 2012 | Acquisition | Disposal | Dividend received | Share in Income (loss) | Changes in equity | Others | Dec. 31, 2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
JOINT VENTURES | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investees | Beginning balance | Acquisition | Disposal | Dividends received | Share of income (loss) | Other comprehensive income (loss) | Others | Ending balance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
<Joint ventures> | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO-Uhde Inc. | ₩ | 11,172 | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | (894 | ) | ₩ | — | ₩ | (9 | ) | ₩ | 10,269 | ₩ | 11,172 | — | — | — | (894 | ) | — | (9 | ) | 10,269 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd. | 9,783 | — | — | — | (2,064 | ) | 1,263 | (8,982 | ) | — | 9,783 | — | — | — | (2,064 | ) | 1,263 | (8,982 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Datang Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. | 29,971 | — | — | (2,479 | ) | 1,905 | (1,702 | ) | 1,010 | 28,705 | 29,971 | — | — | (2,479 | ) | 1,905 | (1,704 | ) | 1,012 | 28,705 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. | — | 114 | — | — | (98 | ) | (16 | ) | — | — | — | 114 | — | — | (98 | ) | (16 | ) | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shuweihat Asia Operation & Maintenance Company | — | — | — | — | 30 | (1 | ) | — | 29 | — | — | — | — | 30 | (1 | ) | — | 29 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Waterbury Lake Uranium LP | 21,691 | 4,053 | — | — | — | (667 | ) | (171 | ) | 24,906 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Waterbury Lake Uranium L.P. | 21,691 | 4,053 | — | — | — | (667 | ) | (171 | ) | 24,906 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ASM-BG Investicii AD | 14,921 | — | — | — | 2,765 | (1,662 | ) | — | 16,024 | 14,921 | — | — | — | 2,765 | (1,662 | ) | — | 16,024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
RES Technology AD | 14,563 | — | — | — | 1,298 | (1,224 | ) | — | 14,637 | 14,563 | — | — | — | 1,298 | (1,224 | ) | — | 14,637 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KV Holdings, Inc. | 2,044 | — | — | (89 | ) | 79 | (11 | ) | — | 2,023 | 2,044 | — | — | (89 | ) | 79 | (11 | ) | — | 2,023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kings Plaza JV, LLC | 8,651 | — | (9,150 | ) | — | 499 | — | — | — | 8,651 | — | (9,150 | ) | — | 499 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO SPC Power Corporation | 98,943 | — | — | — | 24,591 | (1,875 | ) | 78 | 121,737 | 98,943 | — | — | — | 24,591 | (1,875 | ) | 78 | 121,737 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Canada Korea Uranium Limited Partnership | 5,348 | — | — | — | (12 | ) | — | (253 | ) | 5,083 | 5,348 | — | — | — | (12 | ) | — | (253 | ) | 5,083 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited | 6,056 | — | — | — | (186 | ) | (207 | ) | — | 5,663 | 6,056 | — | — | — | (186 | ) | (207 | ) | — | 5,663 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Company Ltd. | 22,368 | — | — | — | (715 | ) | (1,272 | ) | — | 20,381 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 22,368 | — | — | — | (715 | ) | (1,272 | ) | — | 20,381 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. | 183,455 | — | — | (22,561 | ) | 3,077 | (10,225 | ) | 2,703 | 156,449 | 183,455 | — | — | (22,561 | ) | 3,077 | (10,225 | ) | 2,703 | 156,449 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. | 6,931 | — | — | — | 633 | (1,488 | ) | 4,049 | 10,125 | 6,931 | — | — | — | 634 | (1,488 | ) | 4,048 | 10,125 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rabigh Electricity Company | — | — | — | — | 6,143 | (32,009 | ) | 25,866 | — | — | — | — | — | 6,143 | (32,009 | ) | 25,866 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rabigh Operation & Maintenance Company | 137 | — | — | — | 722 | (45 | ) | — | 814 | 137 | — | — | — | 722 | (45 | ) | — | 814 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jamaica Public Service Company Limited | 311,750 | — | — | (2,216 | ) | 3,680 | 46 | (20,253 | ) | 293,007 | 311,750 | — | — | (2,216 | ) | 3,680 | 46 | (20,253 | ) | 293,007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KW Nuclear Components Co., Ltd. | — | — | — | — | 1,222 | — | — | 1,222 | — | — | — | — | 1,222 | — | — | 1,222 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Busan shinho Solar power Co., Ltd. | 2 | 2,098 | — | — | (44 | ) | — | — | 2,056 | 2 | 2,098 | — | — | (44 | ) | — | — | 2,056 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
STX Electric Power Co., Ltd. | 19,416 | 78,400 | — | — | (741 | ) | (377 | ) | — | 96,698 | 19,415 | 78,400 | — | — | (741 | ) | (376 | ) | — | 96,698 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
YEONGAM Wind Power Co., Ltd. | — | 11,583 | — | — | (20 | ) | — | — | 11,563 | — | 11,583 | — | — | (20 | ) | — | — | 11,563 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Global Trade Of Power System Co., Ltd | — | 290 | — | — | (77 | ) | — | — | 213 | — | 290 | — | — | (77 | ) | — | — | 213 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Expressway Solar-light Power Generation Co., Ltd | — | 3,132 | — | — | — | — | — | 3,132 | — | 3,132 | — | — | — | — | — | 3,132 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yeongam F1 Solar Power Plant | — | 1,740 | — | — | (67 | ) | — | — | 1,673 | — | 1,740 | — | — | (67 | ) | — | — | 1,673 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KODE NOVUS 1 LLC. | — | 19,213 | — | — | (485 | ) | (1,037 | ) | — | 17,691 | — | 19,213 | — | — | (485 | ) | (1,037 | ) | — | 17,691 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KODE NOVUS 2 LLC. | — | 12,498 | — | — | (189 | ) | (759 | ) | — | 11,550 | — | 12,498 | — | — | (189 | ) | (759 | ) | — | 11,550 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Daejung Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. | — | 4,990 | — | — | (146 | ) | — | — | 4,844 | — | 4,990 | — | — | (146 | ) | — | — | 4,844 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arman Asia Electric Power Company | — | 981 | — | — | (232 | ) | (62 | ) | — | 687 | — | 981 | — | — | (232 | ) | (62 | ) | — | 687 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO-ALSTOM Power Electronics Systems, Inc. | — | 5,629 | — | — | — | — | — | 5,629 | — | 5,629 | — | — | — | — | — | 5,629 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dongbu Power Dangjin Corporation | — | 40,000 | — | — | — | — | — | 40,000 | — | 40,000 | — | — | — | — | — | 40,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Honam Wind Power Co., Ltd. | — | 1,783 | — | — | — | — | — | 1,783 | — | 1,783 | — | — | — | — | — | 1,783 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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767,202 | 186,504 | (9,150 | ) | (27,345 | ) | 40,674 | (53,330 | ) | 4,038 | 908,593 | 767,201 | 186,504 | (9,150 | ) | (27,345 | ) | 40,675 | (53,331 | ) | 4,039 | 908,593 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 4,485,356 | ₩ | 404,761 | ₩ | (9,150) | ₩ | (73,469 | ) | ₩ | 185,860 | ₩ | (96,462 | ) | ₩ | (5,963 | ) | ₩ | 4,890,933 | ₩ | 4,485,358 | 404,760 | (9,150 | ) | (73,469 | ) | 185,859 | (96,463 | ) | (5,962 | ) | 4,890,933 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(3) | Changes in investments in associates and joint ventures for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2013 are as follows: |
2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investees | Beginning balance | Acquisition | Disposal | Dividends received | Share of income (loss) | Other comprehensive income (loss) | Others | Ending balance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
<Associates> | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. | ₩ | 56,007 | 18,833 | — | — | 160 | (91 | ) | (31 | ) | 74,878 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Gas Corporation | 2,049,340 | — | — | (30,996 | ) | (26,848 | ) | 1,541 | (66,237 | ) | 1,926,800 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. | 18,936 | — | — | (255 | ) | 3,477 | — | 292 | 22,450 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
YTN Co., Ltd. | 37,876 | — | — | (90 | ) | 472 | 40 | 128 | 38,426 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. | 33,379 | — | — | — | (5,217 | ) | — | (48 | ) | 28,114 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 12,113 | — | — | (1,988 | ) | 3,005 | 55 | — | 13,185 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. | 110,346 | — | — | (8,107 | ) | 8,038 | — | (120 | ) | 110,157 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Power Exchange | 176,264 | — | — | — | 10,283 | — | 2,997 | 189,544 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
AMEC Partners Korea | 141 | — | — | — | 48 | — | — | 189 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. | 49,463 | 13,920 | — | — | (19,834 | ) | — | (163 | ) | 43,386 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ecollite Co., Ltd.(*1) | 1,266 | 1,349 | — | — | (896 | ) | — | (1,719 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 3,728 | — | — | — | 1,825 | — | 5,553 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Alternergy Philippine Investments Corporation | 1,600 | 569 | — | — | (508 | ) | (161 | ) | — | 1,500 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Muju Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 2,711 | — | — | — | (4 | ) | — | — | 2,707 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 613 | — | — | — | (13 | ) | — | — | 600 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. | 25,017 | — | — | — | (270 | ) | (19 | ) | (129 | ) | 24,599 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
JinanJangsu Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 78 | — | — | — | (1 | ) | — | — | 77 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 3,926 | — | — | — | 2,418 | — | — | 6,344 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commerce and industry energy Co., Ltd | 7,066 | — | — | — | (1,237 | ) | — | (5,829 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KNH Solar Co., Ltd. | 1,089 | — | — | — | 290 | — | (7 | ) | 1,372 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SPC Power Corporation | 36,760 | — | — | — | 15,599 | (4,501 | ) | (197 | ) | 47,661 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gemeng International Energy Co., Ltd. | 549,730 | — | — | — | 53,120 | 5,824 | — | 608,674 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT. Cirebon Electric Power | 17,022 | — | — | — | 10,300 | 6,361 | (857 | ) | 32,826 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd. | — | — | — | — | (348 | ) | 127 | 221 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd. | — | — | — | — | (933 | ) | 113 | 820 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dolphin Property Limited | — | — | — | — | 344 | (3 | ) | (341 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
E-Power S.A. | 5,646 | — | — | (1,878 | ) | (359 | ) | (28 | ) | 1,903 | 5,284 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT Wampu Electric Power | 15,644 | — | — | — | (303 | ) | — | (220 | ) | 15,121 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT. Bayan Resources TBK(*2) | 642,636 | — | — | — | (54,399 | ) | (8,703 | ) | — | 579,534 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S-Power Co., Ltd. | 81,679 | 26,000 | — | — | (158 | ) | (125 | ) | (132 | ) | 107,264 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pioneer Gas Power Limited | 37,875 | 8,811 | — | — | 377 | (3,316 | ) | (81 | ) | 43,666 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Eurasia Energy Holdings | — | — | — | — | (171 | ) | 57 | 114 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd | 27 | 18,898 | — | — | (363 | ) | (504 | ) | — | 18,058 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Busan Solar Co., Ltd. | 546 | 150 | — | — | 45 | — | — | 741 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hadong Mineral Fiber Co., Ltd. | 5 | — | — | — | (1 | ) | — | (1 | ) | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Green Biomass Co., Ltd. | 637 | — | — | — | (466 | ) | — | — | 171 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gumi-ochang Photovoltaic Power | 282 | — | — | — | 107 | — | — | 389 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chungbuk Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. | 159 | — | — | — | 25 | — | — | 184 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cheonan Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. | 109 | — | — | — | 39 | — | — | 148 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT. Mutiara Jawai | 2,624 | — | — | — | (573 | ) | (456 | ) | 71 | 1,666 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hyundai Asan Solar Power Co., Ltd. | — | 471 | — | — | (9 | ) | — | — | 462 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heang Bok Do Si Photovoltaic Power | — | 92 | — | — | 1 | (2 | ) | — | 91 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jeonnam Solar Co., Ltd. | — | 700 | — | — | — | (4 | ) | — | 696 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DS POWER Co., Ltd. | — | 17,900 | — | — | — | — | — | 17,900 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
D Solarenergy Co., Ltd. | — | 400 | — | — | (36 | ) | — | — | 364 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. | — | — | — | — | (5,677 | ) | 52 | 140,023 | 134,398 |
Investees KS Solar Corp. Ltd. KOSCON Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. Yeongwol Energy Station Co., Ltd. Yeonan Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. Q1 Solar Co., Ltd. Jinbhuvish Power Generation Best Solar Energy Co., Ltd. Seokcheon Solar Power Co., Ltd. SE Green Energy Co., Ltd. Daegu Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. Jeongam Wind Power Co., Ltd. Korea Power Engineering Service Co., Ltd. Golden Route J Solar Power Co., Ltd. <Joint ventures> KEPCO-Uhde Inc. Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd. Datang Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. Shuweihat Asia Operation & Maintenance Company Waterbury Lake Uranium L.P. ASM-BG Investicii AD RES Technology AD KV Holdings, Inc. KEPCO SPC Power Corporation Canada Korea Uranium Limited Partnership(*3) KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Co., Ltd. Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Rabigh Electricity Company(*4) Rabigh Operation & Maintenance Company Jamaica Public Service Company Limited(*5) KW Nuclear Components Co., Ltd. Busan shinho Solar power Co., Ltd. STX Electric Power Co., Ltd. YEONGAM Wind Power Co., Ltd. Global Trade Of Power System Expressway Solar-light Power Generation Co., Ltd. Yeongam F1 Solar Power Plant 2013 Beginning
balance Acquisition Disposal Dividends
received Share of
income
(loss) Other
comprehensive
income
(loss) Others Ending
balance In millions of won ₩ — 637 — — (100 ) — — 537 — 245 — — 70 — — 315 — 1,862 — — (926 ) (28 ) — 908 — 157 — — (34 ) — — 123 — 1,005 — — (10 ) — (12 ) 983 — 9,000 — — (145 ) (360 ) — 8,495 — 1,242 — — (344 ) — — 898 — 970 — — 76 — — 1,046 — 3,821 — — (57 ) (19 ) — 3,745 — 1,230 — — 111 (7 ) — 1,334 — 800 — — (476 ) — — 324 — 290 — — 295 — — 585 — 82 — — 17 — — 99 3,982,340 129,434 — (43,314 ) (10,174 ) (4,157 ) 70,445 4,124,574 10,269 — — — (751 ) — 19 9,537 — — — — — — — — 28,705 — — (1,300 ) 549 395 (188 ) 28,161 — 109 — — (42 ) (7 ) 4 64 29 — — — — — — 29 24,906 — — — — (1,374 ) (490 ) 23,042 16,024 1,371 — — 2,301 392 — 20,088 14,637 897 — — 157 354 — 16,045 2,023 — — (319 ) 307 (169 ) — 1,842 121,737 — — (2,304 ) 20,196 3,665 — 143,294 5,083 — — — — — (5,083 ) — 5,663 — — — (3,386 ) (75 ) — 2,202 20,381 — — — (1,365 ) 221 — 19,237 156,449 — — (3,545 ) 11,837 1,838 (249 ) 166,330 10,125 — — (506 ) 893 155 (63 ) 10,604 — 108,385 — — 15,539 41,458 (165,382 ) — 814 — — (1,831 ) 5,188 (89 ) — 4,082 293,007 — — — (2,242 ) (3,544 ) (19,199 ) 268,022 1,222 — — (457 ) 1,711 — — 2,476 2,056 — — — 815 — — 2,871 96,698 78,400 — — (806 ) (377 ) — 173,915 11,563 — — — (76 ) — (63 ) 11,424
Co., Ltd. 213 — — — 36 — — 249 3,132 — — — (1,257 ) (12 ) — 1,863 1,673 — (2,002 ) — 329 — — —
Investees KODE NOVUS 1 LLC. KODE NOVUS 2 LLC. Daejung Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. Arman Asia Electric Power Company KEPCO-ALSTOM Power Electronics Systems, Inc. Dongbu Power Dangjin Corporation Honam Wind Power Co., Ltd. Nepal Water & Energy Development Company Pty Ltd. Kelar S.A PT. Tanjung Power Indonesia Incheon New Power Co., Ltd. Seokmun Energy Co., Ltd. 2013 Beginning
balance Acquisition Disposal Dividends
received Share of
income
(loss) Other
comprehensive
income (loss) Others Ending
balance In millions of won ₩ 17,691 — — — (3,661 ) (64 ) 271 14,237 11,550 — — — (1,940 ) (100 ) — 9,510 4,844 — — — (709 ) — — 4,135 687 103,740 — — (1,501 ) 10,685 (2,296 ) 111,315 5,629 — — — (871 ) — — 4,758 40,000 — — — (980 ) — 82 39,102 1,783 1,817 — — (395 ) (1,272 ) — 1,933 — — — — (10 ) (131 ) 10,550 10,409 — 4,180 — — — — — 4,180 — 388 — — (9 ) (18 ) — 361 — 461 — — (4 ) (23 ) 15 449 — 680 — — (265 ) — — 415 908,593 300,428 (2,002 ) (10,262 ) 39,588 51,908 (182,072 ) 1,106,181 ₩ 4,890,933 429,862 (2,002 ) (53,576 ) 29,414 47,751 (111,627 ) 5,230,755
(*1) |
(*2) | In accordance with the interpretation, the Company has applied it prospectively beginning January 1, 2013. However PT Bayan Resources TBK (PT Bayan), one of the equity method investments of the Company, has retrospectively applied the interpretation and has restated its comparative financial statements to adjust the stripping activity costs that do not meet the criteria for asset recognition in the interpretation. The Company reflected this adjustment of ₩31,529 million due to the |
(*3) | Canada Korea Uranium Limited Partnership could not find a mining area in |
2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investee | Jan. 1, 2011 | Acquisition | Disposal | Dividend received | Share in income(loss) | Changes in equity | Others | Dec. 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
ASSOCIATES |
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Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. | ₩ | 5,810 | ₩ | 6,150 | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | (314 | ) | ₩ | (30 | ) | ₩ | 5 | ₩ | 11,621 | ||||||||||||||
Korea Gas Corporation | 1,890,437 | — | — | (11,718 | ) | 44,391 | 48,331 | (2,555 | ) | 1,968,886 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. | 17,473 | — | — | (1,475 | ) | 7,917 | 10 | (2,957 | ) | 20,968 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
YTN | 35,569 | — | — | (135 | ) | 2,182 | 35 | (674 | ) | 36,977 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. | 26,092 | — | — | — | (1,516 | ) | — | — | 24,576 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 8,576 | — | — | (852 | ) | 2,624 | (236 | ) | — | 10,112 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. | 43,113 | 26,100 | — | (5,541 | ) | 20,207 | 56 | 174 | 84,109 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Power Exchange | 156,057 | — | — | — | 6,984 | — | — | 163,041 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
The 3rd energy fund | 2,220 | — | (1,680 | ) | (536 | ) | (4 | ) | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
AMEC Partners Korea | 151 | 209 | — | — | (181 | ) | (3 | ) | — | 176 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. | 31,968 | — | — | — | (2,970 | ) | — | 24,283 | 53,281 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Ecollite Co. Ltd. | 1,450 | — | — | — | (231 | ) | — | — | 1,219 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 2,461 | 1,298 | — | — | (79 | ) | — | — | 3,680 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Alternergy Philippine Investments Corporation | 788 | 929 | — | — | (651 | ) | 12 | — | 1,078 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Muju Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 2,803 | — | — | — | (68 | ) | — | — | 2,735 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 11 | 625 | — | — | (9 | ) | — | — | 627 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. | 2,930 | 17,820 | — | — | (424 | ) | (78 | ) | (21 | ) | 20,227 | |||||||||||||||||||||
JinanJangsu Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 79 | — | — | — | (1 | ) | — | — | 78 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 119 | 3,681 | — | — | (51 | ) | — | — | 3,749 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Commerce and industry energy | 8,497 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 8,497 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gyeongju Wind Power Co., Ltd. | — | 1,440 | — | — | (10 | ) | — | — | 1,430 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
KNH Solar Co.,Ltd. | — | 1,296 | — | — | (1 | ) | — | — | 1,295 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
SPC Power Corporation | 33,053 | — | (1,022 | ) | — | 6,001 | 605 | (977 | ) | 37,660 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Gemeng International Energy Group Co.,Ltd. | 543,147 | — | — | — | (18,490 | ) | 30,447 | — | 555,104 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
PT. Cirebon Electric Power | 20,985 | — | — | — | (516 | ) | (4,997 | ) | 41 | 15,513 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd.(*1) | — | — | — | — | (2,071 | ) | 233 | 1,838 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||
KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd.(*1) | — | — | — | — | (1,827 | ) | 213 | 1,614 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Dolphin Property Limited(*1) | — | — | — | — | (245 | ) | 30 | 215 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||
E-Power S.A | 2,814 | — | — | — | 1,077 | 76 | — | 3,967 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT Wampu Electric Power | 12,518 | 4,842 | — | — | (1,214 | ) | — | 306 | 16,452 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
PT. Bayan Resources TBK | 641,389 | — | — | (6,637 | ) | 29,161 | 7,348 | (165 | ) | 671,096 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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3,490,510 | 64,390 | (2,702 | ) | (26,894 | ) | 89,671 | 82,052 | 21,127 | 3,718,154 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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Investee JOINT VENTURES KEPCO-Uhde Inc. Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd. Datang Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. Shuweihat Asia Operation & Maintenance Company Waterbury Lake Uranium LP ASM-BG Investicii AD RES Technology AD KV Holdings, Inc. Kings Plaza JV, LLC KEPCO SPC Power Corporation Canada Korea Uranium Limited Partnership KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Company Ltd. Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co.,Ltd. Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Rabigh Electricity Company(*1) Rabigh Operation & Maintenance Company Jamaica Public Service Company Limited KW Nuclear Components Co., Ltd. Busan shinho Solar power Co., Ltd. STX Electric Power Co., Ltd. 2011 Jan. 1,
2011 Acquisition Disposal Dividend
received Share in
income(loss) Changes in
equity Others Dec. 31,
2011 ₩ — ₩ 11,355 ₩ — ₩ — ₩ (183 ) ₩ — ₩ — ₩ 11,172 9,661 — — — — — 122 9,783 15,138 10,041 — — 2,199 2,561 32 29,971 13 271 — — (180 ) (104 ) — — — 30 — — (30 ) — — — — 4,446 (4,335 ) — — (75 ) 21,655 21,691 — 14,731 — — 775 (585 ) — 14,921 — 14,698 — — 484 (619 ) — 14,563 — 2,103 — — (4 ) (55 ) — 2,044 8,820 — — (694 ) 547 — (22 ) 8,651 72,663 13,593 — — 10,691 2,050 (54 ) 98,943 5,408 — — — (19 ) — (41 ) 5,348 6,867 — — — (461 ) (350 ) — 6,056 21,555 — — (305 ) (134 ) 1,288 (36 ) 22,368 134,790 23,265 — (13,926 ) 22,645 16,366 315 183,455 — 10,858 — — — 121 (4,048 ) 6,931 — — — — (9,616 ) (35,836 ) 45,452 — 61 — — — 72 4 — 137 — 301,910 — (20,350 ) 4,470 (3,174 ) 28,894 311,750 345 — — — (345 ) — — — — 2 — — — — — 2 — 19,600 — — (184 ) — — 19,416 275,321 426,903 (4,335 ) (35,275 ) 30,727 (18,408 ) 92,269 767,202 ₩ 3,765,831 ₩ 491,293 ₩ (7,037) ₩ (62,169 ) ₩ 120,398 ₩ 63,644 ₩ 113,396 ₩ 4,485,356
(* |
(*5) | It has been determined that there is objective evidence of impairment as |
(4) | Summary of financial information of |
Dec. 31, 2012 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investee | Total assets | Total liabilities | Sales | Net income (loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ASSOCIATES | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investees | Total assets | Total liabilities | Sales | Profit (loss) for the period | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
<Associates> | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. | ₩ | 148,814 | ₩ | 31,645 | ₩ | 5 | ₩ | (707 | ) | ₩ | 148,814 | 31,645 | 5 | (707 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Gas Corporation | 40,631,086 | 32,252,753 | 35,714,565 | 366,675 | 40,631,086 | 32,252,753 | 35,714,565 | 366,675 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. | 125,614 | 60,319 | 250,183 | 1,822 | 125,614 | 60,319 | 250,183 | 1,822 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
YTN Co. Ltd. | 345,862 | 169,119 | 124,276 | 5,735 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
YTN Co., Ltd. | 345,862 | 169,119 | 124,276 | 5,735 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. | 446,396 | 376,358 | 31,125 | (11,556 | ) | 446,396 | 376,358 | 31,125 | (11,556 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 145,628 | 65,203 | 34,342 | 18,770 | 145,628 | 65,203 | 34,342 | 18,770 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. | 952,240 | 572,151 | 283,539 | 43,555 | 952,240 | 572,151 | 283,539 | 43,555 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Power Exchange | 189,548 | 13,284 | 82,667 | 14,308 | 189,548 | 13,284 | 82,667 | 14,308 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
AMEC Partners Korea | 1,119 | 375 | 1,045 | (181 | ) | 1,119 | 375 | 1,045 | (181 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. | 201,781 | 92,109 | — | — | 201,781 | 92,109 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ecollite Co. Ltd. | 5,283 | 880 | — | (878 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ecollite Co., Ltd. | 5,283 | 880 | — | (878 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 51,901 | 36,988 | 3,849 | 194 | 51,901 | 36,988 | 3,849 | 194 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Alternergy Philippine Investments Corporation | 3,207 | 8 | — | (899 | ) | 3,207 | 8 | — | (899 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Muju Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 10,843 | — | — | (96 | ) | 10,843 | — | — | (96 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 2,455 | 1 | — | (53 | ) | 2,455 | 1 | — | (53 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. | 366,059 | 240,264 | — | (559 | ) | 366,059 | 240,264 | — | (559 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
JinanJangsu Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 310 | — | — | — | 310 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 40,922 | 27,835 | 1,749 | 591 | 40,922 | 27,835 | 1,749 | 591 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commerce and industry energy Co., Ltd | 101,001 | 77,685 | 14,075 | (4,083 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KNH Solar Co.,Ltd. | 30,665 | 26,657 | 1,385 | (764 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commerce and industry energy Co., Ltd. | 101,001 | 77,685 | 14,075 | (4,083 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KNH Solar Co., Ltd. | 30,665 | 26,657 | 1,385 | (764 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SPC Power Corporation | 104,886 | 8,150 | 11,851 | 6,131 | 104,886 | 8,150 | 11,851 | 6,131 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gemeng International Energy Group Co.,Ltd. | 5,234,058 | 3,617,205 | 1,575,590 | 75,650 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gemeng International Energy Co., Ltd. | 5,234,058 | 3,617,205 | 1,575,590 | 75,650 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT. Cirebon Electric Power | 1,009,607 | 947,711 | 159,655 | 15,462 | 1,009,607 | 947,711 | 159,655 | 15,462 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co.,Ltd. | 239,810 | 291,330 | — | (7,636 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co.,Ltd. | 145,322 | 187,148 | — | (6,704 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd. | 239,810 | 291,330 | — | (7,636 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd. | 145,322 | 187,148 | — | (6,704 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dolphin Property Limited | 6,264 | 9,415 | 506 | (101 | ) | 6,264 | 9,415 | 506 | (101 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
E-Power S.A | 73,829 | 58,312 | 60,416 | 6,931 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
E-Power S.A. | 73,829 | 58,312 | 60,416 | 6,931 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT Wampu Electric Power | 80,850 | 46,842 | — | (2,549 | ) | 80,850 | 46,842 | — | (2,549 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT. Bayan Resources TBK | 1,976,368 | 1,407,518 | 1,645,400 | 76,426 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT. Bayan Resources TBK(*) | 1,789,276 | 1,233,329 | 1,645,400 | 76,426 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S-Power Co., Ltd. | 205,853 | 1,985 | — | (142 | ) | 205,853 | 1,985 | — | (142 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pioneer gas power limited | 65,000 | 16,371 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pioneer Gas Power Limited | 65,000 | 16,371 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Eurasia Energy Holdings | 3,421 | 3,562 | — | (1,275 | ) | 3,421 | 3,562 | — | (1,275 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. | 13,539 | 13,432 | — | — | 13,539 | 13,432 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Busan Solar Co., Ltd. | 12,991 | 10,233 | 444 | (492 | ) | 12,991 | 10,233 | 444 | (492 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hadong Mineral Fiber Co., Ltd. | 19 | — | — | (181 | ) | 19 | — | — | (181 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Green Biomass Co., Ltd. | 8,034 | 6,160 | — | (226 | ) | 8,034 | 6,160 | — | (226 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gumi-ochang Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. | 20,136 | 17,316 | 1,314 | (60 | ) | 20,136 | 17,316 | 1,314 | (60 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chungbuk Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd | 8,599 | 7,014 | 302 | (77 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cheonan Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd | 6,252 | 5,154 | 173 | (121 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chungbuk Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. | 8,599 | 7,014 | 302 | (77 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cheonan Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. | 6,252 | 5,154 | 173 | (121 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT. Mutiara Jawa | 9,068 | 16 | — | (380 | ) | 9,068 | 16 | — | (380 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
JOINT VENTURES | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
<Joint ventures> | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO-Uhde Inc. | ₩ | 16,063 | ₩ | 504 | ₩ | — | ₩ | (1,354 | ) | 16,063 | 504 | — | (1,354 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd. | 17,494 | 3,888 | — | — | 17,494 | 3,888 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Datang Chaoyang Renewable Power Co.,Ltd. | 195,746 | 123,983 | 19,117 | 5,179 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Datang Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. | 195,746 | 123,983 | 19,117 | 5,179 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. | 65 | 65 | — | (189 | ) | 65 | 65 | — | (189 | ) |
Investee Shuweihat Asia Operation & Maintenance Company Waterbury Lake Uranium LP ASM-BG Investicii AD RES Technology AD KV Holdings, Inc. KEPCO SPC Power Corporation Canada Korea Uranium Limited Partnership KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Company Ltd. Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Rabigh Electricity Company Rabigh Operation & Maintenance Company Jamaica Public Service Company Limited KW Nuclear Components Co., Ltd. Busan shinho Solar power Co., Ltd. STX Electric Power Co., Ltd. YEONGAM Wind Power Co., Ltd. Global Trade Of Power System Co., Ltd. Expressway Solar-light Power Generation Co., Ltd. Yeongam F1 Solar Power Plant KODE NOVUS 1 LLC. KODE NOVUS 2 LLC. Daejung Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. Arman Asia Electric Power Company KEPCO-ALSTOM Power Electronics Systems, Inc. Dongbu Power Dangjin Corporation Honam Wind Power Co., Ltd. Dec. 31, 2012 Total assets Total liabilities Sales Net income
(loss) 70 17 — (45 ) 62,885 621 — — 99,485 67,437 15,453 3,551 98,036 68,762 9,428 (704 ) 5,057 — — 198 527,718 333,972 159,412 33,100 40,866 41 — (10 ) 24,732 5,855 — (898 ) 125,198 74,422 9,619 (1,789 ) 945,001 553,772 103,162 10,445 70,554 45,241 4,046 1,586 2,383,131 2,579,352 6,479 44,518 4,350 2,315 9,002 1,810 1,167,350 761,650 1,286,441 19,694 25,540 22,824 8,990 3,560 35,324 27,140 — (176 ) 203,754 6,411 — (1,490 ) 23,470 — — (58 ) 754 20 — (266 ) 12,451 1,650 — 1 55,011 49,241 — (230 ) 122,061 95,603 166 (1,222 ) 87,303 63,731 — (387 ) 9,750 42 — (292 ) 55,119 53,973 — (386 ) 11,473 435 — — 94,967 532 — (3,942 ) 9,112 3,243 — (72 )
Dec. 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
Investee | Total assets | Total liabilities | Sales | Net income | ||||||||||||
ASSOCIATES | ||||||||||||||||
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. | ₩ | 28,557 | ₩ | 213 | ₩ | — | ₩ | (609 | ) | |||||||
Korea Gas Corporation | 36,016,009 | 27,966,599 | 28,493,663 | 181,484 | ||||||||||||
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. | 122,578 | 50,273 | 266,418 | 17,861 | ||||||||||||
YTN Co. Ltd. | 338,084 | 165,537 | 124,798 | 9,539 | ||||||||||||
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. | 388,189 | 306,594 | 14,643 | (5,131 | ) | |||||||||||
Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd. | ₩ | 148,265 | ₩ | 81,178 | ₩ | 29,199 | ₩ | 13,276 | ||||||||
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. | 743,829 | 453,799 | 278,804 | 63,902 | ||||||||||||
Korea Power Exchange | 186,240 | 23,200 | 80,885 | 6,983 | ||||||||||||
AMEC Partners Korea | 1,230 | 305 | 825 | (952 | ) | |||||||||||
Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. | 201,781 | 92,109 | — | (828 | ) | |||||||||||
Ecollite Co. Ltd. | 3,679 | 40 | — | (690 | ) | |||||||||||
Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 38,452 | 23,732 | — | (315 | ) | |||||||||||
Alternergy Philippine Investments Corporation | 2,186 | 29 | — | (973 | ) | |||||||||||
Muju Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 10,970 | 32 | — | (274 | ) | |||||||||||
Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 2,922 | 415 | — | (36 | ) | |||||||||||
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. | 151,684 | 50,083 | — | (2,144 | ) | |||||||||||
JinanJangsu Wind Power CO., Ltd. | 313 | — | — | (2 | ) | |||||||||||
Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 23,521 | 11,026 | — | (172 | ) |
Investee ASSOCIATES Commerce and industry energy Co., Ltd Gyeongju Wind Power Co., Ltd. KNH Solar Co., Ltd. SPC Power Corporation Gemeng International Energy Group Co., Ltd. PT. Cirebon Electric Power KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd. KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd. Dolphin Property Limited E-Power S.A PT Wampu Electric Power PT. Bayan Resources TBK JOINT VENTURES KEPCO-Uhde Inc. Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd. Datang Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. Shuweihat Asia Operation & Maintenance Company Waterbury Lake Uranium LP ASM-BG Investicii AD RES Technology AD KV Holdings, Inc. Kings Plaza JV, LLC KEPCO SPC Power Corporation Canada Korea Uranium Limited Partnership KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Company Ltd. Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Rabigh Electricity Company Rabigh Operation & Maintenance Company Jamaica Public Service Company Limited KW Nuclear Components Co., Ltd. Busan shinho Solar power Co., Ltd. STX Electric Power Co., Ltd. Dec. 31, 2011 Total assets Total liabilities Sales Net income 88,361 60,197 — — 4,770 4 — (34 ) 4,800 2 — (2 ) 111,564 12,467 13,020 7,043 4,980,501 3,347,843 1,280,069 (100,414 ) 913,213 856,798 — (5,386 ) 257,837 322,590 — (8,496 ) 155,815 214,588 — (7,883 ) 6,511 10,205 1,067 (471 ) 75,211 65,289 54,633 4,267 38,922 3,156 — (2,598 ) 1,610,547 990,782 1,612,046 239,030 ₩ 16,964 ₩ 36 ₩ — ₩ (277 ) 15,957 2,581 — (776 ) 213,751 138,823 9,203 5,498 103 129 — (297 ) 208 254 — (100 ) 54,477 250 — — 120,829 87,903 — 817 121,543 88,730 — 41 5,109 — — (11 ) 25,910 14,807 10,440 778 546,503 383,068 111,705 10,272 42,931 60 — (12 ) 26,673 6,488 741 (1,335 ) 133,980 78,236 10,104 (335 ) 1,130,479 671,765 121,277 56,725 25,973 8,646 — — 1,815,708 1,976,274 — (372 ) 863 520 650 235 1,191,391 769,188 553,196 13,711 8,922 9,767 — (1,609 ) 10 — — — 44,967 5,345 — (377 )
Investee ASSOCIATES Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. Korea Gas Corporation Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. YTN Co. Ltd. Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd. Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. Korea Power Exchange The 3rd energy fund AMEC Partners Korea Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. Ecollite Co. Ltd. Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd. Alternergy Philippine Investments Corporation Muju Wind Power Co., Ltd. Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. Daeryun Power JinanJangsu Wind Power CO., Ltd. Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. Commerce and industry energy Co., Ltd SPC Power Corporation Gemeng International Energy Group Co., Ltd. PT. Cirebon Electric Power KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd. KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd. Dolphin Property Limited E-Power S.A PT Wampu Electric Power PT. Bayan Resources TBK JOINT VENTURES Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd. Datang Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. Kings Plaza JV, LLC KEPCO SPC Power Corporation Canada Korea Uranium Limited Partnership KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Company Ltd. Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Rabigh Electricity Company Rabigh Operation & Maintenance Company KW Nuclear Components Co., Ltd. Investees Shuweihat Asia Operation & Maintenance Company Waterbury Lake Uranium L.P. ASM-BG Investicii AD RES Technology AD KV Holdings, Inc. KEPCO SPC Power Corporation Canada Korea Uranium Limited Partnership KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Co., Ltd. Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Rabigh Electricity Company Rabigh Operation & Maintenance Company Jamaica Public Service Company Limited KW Nuclear Components Co., Ltd. Busan shinho Solar power Co., Ltd. STX Electric Power Co., Ltd. YEONGAM Wind Power Co., Ltd. Global Trade Of Power System Co., Ltd. Expressway Solar-light Power Generation Co., Ltd. Yeongam F1 Solar Power Plant KODE NOVUS 1 LLC. KODE NOVUS 2 LLC. Daejung Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. Arman Asia Electric Power Company KEPCO-ALSTOM Power Electronics Systems, Inc. Dongbu Power Dangjin Corporation Honam Wind Power Co., Ltd. Dec. 31, 2010 Total assets Total liabilities Sales Net income ₩ 14,358 ₩ 186 ₩ — ₩ (748 ) 30,023,269 22,294,581 22,740,460 276,831 107,529 47,278 241,644 18,208 316,535 150,558 116,676 5,121 332,163 245,437 6,963 (7,467 ) 162,533 105,684 19,949 7,106 509,667 361,000 76,224 24,167 169,212 13,155 77,033 9,527 4,626 — — — 1,221 428 496 (1,454 ) 113,512 24,571 — (2,881 ) 4,350 22 — (515 ) 9,858 13 — (111 ) 1,607 31 — (594 ) 11,250 38 — (188 ) 43 — — (7 ) 22,212 41 — (573 ) 319 2 — (81 ) 399 1 — (2 ) 31,554 3,390 — (10 ) 95,436 12,805 24,239 15,605 4,286,124 2,688,636 768,528 (53,547 ) 730,804 654,495 — (9,402 ) 254,420 304,057 — (8,311 ) 153,399 198,800 — (7,865 ) 5,594 7,857 1,155 (642 ) 48,948 42,868 — (1,377 ) ₩ 27,770 ₩ 558 ₩ — ₩ (3,014 ) 1,048,244 664,435 1,111,654 37,673 14,976 574 — (2,157 ) 76,531 38,685 3,547 1,544 27 — — — 25,910 14,807 10,440 778 436,653 312,627 — (5,954 ) 43,265 43 — (1 ) 31,524 8,634 5,843 493 135,697 81,810 14,712 4,676 1,040,214 703,151 116,416 42,942 1,193,950 1,262,867 — — 152 — — — 6,455 5,691 — (840 ) 2012 Total assets Total liabilities Sales Profit (loss) for
the period In millions of won ₩ 70 17 — (45 ) 62,885 621 — — 99,485 67,437 15,453 3,551 98,036 68,762 9,428 (704 ) 5,057 — — 198 527,718 333,972 159,412 33,100 40,866 41 — (10 ) 24,732 5,855 — (898 ) 125,198 74,422 9,619 (1,789 ) 945,001 553,772 103,162 10,445 70,554 45,241 4,046 1,586 2,383,131 2,579,352 6,479 44,518 4,350 2,315 9,002 1,810 1,167,350 761,650 1,286,441 19,694 25,540 22,824 8,990 3,560 35,324 27,140 — (176 ) 203,754 6,411 — (1,490 ) 23,470 — — (58 ) 754 20 — (266 ) 12,451 1,650 — 1 55,011 49,241 — (230 ) 122,061 95,603 166 (1,222 ) 87,303 63,731 — (387 ) 9,750 42 — (292 ) 55,119 53,973 — (386 ) 11,473 435 — — 94,967 532 — (3,942 ) 9,112 3,243 — (72 )
(*) | The associates have restated the comparative financial statement as the criteria for asset recognition has changed for the current year. |
2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Investees | Total assets | Total liabilities | Sales | Profit (loss) for the period | ||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
<Associates> | ||||||||||||||||||||
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. | ₩ | 461,503 | 305,157 | 295 | (52 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Korea Gas Corporation | 43,666,375 | 34,733,597 | 37,458,950 | (200,707 | )�� | |||||||||||||||
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. | 139,764 | 62,350 | 289,085 | 12,658 | ||||||||||||||||
YTN Co., Ltd. | 410,384 | 230,977 | 120,124 | 3,090 | ||||||||||||||||
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. | 429,095 | 370,940 | 44,455 | (11,278 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 141,572 | 54,000 | 38,973 | 20,035 | ||||||||||||||||
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. | 1,217,193 | 837,339 | 339,567 | 29,580 | ||||||||||||||||
Korea Power Exchange | 214,012 | 24,469 | 84,257 | 13,592 | ||||||||||||||||
AMEC Partners Korea | 1,594 | 600 | 1,650 | 251 | ||||||||||||||||
Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. | 548,467 | 449,949 | 33,010 | (41,604 | ) |
Investees Ecollite Co., Ltd. Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd. Alternergy Philippine Investments Corporation Muju Wind Power Co., Ltd. Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. JinanJangsu Wind Power Co., Ltd. Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. KNH Solar Co., Ltd. SPC Power Corporation Gemeng International Energy Co., Ltd. PT. Cirebon Electric Power KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd. KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd. Dolphin Property Limited E-Power S.A. PT Wampu Electric Power PT. Bayan Resources TBK S-Power Co., Ltd. Pioneer Gas Power Limited Eurasia Energy Holdings Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. Busan Solar Co., Ltd. Hadong Mineral Fiber Co., Ltd. Green Biomass Co., Ltd. Gumi-ochang Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. Chungbuk Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. Cheonan Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. PT. Mutiara Jawa Hyundai Asan Solar Power Co., Ltd. Heang Bok Do Si Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. Jeonnam Solar Co., Ltd. DS POWER Co., Ltd. D Solarenergy Co., Ltd. Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. KS Solar Corp. Ltd. KOSCON Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. Yeongwol Energy Station Co., Ltd. Yeonan Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. Q1 Solar Co., Ltd. Jinbhuvish Power Generation Best Solar Energy Co., Ltd. Seokcheon Solar Power Co., Ltd. SE Green Energy Co., Ltd. Daegu Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. Jeongam Wind Power Co., Ltd. Korea Power Engineering Service Co., Ltd. Golden Route J Solar Power Co., Ltd. <Joint ventures> KEPCO-Uhde Inc. Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd. Datang Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. 2013 Total assets Total liabilities Sales Profit (loss) for
the period In millions of won ₩ 5,085 2,005 — (2,663 ) 58,705 36,495 11,595 6,986 3,088 89 — (664 ) 10,830 — — (13 ) 2,400 1 — (55 ) 608,267 484,032 — (1,321 ) 310 — — (1 ) 51,653 30,506 11,818 7,635 29,530 24,449 4,940 1,073 140,236 15,138 53,862 29,730 5,758,480 3,968,262 1,642,121 102,631 1,004,891 885,522 300,011 37,466 237,211 290,240 — (7,445 ) 143,874 191,302 — (5,363 ) 6,173 7,053 558 (159 ) 66,262 51,951 35,601 5,218 122,733 89,862 27,048 (659 ) 1,525,745 1,194,968 1,256,526 (19,401 ) 614,591 346,429 — (388 ) 199,974 135,845 135 65 540 963 3,414 (297 ) 127,858 75,138 70 (1,239 ) 25,244 21,501 2,666 256 12 — — (4 ) 6,962 6,458 — (1,298 ) 20,091 16,197 3,885 1,068 7,553 5,709 1,133 20 6,032 4,554 1,024 228 13,939 8,435 — (1,987 ) 26,298 22,169 — (90 ) 324 — — — 7,591 632 — (2 ) 184,783 61,135 6,831 (352 ) 29,537 25,909 29 (361 ) 1,159,917 845,337 — (9,713 ) 22,433 19,756 188 (524 ) 13,213 11,556 1,411 367 89,122 82,292 — (6,747 ) 8,111 7,463 411 (178 ) 25,771 22,259 1,906 (36 ) 63,830 4,798 — — 25,490 21,583 86 (1,495 ) 14,602 3,847 1,873 786 8,148 307 — (119 ) 22,580 17,980 1,829 439 855 44 — (1,189 ) 2,123 107 4,658 1,016 5,623 4,637 711 171 16,136 1,686 — (1,137 ) — — — — 168,058 97,656 21,013 2,392
Investees Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. Shuweihat Asia Operation & Maintenance Company Waterbury Lake Uranium L.P. ASM-BG Investicii AD RES Technology AD KV Holdings, Inc. KEPCO SPC Power Corporation Canada Korea Uranium Limited Partnership KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Co., Ltd. Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Rabigh Electricity Company Rabigh Operation & Maintenance Company Jamaica Public Service Company Limited KW Nuclear Components Co., Ltd. Busan shinho Solar power Co., Ltd. STX Electric Power Co., Ltd. YEONGAM Wind Power Co., Ltd. Global Trade Of Power System Co., Ltd. Expressway Solar-light Power Generation Co., Ltd. KODE NOVUS 1 LLC. KODE NOVUS 2 LLC. Daejung Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. Arman Asia Electric Power Company KEPCO-ALSTOM Power Electronics Systems, Inc. Dongbu Power Dangjin Corporation Honam Wind Power Co., Ltd. Nepal Water & Energy Development Company Kelar S.A PT. Tanjung Power Indonesia Incheon New Power Co., Ltd. Seokmun Energy Co., Ltd. 2013 Total assets Total liabilities Sales Profit (loss) for
the period In millions of won ₩ 152 23 — (70 ) 181 128 — — 57,600 131 — — 108,869 68,692 15,364 5,249 100,140 68,050 10,110 699 4,606 — — 768 499,241 308,691 170,681 26,856 41,636 42 — — 416,632 409,294 — (11,328 ) 113,565 65,472 10,397 (3,245 ) 932,146 516,236 115,588 26,302 71,338 44,827 9,755 2,316 2,684,208 2,486,086 237,775 34,116 17,857 7,651 25,636 13,243 1,270,886 762,970 1,194,263 (784 ) 24,401 18,898 9,785 3,551 56,191 44,746 8,944 3,025 367,307 12,378 — (1,646 ) 94,823 71,509 939 (144 ) 866 6 2,393 148 21,435 15,009 2,804 (4,293 ) 115,450 96,442 2,819 (7,416 ) 57,931 38,523 1,530 (3,959 ) 8,299 12 — (1,017 ) 669,925 484,400 — (1,506 ) 9,972 643 387 (1,649 ) 94,768 2,578 — (3,235 ) 25,887 19,519 — (1,310 )
Pty Ltd. 36,040 14,382 — (1,572 ) 1,019 — — 1,573 1,061 27 — 22 4,531 2,984 — (13 ) 1,647 426 — (779 )
(5) |
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investees | Net assets | Percentage of ownership | Share in net assets | Investment differential | Intercompany transaction | Others | Book value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
<Associates> | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. | ₩ | 117,169 | 47.80 | % | 56,007 | — | — | — | 56,007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Gas Corporation | 8,378,333 | 24.46 | % | 2,049,340 | — | — | — | 2,049,340 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. | 65,295 | 29.00 | % | 18,936 | — | — | — | 18,936 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
YTN Co., Ltd. | 176,744 | 21.43 | % | 37,876 | — | — | — | 37,876 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. | 70,038 | 43.90 | % | 30,747 | 2,584 | — | 48 | 33,379 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 80,425 | 15.00 | % | 12,064 | — | — | 49 | 12,113 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. | 380,089 | 29.00 | % | 110,226 | — | — | 120 | 110,346 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Power Exchange | 176,264 | 100.00 | % | 176,264 | — | — | — | 176,264 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
AMEC Partners Korea | 743 | 19.00 | % | 141 | — | — | — | 141 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. | 101,158 | 50.00 | % | 50,579 | — | (1,116 | ) | — | 49,463 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Ecollite Co., Ltd. | 4,403 | 28.76 | % | 1,266 | — | — | — | 1,266 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 14,913 | 25.00 | % | 3,728 | — | — | — | 3,728 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Alternergy Philippine Investments Corporation | 3,199 | 50.00 | % | 1,600 | — | — | — | 1,600 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Muju Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 10,843 | 25.00 | % | 2,711 | — | — | — | 2,711 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 2,454 | 25.00 | % | 613 | — | — | — | 613 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. | 125,795 | 19.80 | % | 24,907 | — | — | 110 | 25,017 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
JinanJangsu Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 310 | 25.00 | % | 78 | — | — | — | 78 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. | 13,086 | 30.00 | % | 3,926 | — | — | — | 3,926 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commerce and industry energy Co., Ltd. | 23,316 | 29.51 | % | 6,881 | 185 | — | — | 7,066 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
KNH Solar Co., Ltd. | 4,008 | 27.00 | % | 1,082 | — | — | 7 | 1,089 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
SPC Power Corporation | 96,736 | 38.00 | % | 36,760 | — | — | — | 36,760 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gemeng International Energy Co., Ltd. | 1,616,853 | 34.00 | % | 549,730 | — | — | — | 549,730 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT. Cirebon Electric Power | 61,897 | 27.50 | % | 17,022 | — | — | — | 17,022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd. | (51,520 | ) | 15.00 | % | (7,728 | ) | — | — | 7,728 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd. | (41,826 | ) | 15.00 | % | (6,274 | ) | — | — | 6,274 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Dolphin Property Limited | (3,151 | ) | 15.00 | % | (473 | ) | — | — | 473 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
E-Power S.A. | 15,518 | 30.00 | % | 4,655 | 991 | — | — | 5,646 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT Wampu Electric Power | 34,008 | 46.00 | % | 15,644 | — | — | — | 15,644 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT. Bayan Resources TBK | 568,850 | 20.00 | % | 113,770 | 528,866 | — | — | 642,636 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
S-Power Co., Ltd. | 203,868 | 40.00 | % | 81,547 | — | — | 132 | 81,679 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pioneer Gas Power Limited | 48,629 | 40.00 | % | 19,452 | 18,306 | — | 117 | 37,875 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Eurasia Energy Holdings | (141 | ) | 40.00 | % | (56 | ) | — | — | 56 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. | 107 | 25.00 | % | 27 | — | — | — | 27 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Busan Solar Co., Ltd. | 2,758 | 19.80 | % | 546 | — | — | — | 546 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hadong Mineral Fiber Co., Ltd. | 19 | 25.00 | % | 5 | — | — | — | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Green Biomass Co., Ltd. | 1,874 | 34.00 | % | 637 | — | — | — | 637 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gumi-ochang Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. | 2,820 | 10.00 | % | 282 | — | — | — | 282 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chungbuk Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. | 1,585 | 10.00 | % | 159 | — | — | — | 159 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cheonan Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. | 1,098 | 10.00 | % | 110 | — | — | — | 110 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT. Mutiara Jawa | 9,052 | 29.00 | % | 2,625 | — | — | — | 2,625 |
Investees <Joint ventures> KEPCO-Uhde Inc. Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd. Datang Chaoyang Renewable Power Shuweihat Asia Power Shuweihat Asia Operation & Maintenance Company Waterbury Lake Uranium L.P. ASM-BG Investicii AD RES Technology AD KV Holdings, Inc. KEPCO SPC Power Corporation Canada Korea Uranium Limited Partnership KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Rabigh Electricity Company Rabigh Operation & Maintenance Company Jamaica Public Service Company Limited KW Nuclear Components Co., Ltd. Busan shinho Solar power Co., Ltd. STX Electric Power Co., Ltd. YEONGAM Wind Power Co., Ltd. Global Trade Of Power System Co., Ltd. Expressway Solar-light Power Generation Co., Ltd. Yeongam F1 Solar Power Plant KODE NOVUS 1 LLC. KODE NOVUS 2 LLC. Daejung Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. Arman Asia Electric Power Company KEPCO-ALSTOM Power Electronics Systems, Inc. Dongbu Power Dangjin Corporation Honam Wind Power Co., Ltd. 2012 Net assets Percentage
of
ownership Share in
net assets Investment
differential Intercompany
transaction Others Book value In millions of won ₩ 15,559 66.00 % 10,269 — — — 10,269 13,606 62.00 % 8,435 — — (8,435 ) —
Co., Ltd. 71,763 40.00 % 28,705 — — — 28,705
Investment B.V. 1 49.00 % — — — — — 53 55.00 % 29 — — — 29 62,264 40.00 % 24,906 — — — 24,906 32,048 50.00 % 16,024 — — — 16,024 29,275 50.00 % 14,637 — — — 14,637 5,057 40.00 % 2,023 — — — 2,023 193,745 75.20 % 145,697 — — (23,960 ) 121,737 40,826 12.50 % 5,103 — — (20 ) 5,083 18,877 30.00 % 5,663 — — — 5,663
Co., Ltd. 50,776 40.00 % 20,311 — — 70 20,381
Co., Ltd. 391,229 40.00 % 156,492 — — (43 ) 156,449 25,313 40.00 % 10,125 — — — 10,125 (196,221 ) 40.00 % (78,488 ) — — 78,488 — 2,035 40.00 % 814 — — — 814 405,701 40.00 % 162,280 130,727 — — 293,007 2,715 45.00 % 1,222 — — — 1,222 8,184 25.00 % 2,046 — — 10 2,056 197,343 49.00 % 96,698 — — — 96,698 23,470 49.00 % 11,500 — — 63 11,563 734 29.00 % 213 — — — 213 10,801 29.00 % 3,132 — — — 3,132 5,770 29.00 % 1,673 — — — 1,673 26,458 50.00 % 13,229 4,732 — (270 ) 17,691 23,572 49.00 % 11,550 — — — 11,550 9,708 49.90 % 4,844 — — — 4,844 1,145 60.00 % 687 — — — 687 11,038 51.00 % 5,629 — — — 5,629 94,434 40.00 % 37,774 2,226 — — 40,000 5,869 30.00 % 1,761 22 — — 1,783
Investees <Associates> Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. Korea Gas Corporation Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. YTN Co., Ltd. Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd. Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. Korea Power Exchange AMEC Partners Korea Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. Ecollite Co., Ltd. Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd. Alternergy Philippine Investments Corporation Muju Wind Power Co., Ltd. Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. JinanJangsu Wind Power Co., Ltd. Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. KNH Solar Co., Ltd. SPC Power Corporation Gemeng International Energy Co., Ltd. PT. Cirebon Electric Power KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd. KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd. Dolphin Property Limited E-Power S.A. PT Wampu Electric Power PT. Bayan Resources TBK S-Power Co., Ltd. Pioneer Gas Power Limited Eurasia Energy Holdings Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. Busan Solar Co., Ltd. Hadong Mineral Fiber Co., Ltd. Green Biomass Co., Ltd. Gumi-ochang Photovoltaic Power Chungbuk Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. Cheonan Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. PT. Mutiara Jawa Hyundai Asan Solar Power Co., Ltd. Heang Bok Do Si Photovoltaic Power Jeonnam Solar Co., Ltd. DS POWER Co., Ltd. D Solarenergy Co., Ltd. Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. KS Solar Corp. Ltd. KOSCON Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. Yeongwol Energy Station Co., Ltd. Yeonan Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. Q1 Solar Co., Ltd. Jinbhuvish Power Generation Best Solar Energy Co., Ltd. Seokcheon Solar Power Co., Ltd. SE Green Energy Co., Ltd. Daegu Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. 2013 Net
assets Percentage
of
ownership Share in
net assets Investment
differential Intercompany
transaction Others Book
value In millions of won ₩ 156,346 47.80 % 74,733 145 — — 74,878 8,932,779 21.57 % 1,926,800 — — — 1,926,800 77,414 29.00 % 22,450 — — — 22,450 179,407 21.43 % 38,447 — (21 ) — 38,426 58,155 43.90 % 25,530 2,584 — — 28,114 87,572 15.00 % 13,136 — — 49 13,185 379,853 29.00 % 110,157 — — — 110,157 189,544 100.00 % 189,544 — — — 189,544 994 19.00 % 189 — — — 189 98,518 45.26 % 44,589 — (1,203 ) — 43,386 3,080 36.10 % 1,112 — — (1,112 ) — 22,210 25.00 % 5,553 — — — 5,553 3,000 50.00 % 1,500 — — — 1,500 10,830 25.00 % 2,707 — — — 2,707 2,399 25.00 % 600 — — — 600 124,235 19.80 % 24,599 — — — 24,599 309 25.00 % 77 — — — 77 21,147 30.00 % 6,344 — — — 6,344 5,081 27.00 % 1,372 — — — 1,372 125,098 38.00 % 47,537 — — 124 47,661 1,790,218 34.00 % 608,674 — — — 608,674 119,369 27.50 % 32,826 — — — 32,826 (53,029 ) 14.63 % (7,758 ) — — 7,758 — (47,429 ) 14.63 % (6,939 ) — — 6,939 — (880 ) 15.00 % (132 ) — — 132 — 14,311 30.00 % 4,293 991 — — 5,284 32,871 46.00 % 15,121 — — — 15,121 330,776 20.00 % 66,155 513,379 — — 579,534 268,161 40.00 % 107,264 — — — 107,264 64,129 40.00 % 25,652 18,014 — — 43,666 (423 ) 40.00 % (169 ) — — 169 — 52,720 25.00 % 13,180 4,878 — — 18,058 3,743 19.80 % 741 — — — 741 12 25.00 % 3 — — — 3 504 34.00 % 171 — — — 171
Co., Ltd. 3,894 10.00 % 389 — — — 389 1,844 10.00 % 184 — — — 184 1,478 10.00 % 148 — — — 148 5,504 29.00 % 1,596 70 — — 1,666 4,129 10.00 % 413 49 — — 462
Co., Ltd. 324 28.00 % 91 — — — 91 6,960 10.00 % 696 — — — 696 123,648 10.91 % 13,495 — — 4,405 17,900 3,627 10.00 % 363 1 — — 364 314,580 43.61 % 137,188 (2,790 ) — — 134,398 2,677 19.00 % 509 28 — — 537 1,657 19.00 % 315 — — — 315 6,829 13.30 % 908 — — — 908 648 19.00 % 123 — — — 123 3,512 28.00 % 983 — — — 983 59,032 5.16 % 3,046 5,449 — — 8,495 3,906 23.00 % 898 — — — 898 10,755 9.73 % 1,046 — — — 1,046 7,841 47.76 % 3,745 — — — 3,745 4,600 29.00 % 1,334 — — — 1,334
Investees Jeongam Wind Power Co., Ltd. Korea Power Engineering Service Co., Ltd. Golden Route J Solar Power Co., Ltd. <Joint ventures> KEPCO-Uhde Inc. Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd. Datang Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. Shuweihat Asia Operation & Maintenance Company Waterbury Lake Uranium L.P. ASM-BG Investicii AD RES Technology AD KV Holdings, Inc. KEPCO SPC Power Corporation Canada Korea Uranium Limited Partnership KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power Co., Ltd. Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Rabigh Electricity Company Rabigh Operation & Maintenance Company Jamaica Public Service Company Limited KW Nuclear Components Co., Ltd. Busan shinho Solar power Co., Ltd. STX Electric Power Co., Ltd. YEONGAM Wind Power Co., Ltd. Global Trade Of Power System Co., Ltd. Expressway Solar-light Power Generation Co., Ltd. KODE NOVUS 1 LLC. KODE NOVUS 2 LLC. Daejung Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. Arman Asia Electric Power Company KEPCO-ALSTOM Power Electronics Systems, Inc. Dongbu Power Dangjin Corporation Honam Wind Power Co., Ltd. Nepal Water & Energy Development Company Pty Ltd. Kelar S.A PT. Tanjung Power Indonesia Incheon New Power Co., Ltd. Seokmun Energy Co., Ltd. 2013 Net
assets Percentage
of
ownership Share
in net
assets Investment
differential Intercompany
transaction Others Book
value In millions of won ₩ 811 40.00 % 324 — — — 324 2,016 29.00 % 585 — — — 585 987 10.00 % 99 — — — 99 14,450 66.00 % 9,537 — — — 9,537 — 61.53 % — — — — — 70,402 40.00 % 28,161 — — — 28,161 129 49.00 % 63 — — — 63 53 55.00 % 29 — — — 29 57,469 40.00 % 22,988 — — 54 23,042 40,177 50.00 % 20,088 — — — 20,088 32,090 50.00 % 16,045 — — — 16,045 4,606 40.00 % 1,842 — — — 1,842 190,551 75.20 % 143,294 — — — 143,294 41,594 12.50 % 5,199 — — (5,199 ) — 7,338 30.00 % 2,202 — — — 2,202 48,093 40.00 % 19,237 — — — 19,237 415,910 40.00 % 166,364 — — (34 ) 166,330 26,510 40.00 % 10,604 — — — 10,604 198,123 40.00 % 79,249 — (79,249 ) — — 10,206 40.00 % 4,082 — — — 4,082 507,916 40.00 % 203,166 130,726 — (65,870 ) 268,022 5,503 45.00 % 2,476 — — — 2,476 11,445 25.00 % 2,861 — — 10 2,871 354,929 49.00 % 173,915 — — — 173,915 23,315 49.00 % 11,424 — — — 11,424 860 29.00 % 249 — — — 249 6,426 29.00 % 1,863 — — — 1,863 19,009 50.00 % 9,504 4,733 — — 14,237 19,408 49.00 % 9,510 — — — 9,510 8,287 49.90 % 4,135 — — — 4,135 185,525 60.00 % 111,315 — — — 111,315 9,329 51.00 % 4,758 — — — 4,758 92,190 40.00 % 36,876 2,226 — — 39,102 6,368 30.00 % 1,910 23 — — 1,933 21,659 43.57 % 9,437 972 — — 10,409 1,019 65.00 % 663 3,517 — — 4,180 1,034 35.00 % 361 — — — 361 1,548 29.00 % 449 — — — 449 1,221 34.00 % 415 — — — 415
(6) | As of December 31, 2013, there is no unrecognized equity interest |
(7) | As of December 31, 2013, shareholders’ agreements on investments in associates and joint ventures that may cause future economic costs or cash outflows are as follows: |
(i) | Gemeng International Energy Co., Ltd. |
KEPCO Shanxi International Ltd., a consolidated subsidiary of the Company, established a consortium with two other investors, Deutsche Capital Hong Kong Limited and Shanxi International Energy Company Co.,
Ltd. with the Company’s percentage of ownership of the consortium being 34%. This consortium, in order for business in Chinese power generating industry, established Gemeng International Energy Co., Ltd., which is an associate of the Company with the Company’s percentage of ownership being 34%. KEPCO Shanxi International Ltd. has entered into an agreement(“Put Option”) that if Gemeng International Co., Ltd. fails to be listed within 5 years after the initial capital paid in, Deutsche Capital Hong Kong Limited can require KEPCO Shanxi International Ltd. to acquire or recommend 3rd party to acquire its own investment in Gemeng International Co., Ltd. at the investment principal of USD 106,861,924 with an interest of 3M Libor-0.25% during the period from July 10, 2012 to July 9, 2014. However, Put Option Extension Agreement has changed this period; June 19, 2014 to July 9, 2014, and as of December 31, 2013, the Company guarantees this Put Option Agreement.
(ii) | Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd. |
Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd., issued put options on preferred stock to its financial investors. An agreement was made between financial investors and shareholders that if Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd., the first obligator, fails to accept the put options when exercised, all shareholders of Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd., should fulfill their obligation as the second obligators and acquire the preferred stock from financial investors in proportion to each shareholder’s percentage of ownership up to ₩4,050 million.
(iii) | Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. |
As of December 31, 2013, Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd., an associate of the Company, which engages in the integrated energy business, carries long-term borrowings for project financing amounting to ₩450 billion from Korea Development Bank and others.
Related to the above project financing, NH Power II Co., Ltd. and Daewoo Securities Co., Ltd., has entered into an agreement with Yeocheon TPL Co., Ltd. to acquire shares in Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. held by Yeocheon TPL Co., Ltd. The Company had placed guarantees for a fixed return on investment to the financial institutions and had obtained the rights to acquire the investment securities in return preferentially.
In addition, NH Power II Co., Ltd. and Daewoo Securities Co., Ltd. have a right, which can be exercised for 30 days starting from 2 months to 1 month prior to 17 years after the termination date of contract to sell their shares to the Company. If dividends to shareholders exceed annual revenue, the exceeding amount shall be evenly distributed to Yeocheon TPL Co., Ltd. and the Company.
(iv) | Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd. |
In case non-controlling shareholders decide to dispose of their shares in Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd. after the warrant period of defect repair for wind power generator has expired, the Company is obligated to acquire those shares at fair value. The acquisition is to be made after the conditions of the acquisition are discussed among the parties involved, with the careful consideration of various factors such as financial status and business situation.
(v) | Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. |
In case non-controlling shareholders decide to dispose of their shares in Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. after commercial operation of the power plant has started, the Company is obligated to acquire those shares at fair value. The acquisition is to be made after the conditions of the acquisition are discussed among the parties involved, with the careful consideration of various factors such as financial status and business situation.
(vi) | Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. |
All shareholders of Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. except for POSCO Construction Co., Ltd., have agreed to acquire the shares held by POSCO Construction Co., Ltd. This acquisition shall be made at issuance price of the share in proportion to each shareholder’s percentage of ownership within two months after
the completion of EPC construction. In connection with this agreement, the company, one of the shareholders of Daeryun Power Co., Ltd., is obligated to acquire 1,210,772 shares of POSCO Construction Co., Ltd.’s investment, which amounts to ₩6,054 million. In case of a merger of Daeryun Power Co., Ltd., remaining shareholders are obligated to pay the dissident shareholders’ share for their purchased price.
(vii) | Jeongam Wind Power Co., Ltd. |
In case non-controlling shareholders except for financial investors decide to dispose of their shares in Jeongam Wind Power Co., Ltd. after the construction of the power plant has been completed, the Company is obligated to acquire those shares at fair value.
(viii) | Daejung Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd. |
In case Samsung Heavy Industries Co., Ltd., a co-participant of the joint venture agreement, decides to dispose of its shares in Daejung Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd., the Company is obligated to acquire those shares after evaluating the economic feasibility of the facilities installed by Samsung Heavy Industries Co., Ltd.
(ix) | Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. |
In case financial investors decide to dispose of their shares in Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. 5 years after the commencement of commercial operation of the power plant, the Company is obligated to acquire those shares at fair value.
(x) | DS Power Co., Ltd. |
The Company has a right to sell all shares and bonds of DS POWER Co., Ltd to Daesung Industrial Co., Ltd and Daesung Industrial Co., Ltd. or an authoritative person appointed by Daesung Industrial Co., Ltd.
(8) | Significant restrictions on its abilities to associates or joint ventures are as follows: |
Company | Nature and extent of any significant restrictions | |
KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd. | The company has stopped its operation in Nigeria due to an ongoing litigation and payment or retrieval of investments, loans and advances are restricted until the legal dispute is resolved. | |
KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd. | The company has stopped its operation in Nigeria due to an ongoing litigation and payment or retrieval of investments, loans and advances are restricted until the legal dispute is resolved. | |
Dolphin Property Limited | The company has stopped its operation in Nigeria due to an ongoing litigation and payment or retrieval of investments, loans and advances are restricted until the legal dispute is resolved. | |
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. | Principals on subordinated loans or dividends can only be paid to shareholders when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or prior written consent of a financial institution is obtained. | |
Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Principals on subordinated loans or dividends can only be paid to shareholders when all conditions of the loan agreement are satisfied or prior written consent of a financial institution is obtained. | |
Busan Solar Co., Ltd. | Dividends cannot be declared or paid without the prior written consent of an agency, Consus Asset Management Co., Ltd. based on the loan agreement until the principal of a loan is paid off in full. | |
Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Financial institutions can reject or defer an approval with regard to the request for fund executions on subordinated loans of shareholders in order to pay senior loans based on the loan agreement. | |
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. | Only if the condition is met with the loan agreement signed by financial institutions, the investors of subordinated credit facility loans can receive payments of principal and interest and dividend. Korea Exchange Bank, the deputy, permits the amount of the payments and dividend. | |
KS Solar Corp. Ltd. | Dividends can only be paid to shareholders when all conditions of a loan agreement are satisfied. | |
Jeonnam Solar Co., Ltd. | Dividends can only be paid to shareholders when all conditions of a loan agreement are satisfied. |
18. |
(1) Property, plant and equipment as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 are as follows (KRW in millions):
(1) | Property, plant and equipment as of December 31, 2012 and 2013 are as follows: |
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2012 | Acquisition cost | Government grants | Accumulated depreciation | Accumulated impairment losses(*) | Book value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition cost | Government grants | Accumulated depreciation | Accumulated impairment losses (*1) | Book value | In millions of won | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Land | ₩ | 13,504,739 | ₩ | (3,106 | ) | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | 13,501,633 | ₩ | 13,504,739 | (3,106 | ) | — | — | 13,501,633 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buildings | 12,093,805 | (44,387 | ) | (3,538,059 | ) | (853 | ) | 8,510,506 | 12,093,805 | (44,387 | ) | (3,538,059 | ) | (853 | ) | 8,510,506 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Structures | 49,877,698 | (177,173 | ) | (12,462,959 | ) | (1,183 | ) | 37,236,383 | 49,877,698 | (177,173 | ) | (12,462,959 | ) | (1,183 | ) | 37,236,383 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Machinery | 42,782,904 | (105,112 | ) | (10,087,349 | ) | (11,229 | ) | 32,579,214 | 42,782,904 | (105,112 | ) | (10,087,349 | ) | (11,229 | ) | 32,579,214 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ships | 5,011 | — | (3,225 | ) | — | 1,786 | 5,011 | — | (3,225 | ) | — | 1,786 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vehicles | 173,373 | (128 | ) | (136,128 | ) | — | 37,117 | 173,373 | (128 | ) | (136,128 | ) | — | 37,117 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equipment | 801,679 | (922 | ) | (618,524 | ) | — | 182,233 | 801,679 | (922 | ) | (618,524 | ) | — | 182,233 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tools | 659,851 | (192 | ) | (537,720 | ) | — | 121,939 | 659,851 | (192 | ) | (537,720 | ) | — | 121,939 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction in- progress | 21,279,062 | (94,676 | ) | — | — | 21,184,386 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction-in- progress | 21,279,062 | (94,676 | ) | — | — | 21,184,386 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finance lease assets | 2,385,238 | — | (1,521,561 | ) | — | 863,677 | 2,385,238 | — | (1,521,561 | ) | — | 863,677 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset retirement costs | 7,720,913 | — | (1,757,747 | ) | — | 5,963,166 | 7,720,913 | — | (1,757,747 | ) | — | 5,963,166 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 7,286,289 | — | (5,092,189 | ) | — | 2,194,100 | 7,286,289 | — | (5,092,189 | ) | — | 2,194,100 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 158,570,562 | ₩ | (425,696 | ) | ₩ | (35,755,461 | ) | ₩ | (13,265 | ) | ₩ | 122,376,140 | ₩ | 158,570,562 | (425,696 | ) | (35,755,461 | ) | (13,265 | ) | 122,376,140 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2011 | Acquisition cost | Government grants | Accumulated depreciation | Accumulated impairment losses(*) | Book value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition cost | Government grants | Accumulated depreciation | Accumulated impairment losses (*1) | Book value | In millions of won | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Land | ₩ | 13,161,848 | ₩ | (3,106 | ) | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | 13,158,742 | ₩ | 13,784,026 | (3,137 | ) | — | — | 13,780,889 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buildings | 11,176,328 | (46,097 | ) | (2,976,955 | ) | (853 | ) | 8,152,423 | 12,672,055 | (45,396 | ) | (4,121,506 | ) | (852 | ) | 8,504,301 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Structures | 47,437,594 | (170,474 | ) | (10,737,933 | ) | (1,183 | ) | 36,528,004 | 52,080,007 | (193,189 | ) | (14,259,717 | ) | (1,183 | ) | 37,625,918 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Machinery | 36,967,714 | (97,725 | ) | (6,847,662 | ) | (11,229 | ) | 30,011,098 | 47,073,366 | (101,808 | ) | (13,297,596 | ) | (46,231 | ) | 33,627,731 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ships | 4,199 | — | (2,959 | ) | — | 1,240 | 5,014 | — | (3,592 | ) | — | 1,422 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vehicles | 166,188 | (2 | ) | (127,969 | ) | — | 38,217 | 195,045 | (83 | ) | (149,326 | ) | — | 45,636 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equipment | 700,265 | (301 | ) | (527,506 | ) | — | 172,458 | 866,999 | (707 | ) | (679,842 | ) | — | 186,450 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tools | 609,581 | (448 | ) | (492,678 | ) | — | 116,455 | 716,749 | (312 | ) | (577,085 | ) | — | 139,352 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction in-progress | 20,001,400 | (89,600 | ) | — | — | 19,911,800 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction-in- progress | 27,452,032 | (117,728 | ) | — | — | 27,334,304 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finance lease assets | 2,385,276 | — | (1,393,076 | ) | — | 992,200 | 2,385,231 | — | (1,650,046 | ) | — | 735,185 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset retirement costs | 3,369,869 | — | (1,644,423 | ) | — | 1,725,446 | 7,787,832 | — | (2,133,236 | ) | — | 5,654,596 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 6,117,233 | — | (4,540,435 | ) | — | 1,576,798 | 7,679,146 | — | (5,677,334 | ) | — | 2,001,812 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 142,097,495 | ₩ | (407,753 | ) | ₩ | (29,291,596 | ) | ₩ | (13,265 | ) | ₩ | 112,384,881 | ₩ | 172,697,502 | (462,360 | ) | (42,549,280 | ) | (48,266 | ) | 129,637,596 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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(* | The Company separately recognizes impairment loss on each asset, |
(2) | Changes in property, plant and equipment for the years ended December 31, 2012 and |
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | Beginning balance | Acquisition | Disposal | Depreciation | Others | Ending balance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jan. 1, 2012 | Acquisition | Disposal | Depreciation | Others | Dec. 31, 2012 | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Land | 13,158,742 | 151,350 | (3,580 | ) | — | 195,121 | 13,501,633 | ₩ | 13,161,848 | 151,350 | (3,580 | ) | — | 195,121 | 13,504,739 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (3,106 | ) | — | — | — | — | (3,106 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buildings | 8,152,423 | 12,350 | (7,055 | ) | (560,069 | ) | 912,857 | 8,510,506 | 8,198,520 | 12,350 | (7,055 | ) | (563,782 | ) | 914,860 | 8,554,893 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (46,097 | ) | — | — | 3,713 | (2,003 | ) | (44,387 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Structures | 36,528,004 | 712 | (297,660 | ) | (1,883,418 | ) | 2,888,745 | 37,236,383 | 36,698,478 | 712 | (299,053 | ) | (1,891,978 | ) | 2,905,398 | 37,413,557 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (170,474 | ) | — | 1,393 | 8,560 | (16,653 | ) | (177,174 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Machinery | 30,011,098 | 352,216 | (101,987 | ) | (3,328,844 | ) | 5,646,731 | 32,579,214 | 30,108,823 | 352,216 | (102,347 | ) | (3,338,006 | ) | 5,663,640 | 32,684,326 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (97,725 | ) | — | 360 | 9,162 | (16,909 | ) | (105,112 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ships | 1,240 | — | (6 | ) | (294 | ) | 846 | 1,786 | 1,240 | — | (6 | ) | (294 | ) | 846 | 1,786 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vehicles | 38,217 | 3,526 | (49 | ) | (16,701 | ) | 12,124 | 37,117 | 38,219 | 3,526 | (49 | ) | (16,747 | ) | 12,296 | 37,245 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (2 | ) | — | — | 46 | (172 | ) | (128 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equipment | 172,458 | 43,291 | (760 | ) | (86,330 | ) | 53,574 | 182,233 | 172,759 | 43,291 | (760 | ) | (86,574 | ) | 54,440 | 183,156 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (301 | ) | — | — | 244 | (866 | ) | (923 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tools | 116,455 | 26,159 | (78 | ) | (54,655 | ) | 34,058 | 121,939 | 116,903 | 26,159 | (78 | ) | (54,910 | ) | 34,058 | 122,132 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction in-progress | 19,911,800 | 10,841,215 | — | — | (9,568,629 | ) | 21,184,386 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (448 | ) | — | — | 255 | — | (193 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction-in-progress | 20,001,400 | 10,846,629 | — | — | (9,568,970 | ) | 21,279,059 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (89,600 | ) | (5,414 | ) | — | — | 341 | (94,673 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finance lease assets | 992,200 | — | — | (128,451 | ) | (72 | ) | 863,677 | 992,200 | — | — | (128,451 | ) | (72 | ) | 863,677 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset retirement costs | 1,725,446 | — | — | (291,867 | ) | 4,529,587 | 5,963,166 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset retirement cost | 1,725,446 | — | — | (291,867 | ) | 4,529,587 | 5,963,166 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 1,576,798 | 16,015 | — | (551,747 | ) | 1,153,034 | 2,194,100 | 1,576,798 | 16,015 | — | (551,747 | ) | 1,153,034 | 2,194,100 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 112,384,881 | ₩ | 11,446,834 | ₩ | (411,175 | ) | ₩ | (6,902,376 | ) | ₩ | 5,857,976 | ₩ | 122,376,140 | ₩ | 112,384,881 | 11,446,834 | (411,175 | ) | (6,902,376 | ) | 5,857,976 | 122,376,140 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | Beginning balance | Acquisition | Disposal | Depreciation | Others | Ending balance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jan. 1, 2011 | Acquisition | Disposal | Depreciation | Others | Dec. 31, 2011 | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Land | ₩ | 12,891,197 | ₩ | 53,250 | ₩ | (11,872 | ) | ₩ | — | ₩ | 226,167 | ₩ | 13,158,742 | ₩ | 13,504,739 | 23,651 | (60,971 | ) | — | 316,607 | 13,784,026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (3,106 | ) | — | — | — | (31 | ) | (3,137 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buildings | 7,960,040 | 75,970 | (10,505 | ) | (637,947 | ) | 764,865 | 8,152,423 | 8,554,893 | 10,009 | (21,296 | ) | (583,106 | ) | 589,197 | 8,549,697 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (44,387 | ) | — | — | 3,943 | (4,952 | ) | (45,396 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Structures | 35,201,618 | 55,187 | (313,009 | ) | (1,768,899 | ) | 3,353,107 | 36,528,004 | 37,413,557 | 2,645 | (194,106 | ) | (1,967,475 | ) | 2,564,487 | 37,819,108 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (177,174 | ) | — | 1,733 | 8,389 | (26,138 | ) | (193,190 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Machinery | 27,803,335 | 754,350 | (200,053 | ) | (3,244,487 | ) | 4,897,953 | 30,011,098 | 32,684,326 | 343,445 | (135,269 | ) | (3,334,480 | ) | 4,171,517 | 33,729,539 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (105,112 | ) | — | 376 | 9,507 | (6,579 | ) | (101,808 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ships | 1,519 | — | — | (279 | ) | — | 1,240 | 1,786 | — | — | (367 | ) | 3 | 1,422 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vehicles | 39,069 | 3,379 | (123 | ) | (15,066 | ) | 10,958 | 38,217 | 37,245 | 2,579 | (111 | ) | (18,653 | ) | 24,659 | 45,719 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (128 | ) | — | — | 45 | — | (83 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equipment | 158,606 | 51,023 | (127 | ) | (70,595 | ) | 33,551 | 172,458 | 183,156 | 45,087 | (200 | ) | (87,040 | ) | 46,155 | 187,158 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (923 | ) | — | — | 311 | (96 | ) | (708 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tools | 116,556 | 31,505 | (119 | ) | (49,065 | ) | 17,578 | 116,455 | 122,132 | 31,234 | (226 | ) | (56,143 | ) | 42,668 | 139,665 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction in-progress | 19,253,378 | 9,564,163 | — | — | (8,905,741 | ) | 19,911,800 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (193 | ) | — | — | 155 | (275 | ) | (313 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction-in-progress | 21,279,059 | 13,888,637 | (1,515 | ) | — | (7,714,152 | ) | 27,452,029 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (94,673 | ) | (48,721 | ) | — | — | 25,669 | (117,725 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finance lease assets | 1,120,405 | 5,894 | — | (151,305 | ) | 17,206 | 992,200 | 863,677 | — | (7,456 | ) | (133,133 | ) | 12,097 | 735,185 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset retirement costs | 1,740,922 | — | — | (92,140 | ) | 76,664 | 1,725,446 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset retirement cost | 5,963,166 | — | — | (559,624 | ) | 251,054 | 5,654,596 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 1,119,821 | 15,681 | (6 | ) | (751,951 | ) | 1,193,253 | 1,576,798 | 2,194,100 | 7,531 | (128 | ) | (585,418 | ) | 385,727 | 2,001,812 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 107,406,466 | ₩ | 10,610,402 | ₩ | (535,814 | ) | ₩ | (6,781,734 | ) | ₩ | 1,685,561 | ₩ | 112,384,881 | ₩ | 122,376,140 | 14,306,097 | (419,169 | ) | (7,303,089 | ) | 677,617 | 129,637,596 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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19. |
(1) | Investment properties as of December 31, 2012 and |
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2012 | Acquisition cost | Government grants | Accumulated depreciation | Accumulated impairment losses | Book value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition cost | Government grants | Accumulated amortization | Accumulated impairment losses | Book value | In millions of won | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Land | ₩ | 564,195 | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | 564,195 | ₩ | 564,195 | — | — | — | 564,195 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Building | 42,460 | (243 | ) | (16,189 | ) | — | 26,028 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buildings | 42,460 | (243 | ) | (16,189 | ) | — | 26,028 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 606,655 | ₩ | (243 | ) | ₩ | (16,189 | ) | ₩ | — | ₩ | 590,223 | ₩ | 606,655 | (243 | ) | (16,189 | ) | — | 590,223 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2011 | Acquisition cost | Government grants | Accumulated depreciation | Accumulated impairment losses | Book value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition cost | Government grants | Accumulated amortization | Accumulated impairment losses | Book value | In millions of won | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Land | ₩ | 498,280 | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | 498,280 | ₩ | 516,440 | — | — | — | 516,440 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Building | 29,909 | (246 | ) | (10,794 | ) | — | 18,869 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buildings | 37,120 | (13 | ) | (15,220 | ) | — | 21,887 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 528,189 | ₩ | (246 | ) | ₩ | (10,794 | ) | ₩ | — | ₩ | 517,149 | ₩ | 553,560 | (13 | ) | (15,220 | ) | — | 538,327 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(2) | Changes in investment properties for the years ended December 31, 2012 and |
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | Beginning balance | Acquisition | Disposal | Depreciation | Impairment | Others | Ending balance | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jan. 01, 2012 | Acquisition | Disposal | Depreciation | Impairment | Others | Dec. 31, 2012 | In millions of won | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Land | ₩ | 498,280 | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | 65,915 | ₩ | 564,195 | ₩ | 498,280 | — | — | — | — | 65,915 | 564,195 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buildings | 18,869 | — | — | (974 | ) | — | 8,133 | 26,028 | 19,115 | — | — | (981 | ) | — | 8,136 | 26,270 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (246 | ) | — | — | 7 | — | (3 | ) | (242 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 517,149 | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | (974 | ) | ₩ | — | ₩ | 74,048 | ₩ | 590,223 | ₩ | 517,149 | — | — | (974 | ) | — | 74,048 | 590,223 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | Beginning balance | Acquisition | Disposal | Depreciation | Impairment | Others | Ending balance | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jan. 01, 2011 | Acquisition | Disposal | Depreciation | Impairment | Others | Dec. 31, 2011 | In millions of won | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Land | ₩ | 507,170 | ₩ | — | ₩ | (63 | ) | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | (8,827 | ) | ₩ | 498,280 | ₩ | 564,195 | — | — | — | — | (47,755 | ) | 516,440 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buildings | 25,996 | — | (942 | ) | (927 | ) | — | (5,258 | ) | 18,869 | 26,270 | — | — | (911 | ) | — | (3,460 | ) | 21,899 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (242 | ) | — | — | 3 | — | 227 | (12 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 533,166 | ₩ | — | ₩ | (1,005 | ) | ₩ | (927 | ) | ₩ | — | ₩ | (14,085 | ) | ₩ | 517,149 | ₩ | 590,223 | — | — | (908 | ) | — | (50,988 | ) | 538,327 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(3) | Income and expenses related to investment properties for the |
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Rent income | ₩ | 10,365 | ₩ | 8,639 | ||||
Operating and maintenance expenses (related to investment property which incurs rental income) | (974 | ) | (927 | ) | ||||
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₩ | 9,391 | ₩ | 7,712 | |||||
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2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||
Rental income | ₩ | 10,365 | 8,517 | |||||||||
Operating and maintenance expenses | (974 | ) | (908 | ) | ||||||||
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₩ | 9,391 | 7,609 | ||||||||||
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(4) |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | Book value | Fair value | Book value | Fair value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Book value | Fair value | Book value | Fair value | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Land | ₩ | 564,195 | ₩ | 596,197 | ₩ | 498,280 | ₩ | 529,532 | ₩ | 564,195 | 596,197 | 516,440 | 541,564 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Buildings | 26,028 | 26,918 | 18,869 | 18,067 | 26,028 | 26,918 | 21,887 | 22,680 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 590,223 | ₩ | 623,115 | ₩ | 517,149 | ₩ | 547,599 | ₩ | 590,223 | 623,115 | 538,327 | 564,244 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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As of January 1, 2010, the Company assessed the fair value of its’ investment property using an independent third party. The independent third party has adequate experiences and qualifications to assess investment properties in Republic of Korea. The independent third party used benchmarking methods considering the economic value and similar other properties in the market. Valuation techniques used conform to the International Valuation Standards, based on both the income and market valuation approach. The fair values of the investment properties as of the reporting date were determined in consideration of the fluctuation on the publicly notified individual land price after the IFRS conversionadoption date.
(5) | All of the Company’s investment property is held under freehold interests. |
20. | Construction Services Contracts |
(1) | Changes in balance of construction service contracts for the years ended December 31, 2012 and |
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | Beginning balance | Increase and decrease(*) | Recognized revenue | Ending balance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jan. 1, 2012 | Increase and decrease (*1) | Recognized revenue | Dec. 31, 2012 | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nuclear power plant construction in UAE | ₩ | 22,689,640 | ₩ | (839,900 | ) | ₩ | (1,490,055 | ) | ₩ | 20,359,685 | ₩ | 22,689,640 | (839,900 | ) | (1,490,055 | ) | 20,359,685 | |||||||||||||||||||
Kazakhstan EPC and others | 864,937 | 108,283 | (365,990 | ) | 607,230 | 864,937 | 108,283 | (365,990 | ) | 607,230 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 23,554,577 | ₩ | (731,617 | ) | ₩ | (1,856,045 | ) | ₩ | 20,966,915 | ₩ | 23,554,577 | (731,617 | ) | (1,856,045 | ) | 20,966,915 | ||||||||||||||||||||
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(* |
2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | Beginning balance | Increase and decrease(*) | Recognized revenue | Ending balance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jan. 1, 2011 | Increase and decrease (*1) | Recognized revenue | Dec. 31, 2011 | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nuclear power plant construction in UAE | ₩ | 23,857,073 | ₩ | — | ₩ | (1,167,433 | ) | ₩ | 22,689,640 | ₩ | 20,359,685 | (135,311 | ) | (1,701,963 | ) | 18,522,411 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Kazakhstan EPC and others | 573,014 | 579,622 | (287,699 | ) | 864,937 | 607,230 | 754,895 | (551,120 | ) | 811,005 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 24,430,087 | ₩ | 579,622 | ₩ | (1,455,132 | ) | ₩ | 23,554,577 | ₩ | 20,966,915 | 619,584 | (2,253,083 | ) | 19,333,416 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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(* |
(2) | Accumulated earned revenue, expense and others related to the Company’s construction as of December 31, 2012 and |
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | Accumulated earned revenue | Accumulated expense | Accumulated profit | Unearned advance receipts | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accumulated earned revenue | Accumulated expense | Accumulated profit | Unearned advance receipts | Retention | In millions of won | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nuclear power plant construction in UAE | ₩ | 3,258,857 | ₩ | 3,090,859 | ₩ | 167,998 | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | 3,258,857 | 3,090,859 | 167,998 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kazakhstan EPC and others | 629,980 | 592,340 | 37,640 | 541 | — | 629,980 | 592,340 | 37,640 | 541 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 3,888,837 | ₩ | 3,683,199 | ₩ | 205,638 | ₩ | 541 | ₩ | — | ₩ | 3,888,837 | 3,683,199 | 205,638 | 541 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | Accumulated earned revenue | Accumulated expense | Accumulated profit | Unearned advance receipts | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accumulated earned revenue | Accumulated expense | Accumulated profit | Unearned advance receipts | Retention | In millions of won | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nuclear power plant construction in UAE | ₩ | 1,768,802 | ₩ | 1,739,023 | ₩ | 29,779 | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | 4,960,820 | 4,708,008 | 252,812 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kazakhstan EPC and others | 399,549 | 364,150 | 35,399 | 4,289 | �� | — | 1,087,779 | 1,024,156 | 63,623 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 2,168,351 | ₩ | 2,103,173 | ₩ | 65,178 | ₩ | 4,289 | ₩ | — | ₩ | 6,048,599 | 5,732,164 | 316,435 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(3) |
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | |||||||||||||||
Assets (*1) | Liabilities (*2) | Assets (*1) | Liabilities (*2) | |||||||||||||
Nuclear power plant construction in UAE | ₩ | — | ₩ | 464,489 | ₩ | — | ₩ | 320,612 | ||||||||
Kazakhstan EPC and others | 136,760 | 11,085 | 37,301 | 16,926 | ||||||||||||
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₩ | 136,760 | ₩ | 475,574 | ₩ | 37,301 | ₩ | 337,538 | |||||||||
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(*1) Accounted for as accounts receivable in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
(*2) Accounted for as non-financial liabilities in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
Assets(*1) | Liabilities(*2) | Assets(*1) | Liabilities(*2) | |||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
Nuclear power plant construction in UAE | ₩ | — | 464,489 | — | 812,642 | |||||||||||||||
Kazakhstan EPC and Others | 136,760 | 11,085 | 98,726 | 30,907 | ||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 136,760 | 475,574 | 98,726 | 843,549 | ||||||||||||||||
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Included in trade and other receivables, net, in the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position. |
Included in non-financial liabilities in the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position. |
21. | Intangible Assets other than Goodwill |
(1) | Intangible assets as of December 31, 2012 and |
Dec. 31, 2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition cost | Government grants | Accumulated amortization | Accumulated impairment losses | Book value | ||||||||||||||||
Software | ₩ | 319,044 | ₩ | (198 | ) | ₩ | (235,675 | ) | ₩ | — | ₩ | 83,171 | ||||||||
Licences and franchises | 3,398 | — | (2,554 | ) | — | 844 | ||||||||||||||
Copyrights, patents rights and other industrial rights | 20,621 | — | (4,140 | ) | — | 16,481 | ||||||||||||||
Mining rights | 530,169 | — | (4,363 | ) | — | 525,806 | ||||||||||||||
Development expenses | 691,918 | (12,371 | ) | (611,229 | ) | — | 68,318 | |||||||||||||
Intangible assets under development | 44,316 | (7,305 | ) | — | — | 37,011 | ||||||||||||||
Usage rights of donated assets and other | 372,145 | (64 | ) | (299,802 | ) | — | 72,279 | |||||||||||||
Leasehold rights | 19,112 | — | (18,265 | ) | — | 847 | ||||||||||||||
Others | 148,738 | (1 | ) | (57,244 | ) | (12,436 | ) | 79,057 | ||||||||||||
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₩ | 2,149,461 | ₩ | (19,939 | ) | ₩ | (1,233,272 | ) | ₩ | (12,436 | ) | ₩ | 883,814 | ||||||||
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2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2011 | Acquisition cost | Government grants | Accumulated amortization | Accumulated impairment losses | Book value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition cost | Government grants | Accumulated amortization | Accumulated impairment losses | Book value | In millions of won | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Software | ₩ | 290,847 | ₩ | (409 | ) | ₩ | (197,367 | ) | ₩ | — | ₩ | 93,071 | ₩ | 319,044 | (198 | ) | (235,675 | ) | — | 83,171 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Licences and franchises | 3,398 | — | (1,911 | ) | — | 1,487 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Licenses and franchises | 3,398 | — | (2,554 | ) | — | 844 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Copyrights, patents rights and other industrial rights | 6,816 | — | (2,741 | ) | — | 4,075 | 20,621 | — | (4,140 | ) | — | 16,481 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mining rights | 470,958 | — | (76 | ) | — | 470,882 | 530,169 | — | (4,363 | ) | — | 525,806 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Development expenses | 655,222 | (11,653 | ) | (571,061 | ) | — | 72,508 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Development expenditures | 691,918 | (12,371 | ) | (611,229 | ) | — | 68,318 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets under development | 56,556 | (10,653 | ) | — | — | 45,903 | 44,316 | (7,305 | ) | — | — | 37,011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Usage rights of donated assets and other | 278,919 | (75 | ) | (198,865 | ) | — | 79,979 | 372,145 | (64 | ) | (299,802 | ) | — | 72,279 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Leasehold rights | 19,112 | — | (18,232 | ) | — | 880 | 19,112 | — | (18,265 | ) | — | 847 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 141,604 | (16 | ) | (49,786 | ) | (11,878 | ) | 79,924 | 148,738 | (1 | ) | (57,244 | ) | (12,436 | ) | 79,057 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 1,923,432 | ₩ | (22,806 | ) | ₩ | (1,040,039 | ) | ₩ | (11,878 | ) | ₩ | 848,709 | ₩ | 2,149,461 | (19,939 | ) | (1,233,272 | ) | (12,436 | ) | 883,814 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition cost | Government grants | Accumulated amortization | Accumulated impairment losses | Book value | ||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Software | ₩ | 335,489 | (428 | ) | (269,740 | ) | — | 65,321 | ||||||||||||||||
Licenses and franchises | 3,398 | — | (3,190 | ) | — | 208 | ||||||||||||||||||
Copyrights, patents rights and other industrial rights | 31,218 | — | (6,265 | ) | — | 24,953 | ||||||||||||||||||
Mining rights | 476,844 | — | (6,286 | ) | — | 470,558 | ||||||||||||||||||
Development expenditures | 722,082 | (11,705 | ) | (645,928 | ) | — | 64,449 | |||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets under development | 52,050 | (7,792 | ) | — | — | 44,258 | ||||||||||||||||||
Usage rights of donated assets and other | 373,376 | (53 | ) | (308,666 | ) | — | 64,657 | |||||||||||||||||
Leasehold rights | 19,112 | — | (18,300 | ) | — | 812 | ||||||||||||||||||
Others | 152,917 | (1 | ) | (64,889 | ) | (12,579 | ) | 75,448 | ||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 2,166,486 | (19,979 | ) | (1,323,264 | ) | (12,579 | ) | 810,664 | ||||||||||||||||
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(2) | Changes in intangible assets for |
Jan. 1, 2012 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition | Disposal | Amortization | Impairment | Others | Dec. 31, 2012 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Software | 93,071 | 7,214 | (3 | ) | (38,548 | ) | — | 21,437 | 83,171 | |||||||||||||||||||
Licenses and franchises | 1,487 | — | — | (643 | ) | — | — | 844 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Copyrights, patents rights and other industrial rights | 4,075 | 2,356 | (294 | ) | (634 | ) | (6 | ) | 10,984 | 16,481 | ||||||||||||||||||
Mining rights | 470,882 | 22,510 | — | (4,188 | ) | — | 36,602 | 525,806 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Development expenses | 72,508 | 2,463 | — | (33,621 | ) | — | 26,968 | 68,318 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets under development | 45,903 | 28,580 | — | — | (13 | ) | (37,459 | ) | 37,011 | |||||||||||||||||||
Usage rights of donated assets and other | 79,979 | — | — | (8,812 | ) | — | 1,112 | 72,279 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Leasehold rights | 880 | — | — | (34 | ) | — | 1 | 847 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 79,924 | 4,592 | (2,311 | ) | (6,880 | ) | (440 | ) | 4,172 | 79,057 | ||||||||||||||||||
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848,709 | 67,715 | (2,608 | ) | (93,360 | ) | (459 | ) | 63,817 | 883,814 | |||||||||||||||||||
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Software Licenses and franchises Copyrights, patents rights and other industrial rights Mining rights Development expenses Intangible assets under development Usage rights of donated assets and other Leasehold rights Others Jan. 1,
2011 2011 Acquisition Disposal Amortization Impairment Others Dec. 31,
2011 ₩ 76,256 ₩ 9,979 ₩ (23 ) ₩ (34,093 ) ₩ — ₩ 40,952 ₩ 93,071 2,130 — — (643 ) — — 1,487 1,700 201 (5 ) (373 ) — 2,552 4,075 464,587 — — — — 6,295 470,882 82,725 636 — (40,023 ) — 29,170 72,508 12,257 29,018 — — — 4,628 45,903 93,628 — — (13,602 ) — (47 ) 79,979 917 — — (37 ) — — 880 188,936 2,765 (445 ) (5,958 ) (221 ) (105,153 ) 79,924 ₩ 923,136 ₩ 42,599 ₩ (473 ) ₩ (94,729 ) ₩ (221 ) ₩ (21,603 ) ₩ 848,709
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning balance | Acquisition | Disposal | Amortization | Impairment | Others | Ending balance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Software | ₩ | 93,480 | 7,214 | (3 | ) | (38,812 | ) | — | 21,491 | 83,370 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (409 | ) | — | — | 264 | — | (54 | ) | (199 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Licenses and franchises | 1,487 | — | — | (643 | ) | — | — | 844 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Copyrights, patents rights and other industrial rights | 4,075 | 2,356 | (294 | ) | (634 | ) | (6 | ) | 10,984 | 16,481 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Mining rights | 470,882 | 22,510 | — | (4,188 | ) | — | 36,602 | 525,806 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Development expenditures | 84,161 | 2,463 | — | (39,016 | ) | — | 33,081 | 80,689 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (11,653 | ) | — | — | 5,395 | — | (6,113 | ) | (12,371 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets under development | 56,556 | 31,906 | — | — | (13 | ) | (44,133 | ) | 44,316 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (10,653 | ) | (3,326 | ) | — | — | — | 6,674 | (7,305 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Usage rights of donated assets and other | 80,054 | — | — | (8,955 | ) | — | 1,244 | 72,343 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (75 | ) | — | — | 143 | — | (132 | ) | (64 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Leasehold rights | 880 | — | — | (34 | ) | — | 1 | 847 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 79,925 | 4,592 | (2,311 | ) | (6,883 | ) | (440 | ) | 4,175 | 79,058 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (1 | ) | — | — | 3 | — | (3 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 848,709 | 67,715 | (2,608 | ) | (93,360 | ) | (459 | ) | 63,817 | 883,814 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning balance | Acquisition | Disposal | Amortization | Impairment | Others | Ending balance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Software | ₩ | 83,370 | 12,311 | — | (39,419 | ) | — | 9,489 | 65,751 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (199 | ) | — | — | 160 | — | (391 | ) | (430 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Licenses and franchises | 844 | — | — | (636 | ) | — | — | 208 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Copyrights, patents rights and other industrial rights | 16,481 | 587 | (1 | ) | (2,130 | ) | — | 10,016 | 24,953 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Mining rights | 525,806 | 27,429 | — | (1,698 | ) | — | (80,979 | ) | 470,558 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Development expenditures | 80,689 | 651 | — | (34,892 | ) | — | 29,706 | 76,154 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (12,371 | ) | — | — | 5,686 | — | (5,020 | ) | (11,705 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets under development | 44,316 | 30,608 | — | — | (4 | ) | (22,870 | ) | 52,050 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (7,305 | ) | (5,845 | ) | — | — | — | 5,358 | (7,792 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Usage rights of donated assets and other | 72,343 | — | — | (8,798 | ) | — | 1,165 | 64,710 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (64 | ) | — | — | 11 | — | — | (53 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Leasehold rights | 847 | — | — | (35 | ) | — | — | 812 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 79,058 | 3,266 | (35 | ) | (6,628 | ) | (263 | ) | 51 | 75,449 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(Government grants) | (1 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | (1 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 883,814 | 69,007 | (36 | ) | (88,379 | ) | (267 | ) | (53,475 | ) | 810,664 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3) | Significant specific intangible assets as of December 31, 2012 and 2013 are as follows: |
| ||||||||||||
Type |
| Currency | Amount | Remaining useful years | ||||||||
In millions of won and thousands of Australian dollars | ||||||||||||
Software | ERP system | KRW | 13,417 | 5 months ~ 3 years and 2 | ||||||||
Mining rights | Mining right of Bylong mine | AUD | 401,225 | — (*) | ||||||||
Development | Development of manufacturing technology Zircaloy tube | KRW | 2,460 | 1 | ||||||||
Development | WH type improved nuclear fuel | KRW | 532 | 3 months | ||||||||
Development | KOSPO Evolutionary Efficient & Powerful | KRW | 11,367 | 4 years and 6 months | ||||||||
Intangible assets under development | Smart technology verification and standard design project conducting right | KRW | 2,816 | — | ||||||||
Usage rights of donated assets | Songdo international business district (sector 1, 3) Sharing charge | KRW | 7,363 | 4 years and 10 months | ||||||||
Usage rights of donated assets | Dangjin power plant load facility usage right | KRW | 51,944 | 9 years | ||||||||
Others | Shingwangju electricity supply facility usage right | KRW | 4,314 | 6 years and 5 months |
(*) | Mining rights are amortized using the production method. |
| ||||||||||||
Type |
| Currency | Amount | Remaining useful years | ||||||||
In millions of won and thousands of Australian dollars | ||||||||||||
Software | ERP system and others | KRW | 1 year and 11 months ~ 2 years and 2 months | |||||||||
Copyrights, patents rights and other industrial rights | Smart technology verification and standard design project conducting right | KRW | 8,750 | 4 and | ||||||||
Mining rights | Mining right of Bylong mine | AUD | 401,225 | — (*) | ||||||||
Development | KOSPO Evolutionary Efficient & Powerful System (KEEPS) | KRW | ||||||||||
Development | Development of maintenance system for utility plant | KRW | 11 months | |||||||||
Intangible assets under development | Contributions to APR NRC DC | KRW | 18,252 | — | ||||||||
Intangible assets under development |
| KRW | — | |||||||||
Usage rights of donated assets |
Songdo international business district (sector 1, 3) | KRW | months | |||||||||
Usage rights of donated assets |
Dangjin power plant load facility usage right | KRW | ||||||||||
Others | Shingwangju electricity supply facility usage right | KRW | 5 years and 5 months | |||||||||
Others | Sillim electricity supply facility usage right | KRW | 3,536 | 7 years and 11 months |
(*) | Mining rights are amortized using the production method. |
(4) | For the years ended December 31, 2012 |
22. |
Trade and other payables as of December 31, 2012 and 2013 are as follows:
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
Current | Non-current | Current | Non-current | |||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
Trade payables | ₩ | 3,282,240 | — | 3,107,082 | — | |||||||||||||||
Other trade payables | 1,203,830 | 3,147,010 | 1,475,048 | 3,068,631 | ||||||||||||||||
Accrued expenses | 927,612 | 1,700 | 1,076,868 | 2,318 | ||||||||||||||||
Leasehold deposits received | 1,627 | — | 1,636 | — | ||||||||||||||||
Other deposits received | 63,104 | 83,376 | 115,216 | 90,055 | ||||||||||||||||
Finance lease liabilities | 121,804 | 885,365 | 115,308 | 769,658 | ||||||||||||||||
Dividends payable | 1,605 | — | 1,605 | — | ||||||||||||||||
Others(*) | 30 | 56,240 | — | 40,857 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
₩ | 5,601,852 | 4,173,691 | 5,892,763 | 3,971,519 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(*) | Details of others as of December 31, 2012 and |
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | |||||||||||||||
Current | Non-current | Current | Non-current | |||||||||||||
Accounts payable | ₩ | 3,282,240 | ₩ | — | ₩ | 3,132,744 | ₩ | — | ||||||||
Non-trade payables | 1,552,780 | 3,147,010 | 2,128,989 | 3,019,479 | ||||||||||||
Accrued expenses | 1,395,274 | 1,700 | 1,142,440 | 1,596 | ||||||||||||
Leasehold deposits received | 1,627 | — | 1,397 | 100 | ||||||||||||
Other deposits received | 63,104 | 83,376 | 42,593 | 91,594 | ||||||||||||
Finance lease liabilities | 121,804 | 885,365 | 127,033 | 1,007,976 | ||||||||||||
Dividends payable | 1,605 | — | 962 | — | ||||||||||||
Others | 30 | 56,240 | — | 57,392 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
₩ | 6,418,464 | ₩ | 4,173,691 | ₩ | 6,576,158 | ₩ | 4,178,137 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
Current | Non-current | Current | Non-current | |||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
Advance received from local governments | ₩ | — | 56,215 | — | 40,834 | |||||||||||||||
Others | 30 | 25 | — | 23 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
₩ | 30 | 56,240 | — | 40,857 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
23. |
(1) | Borrowings and |
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | |||||||
Current liabilities: | ||||||||
Short-term borrowings | ₩ | 689,310 | ₩ | 1,173,568 | ||||
Current portion of long-term borrowings | 1,528,237 | 929,508 | ||||||
Current portion of long-term debentures | 5,480,331 | 4,906,203 | ||||||
Less current portion of present value discount | (1,586 | ) | (1,486 | ) | ||||
Less discount on debentures | (1,611 | ) | (1,748 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
| |||||
7,694,681 | 7,006,045 | |||||||
|
|
|
| |||||
Non-current liabilities: | ||||||||
Long-term borrowings | 4,695,358 | 4,650,986 | ||||||
Debentures | 40,944,992 | 34,643,312 | ||||||
Less present value discount | (20,423 | ) | (9,667 | ) | ||||
Less discount on debentures | (95,199 | ) | (86,133 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
| |||||
45,524,728 | 39,198,498 | |||||||
|
|
|
| |||||
₩ | 53,219,409 | ₩ | 46,204,543 | |||||
|
|
|
|
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||
Current liabilities | ||||||||||||
Short-term borrowings | ₩ | 689,310 | 579,327 | |||||||||
Current portion of long-term borrowings | 1,528,237 | 893,532 | ||||||||||
Current portion of debt securities | 5,480,331 | 6,625,007 | ||||||||||
Less: Current portion of discount on long-term borrowings | (1,586 | ) | (1,997 | ) | ||||||||
Less: Current portion of discount on debt securities | (1,611 | ) | (8,371 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
7,694,681 | 8,087,498 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Non-current liabilities | ||||||||||||
Long-term borrowings | 4,695,358 | 4,555,769 | ||||||||||
Debt securities | 40,944,992 | 48,367,149 | ||||||||||
Less : Discount on long-term borrowings | (20,423 | ) | (17,379 | ) | ||||||||
Less : Discount on debt securities | (95,199 | ) | (105,240 | ) | ||||||||
Add: Premium on debt securities | — | 353 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
45,524,728 | 52,800,652 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
₩ | 53,219,409 | 60,888,150 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
(2) | Short-term borrowings as of December 31, 2012 and |
2012 Type Creditor Interest rate (%) Local short-term borrowings Local commercial paper Foreign short-term borrowings | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| ||||||||||
| ||||||||||
| ||||||||||
2013 | ||||||||||||
Type | Creditor | Interest rate (%) | Foreign currency | Local currency | ||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||
Local short-term borrowings | Shinhan Bank and others | 2.78 | — | ₩ | 70,000 | |||||||
Local commercial paper |
Korea Exchange Bank and others | 2.80 ~ 2.85 | — | 297,500 | ||||||||
Foreign short-term borrowings | ANZ and others | 0.67 ~ 6.50 | USD | 154,313 | 162,846 | |||||||
Foreign short-term borrowings | Scotia Bank | TIIE + 1.25 | USD | 5,447 | 5,748 | |||||||
Local bank overdraft | Woori Bank |
Standard overdraft rate + 1.27 | — | 43,233 | ||||||||
|
| |||||||||||
₩ | 579,327 | |||||||||||
|
|
(3) | Long-term borrowings as of December 31, 2012 and |
Dec. 31, 2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial institution | Type | Interest rate(%) | Maturity | Foreign currency | Local currency | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Type | Interest rate (%) | Maturity | Foreign currency | Local currency | |||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Local long-term borrowings | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Development Bank | Others | 0.50 | 2013~2044 | — | 9,393 | Others | 0.5 | 2013~2044 | — | ₩ | 9,393 | |||||||||||||||||
Korea Development Bank | Facility | 5.80 | 2026 | — | 21,800 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Development Bank | Facility | 1.75 | 2027 | — | 9,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Facility | 5.80 | 2026 | — | 21,800 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Facility | 3yr KTB rate - 1.25 | 2027 | — | 9,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | Commercial paper | 3M CD + 0.03~0.58 | 2013~2015 | — | 1,900,000 | Commercial Paper | 3.63 | 2013 | — | 100,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | Commercial paper | 3.63 | 2013 | — | 100,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | Facility | 3yr KTB rate - 1.25 | 2013~2021 | — | 5,843 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | Facility | 3yr KTB rate - 1.25 | 2013~2015 | — | 16,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | Energy rationalization | 3yr KTB rate - 1.25 | 2019 | — | 1,250 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | Development of power resources | 3yr KTB rate - 1.25 | 2013 | — | 6,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | Others | 3M CD + 0.25 | 2013 | — | 100,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | Others | 2.75 | 2014 | — | 5,200 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial Paper | 3M CD + 0.03~0.58 | 2013~2015 | — | 1,900,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Facility | 3yr KTB rate - 1.25 | 2013~2021 | — | 5,843 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Facility | 3yr KTB rate - 1.25 | 2013~2015 | — | 16,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Energy rationalization | 3yr KTB rate - 1.25 | 2019 | — | 1,250 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Development of power resources | 3yr KTB rate - 1.25 | 2013 | — | 6,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 3M CD + 0.25 | 2013 | — | 100,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 2.75 | 2014 | — | 5,200 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Industrial Bank | Development of power resources | 4.00 | 2016 | — | 18,933 | Development of power resources | 4.00 | 2016 | — | 18,933 | ||||||||||||||||||
Korea Industrial Bank | Development of power resources | 3yr KTB rate - 1.25 | 2016 | — | 16,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Development of power resources | 3yr KTB rate - 1.25 | 2016 | — | 16,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kookmin Bank | Development of power resources | 4.00 | 2015 | — | 18,810 | Development of power resources | 4.00 | 2015 | — | 18,810 | ||||||||||||||||||
Hana Bank | Development of power resources | 4.00, 3yr KTB rate - 1.25 | 2014 | — | 40,600 | Development of power resources | 4.00 | 2014 | — | 16,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Development of power resources | 3yr KTB rate - 1.25 | 2014 | — | 24,600 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Export-Import Bank of Korea |
Project loans | 2.00 | 2026 | — | 38,300 |
Project loans |
2.00 |
2026 |
|
— |
|
|
38,300 |
| ||||||||||||||
Korea Finance Corporation | Facility | 1yr KoFC bond rate + 0.08~0.31 | 2017~2019 | — | 2,300,000 | Facility | 1yr KoFC bond rate + 0.08 ~ 0.31 | 2017~2019 | — | 2,300,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Korea Resources Corporation |
Development of power resources |
3yr KTB rate - 2.25 |
2013~2027 |
|
— |
|
|
67,651 |
|
Development of power resources |
3yr KTB rate - 2.25 |
2013~2027 |
|
— |
|
|
67,651 |
| ||||||||||
Korea Resources Corporation |
Project loans | — | — | — | 8,677 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Project loans | — | — | — | 8,677 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | Others | 3yr KTB rate - 2.25 | 2023~2025 | — | 3,754 | Others | 3yr KTB rate - 2.25 | 2023~2025 | — | 3,754 | ||||||||||||||||||
Korea National Oil Corporation |
Project loans |
3yr KTB rate |
2021~2023 |
USD |
8,784 |
|
|
9,409 |
| |||||||||||||||||||
Korea Finance Corporation and others |
Project loans |
3M Libor + |
2014 |
USD |
138,240 |
|
|
147,962 |
| |||||||||||||||||||
Export-Import Bank of US and others | Project loans | 4.48~8.28 | 2014 | USD | 56,177 | 60,171 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Export-Import Bank of Korea |
Direct Loan |
3M Libor + |
2015 |
USD |
299,769 |
|
|
320,857 |
| |||||||||||||||||||
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
— | 4,687,211 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Dec. 31, 2012 Financial institution SMBC and others DBS PT PJB Holder’s Loan Others Woori bank Less present value discount Less current portion of long-term borrowings Add current portion of present value discount 2012 Type Korea National Oil Corporation Korea Finance Corporation Project loans and others Export-Import Bank of US and others Export-Import Bank of Korea and others Direct loans and others 3.70 SMBC and others 2.30 DBS Bank PT PJB Others Woori Bank Less : Discount of long-term borrowings Less : Current portion of long-term borrowings Add : Current portion of discount of long-term borrowings Type Interest rate(%) Maturity Foreign currency Local currency Others 3M Libor +
1.10~2.30 2013~2033 USD 309,160 331,126 Facility 3M Libor +
0.25 2013 USD 200,000 214,220 Share 12.75 2017 IDR 29,329,121 3,258 Facility 5.00~8.00 2013~2031 USD 24,259 25,976 Syndicated Loan 3M Libor +
0.27~1.50 2014~2017 USD 395,299 423,405 6,223,595 (22,009 ) (1,528,237 ) 1,586 ₩ 4,674,935 Interest rate (%) Maturity Foreign currency Local
currency In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies Foreign long-term borrowings Project loans 3yr KTB rate -
2.25 2021~2023 USD 8,784 ₩ 9,409 3M Libor + 1.63 2014 USD 138,240 147,962 Project loans 4.48~8.28 2014 USD 56,177 60,171 3M Libor + 2.60~ 2015 USD 299,769 320,857 Senior loan and others 3M Libor + 1.10~ 2013~2033 USD 309,160 331,126 Facility 3M Libor + 0.25 2013 USD 200,000 214,220 Share holder’s loan 12.75 2017 IDR 29,329,121 3,258 Facility and others 5.00~8.00 2013~2031 USD 24,259 25,976 Syndicated loan 3M Libor +
0.27~1.50 2014~2017 USD 395,299 423,405 1,536,384 6,223,595 (22,009 ) (1,528,237 ) 1,586 ₩ 4,674,935
Dec. 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||
Financial institution | Type | Interest rate(%) | Maturity | Foreign currency | Local currency | |||||||||
Korea development bank | Others | 0.50 | 2012~2044 | — | 11,247 | |||||||||
Korea exchange bank | Commercial paper | 3.81~4.79, 3M CD + 0.03~0.58 | 2012~2014 | — | 2,200,000 | |||||||||
Korea exchange bank | Energy rationalization | 2.50 | 2019 | — | 1,450 | |||||||||
Korea exchange bank | Development of power resources | 3yr KTB rate -2.25 | 2013 | — | 12,000 | |||||||||
Korea exchange bank | Facility | 3yr KTB rate -1.25 | 2014 | — | 38,551 | |||||||||
Korea exchange bank | Others | 2.75 | 2011~2021 | — | 5,200 | |||||||||
Samsung securities | Commercial paper | 3M CD + 0.10 | 2012 | — | 100,000 | |||||||||
Korea industrial bank | Development of power resources | 4.00, 3yr KTB rate - 2.25 | 2012~2016 | — | 50,666 | |||||||||
Korea industrial bank | Facility | 3yr KTB rate - 1.25 | 2012 | — | 7,000 | |||||||||
Korea industrial bank | Development of power resources | 3yr KTB rate -1.25 | 2016 | — | 2,994 | |||||||||
Kookmin bank | Development of power resources | 4.00 | 2015 | — | 25,080 | |||||||||
Hana bank | Development of power resources | 4.00, 3yr KTB rate - 2.25 | 2014 | — | 60,900 | |||||||||
Export-import Bank of Korea | Project loans | 2.00 | 2026 | — | 38,300 | |||||||||
Korea Finance Corporation | Facility | 1yr KoFC bond rate + 0.08~0.31 | 2012~2018 |
| — |
|
| 1,712,222 |
| |||||
Korea Resources Corporation | Development of power resources | 3yr KTB rate - 2.25 | 2013 ~ 2026 |
| — |
|
| 82,485 |
|
2013 | ||||||||||||||
Type | Interest rate (%) | Maturity | Foreign currency | Local currency | ||||||||||
In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies | ||||||||||||||
Local long-term borrowings |
| |||||||||||||
Korea Development Bank | Others | 0.50 | 2014~2044 | — | ₩ | 8,109 | ||||||||
Facility | 4.60 | 2028 | — | 43,600 | ||||||||||
Facility | 3yr KTB rate - 1.25 | 2027 | — | 9,000 | ||||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | Commercial Paper | 3M CD + 0.03~0.54 | 2014~2016 | — | 1,300,000 | |||||||||
Facility | 3yr KTB rate - 1.75 | 2021 | — | 11,779 | ||||||||||
Facility | 4.60 | 2028 | — | 20,000 | ||||||||||
Energy rationalization | 3yr KTB rate - 1.75 | 2015~2019 | — | 1,050 | ||||||||||
Energy rationalization | 2.75~3.20 | 2015~2016 | — | 7,381 | ||||||||||
Korea Industrial Bank | Development of | 4.00 | 2016 | — | 14,200 | |||||||||
Others | 3yr KTB rate - 1.25 | 2016 | — | 12,000 |
Dec. 31, 2011 Financial institution Korea Resources Corporation Korea national oil corporation Project loans 3yr KTB rate - 2.25 2021 ~ 2023 USD 8,784 10,131 Korea Finance Corporation and others Project loans 3M Libor + 2013 USD 157,967 182,183 Export-import Bank of US and others Export-import Bank of Korea Direct Loan 3M Libor + 2027 USD 319,742 368,759 SMBC and others DBS Others Woori bank Less present value discount Less current portion of long-term borrowings Add current portion of present value discount 2013 Type rate - 1.25 Export-Import Bank of Korea Korea Finance Corporation Facility Korea Resources Corporation Development of rate - 2.25 rate - 2.25 Shinhan Bank and others Facility rate - 2.25 Type Interest
rate(%) Maturity Foreign currency Local
currency Project loans — — — 11,290
1.63 Project loans 4.48 ~ 8.28 2014 USD 93,653 108,010
2.60 ~ 3.70 Others 3M Libor +
1.10 ~ 2.30 2013 ~ 2033 USD 158,461 182,753 Facility 3M Libor +
0.25 2013 USD 200,000 230,660 Facility 8.00 ~ 14.00 2017 ~ 2031 USD 3,714 4,283 Syndicated Loan 3M Libor +
0.27 ~ 0.30 2017 USD 116,475 134,330 5,580,494 (11,153 ) (929,508 ) 1,486 ₩ 4,641,319 Interest rate (%) Maturity Foreign currency Local currency In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies Kookmin Bank Development of
power resources 4.00 2015 — ₩ 12,540 Hana Bank Development of
power resources 4.00 2014 — 8,000 Others 3yr KTB 2024~2025 — 12,300 PF Refinancing CD+1.7% 2026 — 21,613 PF Refinancing 4.80 2026 — 11,991 Project loans 2.00 2026 — 36,827 1yr KoFC
bond rate
+ 0.20~0.31 2018~2019 — 2,300,000
power resources 3yr KTB 2014~2027 — 64,202 Facility 0.75~1.75 2023 — 5,355 Project loans — — — 8,677 Others 3yr KTB 2024~2025 13,707 3yr AA- CB
rate + 1.10 2028 — 30,000 Woori Bank PF Refinancing CD+1.7% 2026 — 21,613 PF Refinancing 4.80 2026 — 11,991 Others Facility 4.60~5.80 2025~2028 — 159,200 PF Refinancing 4.80 2026 — 17,267 PF Refinancing CD+1.7% 2026 524 Others 3yr KTB 2023~2028 — 30,774 — 4,193,700
2013 | ||||||||||||||
Type | Interest rate (%) | Maturity | Foreign currency | Local currency | ||||||||||
In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies | ||||||||||||||
Foreign long-term borrowings | ||||||||||||||
Korea National Oil Corporation | Project loans | 3yr KTB rate - 2.25 | — | USD | 8,784 | ₩ | 9,270 | |||||||
Export-Import Bank of US | Project loans | 4.48 | 2014 | USD | 5,598 | 5,908 | ||||||||
JBIC | Project loans | 6M Libor + 0.012 | 2014 | USD | 10,301 | 10,870 | ||||||||
Export-Import Bank of Korea and others | Project loans | 7.20 | 2014 | USD | 2,803 | 2,958 | ||||||||
Term loan | LIBOR + 2.25 | 2033 | USD | 151,921 | 160,322 | |||||||||
Direct loan and others | LIBOR + 2.6~3.7 | 2027 | JOD | 129,975 | 194,062 | |||||||||
Proparco and others | Shareholder’s loan | LIBOR + 3.7 | 2027 | USD | 106,249 | 112,125 | ||||||||
PT PJB | Shareholder’s loan | 8.00 | 2031 | JOD | 8,498 | 12,688 | ||||||||
Shareholder’s loan | 6.50 | — | USD | 31,876 | ₩ | 33,639 | ||||||||
Shareholder’s loan | 12.75 | 2017 | IDR | 22,446,293 | 1,939 |
2013 Type SMB and others HSBC and others Others Others Less : Discount of long-term borrowings Less : Current portion of long-term borrowings Add : Current portion of discount of long-term borrowings Interest rate (%) Maturity Foreign currency Local currency In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies Commercial loan and others LIBOR +
1.5~2.5 2030~2033 USD 131,603 138,881 Syndicated loan 3M
Libor+0.27~1.50 2014~2017 USD 374,124 394,813 Others — 2019~2031 USD 11,276 11,900 LIBOR + 0.95 — USD 157,516 166,226 1,255,601 5,449,301 (19,376 ) (893,532 ) 1,997 ₩ 4,538,390
(4) |
Type | Contract period | Annual interest rate(%) | Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | ||||||||||
Electricity bonds | 2003 ~ 2032 | 3.04 ~ 7.19 | ₩ | 25,590,000 | ₩ | 22,080,000 | ||||||||
Electricity bonds | 2010 ~ 2017 | 3M CD+0.25 ~ 1.05 | 1,010,000 | 250,000 | ||||||||||
Corporate bonds | 2008 ~ 2040 | 3.18 ~ 7.55 | 10,080,010 | 7,990,010 | ||||||||||
36,680,010 | 30,320,010 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
Less discount on debentures |
| (29,436 | ) | (25,425 | ) | |||||||||
Less current portion of long-term debentures |
| (3,980,000 | ) | (4,180,010 | ) | |||||||||
Add current portion of discount on debentures |
| 814 | 860 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
₩ | 32,671,388 | ₩ | 26,115,435 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
Issue date | Maturity | Interest rate (%) | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Electricity Bonds | | 2008.06.05 ~ 2013.06.28 | | | 2013.07.31 ~ 2032.08.20 | | 2.77 ~ 7.19 | ₩ | 25,590,000 | 27,290,000 | ||||||||||||
Electricity Bonds | | 2010.05.28 ~ 2013.06.25 | | | 2015.05.28 ~ 2018.06.25 | | 3M CD + 0.25 ~ 1.05 | 1,010,000 | 1,160,000 | |||||||||||||
Corporate Bonds | | 2009.02.26 ~ 2013.11.26 | | | 2014.02.26 ~ 2040.12.10 | | 2.60 ~ 7.18 | 10,080,010 | 15,150,010 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
36,680,010 | 43,600,010 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
Less : Discount on local debt securities |
| (29,436 | ) | (37,675 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Less : Current portion of local debt securities |
| (3,980,000 | ) | (4,250,000 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Add : Current portion of discount on local debt securities |
| 814 | 679 | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 32,671,388 | 39,313,014 | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
(5) | Foreign |
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Issue date | Maturity date | Interest rate(%) | Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | Issue date | Maturity | Interest rate (%) | Foreign currency | Local currency | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FY-93 | 1993.04.14 | 2013.04.14 | 7.75 | ₩ | 374,885 | ₩ | 403,655 | 1993.04.14 | 2013.04.14 | 7.75 | USD | 350,000 | ₩ | 374,886 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
FY-96 | 1996.04.01 | 2096.04.01 | 6.00~8.37 | 268,589 | 290,229 | 1996.04.01 | 2096.04.01 | 6.00~8.37 | USD | 250,760 | 268,589 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
FY-97 | 1997.01.31 | 2027.08.04 | 6.75~7.00 | 337,093 | 362,963 | 1997.01.31 | 2027.08.04 | 6.75~7.00 | USD | 314,717 | 337,093 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
FY-03 | 2003.05.25 | 2016.05.25 | 4.75~6.00 | 160,665 | 518,985 | 2003.05.25 | 2013.05.25 | 4.75~6.00 | USD | 150,000 | 160,665 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
FY-04 | 2004.04.21 | 2034.04.21 | 5.13~5.75 | 481,995 | 518,985 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FY-05 | 2005.11.25 | 2012.11.15 | 5.25 | — | 345,990 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FY-04(*) | 2004.04.21 | 2034.04.21 | 5.13~5.75 | USD | 450,000 | 481,995 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FY-06 | 2006.03.14 | 2016.09.29 | 4.81~5.50 | 696,215 | 403,655 | 2006.03.14 | 2016.09.29 | 4.81~5.50 | USD | 650,000 | 696,215 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
FY-08 | 2008.02.11 | 2018.11.27 | 4.19~5.38 | 892,160 | 989,012 | 2008.11.27 | 2018.11.27 | 4.19 | JPY | 20,000,000 | 249,500 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
FY-09 | 2009.06.17 | 2014.07.21 | 5.50~6.25 | 1,606,650 | 1,729,950 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008.02.11 | 2013.04.18 | 5.38 | USD | 600,000 | 642,660 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FY-09 | 2009.05.08 | 2012.05.08 | Euro Yen Tibor+2.50 | — | 148,516 | 2009.06.17 | 2014.07.21 | 5.5~6.25 | USD | 1,500,000 | 1,606,650 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
FY-10 | 2010.09.16 | 2015.10.05 | 3.00~3.13 | 1,285,320 | 1,383,960 | 2010.09.16 | 2015.10.05 | 3~3.13 | USD | 1,200,000 | 1,285,320 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
FY-10 | 2010.04.15 | 2015.11.18 | 3M USD Libor+0.80~1.64 | 589,105 | 864,975 | 2010.04.15 | 2015.11.18 | 3M USD Libor+0.80~1.64 | USD | 550,000 | 589,105 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
FY-11 | 2011.07.13 | 2021.07.13 | 3.63~4.75 | 856,880 | 922,640 | 2011.07.13 | 2021.07.13 | 3.63~4.75 | USD | 800,000 | 856,880 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
FY-11 | 2011.02.18 | 2014.09.17 | 3M USD Libor+0.80~1.00 | 321,330 | 345,990 | 2011.02.18 | 2014.09.17 | 3M USD Libor+0.80~1.00 | USD | 300,000 | 321,330 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
FY-12 | 2012.05.10 | 2022.09.19 | 2.5~3.83 | 1,874,426 | — | 2012.05.10 | 2022.09.19 | 2.5~3.83 | USD | 1,750,000 | 1,874,425 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
9,745,313 | 9,229,505 | 9,745,313 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less discount on debentures |
| (67,374 | ) | (62,456 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less current portion of long- term liabilities |
| (1,500,331 | ) | (726,193 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Add current portion of discount on debentures |
| 797 | 888 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less : Discount on foreign debt securities | Less : Discount on foreign debt securities |
| (67,374 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less : Current portion of foreign debt securities | Less : Current portion of foreign debt securities |
| (1,500,331 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Add : Current portion of discount on foreign debt securities | Add : Current portion of discount on foreign debt securities |
| 797 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 8,178,405 | ₩ | 8,441,744 | ₩ | 8,178,405 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
(*) | Global 4 in FY-04 can be redeemed on April 23, 2014 if bond holders claim the redemption from February 7, 2014 (75 days) to February 22, 2014 (60 days). |
Type FY-96 FY-97 FY-04(*) FY-06 FY-08 FY-09 FY-10 FY-10 FY-11 FY-11 FY-12 FY-13 FY-13 FY-13 FY-13 Less : Discount on foreign debt securities Add : Premium on debt securities Less : Current portion of foreign debt securities Add : Current portion of discount on foreign debt securities 2013 Issue date Maturity Interest rate (%) Foreign currency Local
currency In millions of won 1996.04.01~1996.12.06 2026.12.06~2096.04.01 6.00~8.37 USD 250,022 ₩ 263,848 1997.01.31~1997.08.04 2027.01.31~2027.08.04 6.75~7.00 USD 314,717 332,121 2004.04.21~2004.07.21 2014.07.21~2034.04.21 5.13~5.75 USD 450,000 474,885 2006.03.14~2006.09.29 2016.03.14~2016.09.29 5.50~6.00 USD 650,000 685,945 2008.11.27 2018.11.27 4.19 JPY 20,000,000 200,932 2009.06.17~2009.07.21 2014.06.17~2014.07.21 5.50~6.25 USD 1,500,000 1,582,950 2010.09.16~2010.10.05 2015.09.16~2015.10.05 3.00~3.13 USD 1,200,000 1,266,360 2010.07.29~2010.11.18 2015.07.29~2015.11.18 3M USD
Libor+1.00~1.64 USD 250,000 263,825 2011.07.13~2011.07.29 2017.01.29~2021.07.13 3.63~4.75 USD 800,000 844,240 2011.02.18~2011.04.15 2014.04.15~2014.09.17 3M USD
Libor+0.80~1.00 USD 300,000 316,590 2012.05.10~2012.09.19 2017.05.10~2022.09.19 2.50~3.00 USD 1,750,000 1,846,775 2013.02.20~2013.07.25 2018.02.20~2018.07.25 3M USD
Libor+0.84~1.5 USD 500,000 527,650 2013.09.25 2020.09.25 5.75 AUD 325,000 305,487 2013.09.26~2013.10.23 2019.03.26~2019.04.23 1.50~1.63 CHF 400,000 475,468 2013.02.05~2013.11.27 2018.02.05~2018.11.27 1.88~3.16 USD 1,900,000 2,005,070 11,392,146 (75,936 ) 353 (2,375,007 ) 7,692 ₩ 8,949,248
(*) | Global 4 in FY-04 can be redeemed on April 23, 2014 if bond holders claim the redemption from February 7, 2014 (75 days) to February 22, 2014 (60 days). |
24. |
(1) | Lease contracts |
The Company enters into a power purchase agreements (“PPA”) under which the Company is committed to purchase an aggregate capacity of 3,770 megawatts for approximately twenty years from independent power producers, such as, GS EPS and three other providers. The Company recognizes these PPAs as finance leases; under the PPAs, there is no transfer of ownership or bargain purchase option of the plants at the end of the agreement, however, the present value of the future minimum power purchase payments equals substantially all of the plants’ respective fair values over a twenty yeartwenty-year period which makes up the major part of the respective plants’ economic life.
(2) | Finance lease liabilities as of December 31, 2012 and |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | Minimum lease payments | Present value of minimum lease payments | Minimum lease payments | Present value of minimum lease payments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Minimum lease payment | Present Value of minimum lease payments | Minimum lease payment | Present Value of minimum lease payments | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less than 1 year | ₩ | 221,381 | ₩ | 121,804 | ₩ | 239,008 | ₩ | 127,033 | ₩ | 221,381 | 121,804 | 202,309 | 115,308 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
1 ~ 5 years | 744,702 | 542,688 | 790,571 | 577,172 | 744,702 | 542,688 | 716,928 | 521,031 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
More than 5 years | 556,276 | 342,677 | 731,787 | 430,804 | 556,276 | 342,677 | 381,742 | 248,627 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 1,522,359 | ₩ | 1,007,169 | ₩ | 1,761,366 | ₩ | 1,135,009 | ₩ | 1,522,359 | 1,007,169 | 1,300,979 | 884,966 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3) | Current and non-current portion of |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||
Current finance lease liabilities | ₩ | 121,804 | ₩ | 127,033 | ₩ | 121,804 | 115,308 | |||||||||||||
Non-current finance lease liabilities | 885,365 | 1,007,976 | 885,365 | 769,658 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||
₩ | 1,007,169 | ₩ | 1,135,009 | ₩ | 1,007,169 | 884,966 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
(4) | Lease payments recognized as an expense from a lessee position for the years ended December 31, 2012 and |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||
Minimum lease payment | ₩ | 274,309 | ₩ | 282,042 | ₩ | 274,309 | 266,381 | |||||||||||||
Contingent rent payment | (10,028 | ) | (8,838 | ) | (10,028 | ) | (15,033 | ) | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||
₩ | 264,281 | ₩ | 273,204 | ₩ | 264,281 | 251,348 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
(5) | The Company does not have any |
25. |
The Company has both defined benefit plans and defined contribution plans it offers to its employees. Details regarding both plans and the Company’s retirement benefit obligations as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 are as follows.
(1) | ||||||||
| ||||||||
| ||||||||
| 2013 are as follows: |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||
Defined benefit obligations | ₩ | 2,069,864 | 2,064,505 | |||||||||
Other long-term employee benefit obligations | 74,470 | 72,791 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
₩ | 2,144,334 | 2,137,296 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
(2) |
2012 | 2013 | |||
Discount rate | 3.51% ~ 3.58% | 3.72% ~ 4.12% | ||
Future salary and benefit levels | 1.80% ~ 15.30% | 1.77% ~ 7.97% | ||
Weighted average duration | 14.24 years | 12.90 years |
(3) | Details of |
| 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||
Current service cost | ₩ | 325,016 | ₩ | 278,792 | ₩ | 325,016 | 348,945 | |||||||||||||
Interest cost | 99,473 | 117,901 | 99,473 | 100,315 | ||||||||||||||||
Expected return on plan assets | (19,600 | ) | (20,781 | ) | (19,600 | ) | (15,975 | ) | ||||||||||||
Others | (19 | ) | 435 | (18 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||
₩ | 404,870 | ₩ | 376,347 | ₩ | 404,871 | 433,285 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
ForExpenses as described above are recognized in those items below in the financial statements.
| 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||
Cost of sales | ₩ | 292,548 | 308,642 | |||||||
Selling and administrative expenses | 72,365 | 75,681 | ||||||||
Others (Construction-in-progress and others) | 39,958 | 48,962 | ||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||
₩ | 404,871 | 433,285 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
In addition, for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the retirement2013, employee benefit obligations expenseexpenses of KRW 333,813₩41,265 million and KRW 308,629₩41,289 million, respectively, is recognized as cost of sales, and KRW 77,432₩5,067 million and KRW 66,955₩5,370 million, respectively, is recognized as selling and administrative expenses, and KRW 49,951₩9,994 million and KRW 44,850 million, respectively, is recognized as others (eg. Construction in-progress, etc.).
In addition, for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, retirement benefit obligations expenses of KRW 41,265 million and KRW 31,662 million, respectively, is recognized as cost of sales, and KRW 5,067 and KRW 2,753 million, respectively, is recognized as selling and administrative expenses, and KRW 9,994 and KRW 9,672₩11,092 million, respectively relates to the Company’s defined contribution plans.
(4) |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||
Present value of defined benefit obligation from funded plans | ₩ | 2,540,264 | ₩ | 2,327,095 | ₩ | 2,540,264 | 2,629,057 | |||||||||||||
Fair value of plan assets | (472,342 | ) | (459,342 | ) | (472,342 | ) | (564,552 | ) | ||||||||||||
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
2,067,922 | 2,064,505 | |||||||||||||||||||
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
Present value of defined benefit obligation from unfunded plans | 1,943 | 1,423 | 1,942 | — | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||
Net retirement obligations from defined benefit plans | ₩ | 2,069,865 | ₩ | 1,869,176 | ||||||||||||||||
Net liabilities incurred from defined benefit plans | ₩ | 2,069,864 | 2,064,505 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
(5) | Changes in |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||
Beginning balance | ₩ | 2,328,518 | ₩ | 2,328,423 | ₩ | 2,328,518 | 2,542,207 | |||||||||||||
Current service cost | 325,016 | 278,792 | 325,016 | 348,945 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest cost | 99,473 | 117,901 | ||||||||||||||||||
Actuarial losses | 75,697 | 215,922 | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest cost(*) | 99,473 | 100,315 | ||||||||||||||||||
Remeasurement component | 75,697 | (204,478 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Actual payments | (286,501 | ) | (629,403 | ) | (286,501 | ) | (157,711 | ) | ||||||||||||
Others | 4 | 16,883 | 4 | (221 | ) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||
Ending balance | ₩ | 2,542,207 | ₩ | 2,328,518 | ₩ | 2,542,207 | 2,629,057 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
Corporate bond (AAA rated) yield at year-end is applied to the interest cost on employee benefit obligations. |
(6) | Changes in the |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||
Beginning balance | ₩ | 459,342 | 472,342 | |||||||||
Expected return | 19,600 | 15,975 | ||||||||||
Remeasurement component | (1,136 | ) | 243 | |||||||||
Contributions by the employers | 94,763 | 90,011 | ||||||||||
Contributions by the employees | — | 11,709 | ||||||||||
Actual payments | (100,227 | ) | (25,532 | ) | ||||||||
Others | — | (196 | ) | |||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Ending balance | ₩ | 472,342 | 564,552 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
In addition, gain or loss on accumulated remeasurement component amounted to ₩(76,088) million and ₩39,591 million and has been recognized as other comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2013, respectively.
(7) | Details of the fair value of plan assets as of December 31, 2012 and 2013 are as follows: |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||
Equity instruments | ₩ | 58,972 | 35,463 | |||||||||
Debt instruments | 93,812 | 124,056 | ||||||||||
Bank deposit | 109,800 | 117,626 | ||||||||||
Others | 209,758 | 287,407 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
₩ | 472,342 | 564,552 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2013, actual returns on plan assets are amounted to ₩18,464 million and ₩16,218 million, respectively.
(8) | Remeasurement component recognized in other comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2012 and |
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Beginning balance | ₩ | 459,342 | ₩ | 433,339 | ||||
Expected return | 19,600 | 20,781 | ||||||
Actuarial losses | (1,136 | ) | (3,148 | ) | ||||
Contributions by the employers | 94,763 | 291,339 | ||||||
Actual payments | (100,227 | ) | (283,629 | ) | ||||
Others | — | 660 | ||||||
|
|
|
| |||||
Ending balance | ₩ | 472,342 | ₩ | 459,342 | ||||
|
|
|
|
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||
Actuarial gain from changes in demographic assumptions | ₩ | — | 100,715 | |||||||||
Actuarial gain (loss) from changes in financial assumptions | 152,358 | (351,257 | ) | |||||||||
Experience adjustments | (76,661 | ) | 46,064 | |||||||||
Expected return | 1,136 | (243 | ) | |||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
₩ | 76,833 | (204,721 | ) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
Remeasurement component recognized as other comprehensive income is recorded in retained earnings.
26. |
Fair value of plan assets | ||||||||
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | |||||||
Equity instruments | ₩ | 58,972 | ₩ | 52,285 | ||||
Debt instruments | 93,812 | 130,346 | ||||||
Bank deposit | 109,800 | 152,387 | ||||||
Others | 209,758 | 124,324 | ||||||
|
|
|
| |||||
₩ | 472,342 | ₩ | 459,342 | |||||
|
|
|
| |||||
Expected rate of return on plan assets | ||||||||
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | |||||||
Equity instruments | 5.28 | % | 5.18 | % | ||||
Debt instruments | 4.26 | % | 4.79 | % | ||||
Bank deposit | 4.47 | % | 4.81 | % | ||||
Others | 4.70 | % | 4.88 | % | ||||
Weighted average | 4.63 | % | 4.86 | % |
Expected rate of return on plan assets is weighted average of expected rate of return on each category. The managements estimate expected rate of return based on historical trend of yield and market forecasting analysis for the period during defined benefit obligations exist.
In addition, for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, actual returns on plan assets are KRW 18,464 million and KRW 17,633 million, respectively.
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | |||||||
Other long-term employee benefit obligations | ₩ | 74,469 | ₩ | 73,818 | ||||
|
|
|
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Litigation
The Company is involved in legal proceedings regarding matters arising in the ordinary course of business. Related to these matters, as of December 31, 2012, the Company was engaged in 559 lawsuits as a defendant and 107 lawsuits as a plaintiff. The total amount claimed against the Company was KRW 390,878 million and the total amount claimed by the Company was KRW 74,275 million as of December 31, 2012. As of December 31, 2012, the Company had an accrual for loss contingencies of KRW 26,697 million. The Company records liabilities for estimated loss contingencies when the Company assesses that a loss is probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. The determination for a loss contingency is based on management judgment and estimates with respect to the likely outcome of the matter, including the analysis of different scenarios. Liabilities are recorded or adjusted when events or circumstances cause these judgments or estimates to change. In assessing whether a loss is a reasonable possibility, the Company may consider the following factors: the nature of the litigation, claim or assessment, available information, opinions or views of legal counsel and other advisors, and the experience gained from similar cases. The Company provides disclosures for material contingencies when there is a reasonable possibility that a loss or an additional loss may be incurred.
As new developments occur or more information becomes available, our assumptions and estimates of these liabilities may change. Revisions to contingent liabilities are generally reflected in income when new or different facts or information become known or circumstances change that affect previous assumptions with respect to the likelihood or amount of loss. If changes in these or other assumptions or the anticipated outcomes the Company uses to estimate contingencies cause a loss to become more likely, it could materially affect future results of operations for any particular quarterly or annual period.
Actual amounts realized upon settlement of contingencies may be different than amounts recorded and disclosed and could have a significant impact on the liabilities and expenses recorded on the consolidated financial statements.
Provision for decommissioning cost
Under the Korean Electricity Business Act (EBA) Article 94, the Company is required to record a liability for the dismantling of nuclear power plants and disposal of spent fuel and low & intermediate radioactive wastes. In addition, under the Korean Atomic Energy Act (AEA), an entity which constructs and operates a nuclear power reactor and related facilities must obtain permission from the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (the “MEST”, formerly the Ministry of Science and Technology).
Accretion expense consists of period-to-period changes in the liability for decommissioning costs resulting from passage of time and changes in estimate related to either the timing or the amount of the initial estimate of undiscounted cash flows. This cost is included in cost of electric power in the accompanying statements of operations.
Provisions of decontamination of transformer—PCBs
Under the regulation of Persistent Organic Pollutants Management Act, enacted in 2007, the Company is required to remove polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), a toxin, from the insulating oil of its transformers by 2025. As a result of the enactments, the Company is required to inspect the PCBs contents of transformers and dispose of PCBs in excess of safety standards under the legally settled procedures. The Company’s estimates and assumptions used to determine fair value can be affected by many factors, such as the estimated costs of inspection and disposal, inflation rate, discount rate, regulations and the general economy.
Provisions as of December 31, 2012 and |
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current | Non-current | Current | Non-current | Current | Non-current | Current | Non-current | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employment benefits | ₩ | 816,612 | — | 777,419 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for employment benefits | 816,612 | — | 777,419 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Litigation | — | 26,697 | — | 23,720 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Litigation provision | ₩ | — | ₩ | 26,697 | ₩ | — | ₩ | 44,409 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Litigation provisions | — | 26,697 | — | 23,720 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Decommissioning cost | — | 12,133,393 | — | 12,568,622 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nuclear plants | — | 9,462,723 | — | 5,061,265 | — | 9,462,723 | — | 9,887,621 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Spent fuel | — | 1,207,842 | — | 869,549 | — | 1,207,842 | — | 1,211,440 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Waste | — | 1,242,396 | — | 796,522 | — | 1,242,396 | — | 1,249,062 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PCBs | — | 216,669 | — | 215,082 | — | 219,669 | — | 219,704 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other recovery provisions | — | 763 | — | — | — | 763 | — | 795 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 158,303 | 10,716 | 336,398 | 9,972 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Power plant regional support program | 106,763 | — | 91,987 | — | 106,763 | — | 112,498 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for tax | 2,644 | 1,256 | — | 2,013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for financial guarantee | — | 9,086 | — | 11,300 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for RPS | 48,795 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provisions for tax | 2,644 | 1,256 | — | 649 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provisions for financial guarantee | — | 9,086 | — | 8,789 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provisions for RPS | 48,795 | — | 223,259 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 101 | 374 | 396 | 95 | 101 | 374 | 641 | 534 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 158,303 | ₩ | 12,170,806 | ₩ | 92,383 | ₩ | 7,000,235 | ₩ | 974,915 | 12,170,806 | 1,113,817 | 12,602,314 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(2) | Changes in provisions for the years ended December 31, 2012 and |
2012 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jan. 1, 2012 | Liabilities incurred | Accretion expense | Payment | Reversal | Other | Dec. 31, 2012 | Beginning balance | Accretion expenses | Payment | Reversal | Other | Ending balance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employment benefits | ₩ | 608,716 | 859,342 | (627,570 | ) | (32,176 | ) | 8,300 | 816,612 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for employment benefits | 608,716 | 859,342 | (627,570 | ) | (32,176 | ) | 8,300 | 816,612 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Litigation | 44,409 | 17,367 | (16,784 | ) | (18,295 | ) | — | 26,697 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Litigation provision | ₩ | 44,409 | ₩ | 17,165 | ₩ | 202 | ₩ | (16,784 | ) | ₩ | (18,295 | ) | ₩ | — | ₩ | 26,697 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Litigation provisions | 44,409 | 17,367 | (16,784 | ) | (18,295 | ) | — | 26,697 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Decommissioning cost | 6,942,418 | 4,862,306 | (337,991 | ) | — | 2,562 | 12,133,393 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nuclear plants | 5,061,265 | 4,173,744 | 227,714 | — | — | — | 9,462,723 | 5,061,265 | 4,401,458 | — | — | — | 9,462,723 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Spent fuel | 869,549 | 606,707 | 39,780 | (310,458 | ) | — | 2,264 | 1,207,842 | 869,549 | 646,487 | (310,458 | ) | — | 2,264 | 1,207,842 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Waste | 796,522 | 427,768 | 33,080 | (15,272 | ) | — | 298 | 1,242,396 | 796,522 | 460,848 | (15,272 | ) | — | 298 | 1,242,396 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PCBs | 215,082 | 4,294 | 12,554 | (12,261 | ) | — | — | 219,669 | 215,082 | 16,848 | (12,261 | ) | — | — | 219,669 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | — | 763 | — | — | — | — | 763 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other recovery provisions | — | 763 | — | — | — | 763 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 105,791 | 43,845 | (99,794 | ) | (2,882 | ) | 15,493 | 169,019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Power plant regional support program | 91,987 | — | 41,661 | (42,386 | ) | — | 15,501 | 106,763 | 91,987 | 41,661 | (42,386 | ) | — | 15,501 | 106,763 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for tax | 2,013 | 75 | 2,109 | — | (297 | ) | — | 3,900 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for financial guarantee | 11,300 | — | — | — | (2,214 | ) | — | 9,086 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for RPS | — | 105,857 | — | (57,062 | ) | — | — | 48,795 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provisions for tax | 2,013 | 2,184 | — | (297 | ) | — | 3,900 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provisions for financial guarantee | 11,300 | — | — | (2,214 | ) | — | 9,086 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provisions for RPS | — | 105,857 | (57,062 | ) | — | — | 48,795 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 491 | 629 | 80 | (346 | ) | (371 | ) | (8 | ) | 475 | 491 | 709 | (346 | ) | (371 | ) | (8 | ) | 475 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 7,092,618 | ₩ | 5,337,002 | ₩ | 357,180 | ₩ | (454,569 | ) | ₩ | (21,177 | ) | ₩ | 18,055 | ₩ | 12,329,109 | ₩ | 7,701,334 | 6,553,524 | (1,082,139 | ) | (53,353 | ) | 26,355 | 13,145,721 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2011 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jan. 1, 2011 | Liabilities incurred | Accretion expense | Payment | Reversal | Other | Dec. 31, 2011 | Beginning balance | Accretion expenses | Payment | Reversal | Other | Ending balance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employment benefits | ₩ | 816,612 | 625,921 | (574,900 | ) | (90,214 | ) | — | 777,419 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for employment benefits | 816,612 | 625,921 | (574,900 | ) | (90,214 | ) | — | 777,419 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Litigation | 26,697 | 17,610 | (8,874 | ) | (11,713 | ) | — | 23,720 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Litigation provision | ₩ | 79,116 | ₩ | 40,144 | ₩ | 628 | ₩ | (7,373 | ) | ₩ | (39,124 | ) | ₩ | (28,982 | ) | ₩ | 44,409 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Litigation provisions | 26,697 | 17,610 | (8,874 | ) | (11,713 | ) | — | 23,720 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Decommissioning cost | 12,133,393 | 872,465 | (437,859 | ) | 623 | 12,568,622 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nuclear plants | 4,694,607 | 155,718 | 210,940 | — | — | — | 5,061,265 | 9,462,723 | 424,910 | (12 | ) | — | — | 9,887,621 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Spent fuel | 834,247 | 197,596 | 122,004 | (284,298 | ) | — | — | 869,549 | 1,207,842 | 407,236 | (403,638 | ) | — | — | 1,211,440 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Waste | 447,473 | — | 279,330 | (13,026 | ) | — | 82,745 | 796,522 | 1,242,396 | 29,490 | (23,447 | ) | — | 623 | 1,249,062 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PCBs | 278,011 | 22,153 | 16,351 | (16,276 | ) | (85,157 | ) | — | 215,082 | 219,669 | 10,797 | (10,762 | ) | — | — | 219,704 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other recovery provisions | 763 | 32 | — | — | — | 795 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 169,019 | 261,076 | (97,788 | ) | (3,153 | ) | 17,217 | 346,371 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Power plant regional support program | 76,955 | — | 39,437 | (42,299 | ) | — | 17,894 | 91,987 | 106,763 | 35,952 | (43,325 | ) | — | 13,108 | 112,498 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for tax | 8,219 | 205 | — | — | (6,411 | ) | — | 2,013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for financial guarantee | — | 11,300 | — | — | — | — | 11,300 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provisions for tax | 3,900 | — | (3,251 | ) | — | — | 649 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provisions for financial guarantee | 9,086 | 1,667 | — | (1,964 | ) | — | 8,789 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provisions for RPS | 48,795 | 222,824 | (51,451 | ) | (1,130 | ) | 4,222 | 223,260 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 1,012 | 211 | — | (70 | ) | (54 | ) | (608 | ) | 491 | 475 | 633 | 239 | (59 | ) | (113 | ) | 1,175 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 6,419,640 | ₩ | 427,327 | ₩ | 668,690 | ₩ | (363,342 | ) | ₩ | (130,746 | ) | ₩ | 71,049 | ₩ | 7,092,618 | ₩ | 13,145,721 | 1,777,072 | (1,119,421 | ) | (105,080 | ) | 17,840 | 13,716,132 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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27. |
(1) |
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | |||||||
Deferred revenue | ₩ | 6,031,311 | ₩ | 5,428,993 | ||||
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| 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||
Cash | ₩ | (29,741 | ) | — | ||||||||
Land | (3,106 | ) | (3,137 | ) | ||||||||
Buildings | (44,387 | ) | (45,396 | ) | ||||||||
Structures | (177,173 | ) | (193,189 | ) | ||||||||
Machinery | (105,112 | ) | (101,808 | ) | ||||||||
Vehicles | (128 | ) | (83 | ) | ||||||||
Equipment | (922 | ) | (707 | ) | ||||||||
Tools | (192 | ) | (312 | ) | ||||||||
Construction-in-progress | (94,676 | ) | (117,728 | ) | ||||||||
Investment properties | (243 | ) | (13 | ) | ||||||||
Software | (198 | ) | (428 | ) | ||||||||
Development expenditures | (12,371 | ) | (11,705 | ) | ||||||||
Intangible assets under development | (7,305 | ) | (7,792 | ) | ||||||||
Usage rights of donated assets and other | (64 | ) | (53 | ) | ||||||||
Others | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||||||
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₩ | (475,619 | ) | (482,352 | ) | ||||||||
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2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning balance | Receipt | Acquisition | Offset the items of depreciation expense and others | Disposal | Others | Ending balance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash | ₩ | (17,653 | ) | (49,618 | ) | — | — | — | 37,530 | (29,741 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Land | (3,106 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | (3,106 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Buildings | (46,097 | ) | — | — | 3,713 | — | (2,003 | ) | (44,387 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Structures | (170,474 | ) | — | — | 8,560 | 1,394 | (16,653 | ) | (177,173 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Machinery | (97,725 | ) | — | — | 9,162 | 360 | (16,909 | ) | (105,112 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Vehicles | (2 | ) | — | — | 46 | — | (172 | ) | (128 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Equipment | (301 | ) | — | — | 245 | — | (866 | ) | (922 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Tools | (448 | ) | — | — | 256 | — | — | (192 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction-in-progress | (89,600 | ) | — | 338 | — | — | (5,414 | ) | (94,676 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Investment properties | (246 | ) | — | — | 7 | — | (4 | ) | (243 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Software | (409 | ) | — | — | 264 | — | (53 | ) | (198 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Development expenditures | (11,653 | ) | — | — | 5,395 | — | (6,113 | ) | (12,371 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets under development | (10,653 | ) | — | 3,348 | — | — | — | (7,305 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Usage rights of donated assets and other | (75 | ) | — | — | 143 | — | (132 | ) | (64 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | (1 | ) | — | — | 3 | — | (3 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | (448,443) | (49,618 | ) | 3,686 | 27,794 | 1,754 | (10,792 | ) | (475,619 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning balance | Receipt | Acquisition | Offset the items of depreciation expense and others | Disposal | Others | Ending balance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash | ₩ | (29,741 | ) | (92,000 | ) | — | — | — | 121,741 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Land | (3,106 | ) | — | — | — | — | (31 | ) | (3,137 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Buildings | (44,387 | ) | — | — | 3,943 | — | (4,952 | ) | (45,396 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Structures | (177,173 | ) | — | — | 8,389 | 1,733 | (26,138 | ) | (193,189 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Machinery | (105,112 | ) | — | — | 9,507 | 376 | (6,579 | ) | (101,808 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Vehicles | (128 | ) | — | — | 45 | — | — | (83 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Equipment | (922 | ) | — | — | 311 | — | (96 | ) | (707 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Tools | (192 | ) | — | — | 155 | — | (275 | ) | (312 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction-in-progress | (94,676 | ) | — | 25,669 | — | — | (48,721 | ) | (117,728 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Investment properties | (243 | ) | — | — | 3 | — | 227 | (13 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Software | (198 | ) | — | — | 160 | — | (390 | ) | (428 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Development expenditures | (12,371 | ) | — | — | 5,686 | — | (5,020 | ) | (11,705 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets under development | (7,305 | ) | — | 5,358 | — | — | (5,845 | ) | (7,792 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Usage rights of donated assets and other | (64 | ) | — | — | 11 | — | — | (53 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | (1 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | (1 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | (475,619) | (92,000 | ) | 31,027 | 28,210 | 2,109 | 23,921 | (482,352 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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28. | Deferred Revenues |
Deferred revenue related to the Company’s construction contracts as of December 31, 2012 and 2013 are as follows and included in current and non-current non-financial liabilities in the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position:
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||
Beginning balance | ₩ | 5,428,993 | 6,031,311 | |||||||||
Increase during the current year | 903,322 | 800,618 | ||||||||||
Offset during the current year | (301,004 | ) | (325,290 | ) | ||||||||
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Ending balance | ₩ | 6,031,311 | 6,506,639 | |||||||||
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29. | Non-financial Liabilities |
Non-financial liabilities as of December 31, 2012 and 2013 are as follows:
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
Current | Non-current | Current | Non-current | |||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
Advance received | ₩ | 3,095,628 | 407,819 | 3,533,965 | 632,661 | |||||||||||||||
Unearned revenue | 31,660 | 130,426 | 46,546 | 108,222 | ||||||||||||||||
Deferred revenue | 293,792 | 5,737,519 | 323,463 | 6,183,176 | ||||||||||||||||
Withholdings | 254,700 | 3,886 | 257,365 | 43,280 | ||||||||||||||||
Others | 441,660 | 19,000 | 569,292 | 18,302 | ||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 4,117,440 | 6,298,650 | 4,730,631 | 6,985,641 | ||||||||||||||||
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30. | Contributed Capital |
(1) |
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | |||||||||||||||
Current | Non-current | Current | Non-current | |||||||||||||
Advance received | ₩ | 3,095,628 | ₩ | 407,819 | ₩ | 2,866,238 | ₩ | 6,607 | ||||||||
Unearned revenue | 31,660 | 130,426 | 47,620 | 152,750 | ||||||||||||
Deferred revenue | 293,792 | 5,737,519 | — | 5,428,993 | ||||||||||||
Withholdings | 254,700 | 3,886 | 236,834 | 4,911 | ||||||||||||
Others | 441,660 | 19,000 | 390,870 | 17,749 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
₩ | 4,117,440 | ₩ | 6,298,650 | ₩ | 3,541,562 | ₩ | 5,611,010 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dec. 31, 2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares authorized | Shares issued | Par value per share | Owned by Government(*1) | Others | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
Common shares | 1,200,000,000 | 641,964,077 | ₩ | 5,000 | ₩ | 1,640,385 | ₩ | 1,569,435 | ₩ | 3,209,820 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dec. 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares authorized | Shares issued | Par value per share | Owned by Government(*1) | Others | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
Common shares | 1,200,000,000 | 641,964,077 | ₩ | 5,000 | ₩ | 1,640,385 | ₩ | 1,569,435 | ₩ | 3,209,820 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares authorized | Shares issued | Par value per share | Owned by government(*) | Owned by others | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won except share information | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common shares | 1,200,000,000 | 641,964,077 | ₩ | 5,000 | 1,640,385 | 1,569,435 | 3,209,820 |
(* |
2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares authorized | Shares issued | Par value per share | Owned by government(*) | Owned by others | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won except share information | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common shares | 1,200,000,000 | 641,964,077 | ₩ | 5,000 | 1,640,385 | 1,569,435 | 3,209,820 |
(2) |
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Beginning balance | 641,964,077 | 641,567,712 | ||||||
Increased shares issued(*1) | — | 396,365 | ||||||
|
|
|
| |||||
Ending balance | 641,964,077 | 641,964,077 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
(3) |
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | |||||||
Share premium | ₩ | 843,758 | ₩ | 843,758 | ||||
|
|
|
|
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||
Share premium | ₩ | 843,758 | 843,758 |
(1) |
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||
Legal reserve(*1) | ₩ | 1,603,919 | ₩ | 1,603,919 | ||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
Legal reserve(*) | ₩ | 1,603,919 | 1,603,919 | |||||||||||||||||
Voluntary reserves | 25,961,315 | 21,766,678 | 25,961,315 | 22,753,160 | ||||||||||||||||
Retained earnings before appropriations | 4,999,049 | 12,398,497 | 4,999,049 | 8,409,007 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||
Retained earnings | ₩ | 32,564,283 | ₩ | 35,769,094 | ₩ | 32,564,283 | 32,766,086 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
(* | The KEPCO Act requires the Company to appropriate a legal reserve equal to at least 20 percent of net income for each accounting period until the reserve equals 50 percent of the Company’s common stock. The legal reserve is not available for cash dividends; however, this reserve may be credited to paid-in capital or offset against accumulated deficit by the resolution of the shareholders. |
(2) |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||
Reserve for investment on social overhead capital | ₩ | 5,277,449 | ₩ | 5,277,449 | ₩ | 5,277,449 | 5,277,449 | |||||||||||||
Reserve for research and human development(*1) | 330,000 | 330,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Reserve for research and human development(*) | 330,000 | 330,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Reserve for business expansion | 20,143,866 | 15,949,229 | 20,143,866 | 16,935,711 | ||||||||||||||||
Reserve for equalizing dividends | 210,000 | 210,000 | 210,000 | 210,000 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||
₩ | 25,961,315 | ₩ | 21,766,678 | ₩ | 25,961,315 | 22,753,160 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
(* | The reserve for research and human development is appropriated by the Company to use as qualified tax credits to reduce corporate tax liabilities. The reserve is available for cash dividends for a certain period as defined by the Tax Incentive Control Law of Korea. |
(3) | Changes in retained earnings for the years ended December 31, 2012 and |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||
Beginning balance | ₩ | 35,769,094 | ₩ | 39,296,232 | ₩ | 35,769,094 | 32,564,283 | |||||||||||||
Net loss attributable to Owners of the parent Company | (3,166,616 | ) | (3,370,464 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net loss for the period attributed to owner of the Company | (3,166,616 | ) | 60,011 | |||||||||||||||||
Changes in equity method retained earnings | (846 | ) | (5,002 | ) | (846 | ) | 7,671 | |||||||||||||
Actuarial losses | (37,349 | ) | (151,672 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Actuarial profits (losses) | (37,349 | ) | 134,121 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||
Ending balance | ₩ | 32,564,283 | ₩ | 35,769,094 | ₩ | 32,564,283 | 32,766,086 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
(4) | Dividends paid for the years ended December 31, 2012 and |
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Number of shares issued | Number of treasury shares | Number of shares eligible for dividends | Dividends Paid | Dividends paid per share | ||||||||||||||||
Common shares | 641,964,077 | 18,929,995 | 623,034,082 | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Preferred shares | — | — | — | — | — |
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Number of shares issued | Number of treasury stocks | Number of shares eligible for dividends | Dividends Paid | Dividends paid per share | ||||||||||||||||
Common shares | 641,964,077 | 18,929,995 | 623,034,082 | — | — |
2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Number of shares issued | Number of treasury shares | Number of shares eligible for dividends | Dividends Paid | Dividends paid per share | ||||||||||||||||
Common shares | 641,964,077 | 18,929,995 | 623,034,082 | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Preferred shares | — | — | — | — | — |
2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Number of shares issued | Number of treasury stocks | Number of shares eligible for dividends | Dividends Paid | Dividends paid per share | ||||||||||||||||
Common shares | 641,964,077 | 18,929,995 | 623,034,082 | — | — |
(5) | Changes in retained earnings of |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||
Beginning balance | ₩ | (7,058 | ) | ₩ | (2,056 | ) | ₩ | (7,058 | ) | (7,904 | ) | |||||||||
Changes | (1,155 | ) | (9,189 | ) | (1,155 | ) | 7,671 | |||||||||||||
Income tax effect | 309 | 4,187 | 309 | — | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||
Ending balance | ₩ | (7,904 | ) | ₩ | (7,058 | ) | ₩ | (7,904 | ) | (233 | ) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Beginning balance | ₩ | (230,548 | ) | ₩ | (78,876 | ) | ||
Changes | (71,399 | ) | (219,190 | ) | ||||
Income tax effect | 34,050 | 67,518 | ||||||
Transfer to reserve for business expansion | 191,809 | — | ||||||
|
|
|
| |||||
Ending balance | ₩ | (76,088 | ) | ₩ | (230,548 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
For the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company’s retained earnings are expected to bewere appropriated on March 29, 2013.
For the year ended December 31, 2011,2013, the Company’s retained earnings were appropriatedare expected to be appropriate on March 30, 2012.
28, 2014. Statements of appropriation of retained earnings of KEPCO, the parent, for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 20112013 are as follows (KRW in millions):follows:
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
I. RETAINED EARNINGS BEFORE APPROPRIATIONS: | ||||||||
Retained earnings carried over from prior year | ₩ | — | ₩ | 7,826,305 | ||||
Effect of transition to IFRS | — | — | ||||||
Loss for the period | (3,226,597 | ) | (3,514,130 | ) | ||||
Actuarial losses | 18,442 | (117,537 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
| |||||
(3,208,155 | ) | 4,194,638 | ||||||
|
|
|
| |||||
II. TRANSFER FROM VOLUNTARY RESERVES: | ||||||||
Transfer from reserve for business expansion | 3,208,155 | — | ||||||
|
|
|
| |||||
3,208,155 | — | |||||||
|
|
|
| |||||
III. SUBTOTAL (I + II) | ₩ | — | ₩ | 4,194,638 | ||||
|
|
|
| |||||
IV. APPROPRIATIONS OF RETAINED EARNINGS: | ||||||||
Transfer to reserve for business expansion | — | (4,194,638 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
| |||||
— | (4,194,638 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
| |||||
V. UNAPPROPRIATED RETAINED EARNINGS TO BE | ||||||||
Carried forward to subsequent year | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ||||
|
|
|
|
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||
In millions of won except for dividends per share | ||||||||||||
I. Retained Earnings Before Appropriations | ||||||||||||
Unappropriated retained earnings carried over from prior years | ₩ | — | — | |||||||||
Net income (loss) | (3,226,597 | ) | 238,307 | |||||||||
Remeasurements of the defined benefit plan | 18,442 | 64,956 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
(3,208,155 | ) | 303,263 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
II. Transfer from voluntary reserves | 3,208,155 | — | ||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
III. Subtotal (I+II) | — | 303,263 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
IV. Appropriations of retained earnings | — | (303,263 | ) | |||||||||
Legal reserve | — | (991 | ) | |||||||||
Dividends (government, individual) | ||||||||||||
(Amount of dividends per share (%) : Current year—₩90 (1.8%) Prior year—none ) | — | (56,073 | ) | |||||||||
Reserve for business expansion | — | (246,199 | ) | |||||||||
V. Unappropriated retained earnings to be carried over forward to subsequent year | — | — |
33. | Hybrid Bonds |
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. and Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. which are wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company, issued bond-type hybrid bonds for the year ended December 31, 2013. Bond-type hybrid securities classified as equity (non-controlling interest) as of December 31, 2013 are as follows:
Issuer | Hybrid Bond | Issued date | Maturity | Yield (%) | Amount | |||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||
Korea Western | 1st bond-type hybrid bond | 2012.10.18 | 2042.10.18 | 5yr government bond rate + 1.20 | ₩ | 100,000 | ||||||||||
Korea South-East | 1st bond-type hybrid bond | 2012.12.07 | 2042.12.06 | 4.38 | 170,000 | |||||||||||
Korea South-East | 2nd bond-type hybrid bond | 2012.12.07 | 2042.12.06 | 4.44 | 230,000 | |||||||||||
Expense of Issuance | (1,340 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
| |||||||||||||||
₩ | 498,660 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
Although these instruments have contractual maturity dates, the contractual agreements allow the Company to indefinitely extend the maturity dates and defer the payment of interest without modification to the other terms of the instruments. When the Company decides to not pay dividends on ordinary shares, the Company is not required to pay interest on the hybrid bonds.
Substantially, as these instruments have no contractual obligation to pay principal and interest, these instruments have been classified as equity (non-controlling interest).
(1) | Other components of equity of the parent as of December 31, 2012 and |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||
Other capital surpluses | ₩ | 705,448 | ₩ | 639,028 | ₩ | 705,448 | 830,982 | |||||||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income | 11,957 | 255,095 | 11,957 | 55,538 | ||||||||||||||||
Treasury shares | (741,489 | ) | (741,489 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Treasury stocks | (741,489 | ) | (741,489 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Other equity | 13,294,990 | 13,294,990 | 13,294,990 | 13,294,973 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||
₩ | 13,270,906 | ₩ | 13,447,624 | ₩ | 13,270,906 | 13,440,004 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
(2) | Changes in other capital |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | Gains on disposal of treasury stocks | Others | Subtotal | Gains on disposal of treasury stocks | Others | Subtotal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gains on disposal of treasury shares | Others | Gains on disposal of treasury shares | Others | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning balance | ₩ | 303,028 | ₩ | 336,000 | ₩ | 303,028 | ₩ | 266,602 | ₩ | 303,028 | 336,000 | 639,028 | 303,028 | 402,420 | 705,448 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Disposal of subsidiary | — | 87,624 | — | 91,541 | — | 87,624 | 87,624 | — | 183,522 | 183,522 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Increase of shares issued | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reduction of shares issued | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of share capital of subsidiary | — | — | — | — | (155 | ) | (155 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in consolidation scope | — | — | — | — | (10,224 | ) | (10,224 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax effect | — | (21,204 | ) | — | (22,143 | ) | — | (21,204 | ) | (21,204 | ) | — | (47,609 | ) | (47,609 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ending balance | ₩ | 303,028 | ₩ | 402,420 | ₩ | 303,028 | ₩ | 336,000 | ₩ | 303,028 | 402,420 | 705,448 | 303,028 | 527,954 | 830,982 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3) | Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |
2012 | ||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale financial asset valuation reserve | Share in other comprehensive income of investments in associates and joint ventures | Reverse for overseas operations translation credit | Reverse for gains(loss) on valuation of derivatives | |||||||||||||
Beginning balance | ₩ | (26,184 | ) | ₩ | 239,447 | ₩ | 34,488 | ₩ | 7,344 | |||||||
Net change in fair value of available- for-sale financial assets | 2,255 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
Valuation of investments in associates and joint ventures | — | (95,889 | ) | — | — | |||||||||||
Overseas operations translation | — | — | (104,595 | ) | — | |||||||||||
Valuation of derivatives | — | — | — | (44,909 | ) | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Ending balance | ₩ | (23,929 | ) | ₩ | 143,558 | ₩ | (70,107 | ) | ₩ | (37,565 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale financial asset valuation reserve | Shares in other comprehensive income of investments in associates and joint ventures | Reserve for overseas operations translation credit | Reserve for gain (loss) on valuation of derivatives | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning balance | ₩ | (26,184 | ) | 239,447 | 34,488 | 7,344 | 255,095 | |||||||||||||||||
Changes in the unrealized fair value of available- for-sale financial assets, net of tax | 2,255 | — | — | — | 2,255 | |||||||||||||||||||
Shares in other comprehensive income of associates and joint ventures, net of tax | — | (95,889 | ) | — | — | (95,889 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation of foreign operations, net of tax | — | — | (104,595 | ) | — | (104,595 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Net change in the unrealized fair value of derivatives using cash flow hedge accounting, net of tax | — | — | — | (44,909 | ) | (44,909 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Ending balance | ₩ | (23,929 | ) | 143,558 | (70,107 | ) | (37,565 | ) | 11,957 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011 | ||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale financial asset valuation reserve | Share in other comprehensive income of investments in associates and joint ventures | Reverse for overseas operations translation credit | Reverse for gains(loss) on valuation of derivatives | |||||||||||||
Beginning balance | ₩ | 148,753 | ₩ | 188,566 | ₩ | (7,685 | ) | ₩ | 25,992 | |||||||
Net change in fair value of available- for-sale financial assets | (174,937 | ) | — | — | — | |||||||||||
Valuation of investments in associates and joint ventures | — | 50,881 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Overseas operations translation | — | — | 42,173 | — | ||||||||||||
Valuation of derivatives | — | — | — | (18,648 | ) | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Ending balance | ₩ | (26,184 | ) | ₩ | 239,447 | ₩ | 34,488 | ₩ | 7,344 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale financial asset valuation reserve | Shares in other comprehensive income of investments in associates and joint ventures | Reserve for overseas operations translation credit | Reserve for gain (loss) on valuation of derivatives | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning balance | ₩ | (23,929 | ) | 143,558 | (70,107 | ) | (37,565 | ) | 11,957 | |||||||||||||||
Changes in the unrealized fair value of available- for-sale financial assets, net of tax | 86,543 | — | — | — | 86,543 | |||||||||||||||||||
Shares in other comprehensive income of associates and joint ventures, net of tax | — | 38,703 | — | — | 38,703 | |||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation of foreign operations, net of tax | — | — | (100,572 | ) | — | (100,572 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Net change in the unrealized fair value of derivatives using cash flow hedge accounting, net of tax | — | — | — | 18,907 | 18,907 | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Ending balance | ₩ | 62,614 | 182,261 | (170,679 | ) | (18,658 | ) | 55,538 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4) |
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Beginning balance | ₩ | (741,489 | ) | ₩ | (741,489 | ) | ||
Changes | — | — | ||||||
|
|
|
| |||||
Ending balance | ₩ | (741,489 | ) | ₩ | (741,489 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
(5) | Changes in other equity for the years ended December 31, 2012 and |
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Beginning balance | ₩ | 13,294,990 | ₩ | 13,295,000 | ||||
Changes | — | (10 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
| |||||
Ending balance | ₩ | 13,294,990 | ₩ | 13,294,990 | ||||
|
|
|
|
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||
Statutory revaluation reserve | ₩ | 13,295,098 | 13,295,098 | |||||||||
Changes in other equity | (108 | ) | (125 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
| |||||||||
₩ | 13,294,990 | 13,294,973 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | Domestic | Overseas | Domestic | Overseas | Domestic | Overseas | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic | Overseas | Domestic | Overseas | Domestic | Overseas | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sales of goods | ₩ | 41,135,735 | 261,734 | 46,667,133 | 239,454 | 50,876,783 | 256,020 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electricity | ₩ | 45,979,601 | ₩ | — | ₩ | 40,502,913 | ₩ | — | ₩ | 37,202,310 | ₩ | — | 40,502,913 | — | 45,979,601 | — | 50,170,178 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heat supply | 216,417 | — | 190,336 | — | 229,960 | — | 190,336 | — | 216,417 | — | 244,455 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 471,115 | 239,454 | 442,486 | 261,734 | 327,859 | 244,196 | 442,486 | 261,734 | 471,115 | 239,454 | 462,150 | 256,020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sales of service | 186,837 | 135,779 | 215,887 | 141,990 | 198,932 | 127,687 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sales of construction services | 171,411 | 1,283,721 | 98,883 | 1,757,162 | 238,924 | 2,014,159 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 46,667,133 | ₩ | 239,454 | ₩ | 41,135,735 | ₩ | 261,734 | 37,760,129 | 244,196 | ₩ | 41,493,983 | 1,681,234 | 46,981,903 | 2,138,606 | 51,314,639 | 2,397,866 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sales of service | 215,887 | 141,990 | 186,837 | 135,779 | 230,787 | 516,257 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sales of construction contracts | 98,883 | 1,757,162 | 171,411 | 1,283,721 | 97,656 | 657,557 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 46,981,903 | ₩ | 2,138,606 | ₩ | 41,493,983 | ₩ | 1,681,234 | ₩ | 38,088,572 | ₩ | 1,418,010 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Composition of selling and administrative expenses for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 |
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | In millions of won | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Salaries | ₩ | 579,305 | ₩ | 537,137 | ₩ | 532,502 | ₩ | 537,137 | 579,305 | 566,748 | ||||||||||||||||||
Retirement benefit expense | 77,432 | 66,955 | 62,482 | 66,955 | 77,432 | 81,051 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Welfare and benefit expense | 103,088 | 104,588 | 91,731 | 104,588 | 103,088 | 107,342 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Insurance expense | 4,048 | 3,066 | 2,310 | 3,066 | 4,048 | 7,408 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation | 46,498 | 41,900 | 31,560 | 41,900 | 46,498 | 68,222 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | 51,779 | 53,525 | 42,448 | 53,525 | 51,779 | 50,266 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Bad debt expense | 37,447 | 14,269 | 13,098 | 14,269 | 37,447 | 40,446 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Commission | 442,961 | 509,846 | 499,728 | 509,846 | 442,961 | 510,309 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Advertising expense | 23,270 | 21,918 | 22,371 | 21,918 | 23,270 | 28,127 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Training expense | 5,853 | 5,125 | 3,994 | 5,125 | 5,853 | 5,332 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Vehicle maintenance expense | 12,417 | 11,690 | 10,276 | 11,690 | 12,417 | 12,358 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Publishing expense | 2,883 | 2,858 | 2,591 | 2,858 | 2,883 | 3,190 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Business promotion expense | 3,322 | 3,171 | 3,198 | 3,171 | 3,322 | 3,707 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Rent expense | 34,505 | 26,550 | 27,429 | 26,550 | 34,505 | 39,652 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Telecommunication expense | 23,811 | 23,722 | 24,627 | 23,722 | 23,811 | 24,468 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Transportation expense | 387 | 226 | 351 | 226 | 387 | 347 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Taxes and dues | 46,950 | 64,707 | 56,268 | 64,707 | 46,950 | 43,648 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Expendable supplies expense | 4,999 | 3,720 | 3,600 | 3,720 | 4,999 | 4,453 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Water, light and heating expense | 10,384 | 8,683 | 8,797 | 8,683 | 10,384 | 9,669 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Repairs and maintenance expense | 13,199 | 12,232 | 9,659 | 12,232 | 13,199 | 25,512 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Ordinary development expense | 142,264 | 134,929 | 118,767 | 134,929 | 142,264 | 166,106 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Travel expense | 12,984 | 11,019 | 9,350 | 11,019 | 12,984 | 13,146 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Clothing expense | 6,438 | 2,356 | 2,242 | 2,356 | 6,438 | 4,374 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Survey and analysis expense | 815 | 769 | 722 | 769 | 815 | 623 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Membership fee | 672 | 609 | 523 | 609 | 672 | 774 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Sales promotional expense | — | — | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 92,457 | 86,127 | 64,136 | 86,126 | 92,457 | 105,909 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 1,780,168 | ₩ | 1,751,696 | ₩ | 1,644,760 | ₩ | 1,751,696 | 1,780,168 | 1,923,192 | |||||||||||||||||||
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(2) | Other selling and administrative expenses for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 are as follows: |
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||
Sales promotional expenses | ₩ | 21,771 | 19,929 | 22,061 | ||||||||||||
Miscellaneous wages | 17,971 | 25,437 | 34,284 | |||||||||||||
Litigation and filing expenses | 9,180 | 7,931 | 9,501 | |||||||||||||
Compensation for damages | 8,381 | 1,634 | 2,289 | |||||||||||||
Outsourcing expenses | 2,138 | 5,081 | 4,002 | |||||||||||||
Reward expenses | 3,014 | 3,222 | 2,507 | |||||||||||||
Others | 23,672 | 29,223 | 31,265 | |||||||||||||
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|
|
|
| |||||||||||
₩ | 86,127 | 92,457 | 105,909 | |||||||||||||
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|
|
(1) | Other |
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | In millions of won | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reversal of other provisions | ₩ | 18,472 | ₩ | 110 | ₩ | 14,754 | ₩ | 110 | 18,472 | 11,743 | ||||||||||||||||||
Reversal of allowance for bad debts | 152 | 460 | 6,952 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reversal of allowance for doubtful accounts | 460 | 152 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gains on assets contributed | 16,486 | 4,392 | 1,390 | 4,392 | 16,486 | 14,392 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Gains on liabilities exempted | 2,329 | 4,578 | 5,679 | 4,578 | 2,329 | 2,425 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and reparations revenue | 82,021 | 30,350 | 12,501 | 30,350 | 82,021 | 94,064 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Electricity infrastructure development fund | 35,804 | 48,154 | 41,189 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gains on electricity infrastructure development fund | 48,154 | 35,804 | 50,808 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue from research contracts | 8,922 | 6,124 | 542 | 6,124 | 8,922 | 10,815 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue related to transfer of assets from customers | 301,004 | 280,458 | 257,505 | 280,458 | 301,004 | 325,290 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Rental income | 185,735 | 180,562 | 168,386 | 180,562 | 185,735 | 187,351 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 24,075 | 43,114 | 28,017 | 43,114 | 24,075 | 28,569 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 675,000 | ₩ | 598,302 | ₩ | 536,915 | ₩ | 598,302 | 675,000 | 725,457 | |||||||||||||||||||
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(2) |
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||
Refund of claim for rectification | ₩ | 19,420 | 12,417 | 9,796 | ||||||||||||
Adjustment of research project | 1,003 | 2,492 | 3,891 | |||||||||||||
Maintenance expenses on lease building | 876 | 1,110 | 2,320 | |||||||||||||
Training expenses | 1,157 | 934 | 3,657 | |||||||||||||
Deposit redemption | 1,427 | 2,154 | 142 | |||||||||||||
Reversal of expenses on litigation | — | — | 2,340 | |||||||||||||
Compensation for land incorporation | 1,001 | 924 | — | |||||||||||||
Revenue on royalty fee | — | — | 2,471 | |||||||||||||
Harbor facilities dues of DangJin thermal power plant | 880 | 1,002 | — | |||||||||||||
Others | 17,350 | 3,042 | 3,952 | |||||||||||||
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|
|
| |||||||||||
₩ | 43,114 | 24,075 | 28,569 | |||||||||||||
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|
(3) | Other |
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Compensation and reparations expense | ₩ | — | ₩ | 2,000 | ₩ | — | ||||||
Transfer to other provisions | 498 | 238 | 22,004 | |||||||||
Depreciation expenses on investment properties | 974 | 927 | 1,129 | |||||||||
Depreciation expenses on assets not in use | 9,699 | 6,619 | 6,723 | |||||||||
Other bad debt expense | 3,994 | 867 | 471 | |||||||||
Donations | 34,550 | 100,352 | 30,874 | |||||||||
Others | 24,852 | 36,592 | 8,586 | |||||||||
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|
| |||||||
₩ | 74,567 | ₩ | 147,595 | ₩ | 69,787 | |||||||
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|
|
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||
Compensation and reparations expense | ₩ | 2,000 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Accretion expenses of other provisions | 238 | 498 | 443 | |||||||||||||
Depreciation expenses on investment properties | 927 | 974 | 908 | |||||||||||||
Depreciation expenses on idle assets | 6,619 | 9,699 | 6,661 | |||||||||||||
Other bad debt expense | 867 | 3,994 | 8,665 | |||||||||||||
Donations | 100,352 | 34,550 | 57,970 | |||||||||||||
Others | 36,592 | 24,852 | 25,164 | |||||||||||||
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|
|
|
| |||||||||||
₩ | 147,595 | 74,567 | 99,811 | |||||||||||||
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|
|
(4) |
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Other profit | ||||||||||||
Gains on disposition of property plant, and equipment | ₩ | 32,797 | ₩ | 38,776 | ₩ | 42,037 | ||||||
Reversal of Impairment loss on intangible assets | 7 | — | 16 | |||||||||
Gains on foreign currency translation(*2) | 5,174 | 1,659 | 4,634 | |||||||||
Gains on foreign currency transaction(*2) | 67,006 | 100,811 | 90,452 | |||||||||
Insurance proceeds | 5,375 | — | 34 | |||||||||
Others | 168,869 | 213,624 | 219,110 | |||||||||
Other loss | ||||||||||||
Loss on disposition of property plant, and equipment | (39,942 | ) | (31,228 | ) | (46,882 | ) | ||||||
Loss on disposition of intangible assets | (44 | ) | (5 | ) | (12 | ) | ||||||
Impairment loss on property, plant, and equipment | — | — | (26,648 | ) | ||||||||
Impairment loss on intangible assets | (459 | ) | (221 | ) | (451 | ) | ||||||
Impairment loss on non-current non-financial assets(*1) | (1,877,371 | ) | — | — | ||||||||
Loss on foreign currency translation(*2) | (1,312 | ) | (5,402 | ) | (3,603 | ) | ||||||
Loss on foreign currency transaction(*2) | (65,892 | ) | (98,806 | ) | (97,210 | ) | ||||||
Others | (76,043 | ) | (53,505 | ) | (63,270 | ) | ||||||
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| |||||||
₩ | (1,781,835 | ) | ₩ | 165,703 | ₩ | 118,207 | ||||||
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|
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|
|
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses related to the idle assets | ₩ | 1,230 | 1,254 | 1,034 | ||||||||||||
Research grants | 4,223 | 877 | 551 | |||||||||||||
Supporting expenses on farming and fishing village | — | 11,727 | 16,162 | |||||||||||||
Operating expenses on fitness center | 1,823 | 2,240 | 2,382 | |||||||||||||
Expenses on adjustment of research and development grants | 625 | 2,860 | 1,272 | |||||||||||||
Forfeit of taxes and dues | — | — | 2,442 | |||||||||||||
Expenses on unauthorized provision payment of decommissioning cost | 23,475 | 1,307 | — | |||||||||||||
Others | 5,216 | 4,587 | 1,321 | |||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||
₩ | 36,592 | 24,852 | 25,164 | |||||||||||||
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38. | Other Gains (Losses) |
(1) | Composition of other gains (losses) for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 are as follows: |
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||
Other gains | ||||||||||||||||
Gains on disposal of property plant, and equipment | ₩ | 38,776 | 32,797 | 59,345 | ||||||||||||
Gains on disposal of intangible assets | — | 15 | 4 | |||||||||||||
Gains on disposal of other non-current assets | — | 584 | — | |||||||||||||
Reversal of impairment loss on intangible assets | — | 7 | 121 | |||||||||||||
Gains on foreign currency translation | 1,659 | 5,174 | 2,835 | |||||||||||||
Gains on foreign currency transaction | 100,811 | 67,006 | 62,817 | |||||||||||||
Insurance proceeds | — | 5,375 | 1,700 | |||||||||||||
Others | 213,624 | 168,270 | 208,554 | |||||||||||||
Other losses | ||||||||||||||||
Losses on disposal of property plant and equipment | (31,228 | ) | (39,942 | ) | (58,852 | ) | ||||||||||
Losses on disposal of intangible assets | (5 | ) | (44 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||||||||
Impairment loss on property, plant and equipment | — | — | (1,161 | ) | ||||||||||||
Impairment loss on intangible assets | (221 | ) | (459 | ) | (267 | ) | ||||||||||
Impairment loss on other non-current non-financial assets(*) | — | (1,877,371 | ) | — | ||||||||||||
Losses on foreign currency translation | (5,402 | ) | (1,312 | ) | (9,978 | ) | ||||||||||
Losses on foreign currency transaction | (98,806 | ) | (65,892 | ) | (59,907 | ) | ||||||||||
Others | (53,505 | ) | (76,043 | ) | (76,696 | ) | ||||||||||
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| |||||||||||
₩ | 165,703 | (1,781,835 | ) | 128,514 | ||||||||||||
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|
(* | The impairment on other non-current non-financial assets was recognized for the full |
(2) | Details of others of other gains for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 are as follows: |
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||
Gains on disposal of inventories | ₩ | 12,901 | 13,434 | 11,387 | ||||||||||||
Gains on valuation of inventories | 1 | 19 | 903 | |||||||||||||
Gains on proxy collection of TV license fee | 35,443 | 36,036 | 36,706 | |||||||||||||
Gains on compensation of impaired electric poles | 11,323 | 11,628 | 5,407 | |||||||||||||
Gains on compensation for infringement on contract | 6,910 | 2,353 | 4,311 | |||||||||||||
Gains on harbor facilities dues | 5,047 | 4,804 | 4,745 | |||||||||||||
Technical fees | 3,432 | 1,442 | 3,940 | |||||||||||||
Reversal of occupation development training fees | 1,761 | 2,465 | 2,369 | |||||||||||||
Gains on disposal of waste | 3,652 | 2,915 | 9,979 | |||||||||||||
Gains on insurance | 11,764 | 3,071 | 12,828 | |||||||||||||
Gains on litigation | 2,568 | 870 | 5,813 | |||||||||||||
Interests on tax rebate | 1,166 | 1,522 | 9,258 | |||||||||||||
Gains on other commission | 18,154 | 19,414 | 14,288 | |||||||||||||
Gains on settlement and others | 26,350 | 2,868 | 11,205 | |||||||||||||
Others | 73,152 | 65,429 | 75,415 | |||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||
₩ | 213,624 | 168,270 | 208,554 | |||||||||||||
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(3) |
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||
Losses on valuation of inventories | ₩ | 6,747 | 6,920 | 1,604 | ||||||||||||
Losses on disposal of inventories | 4,944 | 2,360 | 1,778 | |||||||||||||
Losses due to disaster | 11,203 | 29,090 | 4,456 | |||||||||||||
Losses on rounding adjustment of electric charge surtax | 1,129 | 1,168 | 1,174 | |||||||||||||
Losses on adjustments of levies | 6,075 | 3,023 | 41,176 | |||||||||||||
Losses on write-off | — | — | 3,627 | |||||||||||||
Penalty on taxes and dues | 244 | 2,742 | 2,116 | |||||||||||||
Commission and others | — | 3,962 | 821 | |||||||||||||
Others | 23,163 | 26,778 | 19,944 | |||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||
₩ | 53,505 | 76,043 | 76,696 | |||||||||||||
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|
(1) | Finance income for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 |
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Interest income | ₩ | 204,123 | ₩ | 291,625 | ₩ | 120,422 | ||||||
Dividends income | 10,452 | 18,894 | 3,341 | |||||||||
Gains on disposition of financial assets | 189 | — | 1,137 | |||||||||
Gains on valuation of derivatives | 3,289 | 171,341 | 27,387 | |||||||||
Gains on transaction of derivatives | 38,745 | 30,660 | 98,809 | |||||||||
Gains on foreign currency translation(*1) | 786,139 | 8,172 | 209,245 | |||||||||
Gains on foreign currency transaction(*1) | 85,420 | 86,779 | 131,150 | |||||||||
Other finance income | — | 121 | — | |||||||||
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| |||||||
₩ | 1,128,357 | ₩ | 607,592 | ₩ | 591,491 | |||||||
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|
|
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||
Interest income | ₩ | 291,625 | 204,123 | 182,161 | ||||||||||||
Dividends income | 18,894 | 10,452 | 9,870 | |||||||||||||
Gains on disposal of financial assets | — | 189 | 196 | |||||||||||||
Gains on valuation of derivatives | 171,341 | 3,289 | 16,927 | |||||||||||||
Gains on transaction of derivatives | 30,660 | 38,745 | 120,948 | |||||||||||||
Gains on foreign currency translation | 8,172 | 786,139 | 263,311 | |||||||||||||
Gains on foreign currency transaction | 86,779 | 85,420 | 36,129 | |||||||||||||
Other finance income | 121 | — | — | |||||||||||||
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|
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| |||||||||||
₩ | 607,592 | 1,128,357 | 629,542 | |||||||||||||
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|
|
(2) | Interest income included in finance income for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 |
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | In millions of won | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | ₩ | 86,722 | ₩ | 72,534 | ₩ | 63,518 | ₩ | 43,822 | 63,456 | 60,301 | ||||||||||||||||||
Held-to-maturity investments | 69 | 85 | 90 | 85 | 69 | 64 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale financial assets | — | — | 1,150 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans and receivables | 47,028 | 202,104 | 35,291 | 188,457 | 47,028 | 42,418 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts and other receivables | 70,304 | 16,902 | 21,523 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trade and other receivables | 16,902 | 70,304 | 60,237 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other financial assets | — | — | 1,082 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Short-term financial instrument | 42,359 | 23,250 | 16,896 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term financial instrument | — | 16 | 13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
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|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 204,123 | ₩ | 291,625 | ₩ | 120,422 | ₩ | 291,625 | 204,123 | 182,161 | |||||||||||||||||||
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(1) | Finance |
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Interest expense | ₩ | 2,344,328 | ₩ | 2,123,579 | ₩ | 2,045,684 | ||||||
Impairment loss on available-for-sale financial assets | 40,156 | — | 227 | |||||||||
Loss on valuation of derivatives | 577,837 | 46,325 | 235,194 | |||||||||
Loss on transaction of derivatives | 61,825 | 80,369 | 87,336 | |||||||||
Loss on foreign currency translation(*1) | 23,138 | 230,441 | 100,118 | |||||||||
Loss on foreign currency transaction(*1) | 21,037 | 38,136 | 89,866 | |||||||||
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| |||||||
₩ | 3,068,321 | ₩ | 2,518,850 | ₩ | 2,558,425 | |||||||
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|
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expense | ₩ | 2,123,579 | 2,344,328 | 2,381,900 | ||||||||||||
Losses on sale of financial assets | — | — | 4,202 | |||||||||||||
Impairment of available-for-sale financial assets | — | 40,156 | 12,592 | |||||||||||||
Losses on valuation of derivatives | 46,325 | 577,837 | 263,777 | |||||||||||||
Losses on transaction of derivatives | 80,369 | 61,825 | 107,582 | |||||||||||||
Losses on foreign currency translation | 230,441 | 23,138 | 60,597 | |||||||||||||
Losses on foreign currency transaction | 38,136 | 21,037 | 100,972 | |||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||
₩ | 2,518,850 | 3,068,321 | 2,931,622 | |||||||||||||
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|
(2) |
Interest expense included in finance |
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts and other payables | ₩ | 118,372 | ₩ | 147,882 | ₩ | 268,120 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trade and other payables | ₩ | 147,882 | 118,372 | 102,388 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Short-term borrowings | 52,025 | 101,304 | 21,449 | 101,304 | 52,025 | 32,928 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term borrowings | 221,917 | 201,252 | 150,902 | 201,252 | 221,917 | 191,638 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Debentures | 2,154,599 | 1,936,682 | 1,764,938 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt securities | 1,936,682 | 2,154,599 | 2,234,148 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exchangeable bonds | — | 2,533 | 2,515 | 2,533 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Other financial liabilities | 398,717 | 307,272 | 274,187 | 307,272 | 398,717 | 564,139 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||
2,945,630 | 2,696,925 | 2,482,111 | 2,696,925 | 2,945,630 | 3,125,241 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||
Capitalized borrowing costs | (601,302 | ) | (573,346 | ) | (436,427 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Less: Capitalized borrowing costs | (573,346 | ) | (601,302 | ) | (743,341 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 2,344,328 | ₩ | 2,123,579 | ₩ | 2,045,684 | ₩ | 2,123,579 | 2,344,328 | 2,381,900 | |||||||||||||||||||
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|
Capitalization rates for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 2011 and 20102013 are 3.67% ~ 5.30%, 3.25% to~ 5.31%, 3.67% to 5.30% and 3.28% to 5.36%3.71% ~ 4.33%, respectively.
(1) | Income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 |
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | In millions of won | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current income tax expense | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Payment of income tax | ₩ | 139,006 | ₩ | 575,972 | ₩ | 393,984 | ₩ | 569,746 | 140,969 | 172,574 | ||||||||||||||||||
Adjustment recognized in the period for current tax of prior period | 28,271 | (44,524 | ) | (65,184 | ) | (44,524 | ) | 28,271 | (11,833 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Current income tax directly recognized in equity | 36,175 | 35,799 | 18,600 | 35,799 | 36,175 | (151,076 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Change in tax reserve for uncertain tax position | 1,963 | (6,226 | ) | 101 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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205,415 | 561,021 | 347,501 | 561,021 | 205,415 | 9,665 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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Deferred income tax expense | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Generation and realization of temporary differences | (224,069 | ) | 468,133 | (244,350 | ) | 468,133 | (224,069 | ) | (532,604 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Reclassified from equity to income | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Recognition of unrecognized tax losses in the past, tax credit and temporary differences prior to previous period | 245,914 | (231,527 | ) | 1,130 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Recognition of unrecognized tax losses in the past, tax credit and temporary differences before prior year | (231,527 | ) | 245,914 | (201,420 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Changes in deferred tax on tax losses incurred in the period | (1,212,610 | ) | (1,020,378 | ) | 316,722 | (1,020,378 | ) | (1,212,610 | ) | 93,668 | ||||||||||||||||||
Impairment of deferred tax assets | (27 | ) | 697,779 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax credit carry back | — | (3,525 | ) | 13,037 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrecognized deferred tax assets | 697,779 | (27 | ) | 103,555 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax credit carry forwards | (3,525 | ) | — | (43,658 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Changes in tax rates or tax laws | — | 348,368 | 4,739 | 348,368 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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(1,190,792 | ) | 258,850 | 91,278 | 258,850 | (1,190,792 | ) | (580,459 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Income tax expense (benefit) | ₩ | (985,377 | ) | ₩ | 819,871 | ₩ | 438,779 | ₩ | 819,871 | (985,377 | ) | (570,794 | ) | |||||||||||||||
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(2) | Reconciliation between actual income tax expense (benefit) and |
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit) | ₩ | (4,063,346 | ) | ₩ | (2,473,126 | ) | ₩ | 369,612 | ||||
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Income tax expense (benefit) in accordance with applicable tax rate (tax rate: 24.2%) | (983,330 | ) | (598,496 | ) | 89,446 | |||||||
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Adjustments | ||||||||||||
Additional payment of income taxes and income tax refunds | 18,530 | (36,544 | ) | (74,412 | ) | |||||||
Effect of applying gradual tax rate | (2,332 | ) | (101 | ) | (123 | ) | ||||||
Effect of non-taxable revenue | (159,843 | ) | (153,928 | ) | (79,880 | ) | ||||||
Effect of nondeductible expenses | 29,744 | 315,536 | 69,357 | |||||||||
Effect of tax losses not recognized as deferred tax assets | — | 697,779 | — | |||||||||
Effects of tax credits and deduction | (82,669 | ) | (38,367 | ) | (21,846 | ) | ||||||
Recognition of unrecognized tax losses in the past, tax credit, and temporary differences prior to previous period | (108,511 | ) | (237,686 | ) | 13,314 | |||||||
Effect of changes in deferred tax according to changes in tax rates | 8,444 | 320,244 | 12,794 | |||||||||
Consolidated deferred income tax | 321,041 | 567,134 | 505,065 | |||||||||
Tax reserve for uncertain tax position | 1,533 | (6,915 | ) | — | ||||||||
Others | (27,984 | ) | (8,785 | ) | (74,936 | ) | ||||||
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(2,047 | ) | 1,418,367 | 349,333 | |||||||||
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Income tax expense recognized in income (loss) for the period | ₩ | (985,377 | ) | ₩ | 819,871 | ₩ | 438,779 | |||||
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Mean effective tax rate | 24.25 | % | — | 118.71 | % |
Loss before income tax (expense) benefits Income tax benefit computed at applicable tax rate of 24.2% Adjustments Additional payment of income taxes or receipt of income tax refunds Effect of applying gradual tax rate Effect of non-taxable revenue Effect of non-deductible expenses Effect of tax losses not recognized as deferred tax assets Effects of tax credits and deduction Recognition of unrecognized tax losses in the past, tax credit, and temporary differences before prior year Unrecognized deferred tax assets Consolidated deferred income tax The effect of changes in tax rates (from 22% to 24.2%) Others, net Income tax (expense) benefit Effective tax rateThe corporate tax rates applied to taxable income in 2012 and 2011 are 24.2% respectively and the corporate tax rates applied to taxable income in 2010 is 22% which is applied in Republic of Korea in which the parent company is located. 2011 2012 2013 In millions of won ₩ (2,473,126 ) (4,063,346 ) (396,488 ) 598,496 983,330 95,950 36,544 (18,530 ) 36,003 101 2,332 2,357 153,928 159,843 82,810 (315,536 ) (29,744 ) (13,698 ) (697,779 ) — — 38,367 82,669 335,710 237,686 108,511 179,147 — — (123,227 ) (567,134 ) (321,041 ) (93,984 ) (320,244 ) — — 15,700 18,007 69,726 (1,418,367 ) 2,047 474,844 ₩ (819,871 ) 985,377 570,794 (-)33 % 24 % 144 %
(3) | Deferred income tax directly adjusted to shareholders’ equity (except for accumulated other comprehensive income) for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 |
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Gains on disposition of subsidiary | (21,204 | ) | (22,143 | ) | (31,263 | ) | ||||||
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2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||
Dividends of hybrid securities | ₩ | — | — | 5,455 | ||||||||||||
Loss on disposal of subsidiaries and associates | (22,143 | ) | (21,204 | ) | (47,609 | ) | ||||||||||
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₩ | (22,143) | (21,204 | ) | (42,154 | ) | |||||||||||
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(4) | Income tax recognized as |
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Income tax recognized as cumulative other comprehensive income | ||||||||||||
Gains(loss) on valuation of available-for-sale financial assets | ₩ | 22,774 | ₩ | 3,369 | ₩ | 8,335 | ||||||
Gain(loss) on valuation of derivatives using cash flow hedge accounting | (1,845 | ) | 137 | 23,278 | ||||||||
Actuarial losses on retirement benefit obligations | 34,704 | 66,873 | 24,208 | |||||||||
Investment of associates | (1,377 | ) | (12,763 | ) | (5,958 | ) | ||||||
Others | 3,123 | 326 | — | |||||||||
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₩ | 57,379 | ₩ | 57,942 | ₩ | 49,863 | |||||||
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2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||
Income tax recognized as accumulated other comprehensive income | ||||||||||||||||
Gain (loss) on valuation of available-for-sale financial assets | ₩ | 3,369 | 22,774 | (31,367 | ) | |||||||||||
Net change in the unrealized fair value of derivatives using cash flow hedge accounting, net of tax | 137 | (1,845 | ) | 6,416 | ||||||||||||
Actuarial losses on employee benefit obligations | 66,873 | 34,704 | (73,647 | ) | ||||||||||||
Investments in associates | (12,763 | ) | (1,377 | ) | (10,324 | ) | ||||||||||
Others | 326 | 3,123 | — | |||||||||||||
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₩ | 57,942 | 57,379 | (108,922 | ) | ||||||||||||
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(5) | Changes in deferred income tax assets (liabilities) recognized in the statements of financial position |
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2012 | Beginning balance | Amounts recognized in profit or loss | Amount recognized in other comprehensive income | Amounts recognized directly in equity | Ending balance | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning balance | Amounts recognized in income(loss) for the period | Amounts recognized in cumulative other comprehensive income | Amounts recognized directly in equity | Others | Ending balance | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred income tax on temporary differences | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long term employee benefits | ₩ | 453,084 | ₩ | 59,327 | ₩ | 34,704 | — | — | ₩ | 547,115 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employee benefits | ₩ | 453,084 | 59,327 | 34,704 | — | 547,115 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash flow hedge | (71,459 | ) | 61,940 | (1,845 | ) | — | — | (11,364 | ) | (71,459 | ) | 61,940 | (1,845 | ) | — | (11,364 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investment in associates or subsidiaries | (5,141,190 | ) | (110,133 | ) | (1,377 | ) | (21,204 | ) | — | (5,273,904 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net | (4,940,423 | ) | (1,385,778 | ) | — | — | — | (6,326,201 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investments in associates or subsidiaries | (5,141,190 | ) | (110,133 | ) | (1,377 | ) | (21,204 | ) | (5,273,904 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment | (4,940,423 | ) | (1,385,778 | ) | — | — | (6,326,201 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finance lease | (126,880 | ) | (33,077 | ) | — | — | — | (159,957 | ) | (126,880 | ) | (33,077 | ) | — | — | (159,957 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets | 32,549 | (24,015 | ) | — | — | — | 8,534 | 32,549 | (24,015 | ) | — | — | 8,534 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss | 26,996 | 3,152 | — | — | — | 30,148 | 26,996 | 3,152 | — | — | 30,148 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale financial assets | (119,591 | ) | 22,950 | 22,774 | — | — | (73,867 | ) | (119,591 | ) | 22,950 | 22,774 | — | (73,867 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred revenue | 46,538 | (2,786 | ) | — | — | — | 43,752 | 46,538 | (2,786 | ) | — | — | 43,752 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provisions | 1,742,895 | 1,260,594 | — | — | — | 3,003,489 | 1,742,895 | 1,260,594 | — | — | 3,003,489 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Doubtful receivables | 9 | 50 | — | — | — | 59 | 9 | 50 | — | — | 59 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other finance liabilities | 7,066 | 3,728 | — | — | — | 10,794 | 7,066 | 3,728 | — | — | 10,794 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gains(loss) on foreign exchange translation | 97,078 | (91,061 | ) | — | — | — | 6,017 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for bad Debts | (1,646 | ) | 1,561 | — | — | — | (85 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gain (loss) on foreign exchange translation | 97,078 | (91,061 | ) | — | — | 6,017 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts | (1,646 | ) | 1,561 | — | — | (85 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued income | (2,154 | ) | 813 | — | — | — | (1,341 | ) | (2,154 | ) | 813 | — | — | (1,341 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Special deduction | (194,648 | ) | (277 | ) | — | — | — | (194,925 | ) | (194,648 | ) | (277 | ) | — | — | (194,925 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reserve for research And human development | (33,563 | ) | (6,922 | ) | — | — | — | (40,485 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reserve for research and human development | (33,563 | ) | (6,922 | ) | — | — | (40,485 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 286,400 | 109,347 | 3,123 | — | — | 398,870 | 286,400 | 109,347 | 3,123 | — | 398,870 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(7,938,939 | ) | (130,587 | ) | 57,379 | (21,204 | ) | — | (8,033,351 | ) | (7,938,939 | ) | (130,587 | ) | 57,379 | (21,204 | ) | (8,033,351 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Deferred income tax on unused tax losses and tax credit | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax losses | 1,489,803 | 1,206,362 | — | — | — | 2,696,165 | 1,489,803 | 1,206,362 | — | — | 2,696,165 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax credit | 32,480 | 64,716 | — | — | — | 97,196 | 32,480 | 64,716 | — | — | 97,196 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 2,355 | 14,126 | — | — | — | 16,481 | 2,355 | 14,126 | — | — | 16,481 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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1,524,638 | 1,285,204 | — | — | — | 2,809,842 | 1,524,638 | 1,285,204 | — | — | 2,809,842 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | (6,414,301 | ) | ₩ | 1,154,617 | ₩ | 57,379 | ₩ | (21,204 | ) | ₩ | — | ₩ | (5,223,509 | ) | ₩ | (6,414,301 | ) | 1,154,617 | 57,379 | (21,204 | ) | (5,223,509 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | Beginning balance | Amounts recognized in profit or loss | Amount recognized in other comprehensive income | Amounts recognized directly in equity | Ending balance | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning balance | Amounts recognized in income(loss) for the period | Amounts recognized in cumulative other comprehensive income | Amounts Recognized directly in equity | Disposition | Others | Ending balance | In millions of won | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred income tax on temporary differences | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long term employee benefits | ₩ | 336,321 | ₩ | 48,005 | ₩ | 66,873 | ₩ | — | ₩ | (2,145 | ) | ₩ | 4,030 | ₩ | 453,084 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employee benefits | ₩ | 547,115 | 45,213 | (73,647 | ) | — | 518,681 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash flow hedge | (79,511 | ) | 7,915 | 137 | — | — | — | (71,459 | ) | (11,364 | ) | 56,939 | 6,416 | — | 51,991 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investment in associates or subsidiaries | (4,519,001 | ) | (587,283 | ) | (12,763 | ) | (22,143 | ) | — | — | (5,141,190 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net | (4,799,034 | ) | (141,587 | ) | — | — | 622 | (424 | ) | (4,940,423 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investments in associates or subsidiaries | (5,273,904 | ) | 104,803 | (10,324 | ) | (47,609 | ) | (5,227,034 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment | (6,326,201 | ) | 264,588 | — | — | (6,061,613 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finance lease | (170,075 | ) | 43,290 | — | — | (5 | ) | (90 | ) | (126,880 | ) | (159,957 | ) | 17,876 | — | — | (142,081 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets | 30,247 | 2,145 | — | — | — | 157 | 32,549 | 8,534 | 1,708 | — | — | 10,242 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss | 26,302 | 694 | — | — | — | — | 26,996 | 30,148 | 53,497 | — | — | 83,645 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale financial assets | (110,749 | ) | (12,211 | ) | 3,369 | — | — | — | (119,591 | ) | (73,867 | ) | 4,146 | (31,367 | ) | — | (101,088 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred revenue | 32,562 | 13,976 | — | — | — | — | 46,538 | 43,752 | 201,054 | — | — | 244,806 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provisions | 1,437,030 | 306,827 | — | — | — | (962 | ) | 1,742,895 | 3,003,489 | 147,419 | — | — | 3,150,908 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Doubtful receivables | 54 | (45 | ) | — | — | — | — | 9 | 59 | — | — | — | 59 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other finance | 2,701 | 4,556 | — | — | (191 | ) | — | 7,066 | 10,794 | 9,607 | — | 5,455 | 25,856 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gains(loss) on foreign exchange translation | 118,189 | (21,111 | ) | — | — | — | — | 97,078 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for bad Debts | (1,401 | ) | (245 | ) | — | — | — | — | (1,646 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gains (losses) on foreign exchange translation | 6,017 | (25,181 | ) | — | — | (19,164 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts | (85 | ) | 7,399 | — | — | 7,314 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued income | (1,831 | ) | (323 | ) | — | — | — | — | (2,154 | ) | (1,341 | ) | 93 | — | — | (1,248 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Special deduction | (177,527 | ) | (17,081 | ) | — | — | 48 | (88 | ) | (194,648 | ) | (194,925 | ) | 140 | — | — | (194,785 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reserve for research And human development | (35,158 | ) | 1,631 | — | — | 89 | (125 | ) | (33,563 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reserve for Investment on social overhead capital | (12,348 | ) | 12,348 | — | — | 117 | (117 | ) | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Impairment of non-current assets | — | 86,720 | — | — | 86,720 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reserve for research and human development | (40,485 | ) | (2,658 | ) | — | — | (43,143 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 203,479 | 83,510 | 326 | — | — | (915 | ) | 286,400 | 398,870 | 10,566 | — | — | 409,436 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(7,719,750 | ) | (254,989 | ) | 57,942 | (22,143 | ) | (1,465 | ) | 1,466 | (7,938,939 | ) | (8,033,351 | ) | 983,929 | (108,922 | ) | (42,154 | ) | (7,200,498 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Deferred income tax on unused tax losses and tax credit | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax losses | 1,546,395 | (56,592 | ) | — | — | — | — | 1,489,803 | 2,696,165 | (194,816 | ) | — | — | 2,501,349 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax credit | 17,904 | 14,576 | — | — | — | — | 32,480 | 97,196 | (41,097 | ) | — | — | 56,099 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | — | 2,355 | — | — | — | — | 2,355 | 16,481 | (16,481 | ) | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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1,564,299 | (39,661 | ) | — | — | — | — | 1,524,638 | 2,809,842 | (252,394 | ) | — | — | 2,557,448 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | (6,155,451 | ) | ₩ | (294,650 | ) | ₩ | 57,942 | ₩ | (22,143 | ) | ₩ | (1,465 | ) | ₩ | 1,466 | ₩ | (6,414,301 | ) | ₩ | (5,223,509 | ) | 731,535 | (108,922 | ) | (42,154 | ) | (4,643,050 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(6) | Deferred income tax assets (liabilities) recognized in the statements of financial position as of December 31, 2012 and |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||
Deferred income tax assets | ₩ | 209,783 | ₩ | 372,478 | ₩ | 209,783 | 359,535 | |||||||||||||
Deferred income tax liabilities | (5,433,292 | ) | (6,786,779 | ) | (5,433,292 | ) | (5,002,585 | ) | ||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||
₩ | (5,223,509 | ) | ₩ | (6,414,301 | ) | ₩ | (5,223,509 | ) | (4,643,050 | ) | ||||||||||
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(7) |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||
Deductible temporary differences | ₩ | 300,517 | ₩ | 300,517 | ₩ | 300,517 | 441,955 | |||||||||||||
Tax losses | 2,883,385 | 2,883,385 | ||||||||||||||||||
Tax losses and tax credits carryback | 2,883,385 | 29,775 | ||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||
₩ | 3,183,902 | ₩ | 3,183,902 | ₩ | 3,183,902 | 471,730 | ||||||||||||||
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(8) |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | Tax losses | Tax credits carryback | Tax losses | Tax credits carryback | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax losses | Tax credits carryback | Tax losses | Tax credits carryback | In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less than 1 year | ₩ | 2,883,385 | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | 2,883,385 | — | — | 4,484 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
1~ 2 years | — | — | 2,883,385 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2~ 3 years | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 ~ 2 years | — | — | — | 5,134 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 ~ 3 years | — | — | — | 16,945 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
More than 3 years | 300,517 | — | 300,517 | — | — | — | — | 3,212 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 3,183,902 | ₩ | — | ₩ | 3,183,902 | ₩ | — | ₩ | 2,883,385 | — | — | 29,775 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Assets held for sale as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 are as follows (KRW in millions):
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| ||||||||
Expenses classified by nature for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 2011 and 20102013 are as follows (KRW in millions):follows:
2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Selling and administrative expenses | Cost of sales | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Selling and administrative expenses | Cost of sales | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Raw materials used | ₩ | — | ₩ | 23,307,996 | ₩ | 23,307,996 | ₩ | — | 20,959,380 | 20,959,380 | ||||||||||||||||||
Salaries | 579,305 | 2,661,869 | 3,241,174 | 537,137 | 2,510,370 | 3,047,507 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement benefit expense | 77,432 | 333,813 | 411,245 | 66,955 | 308,629 | 375,584 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Welfare and benefit expense | 103,088 | 382,098 | 485,186 | 104,588 | 371,475 | 476,063 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Insurance expense | 4,048 | 49,915 | 53,963 | 3,065 | 42,847 | 45,912 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation | 46,498 | 6,846,179 | 6,892,677 | 41,900 | 6,733,214 | 6,775,114 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | 51,779 | 41,581 | 93,360 | 53,525 | 41,204 | 94,729 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Bad debt expense | 37,447 | — | 37,447 | 14,270 | — | 14,270 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Commission | 442,961 | 325,157 | 768,118 | 509,846 | 307,861 | 817,707 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Advertising expense | 23,270 | 6,818 | 30,088 | 21,918 | 6,046 | 27,964 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Training expense | 5,853 | 8,499 | 14,352 | 5,125 | 7,889 | 13,014 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Vehicle maintenance expense | 12,417 | 10,045 | 22,462 | 11,690 | 6,604 | 18,294 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Publishing expense | 2,883 | 4,095 | 6,978 | 2,858 | 5,070 | 7,928 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Business promotion expense | 3,322 | 3,973 | 7,295 | 3,171 | 4,213 | 7,384 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Rent expense | 34,505 | 86,648 | 121,153 | 26,550 | 80,454 | 107,004 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Telecommunication expense | 23,811 | 67,819 | 91,630 | 23,722 | 74,426 | 98,148 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Transportation expense | 387 | 3,635 | 4,022 | 226 | 3,791 | 4,017 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Taxes and dues | 46,950 | 187,617 | 234,567 | 64,707 | 183,636 | 248,343 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Expendable supplies expense | 4,999 | 22,816 | 27,815 | 3,720 | 22,506 | 26,226 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Water, light and heating expense | 10,384 | 24,620 | 35,004 | 8,683 | 15,509 | 24,192 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Repairs and maintenance expense | 13,199 | 1,409,917 | 1,423,116 | 12,232 | 1,415,673 | 1,427,905 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Ordinary development expense | 142,264 | 361,750 | 504,014 | 134,929 | 388,990 | 523,919 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Travel expense | 12,984 | 44,346 | 57,330 | 11,019 | 33,567 | 44,586 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Clothing expense | 6,438 | 3,286 | 9,724 | 2,356 | 6,736 | 9,092 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Survey and analysis expense | 815 | 2,508 | 3,323 | 769 | 3,004 | 3,773 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Membership fee | 672 | 4,483 | 5,155 | 609 | 3,936 | 4,545 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Power purchase and others | 92,457 | 12,257,779 | 12,350,236 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Power purchase | — | 7,403,716 | 7,403,716 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 86,126 | 1,784,148 | 1,870,274 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 1,780,168 | ₩ | 48,459,262 | ₩ | 50,239,430 | ₩ | 1,751,696 | 42,724,894 | 44,476,590 | |||||||||||||||||||
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2011 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Selling and administrative expenses | Cost of sales | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Selling and administrative expenses | Cost of sales | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Raw materials used | ₩ | — | ₩ | 20,959,380 | ₩ | 20,959,380 | ₩ | — | 23,307,996 | 23,307,996 | ||||||||||||||||||
Salaries | 537,137 | 2,510,370 | 3,047,507 | 579,305 | 2,661,869 | 3,241,174 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement benefit expense | 66,955 | 308,629 | 375,584 | 77,432 | 333,813 | 411,245 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Welfare and benefit expense | 104,588 | 371,475 | 476,063 | 103,088 | 382,098 | 485,186 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Insurance expense | 3,065 | 42,847 | 45,912 | 4,048 | 49,915 | 53,963 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation | 41,900 | 6,733,214 | 6,775,114 | 46,498 | 6,846,179 | 6,892,677 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | 53,525 | 41,204 | 94,729 | 51,779 | 41,581 | 93,360 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Bad debt expense | 14,270 | — | 14,270 | 37,447 | — | 37,447 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Commission | 509,846 | 307,861 | 817,707 | 442,961 | 325,152 | 768,113 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Advertising expense | 21,918 | 6,046 | 27,964 | 23,270 | 6,818 | 30,088 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Training expense | 5,125 | 7,889 | 13,014 | 5,853 | 8,499 | 14,352 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Vehicle maintenance expense | 11,690 | 6,604 | 18,294 | 12,417 | 10,045 | 22,462 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Publishing expense | 2,858 | 5,070 | 7,928 | 2,883 | 4,095 | 6,978 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Business promotion expense | 3,171 | 4,213 | 7,384 | 3,322 | 3,973 | 7,295 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Rent expense | 26,550 | 80,454 | 107,004 | 34,505 | 86,648 | 121,153 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Telecommunication expense | 23,722 | 74,426 | 98,148 | 23,811 | 67,819 | 91,630 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Transportation expense | 226 | 3,791 | 4,017 | 387 | 3,635 | 4,022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Taxes and dues | 64,707 | 183,636 | 248,343 | 46,950 | 187,617 | 234,567 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Expendable supplies expense | 3,720 | 22,506 | 26,226 | 4,999 | 22,816 | 27,815 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Water, light and heating expense | 8,683 | 15,509 | 24,192 | 10,384 | 24,620 | 35,004 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Repairs and maintenance expense | 12,232 | 1,415,673 | 1,427,905 | 13,199 | 1,409,917 | 1,423,116 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Ordinary development expense | 134,929 | 388,990 | 523,919 | 142,264 | 361,750 | 504,014 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Travel expense | 11,019 | 33,567 | 44,586 | 12,984 | 44,346 | 57,330 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Clothing expense | 2,356 | 6,736 | 9,092 | 6,438 | 3,286 | 9,724 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Survey and analysis expense | 769 | 3,004 | 3,773 | 815 | 2,513 | 3,328 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Membership fee | 609 | 3,936 | 4,545 | 672 | 4,483 | 5,155 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Power purchase and others | 86,126 | 9,187,864 | 9,273,990 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Power purchase | — | 9,800,760 | 9,800,760 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 92,457 | 2,457,019 | 2,549,476 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 1,751,696 | ₩ | 42,724,894 | ₩ | 44,476,590 | ₩ | 1,780,168 | 48,459,262 | 50,239,430 | |||||||||||||||||||
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2010 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Selling and administrative expenses | Cost of sales | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Selling and administrative expenses | Cost of sales | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Raw materials used | ₩ | — | ₩ | 18,065,042 | ₩ | 18,065,042 | ₩ | — | 23,778,430 | 23,778,430 | ||||||||||||||||||
Salaries | 532,502 | 2,506,211 | 3,038,713 | 566,748 | 2,583,032 | 3,149,780 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement benefit expense | 62,482 | 297,982 | 360,464 | 81,051 | 349,931 | 430,982 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Welfare and benefit expense | 91,731 | 340,011 | 431,742 | 107,342 | 366,234 | 473,576 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Insurance expense | 2,310 | 39,560 | 41,870 | 7,408 | 63,125 | 70,533 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation | 31,560 | 6,539,808 | 6,571,368 | 68,222 | 7,228,205 | 7,296,427 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | 42,448 | 74,996 | 117,444 | 50,266 | 38,113 | 88,379 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Bad debt expense | 13,098 | — | 13,098 | 40,446 | — | 40,446 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Commission | 499,728 | 349,862 | 849,590 | 510,309 | 359,879 | 870,188 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Advertising expense | 22,371 | 6,230 | 28,601 | 28,127 | 7,133 | 35,260 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Training expense | 3,994 | 7,566 | 11,560 | 5,332 | 10,146 | 15,478 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Vehicle maintenance expense | 10,276 | 6,015 | 16,291 | 12,358 | 9,683 | 22,041 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Publishing expense | 2,591 | 4,232 | 6,823 | 3,190 | 4,088 | 7,278 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Business promotion expense | 3,198 | 3,822 | 7,020 | 3,707 | 4,340 | 8,047 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Rent expense | 27,429 | 76,934 | 104,363 | 39,652 | 93,001 | 132,653 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Telecommunication expense | 24,627 | 69,553 | 94,180 | 24,468 | 69,885 | 94,353 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Transportation expense | 351 | 4,586 | 4,937 | 347 | 4,139 | 4,486 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Taxes and dues | 56,268 | 177,609 | 233,877 | 43,648 | 195,076 | 238,724 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Expendable supplies expense | 3,600 | 20,886 | 24,486 | 4,453 | 25,554 | 30,007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Water, light and heating expense | 8,797 | 27,198 | 35,995 | 9,669 | 27,879 | 37,548 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Repairs and maintenance expense | 9,659 | 1,335,445 | 1,345,104 | 25,512 | 1,431,441 | 1,456,953 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Ordinary development expense | 118,767 | 329,986 | 448,753 | 166,106 | 411,027 | 577,133 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Travel expense | 9,350 | 31,817 | 41,167 | 13,145 | 45,928 | 59,073 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Clothing expense | 2,242 | 6,920 | 9,162 | 4,374 | 4,207 | 8,581 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Survey and analysis expense | 722 | 3,338 | 4,060 | 623 | 3,471 | 4,094 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Membership fee | 523 | 3,089 | 3,612 | 774 | 5,478 | 6,252 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Power purchase and others | 64,136 | 5,858,539 | 5,922,675 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Power purchase | — | 11,328,898 | 11,328,898 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Others | 105,915 | 2,147,315 | 2,253,230 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 1,644,760 | ₩ | 36,187,237 | ₩ | 37,831,997 | ₩ | 1,923,192 | 50,595,638 | 52,518,830 | |||||||||||||||||||
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(1) | Basic earnings (loss) per share for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 |
Type | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
In won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic earnings (loss) per share | ₩ | (5,083 | ) | ₩ | (5,411 | ) | (193 | ) | ₩ | (5,411 | ) | (5,083 | ) | 96 |
(2) | Diluted earnings (loss) per share for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 |
Type | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
In won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted earnings (loss) per share | ₩ | (5,083 | ) | ₩ | (5,411 | ) | (193 | ) | ₩ | (5,411 | ) | (5,083 | ) | 96 |
(3) | Basic earnings (loss) per share |
Net income (loss) and weighted average number of common shares used in the calculation of basic earnings (loss) per share for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 2011 and 20102013 are as follows (KRW in millions except number of shares):follows:
Type | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 |
| 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won except number of shares | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Controlling interest in net income (loss) | ₩ | (3,166,616 | ) | ₩ | (3,370,464 | ) | ₩ | (119,931 | ) | ₩ | (3,370,464 | ) | (3,166,616 | ) | 60,011 | |||||||||||||
Earning used in the calculation of total basic earnings (loss) per share | (3,166,616 | ) | (3,370,464 | ) | (119,931 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Profit (loss) used in the calculation of total basic earnings (loss) per share | (3,370,464 | ) | (3,166,616 | ) | 60,011 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average number of common shares | 623,034,082 | 622,884,223 | 622,637,717 | 622,884,223 | 623,034,082 | 623,034,082 |
(4) | Diluted earnings (loss) per share |
Diluted earnings (loss) per share is calculated by applying adjusted weighted average number of common shares under the assumption that all dilutive potential common shares are converted to common shares.
Earnings used in the calculation of total diluted earnings (loss) per share for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 2011 and 20102013 are as follows (KRW in millions):follows:
Type | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 |
| 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
Earning used in the calculation of total diluted earnings (loss) per share | ₩ | (3,166,616 | ) | ₩ | (3,370,464 | ) | ₩ | (119,931 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
In millions of won except number of shares | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Earnings (loss) used in the calculation of total diluted earnings (loss) per share | ₩ | (3,370,464 | ) | (3,166,616 | ) | 60,011 |
Weighted average common shares used in calculating diluted earnings (loss) per share are adjusted from weighted average common shares used in calculating basic earnings (loss) per share. DetailDetailed information of the adjustment for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 2011 and 2010 is2013 are as follows (KRW in millions):follows:
Type | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||
In number of shares | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average number of common shares | 623,034,082 | 622,884,223 | 622,637,717 | 622,884,223 | 623,034,082 | 623,034,082 | ||||||||||||||||||
Diluted weighted average number of shares | 623,034,082 | 622,884,223 | 622,637,717 | 622,884,223 | 623,034,082 | 623,034,082 |
44. | Risk Management |
(1) | Capital risk management |
The Company manages its capital to ensure that entities in the Company will be able to continue while maximizing the return to shareholder through the optimization of the debt and equity balance. The capital structure of the Company consists of net debt (offset by cash and cash equivalents) and equity. The Company’s overall capital risk management strategy remains unchanged from that of the prior year.
Details of the Company’s capital management accounts as of December 31, 2012 and 20112013 are as follows (KRW in millions)follows:
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||
Total borrowings | ₩ | 53,219,409 | ₩ | 46,204,543 | ||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total borrowings and debt securities | ₩ | 53,219,409 | 60,888,150 | |||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | (1,954,949 | ) | (1,387,921 | ) | (1,954,949 | ) | (2,232,313 | ) | ||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||
Net borrowings and debentures | 51,264,460 | 44,816,622 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net borrowings and debt securities | 51,264,460 | 58,655,837 | ||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||
Total shareholder’s equity | 51,064,202 | 53,803,950 | 51,064,202 | 51,450,736 | ||||||||||||||||
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Debt to equity ratio | 100.39 | % | 83.30 | % | 100.39 | % | 114.00 | % | ||||||||||||
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(2) | Financial risk management |
The Company is exposed to various risks related to its financial instruments, such as, market risk (currency risk, interest rate risk, price risk), credit risk. The Company monitors and manages the financial risks relating to the operations of the Company through internal risk reports which analyzesanalyze exposures by degree and magnitude of risks.
The Company uses derivative financial instruments to certain hedge risk exposures. The Company’s overall financial risk management strategy remains unchanged from that of the prior year.
Credit risk |
Credit risk is the risk of finance loss to the Company if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations, and arises primarily from the Company’s loan, card assetssales activities, securities and securities.derivatives. In addition, credit risk exposure may exist within financial guarantees and unused line of credits. As these financial institutions the Company makes transactions with are reputable financial institutions, the credit risk from them are considered limited. The Company decides credit transaction limits based on evaluation of client’s credit, through information obtained from the credit bureau and disclosed financial position at committing contracts.
Credit risk management |
Electricity sales, the main operations of the Company are the necessity for daily life and industrial activities of Korean nationals, and have importance as one of the national key industries. The Company dominates the domestic market supplying electricity to 20 million customers (20,050,000).customers. The companyCompany is not exposed to credit risk as customers of the Company are from various industries and areas. The Company uses publicly available information and its own internal data related to accountstrade receivables, to rate its major customers and to measure the credit risk that a counter party will default on a contractual obligation. For the incurred but not recognized loss, it is measured considering overdue period.
Impairment |
In accordance with the Company policies, individual material financial assets are assessed on a regular basis, trade receivables that are assessed not to be impaired individually are, in addition, assessed for impairment on a collective basis. Value of the acquired collateral (including the confirmation of feasibility) and estimated collectable amounts are included in this assessment.
Allowance for bad debts assessed on a collective basis are recognized for (i) the groupCompany of assets which individually are not material and (ii) incurred but not recognized losses that are assessed using statistical methods, judgment and historicalpast experience.
Book values of the financial assets represent the maximum exposed amounts of the credit risk. Details of the Company’s level of maximum exposure to credit risk as of December 31, 2012 and 20112013 are as follows (KRW in millions)follows:
Type | Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | ₩ | 1,954,949 | ₩ | 1,387,921 | ₩ | 1,954,949 | 2,232,313 | |||||||||||||
Derivative assets (trading) | 55,891 | 147,747 | 55,891 | 4,118 | ||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale financial assets | 1,141,194 | 1,173,085 | 1,141,194 | 1,256,765 | ||||||||||||||||
Held-to-maturity investments | 2,216 | 2,320 | 2,216 | 2,285 | ||||||||||||||||
Loans and receivables | 673,388 | 793,025 | 673,388 | 608,239 | ||||||||||||||||
Long-term/Short-term financial instruments | 469,393 | 531,722 | ||||||||||||||||||
Long-term/short-term financial instruments | 469,393 | 385,382 | ||||||||||||||||||
Derivative assets (using hedge accounting) | 187,811 | 321,672 | 187,811 | 82,376 | ||||||||||||||||
Accounts and other receivables | 8,438,955 | 8,558,680 | ||||||||||||||||||
Financial guarantee contracts(*1) | 262,624 | 321,636 | ||||||||||||||||||
Trade and other receivables | 8,438,955 | 9,170,644 | ||||||||||||||||||
Financial guarantee contracts(*) | 262,624 | 261,565 |
(* | Maximum exposure associated with the financial guarantee contracts is the maximum amounts of the obligation. |
Financial guarantee contracts as of December 31, 2012 and 20112013 are as follows (KRW in millions):follows:
Type | Company | Amounts | ||||||||||
In thousands of U.S. dollars | ||||||||||||
Joint ventures | KEPCO SPC Power | Corporation | USD | |||||||||
| UAE Shuweihat S3 | USD | 58,294 | |||||||||
247,859 | ||||||||||||
As of the reporting date, there are no financial assets and non-financial assets that were acquired through the exercise of the right of collateralized assets and reinforcement of credit arrangement.
Market risk |
Market risk is the risk that the Company’s fair values of the financial instruments or future cash flows are affected by the changes in the market. Market risk consists of interest rate risk, currency risk and other price risk.
Sensitivity analysis |
Significant assets and liabilities with uncertainties in underlying assumptions
| Defined benefit obligation |
The following is a sensitivity analysis of defined benefit obligation assuming a 1% increase and decrease movements in the actuarial valuation assumptions as of December 31, 2012 and 20112013 are as follows (KRW in millions):follows:
2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1% | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Accounts | Increase | Decrease | Increase | Decrease | Accounts | 1% Increase | 1% Decrease | 1% Increase | 1% Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Future salary increases | Defined benefit obligation | ₩ | 309,178 | ₩ | (273,048 | ) | ₩ | 302,743 | ₩ | (262,861 | ) |
Defined benefit | ₩ | 309,178 | (273,048 | ) | 257,512 | (316,563 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Discount rate | Defined benefit obligation | (279,062 | ) | 332,023 | (270,109 | ) | 322,332 | Defined benefit obligation | (279,062 | ) | 332,023 | (236,761 | ) | 274,619 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Expected rate of return on plan assets | Post-employment benefits | (4,300 | ) | 4,300 | (4,474 | ) | 4,474 |
Changes of employee benefits assuming a 1% increase and decrease movements in discount rate on plan asset for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2013 are ₩4,300 million and ₩4, 776 million, respectively.
‚ |
Changes in provisions due to movements in underlying assumptions as of December 31, 2012 and 20112013 are as follows (KRW in millions):follows:
Type | Accounts | Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | |||||||
Discount rate | PCBs | 4.92 | % | 5.84 | % | |||||
” | Nuclear plants | 4.49 | % | 4.36 | % | |||||
” | Spent fuel | 4.49 | % | 4.36 | % | |||||
Inflation rate | PCBs | 3.10 | % | 3.34 | % | |||||
” | Nuclear plants | 2.93 | % | 2.30 | % | |||||
” | Spent fuel | 2.93 | % | 2.30 | % |
Type | Accounts | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||
PCBs | Inflation rate | 3.10 | % | 3.10 | % | |||||
Discount rate | 4.92 | % | 4.92 | % | ||||||
Nuclear plants | Inflation rate | 2.93 | % | 2.93 | % | |||||
Discount rate | 4.49 | % | 4.49 | % | ||||||
Spent fuel | Inflation rate | 2.93 | % | 2.93 | % | |||||
Discount rate | 4.49 | % | 4.49 | % |
The following is a sensitivity analysis of provisions assuming a 0.1% increase and decrease movements in the underlying assumptions as of December 31, 2012 and December 31, 20112013 are as follows (KRW in millions):follows:
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | |||||||||||||||||
1% | ||||||||||||||||||
TYPE | Accounts | Increase | Decrease | Increase | Decrease | |||||||||||||
Discount rate | PCBs | ₩ | (1,262 | ) | ₩ | 1,273 | ₩ | (1,291 | ) | ₩ | 1,302 | |||||||
” | Nuclear plants | (220,842 | ) | 227,158 | (111,132 | ) | 114,140 | |||||||||||
” | Spent fuel | (45,385 | ) | 47,128 | (21,386 | ) | 21,946 | |||||||||||
Inflation rate | PCBs | 1,295 | (1,285 | ) | 1,332 | (1,323 | ) | |||||||||||
” | Nuclear plants | 230,431 | (224,364 | ) | 150,939 | (146,083 | ) | |||||||||||
” | Spent fuel | 48,219 | (46,492 | ) | 29,371 | (28,439 | ) |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Accounts | 0.1% Increase | 0.1% Decrease | 0.1% Increase | 0.1% Decrease | |||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Discount rate | PCBs | ₩ | (1,262 | ) | 1,273 | (1,086 | ) | 1,095 | ||||||||||||||
Nuclear plants | (220,842 | ) | 227,158 | (221,516 | ) | 227,667 | ||||||||||||||||
Spent fuel | (45,385 | ) | 47,128 | (46,164 | ) | 47,953 | ||||||||||||||||
Inflation rate | PCBs | 1,295 | (1,285 | ) | 1,113 | (1,106 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Nuclear plants | 230,431 | (224,364 | ) | 240,778 | (234,438 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Spent fuel | 48,219 | (46,492 | ) | 48,646 | (46,895 | ) |
Management judgment effected by uncertainties in underlying assumptions
| Foreign currency risk |
The Company undertakes transactions denominated in foreign currencies; consequently, exposures to exchange rate fluctuations arise. The carrying amounts of the Company’s foreign currency denominated monetary assets and monetary liabilities at the endas of the reporting periodDecember 31, 2012 and 2013 are as follows (USD, EUR, GBP, Other foreign currency in thousands):follows:
Assets | Liabilities | Assets | Liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
In thousands of foreign currencies | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
AUD | 1,188 | 1,140 | 152,692 | 156,196 | 1,188 | 1,460 | 152,692 | 321,444 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
CAD | 2,314 | 164 | 4 | 18 | 2,314 | 4 | 4 | 611 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
CNY | 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
EUR | 9,091 | 8,076 | 18,792 | 1,441 | 9,091 | 27,946 | 18,792 | 33,398 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
IDR | 711,304 | 1,074,528 | 1,726 | — | 711,304 | 546,902 | 1,726 | 2,973 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
MXN | 703 | — | — | — | 703 | 5,064 | — | 426 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
PHP | 1,043,932 | 232,281 | 31,675 | 21,073 | 1,043,932 | 248,623 | 31,675 | 22,954 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
SAR | 1,309 | 1,037 | — | — | 1,309 | 1,565 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
USD | 292,256 | 374,193 | 9,866,661 | 9,459,038 | 292,256 | 627,504 | 9,866,661 | 11,207,483 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
INR | 417,544 | 282,510 | 52,755 | 68,966 | 417,544 | 362,996 | 52,755 | 500,933 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
PKR | 63,445 | 25,475 | 277 | 4,503 | 63,445 | 116,847 | 277 | 650 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
MGA | 240,233 | 2,223,307 | 92,979 | — | 240,233 | 2,124,218 | 92,979 | 101,503 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
JPY | 520 | 520 | 20,006,730 | 30,012,000 | 520 | 176,921 | 20,006,730 | 22,521,580 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
KZT | 720,121 | 722,691 | — | — | 720,121 | 164,790 | — | 16,517 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
GBP | 6 | — | 253 | 160 | 6 | — | 253 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
CHF | — | — | 223 | — | — | 143,120 | 223 | 400,012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
AED | 220 | 247 | 1,829 | 1,383 | 220 | 288 | 1,829 | 809 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
SEK | — | — | 1,105 | 457 | — | — | 1,105 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
JOD | — | 132 | — | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BDT | — | 34,753 | — | 2,977 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CLP | — | 93 | — | — |
A sensitivity analysis on the Company’s income for the period assuming a 10% increase and decrease in currency exchange rates as of December 31, 2012 2011and 2013 are as follows (KRW in millions):follows:
2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||||||
10% | ||||||||||||||||
TYPE | Increase | Decrease | Increase | Decrease | ||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) of income before income tax | ₩ | (1,064,578 | ) | ₩ | 1,064,578 | ₩ | (1,107,751 | ) | ₩ | 1,107,751 | ||||||
Increase (decrease) of shareholder’s equity(*1) | (1,064,578 | ) | 1,064,578 | (1,107,751 | ) | 1,107,751 |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
Type | 10% Increase | 10% Decrease | 10% Increase | 10% Decrease | ||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) of income before income tax | ₩ | (1,064,578 | ) | 1,064,578 | (1,199,673 | ) | 1,199,673 | |||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) of shareholder’s equity(*) | (1,064,578 | ) | 1,064,578 | (1,199,673 | ) | 1,199,673 |
(* | The effect on the shareholders’ equity excluding |
Sensitivity analysis above is conducted for monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies other than functional currency, without consideration of the hedge effect of related derivatives, as of December 31, 2012 and 2011.2013.
To manage its foreign currency risk related to foreign currency denominated receivables and payables, the Company has a policy to enter into currency forward agreements. In addition, to manage its foreign currency risk related to foreign currency denominated expected sales transactions and purchase transactions, the Company enters into cross-currency swap agreements.
‚ | Interest rate risk |
The Company is exposed to interest rate risk due to its borrowing with floating interest rates. A 1% increase or decrease is used when reporting interest rate risk internally to key management personnel and represents management’s assessment of the reasonably possible change in interest rates.
The Company’s long-term borrowings and debenturesdebt securities with floating interest rates as of December 31, 2012 and 20112013 are as follows (KRW in millions):follows:
Type | 2012 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
Short-term borrowings | ₩ | — | ₩ | 100,000 | ₩ | — | 48,981 | |||||||||||||
Long-term borrowings | 5,897,076 | 5,402,164 | 5,897,076 | 5,029,163 | ||||||||||||||||
Debentures | 1,920,435 | 1,609,481 | ||||||||||||||||||
Debt securities | 1,920,435 | 2,268,065 | ||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 7,817,511 | ₩ | 7,111,645 | ₩ | 7,817,511 | 7,346,209 | ||||||||||||||
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A sensitivity analysis on the Company’s long-term borrowings and debenturesdebt securities assuming a 1% increase and decrease in interest rates, without consideration of the hedge effect of related derivatives as offor the years ended December 31, 2012 and 20112013 are as follows (KRW in millions):follows:
2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||||||
1% | ||||||||||||||||
Type | Increase | Decrease | Increase | Decrease | ||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) of income before income tax | ₩ | (78,175 | ) | ₩ | 78,175 | ₩ | (70,116 | ) | ₩ | 70,116 | ||||||
Increase (decrease) of shareholder’s equity(*1) | (78,175 | ) | 78,175 | (70,116 | ) | 70,116 |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
Type | 1% Increase | 1% Decrease | 1% Increase | 1% Decrease | ||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) of profit before income tax | ₩ | (78,175 | ) | 78,175 | (73,462 | ) | 73,462 | |||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) of shareholder’s equity(*) | (78,175 | ) | 78,175 | (73,462 | ) | 73,462 |
(* | The effect on the shareholders’ equity excluding |
To manage its interest rate risks, the Company in addition to maintainingenters into certain interest swap agreements or maintains an appropriate mix of fixed and floating rate loans, it has entered into certain interest rate swap agreements.borrowings.
ƒ | Electricity rates risk |
The Company is exposed to electricity rates risk due to the rate regulation of the government which considers the effect of electricity rate on the national economy.
A sensitivity analysis on the Company’s income for the period assuming a 1% increase and decrease in price of electricity as offor the years ended December 31, 2012 and 20112013 are as follows (KRW in millions):follows:
2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||||||
1% | ||||||||||||||||
Type | Increase | Decrease | Increase | Decrease | ||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) of income before income tax | ₩ | 459,796 | ₩ | (459,796 | ) | ₩ | 405,029 | ₩ | (405,029 | ) | ||||||
Increase (decrease) of shareholder’s equity(*1) | 459,796 | (459,796 | ) | 405,029 | (405,029 | ) |
2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||
Type | 1% Increase | 1% Decrease | 1% Increase | 1% Decrease | ||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) of profit before income tax | ₩ | 469,732 | (469,732 | ) | 511,121 | (511,121 | ) | |||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) of shareholder’s equity(*) | 469,732 | (469,732 | ) | 511,121 | (511,121 | ) |
(* | The effect on the shareholders’ equity excluding |
Liquidity risk |
The Company has established an appropriate liquidity risk management framework for the management of the Company’s short, medium and long-term funding and liquidity management requirements. The Company manages liquidity risk by maintaining adequate reserves, banking facilities and reserve borrowing facilities, by continuously monitoring forecastforecasted and actual cash flows, and by matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and liabilities.
In addition, the Company has established credit lines on its trade financing and bank overdrafts, and through payment guarantees it has received, it maintains an adequate credit (borrowing) line. In addition, in case of major construction investment, theThe Company has the ability to use reserveutilize excess cash or utilize long-term borrowings.borrowings for major construction investments.
The following table shows the details of remaining expiries for non-derivative financial liabilities. This table, based on undiscounted cash flowmaturities of the financial liabilities, has been completed based on the earliest maturity date for the Company. Contractually remaining expiries for non-derivative financial liabilities as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 are as follows (KRW in millions):2013. This table, based on the undiscounted cash flows of the non-derivative financial liabilities, has been completed based on the respective liabilities’ earliest maturity date.
Dec. 31, 2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Less than 1 year | 1~2 Years | 2~5 Years | More than 5 years | Total | |||||||||||||||
Borrowings and debentures | ₩ | 7,697,878 | ₩ | 7,782,782 | ₩ | 18,710,343 | ₩ | 19,147,225 | ₩ | 53,338,228 | ||||||||||
Finance lease liabilities | 221,381 | 202,309 | 542,393 | 556,276 | 1,522,359 | |||||||||||||||
Accounts and other payables | 6,296,935 | 375,567 | 792,829 | 2,120,081 | 9,585,412 | |||||||||||||||
Financial guarantee contract(*1) | 24,871 | 87,309 | 74,614 | 75,830 | 262,624 | |||||||||||||||
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₩ | 14,241,065 | ₩ | 8,447,967 | ₩ | 20,120,179 | ₩ | 21,899,412 | ₩ | 64,708,623 | |||||||||||
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2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Less than 1 year | 1~2 Years | 2~5 Years | More than 5 years | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Borrowings and debt securities | ₩ | 7,697,878 | 7,782,782 | 18,710,343 | 19,147,225 | 53,338,228 | ||||||||||||||||||
Finance lease liabilities | 221,381 | 202,309 | 542,393 | 556,276 | 1,522,359 | |||||||||||||||||||
Trade and other payables | 5,480,048 | 375,567 | 792,829 | 2,119,930 | 8,768,374 | |||||||||||||||||||
Financial guarantee contracts(*) | 24,871 | 87,309 | 74,614 | 75,830 | 262,624 | |||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 13,424,178 | 8,447,967 | 20,120,179 | 21,899,261 | 63,891,585 | |||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Less than 1 year | 1~2 Years | 2~5 Years | More than 5 years | Total | |||||||||||||||
Borrowings and debentures | ₩ | 7,009,279 | ₩ | 7,118,819 | ₩ | 18,540,565 | ₩ | 13,634,914 | ₩ | 46,303,577 | ||||||||||
Finance lease liabilities | 239,008 | 221,381 | 569,190 | 731,787 | 1,761,366 | |||||||||||||||
Accounts and other payables | 6,449,572 | 259,999 | 2,893,631 | 16,885 | 9,620,087 | |||||||||||||||
Financial guarantee contract(*1) | 26,779 | 26,779 | 147,569 | 120,509 | 321,636 | |||||||||||||||
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₩ | 13,724,638 | ₩ | 7,626,978 | ₩ | 22,150,955 | ₩ | 14,504,095 | ₩ | 58,006,666 | |||||||||||
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2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Less than 1 year | 1~2 Years | 2~5 Years | More than 5 years | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Borrowings and debt securities | ₩ | 9,676,694 | 8,052,432 | 25,845,951 | 29,021,954 | 72,597,031 | ||||||||||||||||||
Finance lease liabilities | 202,309 | 184,809 | 532,119 | 381,742 | 1,300,979 | |||||||||||||||||||
Trade and other payables | 5,777,455 | 397,279 | 751,577 | 2,053,005 | 8,979,316 | |||||||||||||||||||
Financial guarantee contracts(*) | 88,190 | 26,673 | 80,019 | 66,683 | 261,565 | |||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 15,744,648 | 8,661,193 | 27,209,666 | 31,523,384 | 83,138,891 | |||||||||||||||||||
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(* |
The Company is required to include the information on non-derivative financial liabilities to understand the liquidity risk management as the management is based on net assets and net liabilities.
The expected maturities for non-derivative financial assets as of December 31, 2012 and 20112013 in detail are as follows (KRW in millions):follows:
Dec. 31, 2012 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Less than 1 year | 1~5 Years | More than 5 years | Other(*) | Total | Less than 1 year | 1~5 Years | More than 5 years | Other(*) | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | ₩ | 1,954,949 | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | 1,954,949 | ₩ | 1,954,949 | — | — | — | 1,954,949 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale financial assets | — | — | — | 1,141,194 | 1,141,194 | — | — | — | 1,141,194 | 1,141,194 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Held-to-maturity investments | 196 | 1,912 | — | 108 | 2,216 | 196 | 1,912 | — | 108 | 2,216 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans and receivables | 72,888 | 351,320 | 271,725 | 45,688 | 741,621 | 72,888 | 351,320 | 271,725 | 45,688 | 741,621 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial instruments | 468,351 | 734 | — | 308 | 469,393 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts and other receivables | 7,187,490 | 621,050 | 640,287 | — | 8,448,827 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term/short-term financial instruments | 468,351 | 734 | — | 308 | 469,393 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trade and other receivables | 7,187,490 | 621,050 | 640,287 | — | 8,448,827 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 9,683,874 | ₩ | 975,016 | ₩ | 912,012 | ₩ | 1,187,298 | ₩ | 12,758,200 | ₩ | 9,683,874 | 975,016 | 912,012 | 1,187,298 | 12,758,200 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2011 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Less than 1 year | 1~5 Years | More than 5 years | Other(*) | Total | Less than 1 year | 1~5 Years | More than 5 years | Other(*) | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | ₩ | 1,387,921 | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | 1,387,921 | ₩ | 2,232,313 | — | — | — | 2,232,313 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale financial assets | — | — | — | 1,173,085 | 1,173,085 | — | 76 | — | 1,256,689 | 1,256,765 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Held-to-maturity investments | 334 | 1,143 | 843 | — | 2,320 | 168 | 2,105 | 12 | — | 2,285 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans and receivables | 216,635 | 650,188 | 849 | — | 867,672 | 51,503 | 242,827 | 298,397 | 75,165 | 667,892 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial instruments | 531,388 | 334 | — | — | 531,722 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts and other receivables | 7,276,813 | 1,001,791 | 290,397 | — | 8,569,001 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term/short-term financial instruments | 384,199 | — | 615 | 568 | 385,382 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trade and other receivables | 7,528,508 | 731,914 | 802,752 | 115,849 | 9,179,023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 9,413,091 | ₩ | 1,653,456 | ₩ | 292,089 | ₩ | 1,173,085 | ₩ | 12,531,721 | ₩ | 10,196,691 | 976,922 | 1,101,776 | 1,448,271 | 13,723,660 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(*) | Amount represents available-for-sale |
Derivative financial liabilities classified by maturity periods which from reporting date to maturity date of contract as of December 31, 2012 and 20112013 are as follows (KRW in millions):follows:
Dec. 31, 2012 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Less than 1 Year | 1~2 Years | 2~5 Years | More than 5 Year | Total | Less than 1 year | 1~2 Years | 2~5 Years | More than 5 years | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net settlement | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
—Trading | ₩ | (449 | ) | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | (449 | ) | ₩ | (449 | ) | — | — | — | (449 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross settlement | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
—Trading | (89,554 | ) | (214,501 | ) | (64,634 | ) | — | (368,689 | ) | (89,554 | ) | (214,501 | ) | (64,634 | ) | — | (368,689 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
— Hedging | (53,091 | ) | (16,246 | ) | (88,147 | ) | (93,554 | ) | (251,038 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
—Hedging | (53,091 | ) | (16,246 | ) | (88,147 | ) | (93,554 | ) | (251,038 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | (143,094 | ) | ₩ | (230,747 | ) | ₩ | (152,781 | ) | ₩ | (93,554 | ) | ₩ | (620,176 | ) | ₩ | (143,094 | ) | (230,747 | ) | (152,781 | ) | (93,554 | ) | (620,176 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2011 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Less than 1 Year | 1~2 Years | 2~5 Years | More than 5 Year | Total | Less than 1 year | 1~2 Years | 2~5 Years | More than 5 years | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net settlement | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
—Trading | ₩ | (487 | ) | ₩ | (263 | ) | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | ₩ | (750 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross settlement | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
—Trading | (37,909 | ) | (4,221 | ) | (89,607 | ) | — | (131,737 | ) | ₩ | (314,891 | ) | (134,050 | ) | (33,831 | ) | (44,343 | ) | (527,115 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
—Hedging | (4,002 | ) | 1,285 | (22,268 | ) | (67,473 | ) | (92,458 | ) | (64,794 | ) | (26,409 | ) | (187,689 | ) | (49,071 | ) | (327,963 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | (42,398 | ) | ₩ | (3,199 | ) | ₩ | (111,875 | ) | ₩ | (67,473 | ) | ₩ | (224,945 | ) | ₩ | (379,685 | ) | (160,459 | ) | (221,520 | ) | (93,414 | ) | (855,078 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
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(3) | Fair value risk |
The fair value of the Company’s actively-traded financial instruments (i.e. short-term financial assets AFS,held for trading, available-for-sale financial assets, etc.) is based on the traded market-price as of the reporting period end. The fair value of the Company’s financial assets is the amount which the asset could be exchanged for or the amount a liability could be settled for.
The fair values of financial instruments where no active market exists or where quoted prices are not otherwise available are determined by using valuation techniques. Valuation techniques include using recent arm’s length market transactions between knowledgeable, willing parties, if available, reference to the current fair value of another instrument that is substantially the same, discounted cash flow analysis and option pricing models. If there is a valuation technique commonly used by market participants to price the instrument and that technique has been demonstrated to provide reliable estimates of prices obtained in actual market transactions, the Company uses that technique.
For accountstrade receivables and payables, the Company considers the carrying value net of impairment as fair value. While for disclosure purposes, the fair value of financial liabilities is estimated by discounting a financial instruments with similar contractual cashflowscash flows based on the effective interest method.
Fair value and book value of financial assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2012 and |
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Book value | Fair value | Book value | Fair value | Book value | Fair value | Book value | Fair value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets recognized at fair value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale financial assets | ₩ | 1,141,194 | ₩ | 1,141,194 | ₩ | 1,173,085 | ₩ | 1,173,085 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivatives assets (trading) | 55,891 | 55,891 | 147,747 | 147,747 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivatives assets (using hedge accounting) | 187,811 | 187,811 | 321,672 | 321,672 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale financial assets(*1) | ₩ | 1,141,194 | 1,141,194 | 1,256,765 | 1,256,765 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative assets (trading) | 55,891 | 55,891 | 4,118 | 4,118 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative assets (using hedge accounting) | 187,811 | 187,811 | 82,376 | 82,376 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term financial instruments | 1,042 | 1,042 | 334 | 334 | 1,042 | 1,042 | 1,183 | 1,183 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Short-term financial instruments | 468,351 | 468,351 | 531,388 | 531,388 | 468,351 | 468,351 | 384,199 | 384,199 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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1,854,289 | 1,854,289 | 2,174,226 | 2,174,226 | 1,854,289 | 1,854,289 | 1,728,641 | 1,728,641 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Assets carried at amortized cost | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Held-to-maturity investments | 2,216 | 2,216 | 2,320 | 2,320 | 2,216 | 2,216 | 2,285 | 2,285 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans and receivables | 673,388 | 673,388 | 793,025 | 793,025 | 673,388 | 673,388 | 608,239 | 608,239 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts and other receivables | 8,438,955 | 8,438,955 | 8,558,680 | 8,558,680 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trade and other receivables | 8,438,955 | 8,438,955 | 9,170,644 | 9,170,644 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 1,954,949 | 1,954,949 | 1,387,921 | 1,387,921 | 1,954,949 | 1,954,949 | 2,232,313 | 2,232,313 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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11,069,508 | 11,069,508 | 10,741,946 | 10,741,946 | 11,069,508 | 11,069,508 | 12,013,481 | 12,013,481 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Liabilities recognized at fair value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivatives liabilities (trading) | 369,138 | 369,138 | 132,487 | 132,487 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivatives Liabilities (using hedge accounting) | 251,038 | 251,038 | 92,458 | 92,458 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative liabilities (trading) | 369,138 | 369,138 | 491,035 | 491,035 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative assets (using hedge accounting) | 251,038 | 251,038 | 209,440 | 209,440 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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620,176 | 620,176 | 224,945 | 224,945 | 620,176 | 620,176 | 700,475 | 700,475 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Liabilities carried at amortized cost | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secured borrowings | — | — | 582,053 | 579,111 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unsecured bond | 46,328,513 | 48,557,218 | 39,461,634 | 40,770,061 | 46,328,513 | 48,557,218 | 54,878,897 | 57,226,079 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finance lease liabilities | 1,007,169 | 1,007,169 | 1,135,009 | 1,135,009 | 1,007,169 | 1,007,169 | 884,966 | 884,966 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unsecured borrowings | 6,890,896 | 6,898,344 | 6,736,252 | 6,745,198 | 6,890,896 | 6,898,344 | 5,383,966 | 5,493,786 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts and other payables(*1) | 9,584,986 | 9,584,986 | 9,619,286 | 9,619,286 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commitments on Bank-overdraft | — | — | 6,657 | 6,657 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trade and other payables(*2) | 9,584,986 | 9,584,986 | 8,979,316 | 8,979,316 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank overdraft | — | — | 43,233 | 43,233 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 63,811,564 | ₩ | 66,047,717 | ₩ | 56,958,838 | ₩ | 58,276,211 | ₩ | 63,811,564 | 66,047,717 | 70,752,431 | 73,206,491 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(*1) |
Type | 2012 | 2011 | ||
Derivatives | 0.34%~2.64% | 0.68%~2.05% | ||
Borrowings | 2.85%~3.75% | 3.62%~4.43% | ||
Finance lease | 9.00%~10.80% | 9.00%~10.80% |
Excludes finance lease liabilities. |
(ii) | Interest rates used for determining fair value |
The interest rates used to discount estimated cash flows, when applicable, are based on the government yield curve at the reporting date plus an adequate credit spread.
The discount rate used for calculating fair value as of December 31, 2012 and 2013 are as follows:
Type | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||
Derivatives | 0.34%~2.64% | 0.17%~4.34% | ||||||
Borrowings and debt securities | 2.85%~3.75% | 1.40%~4.11% | ||||||
Finance lease | 9.00%~10.80% | 9.00%~10.80% |
(iii) | Fair value hierarchy |
The following table provides an analysis of financial instruments that are measured subsequent to initial recognition at fair value, classified as Level 1, 2, or 3, based on the degree to which the fair value is observable.
Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability either directly or indirectly; and
Level 3: Inputs that are not based on observable market data.
Fair values of financial instruments by hierarchy level as of December 31, 2012 and 20112013 are as follows (KRW in millions):follows:
Dec. 31, 2012 | ||||||||||||||||
Type | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | ||||||||||||
Financial assets at fair value: | ||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale financial assets | ₩ | 652,142 | ₩ | — | ₩ | 169,637 | ₩ | 821,779 | ||||||||
Other financial instruments | — | — | 22,518 | 22,518 | ||||||||||||
Derivatives assets | — | 243,702 | — | 243,702 | ||||||||||||
Financial liabilities at fair value: | ||||||||||||||||
Derivatives liabilities | — | 610,685 | 9,491 | 620,176 | ||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
Type | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | ||||||||||||
Financial assets at fair value: | ||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale financial assets | ₩ | 640,593 | ₩ | — | ₩ | 238,561 | ₩ | 879,154 | ||||||||
Other financial instruments | — | 10,121 | — | 10,121 | ||||||||||||
Derivatives assets | — | 469,419 | — | 469,419 | ||||||||||||
Financial liabilities at fair value: | ||||||||||||||||
Derivatives liabilities | — | 217,166 | 7,779 | 224,945 |
2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | ||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||
Financial assets at fair value | ||||||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale financial assets | ₩ | 652,142 | — | 192,155 | 844,297 | |||||||||||||||
Derivative assets | — | 243,702 | — | 243,702 | ||||||||||||||||
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652,142 | 243,702 | 192,155 | 1,087,999 | |||||||||||||||||
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Financial liabilities at fair value | ||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative liabilities | — | 610,685 | 9,491 | 620,176 | ||||||||||||||||
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Type Financial assets at fair value Available-for-sale financial assets Derivative assets Financial liabilities at fair value Derivative liabilities 2013 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total In millions of won ₩ 740,805 — 185,959 926,764 — 86,494 — 86,494 740,805 86,494 185,959 1,013,258 — 700,475 — 700,475
Changes of financial assets and liabilities which are classified as level 3 for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 20112013 are as follows (KRW in millions)follows:
Financial assets measured at fair value | Financial liabilities measured at fair value | |||||||
Balance at January 1, 2012 | ₩ | 238,561 | ₩ | 7,779 | ||||
Total comprehensive income | ||||||||
Recognized in income (loss) | — | 9,491 | ||||||
Recognized in other comprehensive income | (68,924 | ) | — | |||||
Addition | 22,518 | — | ||||||
Disposal | — | (7,779 | ) | |||||
Others | — | — | ||||||
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Balance at December 31, 2012 | ₩ | 192,155 | ₩ | 9,491 | ||||
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Financial assets measured at fair value | Financial liabilities measured at fair value | |||||||
Balance at January 1, 2011 | ₩ | 195,262 | ₩ | — | ||||
Total comprehensive income | ||||||||
Recognized in income(loss) | — | 7,779 | ||||||
Recognized in other comprehensive income | 43,299 | — | ||||||
Addition | — | — | ||||||
Disposal | — | — | ||||||
Others | — | — | ||||||
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Balance at December 31, 2011 | ₩ | 238,561 | ₩ | 7,779 | ||||
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2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning balance | Acquisition | Valuation | Disposal | Other(*) | Ending balance | |||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial assets at fair value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Available-for-sale financial assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unlisted securities | ₩ | 238,561 | — | (68,924 | ) | — | — | 169,637 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Debt securities | — | 22,518 | — | — | — | 22,518 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial liabilities at fair value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative liabilities (trading) | 7,779 | — | 9,491 | (7,779 | ) | — | 9,491 |
Amount due to foreign currency translation. |
Financial assets at fair value Available-for-sale financial assets Unlisted securities Debt securities Financial liabilities at fair value Derivative liabilities Derivative liabilities (trading) 2013 Beginning
balance Acquisition Reclassified
category Valuation Disposal Other(*) Ending
balance In millions of won ₩ 169,637 — 784 883 — — 171,304 22,518 — — — — (7,863 ) 14,655 9,491 — — — (9,491 ) — —
45. |
(1) | Significant terms |
The Company entershas entered into a contract with National Power Corporation (the “NPC”), based onin the Republic of the Philippines whereby the Company can collect the electricity rates which are composed of fixed costs and variable costs during the certain concession period after building, rehabilitating, and operating the power plant.
(2) | Rights and classification of the arrangement |
The Company has the rights to use and own the power plant during the concession period from 2002 to 2022. At the end of the concession period, the Company has an obligation to transfer its ownership of the power plant to NPC.
(3) |
The Company’s expected future collections of service concession arrangements as of December 31, |
Type | Amounts | |||
In millions of won | ||||
Less than 1 year | ₩ | |||
1~ 2 years | ||||
2~ 3 years | ||||
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250,121 |
(1) | Related |
Type | Related party | |
Parent | Korean Government | |
Subsidiaries
| Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. , Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. , Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. , Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. , Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. , Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. , KEPCO Engineering & Construction Company, Inc.
, Garorim Tidal Power Plant Co., Ltd., Korea Engineering & Power Services Co., Ltd., KEPCO International Hong Kong Ltd. , KEPCO International Philippines Inc. , KEPCO Gansu International Ltd. , KEPCO Philippines Holdings Inc., |
KEPCO Lebanon S.A.R.L.
Type |
| |
KEPCO Philippines Corporation, KEPCO Ilijan Corporation, KEPCO Lebanon SARL, KEPCO Neimenggu International Ltd., KEPCO Shanxi International Ltd., KOMIPO Global Pte Ltd., KEPCO Canada Energy Ltd., KEPCO Netherlands B.V., KOREA Imouraren Uranium Investment Corp. KEPCO Australia Pty., Ltd., KOSEP Australia Pty., Ltd., KOMIPO Australia Pty., Ltd., KOWEPO Australia Pty., Ltd., KOSPO Australia Pty., Ltd. KEPCO Middle East Holding Company, Qatrana Electric Power Company, KHNP Canada Energy Ltd., KEPCO Bylong Australia Pty., Ltd., Korea Waterbury Uranium Limited Partnership, KEPCO Canada Uranium Investment Limited Partnership, Korea Electric Power Nigeria Ltd., KEPCO Holdings de Mexico, KST Electric Power Company, KEPCO Energy Service Company, KEPCO Netherlands S3 B.V., PT. KOMIPO Pembangkitan Jawa Bali, PT. Cirebon Power Service, KOWEPO International Corporation, KOSPO Jordan LLC, EWP Philippines Corporation (Formerly, EWP Cebu Corporation), EWP Philippine Holdings Corporation, EWP America Inc., EWP Renewable Co., DG Fairhaven Power, LLC, DG Kings Plaza Holdings, LLC, DG Kings Plaza, LLC, DG Kings Plaza II, LLC, DG Whitefield, LLC, Springfield Power, LLC, KNF Canada Energy Limited, PT KEPCO Resource Indonesia, EWP Barbados 1 SRL, California Power Holdings, LLC, Gyeonggi Green Energy Co., Ltd., PT. Tanggamus Electric Power, Gyeongju Wind Power Co., Ltd., KOMIPO America Inc., Boulder Solar Power, LLC, EWPRC Biomass Holdings, LLC, KOSEP USA, INC., PT. EWP Indonesia, KOWEPO America LLC., KEPCO Netherlands J3 B.V., Korea Offshore Wind Power Co., Ltd., Global One Pioneer B.V., Global Energy Pioneer B.V., KOSEP Wind Power, LLC., Mira Power Limited, KOSEP Material Co., Ltd., Commerce and Industry Energy Co., Ltd., KEPCO Singapore Holding Pte., Ltd., KOWEPO India Private Limited, KEPCO KPS Philippines Corp., KOSPO Chile SpA. | ||
| Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. , Korea Gas Corporation, Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. , YTN Co., Ltd., Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. , Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd. , Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. , Korea Power Exchange, AMEC Partners Korea, Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. , Ecollite Co., Ltd., Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd., Alternergy Philippine Investments Corporation, Muju Wind Power Co., Ltd., Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd., Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. , JinanJangsu Wind Power Co., Ltd., Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd., KNH Solar Co., Ltd., SPC Power Corporation, Gemeng International Energy , PT. Cirebon Electric Power, KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd., KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd., Dolphin Property Limited, E-Power S.A., PT Wampu Electric Power, PT. Bayan Resources |
Type | Related party | |
KS Solar Corp. Ltd., KOSCON Photovoltaic Co., Ltd., Yeongwol Energy Station Co., Ltd., Yeonan Photovoltaic Co., Ltd., Q1 Solar Co., Ltd., Jinbhuvish Power Generation, Best Solar Energy Co., Ltd., Seokcheon Solar Power Co., Ltd., SE Green Energy Co., Ltd., Daegu Photovoltaic Co., Ltd., Jeongam Wind Power Co., Ltd., Korea Power Engineering Service Co., Ltd., Golden Route J Solar Power Co., Ltd. | ||
Joint ventures
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, Eco Biomass Energy Sdn. Bhd., Datang Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd. , Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V., Shuweihat Asia Operation & Maintenance Company, Waterbury Lake Uranium L.P., ASM-BG Investicii AD, RES Technology AD, KV Holdings, Inc., KEPCO SPC Power Corporation, Canada Korea Uranium Limited Partnership, KEPCO Energy Resource Nigeria Limited, Gansu Datang Yumen Wind Power , Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. , Datang KEPCO Chaoyang Renewable Power Co., Ltd., Rabigh Electricity Company, Rabigh Operation & Maintenance Company, Jamaica Public Service Company Limited, | |
Others | Korea Finance Corporation |
(2) |
(3) | Related party transactions for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 |
Sales and others | ||||||||||||||
Company name | Transaction type | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Korea GAS Corporation | Purchase of power generation fuel | ₩ | 63,882 | ₩ | 42,138 | ₩ | 47,070 | |||||||
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. | Electricity metering | 12,417 | 5,778 | 7,998 | ||||||||||
Korea Power Exchange | Electricity purchase | 29,351 | 9,576 | 9,296 | ||||||||||
PT.Cirebon Electric Power | Architectural engineering and education service | 442 | 1,092 | 1,449 | ||||||||||
KW Nuclear Components Co., Ltd. | Sales of service | 900 | 87 | 382 | ||||||||||
STX Electric Power Co., Ltd. | Architectural engineering | 11,201 | 4,441 | — | ||||||||||
Commerce and industry energy Co., Ltd. | Architectural engineering | 559 | 632 | 212 | ||||||||||
AMEC Partners Korea | Architectural engineering | — | 24 | 86 | ||||||||||
Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Architectural engineering | 356 | 246 | — | ||||||||||
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. | Architectural engineering and technical advisory | 16,185 | 10,190 | 3,494 | ||||||||||
Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. | Power generation service | 13,740 | 9,079 | — | ||||||||||
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. | Architectural engineering | 4 | — | 313 | ||||||||||
KNH Solar Co., Ltd. | Service | 7 | — | — | ||||||||||
Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Service | 6 | — | — | ||||||||||
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. | Rental income and others | 3,434 | 7,940 | 1,274 | ||||||||||
YTN Co., Ltd. | Service | 926 | 978 | 1,324 | ||||||||||
Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Service | 134 | 115 | — | ||||||||||
Ecollite Co. Ltd. | Service | 1 | 35 | — | ||||||||||
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. | Service | 49 | 68 | — | ||||||||||
KEPCO SPC Power Corporation | Service | 20,222 | 12,428 | 4,781 | ||||||||||
Jamaica Public Service Company Limited | Service | 2,817 | 1,189 | — | ||||||||||
SPC Power Corporation | Service | 194 | 9 | 37 | ||||||||||
Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. | Interest income | 3,248 | 4,642 | 3,926 | ||||||||||
E-POWER S.A | Service | 623 | — | — | ||||||||||
Waterbury Lake Uranium Limited Partnership | Service | 61 | — | — |
Sales and others | ||||||||||||||||||
Company name | Transaction type | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||
<Associates> | ||||||||||||||||||
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. | Electricity sales | ₩ | — | 4 | 121 | |||||||||||||
Dongducheon Dream Power Co., Ltd. | Rental income and others | — | — | 11,603 | ||||||||||||||
Korea Gas Corporation | Electricity sales | 42,138 | 63,882 | 124,244 | ||||||||||||||
SE Green Energy Co., Ltd. | Service | — | — | 1 | ||||||||||||||
Daegu Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. | Service | — | — | 5 | ||||||||||||||
Jeongam Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Service | — | — | 3 | ||||||||||||||
Yeongwol Energy Station Co., Ltd. | Service | — | — | 27,900 | ||||||||||||||
KOSCON Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. | Service | — | — | 1 | ||||||||||||||
Yeonan Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. | Service | — | — | 52 | ||||||||||||||
Q1 Solar Co., Ltd. | Service | — | — | 262 | ||||||||||||||
Best Solar Energy Co., Ltd. | Service | — | — | 39 | ||||||||||||||
Incheon New Power Co., Ltd. | Construction revenue | — | — | 1,435 | ||||||||||||||
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. | Service | 5,778 | 12,417 | 13,014 |
Purchase and others | Sales and others | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Company name | Transaction type | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | Transaction type | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea GAS Corporation | Purchase of power generation fuel | ₩ | 11,505,999 | ₩ | 9,377,458 | ₩ | 7,139,758 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. | Electricity metering | 175,644 | 188,481 | 210,502 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
YTN Co., Ltd. | Electricity sales | ₩ | 978 | 1,714 | 4,070 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. | Rental income and others | 7,940 | 3,434 | 13,117 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Dividend income | 115 | 134 | 2,133 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. | Dividend income | 10,190 | 16,185 | 15,896 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Power Exchange | Electricity purchase | 77,448 | 66,894 | 64,830 | Service | 9,576 | 29,351 | 26,710 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korea District Heating Corp. | Heat supplying service | — | — | 53,571 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
YTN Co., Ltd. | Service | 776 | 915 | 628 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. | Service | 9,079 | 13,740 | 21,535 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ecollite Co., Ltd. | Interest income | 35 | 1 | 866 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Service | — | — | 626 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Architectural engineering | 246 | 356 | 65 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. | Electricity sales | 68 | 49 | 780 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Service | — | 6 | 751 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KNH Solar Co., Ltd. | Electricity sales | — | 7 | 19 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Busan Solar Co., Ltd. | Service | — | — | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SPC Power Corporation | Dividend income | 9 | 194 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PT. Cirebon Electric Power | Service | 1,092 | 442 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dolphin Property Limited | Service | — | — | 32 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
E-POWER S.A. | Dividend income | — | 623 | 1,902 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
— | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
<Joint ventures> | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO SPC Power Corporation | Interest income | 12,428 | 20,222 | 15,921 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO-ALSTOM Power Electronics Systems, Inc | Service | — | — | 796 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dongbu Power Dangjin Corporation | Technical fee | — | — | 1,431 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Seokmun Energy Co., Ltd. | Technical fee | — | — | 1,138 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KW Nuclear Components Co., Ltd. | Service | 87 | 900 | 829 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
STX Electric Power Co., Ltd. | Architectural engineering | 4,441 | 11,201 | 3,484 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
YEONGAM Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Service | — | — | 255 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Expressway Solar-light Power Generation Co., Ltd | Service | — | — | 215 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. | Interest income | 4,642 | 3,248 | 2,460 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rabigh Electricity Company | Service | — | — | 676 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rabigh Operation & Maintenance Company | Rental income and others | — | — | 2,091 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jamaica Public Service Company Limited | Service | 207 | 392 | — | Service | 1,189 | 2,817 | 2,798 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
KV Holdings, Inc. | Dividend income | — | — | 319 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arman Asia Electric Power Company | Service | — | — | 18,092 |
Purchase and others | ||||||||||||||||||
Company name | Transaction type | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||
<Associates> | ||||||||||||||||||
Korea Gas Corporation | Purchase of power generation fuel | ₩ | 9,377,458 | 11,644,660 | 12,936,962 | |||||||||||||
Gumi-ochang Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. | REC Purchase | — | 1,367 | 6,498 | ||||||||||||||
Chungbuk Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. | REC Purchase | — | 139 | 1,214 | ||||||||||||||
Cheonan Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. | REC Purchase | — | 65 | 1,039 |
Purchase and others | ||||||||||||||||||
Company name | Transaction type | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||
Daegu Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. | Electricity purchase | ₩ | — | — | 1,943 | |||||||||||||
Golden Route J Solar Power Co., Ltd. | Service | — | — | 983 | ||||||||||||||
KOSCON Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. | Electricity purchase | — | — | 549 | ||||||||||||||
Yeonan Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. | Electricity purchase | — | — | 162 | ||||||||||||||
Q1 Solar Co., Ltd. | Electricity purchase | — | — | 904 | ||||||||||||||
Best Solar Energy Co., Ltd. | Electricity purchase | — | — | 86 | ||||||||||||||
Seokcheon Solar Power Co., Ltd. | Service | — | — | 2,003 | ||||||||||||||
D Solarenergy Co., Ltd. | Electricity purchase | — | — | 29 | ||||||||||||||
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. | Electricity metering | 188,481 | 175,644 | 188,551 | ||||||||||||||
YTN Co., Ltd. | Service | 915 | 776 | 785 | ||||||||||||||
Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Electricity purchase | — | 34,342 | 38,980 | ||||||||||||||
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. | Electricity purchase | — | 269,199 | 313,164 | ||||||||||||||
Korea Power Exchange | Electricity purchase | 66,894 | 77,448 | 80,279 | ||||||||||||||
Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. | Electricity purchase | — | — | 1,643 | ||||||||||||||
Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd. | REC Purchase | — | 3,097 | 11,680 | ||||||||||||||
Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Electricity purchase | — | 1,473 | 11,893 | ||||||||||||||
KNH Solar Co., Ltd. | REC Purchase | — | 657 | 5,406 | ||||||||||||||
Busan Solar Co., Ltd. | Electricity purchase | — | — | 4,433 | ||||||||||||||
Green Biomass Co., Ltd. | Woodchip purchase | — | 518 | 869 | ||||||||||||||
<Joint ventures> | ||||||||||||||||||
KEPCO-ALSTOM Power Electronics Systems, Inc | Service | — | — | 143 | ||||||||||||||
Busan shinho Solar power Co., Ltd. | Electricity purchase | — | — | 8,944 | ||||||||||||||
Global Trade of Power System Co., Ltd. | Plant facility purchase | — | — | 574 | ||||||||||||||
Expressway Solar-light Power Generation Co., Ltd | Electricity purchase | — | — | 1,319 | ||||||||||||||
Jamaica Public Service Company Limited | Service | 392 | 207 | 104 |
(4) | Receivables and payables arising from related party transactions as of December 31, 2012 and |
Receivables | Payables | |||||||||||||||||
Company name | Type | Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | |||||||||||||
Korea GAS Corporation | Accounts Receivable | ₩ | 4,585 | ₩ | 5,506 | ₩ | — | ₩ | — | |||||||||
Other Receivable | 204 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Accounts Payable | — | — | 1,409,650 | 1,224,877 | ||||||||||||||
Other Payable | — | — | 101 | 64 | ||||||||||||||
Korea Power Exchange | Accounts Receivable | 2,296 | 1,662 | — | — | |||||||||||||
Other Receivable | 41 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Accounts Payable | — | — | 3,910 | — | ||||||||||||||
Other Payable | — | — | 3,490 | 3,023 | ||||||||||||||
Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. | Accounts Receivable | 40 | 227 | — | — | |||||||||||||
Other Receivable | 552 | 1,002 | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Accounts Payable | — | — | — | 211 | ||||||||||||||
Other Payable | — | — | 15,004 | 22,134 | ||||||||||||||
Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. | Accounts Receivable | 676 | 2,179 | — | — | |||||||||||||
Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. | Accounts Receivable | 150 | 148 | — | — | |||||||||||||
Other Receivable | 4,018 | 918 | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Accounts Receivable | — | 414 | — | — | |||||||||||||
Commerce and industry energy Co., Ltd. | Accounts Receivable | 34 | 284 | — | — | |||||||||||||
Other Receivable | 33 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
PT.Cirebon Electric Power | Accounts Receivable | — | 438 | — | — | |||||||||||||
STX Electric Power Co., Ltd. | Accounts Receivable | 8,470 | 2,087 | — | — | |||||||||||||
Other Receivable | 79 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
YTN Co., Ltd. | Accounts Receivable | 1 | 78 | — | — | |||||||||||||
Other Payable | — | — | 28 | — | ||||||||||||||
Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd | Accounts Receivable | 9 | 10 | — | — | |||||||||||||
Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. | Accounts Receivable | 9 | 1 | — | — | |||||||||||||
Ecollite Co. Ltd. | Accounts Receivable | — | 1 | — | — | |||||||||||||
KW Nuclear Components | Accounts Receivable | — | 262 | — | — | |||||||||||||
Other Payable | — | — | — | 262 | ||||||||||||||
KNH Solar Co., Ltd. | Accounts Receivable | 1 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. | Accounts Receivable | 3 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||
Other Receivable | 9,900 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. | Accounts Receivable | 158 | 109 | — | — | |||||||||||||
Other Receivable | 2,093 | 119 | — | — |
Receivables | Payables | |||||||||||||||||||||
Company name | Type | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. | Trade receivables | ₩ | 3 | 35 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Non-trade receivables and others | 9,900 | �� | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
Korea Gas Corporation | Trade receivables | 4,585 | 8,237 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
Non-trade receivables and others | 204 | 1,507 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
Trade payables | — | — | 1,409,650 | 1,208,072 | ||||||||||||||||||
Non-trade payables and others | — | — | 101 | 101 |
Company name Jamaica Public Service Company Limited KEPCO SPC Power Corporation SPC Power Corporation Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. E-Power S.A Waterbury Lake Uranium Limited Partnership Company name Chungbuk Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. Cheonan Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd Daegu Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. Jeongam Wind Power Co., Ltd. Golden Route J Solar Power Co., Ltd. Yeongwol Energy Station Co., Ltd. KOSCON Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. Yeonan Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. Best Solar Energy Co., Ltd. Seokcheon Solar Power Co., Ltd. D Solarenergy Co., Ltd. Incheon New Power Co., Ltd. Korea Electric Power Industrial Development Co., Ltd. DS Power Co., Ltd. YTN Co., Ltd. Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd. Hyundai Green Power Co., Ltd. Korea Power Exchange Receivables Payables Type Dec. 31, 2012 Dec. 31, 2011 Dec. 31, 2012 Dec. 31, 2011 Accounts Receivable 984 681 — — Accounts Receivable 3,673 3,732 — — Other Receivable 9,934 7,623 — — Accounts Payable — — — 353 Other Receivable 931 4,831 — — Other Receivable 2 — — — Other Receivable 59 — — — Receivables Payables Type 2012 2013 2012 2013 In millions of won Non-trade payables
and others ₩ — — 22 57 Non-trade payables
and others — — 7 — Non-trade payables
and others — — — 212 Non-trade payables
and others — — — 6 Non-trade payables
and others — — — 48 Trade receivables — 11,413 — — Non-trade payables
and others — — — 45 Trade receivables — 23 — — Non-trade payables
and others — — — 20 Non-trade payables
and others — — — 21 Non-trade payables
and others — — — 154 Non-trade payables
and others — — — 29 Non-trade payables
and others — — — 1,483 Trade receivables 40 590 — — Non-trade
receivables and
others 552 129 — — Non-trade payables
and others — — 15,004 24,357 Non-trade payables
and others — — — 1 Trade receivables 1 51 — — Non-trade payables
and others — — 28 110 Trade receivables 158 133 — — Non-trade
receivables and
others 2,093 1,805 — — Trade receivables 9 7 — — Trade payables — — 3,679 3,720 Trade receivables 676 1,311 — — Trade payables — — 23,553 28,427 Trade receivables 2,296 3,810 — — Non-trade
receivables and
others 41 147 — — Trade payables — — 3,910 3,497 Non-trade payables
and others — — 3,490 6,709
Company name Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd. Pyeongchang Wind Power Co., Ltd. Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. Busan Solar Co., Ltd. KNH Solar Co., Ltd. Green Biomass Co., Ltd. and others SPC Power Corporation E-POWER S.A. <Joint ventures> KEPCO SPC Power Corporation KEPCO-ALSTOM Power Electronics Systems, Inc Dongbu Power Dangjin Corporation Seokmun Energy Co., Ltd. STX Electric Power Co., Ltd. Busan Shinho Solar power Co., Ltd. YEONGAM Wind Power Co., Ltd. Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. Jamaica Public Service Company Limited Receivables Payables Type 2012 2013 2012 2013 In millions of won Trade receivables ₩ 150 60 — — Non-trade receivables
and others 4,018 17,936 — — Non-trade payables
and others — — — 8,823 Trade receivables — 129 — — Non-trade payables
and others — — 677 703 Trade receivables — 186 — — Trade receivables 9 208 — — Trade receivables — 92 — — Non-trade payables
and others — — 509 797 Trade payables — — 135 — Non-trade payables
and others — — — 3 Trade receivables 1 1 — — Non-trade receivables — 258 — — Non-trade payables
and others — — — 45 Non-trade receivables
and others — 6 — — Non-trade receivables
and others 2 2 — — Trade receivables 3,673 10,237 — — Non-trade receivables
and others 9,934 — — — Non-trade receivables
and others — 473 — — Non-trade receivables
and others — 1,575 — — Non-trade receivables
and others — 196 — — Trade receivables 8,470 323 — — Non-trade receivables
and others 79 100 — — Non-trade payables
and others — — — 1,132 Trade receivables — 252 — — Trade receivables — 613 — — Non-trade receivables
and others 931 — — — Trade receivables 984 537 — — Non-trade receivables
and others — 59 — —
(5) | Loans and others arising from related party transactions as of December 31, 2012 and |
Type | Company name | Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | Company name | Beginning balance | Loans | Collection | Allowance for doubtful accounts | Others | Ending balance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Joint ventures | KEPCO SPC Power Corporation | 89,758 | ₩ | 96,647 | KEPCO SPC Power Corporation | ₩ | 89,758 | — | (39,890 | ) | — | (1,324 | ) | 48,544 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Joint ventures | Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. | 43,456 | 54,590 | Datang Chifeng Renewable Power Co., Ltd. | 43,456 | — | (7,136 | ) | — | (641 | ) | 35,679 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Affiliates | KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd. KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd. | 25,208 | 26,504 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Affiliates | Dolphin Property Limited | 952 | 987 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Joint ventures | Jamaica Public Service Company Limited | — | 2,111 | — | — | — | 2,111 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Associates | KNOC Nigerian East Oil Co., Ltd. KNOC Nigerian West Oil Co., Ltd. | 25,208 | 536 | — | (13,586 | ) | (391 | ) | 11,767 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Associates | Dolphin Property Limited | 952 | — | — | (354 | ) | 2 | 600 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Associates | Rabigh Electricity Company | 208,796 | — | — | — | (105,375 | ) | 103,421 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Associates | Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. | 3,768 | — | (11,695 | ) | — | 7,927 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Associates | PT. Cirebon Electric Power | 53,013 | 3,510 | — | — | (782 | ) | 55,741 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
₩ | 424,951 | 6,157 | (58,721 | ) | (13,940 | ) | (100,584 | ) | 257,863 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(6) | Borrowings arising from related party transactions as of December 31, 2012 and |
Related parties | Type | Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | |||||||||
Korea Finance Corporation | Facility | ₩ | 2,300,000 | ₩ | 1,712,222 | |||||||
Project Loan | 147,735 | 159,432 |
Type | Company name | Transaction type | Beginning balance | Borrowings | Repayment | Others | Ending balance | |||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other related parties | Korea Finance Corporation | Facility | ₩ | 2,300,000 | — | — | — | 2,300,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Project Loan | 147,735 | — | (147,735 | ) | — | — |
(7) | Guarantees provided to an |
Primary guarantor
| Secondary guarantor
| Type of | Credit limit | Guarantee | ||||||||
In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies | ||||||||||||
| KEPCO SPC Power Corporation | Debt guarantees | USD | 189,565 | SMBC and others | |||||||
Korea Electric Power Corporation |
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
| Shuweihat Asia Power Investment B.V. | Performance guarantees | USD |
|
| ADWEA | ||||||
Korea Electric Power Corporation | Shuweihat Asia O&M | Performance guarantees | USD | 11,000 |
| ADWEA | ||||||
Korea Electric Power Corporation |
|
| USD | 34,650 |
|
| Korea National Oil Corporation (Nigerian government) |
SMBC, ADB, Export-import Bank
Primary guarantor | Secondary guarantor | Type of | Credit limit | Guarantee | ||||||||
Korea Electric Power Corporation |
| Performance guarantees |
| USD |
|
|
| |||||
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. | Cheongna Energy Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 42,646 | Hana Bank, Korea Exchange Bank | |||||||
Guarantees for supplemental funding(*) | — | |||||||||||
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. | Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy Power Co., Ltd. | Performance guarantees | USD | 2,310 | Krung Thai Bank | |||||||
Collateralized money invested | USD | 16,934 | ||||||||||
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. | Rabigh O&M Co., Ltd. | Performance guarantees | SAR | 4,800 | Saudi Arabia British Bank | |||||||
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. | Deagu Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 1,229 |
|
|
| |||||
Korea |
| Collateralized money invested | KRW |
|
|
| ||||||
Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. | PT Mutiara Jawa | Collateralized money invested | USD | 2,610 | Shinhan Bank Singapore | |||||||
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. | Busan shinho Solar power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 2,100 | KT Capital Co., Ltd. | |||||||
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. | STX Electric Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 176,400 |
|
| Korea Development Bank | |||||
| Honam Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 3,600 | Shinhan Bank and others | |||||||
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. | KNH Solar Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 1,296 | Shinhan Bank, Kyobo Life Insurance Co., Ltd. | |||||||
Performance guarantees and guarantees for supplemental funding(*) | — | |||||||||||
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. | Daeryun Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 25,477 | Korea Development Bank, Dongbu Insurance Co., Ltd. and others | |||||||
Guarantees for supplemental funding(*) | — | |||||||||||
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. | Changjuk Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 3,801 | Shinhan Bank, Woori Bank | |||||||
Guarantees for supplemental funding(*) | — |
Primary guarantor | Secondary guarantor | Type of guarantees | Credit limit | Guarantee | ||||||||
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. | Busan Solar Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 793 | NH Bank | |||||||
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. | Taebaek Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Guarantees for supplemental funding(*) |
| — |
|
| Shinhan Bank, | |||||
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. | Daegu Green Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 76,193 | Korea Exchange Bank and others | |||||||
Performance guarantees and guarantees for supplemental funding(*) | — | |||||||||||
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. | KS Solar Corp. Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 637 | Shinhan Capital Co., Ltd. | |||||||
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. |
| Collateralized money invested | KRW | 700 |
|
|
| |||||
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. | Kelar S.A. | Performance guarantees | USD | 13,000 | Korea Exchange Bank | |||||||
KEPCO Engineering & Construction Company, Inc. | DS Power Co., Ltd.
| Collateralized money invested | KRW | 2,900 | Korea Exchange Bank and Daewoo Securities Co., Ltd. | |||||||
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. | KRW | 15,000 | ||||||||||
KEPCO Engineering & Construction Company, Inc. | Performance guarantees and guarantees for supplemental funding(*) | — | ||||||||||
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. | — | |||||||||||
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. | Hyundai Green Power Co. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 87,003 | Korea Development Bank and others | |||||||
Guarantees for supplemental funding(*) | — | |||||||||||
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. | Gangwon Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 7,410 | Industrial Bank of Korea | |||||||
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. | Cheonan Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 122 |
|
| KT Capital Corporation | |||||
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. | Gumi-ochang Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 288 | Shinhan |
Primary guarantor | Secondary guarantor | Type of guarantees | Credit limit | Guarantee | ||||||||
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. | Chungbuk Photovoltaic Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 166 | KT Capital Corporation | |||||||
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. | Golden Route J Solar Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 82 | Shinhan Capital Co., Ltd. | |||||||
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. | PT. Cirebon Electric Power | Debt guarantees | USD | 8,091 | Hana Bank | |||||||
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. |
| Collateralized money invested | KRW | 400 |
|
|
| |||||
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. | Hyundai Asan Solar Power Co., Ltd. |
| KRW | 471 | Shinhan Capital Co., Ltd. | |||||||
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. | Hyundai Energy Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 71,070 | Korea Development Bank and others | |||||||
Performance guarantees and guarantees for supplemental funding(*) | — | |||||||||||
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. | RES Technology AD | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 15,595 | Korea Development Bank and others | |||||||
Debt guarantees | EUR | 4,271 | ||||||||||
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. | ASM-BG investicii AD | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 16,101 | Korea Development Bank and others | |||||||
Debt guarantees | EUR | 4,175 | ||||||||||
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. | Express solar-light Power Generation Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 3,132 | Woori Bank and others | |||||||
Guarantees for supplemental funding(*) | — | |||||||||||
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. | S-Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 108,000 | Korea Development Bank and others | |||||||
Performance guarantees and guarantees for supplemental funding(*) | — | |||||||||||
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. | YEONGAM Wind Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 11,584 | Kookmin Bank and others | |||||||
Guarantees for supplemental funding(*) | — | |||||||||||
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. | Coscon Photovoltaic Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 245 |
|
| Shinhan Capital Co., Ltd. | |||||
Korea | Yeonan Solar Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 157 | Shinhan Capital Co., Ltd. |
Primary guarantor | Secondary guarantor | Type of guarantees | Credit limit | Guarantee | ||||||
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. | Q1 Solar Energy Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 1,005 | Shinhan Bank and others | |||||
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. | Best Solar Energy Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 1,242 | Shinhan Bank and others | |||||
KOSEP USA, INC. | KODE NOVUS II LLC | Guarantees for supplemental funding(*) | — | Korea Development Bank and others | ||||||
KOSEP USA, INC. | KODE NOVUS I LLC | Guarantees for supplemental funding(*) | — | Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. | ||||||
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. | Yeong Wol Energy Station Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 462 | Daewoo Securities Co., Ltd. and others | |||||
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. | KRW | 1,400 | ||||||||
KEPCO Plant Service & Engineering Co., Ltd. | Incheon New Power Co., Ltd. | Collateralized money invested | KRW | 461 | Shinhan Bank | |||||
Guarantees for supplemental funding(*) | — |
The Company guarantees to provide supplemental funding for business with respect to excessive business expenses or insufficient repayment of borrowings. |
(8) | As of December 31, |
|
Type | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Salaries | ₩ | 1,180 | ₩ | 1,301 | ₩ | 1,393 | ₩ | 1,301 | 1,180 | 1,114 | ||||||||||||||||||
Retirement and severance benefits | 51 | 56 | 43 | 56 | 51 | 63 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 1,231 | ₩ | 1,357 | ₩ | 1,435 | ₩ | 1,357 | 1,231 | 1,177 | |||||||||||||||||||
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MajorSignificant non-cash investment and finance transactions excluded from statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 2011 and 20102013 are as follows (KRW in millions):follows:
Transactions | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transfer from construction in-progress to other assets | ₩ | 9,568,629 | ₩ | 8,905,741 | ₩ | 5,500,517 | ₩ | 8,905,741 | 9,568,629 | 6,507,426 | ||||||||||||||||||
Appropriation asset retirement obligation due to decommissioning cost incurred | 4,537,338 | 353,315 | 247,248 | 353,315 | 4,537,338 | 251,054 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Transfer from decommissioning cost of spent fuel to accrued expense | 86,436 | 73,994 | — | 73,994 | 86,436 | 403,638 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Transfer from property, plant and equipment to finance lease receivables | — | — | 470,867 |
(1) | The agreements for acquisition of property, plant and equipment as of December 31, 2012 and |
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contracts | Amounts | Balance | Amounts | Balance | Amounts | Balance | Amounts | Balance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In millions of won | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction of New Uljin units | ₩ | 14,559,941 | ₩ | 12,671,159 | ₩ | 14,559,941 | ₩ | 13,324,277 | ₩ | 14,559,941 | 12,671,159 | 14,559,941 | 11,756,580 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction of New Kori units | 19,011,356 | 9,204,087 | 19,011,356 | 10,310,550 | 14,097,914 | 8,927,535 | 14,097,914 | 8,306,938 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction of New Wolseong units | 4,717,241 | 100,230 | 4,717,241 | 594,210 | 4,717,241 | 100,230 | 5,310,003 | 449,958 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction of Dangjin units | 1,204,875 | 1,311,486 | 1,210,257 | 1,153,701 | 1,204,875 | 1,311,486 | 952,729 | 486,809 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction of New Boryeong units | 369,347 | 326,074 | 361,397 | 344,271 | 369,347 | 326,074 | 1,801,718 | 1,613,529 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction of Samcheok units | 2,229,255 | 2,036,492 | — | — | 2,229,255 | 2,036,492 | 2,273,156 | 1,772,954 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction of Taean IGCC units | 805,222 | 715,365 | — | — | 805,222 | 715,365 | 688,817 | 391,330 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction of Taean units | 847,464 | 810,228 | 103,000 | 91,449 | 847,464 | 810,228 | 937,954 | 852,254 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction of Incheon units | 167,566 | 11,355 | 130,476 | 69,913 | 167,566 | 11,355 | 167,566 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction of office building(KDN) | 106,493 | 102,620 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction of office building (KDN) | 106,493 | 102,620 | 106,493 | 68,283 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction of office building (KOPEC) | — | — | 210,021 | 167,563 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction of Sejong city cogeneration units | 425,459 | 293,938 | 419,891 | 392,171 | 425,459 | 293,938 | 468,153 | 63,485 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of Wonju cogeneration units | 50,400 | 35,360 | — | — | 50,400 | 35,360 | 50,400 | 50,241 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of Ulsan combined cycle power units | 565,151 | 539,324 | — | — | 565,151 | 539,324 | 256,760 | 63,514 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of Pyeongtaek combined cycle power units | 434,200 | 394,864 | — | — | 434,200 | 394,864 | 169,793 | 31,884 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of Andong main machine | 126,946 | 97,689 | — | — | 126,946 | 97,689 | 685,335 | 28,194 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of diesel for generation | 69,014 | 69,014 | — | — | 69,014 | 69,014 | 54,177 | 54,177 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of 765KV steel tower units | — | — | 93,230 | 27,745 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of 345KV optical fiber composite cable | 46,432 | — | 46,432 | 38,921 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction of New Yeongheung units | 1,654,572 | 883,331 | 1,639,047 | 286,727 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction of New Yeosu units | 401,474 | 383,228 | 417,733 | 337,926 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction of New Seoul units | — | — | 586,493 | 550,493 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of Concrete Poles (10M,350KGF) | — | — | 77,209 | 71,111 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other purchase contracts | 96,748 | 77,866 | 135,761 | 65,394 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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₩ | 42,929,282 | 29,787,158 | 45,647,173 | 27,469,344 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(2) | As of December 31, |
The Company imports all of its uranium ore concentrates from sources outside Korea (including the United States, United Kingdom, Kazakhstan, France, Russia, South Africa, Canada and Australia) which are paid for with currencies other than Won, primarily in U.S. dollars. In order to ensure stable supply, the Company entered into long-term and medium-term contracts with various suppliers, and supplements such supplies with purchases of fuels on spot markets. The long-term and medium-term contract periods vary among contractors and the stages of fuel manufacturing process. Contract prices for processing of uranium are generally based on market prices. Contract periods for ore concentrates, conversion, enrichment and design and fabrication are as follows:
Type | Periods | Contracted amounts | ||
Concentrate | ||||
Transformed | ||||
Enrichment | ||||
Molded |
(1) | Ongoing litigations related with contingent liabilities and assets as of December 31, 2012 and |
The Company is the defendant against a number of claims. The following are potentially significant claims pertaining to the Company:
Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | |||||||||||||||
Type | Number of cases | Claim amount | Number of cases | Claim amount | ||||||||||||
As the defendant | 559 | ₩ | 390,878 | 429 | ₩ | 138,498 | ||||||||||
As the plaintiff | 107 | 74,275 | 103 | 21,403 |
Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO) contracted with LS Cable & System Ltd. for 250kv submarine cables installed in the 105km section between Jindo (Mainland) and Jeju Island in September 2009. LS Cable & System Ltd. notified KEPCO of the completion of construction and requested the issuance of a certificate of completion, however KEPCO disagreed that LS Cable & System Ltd. had completed construction in accordance with the conditions of their contract. As a result, KEPCO rejected the goods (submarine cables installed) delivered and refused to pay LS Cable & System Ltd. |
LS Cable & System Ltd. filed for arbitration (seeking a total amount of ₩194 billion from KEPCO) with the Korean Commercial Arbitration Board in April 2013 in order to demand unpaid invoices and extra payments relating to claims of rejection of the test on completion and goods (submarine cables installed) delivered.
At this time, management believes the Company does not have a present obligation for this matter and has not recognized any provision as of December 31, 2013 due to the fact that LS Cable & System did not fully perform its obligations according to the contract terms. It is not possible to estimate an amount of potential loss because the Korean Commercial Arbitration Board is in the early stage of the process of examining the factual accuracy of the claims of each party by hiring third party experts.
‚ | Korea Nuclear Technology Co., Ltd. was qualified to supply Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of KEPCO, Passive Autocatalytic Recombiners (PAR) which had been developed under a cooperative research and development agreement and designated as items to be developed over a period of three years through a negotiated contract. Korea Nuclear Technology Co., Ltd. filed a lawsuit for damages and compensation against Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. relating to claims of contracting with another company through open bid. |
The lower court ruled against the plaintiff based on the principle of freedom of contract and principle of competitive bid preference in October 2013. The plaintiff has filed an appeal as of December 31, 2013.
At this time, management believes the Company does not have a present obligation for this matter and has not recognized any provision as of December 31, 2013 since the Company does not have any legal obligation to have a contract with the plaintiff which is supported by the decision of the lower court.
ƒ | In December 2013, the Supreme Court of Korea ruled that regular bonuses also fall under the category of ordinary wages on the condition that those bonuses are paid regularly and uniformly. The Supreme Court ruled that, “employees shall not retroactively demand the difference in overtime pay as additional wages, in the event that the demand itself causes an unexpected increase in spending for their company, and thus lead the company to financial difficulty. In that case, the request is not acceptable, since it is unjust, and it is in breach of the principle of good faith.” |
Prior to the ruling of the Supreme Court, the Company determined wages in accordance with budget instructions from the Ministry of Strategy and Finance, which excluded bonuses from ordinary wages and was with the consent of the Company’s labor unions. Any request for the retroactive demand for the difference in overtime pay as additional wages may be limited based on the principle of good faith.
At this time, management believes that the Company does not have a present obligation for this matter and has not recognized any provision as of December 31, 2013 because the application of the Supreme Court’s ruling is not clear and it is highly unpredictable to estimate the timing of payment and the amount since the Company is required to follow the Korean government’s guidance, as a government entity. It is not possible to estimate the amount of potential loss because it will be
dependant upon the future agreement between the management of the Company and the labor unions or the outcome of any similar lawsuits.
In addition, Korean Power Plant Industry Union and others filed lawsuits (worth ₩44.6 billion) against six generation subsidiaries of KEPCO, including Korea Western Power Co., Ltd., relating to claims that ordinary wages have been paid without including certain items of wages that should have been included in ordinary wages.
(2) | Guarantees of borrowings provided to other |
Guarantees | Financial and non-financial institutions | Contracts date | Period of guarantees | Foreign currency | Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | Financial or | Date of contract | Period of contract | 2012 | 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Repayment guarantees For UAE shuweihat S3 borrowings | Mizuho, SMBC, HSBC | May 16, 2011 | May 16, 2011 ~ February 28, 2014 | USD | 58,294 | 58,294 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In thousands of U.S. dollars | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repayment guarantees for UAE Shuweihat S3 borrowings | Mizuho, SMBC, HSBC | 2011-05-16 | 2011-05-16 ~ 2014-02-28 | USD | 58,294 | USD | 58,294 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Guarantee of UAE Shuweihat S3 interest swap agreement | SMBC | 2011-05-16 | 2011-05-16 ~ 2014-02-28 | USD | 1,500 | USD | 1,500 |
The Company provides performance guarantee related to construction completion to Kookmin Bank. As such performance guarantee does not meet the definition of financial guarantee contract in IAS 39,No. 1039 ‘Financial Instruments; Recognition and Measurement’, no related liability is recognized.
(3) | Credit lines provided by financial institutions as of December 31, |
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Commitments | Financial institutions | Currency | Guarantee limit | Outstanding amount | ||||||||
In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies | ||||||||||||
Commitments on Bank-overdraft | Nonghyup Bank and others | KRW | 1,845,000 | 43,233 | ||||||||
Commitments on Bank-daylight overdraft | Nonghyup Bank | KRW | 280,000 | — | ||||||||
Limit amount available for CP | Korea Exchange Bank and others | KRW | 1,129,000 | 197,500 | ||||||||
Limit amount available for card | Hana Bank and others | KRW | 71,500 | 273 | ||||||||
Certification of payment on payables from foreign country | Korea Development Bank | USD | 420,009 | 342,040 | ||||||||
Loan limit | Hana Bank and others | KRW | 195,996 | 108,892 | ||||||||
BNP Paribas and others | USD | 2,646,059 | 152,150 | |||||||||
Certification of payment on L/C | Korea Exchange Bank and others | USD | 2,053,328 | 252,256 | ||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | GBP | 61,169 | 15,803 | |||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | EUR | 3,100 | 2,506 | |||||||||
Nonghyup Bank and others | JPY | 18,914,670 | 14,301,596 | |||||||||
Certification of performance guarantee on contract | Seoul Guarantee Insurance and others | KRW | 159,426 | 156,129 | ||||||||
Korea Exchange Bank | AED | 54,880 | 54,880 | |||||||||
Standard Chartered Bank and others | USD | 843,811 | 711,553 | |||||||||
Kookmin Bank | EUR | 37,082 | 37,082 | |||||||||
HSBC and others | INR | 236,443 | 185,077 | |||||||||
Certification of bidding | SMBC and others | USD | 11,470 | 10,816 |
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Commitments | Financial institutions | Currency | Guarantee limit | Outstanding amount | ||||||
In millions of won and thousands of foreign currencies | ||||||||||
Advance payment bond, Warranty bond, Retention bond and others | Shinhan Bank | EUR | 54,880 | 5,438 | ||||||
HSBC | USD | 252,140 | 38,832 | |||||||
Katumandu Bank and others | NPR | 85,289 | 85,289 | |||||||
Others | Korea Exchange Bank and others | KRW | 9,503 | 4,669 | ||||||
BNP Paribas and others | USD | 1,409,500 | 6,500 | |||||||
Hana Bank | INR | 157,830 | 157,830 | |||||||
Inclusive credit | Korea Exchange Bank and others | KRW | 1,176,600 | 340,297 | ||||||
HSBC and others | USD | 545,512 | 17,079 |
(4) | As of |
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| Type of guarantee | Currency | Amount | Description | ||||||||||||||||
In millions of won and thousands of U.S. dollars | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Korea Resources Corporation | Blank check | KRW | — | Collateral for borrowings | ||||||||||||||||
KEPCO International Philippines Inc. | Citibank New | All shareholdings of | USD | 90,623 | Required pursuant to Pledge Agreement between KIPI, KEILCO and Citibank New York re: KEILCO Project Financing in Nov. 2000 | ||||||||||||||||
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. | Korea | All shareholdings of Gyeongju Wind Power Co., Ltd. | KRW | 9,240 | Collateral for borrowings | ||||||||||||||||
Korea | Korea Development Bank and others | All shareholdings of Ltd. | KRW | 47,000 | Collateral for borrowings | ||||||||||||||||
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. | Hana Bank and others | All shareholdings of Commerce and Industry Energy Co., Ltd. | KRW | 13,570 | Collateral for borrowings |
Korea South-East Power Co., Ltd. and Korea Western Power Co., Ltd. which are wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company, issued bond-type hybrid securities for the year ended December 31, 2012. Bond-type hybrid securities classified as equity (non-controlling interest)The accumulated difference as of December 31, 2012 are2013 is ₩728,308 million, which has decreased by ₩1,149,063 million from ₩1,877,371 million as follows (KRW in millions):of December 31, 2012.
Issuer | Securities | Issued date | Maturity | Yield (%) | Amount | |||||||||||
Korea South-East | 1st bond-type hybrid security | 2012.12.07 | 2042.12.06 | 4.38% | ₩ | 170,000 | ||||||||||
Korea South-East | 2nd bond-type hybrid security | 2012.12.07 | 2042.12.06 | 4.44% | 230,000 | |||||||||||
Korea Western | 1st bond-type hybrid security | 2012.10.18 | 2042.10.18 | 5yr government bond rate + 1.20 | 100,000 | |||||||||||
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Expense of Issuance | (1,341 | ) | ||||||||||||||
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₩ | 498,659 | |||||||||||||||
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Although these instruments have contractual maturity dates,There is no assurance as to when the contractual agreementsGovernment will lift the hold order and allow the Company to indefinitely extendbill and collect the maturity dates and defer the payment of interest without a modification on the other termsFCPTA amounts. The Company concluded that, in consideration of the instruments. Whenprolonged unbilled period and consultation with, and information from, the Ministry, the Company decideswould not be able to pay dividends on ordinary shares,bill and collect the company is not required to pay interest onunbilled FCPTA amounts for the hybrid securities.foreseeable future. As a result, there were no FCPTA amounts remaining in the consolidated statement of financial position as of December 31, 2013.
Substantially, these instruments have no contractual obligation to pay principal and interest, as such these instruments have been classified as equity (non-controlling interest).
(6) | The Company has a potential obligation to reimburse approximately ₩8.3 billion to KEPCO SPC Power Corporation, one of its joint ventures of the Company, for the turbine accident on Philippine Unit 2 power plant. Due to the uncertainties of who is the responsible party for the accident, the Company has not recognized for the expected financial effect in the consolidated statement of financial position as of December 31, 2013. |
50. |
Subsequent to the reporting date, the subsidiaries of the Company, Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd., Korea South-EastSouthern Power Co., Ltd., and Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd., Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. and Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. have issued new bondsdebt securities for funds of facilities and operation as follows (KRW in millions and USD in thousands):follows:
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Company name | Type | Interest rate | Issue date | Maturity | Currency | Amounts | ||||||||||||||
In millions of won and thousands of U.S. dollars | ||||||||||||||||||||
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. | 41-1st Unsecured bond | 3.12% | 2014.01.17 | 2017.01.17 | KRW | 170,000 | ||||||||||||||
41-2nd Unsecured bond | 3.86% | 2014.01.17 | 2024.01.17 | KRW | 130,000 | |||||||||||||||
Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. | 24-1st Unsecured bond | 3.49% | 2014.01.21 | 2019.01.21 | KRW | 150,000 | ||||||||||||||
24-2nd Unsecured bond | 3.80% | 2014.01.21 | 2024.01.21 | KRW | 50,000 | |||||||||||||||
26-1st Unsecured bond | 3.31% | 2014.03.06 | 2019.03.06 | KRW | 50,000 | |||||||||||||||
26-2nd Unsecured bond | 3.71% | 2014.03.06 | 2024.03.06 | KRW | 160,000 | |||||||||||||||
26-3rd Unsecured bond | 3.92% | 2014.03.06 | 2034.03.06 | KRW | 90,000 | |||||||||||||||
25thDollar-denominated corporate bond | Libor + 1.05% | 2014.01.28 | 2017.01.28 | USD | 100,000 | |||||||||||||||
Korea Midland Power Co., Ltd. | 4th Global bond (Reg S only) | 2.75% | 2014.02.10 | 2019.02.11 | KRW | 321,570 | ||||||||||||||
Korea East-West Power Co., Ltd. | 21-1st Unsecured bond | 3.04% | 2014.01.28 | 2017.01.28 | KRW | 200,000 | ||||||||||||||
21-2nd Unsecured bond | 3.40% | 2014.01.28 | 2019.01.28 | KRW | 100,000 | |||||||||||||||
22 Unsecured bond | 3.01% | 2014.02.24 | 2017.02.24 | KRW | 100,000 |
INDEX OF EXHIBITS
1.1 | Articles of Incorporation, as last amended on | |
2.1 | Form of Deposit Agreement* | |
8.1 | List of Subsidiaries | |
12.1 | Certifications of our Chief Executive Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Exchange Act (Certifications under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) | |
12.2 | Certifications of our Chief Financial Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Exchange Act (Certifications under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) | |
13.1 | Certifications of our Chief Executive Officer required by Rule 13a-14(b) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of the United States Code (18 U.S.C. 1350) (Certifications under Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) | |
13.2 | Certifications of our Chief Financial Officer required by Rule 13a-14(b) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of the United States Code (18 U.S.C. 1350) (Certifications under Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) | |
15.1 | The Korea Electric Power Corporation Act, as amended on March 23, 2013 (in English)** | |
15.2 | Enforcement Decree of the Korea Electric Power Corporation Act, as amended on March 23, 2013 (in English)** | |
15.3 | The Public Agencies Management Act, as amended on March 23, 2013 (in English)** | |
15.4 | Enforcement Decree of the Public Agencies Management Act, as amended on March 23, 2013 (in English)** | |
15.5 | Letter from Deloitte Anjin LLC |
* | Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form F-6 with respect to the ADSs, registered under Registration No. 33-84612. |
** | Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s annual report on Form 20-F (No. 001-13372) previously filed on April 30, 2013. |
E-1